Podcasts about orthographic

Shannon and Mary host a returning guest to the Reading Teachers Lounge @MindfulTeacherRachel, who you heard in Season 5 on the Schwa episode.   In this episode, Shannon, Mary, and Rachel talk about English word histories and how they may inform how a word is spelled.   Check out this discussion to get ideas for how to share word origin stories with your reading students and help students see how important morphology is in addition to sound symbol connections.RESOURCES MENTIONED DURING THE EPISODEOnline Etymology DictionaryWhen is an O a Scribal O?Literacy Nest resource for Scribal OScribal O videoLatin Connective IWord Smarts: Van Cleave Vocabulary Connecting VowelsHistorical Layers of English: Reading RocketsIG Post from Laura.Loves.Teaching:   English Language Layer Cake Scribal O slides by Laura Watkins Word Origins by John Ayto *Amazon affiliate linkOnce Upon a Word by Jess Zafarris *Amazon affiliate linkBeneath the Surface of Words by Sue Scibetta Hegland *Amazon affiliate linkAnd Sometimes Y by Rachel *Amazon affiliate linkShort Vowel Protectors by Rachel *Amazon affiliate linkScience of Reading book list (compiled by Rachel and others)Contact Rachel on Twitter @TeachRachelSORcontact Rachel on IG @MindfulTeacherRachelcontact Rachel on TikTok @TeacherRachelSORSELour SCHWA episode with Rachel from last seasonBook a free call with us to tour our Patreon and see if it's right for you!Get Literacy Support through our PatreonCOME JOIN THE CONVERSATION!Our WebsiteFacebookInstagramOur PatreonShannon's TpT StoreSupport the show

Full Show Notes Here All About Jessica: Former elementary school teacher for 13 years, mostly in 1st grade Certified in reading grades K-12 Jessica learned about the science of reading in 2019 and although her heart sank with guilt at how she was initially teaching her students, she began to read and learn all she could about the science of reading.  Fast forward and she's now sharing Tik Tok phonics videos that help both teachers and parents learn about phonics so they can best teach their students and kids! Connect with Jessica Farmer: Tik Tok Instagram YouTube Facebook All About Orthographic Mapping: Orthographic Mapping is NOT an activity - it's something that happens in our brain.   Our brain is not hard-wired to read.  Because of this, we must create pathways and roads that help our brains learn how to read.  Orthographic Mapping pathways look a little like this:

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.13.528424v1?rss=1 Authors: Yan, X., Chen, J., Fu, Y., Wu, Y., Ku, Y., Cao, F. Abstract: Visual orthographic deficits have been reported as one of the core deficits in reading disability (RD), however, whether the deficits are orthographic-specific or domain general in all visual processing is still in debate. Hereby, we conducted an fMRI and an EEG study to examine visual orthographic deficits in Chinese adults with RD. In the fMRI study, we found that there was reduced brain activation in the left inferior temporal gyrus and right cuneus gyrus in orthographic processing (lexical minus perceptual), but not in visual perceptual processing (perceptual minus null) in adults with RD, suggesting orthographic-specific deficits. In the EEG study, adults with RD showed typical visual binding as indicated by intermodulation SSVEPs (steady-state visual-evoked potentials) for both real and pseudo characters, suggesting normal neural phase locking in the visual modality. These results consistently suggest orthographic specific deficits but normal visual perceptual processing in adults with RD, deepening our understanding of the underlying deficits associated with RD. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Shannon and Mary chat with Ann Geiger from The Measured Mom about how  readers orthographically stores words in their reading brains.  This episode follows our overview of the reading brain, where we talked about the reader's journey to whole word recognition and how reading teachers can help their readers bolt on the orthography to what students already know in spoken language and language comprehension.  In this episode, we go into greater detail about best practices to do in the classrooms to help your students gain this meaningful letter sequence storage.Episode Links for Resources mentioned:Dr. Linnea Ehri's List of Instructional Guidelines for Orthographic MappingWhy 3 Cueing is IneffectiveGrapheme DeckSight Words, Orthographic Mapping, Phonemic Awareness by Stephen ParkerISME tweet about Orthographic mappingVisual model showing morphology as a binding agent relating semantics, orthography, and phonology (J. Kirby and N. Bowers)How Orthographic Mapping Starts with Phonemic ProficiencySong for Kids about Orthographic MappingWord Mapping ToolReading in the Brain: The New Science of How We Read by Sanislas Dehaene *Amazon affiliate link, where we earn a small commission from your purchase*Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain by Maryanne Wolf *Amazon affiliate link*The Measured Mom on TwitterThe Measured Mom on InstagramThe Measured Mom's WebsiteThe Measured Mom's MembershipShannon's High Frequency Word Mapping resourcesCOME JOIN THE CONVERSATION!Our WebsiteFacebookInstagramShannon's TpT StoreSupport the show

