Podcasts about West Nile

(August 21, 2026) Amy King and Neil Saavedra join Bill for Handel on the News. Iran vows ‘devastating’ response as US threatens toughest ever economic hit. Dead of a mosquito bite: Los Angeles records West Nile fatality as California cases hit 5-year high. FBI raids Democrat Swalwell’s home in sexual-misconduct investigation.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Another deadline passes in the Lineage warehouse cleanup. A San Fernando Valley resident dies from West Nile Virus. And after increased funding for after-school care, a survey says many local families struggling to get help with the kids. Support The L.A. Report by donating at LAist.com/join and by visiting https://laist.comSupport the show: https://laist.com

HOUR 1 (08/19) - Gary & Shannon break down last night’s primaries, including Democratic socialist Angie Nixon’s upset over Alex Vindman in Florida and another round of wins for Trump-backed Republicans. Then they revisit California’s new replacement-tire efficiency rules, the rise in West Nile cases and why drought may actually make transmission worse. Plus, are students using AI so much that they’re starting to outsource the very thinking skills school is supposed to build?See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Illinois Department of Transportation has released the most recent traffic stop data from police departments across the state. While overall traffic stops in Chicago are down, Black and Latino drivers are still three to six times more likely to be pulled over than white drivers. We dive into the numbers with contributors Adora Namigadde and Jill Hopkins. Plus, Chicago is on high-risk alert for West Nile virus, and the Shedd welcomes four more beluga whales.   Good news: South Asian American Lit Fest Want some more City Cast Chicago news? Then make sure to sign up for our daily newsletter.  Follow us @citycastchicago You can also text us or leave a voicemail at: 773 780-0246 Learn more about the sponsors of this Aug. 17 episode: Visit Bloomington TimeLine Theatre Become a member of City Cast Chicago. Interested in advertising with City Cast? Find more info HERE 

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are troubled by the latest executive order changing routine childhood vaccine recommendations, the call for nominations to join the Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices, West Nile virus transmission in South Carolina, a newly identified midge-transmitted virus sickening cattle, and development of a cold-chain free DPT vaccine, the national cyclospora and screwworm outbreaks,new screwworm and genomics of Ebola outbreak in the Congo, and use of a mismatch vaccine to combat the Bundibugyo virus outbreak before Dr. Griffin deep dives into the measles outbreak, recent statistics on RSV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections, the Wasterwater Scan dashboard, Johns Hopkins measles tracker, how to access and pay for Paxlovid, where to go for answers about long COVID-19, clinical guidelines for treating long COVID, and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode DELIVERING GOLD STANDARD CHILDHOOD VACCINE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AMERICANS (Whitehouse) Trump signed an executive order calling for fewer childhood vaccines (NY Times) CIDRAP Op-Ed: What the vaccine executive order gets wrong, and what it will cost us (CIDRAP) New CDC director faces first major test before she even begins work (CIDRAP) National Vaccine Advisory Committee (US Department of Health and Human Services) Solicitation of Nominations for Membership on the National Vaccine Advisory (Department of Health and Human Services) DPH Announces West Nile Virus Outbreak in Pee Dee South Carolina Department of Public Health) Newly discovered virus is sickening cattle in Western Europe (Science) Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of SPVX02, a room temperature-stabilised tetanus-diphtheria vaccine, compared to two established tetanus-diphtheria booster vaccines: a multicentre, single-blind, randomised, first-in-human phase 1 trial in the UK (eClinicalMedicine) Surveillance of Cyclosporiasis (CDC: Cyclosporiasis) Infectious DiseaseOutbreaks (Michigan: Health & Human Services) Cyclosporiasis Cases in North Carolina (North Carolina: Division of Public Health) Cyclospora Infection (Cyclosporiasis) (NYC Health) Missouri Communicable Disease Report (2026) (Missouri Health) TWiP 285: Why is cyclospora hard to contain: Parasitologists explain the 2026 US outbreak (microbeTV:TWiP) Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service) CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom) Human Myiasis Resulting from Reemergence of Cochliomyia hominivorax Screwworm, Mexico, 2025–2026 (Emerging Infectious Diseases) Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi) EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO) Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo) Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola) Mismatched vaccine being rolled out against Ebola outbreak (Science) Emergence of a Bundibugyo virus variant in the 2026 outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda (Nature Medicine) Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan) Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola) Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health) Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health) Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins) HAP's Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania) Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg) Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada) Measles (WHO) Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health) Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC) Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC) Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM) Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America) Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine) Kennedy Stirred Vaccine Fears in Pennsylvania Years Before Measles Outbreak (NY Times) Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA) WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP) FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP) Weekly surveillance report: clift notes (CDC FluView) Effectiveness of Oseltamivir in Hospitalized Children With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza, 2014-2023 (JAMA Pediatrics) OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza) RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection) Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV)) Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) COVID-19 deaths (CDC) Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses) COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC) COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC) SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain) Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda) EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD) Infusion center (Prime Fusions) CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC) NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH) Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool) Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro) Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS) Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society) Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV) Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society) What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC) Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC) Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org) Daniel Griffin's evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID) Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center) The answers: Long COVID Impact of COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy on Subsequent Vaccine-Elicited SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses (JID) Clinical practice guideline for long COVID prevention and treatment (ERS) Reaching out to US house representative Letters read on TWiV 1348 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

What if you've spent years being told that everything is “normal,” while your body is telling you something completely different? In this episode of the Health Detective Podcast, Michele Scarlet sits down with Chandra Marin, a Functional Diagnostic Nutrition Practitioner, to explore her decades-long journey with chronic symptoms, digestive dysfunction, brain fog, anxiety, fatigue, and unexplained health challenges. Chandra's story began in her teens with severe constipation, episodes of passing out, chronic headaches, painful periods, and a feeling that her metabolism simply wasn't working like everyone else's. After contracting West Nile virus, her energy declined even further, making exercise, hiking, dancing, and everyday activities increasingly difficult. For years, conventional testing continued to come back “normal,” while her symptoms persisted. Everything changed when Chandra discovered Functional Diagnostic Nutrition and Functional Lab Testing. Instead of relying on generic advice, she finally received personalized information about what was happening inside her body. Testing revealed significant gut dysfunction, food sensitivities, bacterial imbalance, digestive issues, and other areas requiring support. One of the biggest turning points came from identifying foods her body was reacting to. Within about three weeks of following a personalized food-sensitivity-based protocol, her severe bloating and gas dramatically improved, her stomach felt normal, her energy began returning, and she lost 10–12 pounds. Chandra also shares how personalized healing protocols, metabolic typing, hormone support, and a deeper understanding of her nervous system helped improve her energy, concentration, mood, anxiety, and brain fog. Most importantly, this conversation explores the emotional side of chronic health challenges, including losing hope, gaslighting yourself, feeling ashamed, and eventually learning to trust your body again. Discover why Chandra believes your body is not the enemy, it is the authority, and why becoming your own “health detective” can be the beginning of a completely different relationship with your health. Join us for our HEALTH COACH INTENSIVE WORKSHOP NOW!

