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Last time we spoke about the surrender of Japan. Emperor Hirohito announced the surrender on August 15, prompting mixed public reactions: grief, shock, and sympathy for the Emperor, tempered by fear of hardship and occupation. The government's response included resignations and suicide as new leadership was brought in under Prime Minister Higashikuni, with Mamoru Shigemitsu as Foreign Minister and Kawabe Torashiro heading a delegation to Manila. General MacArthur directed the occupation plan, “Blacklist,” prioritizing rapid, phased entry into key Japanese areas and Korea, while demobilizing enemy forces. The surrender ceremony occurred aboard the Missouri in Tokyo Bay on September 2, with Wainwright, Percival, Nimitz, and UN representatives in attendance. Civilians and soldiers across Asia began surrendering, and postwar rehabilitation, Indochina and Vietnam's independence movements, and Southeast Asian transitions rapidly unfolded as Allied forces established control. This episode is the Aftermath of the Pacific War Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  The Pacific War has ended. Peace has been restored by the Allies and most of the places conquered by the Japanese Empire have been liberated. In this post-war period, new challenges would be faced for those who won the war; and from the ashes of an empire, a defeated nation was also seeking to rebuild. As the Japanese demobilized their armed forces, many young boys were set to return to their homeland, even if they had previously thought that they wouldn't survive the ordeal. And yet, there were some cases of isolated men that would continue to fight for decades even, unaware that the war had already ended.  As we last saw, after the Japanese surrender, General MacArthur's forces began the occupation of the Japanese home islands, while their overseas empire was being dismantled by the Allies. To handle civil administration, MacArthur established the Military Government Section, commanded by Brigadier-General William Crist, staffed by hundreds of US experts trained in civil governance who were reassigned from Okinawa and the Philippines. As the occupation began, Americans dispatched tactical units and Military Government Teams to each prefecture to ensure that policies were faithfully carried out. By mid-September, General Eichelberger's 8th Army had taken over the Tokyo Bay region and began deploying to occupy Hokkaido and the northern half of Honshu. Then General Krueger's 6th Army arrived in late September, taking southern Honshu and Shikoku, with its base in Kyoto. In December, 6th Army was relieved of its occupation duties; in January 1946, it was deactivated, leaving the 8th Army as the main garrison force. By late 1945, about 430,000 American soldiers were garrisoned across Japan. President Truman approved inviting Allied involvement on American terms, with occupation armies integrated into a US command structure. Yet with the Chinese civil war and Russia's reluctance to place its forces under MacArthur's control, only Australia, Britain, India, and New Zealand sent brigades, more than 40,000 troops in southwestern Japan. Japanese troops were gradually disarmed by order of their own commanders, so the stigma of surrender would be less keenly felt by the individual soldier. In the homeland, about 1.5 million men were discharged and returned home by the end of August. Demobilization overseas, however, proceeded, not quickly, but as a long, difficult process of repatriation. In compliance with General Order No. 1, the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters disbanded on September 13 and was superseded by the Japanese War Department to manage demobilization. By November 1, the homeland had demobilized 2,228,761 personnel, roughly 97% of the Homeland Army. Yet some 6,413,215 men remained to be repatriated from overseas. On December 1, the Japanese War Ministry dissolved, and the First Demobilization Ministry took its place. The Second Demobilization Ministry was established to handle IJN demobilization, with 1,299,868 sailors, 81% of the Navy, demobilized by December 17. Japanese warships and merchant ships had their weapons rendered inoperative, and suicide craft were destroyed. Forty percent of naval vessels were allocated to evacuations in the Philippines, and 60% to evacuations of other Pacific islands. This effort eventually repatriated about 823,984 men to Japan by February 15, 1946. As repatriation accelerated, by October 15 only 1,909,401 men remained to be repatriated, most of them in the Soviet Union. Meanwhile, the Higashikuni Cabinet and Foreign Minister Shigemitsu Mamoru managed to persuade MacArthur not to impose direct military rule or martial law over all of Japan. Instead, the occupation would be indirect, guided by the Japanese government under the Emperor's direction. An early decision to feed occupation forces from American supplies, and to allow the Japanese to use their own limited food stores, helped ease a core fear: that Imperial forces would impose forced deliveries on the people they conquered. On September 17, MacArthur transferred his headquarters from Yokohama to Tokyo, setting up primary offices on the sixth floor of the Dai-Ichi Mutual Life Insurance Building, an imposing edifice overlooking the moat and the Imperial palace grounds in Hibiya, a symbolic heart of the nation.  While the average soldier did not fit the rapacious image of wartime Japanese propagandists, occupation personnel often behaved like neo-colonial overlords. The conquerors claimed privileges unimaginable to most Japanese. Entire trains and train compartments, fitted with dining cars, were set aside for the exclusive use of occupation forces. These silenced, half-empty trains sped past crowded platforms, provoking ire as Japanese passengers were forced to enter and exit packed cars through punched-out windows, or perch on carriage roofs, couplings, and running boards, often with tragic consequences. The luxury express coaches became irresistible targets for anonymous stone-throwers. During the war, retrenchment measures had closed restaurants, cabarets, beer halls, geisha houses, and theatres in Tokyo and other large cities. Now, a vast leisure industry sprang up to cater to the needs of the foreign occupants. Reopened restaurants and theatres, along with train stations, buses, and streetcars, were sometimes kept off limits to Allied personnel, partly for security, partly to avoid burdening Japanese resources, but a costly service infrastructure was built to the occupiers' specifications. Facilities reserved for occupation troops bore large signs reading “Japanese Keep Out” or “For Allied Personnel Only.” In downtown Tokyo, important public buildings requisitioned for occupation use had separate entrances for Americans and Japanese. The effect? A subtle but clear colour bar between the predominantly white conquerors and the conquered “Asiatic” Japanese. Although MacArthur was ready to work through the Japanese government, he lacked the organizational infrastructure to administer a nation of 74 million. Consequently, on October 2, MacArthur dissolved the Military Government Section and inaugurated General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, a separate headquarters focused on civil affairs and operating in tandem with the Army high command. SCAP immediately assumed responsibility for administering the Japanese home islands. It commandeered every large building not burned down to house thousands of civilians and requisitioned vast tracts of prime real estate to quarter several hundred thousand troops in the Tokyo–Yokohama area alone. Amidst the rise of American privilege, entire buildings were refurbished as officers' clubs, replete with slot machines and gambling parlours installed at occupation expense. The Stars and Stripes were hoisted over Tokyo, while the display of the Rising Sun was banned; and the downtown area, known as “Little America,” was transformed into a US enclave. The enclave mentality of this cocooned existence was reinforced by the arrival within the first six months of roughly 700 American families. At the peak of the occupation, about 14,800 families employed some 25,000 Japanese servants to ease the “rigours” of overseas duty. Even enlisted men in the sparse quonset-hut towns around the city lived like kings compared with ordinary Japanese. Japanese workers cleaned barracks, did kitchen chores, and handled other base duties. The lowest private earned a 25% hardship bonus until these special allotments were discontinued in 1949. Most military families quickly adjusted to a pampered lifestyle that went beyond maids and “boys,” including cooks, laundresses, babysitters, gardeners, and masseuses. Perks included spacious quarters with swimming pools, central heating, hot running water, and modern plumbing. Two observers compared GHQ to the British Raj at its height. George F. Kennan, head of the State Department's Policy Planning Staff, warned during his 1948 mission to Japan that Americans had monopolized “everything that smacks of comfort or elegance or luxury,” criticizing what he called the “American brand of philistinism” and the “monumental imperviousness” of MacArthur's staff to the Japanese suffering. This conqueror's mentality also showed in the bullying attitudes many top occupation officials displayed toward the Japanese with whom they dealt. Major Faubion Bowers, MacArthur's military secretary, later said, “I and nearly all the occupation people I knew were extremely conceited and extremely arrogant and used our power every inch of the way.” Initially, there were spasms of defiance against the occupation forces, such as anonymous stone-throwing, while armed robbery and minor assaults against occupation personnel were rife in the weeks and months after capitulation. Yet active resistance was neither widespread nor organized. The Americans successfully completed their initial deployment without violence, an astonishing feat given a heavily armed and vastly superior enemy operating on home terrain. The average citizen regarded the occupation as akin to force majeure, the unfortunate but inevitable aftermath of a natural calamity. Japan lay prostrate. Industrial output had fallen to about 10% of pre-war levels, and as late as 1946, more than 13 million remained unemployed. Nearly 40% of Japan's urban areas had been turned to rubble, and some 9 million people were homeless. The war-displaced, many of them orphans, slept in doorways and hallways, in bombed-out ruins, dugouts and packing crates, under bridges or on pavements, and crowded the hallways of train and subway stations. As winter 1945 descended, with food, fuel, and clothing scarce, people froze to death. Bonfires lit the streets to ward off the chill. "The only warm hands I have shaken thus far in Japan belonged to Americans," Mark Gayn noted in December 1945. "The Japanese do not have much of a chance to thaw out, and their hands are cold and red." Unable to afford shoes, many wore straw sandals; those with geta felt themselves privileged. The sight of a man wearing a woman's high-buttoned shoes in winter epitomized the daily struggle to stay dry and warm. Shantytowns built of scrap wood, rusted metal, and scavenged odds and ends sprang up everywhere, resembling vast junk yards. The poorest searched smouldering refuse heaps for castoffs that might be bartered for a scrap to eat or wear. Black markets (yami'ichi) run by Japanese, Koreans, and For-mosans mushroomed to replace collapsed distribution channels and cash in on inflated prices. Tokyo became "a world of scarcity in which every nail, every rag, and even a tangerine peel [had a] market value." Psychologically numbed, disoriented, and disillusioned with their leaders, demobilized veterans and civilians alike struggled to get their bearings, shed militaristic ideologies, and begin to embrace new values. In the vacuum of defeat, the Japanese people appeared ready to reject the past and grasp at the straw held out by the former enemy. Relations between occupier and occupied were not smooth, however. American troops comported themselves like conquerors, especially in the early weeks and months of occupation. Much of the violence was directed against women, with the first attacks beginning within hours after the landing of advance units. When US paratroopers landed in Sapporo, an orgy of looting, sexual violence, and drunken brawling ensued. Newspaper accounts reported 931 serious offences by GIs in the Yokohama area during the first week of occupation, including 487 armed robberies, 411 thefts of currency or goods, 9 rapes, 5 break-ins, 3 cases of assault and battery, and 16 other acts of lawlessness. In the first 10 days of occupation, there were 1,336 reported rapes by US soldiers in Kanagawa Prefecture alone. Americans were not the only perpetrators. A former prostitute recalled that when Australian troops arrived in Kure in early 1946, they “dragged young women into their jeeps, took them to the mountain, and then raped them. I heard them screaming for help nearly every night.” Such behaviour was commonplace, but news of criminal activity by occupation forces was quickly suppressed. On September 10, 1945, SCAP issued press and pre-censorship codes outlawing the publication of reports and statistics "inimical to the objectives of the occupation." In the sole instance of self-help General Eichelberger records in his memoirs, when locals formed a vigilante group and retaliated against off-duty GIs, 8th Army ordered armored vehicles into the streets and arrested the ringleaders, who received lengthy prison terms. Misbehavior ranged from black-market activity, petty theft, reckless driving, and disorderly conduct to vandalism, arson, murder, and rape. Soldiers and sailors often broke the law with impunity, and incidents of robbery, rape, and even murder were widely reported. Gang rapes and other sex atrocities were not infrequent; victims, shunned as outcasts, sometimes turned to prostitution in desperation, while others took their own lives to avoid bringing shame to their families. Military courts arrested relatively few soldiers for these offenses and convicted even fewer; Japanese attempts at self-defense were punished severely, and restitution for victims was rare. Fearing the worst, Japanese authorities had already prepared countermeasures against the supposed rapacity of foreign soldiers. Imperial troops in East Asia and the Pacific had behaved brutally toward women, so the government established “sexual comfort-stations” manned by geisha, bar hostesses, and prostitutes to “satisfy the lust of the Occupation forces,” as the Higashikuni Cabinet put it. A budget of 100 million yen was set aside for these Recreation and Amusement Associations, financed initially with public funds but run as private enterprises under police supervision. Through these, the government hoped to protect the daughters of the well-born and middle class by turning to lower-class women to satisfy the soldiers' sexual appetites. By the end of 1945, brothel operators had rounded up an estimated 20,000 young women and herded them into RAA establishments nationwide. Eventually, as many as 70,000 are said to have ended up in the state-run sex industry. Thankfully, as military discipline took hold and fresh troops replaced the Allied veterans responsible for the early crime wave, violence subsided and the occupier's patronising behavior and the ugly misdeeds of a lawless few were gradually overlooked. However, fraternisation was frowned upon by both sides, and segregation was practiced in principle, with the Japanese excluded from areas reserved for Allied personnel until September 1949, when MacArthur lifted virtually all restrictions on friendly