Podcasts about graduates

The workplace wisdom that a university degree is a sure-fire key to success is very much in question—and the trend started long before AI began eating jobs. Russia has launched yet another summer offensive in Ukraine, and appears to be going for broke. And our journalists share their picks for the year's best books so far.Get a world of insights by subscribing to Economist Podcasts+. For more information about how to access Economist Podcasts+, please visit our FAQs page or watch our video explaining how to link your account. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The workplace wisdom that a university degree is a sure-fire key to success is very much in question—and the trend started long before AI began eating jobs. Russia has launched yet another summer offensive in Ukraine, and appears to be going for broke. And our journalists share their picks for the year's best books so far.Get a world of insights by subscribing to Economist Podcasts+. For more information about how to access Economist Podcasts+, please visit our FAQs page or watch our video explaining how to link your account.

In our continuing series on exploitation filmmaker Jack Hill, director Elijah Drenner (THAT GUY DICK MILLER, AMERICAN GRINDHOUSE) joins us to discuss Jack's women-in-prison films he made for Roger Corman's New World Pictures: THE BIG DOLL HOUSE and THE BIG BIRD CAGE. With 20 years of experience making featurettes and extras for Blu-rays and DVDs (including the one included on THE BIG DOLL HOSE disc), Elijah has an unique perspective into these films and Jack's career, having been able to interview him several times for various releases of Hill's films. Elijah talks about his love for Jack's films, as well as what he thinks is the perfect women-in-prison film, and the difficulty of trying to get the story behind the story of the films we all love. This episode is not only a celebration of Jack Hill's career, but also of the importance of these behind-the-scenes extras and the context they bring to film history. As physical media lovers ourselves, it was a joy to talk to Elijah about his work and career, and the man we are trying to learn about through this chronological dive into his filmography, Jack Hill.  For more about Elijah, visit his website here. For all the shows in Someone's Favorite Productions Podcast Network, head here:  https://www.someonesfavoriteproductions.com/ 

In this episode, I sit down with legendary coach and Hall of Fame weightlifter Dan John to talk all things strength, health, and longevity. Dan shares decades of hard-earned wisdom—from the foundational exercises he swears by to how real food, rest, and smart supplementation fuel a life well-lived. We go beyond reps and routines to explore aging with strength, the underrated power of simplicity in fitness, and why consistency trumps complexity every time. Whether you're a seasoned athlete or just starting your wellness journey, Dan's no-nonsense approach offers a playbook for staying strong in body and sharp in mind. Key Takeaways: Simplicity in Fitness: Dan John espouses the philosophy of keeping fitness routines straightforward and effective, focusing on core lifts like pushes, picks, and carries. Dietary Wisdom: Advocates for whole foods including olives, salmon, and fermented foods, highlighting their importance in maintaining long-term health. Progressive Resistance Training: Emphasizes the longevity and efficacy of progressive resistance exercises, highlighting benefits across ages. Mindful Ageing in Fitness: Insights on maintaining strength and adapting workouts with age, focusing on weaknesses to sustain overall strength. Smart Supplementation: Highlights the importance of supplements like creatine, zinc, magnesium, and Vitamin D, especially for cognitive and physical health. More About Daniel John: Dan John has been lifting since 1965 and has won national championships in the discus throw, Olympic lifting, Highland Games and the Weight Pentathlon.  He recently was awarded a Lifetime Achievement Award from Great Britain for his contributions in the field of strength and conditioning. A Fulbright Scholar, he has a vast experience in scholarship, academics, and athletics. Dan has advanced degrees in history, religious education, and has studied at University of Haifa, the American University of Cairo, and Cornell. He is a former Senior Lecturer at Saint Mary's University in Twickenham, England. His books include bestsellers such as Easy Strength Omnibook, Never Let Go, Mass Made Simple, and Intervention (among almost two dozen other published works) and countless articles. He is the grandfather to five and continues to write, coach, train, and lecture to practically every fitness and performance level. Website Instagram Movement Lectures Grab Dan John's book on Amazon! Connect with me! Website Instagram Facebook YouTube This episode is sponsored by Professional Co-op®, where clinicians gain exceptional access to industry-leading lab services without the hefty price tag—since 2001, they've been redefining what efficient, patient-focused support looks like. Imagine no hidden fees, no minimums, and only paying for completed tests. Experience lab services that not only meet but also exceed your expectations. Join the co-op trusted by countless licensed clinicians nationwide. Visit www.professionalco-op.com to learn more! This episode is also made possible by Functional Medicine University. FMU is a fully online, self-paced training program in functional medicine, founded in 2006 by Dr. Ron Grisanti. With students in all 50 U.S. states and 68 countries globally, FMU has become a cornerstone in advanced clinical education for healthcare practitioners. The curriculum is led by Dr. Grisanti, alongside contributions from over 70 distinguished medical experts on FMU's advisory board. Graduates earn the prestigious Certified Functional Medicine Practitioner (CFMP®) credential upon completion. FMU is also a nationally approved provider of continuing education for a wide range of licensed professionals, including MDs, DCs, DOs, NDs, acupuncturists, PAs, NPs, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and dentists. Whether you're looking to expand your clinical knowledge or bring a functional approach to your practice, FMU offers the tools, guidance, and certification to help you thrive. Visit www.functionalmedicineuniversity.com to learn more! For over 50 years, NutriDyn has been a leader in functional nutrition, supporting healthcare practitioners with science-based supplements and unparalleled education. Since 1973, they've pioneered practitioner-exclusive formulas backed by rigorous testing and built on the latest research—delivering quality and peace of mind in every bottle. NutriDyn is more than just a supplement provider. They're committed to empowering practitioners through world-class educational resources, including national conferences, workshops, and seminars led by industry thought leaders. From clinical support to dedicated sales reps, NutriDyn offers an integrated approach to help elevate your practice and patient outcomes. Trusted. Transparent. Practitioner-focused. Join NutriDyn's wellness community and discover functional nutrition tailored for you—create your account today to take the first step toward better health: https://nutridyn.com/mprofile

(Thursday 06/12/25)‘Occupation' or ‘Rebellion': The 9th Circuit heard arguments about National Guard in LA. For the first time in 50 years, more people may leave the U.S than arrive – what that means economically. Young graduates are facing an employment crisis. The ‘American Dream'… yeah… not so much.

Every quarter we ask students who are about to graduate to write down their top questions that they want to ask someone who has been in practice for 36 years...and here are the answers!

DESIGN YOUR FAMILY'S UNIQUE HOMESCHOOL THAT YOU'LL LOVE! https://littlebylittlehomeschool.com/blueprint     It might feel a million years away, but your homeschooler will eventually complete their home education years. Are you preparing them now for that time? I know, it seems silly to bring up that question when your child is only 8 years old. But, I have noticed 3 really amazing characteristics among homeschoolers whose parents were intentional. Grab that load of laundry that needs folding and listen in so you can keep these characteristics as goals for your years of homeschooling. ♥ Leigh     ASK YOUR QUESTION TO BE ANSWERED ON THE PODCAST: https://bit.ly/homeschoolquestion   CREATE YOUR HOMESCHOOL FAMILY'S HOME TASK SYSTEM https://www.littlebylittlehomeschool.com/tidyhome    GET EXCLUSIVE MENTORSHIP WITH LEIGH https://littlebylittlehomeschool.com/mentorship   LITTLE BY LITTLE HOMESCHOOL CONFERENCE TICKETS:  https://littlebylittlehomeschool.com/conference   SIMPLIFY YOUR MEAL PLANNING https://littlebylittlehomeschool.com/meal         Website -  https://www.littlebylittlehomeschool.com Newsletter -  https://littlebylittlehomeschool.subscribemenow.com/ Community - https://www.facebook.com/groups/homeschoollifestylecommunity  Follow - https://www.instagram.com/littlebylittlehomeschool/ Connect - info@littlebylittlehomeschool.com   Listen to these related episodes: 135. The Best Kept Homeschool Secret: What a Gap Year Is and Why It Needs to Be a Priority For Your Homeschool Graduate    185. How to Help Your Homeschool Children Discover Their Gifts, Talents, & Abilities and Why This is Important For Their Future    49. 7 Tips to Stay On Track with Housework During the Summer Break from Homeschool

Send us a textIn this episode of the Grow Clinton (GC) Podcast, the GC team is joined by Joe Hoinkis, site manager at LyondellBasell in Clinton, Iowa, to discuss the newly launched Process Technician Certificate Program at Eastern Iowa Community Colleges (EICC).For more information, visit https://eicc.edu/classes-programs/pathway/industrial/process-technician/If you are a student seeking an in-demand career field with unmatched earning potential, you may want to check out the Process Technician Certificate Program. Graduates of the program receive a GUARANTEED interview at LyondellBasell (LYB), ADM, and 3M in Cordova, Illinois. Students will develop real-world skills that lead to critical employment opportunities in manufacturing, food processing, energy, and more. Careers in process technology offer stability, competitive pay, and opportunities for advancement. Average salaries start at $56,000 annually, and there are opportunities to enhance your professional rank and unlock unlimited earning potential. The program combines technical knowledge, problem-solving skills, and hands-on training. You'll learn to monitor and control production processes, troubleshoot equipment, and utilize automation technology, all while mastering best practices in workplace safety. You'll also study how equipment, systems, and people work together to maintain smooth operations.  The Process Technician Certificate Program at EICC is a non-credit program, making enrollment simple. There's no college application to fill out; register for classes. You can complete this certificate in as little as one year or at your own pace!The skills you acquire are rare and highly valued across many industries right here at home. Local employers asked EICC to provide this training and partnered with us to shape the curriculum, identifying the necessary skills. All you have to do is walk in the door.  EICC is excited to provide more information and tell you when the next class begins. For more details, contact the continuing education staff at 1 888- 336- 3907 or the Grow Clinton office at 563- 242- 5702. To promote your organization on our podcast, contact Grow Clinton at 563. 242. 563.242.5702 or GrowClinton.com. Grow Clinton fosters business growth, community support, and sustainable economic success for the Greater Clinton Region.

In this episode, I'm joined by Dr. Andrew McLean who is a renowned equine academic, author, coach, presenter, and founder of the Australian Equine Behaviour Centre.  We explore key topics such as ethical use of reinforcement, welfare in horse sports, and the future of horse training and management. We also touch on Andrew's fascinating work with elephants. Dr. McLean's career includes winning the Eureka Prize for Science, coaching at elite levels, and riding competitively at high levels in eventing, dressage, and show jumping. He continues to shape the next generation through his contributions to Pony Club Australia's syllabus, and offers a Diploma in Equitation Science for all ages and levels. Enjoy the show! _____

Listen as PH speaks on the NBA Finals between OKC and The Pacers.  He also speaks on the Bengals 1st Round Draft Pick Shemar Stewart leaving mandatory minicamp.  He also gives his Top 5 NFL QB's coming into the 2025 season. PH also sends a message to all the 2025 Graduates. 5:00 Business of Sports (Shemar Stewart)8:00 Top 5 NFL QB's11:00 2025 Graduates Join My Community Here

On the June 14 edition of the Music History Today podcast, Nat King Cole records a classic, Mick gets knighted, and Elvis graduates. Plus, it's MC Ren's and Boy George's birthdays.For more music history, subscribe to my Spotify Channel or subscribe to the audio version of my music history podcasts, wherever you get your podcasts fromALL MUSIC HISTORY TODAY  PODCAST NETWORK LINKS - ⁠https://allmylinks.com/musichistorytoday⁠Resources for mental health issues - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_suicide_crisis_lineshttps://findahelpline.comResources for substance abuse issues - https://988lifeline.orghttps://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/helplines/national-helpline

In this episode, I sit down with Detective Jay Lacayo to explore the intense physical and mental demands faced by SWAT and ESU officers. Jay takes us through the grueling journey to join these elite units—from passing the legendary Cooper Test to mastering high-pressure scenario training. His insights reveal how martial arts, mental sharpness, and evolving tactics shape what it truly means to be part of these specialized teams. But this conversation goes beyond the badge. Jay stresses the importance of continuous education and rigorous testing to keep officers at their best, a principle I strongly support for all healthcare and wellness professionals. He also shares his deep commitment to mental health, detailing his work with outreach programs tackling substance abuse and homelessness—reminding us that wellness isn't just physical, but also mental and community-centered. Together, we dive into holistic wellness approaches, the role of training regimens, and how modern policing must adapt to new technologies and social dynamics. Whether you're curious about law enforcement or passionate about health and resilience, this episode offers valuable lessons on discipline, self-care, and the evolving nature of service. Key Takeaways: Path to SWAT/ESU: Jay elucidates the career progression to SWAT roles, involving rigorous physical tests like the Cooper Test, and the crucial importance of mental fitness. Martial Arts for Law Enforcement: Emphasizes Brazilian Jiu Jitsu's effectiveness for police officers, aiding in weapon retention and reducing injury potential during altercations. Wellness and Training: Advocates for a structured fitness regime combined with combat training and the integration of mental health strategies for enhanced performance. Future of Law Enforcement: Predictions about technological advancements in policing, potentially involving drones and robotics amid a declining workforce interest. Community and Mental Health: Describes his role in the mental health outreach initiative and his dedication to supporting peers and community members with mental health challenges. More About Detective Jay Lacayo: Officer Jay Lacayo is a seasoned law enforcement professional with 18 years of service in New York City and White Plains. He began his career with the NYPD in 2005 before joining the White Plains Police Department in 2007, where he's become a key figure in critical incident response and mental health outreach. A certified SWAT Operator and NYS EMT, Officer Lacayo spent a decade with the Emergency Services Unit, expertly handling high-stress situations involving barricaded subjects, emotionally disturbed persons, and suicidal individuals. His calm presence and ability to build rapport have earned him multiple awards, including the Westchester County Police Honor Award, Meritorious Duty Awards, and a Lifesaving Award. Now part of the Mental Health Outreach Team, Officer Lacayo bridges the gap between individuals in crisis and the services they need. His work continues to reflect a deep commitment to safety, empathy, and community trust. Podcast Instagram Connect with me! Website Instagram Facebook YouTube This episode is sponsored by Professional Co-op®, where clinicians gain exceptional access to industry-leading lab services without the hefty price tag—since 2001, they've been redefining what efficient, patient-focused support looks like. Imagine no hidden fees, no minimums, and only paying for completed tests. Experience lab services that not only meet but also exceed your expectations. Join the co-op trusted by countless licensed clinicians nationwide. Visit www.professionalco-op.com to learn more! This episode is also made possible by Functional Medicine University. FMU is a fully online, self-paced training program in functional medicine, founded in 2006 by Dr. Ron Grisanti. With students in all 50 U.S. states and 68 countries globally, FMU has become a cornerstone in advanced clinical education for healthcare practitioners. The curriculum is led by Dr. Grisanti, alongside contributions from over 70 distinguished medical experts on FMU's advisory board. Graduates earn the prestigious Certified Functional Medicine Practitioner (CFMP®) credential upon completion. FMU is also a nationally approved provider of continuing education for a wide range of licensed professionals, including MDs, DCs, DOs, NDs, acupuncturists, PAs, NPs, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and dentists. Whether you're looking to expand your clinical knowledge or bring a functional approach to your practice, FMU offers the tools, guidance, and certification to help you thrive. Visit www.functionalmedicineuniversity.com to learn more! For over 50 years, NutriDyn has been a leader in functional nutrition, supporting healthcare practitioners with science-based supplements and unparalleled education. Since 1973, they've pioneered practitioner-exclusive formulas backed by rigorous testing and built on the latest research—delivering quality and peace of mind in every bottle. NutriDyn is more than just a supplement provider. They're committed to empowering practitioners through world-class educational resources, including national conferences, workshops, and seminars led by industry thought leaders. From clinical support to dedicated sales reps, NutriDyn offers an integrated approach to help elevate your practice and patient outcomes. Trusted. Transparent. Practitioner-focused. Join NutriDyn's wellness community and discover functional nutrition tailored for you—create your account today to take the first step toward better health: https://nutridyn.com/mprofile    

Two of our Health and Exercise Science graduates, Amalia and Ellie, join the podcast to discuss their time at the University, their pivotal placement years and explain how this informed and inspired their career choices in the nutrition industry and physiotherapy. Views and opinions expressed by the participants in these recordings are their own and not necessarily those of the University of Bath. Information correct at time of production. We may make changes to our courses or other aspects of your student experience in response to, for example, feedback from students, developments in the field of studies, the requirements of accrediting bodies, or any unforeseen or unavoidable circumstances. Always refer to the University of Bath's website for the latest information. The views and opinions of those taking part in this video are their own and not necessarily those of the University of Bath. bath.ac.uk/corporate-information/disclaimer

For this very special episode of Science on the Run, we invited two of our Sport and Exercise Science graduates, Lucy and Jack, back to campus to reflect on their time at Bath and the impact their studies have had on their career journeys to date in science and pro sport. Views and opinions expressed by the participants in these recordings are their own and not necessarily those of the University of Bath. Information correct at time of production. We may make changes to our courses or other aspects of your student experience in response to, for example, feedback from students, developments in the field of studies, the requirements of accrediting bodies, or any unforeseen or unavoidable circumstances. Always refer to the University of Bath's website for the latest information. The views and opinions of those taking part in this video are their own and not necessarily those of the University of Bath. bath.ac.uk/corporate-information/disclaimer

Ep 127 - Tired of watching your rent go up while your dreams of homeownership stay out of reach? You're not alone. Jennifer Humphrey was in the same boat—until she found a path forward through the NACA program.In this episode, Jennifer shares how she went from renter to homeowner and landlord in NYC, all while working full-time as a teacher. By house hacking a duplex and leaning into NACA's unique advantages—no PMI, no credit score requirement, and little to no down payment—she's building a foundation for generational wealth, one unit at a time.

Father's Day is coming up! There is a countdown of the best dads in movie history, so Anna and Raven decide they agree with these movie dads! Raven got hit on in public while he was out with his wife, Alicia! Anna and Raven call his wife to see what she thought about it!  Anna and Raven met with someone who loved the Peewee Herman documentary and hyped it up so much! Anna was so excited to watch it, and she hated it! Anna and Raven talk about the other movies and shows that were overhyped to them! Are you up to date on this week's biggest news story? Anna and Raven will get you caught up on the trending news stories including the documentary about the Gilgo Beach serial killer! The last days of school are approaching! Anna and Raven asked a few kids what their favorite day of the school year is! Anna and Raven want to be commencement speakers! They ask you to share the advice that they would include in a graduation commencement speech! Japan has become increasingly popular for tourists, regardless of the lengthy travel required! Anna and Raven want to know who is traveling the farthest this summer! These trips sound amazing!  Tessa's co-worker openly admitted that she stole a dog. Well, she said that she “rescued” a dog that was running across a busy intersection in their town. He had a worn out collar with no contact info. Her co-worker said that she hadn't called the local pound or posted on social media that she had found this dog, or done anything to see if the dog is chipped. Tessa wants to report her to authorities for theft. Her husband, Steve, thinks she's asking for problems. Just mind your own business. Plus, if she gets in trouble, it'll be obvious who ratted her out and cause an awkward work environment. Juan has a chance to win $400! All he has to do is answer more pop culture questions than Raven in Can't Beat Raven!

Some very notable London Knight names will be moving to other parts of the hockey world in 2025-26 and Mike Stubbs and Kyle grimard look back at the impact of each player and what the future will hold for them. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Danny's dating a college intern who has more in common with D.J. than him... Speaking of graduates, we have TWO in the Tanner family (and an honorable mention to Steph who will be allocated to a new playground)! Can we relate to Jesse's distaste with "Wheels on the Bus", considering "Baby Shark" was all the rage not too long ago?! It's all right here on How Rude, Tanneritos! Follow us on Instagram @howrudepodcast & TikTok @howrudetanneritosSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode of the RWS Clinician's Corner, Margaret and Dianne dive deep into the often-overlooked realities of cognitive decline, incontinence, and loss of mobility as we age—what Diane calls “the three menaces of aging.” Diane bravely shares her personal experience navigating her mother's rapid cognitive decline and how it has shaped her approach to prevention, early intervention, and compassionate care.   In this interview, we discuss:       -Recognizing early signs of cognitive decline      -Communication strategies around cognitive decline      -The interconnectedness cognitive decline, incontinence, and mobility issues      -Preventative and early intervention strategies, including key nutrition and lifestyle recommendations       -The use of biomarkers and genetic testing to inform intervention       -Practical barriers and strategies for eating well when living alone or aging      -Special considerations for menopause and cognitive decline The Clinician's Corner is brought to you by Restorative Wellness Solutions.  Follow us: https://www.instagram.com/restorativewellnesssolutions/   Connect with Dianne Koehler: Website: https://ntischool.com/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ntischool/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ntischool/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/school/ntischool/   Timestamps:  00:00 "NTI's Impactful Nutrition Education Leadership" 07:04 Ignored Advice, Irreversible Decline 14:52 Tech Struggles and Forgetfulness 20:18 Family Dynamics and Challenging Conversations 24:08 "Courage in Aging and Support" 32:26 Nutrient Deficiencies and Cognitive Health 35:38 Active Aging Beats Sedentary Retirement 42:51 Proactive Health: Biomarkers and Supplements 47:21 Encouraging Real Food for Seniors 52:36 Organ Meat Nutrient Alternatives 58:57 Contacting NTI for Course Info Speaker bio: Currently owner and Director of the Nutrition Therapy Institute (NTI) in Arvada, CO, Dianne has been a leader in the field of nutrition education for 15+ years. Under Dianne's guidance, NTI students are empowered with science-based curriculum that enables them to help make a difference in the world by sharing what they know about nutrition and wellness. Graduates of NTI are known to be highly skilled and knowledgeable, making them well-positioned to meet the increasing demand for holistic nutrition professionals. Keywords: cognitive decline, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, aging, nutrition therapy, functional medicine, brain health, incontinence, mobility challenges, holistic nutrition, memory loss, early signs of dementia, hormone health, menopause, dietary strategies, hydration, insulin resistance, blood sugar dysregulation, nutrient deficiencies, B12 deficiency, choline, creatine, methylation, movement and exercise, sleep hygiene, inflammation, lifestyle interventions, meal delivery, organ meats Disclaimer: The views expressed in the RWS Clinician's Corner series are those of the individual speakers and interviewees, and do not necessarily reflect the views of Restorative Wellness Solutions, LLC. Restorative Wellness Solutions, LLC does not specifically endorse or approve of any of the information or opinions expressed in the RWS Clinician's Corner series. The information and opinions expressed in the RWS Clinician's Corner series are for educational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. If you have any medical concerns, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional. Restorative Wellness Solutions, LLC is not liable for any damages or injuries that may result from the use of the information or opinions expressed in the RWS Clinician's Corner series. By viewing or listening to this information, you agree to hold Restorative Wellness Solutions, LLC harmless from any and all claims, demands, and causes of action arising out of or in connection with your participation. Thank you for your understanding.  

“High school didn't really go the way I expected it,” said Leyna, who didn’t graduate with her high school class in early June.    Leyna’s dad died right before her freshman year. Since then, she’s struggled to complete her work, and she switched to online school her senior year. She was dealing with some health issues and helping her mom take care of her little sister.    School wasn’t her main priority.   In this week’s episode, we continue to tell the stories of OPB’s “Class of 2025.” It’s a project we created back in 2012 when former Oregon governor John Kitzhaber declared the ambitious goal of one-hundred percent graduation by 2025.    That’s when OPB decided to document the stories of a kindergarten class on their journey all the way through high school: to capture what it’s like to grow up in the Oregon education system, and all the other life experiences that make us who we are along the way. Thirteen years after Kitzhaber’s State of the State address, one-hundred percent high school graduation is no longer the goal.    Today, we tell the stories of two students who aren’t graduating. Education reporter Elizabeth Miller gives us insight into their lives.    For more Evergreen episodes and to share your voice with us, visit our showpage. Follow OPB on Instagram, and follow host Jenn Chávez too. You can sign up for OPB’s newsletters to get what you need in your inbox regularly.   Don’t forget to check out our many podcasts, which can be found on any of your favorite podcast apps: Hush  Timber Wars Season 2: Salmon Wars Politics Now Think Out Loud And many more! Check out our full show list here.

June 8, 2025 Street Soldiers Radio had a joyful night celebrating all of the graduates of 2025. Our callers shared the graduation of their children from TK to College and we shared the journey of our Alive & Free 2025 college graduates. 

Sunday evening message from Pastor CJ Elwood. Graduation Recognition June 8, 2025

Today's Post - https://bahnsen.co/4kXcW6M Timeless Financial Advice for Graduates and Beyond In this week's episode of Dividend Cafe, the host offers a special update on a previous popular episode focused on financial advice for high school graduates. Emphasizing the importance of this transitional stage from late teens to mid-twenties, the discussion spans across a variety of topics including the dangers of credit card debt, the principles of home ownership, and effective investing strategies. Key advice includes avoiding unnecessary debt, the value of delayed gratification, and the benefits of dividend growth investing. Additionally, the episode touches on the allure and risks of cryptocurrency investments, highlighting the importance of understanding one's investments. The speaker concludes with broader cultural and economic philosophies, encouraging virtue, productivity, and optimism as core values for a fulfilling life. 00:00 Introduction and Purpose of This Week's Dividend Cafe 02:49 Financial Advice for Young Adults 03:45 The Dangers of Credit Card Debt 09:09 Principles of Home Ownership 15:00 Investment Behavior and Wealth Management 22:02 Skepticism Towards Cryptocurrency 25:51 The Importance of Optimism and Virtue 29:54 Conclusion and Upcoming Topics Links mentioned in this episode: DividendCafe.com TheBahnsenGroup.com

Navigating Life After High School: Real Talk for GraduatesIn this powerful episode, Devin dives deep into the raw emotions and challenges faced by recent high school graduates as they stand at the crossroads of adulthood. Responding to heartfelt listener emails, Devin tackles fears about peaking too early, disappointing family expectations, and feeling lost without a clear path forward. With unfiltered honesty, he shares personal stories, including his son Logan's graduation, and offers practical advice on embracing failure, finding your passion, and navigating the uncertainties of college and career choices. Whether you're a grad feeling the pressure or someone seeking guidance for life's next steps, this episode is packed with relatable insights and motivation to keep moving forward. Don't miss this real, no-sugar-coating conversation about growth, resilience, and carving your own path!

In this powerful and eye-opening episode, I sit down with Dane Johnson — Founder of Crohn's Colitis Lifestyle and the visionary behind the S.H.I.E.L.D. program — to unpack the real-life strategies that helped him reclaim his health after a near-death battle with Crohn's disease. With authenticity and purpose, Dane shares how he turned suffering into strength, leveraging natural medicine, functional nutrition, and integrative therapies to not just survive IBD — but thrive. His S.H.I.E.L.D. framework (Supplements, Herbs, Imagination, Exercise, Lifestyle, Diet) is a testament to personalized, root-cause healing that's both sustainable and empowering. Together, we explore the complex terrain of IBD: From genetic predispositions to microbiome dysregulation The impact of chronic stress and environmental toxins The gut-brain-liver axis and the underrated role of the vagus nerve Why standard labs often fall short and how functional testing can guide recovery  And most importantly, why healing requires a mindset shift — not just a meal plan. Whether you're a clinician, patient, or simply someone looking to understand chronic gut conditions through a functional lens — this episode is packed with insight, inspiration, and practical tools for real transformation. Key Takeaways: Functional Medicine Approach: Dane Johnson emphasizes the importance of understanding root causes such as microbiome imbalance and environmental factors in managing IBD. The SHIELD Program: A comprehensive lifestyle and dietary program designed to empower individuals to reclaim their health by being the 'CEO' of their wellness journey. Microbiome and Inflammation: How an overgrowth of harmful bacteria and fungal species can lead to chronic inflammation and exacerbate IBD symptoms. Vagus Nerve Stimulation: The critical role of the vagus nerve in maintaining digestive health and how it can influence the body's inflammatory response. Personal Health Advocacy: Encouragement to take charge of one's health by integrating knowledge, dietary changes, and functional testing to identify and address individual health needs. More About Dane Johnson: Dane Johnson is a holistic health practitioner and founder of Crohn's Colitis Lifestyle focuses on the root-cause approach to healing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Drawing from his own near-death experience, Dane shares the pivotal realizations that led him away from conventional symptom management and toward lasting remission through his SHIELD Protocol. Listeners will discover how chronic gut inflammation, immune dysregulation, and emotional trauma all contribute to IBD and why a one-size-fits-all medical model often falls short. Dane unpacks the six pillars of his healing method, explains why personalized strategies are essential, and empowers practitioners and patients to embrace a new paradigm of gut healing: one rooted in functional medicine, lifestyle transformation, and real-world results. Whether you're a clinician seeking better outcomes or someone living with IBD, this conversation offers practical insights and powerful hope for lasting change. Website Instagram Crohn's Colitis IG Facebook YouTube BOOK YOUR COMPLIMENTARY SESSION WITH AN IBD SUPPORT SPECIALIST: https://cclpresentation.com/ibd-relief-special-podcast?source=RobSilvermanPodcast&el=RobSilvermanPodcast Connect with me! Website Instagram Facebook YouTube This episode is sponsored by Professional Co-op®, where clinicians gain exceptional access to industry-leading lab services without the hefty price tag—since 2001, they've been redefining what efficient, patient-focused support looks like. Imagine no hidden fees, no minimums, and only paying for completed tests. Experience lab services that not only meet but also exceed your expectations. Join the co-op trusted by countless licensed clinicians nationwide. Visit www.professionalco-op.com to learn more! This episode is also made possible by Functional Medicine University. FMU is a fully online, self-paced training program in functional medicine, founded in 2006 by Dr. Ron Grisanti. With students in all 50 U.S. states and 68 countries globally, FMU has become a cornerstone in advanced clinical education for healthcare practitioners. The curriculum is led by Dr. Grisanti, alongside contributions from over 70 distinguished medical experts on FMU's advisory board. Graduates earn the prestigious Certified Functional Medicine Practitioner (CFMP®) credential upon completion. FMU is also a nationally approved provider of continuing education for a wide range of licensed professionals, including MDs, DCs, DOs, NDs, acupuncturists, PAs, NPs, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and dentists. Whether you're looking to expand your clinical knowledge or bring a functional approach to your practice, FMU offers the tools, guidance, and certification to help you thrive. Visit www.functionalmedicineuniversity.com to learn more!

It's a bittersweet night for Pali High's graduating class of 2025 as they celebrate commencement at the Hollywood Bowl, a backup plan to their usual football field ceremony, which was destroyed in the devastating January fires. The L.A. Local is sponsored by the LA Car Guy family of dealerships.

