Podcasts about Class C

Avison Young's Justin Cazana on Knoxville's office boom, nuclear-driven growth, why tertiary markets quietly survived the office crisis, and how to build a dominant local practice. The Crexi Podcast connects commercial real estate (CRE) professionals with industry insights built for smart decision-making. In each episode, we explore the latest trends, innovations and opportunities shaping commercial real estate, because we believe knowledge should move at the speed of ambition and every conversation should empower professionals to act with greater clarity and confidence. Justin Cazana is a third-generation real estate professional and principal at Avison Young in Knoxville. Before commercial real estate, he spent nearly a decade in sports broadcasting — calling minor league baseball, SEC football, and Fox Sports Net Olympic coverage — before the family business pulled him home. In this episode, Justin joins host Adam Siegel on why Knoxville's office market never really broke, what Oak Ridge and nuclear growth are doing to demand, and why investing in people is the unlock most brokers miss. Introducing Justin Cazana of Avison Young Knoxville Third-generation CRE: sweeping warehouses and dinner table deal talk From Auburn journalism to minor league baseball broadcasting Hall of Famers in the same league and why he eventually walked away Coming back to Knoxville and learning the business under his father Opening Cushman & Wakefield's Knoxville office in 2010 with seven brokers Managing people is the hardest part — and why hiring a COO changed everything The 10x mindset: what are the 20 things only you should be doing Assistants, VAs, and why every broker should view hires as investments Why they left Cushman for Avison Young in 2015 In tertiary markets, the relationship outlasts the flag every time Knoxville by the numbers: a million-person metro, 24M square feet of office Why tertiary market office never collapsed the way primary markets did Smaller tenants, local ownership, and coming back to the office faster after COVID The retention math: upgrading from Class C to Class A pays for itself How HR became the real estate decision-maker The 11-minute commute and what makes Knoxville an easy sell No income tax, four seasons, UT football, and a Cubs AA ballpark Oak Ridge, nuclear growth, and 180,000 square feet of engineering deals in one year 92% occupancy, a supply problem, and developers ready to build on lease-up Why institutional developers haven't moved in — and local developers fill the gap Downtown Knoxville: no new office building since 1992 The next three to five years: nuclear, airports, Smith & Wesson, and more   About Justin Cazana: Justin Cazana is a Principal and broker at Avison Young's Knoxville office, where he specializes in both tenant and landlord representation across office, industrial, and retail asset classes. He holds both the SIOR and CCIM designations and has deep expertise in the Knoxville market, where he has built a practice rooted in local market knowledge and client relationships. Justin's career path into commercial real estate was far from traditional. Before joining the industry, he worked in television and radio sports broadcasting, including minor league baseball, Fox Sports Net and Comcast Sports. After transitioning into commercial real estate over two decades ago, Justin played a key role in opening Cushman & Wakefield's Knoxville office and later helped lead the migration to Avison Young in 2015. Today, Justin works across most commercial asset classes but with a focus on the Knoxville market and has built a reputation as the go-to expert for understanding one of the country's fastest-growing tertiary markets. For show notes, past guests, and more CRE content, please check out Crexi's blog.Looking to stay ahead in commercial real estate? Visit Crexi to explore properties, analyze markets, and connect with opportunities nationwide. Follow Crexi:https://www.crexi.com/​ https://www.crexi.com/instagram​ https://www.crexi.com/facebook​ https://www.crexi.com/twitter​ https://www.crexi.com/linkedin​ https://www.youtube.com/crexi About Crexi:Crexi is reimagining commercial real estate with an AI-powered platform built to deliver smarter, more efficient solutions at every stage of the deal lifecycle. From real-time data and market insights with Crexi Intelligence, to targeted property marketing and seamless deal management through Crexi PRO, and a transparent, time-bound bidding experience with Crexi Auction— Crexi enables users to evaluate opportunities, maximize exposure, and close with speed and confidence. To date, Crexi has subsidized over $2.74 trillion in property value, 26 billion square feet listed, and supports a growing community of more than 23 million yearly users.

Bobby and Wally kick off this episode by posing a tough question to all pilots: could you handle an emergency tonight? They stress that you don't rise to the occasion but fall to the level of your training, sharing examples of how complacency creeps in during checkrides and real flights. The hosts dive into memory items every pilot should know cold, like engine fire during start procedures, glide speeds, and oil pressure emergencies, while advocating for scenario-based training and chair flying to build reflexive habits. They explore real-world case studies, including a pilot in Australia who executed a calm gear-up landing after hours of troubleshooting and fuel burn-off. Wally recounts a medical emergency on a 737 where staying calm and breathing first made all the difference. The conversation turns to proactive strategies for night flying, such as following freeways, flying higher for more options, and using tools like ForeFlight's emergency glide mode to improve odds during engine failures or electrical issues. In the lightning round, they challenge listeners with scenarios like engine roughness at night over a city, comms failure into Class C airspace, and night VFR with lowering ceilings. The takeaway is clear: build habits through deliberate practice with instructors or solo, know your airplane's POH inside out, and prepare your brain for the day you hope never comes so you can fly safely and confidently anytime.

A lot of RVers have decided that they don't want an RV that has any slide rooms in it. But most RVs coming from the factory have at least one slide room.So this video reveals 3 of the best brands and models of Class C RV motorhomes that have no slides at all, and are built with better overall build quality than their competition.My video on slide systems in use in RVs today and which are the best ones to choose - https://youtu.be/vSrHubAGUuc

College dropout Rob Beardsley started buying multifamily real estate at 21 years old. Today, his company manages over $1 billion in assets across 25 properties with more than 200 employees and zero investor losses. In this episode, Rob breaks down:How he scaled to $1B AUM before 30The biggest mistakes multifamily operators made during the boomWhy most Class C deals aren't worth the headacheThe real reason masterminds accelerate successHow to survive market cycles and scale the right wayWhy long-term thinking beats chasing fast moneyThis is one of the most practical conversations we've had on multifamily investing, scaling a real estate company, and building through difficult markets.Curious as to how we've bought multiple businesses and built millions in equity? Give this video a watch for a full breakdown: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cviipnGtDWI&feature=youtu.beIf you are serious about building a life on your terms and want to surround yourself with people who are actually doing it, go to: https://actionacademy.com?el=action_academy_podcastIf you want to leave corporate America in the next 6-18 months - you should check out our Action Academy Community

Class C: A Reflection on Theatre's Power and Relevance in 2026Join us for an in-depth conversation with playwright Chaz T. Martin as we explore the profound themes, production insights, and societal reflections embedded in the world premiere of Class C. This episode delves into the play's relevance, its production journey, and the powerful role of theatre in shaping and challenging societal norms. In this episode: The significance of Class C and its timely themes related to civil rights and societal upheaval Chaz T. Martin's journey from acting in Wisconsin to becoming a playwright and producer in Philadelphia Unique insights into the collaborative process behind the world premiere at the The Louis Bluver Theatre How the production design and staging amplify the play's message Audience reactions, including powerful silence and moments of reflection The play's commentary on political polarization, societal division, and the importance of forgiveness The role of theatre in creating empathy and challenging perceptions The play's anticipated relevance and impact in the next decade, including reflections on current political and social issues Practical ideas for leveraging theatre as a tool for social change and dialogue Timestamps: 00:05 - Introduction to the season and the importance of Philadelphia theatre 00:58 - Spotlight on Class C and its partnership with Azuka and Simpatico Theatre 01:36 - Chaz T. Martin's background: From Wisconsin to Philadelphia 02:06 - The evolution of Martin's work: Acting, writing, and producing 02:56 - Insights into Class C: Themes, relevance, and societal reflection 04:33 - The collaborative process of staging Class C and insights from the creative team 05:33 - Audience reactions and the powerful silence post-performance 07:17 - The play's commentary on societal division, polarization, and empathy 09:10 - The importance of community support and reciprocity in theatre 10:27 - The role of storytelling in shaping societal narratives and personal reflection 12:10 - Reflections on current political threats and societal resilience 14:07 - The play as a mirror for understanding history, present, and future challenges 16:34 - The cycle of greed, societal division, and the role of art in fostering understanding 18:50 - The importance of flexibility, dialogue, and shared humanity 20:35 - Moments of realization in the play; characters staying true to their values 23:41 - The play's commentary on moral integrity versus societal costs 25:16 - The role of forgiveness and understanding in societal healing 27:51 - The danger of imposing singular viewpoints; celebrating diversity of thought 30:50 - Theatre as a reflection of societal potential and cautionary tales 40:39 - Contemporary design and staging choices that deepen engagement 43:29 - Relevance of Class C in 10 years and its prophetic insights 46:47 - Final thoughts: The power of theatre to challenge and inspire Resources & Links: https://azukatheatre.org/ https://simpaticotheatre.org/ https://theaterre.org/class-c (tickets may be closing soon, see website for availability) Connect with Chaz T. Martin: • • / rhymeswithoz FOR TICKETS AND INFORMATION: https://www.azukatheatre.org/class-c ‍ ‍ Follow us and our links here: https://bio.site/em3ry

Today I am speaking with an RVer who redesigned his entire life after a brutal fall required him to learn to  walk, write, speak and even swallow all over again. But, it opened the door for him to become a Workamper for a family-owned RV dealership working as a service advisor. Jim Bartleman thought he had life figured out. He was working as a service advisor in the automotive industry, planning for the future and preparing to eventually hit the road in an RV. But, everything changed in an instant after a devastating accident left him in a medically-induced coma and forced him to relearn how to walk, talk, read and swallow. Instead of giving up, Jim used that life-changing experience as motivation to completely redesign his life around what mattered most to him. Today, he and his girlfriend, Caryl Kinney, live fulltime in a Class C motorhome, Workamping at campgrounds in Texas during the winter and working seasonally at a New York RV dealership during the summer. In this episode, Jim shares how he turned a frightening setback into a new beginning. He also talks about why more RV dealers should hire Workampers and how the RV lifestyle has allowed him to reconnect with family, travel the country and focus on experiences instead of accumulating possessions. Jim shares his experiences dry camping under massive desert skies and learning French at a campground filled with Canadian snowbirds. Jimmy Bartleman and a donkey, George, he met at a Hipcamp farm. Based on his experiences, Jim explains why people should stop waiting until retirement to start living the life they want. Whether he is working seasonally at an RV dealership or serving as a camp host in Texas, Jim found a way to combine his passion for helping people with a lifestyle built around travel, flexibility and meaningful experiences. Along the way, he discovered the value of Workamping and the freedom that comes with full-time RV living as well as the importance of making memories while you still can. Jim also shared practical advice for new RVers and explained why smaller RVs can offer more flexibility. He talked about the growing number of younger people embracing the Workamping lifestyle long before retirement age. If you would like to follow Jim's adventures or connect with him directly, you can find him on Instagram or on Facebook. Most Workampers, like Jim, have interesting stories to tell about their travels and experiences. If you would you like to be featured in an upcoming episode of The Workamper Show, I encourage you to schedule an interview with me at workampershow.com. We'd love to hear about your Workamping experiences, how you got started RVing, and what you love and dislike about the RVing lifestyle. You can help others explore all the different ways to live this great lifestyle by sharing your story. If you are an employer of Workampers, we invite you to be on the podcast, too. Share all of the details of your Workamping jobs in a future episode. It only costs a little bit of your time. Schedule an interview with me today by going to workampershow.com. You'll find the schedule buttons at the bottom of the home page. That's all for this week's show. I'll have another fun interview on the next episode of The Workamper Show. If you like these interviews, please consider leaving a review wherever you download the episodes. Thanks for listening.

Montana State has three verbal commitments from in-state recruits, including 6-foot-4, 215-pound Saco, Montana product Laytin Erickson. The multi-sport athlete plays football at Class B Malta in the fall.

Today we're looking at the Houston multifamily market, and in particular, the pressure that is building in the middle of the market. We are talking about Houston specifically. But you can take the lessons from Houston and apply them to other markets in the US and probably elsewhere.When people talk about apartment fundamentals, they often speak in broad averages. Occupancy is up. Rent is down. Absorption is positive. Cap rates are stable. But averages can hide a lot of insights.The latest Q1 2026 multifamily report from Colliers shows Houston sitting at 90.4 percent occupancy. That number was unchanged from the prior quarter, and it was actually up from 88.6 percent a year earlier. On the surface, that sounds reasonably healthy.But when you look under the hood, the story becomes more nuanced.Houston delivered 6,469 new apartment units in the first quarter. That is a big number. At the same time, the market absorbed 3,578 units. So demand was positive, but it did not keep pace with new supply. That is the first warning sign.Now, supply and demand do not affect every property the same way. The Colliers data shows that Class A properties absorbed 3,246 units in the quarter. Class C properties absorbed 678 units. Even Class D had positive absorption of 413 units.But Class B properties recorded negative absorption of 759 units.That is the story.Class B is getting squeezed from both directions.-----------**Real Estate Espresso Podcast:** Spotify: [The Real Estate Espresso Podcast](https://open.spotify.com/show/3GvtwRmTq4r3es8cbw8jW0?si=c75ea506a6694ef1)   iTunes: [The Real Estate Espresso Podcast](https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-real-estate-espresso-podcast/id1340482613)   Website: [www.victorjm.com](http://www.victorjm.com)   LinkedIn: [Victor Menasce](http://www.linkedin.com/in/vmenasce)   YouTube: [The Real Estate Espresso Podcast](http://www.youtube.com/@victorjmenasce6734)   Facebook: [www.facebook.com/realestateespresso](http://www.facebook.com/realestateespresso)   Email: [podcast@victorjm.com](mailto:podcast@victorjm.com)  **Y Street Capital:** Website: [www.ystreetcapital.com](http://www.ystreetcapital.com)   Facebook: [www.facebook.com/YStreetCapital](https://www.facebook.com/YStreetCapital)   Instagram: [@ystreetcapital](http://www.instagram.com/ystreetcapital)  

¿Por qué la izquierda contemporánea ya no le habla a la clase trabajadora? Analizamos la entrevista a Dustin Guastella (Center for Working Class Politics) en el canal Doomscrolling y trazamos un puente con el caso mexicano.A partir del concepto de "MANGO class" (Media, Academia, NGOs) que propone Guastella, discutimos cómo este sector de la clase profesional ha capturado la narrativa del Partido Demócrata estadounidense, desplazando el conflicto de clase hacia disputas simbólicas y abandonando al sujeto que históricamente constituyó su base. La conversación se extiende al México de la 4T: cómo Morena ha articulado su propia hegemonía mediática a través de medios públicos, intelectuales orgánicos y fundaciones, replicando con signo distinto el patrón que Guastella describe en Estados Unidos.Discutimos también por qué la obsesión con el "fascismo" como etiqueta de combate ha resultado políticamente estéril (Kamala Harris como caso de estudio), cómo el voto se decide cada vez menos por afinidad ideológica y más por la pregunta básica de Fiorina —"¿cómo me ha ido económicamente este año?"—, y por qué la izquierda no logra interpelar al joven varón de clase trabajadora, un segmento que la derecha lee con precisión y que la política identitaria, por estructura, no puede acoger.#FilosofíaPolítica #ClaseTrabajadora #Populismo #PartidoDemócrata #4T #Morena #Gramsci #MANGOclass #Trump #CríticaSocial #IzquierdaLatinoamericana #LuchaDeClases

In this episode of PING, APNIC Chief Scientist Geoff Huston discusses the tortuous history of The CIDR report Classless Inter-Domain Routing or CIDR, is a mechanism defined in the 90s, to replace the former model of fixed sized networks defined in RFC791 called class-A class-B or class-C (there were actually class-D and class-E but for now we can ignore them) -the "Classless" part means no longer obeying the fixed bit-pattern at the "top" of the address (in the top 3 bits) which defined which class you were in, the classes defining how many addresses were in that block: a Class-A was 17 million, a Class B was 65,000 and a Class C was 256. This worked fine for the early life of the Internet, but under the stresses of exponential growth in the 1990s a new method for allocating addresses was defined, which exploited this "classless" model and allowed people to be given sizes between 17 million and 65,000 or between 65,000 and 256. -Which in turn fixed two problems: access to addresses into the future (through the Regional Internet Registry model of justified need for addressing) and the scaling problems of the routing mechanism. Routing has roots which reach back into the 1950s when a class of methods for describing how to exchange information about paths in a system called "Bellman Ford" was defined. This mechanism came all the way into the future alongside the growth of the Internet and replaced other models of routing which had emerged in networks such as DECnet from Digital Equipment corperation, and we now know as the ubiquitous BGP4 for Border Gateway Protocol, version 4 (a very good name, for the 4th version of something which was modified from the equally well named BGP3, to add in CIDR models of prefixes. The CIDR report grew out of the need to understand who was causing the stress inside BGP, a public commons of everyones routing assertions, where if you did what was entirely rational for you to engineer better routes by announcing more of them, you made every other BGP4 speaker incur a cost. The report helped identify who was the "noisy" BGP speaker, which Autonomous Systems (AS) were responsible and how much more effective could they be, and still achieve their engineering outcome. It was an early version of "nudge" theory, using naming-and-shaming to publicly expose the damage any BGP speaker did to the commons, in a public record. Geoff has been running the CIDR report continuously for over 2 decades, following on from the work of Tony Bates and Phil Smith at Cisco. But, carried into the modern era, after so much discussion of the declining importance of BGP routing on the Internet in a world of "names based" steering for content, how relevant IS the CIDR report?

