Podcasts about Far East

Three stories on a faster, more digital, and cautiously expanding cruise industry. The Port of Vancouver has processed its one millionth cruise passenger through facial biometrics, cutting per-passenger screening from minutes to about 10 seconds and embarkation from two hours to 30. Carnival Cruise Line completes its rollout of Konami's SYNKROS casino system — branded SURF onboard — across all 29 ships, enabling cashless wagering and personalized rewards. And Vladivostok resumes cruise calls after a six-year pause, as South Korea's Eastern Cruise brings the Eastern Venus to Russia's Far East on a Busan roundtrip.

Far East Taste 017 Show: Far East Taste Artist: You Liang Air Date: 20 June 2026 Genre: Dance & EDM / Melodic House / Melodic Techno / Dance / Pop / Techno Far East Taste 017 introduces a new format for the series, giving the episode more structure while still keeping the core Far East Taste flow. The set moves freely across melodic, progressive, tech-driven, festival-facing, and vocal-led sounds, without being tied to one fixed genre. The focus is on building a journey that feels natural in the moment, moving between deeper melodic tension, bigger club energy, and emotional peak-time moments. The episode features music from Noana, Eemeli Repo, Dennis Sheperd, Woo York, Adem Bogoceli, Darude, Jay Hardway, HORATIO, Freak The Disco, and more, alongside several You Liang-related tracks and IDs. The later section brings in my own productions, including “You've Got Me” and “Feel Addicted,” adding a personal studio-focused stretch to the mix. The final minutes close with a tribute to Oliver Tree following his passing, alongside a few pop-leaning tracks that I felt belonged in the moment. It is a looser and more personal ending, stepping outside strict club-programming logic to end the episode with something familiar, emotional, and human. Tracklist: 1. Noana, Eemeli Repo - Push 2. DJ Leslieson - The Rhythm Is All You Need 3. Dennis Sheperd x Daniel Simon x Luke Coulson - Rescue Me (Aldor Remix) 4. Woo York - Lightfall 5. Adem Bogoceli - Wild Water (Radio Edit) 6. Darude - Sandstorm (Terry Golden Remix - Radio Edit) 7. Jay Hardway - Lights Out (Radio Edit) 8. Anton By - Let Me Fall 9. Jules Brand ft. ANTICALM - The Moment (Radio Edit) 10. HORATIO & PEEJAY VINCENT & ALEX IOVITA - The Choli Song 11. Freak The Disco, You Liang - ID 12. Alcazar - CRYING AT THE DISCOTEQUE (Matned Edit) 13. David Givens - Ghost 14. Asaba - Winner 15. Cristian Marchi - Summer Is Magic (feat. Solea) 16. You Liang - You've Got Me (Radio Edit) 17. You Liang - Feel Addicted 18. Robin Schulz, Oliver Tree - Miss You (Bonus Track) Originally broadcast on Data Transmission Radio. Listen live and explore the archive: https://radio.datatransmission.co

GB2RS News Sunday the 21st of June 2026 The news headlines: The RSGB QSL Bureau issues final notice on the use of the old address The RSGB Intruder Watch team is looking for volunteers Join the RSGB in commemorating the closure of BBC Radio 4's Long Wave service on 198kHz The RSGB QSL Bureau has issued a final notice to those still using the old QSL Bureau address. A new system was introduced in January 2026 and users of the Bureau were advised that all outgoing QSL cards now need to be sent to RSGB QSL Bureau, PO Box 73, 20 St. Loyes Street, Bedford, MK40 1ZL. Anything sent to the old address from Wednesday the 1st of July 2026 will either be returned by Royal Mail, where the address is known, or otherwise is likely to be lost or destroyed. Details of the new RSGB QSL Service can be found at rsgb.org/qsl  The RSGB would also like to remind amateurs with G7 callsigns that the new sub-manager is Anthony Holles, G4AAV. Anthony has many cards waiting to be sent but has received very few stamped addressed envelopes, so please make contact with him if you wish to receive your cards. Contact details for all sub-managers can be found by selecting ‘List of QSL sub-managers' from the right-hand menu on the QSL Bureau web pages. The RSGB Monitoring System, more popularly known as Intruder Watch, is a service that monitors the primary amateur service allocations. The team reports any unauthorised transmissions to the IARU Intruder Watch team and, where appropriate, Ofcom. The RSGB Intruder Watch Coordinator Ian Suart, GM4AUP is looking for volunteers to assist the team with this important service. You would monitor the amateur allocations as required and pass any concerns to Ian. If you'd like to find out more, contact Ian at iw@rsgb.org.uk The RSGB, together with the BBC Amateur Radio Group, will be marking the closure of BBC Radio 4's Long Wave service on 198kHz. The Long Wave transmitting stations at Droitwich in Worcestershire, Westerglen near Stirling in Scotland and Burghead overlooking the Moray Firth also in Scotland, will all be closed down on Saturday the 27th of June 2026. The special event station GB1500M will be active from today, Sunday the 21st, until Sunday the 28th of June. Three radio clubs will also be commemorating the closure by activating special callsigns. A commemorative QSL card is available. You can find out more by going to rsgb.org/longwave-transmitters  You can also find out how to become a GB1500M activator using the same link. Ham Radio 2026 takes place in Friedrichshafen this week from the 26th to the 28th of June. For the first time ever, the event will bring together amateur radio and astronomy in a single platform as the Astro trade fair will take place alongside the Ham Radio exhibition. The opening event will provide information on current developments in amateur radio and the many connections between radio technology and astronomy, which are central to this year's trade show focus. RSGB President Bob Beebe, GU4YOX is one of the guest speakers at the opening event. He will speak about the collaboration between DARC and the RSGB in providing an updated QSL Bureau Service for RSGB members – an innovative project that brings amateur radio together across borders. If you're going to Friedrichshafen this year, why not come along to the RSGB stand and say hello – the team would love to see you! International Women in Engineering Day is on Tuesday the 23rd of June and has the theme of Engineering Intelligence. The day is an opportunity to recognise the women engineers who solve complex challenges and help drive change. STEM subjects, which include engineering, can be an effective way for the RSGB to introduce amateur radio to new audiences and young people. The RSGB has supported this day over a number of years and has interviewed women to find out how amateur radio has helped them in their STEM careers. You can read these profiles by going to rsgb.org/inwed The RSGB Youth Committee has announced that a fourth person will be joining the RSGB team at this year's YOTA Summer Camp in Austria. Henry, M0KUQ is an active radio amateur and was recently involved in re-forming the Imperial College London Wireless Society, of which he is President. You can find out more about Henry, as well as the rest of the team, by going to rsgb.org/yota-camp  and selecting YOTA Austria 2026 from the right-hand menu. And finally, don't forget to listen out for all the amateur stations that will be on the air for International Museums on the Air today, the 21st of June. For more information about the event visit tinyurl.com/imota2026 Please note that the submission deadline for the GB2RS News on Sunday the 28th of June is earlier than usual. Please send details of all your news and events to radcom@rsgb.org.uk by 12pm on Tuesday the 23rd of June. And now for details of rallies and events Today, the 21st of June, the East Suffolk Wireless Revival, also known as the Ipswich Radio Rally, will be held at Kirton Recreation Ground, Back Road, Kirton IP10 0PW. The doors open at 9.30am and the entry fee for visitors is £3. More details are available at eswr.org.uk On Sunday the 28th of June, the Cornish Radio Amateur Club Rally will take place at Penair School in Truro. The doors open at 10.15am and admission costs £3. Traders, bring and buy and refreshments will be available on site. For bookings contact James on 01209 716 351 or email janluke1954@hotmail.co.uk Now the Special Event news Herts and Essex Amateur Radio Society will be active with the callsign GB0MHF during International Museums on the Air on Saturday the 27th and Sunday the 28th of June. Operators at Much Hadham Forge will be waiting to take your call on 40m SSB and 2m FM. See QRZ.com  for more information. Special callsign YR100RC is on the air until the 30th of September to celebrate 100 years of amateur radio activity in Romania. Look for activity on the HF bands using a variety of modes. For details of a certificate that is available for working the station, visit tinyurl.com/romania1786 Marking the 70th anniversary of the DARC's weekly news broadcast, special callsign DB70DLRS will be on the air until the 31st of December. Look for activity on all bands and modes. QSL via DK5ON, Logbook of the World and the DARC Community Logbook. More information is available at QRZ.com Now the DX news Olafur, TF1OL is active as D4OL from Boa Vista Island, AF-086, in Cape Verde until tomorrow, the 22nd.  Look for activity using FT8 and FT4 on the 80 to 6m bands. QSOs will be uploaded to Logbook of the World and QRZ.com Chas, NK8O is operating as 5H3DX from Tanzania until Thursday the 2nd of July. He is active using CW, FT8 and FT4 on the 40 to 6m bands. QSL via Logbook of the World or directly to NK8O. Now the contest news Today, the 21st of June, the Worked All Britain 50MHz Phone Contest runs from 0800 to 1400UTC. Using SSB on the 6m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and Worked All Britain square. The All Asian DX Contest started at 0000UTC yesterday, the 20th, and ends at 2359UTC today, Sunday the 21st of June. Using CW on the 160 to 10m bands, where contests are permitted, the exchange is signal report and your age. The RSGB 50MHz Trophy Contest started at 1400UTC yesterday, the 20th, and ends at 1400UTC today, Sunday the 21st of June. Using all modes on the 6m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. On Tuesday the 23rd of June, the RSGB SHF UK Activity Contest runs from 1830 to 2130UTC. Using all modes on 2.3 to 10GHz frequencies, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. On Thursday the 25th of June, the RSGB 80m SSB Club Championship runs from 1900 to 2030UTC. Using SSB on the 80m band, the exchange is signal report and serial number. On Sunday the 28th, the UK Microwave Group High Band Contest runs from 0800 to 1700UTC. Using all modes on 5.7 and 10GHz frequencies, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. Also, on, Sunday the 28th of June, the RSGB 50MHz CW Contest runs from 0900 to 1200UTC. Using CW on the 6m band, the exchange is signal report, serial number and locator. Now the radio propagation report, compiled by G0KYA, G3YLA and G4BAO on Thursday the 18th of June 2026. We had a quiet week geomagnetically, but the solar flux has also declined. Over the past week, the Kp index never rose above 2 or 3, with only one three-hour excursion to 5 on Thursday the 11th of June. This bodes well for HF propagation, but the solar flux index has declined from its recent high of 148 on Thursday the 4th of June to be in the 110 to 120 range over the past week. As a result, the Sun is looking a little sparse when it comes to sunspots. This, coupled with the summer doldrums, has seen maximum useable frequencies, or MUFs, drop and DX has been limited to 21MHz and below. The 10m band has been mainly open to Sporadic-E, with some multi-hop openings giving the appearance of F2-region propagation at times. DX to be worked over the coming week includes: D44EC from Cape Verde; PJ2/PH2M from Curacao; 3G0YM on Easter Island; FS/K9EL operating from St Martin; 5R8EC from Madagascar; and OX3LX working from Greenland. Next week, NOAA predicts that the solar flux index may increase slightly to be in the 130 to 140 range, although this will need some new additional sunspots. Geomagnetic conditions are forecast to be quiet with a maximum Kp index of 2. We may see a slight upturn on Tuesday the 23rd of June, when the Kp index is predicted to rise to 4, mainly due to an enhanced solar wind. To recap, Summer is a time when paradoxically daytime maximum useable frequencies, or MUFs, tend to be lower than in autumn and winter. However, nighttime MUFs can be higher, with the potential for the 30 and 20m bands to be open all night. ARRL Field Day will run from 1800UTC on Saturday the 27th of June to 2100UTC on Sunday the 28th of June. This may be an opportunity to work some US portable stations who will be very pleased to contact you. And now the VHF and up propagation news from G3YLA and G4BAO The weather models are a bit undecided about how the coming week will evolve. One option is for predominantly high pressure and a chance of some summer tropo, which may persist over the sea, but is limited inland by daytime heating.  Tropo operators should focus on nighttime conditions, unless located right on the coasts. The other weather model suggests that low pressure will probably win out over northern areas and occasionally in the south, so rain scatter may be likely and it would need some heavy thundery showers to get the best results.  High summer is not the best for aurora. The Kp index ideally needs to be at least above 5 before we can get excited. Meteor scatter operators have been making use of the decaying Arietids from earlier in June. The second shower of interest this month is the June Bootids. The window of activity will be from tomorrow, the 22nd, to Thursday the 2nd of July with the peak on Saturday the 27th of June. The Sporadic-E season is progressing with most days offering something from the 10 and 6m bands within Europe. However, there are limited possibilities on the 2m band. As usual, digital modes will be the first to see results, so use the FT8 paths as a guide for the other modes which should follow as the Sporadic-E intensifies. Multi-hop paths do happen regularly but require beams and a lot of luck for several Sporadic-E patches to align. This means the best policy will be listening at the right time. This is in the morning for the paths to the Far East and in the evening for those to the States and Caribbean. EME now and Moon declination is decreasing again, going negative today, the 21st, with path losses rising now the Moon is past perigee. This means shortening Moon windows and lower peak Moon elevation as the week progresses. 144MHz sky temperature is low, rising to moderate by Friday the 26th of June. And that's all from the propagation team this week.

Last fall, I traveled to Oman for the World Inclusive Sailing Championships. It was an incredible experience. The inaugural event brought together many of the best adaptive sailors in the world, all competing to be world champion in one of three different classes – the RS venture connect - a two person boat, the Hansa 303 - a one person boat, and the Far East with three visually impaired sailors and three sighted sailors per boat.  Beyond the racing and crowning world champions, the event had a larger mission: to showcase the skill, passion, and level of competition of the international parasailing community, in an effort to get sailing back into the Paralympics after it was dropped following the 2016 Rio Games. Over 100 sailors from 36 different countries competed. In addition to enjoying the wonderful warmth of the Omani people, culture, landscape and weather, and mixing it up on the racecourse, my highlight was meeting the other sailors from around the world. In the quiet moments in between racing and exploring, I spoke with three of them to hear their stories.Guest info:@pintobp05Additional Resources:https://www.sailing.org/world-sailing-inclusion-championships/Contact us: Instagram: @unexpectedjourneypodEmail: tim@unexpectedjourneypod.com Hosted and produced by Tim BrownEditing and sound design by Louis ArevaloOriginal theme music by Jesse LaFountaineEpisode cover art by Lewis Falconer Cover art and logo design by Anne Holt and Lewis Falconer

In Memory of Les Frazier - Far East

2026-06-14 | UPDATES #214 | The Institute for the Study of War has formalised the analytical framework that explains why the campaign is achieving its current operational tempo. ISW's June 2026 analysis, as cited by the AP wire reporting: the long-range strike campaign is therefore reducing Russia's production capacity, while the midrange strike campaign is hurting Russia's ability to transport the gasoline Russia is still able to produce.This is what that doctrine means operationally. Long-range strikes — like the 1,500-kilometre reach to Salavat in Bashkortostan, the 1,700-km reach demonstrated against southern Russian targets, the Kotovo and Saratov-region pumping nodes — destroy production capacity. The refinery cannot be quickly rebuilt. The AVT units take months to replace. The destroyed production is gone from the market for the duration of the rebuild.----------SUPPORT THE CHANNEL:https://www.buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtainhttps://www.patreon.com/siliconcurtainhttps://www.gofundme.com/f/scaling-up-campaign-to-fight-authoritarian-disinformation----------ACTIVE CAMPAIGN:We are raising funds for 5 of 15 Vampire DronesSilicon Curtain for Kupiansk Vampires. Dzyga's Paw, together with Jonathan Fink, is joining forces to raise $40,000 to provide the Khartiia Brigade with Vampire Drones.https://dzygaspaw.com/silicon-curtain-for-kupiansk-vampiresThese heavy bombers are designed to destroy manpower and equipment, as well as for remote mining. The Vampire UAV, manufactured by Skyfall, has proven itself to be one of the most effective weapons in the Kupiansk direction. Skyfall is one of Ukraine's largest defense tech companies, producing Vampire bomber drones, various modifications of Shrike FPV drones, P1-SUN, Shahed drone interceptors, communication systems, and components.----------PLEASE HELP ME ME TO GROW SILICON CURTAINWe are planning our events for 2026, and to do more and have a greater impact. After achieving more than 12 events in 2025, we will aim to double that! 24 events and interviews on the ground in Ukraine, to push back against weaponized information, toxic propaganda and corrosive disinformation. Please help us make it happen!----------SOURCES:Associated Press via US News & World Report — "Ukraine Hits Fuel Supplies to Crimea, Sparking a Fuel Crisis on the Russian-Held Peninsula" (11 June 2026) Washington Times via AP — "Ukraine strikes fuel supplies to Crimea, sparking a fuel crisis on the Russian-held peninsula" (12 June 2026) The Moscow Times — "Annexed Crimea's Largest Gas Station Chain Suspends Fuel Vouchers as Shortage Worsens" (1 June 2026) AP via AOL — "Parts of Russia run dry as Ukraine's drone strikes hit oil refineries" — Far East and Crimea most affected; A-95 ~50% above January levels on St Petersburg Mercantile Exchange; Primorye 78 rubles/liter; online resellers 220 rubles/liter; Kuril Islands A-92 halt; Crimea coupon-only sales; gas-station rationing landscapeKyiv Post — "Ukraine Marks Russia Day With Massive Drone Raid on Key Oil Refineries in Tatarstan and Samara" (12 June 2026)Kyiv Post — "Deep Pipeline Strike: Ukraine's Drone Campaign Cripples Vital Volgograd Oil Hub" (13 June 2026)Ukrinform — "War | Daily situation report" (13 June 2026) Kyiv Independent — "Ukraine strikes Russia's oil depot, radar station, other military targets, General Staff confirms" (10 June 2026)BBC Verify / BBC Russian — "Surge in Ukrainian attacks on oil refineries sparks Russian fuel shortages" (2025-2026) Kyiv Independent — "Key Russian oil pipeline node hit in massive Ukrainian drone barrage" (May 2026) Reuters / Yahoo via AOL — "Russia's Saratov oil refinery erupts in flames as Ukraine drone attacks intensify" (May 2026)----------

