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GB2RS News Sunday, the 26th of October 2025 The news headlines: Get involved with YOTA Month and book your GB25YOTA operating slot today Photos from the VHF and HF contest trophies presentation are now on the RSGB website RSGB gives an update on the QSL Bureau Youngsters on the Air Month takes place in December, and the RSGB would love you to take part in this annual event. Special callsign GB25YOTA will be active throughout the month. Whether you are an individual, club, school, university or social group, this is a fantastic opportunity to host the callsign and get young radio amateurs active on the amateur bands. The Society would love to see Scouts, Girlguiding and Cadet groups taking part too. The RGSB has changed the procedure for booking operating slots this year, so it is easier to see availability. Visit rsgb.org/yota-month and click on the schedule to view which time slots are available. These aren't fixed and can be adjusted to suit your timings. You'll then need to email RSGB YOTA Month Coordinator Jamie, M0SDV via yota.month@rsgb.org.uk to register as a GB25YOTA host and book your slot. Jamie can also help with any questions about taking part for the first time. The Society is aiming for the callsign to be hosted every day during December to enable more youngsters to have a taste of amateur radio. Be part of this great goal and book your operating slot today. The main VHF and HF contest trophy presentations were held at the RSGB 2025 Convention on Sunday, the 12th of October. A list of the winners and photos from the presentation can now be seen on the RSGB website via rsgb.org/trophies and selecting ‘Awards photos galleries' from the menu on the right-hand side. During the presentation, the prestigious ROTAB Trophy was awarded to John Warburton, G4IRN, for outstanding and consistent DX work. The RSGB would like to congratulate John and all the winners who received a trophy. Following the well-deserved retirement of QSL Bureau Manager Richard Constantine, G3UGF, the RSGB Board is making arrangements to ensure the continued smooth operation of the QSL Bureau service. Members should continue to send outgoing QSL cards to PO Box 5, Halifax, as usual. Similarly, incoming cards will continue to be distributed by your existing sub-manager, and stamped, addressed envelopes should still be sent directly to them. The Board is currently finalising new management arrangements for the Bureau and will provide a further update once these are in place. The Board wishes to record its sincere thanks to Richard for his many years of dedicated service to the Society and to the amateur radio community. Following Ofcom's recent implementation of Phases 2 and 3 of the amateur radio licence review, it has updated its main guidance document. Please ensure you use the October 2025 edition so that you are using the latest information. Ofcom has also clarified that if you hold a Special Contest Callsign NoV and you change your individual or club callsign, the SCC NoV is still valid. This is because your Full Amateur Radio Licence reference number has not changed. If you do hold an SCC NoV and you have changed your individual or club callsign, please send an email to scc@rsgb.org.uk  stating your old callsign, your new callsign and your SCC, so the RSGB Contest Support Committee Chair can update the issued SCC list. And now for details of rallies and events Today, the 26th, the Galashiels Radio and Computer Rally is taking place at The Volunteer Hall, St John's Street, Galashiels, TD1 3JX. The doors open at 11 am and admission costs £3. Disabled access is available from 10.45 am. For more information, visit galaradioclub.co.uk The Thirteenth Scottish Microwave Round Table GMRT will take place at the Museum of Communication in Burntisland, Fife, Scotland, on Saturday, the 1st of November, from 10.30 am to 5 pm. An interesting programme of speakers has been arranged, and microwave test facilities will be provided. There will be an opportunity to buy components and microwave-related items. An optional dinner will be held in the evening at a local hotel. Further information and online registration are available at gmroundtable.org.uk. The event has a maximum capacity of 50 people, and there are only limited places left, so book now to avoid disappointment. Now the Special Event news Celebrating the 40th anniversary of the Dutch Marine Radio Amateur Club, special callsign PA40MARAC is active until the 31st of December. A QSO with this station earns ten points towards the Marine Amateur Radio Club Award. For more details, visit the PI4MRC page at QRZ.com Tarragonès Radio Club, EA3RCY, will be on the air throughout November using the special callsign AO25TWHS. The station is active to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the UNESCO World Heritage designation of ancient Tarraco. Operators will be using a variety of bands and modes. All radio amateurs and shortwave listeners are invited to take part and earn a commemorative award certificate. For more information, visit tinyurl.com/AO25TWHS Now the DX news Harald, DF2WO, is active as XT2AW from Burkina Faso until tomorrow, the 27th. He usually operates CW, FT4, FT8 and SSB on various bands. He also works via the QO-100 satellite. QSL via OQRS and Logbook of the World. Mike, VE2XB, is active as VY0ZOO from Coral Harbour on Southampton Island, NA-007, until the 18th of December. Listen for activity on the 80 to 10m bands using CW and SSB. QSL via VE2XB. Now the contest news The CQ World Wide DX SSB Contest started at 0000 UTC yesterday, the 25th, and ends at 2359 UTC today, the 26th of October. Using SSB on the 160 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is signal report and CQ Zone. The UK is in Zone 14. Tomorrow, the 27th, the RSGB FT4 Series Contest runs from 2000 to 2200 UTC. Using FT4 on the 80 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is your report. On Tuesday the 28th, the RSGB SHF UK Activity Contest runs from 1830 to 2130 UTC. Using all modes on 2.3 to 10GHz frequencies, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. On Wednesday the 29th, the United Kingdom and Ireland Contest Club 80m Contest runs from 2000 to 2100 UTC. Using CW on the 80m band, the exchange is your six-character locator. The United Kingdom and Ireland Contest Club DX SSB Contest starts at 1200 UTC on Saturday, the 1st of November and ends at 1200 UTC on Sunday, the 2nd of November. Using SSB on the 80 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is signal report and serial number. UK and EI stations also send their district code. For full details, including the team competition and area codes, visit ukeicc.com  or rsgbcc.org. Scores from RSGB members operating within the UK and Crown Dependencies will be included in the HF Championship. The 144MHz CW Marconi Contest starts at 1400 UTC on Saturday, the 1st and ends at 1400 UTC on Sunday, the 2nd of November. Using CW on the 2m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. The Worked All Britain DX Contest also starts at 1200 UTC on Saturday, the 1st and ends at 1200 UTC on Sunday, the 2nd of November. Using SSB on the 80 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is signal report, serial number and Worked All Britain square. Entries need to be with the contest manager by the 12th of November. Visit the Worked All Britain website to read more about the rules for the contest Now the radio propagation report, compiled by G0KYA, G3YLA and G4BAO on Thursday the 23rd of October. It looks like Earth dodged a bullet last week when a large coronal mass ejection, or CME, erupted on the far side of the Sun on Tuesday, the 21st of October. Had that CME been Earth-directed, we could have endured a strong, or possibly an extreme, geomagnetic storm with dazzling displays of aurora. The source of the eruption was possibly sunspot region 4246, which is now past the Sun's west limb. The ACE spacecraft detected high levels of protons streaming past Earth, but they remained below the minor S1 radiation storm threshold. In other news, we have had a quiet geomagnetic week, which has allowed the ionosphere to shine. The solar flux index has been modest, ranging from 130 to 150, but propagation has been aided by improved geomagnetic conditions. During the past week, the 10m band was humming with activity. Lots of stations were preparing for the CQ World Wide SSB Contest, which ends today, the 26th. 8P5A in Barbados has been romping in during the afternoon, as has HZ0YL in Saudi Arabia. Other DX worked last week, according to the CDXC Slack chat group, includes VK9DX on Norfolk Island on 12m SSB; 6O3T in Somalia on 40m CW; and PJ6Y on Saba and St Eustatius using SSB on the 12m band. This last station is a young radio amateurs' DXpedition by the Pacific Island DX Group. Next week, NOAA predicts that the solar flux index will stay in the 140 to 150 range with the Kp index starting the week low but then rising. We may expect a Kp index of 5, or even 6, around the 28th to the 31st of October. Look for auroral conditions and lower maximum usable frequencies during this period. Meanwhile, make the most of the long-range propagation on the higher bands while the Kp index is low. And now the VHF and up propagation news from G3YLA and G4BAO The period of weather up to the end of the week ending the 2nd of November looks distinctly unsettled, with the weather pattern driven by an Atlantic jet stream pointing straight at the British Isles. This will mean that further periods of stormy weather are possible with strong winds and heavy rain. This is not a time to expect much tropo for VHF or UHF, but it is a good period for the GHz bands to explore rain scatter propagation. The foF2 and foEs graphs at propquest.co.uk  have been experiencing some data supply issues recently. It's worth noting that strong jet streams and fast-moving weather systems, as we have now, can bring a chance of out-of-season Sporadic-E. A good example on the evening of Sunday, the 19th of October, can be found if you check the archive tab. This four-hour active period was possibly associated with a slowly advancing jet stream as seen on the Sporadic-E blog tab for that date. Meteor scatter operators had the Orionids, which peaked on the 22nd, to play with last week. The broad zone of activity may continue to provide weakening interest through the coming week. The Kp index has been relatively subdued recently, but the message is once again to continue to monitor for the chance openings by noting when the Kp index reaches 5 or more, or if you start to hear LF CW signals take on a fluttery note. For EME operators, the Moon's declination is at a minimum today, the 26th, so Moon window lengths and peak elevation are both low. Apogee was early on Friday the 24th, so path losses are falling again. 144MHz sky noise rises over the weekend, reaching some 3300K today, the 26th, before falling steadily to low levels the following Friday. And that's all from the propagation team this week.