Show Date: 4/26/26Dan does a deep dive into the Class C teams from the CRVL. He is joined by Dan Chies (Arlington A's) and Brody Bratsch (Asst Coach - Glencoe Brewers).They review the 2025 season, and preview the 2026 season for all nine teams.They review the new Top 10 Rankings for Class C as well. Glencoe Brewers appear at #4 for the first state rankings.Sports and Songs Podcast Links:https://www.facebook.com/sportsandsongs1https://twitter.com/SportsandSongs1https://www.instagram.com/sportsandsongs/https://www.sportsandsongspodcast.com/

Welcome back to RV Hour, the RV lifestyle podcast hosted by Larry McNamara, CEO of Giant Recreation World — Central Florida's #1 RV dealer. In Episode 152, we're diving into one of the most requested topics from RV owners: easy and affordable RV upgrades that can instantly improve your camping experience. Whether you own a Class A motorhome, Class B camper van, Class C, travel trailer, or fifth wheel, these upgrades are designed to make your RV more comfortable, more functional, and more enjoyable — without breaking the bank. If you've been searching for RV upgrade ideas, RV mods, RV improvements, or budget RV upgrades, this episode is packed with practical tips you can start using right away. What You'll Learn in Episode 152 20 Easy & Affordable RV Upgrades Upgrading your RV doesn't have to cost thousands of dollars. In this episode, we break down simple improvements that make a big impact. Here are 3 examples we discuss on the show: 1. LED Lighting Conversion Switching your RV lighting to LED bulbs improves brightness while reducing power usage. It's one of the easiest upgrades for better efficiency and longer battery life — especially for off-grid camping. 2. Upgraded Shower Head A high-pressure, water-efficient shower head dramatically improves your shower experience while conserving water — a must-have for RVers who boondock or travel frequently. 3. Mattress Upgrade Factory RV mattresses are often basic. Upgrading to a memory foam or residential-style mattress can completely change your comfort level on the road. And that's just the start — we cover 20 total upgrades that help improve your RV lifestyle without major renovations. Featured Unit from GRW's Hot List This week's exclusive Hot List deal from Giant Recreation World: 2025 Coachmen Northern Spirit SE 24RB – Palm Bay Location Now on sale for only $24,985 This travel trailer is a fantastic option for RVers looking for comfort, efficiency, and value — perfect for couples or small families ready to hit the road. Hot List units are limited and move fast, so if this one fits your needs, don't wait. Why Buy from Giant Recreation World? At Giant Recreation World, we don't just sell RVs — we support your entire RV lifestyle. Here are just a few reasons why thousands of RV owners choose us: Lifetime Warranty at No Cost to You Many new and select pre-owned RVs include a Lifetime Warranty, giving you long-term peace of mind. Priority RV Network Travel with confidence knowing you have access to a nationwide service network that helps you get service while on the road. VIP Camping Club Join a community of RVers with organized trips, rallies, and exclusive camping experiences throughout the year. Visit Giant Recreation World Ready to upgrade your RV or start your RV journey? Visit one of our three convenient Florida locations: Palm Bay Ormond Beach Winter Garden Or browse inventory anytime online at: www.GiantRecreationWorld.com Subscribe to RV Hour If you enjoy RV tips, RV upgrades, RV buying advice, camping destinations, and RV lifestyle content, make sure to subscribe to RV Hour for weekly episodes. Join the Conversation Which RV upgrade has made the biggest difference for you? Drop a comment below and let us know — and don't forget to like, subscribe, and share with fellow RV enthusiasts.

This week, learn why property managers can make or break your multifamily investment. John explains that once you decide to scale, you cannot do everything yourself, which means your success depends heavily on your ability to find the right property manager, understand what good management actually looks like, and stay actively involved enough to guide performance without getting buried in the day-to-day.   Drawing from his own experience self-managing a two-unit building and later overseeing larger apartment assets, John breaks down the real work property managers handle, from turns and leasing to inspections, vendors, communication, and performance tracking. He also explains why many investors make the mistake of blindly trusting property managers without understanding the basics of the role themselves, and why that lack of knowledge makes it harder to vet, manage, and retain the right people.   If you want to build a stronger multifamily operation, this episode gives you a practical framework for how to think about property management as a core part of the business.     Make sure to download our free guide, 7 Questions Every Passive Investor Should Ask, here.     Key Takeaways Understand why property managers should be treated as a critical driver of investment performance, not just a service provider   Learn why investors need a working knowledge of property management basics so they can vet and guide managers more effectively   Match your property manager to the property type and business plan, because a strong Class A operator may not be a strong fit for a Class C asset   Build a repeatable management process around KPIs, meetings, approvals, and communication loops   Retain great property managers by aligning incentives, giving recognition, and thinking through how your long-term plans affect their career stability     Topics Why Property Management Matters So Much John says investors cannot scale if they try to do everything themselves, and that property managers are essential to driving success across the portfolio   He also notes that even experienced operators sometimes have to replace property managers because the fit, execution, or staffing changes over time   What John Learned by Self-Managing Early in his investing journey, John self-managed a two-unit building with his wife, which forced him to learn the full cycle of managing a rental asset   That included handling unit turns, contractor coordination, marketing, leasing, applications, compliance, and minimizing downtime between residents   He argues that this experience matters because investors who have never managed property often do not know what good property management actually requires   Process First, Then People John frames most operational issues as either a process problem, a people problem, or a partnership problem   He emphasizes starting with process, so expectations are clear and performance is not dependent on one person's instincts or style   He compares this to the consistency of a fast-food chain versus the variability that can happen when a restaurant relies too much on one chef without strong systems   Finding the Right Property Manager John says the first step is knowing what kind of results you need based on the property's business plan   A Class A luxury property may require a more polished, service-oriented manager, while a Class C asset may require someone with thicker skin, more hands-on oversight, and experience handling subsidy programs or tougher resident interactions   He shares an example of hiring a highly respected management company for an eight-unit Class C property in Chicago, only to find that their experience with Class A/B assets did not translate well to the realities of that building   What Managing Property Managers Looks Like John recommends frequent conversations, especially early on, often starting with weekly calls and sometimes more often if a property is more operationally intense   Those meetings should start with key KPIs like occupancy, vacancy, move-ins, signed leases, and financial performance before drilling into maintenance tickets, projects, and operational issues   He also recommends setting approval thresholds for spending and paying close attention to vendor relationships so managers are not simply hiring friends or using the wrong vendors without oversight   Why Scale Can Improve Management Efficiency John notes that larger properties can actually be easier to manage at a high level because they support more dedicated staff and clearer role separation   On a larger asset, the owner should be managing the manager, not solving individual resident issues directly   He contrasts this with smaller properties, where owners often get dragged into too many day-to-day details because there is not enough scale to support a stronger operating structure   Why Regional Managers Matter When working with a third-party management company, John likes to involve the regional manager in as many conversations as possible for alignment and transparency   Without that, property managers can get caught between the owner's objectives and the management company's internal priorities, which can create conflict or misalignment   How to Retain Great Property Managers John says retention starts with understanding motivations, especially compensation and growth opportunities   He recommends tying incentives and bonuses to the owner's objectives and the property's KPIs rather than relying only on static compensation   He also highlights the importance of praise, recognition, and regular positive feedback because property managers spend much of their day absorbing complaints and solving problems   Finally, he encourages owners to think ahead about what happens to managers if a property is sold, since uncertainty about job stability can influence retention and morale    

Many Sunbelt markets that once dominated headlines are now facing oversupply, rising expenses, and compressed returns. Meanwhile, much of the Midwest is quietly doing the opposite — holding occupancy, stabilizing rents, and delivering durable cash flow. In this episode, Jeremy Yost, Navy veteran and CEO with over $244M developed across 56 properties and 2,000+ units, shares why his disciplined Midwest strategy continues to perform through volatile market cycles  Jeremy focuses on workforce housing, market-rate multifamily, Litech developments, assisted living, and hospitality — all built around one principle: Execution beats speculation. What We Cover: Why many Sunbelt multifamily deals are struggling today Oversupply, rent flattening, and over-leveraging in hot markets Why Midwest secondary and tertiary markets remain stable The case for "boring" workforce housing What disciplined underwriting actually looks like Why most real estate failures stem from poor execution Lessons from losing financing mid-construction during COVID How persistence secured funding after 302 lender rejections Why Class C Midwest assets still pencil in today's environment Insurance risk vs lending risk in current cycles How Litech (Low-Income Housing Tax Credit) development works Misconceptions about affordable housing and workforce housing Why small-town developments often pre-lease 100% Key Insights Secondary Midwest markets can deliver 10–12%+ cash-on-cash returns Occupancy above 94% across stabilized Midwest assets Workforce housing demand is structural, not speculative Rural communities are often underserved and overlooked Capital protection matters more than chasing upside Jeremy also explains how his Navy background shaped his approach to real estate: No speculation. Only execution. Topics Covered Midwest multifamily investing Workforce housing development Litech tax credit investing Recession-resistant housing Class C multifamily strategy Secondary and tertiary market investing Insurance pressures in multifamily Hospitality development case study Connect with Jeremy Yost Instagram: Jeremy R. Yost Website: https://www.yms-rentals.com Today's episode is brought to you by Green Property Management, managing everything from single family homes to apartment complexes in the West Michigan area. https://www.livegreenlocal.com And RCB & Associates, helping Michigan-based real estate investors and small business owners navigate the complex world of health insurance and medicare benefits. https://www.rcbassociatesllc.com

Send us Fan MailCheck us out at:  https://www.cisspcybertraining.com/Get access to 360 FREE CISSP Questions:  https://www.cisspcybertraining.com/offers/dzHKVcDB/checkoutGet access to my FREE CISSP Self-Study Essentials Videos:  https://www.cisspcybertraining.com/offers/KzBKKouvA cheap camera on a pole can become a surveillance pipeline, and that's not a movie plot, it's a real security problem. I start with a news-driven look at alleged CCTV espionage tied to critical infrastructure and why CISSP Domain 3 isn't just theory. If you don't know what devices are installed at your sites, what they record, and where that data goes, you can lose control of your environment long before an attacker ever touches your firewall.From there, I pivot into a focused Domain 3 question set that drills the kind of reasoning the CISSP exam rewards. We unpack why collapsing multiple security layers into one “highly capable” security appliance creates a single point of failure, and how defense in depth is really about independent layers, resilience, and clear risk acceptance. I also review classic security models, including the Bell-LaPadula lattice model and its “no read up, no write down” confidentiality rules, plus how it differs from integrity-focused Biba and the commercial Clark-Wilson approach.We then hit core security architecture and engineering concepts: the trusted computing base (TCB), what the reference monitor is, and why the security kernel is the component that implements it. On the crypto side, I explain why elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is the best strength-to-key ratio choice for digital signatures on low-powered IoT devices. Finally, we cover database security threats like inference (and how it relates to aggregation), and wrap with a practical safety topic for data centers: Class C electrical fires and why CO2 or clean agents are preferred to protect hardware.Subscribe for weekly CISSP prep, share this with a study partner, and if it helped you think more clearly, leave a review so more candidates can find the show.Gain exclusive access to 360 FREE CISSP Practice Questions at FreeCISSPQuestions.com and have them delivered directly to your inbox!  Don't miss this valuable opportunity to strengthen your CISSP exam preparation and boost your chances of certification success. Join now and start your journey toward CISSP mastery today!

A runway incursion at LaGuardia results in a fatal crash, new helicopter safety regulations are introduced near airports, Airbus voices frustration with Pratt & Whitney, the second NASA X-59 test flight ends prematurely, A-10 Warthogs see combat over the Strait of Hormuz, and Essential Air Service is considered for Presque Isle Airport. Aviation News Decades of aircraft and ground vehicle near misses at LGA preceded fatal crash CRJ900, courtesy Air Canada. A tragic runway incursion at New York's LaGuardia Airport on March 22, 2026, ended in disaster when an Air Canada Jazz CRJ900 landing there collided with an airport rescue and firefighting vehicle on the runway. The crash claimed the lives of both pilots and left dozens seriously injured. See also: LaGuardia Airport crash: Plane was traveling 93-105 mph at time of ground collision Two pilots dead, 41 people hospitalized after Air Canada plane hits fire truck when landing at LaGuardia, causing airport closure Moment air traffic controller pleads ‘Truck One, stop, stop, stop’ before Air Canada jet smashes into emergency vehicle on runway at LaGuardia killing pilot and co-pilot FAA tightens helicopter safety rules near major airports The FAA now requires air traffic controllers to use radar to manage aircraft and helicopters in close proximity. The interim general notice (Notice (GENOT) JO 7110.801 – Interim Helicopter Separation Procedures) suspends the use of visual separation between airplanes and helicopters in Class B and Class C airspace, and Terminal Radar Service Areas (TRSAs). The DOT said, “Many helicopter operators who are used to obtaining immediate approval to transit through certain areas may have to adjust their flight routes or be delayed while controllers ensure they maintain safe distance from other aircraft. When helicopter pilots, conducting urgent medical or LEO missions, request to fly through these heavy-traffic areas, airline operations to those airports may be disrupted in order to allow these missions priority clearance.” Exclusive: Airbus seeks Pratt & Whitney damages over engine delays, sources say Airbus is frustrated with Pratt & Whitney over the slow delivery of GTF engines for the A320 family. The issue stems from an allocation crunch, with demand coming both from Airbus for new aircraft and from airlines waiting on repairs to get problem engines back in service. Reports suggest Airbus may be seeking potential damages. This stems from a manufacturing problem where contaminants were introduced into the nickel-based powdered metal used to forge certain rotating engine components. (Turbine disks and some HPC parts.) These engines face an increased risk of microscopic cracks and premature failure, particularly those produced roughly between late 2015 and 2021. Instead of waiting for routine shop visits, these engines required accelerated inspections and life‑limit reductions. NASA Second X-59 Flight Cut Short from Warning Light The second flight of the NASA X-59 supersonic demonstrator ended after nine minutes when a warning light illuminated shortly after takeoff. An unrelated caution light indicated an issue prior to the flight, but after a system reset, the flight was approved to proceed. The first flight took place on October 28, 2025, when the demonstrator reached 12,000 feet and 200 knots. The second flight was intended to last an hour and reach 20,000 feet and 225 knots, but ended up matching the first flight. A-10 Warthogs Are Prowling For Iranian Boats In The Strait Of Hormuz The Pentagon has long sought to retire the A-10 Warthog, but Congress has kept it flying. In the meantime, A-10 pilots have been training for a maritime mission: attacking Iranian fast boats in the Strait of Hormuz. AH-64 Apache attack helicopters are also now performing this mission, as well as shooting down Iranian drones. The A-10 has long been considered a close air support aircraft for ground forces, but it also has a maritime role. JetBlue and American Airlines Bid to Serve Presque Isle Airport The U.S. Department of Transportation has received proposals from JetBlue and American Airlines for the next Essential Air Service contract for Presque Isle International Airport. JetBlue has provided the service since 2024 with seven weekly round-trip flights to Boston. The 140-seat Airbus A220s depart early in the morning and return late at night. The airline is proposing to continue that service. American Airlines is proposing at least 12 round-trip weekly flights on a 65-seat jet, split between Boston and Philadelphia. American is seeking a two-year contract with an average annual subsidy of $8.2 million. JetBlue is seeking an $11,521,129 in each of four years, or a two-year contract worth $11,745,899 annually. See: How commercial air service has evolved at Presque Isle's airport. Presque Isle adopts new procedure for air service recommendations Presque Isle airport sees busiest December in 26 years DOT Essential Air Service FAQ Bonus story: U.S. Air Force to Update U-2 Dragon Lady Defensive System The U-2 Dragon Lady first flew 70 years ago, and it's still being used as an ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance) platform. Recently, BAE Systems was awarded a contract by Robins Air Force Base in Georgia to support and sustain the U-2's AN/ALQ-221 Advanced Defensive System (ADS). In a press release (BAE Systems to modernize Advanced Defensive System for the U.S. Air Force U-2 reconnaissance aircraft), BAE said, “Under the contract, BAE Systems will provide continuous field service support for the aircraft's electronic warfare (EW) system, complete repairs to maintain system availability, and provide software updates so it can detect and engage new threats.” Mentioned Stories about Flying. Flight Instructing is About More Than Just Logging Hours. China Clipper (1936) movie. Hosts this Episode Max Flight, our Main(e) Man Micah, Rob Mark, and Erin Applebaum.

Track Record Assets Deal Page: https://passivepockets.com/directory/deals/morgan-bay-apartments/ A few weeks after an LP Deal Review with Track Record Assets, PassivePockets member Adam Cranmer realized he'd be in Houston, just minutes from the actual property. So he did what most LPs wish they could do: boots-on-the-ground due diligence, in-person operator time, and a full “does this actually feel real?” check. Adam walks through the deal at a high level (268-unit Class C value-add in north Houston acquired from a distressed seller, not a distressed property), then shares what he saw on-site and what he learned over lunch with the team—especially the operator's “secret sauce” for stabilizing workforce housing. Most importantly, Adam breaks down the one major concern that still gave him pause (exit assumptions / value growth) and why, after ~20 hours of diligence, he ultimately decided to invest anyway—jockey-first, with a clear-eyed view of the risks and the fallback plan. Key Takeaways What “value-add” actually looks like on-site (and why this one felt real vs. cosmetic) How Adam pressure-tested rent comps and the plan after touring the area The operator edge: creating a tenant “flywheel” that improves safety, collections, and retention The biggest risk flag: exit price assumptions and how the debt structure reduces downside Why Adam invested anyway, even with diversification concerns in Houston Disclaimer The content of this podcast is for informational purposes only. All host and participant opinions are their own. Investment in any asset, real estate included, involves risk, so use your best judgment and consult with qualified advisors before investing. You should only risk capital you can afford to lose. Past performance is not indicative of future results. This podcast may contain paid advertisements or other promotional materials for real estate investment advisers, investment funds, and investment opportunities, which should not be interpreted as a recommendation, endorsement, or testimonial by PassivePockets, LLC or any of its affiliates. Viewers must conduct their own due diligence and consider their own financial situations before engaging with any advertised offerings, products, or services. PassivePockets, LLC disclaims all liability for direct, indirect, consequential, or other damages arising out of reliance on information and advertisements presented in this podcast.