A supporter of President Donald Trump and Gov. Ron DeSantis was just appointed to lead the historically Black college Florida A&M University. Students and alumni are not happy. WFSU's Lynn Hatter and Tuskegee University's President Mark Brown explain how Black colleges are currently navigating red states. This episode was produced by Avishay Artsy, edited by Amina Al-Sadi, fact-checked by Victoria Chamberlin, engineered by Patrick Boyd and Andrea Kristinsdottir, and hosted by Jonquilyn Hill. Listen to Today, Explained ad-free by becoming a Vox Member: vox.com/members. Transcript at vox.com/today-explained-podcast. Graduates during the Florida A&M University Commencement Ceremony in Tallahassee, Florida. Photo by Glenn Beil/Florida A&M University via Getty Images. Help us plan for the future of Today, Explained by filling out a brief survey: ⁠voxmedia.com/survey⁠. Thank you! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In the 5 AM hour, Larry O’Connor and Julie Gunlock discussed: Mayor Muriel Bowser on X: "It's a great day in the gayest city in the world. As we mark 50 years of Pride in the District White House plans — at last — to send some DOGE cuts to Hill Where to find more about WMAL's morning show: Follow Podcasts on Apple, Audible and Spotify Follow WMAL's "O'Connor and Company" on X: @WMALDC, @LarryOConnor, @JGunlock, @PatricePinkfile, and @HeatherHunterDC Facebook: WMALDC and Larry O'Connor Instagram: WMALDC Website: WMAL.com/OConnor-Company Episode: Monday, June 2, 2025 / 5 AM Hour See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Episode 270: This episode is about the one word our graduates and salespeople have in common: Resilience!   I was having dinner with my niece, Alanna, and celebrating her graduating from the University of Cincinnati - Go Bearcats. I was thinking over her past four years, starting with the challenges of her roommate on day one, a new world of living independently, creating new friends, and navigating school workloads and social calendars. I shared with her at dinner that the one word I felt described her four years was that she was resilient. I was so proud of her learning and growing through each situation.   Big congratulations to all the students! And a special shoutout to the parents and mentors who have been the pillars of support in their journey.   I was thinking about how each of us is Resilient. In our relationships, we all had our first love, which we learned from, and then we had our second love and third love until we found that one person.   I was thinking back to my college days as well. I thought about the one class where we had to learn audio and video when producing a show. My part was to do the soundboard for audio; I had no idea what I was doing. The professor yelled in the class, "Thal, you will never make it in broadcasting." If I wasn't resilient, I would not have created a successful 38-year career in broadcasting. Ironically, I created the Three Word Podcast, which included understanding recording audio.   Resilience isn't just about bouncing back from setbacks but learning, growing, and emerging stronger. Whether you're a student or a sales professional looking for ways to create new clients. Resilience is a universal trait that we all possess and can develop.   It's the secret ingredient to success, whether you're a student pursuing your dreams or a sales professional navigating challenging markets.   What is Resilience   So, what is resilience? At its core, it's the ability to recover quickly from adversity. Resilience is not a trait you're born with; it's a skill you can develop over time. And the amazing thing is, the more you train it, the stronger it becomes. It's like a muscle. For students, resilience may look like managing stress during exam season or bouncing back after a less-than-awesome grade; for sales professionals, it means overcoming rejection, staying consistent, and adapting to a competitive industry.   Resilience is not just about enduring hardships; it's about adapting to them and building success on the other side.   Mini Challenge for you:   For today, think about one situation where you faced a major challenge. In your next sales meeting, discuss situations where your team was resilient. Now ask yourself: What did you learn? How have you grown? Identifying those moments helps us see resilience in action.   How to Build Resilience   Building resilience doesn't happen overnight, but it's doable with the right approach. Here are three strategies tailored for students and sales professionals alike. 1. Shift Your Mindset   Students: View failure as feedback. That C on your biology test? It's not the end of your academic career; it's a wake-up call to refine your study approach. Sales Professionals: Instead of dreading rejection, consider it an opportunity to refine your pitch. Remember, every 'no' brings you closer to 'yes.' 2. Build a Support Network   Surround yourself with people who uplift you. For students, this could be study groups or mentors. For sales pros, lean on your team during challenging times. 3. Practice Adaptability   Life throws curveballs. Learn to pivot. Students might shift their study method partway through a semester while salespeople adapt to changing market trends.   Why Resilience Equals Long-Term Success   Here's the bottom line. Resilience isn't just about surviving difficult situations; it's about thriving because of them. It's about progress, growth, and staying in the game.   Remember this mantra: "I am adaptable. I am strong. I am resilient."   Share this episode with a friend or colleague if it resonates with you. And remember, your growth and success are our top priorities. Subscribe to never miss an episode, and let's continue this journey of resilience and personal growth together!   Stay strong and keep showing up. Because success isn't about never falling down; it's about getting back up every single time. Until next time.   See you in the next episode!   Connect with Lisa: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lisathal/ http://threewordmeetings.com http://threewordpodcast

It's graduation season, and Bill Caskey and Bryan Neale are sharing their top advice for new graduates entering the workforce—plus essential reminders for seasoned professionals who might need to hear these truths again. In this episode, you'll discover why understanding that life and sales naturally go up and down like an accordion can save you from unnecessary stress and help you navigate both the highs and lows with greater wisdom. Bill and Bryan explore how to build a professional network that compounds like interest and why starting early makes all the difference in your career trajectory. They discuss how to be judicious about that crucial first position and avoid toxic work environments that can shape your mindset for decades. You'll also learn a simple strategy for finding multiple mentors who can accelerate your growth, and why this approach works for both graduates and seasoned veterans alike. Whether you're a recent graduate, a parent with kids entering the workforce, or a seasoned professional looking for a reset, this episode delivers practical wisdom that can reshape how you approach career growth and life decisions. Don't forget to review the podcast and join the Advanced Selling Podcast LinkedIn group with over 13,000 members! ================================= Is it time to make a BOLD move in your business? If so, download our brand new book, "12 Bold Moves - Insider Secrets to Reinventing Yourself and Your Business." http://12boldmoves.com The Insider program is open for enrollment. If you have not checked out our small learning group, go to http://advancedsellingpodcast.com/insider to join now. If you haven't already, make sure you join us in our LinkedIn group: http://advancedsellingpodcast.com/linkedin. =================================

JUN. 2, 2025A word to graduates."Concentrate on doing your best for God." 2Ti 2:15 MSGGraduate, here are eleven lessons to empower and inspire you: (1) You're here for a reason, and the most vital thing you can do is find it. (2) Follow your passion. You may not already know what it is, but make it your mission to discover it. (3) Although you might love Facebook, you might not like working for the company. And because you enjoy cooking doesn't mean you will enjoy owning a restaurant. (4) Don't quit because the work is hard. Quit because deep inside you know there is something different for you to do, or you're not improving yourself or the organization, or you know you're not supposed to be there anymore. (5) Learn from every experience. Each job gets you ready for the work you were born to do. (6) Your present job may not be your highest purpose, but it can assist as an agent to prepare you for it. (7) In whichever job you accept after graduation, serve. Serving in minor ways affords you opportunities to serve in major ways. (8) Your dream job probably isn't the one you dreamed about. Frequently we end up in remarkable careers outside the scope of our degrees. (9) The pursuit of your purpose is filled with difficulties, wins, detours, dead ends, and postponements. Remain hopeful and faithful. (10) You may want something to happen immediately, but if it did, would you be ready for it? (11) Seeds yield to the ground so they can be utilized for a greater purpose.So, plant yourself, and let yourself be used for a harvest to benefit others.A word to graduates Don't quit because the work is hard.Share This DevotionalSend us a textSupport the showChanging Lives | Building Strong Family | Impacting Our Community For Jesus Christ!

June 1, 2025 | Watch and Listen Today! The post Genesis: Dear Graduates | Genesis 16 appeared first on Christ Point Church.

Graduation marks a pivotal moment—not only for students but for their families too. Whether it's elementary school, high school, or college, the milestone carries a mix of excitement, reflection, and uncertainty. In this heartfelt devotional, Laura Bailey opens up about watching her own daughter graduate and the bittersweet emotions that follow. As parents, we long for God to reveal His plan to our children in unmistakable ways. But often, His direction comes not in grandeur but in stillness. Through the story of Elijah in 1 Kings, Laura reminds us that God’s voice is most often heard in a gentle whisper. This episode is a prayer of hope and trust—that graduates of all ages will remain sensitive to the quiet leading of the Holy Spirit, and that parents can let go with confidence in God’s loving care.

We need the wisdom of God before and after graduation. Nonetheless, we often feel the weight of life's changes during our most significant milestones. In this service, we commission our recent graduates, their families, and the church.

Know a high school or college grad? In this episode Monique shares 5 basic money habits she wishes somebody would have taught her before she graduated. These 5 habits, if implemented early and consistently, will lead to a life of wealth and abundance.  **Note from Monique: This is NOT an exhaustive list but it will get you started. If I had to add more I would say connect with a financial advisor as soon as possible (in your 20s) and start working on your retirement plan immediately! Connect with Monique, the host of Sisternomics, on Instagram. ============= Sisternomics is honored to be partnered with ProBlk Health, a Black woman-owned supplement company committed to our wellness. Tap in and get a full year of discounts at: problkhealth.com/discount/sister20 ============= Share/Rate/Review this episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify and wherever they let you do so. It helps Sisternomics grow. Thank you for listening! Sisternomics is produced by OverFlow(R) Enterprises, a Black, woman-owned coaching and content creation company.