Chapter 1 – Intertrigo: Prevention, Work-Up, and When (Not) to Use Antibiotics (00:11) John introduces the podcast episode and the hosts. (02:39) John welcomes Dr Laura Buckley (Senior Lecturer, Veterinary Dermatology, University of Liverpool) and asks what “brachycephalic” means and which breeds it covers. Laura explains shortened muzzles and broad, domed heads; the most extreme include French and British Bulldogs, Pugs and Boston Terriers, with Cavaliers, Chihuahuas and Dogue de Bordeaux also affected. (04:00) Sue notes their huge popularity in UK primary care. Laura adds that around 40% of her clinic can be French Bulldogs, with brachycephalics a very large overall share. (04:33) Sue asks which skin problems are most common. Laura explains that atopic dermatitis and otitis (externa/media) lead, with interdigital furunculosis also frequent. Cavaliers often show primary secretory otitis media. Skin-fold dermatitis (intertrigo) and muzzle furunculosis are common, and lesions can form over bony prominences where itchy dogs rub. (06:15) Sue asks what intertrigo is and why brachys get it. Laura explains shortened muzzles leave redundant skin that folds around eyes and muzzle, creating humid, low-airflow pockets that accumulate keratinous/sebaceous debris. Microbial overgrowth follows; bristly coats plus rubbing traumatises follicles and escalates inflammation. (08:06) Sue asks about prevention. Laura suggests daily fold hygiene from the start: clean away debris; consider antiseptic wipes (e.g., chlorhexidine) once or twice daily, and increase during flare-prone periods. (09:15) Sue highlights how early routines improve compliance and handling; Laura agrees it gives a “head start,” especially as atopy often appears within the first three years. (10:08) John asks how early disease presents and how to work it up. Laura explains earliest signs are diffuse erythema in the fold, then partial/complete alopecia, erosion/ulceration, crusting; severe untreated cases may progress to folliculitis and even deep pyoderma. (11:48) Sue asks about cytology. Laura explains it's pivotal: expect keratinous debris with cocci (staphylococci) or Malassezia in overgrowth; neutrophils with intracellular bacteria indicate infection and guide therapy. (12:57) John asks if systemic antibiotics are ever needed. Laura explains they're rarely indicated: most cases respond to topical antiseptics/antimicrobials plus strong anti-inflammatory control. Consider systemic antibiotics only for genuine deep, painful, draining pyoderma, immunosuppression, poor feasibility for topicals, or proven topical failure - always post culture & susceptibility. (15:47) John asks how she controls inflammation. Laura uses topical glucocorticoids (often in combination products). For severe inflammation, short anti-inflammatory courses of prednisolone (~0.5–1 mg/kg for a few days before tapering) can calm tissue so topicals can work. (16:48) Sue asks about long-term routines and when to consider surgery. Laura advises daily fold cleaning (once–twice daily) and twice-weekly topical anti-inflammatories (e.g., hydrocortisone aceponate or mometasone) with minimal systemic absorption; discuss surgery if medical care is impractical, or if maintenance fails with frequent relapses or recurrent infections. Chapter 2 – Viral Pigmented Plaques (VPP) (19:33) John moves to VPP and asks which brachy breeds are affected. Laura most often sees Pugs, plus Boston Terriers, Chihuahuas and French Bulldogs. (20:25) Sue asks what they look like. Laura describes numerous, heavily pigmented, slightly raised plaques that may begin flatter and become scaly, verruciform and hyperkeratotic over time. (22:00) Sue asks how to differentiate melanoma. Laura says biopsy/histopathology is the diagnostic choice; FNAs from plaques are often low-cellularity keratinocytes, whereas melanoma cytology differs. (23:43) John asks if plaques regress. Laura explains most persist or increase, likely due to a virus-specific, genetically influenced immunodeficiency in otherwise healthy, often young dogs. For treatment, Laura notes most are cosmetic, but very rarely plaques can transform to SCC, so monitoring matters. Limited numbers can be removed surgically or with laser; for numerous lesions consider systemic/medical options (e.g., azithromycin, interferon, retinoids, vitamin A, topical imiquimod) with variable success. (25:35) Sue summarises a primary-care approach: monitor unless numerous, pruritic, function-limiting or rapidly changing. Laura agrees; schedule regular reviews. Chapter 3 – Seasonal Flank Alopecia (SFA) (26:30) Sue introduces SFA and asks what it is and why it happens. Laura explains it's a localised cyclic follicular dysplasia linked to photoperiod and melatonin; predisposed breeds include Boxers, Affenpinschers, British Bulldogs, Staffies and Chihuahuas. (29:40) John asks about geography. Laura notes seasonality is more marked away from the equator where day-length swings are greater. Sue recalls light-box data suggesting equal photoperiod may prevent SFA; both agree the pattern fits a light/melatonin mechanism. (30:18) Sue contrasts the clinical picture with endocrine alopecia. Laura explains SFA shows sharply demarcated, bilateral flank patches (± hyperpigmentation). Endocrinopathies tend to be diffuse, affect coat quality and other sites (e.g., tail). (32:27) Sue asks differentials and work-up. Laura highlights hypothyroidism and Cushing's; use signalment and systemic signs, then haematology/biochemistry ± T4/TSH and targeted endocrine tests as indicated. (33:03) Sue asks about monitoring. Laura expects regrowth in spring within 1–4 months as day length rises, though a minority become permanently alopecic. (35:45) John asks about treatment. Laura reassures it's cosmetic once endocrinopathies are excluded; many owners opt to observe. For those wanting intervention, oral melatonin and increased light exposure are reasonable. (37:30) John thanks Laura and invites her for episode 2!

Baptism is a picture of a new life! This weekend we have the amazing opportunity to celebrate what God is doing here at SCC through the ancient practice of baptism. We're used to thinking that baptism day is about us or the other people who made their declaration of faith alongside of us, but nothing could be further from the truth. Baptism is a celebration and picture of Christ's loving work of salvation on the cross. It points us to His grace and power in our lives. For this reason, baptism is a reminder to keep our spiritual appetites sharp. It reminds us to never stop pursuing Christ, seeking to know Him, and letting Him fill us with His grace and mercy. Scripture reminds us: “For God saved us and called us to live a holy life. He did this, not because we deserved it, but because that was His plan from before the beginning of time–to show us His grace through Christ Jesus” (2 Timothy 1:9).

During the course of an investigation under the Traffic Safety Act, a police officer attempted to effect a warrantless arrest of the applicant for obstruction under s. 129(a) of the Criminal Code. In a pre-trial application, the trial judge found that the police officer was not executing a lawful arrest, and therefore breached the applicant's s. 9 Charter right not to be arbitrarily detained by attempting the arrest. The trial judge acquitted the applicant of assault causing bodily harm. The Court of Appeal allowed the appeal, and ordered a new trial. Argued Date 2025-10-17 Keywords Criminal law — Arrest — Can a police officer arrest an individual for obstruction under the Criminal Code, during the course of a regulatory (or municipal) investigation where the regulatory (or municipal) statute provides for a lesser enforcement remedy — Does the discretion referenced in Goodwin v. British Columbia (Superintendent of Motor Vehicles), 2015 SCC 46 allow police officers to engage the more serious Criminal Code provisions during the course of an investigation for less serious regulatory or municipal offences? Notes (Alberta) (Criminal) (By Leave) Language English Audio Disclaimers This podcast is created as a public service to promote public access and awareness of the workings of Canada's highest court. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Court. The original version of this hearing may be found on the Supreme Court of Canada's website. The above case summary was prepared by the Office of the Registrar of the Supreme Court of Canada (Law Branch).

URSULA'S TOP STORIES: Countdown to game time! // SCC approves new sales tax increase // Warning letters for sex buyers // Newcastle is a budding hotspot for hate // Young Republicans racist texts revealed // WE NEED TO TALK. . . About the measles

In 2015, a finding of misconduct was made against an Edmonton Police Service (EPS) detective, and was recorded in a document entitled “Decision of Hearing”. The EPS provided the respondent, His Majesty the King in Right of Canada (hereafter, the “Crown”), with a copy of the Decision of Hearing in July 2015 in relation to a prosecution. The finding of misconduct to which the Decision of Hearing relates was later removed from the detective's record of discipline by operation of s. 22 of the Police Service Regulation.By June of 2022, respondent John McKee had been charged with drug and weapons offences, following an investigation in which the detective had been involved. In July 2023, the Crown advised Mr. McKee's counsel that records relating to the detective's past misconduct may be relevant and subject to disclosure, as the details of the misconduct were serious and had a realistic bearing on the detective's credibility. The Crown further advised that the EPS opposed disclosure of the records but the Crown would consent to an application for disclosure if Mr. McKee should choose to bring one.Mr. McKee brought an application for disclosure in the Court of King's Bench of Alberta. The application judge held that the information of misconduct in the Decision of Hearing was relevant and disclosable by the Crown as first-party information. The application was granted. Argued Date 2025-10-07 Keywords Criminal law — Evidence — Disclosure — Police disciplinary records — Information relating to past finding of misconduct of police detective removed from detective's record of discipline pursuant to Police Service Regulation — Detective involved in investigation leading to charges against accused — Crown determining information concerning detective's past misconduct possibly relevant and material to accused's prosecution — Detective and chief of police opposing disclosure — Application judge determining information of misconduct must be disclosed — Whether the scope of “the possession of the prosecuting Crown” includes information provided to the Crown's office outside of the particular prosecution at issue — Scope of disclosure of police disciplinary records required by R. v. McNeil, 2009 SCC 3 — Whether statutorily expunged findings of police officer misconduct disclosable to the accused in unrelated criminal proceedings — Whether factors not listed in R. v. Sullivan, 2022 SCC 19 constitute permissible exemptions to horizontal stare decisis — Police Service Regulation, Alta. Reg. 356/1990, s. 22. Notes (Alberta) (Criminal) (By Leave) Language English Audio Disclaimers This podcast is created as a public service to promote public access and awareness of the workings of Canada's highest court. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Court. The original version of this hearing may be found on the Supreme Court of Canada's website. The above case summary was prepared by the Office of the Registrar of the Supreme Court of Canada (Law Branch).

In 2015, a finding of misconduct was made against an Edmonton Police Service (EPS) detective, and was recorded in a document entitled “Decision of Hearing”. The EPS provided the respondent, His Majesty the King in Right of Canada (hereafter, the “Crown”), with a copy of the Decision of Hearing in July 2015 in relation to a prosecution. The finding of misconduct to which the Decision of Hearing relates was later removed from the detective's record of discipline by operation of s. 22 of the Police Service Regulation.By June of 2022, respondent John McKee had been charged with drug and weapons offences, following an investigation in which the detective had been involved. In July 2023, the Crown advised Mr. McKee's counsel that records relating to the detective's past misconduct may be relevant and subject to disclosure, as the details of the misconduct were serious and had a realistic bearing on the detective's credibility. The Crown further advised that the EPS opposed disclosure of the records but the Crown would consent to an application for disclosure if Mr. McKee should choose to bring one.Mr. McKee brought an application for disclosure in the Court of King's Bench of Alberta. The application judge held that the information of misconduct in the Decision of Hearing was relevant and disclosable by the Crown as first-party information. The application was granted. Argued Date 2025-10-08 Keywords Criminal law — Evidence — Disclosure — Police disciplinary records — Information relating to past finding of misconduct of police detective removed from detective's record of discipline pursuant to Police Service Regulation — Detective involved in investigation leading to charges against accused — Crown determining information concerning detective's past misconduct possibly relevant and material to accused's prosecution — Detective and chief of police opposing disclosure — Application judge determining information of misconduct must be disclosed — Whether the scope of “the possession of the prosecuting Crown” includes information provided to the Crown's office outside of the particular prosecution at issue — Scope of disclosure of police disciplinary records required by R. v. McNeil, 2009 SCC 3 — Whether statutorily expunged findings of police officer misconduct disclosable to the accused in unrelated criminal proceedings — Whether factors not listed in R. v. Sullivan, 2022 SCC 19 constitute permissible exemptions to horizontal stare decisis — Police Service Regulation, Alta. Reg. 356/1990, s. 22. Notes (Alberta) (Criminal) (By Leave) Language English Audio Disclaimers This podcast is created as a public service to promote public access and awareness of the workings of Canada's highest court. It is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Court. The original version of this hearing may be found on the Supreme Court of Canada's website. The above case summary was prepared by the Office of the Registrar of the Supreme Court of Canada (Law Branch).

On our 33rd anniversary, several of us (including guest, Bradley Jersak) shared thoughts on what they've appreciated about being a part of SCC. We closed with Ray's singing of "Kingfishers" (aka "Icarus" or "The Hot Song"). Much love and gratitude was present.

** There are less than 10 tickets remaining for the live recording of Uncommons with Catherine McKenna on Thursday Oct 2nd. Register for free here. **On this two-part episode of Uncommons, Nate digs into Bill C-2 and potential impacts on privacy, data surveillance and sharing with US authorities, and asylum claims and refugee protections.In the first half, Nate is joined by Kate Robertson, senior researcher at the University of Toronto's Citizen Lab. Kate's career has spanned criminal prosecutions, regulatory investigations, and international human rights work with the United Nations in Cambodia. She has advocated at every level of court in Canada, clerked at the Supreme Court, and has provided pro bono services through organizations like Human Rights Watch Canada. Her current research at Citizen Lab examines the intersection of technology, privacy, and the law.In part two, Nate is joined by Adam Sadinsky, a Toronto-based immigration and refugee lawyer and co-chair of the Canadian Association of Refugee Lawyers' Advocacy Committee. Adam has represented clients at every level of court in Canada, including the Supreme Court, and was co-counsel in M.A.A. v. D.E.M.E. (2020 ONCA 486) and Canadian Council for Refugees v. Canada (2023 SCC 17).Further Reading:Unspoken Implications A Preliminary Analysis of Bill C-2 and Canada's Potential Data-Sharing Obligations Towards the United States and Other Countries - Kate Robertson, Citizen LabKate Robertson Chapters:00:00 Introduction & Citizen Lab03:00 Bill C-2 and the Strong Borders Act08:00 Data Sharing and Human Rights Concerns15:00 The Cloud Act & International Agreements22:00 Real-World Examples & Privacy Risks28:00 Parliamentary Process & Fixing the BillAdam Sadinsky Chapters:33:33 Concerns Over Asylum Eligibility in Canada36:30 Government Goals and Fairness for Refugee Claimants39:00 Changing Country Conditions and New Risks41:30 The Niagara Falls Example & Other Unfair Exclusions44:00 Frivolous vs. Legitimate Claims in the Refugee System47:00 Clearing the Backlog with Fair Pathways50:00 Broad Powers Granted to the Government52:00 Privacy Concerns and Closing ReflectionsPart 1: Kate RobertsonNate Erskine-Smith00:00-00:01Kate, thanks for joining me.Kate Robertson00:01-00:01Thanks for having me.Nate Erskine-Smith00:02-00:15So I have had Ron Debert on the podcast before. So for people who really want to go back into the archive, they can learn a little bit about what the Citizen Lab is. But for those who are not that interested, you're a senior researcher there. What is the Citizen Lab?Kate Robertson00:16-01:00Well, it's an interdisciplinary research lab based at University of Toronto. It brings together researchers from a technology standpoint, political science, lawyers like myself and other disciplines to examine the intersection between information and communication technologies, law, human rights, and global security. And over time, it's published human rights reports about some of the controversial and emerging surveillance technologies of our time, including spyware or AI-driven technologies. And it's also really attempted to produce a thoughtful research that helps policymakers navigate some of these challenges and threats.Nate Erskine-Smith01:01-02:50That's a very good lead into this conversation because here we have Bill C-2 coming before Parliament for debate this fall, introduced in June, at the beginning of June. And it's called the Strong Borders Act in short, but it touches, I started counting, it's 15 different acts that are touched by this omnibus legislation. The government has laid out a rationale around strengthening our borders, keeping our borders secure, combating transnational organized crime, stopping the flow of illegal fentanyl, cracking down on money laundering, a litany of things that I think most people would look at and say broadly supportive of stopping these things from happening and making sure we're enhancing our security and the integrity of our immigration system and on. You, though, have provided some pretty thoughtful and detailed rational legal advice around some of the challenges you see in the bill. You're not the only one. There are other challenges on the asylum changes we're making. There are other challenges on lawful access and privacy. You've, though, highlighted, in keeping with the work of the Citizen Lab, the cross-border data sharing, the challenges with those data sharing provisions in the bill. It is a bit of a deep dive and a little wonky, but you've written a preliminary analysis of C2 and Canada's potential data sharing obligations towards the U.S. and other countries, unspoken implications, and you published it mid-June. It is incredibly relevant given the conversation we're having this fall. So if you were to at a high level, and we'll go ahead and some of the weeds, but at a high level articulate the main challenges you see in the legislation from the standpoint that you wrote in unspoken implications. Walk us through them.Kate Robertson02:51-06:15Well, before C2 was tabled for a number of years now, myself and other colleagues at the lab have been studying new and evolving ways that we're seeing law enforcement data sharing and cross-border cooperation mechanisms being put to use in new ways. We have seen within this realm some controversial data sharing frameworks under treaty protocols or bilateral agreement mechanisms with the United States and others, which reshape how information is shared with law enforcement in foreign jurisdictions and what kinds of safeguards and mechanisms are applied to that framework to protect human rights. And I think as a really broad trend, what is probably most, the simplest way to put it is that what we're really seeing is a growing number of ways that borders are actually being exploited to the detriment of human rights standards. Rights are essentially falling through the cracks. This can happen either through cross-border joint investigations between agencies in multiple states in ways that essentially go forum shopping for the laws and the most locks, that's right. You can also see foreign states that seek to leverage cooperation tools in democratic states in order to track, surveil, or potentially even extradite human rights activists and dissidents, journalists that are living in exile outside their borders. And what this has really come out of is a discussion point that has been made really around the world that if crime is going to become more transient across borders, that law enforcement also needs to have a greater freedom to move more seamlessly across borders. But what often is left out of that framing is that human rights standards that are really deeply entrenched in our domestic law systems, they would also need to be concurrently meaningful across borders. And unfortunately, that's not what we're seeing. Canada is going to be facing decisions around this, both within the context of C2 and around it in the coming months and beyond, as we know that it has been considering and in negotiation around a couple of very controversial agreements. One of those, the sort of elephant in the room, so to speak, is that the legislation has been tabled at a time where we know that Canada and the United States have been in negotiations for actually a couple of years around a potential agreement called the CLOUD Act, which would quite literally cede Canada's sovereignty to the United States and law enforcement authorities and give them really a blanket opportunity to directly apply surveillance orders onto entities, both public and private in Canada?Nate Erskine-Smith06:16-07:46Well, so years in the making negotiations, but we are in a very different world with the United States today than we were two years ago. And I was just in, I was in Mexico City for a conference with parliamentarians across the Americas, and there were six Democratic congressmen and women there. One, Chuy Garcia represents Chicago district. He was telling me that he went up to ICE officials and they're masked and he is saying, identify yourself. And he's a congressman. He's saying, identify yourself. What's your ID? What's your badge number? They're hiding their ID and maintaining masks and they're refusing to identify who they are as law enforcement officials, ostensibly refusing to identify who they are to an American congressman. And if they're willing to refuse to identify themselves in that manner to a congressman. I can only imagine what is happening to people who don't have that kind of authority and standing in American life. And that's the context that I see this in now. I would have probably still been troubled to a degree with open data sharing and laxer standards on the human rights side, but all the more troubling, you talk about less democratic jurisdictions and authoritarian regimes. Well, isn't the U.S. itself a challenge today more than ever has been? And then shouldn't we maybe slam the pause button on negotiations like this? Well, you raise a number of really important points. And I think thatKate Robertson07:47-09:54there have been warning signs and worse that have long preceded the current administration and the backsliding that you're commenting upon since the beginning of 2025. Certainly, I spoke about the increasing trend of the exploitation of borders. I mean, I think we're seeing signs that really borders are actually, in essence, being used as a form of punishment, even in some respects, which I would say it is when you say to someone who would potentially exercise due process rights against deportation and say if you exercise those rights, you'll be deported to a different continent from your home country where your rights are perhaps less. And that's something that UN human rights authorities have been raising alarm bells about around the deportation of persons to third countries, potentially where they'll face risks of torture even. But these patterns are all too reminiscent of what we saw in the wake of 9-11 and the creation of black sites where individuals, including Canadian persons, were detained or even tortured. And really, this stems from a number of issues. But what we have identified in analyzing potential cloud agreement is really just the momentous decision that the Canadian government would have to make to concede sovereignty to a country which is in many ways a pariah for refusing to acknowledge extraterritorial international human rights obligations to persons outside of its borders. And so to invite that type of direct surveillance and exercise of authority within Canada's borders was a country who has refused for a very long time, unlike Canada and many other countries around the world, has refused to recognize through its courts and through its government any obligation to protect the international human rights of people in Canada.Nate Erskine-Smith09:56-10:21And yet, you wrote, some of the data and surveillance powers in Bill C-2 read like they could have been drafted by U.S. officials. So you take the frame that you're just articulating around with what the U.S. worldview is on this and has been and exacerbated by obviously the current administration. But I don't love the sound of it reading like it was drafted by AmericanKate Robertson10:22-12:43officials. Well, you know, it's always struck me as a really remarkable story, to be frank. You know, to borrow Dickens' tale of two countries, which is that since the 1990s, Canada's Supreme Court has been charting a fundamentally different course from the constitutional approach that's taken the United States around privacy and surveillance. And it really started with persons looking at what's happening and the way that technology evolves and how much insecurity people feel when they believe that surveillance is happening without any judicial oversight. And looking ahead and saying, you know what, if we take this approach, it's not going to go anywhere good. And that's a really remarkable decision that was made and has continued to be made by the court time and time again, even as recently as last year, the court has said we take a distinct approach from the United States. And it had a lot of foresight given, you know, in the 1990s, technology is nowhere near what it is today. Of course. And yet in the text of C2, we see provisions that, you know, I struggle when I hear proponents of the legislation describe it as balanced and in keeping with the Charter, when actually they're proposing to essentially flip the table on principles that have been enshrined for decades to protect Canadians, including, for example, the notion that third parties like private companies have the authority to voluntarily share our own. information with the police without any warrant. And that's actually the crux of what has become a fundamentally different approach that I think has really led Canada to be a more resilient country when it comes to technological change. And I sometimes describe us as a country that is showing the world that, you know, it's possible to do both. You can judicially supervise investigations that are effective and protect the public. And the sky does not fall if you do so. And right now we're literally seeing and see to something that I think is really unique and important made in Canada approach being potentially put on the chopping block.Nate Erskine-Smith12:44-13:29And for those listening who might think, okay, well, at a high level, I don't love expansive data sharing and reduced human rights protections, but practically, are there examples? And you pointed to in your writing right from the hop, the Arar case, and you mentioned the Supreme Court, but they, you know, they noted that it's a chilling example of the dangers of unconditional information sharing. And the commission noted to the potentially risky exercise of open ended, unconditional data sharing as well. But that's a real life example, a real life Canadian example of what can go wrong in a really horrible, tragic way when you don't have guardrails that focus and protect human rights.Kate Robertson13:31-14:56You're right to raise that example. I raise it. It's a really important one. It's one that is, I think, part of, you know, Canada has many commendable and important features to its framework, but it's not a perfect country by any means. That was an example of just information sharing with the United States itself that led to a Canadian citizen being rendered and tortured in a foreign country. Even a more recent example, we are not the only country that's received requests for cooperation from a foreign state in circumstances where a person's life is quite literally in jeopardy. We have known from public reporting that in the case of Hardeep Najjar, before he was ultimately assassinated on Canadian soil, an Interpol Red Notice had been issued about him at the request of the government of India. And the government had also requested his extradition. And we know that there's a number of important circumstances that have been commented upon by the federal government in the wake of those revelations. And it's provoked a really important discussion around the risks of foreign interference. But it is certainly an example where we know that cooperation requests have been made in respect of someone who's quite literally and tragically at risk of loss of life.Nate Erskine-Smith14:57-16:07And when it comes to the, what we're really talking about is, you mentioned the Cloud Act. There's also, I got to go to the notes because it's so arcane, but the second additional protocol to the Budapest Convention. These are, in that case, it's a treaty that Canada would ratify. And then this piece of legislation would in some way create implementing authorities for. I didn't fully appreciate this until going through that. And I'd be interested in your thoughts just in terms of the details of these. And we can make it as wonky as you like in terms of the challenges that these treaties offer. I think you've already articulated the watering down of traditional human rights protections and privacy protections we would understand in Canadian law. But the transparency piece, I didn't fully appreciate either. And as a parliamentarian, I probably should have because there's... Until reading your paper, I didn't know that there was a policy on tabling of treaties That really directs a process for introducing treaty implementing legislation. And this process also gets that entirely backwards.Kate Robertson16:09-17:01That's right. And, you know, in researching and studying what to do with, you know, what I foresee is potentially quite a mess if we were to enter into a treaty that binds us to standards that are unconstitutional. You know, that is a diplomatic nightmare of sorts, but it's also one that would create, you know, a constitutional entanglement of that's really, I think, unprecedented in Canada. But nevertheless, that problem is foreseen if one or both of these were to go ahead. And I refer to that in the cloud agreement or the 2AP. But this policy, as I understand it, I believe it was tabled by then Foreign Affairs Minister Maxime Bernier, as he was at the time, by Prime Minister Harper's government.Nate Erskine-Smith17:02-17:04He's come a long way.Kate Robertson17:07-18:12I believe that the rationale for the policy was quite self-evident at the time. I mean, if you think about the discussions that are happening right now, for example, in Quebec around digital sovereignty and the types of entanglements that U.S. legal process might impact around Quebec privacy legislation. Other issues around the AI space in Ontario or our health sector in terms of technology companies in Ontario. These treaties really have profound implications at a much broader scale than the federal government and law enforcement. And that's not even getting to Indigenous sovereignty issues. And so the policy is really trying to give a greater voice to the range of perspectives that a federal government would consider before binding Canada internationally on behalf of all of these layers of decision making without perhaps even consulting with Parliament First.Nate Erskine-Smith18:12-19:15So this is, I guess, one struggle. There's the specific concerns around watering down protections, but just on process. This just bothered me in particular because we're going to undergo this process in the fall. And so I printed out the Strong Borders Act, Government of Canada Strengthens Border Security and the backgrounder to the law. And going through it, it's six pages when I print it out. And it doesn't make mention of the Budapest Convention. It doesn't make mention of the Cloud Act. It doesn't make mention of any number of rationales for this legislation. But it doesn't make mention that this is in part, at least, to help implement treaties that are under active negotiation. not only gets backwards the policy, but one would have thought, especially I took from your paper, that the Department has subsequently, the Justice Department has subsequently acknowledged that this would in fact help the government implement these treaties. So surely it shouldKate Robertson19:15-19:57be in the background. I would have thought so. As someone that has been studying these treaty frameworks very carefully, it was immediately apparent to me that they're at least relevant. It was put in the briefing as a question as to whether or not the actual intent of some of these new proposed powers is to put Canada in a position to ratify this treaty. And the answer at that time was yes, that that is the intent of them. And it was also stated that other cooperation frameworks were foreseeable.Nate Erskine-Smith19:59-20:57What next? So here I am, one member of parliament, and oftentimes through these processes, we're going to, there's the objective of the bill, and then there's the details of the bill, and we're going to get this bill to a committee process. I understand the intention is for it to be a pretty fulsome committee hearing, and it's an omnibus bill. So what should happen is the asylum components should get kicked to the immigration committee. The pieces around national security should obviously get kicked to public safety committee, and there should be different committees that deal with their different constituent elements that are relevant to those committees. I don't know if it will work that way, but that would be a more rational way of engaging with a really broad ranging bill. Is there a fix for this though? So are there amendments that could cure it or is it foundationally a problem that is incurable?Kate Robertson20:58-21:59Well, I mean, I think that for myself as someone studying this area, it's obvious to me that what agreements may be struck would profoundly alter the implications of pretty much every aspect of this legislation. And that stems in part from just how fundamental it would be if Canada were to cede its sovereignty to US law enforcement agencies and potentially even national security agencies as well. But obviously, the provisions themselves are quite relevant to these frameworks. And so it's clear that Parliament needs to have the opportunity to study how these provisions would actually be used. And I am still left on knowing how that would be possible without transparencyNate Erskine-Smith22:00-22:05about what is at stake in terms of potential agreements. Right. What have we agreed to? If thisKate Robertson22:05-24:57is implementing legislation what are we implementing certainly it's a significantly different proposition now even parking the international data sharing context the constitutional issues that are raised in the parts of the bill that i'm able to study within my realm of expertise which is in the context of omnibus legislation not the entire bill of course yeah um but it's hard to even know where to begin um the the the powers that are being put forward you know i kind of have to set the table a bit to understand to explain why the table is being flipped yeah yeah we're at a time where um you know a number of years ago i published about the growing use of algorithms and AI and surveillance systems in Canada and gaps in the law and the need to bring Canada's oversight into the 21st century. Those gaps now, even five years later, are growing into chasms. And we've also had multiple investigative reports by the Privacy Commissioner of Canada being sent to Parliament about difficulties it's had reviewing the activities of law enforcement agencies, difficulties it's had with private sector companies who've been non-compliant with privacy legislation, and cooperating at all with the regulator. And we now have powers being put forward that would essentially say, for greater certainty, it's finders keepers rules. Anything in the public domain can be obtained and used by police without warrant. And while this has been put forward as a balancing of constitutional norms, the Supreme Court has said the opposite. It's not an all or nothing field. And in the context of commercial data brokers that are harvesting and selling our data, including mental health care that we might seek online, AI-fueled surveillance tools that are otherwise unchecked in the Canadian domain. I think this is a frankly stunning response to the context of the threats that we face. And I really think it sends and creates really problematic questions around what law enforcement and other government agencies are expected to do in the context of future privacy reviews when essentially everything that's been happening is supposedly being green lit with this new completely un-nuanced power. I should note you are certainly not alone in theseNate Erskine-Smith24:57-27:07concerns. I mean, in addition to the paper that I was talking about at the outset that you've written as an analyst that alongside Ron Deaver in the Citizen Lab. But there's another open letter you've signed that's called for the withdrawal of C2, but it's led by open media. I mean, BCCLA, British Columbia Civil Liberties Association, the Canadian Civil Liberties Association, the Canadian Council for Refugees, QP, International Civil Liberties Monitoring Group, Penn Canada, the Center for Free Expression, privacy experts like Colin Bennett, who I used be on the Privacy Committee and that were pretty regular witnesses. You mentioned the Privacy Commissioner has not signed the open letter, but the Privacy Commissioner of both Canada and the Information Commissioner of Ontario, who's also responsible for privacy. In the context of the treaties that you were mentioning, the Budapest Convention in particular, they had highlighted concerns absent updated, modernized legislation. And at the federal level, we have had in fits and starts attempts to modernize our private sector privacy legislation. But apart from a consultation paper at one point around the Privacy Act, which would apply to public sector organizations, there's really been no serious effort to table legislation or otherwise modernize that. So am I right to say, you know, we are creating a myriad number of problems with respect to watering down privacy and human rights protections domestically and especially in relation to foreign governments with relation to data of our citizens here. And we could potentially cure those problems, at least in part, if we modernize our privacy legislation and our privacy protections and human rights protections here at home. But we are, as you say, a gap to chasm. We are so woefully behind in that conversation. It's a bit of an odd thing to pass the open-ended data sharing and surveillance piece before you even have a conversation around updating your privacy protections.Kate Robertson27:07-28:13Yeah, I mean, frankly, odd, I would use the word irresponsible. We know that these tools, it's becoming increasingly well documented how impactful they are for communities and individuals, whether it's wrongful arrests, whether it's discriminatory algorithms. really fraught tools to say the least. And it's not as if Parliament does not have a critical role here. You know, in decades past, to use the example of surveillance within Quebec, which was ultimately found to have involved, you know, years of illegal activity and surveillance activities focused on political organizing in Quebec. And that led to Parliament striking an inquiry and ultimately overhauling the mandate of the RCMP. There were recommendations made that the RCMP needs to follow the law. That was an actual recommendation.Nate Erskine-Smith28:14-28:16I'm sorry that it needs to be said, but yeah.Kate Robertson28:16-29:05The safeguards around surveillance are about ensuring that when we use these powers, they're being used appropriately. And, you know, there isn't even, frankly, a guarantee that judicial oversight will enable this to happen. And it certainly provides comfort to many Canadians. But we know, for example, that there were phones being watched of journalists in Montreal with, unfortunately, judicial oversight not even that many years ago. So this is something that certainly is capable of leading to more abuses in Canada around political speech and online activity. And it's something that we need to be protective against and forward thinking about.Nate Erskine-Smith29:05-29:58Yeah, and the conversation has to hold at the same time considerations of public safety, of course, but also considerations for due process and privacy and human rights protections. These things, we have to do both. If we don't do both, then we're not the democratic society we hold ourselves out as. I said odd, you said irresponsible. You were forceful in your commentary, but the open letter that had a number of civil society organizations, I mentioned a few, was pretty clear to say the proposed legislation reflects little more than shameful appeasement of the dangerous rhetoric and false claims about our country emanating from the United States. It's a multi-pronged assault on the basic human rights and freedoms Canada holds dear. Got anything else to add?Kate Robertson30:00-30:56I mean, the elephant in the room is the context in which the legislation has been tabled within. And I do think that we're at a time where we are seeing democratic backsliding around the world, of course, and rising digital authoritarianism. And these standards really don't come out of the air. They're ones that need to be protected. And I do find myself, when I look at some of the really un-nuanced powers that are being put forward, I do find myself asking whether or not those risks are really front and center when we're proposing to move forward in this way. And I can only defer to experts from, as you said, hundreds of organizations that have called attention towards pretty much every aspect of this legislation.Nate Erskine-Smith30:57-31:44And I will have the benefit of engaging folks on the privacy side around lawful access and around concerns around changes to the asylum claim and due process from the Canadian Association of Refugee Lawyers. But as we do see this move its way through Parliament, if we see it move its way through Parliament in the fall, if they're recognizing that the call was for withdrawal, but also recognizing a political reality where if it is to pass, we want to make sure we are improving it as much as possible. If there are amendments along the way, if there are other people you think that I should engage with, please do let me know because this is before us. It's an important piece of legislation. And if it's not to be withdrawn, we better improve it as much as possible.Kate Robertson31:46-32:02I appreciate that offer and really commend you for covering the issue carefully. And I really look forward to more engagement from yourself and other colleagues in parliament as legislation is considered further. I expect you will be a witness at committee,Nate Erskine-Smith32:02-32:06but thanks very much for the time. I really appreciate it. Thanks for having me.Part 2: Adam SadinskyChapters:33:33 Concerns Over Asylum Eligibility in Canada36:30 Government Goals and Fairness for Refugee Claimants39:00 Changing Country Conditions and New Risks41:30 The Niagara Falls Example & Other Unfair Exclusions44:00 Frivolous vs. Legitimate Claims in the Refugee System47:00 Clearing the Backlog with Fair Pathways50:00 Broad Powers Granted to the Government52:00 Privacy Concerns and Closing ReflectionsNate Erskine-Smith33:33-33:35Adam, thanks for joining me.Adam Sadinsky33:35-33:36Thanks for having me, Nate.Nate Erskine-Smith33:36-33:57We've had a brief discussion about this, by way of my role as an MP, but, for those who are listening in, they'll have just heard a rundown of all the concerns that the Citizen Lab has with data surveillance and data sharing with law enforcement around the world. You've got different concerns about C2 and you represent the Canadian Association of Refugee Lawyers. What are your concerns here?Adam Sadinsky33:57-35:31I mean, our biggest concern with this bill is new provisions that create additional categories of folks ineligible to claim asylum in Canada. And specifically to have their hearings heard at the Immigration and Refugee Board. The biggest one of those categories is definitely, a bar on individuals making refugee claims in Canada one year after they have arrived in Canada, and that's one year, whether they have been in Canada for that whole year or they left at some point and came back. Those folks who have been here, who came more than a year ago, if they now fear persecution and want to make a claim for refugee protection, this bill would shunt them into an inferior system where rather than having a full hearing in their day in court.Their application will be decided by an officer of immigration, alone, sitting in the cubicle, probably, with some papers in front of them. That person is going to make an enormous decision about whether to send that person back home where they feared persecution, torture, death. Our position is that this new form of ineligibility. Is unfair. it doesn't meet the government's goals, as we understand them, and we share, we share the views of organizations like, Citizen Lab, that the bill should be withdrawn. There are other ways to do this, but this bill is fundamentally flawed.Nate Erskine-Smith35:31-35:57Let's talk about government goals. Those looking at the influx of temporary residents in Canada specifically, and I don't, and I don't wanna pick on international students, but we've seen a huge influx of international students just as one category example. And they've said, well, if someone's been here for a year and they didn't claim right away, they didn't come here to claim asylum. Because they would've claimed within that first year, presumably, you know, what's the problem with, uh, with a rule that is really trying to tackle this problem.Adam Sadinsky35:57-38:33The issue is, I mean, Nate, you had mentioned, you know, people who had come to Canada, they didn't initially claim and it didn't initially claim asylum, temporary residents. What do we do about it? I wanna give a couple of examples of people who would be caught by this provision, who fall into that category. But there's legitimate reasons why they might claim more than a year after arriving in Canada. The first is someone who came to Canada, student worker, whatever. At the time they came to Canada, they would've been safe going back home they didn't have a fear of returning back home. But country conditions change and they can change quickly. The Taliban takeover of Afghanistan in 2021, was a stark example there may have been people who came to Canada as students planning to go back to Afghanistan and rebuild their country. As the bill is currently written. If there were to be a situation like that, and there will be some other Afghanistan, there will be some other situation down the line. Those people who weren't afraid when they originally came to Canada and now have a legitimate claim, will have an inferior, process that they go through, one that is riddled with issues, examples of unfairness compared to the refugee, the regular refugee system, and a lack of protection from deportation, pending any appeal.So that's one category. A second category is people who were afraid of going back home when they came to Canada but didn't need to claim asylum because they had another avenue to remain in Canada. So the government advertised, Minister Frazier was saying this often come to Canada, come as a student and there's a well-established pathway. You'll have a study permit, you'll get a post-graduation work permit. This is what the government wanted. The rug has been pulled out from under many of those people. Towards the end of last year when Canada said, okay, it's enough, too many temporary residents. But what about the temporary residents who had a fear of returning home when they came? They went through the system the “right way,” quote unquote. They didn't go to the asylum system. they went through another path. And now they're looking at it. They say, well, you know, I came to Canada to study, but also I'm gay and I'm from a country where, if people know about that, you know, I'll be tortured. Maybe since they've been in Canada, that person in that example, they've been in a relationship, they've been posting on social media with their partner. It is very dangerous so why, why shouldn't that person claim refugee protection through regular means?Nate Erskine-Smith38:33-39:06Is this right on your read of the law as it is written right now, if someone were to come with their family when they're a kid and they were to be in Canada for over a year and then their family were to move back to either the home country or to a different country, and, they wake up as a teenager many years later, they wake up as an adult many years later and their country's falling apart, and they were to flee and come to Canada. By virtue of the fact they've been here for a year as a kid, would that preclude them from making a claim?Adam Sadinsky39:06-39:10It's even worse than that, Nate.Nate Erskine-Smith39:09-39:10Oh, great.Adam Sadinsky39:10-39:47In your example, the family stayed in Canada for more than a year. Yes, absolutely. That person is caught by this provision. But here's who else would be someone comes when they're five years old with their family, on a trip to the United States. during that trip, they decide we want to see the Canadian side of Niagara Falls. They either have a visa or get whatever visa they need, or don't need one. They visit the falls, and at that point that they enter Canada, a clock starts ticking. That never stops ticking. So maybe they came to Canada for two hours.Nate Erskine-Smith39:44-39:45Two hours and you're outta luck.Adam Sadinsky39:45-39:47They go back to the USNate Erskine-Smith39:47-39:47Oh man.Adam Sadinsky39:47-40:09They never come back to Canada again. The way that the bill is written, that clock never stops ticking, right? Their country falls apart. They come back 15 years later. That person is going to have a very different kind of process that they go through, to get protection in Canada, than someone who wouldn't be caught by this bill.Nate Erskine-Smith40:09-40:34Say those are the facts as they are, that's one category. There's another category where I've come as a student, I thought there would be a pathway. I don't really fear persecution in my home country, but I want to stay in Canada we see in this constituency office, as other constituency offices do people come with immigration help or they've got legitimate claims. We see some people come with help with illegitimate claimsAdam Sadinsky40:34-42:46We have to be very careful when we talk about categorizing claims as frivolous. There is no question people make refugee claims in Canada that have no merit. You'll not hear from me, you'll not hear from our organization saying that every 100% of refugee claims made in Canada, are with merit. The issue is how we determine. At that initial stage that you're saying, oh, let's, let's deal quickly with frivolous claims. How do you determine if a claim is frivolous? What if someone, you know, I do a lot of appeal work, we get appeals of claims prepared by immigration consultants, or not even immigration consultants. And, you know, there's a core of a very strong refugee claim there that wasn't prepared properly.Nate Erskine-Smith42:46-42:46Yeah, we see it too. That's a good point.Adam Sadinsky42:46-42:46How that claim was prepared has nothing to do with what the person actually faces back home. We have to be very careful in terms of, quick negative claims, and clearing the decks of what some might think are frivolous claims. But there may be some legitimate and very strong core there. What could be done, and you alluded to this, is there are significant claims in the refugee board's backlog that are very, very strong just based on the countries they come from or the profiles of the individuals who have made those claims, where there are countries that have 99% success rate. And that's not because the board is super generous. It's because the conditions in those countries are very, very bad. And so the government could implement policies and this would be done without legislation to grant pathways for folks from, for example, Eritrea 99ish percent success rate. However, the government wants to deal with that in terms of numbers, but there's no need for the board to spend time determining whether this claim is in the 1%, that doesn't deserve to be accepted. Our view is that 1% being accepted is, a trade off for, a more efficient system.Nate Erskine-Smith42:46-43:30Similarly though, individuals who come into my office and they've been here for more than five years. They have been strong contributors to the community. They have jobs. They're oftentimes connected to a faith organization. They're certainly connected to a community based organization that is going to bat for them. There's, you know, obviously no criminal record in many cases they have other family here. And they've gone through so many appeals at different times. I look at that and I go, throughout Canadian history, there have been different regularization programs. Couldn't you kick a ton of people not a country specific basis, but a category specific basis of over five years, economic contributions, community contributions, no criminal record, you're approved.Adam Sadinsky43:30-44:20Yeah, I'd add to your list of categories, folks who are working in, professions, that Canada needs workers in. give the example of construction. We are facing a housing crisis. So many construction workers are not Canadian. Many of my clients who are refugee claimants waiting for their hearings are working in the construction industry. And the government did that, back in the COVID pandemic, creating what was, what became known as the Guardian Angels Program, where folks who were working in the healthcare sector, on the front lines, combating the pandemic, supporting, folks who needed it, that they were allowed to be taken again out of the refugee queue with a designated, pathway to permanent residents on the basis of the work and the contribution they were doing. All of these could be done.Adam Sadinsky44:20-45:05The refugee system is built on Canada's international obligations under the refugee convention, to claim refugee protection, to claim asylum is a human right. Every person in the world has the right to claim asylum. Individuals who are claiming asylum in Canada are exercising that right. Each individual has their own claim, and that's the real value that the refugee board brings to bear and why Canada has had a gold standard. The refugee system, replicated, around the world, every individual has their day in court, to explain to an expert tribunal why they face persecution. This bill would take that away.Nate Erskine-Smith45:05-46:18Yeah, I can't put my finger on what the other rationale would be though, because why the, why this change now? Well, we have right now, a huge number over a million people who are going to eventually be without status because they're not gonna have a pathway that was originally, that they originally thought would be there. The one frustration I have sometimes in the system is there are people who have come into my office with, the original claim, being unfounded. But then I look at it, and they've been here partly because the process took so long, they've been here for over five years. If you've been here for over five years and you're contributing and you're a member of the community, and now we're gonna kick you out. Like your original claim might have been unfounded, but this is insane. Now you're contributing to this country, and what a broken system. So I guess I'm sympathetic to the need for speed at the front end to ensure that unfounded claims are deemed unfounded and people are deported and legitimate claims are deemed founded, and they can be welcomed. So cases don't continue to come into my office that are over five or over six years long where I go, I don't even care if it was originally unfounded or not. Welcome to Canada. You've been contributing here for six years anyway.Adam Sadinsky46:18-46:33But if I can interject? Even if the bill passes as written, each of these individuals is still going to have what's called a pre-removal risk assessment.Nate Erskine-Smith46:31-46:33They're still gonna have a process. Yeah, exactly.Adam Sadinsky46:33-46:55They're still gonna have a process, and they're still going to wait time. All these people are still in the system. The bill is a bit of a shell game where folks are being just transferred from one process to another and say, oh, wow. Great. Look, we've reduced the backlog at the IRB by however many thousand claims,Nate Erskine-Smith46:53-46:55And we've increased the backlog in the process.Adam Sadinsky46:55-48:25Oh, look at the wait time at IRCC, and I'm sure you have constituents who come into your office and say, I filed a spousal sponsorship application two and a half years ago. I'm waiting for my spouse to come and it's taking so long. IRCC is not immune from processing delays. There doesn't seem to be, along with this bill, a corresponding hiring of hundreds and hundreds more pro officers. So, this backlog and this number of claims is shifting from one place to another. And another point I mentioned earlier within the refugee system within the board, when a person appeals a negative decision, right? Because, humans make decisions and humans make mistakes. And that's why we have legislative appeal processes in the system to allow for mistakes to be corrected. That appeal process happens within the board, and a person is protected from deportation while they're appealing with a pro. With this other system, it's different. The moment that an officer makes a negative decision on a pro that person is now eligible to be deported. CBSA can ask them to show up the next day and get on a plane and go home. Yes, a person can apply for judicial review in the federal court that does not stop their deportation. If they can bring a motion to the court for a stay of removal.Nate Erskine-Smith48:19-48:25You're gonna see a ton of new work for the federal court. You are gonna see double the work for the federal courtAdam Sadinsky48:25-48:39Which is already overburdened. So unless the government is also appointing many, many new judges, and probably hiring more Council Department of Justice, this backlog is going to move from one place to another.Nate Erskine-Smith48:39-48:41It's just gonna be industry whack-a-mole with the backlog.Adam Sadinsky48:41-48:52The only way to clear the backlog is to clear people out of it. There's no fair way to clear folks out of it in a negative way. So the only way to do that is positively.Nate Erskine-Smith48:52-49:37In the limited time we got left, the bill also empowers the governor and council of the cabinet to cancel documents, to suspend documents. And just so I've got this clearer in my mind, so if, for example: say one is a say, one is a student on campus, or say one is on a, on a work permit and one is involved in a protest, and that protest the government deems to be something they don't like. The government could cancel the student's permit on the basis that they were involved in the protest. Is that right? The law? Not to say that this government would do that. But this would allow the government to legally do just that. Am I reading it wrong?Adam Sadinsky49:37-50:46The bill gives broad powers to the government to cancel documents. I think you're reading it correctly. To me, when I read the bill, I don't particularly understand exactly what is envisioned. Where it would, where the government would do this, why a government would want to put this in. But you are right. I would hope this government would not do that, but this government is not going to be in power forever. When you put laws on the books, they can be used by whomever for whatever reason they can they want, that's within how that law is drafted. You know, we saw down south, you know, the secretary of State a few months ago said, okay, we're gonna cancel the permits of everyone from South Sudan, in the US because they're not taking back people being deported. It's hugely problematic. It's a complete overreach. It seems like there could be regulations that are brought in. But the power is so broad as written in this law, that it could definitely be used, for purposes most Canadians would not support.Nate Erskine-Smith50:46-51:07And, obviously that's a worst case scenario when we think about the United States in today's political climate. But, it's not clear to your point what the powers are necessary for. If we are to provide additional powers, we should only provide power as much as necessary and proportionate to the goal we want to achieve. Is there anything else you want to add?Adam Sadinsky51:07-51:43I just wanna touch, and I'm sure you got into a lot of these issues, on the privacy side but. The privacy issues in this bill bleed over into the refugee system with broad search powers, um, particularly requiring service providers to provide information, we are concerned these powers could be used by CBSA, for example, to ask a women's shelter, to hand over information about a woman claiming refugee protection or who's undocumented, living in a shelter, we have huge concerns that, you know, these powers will not just be used by police, but also by Canada Border Services and immigration enforcement. I'm not the expert on privacy issues, but we see it we see the specter of those issues as well.Nate Erskine-Smith51:43-52:22That's all the time we got, but in terms of what would help me to inform my own advocacy going forward is, this bill is gonna get to committee. I'm gonna support the bill in committee and see if we can amend it. I know, the position of CARL is withdraw. The position of a number of civil society organizations is to withdraw it. I think it's constructive to have your voice and others at committee, and to make the same arguments you made today with me. Where you have. I know your argument's gonna be withdrawn, you'll say then in the alternative, here are changes that should be made. When you've got a list of those changes in detailed, legislative amendment form, flip them to me and I'll share the ideas around the ministry and around with colleagues, and I appreciate the time. Appreciate the advocacy.Adam Sadinsky52:22-52:24Absolutely. Thank you. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.uncommons.ca

Episode #401: “Look at my eye. Trust me! You can do this!” With steady assurance, Nay Chi Linn describes her work at the Sunshine Care Center (SCC), a border-based facility she founded to care for Myanmar's war-injured. Located on the Thai side of the border, the SCC provides daily care, physiotherapy, rehabilitation, and emotional support.Nay Chi Linn was raised in Yangon and studied law before moving to Chiang Mai for further study. There, she met an ethnic Karen man and got married; the couple lived in a refugee camp with his family for two years before moving out, but staying nearby on the Thai side of the border. After the 2021 coup, she started financially supporting civil servants and protesters, but Myanmar authorities began investigating her, and were able to trace a bank transfer. Warned of the imminent danger of being detained, she fled to her in-laws' house in the Karen-controlled town of Lay Kaw Kaw. There, in the chaos of displacement after the coup, she began helping people fleeing the regime or displaced by fighting with food, shelter, supplies and health needs; over time, the needs grew and her improvisations became more systematized, laying the foundations for what would become the SCC, which she opened after moving back into Thailand.Nay Chi Linn works with patients with a blend of firmness and empathy— what she calls the “energy of mom.” She allows the initial anger, fear and frustration of patients facing their challenging situations to wash over her, and then urges them to focus on what they have left and take responsibility for their recovery, for their families' and even their country's sake.The SCC is a demanding ecosystem of care that rests on routine, discipline, and morale. The busy, involved day starts early and ends late: medical teams check lists and send those with appointments to hospitals; logistics drives runs back and forth all day; evenings bring pickups and resets for the next day. Within those routines, the work itself is often improvisational and pressured. Amid this challenging, sometimes chaotic environment, Nay Chi Linn is always there for the people in her care. “I have no time to cry!” she exclaims about her workday. Still, she admits that she sometimes breaks down in private afterwards, yet still finds a way to keep going.

During our second breakfast service, SCC's writers circle shared pieces of poetry and prose spanning a spectrum of styles, topics, and emotions. It was a rich and tender morning full of vulnerability and love. Then Jacob Rose closed the morning with his song, Hold Your Head Up High. SCC's writers circle is open to anyone -- we meet on the 2nd Tuesday of each month at 7pm. The post Writers Circle & 2nd Breakfast appeared first on St. Croix Church.

Sponsored by EasyDNS https://easydns.com/NotOnRecord

 In this podcast episode, Pastor Gale & Stephanie Butler discusses the spiritual roots of nightmares and provides faith-based strategies using prayer and Scripture to overcome fear and experience lasting peace. Program - Healing Begins Radio https://www.HealingBeginsRadio.comTo donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

Sean Hammond is joined by Regena Haugen from Somerset Community College. Regena, the Administrator of the Russell Center and Casey Center, shares the latest happenings at SCC, including the start of the fall semester and opportunities for enrollment.

Sponsored by EasyDNS https://easydns.com/NotOnRecord In Episode 179 of Not On Record, Joseph Neuberger, Michael Bury, and Diana Davison examine a recent Ontario Court of Appeal case that highlights how dates and times are treated in sexual assault trials. They explain the “golden rule” — that the accused must know the case to meet — and why courts allow flexibility on timing, especially in sexual offence cases. The conversation unpacks the limits and risks of alibi defences, the myth of “getting off on a technicality,” and how credibility, reliability, and fairness are balanced in Canadian courts. Website: http://www.NotOnRecordpodcast.com Sign up to our email list - http://eepurl.com/hw3g99 Social Media Links Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/NotonRecord Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/notonrecordpodcast/ TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@notonrecordpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/notonrecord Telegram: https://t.me/NotOnRecord Minds: http://www.minds.com/notonrecord Audio Platforms Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4F2ssnX7ktfGH8OzH4QsuX Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/not-on-record-podcast/id1565405753 SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/notonrecord Rumble: https://rumble.com/c/c-842207 For more information on criminal law issues go to Neuberger & Partners LLP http://www.nrlawyers.com. Produced by Possibly Correct Media www.PossiblyCorrect.com The Queen v. Côté, 1977 CanLII 1 (SCC), [1978] 1 SCR 8 - https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/scc/doc/1977/1977canlii1/1977canlii1.html?resultId=1b21ef34bb73458fb23415832c0eeaef&searchId=2025-08-20T20:26:40:242/a4197a1fffd24722a6cca4d60486dbb9 R. v. G.G., 2025 ONCA 574 - https://www.canlii.org/en/on/onca/doc/2025/2025onca574/2025onca574.html?resultId=a70e818ebbf54388866bd00624ff9bad&searchId=2025-08-20T20:28:52:797/6bea406567054c48b5b9ec262f8741d7 R. v. Hill, 1995 CanLII 271 (ON CA) - https://www.canlii.org/en/on/onca/doc/1995/1995canlii271/1995canlii271.html?resultId=94b44955502e429d9940e3047f99335d&searchId=2025-08-20T20:30:23:866/a0b997e5fed84ec1b024dae3ce9c65bb R. v. P. (M.B.), 1994 CanLII 125 (SCC), [1994] 1 SCR 555 - https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/scc/doc/1994/1994canlii125/1994canlii125.html?resultId=c3ede941bd8b4047a29289d122da4fe8&searchId=2025-08-20T20:32:03:661/89ca3c5b3b6548b9a7ae2efa277b1413 R. v. Tarnovsky, 1995 CanLII 381 (ON CA) - https://www.canlii.org/en/on/onca/doc/1995/1995canlii381/1995canlii381.html?resultId=80d3a23558a242c0b7889d2486a08552&searchId=2025-08-20T20:34:09:122/eb1a8d3416a344abbf0c5edc0035fc59

This week on Hull on Estates, Nick Esterbauer and Margarita Grup explore the nuanced world of mental capacity, discussing key legal principles and a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision. They break down the nature of mental capacity, examine capacity standards in several different contexts, and highlight the importance of understanding an individual's ability to make reality-based decisions. R. v. Bharwani, 2025 SCC 26: 

I denne episoden av Scoochpodden er vi direkte tilbake fra årets Scoochferie. Vi har vært i vår lille hjemby SCC på Gardermoen. Det blir betraktninger om tingenes tilstand, hvordan man arrangerer, pizza resturanter, folket og ettervekst! Vi snakker om Cashdays og nerven i en jevn konkurranse. Deretter blir det litt om tydelighet og om 50 år med cal-look! Vi snakker om å ta bilder på streken og litt om prisutviklingen i toppsjiktet av bil-hobbyen. I tillegg blir det selvfølgelig felgsnakk og forelskelse!Bli patreon av Scoochpodden å få episodene reklamefrie: https://www.patreon.com/scoochpodFølg oss på facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100051375947801Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/scoochpod/ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Criminal Defence Lawyer Joseph Neuberger, and YouTube personality, legal researcher and host of the UnTrue Crime podcast Diana Davison, sit down and discuss the aftermath of their trials and the emerging and alarming changes to our legal system. A behind the scenes inside look into real courtroom drama. R. v. J.J., 2022 SCC 28 - https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/scc/doc/2022/2022scc28/2022scc28.html?resultId=abab1b5f46514f5d9f2774573977f296&searchId=2025-08-10T07:43:21:387/bee4367ca21e40fbac78ed0609b59878 Website: http://www.NotOnRecordpodcast.com Sign up to our email list - http://eepurl.com/hw3g99 Social Media Links Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/NotonRecord Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/notonrecordpodcast/ TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@notonrecordpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/notonrecord Telegram: https://t.me/NotOnRecord Minds: http://www.minds.com/notonrecord Audio Platforms Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4F2ssnX7ktfGH8OzH4QsuX Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/not-on-record-podcast/id1565405753 SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/notonrecord Rumble: https://rumble.com/c/c-842207 For more information on criminal law issues go to Neuberger & Partners LLP http://www.nrlawyers.com. Produced by Possibly Correct Media www.PossiblyCorrect.com

“Shadow Magic” The Shadow command center ( SCC ) delves into an intriguing investigation into thoughts, ideas, and affirmations that empower you to confront and overcome your inner Shadow demons!

“Shadow Magic” The Shadow command center ( SCC ) delves into an intriguing investigation into thoughts, ideas, and affirmations that empower you to confront and overcome your inner Shadow demons!

Check out this week's QuadCast as we highlight de-escalated therapy for cutaneous SCC based on pembro response, a comparison of fluciclovine vs. PSMA PET scan in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer, an important change to HPV+ oropharyngeal staging, and more. Check out the website and subscribe to the newsletter! www.quadshotnews.com Founders & Lead Authors: Laura Dover & Caleb Dulaney Podcast Host: Sam Marcrom

Ivan Ron, A recent Harvard graduate who studied government and psychology, Ivana Ron, has given a lot of thought to family values from both an academic and personal point of view. She is big sister to four little sisters in a close family that includes her mother and grandmother and enjoys the richness of a Mexican heritage. Ivan has also been the gifted Instagram creator for SCC!  

Preachers and Preaching in the Pikes Peak Region invites back Pastor Eric Carpenter of Springs Community Church. You have driven past the “church on the hill” at Woodmen and Lexington thousands of times – hear what God is doing at Springs Community Church! Jeff Anderson and Pastor Eric talk about the history of SCC including outreaches to children, spiritual formation, and outreach that flows out of spiritual depth. www.springsco.churchSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In our final ASCO 2025 episode, Michael is joined by Prof Jeanne Tie, colorecal cancer lead at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre to discuss some of the many highlights in colorectal and anal cancer. Starting with the practice changing BREAKWATER study, combining chemotherapy with encorafenib and cetuximab, they also discuss the plenary study ATOMIC III, the CHALLENGE study examining structured exercise programs for patients with resected cancer, as well as the emerging role of ctDNA in colon and anal SCC. Studies discussed in this episodeBREAKWATERCHALLENGEATOMIC IIIINTERAACT 2DYNAMIC IIIFor more episodes, resources and blog posts, visit www.inquisitiveonc.comPlease find us on Twitter @InquisitiveOnc!If you want us to look at a specific trial or subject, email us at inquisitiveonc@gmail.comArt courtesy of Taryn SilverMusic courtesy of AlisiaBeats: https://pixabay.com/users/alisiabeats-39461785/Disclaimer: This podcast is for educational purposes only. If you are unwell, seek medical advice.Oncology for the Inquisitive Mind is recorded with the support of education grants from our foundation partners Pfizer, Gilead Pharmaceuticals and Merck Pharmaceuticals. Our partners have access to the episode at the same time you do and have no editorial control over the content. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Preachers and Preaching in the Pikes Peak Region introduces Pastor Eric Carpenter of Springs Community Church. You have driven past the “church on the hill” at Woodmen and Lexington thousands of times – hear what God is doing at Springs Community Church! Jeff Anderson and Pastor Eric talk about the history of SCC including outreaches to children, spiritual formation, and outreach that flows out of spiritual depth. www.springsco.churchSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this episode, Pastor Gale and Stephanie share how to recognize anxiety triggers and use practical techniques, mindfulness, and prayer to manage stress and find peace through faith. To donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

CCFR Radio – Ep 190: King Said We Have Firearm Rights? CCFR Applying to SCC, Teri Bryant Interview The CCFR is applying for leave to the Supreme Court of Canada. The King says gun owners have rights, what?? Interview with Alberta CFO Teri Bryant sneak peek. Canada disarms IPSC athletes. Conservative Party names shadow cabinet. […]

On Episode 85, we tell about the outrageous decision by Kingston Police to use drones to spy on drivers in their cars, we explain why Canada's privacy laws are overdue for an update, and we walk through the dubious claim that First Nation treaties could block Alberta separation. Stories and cases discussed in this week's episode: Kingston Police Traffic Safety Unit incorporates drone technology to address distracted driving Drone Surveillance of Drivers “Clearly Unconstitutional" (CCF)R. v. Jarvis, 2019 SCC 10 (CanLii)Jamie Sarkonak: Treaties can't be relied upon to stop Alberta from leaving (National Post)Says Privacy Is Now Pivotal (Blacklock's)New Brunswick's ban on swearing while drinking beer outside of your house (Lyle Skinner's Legislative Council)Popular Tofino beach closed to public as First Nations hold ceremony honouring dead whaleNot Reserving Judgment is a podcast about Canadian constitutional law hosted by Josh Dehaas, Joanna Baron, and Christine Van Geyn. The show is brought to you by the Canadian Constitution Foundation, a non-partisan legal charity dedicated to defending rights and freedoms. To support our work, visit theccf.ca/donate.

To donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

In this podcast, The Power of the Resurrection highlights the significance of Jesus' resurrection, how it impacts the believer's daily life, and how embracing resurrection power brings hope, transformation, and victory.To donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

In this episode titled "In the Garden," Pastor Gale explores Jesus' experience in the Garden of Gethsemane, focusing on Matthew 26:36-46. He draws parallels with Isaiah 53, emphasizing Jesus' suffering and submission to God's will. Pastor Gale also reflects on the hymn "In the Garden," discussing the intimate moments with God in our own lives. The episode invites listeners to find solace in God's presence during times of trial. To donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

Do you worry a lot?  Do you struggle with fear?  Does fear stop you in your tracks and stop you from moving forward? If so, this part 3 of 3 podcast "Breaking the Spirit of Fear", will share with you steps to break the fear that you have in your life.  We hope you are challenged and encouraged by this podcast, understanding that you do not have to live with fear.  To donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

This is a special episode of FreepCast. In light of the ICE crackdown international students — including students at MSU and SCC — we brought in Will Coghill Behrends, MSU's dean of global education, who shed much-needed light on what's going with students here and across the country.

Do you worry a lot?  Do you struggle with fear?  Does fear stop you in your tracks and stop you from moving forward? If so, this part 2 of 3 podcast "Breaking the Spirit of Fear", will share with you steps to break the fear that you have in your life.  We hope you are challenged and encouraged by this podcast, understanding that you do not have to live with fear. To donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

Host: Carol MacAllister, Clinical Social Worker, retired Guest: Erika Snitzer, Licensed Associate Professional Counselor Description: Erika is a Licensed Associate Professional Counselor at the Samaritan Counseling Center in Lancaster. Willow Valley is contracted with her through Samaritan, to provide counseling services to WV residents in need of professional support as they navigate the many transitions that are the reality of aging including changing residences, losing a spouse, a child, friends, one's health and/or mobility, independence, and facing death. Erika uses a holistic, collaborative approach, fostering self-awareness, personal growth, and resiliency. Her WV campus office is in the Manor building, behind the Concierge desk, but she can also see clients in her office at the Samaritan Counseling Center, 1803 Oregon Pike. There is a reasonable hourly change. Appointments must be made by calling the main number at SCC, 717-560-9969. No drop-ins, please.

Do you worry a lot?  Do you struggle with fear?  Does fear stop you in your tracks and stop you from moving forward? If so, this 3 part podcast, will share with you steps to break the fear that you have in your life.  We hope you are challenged and encouraged by this podcast, understanding that you do not have to live with fear.  Featuring Pastor Gale Kragt and Stephanie Butler.To donate to the ministry of Spiritual Care Consultants, please visit: www.DonateToSCC.com or visit: www.SpiritualCareConsultants.com

Earl Rivera-Dolera is an accomplished arbitrator with extensive experience in Singapore, Vietnam and Japan. Earl shares her transition from a tribunal law clerk to becoming a prominent figure in international arbitration, the valuable lessons from her mentors, and her advice for those aspiring to enter the field. Arbitration is gathering steam in Japan so this episode is a wonderful fountain of knowledge of what it's like to work in this area of law. If you enjoyed this episode and it inspired you in some way, we'd love to hear about it and know your biggest takeaway. Head over to Apple Podcasts to leave a review and we'd love it if you would leave us a message here!In this episode you'll hear:How Earl's initial interest in detective stories led her into lawThe challenges and enriching experiences she faced moving from the Philippines to Singapore, Vietnam, and JapanThe intriguing cultural nuances in arbitration in different countriesThe blend of competence and confidence needed to succeed in the arbitration landscapeHer favourite podcast, book and other fun facts About EarlEarl is a Partner at Tokyo International Law Office specializing in dispute resolution (i.e. arbitration, litigation, mediation) and investigations. She represents clients or acts on matters in arbitrations across key hearing jurisdictions such as Japan, Singapore, London, Vietnam, and New York under major arbitral institutions like ICC, SIAC, HKIAC, LCIA, VIAC, KCAB, SCC, ICSID. Her expertise spans a wide spectrum of sectors including but not limited to traditional and renewable energy, commodities, cross-border sale of goods, and construction.Earl has served as arbitrator for cases seated in Japan, the Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Indonesia, and India. She has served as sole arbitrator, chair of the tribunal, and party-nominated arbitrator. She is impaneled as an arbitrator or mediator at several institutions, including JCAA, KCAB, CAAI, AIAC, THAC, HKIAC, SIAC, and E-bram, and has been appointed under the ICC rules.Her experience includes working as a tribunal law clerk for leading international arbitrators in proceedings held globally, from Nigeria and London to France, Sri Lanka, Hong Kong, the Republic of Korea, and the USA, under institutions like ICC, SIAC, LCIA, AIAC, AMTAC, VIAC, KCAB, SCMA, AAA-ICDR and ICSID. With involvement in more than 180 matters, her work in dispute resolution encompasses total claims exceeding US$8 billion. Earl has co-authored two editions of “Halsbury's Laws of Singapore: Arbitration” and authored the definitive guide, “Arbitration in Vietnam”.  Her hobbies include: hiking, onsen-hopping (in Japan), reading true crime/ detective stories, piano-playing and singing.Connect with EarlLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/earldolera/ Website: https://www.tkilaw.com/en/members/earldolera LinksHuberman Lab: https://www.hubermanlab.com/ The Relentless Elimination of Hurry: https://amzn.asia/d/13b1obf Connect with Catherine Linked In https://www.linkedin.com/in/oconnellcatherine/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lawyeronairYouTube: https://youtube.com/@lawyeronair 

This DermSurgery Digest bonus content, aptly named “At the Microscope,” shares the latest research and techniques in dermatopathology. In this episode, we will review tumor upstaging related to basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Contributors to this podcast include Naomi Lawrence, MD, Dermatologic Surgery Digital Content Editor; Ashley Elsensohn, MD, MPH, DermSurgery Digest at the Microscope co-host; Christine Ahn, MD; Jeff Gardner, MD; Marina K. Ibraheim, MD; and Michael P. Lee, MD. Articles featured in this episode include: Pham D, Tabba D, Zhou C, Chow C, Elsensohn A. Histopathological discrepancy of biopsy specimens compared to subsequent Mohs surgery or wide local excision specimens. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2024 Sep;91(3):518-519. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.04.047. Epub 2024 Apr 27. PMID: 38685403. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38685403/Lim GF, Perez OA, Zitelli JA, Brodland DG. Correlation of basal cell carcinoma subtype with histologically confirmed subclinical extension during Mohs micrographic surgery: A prospective multicenter study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Jun;86(6):1309-1317. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.02.037. Epub 2022 Feb 26. PMID: 35231546. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35231546/Knackstedt TJ, Brennick JB, Perry AE, Li Z, Quatrano NA, Samie FH. Frequency of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) invasion in transected SCC in situ referred for Mohs surgery: the Dartmouth-Hitchcock experience. Int J Dermatol. 2015 Jul;54(7):830-3. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12867. Epub 2015 Apr 27. PMID: 25920731. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25920731/Jackett LA, Gullifer JP, Scolyer RA. Evaluation of Multiple Tissue Levels Frequently Upstages Patients With Clinically Localized Thin Primary Cutaneous Melanoma. J Cutan Pathol. 2024 Oct 2. doi: 10.1111/cup.14726. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39357975. Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39357975/ Your feedback is encouraged. Please contact communicationstaff@asds.net.

URSULA'S TOP STORIES: Gov. Ferguson signs order to protect kids whose parents are deported // The SCC has a new member // Amanda Knox doesn't want police to lie // GUEST: Seattle Chef Edouardo Jordan, tells our listeners about celebrating Black History Month with Soul of Seattle // GUEST: Bill Kaczarba on the 39th anniversary of the Challenger explosion

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• YOU CAN APPLY FOR SOURCE CLARITY CLUB HERE :)• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com

Combining technical skill with a strong aesthetic, flameworking pioneer Sally Prasch is known for her work that places other-worldly figures in glowing globes filled with rare gasses. She has also constructed portraits from broken shards of glass and is well known for her goblets made with coiled stems that allow them to bounce when handled. Her latest work incorporates cast bronze with glass. But perhaps Prasch's greatest fulfillment has come from teaching. She has taught flameworking workshops at UrbanGlass, Brooklyn; the famous Niijima Glass School, Japan; Pilchuck Glass School, Stanwood, WA; Penland School of Craft, Penland, NC; Pittsburgh Glass Center, Pittsburgh, PA; Grove Gas & Light Co, University of CA, San Diego, CA; Ingalena Klenell's Studio, Sweden, and many more. States Prasch: “Teaching has always been a part of my life. My parents were teachers, and both my brother and sister have also been teachers. Lloyd Moore, my first teacher, found it very important not to have any secrets but to share your knowledge with others – share your love of glass and making things. He taught thousands of people, and I continue in his tradition. Lloyd started me teaching at age 15. It was scary for me to teach adults, but made me practice things over and over again. We started people on soft glass tubing and then worked them up to borosilicate.”  Prasch began her career at age 13 with Moore working as a part-time apprentice at the University of Nebraska and then worked as a glassblowing instructor for the City of Lincoln Recreation Department. Later on, she took workshops from some of the best glassblowers of the time including William Bernstein, Ray Schultz, and Lino Tagliapietra. She attended the University of Kansas from 1977 to 1980 and received a Bachelor's Degree in Fine Art in Glass and Ceramics.  After college, Prasch started her glass art business that is still active today. She soon began to receive recognition for her artistic work and was selected for the Corning Museum of Glass' New Glass Review in 1993. The artist has been attending Glass Art Society (GAS) Conferences since 1978 and continues to participate by giving demonstrations and lec-moes, serving on the GAS Advisory Board and working with the organization's History Committee. In 1985, Prasch received her Certificate in Scientific Glass Technology from Salem Community College (SCC), Carneys Point, New Jersey. Soon afterwards, she obtained a position with AT&T doing large quartz work for the semiconductor industry. Continuing with her studies, Prasch earned her degree in Applied Science from SCC in 1986. Later that year she got a job as a scientific glassblower and glass instructor at the University of Massachusetts. She has worked as a scientific glassblower at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst (UMass Amherst), Syracuse University, and the University of Vermont, Burlington.  Currently, Prasch is the scientific glassblower and also teaches Scientific Glassblowing and the Properties of Glass to graduate students in Chemistry, Art and Physics at University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She is a member of the American Scientific Glassblowers Society (ASGS) and the director of the Northeast section. Her ASGS experience includes participating in seminars on such subjects like vacuum technology, quartz technology, and glass sealing. She has instructed a neon class with David Wilson, presented a paper on her work with the discovery of the gravitational wave, and co-chaired symposiums.  In 2025, Prasch will exhibit her work in Glass Lifeforms at the Pittsburgh Glass Center, opening February 7 and running through April 20. Her work will also be on view in Glasstastic at the Brattleboro Art Museum, Brattleboro, VT, March 22 through November 1. The artist will teach at the Pittsburgh Glass Center, Pittsburgh, PA, from July 28 – August 1. After curating the annual glass exhibit at Leverett Crafts and Arts in Leverett, MA for the month of November, Prasch will have a one-week fall residency with George Kennard at SCC, as well as a residency at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. In 2026, the Herter main gallery at UMass Amherst will host a solo exhibit of Prasch's work from January 29 through May 8. The opening will take place Friday, April 24, 2026, from 5 to 7 p.m. with an artist talk from 6 to 6:30 p.m. Her work will also be on display at the Science Library and at the Durfee Conservatory at UMass during the show.  As Prasch develops new work, including pieces for Laura Donefer's 2026 Glass Fashion Show to be held at GAS, she continues to teach and fabricate scientific glassware at UMass. She says: “I have taught on average 25 students a month for my entire career, only taking a break during the pandemic. Obviously, teaching is a part of me, and I gain so much. It is not about teaching, not about glass, not about notoriety, not about pay – it is about the energy between people. It is about trust.”  UPCOMING EVENT LINKS Spring and Fall semester classes and weekend workshops at the University of Massachusetts – Amherst https://www.umass.edu/natural-sciences/research/scientific-glassblowing-laboratory February 7 – April 20, 2025 – Glass Lifeforms Exhibit, Pittsburgh Glass Center https://www.pittsburghglasscenter.org/event/exhibition-lifeforms/ March 22 – November 1, 2025 – Glasstastic, Brattleboro Art Museum, Brattleboro VT https://www.brattleboromuseum.org/2024/09/06/glasstastic-2025/ March 21 – 23, 2025 – International Flameworking Conference, Salem Community College, Carneys Point, NJ https://www.salemcc.edu/glass/international-flameworking-conference April 5, 2025 – Northeast American Scientific Glassblowers Section Meeting, Cornell University https://northeast.asgs-glass.org/ May 14 – 17, 2025 –Glass Art Society Conference https://www.glassart.org/conference/texas-2025/ July 28 – August 1, 2025 – Teaching at the Pittsburgh Glass Center, Pittsburgh PA https://canvas.pittsburghglasscenter.org/classes/1632 Fall, 2025 – one week residency with George Kennard at Salem Community College, Carneys Point, NJ https://www.salemcc.edu/glass Fall, 2025 – one week residency at the University of Massachusetts https://www.umass.edu/natural-sciences/research/scientific-glassblowing-laboratory January 29 – May 8, 2026 – Exhibit at the Herter Gallery, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Opening April 24, 5 – 7 p.m. with artist talk 6:00 – 6:30pm https://www.umass.edu/herterartgallery/herter-art-gallery January 29 – May 8, 2026 Exhibit at the Science and Engineering Library and the Durfee Conservatory https://www.library.umass.edu/sel/ https://www.umass.edu/natural-sciences/research/greenhouses/durfee-conservatory  

We are all 'expected' to have goals and new year resolutions and ways to better ourselves, but here at SCC we wanted to explore if expectations are ever helpful and if and when they may be hindering you and your mental health. In this episode we discuss: Self Expectations. social expectations and interpersonal expectations - what they are and how we all behave around them.  How our expectations can limit us or our relationships  How to manage our expectations effectively Go to ZOE.com to find out what ZOE Membership could do for you. You can use the exclusive code SELFCARE10 to get 10% off membership. As a ZOE member, you'll get an at-home test kit and personalized nutrition program to help you make smarter food choices that support your gut. Use SELFCARE10 at checkout. If you liked this episode and want to be part of the club, come follow us on all our socials:  To Listen To Our Brand New Podcast 40ISH - https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/40ish/id1757876983 To order our book “HAVE YOU TRIED THIS?” click here  https://www.amazon.co.uk/Have-You-Tried-This-Only/dp/1801293139/ref=sr_1_2?crid=1O7EA4ZF1O5CS&keywords=have+you+tried+this&qid=1699449028&sprefix=have+you+tried+%2Caps%2C125&sr=8-2 For Our Exclusive Merch - https://self-care-club.myspreadshop.co.uk/ Join Our Private Facebook Group https://www.facebook.com/groups/1115099072702743/?ref=share_group_link Instagram  https://www.instagram.com/selfcareclubpod/ YouTube https://youtube.com/c/SelfCareClub TikTok https://vm.tiktok.com/ZMLnXyS1S/ Email hello@theselfcareclub.co.uk  Website www.theselfcareclub.co.uk Studio production by @launchpodstudios Music by purpleplanet. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• YOU CAN APPLY FOR SOURCE CLARITY CLUB HERE :)• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com• MY MUSIC - new song :)- spotify – apple music

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• YOU CAN APPLY FOR SOURCE CLARITY CLUB HERE :)• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• YOU CAN APPLY FOR SOURCE CLARITY CLUB HERE :)• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• YOU CAN APPLY FOR SOURCE CLARITY CLUB HERE :)• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• SOURCE CLARITY CLUB WAITLIST & ENROLLMENT PAGE• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• SOURCE CLARITY CLUB WAITLIST & ENROLLMENT PAGE• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com

Thank you for listening to this episode of SOURCE CLARITY!• SOURCE CLARITY CLUB WAITLIST• Ask us questions about SCC by emailing us in: team@nickymoriarty.com• Book: 1:1 Intuitive Reading• Instagram: @nickymoriarty• Website: nickymoriarty.com

In November of 2002, friends and family of 25-year-old Fort McMurray DJ Robert LeVoir became concerned that they hadn't heard from him in over two weeks. Although he'd been a troubled guy, struggling with drugs, cocaine in particular, it wasn't like Robert to be out of touch for so long. They worried about his welfare and began searching for him, eventually involving the RCMP. To Robert's family, the RCMP appeared to be doing little to find their loved one. However, behind closed doors, investigators were working on a tip from a man claiming Robert's roommate, Dax Richard Mack, also a DJ, had murdered Robert LeVoir and disposed of his body. Sources: 2006 ABQB 324 (CanLII) | R. v. Mack | CanLII 2007 ABQB 182 (CanLII) | R. v. Mack | CanLII 2012 ABCA 42 (CanLII) | R. v. Mack | CanLII SCC Appeal File No. 35093 — 2013 2014 SCC 58 (CanLII) | R. v. Mack | CanLII Supreme Court upholds Fort McMurray murder conviction Top court upholds Alberta conviction in boost for ‘Mr. Big' tactics Mr Big Operations: Innovative Investigative Technique or Threat to Justice? Mr. Big: Undercover Sting Operations Mr. Big: An RCMP Production Revisiting “Mr. Big” Confessions: R v Mack No New Friends: A Look at the Law Relating to Mr. Big in R. v. Hart : Royle Law | Criminal and DUI Lawyers Toronto “Mr. Big” Operation: SCC constrains but doesn't eliminate the practice. 2022 ABQB 522 (CanLII) | Mack v Warden of Grande Cache Institution | CanLII A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF MR. BIG OPERATIONS BY CANADA'S POLICE by Chanel J. Blais Mr. Big — Brilliant police strategy, or dangerous and coercive? Robert Cecil William LeVoir (1977-2002) - Find a Grave Shocore - Bonecracker | YouTube Owen Beverly Beattie Owen Beattie RvJeanvennebyArghavanGerami Apr 23, 2004, page 6 - Edmonton Journal at Newspapers.com Jul 06, 2004, page 6 - Edmonton Journal at Newspapers.com Apr 26, 2006, page 23 - Edmonton Journal at Newspapers.com Apr 26, 2006, page 7 - The Daily Herald-Tribune at Newspapers.com Apr 22, 2004, page 3 - Fort McMurray Today at Newspapers.com Apr 26, 2006, page 3 - Fort McMurray Today at Newspapers.com May 10, 2006, page 7 - The Daily Herald-Tribune at Newspapers.com Feb 21, 2008, page 6 - Star-Phoenix at Newspapers.com Feb 21, 2008, page 23 - Edmonton Journal at Newspapers.com Killer DJ appeal turfed | Edmonton Sun High court upholds Mr. Big conviction Shocking the Conscience: Public Responses to Police Use of the “Mr. Big” Technique Mr. Big — Brilliant police strategy, or dangerous and coercive? | Edmonton Sun Gangsters Out Blog | The Dirty Few MC Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices