Podcasts about metabolic mind

Could metabolic therapies become part of the future of cancer care?That question sits at the center of Dr. Bret Scher's conversation with neurologist and researcher Dr. Matthew Phillips, whose recent study explored a metabolic approach in people with glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive forms of brain cancer.Rather than relying on a single intervention, the study combined a ketogenic diet, intermittent fasting, and repeated five-day fasts alongside standard chemotherapy and radiation. Together, these strategies were designed to lower the Glucose Ketone Index, or GKI, by reducing glucose and increasing ketones.In this conversation, they explore:Why cancer cell metabolism is becoming an important area of researchHow glucose, ketones, and mitochondrial function may influence cancer growthWhy the GKI was a central target in the studyHow fasting and ketogenic therapy were integrated with standard cancer treatmentThe difference between intentional weight loss and cancer cachexiaWhy quality of life deserves as much attention as survivalWhat the study's long-term survivors may teach researchersWhy larger randomized trials are still neededParticipants following the metabolic protocol achieved an average GKI of 1.88, and every participant completed all eight five-day fasts. The metabolic therapy group also had a median survival of 21 months compared with 14 months in the control group, along with a higher rate of survival beyond three years.These results offer a compelling reason to keep studying this approach, particularly in a cancer with such limited treatment options and a difficult prognosis. Since the trial was small and nonrandomized, it can't provide definitive answers, but it does give researchers a strong foundation to build on.

Can a ketogenic diet help improve mood and reduce depressive symptoms?A new meta-analysis published in JAMA Psychiatry examined 50 different keto studies, totaling over 40,000 participants, that included depression and anxiety outcomes. The results of the review demonstrated a modest improvement in depression symptoms across different populations and diagnoses in both controlled and real-world scenarios, and greater symptom improvement was observed in trials that included ketone monitoring. Improvements in anxiety were also observed in most studies, but with less consistency than depressive symptoms.While many of these studies weren't originally designed to treat depression or anxiety, the consistent improvements associated with verified ketosis as well as the larger effect seen in “very low carbohydrate” diets compared to just “low carbohydrate” diets, tell us that ketogenic therapy for depression warrants further investigation. And when we combine the findings with the results of another recent additional study on keto for depression (not included in the analysis), we can't help but wonder how many people could benefit from ketogenic therapy.In this video, Dr. Bret Scher breaks down:What the JAMA Psychiatry paper actually reviewedHow ketosis may support mood and brain functionKey findings from both randomized and non-randomized trialsHow measuring ketosis was associated with better depression improvementsSafety considerations and medication interactions to watch forThis JAMA review highlights growing scientific interest in ketogenic therapy for serious mental illness, driven by early scientific evidence and thousands of individuals worldwide reporting significant improvements in mental health with ketogenic therapy.Looking for more information on ketogenic therapy for depression? Sign up for our newsletter to be the first to be notified when our brand-new Keto for Depression Resource Hub is available!https://www.metabolicmind.org/about-us/newsletter/Expert Featured:Dr. Bret ScherMedical Director, Metabolic Mind and Baszucki Grouphttps://x.com/bschermdResources Mentioned:Ketogenic Diets and Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysishttps://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.3261Blog: A Ketogenic Diet was Associated with improvements in Depression in College Studentshttps://www.metabolicmind.org/resources/news-views/blog/perspectives-in-metabolic-psychiatry/new-research-a-ketogenic-diet-improved-depression-in-college-students/Edinburgh Trial Showing Improvements in Depression Symptoms in Patients Living with Bipolar Disorderhttps://www.metabolicmind.org/trials/featured-post/first-european-trial-shows-promise-of-keto-as-a-new-treatment-for-bipolar/Stanford Study Shows Keto Improves Symptoms of Serious Mental Illnesshttps://www.metabolicmind.org/trials/featured/stanford-study-shows-promise-of-keto/Free CME Clinician Trainings:Are you a clinician who would like to learn more about the science behind these therapies and how to implement them in practice? Earn CME with our growing library of courses from some of the top experts in the field including Dr. Chris Palmer, Dr. Georgia Ede, Dr. Matthew Bernstein and Dr. Bret Scher with more coming soon.Our courses have been made FREE by grants from Baszucki Group, so we can spread these powerful therapies as widely as possible. Earn CME/CNE credits: https://www.metabolicmind.org/for-clinicians/trainings-courses/?utm_medium=organic-social&utm_source=youtube&utm_campaign=cme-ytFollow our channel for more information and education from Bret Scher, MD, FACC, including interviews with leading experts in Metabolic Psychiatry.Learn more about metabolic psychiatry and find helpful resources at https://metabolicmind.org/About us:Metabolic Mind is a non-profit initiative of Baszucki Group working to transform the study and treatment of mental disorders by exploring the connection between metabolism and brain health. We leverage the science of metabolic psychiatry and personal stories to offer education, community, and hope to people struggling with mental health challenges and those who care for them.Our channel is for informational purposes only. We are not providing individual or group medical or healthcare advice nor establishing a provider-patient relationship. Many of the interventions we discuss can have dramatic or potentially dangerous effects if done without proper supervision. Consult your healthcare provider before changing your lifestyle or medications.

Do GLP-1 medications like Ozempic reduce physical activity? Preliminary research suggests they might, raising important questions about how exercise should be supported alongside treatment.GLP-1 medications are helping many people achieve meaningful weight loss and metabolic improvements. At the same time, findings presented at the Endocrine Society's annual meeting showed declines in daily steps and moderate-to-vigorous activity after treatment began. In this video, Dr. Bret Scher examines those results, explores why activity levels may fall, and explains how similar concerns can arise with medications such as statins and antipsychotics.He covers:What the study found about physical activityWhy side effects and rapid weight loss may reduce movementHow muscle loss can affect long-term metabolic healthWhy resistance training and protein intake matterHow clinicians can provide more structured exercise supportThese findings highlight the importance of pairing GLP-1 medications with proactive support for physical activity and muscle preservation. More broadly, they suggest that when a treatment can affect appetite, energy, or body composition, those effects should be monitored and addressed as part of ongoing care.

Could a ketogenic diet and low-dose GLP-1 medications work better together? A new case series suggests they might, while highlighting a more personalized approach to metabolic health.GLP-1 medications have transformed obesity treatment, but they aren't the only tool available. In this interview, Dr. Bret Scher speaks with physician assistant Bill Jensen about a newly published case series exploring the combination of a ketogenic diet and low-dose semaglutide. Together, they discuss how this approach may help preserve lean mass, improve insulin resistance, reduce side effects, and empower patients to take an active role in their health.In this video:Why low-dose GLP-1s may complement a ketogenic dietThe importance of preserving muscle during weight lossWhich patients may benefit most from this approachWhy this case series is hypothesis-generating, not definitiveHow lifestyle and medication can work together to improve metabolic healthThis conversation examines how a more personalized approach to care could improve long-term health outcomes. Rather than asking whether medication or lifestyle is "better," it explores how combining the right tools for the right person may help improve body composition, support metabolic health, and empower patients to play an active role in their care.