Tony Yau shared every twist and turn in his college career with the Autism Goes to College audience. From his first semester at the University of Oregon to a re-orienting stopover at community college and on to St. Mary's, Tony's been generous with his candid takes on college life. Some of his insights: Don't over do it with DoorDash, don't hesitate to switch majors, or, even colleges. Because what Tony reveals in this final episode of his undergrad experience is that once you're in the right place studying something you care about, it can all flow a lot better.  Oh yeah, and he definitely did not like the wrap around support dorm for neurodivergent students. He likes his decompression and down time, so an off campus solo apartment made all the difference. And now, he has his degree. Hear about Tony's internship, and what's next on this episode.Higher Listenings: Joy for EducatorsA new podcast from Top Hat delivering ideas, relief, and joy to the future of teaching.Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the show

In this episode, I'm joined by Dr. Myriah Hinchey, a functional medicine practitioner specializing in chronic illness and immune dysfunction, to explore the complex world of autoimmunity through the lens of Lyme disease and stealth pathogens. We dive into how these microbes evade the immune system, disrupt the body's internal balance, and target areas of weakness — from old injuries to inflamed tissues. Dr. Hinchey explains how this leads to persistent inflammation, neurological symptoms, and gut dysfunction, often without obvious signs of infection. You'll learn why a root-cause approach to chronic infections must go beyond antimicrobials — incorporating immune support, detoxification, terrain rebuilding, and the smart use of herbal medicine.   If you've struggled with unexplained symptoms, autoimmunity, or suspect hidden infections might be at play, this conversation will help you understand the deeper mechanisms — and what true healing actually takes. Key Takeaways: The central focus in treating Lyme disease should be on restoring immune balance and competency rather than solely targeting pathogens with antibiotics. Lyme disease can lead to significant systemic disruptions, manifesting in symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and even neuropsychiatric disorders. A therapeutic lifestyle approach, including dietary changes, detoxification, and stress management, is essential for effective management of chronic vector-borne diseases. Herbal medicine, especially herbs like Cryptolepis, Chinese Skullcap, and Japanese Knotweed, play a vital role in managing inflammation and immune dysregulation. More About Dr. Myriah Hinchey, ND: Dr. Myriah Hinchey, a Naturopathic physician and Fellow of the Medical Academy of Pediatric Special Needs (MAPS), is a recognized expert in the field of Lyme disease and other complex chronic inflammatory conditions, with over 17 years of specialized experience. As a physician and the Medical Director at TAO, an integrative center for healing, she has successfully guided thousands of patients towards recovery from their complex chronic inflammatory conditions. Additionally, she is the founder and owner of LymeCore Botanicals, a herbal medicine company focused on providing effective solutions for healing vector-borne diseases. Dr. Hinchey is dedicated to treating patients of all ages, with a specialty in pediatrics, and is also a sought-after speaker, passionately educating healthcare professionals on the pathophysiology of vector-borne diseases and how to successfully integrate functional, herbal, and lifestyle medicine into their practices. Website Instagram Facebook LymeCore Botanicals  LymeBytes Symposium on November 14th & 15th | REGISTER HERE Connect with me! Website Instagram Facebook YouTube   This episode is sponsored by Professional Co-op®, where clinicians gain exceptional access to industry-leading lab services without the hefty price tag—since 2001, they've been redefining what efficient, patient-focused support looks like. Imagine no hidden fees, no minimums, and only paying for completed tests. Experience lab services that not only meet but also exceed your expectations. Join the co-op trusted by countless licensed clinicians nationwide. Visit www.professionalco-op.com to learn more! This episode is also made possible by Functional Medicine University. FMU is a fully online, self-paced training program in functional medicine, founded in 2006 by Dr. Ron Grisanti. With students in all 50 U.S. states and 68 countries globally, FMU has become a cornerstone in advanced clinical education for healthcare practitioners. The curriculum is led by Dr. Grisanti, alongside contributions from over 70 distinguished medical experts on FMU's advisory board. Graduates earn the prestigious Certified Functional Medicine Practitioner (CFMP®) credential upon completion. FMU is also a nationally approved provider of continuing education for a wide range of licensed professionals, including MDs, DCs, DOs, NDs, acupuncturists, PAs, NPs, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and dentists. Whether you're looking to expand your clinical knowledge or bring a functional approach to your practice, FMU offers the tools, guidance, and certification to help you thrive. Visit www.functionalmedicineuniversity.com to learn more!

On this episode, Bishop Burbidge: Responds to the tragic killing of two young Israeli Embassy staffers in Washington, D.C. and calls all to prayer and peace.  Shares early impressions of Pope Leo XIV and the spiritual tone he has set in his first weeks as Holy Father.  Emphasizes the importance of the Catholic Communications Campaign, which supports spreading the Gospel through modern media   Celebrates the diocese's upcoming Ordination to the Priesthood of 12 men, reflecting on the beauty and sacredness of the vocation.  Applauds graduates of the Class of 2025 for their academic, athletic, and faith-filled achievements.  Extends a heartfelt invitation to the June 4 Pilgrimage of Hope: Mass for Those Who Are Suffering, offering compassion, healing, and solidarity to all who are experiencing suffering of any kind.     ***    How has Pope Leo inspired hope in you?  Text your message or leave a voicemail at 703-778-9100.  

Ben Abercrombie suffered a severe spinal cord injury in his first Harvard football game. He has worked hard in the following 8 years to finish his degree. Abercrombie joins WBUR's All Things Considered to share how it feels to finally be a Harvard graduate.

Laurel Springs Graduates Cyrus Mahjoob, Larry Melzer, and Jean-Yves Aubone join the show to discuss their educational experiences, the biggest benefits of online schooling, and SO much more!! Don't forget to give a 5 star review on your favorite podcast app! In addition, add your twitter/instagram handle to the review for a chance to win some FREE CR gear!! Laurel Springs Ranked among the best online private schools in the United States, Laurel Springs stands out when it comes to support, personalization, community, and college prep. They give their K-12 students the resources, guidance, and learning opportunities they need at each grade level to reach their full potential. Find Cracked Racquets Website: https://www.crackedracquets.com Instagram: https://instagram.com/crackedracquets Twitter: https://twitter.com/crackedracquets Facebook: https://Facebook.com/crackedracquets YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/crackedracquets

Ben and Nathan investigate income-debt ratios for average law students. Their findings paint a sobering picture for the average law school graduate. In many cases, students are paying champagne prices for beer salaries. Paying full price at even top schools can disrupt personal financial stability for a decade or longer. Then, they review the newly released 2025/2026 LSAT schedule, flag another price increase, and take on two flawed pieces of LSAT advice in a double round of Pearls vs. Turds. The guys help one listener struggling with timed sections and a reapplicant focusing on the wrong priorities in their résumé. JoJo the PoPo takes their shot at the Personal Statement Gong Show, and “normative” is the word of the week.Study with our Free PlanDownload our iOS appWatch Episode 508 on YouTube0:30 – Champagne Prices. Beer Salaries.Ben and Nathan highlight how poorly students understand the long-term impact of taking on massive student loans. The federal government considers the average law grad to be in financial hardship, and income-to-debt ratios back that up. Graduates from top schools like Yale typically spend about 10% of their gross monthly income on loan payments, while some graduates spend over 50%. To make matters worse, top students who secure scholarships and consequently have little to no debt often land the best jobs, while those borrowing median debt levels earn significantly less. Scoring high on the LSAT and attending law school for free remains the safest path.Check your school's median debt and income levels at Lawhub.com27:10 – 2025/2026 LSAT Schedule ReleasedThe LSAT schedule for 2025/2026 shows no significant changes, but the official test cost increased again. Ben and Nathan encourage students not to waste money and wait until their practice test scores show they're ready before signing up.28:55 – Pearls vs. Turds Double HeaderThis episode's Pearls vs. Turds features two submissions. First: “Avoid the obvious answer.” Verdict: turd. If the answer does what the question is asking, it's correct. If it feels easy, it's because the LSAT is genuinely easy. Second: “If the passage doesn't include the word ‘should,' avoid answer choices that do.” Verdict: also a turd. While it hints at something valid—normative conclusions need support—rigid rules like this replace real understanding with memorization and lead to errors.37:20 – Not Improving on Timed SectionsDexter reports that although his untimed drilling has improved, his timed section scores remain flat. Ben and Nathan recommend treating timed sections the same way as drilling. Rather than rushing to finish, focus on solving each problem completely and accurately.42:15 – Law School RésuméAP is applying again after improving their LSAT score and wants feedback on résumé content. Ben and Nathan advise that résumés and soft skills are secondary when the LSAT score isn't competitive. Application materials like the résumé can stay largely the same, but they must be polished and error-free.48:29 – Personal Statement Gong ShowJoJo the PoPo enters the ring as the latest Personal Statement Gong Show contestant. Ben and Nathan read their personal statement and hit the gong when something goes wrong. The standing record to beat is ten lines, held by Greta.1:18:54 - Word of the Week - Normative“Sciences, however, are by definition non-normative: they describe but they do not prescribe.”