Understanding the multifamily operating expense ratio is critical for analyzing apartment building investments. Two properties may generate the same income, but their operating expenses can be dramatically different — and that difference can make or break your investment returns. In this episode of Strategy Saturday, Charles Carillo explains how the operating expense ratio in real estate works, how to calculate it, and how investors use it to evaluate multifamily deals. You'll learn what expenses are included, what costs are excluded, and why the commonly referenced 50% expense rule can be a useful benchmark when underwriting apartment buildings. This video also covers typical expense ratio ranges for Class A, Class B, and Class C multifamily properties, and explains how factors like property age, market conditions, management efficiency, and deferred maintenance can impact operating expenses. Whether you're analyzing your first rental property or evaluating a large apartment complex, understanding the expense ratio for multifamily investing can help you identify hidden risks and avoid bad deals. In this video you'll learn: • What the operating expense ratio is in multifamily real estate • How to calculate operating expense ratio step-by-step • What operating expenses are included in real estate analysis • Typical expense ratio benchmarks for Class A, B, and C properties • Common underwriting mistakes investors make when analyzing expenses • How expense ratios help investors identify potential deal risks Understanding operating expenses is one of the most important skills in multifamily underwriting, and mastering this metric will help you evaluate deals more confidently. Links Referenced in Episode: SS114: Most Important Expenses When Underwriting an Apartment Building - https://youtu.be/xWtVXSre3xk Connect with the Global Investors Show, Charles Carillo and Harborside Partners: ◾ Setup a FREE 30 Minute Strategy Call with Charles: http://ScheduleCharles.com ◾ Learn How To Invest In Real Estate: https://www.SyndicationSuperstars.com/  ◾ FREE Passive Investing Guide: http://www.HSPguide.com ◾ Join Our Weekly Email Newsletter: http://www.HSPsignup.com ◾ Passively Invest in Real Estate: http://www.InvestHSP.com ◾ Global Investors Web Page: http://GlobalInvestorsPodcast.com/  

On this episode of the Mornings with Joel CRE Podcast, we sit down with Ron Faraci, a seasoned real estate investor and creator of the Bulletproof Lease. Ron shares how he built and managed hundreds of Class C and D rental units and developed systems designed to protect landlords while maintaining consistent cash flow. Known for his disciplined approach to property management and risk control, Ron discusses how investors can operate successfully in challenging rental markets, strengthen lease structures, and build more resilient real estate portfolios. This conversation offers practical insight for investors, landlords, and real estate professionals looking to improve cash flow, reduce tenant risk, and scale their operations through better systems and strategy. Sponsored by: mPact Mask | Mercury Bank | Eco Crypt USA | Sage DATA

On the first hour of Nuanez Now, Colter Nuanez continues his coverage of the Big Sky Conference Tournament, breaking down Montana's big win over Portland State behind another dominant performance from Money Williams, who followed up his career-high 40-point outing with 32 more points. Colter shares postgame press conferences from both sides, featuring reactions from Montana head coach Travis DeCuire and Portland State head coach Jase Coburn, along with players reflecting on the key moments that decided the game and what the result means moving forward in the tournament. The hour also includes an interview with Idaho men's head coach Alex Pribble following the Vandals' win as he discusses his team's performance and advancing in the tournament.Next, Geoff Safford sits down with CJI girls head coach Jordan Miller to talk about her team's impressive season and help preview the upcoming Class C State tournament as it tips off today.

In the first hour of Nuanez Now, Colter Nuanez is joined by Montana Tech women's basketball head coach Jeff Graham along with Butte native Brooke Badovinac. Badovinac scored 21 points and knocked down the go-ahead three-pointer that lifted the Orediggers past Dakota State, securing Montana Tech's first Frontier Conference title since 1983. Graham and Badovinac break down the historic win, the key moments that defined the game, and what the championship means for the program and the Butte community.Later, Geoff Safford delivers this week's Class C Spotlight with an interview featuring Manhattan Christian boys head coach Layne Glaus. Glaus discusses his team's impressive 20–4 season and their eighth straight divisional title, while sharing insight into the culture and consistency that has kept the Eagles among the top programs in Class C year after year.To wrap up the hour, Colter runs through the latest prep scoreboard, highlighting results from high school basketball games across the state as teams battle for postseason positioning.

In the first hour of Nuanez Now, Colter Nuanez goes hoops-heavy, breaking down the latest Big Sky Conference action. He recaps last night's matchups, including a tough 85-57 loss for the Montana Grizzlies to the Northern Colorado Bears, and lays out the full seeding picture for next weekend's men's and women's conference tournaments. Colter also announces all the upcoming bracket matchups, highlighting key games, potential storylines, and what fans should watch for as the postseason begins.Beyond the Big Sky, he continues his coverage of prep basketball across Montana, including his Class C spotlight, breaking down recent results and previewing the upcoming matchups in all the state tournaments, giving listeners a complete look at the high school hardwood action around the Treasure State.Next, Colter rolls through this week's list of Treasure State Stars, highlighting the top athletic performances from across Montana and celebrating standout moments from athletes at every level.Lastly, for the community spotlight segment, Colter sits down with Keri McHugh, COO of the YMCA, to talk about this year's Riverbank Run and how the event brings the community together.

On this hour of Nuanez Now, Colter Nuanez dives into Montana's biggest prep sports storylines. He highlights Missoula native and Loyola Sacred Heart standout Spencer Laird committing to Stanford University, exploring what this opportunity means for her future and the rise of elite girls athletics in the Treasure State. Colter also celebrates Billings West High School's fourth straight state wrestling championship, cementing the program's place among Montana's top dynasties. Hear exclusive interviews with Billings West wrestling head coach Jeremy Hernandez and undefeated four-time state champion Makael Aguayo, along with additional headlines, standout performances, and key developments as winter sports reach the postseason.In the second segment, Colter goes through this week's Treasure State Stars, highlighting the top athletic performances from across Montana.Finally, Geoff Safford sits down with Drummond High School girls basketball head coach Levi Parsons to break down the Trojans' undefeated season, their district tournament title, and the foundation behind their success. Parsons also previews the upcoming Class C state tournament and what it will take to keep the momentum rolling.