What does it take to truly understand and assess cardiovascular risk in modern medicine?Dr. Bret Scher joins Dr. Ford Brewer at the Collaborative Science (CoSci) conference to discuss the recent screening of The Cholesterol Code documentary and the bigger picture of metabolic health, cardiac imaging, and the future of risk assessment.In this conversation, you'll learn:Dr. Ford Brewer's reaction to The Cholesterol Code documentary and what stood out mostWhy metabolism, not just plumbing, drives cardiovascular diseaseHow CT angiogram with AI analysis is becoming the gold standard in cardiac imagingWhat CIMT (Carotid Intima-Media Thickness) measures and where it fits in evaluating riskWhy calcium scores can miss important soft plaqueWhat to look for when seeking a high-quality CIMT scanDr. Brewer's personal story of being diagnosed with manic depression in medical school and how lifestyle and metabolic changes shaped his journeyWhy GLP-1 medications, when used responsibly, can be a useful tool rather than a stand-alone solutionHow the overuse of statins and GLP-1s reflects broader issues in modern medicineThis discussion captures the value of bringing nuanced, individualized thinking into the conversation around cardiovascular risk, metabolic health, and mental wellness.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that can often be put into remission. So why do so many people still struggle to get better?In this discussion, Dr. Bret Scher explores how the environments we create, from our food system to our healthcare system, shape metabolic health in ways that are often overlooked.Using a thought experiment as a starting point, he examines why remission is possible for many people with type 2 diabetes, why that shouldn't be confused with 100% personal responsibility, and what needs to change if we want to improve outcomes at scale.He covers:Why type 2 diabetes remission is possible for many peopleHow ketogenic nutrition and other metabolic therapies can improve insulin resistanceWhy type 1 and type 2 diabetes require fundamentally different approachesHow modern food environments contribute to metabolic dysfunctionThe limitations of decades of conventional nutrition adviceWhy clinician education and public policy matter for metabolic healthHow shifting the conversation from blame to biology can improve patient careGrowing evidence continues to show that metabolic health can be improved through nutrition and lifestyle interventions when people have the right support. Building healthcare systems and food environments that reflect that science could help more people achieve better long-term health.

Dr. Bret Scher began his career practicing conventional cardiology, following the same guidelines taught in medical training. Today, he is Medical Director at Metabolic Mind, as well as The Coalition for Metabolic Health, and one of the leading voices advancing metabolic health, ketogenic therapy, and metabolic psychiatry.What changed?In this special episode, Metabolic Mind producer Erica Gerard turns the tables and interviews Dr. Scher about the experiences, patients, and pivotal moments that challenged his thinking and reshaped his approach to medicine.In this conversation, you'll learn:How a conventionally trained cardiologist became known as the "low-carb cardiologist"The patients who changed the way he thought about nutrition and metabolic healthWhy he believes medicine should treat individuals, not just follow guidelinesWhat drew him from cardiovascular medicine into the emerging field of metabolic psychiatryHow interviewing researchers, clinicians, and patients has influenced his perspective on evidence and clinical careHis hopes for the future of metabolic health and what it could mean for medicineAlong the way, Dr. Scher shares personal stories from his childhood, medical training, career, and family life, offering a rare look at his curiosity, humility, and willingness to challenge his own assumptions that continue to shape his work today.Whether you've followed Dr. Scher's work for years or meeting him for the first time, this conversation offers insight into the journey behind one of the most trusted voices in metabolic medicine.

What questions matter most to people living with serious mental illness when it comes to metabolic interventions?Dr. Dina Farran and Dr. Toby Pillinger from King's College London set out to answer exactly that through a Priority Setting Partnership, an extensive collaborative process bringing together people with lived experience, family members, caregivers, clinicians, and researchers to identify the top research priorities in metabolic psychiatry.Their findings reveal a powerful shift in how patients and clinicians think about mental illness, and what the future of treatment may look like.In this conversation, you'll learn:What a Priority Setting Partnership is and why it matters for psychiatric researchHow over 450 participants and 1,400 submissions were narrowed down to a top 10 listWhy 8 of the top 10 priorities focused on mental health outcomes, not just physical healthWhy ketogenic diets ranked as the number one research priorityHow GLP-1 medications, exercise, gut health, and nutrient deficiencies entered the conversationWhy patients and caregivers may have a more integrated view of mental illness than the research fieldWhat this roadmap means for the future of metabolic psychiatry research and careThis interview captures a meaningful turning point in how the field of metabolic psychiatry is beginning to align with what truly matters to the people it serves.Interested in learning more about metabolic psychiatry? Check out our blog: What is Metabolic Psychiatry?

A recent study made headlines for claiming a ketogenic diet may worsen fatty liver disease and raise triglycerides. But when you take a closer look at the research, it's clear that the conclusions are far less supported than the coverage suggests.To clear things up, Dr. Bret Scher breaks down what the study actually found, where the methodology falls short, and what the broader body of research has to say about ketogenic therapy and liver health.In this discussion, you'll learn:What the study examined and how the data was collectedWhy the lack of ketone measurement makes it impossible to confirm anyone was actually in ketosisHow reverse causality may explain the findings entirelyWhat baseline differences in BMI and adiposity reveal about the study populationWhy cross-sectional observational studies sit lower on the evidence hierarchy than RCTsWhat a meta-analysis of 62 randomized controlled trials shows about ketogenic diets and triglyceridesWhat a 12-week supervised intervention revealed about ketogenic therapy and fatty liver reductionWhy higher-quality controlled trial evidence should take precedence over headline-grabbing observational studiesFor clinicians, researchers, and anyone navigating conflicting headlines about ketogenic therapy, this conversation is a reminder that the quality of evidence matters as much as the findings themselves.

Is a plant-based diet the best for supporting metabolic health? Cardiologist Dr. Jaimela Dulaney spent years practicing plant-based nutrition before her own experience with insulin resistance, blood sugar swings, and endurance running led her to rethink what personalized nutrition can look like.In this episode, Dr. Bret Scher speaks with Dr. Dulaney about what changed her perspective, both personally and professionally.They cover:How CGMs helped reveal unexpected blood sugar patternsWhy insulin resistance can show up even in active, normal-weight individualsHow Dr. Dulaney thinks about LDL cholesterol in the context of metabolic healthWhy low-carb and ketogenic diets may help some people improve energy, recovery, and blood sugar stabilityWhy there may not be one “best diet” for every patientThis conversation highlights the importance of listening to patients, tracking meaningful lab trends, and staying open to new evidence when personal experience and clinical outcomes begin to tell a different story.

Send us Fan MailEddie Rodriguez is a returning guest on our show! Check out his first appearance on episode 955 of Boundless Body Radio!Eddie Rodriguez is the founder and host of BrainHeal(th), an educational YouTube channel dedicated to sharing what he and his family have learned and are learning in caregiving for his father, diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's disease.Eddie is an advocate for metabolic neurology, metabolic psychiatry, and cognitive health strategies, like the Bredesen Protocol, for the prevention and treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. With extensive experience in commercial financing, corporate- and sales-process consulting, and leadership development, he combines his professional expertise with a passion for transforming how mental and neurological conditions are framed and treated going forward.He is also the Board President of Metabolic Collective, a new 501(c)(3) whose mission is to accelerate the real-world adoption of metabolic therapies (especially ketogenic protocols) for serious mental illness and neurological disorders by building a global, peer-led grassroots movement.Find Eddie at-YT- @BrainHeal_th_https://metaboliccollective.org/Find Boundless Body at-myboundlessbody.comBook a session with us here! 

Metabolic health may be the foundation of a healthy brain, and a growing community of researchers, clinicians, and educators is working to bring that message into mainstream medicine.In this interview, Dr. Bret Scher talks with Dr. Dom D'Agostino at the Citizen Science Initiative (CoSci) conference to discuss everything from the recent screening of The Cholesterol Code documentary to the rise of N-of-1 research, the future of metabolic psychiatry, and the urgent need for nutrition education in medical schools.In this conversation, you'll learn:Dr. D'Agostino's reaction to The Cholesterol Code documentary and what stood out mostHow N-of-1 citizen science is reshaping the way we think about metabolic healthWhy metabolic health may be a stronger predictor of cardiovascular outcomes than LDL aloneHow nutrition education made its way into the USF College of Medicine curriculumWhat the latest research is revealing about ketogenic metabolic therapy and cancer, brain health, and immune functionWhy metabolic psychiatry is one of the most exciting emerging fields in medicineHow exogenous ketones and ketogenic diets fit into clinical practice and ongoing researchThis discussion offers a thoughtful look at where metabolic medicine is headed and why prioritizing whole-body health is becoming central to supporting the brain.

