Podcasts about West Nile

Your Nebraska Update headlines for today, June 23, include: marijuana advocates remain frustrated by lack of progress launching state's voter-approved cannabis program one year after Nebraska Medical Marijuana Commission's first meeting, Nebraska reports its first human case of West Nile virus this season in north-central Nebraska, Omaha officials investigate new sinkhole that opened along future streetcar route in Blackstone District, South Fork Fire near Fort Robinson reaches 90% containment after burning nearly 40,000 acres, Lincoln nonprofit works to reduce waste by helping residents repair items instead of throwing them away, development of large-scale data centers is booming across the Midwest and South.

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D.  Guest: Stacey Rizza, M.D.  Although vector-borne illnesses can be acquired by travel to distant parts of the world, some can be acquired here in the U.S. As a result, these infections become pertinent to primary care clinicians as they can produce serious complications. When should we suspect a vector-borne illness in a patient? How do we distinguish it from other viral syndromes? What are some of the serious complications that can occur? In today's podcast, we'll be discussing three vector-borne illnesses including Zika virus, West Nile virus, and Dengue Fever. My guest is an infectious disease specialist, Dr. Stacey Rizza from the Mayo Clinic as we discuss “Vector-Borne Illnesses”.  Connect with us! Mayo Clinic Talks Podcast Season 6 | Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development 

U.S. President Donald Trump is praising the agreement struck with Iran, while at the same time admitting it could fall apart. A draft released by Washington shows they agreed to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, and release billions of dollars in frozen Iranian assets.Also: CBC gets rare access with the UN secretary general on a trip to Haiti. Canada is helping back an international force to help control the gangs that have roamed the streets of Port-Au-Prince.And: Mosquitoes in Canada are very rarely deadly. But that reality is changing with the climate. Already, the insects have brought in the West Nile virus and encephalitis. Researchers are now trying to find ways to fend off a mosquito that spreads yellow fever, dengue and Zika.Plus: MAID recommendations, a federal report on the Titan submersible, suspended citizenship, and more.

Maryland's humid climate drives a mosquito season from April through October, with real health risks like West Nile virus in play. Professional treatments, contractor vetting tips, and DIY prevention strategies are all covered here. To learn more, visit https://connorspestpros.com/bethesda-md-mosquito-control-top-exterminators-prices/ Connor's Pest Pros City: Springfield Address: 5410 Port Royal Rd Website: https://connorspestpros.com/contact/

Learn why professional mosquito control can reduce populations by up to 90%, protect your family from diseases like West Nile virus, and finally let you enjoy your outdoor spaces. Get practical tips and what to expect from expert treatment. Learn more at https://connorspestpros.com/sterling-va-mosquito-control-top-companies-costs/ Connor's Pest Pros City: Springfield Address: 5410 Port Royal Rd Website: https://connorspestpros.com/contact/

* Why did Governor Landry crack down on the New Orleans court system? Tyler Bridges, the chief political reporter for The Advocate, has the inside story; and we'll get the details. * West Nile was recently discovered in mosquitoes in New Orleans. We'll talk about what the disease is and how it spreads

West Nile was recently discovered in mosquitoes in New Orleans. Let's talk about what the disease is and how it spreads with Dr. Fred Lopez, Professor of Medicine in the Section of Infectious Diseases at LSU Health New Orleans

Mosquitoes are frequently called the world's deadliest insect. They kill more people every year than any other creature by spreading diseases like malaria, West Nile virus and Zika. In an effort to combat the disease carrying-bug in the U.S., Google is creating an army of sterile male mosquitoes by infecting them with bacteria. It's hoped that over time these mosquitoes will lower the population of mosquitoes that carry some illnesses. James Gallagher, BBC health and science correspondent, explains how the process works and the reasons Google is interested in this area of research. We also hear from Dorcas Wangira, a global health reporter, about the release of genetically modified mosquitoes in Djibouti. She explains why it's important to engage with local communities about the issue. Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: whatintheworld@bbc.co.uk WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producers: William Lee Adams and Stefania Okereke Editor: Verity Wilde

We give you an update on election results we're following in LA. Non-tenure-track faculty at USC have voted to unionize after more than a year of opposition and legal challenges from the university. Officials in Orange County have detected West Nile virus in mosquitos. Plus, more from Evening Edition. Support The L.A. Report by donating at LAist.com/join and by visiting https://laist.comSupport the show: https://laist.com

Lawmakers in Baton Rouge wrapped up the regular session this week without money in the budget to give teachers another one-time stipend, as they've done for the past three years. Instead, Gov. Jeff Landry is asking lawmakers to pull the money needed from existing school funding. WWNO and WRKF's education reporter Aubri Juhasz joins us for more on this topic. Summer is right around the corner, and that means it's mosquito season in our part of Louisiana. They're an annoyance, of course, but they're also a public health concern because mosquitoes are vectors for diseases like the West Nile virus.Kevin Caillouet, director & medical entomologist with the St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, tells us how to protect ourselves from mosquitoes while still being a good steward of the environment.How do you quantify the music economy in a city like Baton Rouge? Where does the data come from? Who do you ask? Those are the questions the Arts Council of Greater Baton Rouge pursued when it conducted the Baton Rouge Region Music Census. And they recently released a report detailing what they found out.Jonathan Grimes, President & CEO of Arts Council of Greater Baton Rouge, tells us what the findings revealed about the entertainment economy in the capital city. —Today's episode of Louisiana Considered was hosted by Adam Vos. Our managing producer is Alana Schreiber. We get production support from Garrett Pittman and our assistant producer, Aubry Procell.You can listen to Louisiana Considered Monday through Friday at noon and 7 p.m. It's available on Spotify, the NPR App and wherever you get your podcasts. Louisiana Considered wants to hear from you!Please fill out our pitch line to let us know what kinds of story ideas you have for our show. And while you're at it, fill out our listener survey! We want to keep bringing you the kinds of conversations you'd like to listen to.Louisiana Considered is made possible with support from our listeners. Thank you!

Pledge here! Just a dollar a month can help keep us alive! https://www.patreon.com/user?u=2652072&ty=h&u=2652072 EXCLUSIVE replays of hour plus long live shows are available here at $5 a month or more! GET 10% OFF ON SHILAJIT FROM DR. KAUFMAN WHEN YOU USE CODE WAM10 HERE: https://medauthentica.com/discount/WAM10?redirect=/products/authentica-shilajit%3Fsca_ref=10867124.wrNV3jkYSaMg9 GET YOUR APRICOT SEEDS at the life-saving Richardson Nutritional Center HERE: https://rncstore.com/r?id=bg8qc1 Use code JOSH to save money! GET HEIRLOOM SEEDS & NON GMO SURVIVAL FOOD HERE: https://heavensharvest.com/wam USE Code WAM to save 25% plus free shipping! USE Code WAM50 for 50% off on select items like the #10 cans & MRE packs! Josh Sigurdson reports on the plan by Google to release millions of genetically modified mosquitoes into California as well as Florida in order to "stop mosquito-borne diseases which absolutely no one is buying. Google's decade old program called the "Debug Initiative" plans to release 32 million Culex mosquitoes into California, targeting West Nile, Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, St. Louis Encephalitis and Yellow Fever. This is similar to past programs run via Bill Gates with what the government calls "flying syringes" meant to inject people with so-called "antidotes." In places like Africa where similar releases have been done, we've seen massive growths of dangerous illnesses. Absolutely no one trusts this initiative. The mosquitoes will be guided by AI and robotics. Yes, you read that right. Most people are missing that important point. This also seems to be happening at the same time as we see an explosion in Lone Star Ticks which cause people to have anaphylactic meat and dairy allergies which they call Alpha Gal Syndrome. In the 1960s, the US military interestingly weaponized Lone Star Ticks and dropped 270,000 of them into population centers. Since then, government whistleblowers have also come forward claiming they were paid to drop boxes of these ticks from helicopters into populated and wooded areas. With Martha's Vineyard alone seeing a 50% rate of Alpha Gal Syndrome, clearly this is a massive problem. Were these ticks engineered with neurotoxins? It also so happens that Bill Gates has been invested heavily in genetically modified ticks and the release of them under the guise of "stopping illnesses" while also funding the largest scale lab made meat initiatives which just happen to not negatively affect people with Alpha Gal Syndrome. So what's actually going on? From the mosquito release to Lyme Disease, from Lone Star Ticks to nanotech studied by Johns Hopkins, we delve into this extremely concerning issue which is hitting the United States and Canada hard right now. Stay tuned for more from WAM! BUY GOLD HERE: https://firstnationalbullion.com/schedule-consult/ Avoid CBDCs! HELP SUPPORT US AS WE DOCUMENT HISTORY HERE: https://gogetfunding.com/help-keep-wam-alive/# GET YOUR WAV WATCH HERE: https://buy.wavwatch.com/WAM Use Code WAM to save $100 and purchase amazing healing frequency technology! Get Your SUPER-SUPPLIMENTS HERE: https://vni.life/wam Use Code WAM15 & Save 15%! Life changing formulas you can't find anywhere else! Get local, healthy, pasture raised meat delivered to your door here: https://wildpastures.com/promos/save-20-for-life/bonus15?oid=6&affid=321 USE THE LINK & get 20% off for life and $15 off your first box! DITCH YOUR DOCTOR! https://www.livelongerformula.com/wam Get a natural health practitioner and work with Christian Yordanov! Mention WAM and get a FREE masterclass! You will ALSO get a FREE metabolic function assessment! PayPal: ancientwonderstelevision@gmail.com FIND OUR CoinTree page here: https://cointr.ee/joshsigurdson PURCHASE MERECHANDISE HERE: https://world-alternative-media.creator-spring.com/ JOIN US on SubscribeStar here: https://www.subscribestar.com/world-alternative-media For subscriber only content! BITCOIN ADDRESS: 18d1WEnYYhBRgZVbeyLr6UfiJhrQygcgNU World Alternative Media 2026

Mosquitos are finding a way to survive the Phoenix's extreme heat. How much of a threat is West Nile in the desert? Plus, we'll hear from a Vatican astronomer with ties to Arizona.