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.11.09.515790v1?rss=1 Authors: Liu, Y.-F., Rapp, B., Bedny, M. Abstract: Blind readers use a tactile reading systems consisting of raised dot arrays: braille. How does the human brain implement reading by touch? The current study looked for signatures of reading-specific orthographic processes in braille, separate from low-level somatosensory responses and semantic retrieval. Of specific interest were responses in posterior parietal cortices (PPC), because of their role in high-level tactile perception. Congenitally blind, proficient braille readers read real words and pseudowords by touch while undergoing fMRI. We leveraged the system of contractions in English braille, where one or more braille cells can represent combinations of English print letters (e.g., "ing" is represented with one braille cell, "one" with two), making it possible to separate physical and uncontracted letter-length. All words in the study consisted of 4 braille cells, but their corresponding Roman spellings varied from 4 to 7 letters (e.g., "concert" is represented with 4 cells: "con","c","er", and "t", so its contracted length is 4 cells, whereas the uncontracted length is 7 letters). We found that the bilateral supramarginal gyrus (SMG) in the PPC increased its activity as the uncontracted word length increased. By contrast, in the hand region of primary somatosensory cortex (S1), activity increased as a function of a low-level somatosensory feature: dot-number per word. The PPC also showed greater response to pseudowords than real words and distinguished between real and pseudowords in multi-voxel-pattern analysis. Parieto-occipital, early visual and ventral occipito-temporal, as well as prefrontal cortices also showed sensitivity to the real-vs-pseudoword distinction. We conclude that PPC is involved in sublexical orthographic processing for braille, possibly due to braille's tactile modality. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

With so many “buzzwords” circling through the educational world, it's hard to keep them all straight. What do they mean? How is this different from what I'm already doing in the classroom? What type of activities do I need to be implementing in order for my students to be successful?  All of these questions can relate to the idea of orthographic mapping. Luckily, I have brought on guest Michelle Sullivan to help give us some insight on this topic. So in today's episode, we're discussing exactly what orthographic mapping is and why it is so crucial for your reading instruction. Michelle helps explain why this idea is so important for our students, for it's more than just having words stored in our brains. Orthographic mapping also has positive effects on reading comprehension and fluency. Beyond those, there are so many reasons why it's important, which Michelle helps breakdown for us throughout the episode.  Resources Mentioned: Monthly Writing Prompts Seasonal Phoneme Grapheme Mapping Boards Free Blending + Segmentation Boards High Frequency Words - Phonics Follow Michelle on Instagram Check out her blog Find so many resources at her TPT store SHOW NOTES: https://theliteracydive.com/episode101 Connect with me: Check out my TpT Store Subscribe to my E-mail list Instagram Posts Blog Posts Facebook Posts Watch my YouTube channel  If you are enjoying The Literacy Dive Podcast, please follow, leave a rating, and a helpful review! It is much appreciated and thank you for listening!