New results from first-of-its-kind randomized controlled trial on a ketogenic diet for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis offer important insights into metabolic psychiatry and mental health treatment.In this interview, Dr. Bret Scher sits down with Dr. Julie Milder to walk through the study results, recently published in Schizophrenia Bulletin. As the first RCT in psychosis-spectrum conditions to publish in the peer-reviewed literature, it's an important step toward understanding how metabolic interventions may play a role in serious mental illness.Key insights from the study:In the 1-month randomized portion of the trial, the ketogenic group showed significant improvements in metabolic health markers compared to diet-as-usualPsychiatric symptoms trended toward improvement, but were not statistically significant at 1 monthParticipants who opted into the ketogenic extension part of the study (4 total months of keto), saw improvements in depression, cognition, and positive and negative symptoms.In this video, Dr. Milder also breaks down important additional context about the limitations of the study, including the length of the randomized portion of the trial and the variance in dietary support between the two diet groups.This study adds to growing evidence linking metabolic health and psychiatric conditions and explores whether ketogenic therapy may play a role in addressing underlying mechanisms.

New evidence from the first-ever RCT shows ketogenic therapy can rapidly improve metabolic health in schizophrenia-spectrum and bipolar I disorders, and shows early signals of psychiatric improvement.In this video, Dr. Bret Scher breaks down this newly published study led by Dr. Judith Ford at UCSF: the first randomized controlled trial with peer-reviewed results investigating ketogenic therapy in people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and bipolar-1 disorder with psychotic features.You'll learn:How the study was designed (a 1-month randomized phase plus an optional 3-4 month single-arm extension)What happened in the first 30 days (clear improvements in metabolic markers; psychiatric outcomes showed trends that did not reach statistical significance in the randomized portion)What improved over longer follow-up in the extension phase (encouraging changes in metabolic health, cognition, and psychiatric measures)Why this matters for patients and families today, and what future, longer controlled trials need to confirmPublished in Schizophrenia Bulletin and funded by the NIMH and Baszucki Group, this study adds to the growing literature on the potential benefit of ketogenic therapy for psychiatric disorders.These results indicate the need for larger, extended randomized controlled trials to test the safety and efficacy of ketogenic therapy in patients living with serious mental illness.

Why are seed oils suddenly everywhere in nutrition debates? What is anhedonia? Is the dawn phenomenon something to worry about? And how can you tell the difference between nutritional ketosis and ketoacidosis?In this Metabolic Mailbag episode, Dr. Bret Scher and producer Erica Gerard answer some of the most common questions from our community about ketogenic therapy, mental health, metabolism, and nutrition science.Topics discussed include:Why seed oils have become such a controversial topic and what the evidence actually showsWhether seed oils deserve their negative reputationWhat anhedonia is and why it can be one of the most challenging symptoms in mental health conditions like depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophreniaEmerging research on ketogenic therapy and improvements in anhedoniaWhy debates between plant-based and ketogenic diets often miss the bigger pictureThe limitations of observational nutrition researchWhy there may not be one “best” diet for everyoneWhat the dawn phenomenon is and why it may mean different things for people eating high-carb versus ketogenic dietsThe difference between nutritional ketosis and diabetic ketoacidosisWhether there is a specific “therapeutic” ketone level for brain health and mental health interventionsThroughout the conversation, Dr. Scher emphasizes an important theme: context matters. The same biomarker, food, or dietary approach can have very different implications depending on an individual's health status, goals, and metabolic health.Whether you're exploring ketogenic therapy for mental health, trying to better understand ketone levels, or simply looking for evidence-based answers to common nutrition questions, this episode offers practical insights and helpful nuance.

A newly published study called NATURE-CT is generating significant attention in the cardiovascular and ketogenic communities, but some of the conclusions being drawn online don't hold up to scientific scrutiny. Dr. Bret Scher walks through what the study actually shows, what it doesn't, and why comparisons being made to ketogenic therapy are scientifically misleading.In this discussion, you'll learn:What the NATURE-CT study examined and what its findings mean for coronary plaque progressionWhy the average LDL of 111 mg/dL still showed substantial plaque progressionWhat this data may suggest about looking beyond LDL as the sole driver of coronary diseaseWhy comparisons being made between NATURE-CT and KETO-CTA are scientifically flawedWhy the original KETO-CTA manuscript was retracted and what that means for current claimsHow baseline coronary artery calcium scores influence valid scientific comparisonsWhy findings in lean mass hyper-responders cannot be extrapolated to all forms of ketogenic therapyHow metabolic health, not just LDL, may be a critical factor in understanding cardiovascular riskThis conversation underscores the importance of evaluating studies on their actual design and findings, rather than the conclusions being layered on top of them. For clinicians, researchers, and anyone navigating the cardiovascular and ketogenic conversation, the precision of the science matters.

What should you eat on keto? A ketogenic diet shifts your body from burning carbs to burning fat and ketones, and it can be a powerful tool for supporting metabolic health as well as mental health. But knowing what to eat, what to avoid, and how to get started makes all the difference.Here, Dr. Bret Scher walks you through the essentials:The best proteins, fats, and low-carb vegetables for ketoFoods that can kick you out of ketosisA full sample day of meals with net carb countsSmart snack options and lifestyle factors that affect ketosisWhether you're new to a ketogenic diet or exploring it as part of a broader ketogenic therapy plan, the right foundation can make a significant difference in outcomes.Want to dive deeper into the specifics of a high-quality ketogenic diet? Check out our blog to learn more: Understanding the Well-Formulated Ketogenic Diet

David Baszucki - founder and CEO of Roblox - sits down with his son Matthew for the first time on a podcast together. They walk through Matthew's five-year journey with severe, treatment-resistant bipolar I disorder: the first manic episode in 2016, multiple hospitalisations, the dozens of medications, the 2017 incident in Los Angeles when David flew down on a rescue mission to find Matt homeless on the streets, and the discovery by Matthew's mother Jan of ketogenic therapy that sent Matt's symptoms into remission. David and Matthew talk about how their family journey led to the establishment of the rapidly growing field of metabolic psychiatry their family now funds, and the daily metabolic practices both father and son use today.

The Cholesterol Code documentary is challenging long-held assumptions about LDL cholesterol, ketogenic diets, and what really matters for cardiovascular risk.In this interview, Dr. Bret Scher sits down with Dr. Eric Westman, internist and low-carb researcher, to discuss the film's impact and what it could mean for the future of clinical practice.From Dave Feldman's citizen science journey to the growing body of evidence on type 2 diabetes reversal, this discussion explores why the conversation around cholesterol is finally starting to shift.You'll learn:What stood out most about The Cholesterol Code documentaryWhy elevated LDL on a ketogenic diet may not carry the risk many assumeHow citizen science is reshaping nutrition and metabolic health researchWhy type 2 diabetes reversal deserves far more clinical attention than it getsHow GLP-1 medications and lifestyle interventions can work together responsiblyWhy the future of medicine depends on diet-focused research, not just drug trialsFor physicians, patients, and anyone interested in metabolic health, this conversation captures a pivotal moment in how the medical community is beginning to rethink cardiovascular risk, ketogenic therapy, and the power of lifestyle change.

Can ketogenic therapy help atrial fibrillation? What should you make of the KETO-CTA study? And do higher ketones always mean better results?In this Metabolic Mailbag episode, Dr. Bret Scher answers audience questions about cardiovascular health, ketosis, ketone levels, and how to personalize a ketogenic approach based on your goals and metabolic health. From AFib concerns to cholesterol controversies and troubleshooting low ketone readings, this episode tackles some of the most common questions in the keto community.In this episode, we cover:Ketogenic therapy and atrial fibrillation (AFib)The latest update on the KETO-CTA studyLDL cholesterol, plaque, and cardiovascular riskWhy ketone levels don't tell the whole storyRaising ketones without sacrificing energy or muscleCarbohydrate intake and metabolic flexibilityFasting, protein, and thyroid considerationsMCT oil, exogenous ketones, and other strategies to increase ketosisOne of the biggest takeaways: context matters. Whether you're evaluating cholesterol, ketone levels, or cardiovascular risk, there is rarely a one-size-fits-all answer. Understanding your goals, metabolic health, and individual response is often more important than chasing a specific number.

Are eggs bad for you because they may raise cholesterol?It's one of the most common nutrition questions in cardiology, and one of the most misunderstood. The reality is that raising cholesterol and harming your health aren't always the same thing, and when it comes to eggs, the data tells a much more nuanced and reassuring story than most people have been led to believe.In this conversation, Dr. Bret Scher walks through the science of eggs, cholesterol, and cardiovascular risk, cutting through decades of nutritional confusion to help you understand what it actually means for your individual dietary choices.You'll learn:Why the original "eggs cause heart disease" logic doesn't hold up under scientific scrutinyWhat happens to LDL and HDL when most people eat whole eggsWho the "egg hyper responders" are and what genetics has to do with itWhy hazard ratios in observational egg studies are often clinically unhelpfulWhat the American Heart Association now says about eggs and cardiovascular riskWhy eggs are one of the most nutrient dense whole foods availableHow to think about egg quality, quantity, and individual responseThe takeaway: eggs can be part of a healthy whole foods dietary pattern for most people. Context, metabolic health, and the totality of your diet often matter far more than any single food.

Can ketogenic therapy challenge mainstream thinking on cholesterol, diabetes, and evidence-based medicine? At the CoSci conference, Dr. Ken Berry shares his reaction to The Cholesterol Code documentary and explains why more clinicians are questioning long-standing assumptions about metabolic health, LDL cholesterol, and the treatment of chronic disease.In this conversation, Dr. Berry discusses the growing tension between clinical guidelines, pharmaceutical influence, and real-world patient outcomes, while making the case for curiosity, individualized care, and the power of “citizen science” in medicine.In this episode, we cover:Dr. Ken Berry's reaction to The Cholesterol Code documentaryWhy ketogenic therapy challenges conventional risk-benefit analysisThe role of anecdotal evidence and N=1 experimentationPharmaceutical influence on clinical guidelinesWhy many diabetes patients feel stuck despite following standard adviceThe launch of the American Diabetes SocietyType 2 diabetes remission and low-carbohydrate nutritionWhy doctors need to stay curious and continue learningOne of the biggest themes throughout this conversation is that medicine works best when clinicians and patients stay open-minded, ask better questions, and focus on addressing root causes as opposed to just managing symptoms or lab numbers.

Protein recommendations have changed and not everyone is happy about it. Here's what the new federal protein guidelines actually mean for your health, and why the pushback is missing the point.A recent PBS article argued that doubling the current protein guidelines would push people toward junk food and processed products. But as a cardiologist, Dr. Bret Scher explains why that concern, while understandable, is misplaced. The real issue isn't the target. It's the message around how to hit it.In this discussion, you'll learn:Why the original 0.8g/kg recommendation was never designed for optimal metabolic healthWhat research shows about protein intake in the range of 1.2 to 1.6g/kgHow higher protein supports satiety, body composition, and glucose controlWhy certain groups like teenagers, athletes, and older adults need even moreHow plant vs. animal protein sources differ in bioavailability and practicalityWhy whole food sources like eggs, fish, meat, and legumes are the answer, not protein bars and packaged productsGetting more protein doesn't mean reaching for a bar or a wrapper. It means eating real food that your body knows how to use. The old 0.8g recommendation was designed to prevent decline, not to support metabolic thriving.

A new Alzheimer's study linked omega-3 fish oil (EPA & DHA) supplement use to faster cognitive decline, but the real story is far more nuanced than the headlines suggest.In this discussion, cardiologist Dr. Bret Scher breaks down the study and explains why the quality, freshness, and source of omega-3s may matter more than most people realize.The study used data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and found that omega-3 supplement users experienced greater cognitive decline over five years compared to non-users. But the details matter:The study did not assess supplement quality, oxidation, dosage, or dietary habitsOxidized fish oil may behave very differently from high-quality DHA and EPAWhole food omega-3 sources like salmon, sardines, and mackerel consistently show different outcomes in researchLifestyle factors like sleep, exercise, stress, and metabolic health remain critical for brain healthOne of the biggest takeaways: supplements are not interchangeable with whole foods. And no supplement can replace the foundation of metabolic health, including nutrition, movement, sleep, stress management, and social connection.

Save 20% on all Nuzest Products WORLDWIDE with the code MIKKIPEDIA at www.nuzest.co.nz, www.nuzest.com.au or www.nuzest.comCurranz Supplement: Use code MIKKIPEDIA to get 20% off your first order - go to www.curranz.co.nz  or www.curranz.co.uk to order yours NZ listeners - save 10% off Calocurb by using the code Mikkipedia10 at www.calocurb.co.nzThis week on the podcast, Mikki speaks to Dr Matt Bernstein, a physician working in the emerging field of metabolic psychiatry, which explores the connection between brain health, metabolism, and mental illness.In this episode, the conversation centres on how metabolic dysfunction may play a far greater role in mental health than traditionally recognised. Matt explains what metabolic psychiatry actually is, how it differs from conventional psychiatric approaches, and why factors like insulin resistance, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction are now being considered key drivers in conditions such as depression, anxiety, and more severe psychiatric disorders.They explore the growing interest in nutritional and metabolic interventions, including dietary strategies like carbohydrate restriction, and how these may influence brain energy, neurotransmitter function, and symptom outcomes. The discussion also touches on where the evidence currently sits, what clinicians should be cautious about, and how to think about integrating these approaches alongside standard care.It's a thought-provoking conversation that challenges traditional models of mental health, while offering a more biologically grounded way of understanding and supporting the brain.Dr. Matt Bernstein is a highly respected clinical psychiatrist and a leading voice in metabolic psychiatry, with 25 years of experience helping individuals achieve full mental health and functional recovery.He graduated summa cum laude from Columbia University in English literature and earned his medical degree from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. Trained at MGH/McLean, he served as chief resident and later held leadership roles including psychiatrist-in-charge and assistant medical director of the schizophrenia and bipolar inpatient program. He also serves as chief medical officer at Ellenhorn, developing community-based strategies to optimize mental health.For the past five years, Dr. Bernstein has focused on metabolic psychiatry, first in his private practice, and then at Ellenhorn. More recently, he created Accord's comprehensive program and is sharing his expertise through podcasts, national conferences, and briefings for members of Congress. He co-organized the first public conference on metabolic psychiatry, and co-leads a privately funded study evaluating outcomes of Accord's pioneering interventions.He serves on advisory and non-profit boards, including Metabolic Mind, Meru Health, The Metabolic Revolution, and the Coalition for Metabolic Health, helping advance the field both clinically and publicly.https://accordmh.com/our-team/matt-bernstein/ Contact Mikki:https://mikkiwilliden.com/https://www.facebook.com/mikkiwillidennutritionhttps://www.instagram.com/mikkiwilliden/https://linktr.ee/mikkiwilliden