In this episode of Daily Vet Life, Dr. Melissa Fenn discusses managing the first confirmed equine West Nile virus case of Colorado's unprecedented 2023 season.Daily Vet Life Podcast Host, Guest(s), and Links for Episode 76:Host: Alexandra Beckstett, Editorial Director of EquiManagement | Visit MyNewHorse.comGuest: Dr. Melissa FennPodcast Website: Daily Vet LifeBrought to You By: Spalding Labs

B.C. Wildfires: A provincial state of emergency is in effect as the Bald Range fire forces thousands to flee in the Okanagan. Sanctuary Stand: The owner of a Summerland animal sanctuary says her fiancé is staying behind to defend dozens of rescued animals from advancing flames. Pipeline Demand: B.C. First Nations leaders are demanding an immediate halt to the West Coast Oil Pipeline, warning it fuels climate disasters. Gaza Peace Plan: Benjamin Netanyahu rejects U.S. demands to withdraw from Gaza, insisting Hamas must fully disarm first. North Korean Troops: Volodymyr Zelenskyy warns North Korea is gaining modern warfare experience by joining Russia's war against Ukraine. Colten Boushie: Ten years after the death of Colten Boushie, his family is marking the anniversary by reflecting on his life and legacy. West Nile Risk: Health officials warn mosquito bites can carry West Nile virus, as an Ontario survivor shares his long recovery.

First, even with a fourth human case of West Nile virus confirmed, experts say peak mosquito season is still ahead. Next, we'll tell you what some local community activists are rallying to support. Also, a new report shows there is a lot of progress to be made on the promises to Afghan allies. Then, the San Diego Natural History Museum has a new curator. And, some weekend event ideas for you and yours.

Lawyers representing people detained at the Adelanto ICE Processing Center say federal officials have not been complying to improve conditions at the facility. The first human case of West Nile virus in Orange County has be found in an Anaheim resident. Santa Ana City Council voted to ask state leaders to include the city in California’s speed camera pilot program. Plus, more from Evening Edition. Support The L.A. Report by donating at LAist.com/join and by visiting https://laist.comSupport the show: https://laist.com

Medical Director Dr. Jillian Irwin and Entomologist Nicholas Baldauf join as they discuss if Allegheny County is in danger from these threats and how we can prevent them.

Three people lost their lives in two separate crashes Saturday in Franklin County, according to Pennsylvania State Police. A pair of Virginia state senators is urging Governor Abigail Spanberger to call a special session focused on data center development. The Maryland Department of Health has confirmed the state's first human case of West Nile virus this year. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hour 1 - Several tips to keep you safe from mosquito borne diseases.

It's day one of the pan Mass challenge. More mosquitos in Massachusetts are testing positive for West Nile virus. A bill to allow the state to acquire Norwood hospital passes in the house. Stay in "the loop" with WBZ newsradio. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Jurors hear from medical professionals in the Lindsay Clancy trial. Boston police arrest two suspects in connection to an armed robbery in Dorchester. More communities are at risk of the West Nile virus. Stay in "the loop" with WBZ newsradio.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

About this episode:   West Nile virus is the most common mosquito-borne illness in the U.S., and while most people who contract it won't even know they're infected, it can be debilitating for older adults and the immunocompromised. In this episode: an expert in insect-borne diseases gives listeners the essential information on West Nile, offers a forecast on this year's disease season, and answers the most important question: can we just get rid of mosquitoes? Guest:  Douglas Norris, PhD, is a professor of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology who studies vector-borne diseases. Host:  Lindsay Smith Rogers, MA, is the producer of the Public Health On Call podcast, an editor for Expert Insights, and the director of content strategy for the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.  Show links and related content:  CDC Encourages Americans to Stay Mosquito Bite-Free during America's 250th Independence Day holiday weekend—CDC Early, intense West Nile season may signal a severe year for the mosquito-borne illness, CDC says—CNN How to Prevent Dengue or "Break-Bone Fever"—Public Health On Call (May 2024) Why Are Some Humans' Scents More Preferable to Mosquitoes?—Public Health On Call (June 2023) Transcript information: Looking for episode transcripts? Open our podcast on the Apple Podcasts app (desktop or mobile) or the Spotify mobile app to access an auto-generated transcript of any episode. Closed captioning is also available for every episode on our YouTube channel. Contact us: Have a question about something you heard? Looking for a transcript? Want to suggest a topic or guest? Contact us via email or visit our website. Follow us: @‌PublicHealthPod on Bluesky @‌PublicHealthPod on Instagram @‌JohnsHopkinsSPH on Facebook @‌PublicHealthOnCall on YouTube Here's our RSS feed Note: These podcasts are a conversation between the participants, and do not represent the position of Johns Hopkins University.

If you've ever wondered how a daily comedy show can go from camel rides to West Nile mosquitoes, somehow end up roasting Panera's move to Boston, and still find time to debate whether minivans are secretly awesome... congratulations, you've found today's episode.The crew kicks things off with one of the weirdest conversations you'll hear all week after camel videos completely derail the morning. From there it's straight into Missouri mosquito season, West Nile warnings, heat indexes trying to melt highways, and why everyone suddenly feels like checking every birdbath in the neighborhood.Then comes the biggest local story of the day: Panera officially announcing plans to move its headquarters from the St. Louis area to Boston. The gang reacts the only way they know how—with sarcastic conspiracy theories, fake boardroom jargon, Boston jokes, memories of St. Louis Bread Co., questionable bathroom reviews, and plenty of mourning for another hometown company heading east. Somehow the conversation also includes Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, bread bowls, hospital food, and the mysterious career path of CEO Paul Carbone.The chaos doesn't stop there.There's a wild retail theft story where social media becomes the criminals' biggest enemy, stories about detention, paddlings, school punishments that absolutely wouldn't fly today, and enough embarrassing childhood memories to keep therapists employed for years.Later, the crew unexpectedly becomes the biggest supporters of minivans you've ever heard. Sliding doors, cup holders, family road trips, captain's chairs, Toyota Siennas... suddenly everyone's wondering if they judged minivans way too harshly growing up.Of course, no episode would be complete without random tangents about neighborhood cats, weird internet nostalgia, ridiculous listener texts, and the kind of conversations that somehow only happen on The Rizzuto Show.Whether you're here for local St. Louis news, celebrity-style banter, ridiculous arguments, or just looking for a daily comedy show that feels like hanging out with your funniest friends before work, Episode #301 delivers another perfectly unhinged morning.Listen, laugh, argue about Panera bathrooms, and decide for yourself whether camel noises belong on the radio.Follow The Rizzuto Show → https://linktr.ee/rizzshow for more from your favorite daily comedy show.Connect with The Rizzuto Show Comedy Podcast online → https://1057thepoint.com/RizzShow.Hear The Rizz Show daily on the radio at 105.7 The Point | Hubbard Radio in St. Louis, MO.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From camel rides to West Nile mosquitoes, somehow end up roasting Panera's move to Boston, and still find time to debate whether minivans are secretly awesome... congratulations, you've found today's episode.The crew kicks things off with one of the weirdest conversations you'll hear all week after camel videos completely derail the morning. From there it's straight into Missouri mosquito season, West Nile warnings, heat indexes trying to melt highways, and why everyone suddenly feels like checking every birdbath in the neighborhood.Then comes the biggest local story of the day: Panera officially announcing plans to move its headquarters from the St. Louis area to Boston. The gang reacts the only way they know how—with sarcastic conspiracy theories, fake boardroom jargon, Boston jokes, memories of St. Louis Bread Co., questionable bathroom reviews, and plenty of mourning for another hometown company heading east. Somehow the conversation also includes Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, bread bowls, hospital food, and the mysterious career path of CEO Paul Carbone.The chaos doesn't stop there.There's a wild retail theft story where social media becomes the criminals' biggest enemy, stories about detention, paddlings, school punishments that absolutely wouldn't fly today, and enough embarrassing childhood memories to keep therapists employed for years.Later, the crew unexpectedly becomes the biggest supporters of minivans you've ever heard. Sliding doors, cup holders, family road trips, captain's chairs, Toyota Siennas... suddenly everyone's wondering if they judged minivans way too harshly growing up.Of course, no episode would be complete without random tangents about neighborhood cats, weird internet nostalgia, ridiculous listener texts, and the kind of conversations that somehow only happen on The Rizzuto Show.Some people start their morning with coffee. We start ours by arguing about what the word "standby" actually means before immediately spiraling into ancient social media trauma. Seems healthy.This daily comedy show welcomes comedian Bobby Jaycox back into the studio, and from there the rails completely disappear. One minute we're talking about his stand-up shows, the next we're debating whether MySpace deserves another shot at world domination. Would you bring back your Top 8? Would Tom still be your first friend? More importantly... what embarrassing song was automatically blasting from your profile the second someone visited?Naturally, that conversation leads us into the greatest collection of forgotten internet memories imaginable. MySpace profile songs, HTML backgrounds, awkward teenage decisions, and the horrifying realization that some of those old photos may still exist somewhere in the digital universe waiting to ruin careers.As if nostalgia wasn't enough, Lauren somehow gets roped into doing a Chewbacca impression... and then convinces everyone else to try one too. The results are exactly as dignified as you'd expect from grown adults with microphones.Elsewhere in today's chaos...• Bobby shares stories about Nikki Glaser helping promote his comedy shows.• The crew debates whether listening to music should be a solo experience.• Rafe revisits one of the most questionable MySpace profile songs ever selected by a human being.• Moon explains why MySpace worked in the first place—and why bringing it back might be impossible.• Clone conspiracies somehow become a serious topic for several minutes.• Lauren runs through the latest celebrity news, music headlines, TV updates and entertainment gossip during Crap on Celebrities.• Ted Lasso returns.• American Horror Story gets its Avengers-style crossover season.• Eminem auctions off sneakers.• Demi Lovato shuts down clone theories... which naturally only fuels more clone theories around the room.• The gang ranks classic summer songs while simultaneously roasting Kenny Chesney, LFO, Brian Wilson, and basically everyone else.It's another episode where one conversation accidentally creates six more conversations, nobody stays on topic for long, and somehow that's exactly how we like it.Then Mike McKenna from Macadoodles walks into the studio carrying what might be the greatest gift Rafe has ever received: a full-size cardboard cutout of Willie Nelson. Naturally, that leads to conversations about THC drinks, sleep gummies, hemp regulations, getting way too high in Vegas, and why older adults are becoming the biggest fans of Willie Nelson's cannabis beverages.The crew also answers listener emails that somehow become full-blown debates. Is it weird to say hi to the spouses of radio personalities when you see them in public? Does gray hair actually make people more attractive? Should you ever dye it? Why do brothers care if their sister goes gray? The opinions are... surprisingly passionate.Then comes one of the biggest debates of the episode.A listener witnesses someone bringing a dog into a pizza restaurant... then placing the dog ON THE TABLE. The crew is completely split over what's acceptable, what's disgusting, where the line should be, and somehow babies, dirty diapers, dog hair, patios, and pizza all become part of the same conversation.Meanwhile Bobby prepares for his upcoming appearance at the Gathering of the Juggalos, everyone wonders what kind of chaos that comedy show will become, and Rafe volunteers to road trip despite claiming he's only doing it to pay off student loans.It's another completely unfiltered episode filled with ridiculous conversations, listener emails, celebrity randomness, weird news, and exactly the kind of nonsense you've come to expect from The Rizzuto Show.Follow The Rizzuto Show → https://linktr.ee/rizzshow for more from your favorite daily comedy show.Connect with The Rizzuto Show Comedy Podcast online → https://1057thepoint.com/RizzShow.Hear The Rizz Show daily on the radio at 105.7 The Point | Hubbard Radio in St. Louis, MO.Mosquitoes in Desoto Test Positive for West Nile VirusExtreme heat buckles road on Highway K in O'FallonPanera to move headquarters from St. Louis to BostonMillennials are trying to make minivans cool again‘Millennials assemble': Myspace could be making a comebackSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Leo Odle, Primary Care Physician at Optum Arizona, joined Arizona’s Morning News to talk about the 55 cases of West Nile in Arizona, along with prevention steps families should be taking during the rainiest part of the monsoon.

Health officials have confirmed Jackson County's first West Nile virus-positive mosquito pool of the year and are urging residents to eliminate standing water as crews also monitor an invasive day-biting mosquito.

West Nile in Mecklenburg; Charlotte FC resumes season on Wednesday

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello debate if Senator Mitch McConnell's recent hospitalization is due to post-polio syndrome or just old age, how air quality from Maine to Chicago has been affected by the Ontario wild fires, new screwworm, Legionnaires and cyclosporasis cases, the Ebola outbreak in the Congo and development of a novel vaccine and antiviral, before Dr. Griffin deep dives into the measles outbreak, recent statistics on RSV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections, the Wasterwater Scan dashboard, Johns Hopkins measles tracker, how to access and pay for Paxlovid, where to go for answers about long COVID-19, long term effects of COVID-19 immune dysfunction including ocular and gut and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Statement From Senator Mitch McConnell (Mitch McConnell US Senator for Kentucky) Polio(NY Department of Health: Polio) Global polio vaccination (CDC) For Some Survivors, Polio Casts a Long Shadow (GAVI) Former Republican Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell hospitalized (NPR) Hundreds of thousands of Americans live with the long-term effects of polio (CIDRAP) Child Care, Schools, Camps: Outdoor Air Quality Health Recommendations Based on Air Quality Index (NY City of Health: air quality) Current Air Quality (AirNow) Domestically Acquired Cyclosporiasis Cases in Multiple U.S. States, 2026 (CDC: Health Alert Network) How helpful is not up to date? CDC: cyclosporiasis Top 10 Cyclospora questions (Katelyn Jetelina: your local epidemiologist) Cyclospora, wildfire smoke, and another Legionella outbreak (Marisa Donnelly: your local epidemiologist in New York) Cyclospora keeps climbing, a bad West Nile season, truck spraying, and good news (Katelyn Jetelina and Marisa Donnelly: your local epidemiologists) Infectious Disease Outbreaks (Michigan: Health & Human Services) Cyclospora cases up dramatically in New York (Outbreak News Today) Cyclospora Infection (Cyclosporiasis) (NYC Health) Legionnaires' Disease (NYC Health) New York officials find Legionella in 76 cooling towers as cases hit 63 (CIDRAP) Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service) CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom) Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi) EBOLA:The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO) Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo) Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola) Why the fastest-growing Ebola outbreak in history is becoming more challenging (AP News) Oxford begins first human trial of Bundibugyo Ebola vaccine (Reuters) Gilead launches Ebola antiviral trial in DR Congo as cases near 2,000 (CIDRAP) Information for Travelers Returning from Ebola-Affected Areas (CDC: Ebola) Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan) Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola) Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health) Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) UtahMeasles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health) Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins) Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg) Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada) Measles (WHO) Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health) Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC) Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC) Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM) Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America) Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine) Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA) WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP) FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP) Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView) OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option(xofluza) RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) USrespiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection) Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV)) Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) COVID-19 deaths (CDC) Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses) COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC) COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC) SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain) Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda) EUAfor the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD) Infusion center (Prime Fusions) CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC) NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH) Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool) Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro) Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS) Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society) Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV) Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society) What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC) Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC) Anticoagulationguidelines (hematology.org) Daniel Griffin's evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID) Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center) The answers: Long COVID Long-term ocular symptoms following COVID-19 linked to immune dysregulation, dysautonomia and peripheral neuropathy (Nature Communications) Vagal cholinergic denervationof the gastric mucosa in Long-COVID-19: in vivo evidence of structural autonomic dysfunction (International Journal of Infectious Diseases) Reaching out to US house representative Letters read on TWiV 1340 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

With recent warm temperatures, humidity, and high rainfall, mosquitoes are thriving in St. Louis. And these insects don't just cause itchy, annoying bites; they can also carry diseases like West Nile. To evaluate the effectiveness of various anti-mosquito tactics — from natural remedies to yard fogging — we talk with environmentalist Jean Ponzi of the Missouri Botanical Garden and Missouri Extension urban entomologist Emily Althoff.

Summit County Health Department Director Phil Bondurant discusses the impact of wildfires on air quality and West Nile virus in the county, Summit County Sheriff Kacey Bates and Chief Deputy Jon Evans talk about the success of the July Fourth fireworks ban and Park City Opera's Soprano Rachel Kobernick and Executive Director Lena Goldstein discuss their upcoming roles in "The Tender Land" production.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are dismayed over the military deaths due to the voluntary influenza vaccination policy, FDA's first vaccine recommendations since 2023, the efficacy of influenza vaccines, new screwworm, Legionnaires and cyclosporiasis cases, the Ebola outbreak in the DRC and Uganda and before Dr. Griffin deep dives into the measles outbreak, recent statistics on RSV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections, the Wasterwater Scan dashboard, Johns Hopkins measles tracker, how to access and pay for Paxlovid, publication of the blocked COVID-19 vaccine findings, where to go for answers about long COVID-19, use of antivirals in children with COVID-19, severe West Nile disease and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode A1C Keon Talik McDaniel (Bexar Memorial) Hegseth: Flu Vaccine Optional (US Department of War) Air Force trainee in San Antonio, Texas, died from flu(CIDRAP) Key FDA committee unanimously recommends its first vaccine since 2023(NPR) Efficacy and Safety of an mRNA Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adults (NEJM) Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Death in the United States: 2016–2025 (Pediatrics) Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service) CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom) Upper East Side Legionnaires' Outbreak Source Remains Unknown (Bloomberg) Outbreak of diarrhea-causing parasite grows to more than 1,000 cases (AP) Cyclosporiasis outbreak in Michigan exceeds 1,000 cases (WOODTV+) Ebola deaths top 500 as DR Congo health workers threaten to strike (CIDRAP) Ebola deaths in Congo top 500 as health workers threaten to strike (AP) Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)  EBOLA:The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO) Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo) Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola) Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan) Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola) Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health) Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services) Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health) Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins) Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg) Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada) Measles (WHO) Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health) Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola)) Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC) Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC) Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM) Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America) Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine) Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) USrespiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA) WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP) FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots(CIDRAP) Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView) OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza) RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) USrespiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses) RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection) Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV)) Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP) Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health) Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan) COVID-19 deaths (CDC) Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses) COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC) COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC) SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain) Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda) EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD) Infusion center (Prime Fusions) CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC) NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH) Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19 in Children Aged 6 Years and Older (Pediatrics) Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool) Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro) Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS) Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society) Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV) Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society) What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC) Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC) Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org) Daniel Griffin's evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID) Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center) The answers: Long COVID Efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban, colchicine, and famotidine–loratadine with specialist supportive clinical care for fatigue in patients with post-COVID-19 condition in the UK: a multisite, open-label, randomised controlled trial (LANCET: Infectious Diseases) Long-term Sequelae Associated With Severe West Nile Virus Disease in Maricopa County, Arizona, 2021 (OFID) Reaching out to US house representative Letters read on TWiV 1338 Dr. Griffin's COVID treatment summary (pdf) Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

Join Eric, @EnglishNick67, @TimAndrewsHere, @Autopritts, @JaredYamamoto, Greg, and George LIVE on 95.5 WSB from 3 pm-7 pm as they chat about the Legion of Losers, pain vs. pleasure, West Nile hype, and so much more! *New episodes of our sister shows: The Popcast with Tim Andrews and The Nightcap with Jared Yamamoto are available as well!

It's official: mosquitoes trapped in Milford on June 29 tested positive for West Nile virus. results represent the first WNV positive mosquitoes identified in the state by the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station this year. We spoke with Dr. Philip Armstrong, Chief Scientist at the CAES about mosquito bite prevention and concerns.

HOUR 3 (07/08) – Gary & Shannon cover the day's biggest headlines, including renewed U.S. military strikes on Iran, soaring oil prices, dangerous heat and humidity moving into Southern California, a spike in West Nile virus-carrying mosquitoes, and Burbank Airport's massive terminal expansion.Then it's the return of #WhatchaWatchinWeds as listeners share their latest binge-worthy picks, Shannon recommends Amazon's Elle, and the Emmy nominations spark a conversation about who deserved a spot, and who got left out.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Our region joins a lawsuit against HUD. Long Island hunters can now bag more deer. Mosquitoes from Milford test positive for the West Nile virus. Plus, the latest from WSHU's Good at Heart.

Contributor: Meghan Hurley, MD Educational Pearls: What animal is the most lethal to humans?  Depending on how we define lethal, and animal, this answer is actually not straight forward.  Globally and in the U.S. the most lethal animal is humans, accounting for ~436,000 to ~20,000 deaths (homicides) per year on average respectively.  In the United States the most lethal animal is of the Hymenoptera order (bees, wasps, and hornets). It accounts for approximately ~60 deaths per year from anaphylaxis. Globally the number is harder to track, but is estimated between 250–3,800 deaths globally annually.  Globally the most lethal animal is venomous snakes, accounting for between 60,000-150,000 per year (whereas in the United States this number is closer to ~5).  Mosquitos, as a vector however for the pathogens they transmit, out rank all as the most lethal globally (excluding humans).   What are the key take-aways for each insect discussed in this episode? Mosquitos: In the United States, of lesser concern. Can potentially transmit West Nile Virus in the United States. Otherwise, treatment for general mosquito bites is topical antihistamines and over the counter steroid creams.  Hymenoptera order (bees, wasps, and hornets): Distributed throughout the US, and can also live in the ground.  Bees lose their stinger during a sting. Whereas wasps do not and can sting multiple times.  Typically stings are just localized for symptoms (pain and swelling) but can become anaphylactic.  Treat with IM Epinephrine as the first line. Consider bronchodilators from bronchospasms.  Multiple stings (around ~100), can cause end organ damage and rhabdomyolysis outside of just anaphylaxis alone. Require more aggressive management.  Fire Ants: Behave similar to bees (in swarm mentality), but have differing venoms. Can also cause global symptoms. Black Widow:  No deaths from Latrodectus hesperus (Western Black Widow) recorded in the United States. There are 3 deaths globally from widow species. Two from Madagascar, and one from a Mediterranean species of widow. Debate in the toxicology community about use of the antivenom, which may account for more deaths than the bite itself.  Black Widow bites are typically painful. Which is different from bites from recluse species.   Brown Recluse:  Rare in Colorado Typically painless bite, that creates a center necrotic eschar.  Tend to also not be lethal.  Bed Bugs Typically harmless and more of a nuisance to have. Can cause localized infections.  Bite presents in a "Breakfast, Lunch, and Dinner" formation (i.e. linear 2-3 or more bites as the bug tracks and feeds on skin).  Will feed primarily on exposed skin. The biggest concern is ensuring no cross contamination from patient to provider or facility.  Bed bug bite delivers a small amount of local anesthetic, which can make them hard to detect. References Haskell MG, Langley RL. Animal-Encounter Fatalities, United States, 1999-2016: Cause of Death and Misreporting. Public Health Rep. 2020;135(6):831-841. doi:10.1177/0033354920953211 Herness J, Snyder MJ, Newman RS. Arthropod Bites and Stings. AFP. 2022;106(2):137-147. GBD 2019 Snakebite Envenomation Collaborators. Global mortality of snakebite envenoming between 1990 and 2019. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):6160. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33627-9 Wei YL, Wu Z, Li RL, Tang F. Review of selected mosquito-borne diseases: arboviruses (dengue, chikungunya, Zika, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, yellow fever) and parasitic diseases (malaria, lymphatic Filariasis). Front Public Health. 2025;13:1712094. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1712094 Forsberg K, Sheats KJ, Blair JM, et al. Surveillance for Violent Deaths - National Violent Death Reporting System, 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, 2022. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2025;74(5):1-42. doi:10.15585/mmwr.ss7405a1 Summarized by Dan Orbidan, OMS2 | Edited by Dan Orbidan & Ahmed Abdel-Hafiz, NREMT-P   Donate: https://emergencymedicalminute.org/donate/   Join our mailing list: http://eepurl.com/c9ouHf

Your Nebraska Update headlines for today, July 2, include: Gov. Jim Pillen approved permanent medical cannabis regulations after Attorney General Mike Hilgers determined they meet statutory and constitutional requirements, county officials are pushing back after governor suggested assessors share responsibility for rising property taxes, Lincoln health officials detected Jamestown Canyon virus in mosquitoes while also urging vigilance because of West Nile virus activity, fire officials warn hot windy Fourth of July conditions could increase wildfire risks tied to fireworks, two Nebraska high school marching bands are headed to Washington D.C. to help celebrate America's 250th anniversary, Nebraska Public Media News analyzes county laws recently passed regarding data centers.

(July 01, 2026) Amy King and Neil Saavedra join Bill for Handel on the News. Heat wave trudges East on Wednesday, putting millions more at risk. Ballot measure to let noncitizens vote in LA elections scrapped by City Council. After Supreme Court loss, President Trump calls on Congress to pass a law banning birthright citizenship. Health officials warn of West Nile virus in mosquito In Alhambra, human infection in Long Beach.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Health officials are concerned by the number of West Nile virus cases they're seeing, a new power plant is facing scrutiny for allegedly skirting permitting requirements, and a recent report outlines the state of senior healthcare and how Georgia compares.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In Episode 208, Scott Piehler's topics include: No answers in the dismissal of Coach Arnerich. The Planning Board discusses pro soccer on Bay Farm. An Alameda County grand jury examines Alameda's emergency operations. An extended look at our local real estate market. Local rowers bring home the gold. West Nile is detected in Alameda County. Another great Sand Castle competition. Plus events for the first full weekend of Summer. Support the show• AlamedaPost.com • Podcast • Events • Contact •• Facebook •  Instagram • Threads • BlueSky • Reddit • Mastodon • NextDoor • TikTok • YouTube • Apple News •

The seasons first batch of mosquitos has tested positive for West Nile virus, More trouble in the middle east, Another scare in the air over Boston. Stay in "The Loop" with WBZ Newsradio.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

RaeAnn Tucker joined Wake Up Tri-Counties to discuss West Nile Virus, Men's Health Week and Month, the WIC Program, radon test kits, and the Henry County Fair. Henry and Stark County health officials are highlighting several summer health reminders. During National Mosquito Control Awareness Week, residents are urged to reduce standing water, use EPA-approved repellents, and report stagnant water to help prevent West Nile virus. Free rapid HIV testing will be offered on June 26th at First Choice Healthcare Clinics in Kewanee and Toulon. June is also National Safety Month, and radon test kits are available for $15, with elevated levels found in many local homes. Families can also apply for WIC assistance in person or online. For details, call 309-852-0197 or visit henrystarkhealth.com.

On today's newscast: Plans for ground transportation from surrounding airports during Aspen-Pitkin County Airport closure next summer, West Nile virus has been detected in mosquitoes in Battlement Mesa, Aspen Ideas: Health panelists discuss the medical community's lack of menopause education, and more.

A Las Vegas man accused of murdering his wife 20 years after she fell to her death, we take a look at a new school coming to the Northwest part of Las Vegas, West Nile virus is detected in mosquitoes for the first time this season in the valley and more on 7@7.

Your Nebraska Update headlines for today, June 23, include: marijuana advocates remain frustrated by lack of progress launching state's voter-approved cannabis program one year after Nebraska Medical Marijuana Commission's first meeting, Nebraska reports its first human case of West Nile virus this season in north-central Nebraska, Omaha officials investigate new sinkhole that opened along future streetcar route in Blackstone District, South Fork Fire near Fort Robinson reaches 90% containment after burning nearly 40,000 acres, Lincoln nonprofit works to reduce waste by helping residents repair items instead of throwing them away, development of large-scale data centers is booming across the Midwest and South.

Host: Darryl S. Chutka, M.D.  Guest: Stacey Rizza, M.D.  Although vector-borne illnesses can be acquired by travel to distant parts of the world, some can be acquired here in the U.S. As a result, these infections become pertinent to primary care clinicians as they can produce serious complications. When should we suspect a vector-borne illness in a patient? How do we distinguish it from other viral syndromes? What are some of the serious complications that can occur? In today's podcast, we'll be discussing three vector-borne illnesses including Zika virus, West Nile virus, and Dengue Fever. My guest is an infectious disease specialist, Dr. Stacey Rizza from the Mayo Clinic as we discuss “Vector-Borne Illnesses”.  Connect with us! Mayo Clinic Talks Podcast Season 6 | Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development 

U.S. President Donald Trump is praising the agreement struck with Iran, while at the same time admitting it could fall apart. A draft released by Washington shows they agreed to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, and release billions of dollars in frozen Iranian assets.Also: CBC gets rare access with the UN secretary general on a trip to Haiti. Canada is helping back an international force to help control the gangs that have roamed the streets of Port-Au-Prince.And: Mosquitoes in Canada are very rarely deadly. But that reality is changing with the climate. Already, the insects have brought in the West Nile virus and encephalitis. Researchers are now trying to find ways to fend off a mosquito that spreads yellow fever, dengue and Zika.Plus: MAID recommendations, a federal report on the Titan submersible, suspended citizenship, and more.

Maryland's humid climate drives a mosquito season from April through October, with real health risks like West Nile virus in play. Professional treatments, contractor vetting tips, and DIY prevention strategies are all covered here. To learn more, visit https://connorspestpros.com/bethesda-md-mosquito-control-top-exterminators-prices/ Connor's Pest Pros City: Springfield Address: 5410 Port Royal Rd Website: https://connorspestpros.com/contact/

Learn why professional mosquito control can reduce populations by up to 90%, protect your family from diseases like West Nile virus, and finally let you enjoy your outdoor spaces. Get practical tips and what to expect from expert treatment. Learn more at https://connorspestpros.com/sterling-va-mosquito-control-top-companies-costs/ Connor's Pest Pros City: Springfield Address: 5410 Port Royal Rd Website: https://connorspestpros.com/contact/

* Why did Governor Landry crack down on the New Orleans court system? Tyler Bridges, the chief political reporter for The Advocate, has the inside story; and we'll get the details. * West Nile was recently discovered in mosquitoes in New Orleans. We'll talk about what the disease is and how it spreads

West Nile was recently discovered in mosquitoes in New Orleans. Let's talk about what the disease is and how it spreads with Dr. Fred Lopez, Professor of Medicine in the Section of Infectious Diseases at LSU Health New Orleans

Mosquitoes are frequently called the world's deadliest insect. They kill more people every year than any other creature by spreading diseases like malaria, West Nile virus and Zika. In an effort to combat the disease carrying-bug in the U.S., Google is creating an army of sterile male mosquitoes by infecting them with bacteria. It's hoped that over time these mosquitoes will lower the population of mosquitoes that carry some illnesses. James Gallagher, BBC health and science correspondent, explains how the process works and the reasons Google is interested in this area of research. We also hear from Dorcas Wangira, a global health reporter, about the release of genetically modified mosquitoes in Djibouti. She explains why it's important to engage with local communities about the issue. Instagram: @bbcwhatintheworld Email: whatintheworld@bbc.co.uk WhatsApp: +44 330 12 33 22 6 Presenter: Hannah Gelbart Producers: William Lee Adams and Stefania Okereke Editor: Verity Wilde