Sons Of Liberty Radio with Bradlee Dean Fauci's Telling You To "Mask Up" - People, You Need To Learn To Say "No!" Defying the "Theater of Fear": Liberty, Law, and the Rejection of Mandates Sons of Liberty: The Masking Theater Analysis of political hypocrisy, the "Hantavirus" narrative, and constitutional resistance. EDITORIAL MODE Core Thesis "They will always do with whatever you let them get away with. Government by intimidation is the original definition of terrorism." The "Fear Cycle" Timeline 2002 West Nile 2003 SARS 2005 Bird Flu 2009 Swine Flu 2014 Ebola 2020 COVID2026 Hantavirus? Key Argument: Hantavirus The speaker claims "Hanta" in Hebrew slang translates to "nonsense," "lie," or "scam." Argues that Fauci is pushing masks again because his statute of limitations for previous actions has expired. The Hypocrisy Index Mayor Steven Adler (Austin) Told residents to "stay home" via Facebook video while vacationing in Cabo San Lucas. Gov. Gretchen Whitmer Ordered businesses to deny service to non-compliant customers. Mayor Eric Garcetti (LA) Threatened to shut off water and electricity for non-compliance. Chris Cuomo (CNN) Caught maskless at a restaurant while criticizing others for the same. #ConstitutionalLiberty #AntiTyranny #FauciExposed Source: Sons of Liberty Radio (2026-05-13) Overview In this broadcast of Sons of Liberty, host Bradley Dean critiques what he terms "political theater"—the perceived hypocrisy of government officials regarding COVID-19 mandates and the emergence of new health warnings. The program calls for a return to Christian foundational principles, constitutional accountability for leaders, and a rejection of "government by intimidation". Detailed Summary 1. Political Hypocrisy and the "Theater" of Mandates The broadcast opens by highlighting numerous instances where public officials allegedly violated the same mask and social distancing mandates they imposed on the public. Examples cited include the D.C. Mayor exempting lawmakers from mask orders, the Governor of Michigan's strict business restrictions, and the Mayor of Los Angeles threatening to cut off utilities for non-compliance. The host argues that these actions are not about public health but are a form of "political theater" designed to test the public's level of submission. Further hypocrisy is noted in the private actions of officials, such as the Mayor of Austin vacationing in Mexico after telling residents to stay home, and media figures like Chris Cuomo being seen without masks in public settings. The Cycle of "National Emergencies" (1960s–2020s) The broadcast identifies a recurring pattern of fear-based narratives used to maintain public control: 1980s-90s: AIDS, War in Lebanon, Gulf War, Y2K. 2000s: Anthrax (2001), West Nile (2002), SARS (2003), Bird Flu (2005). 2010s: Swine Flu (2009), Ebola (2014), ISIS (2015), Zika (2016). 2020s: Coronavirus and the current "Hantavirus" warnings. Source: Segment 103-105 2. The "Hantavirus" Narrative and Historical Precedents A significant portion of the discussion focuses on Anthony Fauci's recent calls for renewed masking and social distancing in response to "Hantavirus." Dean dismisses this as "nonsense," claiming the Hebrew etymology of the word "Hanta" translates to a "lie" or "scam". The program suggests that these health scares are distractions from other issues, such as legal cases involving pedophilia or government mismanagement. To support the claim of government untrustworthiness, the show references historical "spraying" operations where the US government allegedly tested biological agents on domestic populations, such as Operation LAC and the St. Louis tests. 3. Legal Accountability and Moral Decay The host addresses what he perceives as a breakdown in the rule of law, specifically regarding the release of violent criminals from prisons in Wisconsin and California. This is framed as a betrayal of public safety and a form of "treason," which Dean notes is punishable by death under federal law. Additionally, the program critiques the influence of LGBTQ+ advocacy in schools and the "lawlessness" of judges who fail to uphold biblical standards of justice. The argument is made that "soft judges produce hardened criminals" and that the only solution is a spiritual "rebirth" and a return to the "Christian ethic" upon which the nation was founded. Historical Biological Testing on Citizens Operation Location/Method Operation LAC Zinc cadmium sulfide sprayed over the Midwest (1957). NYC Subway Bacteria-filled lightbulbs smashed on tracks (1966). Big Buzz Yellow fever mosquitoes dropped over Georgia (1955). Documented via AI-retrieved historical data 66-74] 4. The Call to "Stand Against" The broadcast concludes with a call to action for "American Christian patriots." Drawing on quotes from Founding Fathers like Roger Sherman and military leaders like Henry Knox, Dean emphasizes that freedom is born from "armed resistance to tyranny". He argues that the church must move from a defensive posture to an offensive one, refusing to comply with unconstitutional orders and holding leaders like Anthony Fauci personally accountable for their roles in recent global events. Key Data 33,000: The number of criminal illegal aliens allegedly released back onto streets in California. 74%: The cited recidivism rate, attributed to a lack of legal consequences and "soft" judicial enforcement. 59: Artillery pieces transported by Henry Knox to break the British siege of Boston, used as an example of historical resolve. $30 Billion: The amount of alleged fraud mentioned in relation to Minnesota state officials. To-Do / Next Steps Subscribe to the afternoon and morning shows via the official website to stay informed. Visit the online store to purchase "Children of the Apostate" and other pertinent literature. Refuse to comply with any new mandates regarding masks or social distancing. Contact the organization to schedule community events with Bradley Dean. Join the Sons of Liberty for Sunday morning services live on Rumble. Conclusion The document serves as a stark warning against the "perpetual state of fear" maintained by the government. It posits that true liberty requires a combination of biblical adherence, historical awareness, and an uncompromising refusal to accept "political theater" as legitimate authority.