association, stating that he was “establishing the same relations between occupation personnel and the Japanese population as exists between troops stationed in the United States and the American people.” In principle, the Occupation's administrative structure was highly complex. The Far Eastern Commission, based in Washington, included representatives from all 13 countries that had fought against Japan and was established in 1946 to formulate basic principles. The Allied Council for Japan was created in the same year to assist in developing and implementing surrender terms and in administering the country. It consisted of representatives from the USA, the USSR, Nationalist China, and the British Commonwealth. Although both bodies were active at first, they were largely ineffectual due to unwieldy decision-making, disagreements between the national delegations (especially the USA and USSR), and the obstructionism of General Douglas MacArthur. In practice, SCAP, the executive authority of the occupation, effectively ruled Japan from 1945 to 1952. And since it took orders only from the US government, the Occupation became primarily an American affair. The US occupation program, effectively carried out by SCAP, was revolutionary and rested on a two-pronged approach. To ensure Japan would never again become a menace to the United States or to world peace, SCAP pursued disarmament and demilitarization, with continuing control over Japan's capacity to make war. This involved destroying military supplies and installations, demobilizing more than five million Japanese soldiers, and thoroughly discrediting the military establishment. Accordingly, SCAP ordered the purge of tens of thousands of designated persons from public service positions, including accused war criminals, military officers, leaders of ultranationalist societies, leaders in the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, business leaders tied to overseas expansion, governors of former Japanese colonies, and national leaders who had steered Japan into war. In addition, MacArthur's International Military Tribunal for the Far East established a military court in Tokyo. It had jurisdiction over those charged with Class A crimes, top leaders who had planned and directed the war. Also considered were Class B charges, covering conventional war crimes, and Class C charges, covering crimes against humanity. Yet the military court in Tokyo wouldn't be the only one. More than 5,700 lower-ranking personnel were charged with conventional war crimes in separate trials convened by Australia, China, France, the Dutch East Indies, the Philippines, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Of the 5,700 Japanese individuals indicted for Class B war crimes, 984 were sentenced to death; 475 received life sentences; 2,944 were given more limited prison terms; 1,018 were acquitted; and 279 were never brought to trial or not sentenced. Among these, many, like General Ando Rikichi and Lieutenant-General Nomi Toshio, chose to commit suicide before facing prosecution. Notable cases include Lieutenant-General Tani Hisao, who was sentenced to death by the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal for his role in the Nanjing Massacre; Lieutenant-General Sakai Takashi, who was executed in Nanjing for the murder of British and Chinese civilians during the occupation of Hong Kong. General Okamura Yasuji was convicted of war crimes by the Tribunal, yet he was immediately protected by the personal order of Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-Shek, who kept him as a military adviser for the Kuomintang. In the Manila trials, General Yamashita Tomoyuki was sentenced to death as he was in overall command during the Sook Ching massacre, the Rape of Manila, and other atrocities. Lieutenant-General Homma Masaharu was likewise executed in Manila for atrocities committed by troops under his command during the Bataan Death March. General Imamura Hitoshi was sentenced to ten years in prison, but he considered the punishment too light and even had a replica of the prison built in his garden, remaining there until his death in 1968. Lieutenant-General Kanda Masatane received a 14-year sentence for war crimes on Bougainville, though he served only four years. Lieutenant-General Adachi Hatazo was sentenced to life imprisonment for war crimes in New Guinea and subsequently committed suicide on September 10, 1947. Lieutenant-General Teshima Fusataro received three years of forced labour for using a hospital ship to transport troops. Lieutenant-General Baba Masao was sentenced to death for ordering the Sandakan Death Marches, during which over 2,200 Australian and British prisoners of war perished. Lieutenant-General Tanabe Moritake was sentenced to death by a Dutch military tribunal for unspecified war crimes. Rear-Admiral Sakaibara Shigematsu was executed in Guam for ordering the Wake Island massacre, in which 98 American civilians were murdered. Lieutenant-General Inoue Sadae was condemned to death in Guam for permitting subordinates to execute three downed American airmen captured in Palau, though his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in 1951 and he was released in 1953. Lieutenant-General Tachibana Yoshio was sentenced to death in Guam for his role in the Chichijima Incident, in which eight American airmen were cannibalized. By mid-1945, due to the Allied naval blockade, the 25,000 Japanese troops on Chichijima had run low on supplies. However, although the daily rice ration had been reduced from 400 grams per person per day to 240 grams, the troops were not at risk of starvation. In February and March 1945, in what would later be called the Chichijima incident, Tachibana Yoshio's senior staff turned to cannibalism. Nine American airmen had escaped from their planes after being shot down during bombing raids on Chichijima, eight of whom were captured. The ninth, the only one to evade capture, was future US President George H. W. Bush, then a 20-year-old pilot. Over several months, the prisoners were executed, and reportedly by the order of Major Matoba Sueyo, their bodies were butchered by the division's medical orderlies, with the livers and other organs consumed by the senior staff, including Matoba's superior Tachibana. In the Yokohama War Crimes Trials, Lieutenant-Generals Inada Masazumi and Yokoyama Isamu were convicted for their complicity in vivisection and other human medical experiments performed at Kyushu Imperial University on downed Allied airmen. The Tokyo War Crimes Trial, which began in May 1946 and lasted two and a half years, resulted in the execution by hanging of Generals Doihara Kenji and Itagaki Seishiro, and former Prime Ministers Hirota Koki and Tojo Hideki, for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes against peace, specifically for the escalation of the Pacific War and for permitting the inhumane treatment of prisoners of war. Also sentenced to death were Lieutenant-General Muto Akira for his role in the Nanjing and Manila massacres; General Kimura Heitaro for planning the war strategy in China and Southeast Asia and for laxity in preventing atrocities against prisoners of war in Burma; and General Matsui Iwane for his involvement in the Rape of Nanjing. The seven defendants who were sentenced to death were executed at Sugamo Prison in Ikebukuro on December 23, 1948. Sixteen others were sentenced to life imprisonment, including the last Field Marshal Hata Shunroku, Generals Araki Sadao, Minami Hiro, and Umezu Shojiro, Admiral Shimada Shigetaro, former Prime Ministers Hiranuma Kiichiro and Koiso Kuniaki, Marquis Kido Koichi, and Colonel Hashimoto Kingoro, a major instigator of the second Sino-Japanese War. Additionally, former Foreign Ministers Togo Shigenori and Shigemitsu Mamoru received seven- and twenty-year sentences, respectively. The Soviet Union and Chinese Communist forces also held trials of Japanese war criminals, including the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials, which tried and found guilty some members of Japan's bacteriological and chemical warfare unit known as Unit 731. However, those who surrendered to the Americans were never brought to trial, as MacArthur granted immunity to Lieutenant-General Ishii Shiro and all members of the bacteriological research units in exchange for germ-w warfare data derived from human experimentation. If you would like to learn more about what I like to call Japan's Operation Paper clip, whereupon the US grabbed many scientists from Unit 731, check out my exclusive podcast. The SCAP-turn to democratization began with the drafting of a new constitution in 1947, addressing Japan's enduring feudal social structure. In the charter, sovereignty was vested in the people, and the emperor was designated a “symbol of the state and the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people in whom resides sovereign power.” Because the emperor now possessed fewer powers than European constitutional monarchs, some have gone so far as to say that Japan became “a republic in fact if not in name.” Yet the retention of the emperor was, in fact, a compromise that suited both those who wanted to preserve the essence of the nation for stability and those who demanded that the emperor system, though not necessarily the emperor, should be expunged. In line with the democratic spirit of the new constitution, the peerage was abolished and the two-chamber Diet, to which the cabinet was now responsible, became the highest organ of state. The judiciary was made independent and local autonomy was granted in vital areas of jurisdiction such as education and the police. Moreover, the constitution stipulated that “the people shall not be prevented from enjoying any of the fundamental human rights,” that they “shall be respected as individuals,” and that “their right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness shall … be the supreme consideration in legislation.” Its 29 articles guaranteed basic human rights: equality, freedom from discrimination on the basis of race, creed, sex, social status or family origin, freedom of thought and freedom of religion. Finally, in its most controversial section, Article 9, the “peace clause,” Japan “renounce[d] war as a sovereign right of the nation” and vowed not to maintain any military forces and “other war potential.” To instill a thoroughly democratic ethos, reforms touched every facet of society. The dissolution of the zaibatsu decentralised economic power; the 1945 Labour Union Law and the 1946 Labour Relations Act guaranteed workers the right to collective action; the 1947 Labour Standards Law established basic working standards for men and women; and the revised Civil Code of 1948 abolished the patriarchal household and enshrined sexual equality. Reflecting core American principles, SCAP introduced a 6-3-3 schooling system, six years of compulsory elementary education, three years of junior high, and an optional three years of senior high, along with the aim of secular, locally controlled education. More crucially, ideological reform followed: censorship of feudal material in media, revision of textbooks, and prohibition of ideas glorifying war, dying for the emperor, or venerating war heroes. With women enfranchised and young people shaped to counter militarism and ultranationalism, rural Japan was transformed to undermine lingering class divisions. The land reform program provided for the purchase of all land held by absentee landlords, allowed resident landlords and owner-farmers to retain a set amount of land, and required that the remaining land be sold to the government so it could be offered to existing tenants. In 1948, amid the intensifying tensions of the Cold War that would soon culminate in the Korean War, the occupation's focus shifted from demilitarization and democratization toward economic rehabilitation and, ultimately, the remilitarization of Japan, an shift now known as the “Reverse Course.” The country was thus rebuilt as the Pacific region's primary bulwark against the spread of Communism. An Economic Stabilisation Programme was introduced, including a five-year plan to coordinate production and target capital through the Reconstruction Finance Bank. In 1949, the anti-inflationary Dodge Plan was adopted, advocating balanced budgets, fixing the exchange rate at 360 yen to the dollar, and ending broad government intervention. Additionally, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry was formed and supported the formation of conglomerates centered around banks, which encouraged the reemergence of a somewhat weakened set of zaibatsu, including Mitsui and Mitsubishi. By the end of the Occupation era, Japan was on the verge of surpassing its 1934–1936 levels of economic growth. Equally important was Japan's rearmament in alignment with American foreign policy: a National Police Reserve of about 75,000 was created with the outbreak of the Korean War; by 1952 it had expanded to 110,000 and was renamed the Self-Defense Force after the inclusion of an air force. However, the Reverse Course also facilitated the reestablishment of conservative politics and the rollback of gains made by women and the reforms of local autonomy and education. As the Occupation progressed, the Americans permitted greater Japanese initiative, and power gradually shifted from the reformers to the moderates. By 1949, the purge of the right came under review, and many who had been condemned began returning to influence, if not to the Diet, then to behind-the-scenes power. At the same time, Japanese authorities, with MacArthur's support, began purging left-wing activists. In June 1950, for example, the central office of the Japan Communist Party and the editorial board of The Red Flag were purged. The gains made by women also seemed to be reversed. Women were elected to 8% of available seats in the first lower-house election in 1946, but to only 2% in 1952, a trend not reversed until the so-called Madonna Boom of the 1980s. Although the number of women voting continued to rise, female politicisation remained more superficial than might be imagined. Women's employment also appeared little affected by labour legislation: though women formed nearly 40% of the labor force in 1952, they earned only 45% as much as men. Indeed, women's attitudes toward labor were influenced less by the new ethos of fulfilling individual potential than by traditional views of family and workplace responsibilities. In the areas of local autonomy and education, substantial modifications were made to the reforms. Because local authorities lacked sufficient power to tax, they were unable to realise their extensive powers, and, as a result, key responsibilities were transferred back to national jurisdiction. In 1951, for example, 90% of villages and towns placed their police forces under the control of the newly formed National Police Agency. Central control over education was also gradually reasserted; in 1951, the Yoshida government attempted to reintroduce ethics classes, proposed tighter central oversight of textbooks, and recommended abolishing local school board elections. By the end of the decade, all these changes had been implemented. The Soviet occupation of the Kurile Islands and the Habomai Islets was completed with Russian troops fully deployed by September 5. Immediately after the onset of the occupation, amid a climate of insecurity and fear marked by reports of sporadic rape and physical assault and widespread looting by occupying troops, an estimated 4,000 islanders fled to Hokkaido rather than face an uncertain repatriation. As Soviet forces moved in, they seized or destroyed telephone and telegraph installations and halted ship movements into and out of the islands, leaving residents without adequate food and other winter