After losing his brother to suicide despite being in psychiatric care, entrepreneur Kristian Ranta began asking difficult questions: Why do so many people struggle despite treatment? What if mental health care is overlooking key drivers of recovery?In this conversation, Dr. Bret Scher sits down with Kristian Ranta, founder of Meru Health, to explore a model that approaches mental health care differently by combining psychiatry, therapy, nutrition, metabolic health, sleep, exercise, coaching, and data-driven care.They discuss:Why nutrition and metabolic health are often overlooked in psychiatryThe connection between physical and mental healthWhy “treatment-resistant” may not tell the whole storyHow comprehensive lab testing can uncover hidden contributors to symptomsThe role of ketogenic and low-carbohydrate interventions in mental health careWearables, biofeedback, and personalized treatment approachesOutcome-based care and the future of psychiatric treatmentHow virtual care can expand access to underserved communitiesThis conversation highlights a growing movement toward whole-person mental health care, one that seeks to go beyond symptoms and understand the underlying factors that may be contributing to them.

In this episode, we are joined by Dr. Matt Bernstein, MD, Chief Medical Officer at Ellenhorn and Chief Executive Officer of Accord. A highly respected clinical psychiatrist and leading voice in the emerging field of metabolic psychiatry, Dr. Bernstein draws on more than 25 years of experience helping individuals achieve meaningful mental health improvement and long-term functional recovery. Throughout his career, Dr. Bernstein has explored the connection between metabolism and mental health, first through private practice and later through his work at Ellenhorn. More recently, he developed Accord's comprehensive treatment model and has become a prominent advocate for metabolic psychiatry through podcasts, national conferences, and briefings for members of Congress.   This conversation dives into: What metabolic psychiatry is and how it differs from traditional psychiatric care. The relationship between brain metabolism and mental health disorders. How ketogenic therapies are being explored as potential tools for psychiatric recovery. The role of metabolic health in conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety, OCD, and psychosis. Dr. Bernstein graduated summa cum laude from Columbia University with a degree in English Literature and earned his medical degree from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. He completed his psychiatric training at MGH/McLean, where he served as Chief Resident and later held leadership positions, including Psychiatrist-in-Charge and Assistant Medical Director of the Schizophrenia and Bipolar Inpatient Program. He also serves on several advisory and nonprofit boards, including Metabolic Mind, Meru Health, The Metabolic Revolution, and the Coalition for Metabolic Health. Connect with Dr. Bernstein: LinkedIn Accord's Website Ellenhorn's Website

Anorexia nervosa has one of the highest mortality rates of any psychiatric illness, yet effective biological treatments remain limited. For many people living with the condition, even after successful weight normalization, persistent psychological symptoms, including obsessive thoughts about food, shape, and weight, continue to drive relapse.In this conversation, Dr. Bret Scher sits down with Dr. Guido Frank, Professor of Psychiatry at UC San Diego with over 25 years of experience in eating disorder treatment, to discuss results from the first-ever clinical trial of ketogenic therapy in anorexia nervosa.This 14-week supervised feasibility trial enrolled 22 individuals with weight-normalized anorexia nervosa. Among the 18 study completers:✅ 72% scored in the recovered range on eating disorder assessments, no longer meeting the criteria for an anorexia nervosa diagnosis✅ 100% of study completers saw improvements in depression symptoms, with 72% scoring within the normal range.✅ Participants did not experience significant weight change throughout the studyIn this conversation, Dr. Frank also discusses:What led a self-described skeptic to investigate ketogenic therapy for anorexia nervosaHow the study was structured, who it enrolled, and what the weekly supervision looked likeWhat participants experienced as symptoms improved, including reports of mental clarity and reliefHow weight remained stable throughout the ketogenic interventionThe pushback from colleagues and how to engage with the skepticismWhat comes next, including ongoing brain imaging research and plans for a randomized controlled trialEarly observations in bulimia nervosa and what they may suggest about metabolic factors in eating disordersThis trial demonstrated that ketogenic therapy is well tolerated by this population. Larger, controlled studies are needed to better evaluate efficacy.This intervention was conducted under close supervision by a licensed eating disorder specialist, with weekly check-ins, ketone monitoring, and regular psychiatric assessments. Anyone interested in exploring this approach should do so under close medical supervision and in partnership with their care team. If you or someone you care for is living with anorexia nervosa, please speak with your healthcare provider before making any changes.

A new study demonstrates that ketogenic therapy could be an option for individuals living with weight-normalized anorexia nervosa.One of the primary goals of anorexia nervosa treatment is restoring weight, and while this is an important milestone, many individuals continue to experience psychological symptoms.Dr. Guido Frank, Professor of Psychiatry at UC San Diego, has spent more than 25 years researching and treating eating disorders. For much of his career, the lack of effective biological treatments for anorexia nervosa has been one of his greatest frustrations.That changed when he began investigating ketogenic therapy.In this video, Dr. Frank shares results from the first-ever clinical trial of ketogenic therapy in anorexia nervosa, published in Communications Medicine.This 14-week outpatient feasibility trial enrolled adults living with weight-normalized anorexia nervosa who, despite weight restoration, continued to struggle with persistent eating disorder symptoms.Of the 22 individuals enrolled in the study, 82% completed the trial. Among those who completed, 40% experienced mild early side effects, all of which resolved by study end, providing early evidence that ketogenic therapy may be a well-tolerated option in this weight-normalized population.Among the study completers:✅ 72% no longer met the criteria for an anorexia nervosa diagnosis✅ All showed improvement in depression scores, with 72% reaching the normal range✅ Participants also showed improvements in self-esteem, anxiety, and clinical impairmentOne of the most common concerns about keto in this population is whether it will cause weight loss.For this reason, weight was closely monitored and participants did not experience significant weight change during the study. These findings suggest that under clinical supervision, ketogenic therapy can be implemented in a way that supports weight maintenance, while also delivering far-reaching effects on brain function and psychiatric symptoms.These results are encouraging early evidence of feasibility, but larger, controlled studies are needed to further evaluate efficacy.The outcomes should not be generalized to severely underweight patients, who were not included in this trial. Dr. Frank's team is now actively studying whether ketogenic therapy can be applied at lower weights.This intervention was conducted under close supervision by a licensed eating disorder specialist, with weekly check-ins, ketone monitoring, and regular psychiatric assessments. Anyone interested in exploring this approach should only do so under close medical supervision and in partnership with their care team. If you or someone you care for is living with anorexia nervosa, please speak with your healthcare provider before making any changes.

Lower triglycerides, lower remnant cholesterol, lower ApoB. Zero change in coronary artery plaque. A new clinical trial is forcing a bigger conversation about how we treat cardiovascular disease.The drug was Olezarsen, an APOC3 inhibitor. The blood work looked impressive. The heart scans did not. So why would lowering well-established cardiovascular risk factors fail to move the needle on plaque? Dr. Bret Scher argues there's a critical difference between what we want to fix and how we go about fixing it. Lowering a number with a drug is not the same as addressing the underlying metabolic dysfunction that caused that number to be high in the first place.In this video, you'll learn:What the Olezarsen trial actually showed and why the results matterWhy elevated triglycerides often signal deeper metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistanceHow this same drug-first thinking plays out in type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and weight managementWhy narrowing our focus to "fix the number" can keep us from healing the whole systemHow metabolic medicine reframes the conversation around root causesThis isn't an argument against medication. Responsible drug use has an important place in patient care. But the best outcomes come when we ask why a number is abnormal in the first place and what combination of lifestyle changes and targeted treatments will actually address it.