Join me and my guest, cartoonist Rosemary Mosco, author of The Pocket Guide to Pigeon Watching, for a look at one of Earth's greatest love affairs--human and pigeon. Not too long ago, pigeons were our darlings, and we were theirs, but now pigeons are just somebody that we used to know. What did we see in each other, what went wrong, and can we fall in love again? Rosemary Mosco brings back the magic. Her conversation, like her book, is freewheeling, informative, and super-cute. Reawaken your appreciation for this clever, loyal, and lovable friend. Learn everything you never knew you dearly wanted to know about the lowly pigeon, your true love bird, who's been right there at your feet all along.  Want to follow up on our sources or watch any of the videos we mention? Go to ThisAnimalLife.com and click on Show Notes or see below. SHOW NOTES: “Boomerang the racing pigeon returns to the owner who gave her away TEN years ago,” by David Wilkes, Daily Mail, June 2008. Bouget and Blanchon in “Pigeon is 80-year-old French pensioner's best friend,” Gulf News, June 14, 2021.  Carlen, Dr. Elizabeth, pigeon expert, her website. Cher Ami, the WWI hero, Wikipedia. Cher Ami and Major Whittlesy by Kathleen Rooney, Penguin/Random House, August 2020. “Homing Pigeons--Teach Your Birds to Come Home!” Standing Stone Kennels, YouTube, October 2019.  Mosco, Rosemary, The Pocket Guide to Pigeon Watching: Getting to Know the World's Most Misunderstood Bird: , Workman Publishing Company, October 2021. Palomacy Pigeon and Dove Adoptions Pigeons --and crop milk, Wikipedia. --and math, “Turns Out, Pigeons Are Just As Good As Monkeys When It Comes to Math,” NPR, December 2011. -- intelligence, “The Surprising Neuroscience of Pigeon Intelligence,” by Dr. Sebastian Ocklenburg, Psychology Today, July 2019. --in the movies, Pigeon Movie Database. --and pants, Pigeon pants on Etsy. --and reading ability, “Orthographic processing in pigeons” by Damian Scarf et al, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, September 2016. -- as term of endearment on Disney's 1955 Lady and the Tramp, YouTube clip. --and tail whistles, “Pigeon Whistles in Beijing,” 11 minutes of eerie sound, Mark Zuiderveld, YouTube, December 2017. --and tricks, Pigeon Trix YouTube Channel. --and wing clap, “Slow Motion Pigeon Clap,” BBC Earth Unplugged, YouTube, 2013 --and whistle wing alarm, “Pigeons sound a warning call--with their feathers,” Science Magazine, YouTube, November 2017. Pollan, Michael, The Botany of Desire: A Plant's-Eye View of the World. Random House, 2001. Renton, Alice, Biography of a Pigeon, Ivy Books 1988. “Trick/Task Fun Training a Pigeon,” starring Freckles, Pigeon Trix, YouTube April 8, 2021. Vaugh, Don, “Nikola Tesla's Weird Obsession with Pigeons,” Britannica.  

#046: Orthographic mapping is one of the key concepts in the science of reading, but it can feel a little confusing at first. It's all about how we read and remember words, and this episode breaks it down into easy-to-understand language. Share this 6-week podcast series with friends who want to learn more about the science of reading! Also check out our online course, Teaching Every Reader! It opens for enrollment on October 4, 2021. Get the details here.

The MEDUSA: 'Stockpiling' Inter-Elevational Memory Metal For Orthographic 'Borgs' (Ferrocell Rituals).