provisions. Yet, unlike Manchuria, where Japanese civilians faced widespread sexual violence and pillage, systematic violence against the civilian population on the Kuriles appears to have been exceptional. A series of military government proclamations assured islanders of safety so long as they did not resist Soviet rule and carried on normally; however, these orders also prohibited activities not explicitly authorized by the Red Army, which imposed many hardships on civilians. Residents endured harsh conditions under Soviet rule until late 1948, when Japanese repatriation out of the Kurils was completed. The Kuriles posed a special diplomatic problem, as the occupation of the southernmost islands—the Northern Territories—ignited a long-standing dispute between Tokyo and Moscow that continues to impede the normalisation of relations today. Although the Kuriles were promised to the Soviet Union in the Yalta agreement, Japan and the United States argued that this did not apply to the Northern Territories, since they were not part of the Kurile Islands. A substantial dispute regarding the status of the Kurile Islands arose between the United States and the Soviet Union during the preparation of the Treaty of San Francisco, which was intended as a permanent peace treaty between Japan and the Allied Powers of World War II. The treaty was ultimately signed by 49 nations in San Francisco on September 8, 1951, and came into force on April 28, 1952. It ended Japan's role as an imperial power, allocated compensation to Allied nations and former prisoners of war who had suffered Japanese war crimes, ended the Allied post-war occupation of Japan, and returned full sovereignty to Japan. Effectively, the document officially renounced Japan's treaty rights derived from the Boxer Protocol of 1901 and its rights to Korea, Formosa and the Pescadores, the Kurile Islands, the Spratly Islands, Antarctica, and South Sakhalin. Japan's South Seas Mandate, namely the Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, and Caroline Islands, had already been formally revoked by the United Nations on July 18, 1947, making the United States responsible for administration of those islands under a UN trusteeship agreement that established the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. In turn, the Bonin, Volcano, and Ryukyu Islands were progressively restored to Japan between 1953 and 1972, along with the Senkaku Islands, which were disputed by both Communist and Nationalist China. In addition, alongside the Treaty of San Francisco, Japan and the United States signed a Security Treaty that established a long-lasting military alliance between them. Although Japan renounced its rights to the Kuriles, the U.S. State Department later clarified that “the Habomai Islands and Shikotan ... are properly part of Hokkaido and that Japan is entitled to sovereignty over them,” hence why the Soviets refused to sign the treaty. Britain and the United States agreed that territorial rights would not be granted to nations that did not sign the Treaty of San Francisco, and as a result the Kurile Islands were not formally recognized as Soviet territory. A separate peace treaty, the Treaty of Taipei (formally the Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty), was signed in Taipei on April 28, 1952 between Japan and the Kuomintang, and on June 9 of that year the Treaty of Peace Between Japan and India followed. Finally, Japan and the Soviet Union ended their formal state of war with the Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956, though this did not settle the Kurile Islands dispute. Even after these formal steps, Japan as a nation was not in a formal state of war, and many Japanese continued to believe the war was ongoing; those who held out after the surrender came to be known as Japanese holdouts.  Captain Oba Sakae and his medical company participated in the Saipan campaign beginning on July 7, 1944, and took part in what would become the largest banzai charge of the Pacific War. After 15 hours of intense hand-to-hand combat, almost 4,300 Japanese soldiers were dead, and Oba and his men were presumed among them. In reality, however, he survived the battle and gradually assumed command of over a hundred additional soldiers. Only five men from his original unit survived the battle, two of whom died in the following months. Oba then led over 200 Japanese civilians deeper into the jungles to evade capture, organizing them into mountain caves and hidden jungle villages. When the soldiers were not assisting the civilians with survival tasks, Oba and his men continued their battle against the garrison of US Marines. He used the 1,552‑ft Mount Tapochau as their primary base, which offered an unobstructed 360-degree view of the island. From their base camp on the western slope of the mountain, Oba and his men occasionally conducted guerrilla-style raids on American positions. Due to the speed and stealth of these operations, and the Marines' frustrated attempts to find him, the Saipan Marines eventually referred to Oba as “The Fox.” Oba and his men held out on the island for 512 days, or about 16 months. On November 27, 1945, former Major-General Amo Umahachi was able to draw out some of the Japanese in hiding by singing the anthem of the Japanese infantry branch. Amo was then able to present documents from the defunct IGHQ to Oba ordering him and his 46 remaining men to surrender themselves to the Americans. On December 1, the Japanese soldiers gathered on Tapochau and sang a song of departure to the spirits of the war dead; Oba led his people out of the jungle and they presented themselves to the Marines of the 18th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Company. With great formality and commensurate dignity, Oba surrendered his sword to Lieutenant Colonel Howard G. Kirgis, and his men surrendered their arms and colors. On January 2, 1946, 20 Japanese soldiers hiding in a tunnel at Corregidor Island surrendered after learning the war had ended from a newspaper found while collecting water. In that same month, 120 Japanese were routed after a battle in the mountains 150 miles south of Manila. In April, during a seven-week campaign to clear Lubang Island, 41 more Japanese emerged from the jungle, unaware that the war had ended; however, a group of four Japanese continued to resist. In early 1947, Lieutenant Yamaguchi Ei and his band of 33 soldiers renewed fighting with the small Marine garrison on Peleliu, prompting reinforcements under Rear-Admiral Charles Pownall to be brought to the island to hunt down the guerrilla group. Along with them came former Rear-Admiral Sumikawa Michio, who ultimately convinced Yamaguchi to surrender in April after almost three years of guerrilla warfare. Also in April, seven Japanese emerged from Palawan Island and fifteen armed stragglers emerged from Luzon. In January 1948, 200 troops surrendered on Mindanao; and on May 12, the Associated Press reported that two unnamed Japanese soldiers had surrendered to civilian policemen in Guam the day before. On January 6, 1949, two former IJN soldiers, machine gunners Matsudo Rikio and Yamakage Kufuku, were discovered on Iwo Jima and surrendered peacefully. In March 1950, Private Akatsu Yūichi surrendered in the village of Looc, leaving only three Japanese still resisting on Lubang. By 1951 a group of Japanese on Anatahan Island refused to believe that the war was over and resisted every attempt by the Navy to remove them. This group was first discovered in February 1945, when several Chamorros from Saipan were sent to the island to recover the bodies of a Saipan-based B-29. The Chamorros reported that there were about thirty Japanese survivors from three ships sunk in June 1944, one of which was an Okinawan woman. Personal aggravations developed from the close confines of a small group on a small island and from tuba drinking; among the holdouts, 6 of 11 deaths were the result of violence, and one man displayed 13 knife wounds. The presence of only one woman, Higa Kazuko, caused considerable difficulty as she would transfer her affections among at least four men after each of them mysteriously disappeared, purportedly “swallowed by the waves while fishing.” According to the more sensational versions of the Anatahan tale, 11 of the 30 navy sailors stranded on the island died due to violent struggles over her affections. In July 1950, Higa went to the beach when an American vessel appeared offshore and finally asked to be removed from the island. She was taken to Saipan aboard the Miss Susie and, upon arrival, told authorities that the men on the island did not believe the war was over. As the Japanese government showed interest in the situation on Anatahan, the families of the holdouts were contacted in Japan and urged by the Navy to write letters stating that the war was over and that the holdouts should surrender. The letters were dropped by air on June 26 and ultimately convinced the holdouts to give themselves up. Thus, six years after the end of World War II, “Operation Removal” commenced from Saipan under the command of Lt. Commander James B. Johnson, USNR, aboard the Navy Tug USS Cocopa. Johnson and an interpreter went ashore by rubber boat and formally accepted the surrender on the morning of June 30, 1951. The Anatahan femme fatale story later inspired the 1953 Japanese film Anatahan and the 1998 novel Cage on the Sea. In 1953, Murata Susumu, the last holdout on Tinian, was finally captured. The next year, on May 7, Corporal Sumada Shoichi was killed in a clash with Filipino soldiers, leaving only two Japanese still resisting on Lubang. In November 1955, Seaman Kinoshita Noboru was captured in the Luzon jungle but soon after committed suicide rather than “return to Japan in defeat.” That same year, four Japanese airmen surrendered at Hollandia in Dutch New Guinea; and in 1956, nine soldiers were located and sent home from Morotai, while four men surrendered on Mindoro. In May 1960, Sergeant Ito Masashi became one of the last Japanese to surrender at Guam after the capture of his comrade Private Minagawa Bunzo, but the final surrender at Guam would come later with Sergeant Yokoi Shoichi. Sergeant Yokoi Shoichi survived in the jungles of Guam by living for years in an elaborately dug hole, subsisting on snails and lizards, a fate that, while undignified, showcased his ingenuity and resilience and earned him a warm welcome on his return to Japan. His capture was not heroic in the traditional sense: he was found half-starving by a group of villagers while foraging for shrimp in a stream, and the broader context included his awareness as early as 1952 that the war had ended. He explained that the wartime bushido code, emphasizing self-sacrifice or suicide rather than self-preservation, had left him fearing that repatriation would label him a deserter and likely lead to execution. Emerging from the jungle, Yokoi also became a vocal critic of Japan's wartime leadership, including Emperor Hirohito, which fits a view of him as a product of, and a prisoner within, his own education, military training, and the censorship and propaganda of the era. When asked by a young nephew how he survived so long on an island just a short distance from a major American airbase, he replied simply, “I was really good at hide and seek.”  That same year, Private Kozuka Kinshichi was killed in a shootout with Philippine police in October, leaving Lieutenant Onoda Hiroo still resisting on Lubang. Lieutenant Onoda Hiroo had been on Lubang since 1944, a few months before the Americans retook the Philippines. The last instructions he had received from his immediate superior ordered him to retreat to the interior of the island and harass the Allied occupying forces until the IJA eventually returned. Despite efforts by the Philippine Army, letters and newspapers left for him, radio broadcasts, and even a plea from Onoda's brother, he did not believe the war was over. On February 20, 1974, Onoda encountered a young Japanese university dropout named Suzuki Norio, who was traveling the world and had told friends that he planned to “look for Lieutenant Onoda, a panda, and the abominable snowman, in that order.” The two became friends, but Onoda stated that he was waiting for orders from one of his commanders. On March 9, 1974, Onoda went to an agreed-upon place and found a note left by Suzuki. Suzuki had brought along Onoda's former commander, Major Taniguchi, who delivered the oral orders for Onoda to surrender. Intelligence Officer 2nd Lt. Onoda Hiroo thus emerged from Lubang's jungle with his .25 caliber rifle, 500 rounds of ammunition, and several hand grenades. He surrendered 29 years after Japan's formal surrender, and 15 years after being declared legally dead in Japan. When he accepted that the war was over, he wept openly. He received a hero's welcome upon his return to Japan in 1974. The Japanese government offered him a large sum of money in back pay, which he refused. When money was pressed on him by well-wishers, he donated it to Yasukuni Shrine. Onoda was reportedly unhappy with the attention and what he saw as the withering of traditional Japanese values. He wrote No Surrender: My Thirty-Year War, a best-selling autobiography published in 1974. Yet the last Japanese to surrender would be Private Nakamura Teruo, an Amis aborigine from Formosa and a member of the Takasago Volunteers. Private Nakamura Teruo spent the tail end of World War II with a dwindling band on Morotai, repeatedly dispersing and reassembling in the jungle as they hunted for food. The group suffered continuous losses to starvation and disease, and survivors described Nakamura as highly self-sufficient. He left to live alone somewhere in the Morotai highlands between 1946 and 1947, rejoined the main group in 1950, and then disappeared again a few years later. Nakamura hinted in print that he fled into the jungle because he feared the other holdouts might murder him. He survives for decades beyond the war, eventually being found by 11 Indonesian soldiers. The emergence of an indigenous Taiwanese soldier among the search party embarrassed Japan as it sought to move past its imperial past. Many Japanese felt Nakamura deserved compensation for decades of loyalty, only to learn that his back pay for three decades of service amounted to 68,000 yen.   Nakamura's experience of peace was complex. When a journalist asked how he felt about “wasting” three decades of his life on Morotai, he replied that the years had not been wasted; he had been serving his country. Yet the country he returned to was Taiwan, and upon disembarking in Taipei in early January 1975, he learned that his wife had a son he had never met and that she had remarried a decade after his official death. Nakamura eventually lived with a daughter, and his story concluded with a bittersweet note when his wife reconsidered and reconciled with him. Several Japanese soldiers joined local Communist and insurgent groups after the war to avoid surrender. Notably, in 1956 and 1958, two soldiers returned to Japan after service in China's People's Liberation Army. Two others who defected with a larger group to the Malayan Communist Party around 1945 laid down their arms in 1989 and repatriated the next year, becoming among the last to return home. That is all for today, but fear not I will provide a few more goodies over the next few weeks. I will be releasing some of my exclusive podcast episodes from my youtube membership and patreon that are about pacific war subjects. Like I promised the first one will be on why Emperor Hirohito surrendered. Until then if you need your fix you know where to find me: eastern front week by week, fall and rise of china, echoes of war or on my Youtube membership of patreon at www.patreon.com/pacificwarchannel.

- 聊天的人 -梵一如（ID：@梵一如）沙青青（公众号：13号埋立地）- 时间轴 -02:40 米价一年半均涨7成 日本人的心变“扎心”12:35 农林大臣失言风波反而成就小泉进次郎15:46 古米、古古米、古古古米。。。22:35 从二战GHQ分田地到持续多年的“减反政策”27:20 当年邮政今日农协，进次郎颇具“乃父风范”？40:22 储备米说成“饲料”被喷，在野党在这一局难有存在感46:33 再强调一遍：米价上涨不代表日本人穷到没饭吃54:58 “拖”字诀，石破茂面对日美贸易谈判稳坐钓鱼台- OP -@RayHan- Logo -五颜六色的大亮哥- 收听方式 -推荐您使用小宇宙app、苹果播客、喜马拉雅、网易云音乐、蜻蜓FM等平台订阅收听《东亚观察局》- 剪辑 -王俊翔、梵一如- 出品・制作 -番薯剥壳工作室（Yakimo Studio）

Josh Stevenson has been playing experimental music since the 1990s in projects like Staked Plain, Jackie-O Motherfucker, Glow worm, Bold Axis Arms, -Outhern Acific+, Magneticring, July Fourth Toilet, and Von Bingen. He also does audio mastering under the name Otic Sound. This converation was recorded on April 17th, 2025. The Anza Club is on the corner of Ontario and 8th Avenue, the home of the Australia New Zealand Association. The building was previously the Mount Pleasant Hall. In the 1990s it was home to Vancouver's weirdo and experimental music scene, but had shows both before and after that. Though the Club still exists, it only very occasionally has shows. Other venues visited: VIVO, formerly Video In, began life as The Satellite Video Exchange Society, founded in 1973. It excited in three other spaces before moving to 1965 Main Street in 1993. It moved to Kaslo street in 2014. The Glass Slipper, a legendary Vancouver jazz club at 185 E 11th Avenue, burned down. Other venues mentioned: the Malcolm Lowry Room, the Sugar Refinery, Chroma Books, Solder and Son, Ms T's Cabaret, the Press Club, Manifesto (Edmonton). Band discussed: Refrigerator, Wicker Spigot, Noggin, Blowhole, Good Horsey, Smog, Truman's Water, the Ruins, Pipe Dream, Blaise Pascal, Sun City Girls, US Maple, Wolf Eyes, Climax Golden Twins, Zumpano, Vic Chestnut, Couch, Duotron, Loscil, Matthew Shipp/Susie Ibarra/William Parker, Eyelickers, New Pornographers, Frog Eyes, Leviathans, GHQ.   This episode features the following music: Von Bingen: Eyeglasses in Kentucky from Von Bingen (2009) Magneticring: The City Lives from City (2011) Magenticring: Side B - Vancouver March 27th 2010 from All the Fluid is Floating (2012).  