Silicon Bites Ep351 | 2026-06-14 | OUT OF GAS: Russia Day 2026 Arrived with Empty Pumps, a 230-Drone Raid That Destroyed Samara's Kuibyshev Refinery, the Worst Crimean Fuel Crisis Since the 2014 Annexation, and a War That Has Stopped Being Something Russians Could Ignore. Happy Russia Day, swamp empire. Your days are numbered, as are those of the killer Putin. Breaking: 11–13 June 2026 — The Crimea fuel crisis hits its tourist-season inflection point on Russia Day; Ukraine's Russia Day raid lands 230 drones on Samara, Tatarstan, and Tolyatti and destroys AVT-4 and AVT-5 at the Kuibyshev refinery; the 13 June Kotovo and Tamanneftegas strikes extend the campaign into the Volgograd pumping network and the southern LPG export terminals; the Institute for the Study of War describes the dual-strike doctrine — and Russia's army runs out of momentum at the same moment its fuel system runs dry.----------SUPPORT THE CHANNEL:https://www.buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtainhttps://www.patreon.com/siliconcurtainhttps://www.gofundme.com/f/scaling-up-campaign-to-fight-authoritarian-disinformation----------SILICON CURTAIN LIVE EVENTS - FUNDRAISER CAMPAIGN Events in 2025 - Advocacy for a Ukrainian victory with Silicon Curtainhttps://buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtain/extrasOur events of the first half of the year in Lviv, Kyiv and Odesa were a huge success. Now we need to maintain this momentum, and change the tide towards a Ukrainian victory. The Silicon Curtain Roadshow is an ambitious campaign to run a minimum of 12 events in 2025, and potentially many more. Any support you can provide for the fundraising campaign would be gratefully appreciated. https://buymeacoffee.com/siliconcurtain/extras----------SOURCES:Associated Press via US News & World Report — "Ukraine Hits Fuel Supplies to Crimea, Sparking a Fuel Crisis on the Russian-Held Peninsula" (11 June 2026) Washington Times via AP — "Ukraine strikes fuel supplies to Crimea, sparking a fuel crisis on the Russian-held peninsula" (12 June 2026) The Moscow Times — "Annexed Crimea's Largest Gas Station Chain Suspends Fuel Vouchers as Shortage Worsens" (1 June 2026) AP via AOL — "Parts of Russia run dry as Ukraine's drone strikes hit oil refineries" — Far East and Crimea most affected; A-95 ~50% above January levels on St Petersburg Mercantile Exchange; Primorye 78 rubles/liter; online resellers 220 rubles/liter; Kuril Islands A-92 halt; Crimea coupon-only sales; gas-station rationing landscapeKyiv Post — "Ukraine Marks Russia Day With Massive Drone Raid on Key Oil Refineries in Tatarstan and Samara" (12 June 2026)Kyiv Post — "Deep Pipeline Strike: Ukraine's Drone Campaign Cripples Vital Volgograd Oil Hub" (13 June 2026)Ukrinform — "War | Daily situation report" (13 June 2026) Kyiv Independent — "Ukraine strikes Russia's oil depot, radar station, other military targets, General Staff confirms" (10 June 2026)BBC Verify / BBC Russian — "Surge in Ukrainian attacks on oil refineries sparks Russian fuel shortages" (2025-2026) Kyiv Independent — "Key Russian oil pipeline node hit in massive Ukrainian drone barrage" (May 2026) Reuters / Yahoo via AOL — "Russia's Saratov oil refinery erupts in flames as Ukraine drone attacks intensify" (May 2026)----------

Strictly original recipe! Groove and Static serve up Far East fire from Ji-Young Moon, a big band nod to Dilla and Frederick's electrifying "Move On". Plus 2 tasty sample moments along with a deep Ahmad Jamal meditation by 45trio and the ultimate old school anthem from Rob Base. View the full playlist for this show at https://www.wefunkradio.com/show/1297 Enjoying WEFUNK? Listen to all of our mixes at https://www.wefunkradio.com/shows/

It is freezing cold in Sydney, but the fishing and boating chat is heating up! In this week's episode, Grant and Alan cover everything from massive northern catches and high-speed yacht deliveries to essential winter safety tips and the latest political battles over our marine parks.Here is what you will find in this episode:

The Ellington band's State Department tour in the fall of 1963 provided the inspiration for the pieces he and Billy Strayhorn composed that was originally titled “Impressions of the Far East” and later retitled the far east suite.

Interview starts at 31:25   Interstellar Contact, Taoism, and the Future of Humanity with Monk Yun-Roe Explore the intriguing intersection of Taoist philosophy, extraterrestrial life, and personal transformational experiences with Monk Yun-Roe. Discover how ancient wisdom aligns with modern UFO phenomena and the potential future of human evolution. Introduction: In this episode, Monk Yun-Roe shares his journey from a Hollywood screenwriter to a Taoist monk, his visionary experiences involving alien contact, and insights on humanity's evolution and cosmic interconnectedness. Why understanding ancient philosophies and embracing the unknown can shape our future. The Author: Yun Rou has been called the "Zen Gabriel Garcia-Marquez" for his works of magical realism.  Born Arthur Rosenfeld in New York City, he received his academic background at Yale University, Cornell University, and the University of California and was officially ordained a Taoist monk in Guangzhou, PRC.  His award-winning non-fiction works on Taoism bridge science, spirituality, and philosophy, while his novels have been optioned for film in both Hollywood and Asia.  Yun Rou lives in the American Southwest with his wife.  He is an international teacher of Tai Chi and Daoism and travels frequently in the Far East. https://a.co/d/0fDNXvXl monkyunrou.com  Main Topics: The connection between Taoism and interstellar contact Personal visionary experiences involving ET and cosmic consciousness The concept of ontological shock and its global relevance Humanity's potential for evolution and the possibility of collective non-corporeal existence The role of conflict, interconnectedness, and consciousness in our evolution Updates on Monk Yun-Roe's 1990s book and its prophetic parallels with current events The importance of integrated holistic practices like Tai Chi for health and longevity The ongoing dialogue about alien interference, government secrecy, and future contact Key Insights: Ancient Taoist principles may offer a framework for understanding contact with extraterrestrial civilizations. Monk Yun-Roe experienced a profound visionary coma, where he was shown humanity's future in a vessel teeming with life, suggesting our evolution may lead to non-physical existence. The concept of ontological shock is a shared experience across cultures and might be a universal trigger for cosmic awakening. Tai Chi and Chinese medicine exemplify how spiraling energy flow can enhance health and align us with universal rhythms, possibly echoing cosmic principles. Our current era mirrors a cyclical pattern of crises, requiring global evolution amidst universal risks. The mysterious re-emergence of Monk Yun-Roe's early work hints at messages or messages embedded in the universe's unfolding narrative.   Become a Lord or Lady with 1k donations over time. And a Noble with any donation. Leave Serfdom behind and help Grimerica stick to 0 ads and sponsors and fully listener supported. Thanks for listening!! 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The Far East Magazine is published 8 times a year by St Columbans Mission Society. It features articles and photographs by Columban Missionaries from those countries where the missionaries work. The magazine was originally launched to promote mission interest in Catholic homes in Australia and New Zealand. The Far East Magazine is a major fundraiser for Columban Missionaries and was first published in Australia on 15th October, 1920. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

We cannot give in to hopelessness or be overtaken by the darkness around us. We need to do something. That something could be just like “grandma's mite”. That's good enough, I believe. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

The Far East Magazine is published 8 times a year by St Columbans Mission Society. It features articles and photographs by Columban Missionaries from those countries where the missionaries work. The magazine was originally launched to promote mission interest in Catholic homes in Australia and New Zealand. The Far East Magazine is a major fundraiser for Columban Missionaries and was first published in Australia on 15th October, 1920. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

The Far East Magazine is published 8 times a year by St Columbans Mission Society. It features articles and photographs by Columban Missionaries from those countries where the missionaries work. The magazine was originally launched to promote mission interest in Catholic homes in Australia and New Zealand. The Far East Magazine is a major fundraiser for Columban Missionaries and was first published in Australia on 15th October, 1920. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

That experience continues to inspire me today, reminding me that mission work is not just about programs or plans, but about being present, listening and allowing God to work through the unexpected encounters that shape our journey. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

The Far East Magazine is published 8 times a year by St Columbans Mission Society. It features articles and photographs by Columban Missionaries from those countries where the missionaries work. The magazine was originally launched to promote mission interest in Catholic homes in Australia and New Zealand. The Far East Magazine is a major fundraiser for Columban Missionaries and was first published in Australia on 15th October, 1920. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

The Far East Magazine is published 8 times a year by St Columbans Mission Society. It features articles and photographs by Columban Missionaries from those countries where the missionaries work. The magazine was originally launched to promote mission interest in Catholic homes in Australia and New Zealand. The Far East Magazine is a major fundraiser for Columban Missionaries and was first published in Australia on 15th October, 1920. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

For me, this experience was embodied in sharing the experience of Jesus and, above all, the joy of the risen Christ. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

The Far East Magazine is published 8 times a year by St Columbans Mission Society. It features articles and photographs by Columban Missionaries from those countries where the missionaries work. The magazine was originally launched to promote mission interest in Catholic homes in Australia and New Zealand. The Far East Magazine is a major fundraiser for Columban Missionaries and was first published in Australia on 15th October, 1920. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

The Far East Magazine is published 8 times a year by St Columbans Mission Society. It features articles and photographs by Columban Missionaries from those countries where the missionaries work. The magazine was originally launched to promote mission interest in Catholic homes in Australia and New Zealand. The Far East Magazine is a major fundraiser for Columban Missionaries and was first published in Australia on 15th October, 1920. The Far East podcast is narrated by Fr Reg Howard. Subscribe to the Far East magazine at https://goo.gl/5ukmQX

What happens on a layover - rarely stays there!When a crew have a crazy Christmas trip, far away from home, they think that their antics stay just between them... But they forget that the cameras are always watching, and everyone knows who the cabin crew are and who they work for!Find out what happened on this outrageous trip to the Far East in the latest episode of The Red Eye - where we turn the true stories of the lives of flight attendants, pilots and their passengers into fun, fictional short audio stories.Music Credits for Caught on CCTVAddict (Instrumental) – NEFFEXLonely Man – Alex HamlinSound Effects by freesound_community from Pixabay  Sound Design by Ally MurphySend us a text! If you'd like a reply, please leave an email or numberWe would really appreciate it if you take 1 minute to leave a quick review. It really helps our podcast become more visible on all the platforms so we can reach more people! Thank you.Support the showThe Red Eye Podcast is written by Kaylie Kay, and produced and narrated by Ally Murphy.To subscribe to the monthly newsletter and keep up to date with news, visit www.theredeyepod.com. Or find us on Facebook, YouTube, TikTok & Instagram @theredeyepod, for behind the scenes stories and those funny short stories that only take a minute or less!If you'd like to support the podcast you can "buy us a beer" and subscribe at https://www.buzzsprout.com/2310053/support, we'd be happy to give you a shout out on our newsletter!Ally Murphy is a former flight attendant, and a British voice over artist based in the USA, visit www.allymurphy.co.ukKaylie Kay is a flight attendant and author based in the UK. You can find more of her work at www.kayliekaywrites.comTo buy The Red Eye's first book click on the following links:Amazon UKAmazon USABarnes and NobleOther E Book Platforms

#422 In this podcast episode, Guy talked with Dr. Carol Talbot about expanding human potential beyond conditioning and limited beliefs, drawing on "Life and Teaching of the Masters of the Far East," which describes Himalayan masters demonstrating phenomena like walking on water, prana nourishment, and teleportation. Carol said distorted DNA and programming limit consciousness, describing DNA as a transmitter/receiver and comparing it to a film strip that shapes perceived reality. She discussed her background in quantum morphogenetic physics, her Breatharian "source feeding" research, darkroom retreats, and firewalking instruction, plus a model of accessing the quantum/multidimensional field as bandwidth.  Carol explained her multidimensional field scans, entrainment audio series (coherence, resonance, alignment, embodiment, and threshold), and the role of stillness, rest, and identity shifts in changing one's "timeline." They also covered resilience amid external chaos, perception as projection, playfulness, and Guy's experience of his daughter sticking coins to a wall as a lesson in not forcing outcomes. About Dr. Carol: Dr. Carol Talbot is a global thought leader in multidimensional intelligence, human potential, and consciousness technology. With a PhD in Quantum Morphogenetic Physics and decades of experience as a keynote speaker, author, and transformational guide, she is the creator of The Possibility Hub and a pioneer in BioRegenesis of the Human DNA Blueprint.  Known for bridging the worlds of science and mysticism, Dr Carol has spent her life activating timelines of remembrance, helping people reclaim their original blueprint beyond the limits of programming, trauma, or linear conditioning. Her work integrates quantum science and embodied mastery to support deep rewiring of perception, energy, and DNA.  Through tools like the Multi-Dimensional Field Scan, Resonance Frequency Mapping, and Mastery Frequency Maps, she offers precision reflections for those ready to live from coherence, sovereignty, and purpose. Key Points Discussed:  (00:00) - What Is Your Signal Actually Saying? The Hidden Science of Our True Potential! (01:02) - Why Guy's Podcast Views Suddenly Collapsed… Then Exploded (03:00) - Scientists Witnessing Masters Walk on Water Changed Everything (04:00) - Teleportation, Prana & The "Impossible" Abilities of Ancient Masters (05:00) - Why Humanity Has Forgotten What We're Truly Capable Of (06:00) - Childhood Flying Dreams & the Search for Hidden Human Potential (07:18) - A Month Learning to Walk on Water… and Becoming a Firewalk Master (08:12) - Living Without Food? Dr. Carol Explains the Breatharian Path (09:22) - Is DNA Actually a Receiver for Consciousness? (11:02) - "Junk DNA" Might Be Humanity's Greatest Untapped Potential (13:08) - The Netflix Analogy That Explains the Quantum Field Perfectly (15:02) -`Why Most People Only Get "Glimpses" of Higher Consciousness (16:12) - Trauma, DNA & the Hidden Film Strip Shaping Your Reality (17:18) - The Book That Triggered Her Entire "Multidimensional Intelligence" Work (19:18) - Why Plant Medicine Experiences Fade After the Ceremony Ends (21:02) - The Identity "Script" Secretly Controlling Your Entire Life (32:35) - "Passive Listening vs Fully Embodied Experience" (33:18) - The Paradox: The Slower You Go, the Faster You Transform (37:08) - Darkness Retreats, Melatonin & Seeing Energy in Complete Darkness (41:02) - Becoming the Stable Signal in a Chaotic World (44:12) - Humanity Is Slowly Remembering Its "True Cosmic History" (59:09) - Closing reflection How to Contact Dr. Carol Talbot:caroltalbot.memulti-dimensionalintelligence.com   About me:My Instagram: www.instagram.com/guyhlawrence/?hl=en Guy's websites:www.guylawrence.com.au www.liveinflow.co

Before he became a familiar face on screen, appearing in over 70 films like 'The Bridge on the River Kwai', 'The Cockleshell Heroes', 'The Guns of Navarone' and 'The Wild Geese', Percy Herbert survived one of the most brutal chapters of the Second World War. Captured during the fall of Singapore in 1942, he endured life as a prisoner of war, facing starvation, violence, and witnessing events like the Alexandra Hospital massacre. Those experiences would stay with him and later shape the performances that made his name. His story is told in his autobiography, Time Will Pass Johnny, a remarkable account that traces his journey from the camps of the Far East to a long and successful acting career. To talk about her father's life, I'm joined by Katrina Wood.   Patreonpatreon.com/ww2podcast  

Brothers Drew and Eric discuss the 2026 Korean action thriller spy movie "Humint." Yes yes yes yes, this film has everything… It's really good but it's "a lot." Along the way they mention Far East geography and "The Long Way…" documentary series with Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman.   Housekeeping starts at 1:15:00 wherein Drew discusses his upcoming trip to England and his eldest's upcoming first year of High School.   File length 1:23:47 File Size 69.7 MB   Theme by Jul Big Green via SongFinch Subscribe to us on Apple Podcasts Listen to us on Stitcher Like us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter Send your comments to show@notinacreepyway.com Visit the show website at Not In A Creepy Way  

Far East Taste 016 Show: Far East Taste Artist: You Liang Air Date: 23 May 2026 Genre: House / Melodic House / Tech House Far East Taste 016 shifts gears into a high-energy exploration of modern Tech House and peak-time grooves, specifically drawing from the contrasting textures currently defining the Tokyo club scene. The set begins with infectious, rhythm-heavy tracks that pair classic house sensibilities with contemporary production, establishing a driving pace before diving into a selection of both underground and electro-influenced Tech House. These styles represent the dual nature of Tokyo's nightlife, moving seamlessly between raw, intimate basement vibes and the high-voltage energy of larger venues. Tracklist: 1. Galo - Take The Rhythm (Extended Mix) 2. Ron Carroll, Micky More & Andy Tee - My Prayer (Micky More & Andy Tee Classic Mix) 3. D.Marco - My Dad is a Raver 4. Delon - No ID How ID It (Extended Mix) 5. U-Jeen & B_SAN - Crash Landing (Extended Mix) 6. Robin Schulz, Sigala ft. Zoe Wees - AM to PM (Hypaton Extended Remix) 7. KLYMVX & LOKMAN - Party All The Time (Extended Mix) 8. Don Diablo - Cutting Shapes (Extended Mix) 9. DJ Susan ft. Lyric Christian - Down 2 Ride (Extended Mix) 10. LUKA - I Got It (You Liang Remix) 11. Jay Dunham - Up Til Noon (Extended Mix) 12. Raul Rodriguez, La Class - Yendose 13. Gold Lemonade - Trust Nobody (Extended Mix) 14. Martin Ikin - Control It (You Liang Bootleg) 15. LIZOT x FABLO x Brave Culture - No Kiss (Extended) 16. Kaskade & CID x Anabel Englund - Vision Blurred (Extended Mix) 17. Skytech & ANG - Shadows In The Night (You Liang Remix) Originally broadcast on Data Transmission Radio. Listen live and explore the archive: https://radio.datatransmission.co

This week on the NK News Podcast, Data Correspondent Anton Sokolin talks about the expanding North Korea-Russia relationship — from military pageantry in Moscow to drone training in Russia's Far East and a mysterious shipwreck off Spain's coast. Anton breaks down the significance of North Korean soldiers marching through Red Square for the first time during Russia's Victory Day parade, what their appearance says about Moscow's shifting alliances and why Kim Jong Un skipped the event despite expectations that he may eventually visit Russia again. The discussion also covers a DPRK delegation's visit to a Russian drone training facility, where officials observed UAV operations amid growing North Korean interest in battlefield drones and potential lessons from the war in Ukraine. Later, the episode turns to North Korean pharmaceutical exports to Russia, including Kumdang-5, a ginseng-based pill marketed as a cure-all remedy, and the sanctions questions raised by DPRK-made traditional medicines appearing on Russian online marketplaces. Finally, Anton walks through the still-unresolved mystery of the Ursa Major, a Russian military-linked vessel that sank off Spain in late 2024.  About the podcast: The North Korea News Podcast is a weekly podcast hosted by Alannah Hill exclusively for NK News, covering all things DPRK — from news to extended interviews with leading experts and analysts in the field, along with insight from our very own journalists.

Rob Couture and Brittany Dymond Murray are joined by VFW Washington Office leaders Ryan Gallucci, Mike Figlioli, and Joy Craig for a discussion on overseas military support, Memorial Day remembrance, and key legislative priorities impacting veterans. Joy Craig reflects on her recent overseas visit alongside VFW Commander-in-Chief Carol Whitmore through Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan, where they met with VFW Posts, military leadership, service members, and families. The team discusses challenges facing troops and veterans stationed abroad, including healthcare access, spouse employment, childcare shortages, and transportation issues, while highlighting the importance of VFW advocacy in the Indo-Pacific region. The episode also covers upcoming Memorial Day events, the VFW Day of Service at the Korean War Veterans Memorial, and updates on major legislative efforts such as the Major Richard Star Act and the fight against predatory "claim shark" companies. Through candid conversation and passionate advocacy, the episode highlights the VFW's continued commitment to serving veterans at home and overseas.   Featured Guests: Ryan Gallucci – Executive Director, VFW Washington Office Mike Figlioli – Director of Operations / Chief of Staff, VFW Washington Office Joy Craig – Associate Director, VFW National Legislative Service   Episode Highlights: 0:00 Intro and Roll Call 3:18 Overseas visit to Taiwan, Korea, and Japan 13:13 Challenges facing military families abroad 31:21 VFW expands veteran claims support in Korea 35:36 Memorial Day traditions and remembrance 42:13 VFW Day of Service at the Korean War Memorial 47:45 Upcoming hearings and advocacy priorities 50:14 Claim sharks and the Guard Act update 53:36 Major Richard Star Act momentum grows 1:12:25 Closing remarks and Good of the Order

Presenting Sponsor Thirdzy!  https://thirdzy.com/JAZZYPromotion Code for 15% off: JAZZYEvery Sunday night Carolyne Prevost, Jamie Latimer and Scott Switzer break down the world of CrossFit and other fitness competitions.  Tonight we talk about Carolyne and the WFP! Copa Sur and Far East continue the CrossFit Games Season and Magic City advances the Masters athletes to the CrossFit Games.

Some of the most creative, bold, and thought-provoking science fiction and fantasy being written today…

Sunday marks the 80th anniversary of the opening of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson says the tribunal judged humanity's conscience and delivered historical justice, which must not be denied.

rWotD Episode 3286: Sunda Strait campaign of January 1794 Welcome to random Wiki of the Day, your journey through Wikipedia's vast and varied content, one random article at a time.The random article for Sunday, 3 May 2026, is Sunda Strait campaign of January 1794.The Sunda Strait campaign of January 1794 was a series of manoeuvres and naval actions fought between warships and privateers of the French Republic and a squadron of vessels sent by the British East India Company to protect trade in the region, later augmented by Dutch warships. The campaign developed as French forces based on Isle de France reacted more quickly than the British forces in the Indian Ocean to the expansion of the French Revolutionary Wars on 1 February 1793. French privateers rapidly spread along the British trade routes in the Far East, becoming concentrated around the narrow Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Dutch East Indies. These ships were soon joined by French Navy frigates and began to inflict losses on shipping in the region. The Royal Navy forces in the Indian Ocean were deployed elsewhere and so the East India Company, the private enterprise that ruled much of British India in the 1790s and maintained their own fleet and navy, raised a squadron of armed merchant ships to patrol the Strait and drive off the raiders.The arrival of this British force on 2 January 1794 was initially a success, the squadron over-running and capturing two large and well-armed privateers on 22 January, not long after the French vessels had been beaten off during an attack on the British trading post at Bencoolen. On 24 January an action against a larger French squadron was fought in the Strait itself, but ended inconclusively and the squadrons divided, the British receiving the Dutch frigate Amazone as reinforcement. The French subsequently turned southwards out of the Strait and attacked Bencoolen again on 9 February, capturing an East Indiaman in the harbour before returning to Isle de France with their prize.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:08 UTC on Sunday, 3 May 2026.For the full current version of the article, see Sunda Strait campaign of January 1794 on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Bluesky at @wikioftheday.com.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm neural Kimberly.

For more than five decades, Lynn Larson has followed her curiosity across continents—and she's nowhere near finished. At 71, she travels light and lives large, forging deep connections everywhere she goes. Her journey began as a Peace Corps volunteer in Ecuador, where she helped launch a rural elementary school that still thrives today. Friendships formed in other parts of South America 40 years ago endure.With her husband, James, Lynn has recently completed two legs of an ambitious round-the-world adventure, spanning the Americas, Africa, and Europe. Next stop: India, the Far East, and beyond. Lynn's style? Minimal planning, maximum openness. One suitcase, one backpack, endless possibility. “We're curious,” she says. “And we have no fear.” For Lynn, home isn't a permanent place (except for the lake home in Minnesota); it's a feeling she creates wherever she lands, among family, friends, and the wider world.“The world is a big, beautiful place; regardless of our differences, we are all the same.” - Lynn LarsonConnect with LynnEmail: l_k_l@msn.comThanking Our Sponsor—Women' Connection, a vibrant, member-led nonprofitorganization for women who are at least 50 years old. Women connect with each other in chapters around the country to enjoy shared interests, continue to learn, volunteer in their communities, and provide each other with support and inspiration. https://womenconnecting.orgShining the Light on the Age-Wise CollectiveWomen Over 70 is proud to be part of the Age-Wise Collective, a group of women podcasters championing pro-aging voices. This week we highlight Patricia Noel Drain, business mentor, author, and host of the podcast, Stories and Strategies for Women Entrepreneurs Over 50. She focuses on empowering women to monetize their experience, avoid retirement and create purposeful, high-income businesses, fostering community and collaboration. www.Patriciadrain.com

Darrell Castle talks about the war against Iran and the efforts to keep the Strait of Hormuz open for the commerce of the world along with the unexpected results being felt around the world. Transcription / Notes SOME UNEXPECTED RESULTS OF WAR Hello, this is Darrell Castle with today's Castle Report. This is Friday the 24th day of April in the year of our Lord 2026. I will be talking again about the war against Iran and the efforts to keep the Strait of Hormuz open for the commerce of the world along with the unexpected results being felt around the world as a result of this war. Let me start with a brief refresher regarding the history of the U.S. war with Iran before I get into unexpected results. The U.S. government back in 1953 started this long conflict by its overthrow of Mosaddegh who was popularly elect and his replacement with the Shah who was always seen as a U.S. puppet. If what I just said is true and I obviously believe that it is, then the U.S. has been in this conflict for 73 years. In 1953 the Korean War was just shutting down so maybe a new conflict was needed in the Middle East to feed the war machine, who knows. Fast forward to today and we find that often history does repeat but barely is it noticed because it will always be different this time. We have lots of propaganda coming out of the war from both sides and unlike propaganda in earlier wars today's propaganda reaches the whole world instantly through social media. In World Wars, for example, propaganda was designed only for the home populations of each side. Don't worry we are winning etc. Except for the Tokyo Rose broadcasts to the U.S. Navy and the Axis Sally broadcasts to the U.S. bomber crews the propaganda was primarily to keep the population's backs in the war effort. To that end a ceasefire is announced from time to time and that mere announcement will usually calm the headlines and the markets for a brief time. The other side quickly violates the ceasefire or denies that it exists and the whole thing starts over. President Trump says they have agreed to everything and the Iranians say no we will keep our uranium and the Strait remains closed. It appears to be just propaganda back and forth or perhaps just wishful thinking, and the confusion is exacerbated by Iran's lack of known leadership. We do know a few things that appear to be factual, however. Six or seven weeks ago, the U.S. and Israel launched a preemptive attack, surprise attack, sneak attack depending on your point of view. This attack was launched in the midst of negotiations ala Pearl Harbor. When the Japanese did it they thought and hoped it would demoralize the American people into negotiations favorable to Japan but it had the opposite effect and I submit this attack did the same to Iran. The U.S. dropped unprecedented amounts of bombs and missiles on Korea and Vietnam but neither surrendered and that fact of history seems to have gone unnoticed by the administration. The Iranians believe they are victims of an unprovoked attack which cost them dearly in terms of lives, treasure, and infrastructure. They think they are entitled to compensation for that and I submit that one way or another they will get it. In the meantime, the war is actually helping Iran by raising oil prices worldwide thus helping the Iranian export prices. They could insist on tolls through the Strait of Hormuz which they had never imposed before this war. I suspect that no permanent peace agreement will happen without compensation from the U.S. and/or Israel. Either way it would be on the backs of U.S. taxpayers. My guess is that this war will continue for a time that we could call indefinite and here is one reason why. Trump apparently started this war at the behest of Netanyahu but now he aggressively insults and attacks anyone he perceives to have said a negative word about him and that includes foreign leaders. He doesn't seem to understand that people remember the insults and foreign affairs of a great nation can't be conducted like kids jostling each other on a school ground. The problem of war in the Middle East is more than likely unsolvable as long a s Israel exists especially with its current leadership. Therefore, expect to be at war for a long time at least until it finally destroys the U.S. economy. Speaking of the U.S. and world economy let's look at some results of the war or at least some things made worse by it. This all comes at a time when rising debt levels and rising interest obligations are pushing the U.S. into a more fragile state. According to MoneyWeek U.S. debt has now exceeded 39 trillion. It has been only five months since it blew past 38 trillion. The debt has doubled since Trump was sworn in for his first term or about 10 years ago. No amount of bluster and bombast will erase certain facts such as the U.S. approaching 40 trillion amid rising interest rates, along with a coming debt crises. The U.S. has about 9 trillion of debt that must be refinanced or rolled over this cycle. Presumably short-term treasuries can be sold at about 3.5% but what if they can't and it takes 5%. That would be catastrophic and would accelerate the crash to unstoppable speed. I admit I'm no economist but that's the way it looks to me from the numbers. The disturbing thing is that Washington seems to take no notice of it at all. This fiscal year, 2026 the defense budget or war budget as its now called is about $950 billion. Trump has requested an almost 60% increase to $1.5 trillion for fiscal year 2027. That's all caused by the war right. Well, no, I'm afraid not folks because that doesn't even include the costs of the Iranian war so he's saying we need a 60% increase just to keep up. The U.S. has dropped tens of thousands of bombs and missiles on Iran and has lost a few aircraft along with great damage to bases all over the Middle East. The U.S. has had to move its military out of the Persian Gulf region and move its carriers at least 1000 kilometers or about 620 miles from the conflict to avoid missile attacks. So, one unexpected result of the war is that the U.S. multibillion-dollar carriers are very vulnerable to cheap drone and missile attack. Iran apparently has quite a stockpile of those and reportedly China is resupplying them all the time. Iran has an ace up its sleeve in this international poker game of death and that ace is the Strait of Hormuz. The Strait is a narrow strip of water that links the Persian Gulf to the rest of the world. Before the war started approximately 20 million barrels of oil per day or about 20% of global production passed through the Strait along with 20% of global LNG exports according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. The Strait is so vitally important to the world economy that it's a fair guess that disruption for a prolonged period would provoke a worldwide depression. Iran has spent decades accumulating the means to shut the Strait down. It has commanding geography with a thousand miles of coastline and many inlets where missiles can be stored and launched. The U.S. has discovered that even the U.S. Navy cannot police all of them. Just this week reportedly 24 Iranian tankers slipped through the U.S. blockade. If the Strait is not completely closed it is too dangerous for normal commercial shipping. Oil and natural gas are everywhere and in everything. They are the most important of all commodities that the world depends on. The Far East today is the manufacturing center of the world or the world's workshop and Middle East oil and gas keeps the Far East working. Until this war is resolved we can probably count on oil above 100$ per barrel and increasing shortages of many things we are used to having in abundance. Ultimately the real danger is worldwide food production and the increasing cost of food caused by ever lower crop yields. This threat to the world's food supply is being caused by the drastic reduction in fertilizer because so much of it is shipped through the gulf. The world needs fertilizer to grow crops and feed people and that is gradually being strangled. Once again, the unexpected results of war. Perhaps the markets of the world have just been waiting for a pin to pop the bubble so we will see that higher prices for fuel will result in higher prices for everything and that is as inevitable as night follows day. The result of all this and the result of the war will be a significantly lower standard of living for the people of the world. So, propaganda tells us the Strait will remain open and the Mullahs will never have a nuclear weapon. Neither statement appears to be true at the current time so that leaves the U.S. in a very difficult position. The U.S. could admit defeat and leave thus admitting that the Empire cannot fulfill its promises or the U.S. could resort to the unthinkable but I don't see many other choices. In any event the petrodollar world appears to be ending. I heard Marco Rubio, the Secretary of everything say that Brazil, the largest country in South America just concluded a deal with China to trade in the Chinese currency. The U.S. relies on the dollar as the world's reserve to bully and sanction other countries but if they are not trading in the dollar then sanctions are no threat. So, the world is changing rapidly and not in favor of the American people or at least that's my take on it.  Donald Trump has hung an Albatross around his neck and removing it is job number one. He might have to allow a strategic retreat to a more defensible line. The failure to reach that conclusion has resulted in the destruction of many armies and the loss of many wars. So, admit it was a mistake and find some way to reverse course no matter what Israel says about it. The longer he persists the worse it will get because he simply is not all powerful like he apparently thought he was, and neither is the United States. Finally, folks, I hope this was just a tragic mistake and not something preplanned and far more sinister but the unexpected results of it are apparently only unexpected by us normal people who are concerned about working, living, and raising our kids in a peaceful world. At least that's the way I see it, Until next time folks, This is Darrell Castle, Thanks for listening.

Spot of world feed comms for Ned in a far flung place. Warnng: darts is played.Redeem your AG1 offer here!Oh, but do check out our merch. It's really good. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Gridiron America Radio is part of the Sports History Network - The Headquarters For Sports Yesteryear.EPISODE SUMMARYFor our official 50th podcast of From the 55 Yardline/Gridiron America Radio, we celebrate both the 50 episode and, even more importantly, we celebrate a new podcast here on the Sports History Network, Gridiron Japan Radio! Gridiron Japan is a five year old podcast that broadcasts from Japan which covers the American football scene and the X League, the semi-professional league that is the highest level of competition in the Far East and which has its own version of the Super Bowl- the Rice Bowl. In this initial episode from 2021, original host Zach Keilman and co-host Greg St. James interview X League insider and sports journalist John Gunning about the gridiron scene and its history in Japan.To learn more about American football in Japan check out www.gridironjapan.jp, the gateway to English language coverage of the X League (www.xleague.jp) and the rest of the gridiron scene.GRIDIRON AMERICA RADIO BACKGROUNDGridiron America Radio (formerly, the From the 55 Yardline podcast), is anchored by former sports executive David Cieslinski; former international professional football player Mike Tackett, and football nerd Greg St. James, from Gridiron Japan Radio.All three are avid armchair sports historians and sports simulation enthusiasts, who, despite the vastness of geography, have found a way to leverage technology to help keep the games they love truly alive, both on the screen or tabletop.Gridiron America Radio is dedicated to both current and historical American football talk, including the “what if” questions that all sports fans ask and try to answer with the help of statistics, math and computer modeling provided by Sportsmaster Simulation Games www.SportsMaster-Simulation.games. In addition to the gridiron game, the team will on occasion look at other sports through the same eyes of that of grown men who still remember their childhood and the thrill of rolling the dice or picking up a joystick.The show was previously co-hosted by retired sports journalist Scott Adamson, whose continued writings. sports coverage and articles can be found at www.Adamsonmedia.com.David, Mike and Greg, can be contacted directly via the podcast's website at www.GridironAmerica.net, as well as:On X at https://x.com/GridironAMRadioOn Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/GridironAmerica/On Threads at https://www.threads.com/@gridironamericaOn Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/gridironamerica

Rassegna stampa economico-finanziaria del 19 Aprile 2026, strutturata per macro-temi e basata sulle principali testate giornalistiche nazionali. Investimenti, mercati e finanza pubblicaTestate coinvolte: Il Sole 24 Ore / La Stampa / Il Messaggero / Il Giornale* Conti pubblici italiani: crescita più debole dell'area sviluppata e nuovo stress sul Dpf.    Il Sole 24 Ore evidenzia che, secondo il Fondo monetario internazionale, il PIL italiano 2026 crescerebbe solo dello 0,5%, contro +1,1% della media UE e +1,6% del G7. Nel quadriennio 2026-2029 la crescita cumulata italiana si fermerebbe al 2,6%, circa la metà dell'Eurozona (5,0%) e ben sotto la media UE (5,9%) e G7 (6,5%). Sul lato debito, il dossier segnala 51 miliardi di euro legati ai vecchi crediti d'imposta e un effetto di riclassificazione che da solo potrebbe aumentare il debito di 2,2 punti di PIL. Il potenziale di crescita, inoltre, scenderebbe dallo 0,9% del 2024 allo 0,6% nel 2028, nonostante i 194,4 miliardi del PNRR. Messaggio manageriale: la priorità torna a essere produttività, selezione degli investimenti e disciplina sugli incentivi.  * Wall Street e Fed: clima di volatilità politica e istituzionale.    La Stampa richiama tensioni speculative su Wall Street (“bagarini a Wall Street”), mentre Il Messaggero apre il fronte della successione alla Fed. Nell'estratto disponibile non emergono KPI puntuali aggiuntivi, ma il segnale di contesto è chiaro: il premio per il rischio resta sensibile al ciclo politico statunitense.  Banche e creditoTestate coinvolte: La Stampa / Il Fatto Quotidiano* MPS e Consob: focus su governance e presidi di mercato.    La Stampa segnala il dossier sulla presidenza di MPS, con il nome di Boccardelli in emersione e soci alla ricerca di un'intesa; Il Fatto Quotidiano rileva invece una corsa più complessa verso la presidenza Consob. Nel materiale consultabile non sono presenti KPI economico-finanziari ulteriori, ma la lettura congiunta indica un presidio rafforzato sulla governance degli intermediari e delle authority in una fase di mercato più fragile. Positivo il fatto che il tema sia ancora nel perimetro della governance, non della stabilità sistemica.  Industria, manifattura e filiereTestate coinvolte: Il Sole 24 Ore / Sole 24 Ore Nòva 24 / La Verità / Il Giornale* AI e fabbrica: il vantaggio competitivo si sposta dalle hard skill pure alle competenze ibride.    Il Sole 24 Ore lega l'intelligenza artificiale alla ridefinizione di fabbriche e rapporti di forza industriali; Nòva 24 aggiunge che i profili più difendibili sono quelli che combinano competenze STEM e capacità relazionali, di coordinamento e giudizio. L'indicazione per imprese e advisory è costruttiva: il tema non è “meno lavoro”, ma riqualificazione più veloce e ridisegno dei ruoli verso supervisione, orchestrazione e decisione.  * Fertilizzanti: rischio di shock indiretto su agricoltura, rese e filiere alimentari.    Il Sole 24 Ore sottolinea che il nuovo shock non passa solo da petrolio e gas, ma anche dai fertilizzanti e dalla logistica nel Golfo Persico. Il punto chiave è che l'urea incide trasversalmente su costi e rese: se prezzo e disponibilità peggiorano nella fase cruciale del calendario agricolo, la trasmissione al food system avviene via minori fertilizzazioni, rese più basse e mercati agricoli più tesi. Non sono riportati nel testo visibile KPI numerici di prezzo, ma il segnale per l'industria è netto: aumentano il rischio input e il rischio approvvigionamento.  * Logistica terrestre: autotrasporto fermo, rischio per cantieri e scaffali.    La Verità segnala che il settore dell'autotrasporto, pari a circa 100.000 imprese e 500.000 lavoratori, si ferma per 5 giorni, dalle 24 di oggi fino al 24 aprile. Il blocco minaccia la distribuzione merci e l'approvvigionamento dei cantieri. Sul largo consumo, il Codacons stima per l'acqua minerale da 1,5 litri un possibile rincaro di 5-6 centesimi a bottiglia, pari a circa 606 milioni di euro l'anno, con un aggravio del +20% rispetto agli attuali listini; per altre bevande l'aumento ipotizzato è del +10%. È un indicatore concreto di trasmissione immediata dei costi energetici alla filiera retail.  Energia e geopoliticaTestate coinvolte: Repubblica / La Stampa / Il Messaggero / Il Giornale / Il Sole 24 Ore / La Verità / Secolo XIX / Domani / Libero Quotidiano* Hormuz: notizia unica accorpata su blocco dello Stretto e shock energetico globale.    Più testate convergono sullo stesso asse informativo: chiusure/riaperture intermittenti dello Stretto di Hormuz, rischio di interruzione della navigazione commerciale, riflessi su petrolio, gas, fertilizzanti e alimentare. La Verità precisa che la tregua mediata dal Pakistan scadrebbe mercoledì 22 aprile; nello scenario operativo citato compaiono le unità Usa Frank Peterson e Michael Murphy, mentre immagini satellitari dell'11 aprile mostrerebbero la portaerei Abraham Lincoln a circa 200 km a sud della costa iraniana. Il Messaggero collega il dossier a un potenziale rischio di crisi alimentare. È il principale fattore esogeno della giornata: energia, trasporti e food entrano nella stessa matrice di rischio.  * Petrolio: distruzione di offerta già molto visibile.    Il Giornale quantifica in 50 miliardi di dollari il greggio “andato in fumo” in 50 giorni di conflitto, con oltre 500 milioni di barili persi. La perdita equivale a circa 11 giorni di consumi stradali mondiali o a oltre un mese di petrolio per l'Europa. Rystad Energy stima inoltre 58 miliardi di dollari di infrastrutture danneggiate tra gas e petrolio e oltre 80 impianti energetici colpiti. Il ritorno alla normalità richiederebbe 4-5 mesi per alcuni giacimenti in Kuwait e Iraq, mentre per parti della filiera GNL del Qatar potrebbero servire anni. KPI molto rilevanti per energy, chimica, trasporti e inflazione importata.  * Diversificazione italiana: Azerbaigian sempre più strategico.    La Stampa segnala che dall'Azerbaigian arriva ogni anno il 16-17% del fabbisogno nazionale di petrolio e gas. Il Tap, lungo quasi 900 km, porta in Italia circa 12 miliardi di metri cubi di gas l'anno, su circa 60 miliardi importati; dal corridoio azero potrebbero passare anche 2 miliardi di metri cubi annui in più, e con upgrade infrastrutturali la capacità del Tap potrebbe salire fino a 20 miliardi. Sul petrolio, l'Italia è il primo compratore degli azeri con il 45% dell'export complessivo, pari a circa 10 milioni di tonnellate l'anno. Sul fronte investimenti, Socar ha acquisito il 10% del giacimento Tamar e il fondo sovrano azero detiene il 49% di impianti fotovoltaici italiani dell'americana Efinity Global. Indicazione positiva: la diversificazione è già in atto e ha massa critica.  * Effetti collaterali globali: la Cina accelera sulla filiera green.    Nello stesso quadro, Il Giornale segnala che a marzo le esportazioni cinesi di veicoli elettrici sono salite del 53%, quelle di batterie agli ioni di litio del 34% e quelle di celle solari dell'80%. Il dato suggerisce che gli shock sui fossili stanno già premiando i player con esposizione industriale alle tecnologie di transizione.  Consumi, turismo e domanda internaTestate coinvolte: La Stampa / Repubblica / La Verità* Famiglie italiane: consumo in contrazione e crescente avversione al rischio geopolitico.    La Stampa riporta che quasi un italiano su due (47,8%) ha già iniziato a risparmiare sui consumi energetici. Tra le donne la quota sale al 48,6%. Sul piano geopolitico, il 41,5% degli italiani si dice favorevole a rimuovere le sanzioni alla Russia per tornare a un'energia più accessibile. Per aree politiche, la linea raccoglie il 54,1% nel centrosinistra, il 54,3% nel centrodestra e il 44,7% nel Movimento 5 Stelle. Inoltre, più della metà degli italiani percepisce ormai il rapporto con gli Stati Uniti come un rischio, mentre l'80,1% ritiene che nella politica estera sia stato superato ogni limite. In chiave business, il dato segnala domanda prudente e più sensibile a prezzi, bollette e stabilità.  * Turismo: timori sul lungo raggio, ma non ancora crisi generalizzata delle prenotazioni.Repubblica segnala un allarme per le vacanze rinviate e un calo delle prenotazioni americane. La Verità, sul lato operatori, riporta invece che Federalberghi non registra al momento un'ondata di disdette per il Ponte del Primo Maggio; il presidente Bocca indica che il rallentamento riguarda soprattutto i mercati lontani, con il 90% dei voli da Nord America e Far East verso l'Europa che fanno scalo a Doha e Dubai. Quadro quindi da leggere così: pressione sul segmento internazionale più esposto al Golfo, ma tenuta ancora discreta della domanda domestica e di prossimità.  Fisco, incentivi e normativa economicaTestate coinvolte: Il Sole 24 Ore / La Verità* Crediti d'imposta e bonus: il tema non è più espansivo, ma di assorbimento nel debito.    Il Sole 24 Ore lega una parte rilevante del peggioramento prospettico dei conti ai crediti d'imposta edilizi trasformati in debito. Il documento richiama 230 miliardi di euro di crediti riferiti al periodo 2020-2023, un peso che continua a propagarsi sul debito negli anni successivi. Parallelamente, sul fronte micro, La Verità segnala che i crediti d'imposta previsti per la ristorazione non sarebbero stati sufficienti a coprire le perdite subite. Il takeaway per imprese e advisor è lineare: la stagione dei bonus generalisti lascia il posto a una logica più selettiva, con forte attenzione a qualità della spesa e sostenibilità di bilancio.  

Abbreviated show ahead of the Nick Mingione Show; Will Stein gets a commitment from a coveted QB; (12:00) Stein and players on the Saturday scrimmage + Sir Charles goes off (again) on today's players; (21:00) podcaster Terry Brown on UK hoops; (39:00) Billy Rutledge on the Masters, UK basketball and Rob Dillingham; some Xmas cheer in the middle of spring from the Far East...

Host Patrick Patino and guest Robert Hanna jam out over creating unique bespoke experiences that drive connections and community in the legal profession.About RobertRobert Hanna is the Founder & CEO of KC Partners, a world-leading legal talent solutions and content creation firm. He has helped thousands of aspiring and qualified lawyers secure roles with leading law firms and corporations across the UK, Europe, the Middle East, the FarEast, and the US. He is also the creator and host of theLegally Speaking Podcast™proudly sponsored by Clio and ranked in the top 1% of all podcasts worldwide, with 450+ episodes released across 6,500+ cities. Through the show, his mission is inspiring legal minds and transforming legal futures.Recognised as the world's most followed legal recruiter, Rob is a LinkedIn Top Voice, UKCreator Accelerator winner, and trusted advisor to LinkedIn. He co-founded The Great Big Legal Offsite (GBLO), a premier law firm leadership strategy event, and Courtside Conversations, a new global brand blending padel, podcasting, and community. He also serves as a strategic advisor and investor to legal tech start-ups such as Hector, Caseguru, and Lexidesk.ai. A sought-after keynote speaker and moderator, Rob has led events for Thomson Reuters,Clio, and Platforum9, and has been featured inThe Law Society, The Lawyer, Law.com, Above The Law and Modern Law Magazine. He has also collaborated with major brands, including LinkedIn, Sky Sports, Netflix, and Business Insider, among others. Passionate about diversity, inclusion, and mental health in law, Rob supports initiatives likeLawCare and sits as a Board Advisor to NRG Lawyers. Beyond work, he is a mentor, proud father, and pawrent to Otto, his miniature dachshund.https://www.linkedin.com/in/roberthanna/https://legallyspeakingpodcast.com/the-great-big-legal-offsite-gblo-2026/https://legallyspeakingpodcast.com/https://www.youtube.com/@courtside-conversationshttps://www.kcpartners.co.uk/rob/

It’s not business as usual this time on Brew Ha Ha with Herlinda Heras and Daedalus Howell, as Herlinda presents Beatles and Brews today. She has had this playlist on her main fridge for about 6 years. What’s more, she has such a collection of beers that she can line up the labels to match the songs for today’s show. The show begins with two Beatles tunes, She Loves You and I Want You / She’s So Heavy. Herlinda is a Beatles superfan. She knows Pete Best, who was the drummer for The Beatles before Ringo joined the band. Herlinda even has a signed picture with him from when he played in Petaluma on tour. Pete’s mother Mona Best bet on a horse named Never Say Die to win the 1954 Epsom Derby, at 33-1 odds. (sorry, audio garbled at 8:00) She used the winnings to buy the house where they built The Casbah Coffee Club in the basement. Pete’s brother Roag still runs tours at the original Casbah location. She Loves You goes with A View From The Top from Five Boroughs Brewing in Brooklyn. They brewed this beer to commemorate the refurbishing of the Empire State Building. It matches the Beatles arrival in NY in 1964 on Ed Sullivan and at Shea Stadium, and all the later New York connections. Daedalus asks Herlinda how she became such a big Beatles fan. Herlinda’s dad was in the Navy, and they were stationed for a while at Hunter’s Point Shipyard. Candlestick Park was nearby, and her mom wasn’t at the Beatles concert, but she said she could hear the crowd screaming. When her dad was in the Far East in the Navy, there where places where he could record albums onto reel-to-reel. Herlinda had an Akai reel-to-reel tape player. He gave her an audio documentary history of the Beatles that she listened to it over and over again. Black is Beautiful and Blackbird Herlinda was doing her math homework one day while living at Hamilton AFB in Novato. She was listening to KRQR San Francisco when the news came in of John Lennon’s murder. She immediately started her reel-to-reel recorder and captured the local coverage from all the local radio stations. Herlinda opens a beer called Black is Beautiful. She pairs it with the Beatles song Blackbird and points out Paul McCartney’s story of its origin. A bird means a girl in British English and Paul had seen stories of young black girls having to be escorted to school in the American south, and he wrote the song to describe them. The Black Is Beautiful beer started from an African American brewer Marcus Baskerville in the wake of George Floyd’s death. The song Tomorrow Never Knows, with its Indian sitars, suggests an IPA, India Pale Ale. There is more beer and Beatles music than we have time for in one show, so we will have to revisit this topic. Before we end this episode, Herlinda opens a Ukrainian style Golden Ale flavored with coriander. The BJCP judging guidelines recently admitted this Ukrainian style to their catalog. Herlinda suggests the song Golden Slumbers, for the Ukrainian ale. We will have to do a 2.0. We didn’t even get to the English beers. 

This episode continues our mini series on the history of the Clan Line, one of the most prominent and enduring British shipping companies of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Founded in Glasgow in 1878 by Sir Charles Cayzer, the line began with a small fleet of steamships and quickly grew into a major force in maritime commerce. Its ships, all bearing the 'Clan' prefix in their names, became a familiar sight across the world's oceans, linking Britain with India, South Africa, and the Far East.This episode takes us to the heart of the maritime world from which the Clan Line emerged. Every great story has a turning point and for the Clan Line, one of those moments came in a hotel in Glasgow — when the young Charles Cayzer, who had come to Glasgow to follow his maritime dream, met with alexander Stephen, a shipbuilder with a yard on the Clyde, in the very centre of the city. To find out more Dr Sam Willis met up with Ian Johnston, a well-known and deeply knowledgable Clydeside historian, for a tour of maritime Glasgow, to help us understand the world into which the Clan Line was born. They visit key sites like St. Vincent Place, the Anchor Line building, and George Square. They also explore the historical significance of the River Clyde and the shipbuilding industry, including the decline and redevelopment of Govan and the legacy of the Fairfield shipyard.This is the fourth in our series on the Clan Line – we have heard previously an overview of the company from Jamie Cayzer-Colvin, a descendant of Charles Cayzer and Director of Caledonia Investments which was born from the Cayzer family's shipping business. We have also travelled all over the country to find sailors who served on the Clan Line ships to hear their brilliantly entertaining tories of their time afloat. We've also looked at the Clan Line ships – exploring some magnificent models of their fleet and then travelling to Inverclyde to see where so many were built. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

(00:00:00) Opening (00:00:44) Midweek BONUS Stupidity (01:15:07) insane Week In Review (01:26:50) Genius Awards (01:37:10) Closing You don't meet many people who look forward to spending any time in a hospital. Well, this time you're going to meed someone who not only likes spending time in the hospital, they haven't left in over 4 months and the hospital is now suing to evict her. Reports were pouring in all over from a moving sweet potato truck that was in flames and dropping hot potatoes along the road as it sped to the nearest fire department. Also from the Far East, customers in a Shanghai McDonald's were treated to robots dressed in uniform flipping their burgers...In this Midweek BONUS Episode...Survey Finds 19 Million Americans Have Seriously Thought About Shooting SomeoneFL Man Ran Into a River, and Was Tracked Down by Cops on PaddleboardsDischarged FL Hospital Patient Has Refused To Leave—For FIVE MonthsGen Z Thinks Capital Letters Are “Too Intense” and a Linguist AgreesMan In Japan Drives Flaming Food Truck To Firehouse—Dropping Roasted Potatoes Along The RoadNorth Carolina Woman Attacked By An Otter While Watching a MarathonMan Tries to Rob 6 NYC Banks in 5 Days—Made Off With Just $605Gen Z Wants ‘Green Days' Off Work to Reconnect With NatureWhy Do Men Enjoy Farting So Much?Some People Are Deciding to Not Pay Their Federal Income TaxLive Possum Snuggles Stuffed Toys At Australian Airport StoreA Woman Stole a Car with Her Pet Kitten, and Freaked About Its Safety When Being ArrestedMom Arrested After Leaving 7 Kids Locked in Car While She GambledFL Woman—Four Loko Drunk—Busted With Minors in the Trunk and Backseat of CarMcDonald's Experimenting With Robot Employees That Look Like Humans—And Even Dress in UniformCREEPER UPDATE: The “Parachuting Spiders” Are SpreadingMaintenance Worker Caught On Camera Peeing In Tenant's SinkGrandma Shocked as Meteorite Crashes Through Her RoofPeople Are Covering Their Smart Car Key Fobs in Tin FoilPolitics Makes Us More StupidMissouri Men Were Arrested for Harming a Woolly MammothCatch up on the stupidity from the latest current events from the Insane Week In Review and be introduced to the stupedous of stupidity with our 7 "winners" in the Genius Awards!Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/insane-erik-lane-s-stupid-world--6486112/support.Real-time updates and story links are found on the TELEGRAM Channel at: https://t.me/InsaneErikLane  (Theme song courtesy of Randy Stonehill, ”It's A Great Big Stupid World”. Copyright ©1992 Stonehillian Music/Word Music/Twitchin' Vibes Music/ASCAP) Order your copy on the Wonderama CD from Amazon!This episode includes AI-generated content.

I got an introduction to this week's guest on a Tuesday and recorded the show with him two days later. Love when things come together quickly and happy to share the infectious enthusiasm that Mitski drummer Bruno Esrubilski brings when talking about his 5 year old Miniature Schnauzer Hugo. We get to know Hugo and his grooming habits, whether he'd make his Schnauzer ancestors proud and how an unknown allergy to bees almost cost him the chance to be a big brother to Bruno's newborn son. Plenty of good dog talk from this upbeat drummer.You can catch Mitski live this week on multiple dates in Los Angeles before the band jets off to the UK, Australia and the Far East in May and July. For dates visit mitski.com/live/Bruno gave a steadfast shout out to Korean K9 Rescue, a volunteer-driven no-kill dog rescue organization based in Queens and Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, South Korea, who have helped save over 3,500 dogs from dire situations in South Korea where they are transported to the U.S. to have the opportunity to find loving, forever homes in and around New York, Boston and Los Angeles. To adopt, foster, volunteer or support their mission visit koreank9rescue.org

In this episode of Music of Bond, we journey to the Far East and dive deep into the lush, mysterious, and unforgettable score of You Only Live Twice. John Barry delivers one of his most sweeping and romantic compositions, blending bold orchestration with delicate Japanese musical influences.From the haunting beauty of Nancy Sinatra's iconic title song to the tension-filled action cues that underscore Bond's most dangerous mission yet, we explore how this score redefined the sound of 007.Join us as we unpack the music, the moments, and the magic behind one of the most sonically rich entries in the Bond canon.But first Elvis...EPIC.

This episode continues our mini series on the history of the Clan Line, one of the most prominent and enduring British shipping companies of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Founded by Charles Cayzer, the Clan Line became synonymous with reliability, global trade expansion and the professionalisation of British merchant shipping. At its peak, it had one of the largest merchant fleets in the world, forming a crucial part of Britain's maritime commercial power. These ships linked Britain to its colonies and trading partners across Africa, India, Australia and the Far East, moving everything from manufactured goods to raw materials. This is the third in our series on the Clan Line. We've heard previously an overview of the company from Jamie Cayzer-Colvin, a descendant of Charles Cayzer, and now director of Caledonia Investments, which was born from the Cayzer family's shipping business. We've also traveled all over the country to find sailors who served on the Clan Line ships to hear their brilliantly entertaining stories of their time afloat. This episode looks at the ships. One of the fascinating things about the ships of the Clan Line is that from sail to steam to motor ships, they continually adapted to advances in ship design and propulsion. The business was always an early adopter of efficient cargo handling and modern engineering standards influencing how liner companies manage global routes and logistics. This means that the ships of the Clan Line almost perfectly act as a mirror of merchant ship evolution, a microcosm of the shifting tides in maritime design over more than a century. This episode takes us from London, where Dr Sam Willis explores some beautiful models of Clan Line ships with Simon Stevens, curator of ship models and small boats at the Royal Museums in Greenwich. Sam then heads to the Clyde estuary, to the shipyards where many of the Clan Line ships were built and speaks with speak with Vince Gillen, Inverclyde historian and writer. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Episode Summary:In this episode of Explaining History, Nick explores the agonizing political and strategic choices faced by Great Britain in the 1930s.Why did the British government delay rearmament for so long? Drawing on Daniel Todman's Britain's War: Into Battle, we examine how the shadow of the First World War and the Great Depression shaped the policy of appeasement. Nick argues that the "caution" of the Baldwin and Chamberlain governments wasn't just cowardice; it was a desperate attempt to avoid the "total war" that would require the complete subordination of freedom and prosperity to the state.From the technological leap from biplanes to monoplanes to the "imperial overstretch" that left Singapore and Palestine vulnerable, we delve into the global chessboard of the late 30s. How did the need to defend an empire spanning the globe leave Britain dangerously exposed in Europe? And why was the fall of Singapore written into the strategic compromises of the 1920s?Plus: Details on our upcoming Nazi Germany Masterclass in March!Key Topics:The Rearmament Debate: Why a "Churchillian" surge in 1935 might have failed.Technological Change: The shift from fabric biplanes to the Spitfire and Hurricane.Imperial Overstretch: The impossible task of defending the UK, the Mediterranean, and the Far East simultaneously.The Palestine Mandate: How the Arab Revolt of 1936 tied down British troops needed elsewhere.Books Mentioned:Britain's War: Into Battle (1937-1941) by Daniel TodmanEnglish History 1914-1945 by A.J.P. TaylorForgotten Armies by Christopher Bayly and Tim HarperExplaining History helps you understand the 20th Century through critical conversations and expert interviews. We connect the past to the present. If you enjoy the show, please subscribe and share.▸ Support the Show & Get Exclusive ContentBecome a Patron: patreon.com/explaininghistory▸ Join the Community & Continue the ConversationFacebook Group: facebook.com/groups/ExplainingHistoryPodcastSubstack: theexplaininghistorypodcast.substack.com▸ Read Articles & Go DeeperWebsite: explaininghistory.org Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Last time we spoke about the beginning of the Nomohan incident. On the fringes of Manchuria, the ghosts of Changkufeng lingered. It was August 1938 when Soviet and Japanese forces locked in a brutal standoff over a disputed hill, claiming thousands of lives before a fragile ceasefire redrew the lines. Japan, humiliated yet defiant, withdrew, but the Kwantung Army seethed with resentment. As winter thawed into 1939, tensions simmered along the Halha River, a serpentine boundary between Manchukuo and Mongolia. Major Tsuji Masanobu, a cunning tactician driven by gekokujo's fire, drafted Order 1488: a mandate empowering local commanders to annihilate intruders, even luring them across borders. Kwantung's leaders, bonded by past battles, endorsed it, ignoring Tokyo's cautions amid the grinding China War. By May, the spark ignited. Mongolian patrols crossed the river, clashing with Manchukuoan cavalry near Nomonhan's sandy hills. General Komatsubara, ever meticulous, unleashed forces to "destroy" them, bombing west-bank outposts and pursuing retreats. Soviets, bound by pact, rushed reinforcements, their tanks rumbling toward the fray. What began as skirmishes ballooned into an undeclared war.   #189 General Zhukov Arrives at Nomohan Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Though Kwantung Army prided itself as an elite arm of the Imperial Japanese Army, the 23rd Division, formed less than a year prior, was still raw and unseasoned, lacking the polish and spirit typical of its parent force. From General Michitaro Komatsubara downward, the staff suffered a collective dearth of combat experience. Intelligence officer Major Yoshiyasu Suzuki, a cavalryman, had no prior intel background. While senior regimental commanders were military academy veterans, most company and platoon leaders were fresh reservists or academy graduates with just one or two years under their belts. Upon arriving in Manchukuo in August 1938, the division found its Hailar base incomplete, housing only half its troops; the rest scattered across sites. Full assembly at Hailar occurred in November, but harsh winter weather curtailed large-scale drills. Commanders had scant time to build rapport. This inexperience, inadequate training, and poor cohesion would prove costly at Nomonhan. Japan's army held steady at 17 divisions from 1930 to 1937, but the escalating China conflict spurred seven new divisions in 1938 and nine in 1939. Resource strains from China left many under-equipped, with the 23rd, stationed in a presumed quiet sector, low on priorities. Unlike older "rectangular" divisions with four infantry regiments, the 23rd was a modern "triangular" setup featuring the 64th, 71st, and 72nd. Materiel gaps were glaring. The flat, open terrain screamed for tanks, yet the division relied on a truck-equipped transport regiment and a reconnaissance regiment with lightly armored "tankettes" armed only with machine guns. Mobility suffered: infantry marched the final 50 miles from Hailar to Nomonhan. Artillery was mostly horse-drawn, including 24 outdated Type 38 75-mm guns from 1907, the army's oldest, unique to this division. Each infantry regiment got four 37-mm rapid-fire guns and four 1908-era 75-mm mountain guns. The artillery regiment added 12 120-mm howitzers, all high-angle, short-range pieces ill-suited for flatlands or anti-tank roles. Antitank capabilities were dire: beyond rapid-fire guns, options boiled down to demolition charges and Molotov cocktails, demanding suicidal "human bullet" tactics in open terrain, a fatal flaw against armor. The division's saving grace lay in its soldiers, primarily from Kyushu, Japan's southernmost main island, long famed for hardy warriors. These men embodied resilience, bravery, loyalty, and honor, offsetting some training and gear deficits. Combat at Nomonhan ramped up gradually, with Japanese-Manchukuoan forces initially outnumbering Soviet-Mongolian foes. Soviets faced severe supply hurdles: their nearest rail at Borzya sat 400 miles west of the Halha River, requiring truck hauls over rough, exposed terrain prone to air strikes. Conversely, Hailar was 200 miles from Nomonhan, with the Handagai railhead just 50 miles away, linked by three dirt roads. These advantages, plus Europe's brewing Polish crisis, likely reassured Army General Staff and Kwantung Army Headquarters that Moscow would avoid escalation. Nonetheless, Komatsubara, with KwAHQ's nod, chose force to quash the Nomonhan flare-up. On May 20, Japanese scouts spotted a Soviet infantry battalion and armor near Tamsag Bulak. Komatsubara opted to "nip the incident in the bud," assembling a potent strike force under Colonel Takemitsu Yamagata of the 64th Infantry Regiment. The Yamagata detachment included the 3rd Battalion, roughly four companies, 800 men, a regimental gun company, three 75-mm mountain guns, four 37-mm rapid-fires, three truck companies, and Lieutenant Colonel Yaozo Azuma's reconnaissance group, 220 men, one tankette, two sedans, 12 trucks. Bolstered by 450 local Manchukuoan troops, the 2,000-strong unit was tasked with annihilating all enemy east of the Halha. The assault was set for May 22–23. No sooner had General Komatsubara finalized this plan than he received a message from KwAHQ: "In settling the affair Kwantung Army has definite plans, as follows: For the time being Manchukuoan Army troops will keep an eye on the Outer Mongolians operating near Nomonhan and will try to lure them onto Manchukuoan territory. Japanese forces at Hailar [23rd Division] will maintain surveillance over the situation. Upon verification of a border violation by the bulk of the Outer Mongolian forces, Kwantung Army will dispatch troops, contact the enemy, and annihilate him within friendly territory. According to this outlook it can be expected that enemy units will occupy border regions for a considerable period; but this is permissible from the overall strategic point of view". At this juncture, Kwantung Army Headquarters advocated tactical caution to secure a more conclusive outcome. Yet, General Michitaro Komatsubara had already issued orders for Colonel Takemitsu Yamagata's assault. Komatsubara radioed Hsinking that retracting would be "undignified," resenting KwAHQ's encroachment on his authority much as KwAHQ chafed at Army General Staff interference. Still, "out of deference to Kwantung Army's feelings," he delayed to May 27 to 28. Soviet air units from the 57th Corps conducted ineffective sorties over the Halha River from May 17 to 21. Novice pilots in outdated I 15 biplanes suffered heavily: at least 9, possibly up to 17, fighters and scouts downed. Defense Commissar Kliment Voroshilov halted air ops, aiding Japanese surprise. Yamagata massed at Kanchuerhmiao, 40 miles north of Nomonhan, sending patrols southward. Scouts spotted a bridge over the Halha near its Holsten junction, plus 2 enemy groups of ~200 each east of the Halha on either Holsten side and a small MPR outpost less than a mile west of Nomonhan. Yamagata aimed to trap and destroy these east of the river: Azuma's 220 man unit would drive south along the east bank to the bridge, blocking retreat. The 4 infantry companies and Manchukuoan troops, with artillery, would attack from the west toward enemy pockets, herding them riverward into Azuma's trap. Post destruction, mop up any west bank foes near the river clear MPR soil swiftly. This intricate plan suited early MPR foes but overlooked Soviet units spotted at Tamsag Bulak on May 20, a glaring oversight by Komatsubara and Yamagata. Predawn on May 28, Yamagata advanced from Kanchuerhmiao. Azuma detached southward to the bridge. Unbeknownst, it was guarded by Soviet infantry, engineers, armored cars, and a 76 mm self propelled artillery battery—not just MPR cavalry. Soviets detected Azuma pre dawn but missed Yamagata's main force; surprise was mutual. Soviet MPR core: Major A E Bykov's battalion roughly 1000 men with 3 motorized infantry companies, 16 BA 6 armored cars, 4 76 mm self propelled guns, engineers, and a 5 armored car recon platoon. The 6th MPR Cavalry Division roughly 1250 men had 2 small regiments, 4 76 mm guns, armored cars, and a training company. Bykov arrayed north to south: 2 Soviet infantry on flanks, MPR cavalry center, unorthodox, as cavalry suits flanks. Spread over 10 miles parallel to but east of the Halha, 1 mile west of Nomonhan. Reserves: 1 infantry company, engineers, and artillery west of the river near the bridge; Shoaaiibuu's guns also west to avoid sand. Japanese held initial edges in numbers and surprise, especially versus MPR cavalry. Offsets: Yamagata split into 5 weaker units; radios failed early, hampering coordination; Soviets dominated firepower with self propelled guns, 4 MPR pieces, and BA 6s, armored fighters with 45 mm turret guns, half track capable, 27 mph speed, but thin 9 mm armor vulnerable to close heavy machine guns. Morning of May 28, Yamagata's infantry struck Soviet MPR near Nomonhan, routing lightly armed MPR cavalry and forcing Soviet retreats toward the Halha. Shoaaiibuu rushed his training company forward; Japanese overran his post, killing him and most staff. As combat neared the river, Soviet artillery and armored cars slowed Yamagata. He redirected to a low hill miles east of the Halha with dug in Soviets—failing to notify Azuma. Bykov regrouped 1 to 2 miles east of the Halha Holsten junction, holding firm. By late morning, Yamagata stalled, digging in against Soviet barrages. Azuma, radio silent due to faults, neared the bridge to find robust Soviet defenses. Artillery commander Lieutenant Yu Vakhtin shifted his 4 76 mm guns east to block seizure. Azuma lacked artillery or anti tank tools, unable to advance. With Yamagata bogged down, Azuma became encircled, the encirclers encircled. Runners reached Yamagata, but his dispersed units couldn't rally or breakthrough. By noon, Azuma faced infantry and cavalry from the east, bombardments from west (both Halha sides). Dismounted cavalry dug sandy defenses. Azuma could have broken out but held per mission, awaiting Yamagata, unaware of the plan shift. Pressure mounted: Major I M Remizov's full 149th Regiment recent Tamsag Bulak arrivals trucked in, tilting odds. Resupply failed; ammo dwindled. Post dusk slackening: A major urged withdrawal; Azuma refused, deeming retreat shameful without orders, a Japanese army hallmark, where "retreat" was taboo, replaced by euphemisms like "advance in a different direction." Unauthorized pullback meant execution. Dawn May 29: Fiercer Soviet barrage, 122 mm howitzers, field guns, mortars, armored cars collapsed trenches. An incendiary hit Azuma's sedan, igniting trucks with wounded and ammo. By late afternoon, Soviets closed to 50 yards on 3 fronts; armored cars breached rear. Survivors fought desperately. Between 6:00 and 7:00 p.m., Azuma led 24 men in a banzai charge, cut down by machine guns. A wounded medical lieutenant ordered escapes; 4 succeeded. Rest killed or captured. Komatsubara belatedly reinforced Yamagata on May 29 with artillery, anti tank guns, and fresh infantry. Sources claim Major Tsuji arrived, rebuked Yamagata for inaction, and spurred corpse recovery over 3 nights, yielding ~200 bodies, including Azuma's. Yamagata withdrew to Kanchuerhmiao, unable to oust foes. Ironically, Remizov mistook recovery truck lights for attacks, briefly pulling back west on May 30. By June 3, discovering the exit, Soviet MPR reoccupied the zone. Japanese blamed:  (1) poor planning/recon by Komatsubara and Yamagata,  (2) comms failures,  (3) Azuma's heavy weapon lack. Losses: ~200 Azuma dead, plus 159 killed, 119 wounded, 12 missing from main force, total 500, 25% of detachment. Soviets praised Vakhtin for thwarting pincers. Claims: Bykov 60 to 70 casualties; TASS 40 killed, 70 wounded total Soviet/MPR. Recent Russian: 138 killed, 198 wounded. MPR cavalry hit hard by Japanese and friendly fire. Soviet media silent until June 26; KwAHQ censored, possibly misleading Tokyo. May 30: Kwantung Chief of Staff General Rensuke Isogai assured AGS of avoiding prolongation via heavy frontier blows, downplaying Soviet buildup and escalation. He requested river crossing gear urgently.   This hinted at Halha invasion (even per Japanese borders: MPR soil). AGS's General Gun Hashimoto affirmed trust in localization: Soviets' vexations manageable, chastisement easy. Colonel Masazumi Inada's section assessed May 31: 1. USSR avoids expansion.  2. Trust Kwantung localization.  3. Intervene on provocative acts like deep MPR air strikes. Phase 1 ended: Kwantung called it mutual win loss, but inaccurate, Azuma destroyed, heavy tolls, remorse gnawing Komatsubara. On June 1, 1939, an urgent summons from Moscow pulled the young deputy commander of the Byelorussian Military District from Minsk to meet Defense Commissar Marshal Kliment Voroshilov. He boarded the first train with no evident concern, even as the army purges faded into memory. This rising cavalry- and tank-expert, Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov, would later help defend Moscow in 1941, triumph at Stalingrad and Kursk, and march to Berlin as a Hero of the Soviet Union.Born in 1896 to a poor family headed by a cobbler, Zhukov joined the Imperial Army in 1915 as a cavalryman. Of average height but sturdy build, he excelled in horsemanship and earned the Cross of St. George and noncommissioned status for bravery in 1916. After the October Revolution, he joined the Red Army and the Bolshevik Party, fighting in the Civil War from 1918 to 1921. His proletarian roots, tactical skill, and ambition propelled him: command of a regiment by 1923, a division by 1931. An early advocate of tanks, he survived the purges, impressing superiors as a results-driven leader and playing a key role in his assignment to Mongolia. In Voroshilov's office on June 2, Zhukov learned of recent clashes. Ordered to fly east, assess the situation, and assume command if needed, he soon met acting deputy chief Ivan Smorodinov, who urged candid reports. Europe's war clouds and rising tensions with Japan concerned the Kremlin. Hours later, Zhukov and his staff flew east. Arriving June 5 at Tamsag Bulak (57th Corps HQ), Zhukov met the staff and found Corps Commander Nikolai Feklenko and most aides clueless; only Regimental Commissar M. S. Nikishev had visited the front. Zhukov toured with Nikishev that afternoon and was impressed by his grasp. By day's end, Zhukov bluntly reported: this is not a simple border incident; the Japanese are likely to escalate; the 57th Corps is inadequate. He suggested holding the eastern Halha bridgehead until reinforcements could enable a counteroffensive, and he criticized Feklenko. Moscow replied on June 6: relieve Feklenko; appoint Zhukov. Reinforcements arrived: the 36th Mechanized Infantry Division; the 7th, 8th, and 9th Mechanized Brigades; the 11th Tank Brigade; the 8th MPR Cavalry Division; a heavy artillery regiment; an air wing of more than 100 aircraft, including 21 pilots who had earned renown in the Spanish Civil War. The force was redesignated as the First Army Group. In June, these forces surged toward Tamsag Bulak, eighty miles west of Halha. However, General Michitaro Komatsubara's 23rd Division and the Kwantung Army Headquarters missed the buildup and the leadership change, an intelligence failure born of carelessness and hubris and echoing May's Azuma disaster, with grave battlefield consequences. Early June remained relatively quiet: the Soviet MPR expanded the east-bank perimeter modestly; there was no major Japanese response. KwAHQ's Commander General Kenkichi Ueda, hoping for a quick closure, toured the Fourth Army from May 31 to June 18. Calm broke on June 19. Komatsubara reported two Soviet strikes inside Manchukuo: 15 planes hit Arshan, inflicting casualties on men and horses; 30 aircraft set fire to 100 petroleum barrels near Kanchuerhmiao. In fact, the raids were less dramatic than described: not on Kanchuerhmiao town (a 3,000-person settlement, 40 miles northwest of Nomonhan) but on a supply dump 12 miles south of it. "Arshan" referred to a small village near the border, near Arshanmiao, a Manchukuoan cavalry depot, not a major railhead at Harlun Arshan 100 miles southeast. The raids were strafing runs rather than bombs. Possibly retaliation for May 15's Japanese raid on the MPR Outpost 7 (two killed, 15 wounded) or a response to Zhukov's bridgehead push. Voroshilov authorized the action; motive remained unclear. Nonetheless, KwAHQ, unused to air attacks after dominating skies in Manchuria, Shanghai (1932), and China, was agitated. The situation resembled a jolt akin to the 1973 North Vietnamese strike on U.S. bases in Thailand: not unprovoked, but shocking. Midday June 19, the Operations Staff met. Major Masanobu Tsuji urged swift reprisal; Colonel Masao Terada urged delay in light of the Tientsin crisis (the new Japanese blockade near Peking). Tsuji argued that firmness at Nomonhan would impress Britain; inaction would invite deeper Soviet bombardments or invasion. He swayed Chief Colonel Takushiro Hattori and others, including Terada. They drafted a briefing: the situation was grave; passivity risked a larger invasion and eroded British respect for Japanese might. After two hours of joint talks, most KwAHQ members supported a strong action. Tsuji drafted a major Halha crossing plan to destroy Soviet MPR forces. Hattori and Terada pressed the plan to Chief of Staff General Rensuke Isogai, an expert on Manchukuo affairs but not operations; he deferred to Deputy General Otozaburo Yano, who was absent. They argued urgency; Isogai noted delays in AGS approval. The pair contended for local Kwantung prerogative, citing the 1937 Amur cancellation; AGS would likely veto. Under pressure, Isogai assented, pending Ueda's approval. Ueda approved but insisted that the 23rd Division lead, not the 7th. Hattori noted the 7th's superiority (four regiments in a "square" arrangement versus the 23rd's three regiments, with May unreliability). Ueda prioritized Komatsubara's honor: assigning another division would imply distrust; "I'd rather die." The plan passed on June 19, an example of gekokujo in action. The plan called for reinforcing the 23rd with: the 2nd Air Group (180 aircraft, Lieutenant General Tetsuji Gigi); the Yasuoka Detachment (Lieutenant General Masaomi Yasuoka: two tank regiments, motorized artillery, and the 26th Infantry of the 7th). Total strength: roughly 15,000 men, 120 guns, 70 tanks, 180 aircraft. KwAHQ estimated the enemy at about 1,000 infantry, 10 artillery pieces, and about 12 armored vehicles, expecting a quick victory. Reconnaissance to Halha was curtailed to avoid alerting the Soviets. Confidence ran high, even as intel warned otherwise. Not all leaders were convinced: the 23rd's ordnance colonel reportedly committed suicide over "awful equipment." An attaché, Colonel Akio Doi, warned of growing Soviet buildup, but operations dismissed the concern. In reality, Zhukov's force comprised about 12,500 men, 109 guns, 186 tanks, 266 armored cars, and more than 100 aircraft, offset by the Soviets' armor advantage. The plan echoed Yamagata's failed May 28 initiative: the 23rd main body would seize the Fui Heights (11 miles north of Halha's Holsten junction), cross by pontoon, and sweep south along the west bank toward the Soviet bridge. Yasuoka would push southeast of Halha to trap and destroy the enemy at the junction. On June 20, Tsuji briefed Komatsubara at Hailar, expressing Ueda's trust while pressing to redeem May's failures. Limited pontoon capacity would not support armor; the operation would be vulnerable to air power. Tsuji's reconnaissance detected Soviet air presence at Tamsag Bulak, prompting a preemptive strike and another plan adjustment. KwAHQ informed Tokyo of the offensive in vague terms (citing raids but withholding air details). Even this caused debate; Minister Seishiro Itagaki supported Ueda's stance, favoring a limited operation to ease nerves. Tokyo concurred, unaware of the air plans. Fearing a veto on the Tamsag Bulak raid (nearly 100 miles behind MPR lines), KwAHQ shielded details from the Soviets and Tokyo. A June 29–30 ground attack was prepared; orders were relayed by courier. The leak reached Tokyo on June 24. Deputy Chief General Tetsuzo Nakajima telegrammed three points: 1) AGS policy to contain the conflict and avoid West MPR air attacks;  2) bombing risks escalation;  3) sending Lieutenant Colonel Yadoru Arisue on June 25 for liaison. Polite Japanese diplomatic phrasing allowed Operations to interpret the message as a suggestion. To preempt Arisue's explicit orders, Tsuji urged secrecy from Ueda, Isogai, and Yano, and an advanced raid to June 27. Arisue arrived after the raid on Tamsag Bulak and Bain Tumen (deeper into MPR territory, now near Choibalsan). The Raid resulted in approximately 120 Japanese planes surprising the Soviets, grounding and destroying aircraft and scrambling their defense. Tsuji, flying in a bomber, claimed 25 aircraft destroyed on the ground and about 100 in the air. Official tallies reported 98 destroyed and 51 damaged; ground kills estimated at 50 to 60 at Bain Tumen. Japanese losses were relatively light: one bomber, two fighters, one scout; seven dead. Another Japanese bomber was shot down over MPR, but the crew was rescued. The raid secured air superiority for July.   Moscow raged over the losses and the perceived failure to warn in time. In the purge era, blame fell on suspected spies and traitors; Deputy Mongolian Commander Luvsandonoi and ex-57th Deputy A. M. Kushchev were accused, arrested, and sent to Moscow. Luvsandonoi was executed; Kushchev received a four-year sentence, later rising to major general and Hero. KwAHQ celebrated; Operations notified AGS by radio. Colonel Masazumi Inada rebuked: "You damned idiot! What do you think the true meaning of this little success is?" A withering reprimand followed. Stunned but unrepentant, KwAHQ soon received Tokyo's formal reprimand: "Report was received today regarding bombing of Outer Mongolian territory by your air units… . Since this action is in fundamental disagreement with policy which we understood your army was taking to settle incident, it is extremely regretted that advance notice of your intent was not received. Needless to say, this matter is attended with such farreaching consequences that it can by no means be left to your unilateral decision. Hereafter, existing policy will be definitely and strictly observed. It is requested that air attack program be discontinued immediately" By Order of the Chief of Staff  By this time, Kwantung Army staff officers stood in high dudgeon. Tsuji later wrote that "tremendous combat results were achieved by carrying out dangerous operations at the risk of our lives. It is perfectly clear that we were carrying out an act of retaliation. What kind of General Staff ignores the psychology of the front lines and tramples on their feelings?" Tsuji drafted a caustic reply, which Kwantung Army commanders sent back to Tokyo, apparently without Ueda or other senior KwAHQ officers' knowledge: "There appear to be certain differences between the Army General Staff and this Army in evaluating the battlefield situation and the measures to be adopted. It is requested that the handling of trivial border-area matters be entrusted to this Army." That sarcastic note from KwAHQ left a deep impression at AGS, which felt something had to be done to restore discipline and order. When General Nakajima informed the Throne about the air raid, the emperor rebuked him and asked who would assume responsibility for the unauthorized attack. Nakajima replied that military operations were ongoing, but that appropriate measures would be taken after this phase ended. Inada sent Terada a telegram implying that the Kwantung Army staff officers responsible would be sacked in due course. Inada pressed to have Tsuji ousted from Kwantung Army immediately, but personnel matters went through the Army Ministry, and Army Minister Itagaki, who knew Tsuji personally, defended him. Tokyo recognized that the situation was delicate; since 1932, Kwantung Army had operated under an Imperial Order to "defend Manchukuo," a broad mandate. Opinions differed in AGS about how best to curb Kwantung Army's operational prerogatives. One idea was to secure Imperial sanction for a new directive limiting Kwantung Army's autonomous combat actions to no more than one regiment. Several other plans circulated. In the meantime, Kwantung Army needed tighter control. On June 29, AGS issued firm instructions to KwAHQ: Directives: a) Kwantung Army is responsible for local settlement of border disputes. b) Areas where the border is disputed, or where defense is tactically unfeasible, need not be defended. Orders: c) Ground combat will be limited to the border region between Manchukuo and Outer Mongolia east of Lake Buir Nor. d) Enemy bases will not be attacked from the air. With this heated exchange of messages, the relationship between Kwantung Army and AGS reached a critical moment. Tsuji called it the "breaking point" between Hsinking and Tokyo. According to Colonel Inada, after this "air raid squabble," gekokujo became much more pronounced in Hsinking, especially within Kwantung Army's Operations Section, which "ceased making meaningful reports" to the AGS Operations Section, which he headed. At KwAHQ, the controversy and the perception of AGS interference in local affairs hardened the resolve of wavering staff officers to move decisively against the USSR. Thereafter, Kwantung Army officers as a group rejected the General Staff's policy of moderation in the Nomonhan incident. Tsuji characterized the conflict between Kwantung Army and the General Staff as the classic clash between combat officers and "desk jockeys." In his view, AGS advocated a policy of not invading enemy territory even if one's own territory was invaded, while Kwantung Army's policy was not to allow invasion. Describing the mindset of the Kwantung Army (and his own) toward the USSR in this border dispute, Tsuji invoked the samurai warrior's warning: "Do not step any closer or I shall be forced to cut you down." Tsuji argued that Kwantung Army had to act firmly at Nomonhan to avoid a larger war later. He also stressed the importance, shared by him and his colleagues, of Kwantung Army maintaining its dignity, which he believed was threatened by both enemy actions and the General Staff. In this emotionally charged atmosphere, the Kwantung Army launched its July offensive. The success of the 2nd Air Group's attack on Tamsag Bulak further inflated KwAHQ's confidence in the upcoming offensive. Although aerial reconnaissance had been intentionally limited to avoid alarming or forewarning the enemy, some scout missions were flown. The scouts reported numerous tank emplacements under construction, though most reports noted few tanks; a single report of large numbers of tanks was downplayed at headquarters. What drew major attention at KwAHQ were reports of large numbers of trucks leaving the front daily and streaming westward into the Mongolian interior. This was interpreted as evidence of a Soviet pullback from forward positions, suggesting the enemy might sense the imminent assault. Orders were issued to speed up final preparations for the assault before Soviet forces could withdraw from the area where the Japanese "meat cleaver" would soon dismember them. What the Japanese scouts had actually observed was not a Soviet withdrawal, but part of a massive truck shuttle that General Grigori Shtern, now commander of Soviet Forces in the Far East, organized to support Zhukov. Each night, Soviet trucks, from distant MPR railway depots to Tamsag Bulak and the combat zone, moved eastward with lights dimmed, carrying supplies and reinforcements. By day, the trucks returned westward for fresh loads. It was these returning trucks, mostly empty, that the Japanese scouts sighted. The Kwantung interpretation of this mass westbound traffic was a serious error, though understandable. The Soviet side was largely ignorant of Japanese preparations, partly because the June 27 air raid had disrupted Soviet air operations, including reconnaissance. In late June, the 23rd Division and Yasuoka's tank force moved from Hailar and Chiangchunmiao toward Nomonhan. A mix of military and civilian vehicles pressed into service, but there was still insufficient motorized transport to move all troops and equipment at once. Most infantry marched the 120 miles to the combat zone, under a hot sun, carrying eighty-pound loads. They arrived after four to six days with little time to recover before the scheduled assault. With Komatsubara's combined force of about 15,000 men, 120 guns, and 70 tanks poised to attack, Kwantung Army estimated Soviet-MPR strength near Nomonhan and the Halha River at about 1,000 men, perhaps ten anti-aircraft guns, ten artillery pieces, and several dozen tanks. In reality, Japanese air activity, especially the big raid of June 27, had put the Soviets on alert. Zhukov suspected a ground attack might occur, though nothing as audacious as a large-scale crossing of the Halha was anticipated. During the night of July 1, Zhukov moved his 11th Tank Brigade, 7th Mechanized Brigade, and 24th Mechanized Infantry Regiment (36th Division) from their staging area near Tamsag Bulak to positions just west of the Halha River. Powerful forces on both sides were being marshaled with little knowledge of the enemy's disposition. As the sun scorched the Mongolian steppes, the stage was set for a clash that would echo through history. General Komatsubara's 23rd Division, bolstered by Yasuoka's armored might and the skies commanded by Gigi's air group, crept toward the Halha River like a predator in the night. Fifteen thousand Japanese warriors, their boots heavy with dust and resolve, prepared to cross the disputed waters and crush what they believed was a faltering foe. Little did they know, Zhukov's reinforcements, tanks rumbling like thunder, mechanized brigades poised in the shadows, had transformed the frontier into a fortress of steel. Miscalculations piled like sand dunes: Japanese scouts mistook supply convoys for retreats, while Soviet eyes, blinded by the June raid, underestimated the impending storm. Kwantung's gekokujo spirit burned bright, defying Tokyo's cautions, as both sides hurtled toward a brutal reckoning. What began as border skirmishes now threatened to erupt into full-scale war, testing the mettle of empires on the edge. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Patrols in May led to failed Japanese offensives, like Colonel Yamagata's disastrous assault and the Azuma detachment's annihilation. Tensions rose with air raids, including Japan's June strike on Soviet bases. By July, misjudged intelligence set the stage for a major confrontation, testing imperial ambitions amid global war clouds.

This weeks show is all about love! You will hear songs focused on all types of love from Pablo Moses, Johnny Osbourne, Everton Blender, Earl Sixteen, Leroy Sibbles, Morgan Heritage, White Mice, Wayne Jarrett, Flabba Holt, Bim Sherman, Burning Spear, Don Carlos, Dennis Brown, Wayne Smith, Barrington Levy, Freddie McKay, Delroy Wilson, Gregory Isaacs, Horace Andy, Dawn Penn, Tabby Diamond, T. Murray, Bob Marley, Tarrus Riley, Freddie McGregor, Sanchez, Beres Hammond, The Far East, Bitty McLean, and JC Lodge. New music this week comes from Eesah, Samory I & Zion I Kings, Zamunda & Fantan Mojah, Heavyweight Rockaz and Big Ras, Toke', Chezidek, Azzizi Romeo, and Jalen Ngonda. Also this week we run an extended oldies session featuring Jimmy London, Phyllis Dillon, Alton Ellis, Cornell Campbell & The Eterrnals, Alexander Henry, Carlton & The Shoes, Johnny Clarke, John Holt, and The Cables. Enjoy! Pablo Moses - I Love I Bring - I Love I Bring - Liberty Records Johnny Osbourne & Scientist w/ Roots Radics - Give A Little Love/Dangerous Match Seven - Junjo Presents: Wins The World Cup - Greensleeves Everton Blender - Where Is The Love - Where Is The Love - Love Injection Earl 16 w/ Nick Manasseh & Vin Gordon - Love Without Feeling - Earl 16 Meets Manasseh: Gold Dust - Roots Garden Leroy Sibbles - Love Won't Come Easy - Original Rockers Deluxe - Greensleeves Jackie Mittoo - Ram Jam - Champion In The Arena 1976-1977 - Blood & Fire Morgan Heritage - What We Need Is Love - More Teachings - VP Records White Mice - True Love - True Love - Intelitec Music Wayne Jarrett - Bubble Up - Wayne Jarrett Showcase Vol. 1 - Wackies Flabba Holt - My Eyes Told Me My Heart Is In Danger - Flabba 12” Bim Sherman - Love Forever - Love Forever: The Classic Jamaican Recordings - EFA/Century Burning Spear - Fly Me To The Moon - Mistress Music - Slash Don Carlos - Gimmie Gimmie Your Love - Negus Roots Dennis Brown - You're Love Gotta Hold On Me - Joe Gibbs 12” Wayne Smith - Ain't No Me Without You - Youthman Skanking - VP Records Barrington Levy - You Say You Love Me - Prison Oval Rock - VP Records Feddie McKay - La La By Woman/Rock A Bye Dub - Creation - VP Records Delroy Wilson - I'm Not A King - Money - Clocktower Errol Dunkley - Black Cinderella - Fe Me Time 7” Horace Andy - Love Of A Woman - Best Of Horace Andy - Trojan Records Gregory Isaacs - All I Have Is Love - The Early Years - Trojan Records Gregory Isaacs & Niney The Observer - Rock On/Murder Observer Style - Observer 12” Dawn Penn - No, No, No - Studio One 12” Dennis Brown & Aza Lineage - Real Love - King Jammy Presents: Dennis Brown: Tracks Of Life - VP Records Tabby Diamond - It Takes A Miracle - Phase One 12”  Eesah & DJ Pamplona - Emergency - Pamplona Beats Samory I & Zion I Kings - Jah Name - Fruits Ripe Riddim - Zion High Productions Busy Signal & Zion I Kings - The Days - Fruits Ripe Riddim - Zion High Productions Zamunda feat. Fantan Mojah - Roots Rock Reggae - Roots Rock Riddim - Natures Way Entertainment Heavyweight Rockaz & Big Ras - Push On - Roots Rock Riddim - Natures Way Entertainment Toke' - Humble Me - Yutman Records Runkus - A Believer - Easy Star Records Chezidek & Dub Akom - What Your Love Is - Cherry Peppa Riddim - Evidence Music Azizzi Romeo - Proven/Proven Dub - Charmax Music Jalen Ngonda - All About Me - Daptone Records 7” The Far East - I'm in Love - Names You Can Trust 7” Jimmy London - A Little Love - Impact 7” Jimmy London - Till I Kiss You - Ackee 7” Phyllis Dillon - Stay Away - Treasure Isle 7” Alton Ellis - Breaking Up - Treasure Isle 7” The Eternals - Stars - Studio One 7” Cornell Campbell - Star - Gorgon 7” Alexander Henry - Please Be True - Coxsone Records 7” Carlton & The Shoes - Love Me Forever - Studio One 7” Gregory Isaacs - I'm Alright aka Loving Pauper - Screaming Target - Trojan Records Johnny Clarke - If You Should Lose Me - Jackpot 7” Delroy Wilson - I Want To Love You - Foundation Singers: Revival Classics Vol. 1 - Attack Alton Ellis - Aint That Loving You - The Duke Reid Collection - Rhino Records John Holt - A Love I Can Feel - Best Of Studio One - Heartbeat Records Tbe Cables - Baby Why - Best Of Studio One - Heartbeat Records Freddie McKay - Love Is A Treasure - Duke Reid Rocks Steady - Trojan Records Bitty McLean & The Supersonics - Walk Away From Love/Walk Away From Love Version - Peckings 7” Angel Hoytt - I Love You Dready/Dready Dub - Park Heights/DKR 7” T. Murray - Beautiful Lady - Right Track 12” Ras Attitude - Living For The Love Of You - Manuka Honey Riddim - Giddimani Records Sinky Beatz - Dub Of Manuka Honey - Giddimani Records Bob Marley & The Wailers - Waiting In Vain - Exodus - Tuff Gong Dennis Brown - Love Has Found Its Way - Ultimate Collection - Hip O Records Tarrus Riley - She's Royal - Parables - VP Records Freddie McGregor - Stop Loving You - Songs For Reggae Lovers 2 - Greensleeves Sanchez - Here I Am - One In A Million: The Best Of Sanchez - VP Records Beres Hammond - Sweetness - Can't Stop A Man: The Ultimate Collection - VP Records Beres Hammond - Can't Stop A Man - Can't Stop A Man: The Ultimate Collection - VP Records Dennis Brown - If I Had The World - Ultimate Collection - Hip O Records Bob Marley & The Wailers - Could You Be Loved 12” Mix - Songs Of Freedom - Tuff Gong JC Lodge - Telephone Love - Music Works 12”

Last time we spoke about The Battle of Suixian–Zaoyang-Shatow. Following the brutal 1938 capture of Wuhan, Japanese forces aimed to solidify their hold by launching an offensive against Chinese troops in the 5th War Zone, a rugged natural fortress in northern Hubei and southern Henan. Under General Yasuji Okamura, the 11th Army deployed three divisions and cavalry in a pincer assault starting May 1, 1939, targeting Suixian and Zaoyang to crush Nationalist resistance and secure flanks. Chinese commander Li Zongren, leveraging terrain like the Dabie and Tongbai Mountains, orchestrated defenses with over 200,000 troops, including Tang Enbo's 31st Army Group. By May 23, they recaptured Suixian and Zaoyang, forcing a Japanese withdrawal with heavy losses, over 13,000 Japanese casualties versus 25,000 Chinese, restoring pre-battle lines. Shifting south, Japan targeted Shantou in Guangdong to sever supply lines from Hong Kong. In a massive June 21 amphibious assault, the 21st Army overwhelmed thin Chinese defenses, capturing the port and Chao'an despite guerrilla resistance led by Zhang Fakui. Though losses mounted, Japan tightened its blockade, straining China's war effort amid ongoing attrition.   #188 From Changkufeng to Nomonhan Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Well hello again, and yes you all have probably guessed we are taking another detour. Do not worry I hope to shorten this one a bit more so than what became a sort of mini series on the battle of Changkufeng or Battle of Lake Khasan. What we are about to jump into is known in the west as the battle of khalkin Gol, by the Japanese the Nomohan incident. But first I need to sort of set the table up so to say. So back on August 10th, 1938 the Litvinov-Shigemitsu agreement established a joint border commission tasked with redemarcating the disputed boundary between the Soviet Union and Japanese-controlled Manchukuo. However, this commission never achieved a mutually agreeable definition of the border in the contested area. In reality, the outcome was decided well before the group's inaugural meeting. Mere hours after the cease-fire took effect on the afternoon of August 11, General Grigory Shtern convened with a regimental commander from Japan's 19th Division to coordinate the disengagement of forces. With the conflict deemed "honorably" concluded, Japan's Imperial General Headquarters mandated the swift withdrawal of all Japanese troops to the west bank of the Tumen River. By the night of August 13, as the final Japanese soldier crossed the river, it effectively became the de facto border. Soviet forces promptly reoccupied Changkufeng Hill and the adjacent heights—a move that would carry unexpected and profound repercussions. Authoritative Japanese military analyses suggest that if negotiations in Moscow had dragged on for just one more day, the 19th Division would likely have been dislodged from Changkufeng and its surrounding elevations. Undoubtedly, General Shtern's infantry breathed a sigh of relief as the bloodshed ceased. Yet, one can't help but question why Moscow opted for a cease-fire at a juncture when Soviet troops were on the cusp of total battlefield triumph. Perhaps Kremlin leaders deemed it wiser to settle for a substantial gain, roughly three-quarters of their objectives, rather than risk everything. After all, Japan had mobilized threatening forces in eastern Manchuria, and the Imperial Army had a history of impulsive, unpredictable aggression. Moreover, amid the escalating crisis over Czechoslovakia, Moscow may have been wary of provoking a broader Asian conflict. Another theory posits that Soviet high command was misinformed about the ground situation. Reports of capturing a small segment of Changkufeng's crest might have been misinterpreted as control over the entire ridge, or an imminent full takeover before midnight on August 10. The unexpected phone call from Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinov to the Japanese embassy that night—proposing a one-kilometer Japanese retreat in exchange for a cease-fire along existing lines—hints at communication breakdowns between Shtern's headquarters and the Kremlin. Ironically, such lapses may have preserved Japanese military honor, allowing the 19th Division's evacuation through diplomacy rather than defeat. Both sides endured severe losses. Initial Japanese press reports claimed 158 killed and 740 wounded. However, the 19th Division's medical logs reveal a grimmer toll: 526 dead and 914 injured, totaling 1,440 casualties. The true figure may have climbed higher, possibly to 1,500–2,000. Following the armistice, the Soviet news agency TASS reported 236 Red Army fatalities and 611 wounded. Given Shtern's uphill assaults across open terrain against entrenched positions, these numbers seem understated. Attackers in such scenarios typically suffered two to three times the defenders' losses, suggesting Soviet casualties ranged from 3,000 to 5,000. This aligns with a Soviet Military Council investigation on August 31, 1938, which documented 408 killed and 2,807 wounded. Japanese estimates placed Soviet losses even higher, at 4,500–7,000. Not all victims perished in combat. Marshal Vasily Blyukher, a decorated Soviet commander, former warlord of the Far East, and Central Committee candidate, was summoned to Moscow in August 1938. Relieved of duty in September and arrested with his family in October, he faced charges of inadequate preparation against Japanese aggression and harboring "enemies of the people" within his ranks. On November 9, 1938, Blyukher died during interrogation a euphemism for torture-induced death.Other innocents suffered as well. In the wake of the fighting, Soviet authorities deported hundreds of thousands of Korean rice farmers from the Ussuri region to Kazakhstan, aiming to eradicate Korean settlements that Japanese spies had allegedly exploited. The Changkufeng clash indirectly hampered Japan's Wuhan offensive, a massive push to subdue China. The influx of troops and supplies for this campaign was briefly disrupted by the border flare-up. Notably, Kwantung Army's 2nd Air Group, slated for Wuhan, was retained due to the Soviet threat. Chiang Kai-shek's drastic measure, breaching the Yellow River dikes to flood Japanese advance routes—further delayed the assault. By October 25, 1938, when Japanese forces captured Hankow, Chiang had relocated his capital to distant Chungking. Paradoxically, Wuhan's fall cut rail links from Canton inland, heightening Chiang's reliance on Soviet aid routed overland and by air from Central Asia. Japan secured a tactical win but missed the decisive blow; Chinese resistance persisted, pinning down a million Japanese troops in occupation duties. What was the true significance of Changkufeng? For General Koiso Suetaka and the 19th Division, it evoked a mix of bitterness and pride. Those eager for combat got their share, though not on their terms. To veterans mourning fallen comrades on those desolate slopes, it might have felt like senseless tragedy. Yet, they fought valiantly under dire conditions, holding firm until a retreat that blended humiliation with imperial praise, a bittersweet inheritance. For the Red Army, it marked a crucial trial of resolve amid Stalin's purges. While Shtern's forces didn't shine brilliantly, they acquitted themselves well in adversity. The U.S. military attaché in Moscow observed that any purge-related inefficiencies had been surmounted, praising the Red Army's valor, reliability, and equipment. His counterpart in China, Colonel Joseph Stilwell, put it bluntly: the Soviets "appeared to advantage," urging skeptics to rethink notions of a weakened Red Army. Yet, by World War II's eve, many British, French, German, and Japanese leaders still dismissed it as a "paper tiger." Soviet leaders appeared content, promoting Shtern to command the Transbaikal Military District and colonel general by 1940, while honoring "Heroes of Lake Khasan" with medals. In a fiery November 7, 1938, speech, Marshal Kliment Voroshilov warned that future incursions would prompt strikes deep into enemy territory. Tokyo's views diverged sharply. Many in the military and government saw it as a stain on Imperial Army prestige, especially Kwantung Army, humiliated on Manchukuo soil it swore to protect. Colonel Masanobu Tsuji Inada, however, framed it as a successful reconnaissance, confirming Soviet border defense without broader aggression, allowing the Wuhan push to proceed safely. Critics, including Major General Gun Hashimoto and historians, questioned this. They argued IGHQ lacked contingency plans for a massive Soviet response, especially with Wuhan preparations underway since June. One expert warned Japan had "played with fire," risking Manchuria and Korea if escalation occurred. Yet, Japanese commanders gleaned few lessons, downplaying Soviet materiel superiority and maintaining disdain for Red Army prowess. The 19th Division's stand against outnumbered odds reinforced this hubris, as did tolerance for local insubordination—attitudes that would prove costly. The Kremlin, conversely, learned Japan remained unpredictable despite its China quagmire. But for Emperor Hirohito's intervention, the conflict might have ballooned. Amid purges and the Czech crisis, Stalin likely viewed it as a reminder of eastern vulnerabilities, especially with Munich advancing German threats westward. Both sides toyed with peril. Moderation won in Tokyo, but Kwantung Army seethed. On August 11, Premier Fumimaro Konoye noted the need for caution. Kwantung, however, pushed for and secured control of the disputed salient from Chosen Army by October 8, 1938. Even winter's chill couldn't quench their vengeful fire, setting the stage for future confrontations. A quick look at the regional map reveals how Manchukuo and the Mongolian People's Republic each jut into the other's territory like protruding salients. These bulges could be seen as aggressive thrusts into enemy land, yet they also risked encirclement and absorption by the opposing empire. A northward push from western Manchuria through Mongolia could sever the MPR and Soviet Far East from the USSR's heartland. Conversely, a pincer movement from Mongolia and the Soviet Maritime Province might envelop and isolate Manchukuo. This dynamic highlights the frontier's strategic volatility in the 1930s. One particularly tense sector was the broad Mongolian salient extending about 150 miles eastward into west-central Manchukuo. There, in mid-1939, Soviet-Japanese tensions erupted into major combat. Known to the Japanese as the Nomonhan Incident and to the Soviets and Mongolians as the Battle of Khalkhin Gol, this clash dwarfed the earlier Changkufeng affair in scale, duration, and impact. Spanning four months and claiming 30,000 to 50,000 casualties, it amounted to a small undeclared war, the modern era's first limited conflict between great powers. The Mongolian salient features vast, semiarid plains of sandy grassland, gently rolling terrain dotted with sparse scrub pines and low shrubs. The climate is unforgivingly continental: May brings hot days and freezing nights, while July and August see daytime highs exceeding 38°C (100°F in American units), with cool evenings. Swarms of mosquitoes and massive horseflies necessitate netting in summer. Rainfall is scarce, but dense morning fogs are common in August. Come September, temperatures plummet, with heavy snows by October and midwinter lows dipping to –34°C. This blend of North African aridity and North Dakotan winters supports only sparse populations, mainly two related but distinct Mongol tribes. The Buriat (or Barga) Mongols migrated into the Nomonhan area from the northwest in the late 17th to early 18th centuries, likely fleeing Russian expansion after the 1689 Treaty of Nerchinsk. Organized by Manchu emperors between 1732 and 1735, they settled east of the river they called Khalkhin Gol (Mongolian for "river"), in lands that would later become Manchukuo. The Khalkha Mongols, named for the word meaning "barrier" or "shield," traditionally guarded the Mongol Empire's northern frontiers. Their territories lay west of the Buriats, in what would become the MPR. For centuries, these tribes herded livestock across sands, river crossings, and desert paths, largely oblivious to any formal borders. For hundreds of years, the line dividing the Mongolian salient from western Manchuria was a hazy administrative divide within the Qing Empire. In the 20th century, Russia's detachment of Outer Mongolia and Japan's seizure of Manchuria transformed this vague boundary into a frontline between rival powers. The Nomonhan Incident ignited over this contested border. Near the salient's northeastern edge, the river, called Khalkhin Gol by Mongols and Soviets, and Halha by Manchurians and Japanese, flows northwest into Lake Buir Nor. The core dispute: Was the river, as Japan asserted, the historic boundary between Manchukuo and the MPR? Soviet and MPR officials insisted the line ran parallel to and 10–12 miles east of the river, claiming the intervening strip. Japan cited no fewer than 18 maps, from Chinese and Japanese sources, to support the river as the border, a logical choice in such barren terrain, where it served as the sole natural divider. Yet, Soviets and Mongolians countered with evidence like a 1919 Chinese postal atlas and maps from Japanese and Manchukuoan agencies (1919–1934). Unbeknownst to combatants, in July 1939, China's military attaché in Moscow shared a 1934 General Staff map with his American counterpart, showing the border east of the river. Postwar Japanese studies of 18th-century Chinese records confirm that in 1734, the Qing emperor set a boundary between Buriat and Khalkha Mongols east of the river, passing through the hamlet of Nomonhan—as the Soviets claimed. However, Kwantung Army Headquarters dismissed this as non-binding, viewing it as an internal Qing affair without Russian involvement. Two former Kwantung Army officers offer a pragmatic explanation: From 1931 to 1935, when Soviet forces in the Far East were weak, Japanese and Manchukuoan authorities imposed the river as the de facto border, with MPR acquiescence. By the mid- to late 1930s, as Soviet strength grew, Japan refused to yield, while Mongolians and Soviets rejected the river line, sparking clashes. In 1935, Kwantung Army revised its maps to align with the river claim. From late that year, the Lake Buir Nor–Halha sector saw frequent skirmishes between Manchukuoan and MPR patrols. Until mid-1938, frontier defense in northwestern Manchukuo fell to the 8th Border Garrison Unit , based near Hailar. This 7,000-man force, spread thin, lacked mobility, training, and, in Kwantung Army's eyes, combat readiness. That summer, the newly formed 23rd Division, under Kwantung Army, took station at Hailar, absorbing the 8th BGU under its command, led by Lieutenant General Michitaro Komatsubara. At 52, Komatsubara was a premier Russian specialist in the Imperial Army, with stints as military attaché in the USSR and head of Kwantung's Special Services Agency in Harbin. Standing 5'7" with a sturdy build, glasses, and a small mustache, he was detail-oriented, keeping meticulous diaries, writing lengthy letters, and composing poetry, though he lacked combat experience. Before departing Tokyo in July 1938, Komatsubara received briefings from Colonel Masazumi Inada, AGS Operations Section chief. Amid planning for Changkufeng, Inada urged calm on the Manchukuo-MPR border given China's ongoing campaigns. Guidelines: Ignore minor incidents, prioritize intelligence on Soviet forces east of Lake Baikal, and study operations against the Soviet Far East's western sector. Familiar with the region from his Harbin days, Komatsubara adopted a low-key approach. Neither impulsive nor aggressive, he kept the green 23rd Division near Hailar, delegating patrols to the 8th BGU. An autumn incident underscores his restraint. On November 1, 1938, an 8th BGU patrol was ambushed by MPR forces. Per Japanese accounts, the three-man team, led by a lieutenant, strayed too close to the border and was attacked 50 meters inside Manchukuo. The lieutenant escaped, but his men died. Komatsubara sent an infantry company to secure the site but forbade retaliation. He pursued body recovery diplomatically, protested to MPR and Soviet officials, and disciplined his officers: garrison leaders got five days' confinement for poor troop training, the lieutenant thirty days. Despite this caution, pressures at AGS and KwAHQ were mounting, poised to thrust the 23rd Division into fierce battle. Modern militaries routinely develop contingency plans against potential adversaries, and the mere existence of such strategies doesn't inherently signal aggressive intentions. That said, shifts in Japan's operational planning vis-à-vis the Soviet Union may have inadvertently fueled the Nomonhan Incident. From 1934 to 1938, Japanese war scenarios emphasized a massive surprise assault in the Ussuri River region, paired with defensive holding actions in northwestern Manchuria. However, between mid-1938 and early 1939, a clandestine joint task force from the Army General Staff  and Kwantung Army's Operations Departments crafted a bold new blueprint. This revised strategy proposed containing Soviet forces in the east and north while unleashing a full-scale offensive from Hailar, advancing west-northwest toward Chita and ultimately Lake Baikal. The goal: sever the Transbaikal Soviet Far East from the USSR's core. Dubbed Plan Eight-B, it gained Kwantung Army's endorsement in March 1939. Key architects—Colonels Takushiro Hattori and Masao Terada, along with Major Takeharu Shimanuki—were reassigned from AGS to Kwantung Army Headquarters to oversee implementation. The plan anticipated a five-year buildup before execution, with Hattori assuming the role of chief operations staff officer.  A map review exposes a glaring vulnerability in Plan Eight-B: the Japanese advance would leave its southern flank exposed to Soviet counterstrikes from the Mongolian salient. By spring 1939, KwAHQ likely began perceiving this protrusion as a strategic liability. Notably, at the outbreak of Nomonhan hostilities, no detailed operational contingencies for the area had been formalized. Concurrently, Japan initiated plans for a vital railroad linking Harlun Arshan to Hailar. While its direct tie to Plan Eight-B remains unclear, the route skirted perilously close to the Halha River, potentially heightening KwAHQ's focus on the disputed Mongolian salient. In early 1939, the 23rd Division intensified reconnaissance patrols near the river. Around this time, General Grigory Shtern, freshly appointed commander of Soviet Far Eastern forces, issued a public warning that Japan was gearing up for an assault on the Mongolian People's Republic. As Plan Eight-B took shape and railroad proposals advanced, KwAHQ issued a strikingly confrontational set of guidelines for frontier troops. These directives are often cited as a catalyst for the Nomonhan clash, forging a chain linking the 1937 Amur River incident, the 1938 Changkufeng debacle, and the 1939 conflict.Resentment had festered at KwAHQ over perceived AGS meddling during the Amur affair, which curtailed their command autonomy. This frustration intensified at Changkufeng, where General Kamezo Suetaka's 19th Division endured heavy losses, only for the contested Manchukuoan territory to be effectively ceded. Kwantung Army lobbied successfully to wrest oversight of the Changkufeng salient from Chosen Army. In November 1938, Major Masanobu Tsuji of KwAHQ's Operations Section was sent to survey the site. The audacious officer was dismayed: Soviet forces dominated the land from the disputed ridge to the Tumen River. Tsuji undertook several winter reconnaissance missions. His final outing in March 1939 involved leading 40 men to Changkufeng's base. With rifles slung non-threateningly, they ascended to within 200 yards of Soviet lines, formed a line, and urinated in unison, eliciting amused reactions from the enemy. They then picnicked with obentos and sake, sang army tunes, and left gifts of canned meat, chocolates, and whiskey. This theatrical stunt concealed Tsuji's real aim: covert photography proving Soviet fortifications encroached on Manchukuoan soil. Tsuji was a singular figure. Born of modest means, he embodied a modern samurai ethos, channeling a sharp intellect into a frail, often ailing body through feats of extraordinary daring. A creative tactician, he thrived in intelligence ops, political scheming, aerial scouting, planning, and frontline command—excelling across a tumultuous career. Yet, flaws marred his brilliance: narrow bigotry, virulent racism, and capacity for cruelty. Ever the ambitious outsider, Tsuji wielded outsized influence via gekokujo—Japan's tradition of subordinates steering policy from below. In 1939, he was a major, but his pivotal role at Nomonhan stemmed from this dynamic. Back in Hsinking after his Changkufeng escapade, Tsuji drafted a response plan: negotiate border "rectification" with the Soviets; if talks failed, launch an attack to expel intruders. Kwantung Army adopted it. Deputy Chief of Staff Major General Otozaburo Yano flew to Tokyo with Tsuji's photos, seeking AGS approval. There, he was rebuffed—Changkufeng was deemed settled, and minor violations should be overlooked amid Tokyo's aversion to Soviet conflict. Yano's plea that leniency would invite aggression was countered by notes on Europe's tensions restraining Moscow. Yano's return sparked outrage at KwAHQ, seen as AGS thwarting their imperial duty to safeguard Manchukuo. Fury peaked in the Operations Section, setting the stage for Tsuji's drafting of stringent new frontier guidelines: "Principles for the Settlement of Soviet-Manchukuoan Border Disputes." The core tenet: "If Soviet troops transgress the Manchukuoan frontiers, Kwantung Army will nip their ambitions in the bud by completely destroying them." Specific directives for local commanders included: "If the enemy crosses the frontiers … annihilate him without delay, employing strength carefully built up beforehand. To accomplish our mission, it is permissible to enter Soviet territory, or to trap or lure Soviet troops into Manchukuoan territory and allow them to remain there for some time… . Where boundary lines are not clearly defined, area defense commanders will, upon their own initiative, establish boundaries and indicate them to the forward elements… . In the event of an armed clash, fight until victory is won, regardless of relative strengths or of the location of the boundaries. If the enemy violates the borders, friendly units must challenge him courageously and endeavor to triumph in their zone of action without concerning themselves about the consequences, which will be the responsibility of higher headquarters." Major Tsuji Masanobu later justified the new guidelines by pointing to the "contradictory orders" that had hamstrung frontier commanders under the old rules. They were tasked with upholding Manchukuo's territorial integrity yet forbidden from actions that might spark conflict. This, Tsuji argued, bred hesitation, as officers feared repercussions for decisive responses to incursions. The updated directives aimed to alleviate this "anxiety," empowering local leaders to act boldly without personal liability. In truth, Tsuji's "Principles for the Settlement of Soviet-Manchukuoan Border Disputes" were more incendiary than conciliatory. They introduced provocative measures: authorizing commanders to unilaterally define unclear boundaries, enforce them with immediate force "shoot first, ask questions later", permit pursuits into enemy territory, and even encourage luring adversaries across the line. Such tactics flouted both government policy and official army doctrine, prioritizing escalation over restraint. The proposals sparked intense debate within Kwantung Army's Operations Section. Section chief Colonel Takushiro Hattori and Colonel Masao Terada outranked Tsuji, as did Major Takeharu Shimanuki, all recent transfers from the Army General Staff. Tsuji, however, boasted longer tenure at Kwantung Army Headquarters since April 1936 and in Operations since November 1937, making him the de facto veteran. Hattori and Terada hesitated to challenge the assertive major, whose reputation for intellect, persuasion, and deep knowledge of Manchuria commanded respect. In a 1960 interview, Shimanuki recalled Tsuji's dominance in discussions, where his proactive ideas often swayed the group. Unified, the section forwarded Tsuji's plan to Kwantung Army Command. Commander Lieutenant General Kenkichi Ueda consulted Chief of Staff General Rensuke Isogai and Vice Chief General Otozaburo Yano, seasoned leaders who should have spotted the guidelines' volatility. Yet, lingering grudges from AGS "interference" in past incidents like the Amur River and Changkufeng clouded their judgment. Ueda, Isogai, and Tsuji shared history from the 1932 Shanghai Incident: Tsuji, then a captain, led a company in the 7th Regiment under Colonel Isogai, with Yano as staff officer and Ueda commanding the 9th Division. Tsuji was wounded there, forging bonds of camaraderie. This "clique," which grew to include Hattori, Terada, and Shimanuki, amplified Tsuji's influence. Despite Isogai's initial reservations as the group's moderate voice, the guidelines won approval. Ueda issued them as Kwantung Army Operations Order 1488 on April 25, 1939, during a division commanders' conference at KwAHQ. A routine copy reached AGS in Tokyo, but no formal reply came. Preoccupied with the China War and alliance talks with Germany, AGS may have overlooked border matters. Colonel Masazumi Inada, AGS Operations head, later noted basic acceptance of Order 1488, with an informal expectation—relayed to Hattori and Terada—of prior consultation on violations. KwAHQ dismissed this as another Tokyo intrusion on their autonomy. Some Japanese analysts contend a stern AGS rejection might have prevented Nomonhan's catastrophe, though quelling Kwantung's defiance could have required mass staff reassignments, a disruptive step AGS avoided. Tsuji countered that permitting forceful action at Changkufeng would have deterred Nomonhan altogether, underscoring the interconnectedness of these clashes while implicitly critiquing the 1939 battle's location. Undeniably, Order 1488's issuance on April 25 paved the way for conflict three weeks later. Japanese records confirm that Khalkha Mongols and MPR patrols routinely crossed the Halha River—viewed by them as internal territory, 10 miles from the true border. Such crossings passed uneventfully in March and April 1939. Post-Order 1488, however, 23rd Division commander General Michitaro Komatsubara responded aggressively, setting the stage for escalation. The Nomonhan Incident ignited with a border clash on May 11–12, 1939, that rapidly spiraled into a major conflict. Over a dozen "authoritative" accounts exist, varying in viewpoint, focus, and specifics. After cross-referencing these sources, a coherent timeline emerges. On the night of May 10–11, a 20-man Mongolian People's Republic border patrol crossed eastward over the Halha River (known as Khalkhin Gol to Mongols and Soviets). About 10 miles east, atop a 150-foot sandy hill, lay the tiny hamlet of Nomonhan, a cluster of crude huts housing a few Mongol families. Just south flowed the Holsten River, merging westward into the broader Halha. By morning on May 11, Manchukuoan forces spotted the MPR patrol north of the Holsten and west of Nomonhan. In the MPR/Soviet perspective, Nomonhan Hill marked the Mongolia-Manchuria border. To Manchukuoans and Japanese, it sat 10 miles inside Manchukuo, well east of the Halha. A 40-man Manchukuoan cavalry unit repelled the Mongolians back across the river, inflicting initial casualties on both sides—the Manchukuoans drawing first blood. The MPR patrol leader exaggerated the attackers as 200 strong. The next day, May 12, a 60-man MPR force under Major P. Chogdan evicted the Manchukuoans from the disputed zone, reestablishing positions between the Halha and Nomonhan. The Manchukuoans, in turn, reported facing 700 enemies. Sporadic skirmishes and maneuvering persisted through the week. On May 13, two days post-clash, the local Manchukuoan commander alerted General Michitaro Komatsubara's 23rd Division headquarters in Hailar. Simultaneously, Major Chogdan reported to Soviet military command in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia's capital. What began as a Mongolian-Manchukuoan spat was poised to draw in Soviet and Japanese patrons. Attributing the May 10–11 violation hinges on border interpretations: both sides claimed the Halha-Nomonhan strip. Yet, most accounts concur that Manchukuoan forces initiated the fighting. Post-May 13 notifications to Moscow and Tokyo clarify the record thereafter. Midday on May 13, Komatsubara was leading a staff conference on the newly issued Kwantung Army Operations Order 1488—Major Tsuji Masanobu's aggressive border guidelines. Ironically, the first Nomonhan combat report arrived mid-discussion. Officers present recall Komatsubara deciding instantly to "destroy the invading Outer Mongolian forces" per Order 1488. That afternoon, he informed Kwantung Army Headquarters of the incident and his intent to eradicate the intruders, requesting air support and trucks. General Kenkichi Ueda, Kwantung commander, approved Komatsubara's "positive attitude," dispatching six scout planes, 40 fighters, 10 light bombers, two anti-aircraft batteries, and two motorized transport companies. Ueda added a caveat: exercise "extreme caution" to prevent escalation—a paradoxical blend of destruction and restraint, reflective of KwAHQ's fervent mood. Ueda relayed the details to Tokyo's Army General Staff, which responded that Kwantung should handle it "appropriately." Despite Kwantung's impulsive reputation, Tokyo deferred, perhaps trusting the northern strategic imbalance, eight Japanese divisions versus 30 Soviet ones from Lake Baikal to Vladivostok, would enforce prudence. This faith proved misguided. On May 14, Major Tsuji flew from KwAHQ for aerial reconnaissance over Nomonhan, spotting 20 horses but no troops. Upon landing, a fresh bullet hole in his plane confirmed lingering MPR presence east of the Halha. Tsuji briefed 23rd Division staff and reported to Ueda that the incident seemed minor. Aligning with Order 1488's spirit, Komatsubara deployed a force under Lieutenant Colonel Yaozo Azuma: an armored car company, two infantry companies, and a cavalry troop. Arriving at Nomonhan on May 15, Azuma learned most MPR forces had retreated westward across the Halha the prior night, with only token elements remaining, and those withdrawing. Undeterred, he pursued. The advance met scant resistance, as foes had crossed the river. However, Japanese light bombers struck a small MPR concentration on the west bank, Outpost Number 7, killing two and wounding 15 per MPR reports; Japanese claimed 30–40 kills. All agree: the raid targeted undisputed MPR territory. Hearing of May 15's events, Komatsubara deemed the Mongolians sufficiently rebuked and recalled Azuma to Hailar on May 16. KwAHQ concurred, closing the matter. Soviet leaders, however, saw it differently. Mid-May prompted Soviet support for the MPR under their 1936 Mutual Defense Pact. The Red Army's 57th Corps, stationed in Mongolia, faced initial disarray: Commander Nikolai Feklenko was hunting, Chief of Staff A. M. Kushchev in Ulan Ude with his ill wife. Moscow learned of clashes via international press from Japanese sources, sparking Chief of Staff Boris Shaposhnikov's furious inquiry. Feklenko and Kushchev rushed back to Ulaanbaatar, dispatching a mixed force—a battalion from the 149th Infantry Regiment (36th Division), plus light armor and artillery from the 11th Tank Brigade—to Tamsag Bulak, 80 miles west of the Halha. Led by Major A. E. Bykov, it bolstered the MPR's 6th Cavalry Division. Bykov and Cavalry Commander Colonel Shoaaiibuu inspected the site on May 15, post-Azum's departure. The cavalry arrived two days later, backed by Bykov (ordered to remain west of the river and avoid combat if possible). Some MPR troops recrossed, occupying the disputed zone. Clashes with Manchukuoan cavalry resumed and intensified. Notified of renewed hostilities, Komatsubara viewed it as defiance, a personal affront. Emboldened by Order 1488, he aimed not just to repel but to encircle and annihilate. The incident was on the verge of major expansion. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The ghosts of the Changufeng incident have come back to haunt both the USSR and Japan. Those like Tsuji Masanobu instigated yet another border clash that would erupt into a full blown battle that would set a precedent for both nations until the very end of WW2. 

Today, we are heading back to the Burma campaign, but through a slightly different lens. Rather than focusing on a single battle or operation, we examine three men who shaped how the war in Burma was fought and ultimately won. When people think of British commanders in the Far East, one name usually stands out: Bill Slim. His leadership of the Fourteenth Army and the victories at Imphal, Kohima and the advance into Burma rightly secure his place among Britain's most successful wartime commanders. Claude Auchinleck is also well known, though more often for the Middle East than for his crucial role in India during the later war years. But there is a third figure who is far less familiar, Reginald Savory. He was not a battlefield commander in the popular sense, but his influence on training, doctrine and the transformation of the Indian Army was profound. Without the changes he helped drive, the victories of 1944 and 1945 would have looked very different. Today, I am joined by Alan Jefferys and Raymond Callahan, authors of Churchill's Forgotten Generals: Victors in Burma. In the book, they bring these three careers together, showing how Auchinleck, Slim and Savory were shaped by the Indian Army, how they learned from early defeat, and how their combined efforts turned Burma from disaster into success. What makes this story so compelling is that it is not just about command at the front. It is about institutions, training, morale and the hard work of learning how to fight a modern jungle war.   patreon.com/ww2podcast