  Last time we spoke about the Xi'an Incident. In December 1936, tensions in China erupted as Nationalist General Chiang Kai-shek faced a revolt led by his commanders, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng. Disillusioned by Chiang's focus on battling communists instead of the Japanese invaders, the generals swiftly captured him in a coup. Confined in Xi'an, Chiang initially resisted their demands for a united front against Japan but eventually engaged in negotiation with Zhang and the Chinese Communist Party. As public sentiment shifted against him, Chiang's predicament led to urgent discussions, culminating in an unexpected alliance with the communists. This pact aimed to consolidate Chinese resistance against Japanese aggression, marking a critical turning point in the Second Sino-Japanese War. By December 26, Chiang was released, and this uneasy collaboration set the stage for a more unified front against a common enemy, though underlying tensions remained between the factions.   #152 China Prepares for War Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Before we jump into the Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937-1945, which I honestly have no idea how long will take us, I thought it would be a good idea to dedicate two episodes to how both China and Japan prepared themselves for war.  Going all the way back to the 1910s, Chinese intellectuals began to view an outright conflict between Japan and China was inevitable. In the discussions about China's strategic options, Jiang Fangzhen pioneered a strategy of protracted warfare, a concept that would later shape China's approach during the Sino-Japanese War. Having studied in Japan during his youth, Jiang developed a keen understanding of the Japanese government and military. As early as 1917, he predicted that China and Japan would become embroiled in a long-term conflict, with the battleground likely to be west of the Peiping–Wuhan and Guangzhou–Wuhan railways. In his work titled "Guofang Lun" or “On National Defense”, Jiang reiterated the importance of protracted warfare as a means to thwart Japan's aspirations for a swift victory. He argued that China should leverage its vast population and extensive territory to extend the conflict, gradually wearing down Japanese strength and turning the situation to its advantage. Jiang recommended that China not focus on defending its coastal regions but instead confront the enemy west of the Peking–Wuhan Railway.   Chiang Kai-shek would eventually come to share Jiang's belief that “the longer the war drags on, the more advantageous it will be for China.” Despite significant public criticism, both the Nationalist government and General Zhang Xueliang, decided against military resistance when Japan invaded Manchuria in September 1931 and attacked Shanghai in 1932. Chiang was particularly hesitant to engage Japan directly, as he was also dealing with a Communist insurgency in central China. He feared that Chinese forces would suffer quick defeat, predicting that Japan would capture key coastal areas and critical infrastructure within just three days, crippling China by dismantling its military and economic lifelines. Following the invasion of North China Chiang was forced to adopt a firmer stance. The Nationalist government proposed a dual strategy of pursuing peace and security while simultaneously preparing for war. If peace proved impossible, China would mobilize its resources for ultimate victory through prolonged conflict. This approach was formalized in the National Defense Plan, which China adopted by prioritizing protracted warfare as its core strategy. After the Sino-Japanese clash in Shanghai on January 28, 1932, the Military Affairs Commission devised a plan that divided China into four defense areas along with a preparation area. While some troops were assigned local security, commanders were directed to concentrate their remaining forces for potential confrontations with Japan. That year, the Military Affairs Commission issued General Defense Guidelines that outlined two strategic responses to a potential Japanese invasion. The first, conservative approach focused on maintaining key positions and utilizing protracted warfare to impede the enemy. The second strategy advocated for decisive battles in key regions to thwart Japan's ambitions and protect China's territorial integrity, prioritizing disengagement from Japanese forces along the Yangtze River and coastline. In August 1935, German military adviser General Alexander von Falkenhausen provided recommendations to Chiang Kai-shek based on his predictions of Japanese advance routes into China. He identified three main routes: one from northern Hebei to Zhengzhou, the second from Shandong toward Xuzhou, and the third crossing the Yangtze River to Nanjing and onwards to Wuhan. He suggested treating the Yangtze River as the primary combat zone and highlighted Sichuan as a possible retreat area. Taking all of this into consideration. in 1936, a draft of a new National Defense Plan divided the country into four zones: a war zone, a defense zone, an internal security zone, and a preparation area. The war zone encompassed ten provinces and established strategies for retreating to predetermined defensive positions when necessary, with Sichuan designated as the main base for the war. In January 1937, the Chinese General Staff Department introduced its annual War Plan, outlining three possible military conflict regions between China and Japan. It proposed two main strategies: Proposal A emphasized sustained combat and retreat to fortified positions if the situation became unfavorable, aiming to eventually go on the offensive against Japan. Proposal B focused on repelling Japanese invasions along the coast and from the north, prioritizing counter offensives against Japanese units stationed near key locations. To prepare, the NRA completed several critical projects outlined in its plans, establishing military supply depots in Nanjing, Bengbu, Xinyang, Huayin, Nanchang, and Wuchang to manage logistics for supplies across various strategic railways. These depots were equipped to sustain the military, with ample ammunition and provisions, including 60 million rounds of small-arms ammunition and food for hundreds of thousands. Despite these preparations, not all projects were completed by the time war broke out in July 1937. In contrast to the Japanese military's tactics, Chinese forces prioritized defensive strategies. For example, at the Mount Lushan Military Officer Training Camp in July 1934, Chiang Kai-shek outlined four possible approaches against Japan, favoring a defense-as-offense strategy. Other options included building fortifications, tenaciously defending key positions, and employing guerrilla warfare through irregular forces to constrain enemy advances. Chiang stressed the importance of national mobilization for the war effort.  There was a significant disparity in equipment between the Japanese and Chinese armies. To give you an idea, each Japanese division included a mechanized group featuring thirty-nine light military vehicles and 21 light armored cars, supplemented by 6,000–7,000 horses, 200–300 automobiles, and specialized troops such as poison gas teams. In contrast, Nationalist divisions lacked any of these capabilities, a typical nationalist division theoretically had an armored regiment, but this unit was equipped with fewer than 72 armored vehicles. Another major weakness of the Nationalist forces was their insufficient artillery. In 1936, a division was officially assigned one artillery battalion, which was divided into three batteries totaling twelve guns. It also included a mechanized cannon company with four direct-fire weapons. By comparison, a Japanese division boasted four infantry regiments and one mountain artillery or field artillery regiment, with each artillery regiment comprising three field artillery battalions and one howitzer battalion. The infantry regiment itself included a mountain artillery section with four mountain guns, while the infantry battalion had one Type 70 mountain gun section with two guns. In total, a Japanese division possessed sixty-four artillery pieces of various calibers, four times the number of a Chinese division and of significantly higher quality. In reality, in 1936, twelve of the twenty elite Chinese “reformed divisions” still lacked artillery battalions. The ordnance available in the “reformed divisions” mostly consisted of the outdated Type 60 mountain gun. Nationwide, very few of the 200 divisions were equipped with any artillery, and those that did often used obsolete field artillery pieces or mountain artillery provided to local forces. Some units even relied on trench mortars as a makeshift solution. The artillery weapons came from various countries, but they frequently lacked necessary observation and signal components, and were often low on ammunition. The majority of mountain guns and field artillery were of the Type 75, which, while capable of providing fire support, had limited range and inflicted minimal damage. To give you an idea of the striking inadequacy of the Chinese artillery, during the Shanghai fighting in 1937, the mountain artillery of the Guangxi 21st Army Group could only reach targets within 1,200 yards, while Japanese field artillery had an effective range of 8,000 yards. Chinese-made mountain artillery suffered due to inferior steel-making technology; the gun shields were constructed from low-quality steel, and the barrels often overheated after firing just a few rounds, increasing the risk of explosions. Additionally, the equipment of local forces varied greatly in quality. In fact, some local units had superior equipment compared to Nationalist units. For example, before the Sino-Japanese War, troops from Yunnan were equipped with French antitank guns and heavy machine guns, which were better than the German water-cooled machine guns used by the Nationalist forces. However, the majority of local troops relied on inferior equipment; the 122nd Division under Wang Mingzhang from Sichuan, noted for its brave defense of Tengxian County during the Xuzhou Battle, was armed with locally produced light and heavy machine guns that frequently malfunctioned, and their Type 79 rifles, also made in Sichuan, were often outdated, with some dating back to the Qing Dynasty. These weapons had limited range and sometimes malfunctioned after fewer than one hundred rounds. Now before the war, both Nationalist and local forces acquired weaponry from diverse foreign and domestic sources. Even domestically produced weapons lacked standardization, with those made in Hanyang and Manchuria differing in design and specifications. Arms manufactured in Germany, France, Russia, Japan, and Italy were similarly inconsistent. Consequently, even within a single unit, the lack of uniformity created significant logistical challenges, undermining combat effectiveness, particularly in the early stages of the war. Despite Nationalist ordnance factories producing over three million rounds of small-arms ammunition daily, the incompatibility of ammunition and weapons diminished the usable quantity of ammunition. Chinese communications infrastructure was inadequate. In the Nationalist army, signal units were integrated into engineering units, leading to low-quality radio communications. In emergencies, telegrams could remain undelivered for days, and orders often had to be dispatched via postal services. By 1937, the entire country boasted only 3,000 military vehicles, necessitating heavy reliance on horses and mules for transport. To effectively equip twenty Nationalist divisions, 10,647 horses and 20,688 mules were needed, but by the end of 1935, only 6,206 horses and 4,351 mules were available. A statistic from 1936 indicated a 5 percent mortality rate among military horses, with some units experiencing a rate as high as 10 percent. The distribution of weaponry led to disputes during army reorganization efforts following the Northern Expedition. Although Chiang Kai-shek's forces were part of the regular army, the quality of their equipment varied significantly. Domestic production of weapons was limited, and imports could not close the gap. Priority was given to small arms; through army reorganization, Chiang aimed to diminish the influence of forces less loyal to him. Nationalist army staff officers observed that troops loyal to Chiang received the best weapons. Northwest and Northeast forces, having cultivated good relations with the KMT, were similarly better equipped, while Shanxi troops received inferior supplies. Troops associated with the Guangxi Clique were given even poorer quality weapons due to their leaders' stronger political ambitions. Troops regarded as “bandit forces,” such as those led by Shi Yousan, Li Hongchang, and Sun Dianying, were naturally assigned the least effective weaponry. This unequal distribution of arms increased some local forces' inclination to align with the KMT while alienating others, which inadvertently led to additional turmoil in the aftermath of the Northern Expedition. Logistical accounting within the Nationalist military was severely lacking. Military expenditures accounted for a significant portion of government spending, roughly 65.48 % in 1937, with personnel costs being the largest component. However, military units prioritized boosting their own resources over accurate accounting. Surpluses were not returned but rather utilized to reward military officers and soldiers for merits in battle, care for the wounded, or to create a reserve. Conversely, if deficits arose, troops would resort to “living off vacancies,” a practice in which they would fail to report desertions promptly and would falsely claim new soldiers had arrived. Military leaders typically appointed their most trusted subordinates to serve as accountants and logistic officers. As the war commenced, these issues became readily apparent. During the Battle of Shanghai in 1937, frontline soldiers sometimes went days without food and went months without pay. Wounded soldiers and civilians had to search tirelessly for medical treatment, and when main forces relocated, they often abandoned grain, ammunition, weapons, and petroleum along the way. General Chen Cheng, the commander in chief during the Battle of Shanghai, noted, “This phenomenon clearly revealed our inability to supply frontline troops, indicating that China remains a backward country with poor management.” Many logistical shortcomings severely impacted troop morale and combat effectiveness. In a 1933 speech, Chiang Kai-shek acknowledged that poor food, inadequate clothing, and ineffective logistics contributed to widespread desertion. Soldiers were further demoralized by reduced or embezzled salaries. A lack of professional medical staff and equipment hampered healthcare efforts, leading to high disease and mortality rates. According to official statistics from 1936, approximately 10 percent of soldiers fell ill annually, with a mortality rate as high as 5 percent. Japanese military authorities reported that one in three wounded Japanese soldiers died, while a Dutch military officer present during the early stages of the Sino-Japanese War observed that one in every two wounded Nationalist soldiers perished. Due to inadequate equipment and limited transport options, Nationalist forces were compelled to recruit farmers and rent vehicles, as they lacked essential facilities such as tents. This reliance on local resources inevitably led to frequent conflicts between military personnel and civilians. China is clearly a vast nation with an extensive coastline, requiring the construction of several significant fortresses during the modern era. These included Wusong, Jiangyin, Zhenjiang, Jiangning, and Wuhan along the Yangtze River, as well as Zhenhai, Humen, and Changzhou along the seacoast. Except for the Wuhan fortress, built in 1929-1930, all other fortifications were established during the late Qing Dynasty and featured uncovered cannon batteries. These fortresses suffered from inadequate maintenance, and many of their components had become outdated and irreplaceable, rendering them militarily negligible. Following the January 1932 Shanghai Incident, the Japanese military destroyed the Wusong forts, leaving the entrance to the Yangtze River completely unfortified. Consequently, there were no defenses along the coastline from Jiangsu to Shandong, allowing the Japanese to land freely. In December 1932, the Military Affairs Commission established a fortress group tasked with constructing fortresses and defensive installations, seeking assistance from German military advisers. After the North China Incident in 1935, the Nationalist government accelerated the construction of defensive structures in line with national war planning, focusing particularly on Nanjing. The Nationalists prioritized building fortifications along the seacoast and the Yellow River, followed by key regions north of the Yellow River. The government also ordered a significant quantity of heavy artillery from Germany. This included several dozen pieces of flat-fire antiaircraft and dual-purpose heavy artillery, which were installed at fortifications in Jiangyin, Zhenjiang, Nanjing, and Wuhan. By the summer of 1937, the construction of nine fortified positions was complete: Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Jiangyin, Ningbo, Humen, Mawei, Xiamen , Nantong, and Lianyungang. In total, China had established 41 forts and equipped them with 273 fortress cannons. Some defensive installations were poorly managed, with many units assigned to their perimeters lacking training and access to proper maps. The barbette positions in the fortresses were not well concealed and could hardly store sufficient ammunition. Troops stationed at these fortresses received little training. Despite these shortcomings, the fortresses and fortifications were not entirely ineffective. They bolstered Chinese positions along the defense line stretching from Cangxian County to Baoding and from Dexian County to Shijiazhuang, as well as in southern Shandong.  