Keith digs into what's really going on with apartments now that values in many markets have dropped 20–40%. You'll hear why larger multifamily properties have been hit so much harder than one-to-four unit rentals, and what that means for both current owners and new buyers. "The Apartment King," Brad Sumrok, joins the conversation to share how recent economic shifts, financing structures, and market forces have reshaped the apartment landscape—and why he believes we may be near a key turning point in the cycle. You'll also learn how investors are approaching deals differently today, what makes certain markets and property types more attractive right now.  Resources: Learn more about Brad here. Episode Page: GetRichEducation.com/594 For access to properties or free help with a GRE Investment Coach, start here: GREmarketplace.com GRE Free Investment Coaching: GREinvestmentcoach.com Get mortgage loans for investment property: RidgeLendingGroup.com or call 855-74-RIDGE  or e-mail: info@RidgeLendingGroup.com Invest with Freedom Family Investments.  For predictable 10-12% quarterly returns, visit FreedomFamilyInvestments.com/GRE or text  1-937-795-8989 to speak with a freedom coach Will you please leave a review for the show? I'd be grateful. Search "how to leave an Apple Podcasts review"  For advertising inquiries, visit: GetRichEducation.com/ad Best Financial Education: GetRichEducation.com Get our wealth-building newsletter free— GREletter.com  Our YouTube Channel: www.youtube.com/c/GetRichEducation Follow us on Instagram: @getricheducation Complete episode transcript:   Keith Weinhold  0:01   welcome to GRE. I'm your host. Keith Weinhold us. Apartment Building values have fallen 2030, even, 40% over the past few years. Investors lost millions. What are all the reasons that it happened? And when will apartments turn around? I'm joined by the apartment king today on get rich education.   Corey Coates  0:26   Since 2014 the powerful get rich education podcast has created more passive income for people than nearly any other show in the world. This show teaches you how to earn strong returns from passive real estate investing in the best markets without losing your time being a flipper or landlord. Show Host Keith Weinhold, writes for both Forbes and Rich Dad advisors, and delivers a new show every week since 2014 there's been millions of listener downloads of 188 world nations. He has a list show guests include top selling personal finance author Robert Kiyosaki. Get rich education can be heard on every podcast platform, plus it has its own dedicated Apple and Android listener phone apps build wealth on the go with the get rich education podcast. Sign up now for the get rich education podcast or visit get rich education.com   Keith Weinhold  1:09   the same place where I get my own mortgage loans is where you can get yours. Ridge lending group and MLS, 42056, they provided our listeners with more loans than anyone because they specialize in income properties. They help you build a long term plan for growing your real estate empire with leverage. Start your prequel and even chat with President chailey Ridge personally while it's on your mind, start at Ridge lending group.com that's Ridge lending group.com you   Corey Coates  1:40   you're listening to the show that has created more financial freedom than nearly any show in the world. This is get rich education.   Keith Weinhold  1:59   Welcome to GRE from Monterrey, California to Monterrey, Mexico and across 188 nations worldwide. America's favorite shaved mammal on a microphone has got his slack. John, act back on track for another wealth building week with you. I'm Keith Weinhold. This is get rich education, and I'm still not wearing a pair of Dockers. We all know that the one to four unit space single family homes, up to four plexes have held under their values despite soured affordability, but five plus unit apartment buildings are a drastically different story. We're going to talk about just how much value they've lost recently, and the reasons why it's about more than just the interest rates doubling and tripling that began in 2022 Today's guest is an apartment educator. His students have had both losses and wins over time. I'll ask about both, because adversity is where you get the lessons now today, you might buy an apartment building at a steep discount compared to what it sold for five years ago. And who might you buy an apartment from today, it might not be the type of seller that you're thinking about because of owners defaulting you might now be buying it from a bank that had to basically repossess it. Yeah, you might try to buy it from a lender at 60% of the loan amount. Well, a lender doesn't want to do a 40% write down, so they're going to try to get more and see. That's how this could practically look today for an apartment owner that survived the crisis and is still standing today. They're asking themselves, now, why would I sell at a discount if I don't have to? So they're probably going to try to hold on. And then, of course, the tenants in these apartments don't know that any of this is going on now. I own a lot of single family rental homes myself, also apartment buildings in the one to one and a half million dollar range is where I've played, and often that ends up being eight to 12 units, because in that space, I don't need partners to invest in assets of that size. One to $2 million is also small enough so that you're not competing with institutional money and other players. Today, I'll tell you what I did with some of those buildings myself when interest rates reset about four years ago, and before you and I wrap up the show today, I've got something to tell you about what's coming in future. GRE episodes here stuff that's really unexpected as the apartment King waits in the wings. One last thing to tell you about, like I mentioned to you recently, investors say that they want an opportunity, but what they really want is certainty. Once certainty arrives, the opportunity. Is gone.    Keith Weinhold  5:01   Our GRE live event last Thursday was a success. It is about how central Florida is the most compelling housing market right now, with the builder offering rate buy downs as low as 3.75% and, you know, I just ran the numbers on something, and I can hardly believe this. All right, right. Now owner occupied mortgage rates are near 6% this means investment property rates are almost 7% with the rate by down to 4% here's how your cash flow looks with a 30 year fixed rate mortgage on a 300k loan with a 7% rate, your p and i payment is 1996 at a 4% rate. It's just 1432, this is a reduction of $564 per month, a whopping payment difference. That's really the difference between treading water and stacking cash flow on these brand new build properties that we're talking about here in Central Florida. So talking about opportunity and certainty, that is a big measure of both. Yeah, before I ran the numbers, I didn't realize that the spread was this wide. With high demand for these properties, the builder does have some more available, a long term fixed rate of around 4% it should be up for you now you can see the limited time replay of GRE, freshest live event at grewebinars.com, in case you want to look into This again, grewebinars.com let's discuss the apartment market. Foreign apartment building values have fallen at 20% 30% even 40% over the past few years, depending on the market that they're in today, we're going to learn how bad it is, why it happened, and if that actually creates an opportunity here in the late 2020s, decade, our guest is known as the apartment king. He is the number one nationally known educator and mentor for apartment investing. He started with a bang in 2002 by making his first ever real estate investment, not a four Plex like I did, but a 32 unit apartment building, and he's now owned and invested in over 11,000 units and over 1 billion in assets under management. He's received awards like the naa independent owner of the year, and he's the star of the massively popular in person events that he puts on, which you'll learn about soon. Hey, it's been several years. Welcome back to the show. Brad sumrock,   Brad Sumrok  7:46   hey, Keith. It's really good to be on again. Nice to be here.   Keith Weinhold  7:50   Brad and I were together in person last month, and we also talked physical fitness. Then Brad is one of the fittest guys you'll ever meet in person. He just looks fantastic. We want to hear about your apartment forecast shortly. Brad, let's talk about the hard stuff. First, you've endured adversity since we last had you here several years ago. Tell us about that.   Brad Sumrok  8:14    Well, look, I mean, I think anyone that's been serious about investing in apartments over the last five years. And I'll also say it this way, anyone who did a deal and say 21 the middle of 21 till probably the end of 2022 it's very likely that that property is worth less today than than it was when we bought it. So that, in itself, has created, you know, adversity, because I got into the business in 2002 and the market went up until 2008 and we went through a downturn in 2008 nine and 10, as is, I'm sure you're aware. And then the market went up again until around 2021, mid year. And then, due to so many reasons, and I could go into those reasons, but let me just just cut to the chase. That you alluded to is we had another downturn, and so the downturn, you know, impacts property values, it impacts confidence, it impacts investor appetite to do deals. It impacts just about everything related to the business, on the investment side, and the other business that I'm in, which is the seminars, the events and the mentoring. So it's been a big downturn, and we could go into those, you know, into the reasons why, and I'm sure you'd like to know my take on that. But now is a great time, because things are recovering, and one of the things Tony Robbins teaches Keith is pattern recognition. It's like I've been through two downturns, and I could see the patterns, and it occurs to me that we're at or near the bottom of a cycle. So like it's also a good time to be gearing up.   Keith Weinhold  9:50   Now, many realize but for those uninitiated on this, the one to four unit space really didn't feel much pain starting in 2022 so much of that is time. Two people get long term fixed interest rate debt on the one to four unit property, but it's shorter term debt on five plus unit apartment buildings. So when interest rates went up, people soon had to pay those higher rates. They were underwater. That's really the genesis of so much of the apartment building pain.   Brad Sumrok  10:19   Well, and I would say, look, it was, I'm going to throw a bunch of things at you here. So we had the pandemic, right? And during the pandemic, people got paid to stay home from work, right? The government printed, what, $5 trillion worth of money, right? And so that kicked off what became a period of, like, very high inflation. And you know, the published number was 9% but I think a lot of people experience certain items that were a lot more than 9% like, for example, for sure, in 2022 when we bought a 286 unit property, you know, we were able to replace all the appliances inside of a unit in The kitchen, you know, for $1,800 and even today it's like $3,200 so that's a little bit more than 9% and so we had that. So we had the printing of money, we had inflation, we had variable rate debt. Why did people do variable rate debt? The first thing I'll say is there is a place for variable rate debt. But what happened in 2021 and 2022 is the fixed rate lenders, which are typically the government sponsored agencies Fannie and Freddie. They were still lending money, but because of their criteria for lending, if you would go with one of those loans, you would get like 50% leverage the shorter term lenders that would give you the three year loans, you can still get like 75 to 80% leverage. So the vast amount of people that were buying anything in 2021 and 2022 I mean, I'm not just talking about myself. I'm talking about people with 2030, 4050, 70,000 doors all over the country, they were buying with short term debt. And historically, short term debt performs at or better than long term debt. I mean, think about it, when you get a long term, 10 year fixed rate loan and multifamily you have prepayment penalties. You know, when the market's constantly going up like it did, from 2012 to 2022 you could get that fixed term loan. You could pay it off early, you could pay the seven figure prepayment penalty, and you could still make lots and lots of money, and that's what people were doing. So when you bake in the prepayment penalties on long term debt, you know short term debt is oftentimes the better option. Well, nobody saw the Fed raising rate 16 times in 12 months. And look, I don't care what anybody says, Nobody predicted it. If they had predicted it, they would be probably the richest person in the world right now, right nobody saw a comment like, there may have been some people that said, hey, yeah, this is going to happen, or this is going to happen. But what actually happened with the Fed rates over a very short period of time was unprecedented. Unprecedented means it never happened before. So it's not something you could anticipate or something anyone can model. Okay? And so what that did is most of us had what's called an interest rate cap, which is an insurance policy that if the rates go up too much, that yours is capped. But the problem with those rate caps is they're only good for like, two years, right? So we're buying these deals in 2021 and we're getting short term debt, which is a three year debt. And in two years, in 2023 the rate cap expires, and now the rates are 9% instead of 3% and when we bought the deal, the rate cap insurance was $40,000 and now it's a million dollars. And so you're in a very awkward, unfriendly financial situation. And it wasn't just that. So it wasn't just inflation, it wasn't just interest rates. And many of us sung belt markets, specifically Texas and Florida, which historically have been some of the best markets to invest in, because of migration and no taxes, and then landlord and business friendly environments. Well, these states also suffered a lot of named storms, with, you know, hurricanes and wind storms and hail storms and so in these markets, at the same time, we had rising rates. At the same time, we had massive inflation. Now we also have insurance rates doubling or even tripling in some occasions. And then the final thing was, during the pandemic, a lot of the multifamily projects that were in the middle of being built, these development projects, they all slowed down. People couldn't work. And so back in 2020, or after we're fully recovered from the pandemic, some of these markets, like Nashville and Austin and Dallas and Houston and Phoenix, they got deluged Keith with new supply coming on, like a disproportionate amount of new supply. So there's like five. Five things that contributed to multifamily being really tough in the last few years. And so it wasn't just people with short term debt that had challenges. It was probably just about anybody that bought a deal within an 18 month timeframe that I outlined before that just really experienced challenges, and some of those people are still in deals, right? And so let's just take a deal that's, you know, a $10 million deal with a $7 million loan. Well, that deal right now might be only worth 7 million, yeah, and that's the opportunity. So the owner that has that deal may get punched in the face, so to speak, you know, by the market, and they may lose their equity in that deal, but the borrower coming in, or the buyer coming in, like one of my mentees right now, had a deal that was listed at 11 million, and he's picking it up for seven, which is, like, at or below the current loan value. So one buyer group's loss is the new buyer group's opportunity, if that makes sense   Keith Weinhold  16:03    right? 100% there's nothing unusual at all about the mortgage rate levels that began to go higher about four years ago. The unusual part, and Brad has touched on it, is the rate of increase, with mortgage rates doubling or tripling in a short period of time, within about a year or so, but yeah, it's a great point. It's about more than the mortgage rates. It's about increasing insurance costs and increasing expenses of all types, like you talked about with the appliances there, and then, even if you were able to weather all that as an apartment building owner, with all of the supply coming on to the market, when supply exceeds demand, we know what happens to price, and we also know that you can't raise rents very much with all of this supply coming on the market, but the supply of new apartment buildings, that inflow, that wave, is beginning to die down, because builders got the memo quite a while ago that they need to stop building at such a fast pace in places like Florida and Texas and you know, Brad, there are a lot of asset classes that have been beaten up lately. We can always point to a few. You can look at Bitcoin or nfts or even commercial office space. Now those assets might bounce back, but they don't have to, because no human needs those things. But I expect apartments to bounce back because having a place to live is a primordial Maslow and human need. It's almost inevitable. In fact, shelter is at the base of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. So a bounce back has almost got to happen. Yeah.   Brad Sumrok  17:46   Look, it's becoming the big word right now in politics. Right is affordability. And so when you look at affordability, if you take a median priced home in this country of say, $400,000 I don't know if that's the actual median, but maybe it's around 400 420,000 100, $420,000 yes, to buy that home. And who's going to buy a $420,000 home? It's going to be a working class family making 60 to 70,000 a year, right? They could rent a median priced apartment unit for $1,800 a month, or they could pay a 20% or a 10% down payment on a $400,000 homes, and they need 40 to 80,000 down right, or maybe less, but they still need a down payment and that p i, t i, the principal, interest, tax and insurance is going to be around $3,100 okay, so there's a $1,300 per month gap, and that's a big, big gap for that working class family. And so where are they going to live? Like we're becoming more and more of a renter nation? Keith, and the statistics that I read say that only 27% of American families can even qualify to get a mortgage, yeah, on a $400,000 home. So we're becoming more and more and more of a nation of renters by necessity. And so the demographics like look, all markets are not equal. You got to know what's going on in your market. But there are markets, ie locations, geographies that have even a higher affordability gap. You know, some markets have a 2000 a month or a $2,500 a month affordability gap. So you're going to find more and more people renting in these markets.   Keith Weinhold  19:37   Yes, there is a premium to ownership opening up that gap, and that's why we have this wave of renters that's really already begun. In about the last year, the American homeownership rate has fallen from 66% to 65% 1% doesn't sound like much, but that already means that we have 1.3 million new renters. We're going to talk to Brad some more, including about. His apartment market forecast you're listening to get rich education. Our guest is apartment King. Brad sumrock, more when we come back, I'm your host. Keith Weinhold,    Keith Weinhold  20:09   flock homes helps you retire from real estate and landlording, whether it's one problem property or your whole portfolio through a 721 exchange, deferring your capital gains tax and depreciation recapture. It's a strategy long used by the ultra wealthy. Now Mom and Pop landlords can 721, the residential real estate request your initial valuation, see if your properties qualify@flockhomes.com slash GRE. That's f, l, O, C, K, homes.com/gre,   Keith Weinhold  20:45   you know, most people think they're playing it safe with their liquid money, but they're actually losing savings accounts and bonds don't keep up when true inflation eats six or 7% of your wealth. Every single year, I invest my liquidity with FFI freedom family investments in their flagship program. Why? Fixed 10 to 12% returns have been predictable and paid quarterly. There's real world security backed by needs based real estate like affordable housing, Senior Living and health care. Ask about the freedom flagship program when you speak to a freedom coach there, and that's just one part of their family of products. They've got workshops, webinars and seminars designed to educate you before you invest. Start with as little as 25k and finally, get your money working as hard as you do. Get started at Freedom family investments.com/gre, or send a text. Now it's 1-937-795-8989, yep. Text their freedom. Coach, directly. Again. 1-937-795-8989,   Hal Elrod  21:58   this is Hal Elrod, author of The Miracle Morning, and listen to get rich education with Keith Weinhold, and don't quit your Daydream.   Keith Weinhold  22:13   Welcome back to get rich Education. I'm your host, Keith Weinhold. We're talking about a sector we have not talked about very much lately because it's been in rather moribund condition, but we are beginning to turn the corner where there are more opportunities in apartment building investing, because it's been beaten down an awful lot. And Brad, that plays right in to your apartment forecast. So tell us about some of the highlights of your apartment forecast.   Brad Sumrok  22:38   Yeah, sure. And one of the things that I want to share with you, Keith, is that, you know, back in the peak of the market, the market peaked, say, at the end of 21 early 22 there were so many investors that were in multifamily or that wanted to be in multifamily. And the other thing that caused this so called, you know, downturn that I didn't mention before is, let's take this $10 million deal. If a property was listed at $10 million you'd literally have 30 to 40 buyer groups pursuing that deal, bidding up the price. Yeah. And so a $10 million Listing would sell for 11 and a half million Okay, now what I'm seeing is that same $10 million deal might sell for a seven to 8 million and you might be the only buyer going after the deal. Wow. And how do I know? Because you said, like, I run a an investor community and and I have active multifamily buyers, and I coach them, and I look at their deals, and this is what's happening. And the other reason I know is I sold two of my deals personally in 2025 and both of the deals that I sold, I bought in 2015 where we had 10 year fixed rate debt. So we didn't sell because we had a three year loan. We needed to sell because we had a 10 year loan due. And look, first thing I'll say is I made money, because over that 10 year period, values did go up. They peaked in 2022 and they came back down that because I bought it so long ago. That's the one lesson that I think people also want to understand, is over the long term, the values always tend to go up, but there are short term ups and downs that one would need to be aware of. But when I sold these two deals like I didn't have many buyers one deal in particular. I mean, I had eight buyers going after the deal, but only one was anywhere close to what I wanted. So I was negotiating with myself, you know, telling the buyer and his broker, hey, you know the other guys are here, and you got to come up on price and you got to come up on terms. But truthfully, I was bluffing, because I didn't have anybody that was coming up on price or coming up on terms. And so part of why I'm answering this way is when you look at the forecast, one thing that that I want people to know is that those. Of us that are in the business now and that have our pencils up, and we're underwriting deals, and we're making offers, like I used to teach Keith, don't make lowball offers, because you'll develop a reputation of being that guy or that borrower or that buyer that submits lowball offers, right? And word will get around in that market? Well, right now, like low ball offers are expected, and I would encourage people, let's just say you make an offer that whatever the deal pencils out to. So if you know how to underwrite deals correctly, and they're offering 10 million as a listing price, and you're coming up at seven or 7.5 don't be bashful to make the offer, and you may be the only buyer in the game. So that's one thing is like the competition that I'm seeing right now on the buyer side is not a lot of competition, and that's definitely shifted to a buyer's market. So people need to know that. The other thing I would say, on the macro level, is there's still a lot of uncertainty out there, and the uncertainty is kind of becoming like what I would call a new normal. You know? I'll speak for myself. When Trump was elected and at the end of 2024 I thought it was going to be amazingly well for all of us real estate investors, right? And there are some things that have been like the big, beautiful bill that restores 100% bonus depreciation like this is a really good thing, but you know, the tariffs, the immigration policies, some of the things that he's doing, you know, they have mixed impact for us and our in the economy and in real estate and in multifamily. And the thing is, when he first started doing that again, like lenders, they didn't know how to price debt, like, what's going to happen with tariffs, what's going to happen with ice what's going to happen with immigration, you know? But now that we're a year in to his second term, I can tell you a couple things. Debt is back. Lenders are lending. They're confident. Lenders are issuing debt like you can get 70 to 75% of your acquisition funded by a commercial lender. The government agencies are lending. Freddie Mac is lending. Fannie Mae is lending, and they have a mandate to lend 20% more money in 2026 than they did in 2025 so that bodes well for people that want to get, you know, affordable workforce housing, which is my specialty, also known as Class B and Class C housing. So the lenders are lending like, there's a lot of debt out there. One of the challenges is the equity. There's a lot of institutional equity. But if you're going to the retail investor who got into the business three to five years ago. They don't want to hear about your next deal right now, they're wondering about, hey, what about the deals that I'm in? Right? So one of the things that I'm doing, Keith is, and I think, you know, this is like, you know, I build up a huge investor community from 2012 to 2022 and I did it by traveling the country, speaking at conferences, sponsoring trade shows, talking about the benefits of investing in apartment buildings, how it changed my life, how it enabled me to retire from a six figure income in just three years, and how I've helped many, many other people Do the same, and also just sharing experience today, every asset class, every 10 to 15 years is going to go through a correction. And so where we're at now. And I wasn't the only one on the forecast. I brought in John Chang who is the senior intelligence officer at Marcus and millichep, one of the biggest commercial real estate firms in the country, and he presented about 20 or 30 slides that by and large were very bullish on where we're at in the market cycle. Why now is a great time to be looking at apartment buildings, a lot of the same things that I've been talking about. Prices are down. It's a buyer's market. We have a huge affordability issue. More and more people are becoming renters, and so what I'm committed to do, Keith and I don't know if I shared with you my travel schedule, like when we met each other last month, but I'm on the road every single week going to another city, talking about where I see us right now in the market, and why people should be looking at deals and making offers right now. Because to me, you know, Warren Buffett said it best. He's like, you want to be fearful when everybody else is being greedy, and you want to be greedy when everybody's being fearful. And right now, people are on the sidelines. They're waiting for some green light, like for the Wall Street Journal to come out and say, Hey, now's a good time, you know? I mean, look, Trump, just the point of the new Fed chair, right? And so we know interest rates are going to go down like that's one of his goals, and the guy that he appointed is going to lower rates. So we're looking at a future, a very near future, where we have lower rates, and lower rates is going to create more demand, again, for people that want to buy. I invest in apartments now, look, if you wait another year, I still think it's going to be a good time, but I think we have a better time right now.   Keith Weinhold  30:10   I sold one apartment building in 2022 for about $1 million and I sold another one of my apartment buildings in 2023 for about $1 million I had bought those in 2013 with 10 year balloon loans, so I was enjoying that nice fixed rate as late and as long as I could, until 2022, nine years and 2023, 10 years before the rate went up on me. But of course, my new buyer had to pay that rate, so it limited the amount that they could offer for it. However, to your point about investing for a long time horizon, I still had profits on those nine and 10 year holds, but yeah, to your point, Brad about the looser lending, this is huge. I read a summary of the latest national Multifamily Housing Council meeting, and one of the biggest takeaways that came out of that meeting is that there is abundant debt available. It's in increasingly attractive terms. And a lot of people think about mortgages, and they just think about the rates, and you should that's certainly important, but they don't think as much about the propensity for others to lend. How loose, or how tight are those standards? They're loose, yeah.   Brad Sumrok  31:25   And, I mean, look, the first deal I did in 2002 the interest rate was 6.35% the rates right now are less than that, you know, as of the date of this recording. So, you know, I always talk about a base case of a $10 million deal. It may seem large to you or to people listening, but like in my world of syndication, where we're not just looking at the real estate piece, but learning how to raise money to buy real estate so we could have a bigger property that's professionally managed and become a true business owner like Robert Kiyosaki talks about, do you want to be self employed? I tell my students, buy a six Plex. Do you want to own an apartment business by 60 units and hire a management company? So when I'm talking about this $10 million deal, you know, you can get a $7 million loan right now for probably in the mid 5% and it would be non recourse, and you could probably get three years of interest only, meaning for the first three years, you're going to have a higher cash flow. So like, this is a really good loan compared to 2021 when we could get 3% debt. It's not but remember that 3% loan was a short term loan. You know, it wasn't a 10 year fixed rate loan, it was a short term loan, and we all saw what happened with that when they raised rates so many times in such a short period. So the fixed rate debt is very competitive based on, like, the long term, 20 year average, and it's lower than it was when I started.   Keith Weinhold  32:55   Well, we've been talking about elements of your apartment market forecast, and of course, that's going to inform your Buy Box. Brad, you mentor students constantly and oftentimes we think about a Buy Box. We think about then in terms of geographic market, but as we look for an opportunity, we also might think about some other things in your Buy Box, for example, new build versus vintage build. So with all of this traveling you do, and you're in the markets, and you're informing students, and you're looking at students prospective deals as well. But tell us more about what a good buy box is for the near term in apartment buildings.   Brad Sumrok  33:36   Yeah. So look like what is in the buy box, right? So one is going to be your location. And so, you know, how do I select a good location? Just some tips and strategies around that is, I look for landlord and business friendly environments. In other words, if the tenant doesn't pay, do they get to stay or not, you know, so I like to be in market so that they don't pay, that we could legally, you know, not have them consume our product for a long period of time. So I also look at things like job growth and population growth, affordability gap. New supply is a percentage of inventory, you know, the new supply coming online in a diversified economy. So, like, you want to get your geographies nailed down. Like, where you buy matters, like, there's no substitute to I would rather pay more for a property in a location that meets that criteria than less for a property that doesn't. Yeah. So geography is important. You want to pick your property size, like, how many units, or what's the price point. Okay? And this is huge, because if you're gonna buy your own deal with your own money, which is another reason I prefer syndication. Let's say you have pick a number, 100,000 to invest. Like you can only buy a $300,000 property, two units somewhere, three units somewhere, you know. Or zero units somewhere, right, right? So if you have expanded your you know, your mind and your skill set to do a syndication 100,000 doesn't limit you to your own money, you know. And then I would say, Well, what is a great size for a first time syndicator is I would target somewhere around 60 to 80 units, and at 100,000 a unit, which is a ballpark price for maybe a nice B class property or high C Class property, and a market that meets the criteria that I outlined earlier. You know, you're looking at, say, a six to $8 million property. And so what you could do from there, Keith is, you could say, Okay, well, you know, this is why, like in my educational course, I use a $10 million property, because the numbers are easy. But even just say, Well, I'm going to do an $8 million property, you'd say, Okay, I need two to 3 million down, depending on the debt, right? And then I'm going to get a the balance in a loan, you know, because you could get a 70 to 75% loan. So then you ask, Well, where am I going to get to 2 million, right? If I have 100 I need $1.9 million and so then you got to start thinking about like, do I have access to people or work or in the neighborhood or at the community or at the church, you know, or do I go to masterminds and conferences and meetup groups like, where I saw you Keith last month, like, there's a lot of investors there with a lot of money, right? And some of them are looking to be passive investors. And so, you know, there's a whole nother conversation around, you know, raising capital. And if you can't raise capital, then you may want to bring in some people on your GP team that could help you raise capital, as long as you're following, like the SEC compliance and again, that's another discussion. That's the importance of having the buy box so you have your geography, your property size, your property class. You know, again, if you just want the new construction stuff. There's some people out there, like big name, famous people, that are highlighting their 800 unit a class deals that they're buying. And of course, like you or I that are just getting started, can't go buy that deal. And so why? You know the institutions are going after the large A class properties in the best areas. And so where I've made my niche Keith, and what I would recommend most people start is start with the older vintage properties, start with the 1970s properties, and then maybe work your way up to the 1980s and 1990s properties. And why is this is because the institutions don't want those properties, and they're still able to be professionally managed. Like, if you go and buy 100 unit C Class property, as long as it's not in a bad neighborhood with, like, high crime or whatever like that. Like, these are very honest, hard working, working class people that need a clean, safe and functional place to live, and you'll be able to get better returns on a C or A B class, also known as like the cap rate. And again, that's another discussion, but you'll be able to get a better return on an older vintage property than you would on a vintage property. And you're not competing with the institutions, but you're also not competing with the mom and pops, because the mom and pops are going to take that 100,000 they have and go buy a duplex. You know, they're not going to want to syndicate a deal. They're not going to want to have partners. They're not going to want to deal with the so called complexities of buying a company. And that's what buying an apartment community is, Keith, it's buying a company. You're buying a business that has an income stream already being generated those customers, they're called residents. They're called tenants, you know, but if you just go upstream from buying real estate or buying an apartment building, we're buying a cash flow producing business that's existing, that's in place, and then our job is to figure out how to run it better and more efficiently. You the   Keith Weinhold  39:04   You the listener, you might have access to, say, 500k in equity that's sitting in your existing properties. And some of these numbers that Brad and I are throwing around are rather large, $10 billion but one of the biggest epiphanies that I think your students have is that doesn't need to be much of your own money. We're talking about what's called the capital stack to take down a $10 million apartment building. Maybe you borrow seven and a half million of that. Maybe you raise 2 million of that from your other investors in the syndication, and then you put your 500k into the deal, and there you have $10 million in order to make that purchase. But yes, that does involve a learning curve and the SEC rules and all that. But the big takeaway here is you don't need much of your own money. You can leverage other people's money, even for the down payment. And Brad, you're also an expert at showing people how to pay almost. Zero tax, which is another discussion unto itself, but some of your students start with zero experience, and within a few short years, I mean, you've had hundreds of people that have either retired early or increased their net worth by over a million dollars. A lot of success stories,   Brad Sumrok  40:17   yeah, look, I mean, I started with no previous real estate investing experience. My experience was going to college, studying hard, getting decent grades, becoming an engineer, you know, being fired once, being laid off once, and reading Robert Kiyosaki books that motivated me to to go out and seek specialized education. And I think it was Jim Rohn that said formal education, like degree could get you a job, and specialized education like you can get in a conference or a mastermind or a mentorship program. And that's also how I started. I went to a weekend workshop back in 2001 and I bought the mentorship program. And boy, I'm glad I did, because, you know, that's how I got into my first 62 units. So you don't need to have experience. What you need to have is a powerful reason, a powerful why? Why do I want to be financially free? Like apartments is just a vehicle. I didn't choose apartments because I love departments. I choose departments because they cash flow, they go up in value, and you have amazing depreciation benefits.   Keith Weinhold  41:23   Yeah, I'm the same. I don't love apartments in a way. I don't love real estate. I love what these things do for me    Brad Sumrok  41:30   exactly. Yeah? So, like, you don't have to have experience. In the other category, of people that have come into my community that don't have apartment experience, a lot of them have real estate experience, Keith, that are doing, like, single family homes, short term rentals, or maybe smaller, multi unit deals. And they listen to a show like this, and they're like, huh, I want to transition from doing these smaller types of assets with my own money and self managing to scaling into a syndication.   Keith Weinhold  42:03   Brad has taken countless people from get rich education to got rich education. His core values are faith, finance, fitness, family and fulfillment. He is committed to helping people experience not just financial success, but personal fulfillment, purpose, contribution, freedom and Brad and his investor community have contributed over $1 million to charity. Is really the person you want to learn from if you want to think about going bigger with multifamily apartment buildings. This has been great, Brad. Let our audience know how they can connect with you and learn more?   Brad Sumrok  42:42   Yeah, sure. So I would say this is where I should just be very clear here, okay, but I'm gonna give a couple options, because that's what I'm so of course, there's a website which is my first and last name.com, B, R, A, D, S, U, M, R, O, k, for those of you on social media, I respond to my own social so you'll find me again. B, R, A, D, S, U, M, R, O, K, on LinkedIn, Instagram and Facebook.   Keith Weinhold  43:13   Brad, it's been so valuable. It seems like American apartment buildings are in for redemption story here. It's been great having you back on the show.   Keith Weinhold  43:29   Brad and I both emphasize physical fitness, and we chatted about that a good bit when we were together last month. I think he looks better than me. To summarize, the reasons for this historic collapse in apartment building values. It was the combination of soaring interest rates, massive inflation, spiking insurance costs, construction soared, and it created an oversupply, and that oversupply still is not absorbed. In fact, according to the outlet apartment list, the National multifamily vacancy rate recently hit 7.2% that's the highest in the history of the index, which dates back to 2017 and that's chiefly due to apartment oversupply. Have apartments really hit the bottom? Brad just said, we're at or near the bottom, and it's a good time to be gearing up as far as what's coming. To give you an idea of new apartment supply, what takes about two years from construction start to completion. And now you can't just have all US apartment construction come to a complete stop. You have to keep people working. And there are almost 400 MSAs in the United States, so you couldn't coordinate a complete ceasing of construction across every area. So how about the level of new construction starts in apartment units today, and the way that HUD counts it is the number of units started in buildings of five plus units the recent peak. Was about 600,000 annually in 2023 and today it's closer to 400,000 there it is that slowing pace of new apartment construction. If you jump into multifam, be careful of properties with deferred maintenance, because understand that you have a lot of underfunded owners Now Brad can tell you specifically what to look out for his rat race to retirement event is March 28 and 29th in Dallas. It's a two day hands on workshop. You'll learn how to find apartment deals, how to underwrite deals, how to raise capital management and your exit. Discover how you can retire in five years or less by owning apartments again. His website is Brad sumrock.com    Keith Weinhold  45:49   coming up on future episodes here on the get rich education podcast. We're about to go on a run. The next stretch of GRE is loaded. We've got fresh topics with some game changing monolog content that I'm going to share with you new guests, distinguished experts, we're going to break down an innovative way to sell properties that could completely change how you think about your exit strategy of the 50 US states. I'm going to discuss some awful states to invest in, including ones with population loss. On another episode, a distinguished subject matter expert and I are going to dive deep on does America really have a housing shortage, not in apartments which are oversupplied, but is there a shortage in the one to four unit space? That's our topic, because you probably heard contradictory information in the media about whether there's a shortage or not, and then some outlets say there's a housing shortage of 2 million units. Others, 10 million. They're all over the place. We're going to sort it out on an upcoming episode. Does America really have a housing shortage? Then the youngest guest to ever appear on the show will be with us. He's a 19 year old college student that has a real estate investing related major, and since last year, he and I have befriended each other. He was born in about 2006 so it'll be interesting to see how he views the investing world and what they teach him about real estate investing in college today, he is probably the most impressive teenager that I've ever met in my life. Then six weeks from now, we will have an epic get rich education podcast episode 600 on a subject as paradoxical and complete with a GRE contrarianism That builds real wealth, debt is the American dream will be episode 600 if you're serious about building wealth, be sure to follow or subscribe to the show. We are going on a run. If you know someone in your life who needs to think differently. If you know one investor who's still waiting for perfect conditions. This will help them tap the Share button and tell them about the show until next week. I'm your host. Keith Weinhold, don't quit your daydream.   Unknown Speaker  48:14   Nothing on this show should be considered specific, personal or professional advice. Please consult an appropriate tax, legal, real estate, financial or business professional for individualized advice. Opinions of guests are their own. Information is not guaranteed. All investment strategies have the potential for profit or loss. The host is operating on behalf of get rich Education LLC, exclusively.   Keith Weinhold  48:42   The preceding program was brought to you by your home for wealth, building, get richeducation.com  