Could ketogenic therapy help people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders engage more successfully with CBT? A new conceptual framework explores this powerful adjunctive approach.CBTp is considered a gold-standard treatment for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, but many patients struggle to initiate, participate in, and complete it. Cognitive deficits, sleep disturbances, low distress tolerance, and ongoing psychotic symptoms can all stand in the way. In this conversation, Dr. Bret Scher sits down with licensed clinical social worker Nicole Laurent to discuss her recently published paper in Frontiers in Psychology, exploring how ketogenic metabolic therapy could help bridge that gap.In this conversation, you'll learn:Why CBTp is so cognitively demanding and where patients tend to struggleHow ketogenic therapy may reduce key barriers like sleep issues, distress tolerance, and cognitive impairmentWhat a conceptual analysis paper is and why it matters for shaping future researchHow clinicians and researchers can begin integrating these ideas into practiceWhether this framework could extend to CBT for depression, OCD, and anxietyThis discussion opens the door to thinking about ketogenic therapy not only as a direct treatment for psychiatric symptoms, but as a powerful adjunctive tool that could help patients engage more fully with the rest of their care.

How many carbs should you eat on a ketogenic diet? Do ketone levels matter? And why do cravings hit so hard? Is Dairy recommended?In this Metabolic Mailbag episode, registered dietitian and medical student Temple Stewart breaks down some of the most common challenges people face when starting and maintaining a ketogenic diet, especially for PCOS (PMOS), metabolic health, and long-term sustainability.Temple brings a unique perspective to this conversation, combining clinical nutrition experience with current medical training and a deep focus on women's metabolic health. Her approach is practical, individualized, and grounded in helping people build strategies they can realistically sustain over the long term.In this episode, we cover:Ketogenic therapy and the menstrual cycleCravings and the “sugar dragon”PCOS and therapeutic ketone levelsDairy, protein, and hungerVegetarian keto challengesCGMs and ketone testingHow to personalize a ketogenic approach long termOne of the biggest takeaways: successful ketogenic therapy is about understanding your own metabolism, building sustainable habits, and learning which strategies help you feel your best over time.

Kristina Cook shares how lifelong anxiety and postpartum depression, combined with her daughter Genevieve's escalating, unpredictable mood instability, rage, suicidality, and mania, pushed their family into crisis despite years of therapy, medications, and an 11-year-old's 16-week hospital in-treatment stay with a discharge plan involving notifying police. After an RFK Jr. press conference led her to Casey and Calley Means' message in Good Energy, Kristina removed ultra-processed foods and refined ingredients and saw rapid improvements in sleep, pain, and her daughter's behavior. Later, after hearing Dr. Chris Palmer describe ketogenic therapy for severe mental illness, Kristina and her daughter transitioned to keto, endured a brief detox period, and then experienced dramatic mental clarity; Genevieve reached remission and came off medication, and Kristina also saw major weight and anxiety relief. Kristina now studies nutrition, works with the Metabolic Collective, and advocates for accessible metabolic therapies for families. Good Energy (book by Casey Means & Callie Means)  metaboliccollective.org  Metabolic Mind — https://www.metabolicmind.org/ Kristina on X (Twitter): @KristinaCook https://x.com/KristinaCo9561 The Better Humans Project — Kristina's Instagram and Facebook pages  https://www.instagram.com/thebetterhumansproject?igsh=MTM4YTkyZ3duejdjbw==

A recent report highlighted a surprising trend: individuals using GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic and Wegovy may be facing even more social stigma than those who remain overweight. And while neither deserves any stigma at all, it raises an important question about how we judge health choices in modern medicine.In this conversation, Dr. Bret Scher reflects on whether his own critiques of GLP-1 medications stem from bias against the individuals using them. His conclusion is clear: the issue is not the patient, but the system surrounding care.While GLP-1 receptor agonists can be powerful tools for weight loss and metabolic improvement, Dr. Scher emphasizes a deeper concern: the growing tendency toward a “drug-first” model that may overlook foundational lifestyle and metabolic interventions such as nutrition quality, protein intake, resistance training, and long-term behavior change.Key themes discussed:The stigma patients face regardless of whether they lose weight or notThe difference between criticizing a treatment and blaming the patientConcerns about overprescribing without adequate lifestyle supportWhat happens when medications are stopped (and weight is regained)The importance of metabolic health beyond the scaleThis conversation also highlights the complexity of long-term care. While some individuals may benefit significantly from GLP-1 medications, sustainable metabolic health ideally integrates medical tools with lifestyle-based strategies that support long-term resilience.

Psychiatric medication tapering* is becoming one of the most important and controversial conversations in mental health care.In the wake of the American Psychiatric Association Annual Conference, Dr. Bret Scher explores the growing debate around psychiatric medication “deprescribing,” responsible tapering, overprescription, and the urgent need for better research and clinician guidance.This discussion examines the real clinical questions:When should psychiatric medications be reassessed?How should tapering be approached safely?How do we distinguish withdrawal symptoms from relapse?Why is there still so little research on tapering protocols?What role could metabolic psychiatry and ketogenic therapy play in supporting brain health during treatment?Dr. Scher also discusses why every psychiatric prescription should include an ongoing plan for reassessment, not just indefinite continuation by default.Importantly, this video does NOT encourage anyone to stop psychiatric medications on their own. Decisions about medication changes should always be made carefully with a qualified healthcare provider.

A new study suggests that eating more eggs may be linked to a lower risk of dementia. But what does the research actually show?Dr. Bret Scher breaks down the headlines, the limitations of observational nutrition research, and the surprisingly important detail hidden in the baseline data.The people eating the fewest eggs entered the study with what many would consider “healthier” lifestyles:

In people with severe depression and cognitive decline, brain glucose metabolism has been shown in some studies to decline measurably. Ketone metabolism, by contrast, appears relatively preserved. That single observation is reshaping how researchers think about psychiatric illness.In this episode, Dominic D'Agostino sits down with Bret Scher, a cardiologist who pivoted to metabolic psychiatry and now leads clinical education and content for Metabolic Mind at the Baszucki Group. Dr. Scher brings a rare dual perspective: deep training in conventional cardiology paired with three years embedded in the research and clinical practice exploring metabolic approaches in psychiatry.The conversation covers brain energy dysfunction as a potential unifying mechanism across psychiatric disorders, the preserved ketone metabolism documented in work by researchers like Stephen Cunnane, the recently published Delphi consensus paper on metabolic psychiatry, why four-week randomized trials may be inadequate for nutritional interventions, and the case for future diagnostic categories like metabolic depression and metabolic bipolar disorder.Questions Answered in This Episode:Are we underestimating brain energy dysfunction as a potential unifying mechanism across psychiatric disorders?What are the two biggest clinical mistakes patients make when starting ketogenic therapy for mental illness?Should ketogenic therapy ever be positioned as a first-line intervention for psychiatric disorders?What is the single biggest bottleneck preventing wider clinical adoption of ketogenic therapy?What has been the most unexpected challenge in moving metabolic psychiatry into the mainstream?What does precision, personalized, prescriptive ketone metabolic therapy actually look like in clinical practice?This conversation reframes psychiatric illness as a question of brain energy alongside neurotransmitter signaling and other biological mechanisms, with implications for how the next decade of research and clinical training will unfold.Join the Live Q&A with Dr. Bret Scher. Bring your questions directly to Dr. Scher on May 29 at 10:00 a.m. Pacific / 1:00 p.m. Eastern. Register here.Where to Find Dr. Bret Scher Online:Metabolic MindCoalition for Metabolic HealthSpecial thanks to the sponsors of this episode:✅ Toups and Co – Get 15% off your first order with code METABOLIC here.✅ iRestore – Get a huge discount on the Elite and the Illumina bundle with the code LINK here.✅ MudWtr – Get up to 43% off + free shipping and a free rechargeable frother with code METABOLICLINK here.In every episode of The Metabolic Link, we'll uncover the very latest research on metabolic health and therapy. If you like this episode, please share it, subscribe, follow, and leave us a comment or review on whichever platform you use to tune in!You can find us on all your major podcast players here and full episodes are also up on our Metabolic Health Summit YouTube channel!Find us on social: InstagramFacebookYouTubeLinkedInPlease keep in mind: The Metabolic Link does not provide medical or health advice, but rather general information that does not serve as a substitute for a licensed healthcare professional. Never delay in seeking medical advice from an appropriately licensed medical provider for any health condition that you may have.