Advances in immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis and related disorders have increased the risk of infections and raised important questions about vaccination efficacy. This episode reviews infection risks across treatment classes, emphasizes the importance of monitoring and patient education, and discusses optimal vaccine timing to preserve protective immune responses. In this episode, Aaron L. Berkowitz, MD, PhD, FAAN, speaks with Avindra Nath, MBBS, FAAN, coauthor of the article "Infection Risk and Vaccine Considerations in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders" in the Continuum® April 2026 Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders issue. Dr. Berkowitz is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a professor of neurology in the Department of Neurology at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, California. Dr. Nath is the chief of the Section of Infections of the Nervous System at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, in Bethesda, Maryland Additional Resources Read the article: Infection Risk and Vaccine Considerations in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @AaronLBerkowitz Full episode transcript available here Dr Berkowitz: Over the last decades, there has been a revolution in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and other immune-mediated neurologic conditions with countless new, highly effective medications. However, with every new treatment comes new risks; and in the case of immunomodulatory therapy, many of those risks relate to infection. Today, I have the privilege of talking with an expert on this topic, Dr Avindra Nath, about the infectious risks of treatments for multiple sclerosis and other immune-mediated neurologic disorders.  Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast.  Dr Berkowitz: This is Dr Aaron Berkowitz, and today I'm interviewing Dr Avi Nath about his article on vaccine considerations and infection risk in multiple sclerosis and related disorders, which he coauthored with Dr Amit Bar-Or. This article appears in the April 2026 Continuum issue on multiple sclerosis. Welcome to the podcast, Dr Nath, and could you please introduce yourself to our audience?  Dr Nath: Thanks very much for inviting me to this podcast. I'm absolutely delighted to have the opportunity to discuss our areas of interest and expertise related to infections and vaccinations for MS patients. My area has been studying the infections of the nervous system since the beginning of the AIDS pandemic, and over the years and decades, we've developed expertise related to various types of CNS infections. That includes ones that are developing in individuals who have immune compromise due to a variety of different reasons. Dr Berkowitz: Fantastic. Well, glad to have the opportunity to speak with you today. When I was in medical school---and you were my attending, actually, we were just reminiscing, which we probably think was not that long ago, but is now over twenty years ago---there were just two medications for MS, right? Beta interferon and glatiramer acetate. And now we have over a dozen, and it's amazing to think of all the progress in these last two decades, as well as for related diseases like NMO. I don't think we even had the aquaporin-four biomarker, right, when I was working with you as a med student in the early 2000s. Dr Nath: And that certainly dates me a lot.  Dr Berkowitz: Both of us.  Dr Nath: Yeah.  Dr Berkowitz: Of course, with all these new treatments, these have been amazing advances for our patients, right? But these come with new treatment-related risks to monitor for with the immunomodulatory medications for MS and related disorders. And one of those most important risks is that of infection. So, your article reviews the potential infectious complications of medications used to treat MS, NMO, etc, and also covers considerations related to thinking about vaccines in this patient population. So, as the MS treatment landscape grows, I can say as a general neurologist, keeping up with all these medications and what to screen for and what to worry about and when to vaccinate just becomes more challenging every year. And your article has so many helpful tables, some organized by medicine, some organized by- sorry, medication, some organized by infection, some by vaccines. So, this is gonna be a great resource for our providers to print out and tape up in their clinic rooms. We won't be able to get into all the depth and detail that you have in this article today, but I do want to focus on some of the key points here related to the common medications we use for MS and which infections to think about and which vaccine considerations we might need to keep in mind for these medications. But before we delve into the drugs, I just wanna ask you more broadly, you talk in the article about the challenge of patients with immune-mediated diseases who are on immunomodulatory therapy being at risk for both flares of their disease and for infections; and these infections can present somewhat atypically, right, in immunomodulated hosts, to maybe coin a term you can correct me on, because they can't mount the full inflammatory response. So how do you approach new symptoms in patients on these immunomodulatory medicines as far as distinguishing disease flare from a treatment-related infection?  Dr Nath: So, I have to say that although a lot of new treatments have come along for MS, and they've really, you know, improved the outcome tremendously and there are so many different options, it has also kept people like me relevant because they cause a lot of various types of infections, and so keeps me in business all the same. But just as you mentioned, there's so many of them, even I have difficulty keeping track of what does what. So, you do need to be able to refer back to published literature, and the tables, I hope, will be quite useful in that regard. You're absolutely right, and you can get new infections, you can get reactivation of existing infections, and you can get atypical presentations of various types of infections that you may not normally think of. So that presents multiple challenges to the treating physician. The other interesting thing about MS is, just as you mentioned, that you already have CNS lesions to begin with. Now, on top of it, you have an infection, so now how to sort out what is the existing disease and what is the infection, it can again become challenging. But one thing is for sure: all these infections are caused by an organism. So, what you really need to do is, the underlying diagnostic is to demonstrate the presence of the organism. Whether you demonstrate it depending on the infection in the spinal fluid or in the brain or, you know, some peripheral organ system, that is going to be key to making the diagnosis. So, all your clinical acumen is good, but that alone may not be sufficient. Dr Berkowitz: Very good. So, when you see a, a patient now who has a new neurologic symptom in the context of an immune-mediated disease who's on immunomodulatory therapy, what goes through your mind? Are you thinking this disease and this drug, and sort of what are the infections, and does the syndrome match? Or are you thinking, you know, you can't always rely on the imaging to distinguish between, say, a flare of an MS and PML because white matter lesions could look similar? How do you sort of approach this scenario when it comes up?  Dr Nath: So, you're right. You have to keep an open mind so that even though you know some infections are more likely to occur with certain types of medications, that doesn't mean that others cannot occur. So, I think when you first see the patient, you should not jump to conclusions, but rather have an open mind. But yes, for example, your patient is on natalizumab, the chances of PML are going to be high. It's a very interesting drug. It does not cause immune compromise in the periphery, but what it's doing is preventing these cells from getting into the brain. So, because then it's acting at the blood-brain barrier. So that means that organisms that are already present in the brain have an opportunity to get reactivated. Turns out you don't have a lot of organisms in the brain, except JC virus seems to be one of them that does somehow, in some individuals, manage to reside out there. And so that can get reactivated. It can get reactivated in the periphery and then enter the brain, too. So, where the very specific mutations have to occur in that virus in order to take residence in the brain. That would be a suspicion that you might have, and MRI can be useful in, again, helping you think about that possibility. If you have typical lesions involving the U fibers, they're demyelinating, usually you do not have much edema around them because patient is immune compromised, but certainly within the brain in these individuals. And so, then you need to demonstrate the organism. The demonstration of the organism should be in the spinal fluid and not in the blood because in the virus, it can-- is reservoir in the kidneys and in the lymph nodes, and periodically it'll shed into the blood. Detection of the organism in the blood can be a false positive, but in the spinal fluid, it shouldn't be there unless you have an infection. Or if you cause a traumatic tap, I guess, if a patient is viremic, that's a possibility, but those are extremely rare. So at least for PML, that's the way that you would diagnose it. Now, you can develop, for example, if an individual is on fingolimod, you can get a wide variety of infections. Here it's a totally different type of mechanism of action. Here the cells are trapped within the lymph nodes, so that means now your entire periphery is immune compromised, right?  So here you can get viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections. So here, if a patient presents with new neurological symptoms, you have to have a really open mind for all these possibilities. Now, let's say a patient was on dimethyl fumarate, and dimethyl fumarate causes neutropenia early on. So here you have to worry about an individual developing bacterial infections, so latent tuberculosis or bacterial meningitis can occur in these individuals. That's something to keep in mind. It's not that other infections cannot occur with dimethyl fumarate, you can see PML and other things too, but the chances of bacterial infections are greater. So, you got to make sure that you draw all the cultures for that purpose. Similarly, if you're on a complement inhibitor, like a C5 inhibitor or the thing that I could use in NMO, there are the chances of meningococcal meningitis. So, these patients, you need to prevaccinate them before you start these kinds of treatments and look for that possibility. When you suspect bacterial infections, particularly acute bacterial meningitis, there time is of essence. Also, in some of the acute viral infections, for example---herpes encephalitis is another one---you have to be so careful, and if you suspect any of them, even if they're with possibly atypical manifestations, you treat first and then diagnose later, and draw all your cultures, whatever you need to, and just treat them. And these infections can also cause cerebral edema, so one has to be careful about doing spinal taps in these individuals. You want some kind of neuroimaging before you do them. In the days when we didn't have neuroimaging, we used to say, "Okay, if your patient has focal neurological signs or is comatose, you don't do it." But these days, you can get imaging very quickly and very easily. All the-- Because of our stroke management, we've learned how to do them so quickly. So, I think there's little excuse not to do imaging and prevent herniation from occurring.  Dr Berkowitz: That's very helpful. So, using the information we know about the drug, and we're going to rapid-fire review some of that in a bit to know what infections the patient is susceptible to, but acknowledging that any patient can get any infection, right? Whether they're on particular medications or not. And then if you're not sure, based on the neuroimaging, which as you said, is helpful, but not always helpful in distinguishing between infections and flares or, as you said, in the case of meningitis, encephalitis, early on at least, especially in immunocompromised or immunomodulated, quote unquote, patient might not see the typical imaging. So really, when safe, getting CSF or cultures, PCRs, and other infectious studies too is really gonna be the definitive diagnostic maneuver here. Is that fair summary across the board?  Dr Nath: I think you said that absolutely right. And you summarized that correctly. And, you know, thing about infection, a lot of neurological diseases are, you know, diagnosed by clinical acumen, like your Parkinson's and Alzheimer's and others. Think about infections is caused by an organism, demonstrate the organism, right? That should be your goal. It doesn't mean that clinical acumen is not important, but here you have an opportunity to demonstrate the organism, so you should depend upon that.  Dr Berkowitz: Okay. Well, you gave us a nice segue by talking about some of the infections to worry about with some of the medications. So what I'd like to do now for the sort of second half of our interview here is to go through some of the more common medications used for MS, and if we have time, for NMO, and just sort of go kind of rapid fire here, and for each medication, if you can tell us the kind of top infectious concerns and whether when to consider them or what screening needs to take place before or during administration of the medication, and then any vaccine considerations we should be aware of. Some of these will obviously be quite short depending on the medicine. So, going back to the two medications I alluded to earlier that were the only ones in play when you and I last saw each other on the wards when I was a medical student, beta interferon, glatiramer acetate, any infections or vaccine considerations with these medications?  Dr Nath: No, I think they're probably your safest medications now as far as immunomodulatory therapies are concerned. These two, and IVIG, if you ever use them, are probably the safest, do not require any vaccine considerations, per se. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. Okay. So, moving on to fingolimod and others in the sphingosine-one phosphate receptor modulator family, what are the infectious considerations? Any prescreening or vaccination considerations?  Dr Nath: I think all your patients should be prescreened for antibodies to JC virus, because there is a risk for PML, and those who are positive should be closely monitored. So, it's not an absolute contraindication for using these medications, but they just require closer monitoring. With this class of drugs, PML is of consideration. Also, these varicella-zoster virus infection, yeah, with that you can develop zoster encephalitis or myelitis. It can present with motor symptoms as well, which can be atypical. You don't usually see them otherwise in immune-competent individuals. So, varicella-zoster, sometimes you can develop encephalitis, also vasculitis with varicella-zoster, so one has to be careful. So, getting the shingles vaccine can be actually very helpful to prevent these things. And then some patients can even develop herpes simplex encephalitis also, and that can be extremely atypical. So, they don't- they can involve the basal ganglia, can involve the brain stem and cerebellum. So again, your index of suspicion should be very high. Interestingly, although HSV encephalitis has been associated with NMDA receptor encephalitis, those reports of NMDA receptor encephalitis have not been published yet with NMS patients. Not sure why, maybe they just have been missed. But that doesn't seem to be a major concern. And then there are a whole host of other infections that can occur with this class of drugs, and that can include toxo; fungal infections, particularly crypto. There's a case report of histoplasmosis; hepatitis virus, particularly hepatitis C; and then the poxvirus is a good example. You can get molluscum contagiosum; warts with papillomavirus; you can get atypical mycobacteria; and even Kaposi sarcoma, which is HHV8. So, there's a huge variety of infections with the sphingosine one phosphate receptor modulators.  Dr Berkowitz: And any- aside from screening for JC virus before initiating these, any- and then continuing to monitor for JC antibody index, any other considerations as far as labs to send, monitoring before or on the drug or vaccine considerations for patients on fingolimod and the others in this category, siponimod, etcetera?  Dr Nath: Yeah, there are a lot of things to consider. All the details are really available in the chapter if you look at them. But briefly, all the things that one could potentially vaccinate patients for, all these infections I mentioned, one should do so. The timing is critical so that if you can do it before treatment, I think, before starting treatment, that is absolutely important. And you got to give them at least, you know, two to three weeks for these vaccines to take effect before starting your medication. If your patient already arrives on a medication, then you got to play this game of you know, before the next dose, give them again two to three weeks before the next dose and start vaccinating them and get all the vaccines in. Broadly, about the things to worry about the vaccines are you have live vaccines, and you've got the inactivated vaccines or the subunit vaccines. You have to be careful with live vaccines, because if your patient is immunocompromised, that virus can sometimes itself cause harm. For example, you know, yellow fever is one, and there you can develop encephalitis from it. Measles, mumps, rubella, these are all live vaccines. Now, the good thing is that a lot of us have been immunized very early in childhood, but that may not be the case any longer. And so, these things, one has to be very careful with when you're giving live vaccines, that we want to avoid them as much as possible, and individuals are gonna be immune-compromised. But all the others, meningococcus, for example, you should- the HPV vaccines, the varicella zoster vaccines, all these things, you've got to pre-vaccinate and make sure that they have an antibody response to them before starting immunocompromising therapy. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. Okay, moving on to some of the other orals. What infectious and/or vaccine considerations do we have with teriflunomide?  Dr Nath: Okay, yeah. Teriflunomide is a very interesting drug. It's relatively safe. There is concern about the possibility of varicella zoster infection, people have reported that, and also tuberculosis. But PML is extremely rare, if not at all, and we haven't seen herpes encephalitis quite yet.  Dr Berkowitz: Got it. How about dimethyl fumarate? Dr Nath: Yeah. So dimethyl fumarate is... as I mentioned earlier, it's interesting because it causes this neutropenia. It's transient, but it occurs early on, and these patients can be at risk of PML, although small. They can develop varicella zoster virus infection, herpes encephalitis, and also fungal infections. For example, cryptococcal infection has been reported with dimethyl fumarate. Dr Berkowitz: Okay. We've spoken a bit about natalizumab and PML, and you have extensive information on this in your article, and I'll defer the reader to that. But for natalizumab, what are the key points every neurologist should know about natalizumab and PML as far as from the practical perspective, screening, frequency of screening, when to worry, when to not use natalizumab at all in the first place based on what you find in your screening for JC virus? What are the key points every neurologist should know?  Dr Nath: Uh, yes. You bring up an important point, and that is all patients should be monitored for JC virus. If they're JC virus-negative, so that's your most ideal patient to go on natalizumab, but that doesn't mean they cannot get infected with the virus. In fact, there's an interesting study claiming that, you know, patients, when they get these infusions, they're all sitting in the same room getting infused. Some have JC virus, some don't have JC virus, and so there's the potential that we may be aiding the transmission here in some way or another. The virus is an interesting one. It comes out in urine, and then it's spread through oral contamination, gets into the tonsils, and then spreads from there to your marrow and resides in the kidney and the marrow, as well as the lymph nodes, forever. So, you, you have to monitor these patients to see that during the course, even if they're negative, they could turn out positive. So, every six months or a year, an antibody test should be done on all patients irrespective. If a patient already has antibodies, that's not an absolute contraindication. It just means you've got to monitor them closely for development of new symptoms, and if, whenever there are new symptoms, don't just assume this is due to MS, but just make sure the MRI is done with and without contrast. The- and if there's still a suspicion, that you do a CSF evaluation for JC virus. Just detecting, looking for JC virus in the blood, a rising titer is another thing that can help you. And so, the titer is also important. And the reason you have rising titers is it means that there's an infection that's already occurred in the brain, and the immune system is reacting to that infection by increasing titers. But that alone is not sufficient to make the diagnosis. You still- that gives you an index of suspicion. You've got to then do the MRI and the spinal tap to, you know, be absolutely certain. So, each patient is a little bit different, so the way you monitor them is going to depend on where they are. You know, if they've had prior immunomodulatory therapy before starting natalizumab, or if they're on natalizumab for more than two years, then the chances of PML are much greater, so you may want to monitor them more closely. Uh, they never had any prior immunomodulatory therapy, you're just starting natalizumab, maybe once a year is sufficient. So, I think you've got to tailor it depending on what your risks are for each patient. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. That's very helpful. And again, you write extensively about PML and natalizumab and PML considerations in your article. So, for a more detailed and in-depth discussion of what we just discussed, definitely hope readers will take a look at your article. Okay. Last but not least---certainly not least, 'cause we're using these probably, it seems, the most commonly in many places I've worked---rituximab, ocrelizumab are B-cell therapies for MS. What are some of the infectious and vaccine considerations related to these infusion medications?  Dr Nath: So, there's concern for PML with anti-B-cell therapies also, maybe not to the same degree as natalizumab, but the same principles should be applied. A lot of people think that these are relatively safe. I don't think so. I think we see enough number of patients on B-cell therapies with PML. So, I would use the same caution because these infections are... you know, can be fatal. So, one should be very careful, even with anti-B-cell therapies. And just with natalizumab, you also have the risk of VZV infection causing shingles. HSV1 has been reported, but there's another interesting complication that has been reported with anti-B-cell therapies, and that is severe West Nile encephalitis. And as mosquitoes-borne diseases are getting more and more prevalent, and we're seeing West Nile cases erupting every summer, I think one's got to be, you know, very cognizant of the fact that this can occur. These patients should take precautions to prevent mosquito bites from occurring and not expose themselves to areas where they could be at risk for it. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for it and no specific treatment for West Nile. So, all one can do is use prevention strategies for mosquito bites.  Dr Berkowitz: Yeah, I'm glad you mentioned that. I think the only really truly severe neuroinvasive cases I've seen of West Nile virus have indeed been in patients who were being treated with B-cell therapy. Not, if I'm remembering correctly, for immune-mediated disease, but for a lymphoma, so probably other confounding factors there. But yeah, it's a disease we learn about and think about, but I've only seen the most severe cases in patients who had abnormal immune systems, so I'm glad you flagged that. This has been a very helpful discussion, and I've learned a lot from you. I learned a lot from your article, just as I did when you were my attending some 20-something years ago on the wards when I was a medical student. So, it's good to continue learning from you through your writing and research, and today from getting to talk to you again. I encourage our readers to read your article and to bookmark those tables for when these considerations come up for your patients on these immunomodulatory therapies and you're wondering which infections to worry about and how to manage vaccines in this patient population. So again, today I've been interviewing Dr. Avi Nath about his article on vaccine considerations and infection risk in multiple sclerosis and related disorders, which he wrote with Dr. Amit Bar-Or. This article appears in the April 2026 Continuum issue on multiple sclerosis. Be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues, and thank you again to our listeners for joining today.  Dr Nath: Thank you so much, Aaron, for that wonderful interview, and I'm extremely proud of all your accomplishments over the last 20 years. You've done an amazing job, and it was such a pleasure to see you and to be able to do this interview with you. Thank you again.  Dr Berkowitz: Thanks. That means a lot. I never would have imagined- we won't say 20, how many, but 20-something years ago as the medical student looking up to you and all your expertise on these infections and all of your research that led to so much of our understanding on these, that I would find myself interviewing you two decades later. So, for all the students listening, you never know where you'll end up, but I appreciate your very kind words.  Dr Nath: That's what we hope for all our students. Thank you so much.  Dr Berkowitz: Thanks again.  Dr Monteith: This is Dr. Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

Discover why Durham's mosquito season is so intense and what families can do about it. From health risks like West Nile virus to practical prevention tips, we break down everything you need to know about protecting your outdoor space this season. Scott's Turf and Pest Services | Durham, NC City: Hillsborough Address: 2400 Old Oak Pl Website: https://scottsturfandpestservices.com/

Ticks & Stars 4/16/26: Immunologist Dr Jonathan Bayuk: flu, measles, covid, Lyme, EEE & West Nile. “Young@Heart Meets Y@H NYC:” local stars Bob Cilman & Sonya Nieto w/ NYC stars Evette Mercedes, Patrick McCarthy & Wayne Brockman. MTA Pres Max Page: the House budget just dropped. “An All-Star Klezmer Evening” w/ Jake Shulman-Ment & Ira Temple. Gld Recorder & DHG Ex Ed Dan Crowley: breaking news, overrides & Hampshire Coll closing.

Ticks & Stars 4/16/26: Immunologist Dr Jonathan Bayuk: flu, measles, covid, Lyme, EEE & West Nile. “Young@Heart Meets Y@H NYC:” local stars Bob Cilman & Sonya Nieto w/ NYC stars Evette Mercedes, Patrick McCarthy & Wayne Brockman. MTA Pres Max Page: the House budget just dropped. “An All-Star Klezmer Evening” w/ Jake Shulman-Ment & Ira Temple. Gld Recorder & DHG Ex Ed Dan Crowley: breaking news, overrides & Hampshire Coll closing.

Ticks & Stars 4/16/26: Immunologist Dr Jonathan Bayuk: flu, measles, covid, Lyme, EEE & West Nile. “Young@Heart Meets Y@H NYC:” local stars Bob Cilman & Sonya Nieto w/ NYC stars Evette Mercedes, Patrick McCarthy & Wayne Brockman. MTA Pres Max Page: the House budget just dropped. “An All-Star Klezmer Evening” w/ Jake Shulman-Ment & Ira Temple. Gld Recorder & DHG Ex Ed Dan Crowley: breaking news, overrides & Hampshire Coll closing.

Ticks & Stars 4/16/26: Immunologist Dr Jonathan Bayuk: flu, measles, covid, Lyme, EEE & West Nile. “Young@Heart Meets Y@H NYC:” local stars Bob Cilman & Sonya Nieto w/ NYC stars Evette Mercedes, Patrick McCarthy & Wayne Brockman. MTA Pres Max Page: the House budget just dropped. “An All-Star Klezmer Evening” w/ Jake Shulman-Ment & Ira Temple. Gld Recorder & DHG Ex Ed Dan Crowley: breaking news, overrides & Hampshire Coll closing.

Ticks & Stars 4/16/26: Immunologist Dr Jonathan Bayuk: flu, measles, covid, Lyme, EEE & West Nile. “Young@Heart Meets Y@H NYC:” local stars Bob Cilman & Sonya Nieto w/ NYC stars Evette Mercedes, Patrick McCarthy & Wayne Brockman. MTA Pres Max Page: the House budget just dropped. “An All-Star Klezmer Evening” w/ Jake Shulman-Ment & Ira Temple. Gld Recorder & DHG Ex Ed Dan Crowley: breaking news, overrides & Hampshire Coll closing.

Guest: Dr. Aitor Aguirre is an Associate Professor at Michigan State University and Director of the Stem Cell Core. In this episode, he discusses how his lab uses pluripotent stem cells and cardiac organoids to model human heart development and disease. He highlights the role of self-organization and bioengineering in building complex heart models, including assembloids with immune and neural components, and their applications in studying conditions like atrial fibrillation. He also shares perspectives on open science, collaboration, and training the next generation of scientists. Featured Products and Resources: Get a free wallchart on the directed differentiation of hPSCs. Explore STEMCELL Technologies’ collection of technical videos and webinars on neurological disease modeling. The Stem Cell Science Round Up Modeling West Nile Encephalitis – Human cerebral organoids effectively model West Nile virus encephalitis and its associated neuronal damage and inflammation. New Therapy for Leigh Syndrome – Researchers identified sildenafil as a potential treatment for Leigh syndrome. Epigenetic Landscapes of Breast Cancer – Patient-derived organoids reveal epigenetic subtypes of breast cancer, including a metastasis-specific group. Unexpected Totipotency in Hofstenia – Hofstenia embryos retain surprising totipotency and plasticity despite early fate-specifying cleavage. Photo Reference: Courtesy of Dr. Aitor Aguirre Subscribe to our newsletter! Never miss updates about new episodes. Subscribe

A grouse doesn't need a “perfect wilderness” to thrive. It needs the right kind of forest, at the right stage, with the right cover in the right places. From the Toronto Sportsman Show, we sit down with Derek from the Rough Grouse Society of Canada to talk about what ruffed grouse habitat really is, why early successional forest is disappearing in parts of Ontario, and how practical habitat restoration can bring it back on public land.We get into the on-the-ground details that hunters, birders, and landowners care about: how logging can mimic natural disturbance, why regenerating mixed woods beat “aging tree museums,” and what volunteer projects look like when you're working with chainsaws, pruners, seedlings, and sweat. Derek breaks down food and cover plantings, brush piles for nesting security, and the surprising importance of a drumming log for spring breeding. We also unpack predator pressure, West Nile concerns, and the real cost of missing wildlife monitoring data like drumming counts.Along the way, we swap field stories about grouse behavior, including fall drumming and “crazy flight,” the short window when young males disperse and can end up smashing into windows. We also share chaga tea testimonials from a listener, plus a simple way to try chaga products with a discount code.If you care about ruffed grouse conservation, forest habitat management, biodiversity, and hands-on outdoor stewardship in Ontario, this conversation is a roadmap. Subscribe, share the show with a friend who loves the woods, and leave a review so more people can find it.

Some stories hit like a jolt of electricity—raw, unfiltered, impossible to forget. Meet James, known as No Limb Jim, who walked into a hospital for mitral valve surgery and woke up months later after 62 days on ECMO, both legs amputated and most fingers gone. What could have ended in silence became a determined rebuild of identity, independence, and purpose driven by faith, family, and a stubborn refusal to accept “you can't” as a verdict.We trace his life before the collapse—freelance cameraman in hurricanes and war zones, disaster airlifts in the Bahamas, a likely brush with West Nile that set the stage for heart failure—and the moment everything changed. James speaks candidly about waking to mummified limbs, searching YouTube for real hope, and launching a channel to show that life after amputation isn't a footnote; it's a new chapter with its own power. He unpacks the hard parts of rehab: being overprotected instead of trained, fighting insurance for a needed knee replacement, and learning transfers the unglamorous way. The turning point arrives behind a steering wheel as he relearns to drive with hand controls, finds dignity in everyday eye‑level conversations, and reclaims the simple freedom to get a burger.We go deep on advocacy and accessibility: why accessible parking abuse undermines independence, how tiered ADA placards could prioritize space for wheelchair users, and what it means to feel truly human in public spaces. James also shares a near‑death experience—moments of blinding peace and a brush with profound darkness—that has since become a lifeline for others on the brink. Through it all runs a through line of resilience: weight loss to be ready for future mobility tech, 3D‑printed tools to keep building, and a family whose bedside faith tipped the odds when medicine nearly quit.If you're navigating disability, caregiving, or any brutal detour you never chose, this conversation offers more than inspiration—it offers a map. Subscribe, share this with someone who needs strength today, and leave a review to help more people find stories that move them forward.

In this episode, editor in chief Joseph E. Safdieh, MD, FAAN, highlights articles about West Nile neuroinvasive disease, what's next after NINDS director Dr. Walter Koroshetz's departure, and changes to funding for advanced practice providers' education.

In today’s episode of the Peskies Pest Control Podcast, Michael and Travis discuss mosquito treatment and prevention for your Birmingham, Alabama property! Podcast Transcript: Michael Wienecke Hey. So here today on the Peskies Pest Control Podcast, we are talking about mosquitoes, I feel like spring is in the air. I woke up for the last couple of days with my nose a little snotty and sniffly, and it’s just getting hot. Travis? Travis McGowin Don’t even I’m not ready. No, I’m not I refuse to give up winter. You know, no matter how brutal it actually was at times over the last couple of weeks, I’m still holding on to hope that there’s some kind of residual that’s going to come back and, you know, actually show itself again. Because I, spring and summer are not my most favorite times of the year. Michael Wienecke I am feeling that right now. I was taking my kids to school this morning, and I just, it just feels a little humid out, a little too humid for what it what it should be. Travis McGowin For February. Yes. Michael Wienecke Yes, yes. So you said we were, I know we were talking earlier. You said you saw some mosquitoes yesterday already. Travis McGowin Right, right. I had a customer whose house I went to shortly after four o’clock yesterday afternoon. And as I was getting my products ready and my sprayers to go treat their house, yes, I had mosquitoes buzzing around my head already. And like I said, it’s only February. Michael Wienecke Well, as we’ve seen them, we’ve seen them in December. You know, I’ve been deer hunting before and seen them in a climber so, you know, right there in December, so perfect. I mean, even even in February. Let’s talk about some ways to just help customers, not get rid of them, but just stop them from from being so so bad at their property, far as you know, getting the water, you know, diverted away from their house, like all that kind of stuff. Travis McGowin Right, so, you know, for those that may or may not know, mosquitoes breed in standing, stagnant water. So they, you know, they land on top of the surface of the water surface. Tension holds them so they don’t sink, and they basically deposit their eggs onto the stagnant water. And it can be, you know, as much water as inside of a tire that’s been left there and filled up with water from rain for a while, or it can be as little water as a cap full from, you know, a soda bottle. It doesn’t take a whole lot of water for them to actually be able to reproduce and so it really takes a lot of diligence on part of the customer, a lot of effort on part of the customer to make sure that they do not have standing water sources in their yard, and you and I have both seen it before, these things can range anywhere from, like I said, tires to just trash that’s holding water. Got a lot of customers that live around the lake that cover their boats or their jet skis with tarps. Yeah, the tarps just completely hold the water, and they don’t go drain the water off after a rain, and it just collects and then leaf litter, and that leaf debris that gets in there just makes it even more attractive for them. For a stagnant source, just five gallon buckets full of rain water, rain barrels. People that have rain barrels that collect water from their gutters. Clogged gutters. That’s another big one. Leaf litter and gutters clogs it and it holds water. You know. Just think about it, if you had a gutter on the edge of your porch where you like to go and enjoy yourself and sit out in the evenings or what have you, and you’ve got standing water because it’s not draining Well, the mosquitoes are just breeding right there and then coming down and eating you alive. And that’s just the tip of the iceberg. Like you mentioned earlier, incomplete drainage in yards. Maybe it’s also an area that not only does it not drain, but it doesn’t get a lot of sunlight, so it never dries out. French drains in yards where you’ve got the drain in the ground, some of those don’t empty all the way, and you just, I mean, you just be creating the next breed of mosquitoes coming through your property. Michael Wienecke Well, that’s what I was going to talk about, hidden, hidden places that people wouldn’t think about. I mean, we’ve seen problem accounts, or, you know, what we’d consider a problem account, where they have a bunch of basins in their yard, all that water is going in there, and it’s hidden. You don’t see all the water that’s just caught in that basin, where it’s, you know, a slow drain and all that kind of stuff. I’ve never understood why they did that. I don’t know why it wouldn’t just be a faster drain, to keep it from getting clogged, I guess. Travis McGowin Yeah, there’s, there’s just so many places that water can be, water can stay and be held in people’s property, and a lot of them can be just overlooked. You know, we’ve got some storage buildings in my yard. I don’t go behind them very often. And and so if I were to stick a bucket back there, even a bucket flipped over that will hold water on the bottom of the bucket that’s sitting up in the air. I mean, that’s enough water to breed hundreds and hundreds of mosquitoes and to really cause a problem, and to really make control efforts a little more challenging, Michael Wienecke 100%. @ell, and I’m glad you said the control. So let’s talk about one way that we, you know, help with controlling the water that we can’t control. So we’re flipping over buckets. We’re moving over. You know, I always bird bass need to be changed out. I would say, you know, weekly, every two weeks, something like that, so it doesn’t build up a stagnant pool. But the control with that IGR is really key on the drains in the yard, such such as that matter of getting rid of that problem, because you can’t control that. Travis McGowin Right, And for those watching listening, IGR stands for “insect growth regulator”, so we use a mixture that has a couple of different active ingredient products in there. And what that IGR does is it is a long term game in terms of mosquito control. So picture, you have a technician come to your house. They treat your lawn and landscape areas with a liquid mosquito treatment that’s got that IGR in it. And so let’s say, after that treatment is dry, the technicians gone, the mosquito lands on the underside of leaves that has this IGR on it. Well, not only is that mosquito now contaminated with that IGR, which is going to take an effect on that mosquito and slowly mess with it to where it can’t breed anymore, but then it’s going to go land on a water source, and it’s going to contaminate that water source too, so that other mosquitoes that touch it could be contacting the IGR, and then those mosquito larva that are already in the water, it should mess with their development, so that they don’t even develop all the way into a biting mosquito as they go and continue to develop. So it’s a great product, and it’s a great addition to a mosquito control program. Michael Wienecke Oh yeah, I’d say its a must have, because if you’re not controlling that, that life cycle, if you’re just killing the adult mosquitoes as they buzz around and get under this shaded area, these trees and, you know, decks and all that, then you’re only taking care of one half of it, or not even less than one half. Travis McGowin Right, and we’re, you know, not only were we applying the IGR in our mixture that we’re using along with an adult aside that’s going to kill mosquitoes on contact as well, but we’re also going back to those stagnant water sources our technicians actively are looking for those stagnant water sources. And yes, you know, you know how it is that there’s some times where those sources can’t be drained or dumped, or, you know, the water be removed so that they’re no longer a breeding site, especially when you talk about areas of a yard that hold a lot of water, that don’t drain properly, or don’t dry. So we also use another product called a larvicide. So Michael, elaborate for the listeners, about a larvicide. Michael Wienecke Yeah, so a larvicide. So you’re going to go around the property, and you’re looking for any areas that you cannot control the water flow, you know, like we said, if you see a bucket, we’re going to can flip that over a bird bath, we can change that out, but something that we can’t, such as a drain in your backyard, front yard, we’re going to put that larvicide in there. It’s good for 30 days. So any breeding mosquitoes that breed in that water, those eggs will never develop into a lot of mosquitoes. Travis McGowin Right, and so all these things are things that can be done on your property. But Michael, as I’m sure you’ve seen before, I and I can give an example, I had a customer who we were trying to do mosquito control at, and it was okay, but it wasn’t as great as it could be. And what we discovered is that the neighbor directly behind that customer’s property, who we weren’t treating, we didn’t have any mosquito service at that customer’s property behind them, they had an old above ground swimming pool. Michael Wienecke It’s always a swimming pool. Travis McGowin It is with about maybe, I would say, a foot or so, maybe a little more of water in it. And the water was a beautiful shade of green, with all types of leaf litter and trash and debris in it. And so, I mean, it was just a haven for these mosquitoes to breed in. And, you know, unfortunately, we can’t control what it is the neighbors doing. Michael Wienecke That’s true. So in terms of control, you know, we like to say an 85 I like to say an 85% to 95% reduction of mosquitoes is a win, because you can still have some mosquitoes, but you’re going to get rid of the majority of the mosquitoes and be. Able to enjoy that backyard. I mean, Travis, you treat your house. I treat my house. We’ve we’ve got some pretty good standing water issues. I know I do. I know in some areas where it rains in your house, you get some little bowl issues in the yard. So I would not, not treat my yard in the summertime. Travis McGowin Right, my kids get torn up by mosquitoes, if I don’t. But you know, that is the good thing about our mosquito control program, especially when you really factor in the use of that insect growth regulator. Like you said, 85% to 95% reduction is great. That’s huge, especially when you deal with some of the amount of mosquitoes that I’ve seen before. I mean, when you walk outside, you’re there for less than a minute, and you’ve got, you know, six, eight, ten, mosquitoes buzzing around your ankles and your feet before you even, you know, can take in the outside that you just walked out to, but that IGR is really great, because obviously mosquitoes fly. They can kind of go wherever they want to, but if they contact that IGR and then, let’s just say that the neighbor across the street has one tire sitting against a storage shed in their yard that’s collecting water that’s become this breeding site that they haven’t addressed, well now There’s that potential that that mosquito could spread that IGR to that breeding site and hopefully render it less effective, or completely ineffective for mosquito breeding, and in that way, kind of extend that treatment over somewhere where obviously we can’t go physically apply something. So it really is kind of a nice additive to put, to have in there, to try to help control because, I mean, you know, no matter how much mosquito control you can do there at the end of the day, like we said, they fly, so they’re not very heavy, so the wind can blow them to, I mean, they can be pushed around and all that too. So I don’t think anybody can really ever promise a 100% reduction in mosquitoes just because of the way that they are. However, I think it’s definitely reasonable to think 85 to 95% reduction for most of the properties we deal with. Michael Wienecke I think that, yeah, I think that’s great. And something that a lot of people miss, too, is gutters. I mean, over in Birmingham, Montgomery, we’ve got a lot of trees, a lot of trees, and over the winter, you know, some people do. Some people don’t get all the gutters cleaned out, or don’t even know that they’re they’re clogged and all that stagnant water. There’s really not a product in the world that’s going to take care of that. Travis McGowin Well, you know, not to, not even going to try to be hypocritical here, because I have two areas with with gutters. Oh, me too, down spouts on my my own awnings on my house, three areas, actually, and it is one of my least favorite chores in the world to get up there and clean them. So much so that, I mean, we even, we even had a rainstorm come in one day, and the gutters were so clogged and the downspouts were so slow at draining that the water ended up actually gushing over the side of the gutter and like bowing it. And just because of the weight of the water, it was starting to bow one of the little beams that holds my top of my porch, or owning up. Excuse me, my owning up. And so, yeah, I hate it that much, and I’ve tried to become a little bit more diligent about it, but it is. It’s really something that you need to stay on top of to make sure that there’s no breeding site up there, because it’s just not immediately in your thought process, because it’s not immediately in your view Michael Wienecke Well, and you can go off and that leads to termite damage on a pest control, it can lead to carpenter ant damage. It can lead to a lot of other issues besides just mosquitoes. Travis McGowin Yeah, absolutely. So it’s like that old saying, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. You know, you can, you can get a lot done by just being diligent and eliminating those water sources from around your property, you can get a lot done, and your family will thank you. Your neighbors will thank you. Don’t, don’t be that bad neighbor that’s got 25 tires with all water in them, you know, stacked up, and you’re breeding mosquitoes like, you know, be that good neighbor that’s helping the problem, because everybody wins, everybody benefits. I mean, mosquitoes are known to carry many different viruses that cause many different health hazards for you, for your pets. I mean, Zika virus, all those things you know, your pets can get heart worms. They get them from mosquito bites. So there’s just a lot of benefits from keeping these insects away from your property. Michael Wienecke Well, and didn’t we see some some? Was it encephalitis last year? Travis McGowin Yeah, I think it was going around. I mean, you know, some of the lesser known things that people you know might not be necessarily aware of, like I said, Zika virus, yellow fever, dengue, malaria, is a big one, especially in some of your overseas countries, West Nile virus, all of these things, like you said, encephalitis, and they all come from just a mosquito bite, and it’s a strong possibility that you know they could make you your family or your animals sick. Watch this video on YouTube! Click Here! Learn more about our mosquito control! Click Here! The post Mosquitoes Are Already Back in Birmingham Alabama! appeared first on Peskies Pest Control.

RJ Gross is an Upland Game Biologist for the state of North Dakota.  RJ and Travis talk in-depth about how wildlife survive extreme winter conditions.  Does feeding wildlife help?  When and where do wildlife go to eat during arctic blasts, how pheasants winter differently than grouse and quail, what's our current winter severity index, snow roosting, ice and snow vs extreme cold, habitat success areas, did West Nile affect North Dakota's sharptailed grouse populations, potential changes to North Dakota hunting laws, and so much more… @ndgameandfish   Presented by: Walton's (waltons.com/), OnX Maps (onxmaps.com/), GAIM Hunting & Shooting Simulator (https://alnk.to/74wKReb), Black Gold Explorer Dog Food (blackgoldpet.com/), Marshwear Clothing (marshwearclothing.com/), RuffLand Kennels (rufflandkennels.com/)

As 2026 begins, Contagion Podcast reflects on 2025, a year that tested global public health systems and reshaped how we think about infectious diseases, trust, and preparedness. In this special year in review episode, hosts Jackie Sherbuk and Vivian Vega examine the most consequential infectious disease and public health stories of the year—placing outbreaks, policy decisions, and scientific breakthroughs into clear clinical and societal context.The episode begins by confronting one of the defining challenges of 2025: erosion of public trust in public health institutions amid leadership upheaval, funding cuts, and widespread misinformation. Against this backdrop, long-controlled diseases returned with force. Measles resurged across the United States and Europe, threatening elimination status and exposing the consequences of falling vaccination coverage. Influenza surged early and intensely, straining hospitals and disproportionately impacting children and older adults. Other vaccine-preventable diseases—including pertussis and polio—reemerged, reminding listeners that immunity gaps anywhere can place everyone at risk.Beyond vaccines, the hosts explore global crises such as widespread cholera outbreaks driven by conflict, displacement, and climate-related flooding; ongoing tuberculosis transmission, including a major U.S. outbreak; and the expanding geographic reach of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue, chikungunya, and West Nile virus. They also discuss how viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks, while limited in case numbers, continue to stress-test public health response systems worldwide.Importantly, the episode closes on hope. Breakthroughs such as twice-yearly lenacapavir for HIV prevention represent a paradigm shift in prevention and equity. Historic progress toward eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B demonstrates what sustained investment and coordinated care can achieve. Above all, the hosts honor the resilience and dedication of healthcare and public-health professionals who continue to protect communities amid uncertainty.This episode offers a thoughtful, candid look at 2025—and a reminder that preparedness, communication, and trust remain our most powerful tools.Dr. Vega would like to thank her friend Job Meiller for his musical contributions, "One," and "Imagine," to our major segment breaks. Thank you, Job!Thanks also to Dr. Ana Velez, our artistic contributor, for her artwork utilized in our episode thumbnails.

We've enjoyed a longer-than-normal fall this year... at least up until the last few days. And according to Dr. Sabo, assistant state veterinarian for Utah, this has apparently come with some unintended consequences, including harmful algal blooms and West Nile virus.

Patience Poni Ayikoru is a Ugandan activist, lawyer and Member at the Uganda Association of Women Lawyers. She is enthusiastic about women's inclusion in governance and gender equality. Patience has a keen interest in Women's Rights. She has been a champion in several leadership spaces and has attended several platforms for great leadership and debate. As an advocate for gender justice, Patience created a platform for young girls and women in her community in the rural areas of Koboko, West Nile region of Uganda to discuss the many challenges that young girls and women face.In this episode, Patience discusses observing gender inequalities in her community as a young girl, even though she did not experience this in her own home… asking a teacher how she could help those whose voices were not being heard and being told that she could become a lawyer or judge… inclusion and the importance of asking why others are being left out of discussions that affect them… why she decided to support young girls and women in rural Uganda… launching a volunteer-led organization, now known as Femme Talk, with initial financial support from her father… creating a youth-led initiative that connected organizations working to end teenage pregnancies, gender-based violence, and child defilement in the illegal marriage of young girls to older men… her commitment to mentorship and to keeping girls in school… the role of the media in increasing awareness of the challenges that girls face… the importance of collaboration and the collective voice in overcoming resistance to change… the untapped potential of girls in rural areas… the role of formal and informal mentorship in our leadership journey… staying true to our values… and the advice to “use your voice to tell your story.”

Tyler Smith was paralyzed from the neck down after contracting the West Nile virus. He and his wife, Jenny, join Paul for the second time to open up about the rage, shock, and loneliness of having become paralyzed as well as the stress and emotional toll it takes on Jenny to caretake someone with Tyler's condition.Tyler & Jenny's GoFundMehttps://www.gofundme.com/f/support-for-tyler-smith-year-twoFollow Tyler on X @morelessonsCheck out his movie talk website www.morethanonelesson.comThis episode is sponsored Quince. Go to www.Quince.com/mental for free shipping on your order and 365-day returns. Now available in Canada, too.This episode is sponsored by NOCD. If you're struggling with OCD or unrelenting intrusive thoughts, NOCD can help. Book a free 15 minute call to get started: https://learn.nocd.com/mentalpodIf you're interested in seeing or buying the furniture that Paul designs and makes follow his IG @ShapedFurniture or visit the website www.shapedfurniture.com WAYS TO HELP THE MIHH PODCASTSubscribe via Apple Podcasts (or whatever player you use). It costs nothing. It's extremely helpful to have your subscription set to download all episodes automatically. https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/mental-illness-happy-hour/id427377900?mt=2Spread the word via social media. It costs nothing.Our website is www.mentalpod.com our FB is www.Facebook.com/mentalpod and our Twitter and Instagram are both @Mentalpod Become a much-needed Patreon monthly-donor (with occasional rewards) for as little as $1/month at www.Patreon.com/mentalpod Become a one-time or monthly donor via PayPal at https://mentalpod.com/donateYou can also donate via Zelle (make payment to mentalpod@gmail.com) To donate via Venmo make payment to @Mentalpod See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Voting centers for the statewide special election on redistricting open in L.A. County today. L.A. Diving into the history of a thriving Filipino community in the San Fernando Valley. The life and times of Tyrus Wong, one of the first Asian Americans to make a mark in Hollywood with his influence on the Disney film, "Bambi." Plus, more. Support The L.A. Report by donating at LAist.com/join and by visiting https://laist.com Visit www.preppi.com/LAist to receive a FREE Preppi Emergency Kit (with any purchase over $100) and be prepared for the next wildfire, earthquake or emergency!Support the show: https://laist.com

Perryville radio DJ ‘Kevy Kev' dies after contracting West Nile virus - https://www.stlpr.org/health-science-environment/2025-10-10/perryville-radio-dj-kevy-kev-dies-after-contracting-west-nile-virusRene Knott parts ways with KSDK in sudden split - https://www.stlmag.com/news/rene-knott-resigned-ksdk/Tim Ezell shares change in diagnosis during absence - https://fox2now.com/news/missouri/tim-ezell-provides-update-on-his-health-amid-absence/Ace Frehley KISS, Peter Criss, Paul Stanley Memorialize Rock Icon - https://www.tmz.com/2025/10/17/ace-frehley-remembered-by-kiss-peter-criss-after-death/Woman Allegedly Changes Eye Color While Pregnant so Her Child is Born with Blue Eyes -https://www.odditycentral.com/funny/woman-allegedly-changes-eye-color-while-pregnant-so-her-child-is-born-with-blue-eyes.html#google_vignetteBrain Surgeon Accused of Letting Her 12-Year-Old Daughter Drill into Patient's Skull During Emergency Surgery - https://people.com/brain-surgeon-accused-letting-daughter-drill-patients-head-emergency-surgery-11830827STL Toasted at City Foundry STL closing later this month - https://www.stlmag.com/dining/stl-toasted-closing-at-city-foundry-stl-later-this-month/Arby's Is Being Sued for Allegedly Deceiving Its Customers - https://www.allrecipes.com/arbys-lawsuit-oct-2025-11827099Smucker sues Trader Joes over ‘crustless' PB&J sandwiches which resemble iconic Uncrustables - https://nypost.com/2025/10/15/business/smucker-sues-trader-joes-over-crustless-pbampj-sandwiches-which-resemble-iconic-uncrustables/Influencers bashed for forcing Starbucks baristas to make their fall-themed lattes inside carved-out pumpkins: ‘Health violation' - https://nypost.com/2025/10/16/lifestyle/customers-are-bringing-pumpkins-to-starbucks-in-place-of-a-cup-in-annoying-new-trend/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

These diseases - West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - are named for the places where outbreaks happened. But they're also all things you get from being bitten by mosquitoes or ticks. Research: Balasubramanian, Chandana. “Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF): The Deadly Tick-borne Disease That Inspired a Hit Movie.” Gideon. 9/1/2022. https://www.gideononline.com/blogs/rocky-mountain-spotted-fever/ Barbour AG, Benach JL2019.Discovery of the Lyme Disease Agent. mBio10:10.1128/mbio.02166-19.https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02166-19 Bay Area Lyme Foundation. “History of Lyme Disease.” https://www.bayarealyme.org/about-lyme/history-lyme-disease/ Caccone, Adalgisa. “Ancient History of Lyme Disease in North America Revealed with Bacterial Genomes.” Yale School of Medicine. 8/28/2017. https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/ancient-history-of-lyme-disease-in-north-america-revealed-with-bacterial-genomes/ Chowning, William M. “Studies in Pyroplasmosis Hominis.("Spotted Fever" or "Tick Fever" of the Rocky Mountains.).” The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1/2/1904. https://archive.org/details/jstor-30071629/page/n29/mode/1up Elbaum-Garfinkle, Shana. “Close to home: a history of Yale and Lyme disease.” The Yale journal of biology and medicine vol. 84,2 (2011): 103-8. Farris, Debbie. “Lyme disease older than human race.” Oregon State University. 5/29/2014. https://science.oregonstate.edu/IMPACT/2014/05/lyme-disease-older-than-human-race Galef, Julia. “Iceman Was a Medical Mess.” Science. 2/29/2012. https://www.science.org/content/article/iceman-was-medical-mess Gould, Carolyn V. “Combating West Nile Virus Disease — Time to Revisit Vaccination.” New England Journal of Medicine. Vol. 388, No. 18. 4/29/2023. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2301816 Harmon, Jim. “Harmon’s Histories: Montana’s Early Tick Fever Research Drew Protests, Violence.” Missoula Current. 7/20/2020. https://missoulacurrent.com/ticks/ Hayes, Curtis G. “West Nile Virus: Uganda, 1937, to New York City, 1999.” From West Nile Virus: Detection, Surveillance, and Control. New York : New York Academy of Sciences. 2001. https://archive.org/details/westnilevirusdet0951unse/ Jannotta, Sepp. “Robert Cooley.” Montana State University. 10/12/2012. https://www.montana.edu/news/mountainsandminds/article.html?id=11471 Johnston, B L, and J M Conly. “West Nile virus - where did it come from and where might it go?.” The Canadian journal of infectious diseases = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses vol. 11,4 (2000): 175-8. doi:10.1155/2000/856598 Lloyd, Douglas S. “Circular Letter #12 -32.” 8/3/1976. https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/departments-and-agencies/dph/dph/infectious_diseases/lyme/1976circularletterpdf.pdf Mahajan, Vikram K. “Lyme Disease: An Overview.” Indian dermatology online journal vol. 14,5 594-604. 23 Feb. 2023, doi:10.4103/idoj.idoj_418_22 MedLine Plus. “West Nile virus infection.” https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007186.htm National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease. “History of Rocky Mountain Labs (RML).” 8/16/2023. https://www.niaid.nih.gov/about/rocky-mountain-history National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease. “Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.” https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/rocky-mountain-spotted-fever Rensberger, Boyce. “A New Type of Arthritis Found in Lyme.” New York Times. 7/18/1976. https://www.nytimes.com/1976/07/18/archives/a-new-type-of-arthritis-found-in-lyme-new-form-of-arthritis-is.html?login=smartlock&auth=login-smartlock Rucker, William Colby. “Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever.” Washington: Government Printing Office. 1912. https://archive.org/details/101688739.nlm.nih.gov/page/ Sejvar, James J. “West Nile virus: an historical overview.” Ochsner journal vol. 5,3 (2003): 6-10. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3111838/ Smithburn, K.C. et al. “A Neurotropic Virus Isolated from the Blood of a Native of Uganda.” The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Volume s1-20: Issue 4. 1940. Steere, Allen C et al. “The emergence of Lyme disease.” The Journal of clinical investigation vol. 113,8 (2004): 1093-101. doi:10.1172/JCI21681 Steere, Allen C. et al. “Historical Perspectives.” Zbl. Bakt. Hyg. A 263, 3-6 (1986 ). https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/281837/1-s2.0-S0176672486X80912/1-s2.0-S0176672486800931/main.pdf World Health Organization. “West Nile Virus.” 10/3/2017. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/west-nile-virus Xiao, Y., Beare, P.A., Best, S.M. et al. Genetic sequencing of a 1944 Rocky Mountain spotted fever vaccine. Sci Rep 13, 4687 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31894-0 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Send us a textGenetic & environmental factors that affect brain health, including why people age faster in outer space. (Note: technical difficulties affected the audio quality of this recording somewhat)Episode Summary: Dr. Jacob Raber explains how apolipoproteins, particularly ApoE, influence brain health and disease risk; their role in cholesterol metabolism, Alzheimer's disease, and responses to environmental stressors like radiation and viral infections; interplay between genetics, diet, and lifestyle factors, highlighting how these affect cognitive function and resilience to stress; research into space radiation, the gut-brain axis, and potential interventions for neurodegenerative diseases.About the guest: Jacob Raber, PhD, is a neuroscientist at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) in Portland, where he leads a lab studying genetic and environmental influences on brain health, particularly using mouse models with human genes.Discussion Points:Apolipoproteins (ApoE2, E3, E4) are proteins involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism in the brain, with ApoE4 increasing risks for Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease.ApoE4 carriers may face higher risks for cognitive decline but could have advantages in specific contexts, like fertility or certain infections.Environmental stressors, such as space radiation and viral infections like West Nile, can exacerbate oxidative stress, impacting brain health.The gut microbiome influences brain function indirectly via the gut-liver-brain axis, with ongoing studies exploring its role in Alzheimer's and traumatic brain injury.Lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, and sleep are critical for brain health, potentially mitigating genetic risks like ApoE4.Statins, commonly used for cholesterol management, may impair learning in healthy animals, suggesting context-dependent effects.Research into space radiation reveals potential therapeutic applications, such as using heavy ion radiation for cancer treatment.Genetic variations, including ethnicity and sex, influence ApoE-related disease risks, with women and certain populations showing higher Alzheimer's susceptibility.Chronic low-level stressors, like air pollution, may pose greater risks to brain health than acute exposures due to insufficient activation of protective mechanisms.Related content:M&M 165: PUFAs in Brain Health & Disease, Dietary Fats, Brain Lipids, Nutrition | Richard Bazinet*Not medical adviceSupport the showAffiliates: Seed Oil Scout: Find restaurants with seed oil-free options, scan food products to see what they're hiding, with this easy-to-use mobile app. KetoCitra—Ketone body BHB + electrolytes formulated for kidney health. Use code MIND20 for 20% off any subscription (cancel anytime) Lumen device to optimize your metabolism for weight loss or athletic performance. Code MIND for 10% off SiPhox Health—Affordable at-home blood testing. Key health markers, visualized & explained. Code TRIKOMES for a 20% discount. For all the ways you can support my efforts

Today is Friday, September 26. Here are some of the latest headlines from the Fargo, North Dakota area. InForum Minute is produced by Forum Communications and brought to you by reporters from The Forum of Fargo-Moorhead and WDAY TV. For more news from throughout the day, visit InForum.com.

Carson and Jeff sit down with John Veon (UC Davis PhD candidate, wetlands & waterfowl) and Andy Atkinson (manager, Bird Haven Ranch) to unpack a five-year experiment in integrated wetland management—using swales, shorter irrigations, and year-round connectivity to cut mosquito production while boosting macroinvertebrates and duck use.What you'll learnWhy the Valley needs a reset: California flipped its natural water rhythm and now only ~7–10% of naturally functioning wetlands remain—so managers are rebuilding function, not replicas.How the system works: keep wet swales connected through summer and swap 10-day irrigations for ~5-day (or less) pulses to protect annuals (think Timothy), grow food plants, and starve mosquito cycles.Predators, not spray: longer access to water (≈140 days vs. ~20) grows dragonfly/other predators that hammer larvae—nature doing the heavy lifting.Public health partnership: day-to-day coordination with Butte County Mosquito & Vector Control aligns human health (West Nile) with better wetlands.Running cheaper, smarter: timing pumps at night avoids brutal demand charges and still feeds the swales—biology and the power bill pulling the same way.Water source matters: colder well water slows bug production; lift-pump or warmer sources can change bird use patterns.Measuring results: wood-duck fecal DNA diet work, USGS telemetry, and game-camera grids track how birds and wildlife actually respond.If you manage a club pond, volunteer on public ground, or just want sharper habitat instincts, this episode lays out a clear, field-tested blueprint you can scale to your place.

Hey Poison Friends! I know I promised a lot for this one episode, including West Nile, Zika, EEE, and Malaria. The truth is, malaria is just a huge topic on its own and instead of keeping you all here for hours at one time, we are discussing malaria in all of its old and new world glory, so to speak. I will be adding an extra bonus on our Patreon later this week that will be free for all for those still interested in West Nile/Zika, so come check that out there. The parasite that causes malaria is actually older than us humans and since humans entered the scene, they have been our nemesis. Mosquitoes are known to be, historically, the deadliest animal simply because of how many people have died due to malaria that they have transmitted. We are discussing the history of humankind vs mosquito/malaria and how various people groups of different eras attempted to deal with the disease. From the ancient Egyptians, to the Greeks, the Romans, ancient China, and those living throughout the middle ages in Europe. Previous notions were that malaria came from "bad air" and, in fact, the name comes from the Italian for "bad air." The Miasma and Humors theories were still prevalent in medicine, of course, until the true means of infection were discovered in the late 1800s. Also, we cannot leave out its historic prevalence in Africa and its later history among the American colonies, the Native Americans (indigenous groups in North and South America), Oceania, and among and throughout the African slave trade. History has been a doozy, lets be honest, and mosquitoes (and malaria) have witnessed it all. They even had their effects on historical events like the Fall of Rome, the Revolutionary War, Civil War, WWII, etc. We are delving into the science as well, discussing who discovered its causal agent and who found how it was transmitted via mosquito. Needless to say, the war with malaria has been awful through the centuries and in Sub-Saharan Africa, it still is. The disease is also still prevalent in Southeast Asia and in South America. So what have been the historic methods of treatment and how far have we come in this fight? Thank you to all of our listeners and supporters! Please feel free to leave a comment or send us a DM for any questions, suggestions, or just to say, "hi."Support us on Patreon:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠patreon.com/thepoisonersalmanac⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Merch-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://poisonersalmanac.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow us on socials:The Poisoner's Almanac on IG-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/poisoners_almanac?utm_source=ig_web_button_share_sheet&igsh=ZDNlZDc0MzIxNw==⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://youtube.com/@thepoisonersalmanac-m5q?si=16JV_ZKhpGaLyM73⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Also, look for the Poisoner's Almanac TikTok- ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@poisonersalmanacp?_t=ZT-8wdYQyXhKbm&_r=1⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Adam-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@studiesshow?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Becca-⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@yobec0?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

(Sep 18, 2025) Scientists expect mosquito-borne illnesses like West Nile and Triple E to increase in the North Country as the climate warms. St. Lawrence County is trapping and testing mosquitos to establish a baseline of which diseases are out there. Also: Republicans have officially nominated former state police commander Brent Davison as their candidate for the special election to replace Billy Jones in the state Assembly.

New York City is bracing for the worst traffic of the year next week when world leaders arrive for the UN General Assembly. Meanwhile, the Long Island Rail Road has avoided a strike for now after five unions voted to authorize one but requested federal intervention, delaying any walkout until at least May 2026. Plus, city health officials say they'll spray pesticides Tuesday night in Brooklyn and Queens neighborhoods to curb mosquitoes and the risk of West Nile virus.

This Thursday marks 24 years since the September 11th attacks, with Vice President JD Vance scheduled at the Memorial Plaza ceremony and President Trump attending services at the Pentagon before appearing at Yankee Stadium that night. Meanwhile, subway crime dropped to its lowest level in more than a decade this summer, with felony assaults down 21 percent from last year. Plus, the city Health Department will spray parts of Staten Island's North Shore Thursday night to reduce mosquitos and combat the risk of West Nile virus.

Every year in Idaho West Nile returns as a threat to the public. Now, the Canyon County District is asking for your help to solve the problem.

Dr. Sean Drake is a neurological chiropractor, performance specialist, and founder of Modern Athlete in Scottsdale, Arizona. In this episode, Bethany sits down with Dr. Drake to explore revolutionary approaches to concussion and brain injury recovery. They discuss:The nervous system's role in healing and why emotional trauma, toxicity, and capacity limitations must be addressed.Breakthrough modalities like the Rezzimax, vibroacoustic therapy, hypoxia training, and quantum neurology.A powerful case study: Gary, a former MLB player, shares his recovery from West Nile virus and meningitis using Dr. Drake's neuro-emotional and frequency-based techniques.Breathwork as a free tool to rebuild resilience, plus why "setbacks" are opportunities for recalibration.Hope and identity: How reframing limitations and celebrating small wins accelerates progress.Resources Mentioned:Modern Athlete Clinic: https://moderneathlete.com/Rezzimax Pain Tuner Pro: https://rezzimax.com/?ref=BethanyLewisQuantum Neurology: Learn from practitioners like George Gonzalez or Noah Moose.Flowpresso: For lymphatic system support. https://flowpressousa.com/?v=0b3b97fa6688Wizard Sciences Neural Rx: A supplement for brain recovery.Dr. Drake's Instagram: @moderneathleteFor more concussion resources:Bethany's free guide: www.theconcussioncoach.comSign up for a coaching consultation: Book HereKey Quote: "You are the modality. Your body has all the energy it needs to heal—you just need the right tools and a safe space to unlock it." —Dr. Sean DrakeSubscribe for more stories of recovery and science-backed hope!

Heading into fall, we get a check-up on COVID vaccines, the seasonal flu, measles, and West Nile with Dr. Ned Calonge, the state's chief medical officer. Then, as Western states divvy up water from the Colorado River, a new documentary wants to make sure the river isn't run dry. Plus, new research from CU Boulder on drought conditions and human-caused climate change. Later, an update on bodies found in a Pueblo mortuary. And an unexpected moment of joy thanks to a TikTok video and one family's lost wedding photos. 

West Nile virus cases are increasing across the state. The Minnesota Department of Health reports 20 cases of West Nile virus so far this year. Two of the affected people have died. Monday's daily attendance at the Minnesota State Fair hit a record. The daily attendance creeped just past 145,000 people yesterday -- about 500 more people than the record set in 2017.Those stories and more in today's evening update from MPR News. Hosted by Emily Reese. Music by Gary Meister.

Dr. Santina Wheat, family medicine physician at Northwestern Medicine Delnor Hospital in Geneva, joins Dean Richards for this week's health update. They discuss the confirmed cases of West Nile Virus found in the Chicago area, methods to stay safe from the disease-carrying mosquitos, and take listener questions.

In episode 1917, Jack and Miles are joined by comedian, musician, host of Cold Brew Got Me Like, and subject of the documentary Nashville Famous, Chris Crofton, to discuss… Las Vegas Is Being Plagued By Mosquitos and more! Chris Crofton: Nashville Famous- LA premiere! Las Vegas Is Being Plagued By Mosquitos West Nile virus, pesticide resistance detected among Las Vegas mosquitoes Dengue fever, once confined to the tropics, now threatens the U.S. Mosquitoes that carry West Nile are becoming resistant to insecticides, CDC says Current Dengue Outbreak Las Vegas' growing mosquito problem is 'a ticking time bomb' Crofton's Media Reccomendation: Under The Roller Coaster - A Film by Lila Place LISTEN: I Don't Believe by Chris CroftonSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Attorney General Keith Ellison has filed a lawsuit against the social media app TikTok, claiming it's harming children. West Nile Virus cases have been on the rise in the U.S., and neighboring states like North and South Dakota have seen a rise in the mosquito borne disease.And rivers are still rising across parts of southern Minnesota in the wake of heavy rain in recent days.Those stories and more in today's evening update. Hosted by Emily Reese. Music by Gary Meister.

Allegheny County officials have confirmed the first human case of West Nile virus of 2025. People can now fill out an online application if they're looking to clear any criminal convictions. Pennsylvania wants state employees to utilize AI more. And the Keystone State is purportedly one of the best to live in.

State Sen. Nicole Mitchell has resigned, 10 days before she'd initially announced, following her conviction for breaking into her stepmother's home. Mitchell, a DFLer who represents Woodbury, initially said after her conviction last week that she would step down Aug. 4. The Minneapolis police officer who shot and killed Amir Locke during a no-knock raid in 2022 will no longer lead use of force training for the department.In record numbers, mosquitoes are testing positive for West Nile virus in all seven counties of the Twin Cities metro.This is an MPR News Evening update, hosted by Gracie Stockton. Theme music is by Gary Meister.  Subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube or RSS. 

In the 25 years since its emergence in the US, West Nile virus has become the leading cause of domestic mosquito-borne disease. It causes more than 1200 neuroinvasive disease cases and 120 deaths annually in the US. Coauthor Carolyn Gould, MD, of the CDC joins JAMA Senior Editor Karen Lasser, MD, to discuss the review on this topic published in JAMA. Related Content: West Nile Virus What Is West Nile Virus Infection?