In the second hour of Nuanez Now, Colter Nuanez is joined by Brooks Nuanez to wrap up the NFL season, highlighting Patrick O'Connell and other former Grizzlies who have won Super Bowls, along with additional Big Sky Conference representatives on the league's biggest stage, including Cooper Kupp. The two break down a Super Bowl that wasn't particularly close, as the Seahawks dominated the Patriots to claim their first title of the Russell Wilson era and avenge a previous heartbreaking loss to New England. They also discuss which teams may have the biggest regrets from the season, as several top quarterbacks failed to make deep postseason runs, and look ahead to early Super Bowl favorites for next season.Then, in this week's Class C Spotlight, Geoff Safford sits down with St. Regis boys basketball head coach Jesse Allen to discuss the Tigers' impressive season, highlighted by a 16–0 start and a No. 2 ranking in Class C.

Manhattan Christian alum Seth Amunrud shares his story of going from Class C to junior college to Montana State and helps preview MSU's rivalry game in Missoula against Montana on Saturday.

Colter kicks off the second hour of Nuanez Now by sitting down with Montana State women's basketball head coach Tricia Binford to discuss the Bobcats' season so far, which players have stood out, and how the energy and support from the home crowd continue to impact the team's success.Then, Geoff Safford catches up with Scobey Spartans boys basketball head coach Jason Wolfe to talk about the Spartans' rise to the #1 ranking in Class C, where they fit into the Montana hoops landscape, what's fueled their success, how the community rallies around the program, and the growth of the team led by its five seniors.

Send us a textIn this episode of Weiss Advice, host Yonah Weiss sits down with real estate investor and broker Christina Kovacs to unpack her full journey through residential flips, short-term rentals, multifamily ownership, and asset management at scale.Christina shares how getting her hands dirty early in her career shaped her as an operator, why she ultimately pivoted away from single-asset investing, and the lessons she learned the hard way about property management, partner selection, and staying focused in one lane.They also dive into tenant management, underwriting realities in Class C assets, the power of LinkedIn as a business tool, and why Christina is now doubling down on multifamily and commercial brokerage heading into 2026.This is a must-listen for investors who want real, operator-level insight into what actually drives performance in multifamily deals.⏱️ Episode Timestamps00:01:30 – Christina's early real estate journey and live-in flips 03:30 – Pivoting from single-family and STRs into multifamily 06:45 – Joint ventures vs syndications and building confidence as an operator 07:50 – Why property management can destroy a great deal 09:00 – The 42-question property manager vetting process 11:00 – Auditing ledgers, hidden expense creep, and CapEx tracking 16:15 – Tenant horror stories and inherited problems after acquisition 18:45 – Managing delinquency and underwriting reality in Class C assets 20:00 – How LinkedIn became a powerful networking and deal-making tool 22:20 – The “Final Four” questions: books, skills, failure, and success 26:30 – Transitioning into commercial real estate brokerage 28:15 – What success truly means to Christina today

Welcome back to RV Hour, the RV lifestyle and industry podcast hosted by Larry McNamara, CEO of Giant Recreation World. Each week, we bring RV owners the best tips, newest industry trends, and exclusive deals from Florida's most trusted RV dealership. In Episode 138, we dive into one of the biggest events in the RV world: Top Takeaways from Elkhart – The RV Capital of the World. If you want to know what's coming next in RV design, technology, manufacturing, and trends for the 2025–2026 season, this episode is packed with insights you won't find anywhere else.

Welcome back to another exciting episode of RV Hour, hosted by Larry McNamara, CEO of Giant Recreation World—your trusted Florida RV dealership for over 50 years! This week marks a HUGE milestone—Episode 150—and we're celebrating with one of the most valuable topics for any future or first-time RVer: ⭐ What Every Buyer Should Know When Shopping for a New RV Whether you're preparing to purchase your very first RV or upgrading to your next home-on-wheels, this episode gives you the insider knowledge you need to shop smart, avoid common mistakes, and get the best value for your investment.

ARRESTING THE CABINET AND DEFINING CLASS A CRIMES Colleague Professor Gary J. Bass. As MacArthur's occupation forces arrived in a ruined Tokyo, they began arresting suspects, including former Prime Minister Tojo Hideki, who botched a suicide attempt. The upcoming International Military Tribunal for the Far Eastcategorized offenses into Class A (aggressive war), Class B (conventional war crimes), and Class C (crimes against humanity). Prosecutors utilized the discovered diary of Kido Koichi, the Emperor's advisor, to map decision-making, though the Emperor himself remained untouched. Notably, while General Matsui was charged for the Nanjing Massacre, the Emperor's uncle, Prince Asaka, who was also commanding troops there, escaped prosecution entirely. NUMBER 31930 TOKYO

In this episode of the Smart Real Estate Coach Podcast, I'm hanging out with someone who's been in the trenches in some of the toughest rental markets and came out retired on a Florida beach — Ron Faraci. Ron has owned and managed several hundred low-income rentals, transformed ugly, problem portfolios into highly profitable ones, and ran CT REIA, the fifth-largest real estate investors association in the country. He's also the author of Confessions of a Landlord and creator of the now-famous 31-page "Bulletproof Lease."     We unpack how Ron quit his job, cashed out his 401(k), and went all-in on class C/D "ghetto-adjacent" properties, why he cares more about terms than price, and how he used forced appreciation and systems to retire in his mid-40s. He shares real-world landlording tactics—no garbage disposals, painted "magic handles," orange-coated copper, even canine-unit letters to chase off drug dealers—plus why he runs his business with "no mercy, no quarter" and a lease tenants initial 80+ times.   If you're a landlord, property manager, or aspiring buy-and-hold investor who wants cash flow, control, and fewer headaches, this conversation is a masterclass in how to make tough rentals profitable without losing your mind.   Key Talking Points of the Episode   00:00 Introduction 01:03 Who is Ron Faraci?  02:30 Semi-retired in St. Augustine, FL (and why the beach isn't "enough") 03:13 Blue-collar beginnings, LA sales job, and a fear of losing it all 04:34 Quitting the job, cashing in his 401K and burning the boats 05:05 Discovering creative financing early in his real estate career 06:02 Finding his tribe in CT REIA and buying it 07:11 Selling CT REIA and realizing that there's no finish line 08:45 Why joining your local REIA is key to getting started 10:20 Macro curveballs & building your "pivot muscle" 11:16 The pivot during COVID: Zoom meetings & over-delivering value 12:44 The money in tough, low-income areas 13:30 The million-dollar "worst two-family" example 14:02 No mercy, no quarter: If you want a friend, buy a puppy 15:16 The importance of knowing your fastball and letting someone else run your business 19:17 Appreciation vs. forcing NOI with cap rates as multipliers 20:38 What doesn't belong in low-income units 22:24 Magic handles, dirty copper & fly-free trash cans 25:30 Clearing out drug dealers with a single letter 27:57 The story behind The Bulletproof Lease 28:31 Where to find a copy of the Bulletproof Lease   Quotables   "You grow up with no money, you're stressed about having no money. Then you get a little bit, you're stressed about losing it."   "If I was playing poker, I pushed all the chips in. If you want to take the island, burn your boats."   "No mercy, no quarter… If you want a friend, buy a puppy… and if you want to eff around, you're going to find out."   Links   The Bulletproof Lease https://bulletprooflease.com   QLS 4.0 - Use coupon code for 50% off https://smartrealestatecoach.com/qls Coupon code: pod   Apprentice Program https://3paydaysapprentice.com Coupon code: Podcast   Masterclass https://smartrealestatecoach.com/masterspodcast   3 Paydays Books https://3paydaysbooks.com/podcast   Strategy Session https://smartrealestatecoach.com/actionpodcast   Partners https://smartrealestatecoach.com/podcastresources

The law makes performing an elective abortion a Class C felony carrying a punishment of up to five years in prison with fines of up to $10,000. Constitutional expert, lawyer, author, pastor, and founder of Liberty Counsel Mat Staver discusses the important topics of the day with co-hosts and guests that impact life, liberty, and family. To stay informed and get involved, visit LC.org.

In this episode of the Academy Presents Real Estate Investing Rocks, Angel sits down with investor and entrepreneur Joe Rinderknecht. Joe shares how growing up on a ranch, working construction with his dad, and discovering Rich Dad, Poor Dad shaped his mindset and work ethic. He walks through his early days bird-dogging deals, the challenges new investors face in today's economic landscape, and how real-world experience prepared him for success in real estate. Whether you are new, stuck, or seasoned, this conversation offers practical insight and relatable guidance for navigating today's investing environment.Topics Covered• The mindset and values learned from ranching and construction• How Joe transitioned into entrepreneurship and real estate• What bird-dogging is and how it helps new investors enter the industry• Why old investing strategies don't always work in the current economic climate• The impact of economic shifts on Class C value-add properties• The importance of clear expectations when working with mentors or partners• The realities of getting started: experience vs. compensation• How today's financial pressures affect residents and operators• Creative ways to enter the investing space without capital• Joe's early investing environment in Utah and how he found opportunitiesFrom Ranch Life to Real Estate: Joe Rinderknecht's Journey Into InvestingConnect with Angel: https://www.linkedin.com/in/angel-williams-re/Connect with Joe: https://www.linkedin.com/in/joerinderknecht/

Chris Wise is a Navy veteran, attorney, and founder of Wise Capital—a property technology company focused on upgrading Class C multifamily housing through in-house AI, IoT, and data systems. By combining real estate ownership with smart software development, he's redefining operations and improving tenant experiences across older multifamily assets. Based in Louisville, Kentucky, Chris brings a unique blend of military discipline, legal expertise, and tech innovation to the multifamily investing space.     Make sure to download our free guide, 7 Questions Every Passive Investor Should Ask, here.     Key Takeaways How Chris transitioned from Navy to law to real estate The North Star guiding his career pivots: social impact Why predictive maintenance is essential in Class C properties Using IoT and internal tech to reduce costs and extend asset life Real examples of tracking power and water consumption to prevent failures How in-house product development helps maintain affordability     Topics From the Navy to Real Estate: A Career of Purpose Chris's path from Navy service to law school and legal practice How his passion for social impact shaped his professional pivots Solving Problems Through Technology Founding a software and marketing firm to solve internal inefficiencies Learning to code and build tools to reduce costs for small businesses The Rise of Wise Capital How Chris combined real estate and tech to launch Wise Capital Why Class C properties were the ideal target for smart upgrades IoT and Predictive Maintenance in Action Identifying failing systems before they break: water, power, HVAC Using public product data and power consumption to monitor appliances Replacing $0.10 fuses instead of full appliances Reducing Costs Without Raising Rents Keeping rent stable by slashing expenses through innovation Why many "smart" solutions don't make sense financially—and how to build better Vertically Integrated Operations and Property Management Why Chris keeps property management in-house Hidden costs in third-party management that eat into NOI Common Missteps in Value-Add Projects Misplaced renovation priorities (e.g., ignoring plumbing or sinks) Focus on function, pride of living, and true ROI over cosmetic updates    

Welcome to the Part Time Pilot Audio Ground School Podcast! This podcast takes our free podcast to a whole new level by providing students with every single lesson included in the Part Time Pilot Private Pilot & IFR Ground Schools without a single Ad! On top of that, VIP podcast students get BONUS episodes like Mock Checkrides, Checkride Prep, Expert Interviews and more!   The #1 reason student pilots never end up becoming a private pilot is NOT due to money. The real reason is actually deeper than that. Yes, flight training is expensive. But every student pilot knows this and budgets for it when they decide to do it.   The actual #1 reason a student pilot fails is because they do not have a good, fundamental understanding of the private pilot knowledge they are meant to learn in ground school.   You see when a student does not have a good grasp of this knowledge they get to a point in their flight training where their mind just can't keep up. They start making mistakes and having to redo lessons. And THAT is when it starts getting too expensive.   This audio ground school is meant for the modern day student pilot... aka the part time student pilot. Let's face it, the majority of us have full time responsibilities on top of flight training. Whether it is a job, kids, family, school, etc. we all keep ourselves busy with the things that are important to us. And with today's economy we have to maintain that job just to pay for the training. The modern day student pilot is busy, on the go and always trying to find time throughout his or her day to stay up on their studies. The audio ground school allows them to consume high quality content while walking, running, working out, sitting in traffic, traveling, or even just a break from the boring FAR/AIM or ground school lecture.   Did I meant high quality content? The audio ground school is taken straight out of the 5-star rated Part Time Pilot Online Ground School that has had over 2000 students take and pass their Private Pilot & IFR exams with only 2 total students failing the written. That's a 99.9% success rate! And the 2 that failed? We refunded their cost of ground school and helped them pass on their second attempt. We do this by keeping ground school engaging, fun, light and consumable. We have written lessons, videos, audio lessons, live video lessons, community chats, quizzes, practice tests, flash cards, study guides, eBooks and much more.   Part Time Pilot was created to be a breath of fresh air for student pilots. To be that flight training provider that looks out for them and their needs. So that is just what we are doing with this podcast.     IFR Section 6 Lesson 4: In this Free IFR ground school audio lesson we cover the things you need to know about Class C airspace for IFR flying!   Links mentioned in the episode:   Private Pilot Online Ground School: PPL Ground School - Part Time Pilot Checkride Prep: PPL Checkride Prep - Part Time Pilot IFR Online Ground School: IFR Ground School – Part Time Pilot   PPL study group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/parttimepilot  IFR study group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/parttimepilotifr/   Recommended Products & Discounts:  https://parttimepilot.com/recommended-products-for-student-pilots/ 

In this episode of the Real Estate Pros podcast, host Erika speaks with Casey Roloff, a serial entrepreneur and Army veteran who transitioned into real estate. Casey shares his journey from military service to real estate investment, discussing the lessons learned from his past experiences and how they shaped his business approach. He emphasizes the importance of education, networking, and community in achieving success in real estate. Casey also recounts challenges faced in managing properties and navigating complex deals, highlighting the significance of resilience and problem-solving in the industry.   Professional Real Estate Investors - How we can help you: Investor Fuel Mastermind:  Learn more about the Investor Fuel Mastermind, including 100% deal financing, massive discounts from vendors and sponsors you're already using, our world class community of over 150 members, and SO much more here: http://www.investorfuel.com/apply   Investor Machine Marketing Partnership:  Are you looking for consistent, high quality lead generation? Investor Machine is America's #1 lead generation service professional investors. Investor Machine provides true 'white glove' support to help you build the perfect marketing plan, then we'll execute it for you…talking and working together on an ongoing basis to help you hit YOUR goals! Learn more here: http://www.investormachine.com   Coaching with Mike Hambright:  Interested in 1 on 1 coaching with Mike Hambright? Mike coaches entrepreneurs looking to level up, build coaching or service based businesses (Mike runs multiple 7 and 8 figure a year businesses), building a coaching program and more. Learn more here: https://investorfuel.com/coachingwithmike   Attend a Vacation/Mastermind Retreat with Mike Hambright: Interested in joining a "mini-mastermind" with Mike and his private clients on an upcoming "Retreat", either at locations like Cabo San Lucas, Napa, Park City ski trip, Yellowstone, or even at Mike's East Texas "Big H Ranch"? Learn more here: http://www.investorfuel.com/retreat   Property Insurance: Join the largest and most investor friendly property insurance provider in 2 minutes. Free to join, and insure all your flips and rentals within minutes! There is NO easier insurance provider on the planet (turn insurance on or off in 1 minute without talking to anyone!), and there's no 15-30% agent mark up through this platform!  Register here: https://myinvestorinsurance.com/   New Real Estate Investors - How we can work together: Investor Fuel Club (Coaching and Deal Partner Community): Looking to kickstart your real estate investing career? Join our one of a kind Coaching Community, Investor Fuel Club, where you'll get trained by some of the best real estate investors in America, and partner with them on deals! You don't need $ for deals…we'll partner with you and hold your hand along the way! Learn More here: http://www.investorfuel.com/club   —--------------------