アメリカンジョークで早押しクイズ。「結婚式で叔母を黙らせるには？」「ユーモアがある子はどこに行く？」「看板だけで売上を伸ばすには？」など、アメリカンジョークのオチをクイズにしました。# 179【サポーターコミュニティへの加入はこちらから！】⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://yurugengo.com/support⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠【目次】0:00 結婚式で叔母を黙らせるには？3:05 ユーモアがある子はどこに行く？4:28 看板だけで売上を増やす方法11:37 自転車を密輸していた男13:27 ジョークでテッパンの構成16:26 論理学的ジョーク18:32 子どもは家庭を明るくする22:16 討論は知識の交換。口論は？24:17 古典はどんな本？28:43 GHQって何の略？33:09 吉田茂のウィットに富んだ皮肉【参考文献】◯ドミナント戦略https://w.wiki/68VC◯Translate server errorhttps://www.reddit.com/r/engrish/comments/q1g8sh/a_restaurant_in_china_the_owner_of_this/【親チャンネル：ゆる言語学ラジオ】⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@yurugengo⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠【実店舗プロジェクト：ゆる学徒カフェ】⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@yurugakuto⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠【おたよりフォーム】⁠⁠https://forms.gle/BLEZpLcdEPmoZTH4A⁠⁠※皆様からの楽しいおたよりをお待ちしています！【お仕事依頼はこちら！】info@pedantic.jp【堀元見プロフィール】慶應義塾大学理工学部卒。専門は情報工学。WEBにコンテンツを作り散らかすことで生計を立てている。現在の主な収入源は「アカデミックに人の悪口を書くnote有料マガジン」。Twitter→⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twitter.com/kenhori2⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠noteマガジン→⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://note.com/kenhori2/m/m125fc4524aca⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠個人YouTube→⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/@kenHorimoto⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠【水野太貴プロフィール】1995年生まれ。愛知県出身。名古屋大学文学部卒。専攻は言語学。本業は雑誌編集者。著書に『きょう、ゴリラをうえたよ 愉快で深いこどものいいまちがい集 』（KADOKAWA）があるTwitter→⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twitter.com/yuru_mizuno⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