We give you an update on election results we're following in LA. Non-tenure-track faculty at USC have voted to unionize after more than a year of opposition and legal challenges from the university. Officials in Orange County have detected West Nile virus in mosquitos. Plus, more from Evening Edition. Support The L.A. Report by donating at LAist.com/join and by visiting https://laist.comSupport the show: https://laist.com

Lawmakers in Baton Rouge wrapped up the regular session this week without money in the budget to give teachers another one-time stipend, as they've done for the past three years. Instead, Gov. Jeff Landry is asking lawmakers to pull the money needed from existing school funding. WWNO and WRKF's education reporter Aubri Juhasz joins us for more on this topic. Summer is right around the corner, and that means it's mosquito season in our part of Louisiana. They're an annoyance, of course, but they're also a public health concern because mosquitoes are vectors for diseases like the West Nile virus.Kevin Caillouet, director & medical entomologist with the St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, tells us how to protect ourselves from mosquitoes while still being a good steward of the environment.How do you quantify the music economy in a city like Baton Rouge? Where does the data come from? Who do you ask? Those are the questions the Arts Council of Greater Baton Rouge pursued when it conducted the Baton Rouge Region Music Census. And they recently released a report detailing what they found out.Jonathan Grimes, President & CEO of Arts Council of Greater Baton Rouge, tells us what the findings revealed about the entertainment economy in the capital city. —Today's episode of Louisiana Considered was hosted by Adam Vos. Our managing producer is Alana Schreiber. We get production support from Garrett Pittman and our assistant producer, Aubry Procell.You can listen to Louisiana Considered Monday through Friday at noon and 7 p.m. It's available on Spotify, the NPR App and wherever you get your podcasts. Louisiana Considered wants to hear from you!Please fill out our pitch line to let us know what kinds of story ideas you have for our show. And while you're at it, fill out our listener survey! We want to keep bringing you the kinds of conversations you'd like to listen to.Louisiana Considered is made possible with support from our listeners. Thank you!

Mosquitos are finding a way to survive the Phoenix's extreme heat. How much of a threat is West Nile in the desert? Plus, we'll hear from a Vatican astronomer with ties to Arizona.

Advances in immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis and related disorders have increased the risk of infections and raised important questions about vaccination efficacy. This episode reviews infection risks across treatment classes, emphasizes the importance of monitoring and patient education, and discusses optimal vaccine timing to preserve protective immune responses. In this episode, Aaron L. Berkowitz, MD, PhD, FAAN, speaks with Avindra Nath, MBBS, FAAN, coauthor of the article "Infection Risk and Vaccine Considerations in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders" in the Continuum® April 2026 Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders issue. Dr. Berkowitz is a Continuum® Audio interviewer and a professor of neurology in the Department of Neurology at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, California. Dr. Nath is the chief of the Section of Infections of the Nervous System at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, in Bethesda, Maryland Additional Resources Read the article: Infection Risk and Vaccine Considerations in Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @AaronLBerkowitz Full episode transcript available here Dr Berkowitz: Over the last decades, there has been a revolution in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and other immune-mediated neurologic conditions with countless new, highly effective medications. However, with every new treatment comes new risks; and in the case of immunomodulatory therapy, many of those risks relate to infection. Today, I have the privilege of talking with an expert on this topic, Dr Avindra Nath, about the infectious risks of treatments for multiple sclerosis and other immune-mediated neurologic disorders.  Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast.  Dr Berkowitz: This is Dr Aaron Berkowitz, and today I'm interviewing Dr Avi Nath about his article on vaccine considerations and infection risk in multiple sclerosis and related disorders, which he coauthored with Dr Amit Bar-Or. This article appears in the April 2026 Continuum issue on multiple sclerosis. Welcome to the podcast, Dr Nath, and could you please introduce yourself to our audience?  Dr Nath: Thanks very much for inviting me to this podcast. I'm absolutely delighted to have the opportunity to discuss our areas of interest and expertise related to infections and vaccinations for MS patients. My area has been studying the infections of the nervous system since the beginning of the AIDS pandemic, and over the years and decades, we've developed expertise related to various types of CNS infections. That includes ones that are developing in individuals who have immune compromise due to a variety of different reasons. Dr Berkowitz: Fantastic. Well, glad to have the opportunity to speak with you today. When I was in medical school---and you were my attending, actually, we were just reminiscing, which we probably think was not that long ago, but is now over twenty years ago---there were just two medications for MS, right? Beta interferon and glatiramer acetate. And now we have over a dozen, and it's amazing to think of all the progress in these last two decades, as well as for related diseases like NMO. I don't think we even had the aquaporin-four biomarker, right, when I was working with you as a med student in the early 2000s. Dr Nath: And that certainly dates me a lot.  Dr Berkowitz: Both of us.  Dr Nath: Yeah.  Dr Berkowitz: Of course, with all these new treatments, these have been amazing advances for our patients, right? But these come with new treatment-related risks to monitor for with the immunomodulatory medications for MS and related disorders. And one of those most important risks is that of infection. So, your article reviews the potential infectious complications of medications used to treat MS, NMO, etc, and also covers considerations related to thinking about vaccines in this patient population. So, as the MS treatment landscape grows, I can say as a general neurologist, keeping up with all these medications and what to screen for and what to worry about and when to vaccinate just becomes more challenging every year. And your article has so many helpful tables, some organized by medicine, some organized by- sorry, medication, some organized by infection, some by vaccines. So, this is gonna be a great resource for our providers to print out and tape up in their clinic rooms. We won't be able to get into all the depth and detail that you have in this article today, but I do want to focus on some of the key points here related to the common medications we use for MS and which infections to think about and which vaccine considerations we might need to keep in mind for these medications. But before we delve into the drugs, I just wanna ask you more broadly, you talk in the article about the challenge of patients with immune-mediated diseases who are on immunomodulatory therapy being at risk for both flares of their disease and for infections; and these infections can present somewhat atypically, right, in immunomodulated hosts, to maybe coin a term you can correct me on, because they can't mount the full inflammatory response. So how do you approach new symptoms in patients on these immunomodulatory medicines as far as distinguishing disease flare from a treatment-related infection?  Dr Nath: So, I have to say that although a lot of new treatments have come along for MS, and they've really, you know, improved the outcome tremendously and there are so many different options, it has also kept people like me relevant because they cause a lot of various types of infections, and so keeps me in business all the same. But just as you mentioned, there's so many of them, even I have difficulty keeping track of what does what. So, you do need to be able to refer back to published literature, and the tables, I hope, will be quite useful in that regard. You're absolutely right, and you can get new infections, you can get reactivation of existing infections, and you can get atypical presentations of various types of infections that you may not normally think of. So that presents multiple challenges to the treating physician. The other interesting thing about MS is, just as you mentioned, that you already have CNS lesions to begin with. Now, on top of it, you have an infection, so now how to sort out what is the existing disease and what is the infection, it can again become challenging. But one thing is for sure: all these infections are caused by an organism. So, what you really need to do is, the underlying diagnostic is to demonstrate the presence of the organism. Whether you demonstrate it depending on the infection in the spinal fluid or in the brain or, you know, some peripheral organ system, that is going to be key to making the diagnosis. So, all your clinical acumen is good, but that alone may not be sufficient. Dr Berkowitz: Very good. So, when you see a, a patient now who has a new neurologic symptom in the context of an immune-mediated disease who's on immunomodulatory therapy, what goes through your mind? Are you thinking this disease and this drug, and sort of what are the infections, and does the syndrome match? Or are you thinking, you know, you can't always rely on the imaging to distinguish between, say, a flare of an MS and PML because white matter lesions could look similar? How do you sort of approach this scenario when it comes up?  Dr Nath: So, you're right. You have to keep an open mind so that even though you know some infections are more likely to occur with certain types of medications, that doesn't mean that others cannot occur. So, I think when you first see the patient, you should not jump to conclusions, but rather have an open mind. But yes, for example, your patient is on natalizumab, the chances of PML are going to be high. It's a very interesting drug. It does not cause immune compromise in the periphery, but what it's doing is preventing these cells from getting into the brain. So, because then it's acting at the blood-brain barrier. So that means that organisms that are already present in the brain have an opportunity to get reactivated. Turns out you don't have a lot of organisms in the brain, except JC virus seems to be one of them that does somehow, in some individuals, manage to reside out there. And so that can get reactivated. It can get reactivated in the periphery and then enter the brain, too. So, where the very specific mutations have to occur in that virus in order to take residence in the brain. That would be a suspicion that you might have, and MRI can be useful in, again, helping you think about that possibility. If you have typical lesions involving the U fibers, they're demyelinating, usually you do not have much edema around them because patient is immune compromised, but certainly within the brain in these individuals. And so, then you need to demonstrate the organism. The demonstration of the organism should be in the spinal fluid and not in the blood because in the virus, it can-- is reservoir in the kidneys and in the lymph nodes, and periodically it'll shed into the blood. Detection of the organism in the blood can be a false positive, but in the spinal fluid, it shouldn't be there unless you have an infection. Or if you cause a traumatic tap, I guess, if a patient is viremic, that's a possibility, but those are extremely rare. So at least for PML, that's the way that you would diagnose it. Now, you can develop, for example, if an individual is on fingolimod, you can get a wide variety of infections. Here it's a totally different type of mechanism of action. Here the cells are trapped within the lymph nodes, so that means now your entire periphery is immune compromised, right?  So here you can get viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections. So here, if a patient presents with new neurological symptoms, you have to have a really open mind for all these possibilities. Now, let's say a patient was on dimethyl fumarate, and dimethyl fumarate causes neutropenia early on. So here you have to worry about an individual developing bacterial infections, so latent tuberculosis or bacterial meningitis can occur in these individuals. That's something to keep in mind. It's not that other infections cannot occur with dimethyl fumarate, you can see PML and other things too, but the chances of bacterial infections are greater. So, you got to make sure that you draw all the cultures for that purpose. Similarly, if you're on a complement inhibitor, like a C5 inhibitor or the thing that I could use in NMO, there are the chances of meningococcal meningitis. So, these patients, you need to prevaccinate them before you start these kinds of treatments and look for that possibility. When you suspect bacterial infections, particularly acute bacterial meningitis, there time is of essence. Also, in some of the acute viral infections, for example---herpes encephalitis is another one---you have to be so careful, and if you suspect any of them, even if they're with possibly atypical manifestations, you treat first and then diagnose later, and draw all your cultures, whatever you need to, and just treat them. And these infections can also cause cerebral edema, so one has to be careful about doing spinal taps in these individuals. You want some kind of neuroimaging before you do them. In the days when we didn't have neuroimaging, we used to say, "Okay, if your patient has focal neurological signs or is comatose, you don't do it." But these days, you can get imaging very quickly and very easily. All the-- Because of our stroke management, we've learned how to do them so quickly. So, I think there's little excuse not to do imaging and prevent herniation from occurring.  Dr Berkowitz: That's very helpful. So, using the information we know about the drug, and we're going to rapid-fire review some of that in a bit to know what infections the patient is susceptible to, but acknowledging that any patient can get any infection, right? Whether they're on particular medications or not. And then if you're not sure, based on the neuroimaging, which as you said, is helpful, but not always helpful in distinguishing between infections and flares or, as you said, in the case of meningitis, encephalitis, early on at least, especially in immunocompromised or immunomodulated, quote unquote, patient might not see the typical imaging. So really, when safe, getting CSF or cultures, PCRs, and other infectious studies too is really gonna be the definitive diagnostic maneuver here. Is that fair summary across the board?  Dr Nath: I think you said that absolutely right. And you summarized that correctly. And, you know, thing about infection, a lot of neurological diseases are, you know, diagnosed by clinical acumen, like your Parkinson's and Alzheimer's and others. Think about infections is caused by an organism, demonstrate the organism, right? That should be your goal. It doesn't mean that clinical acumen is not important, but here you have an opportunity to demonstrate the organism, so you should depend upon that.  Dr Berkowitz: Okay. Well, you gave us a nice segue by talking about some of the infections to worry about with some of the medications. So what I'd like to do now for the sort of second half of our interview here is to go through some of the more common medications used for MS, and if we have time, for NMO, and just sort of go kind of rapid fire here, and for each medication, if you can tell us the kind of top infectious concerns and whether when to consider them or what screening needs to take place before or during administration of the medication, and then any vaccine considerations we should be aware of. Some of these will obviously be quite short depending on the medicine. So, going back to the two medications I alluded to earlier that were the only ones in play when you and I last saw each other on the wards when I was a medical student, beta interferon, glatiramer acetate, any infections or vaccine considerations with these medications?  Dr Nath: No, I think they're probably your safest medications now as far as immunomodulatory therapies are concerned. These two, and IVIG, if you ever use them, are probably the safest, do not require any vaccine considerations, per se. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. Okay. So, moving on to fingolimod and others in the sphingosine-one phosphate receptor modulator family, what are the infectious considerations? Any prescreening or vaccination considerations?  Dr Nath: I think all your patients should be prescreened for antibodies to JC virus, because there is a risk for PML, and those who are positive should be closely monitored. So, it's not an absolute contraindication for using these medications, but they just require closer monitoring. With this class of drugs, PML is of consideration. Also, these varicella-zoster virus infection, yeah, with that you can develop zoster encephalitis or myelitis. It can present with motor symptoms as well, which can be atypical. You don't usually see them otherwise in immune-competent individuals. So, varicella-zoster, sometimes you can develop encephalitis, also vasculitis with varicella-zoster, so one has to be careful. So, getting the shingles vaccine can be actually very helpful to prevent these things. And then some patients can even develop herpes simplex encephalitis also, and that can be extremely atypical. So, they don't- they can involve the basal ganglia, can involve the brain stem and cerebellum. So again, your index of suspicion should be very high. Interestingly, although HSV encephalitis has been associated with NMDA receptor encephalitis, those reports of NMDA receptor encephalitis have not been published yet with NMS patients. Not sure why, maybe they just have been missed. But that doesn't seem to be a major concern. And then there are a whole host of other infections that can occur with this class of drugs, and that can include toxo; fungal infections, particularly crypto. There's a case report of histoplasmosis; hepatitis virus, particularly hepatitis C; and then the poxvirus is a good example. You can get molluscum contagiosum; warts with papillomavirus; you can get atypical mycobacteria; and even Kaposi sarcoma, which is HHV8. So, there's a huge variety of infections with the sphingosine one phosphate receptor modulators.  Dr Berkowitz: And any- aside from screening for JC virus before initiating these, any- and then continuing to monitor for JC antibody index, any other considerations as far as labs to send, monitoring before or on the drug or vaccine considerations for patients on fingolimod and the others in this category, siponimod, etcetera?  Dr Nath: Yeah, there are a lot of things to consider. All the details are really available in the chapter if you look at them. But briefly, all the things that one could potentially vaccinate patients for, all these infections I mentioned, one should do so. The timing is critical so that if you can do it before treatment, I think, before starting treatment, that is absolutely important. And you got to give them at least, you know, two to three weeks for these vaccines to take effect before starting your medication. If your patient already arrives on a medication, then you got to play this game of you know, before the next dose, give them again two to three weeks before the next dose and start vaccinating them and get all the vaccines in. Broadly, about the things to worry about the vaccines are you have live vaccines, and you've got the inactivated vaccines or the subunit vaccines. You have to be careful with live vaccines, because if your patient is immunocompromised, that virus can sometimes itself cause harm. For example, you know, yellow fever is one, and there you can develop encephalitis from it. Measles, mumps, rubella, these are all live vaccines. Now, the good thing is that a lot of us have been immunized very early in childhood, but that may not be the case any longer. And so, these things, one has to be very careful with when you're giving live vaccines, that we want to avoid them as much as possible, and individuals are gonna be immune-compromised. But all the others, meningococcus, for example, you should- the HPV vaccines, the varicella zoster vaccines, all these things, you've got to pre-vaccinate and make sure that they have an antibody response to them before starting immunocompromising therapy. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. Okay, moving on to some of the other orals. What infectious and/or vaccine considerations do we have with teriflunomide?  Dr Nath: Okay, yeah. Teriflunomide is a very interesting drug. It's relatively safe. There is concern about the possibility of varicella zoster infection, people have reported that, and also tuberculosis. But PML is extremely rare, if not at all, and we haven't seen herpes encephalitis quite yet.  Dr Berkowitz: Got it. How about dimethyl fumarate? Dr Nath: Yeah. So dimethyl fumarate is... as I mentioned earlier, it's interesting because it causes this neutropenia. It's transient, but it occurs early on, and these patients can be at risk of PML, although small. They can develop varicella zoster virus infection, herpes encephalitis, and also fungal infections. For example, cryptococcal infection has been reported with dimethyl fumarate. Dr Berkowitz: Okay. We've spoken a bit about natalizumab and PML, and you have extensive information on this in your article, and I'll defer the reader to that. But for natalizumab, what are the key points every neurologist should know about natalizumab and PML as far as from the practical perspective, screening, frequency of screening, when to worry, when to not use natalizumab at all in the first place based on what you find in your screening for JC virus? What are the key points every neurologist should know?  Dr Nath: Uh, yes. You bring up an important point, and that is all patients should be monitored for JC virus. If they're JC virus-negative, so that's your most ideal patient to go on natalizumab, but that doesn't mean they cannot get infected with the virus. In fact, there's an interesting study claiming that, you know, patients, when they get these infusions, they're all sitting in the same room getting infused. Some have JC virus, some don't have JC virus, and so there's the potential that we may be aiding the transmission here in some way or another. The virus is an interesting one. It comes out in urine, and then it's spread through oral contamination, gets into the tonsils, and then spreads from there to your marrow and resides in the kidney and the marrow, as well as the lymph nodes, forever. So, you, you have to monitor these patients to see that during the course, even if they're negative, they could turn out positive. So, every six months or a year, an antibody test should be done on all patients irrespective. If a patient already has antibodies, that's not an absolute contraindication. It just means you've got to monitor them closely for development of new symptoms, and if, whenever there are new symptoms, don't just assume this is due to MS, but just make sure the MRI is done with and without contrast. The- and if there's still a suspicion, that you do a CSF evaluation for JC virus. Just detecting, looking for JC virus in the blood, a rising titer is another thing that can help you. And so, the titer is also important. And the reason you have rising titers is it means that there's an infection that's already occurred in the brain, and the immune system is reacting to that infection by increasing titers. But that alone is not sufficient to make the diagnosis. You still- that gives you an index of suspicion. You've got to then do the MRI and the spinal tap to, you know, be absolutely certain. So, each patient is a little bit different, so the way you monitor them is going to depend on where they are. You know, if they've had prior immunomodulatory therapy before starting natalizumab, or if they're on natalizumab for more than two years, then the chances of PML are much greater, so you may want to monitor them more closely. Uh, they never had any prior immunomodulatory therapy, you're just starting natalizumab, maybe once a year is sufficient. So, I think you've got to tailor it depending on what your risks are for each patient. Dr Berkowitz: Perfect. That's very helpful. And again, you write extensively about PML and natalizumab and PML considerations in your article. So, for a more detailed and in-depth discussion of what we just discussed, definitely hope readers will take a look at your article. Okay. Last but not least---certainly not least, 'cause we're using these probably, it seems, the most commonly in many places I've worked---rituximab, ocrelizumab are B-cell therapies for MS. What are some of the infectious and vaccine considerations related to these infusion medications?  Dr Nath: So, there's concern for PML with anti-B-cell therapies also, maybe not to the same degree as natalizumab, but the same principles should be applied. A lot of people think that these are relatively safe. I don't think so. I think we see enough number of patients on B-cell therapies with PML. So, I would use the same caution because these infections are... you know, can be fatal. So, one should be very careful, even with anti-B-cell therapies. And just with natalizumab, you also have the risk of VZV infection causing shingles. HSV1 has been reported, but there's another interesting complication that has been reported with anti-B-cell therapies, and that is severe West Nile encephalitis. And as mosquitoes-borne diseases are getting more and more prevalent, and we're seeing West Nile cases erupting every summer, I think one's got to be, you know, very cognizant of the fact that this can occur. These patients should take precautions to prevent mosquito bites from occurring and not expose themselves to areas where they could be at risk for it. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for it and no specific treatment for West Nile. So, all one can do is use prevention strategies for mosquito bites.  Dr Berkowitz: Yeah, I'm glad you mentioned that. I think the only really truly severe neuroinvasive cases I've seen of West Nile virus have indeed been in patients who were being treated with B-cell therapy. Not, if I'm remembering correctly, for immune-mediated disease, but for a lymphoma, so probably other confounding factors there. But yeah, it's a disease we learn about and think about, but I've only seen the most severe cases in patients who had abnormal immune systems, so I'm glad you flagged that. This has been a very helpful discussion, and I've learned a lot from you. I learned a lot from your article, just as I did when you were my attending some 20-something years ago on the wards when I was a medical student. So, it's good to continue learning from you through your writing and research, and today from getting to talk to you again. I encourage our readers to read your article and to bookmark those tables for when these considerations come up for your patients on these immunomodulatory therapies and you're wondering which infections to worry about and how to manage vaccines in this patient population. So again, today I've been interviewing Dr. Avi Nath about his article on vaccine considerations and infection risk in multiple sclerosis and related disorders, which he wrote with Dr. Amit Bar-Or. This article appears in the April 2026 Continuum issue on multiple sclerosis. Be sure to check out Continuum Audio episodes from this and other issues, and thank you again to our listeners for joining today.  Dr Nath: Thank you so much, Aaron, for that wonderful interview, and I'm extremely proud of all your accomplishments over the last 20 years. You've done an amazing job, and it was such a pleasure to see you and to be able to do this interview with you. Thank you again.  Dr Berkowitz: Thanks. That means a lot. I never would have imagined- we won't say 20, how many, but 20-something years ago as the medical student looking up to you and all your expertise on these infections and all of your research that led to so much of our understanding on these, that I would find myself interviewing you two decades later. So, for all the students listening, you never know where you'll end up, but I appreciate your very kind words.  Dr Nath: That's what we hope for all our students. Thank you so much.  Dr Berkowitz: Thanks again.  Dr Monteith: This is Dr. Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.