Fatty liver disease (MASLD) is a major cause of liver disease and even liver failure. But many are surprised to learn it's not primarily a liver problem. Growing evidence suggests the root issue may be metabolic dysfunction affecting the entire body, and that perspective can drastically change how we approach treating and preventing it.In this interview, Dr. Bret Scher sits down with Dr. Adam Wolfberg to discuss a newly published study in Hepatology examining how a ketogenic intervention may help prevent metabolic liver disease before it progresses.The conversation explores MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease) and MASH (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis), conditions that now affect millions of people and are closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.You'll learn:Why metabolic diseases are deeply interconnectedHow ketogenic interventions may improve liver healthWhat the new research found about preventing MASLD and MASHWhy weight loss alone may not explain the benefitsHow lifestyle interventions compare to pharmaceutical approachesWhy prevention is often overlooked in modern healthcareThe broader connection between metabolic health and chronic diseaseDr. Wolfberg also explains why treating metabolic dysfunction as a whole-body condition, rather than a collection of separate diseases, may change the future of medicine.

Can insulin resistance increase the risk of suicide?In this video, Dr. Bret Scher breaks down a new study published in Translational Psychiatry that links metabolic dysfunction with higher rates of suicidal ideation, attempts, and death.Dr. Scher covers:How biomarkers like blood glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, and waist circumference relate to suicide riskHow this study fits with the growing evidence connecting metabolism to mental healthHow routinely monitoring metabolic markers could impact psychiatric careHow ketogenic and other metabolic therapies could reduce the risk of self-harmThe study adds to a growing body of evidence that mental and metabolic health are deeply connected. While more research is needed, understanding and addressing metabolic dysfunction, like insulin resistance, may be a crucial step in reducing suicide risk and improving psychiatric careExpert Featured:Dr. Bret ScherBaszucki Group Medical Directorhttps://x.com/bschermdResources Mentioned:Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of suicide attempt: evidence from a population-based cohort and genomic analysishttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-025-03575-1Free CME Clinician Trainings:Are you a clinician who would like to learn more about the science behind these therapies and how to implement them in practice? Earn CME with our growing library of courses from some of the top experts in the field including Dr. Chris Palmer, Dr. Georgia Ede, Dr. Matthew Bernstein and Dr. Bret Scher with more coming soon.Our courses have been made FREE by grants from Baszucki Group, so we can spread these powerful therapies as widely as possible. Earn CME/CNE credits: https://www.metabolicmind.org/for-clinicians/trainings-courses/?utm_medium=organic-social&utm_source=youtube&utm_campaign=cme-ytFollow our channel for more information and education from Bret Scher, MD, FACC, including interviews with leading experts in Metabolic Psychiatry.Learn more about metabolic psychiatry and find helpful resources at https://metabolicmind.org/About us: Metabolic Mind is a non-profit initiative of Baszucki Group working to transform the study and treatment of mental disorders by exploring the connection between metabolism and brain health. We leverage the science of metabolic psychiatry and personal stories to offer education, community, and hope to people struggling with mental health challenges and those who care for them.Our channel is for informational purposes only. We are not providing individual or group medical or healthcare advice nor establishing a provider-patient relationship. Many of the interventions we discuss can have dramatic or potentially dangerous effects if done without proper supervision. Consult your healthcare provider before changing your lifestyle or medications.

For decades, nutrition advice has centered on a single idea: that there's one “right” way to eat for everyone. The standard low-fat, Mediterranean-style diet approach has shaped how we think about health. But it's missing a critical piece.Here, Dr. Bret Scher breaks down the limitations of universal dietary recommendations and why relying on observational nutrition research may not provide clear answers for individual health.You'll learn:Why “evidence-based” nutrition isn't always as definitive as it seemsThe difference between observational studies and causal evidenceWhy metabolic health markers like insulin, triglycerides, and body composition matter more than just weight or cholesterolHow different people respond differently to the same dietWhen low-carb and ketogenic diets may offer powerful benefitsThis discussion challenges the idea of a single “best” diet and instead explores a more personalized approach, one that considers your metabolism, preferences, and long-term sustainability.As the field evolves, the future of nutrition may lie in moving beyond rigid guidelines and toward individualized care that actually works in the real world.

Can ketosis trigger insomnia or even mania? Do you need supplements like L-carnitine to support ketone production? Is whey protein helping or hurting your metabolic health? And how do you maintain or gain weight on a ketogenic diet without losing ketosis?Harvard-trained psychiatrist Dr. Georgia Ede and cardiologist Dr. Bret Scher tackle your biggest questions in this Metabolic Mailbag episode, breaking down the science behind ketogenic metabolic therapy, including:Why some people struggle transitioning into ketosisThe role of electrolytes, protein, and meal timingBrain insulin resistance and mental healthCarnitine deficiency and ketone productionWeight loss vs. weight maintenance on a ketogenic dietProtein powders, dairy, and whole-food nutritionPractical ketogenic diet strategies for everyday lifeThis episode also explores an important theme in metabolic psychiatry: why metabolic health markers often tell us more than standard blood sugar testing alone, and how ketogenic interventions may support brain function even in people without obvious metabolic disease.Whether you're exploring ketogenic therapy for mental health, improving metabolic health, or simply trying to make keto sustainable long term, this episode is packed with practical insights and nuanced discussion.

Send us Fan MailGavin Symes is a returning guest on our show! Be sure to check out her first appearance on episode 776 of Boundless Body Radio!Gavin Symes is Registered Occupational Therapist, a Metabolic Therapy Coach, and the Founder & Chief Wizard of Wizard OT, short for Occupational Therapy. He founded Wizard OT in 2020 to provide a truly person-centered approach to therapy.At the core of their approach is the idea that each person should be treated as an individual. By considering each person's biological, psychological and social needs, they provide a tailored approach to improving every client's wellbeing. They don't assume to know ahead of time what is best for their clients, and instead, work with the individual, their family and their wider network to create an intervention.In 2010, Gavin suffered a serious head injury that left him physically and cognitively impaired. The injury made simple tasks hard and required some basic skills to be relearnt. Progress was slow and hard-won but with time, support and consistent effort, he was able to make a full recovery. The experience of having his life turned upside down by a debilitating impairment has informed everything Gavin has done throughout his career, as it is the fire that drives him to help others.Find Gavin at-https://www.wizardot.com/IG- @wizard_otFind Boundless Body at-myboundlessbody.comBook a session with us here! 

For decades, LDL cholesterol has been the go-to metric for assessing heart disease risk. But growing research suggests there's a better predictor: ApoB. But is it a predictor in itself, or is it a marker of something even more important?Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a protein found on all potentially harmful lipoprotein particles, like LDL, VLDL, and remnants. Because each particle carries one ApoB, it offers a direct count of the total number of atherogenic particles, something LDL cholesterol can't do.In this video, Dr. Bret Scher breaks down the key differences between LDL and ApoB, how metabolic health influences both, and why understanding the full picture is critical for preventing heart disease.

Starting a ketogenic diet, reaching ketosis, and setting the right keto macros can feel overwhelming at first, but the fundamentals are simpler than they seem. In this video, Dr. Bret Scher breaks down how to start a keto diet step by step, including how to lower carbs, balance protein, and use fat as your primary fuel source.Whether your goal is weight loss, metabolic health, or therapeutic ketosis, this guide walks through the key principles to help you get started safely and effectively.This video covers:How to reduce carbohydrates to reach ketosisHow much protein you need on a ketogenic dietHow fat supports energy and satiety on ketoWhat causes “keto flu” and how to minimize symptomsWhy hydration and electrolytes are essentialHow to test ketones and track progressYou'll also learn how different dietary approaches, such as Mediterranean, vegetarian, and others, can still support ketosis when carbohydrates are low enough.Importantly, Dr. Scher notes that if you're using a ketogenic diet for a medical or mental health condition, it's important to work with a qualified healthcare provider. Dietary changes can affect medications and symptoms, making it crucial to have your healthcare team on board.

As interest grows in alternative approaches to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), like ibogaine and psilocybin-assisted therapy, researchers are also exploring how metabolic interventions may target the underlying biology of psychiatric conditions.Dr. Bret Scher speaks with Nicole Laurent, a licensed therapist and researcher, about a published case report exploring ketogenic metabolic therapy in treatment-resistant PTSD.Together, they break down some of the biology behind PTSD, including brain hypometabolism, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter imbalances, and how ketogenic therapy may help address these underlying mechanisms.The conversation also explores a powerful real-world case: a woman with nearly two decades of persistent PTSD symptoms who experienced profound improvements after implementing a medically supervised ketogenic approach.In this conversation, you'll also learn:Why metabolism may play a central role in psychiatric conditionsHow ketogenic therapy may support brain energy and neurotransmitter balanceThe importance of clinical supervision, especially when medications are involvedWhy individualized care and self-advocacy matter in emerging treatmentsWhile case reports don't establish causation, they can highlight new directions for research and clinical care, especially for individuals who haven't found relief with standard approaches.As research evolves, metabolic psychiatry is opening new conversations about how we understand and treat mental health conditions. If you or someone you love is living with PTSD, this discussion may offer a new perspective to explore with a qualified healthcare provider.Learn more about ketogenic therapy as an adjunct treatment for PTSD on our blog: Hope for PTSD: The Potential of Ketogenic Metabolic Therapies.

Can a ketogenic diet affect your thyroid? What about bone health, uric acid, cannabis use, or ketone supplements?In this Metabolic Mailbag episode, Dr. Bret Scher and Dr. Georgia Ede answer your most pressing questions about ketogenic therapy and how it interacts with real-world health concerns.From thyroid function to mental health, this conversation highlights how nuanced and individualized metabolic therapies can be.You'll learn:How ketogenic diets influence thyroid hormones, and why lower T3 doesn't necessarily mean hypothyroidismWhen to monitor thyroid function more closely, especially with pre-existing conditions or medications like lithiumWhat the evidence says about protein intake, uric acid, and bone healthWhy temporary changes during the adaptation phase (like uric acid fluctuations) may not reflect long-term outcomesHow cannabis use may affect appetite, cravings, and adherence to a ketogenic dietWhether exogenous ketones and MCT oil provide the same benefits as nutritional ketosisDr. Ede also shares a key principle: context matters. Lab values, symptoms, and individual biology all need to be considered together, especially when using ketogenic therapy for mental health or metabolic conditions.The key takeaway: ketogenic therapy is not one-size-fits-all. It's a dynamic, personalized approach that often requires thoughtful monitoring, adjustments, and collaboration with a knowledgeable clinician.

Can something as simple as coconut oil support brain health in dementia?In this video, Dr. Bret Scher explores an emerging area of research focused on brain energy metabolism and how ketones may play a role in supporting cognitive function in conditions like Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.As the brain's ability to use glucose declines in Alzheimer's, researchers have begun investigating whether ketones can help fill that energy gap.In this video, you'll learn:Why the brain may experience an energy deficit in Alzheimer's diseaseHow ketones provide an “alternative” fuel for the brainThe role of coconut oil and MCTs in raising ketone levelsInsights from Dr. Mary Newport's early observations and case reportsResearch from Dr. Stephen Cunnane on brain energy metabolismWhat current studies suggest about ketogenic therapies and cognitive functionCommon concerns about saturated fat and coconut oilDr. Scher also discusses the limitations of the current evidence. While early findings are promising, much of the research is still in its early stages, and more rigorous clinical trials are needed.At the same time, for individuals and families facing cognitive decline, low-risk lifestyle approaches like ketogenic strategies may be worth exploring under medical guidance.

Exogenous ketones have exploded in popularity, with claims ranging from better brain function to improved performance and weight loss. But what does the science actually say?In this in-depth conversation, Dr. Bret Scher sits down with leading ketone researcher Dr. Dominic D'Agostino to break down the reality behind exogenous ketones—what they are, how they work, and where they may (or may not) fit into your health strategy.They explore the key differences between:Endogenous ketones (produced by your body through diet or fasting)Exogenous ketones (supplements you consume)And why that distinction matters for both metabolic and brain health.This conversation covers:The different types of exogenous ketones (salts, esters, those derived from MCTs)Potential benefits for brain energy, seizures, and metabolic healthSafety considerations and why formulation mattersWhy exogenous ketones are best viewed as a tool, not a replacement for a ketogenic dietThe concept of a “sweet spot” for ketone levels in different conditionsOne of the biggest takeaways: context is everything. Exogenous ketones may offer the most benefit when used to support a well-formulated metabolic approach, rather than as a standalone shortcut.Dr. D'Agostino also shares insights from decades of research, including work with the Department of Defense, and discusses where the science is headed, especially in areas like neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Send us Fan MailRobyn Dobbins is a returning (and is unofficially the most mentioned) guest on our show! Check out her first appearances on episode 469 and 578 of Boundless Body Radio! We also interviewed her AWESOME husband, Matt, on episode 638 of our show!Robyn Dobbins is an amazing friend of mine, who has recovered from many serious health conditions, including OCD, obesity, depression, Hashimoto's, and bipolar disorder.As the owner of Harbinger of Health LLC, she supports others on their unique metabolic healing journeys, emphasizing the importance of community and connection for lasting change. She is certified by the Nutrition Network and trained in Ketogenic Diets for Mental Health by Dr. Georgia Ede.In addition, she is the host of Ketobiography, an amazing podcast dedicated to sharing stories of hope and healing through metabolic therapy. Robyn is a member of the Society of Metabolic Health Practitioners and was the recipient of the 2024 Fresh Start Award given out by the non-profit Metabolic Mind!She has also become staff at Metabolic Collective, a not-for-profit organization that is building a grassroots, healing-centered community infrastructure that empowers people to adopt metabolic therapies, sustain recovery, and turn personal transformation into collective impact.Robyn and her family are featured in the new documentary The Cholesterol Code, available on Amazon, and has been featured in discussion panels and Q&A's across the country!Find Robyn at-https://www.harbingerofhealthllc.com/FB- @Robyn R. DobbinsTW- @robynrdobbinsIG- @robynrdobbinsFind the KetoBiography Podcast at-YT- @The KetoBiography PodcastIG- @keto_biographyFB- @Keto BiographyFind Boundless Body at-myboundlessbody.comBook a session with us here!