Linnea C. Ehri  Ph.D. is an American psychologist, currently Distinguished Professor Emerita of Educational Psychology at The Graduate Center of the City University of New York. Dr. Ehri received her B.S. in Psychology at the University of Washington in Seattle and her M.A. in Psychology at San Francisco University. She received her Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.  Prior to joining the faculty of The Graduate Center CUNY as a Distinguished Professor in 1991, Linnea was a professor at the University of California, Davis.    Linnea has served on editorial boards of nine scientific journals. She has published over 100 research papers and edited two books. Her studies have contributed to our understanding of psychological processes and sources of difficulty in learning to read and spell.She has received awards for distinguished research from the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading (SSSR), American Educational Research Association, International Reading Association, and National Reading Conference. She is a member of the Reading Hall of Fame, and past president of SSSR. She was a member of the National Reading Panel that was established by the U.S. Congress to evaluate evidence indicating effective methods of teaching reading. On this panel she chaired the committee that reviewed research on phonemic awareness instruction and systematic phonics instruction. Although Dr. Ehri has recently received Faculty Emeritus status, she continues to advise students and offer her expertise on literacy development and reading instruction.   Recent publications have examined the ways in which children and young adults learning orthographic mapping and spelling.This podcast is sponsored by Heggerty. The Heggerty curricula has 35 weeks of phonological and phonemic awareness lesson plans aligned to the science of reading. Systematic daily lessons require minimal teacher prep time and take just 10-12 minutes to complete. The Heggerty curricula is available in both English and Spanish, and it's being used by thousands of school districts across the US, Canada, and Australia. Learn more about the curricula, our intervention book, and decodable readers at heggerty.orgFurther Learning and Resources from Dr. Ehri Ehri, L.C. (2020). The science of learning to read words: A case for systematic phonics instruction. Reading Research Quarterly, 55(1), S45-S60. Special Issue: The Science of Reading: Supports, Critiques, and Questions.  Ehri, L. (1998). Research on learning to read and spell:  A personal-historical perspective.  Scientific Studies of Reading, 2, 97-114. Ehri, L. (2005). Development of sight word reading: Phases and findings. In M. Snowling & C. Hulme,(Eds.), The science of reading, a handbook (pp. 135-154). UK: Blackwell. Ehri, L.C. (2014). Orthographic mapping in the acquisition of sight word reading, spelling memory, and vocabulary learning. Scientific Studies of Reading, 18(1), 5–21.  Further Reading and Exploration Bhattacharya, A. & Ehri, L. (2004). Graphosyllabic analysis helps adolescent struggling readers read and spell words. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 37, 331-348. Boyer, N., & Ehri, L.C. (2011). Contribution of phonemic segmentation instruction with letters and articulation pictures to word reading and spelling in beginners. Scientific Studies of Reading, 15(5), 440–470. Chambré, S.J., Ehri, L.C., & Ness, M. (2020). Phonological decoding enhances orthographic facilitation of vocabulary learning in first graders. Reading and Writing, 33(5), 1133–1162.  Gaskins, I., Ehri, L., Cress, C., O'Hara, C., & Donnelly, K.  (1996). Procedures for word learning:  Making discoveries about words.  The Reading Teacher, 50, 312-327. Gonzalez-Frey, S.M., & Ehri, L.C. (2021). Connected phonation is more effective than segmented phonation for teaching beginning readers to decode unfamiliar words. Scientific Studies of Reading, 25(3), 272-285. Rosenthal, J. & Ehri, L. (2008). The mnemonic value of orthography for vocabulary learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100, 175-191. Sargiani, R., Ehri, L., & Maluf, M.R. (in press). Teaching beginners to decode consonant-vowel syllables using grapheme-phoneme subunits facilitates reading and spelling compared to teaching whole syllable decoding. Reading Research Quarterly. Shmidman, A. & Ehri, L. (2010). Embedded picture mnemonics to learn letters. Scientific Studies of Reading, 14, 159-182. Other works mentioned by Dr. Ehri Noam Chomsky Jeanne Chall Phonology and the Problems of Learning to Read and Write by Liberman and Shankweiler   Linnea's Picks The Winthrop Woman by Anya Seton A Promised Land by Barak Obama

Wait... did you hear that? *chirp chirp* Oh my God, they found us! Run! Jeremy isn't in this one so its 100%, non-stop John, and he talks about birds (government drones designed to fool the American people) for pretty much the whole time. If you're a fan of birds you're a sheep and will not enjoy this one. Got a question that needs answers? Email the boys at BoysOnTheCase@gmail.com Send us a question on our Speakpipe: https://www.speakpipe.com/boysonthecase Music: "These Boys are on the Case" by Jeremy K. Sources - BIRD PICTURES & FACTS: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/birds/ Orthographic processing in pigeons (Columba livia): https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/09/13/1607870113.full 10 bird facts that sound fake but are true: https://www.insider.com/interesting-bird-facts-2018-12#pigeons-can-recognize-human-faces-4 Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918: https://www.fws.gov/laws/lawsdigest/migtrea.html Federal Laws that Protect Bald and Golden Eagles: https://www.fws.gov/midwest/eagle/history/protections.html Proof that Birds are Just a Conspiracy to Fool the Public (REAL): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.07.14.202226v1?rss=1 Authors: Eisenhauer, S., Gagl, B., Fiebach, C. J. Abstract: The efficiency of reading, to a crucial extent, results from the fact that visual word recognition is faster in predictive contexts (like sentences or texts). This observation is consistent with predictive coding models, but it is so far not sufficiently understood which aspects of the rich set of linguistic representations that is activated during reading contribute to this context-dependent facilitation. Candidate representations are visual, orthographic, phonological, and/or lexical-semantic in nature. Our study investigates which representations contribute to efficient word recognition in predictive context with a well-controlled repetition priming paradigm, including words and pseudowords (i.e., pronounceable nonwords), that was combined with magnetoencephalography (MEG) measurements in human participants (both sexes). We used high-powered linear mixed modeling to test the hypothesis that context-dependent facilitation relies on the pre-activation of linguistic representations prior to perceiving the expected stimulus. Behavioral data from 49 participants indicate that word predictability (i.e., context present vs. absent) facilitated orthographic and lexical-semantic, but not visual or phonological processes. MEG data from 38 participants show sustained activation of orthographic and lexical-semantic codes in the interval between prime and target, i.e., before processing the predicted stimulus. Also, we found a positive correlation between these pre-activation effects and brain responses elicited when processing the expected letter string. Pre-activation was more stable across time in words than in pseudowords. These results suggest that readers use orthographic and lexical-semantic representations to actively predict upcoming words and that this predictive process is modulated by the presence of prior knowledge (in words as opposed to pseudowords). Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Orthographic inquiry is developing students’ critical thinking skills and that requires practice in asking guiding questions. Fiona Hamilton is the founder of wordtorque, located in Bangkok. She believes all educators deserve the opportunity to deepen their own understanding of English orthography. New insights will help each teacher, from K-12, be more effective in doing what […]

Today we speak about early signs and Orthographic Dyslexia with Amy Kelton, M.Ed. from Shelton School.Amy Kelton is Head of the Upper Elementary (3 rd -5 th grades) at The Shelton School and Evaluation Center in Dallas, TX. She is certified in Sequential English Education and the Association Method programs for the remediation of written language disorders, as well as advanced levels of Montessori Applied to Children at Risk. Amy holds a M.Ed. in Educational Leadership, Montessori-credentialed (E1) MACTE, is a Licensed Dyslexia Therapist(Texas), Certified Academic Language Therapist, and, most important to Amy, she has worked at the Shelton School for 24 years.The Shelton School is world renowned in working with children with learning differences, specifically dyslexia and related disorders of attention weaknesses, math weaknesses, oral language disorders and written expression weaknesses.The Shelton School is the largest school for children with learning differences in the world. Shelton has been a staple in the Dallas area for 42 years, since 1976.@SheltonSchool #sheltondallas #sheltonprideSupport the show (https://www.patreon.com/Empowerdyslexia)

Regular listeners will be acquainted with team Motherfoclóir member Gearóidín McEvoy by now – ex-translator, constitution buff, Lawyers for Choice volunteer, minority language rights champion, Scandi-phile, Laois woman. What you may not know is that Gearóidín is one of the thousands of Irish people with dyslexia. In this episode, she tells Darach all about dyslexia and Irish, school-life and how Irish was the first language that didn’t try to trick her. --- Contact the show at https://twitter.com/motherfocloir or email us at motherfocloir@headstuff.org.

Greetings, Captains! You’re listening to EPISODE 324 OF PRIORITY ONE: A RODDENBERRY STAR TREK PODCAST, your weekly report on all things Star Trek! Recorded LIVE on Thursday, June 29th, 2017 and available for download or streaming on Monday, July 3rd at PriorityOnePodcast.com! This week, we Trek Out the remaining exclusives that Entertainment Weekly scored on Star Trek Discovery, including the announcement of a very special someone sitting in the director's chair for an episode of the new series. In Star Trek Online news, we’re gearing up for the newly-announced Season 13.5, reviewing the new Kobayashi Maru event, and previewing the latest Featured Episode, with new voiceover from veteran Star Trek actor J.G. Hertzler. And to discuss some of these updates, we welcome Star Trek Online’s Executive Producer Stephen “Salami Inferno” Ricossa. And of course, before we wrap up the show, we'll open hailing frequencies for your incoming messages! TOPICS DISCUSSED Trek It Out More Discovery #TrekNuggets from Entertainment Weekly Jonathan Frakes to direct an episode of Star Trek: Discovery Star Trek: Discovery at San Diego Comic Con Star Trek Online News (Console) Multi-mission Explorer Mega Bundle (PC) Kobayashi Maru event roundup Orthographic images of the Kobayashi Maru (PC) Season 13.5 (PC) New Featured Episode “Brushfire” Interview with Stephen "Salami Inferno" Ricossa BE SURE TO VISIT OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL AND SUBSCRIBE TO THE PREMIER STAR TREK ONLINE PODCAST! Priority One Productions is always looking for new team members that have a passion for Star Trek. Please know that all of our positions are volunteer, but we do offer a well-known outlet for your work. If you have a skill that you believe could enhance our content, then send your contact information and experience along with a few writing samples to INCOMING@PRIORITYONEPODCAST.COM Did you miss any of our great Blogs last week? Stop by THIS LINK and see for yourself! How about our latest Video Release? You can also follow us on the social media sites! We’re on Facebook! Head over to WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/PRIORITYONEPODCAST and say, “Hi!” Or, Check us out on Twitter via @PRIORITYONEPOD for show times and other cool stuff. Liked this episode? Totally hated it? Leave a comment below or CONTACT US via our handy web form! Enjoy the show! Winters's Top Tip is underscored by: Hero Down Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Greetings, Captains! You're listening to EPISODE 324 OF PRIORITY ONE: A RODDENBERRY STAR TREK PODCAST, your weekly report on all things Star Trek! Recorded LIVE on Thursday, June 29th, 2017 and available for download or streaming on Monday, July 3rd at PriorityOnePodcast.com! This week, we Trek Out the remaining exclusives that Entertainment Weekly scored on Star Trek Discovery, including the announcement of a very special someone sitting in the director's chair for an episode of the new series. In Star Trek Online news, we're gearing up for the newly-announced Season 13.5, reviewing the new Kobayashi Maru event, and previewing the latest Featured Episode, with new voiceover from veteran Star Trek actor J.G. Hertzler. And to discuss some of these updates, we welcome Star Trek Online's Executive Producer Stephen “Salami Inferno” Ricossa. And of course, before we wrap up the show, we'll open hailing frequencies for your incoming messages! TOPICS DISCUSSED Trek It Out More Discovery #TrekNuggets from Entertainment Weekly Jonathan Frakes to direct an episode of Star Trek: Discovery Star Trek: Discovery at San Diego Comic Con Star Trek Online News (Console) Multi-mission Explorer Mega Bundle (PC) Kobayashi Maru event roundup Orthographic images of the Kobayashi Maru (PC) Season 13.5 (PC) New Featured Episode “Brushfire” Interview with Stephen "Salami Inferno" Ricossa BE SURE TO VISIT OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL AND SUBSCRIBE TO THE PREMIER STAR TREK ONLINE PODCAST! Priority One Productions is always looking for new team members that have a passion for Star Trek. Please know that all of our positions are volunteer, but we do offer a well-known outlet for your work. If you have a skill that you believe could enhance our content, then send your contact information and experience along with a few writing samples to INCOMING@PRIORITYONEPODCAST.COM Did you miss any of our great Blogs last week? Stop by THIS LINK and see for yourself! How about our latest Video Release? You can also follow us on the social media sites! We're on Facebook! Head over to WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/PRIORITYONEPODCAST and say, “Hi!” Or, Check us out on Twitter via @PRIORITYONEPOD for show times and other cool stuff. Liked this episode? Totally hated it? Leave a comment below or CONTACT US via our handy web form! Enjoy the show! Winters's Top Tip is underscored by: Hero Down Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

"Dr. Baker":http://web.missouri.edu/bakere/ interviews Dr. Ann Sharp about different explanations for spelling abilities.

orthographic view 正交视图 If none of the orthographic views works, you can use three-quarter view. 如果正交视图没有用，你可以使用四分之三侧视。 本节目由EA Game制作

Paul Emmons is an Associate Professor at the Washington-Alexandria Architecture Centre of Virginia Tech, where he coordinates the Ph.D. program in architecture. Dr. Emmons received a doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania in 2003. His research in architecture focuses on the imaginative role of diagrams and technical drawing in architectural design. This work has been presented at numerous scholarly conferences, including Costoza (Italy), Savannah (Georgia), Pennsylvania State University, University of Newcastle upon Tyne (England), Harvard University, and the Architectural Association (London). His work has been presented before the Society of Architectural Historians, the College Art Association, and the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture. Some of this work has appeared in publications, recently including the Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, the AA Files, and Body and Building (MIT Press). Dr. Emmons is a registered architect and maintains a small architectural practice following his earlier emphasis on practicing architecture after receiving a Master of Architecture degree from the University of Minnesota in 1986.

Transcript -- How to sketch views of an object.

How to sketch views of an object.

Transcript -- How to sketch views of an object.

How to sketch views of an object.