Before the war, China's political and economic center was situated along the seacoast and the Yangtze River. As Japanese influence expanded, the Nationalist government was compelled to establish bases in China's inner regions, very similar to how the USSR pulled back its industry further west after Operation barbarossa.The Japanese attack on Shanghai in 1932 prompted the Nationalists to relocate their capital to Luoyang. On March 5, during the Second Plenary Session of the KMT's Fourth Congress, the Western Capital Preparation Committee was formed to plan for the potential relocation of all governmental bodies to Xi'an in the event of full-scale war. In February 1933, the Central Political Conference approved the Northwest Development Bill, and in February 1934, the National Economic Commission set up a northwestern branch to oversee development projects in the region. On October 18, 1934, Chiang Kai-shek traveled to Lanzhou, recording in his diary that “Northwest China has abundant resources. Japan and Russia are poised to bully us. Yet, if we strengthen ourselves and develop northwest China to the fullest extent, we can turn it into a base for China's revival.” Interestingly, it was Sichuan, rather than the northwest, that became China's rear base during the 2nd Sino-Japanese War. In October 1934, the Communist army evacuated its Soviet base in southern China, initiating the Long March that would ultimately end in the northwest. By this time, Chiang Kai-shek had decided to designate Sichuan as the last stronghold for China. In January 1935, the Nanchang Field Headquarters of the Military Affairs Commission, responsible for combatting the Communists and serving as the supreme military and political authority over most provinces along the Yangtze River and central China, dispatched a special advisory group to Chongqing. Following this, the Nationalist army advanced into Sichuan. On February 10, the Nationalists appointed a new provincial government in Sichuan, effectively ending the province's long-standing regionalism. On March 2, Chiang traveled to Chongqing, where he delivered a speech underscoring that “Sichuan should serve as the base for China's revival.” He stated that he was in Sichuan to oversee efforts against the Communist army and to unify the provincial administration.  After the Xinhai revolution, the Republic of China was still suing the Qing Dynasty's conscription system. However, once in power, the Nationalist government sought to establish a national military service program. In 1933, it enacted a military service law, which began implementation in 1936. This law categorized military service into two branches: service in the Nationalist army and in territorial citizen army units. Men aged eighteen to forty-five were expected to serve in the territorial units if they did not enlist in the Nationalist army. The territorial service was structured into three phases: active service lasting two to three years, first reserves for six years, and second reserves until the age of forty-five. The Ministry of Military Affairs divided China into sixty divisional conscription headquarters, initially establishing these headquarters in the six provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, and Hubei. By December 1936, approximately 50,000 new soldiers had been drafted. The military service law disproportionately favored the middle and upper classes. Government personnel were exempt from enlistment, allowing privileged families to register their children with government agencies. Similarly, students in middle and higher education were excused from service, while youth from poorer backgrounds often felt compelled to enlist due to financial constraints that limited their educational opportunities. Village and town leaders were responsible for executing the recruitment process and frequently conspired with army recruiters. Recruitment principles often favored wealthier families, with guidelines stating that one son should be drafted for every three sons, two for five sons, but no drafts if there was only one son. Wealthy families could secure exemptions for all their male children, while poor families might see their only son conscripted if they were unable to provide the requisite bribe. Town and village heads wielded significant power in recruitment. This new recruitment system also created numerous money-making opportunities. Military personnel assigned to escort draftees to their units would often allow draftees to escape for a fee. Additionally, draftees could monetize their service by agreeing to serve as substitutes for others. For some, being drafted became an occupation. For example, in 1936, 600 individuals were drafted in the Wuhu area of Anhui province, and accounts from regional administrators indicated that every draftee had either been traded, replaced, or seized. Beginning in 1929, the Nationalist government also instituted military training for high school students and older individuals. Students were required to participate in one theoretical class and one practical class each week, totaling three hours. Starting in 1934, students had to complete a three-month military training program before graduating. Graduates of military academies were employed as military instructors. By the end of 1936, over 237,000 high school students had undergone military training. This student military training was overseen by the Society for the Implementation of the Three People's Principles of Sun Yat-sen, which also provided political education and sometimes gathered information on students' political beliefs.  Although the Nationalists made significant efforts to improve the military training of both officers and troops, they inherited deep-seated challenges that they were unable to completely overcome. A lack of facilities, outdated training manuals, low regard for military instructors, and the ongoing influence of regionalism and warlordism hindered progress. The Japanese would also later exploit these shortcomings of the Nationalist army. The Central Military Academy, which evolved from the Whampoa Military Academy established in 1923 in Guangzhou to train officers for the Northern Expedition, became the primary training institution for junior military officers. The academy offered a basic course, lasting eighteen months, which included general education, specialized training in various subjects, and field practice. This was followed by a two-year cadet training program focused on developing the skills necessary for junior military officers. Seventeen classes were admitted before the outbreak of war. Admission to the academy was highly competitive, with military officers receiving attractive salaries. For instance, in 1935, the academy received 10,000 applications for the twelfth class, but only 7% were accepted. Upon graduation, cadets were typically assigned to divisions within the Nationalist army loyal to Chiang Kai-shek. Their training, influenced by German advisors, resulted in a high-quality cadre. In modern China, most sergeants were veterans. While some units provided training for sergeants, a lack of formal education led to their diminished status. Truly qualified sergeants were rare. During his tenure as Minister of Military Training, General Bai Chongxi proposed establishing a sergeant school and creating a professional noncommissioned officer system; however, the Ministry of Military Affairs opposed this on financial grounds. While commanding officers enjoyed rapid promotions, military instructors did not. Furthermore, there was no system for transferring instructors to field commands or assigning commanders to military academies for extended periods. Despite minor updates to cover modern warfare concepts such as tank warfare and machine guns, Qing Dynasty military manuals were still in use at the Central Military Academy at the start of the war. Yeah, 1937 they were still rocking the old Qing books. Following the establishment of the Ministry of Military Training, a bureau for military translation was set up to evaluate existing course materials and translate military manuals, but its contributions were limited. Another significant shortcoming of military instruction focused on theory at the expense of practical application.  To enhance the quality of military officers, the Nationalist army instituted specialized schools for artillery, infantry, transport, engineering, and signals starting in 1931. These institutions were considered to have high-quality administrators and facilities. The Nationalists adopted German military training models, replacing the previously used Japanese models. They appointed German advisors to oversee instructor training at military academies and established three instructional divisions. By the onset of the Sino-Japanese War, 15,000 students had graduated from programs with a German military influence, resulting in the creation of about fifty combat divisions from these instructional units. However, the progress of other Nationalist army units was limited because their training was not aligned with contemporary battlefield realities. Before World War I, troops operated in close formations due to limited firepower. The widespread introduction of machine guns after World War I necessitated a shift to dispersed formations. Although a new drill manual issued by the Ministry of Military Training in 1935 introduced small-group tactics, few units adopted these methods. General Chen Cheng highlighted another underlying issue in 1938, commenting on the outmoded focus on parade ground drills and formal military manners. He noted, “We have paid too much attention to stereotypical formality and procedures of no practical use. Sometimes, even though soldiers could not get a haircut or take a bath for several months, their camps had to be in order. They underwent intensive training in close-order drill but learned little about gun handling, marksmanship, or maneuvering. This was inappropriate in peacetime, yet we continued this practice even after the Sino-Japanese War started, even using it on highly educated youth.” In contrast, the Communist army simplified training, emphasizing two essential skills: live-fire exercises and physical endurance, which significantly enhanced troop effectiveness in the challenging terrain characteristic of the Sino-Japanese War. Ultimately, the Nationalist army's training did not reach all soldiers. Only about half of all combat soldiers received adequate training, while the rest were neglected. According to statistics from the time, there were approximately five million military personnel during the Sino-Japanese War, with three million serving in logistics. Most of these logistics personnel had received little training, leading to disastrous consequences for overall combat effectiveness. As warfare has become more complex, the role of highly trained staff officers has become increasingly important. Napoleon developed operational plans close to the front and communicated orders via courier. During World War I, military commanders collected information at their headquarters and utilized telephones and automobiles to relay orders to the front lines. In World War II, with the battlefield expanding to include land, sea, and air, senior commanders often made decisions from headquarters far from the action, relying on a significant number of staff officers with specialized skills to keep them informed. In China, however, the staff officer system was underdeveloped. By 1937, only about 2,000 commanders and staff officers had received training. Prior to the Sino-Japanese War, most commanders managed staff work themselves, with staff officers serving primarily as military secretaries who drafted orders, reports, and maps. Many staff officers had no formal military training, and as a whole, the branch lacked respect, causing the most talented officers to avoid serving in it. The situation was even more dire for staff officer departments within local forces. For example, in March 1937, Liu Ziqing, a graduate of the Whampoa Military Academy, was appointed as the director of political instruction in the Forty-fourth Army, a unit under Sichuan warlord Liu Xiang. Liu Ziqing's account illustrates the dysfunction within the ranks: “The commander in chief was not supposed to manage the army and even did not know its whereabouts... But he could appoint relatives and former subordinates—who were officials and businessmen as well—to the army. Each month they would receive a small stipend. At headquarters, there was a long table and two rows of chairs. Around ten o'clock in the morning, senior officers signed in to indicate their presence. Those with other business would leave, while the remaining officers sat down to leisurely discuss star actresses, fortune-telling, business projects, mah-jongg, and opium. Occasionally they would touch on national affairs, chat about news articles, or share local gossip. In the afternoons, they primarily played mah-jongg, held banquets, and visited madams. Most mornings, the commander usually presided over these activities, and at first, I reported for duty as well. But I soon realized it was a waste of time and came very rarely. At headquarters, most staff members wore long gowns or Western-style suits, while military uniforms were a rare sight.” Most senior military personnel were trained at the Baoding Military Academy during the early republic. 2/3rds of commanders in chief, 37 %of army commanders, and 20 % of division commanders were Baoding graduates. Higher-ranking officers were more likely to have launched their careers there. In contrast, only 10 % of division commanders and a few army commanders were graduates of the Whampoa Military Academy. Additionally, commanders trained in local military schools and those with combat experience accounted for 1/3rd of all commanders. While the prevalence of civil war provided opportunities for rapid promotion, it also hindered officers' ability to update their training or gain experience in different military branches. German advisors expressed their concerns to Chiang Kai-shek, emphasizing that officers should first serve in junior roles before taking command. During one battle in 1938, Chiang noted, “Our commanders in chief are equivalent only to our enemy's regiment commanders, and our army and division commanders are only as competent as our enemy's battalion and company commanders.” Despite not viewing high-ranking Japanese officers as great strategists, Nationalist officers respected them as highly competent, diligent, and professional commanders who rarely made critical errors. The infantry was the primary component of the Nationalist army, with middle and junior infantry officers constituting over 80 %of all army officers. A 1936 registry of military officers listed 1,105 colonels and 2,159 lieutenant colonels within the infantry, demonstrating a significant outnumbering of Baoding graduates at ranks below lieutenant colonel. However, the quality of middle and junior infantry officers declined during the Sino-Japanese War; by 1944, only 27.3 % of these officers were from formal military academies, while those promoted from the ranks increased to 28.1 %. In 1937, 80 % of officers in an ordinary infantry battalion were military academy graduates, but this percentage dropped to 20 % during the war. Its hard to tell how educated soldiers were before the war, but it is generally believed that most were illiterate. In 1929, sociologist Tao Menghe surveyed 946 soldiers from a Shanxi garrison brigade and found that only 13 percent could compose a letter independently, while the rest had either never learned to read or were unable to write. In contrast, in August 1938, General Feng Yuxiang found that 80 percent of a regiment in Hunan were literate. Regardless, during the Sino-Japanese War, the quality of recruits steadily declined. More than 90 percent of soldiers were illiterate, and few possessed any basic scientific knowledge, which hindered their ability to master their weapons. On the battlefield, they heavily relied on middle and junior officers for guidance.  In autumn 1933, General Hans von Seeckt, the architect of the post World War I German army, visited China at the personal invitation of Chiang Kai-shek. In his recommendations for military reform, he identified China's greatest problem as its excessively large forces drawn from diverse backgrounds. He stated, “At present, the most pressing goal is to... establish a small, well-equipped army with high morale and combat effectiveness to replace the numerous poorly armed and trained forces.” He suggested forming an army of sixty divisions and recommended the establishment of a training regiment for military officers to equip them with the skills needed for modern warfare. Chiang Kai-shek accepted von Seeckt's proposals, and on January 26, 1935, he convened a National Military Reorganization Conference in Nanjing. On March 1, the Army Reorganization Bureau was established in Wuchang, under the leadership of General Chen Cheng. In the same month, General Alexander von Falkenhausen took charge of the German Military Advisors Group. Before war broke out, around nineteen divisions, roughly 300,000 troops received training from German advisors and were equipped with German-style weapons. At the onset of the Sino-Japanese War, the forces stemming from the First Army of the National Revolutionary Army and the Whampoa cadets, who had fought in the Northern Expedition, held the highest reputation and were referred to as the “core central forces” by the Japanese. Other notable forces included the Guangxi Army, Northwestern Army, Northeastern Army, some Uyghur units, the Guangdong Army, and the Shanxi Army. In contrast, provincial forces such as the Yunnan Army and Sichuan Army were viewed less favorably. Nationalist forces were generally far inferior to those of the Japanese enemy. In 1937, General He Yingqin noted that Nationalist forces had failed to prevail in 1932 and 1933, even when outnumbering the Japanese by 4-1.  In November 1937, during a national defense conference, Chiang Kai-shek stated, "In recent years we have worked hard, prepared actively, and achieved national unification. By the time of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, we were in a better domestic situation and had improved military preparedness compared to before. Since 1935, our strength has doubled. It increased by more than two to three times since January 1932 or September 1931 [when Japan attacked Shanghai and Mukden]. If peace had been achievable, we should have delayed the war for two or three years. Given an additional three years, our defensive capabilities would have been drastically different... Now, if we merely compare the military strength of China and Japan, we are certainly inferior." However, such assessments were overly optimistic, as Chiang failed to recognize that Japan's military capabilities would not have stagnated. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek certainly was dealt a difficult hand of cards for the upcoming poker match he was to play. Yet the Chinese were resilient and they had to be for the absolute horror that would be inflicted upon them from 1937-1945. Until this point, their enemies had been far more lenient, the Empire of Japan would show no mercy.

Graduation is an exciting milestone—but it's also a launching point into a brand-new season of life. In this episode, Kari and Thomas share heartfelt, biblical advice for graduates stepping into the next chapter. Packed with Scripture, encouragement, and practical insight, this is the episode every graduate, and every parent of a graduate, needs to hear. Tune in, share it with a graduate you love, and keep moving forward in faith.

Graduation is a time of excitement, transition, and growth—but also uncertainty and change. In today’s devotional, Alicia Searl offers heartfelt encouragement and a prayer for graduates stepping into a brand-new chapter. Drawing from Jesus’ words in Matthew 7, listeners are reminded of the importance of building their life on the solid rock of faith. Whether on a mountaintop or in a valley, God is faithful, present, and ready to guide each step forward. Themes Explored: Encouragement for graduates Building a foundation on Christ Trusting God in new seasons The importance of godly community Spiritual preparation for the future Scripture References Matthew 7:24 “Therefore everyone who hears these words of mine and puts them into practice is like a wise man who built his house on the rock.”

Congratulations, graduate! You've survived the lesson plans, late nights, and student teaching. You crossed the stage at graduation, now what? Whether you've landed your first teaching job or are still searching, this episode will help you transition from cap and gown to classroom and beyond. Here are three graduation tips to focus on as you step into this exciting new chapter. Graduation Tip 1: Find the Right Job FitGraduation Tip 2: Budgeting, DIY, and Meal PrepGraduation Tip 3: Grow as a Future Teacher Connect with Dr. Sam FecichDo you want to continue the conversation beyond the podcast? You can connect with me online for more resources, inspiration, and support tailored to future educators and teachers.

Senior Shoutouts 2025, Congrats to all the grads Headlines

What do Mario Puzo's “The Godfather” and Colin Powell's life rules have in common? According to Admiral James Stavridis—quite a bit. Listen in as Michael sits down with the former NATO Supreme Allied Commander to unpack his bold and unconventional commencement address recently delivered at Adelphi University. Drawing surprising leadership lessons from The Godfather, Stavridis inspires graduates with wisdom from Don Corleone to Colin Powell. The conversation then widens to geopolitics including NATO strategy and the Russia-Ukraine war, Israel and Iran, and the controversy over the gifted Qatari jet. Timely, thoughtful, and unexpectedly entertaining—this is an episode you won't want to miss. Original air date 22 May 2025.

A traumatic first birth can shape everything that follows—but with the right support, education, and advocacy, it's possible to turn fear into empowerment.   In this episode, Dr. Rebecca Dekker sits down with EBB Childbirth Class Graduates Rivka and Steven Dubinsky as they share the transformative journey from a traumatic hospital induction and birth injury to a redemptive second birth experience centered on autonomy, education, and trust. Rivka opens up about how her first birth left her physically injured and emotionally shaken, and how she didn't initially recognize it as trauma. Over time—and with therapy, research, and support—she came to understand what had been taken from her. Determined to have a different experience with her second child, she carefully selected a trauma-informed OB, dove into birth education, and found strength in preparing for every possibility.   Together, Rivka and Steven share how they prepared as a team, how Steven stepped into his advocacy role during labor, and why they chose to “fire” a hospital-assigned doula. They also reflect on the surprising power of reclaiming their voice—even in the midst of pain—and how a supported birth experience can shift everything.   Content Note: This episode includes discussion of birth trauma. This episode also contains mild language at 45:55.   (01:48) Rivka's First Birth and the Silent Cost of Lost Autonomy (07:13) Steven's Reflections on Feeling Unprepared to Support (10:45) Moving to Ohio and Choosing Trauma-Informed Care (14:02) Becoming an “Information Junkie” and Taking the EBB Childbirth Class (17:02) Steven Learns Advocacy Through EBB (22:14) From Elective Cesarean Plan to Informed Induction (29:18) Navigating Nursing Styles and Hospital Systems (36:00) Epidural Differences and Listening to Her Body (40:50) Hands-On, Informed Support During Pushing (43:39) A Sunny-Side-Up Baby and Immediate Skin-to-Skin (45:53) Feeling Empowered, Present, and Powerful (50:06) Advice for Families Seeking Trauma-Informed Birth Care   Resources Learn more about Rivka and Steven's EBB Instructor, Aly Romot: @alyromotdoula For more information about Evidence Based Birth® and a crash course on evidence based care, visit www.ebbirth.com. Follow us on Instagram and YouTube! Ready to learn more? Grab an EBB Podcast Listening Guide or read Dr. Dekker's book, "Babies Are Not Pizzas: They're Born, Not Delivered!" If you want to get involved at EBB, join our Professional membership (scholarship options available) and get on the wait list for our EBB Instructor program. Find an EBB Instructor here, and click here to learn more about the EBB Childbirth Class.