#cuttheclutter Ten days after New Delhi and Islamabad agreed to cessation of hostilities, Pakistan Army Chief General Asim Munir has been promoted to rank of field marshal. In Ep 1665 of #CutTheClutter ThePrint Editor-in-Chief Shekhar Gupta and Deputy Editor Snehesh Alex Philip discuss the newest variant of hybrid administration in Pakistan, and the false flag claim involving mention of Amritsar—which exposed the coordination between the GHQ in Rawalpindi and separatist Gurpatwant Singh Pannun. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Apply here for ThePrint School of Journalism : https://tinyurl.com/48hdbx9d

久々のお便り / 2、3年前くらいの番組BGM / 財務省解体デモって何？ / 積極財政・緊縮財政 / プライマリーバランスとは？ / 竹中平蔵さんについて / 税金は財源ではない / 財政法4条とGHQ / 財務省の権威性■ 番組への感想・お便りはこちら⁠https://bit.ly/3TK21mu⁠■ クレジットOpening Theme : Composed by WATACover Artwork : Designed by WATACG Character : Modeling & Designed by WATAEnding Theme : Composed by TAZAWA©終わりかけのRadio番組エンディングテーマ『life』⁠https://bit.ly/4aHZ1wU

Send us a textThe weather played its part in the Great War, perhaps in more ways than first imagined.  The Great War lasted over 1500 days, and over 600 saw rain on the Western Front.  The winter of 1914 saw torrential rain and temperatures drop to -10 in France, and the autumn of 1917 in Flanders saw four months' worth of rainfall in just 33 days. London's Met Office offered to help at the outbreak of war, but a terse telegram from GHQ rebuffed this offer.  However, the increased use of aircraft and poison gas quickly made senior command understand the importance of meteorology, and the Meteorological Service of the Royal Engineers soon started providing masses of valuable data.Who were these men, and what did they do? In this episode, we look at the work of "Meteor" HQ and their vital role as the war progressed. Support the podcast:https://www.buymeacoffee.com/footstepsbloghttps://www.patreon.com/footstepsofthefallen

In 1956, not-yet-famous author Kurt Vonnegut unsuccessfully attempted to publish a board game. That game, GHQ, was then stored in a box for decades until designer Geoff Engelstein read about it in a biography and began the long process of restoring this historical artifact. On today's Space-Cast!, we sit down with Geoff to discuss how GHQ traveled across time, its surprising innovations, and what it might say about Vonnegut's efforts to contextualize his wartime experiences.

Former Pakistan PM Imran Khan has been sentenced to 14 years in prison for his involvement in the Al-Qadir Trust case, which is considered his most serious conviction to date. His wife, Bushra Bibi, has been sentenced to 7 years and both have been fined. The case revolves around the misuse of funds originally seized from Malik Riaz, a prominent Pakistani businessman, by British authorities for money laundering. In Episode 1590 of #CutTheClutter, ThePrint Editor-in-Chief Shekhar Gupta looks at the Al Qadir Trust cas, key players, Khan's role along with his past convictions, and why he remains defiant as the GHQ goes after the former PM.

Reviews of Moonlight Market, Chu Han, Sweet Mess, and GHQ. Featured Review: Windmill Valley. Game discussion starts at {00:30:48}. Thank you to our sponsors: Queen Games, and Grand Gamers Guild. The post Episode 278: Windmill Valley appeared first on Blue Peg, Pink Peg Boardgaming Podcast.

Johnny Mac shares five uplifting news stories: a plane grounded for four days due to 132 escaped hamsters, a Chicago Jeremy Allen White lookalike contest winner, British research on a cancer-combatting compound from orange caterpillar fungus, a father and son's discovery of valuable historical coins in Poland, and the revival of a 1956 Kurt Vonnegut board game called GHQ. Johnny also provides information on how to listen to the show without commercials through Apple Podcasts. 00:18 Hamsters on a Plane00:57 Jeremy Allen White Lookalike Contest01:31 Cancer-Fighting Caterpillar Fungus02:14 Discovery of Historic Coins03:16 Kurt Vonnegut's Board Game RevivalUnlock an ad-free podcast experience with Caloroga Shark Media! Get all our shows on any player you love, hassle free! For Apple users, hit the banner on your Apple podcasts app. For Spotify or other players, visit caloroga.com/plus. No plug-ins needed!  You also get 20+ other shows on the network ad-free!    

SEND ME A TEXT MESSAGE NOWAs Thanksgiving approaches, we face a world in chaos, but there's still room for gratitude and hope. With significant political shifts, and the pressing need to preserve democracy, I explore the latest from Trump's administration, including Gaetz Gone! Tensions rise as Republicans brace for more showdowns over figures like RFK, and Gabbard. Will the Republicans show any backbone moving forward? A surprising legal twist has Special Counsel Jack Smith make a decision on federal charges against Trump, leaving state cases as the last bastion of legal accountability? Amidst this political maelstrom, a sliver of hope emerges from the Middle East with ongoing ceasefire talks between Israel and Hezbollah. As I navigate these turbulent times, I remind myself, and our listeners to find joy and gratitude, whether shared with family or in quiet solitude.On a brighter note, I bring you stories that uplift and inspire. The beloved Betty White will soon be immortalized by honoring her seven decades of entertainment and tireless animal advocacy. I also spotlight the remarkable AI model FAST-Glioma, revolutionizing brain tumor surgeries with its precision and speed. In a delightful twist, fans of Kurt Vonnegut can now enjoy his long-lost board game, GHQ after 70 years! I share a heartwarming tale of self sacrifice, as an Arkansas couple undertakes extraordinary efforts to rescue an abandoned  golden doodle. Plus I share more inspirational stories. Join me for an episode that balances the weight of current events with stories of hope and humanity.AWorldGoneMadPodcast@gmail.com

松本といえば真っ先に思い浮かべるのは松本城。松本は戦時中、殆ど空襲を受ける事がなかった為、松本城をはじめ多くの古い建造物が今でも残っています。現在、松本城には「国宝松本城」と書かれた碑文がありますが、これを書いた書家は戦後GHQが教育改革で習字の時間を廃止しようとした際「書は日本文化の真髄也」と主張して習字を守った、ある人物なのです・・・。

In a special edition of the podcast which marks the end of Season 6, this episode was recorded on The Old Front Line where we take a journey from the vast Etaples Military Cemetery, look at the Tank Gunnery School at Merriment, Douglas Haig and 'GHQ' at Montreuil, and then travel via a small village up to Arras and the Arras Memorial.Season 6 will continue with two more Question & Answers episodes and then after a short break the Podcast will return in early May. Got a question about this episode or any others? Drop your question into the Old Front Line Discord Server or email the podcast.Support the Show.

Folks all over the world people are using internet, social media to learn. entertain and create harmony and understanding between Nations to progress. In Pakistan the internet preachers in hundreds are making young kids stupid, radical and poor because Islam, Quran and 7th century culture can only create stupid like GHQ gang and mullahs and 45% poverty.

There is no day left which will not expose the thuggery and stupidity of 3rd Class inter pass low IQ gangsters in GHQ

In what ways is gender ideology cult-like? What are its core foundational myths, and how can concerned citizens challenge them? Today's guest, Justine Deterling, founded the LGB watchdog organization Gender Health Query to create resources for parents and educators to address these concerns. In this episode, we discuss the cult-like dynamics of gender activism influencing young people's beliefs and behaviors; debunk We also touch on the role of mental health professionals in addressing the unique needs of the LGB community amidst the growing emphasis on TQ+ issues. In its quest to “affirm” the rainbow, has the counseling profession inadvertently harmed LGB people?Justine Deterling is an LGB human rights activist with a focus on pediatric transition for gender dysphoria and its effects on youth of all orientations. She founded the medical and queer theory watchdog organization Gender Health Query in 2019, which provides extensive information on these subjects and whose members protest ideological “LGBTQ+” activists corrupting media, the health professions, and education. Gender Health Query members hope people will join them in sending the message opposing extremist gender activism is not “bigotry” but a sane response to overreach. They would like people to join them in opposing indoctrinating school children and teens into radicalization and unscientific worldviews around sex and gender. GHQ is part of a larger long-term goal to create an evidence-based, supportive organization focusing on the long-term well-being of LGB people and the wider society. Justine happily lives with her partner of 26 years.Links:Gender Health QueryParent/Educator School ResourceX @justinedeterX @thehomoarchy Facebook @theh0moarchyPrevious episodes mentioned:98. Trans to Detrans: A Graphic Novel Journey from Self-Hate to Self-Compassion, with Nicolas BloomsAll books mentioned on this podcast can be found at https://sometherapist.com/bookshop00:00 Start[00:01:37] Informational resource for parents[00:06:25] Culture war and mainstream media.[00:08:16] The dangers of demonizing others.[00:14:58] Gender Health Query.[00:17:13] Medicalization of children.[00:23:39] Abuse and its definition.[00:25:16] Cult dynamics in gender activism.[00:29:25] Gender identity in sports.[00:35:40] Egotheistic belief system.[00:36:23] Blasphemy and cult tendencies.[00:42:17] Gender dysphoria and mental health.[00:43:33] Gender activism and culture war.[00:47:29] Mental health professionals' focus shift.[00:51:57] Human nature and tribal thinking.[00:56:27] Mental health profession's impact.[01:00:34] Mental health profession concerns.[01:04:48] Detransitioning and psychology concepts.[01:07:08] Gender dysphoria and ego-dystonic denial.[01:10:57] The mental health profession's messiah complex.[01:16:37] Power dynamics in therapy.[01:19:24] Treating transgender surgeries as cosmetic.[01:21:49] Self-care and well-being. To support this show, please leave a rating & review on Apple, Spotify, or wherever you get your podcasts. Subscribe, like, comment & share via my YouTube channel. Or recommend this to a friend!Learn more about Do No Harm.Take $200 off your EightSleep Pod Pro Cover with code SOMETHERAPIST at EightSleep.com.Take 20% off all superfood beverages with code SOMETHERAPIST at Organifi.Check out my shop for book recommendations + wellness products.Show notes & transcript provided with the help of SwellAI.Special thanks to Joey Pecoraro for our theme song, “Half Awake,” used with gratitude and permission.Watch NO WAY BACK: The Reality of Gender-Affirming Care (our medical ethics documentary, formerly known as Affirmation Generation). Stream the film or purchase a DVD. Use code SOMETHERAPIST to take 20% off your order. Follow us on X @2022affirmation or Instagram at @affirmationgeneration.Have a question for me? Looking to go deeper and discuss these ideas with other listeners? Join my Locals community! Members get to ask questions I will respond to in exclusive, members-only livestreams, post questions for upcoming guests to answer, plus other perks TBD. ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

Folks World will be historically blamed ft or the destruction of Pakistan as they looked the other way when GHQ terrorists gang was destroying it.

The way GHQ 3rd class inter pass gang has conducted election, Pakistan has become. Liability for the world and dismantling and its nuclear cassettes taken away by the world. It is danger to

Folks western powers particularly US will be blamed for Pakistan's destruction because they failed to control murderous GHQ gang who is violating every law and constitution and they are looking the other way.

２０２４年２月２日金曜日。今日のテーマは、 「食糧安全保障の掛け声のもと、また農家と農協の保護ですか？政府・与党が目指す『食料・農業・農村基本法』改正の的にふかぼりたいと思います。 ゲストにキャノングローバル戦略研究所の研究主幹、山下一仁さんをお迎えし、日本の農業政策の歴史、第２次世界大戦後のGHQ主導による農地改革、５０年にわたる減反政策などについてお話を伺います。また、ウクライナ戦争などに端を発する日本の食料安全保障についての考え方などについてもお話しいただきます。 番組公式ツイッター！！「町田徹のふかぼり3兄弟」@tetsu_fukabori3をフォローして、番組に関する情報をどんどんキャッチしましょう！

Folks as I gaff said GHQ gang had lost its mind

Folks the low IQ 3rd class inter pass GHQ gangsters are totally out of their mind.

Folks everyone is victimizing Quran which has no message for 21st century like the rest of the other holy books. Instead it is being used by GHQ gangsters to kill and terrorize people and deny them any human rights.

Folks as expected GHQ is starting Iran front to start a new drama to postpone elections.

Folks there is no way Pakistan can survive. Thanks to Low IQ 3rd class inter pass GHQ property dealers.

There can not be nothing happy in Pakistan as long as we the shut of Islamic laws and GHQ gang

Pakistan is victim of Arab islam because of 3rd class inter pass GHQ gang.

The worst country in the world under GHQ gang m

Folks low IQ 3rd class inter pass GHQ gang leader Aim Minor who has added Syed and Shah drama has Benn humiliated by US administration and rightly so. He has Been clearly advised by Administration to hold free and fair election. This is like death sentence for all corrupt 200 Generals.

Folks under the evil control of low IQ Generals, Pakistan End game is bring in played right at this moment.Thanks to Allah, Mullah and GHQ.

Folks it is time the world get rid of Iranian Mullahs and Pakistan' GHQ who are harassing and killing women using Islam.

Folks low IQ 3rd class inter pass GHQ gang is acting like Mughal Kings and respect no laws or constitution.

Folks current GHQ gang leader acts Gangez Khan in 21st century..lol

Folks the world community particularly civilized countries have the responsibility to save 230 million Pakistanis from GHQ killers

【ご質問やご意見はこちら】 どうも、むく太郎です。 大好評だった師匠どやさんとの対談。リスナー様からも「もっと聴いてみたい！」という声がちらほら。 そして、実現した企画が「ラジオ版格闘塾」 今回の気になるトピックスはこちら。 【12月の課外授業】 ・我々、大好物の「都市伝説」についてお話しいただきたいと思います！ 奇跡のりんごの「木村秋則」さん曰く、ずばり「2025年」に人類を揺るがす何かが起こると言われていますが、どや塾長はどうお考えになりますか？ ご自身の経験や知っているお話がありましたら、ご紹介ください。 ・ 12月は一年の集大成となる月です。どやさんは新しい年を迎える前に必ずやることなどありますか？ぜひ教えてください。 絶望コーナー「どや塾長、日本てどういう国なんですか？」GHQについて、今月は「教育」についてお話しよろしくお願いいたします。 ・今月の一冊をご紹介ください！ さみしい夜にはペンを持て：古賀史健著 いま、お金について知っておきたい6つの教え：本田健著 どやさんについて詳しくはこちら！ 公式サイト：⁠格闘塾  ⁠ メルマガ：⁠格闘塾入魂通信⁠ Twitter：⁠どや＠格闘塾 【横田悠二さんについて詳しくはこちら！】  公式サイト：横田悠二OfficialWebsite  Twitter：横田悠二 --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/shie/message

Folks the way Low IQ 3rd class inter pass GHQ gang is running Pakistan, Its end is right on the Corner and will happen soon.

Folks Mullahs are Always a big crisis in Pakistan. They are GHQ agents and create Arab slaves who have bankrupted the country.

【ご質問やご意見はこちら】 どうも、むく太郎です。 大好評だった師匠どやさんとの対談。リスナー様からも「もっと聴いてみたい！」という声がちらほら。 そして、実現した企画が「ラジオ版格闘塾」 今回の気になるトピックスはこちら。 【11月の課外授業】 10月7日にハマスによるミサイル攻撃を発端にパレスチナとイスラエルの武力衝突が起こり、今後も戦闘が長期化するとの報道があります。 この件はどのような背景があるのでしょうか。日本への影響はありますか？ 改めて読書の良さについてお伺いしたいと思います。 最近ではAudibleなど聴く読書なども推奨していますが、どや塾長自身が読書をしていて、心から良かったと思うことを教えてください。 絶望コーナー「どや塾長、日本てどういう国なんですか？」＊GHQについてお話しよろしくお願いいたします。 今月の一冊をご紹介ください！ THE DESK リアルな「勉強机」から見えた大人の学び100のヒント：日経WOMAN 無人島、研究と冒険、半分半分。：川上和人著 どやさんについて詳しくはこちら！ 公式サイト：⁠格闘塾  ⁠ メルマガ：⁠格闘塾入魂通信⁠ Twitter：⁠どや＠格闘塾 【横田悠二さんについて詳しくはこちら！】  公式サイト：横田悠二OfficialWebsite  Twitter：横田悠二 --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/shie/message

Folks Hamas terrorists and low IQ 3rd class inter pass GHQ are same. They need to be eliminated to Dave humanity.

Folks since Pakistan was sold to Arab interest because of shit of religion Pakistan has never been winner. Thanks to low IQ inter pass GHQ gang.

#CutTheClutter #ImranKhan Former Pakistan PM Imran Khan was arrested Tuesday outside the Islamabad High Court, by the Pakistan Rangers no less. His enraged supporters subsequently attacked the ‘sacred' GHQ in Rawalpindi, presenting an unprecedented challenge for the military. Just why has Khan, once an army darling who is now openly defiant, been put behind bars, and his backers are at ‘war' with the army? Editor-in-Chief Shekhar Gupta explains in Ep 1226 of Cut The Clutter.   @sarvodayahealthcare4702 ----more----https://theprint.in/national-interest/im-not-so-dim-why-it-had-to-be-a-reckless-imran-khan-to-threaten-pakistans-establishment/1198809/

ワシントン州日本文化会館のHPhttps://www.jcccw.orgEmail addressadmin@jcccw.org

In this episode, Uzair and Amber talk about the US midterms and its impact on US politics moving forward. This includes an expert interview with Sabrina Siddiqui, who is the Wall Street Journal's report covering the White House. Also covered in the episode are the latest details that have emerged related to Arshad Sharif's murder investigation. Amber and Uzair also talk about Khan's march, which has resumed, and the change of guard at the GHQ, with General Bajwa slated to retire at the end of the month. As always, please do subscribe to the podcast and share it with your friends. Share your comments and feedback with us in the comments section or by tweeting at us @uzairyounus and @amberrshamsi. The twitter thread we mentioned can be read here: https://twitter.com/drahmedkalebi/status/1590930838077726720?s=48&t=c4T5rIEdeS_4U15IMPIKAA Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 1:17 Updates on Arshad Sharif's murder 16:50 Bajwa's retirement and Khan on the march 37:35 Midterms in the US 50:40 Interview with Sabrina Siddiqui on the US midterms 1:12:10 Inflation in Pakistan 1:20:38 Winners and Losers

小額贊助支持本節目： https://open.firstory.me/user/ck2ymcbpa2cpi0869qq23bkji 留言告訴我你對這一集的想法： https://open.firstory.me/user/ck2ymcbpa2cpi0869qq23bkji/comments 【Apple App 補給站】

＞＞【課金贊助】https://streamlabs.com/room410/ ＞＞【Patreon訂閱計劃】https://www.patreon.com/room410 【Room410 Instagram】https://www.instagram.com/room410hk/ 【Room410 Telegram】https://t.me/joinchat/hzcwWAlgK3plNDRl 【不安星期五 : 懸疑未決】 S2 032 - 22072022 主持：J、Fox、小雪 相信大家去過日本旅行都會搭過JR電車，而家既JR係民營企業，而係二戰後JR既前身日本國有鐵道係日本國營機構，而今集我地講既case就係發生係二戰結束初期，而慘案既受害者正正係當年既日本國鐵總裁，一個大型國企總裁最後落係鐵路路軌曝屍既下場，屍首仲要係分散一地….究竟佢因為咩原因而走上絕路，而調查越深入就漸漸發現事件有可能牽涉駐日美軍司令部，當中更加跟當年既國際關係有關，究竟當中既真相係點樣既呢？我地同大家慢慢分析呢單奇案！ 歡迎留言提供案情，一齊講下有咩兇手未抓到… 我地繼續每星期為大家帶嚟世界各地唔同既奇案故事 星期五晚10點，繼續懸疑未決 0:00 intro 3:25 前言(香港電影金像獎、怒火) 58:48 下山神秘命案(I) 1:30:27 下山神秘命案(II) 2:07:00 下山神秘命案(III) 3:24:51 下山神秘命案(IV)

officialゆと男dism大活躍時代、受験のピリつきから脱した人たち、友達づくりはルフィーを見習え（仮）、背が高いガールのお悩みとラブコンとなぜかGHQ　など。ぜひ聞いてみてくださいね〜！ 〜お礼〜 ポッドキャストアワードリスナーズチョイスへ投票してくれた方、本当にありがとうございました。一つ一つのコメントがとても嬉しくて超蝶々うれしかったです。マイポッドキャストアワードとかも嬉しかったな。これまで一度もノミネートにならず毎回発表の時期には少しばかり胸がチクッとしますが、大事なのはそこじゃない！これからも楽しく続けるZ！

JOE THOMAS, author of BRAZILIAN PSYCHO chats to DAVID PEACE about his new novel TOKYO REDUX, the final part of his Tokyo trilogy, also why David's fiction focuses on real events, how his writing has developed over the years, key influences such as Derek Raymond and Jean-Patrick Manchette, crime fiction as social critique and living in Tokyo. TOKYO REDUX Tokyo, 1949, President Shimoyama, Head of the National Railways of Japan, goes missing just a day after serving notice of 30,000 job losses. In the midst of the US Occupation, against the backdrop of widespread social, political and economic reforms - as tensions and confusion reign - American Detective Harry Sweeney leads the missing person's investigation for General MacArthur's GHQ.1964 - as the city prepares for the 1964 Olympics, Hideki Murota, a former policeman, now a private investigator, is given a case which forces him to go back to confront a time, a place and a crime he's been hiding from for the past fifteen years.In the autumn and winter of 1988, as the Emperor Showa is dying, Donald Reichenbach, an aging American, eking out a living teaching and translating, sits drinking by the Shinobazu Pond in Ueno, knowing the final reckoning of the greatest mystery of the Showa Era is down to him. DAVID PEACE was born and brought up in Yorkshire. He is the author of the Red Riding Quartet (Nineteen Seventy Four, Nineteen Seventy Seven, Nineteen Eighty and Nineteen Eighty Three) which has been adapted into a three part Channel 4 series, GB84 which was awarded the James Tait Black Memorial Award, and The Damned Utd, the film version of which was adapted by Peter Morgan and stars Michael Sheen). Tokyo Year Zero, the first part of his acclaimed Tokyo Trilogy, was published in 2007, the second part, Occupied City, in 2009, and TOKYO REDUX in 2021. JOE THOMAS is the author of the São Paulo Quartet - Paradise City, Gringa, Playboy and Brazilian Psycho - and Bent, his first London novel.Crime Time This episode produced by Junkyard DogMusic courtesy of Southgate and Leigh

Seat of Crown administration since the twelfth century, and still bearing the physical scars of the 1916 Rising, during the War of Independence Dublin was also GHQ of the IRA and the location of the underground Dáil administration.   To find out how the conflict played out between the two sides join History Ireland editor, Tommy Graham, in discussion with Donal Fallon, John Gibney, Liz Gillis and Padraig Yeates. This podcast is supported by the National Library of Ireland as part of the Dublin Festival of History Photo Credit: Custom House ablaze, 25th May 1921. W. D. Hogan. National Library of Ireland.

For the past two decades multi-instrumentalist Marcia Bassett has been at the forefront of the underground noise and improv scene. Since her early days with the band Un she has amassed a prolific output with her bands Hototogisu, GHQ, and Double Leopards as well as collaborations with Samara Lubelski, Barry Weisblat and Andrew Lafkas. Under the name Zaïmph, her long-running solo project, she has just released the gorgeous and ambitious double LP “Rhizomatic Gaz” on Drawing Room Records. Marcia is a true underground hero and is a pleasure to speak with.