Discover why Class C multifamily properties offer huge value-add potential and learn 4 proven hacks to boost cash flow and force appreciation.Here's what you'll learn:What defines a Class C multifamily propertyWhy NOW is the perfect time to invest4 proven value-add hacks to boost cash flow and force appreciationReal-world math and examples you can apply TODAY

Jon Weiskopf is the Founder and CEO of Blue Eyed Capital, a purpose-driven investment firm focused on helping people of color invest in high-performing real estate that delivers both financial returns and meaningful impact. After a successful engineering career that included designing Apple's flagship retail stores around the world, Jon left corporate life to pursue a more meaningful mission—one grounded in sustainability, social responsibility, and leaving a better world for his children. His impact-focused approach to multifamily investing prioritizes operational efficiency, environmental upgrades, and tenant well-being as pathways to long-term success.     Make sure to download our free guide, 7 Questions Every Passive Investor Should Ask, here.     Key Takeaways Real estate impact investing is not charity—it's smart, sustainable business Operational efficiency matters more than rent growth for long-term value Utility cost trends are critical indicators of property performance risk Personal alignment with your investing mission prevents burnout and increases longevity Finding properties close to home can reduce risk and improve responsiveness Capital access and relationship-building are essential for resilience in tough markets     Topics From Apple to Apartment Investing Jon's career began in engineering, including 10 years leading Apple's retail development globally A burnout and desire to spend more time with family pushed him to rethink his priorities After attending a real estate event, he realized his background in construction and systems was an untapped advantage Finding Purpose in Real Estate Named after his wife and children, Blue Eyed Capital was born from a desire to create legacy and impact Jon's “why” includes modeling values for his kids and using his skills to improve the world Leaving Apple and taking a three-month leave of absence gave him clarity and relief from corporate stress Why Impact Investing Is Smart Business Jon focuses on improving underperforming Class C properties with outdated systems Instead of relying on rent increases, he drives returns through sustainability upgrades and energy efficiency Better-performing systems (HVAC, lighting, etc.) lead to tenant stability, lower expenses, and long-term ROI What Most Investors Get Wrong Many operators don't understand the compounding effects of rising utility costs Passing on utility bills to tenants only works until affordability breaks down Energy-efficient upgrades generate increasing savings year over year—unlike cosmetic renovations Choosing the Right Properties Looks for good bones: buildings that are structurally sound but need systems updates Willing to walk away from deals if fundamentals (e.g., plumbing) don't check out Proximity to home has become increasingly important for asset management responsiveness Capital Raising and Private Lending Jon warns new operators not to underestimate the difficulty of raising capital Missed investor commitments and slow funding timelines require backup plans He's built a parallel business in private lending to create consistent cash flow between deals    

From Gio's legendary WFAN intern class to a former employee calling the Blue Jays–Mariners series for MLB India, the updates kept rolling. C-Lo faced a caller daring him to box Spike Eskin, NBA on NBC returned with Mike Tirico chatting with Michael Jordan, and the Moment of the Day? Torching the Jets for clicks. And just when you thought it couldn't get weirder, Gio's algorithm delivered a stream of people losing it over coworkers pooping at work.

In this conversation, Kevin Kozak discusses his investment strategy focusing on long-term rental housing, particularly Class C properties. He emphasizes the stability of investing in properties that have been around for decades and the challenges faced by new construction in meeting affordable rental prices. Kozak highlights the potential for profitability through the renovation of vintage properties, allowing for competitive rental rates without the pressure of new supply in the market.   Professional Real Estate Investors - How we can help you: Investor Fuel Mastermind:  Learn more about the Investor Fuel Mastermind, including 100% deal financing, massive discounts from vendors and sponsors you're already using, our world class community of over 150 members, and SO much more here: http://www.investorfuel.com/apply   Investor Machine Marketing Partnership:  Are you looking for consistent, high quality lead generation? Investor Machine is America's #1 lead generation service professional investors. Investor Machine provides true ‘white glove' support to help you build the perfect marketing plan, then we'll execute it for you…talking and working together on an ongoing basis to help you hit YOUR goals! Learn more here: http://www.investormachine.com   Coaching with Mike Hambright:  Interested in 1 on 1 coaching with Mike Hambright? Mike coaches entrepreneurs looking to level up, build coaching or service based businesses (Mike runs multiple 7 and 8 figure a year businesses), building a coaching program and more. Learn more here: https://investorfuel.com/coachingwithmike   Attend a Vacation/Mastermind Retreat with Mike Hambright: Interested in joining a “mini-mastermind” with Mike and his private clients on an upcoming “Retreat”, either at locations like Cabo San Lucas, Napa, Park City ski trip, Yellowstone, or even at Mike's East Texas “Big H Ranch”? Learn more here: http://www.investorfuel.com/retreat   Property Insurance: Join the largest and most investor friendly property insurance provider in 2 minutes. Free to join, and insure all your flips and rentals within minutes! There is NO easier insurance provider on the planet (turn insurance on or off in 1 minute without talking to anyone!), and there's no 15-30% agent mark up through this platform!  Register here: https://myinvestorinsurance.com/   New Real Estate Investors - How we can work together: Investor Fuel Club (Coaching and Deal Partner Community): Looking to kickstart your real estate investing career? Join our one of a kind Coaching Community, Investor Fuel Club, where you'll get trained by some of the best real estate investors in America, and partner with them on deals! You don't need $ for deals…we'll partner with you and hold your hand along the way! Learn More here: http://www.investorfuel.com/club   —--------------------

Listener Chris C sparked this week's conversation with a thoughtful question about infrequent flying: "I have to think there's a whole class of pilots out there like me who just don't get up in the air very often... how I'll probably be camping on Mount Stupid for years at my current rate of flying." The crew dives deep into proficiency, imposter syndrome, and why flying once a month doesn't make you any less of a pilot.In this episode:Chris C's honest take on being an infrequent flyer and what it means for skills, risk assessment, and confidenceBrian's insight: "You're not somebody that's rusty. You're somebody that is consciously, willfully not flying a lot, but flying a little"Why "there are millions of people in this country that don't have a pilot license at all—so you're flying more than them"Ben confesses to his wrong-runway landing in Florida: "I turned all the blood left my face"Strut collapses, coyote wrangling, and why the instrument written is "just a hazing"Bonus wisdom: "VFR flying is like break dancing. IFR flying is like cotillion." Also: Don't write "oops, landed wrong runway" in your logbook.Thanks to Chris C for the episode inspiration and for reminding us that thoughtful, safety-conscious flying matters way more than your Hobbs meter.Mentioned on the Show:List of Class B airports - WikipediaList of Class C airports with traffic volume - WikipediaSheppard Air - Written test prepTriple Tree Fly-In - Sep 22-28, SC00 Spartanburg, SCMusic City STOL - Oct 10-11, XNX Gallatin, TNSwift National Fly-In - Oct 1-5, MMI Athens, TNCheckMate Aviation - Barry's aviation businessThe in person (online) guided IFR course Brian is taking is from our friend of the show CFII Erica Gilbert, and you can sign up here: https://www.gilbertaviation.com/ifrSupport the Show:Join the Patreon community for Discord access, exclusive content, and check ride debriefs: Patreon.com/MidlifePilotPodcastVisit MidlifePilotPodcast.com for merch, feedback, and all things Midlife Pilot PodcastLeave us a 5-star reviewSubscribe and catch us live most Monday nights at 8 PM ET on YouTube: youtube.com/@midlifepilotpodcast10% of Patreon proceeds support Freedom Aviation Network's anti-human trafficking effortswww.freedomaviationnetwork.org

Last time we spoke about the surrender of Japan. Emperor Hirohito announced the surrender on August 15, prompting mixed public reactions: grief, shock, and sympathy for the Emperor, tempered by fear of hardship and occupation. The government's response included resignations and suicide as new leadership was brought in under Prime Minister Higashikuni, with Mamoru Shigemitsu as Foreign Minister and Kawabe Torashiro heading a delegation to Manila. General MacArthur directed the occupation plan, “Blacklist,” prioritizing rapid, phased entry into key Japanese areas and Korea, while demobilizing enemy forces. The surrender ceremony occurred aboard the Missouri in Tokyo Bay on September 2, with Wainwright, Percival, Nimitz, and UN representatives in attendance. Civilians and soldiers across Asia began surrendering, and postwar rehabilitation, Indochina and Vietnam's independence movements, and Southeast Asian transitions rapidly unfolded as Allied forces established control. This episode is the Aftermath of the Pacific War Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  The Pacific War has ended. Peace has been restored by the Allies and most of the places conquered by the Japanese Empire have been liberated. In this post-war period, new challenges would be faced for those who won the war; and from the ashes of an empire, a defeated nation was also seeking to rebuild. As the Japanese demobilized their armed forces, many young boys were set to return to their homeland, even if they had previously thought that they wouldn't survive the ordeal. And yet, there were some cases of isolated men that would continue to fight for decades even, unaware that the war had already ended.  As we last saw, after the Japanese surrender, General MacArthur's forces began the occupation of the Japanese home islands, while their overseas empire was being dismantled by the Allies. To handle civil administration, MacArthur established the Military Government Section, commanded by Brigadier-General William Crist, staffed by hundreds of US experts trained in civil governance who were reassigned from Okinawa and the Philippines. As the occupation began, Americans dispatched tactical units and Military Government Teams to each prefecture to ensure that policies were faithfully carried out. By mid-September, General Eichelberger's 8th Army had taken over the Tokyo Bay region and began deploying to occupy Hokkaido and the northern half of Honshu. Then General Krueger's 6th Army arrived in late September, taking southern Honshu and Shikoku, with its base in Kyoto. In December, 6th Army was relieved of its occupation duties; in January 1946, it was deactivated, leaving the 8th Army as the main garrison force. By late 1945, about 430,000 American soldiers were garrisoned across Japan. President Truman approved inviting Allied involvement on American terms, with occupation armies integrated into a US command structure. Yet with the Chinese civil war and Russia's reluctance to place its forces under MacArthur's control, only Australia, Britain, India, and New Zealand sent brigades, more than 40,000 troops in southwestern Japan. Japanese troops were gradually disarmed by order of their own commanders, so the stigma of surrender would be less keenly felt by the individual soldier. In the homeland, about 1.5 million men were discharged and returned home by the end of August. Demobilization overseas, however, proceeded, not quickly, but as a long, difficult process of repatriation. In compliance with General Order No. 1, the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters disbanded on September 13 and was superseded by the Japanese War Department to manage demobilization. By November 1, the homeland had demobilized 2,228,761 personnel, roughly 97% of the Homeland Army. Yet some 6,413,215 men remained to be repatriated from overseas. On December 1, the Japanese War Ministry dissolved, and the First Demobilization Ministry took its place. The Second Demobilization Ministry was established to handle IJN demobilization, with 1,299,868 sailors, 81% of the Navy, demobilized by December 17. Japanese warships and merchant ships had their weapons rendered inoperative, and suicide craft were destroyed. Forty percent of naval vessels were allocated to evacuations in the Philippines, and 60% to evacuations of other Pacific islands. This effort eventually repatriated about 823,984 men to Japan by February 15, 1946. As repatriation accelerated, by October 15 only 1,909,401 men remained to be repatriated, most of them in the Soviet Union. Meanwhile, the Higashikuni Cabinet and Foreign Minister Shigemitsu Mamoru managed to persuade MacArthur not to impose direct military rule or martial law over all of Japan. Instead, the occupation would be indirect, guided by the Japanese government under the Emperor's direction. An early decision to feed occupation forces from American supplies, and to allow the Japanese to use their own limited food stores, helped ease a core fear: that Imperial forces would impose forced deliveries on the people they conquered. On September 17, MacArthur transferred his headquarters from Yokohama to Tokyo, setting up primary offices on the sixth floor of the Dai-Ichi Mutual Life Insurance Building, an imposing edifice overlooking the moat and the Imperial palace grounds in Hibiya, a symbolic heart of the nation.  While the average soldier did not fit the rapacious image of wartime Japanese propagandists, occupation personnel often behaved like neo-colonial overlords. The conquerors claimed privileges unimaginable to most Japanese. Entire trains and train compartments, fitted with dining cars, were set aside for the exclusive use of occupation forces. These silenced, half-empty trains sped past crowded platforms, provoking ire as Japanese passengers were forced to enter and exit packed cars through punched-out windows, or perch on carriage roofs, couplings, and running boards, often with tragic consequences. The luxury express coaches became irresistible targets for anonymous stone-throwers. During the war, retrenchment measures had closed restaurants, cabarets, beer halls, geisha houses, and theatres in Tokyo and other large cities. Now, a vast leisure industry sprang up to cater to the needs of the foreign occupants. Reopened restaurants and theatres, along with train stations, buses, and streetcars, were sometimes kept off limits to Allied personnel, partly for security, partly to avoid burdening Japanese resources, but a costly service infrastructure was built to the occupiers' specifications. Facilities reserved for occupation troops bore large signs reading “Japanese Keep Out” or “For Allied Personnel Only.” In downtown Tokyo, important public buildings requisitioned for occupation use had separate entrances for Americans and Japanese. The effect? A subtle but clear colour bar between the predominantly white conquerors and the conquered “Asiatic” Japanese. Although MacArthur was ready to work through the Japanese government, he lacked the organizational infrastructure to administer a nation of 74 million. Consequently, on October 2, MacArthur dissolved the Military Government Section and inaugurated General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, a separate headquarters focused on civil affairs and operating in tandem with the Army high command. SCAP immediately assumed responsibility for administering the Japanese home islands. It commandeered every large building not burned down to house thousands of civilians and requisitioned vast tracts of prime real estate to quarter several hundred thousand troops in the Tokyo–Yokohama area alone. Amidst the rise of American privilege, entire buildings were refurbished as officers' clubs, replete with slot machines and gambling parlours installed at occupation expense. The Stars and Stripes were hoisted over Tokyo, while the display of the Rising Sun was banned; and the downtown area, known as “Little America,” was transformed into a US enclave. The enclave mentality of this cocooned existence was reinforced by the arrival within the first six months of roughly 700 American families. At the peak of the occupation, about 14,800 families employed some 25,000 Japanese servants to ease the “rigours” of overseas duty. Even enlisted men in the sparse quonset-hut towns around the city lived like kings compared with ordinary Japanese. Japanese workers cleaned barracks, did kitchen chores, and handled other base duties. The lowest private earned a 25% hardship bonus until these special allotments were discontinued in 1949. Most military families quickly adjusted to a pampered lifestyle that went beyond maids and “boys,” including cooks, laundresses, babysitters, gardeners, and masseuses. Perks included spacious quarters with swimming pools, central heating, hot running water, and modern plumbing. Two observers compared GHQ to the British Raj at its height. George F. Kennan, head of the State Department's Policy Planning Staff, warned during his 1948 mission to Japan that Americans had monopolized “everything that smacks of comfort or elegance or luxury,” criticizing what he called the “American brand of philistinism” and the “monumental imperviousness” of MacArthur's staff to the Japanese suffering. This conqueror's mentality also showed in the bullying attitudes many top occupation officials displayed toward the Japanese with whom they dealt. Major Faubion Bowers, MacArthur's military secretary, later said, “I and nearly all the occupation people I knew were extremely conceited and extremely arrogant and used our power every inch of the way.” Initially, there were spasms of defiance against the occupation forces, such as anonymous stone-throwing, while armed robbery and minor assaults against occupation personnel were rife in the weeks and months after capitulation. Yet active resistance was neither widespread nor organized. The Americans successfully completed their initial deployment without violence, an astonishing feat given a heavily armed and vastly superior enemy operating on home terrain. The average citizen regarded the occupation as akin to force majeure, the unfortunate but inevitable aftermath of a natural calamity. Japan lay prostrate. Industrial output had fallen to about 10% of pre-war levels, and as late as 1946, more than 13 million remained unemployed. Nearly 40% of Japan's urban areas had been turned to rubble, and some 9 million people were homeless. The war-displaced, many of them orphans, slept in doorways and hallways, in bombed-out ruins, dugouts and packing crates, under bridges or on pavements, and crowded the hallways of train and subway stations. As winter 1945 descended, with food, fuel, and clothing scarce, people froze to death. Bonfires lit the streets to ward off the chill. "The only warm hands I have shaken thus far in Japan belonged to Americans," Mark Gayn noted in December 1945. "The Japanese do not have much of a chance to thaw out, and their hands are cold and red." Unable to afford shoes, many wore straw sandals; those with geta felt themselves privileged. The sight of a man wearing a woman's high-buttoned shoes in winter epitomized the daily struggle to stay dry and warm. Shantytowns built of scrap wood, rusted metal, and scavenged odds and ends sprang up everywhere, resembling vast junk yards. The poorest searched smouldering refuse heaps for castoffs that might be bartered for a scrap to eat or wear. Black markets (yami'ichi) run by Japanese, Koreans, and For-mosans mushroomed to replace collapsed distribution channels and cash in on inflated prices. Tokyo became "a world of scarcity in which every nail, every rag, and even a tangerine peel [had a] market value." Psychologically numbed, disoriented, and disillusioned with their leaders, demobilized veterans and civilians alike struggled to get their bearings, shed militaristic ideologies, and begin to embrace new values. In the vacuum of defeat, the Japanese people appeared ready to reject the past and grasp at the straw held out by the former enemy. Relations between occupier and occupied were not smooth, however. American troops comported themselves like conquerors, especially in the early weeks and months of occupation. Much of the violence was directed against women, with the first attacks beginning within hours after the landing of advance units. When US paratroopers landed in Sapporo, an orgy of looting, sexual violence, and drunken brawling ensued. Newspaper accounts reported 931 serious offences by GIs in the Yokohama area during the first week of occupation, including 487 armed robberies, 411 thefts of currency or goods, 9 rapes, 5 break-ins, 3 cases of assault and battery, and 16 other acts of lawlessness. In the first 10 days of occupation, there were 1,336 reported rapes by US soldiers in Kanagawa Prefecture alone. Americans were not the only perpetrators. A former prostitute recalled that when Australian troops arrived in Kure in early 1946, they “dragged young women into their jeeps, took them to the mountain, and then raped them. I heard them screaming for help nearly every night.” Such behaviour was commonplace, but news of criminal activity by occupation forces was quickly suppressed. On September 10, 1945, SCAP issued press and pre-censorship codes outlawing the publication of reports and statistics "inimical to the objectives of the occupation." In the sole instance of self-help General Eichelberger records in his memoirs, when locals formed a vigilante group and retaliated against off-duty GIs, 8th Army ordered armored vehicles into the streets and arrested the ringleaders, who received lengthy prison terms. Misbehavior ranged from black-market activity, petty theft, reckless driving, and disorderly conduct to vandalism, arson, murder, and rape. Soldiers and sailors often broke the law with impunity, and incidents of robbery, rape, and even murder were widely reported. Gang rapes and other sex atrocities were not infrequent; victims, shunned as outcasts, sometimes turned to prostitution in desperation, while others took their own lives to avoid bringing shame to their families. Military courts arrested relatively few soldiers for these offenses and convicted even fewer; Japanese attempts at self-defense were punished severely, and restitution for victims was rare. Fearing the worst, Japanese authorities had already prepared countermeasures against the supposed rapacity of foreign soldiers. Imperial troops in East Asia and the Pacific had behaved brutally toward women, so the government established “sexual comfort-stations” manned by geisha, bar hostesses, and prostitutes to “satisfy the lust of the Occupation forces,” as the Higashikuni Cabinet put it. A budget of 100 million yen was set aside for these Recreation and Amusement Associations, financed initially with public funds but run as private enterprises under police supervision. Through these, the government hoped to protect the daughters of the well-born and middle class by turning to lower-class women to satisfy the soldiers' sexual appetites. By the end of 1945, brothel operators had rounded up an estimated 20,000 young women and herded them into RAA establishments nationwide. Eventually, as many as 70,000 are said to have ended up in the state-run sex industry. Thankfully, as military discipline took hold and fresh troops replaced the Allied veterans responsible for the early crime wave, violence subsided and the occupier's patronising behavior and the ugly misdeeds of a lawless few were gradually overlooked. However, fraternisation was frowned upon by both sides, and segregation was practiced in principle, with the Japanese excluded from areas reserved for Allied personnel until September 1949, when MacArthur lifted virtually all restrictions on friendly association, stating that he was “establishing the same relations between occupation personnel and the Japanese population as exists between troops stationed in the United States and the American people.” In principle, the Occupation's administrative structure was highly complex. The Far Eastern Commission, based in Washington, included representatives from all 13 countries that had fought against Japan and was established in 1946 to formulate basic principles. The Allied Council for Japan was created in the same year to assist in developing and implementing surrender terms and in administering the country. It consisted of representatives from the USA, the USSR, Nationalist China, and the British Commonwealth. Although both bodies were active at first, they were largely ineffectual due to unwieldy decision-making, disagreements between the national delegations (especially the USA and USSR), and the obstructionism of General Douglas MacArthur. In practice, SCAP, the executive authority of the occupation, effectively ruled Japan from 1945 to 1952. And since it took orders only from the US government, the Occupation became primarily an American affair. The US occupation program, effectively carried out by SCAP, was revolutionary and rested on a two-pronged approach. To ensure Japan would never again become a menace to the United States or to world peace, SCAP pursued disarmament and demilitarization, with continuing control over Japan's capacity to make war. This involved destroying military supplies and installations, demobilizing more than five million Japanese soldiers, and thoroughly discrediting the military establishment. Accordingly, SCAP ordered the purge of tens of thousands of designated persons from public service positions, including accused war criminals, military officers, leaders of ultranationalist societies, leaders in the Imperial Rule Assistance Association, business leaders tied to overseas expansion, governors of former Japanese colonies, and national leaders who had steered Japan into war. In addition, MacArthur's International Military Tribunal for the Far East established a military court in Tokyo. It had jurisdiction over those charged with Class A crimes, top leaders who had planned and directed the war. Also considered were Class B charges, covering conventional war crimes, and Class C charges, covering crimes against humanity. Yet the military court in Tokyo wouldn't be the only one. More than 5,700 lower-ranking personnel were charged with conventional war crimes in separate trials convened by Australia, China, France, the Dutch East Indies, the Philippines, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Of the 5,700 Japanese individuals indicted for Class B war crimes, 984 were sentenced to death; 475 received life sentences; 2,944 were given more limited prison terms; 1,018 were acquitted; and 279 were never brought to trial or not sentenced. Among these, many, like General Ando Rikichi and Lieutenant-General Nomi Toshio, chose to commit suicide before facing prosecution. Notable cases include Lieutenant-General Tani Hisao, who was sentenced to death by the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal for his role in the Nanjing Massacre; Lieutenant-General Sakai Takashi, who was executed in Nanjing for the murder of British and Chinese civilians during the occupation of Hong Kong. General Okamura Yasuji was convicted of war crimes by the Tribunal, yet he was immediately protected by the personal order of Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-Shek, who kept him as a military adviser for the Kuomintang. In the Manila trials, General Yamashita Tomoyuki was sentenced to death as he was in overall command during the Sook Ching massacre, the Rape of Manila, and other atrocities. Lieutenant-General Homma Masaharu was likewise executed in Manila for atrocities committed by troops under his command during the Bataan Death March. General Imamura Hitoshi was sentenced to ten years in prison, but he considered the punishment too light and even had a replica of the prison built in his garden, remaining there until his death in 1968. Lieutenant-General Kanda Masatane received a 14-year sentence for war crimes on Bougainville, though he served only four years. Lieutenant-General Adachi Hatazo was sentenced to life imprisonment for war crimes in New Guinea and subsequently committed suicide on September 10, 1947. Lieutenant-General Teshima Fusataro received three years of forced labour for using a hospital ship to transport troops. Lieutenant-General Baba Masao was sentenced to death for ordering the Sandakan Death Marches, during which over 2,200 Australian and British prisoners of war perished. Lieutenant-General Tanabe Moritake was sentenced to death by a Dutch military tribunal for unspecified war crimes. Rear-Admiral Sakaibara Shigematsu was executed in Guam for ordering the Wake Island massacre, in which 98 American civilians were murdered. Lieutenant-General Inoue Sadae was condemned to death in Guam for permitting subordinates to execute three downed American airmen captured in Palau, though his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in 1951 and he was released in 1953. Lieutenant-General Tachibana Yoshio was sentenced to death in Guam for his role in the Chichijima Incident, in which eight American airmen were cannibalized. By mid-1945, due to the Allied naval blockade, the 25,000 Japanese troops on Chichijima had run low on supplies. However, although the daily rice ration had been reduced from 400 grams per person per day to 240 grams, the troops were not at risk of starvation. In February and March 1945, in what would later be called the Chichijima incident, Tachibana Yoshio's senior staff turned to cannibalism. Nine American airmen had escaped from their planes after being shot down during bombing raids on Chichijima, eight of whom were captured. The ninth, the only one to evade capture, was future US President George H. W. Bush, then a 20-year-old pilot. Over several months, the prisoners were executed, and reportedly by the order of Major Matoba Sueyo, their bodies were butchered by the division's medical orderlies, with the livers and other organs consumed by the senior staff, including Matoba's superior Tachibana. In the Yokohama War Crimes Trials, Lieutenant-Generals Inada Masazumi and Yokoyama Isamu were convicted for their complicity in vivisection and other human medical experiments performed at Kyushu Imperial University on downed Allied airmen. The Tokyo War Crimes Trial, which began in May 1946 and lasted two and a half years, resulted in the execution by hanging of Generals Doihara Kenji and Itagaki Seishiro, and former Prime Ministers Hirota Koki and Tojo Hideki, for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and crimes against peace, specifically for the escalation of the Pacific War and for permitting the inhumane treatment of prisoners of war. Also sentenced to death were Lieutenant-General Muto Akira for his role in the Nanjing and Manila massacres; General Kimura Heitaro for planning the war strategy in China and Southeast Asia and for laxity in preventing atrocities against prisoners of war in Burma; and General Matsui Iwane for his involvement in the Rape of Nanjing. The seven defendants who were sentenced to death were executed at Sugamo Prison in Ikebukuro on December 23, 1948. Sixteen others were sentenced to life imprisonment, including the last Field Marshal Hata Shunroku, Generals Araki Sadao, Minami Hiro, and Umezu Shojiro, Admiral Shimada Shigetaro, former Prime Ministers Hiranuma Kiichiro and Koiso Kuniaki, Marquis Kido Koichi, and Colonel Hashimoto Kingoro, a major instigator of the second Sino-Japanese War. Additionally, former Foreign Ministers Togo Shigenori and Shigemitsu Mamoru received seven- and twenty-year sentences, respectively. The Soviet Union and Chinese Communist forces also held trials of Japanese war criminals, including the Khabarovsk War Crime Trials, which tried and found guilty some members of Japan's bacteriological and chemical warfare unit known as Unit 731. However, those who surrendered to the Americans were never brought to trial, as MacArthur granted immunity to Lieutenant-General Ishii Shiro and all members of the bacteriological research units in exchange for germ-w warfare data derived from human experimentation. If you would like to learn more about what I like to call Japan's Operation Paper clip, whereupon the US grabbed many scientists from Unit 731, check out my exclusive podcast. The SCAP-turn to democratization began with the drafting of a new constitution in 1947, addressing Japan's enduring feudal social structure. In the charter, sovereignty was vested in the people, and the emperor was designated a “symbol of the state and the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people in whom resides sovereign power.” Because the emperor now possessed fewer powers than European constitutional monarchs, some have gone so far as to say that Japan became “a republic in fact if not in name.” Yet the retention of the emperor was, in fact, a compromise that suited both those who wanted to preserve the essence of the nation for stability and those who demanded that the emperor system, though not necessarily the emperor, should be expunged. In line with the democratic spirit of the new constitution, the peerage was abolished and the two-chamber Diet, to which the cabinet was now responsible, became the highest organ of state. The judiciary was made independent and local autonomy was granted in vital areas of jurisdiction such as education and the police. Moreover, the constitution stipulated that “the people shall not be prevented from enjoying any of the fundamental human rights,” that they “shall be respected as individuals,” and that “their right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness shall … be the supreme consideration in legislation.” Its 29 articles guaranteed basic human rights: equality, freedom from discrimination on the basis of race, creed, sex, social status or family origin, freedom of thought and freedom of religion. Finally, in its most controversial section, Article 9, the “peace clause,” Japan “renounce[d] war as a sovereign right of the nation” and vowed not to maintain any military forces and “other war potential.” To instill a thoroughly democratic ethos, reforms touched every facet of society. The dissolution of the zaibatsu decentralised economic power; the 1945 Labour Union Law and the 1946 Labour Relations Act guaranteed workers the right to collective action; the 1947 Labour Standards Law established basic working standards for men and women; and the revised Civil Code of 1948 abolished the patriarchal household and enshrined sexual equality. Reflecting core American principles, SCAP introduced a 6-3-3 schooling system, six years of compulsory elementary education, three years of junior high, and an optional three years of senior high, along with the aim of secular, locally controlled education. More crucially, ideological reform followed: censorship of feudal material in media, revision of textbooks, and prohibition of ideas glorifying war, dying for the emperor, or venerating war heroes. With women enfranchised and young people shaped to counter militarism and ultranationalism, rural Japan was transformed to undermine lingering class divisions. The land reform program provided for the purchase of all land held by absentee landlords, allowed resident landlords and owner-farmers to retain a set amount of land, and required that the remaining land be sold to the government so it could be offered to existing tenants. In 1948, amid the intensifying tensions of the Cold War that would soon culminate in the Korean War, the occupation's focus shifted from demilitarization and democratization toward economic rehabilitation and, ultimately, the remilitarization of Japan, an shift now known as the “Reverse Course.” The country was thus rebuilt as the Pacific region's primary bulwark against the spread of Communism. An Economic Stabilisation Programme was introduced, including a five-year plan to coordinate production and target capital through the Reconstruction Finance Bank. In 1949, the anti-inflationary Dodge Plan was adopted, advocating balanced budgets, fixing the exchange rate at 360 yen to the dollar, and ending broad government intervention. Additionally, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry was formed and supported the formation of conglomerates centered around banks, which encouraged the reemergence of a somewhat weakened set of zaibatsu, including Mitsui and Mitsubishi. By the end of the Occupation era, Japan was on the verge of surpassing its 1934–1936 levels of economic growth. Equally important was Japan's rearmament in alignment with American foreign policy: a National Police Reserve of about 75,000 was created with the outbreak of the Korean War; by 1952 it had expanded to 110,000 and was renamed the Self-Defense Force after the inclusion of an air force. However, the Reverse Course also facilitated the reestablishment of conservative politics and the rollback of gains made by women and the reforms of local autonomy and education. As the Occupation progressed, the Americans permitted greater Japanese initiative, and power gradually shifted from the reformers to the moderates. By 1949, the purge of the right came under review, and many who had been condemned began returning to influence, if not to the Diet, then to behind-the-scenes power. At the same time, Japanese authorities, with MacArthur's support, began purging left-wing activists. In June 1950, for example, the central office of the Japan Communist Party and the editorial board of The Red Flag were purged. The gains made by women also seemed to be reversed. Women were elected to 8% of available seats in the first lower-house election in 1946, but to only 2% in 1952, a trend not reversed until the so-called Madonna Boom of the 1980s. Although the number of women voting continued to rise, female politicisation remained more superficial than might be imagined. Women's employment also appeared little affected by labour legislation: though women formed nearly 40% of the labor force in 1952, they earned only 45% as much as men. Indeed, women's attitudes toward labor were influenced less by the new ethos of fulfilling individual potential than by traditional views of family and workplace responsibilities. In the areas of local autonomy and education, substantial modifications were made to the reforms. Because local authorities lacked sufficient power to tax, they were unable to realise their extensive powers, and, as a result, key responsibilities were transferred back to national jurisdiction. In 1951, for example, 90% of villages and towns placed their police forces under the control of the newly formed National Police Agency. Central control over education was also gradually reasserted; in 1951, the Yoshida government attempted to reintroduce ethics classes, proposed tighter central oversight of textbooks, and recommended abolishing local school board elections. By the end of the decade, all these changes had been implemented. The Soviet occupation of the Kurile Islands and the Habomai Islets was completed with Russian troops fully deployed by September 5. Immediately after the onset of the occupation, amid a climate of insecurity and fear marked by reports of sporadic rape and physical assault and widespread looting by occupying troops, an estimated 4,000 islanders fled to Hokkaido rather than face an uncertain repatriation. As Soviet forces moved in, they seized or destroyed telephone and telegraph installations and halted ship movements into and out of the islands, leaving residents without adequate food and other winter provisions. Yet, unlike Manchuria, where Japanese civilians faced widespread sexual violence and pillage, systematic violence against the civilian population on the Kuriles appears to have been exceptional. A series of military government proclamations assured islanders of safety so long as they did not resist Soviet rule and carried on normally; however, these orders also prohibited activities not explicitly authorized by the Red Army, which imposed many hardships on civilians. Residents endured harsh conditions under Soviet rule until late 1948, when Japanese repatriation out of the Kurils was completed. The Kuriles posed a special diplomatic problem, as the occupation of the southernmost islands—the Northern Territories—ignited a long-standing dispute between Tokyo and Moscow that continues to impede the normalisation of relations today. Although the Kuriles were promised to the Soviet Union in the Yalta agreement, Japan and the United States argued that this did not apply to the Northern Territories, since they were not part of the Kurile Islands. A substantial dispute regarding the status of the Kurile Islands arose between the United States and the Soviet Union during the preparation of the Treaty of San Francisco, which was intended as a permanent peace treaty between Japan and the Allied Powers of World War II. The treaty was ultimately signed by 49 nations in San Francisco on September 8, 1951, and came into force on April 28, 1952. It ended Japan's role as an imperial power, allocated compensation to Allied nations and former prisoners of war who had suffered Japanese war crimes, ended the Allied post-war occupation of Japan, and returned full sovereignty to Japan. Effectively, the document officially renounced Japan's treaty rights derived from the Boxer Protocol of 1901 and its rights to Korea, Formosa and the Pescadores, the Kurile Islands, the Spratly Islands, Antarctica, and South Sakhalin. Japan's South Seas Mandate, namely the Mariana Islands, Marshall Islands, and Caroline Islands, had already been formally revoked by the United Nations on July 18, 1947, making the United States responsible for administration of those islands under a UN trusteeship agreement that established the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. In turn, the Bonin, Volcano, and Ryukyu Islands were progressively restored to Japan between 1953 and 1972, along with the Senkaku Islands, which were disputed by both Communist and Nationalist China. In addition, alongside the Treaty of San Francisco, Japan and the United States signed a Security Treaty that established a long-lasting military alliance between them. Although Japan renounced its rights to the Kuriles, the U.S. State Department later clarified that “the Habomai Islands and Shikotan ... are properly part of Hokkaido and that Japan is entitled to sovereignty over them,” hence why the Soviets refused to sign the treaty. Britain and the United States agreed that territorial rights would not be granted to nations that did not sign the Treaty of San Francisco, and as a result the Kurile Islands were not formally recognized as Soviet territory. A separate peace treaty, the Treaty of Taipei (formally the Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty), was signed in Taipei on April 28, 1952 between Japan and the Kuomintang, and on June 9 of that year the Treaty of Peace Between Japan and India followed. Finally, Japan and the Soviet Union ended their formal state of war with the Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956, though this did not settle the Kurile Islands dispute. Even after these formal steps, Japan as a nation was not in a formal state of war, and many Japanese continued to believe the war was ongoing; those who held out after the surrender came to be known as Japanese holdouts.  Captain Oba Sakae and his medical company participated in the Saipan campaign beginning on July 7, 1944, and took part in what would become the largest banzai charge of the Pacific War. After 15 hours of intense hand-to-hand combat, almost 4,300 Japanese soldiers were dead, and Oba and his men were presumed among them. In reality, however, he survived the battle and gradually assumed command of over a hundred additional soldiers. Only five men from his original unit survived the battle, two of whom died in the following months. Oba then led over 200 Japanese civilians deeper into the jungles to evade capture, organizing them into mountain caves and hidden jungle villages. When the soldiers were not assisting the civilians with survival tasks, Oba and his men continued their battle against the garrison of US Marines. He used the 1,552‑ft Mount Tapochau as their primary base, which offered an unobstructed 360-degree view of the island. From their base camp on the western slope of the mountain, Oba and his men occasionally conducted guerrilla-style raids on American positions. Due to the speed and stealth of these operations, and the Marines' frustrated attempts to find him, the Saipan Marines eventually referred to Oba as “The Fox.” Oba and his men held out on the island for 512 days, or about 16 months. On November 27, 1945, former Major-General Amo Umahachi was able to draw out some of the Japanese in hiding by singing the anthem of the Japanese infantry branch. Amo was then able to present documents from the defunct IGHQ to Oba ordering him and his 46 remaining men to surrender themselves to the Americans. On December 1, the Japanese soldiers gathered on Tapochau and sang a song of departure to the spirits of the war dead; Oba led his people out of the jungle and they presented themselves to the Marines of the 18th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Company. With great formality and commensurate dignity, Oba surrendered his sword to Lieutenant Colonel Howard G. Kirgis, and his men surrendered their arms and colors. On January 2, 1946, 20 Japanese soldiers hiding in a tunnel at Corregidor Island surrendered after learning the war had ended from a newspaper found while collecting water. In that same month, 120 Japanese were routed after a battle in the mountains 150 miles south of Manila. In April, during a seven-week campaign to clear Lubang Island, 41 more Japanese emerged from the jungle, unaware that the war had ended; however, a group of four Japanese continued to resist. In early 1947, Lieutenant Yamaguchi Ei and his band of 33 soldiers renewed fighting with the small Marine garrison on Peleliu, prompting reinforcements under Rear-Admiral Charles Pownall to be brought to the island to hunt down the guerrilla group. Along with them came former Rear-Admiral Sumikawa Michio, who ultimately convinced Yamaguchi to surrender in April after almost three years of guerrilla warfare. Also in April, seven Japanese emerged from Palawan Island and fifteen armed stragglers emerged from Luzon. In January 1948, 200 troops surrendered on Mindanao; and on May 12, the Associated Press reported that two unnamed Japanese soldiers had surrendered to civilian policemen in Guam the day before. On January 6, 1949, two former IJN soldiers, machine gunners Matsudo Rikio and Yamakage Kufuku, were discovered on Iwo Jima and surrendered peacefully. In March 1950, Private Akatsu Yūichi surrendered in the village of Looc, leaving only three Japanese still resisting on Lubang. By 1951 a group of Japanese on Anatahan Island refused to believe that the war was over and resisted every attempt by the Navy to remove them. This group was first discovered in February 1945, when several Chamorros from Saipan were sent to the island to recover the bodies of a Saipan-based B-29. The Chamorros reported that there were about thirty Japanese survivors from three ships sunk in June 1944, one of which was an Okinawan woman. Personal aggravations developed from the close confines of a small group on a small island and from tuba drinking; among the holdouts, 6 of 11 deaths were the result of violence, and one man displayed 13 knife wounds. The presence of only one woman, Higa Kazuko, caused considerable difficulty as she would transfer her affections among at least four men after each of them mysteriously disappeared, purportedly “swallowed by the waves while fishing.” According to the more sensational versions of the Anatahan tale, 11 of the 30 navy sailors stranded on the island died due to violent struggles over her affections. In July 1950, Higa went to the beach when an American vessel appeared offshore and finally asked to be removed from the island. She was taken to Saipan aboard the Miss Susie and, upon arrival, told authorities that the men on the island did not believe the war was over. As the Japanese government showed interest in the situation on Anatahan, the families of the holdouts were contacted in Japan and urged by the Navy to write letters stating that the war was over and that the holdouts should surrender. The letters were dropped by air on June 26 and ultimately convinced the holdouts to give themselves up. Thus, six years after the end of World War II, “Operation Removal” commenced from Saipan under the command of Lt. Commander James B. Johnson, USNR, aboard the Navy Tug USS Cocopa. Johnson and an interpreter went ashore by rubber boat and formally accepted the surrender on the morning of June 30, 1951. The Anatahan femme fatale story later inspired the 1953 Japanese film Anatahan and the 1998 novel Cage on the Sea. In 1953, Murata Susumu, the last holdout on Tinian, was finally captured. The next year, on May 7, Corporal Sumada Shoichi was killed in a clash with Filipino soldiers, leaving only two Japanese still resisting on Lubang. In November 1955, Seaman Kinoshita Noboru was captured in the Luzon jungle but soon after committed suicide rather than “return to Japan in defeat.” That same year, four Japanese airmen surrendered at Hollandia in Dutch New Guinea; and in 1956, nine soldiers were located and sent home from Morotai, while four men surrendered on Mindoro. In May 1960, Sergeant Ito Masashi became one of the last Japanese to surrender at Guam after the capture of his comrade Private Minagawa Bunzo, but the final surrender at Guam would come later with Sergeant Yokoi Shoichi. Sergeant Yokoi Shoichi survived in the jungles of Guam by living for years in an elaborately dug hole, subsisting on snails and lizards, a fate that, while undignified, showcased his ingenuity and resilience and earned him a warm welcome on his return to Japan. His capture was not heroic in the traditional sense: he was found half-starving by a group of villagers while foraging for shrimp in a stream, and the broader context included his awareness as early as 1952 that the war had ended. He explained that the wartime bushido code, emphasizing self-sacrifice or suicide rather than self-preservation, had left him fearing that repatriation would label him a deserter and likely lead to execution. Emerging from the jungle, Yokoi also became a vocal critic of Japan's wartime leadership, including Emperor Hirohito, which fits a view of him as a product of, and a prisoner within, his own education, military training, and the censorship and propaganda of the era. When asked by a young nephew how he survived so long on an island just a short distance from a major American airbase, he replied simply, “I was really good at hide and seek.”  That same year, Private Kozuka Kinshichi was killed in a shootout with Philippine police in October, leaving Lieutenant Onoda Hiroo still resisting on Lubang. Lieutenant Onoda Hiroo had been on Lubang since 1944, a few months before the Americans retook the Philippines. The last instructions he had received from his immediate superior ordered him to retreat to the interior of the island and harass the Allied occupying forces until the IJA eventually returned. Despite efforts by the Philippine Army, letters and newspapers left for him, radio broadcasts, and even a plea from Onoda's brother, he did not believe the war was over. On February 20, 1974, Onoda encountered a young Japanese university dropout named Suzuki Norio, who was traveling the world and had told friends that he planned to “look for Lieutenant Onoda, a panda, and the abominable snowman, in that order.” The two became friends, but Onoda stated that he was waiting for orders from one of his commanders. On March 9, 1974, Onoda went to an agreed-upon place and found a note left by Suzuki. Suzuki had brought along Onoda's former commander, Major Taniguchi, who delivered the oral orders for Onoda to surrender. Intelligence Officer 2nd Lt. Onoda Hiroo thus emerged from Lubang's jungle with his .25 caliber rifle, 500 rounds of ammunition, and several hand grenades. He surrendered 29 years after Japan's formal surrender, and 15 years after being declared legally dead in Japan. When he accepted that the war was over, he wept openly. He received a hero's welcome upon his return to Japan in 1974. The Japanese government offered him a large sum of money in back pay, which he refused. When money was pressed on him by well-wishers, he donated it to Yasukuni Shrine. Onoda was reportedly unhappy with the attention and what he saw as the withering of traditional Japanese values. He wrote No Surrender: My Thirty-Year War, a best-selling autobiography published in 1974. Yet the last Japanese to surrender would be Private Nakamura Teruo, an Amis aborigine from Formosa and a member of the Takasago Volunteers. Private Nakamura Teruo spent the tail end of World War II with a dwindling band on Morotai, repeatedly dispersing and reassembling in the jungle as they hunted for food. The group suffered continuous losses to starvation and disease, and survivors described Nakamura as highly self-sufficient. He left to live alone somewhere in the Morotai highlands between 1946 and 1947, rejoined the main group in 1950, and then disappeared again a few years later. Nakamura hinted in print that he fled into the jungle because he feared the other holdouts might murder him. He survives for decades beyond the war, eventually being found by 11 Indonesian soldiers. The emergence of an indigenous Taiwanese soldier among the search party embarrassed Japan as it sought to move past its imperial past. Many Japanese felt Nakamura deserved compensation for decades of loyalty, only to learn that his back pay for three decades of service amounted to 68,000 yen.   Nakamura's experience of peace was complex. When a journalist asked how he felt about “wasting” three decades of his life on Morotai, he replied that the years had not been wasted; he had been serving his country. Yet the country he returned to was Taiwan, and upon disembarking in Taipei in early January 1975, he learned that his wife had a son he had never met and that she had remarried a decade after his official death. Nakamura eventually lived with a daughter, and his story concluded with a bittersweet note when his wife reconsidered and reconciled with him. Several Japanese soldiers joined local Communist and insurgent groups after the war to avoid surrender. Notably, in 1956 and 1958, two soldiers returned to Japan after service in China's People's Liberation Army. Two others who defected with a larger group to the Malayan Communist Party around 1945 laid down their arms in 1989 and repatriated the next year, becoming among the last to return home. That is all for today, but fear not I will provide a few more goodies over the next few weeks. I will be releasing some of my exclusive podcast episodes from my youtube membership and patreon that are about pacific war subjects. Like I promised the first one will be on why Emperor Hirohito surrendered. Until then if you need your fix you know where to find me: eastern front week by week, fall and rise of china, echoes of war or on my Youtube membership of patreon at www.patreon.com/pacificwarchannel.

Lane Kawaoka's Wealth Elevator: Legacy Building Through Real Estate & Businesses - #249 In this episode of the Real Estate Reserve Podcast, Jason and Ian sit down with Lane Kawaoka, a Hawaii-based real estate investor, author of The Wealth Elevator, and operator with 10,000+ rental units and over $2B in acquisitions. Lane shares his full journey from being an engineer buying single-family rentals to building large multifamily portfolios, syndications, and now expanding into business acquisitions. We cover: Raising Capital vs. Finding Deals – why both are difficult, and how Lane fought to earn investor trust early on Building Broker Relationships – how to get taken seriously when you're starting out and why brokers control deal flow Scaling from Class C to Class A – lessons learned from tough properties with high economic vacancy and how Lane shifted to better assets The Current Market – Lane's perspective on interest rates, Fed policy, and why he thinks the market bottom may already be behind us Beyond Real Estate – why more investors are diversifying into businesses and other alternative assets for higher cash flow and flexibility The Wealth Elevator Framework – the stages of wealth building, from your first rental to financial freedom, and when to shift strategies at key net worth milestones This is a masterclass in real estate investing, wealth building, and mindset from someone actively operating today — not just teaching theory.

Join host Rob Reider for episode 112 of I Learned About Flying From That with John Price, who, nearly 40 years ago, embarked on his first solo flight into Class C airspace as a student pilot. This cross-country journey became an indelible experience, despite challenging conditions like clouds, an unfamiliar airport, and situational confusion. Though family finances prevented John from earning his private pilot's license, his story is packed with invaluable 'back to the basics' lessons for all aviators. Discover how a moment of "right pavement, wrong direction" shaped his understanding of flight, proving that some lessons are learned best through experience. This episode is brought to you by Avemco Insurance.

Morgan Keim spent a decade launching food tech startups and raising $400M, only to realize that income without ownership was not true freedom. What began in 2014 as a quiet hedge against startup volatility grew into a full-time mission as he placed over 50 LP checks and then led two dozen contrarian acquisitions across the Midwest and Sunbelt. With 105 percent net investor returns across seven exits, he has transformed overlooked Class C properties into safe communities and stable cash flow. Today, as Managing Partner of Ocean Ridge Capital, Morgan helps founders and operators trade burnout for lasting wealth while tackling America's housing crisis.   Here's some of the topics we covered:   Breaking Free From Limiting Beliefs And Owning Your Path From Digital Marketing Hustle To Real Estate Empire Builder The Cash For Keys Strategy That Changes The Game The Hidden Struggles Of Affordable Housing No One Talks About Inside Morgan's Playbook For Managing A Full Rehab The Must-Know Advice Every New Real Estate Investor Needs How Morgan Builds Power Teams That Actually Deliver The Two Asset Classes Morgan Can't Stop Investing In Unlocking Your True Strengths And Leveraging Them For Success The Silver Tsunami That Will Disrupt Senior Housing Over The Next Decade   To find out more about partnering or investing in a multifamily deal: Text Partner to 72345 or email Partner@RodKhleif.com    For more about Rod and his real estate investing journey go to www.rodkhleif.com   Please Review and Subscribe  

In this episode of the Real Estate Pros podcast, host Q Edmonds interviews Rachel Cohen, a general partner in the multifamily real estate sector. Rachel shares her inspiring journey from overcoming physical challenges to building a successful real estate career. She discusses her focus on upgrading Class C properties in growing markets, the importance of networking and trust in real estate, and her commitment to giving back to the community. Rachel emphasizes the need for personal growth and resilience in both life and business, and her goal to empower women in the industry.   Professional Real Estate Investors - How we can help you: Investor Fuel Mastermind:  Learn more about the Investor Fuel Mastermind, including 100% deal financing, massive discounts from vendors and sponsors you're already using, our world class community of over 150 members, and SO much more here: http://www.investorfuel.com/apply   Investor Machine Marketing Partnership:  Are you looking for consistent, high quality lead generation? Investor Machine is America's #1 lead generation service professional investors. Investor Machine provides true ‘white glove' support to help you build the perfect marketing plan, then we'll execute it for you…talking and working together on an ongoing basis to help you hit YOUR goals! Learn more here: http://www.investormachine.com   Coaching with Mike Hambright:  Interested in 1 on 1 coaching with Mike Hambright? Mike coaches entrepreneurs looking to level up, build coaching or service based businesses (Mike runs multiple 7 and 8 figure a year businesses), building a coaching program and more. Learn more here: https://investorfuel.com/coachingwithmike   Attend a Vacation/Mastermind Retreat with Mike Hambright: Interested in joining a “mini-mastermind” with Mike and his private clients on an upcoming “Retreat”, either at locations like Cabo San Lucas, Napa, Park City ski trip, Yellowstone, or even at Mike's East Texas “Big H Ranch”? Learn more here: http://www.investorfuel.com/retreat   Property Insurance: Join the largest and most investor friendly property insurance provider in 2 minutes. Free to join, and insure all your flips and rentals within minutes! There is NO easier insurance provider on the planet (turn insurance on or off in 1 minute without talking to anyone!), and there's no 15-30% agent mark up through this platform!  Register here: https://myinvestorinsurance.com/   New Real Estate Investors - How we can work together: Investor Fuel Club (Coaching and Deal Partner Community): Looking to kickstart your real estate investing career? Join our one of a kind Coaching Community, Investor Fuel Club, where you'll get trained by some of the best real estate investors in America, and partner with them on deals! You don't need $ for deals…we'll partner with you and hold your hand along the way! Learn More here: http://www.investorfuel.com/club   —--------------------

In this solo episode, Todd breaks down how history repeats itself in the real estate market — and why Class C properties are getting hit harder than Class A and B in today's environment. Todd discusses why C-class rents are declining faster, property values are softening, and growth is slowing compared to their higher-class counterparts. He explains why tenants don't “move down” from A-class to B-class, and what that means for your investing strategy. Wrapping up, Todd shares why investing in your own backyard can give you a major advantage — but only if you do your due diligence with the same rigor you'd apply to an out-of-state deal. Welcome to Pillars of Wealth Creation, where we talk about building financial freedom with a special focus on business and Real Estate. Follow along as Todd Dexheimer interviews top entrepreneurs, investors, advisers, and coaches. YouTube: www.youtube.com/c/PillarsOfWealthCreation Interested in coaching? Schedule a call with Todd at www.coachwithdex.com Listen to the audio version on your favorite podcast host: SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/user-650270376 Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/.../pillars-of.../id1296372835... Google Podcasts: https://podcasts.google.com/.../aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zb3VuZ... iHeart Radio: https://www.iheart.com/.../pillars-of-wealth-creation.../ CastBox: https://castbox.fm/.../Pillars-Of-Wealth-Creation... Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0FmGSJe9fzSOhQiFROc2O0 Pandora: https://pandora.app.link/YUP21NxF3kb Amazon/Audible: https://music.amazon.com/.../f6cf3e11-3ffa-450b-ac8c...

Episode 387 Show Notes Topic of the show: Staying On Your Toes, Sponsored by Patron DF On this week's show, RH and AG discuss staying current and expanding your horizons in aviation.  How do you gain proficiency and confidence?  Why is this so important in your aviation story?   We also discuss a popular EFB routing issue, base entry reporting, and more of your awesome aviation questions.  This week's show is packed with aviation gold!  Enjoy! Links: https://asrs.arc.nasa.gov/publications/callback.html Timely Feedback: 1. Patron 1dullgeek responds to EFB routing issues 2. The CA has words for RH 3. Army IP DS shows us what a view through the HUD looks like 4. Anonymous from ForeFlight explains the EFB error issue 5. Anonymous from ForeFlight also explains the issue 6. Patron SD sent audio on pronunciation of French chain restaurants in the UK   Feedback 1. Patron SLS asks an IFR routing question 2. Patron ES asks about pattern entry instructions 3. Patron DS shares a Class C story 4. Patron TGS, MD talks “Callback” and penguin consumption for survival Have a great week and thanks for listening!  Visit our website at OpposingBases.com You can support our show using Patreon or visiting our support page on the website.  Keep the feedback coming, it drives the show! Don't be shy, use the “Send Audio to AG and RH” button on the website and record an audio message. Or you can send us comments or questions to feedback@opposingbases.com.  Music bumpers by audionautix.com.  Third party audio provided by liveatc.net.  Legal Notice The views and opinions expressed on Opposing Bases Air Traffic Talk are for entertainment purposes only and do not represent the views, opinions, or official positions of the FAA, Penguin Airlines, or the United States Army.  Episodes shall not be recorded or transcribed without express written consent. For official guidance on laws, rules, and regulations, consult an aviation attorney or certified flight instructor. 

On this episode of the Best Ever CRE Show, Joe Fairless interviews Dusty Eddy, founder of Eddie Capital Group. Dusty shares insights from his 20+ year real estate career, which began in institutional retail and development before shifting to multifamily. He discusses the founding of his own firm after a decade at 29th Street Capital, his nuanced understanding of markets like Phoenix and Las Vegas, and the importance of boots-on-the-ground intel. Dusty also details the challenges and strategies behind value-add repositioning in rough Class C neighborhoods and reflects on lessons learned from his one underperforming deal. Dusty Eddy Current Role: Founder & Managing Principal, Eddie Capital Group Based in: Scottsdale, Arizona Say hi to them at:  https://eddycapgrp.com/  Get a 4-week trial, free postage, and a digital scale at ⁠https://www.stamps.com/cre⁠. Thanks to Stamps.com for sponsoring the show! Post your job for free at https://www.linkedin.com/BRE. Terms and conditions apply. Try Huel with 15% OFF + Free Gift for New Customers today using my code bestever at https://huel.com/bestever. Fuel your best performance with Huel today! Join the Best Ever Community  The Best Ever Community is live and growing - and we want serious commercial real estate investors like you inside. It's free to join, but you must apply and meet the criteria.  Connect with top operators, LPs, GPs, and more, get real insights, and be part of a curated network built to help you grow. Apply now at ⁠www.bestevercommunity.com⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices