Podcasts about rct

Prehospital blood is one of the hottest debates in trauma resuscitation — and the evidence just got a lot more interesting. In this episode, Drs. Patrick Georgoff and Ayman Ali sit down with Dr. Ed Barnard, UK defense professor of emergency medicine and author of the landmark SWIFT trial, and Dr. Juan De Chesney, trauma surgeon and pioneer in prehospital blood programs, to break down what we actually know about getting blood to patients before they hit the doors. The SWIFT trial — the largest prehospital whole blood RCT to date — found no superiority of whole blood over component therapy, but the story is far more nuanced than a negative headline suggests. From the logistics of carrying blood on a helicopter to the stark reality that only 1.8% of US ground EMS carries any blood products at all, this conversation exposes both the progress and the enormous gaps that remain. Hosts: Ayman Ali, MD: Ayman Ali is a Behind the Knife fellow and general surgery PGY-4 at Duke Hospital.  Patrick Georgoff, MD @georgoff: Patrick Georgoff is faculty in the Department of Surgery at the Duke University School of Medicine where he serves as an Associate Professor of Trauma, Acute, and Critical Care Surgery and Trauma Medical Director. He is a leading educator and creator for Behind the Knife, a premier digital education platform and podcast advancing surgical training through innovative, high-yield multimedia content. Juan Duchesne, MD: Juan Duchesne is a trauma surgeon and Professor of Surgery serving as the Trauma Medical Director and Division Chief at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. His pioneering contributions to the field—particularly in whole blood and balanced resuscitation practices—have been honored with numerous accolades.  Ed Barnard, PhD FRCEM FIMC RCSEd, @edbarn @DefProfEM: Ed Barnard is an emergency physician and UK Defence Professor of Emergency Medicine, RCEM/NIHR Associate Professor, and Affiliated Assistant Professor at the University of Cambridge. He has sub-specialty training in pre-hospital and academic emergency medicine and possesses extensive experience in trauma, anaesthesia, and critical care across both civilian and military settings. His contributions to the field have been honored with five national research awards and a PhD - undertaken with the US Army in San Antonio, TX. This episode was sponsored by Teleflex, a global provider of medical devices. Learn more at teleflex.com and at the Teleflex Trauma and Emergency Medicine LinkedIn page. Please visit https://behindtheknife.org to access other high-yield surgical education podcasts, videos and more.  If you liked this episode, check out our recent episodes here: https://behindtheknife.org/listenBehind the Knife Premium: https://behindtheknife.org/premiumOral Board Review: https://behindtheknife.org/oral-boardOral Board Simulator: https://behindtheknife.org/oral-board/simulatorGeneral Surgery Oral Board Review Course: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/general-surgery-oral-board-reviewTrauma Surgery Video Atlas: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/trauma-surgery-video-atlasDominate Surgery: A High-Yield Guide to Your Surgery Clerkship: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/dominate-surgery-a-high-yield-guide-to-your-surgery-clerkshipDominate Surgery for APPs: A High-Yield Guide to Your Surgery Rotation: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/dominate-surgery-for-apps-a-high-yield-guide-to-your-surgery-rotationVascular Surgery Oral Board Review Course: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/vascular-surgery-oral-board-reviewColorectal Surgery Oral Board Review Course: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/colorectal-surgery-oral-board-reviewSurgical Oncology Oral Board Review Course: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/surgical-oncology-oral-board-reviewCardiothoracic Oral Board Review Course: https://behindtheknife.org/premium/cardiothoracic-surgery-oral-board-reviewDownload our App:Apple App Store: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/behind-the-knife/id1672420049Android/Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.btk.app&hl=en_US

Galactagogues and medications to boost milk production. Everything from oats to fenugreek to lactation cookies and prescription medications like metoclopramide and domperidone. Also, cow's milk protein allergy, reflux and baby's spit-up, the safety of alcohol while breastfeeding, and how to handle other prescription medications. Natalie Borden, an international board certified lactation consultant, joins Chris to debunk breastfeeding myths. Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you! http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/ https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=9QZET78JZWCZE   Email us your questions at thebodyofevidence@gmail.com.   Editor:    Robyn Flynn Theme music: “Fall of the Ocean Queen“ by Joseph Hackl Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer   Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information. References: Internet survey on patient use of lactation aides: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37236347/ Cochrane 2020 on galactogogues: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32421208/ 2023 RCT on lactation cookies: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36921902/ The LactMed database: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501922/

Download Porter Here: https://app.adjust.com/21bhdnwtGuest Suggestion Form: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://forms.gle/bnaeY3FpoFU9ZjA47⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Disclaimer: This video is intended solely for educational purposes and opinions shared by the guest are his personal views. We do not intent to defame or harm any person/ brand/ product/ country/ profession mentioned in the video. Our goal is to provide information to help audience make informed choices. The media used in this video are solely for informational purposes and belongs to their respective owners.(00:00) - Intro(02:55) - Why Are Only the Rich Getting Richer in India?(08:51) - Middle-Class Indians' Salary Range(13:27) - Should We Replace Humans Because of AI?(18:30) - India: 6th Largest Economy but Still Poor(25:33) - What Is an RCT?(29:37) - What Is Economics?(32:14) - Understanding the Indian Economy Using a Pressure Cooker(39:56) - How Are Guava, Anemia & Economics Related?(43:35) - What Is the Poverty Trap Curve?(50:43) - Why Does He Think Giving Freebies to Poor People Is Good?(59:19) - Why Don't Many Rich People Give to Charity?(1:02:15) - Why Do People Say Freebie Politics Is Ruining the Country?(1:07:57) - Why Does He Think Tax Havens Should Be Banned?(1:17:37) - Is a Closed Economy Good for Growth?(1:19:27) - Why Is India Poorer Than Japan Despite Almost the Same GDP?(1:22:56) - Why Did He Write the Paper "Marry for What"?(1:25:48) - Is Universal Basic Income the Future?(1:29:09) - Why Is There Inequality Even in Jails?(1:30:59) - Why Doesn't He Take GDP Seriously?(1:34:39) - BTS(1:35:23) - OutroIn today's episode, we sit down with Abhijit Banerjee, Nobel Laureate & Author, Economist & Co-Founder - JPAL to break down everything Indians get wrong about poverty, inequality, and the future of work.He also explains his Kenya experiment where a 2-year lumpsum beat 12 years of monthly transfers, the 17-year West Bengal study that showed one free cow made women 40% richer, the 140-study metaanalysis proving freebies make people work MORE not less, and why even a Nobel Laureate calls his own success "mostly luck."A complete masterclass on how the economy actually works from the man who built the world's most rigorous method for studying it.Subscribe for more such conversations.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠About Raj ShamaniRaj Shamani is an Entrepreneur at heart that explains his expertise in Business Content Creation & Public Speaking. He has delivered 200+ speeches in 26+ countries. Besides that, Raj is also an Angel Investor interested in crazy minds who are creating a sensation in the Fintech, FMCG, & passion economy space.To Know More,Follow Raj Shamani On ⤵︎Instagram @RajShamani ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/rajshamani/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Twitter @RajShamani ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://twitter.com/rajshamani⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Facebook @ShamaniRaj ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.facebook.com/shamaniraj⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠LinkedIn - Raj Shamani ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.linkedin.com/in/rajshamani/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠About Figuring OutFiguring Out Podcast is a Candid Conversations University where Raj Shamani brings raw conversations with the Top 1% in India.

Welcome back for the next journey of The Family Express Podcast with Kathryn de Bruin, LMFT and Ronda Evans, LMFT where our destination is resilient and connected families. Our guest stoday are Sara Lamb, MEd, RCT, CCC and Devonne Strachan, M.S.W., R.S.W. They will speak about parental alliance in EFFT.Kathryn de Bruin is an ICEEFT Certified EFT Trainer. Kathryn and Ronda are both licensed marriage and family therapists, EFT supervisors and therapists, and AAMFT Approved Supervisors.You can follow Kathryn de Bruin, LMFT atFacebook  YouTube  IG  Yelp  Google +  Twitter  WebsiteYou can follow Ronda Evans, LMFT atFacebook   Facebook   IG  WebsiteYou can reach Sara Lamb at www.saralamb.ca You can reach Devonna Strachan at https://www.westbridgeassociates.ca/associates/devonne-strachan/

Dans le dernier debrief de la saison, nous revenons sur la défaite finale contre Castres mais surtout nous revenons sur une saison compliquée pour le RCT, qui n'a que trop rarement trouvé la bonne carburation. Accompagnés de quelques verres, les membres des Causeries refont le fil de ces 10 mois de compétition. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Randomised Controlled trial of Vision Intervention for Seeing Impaired Babies: Learning through Enrichment (VISIBLE RCT)

This week, primary care doctors Mark Ebell, Kate Rowland, Henry Barry and Gary Ferenchick discuss four new studies: whether water is better than diet drinks in diabetes, a new RCT of Paxlovid for COVID in contemporary patients, to switch or not to switch antiplatelet agents after a stroke, and the latest AHA 2026 dietary advice for heart health.Drinks for diabetes: ttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41369640/ Antiplatelet agents after stroke on aspirin: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41347302/ New Paxlovid trial: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42019019/ AHA 2026 dietary guidance: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41914202/

Summary: Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is one of dermatology's most complex and underrecognized conditions and the treatment landscape is changing fast. In this episode, Dr. Faranak Kamangar sits down with Dr. Hadar Lev-tov, Associate Professor at the University of Miami, Director of the Wound Healing Fellowship, and Immediate Past President of the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation, for a rapid-fire review of everything happening in the HS world right now. Dr. Lev-tov covers the currently approved therapies, the exciting drugs moving through Phase 3 trials, and the groundbreaking science linking microplastics to HS inflammation. He also shares his candid take on GLP-1s in HS management and what the future of dermatology looks like when treatments work so well that doctors can finally focus on the whole patient. Whether you're a resident just learning HS or a seasoned dermatologist trying to keep up with a fire-hose pipeline, this one is for you. Topics Covered: - Approved HS biologics: bimekizumab, secukinumab, adalimumab & biosimilars - Off-label use of infliximab (IV and subcutaneous) in severe HS - Phase 3 pipeline: remibrutinib, povorcitinib, sonelokimab (nanobodies) - CAR T-cell therapy and the possibility of curing inflammatory skin disease - Microplastics, nicastrin, and a landmark Nature Communications paper on HS - GLP-1s in HS: what we know, what we don't, and Dr. Levtov's clinical approach - The HS Foundation's research grants, HS Academy, wound care referral tool, and prior authorization templates - The future of dermatology as lifestyle medicine Resources Mentioned: - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-65789-7  - HS Foundation website & prior authorization templates: https://www.hs-foundation.org/ - HS Academy (free weekend for residents): https://www.hs-foundation.org/hs-academy - Integrative Dermatology Symposium: integrativedermatologysymposium.com - LearnSkin: learnskin.com This podcast is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider. Key Takeaways: 1. Validate HS patients the moment they walk in. They've often been dismissed or bounced between providers for years. Simply saying "I understand what you're going through" builds trust immediately and makes the visit more productive. 2. The approved HS treatment arsenal is growing. Bimekizumab and secukinumab (IL-17 inhibitors) are now approved, and adalimumab — including biosimilars — remains a valuable option. Clinical experts are using biosimilars with confidence. 3. Subcutaneous infliximab is an emerging option. Available off-label in the US, new data from French centers shows a protocol: standard IV induction at weeks 0, 2, and 6, then switching to subcutaneous injections every two weeks at week 10 — but only once the patient is in strong remission. 4. Three major drugs are in or completing Phase 3 trials. Remibrutinib (BTK inhibitor, already approved for chronic spontaneous urticaria), povorcitinib (JAK1 inhibitor), and sonelokimab (a nanobody targeting IL-17A and IL-17F) are all reporting promising results and moving toward FDA application. 5. Nanobodies are a technology to watch. Derived from camelid antibody fragments, nanobodies like sonelokimab can be engineered to target multiple pathways simultaneously in a smaller, more modular molecule — expect to see them across dermatology. 6. Half-life extenders could mean one injection per year. Already emerging in psoriasis, these extended-dosing biologics are heading toward HS — a potential game-changer for patient adherence. 7. CAR T-cell therapy may one day cure inflammatory skin disease. Currently being studied in lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, the protocols are becoming more practical, and the technology is edging toward dermatology. 8. Microplastics may potentiate HS inflammation. A Nature Communications paper by Dr. Luis Garza (Hopkins) found that plastic-associated endocrine disruptors block nicastrin in fibroblasts, amplifying HS-related inflammation. This doesn't prove causation, but it reveals a meaningful environmental link — and highlights the underappreciated role of fibroblasts in HS scarring. 9. GLP-1s in HS: promising but not proven as monotherapy. There's no RCT yet. Dr. Levtov's clinical approach: stabilize HS with a biologic first, then consider adding a GLP-1 as part of a comprehensive plan that includes diet and resistance training. He has seen outcomes go both ways. 10. The HS Foundation is an underutilized resource. Their website offers a clinic finder, wound care referral service, prior authorization templates (one-click Word documents), research grants, the HS Academy (free, all-expenses-paid weekend for residents), and career development awards in partnership with the Dermatology Foundation. Chapters: 0:00 – Introduction & Dr. Lev-tov's Background 0:49 – The #1 Clinical Tip for Seeing HS Patients 1:44 – Approved HS Treatments: IL-17 Inhibitors, Adalimumab & Biosimilars 2:40 – Off-Label Infliximab: IV and the New Subcutaneous Protocol 4:21 – Phase 3 Pipeline: Remibrutinib, Povorcitinib & Sonelokimab (Nanobodies) 6:00 – Half-Life Extenders & One-Injection-Per-Year Future 7:01 – CAR T-Cell Therapy: Could We Cure Inflammatory Skin Disease? 7:36 – Research Funding & HS Foundation Grants 8:43 – HS Foundation Tools: Prior Auth Templates, Clinic Finder & HS Academy 10:15 – Microplastics, Nicastrin & the Nature Communications Paper 13:22 – What This Means for Fibroblasts and HS Scarring 14:20 – Celebrating Dermatology Science & Clinician-Scientists 15:32 – GLP-1s & HS: What's the Evidence? 17:18 – Dr. Lev-tov's Clinical Approach to GLP-1 Requests 19:06 – The Future of Dermatology: Becoming Lifestyle Doctors 21:28 – The Integrative Dermatology Symposium & LearnSkin Certificate Program 22:50 – Closing Remarks

With the Rams trading (absolutely fleecing) the Browns with a trade for reigning NFL DPOTY & Sack Leader Myles Garrett, coupled this with the previous trade for Trent McDuffie, we ask the question "Are they now officially a problem?"Join Mitch & Josh as they break down how these moves may have an impact on the Seahawks, the NFC West and the NFL as a whole.If you're a member of the Seahawks Nation or part of the UK 12s community, this is the live stream for you!

L'équipe des causeries revient sur la victoire du RCT face à l'UBB 27 à 22 pour le dernier match de la saison à MayolL'occasion de faire un point transfert après une semaine riche en news, prolongations départs et arrivées. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Send us Fan MailOpioid withdrawal dosing, intranasal breast milk, human milk fortification in Japan, neonatal dysphagia, and vaccine policy. A full week on the Incubator Journal Club.Ben opens with the Optimized NOW trial in JAMA: symptom-based dosing reduced time to medical readiness for discharge by nearly two and a half days in NOWS infants managed with Eat Sleep Console, and allowed 65% of pharmacologically treated infants to avoid scheduled opioids entirely.Daphna reviews a small RCT out of Turkey showing improved cerebral oxygenation and favorable vital sign trends after intranasal breast milk administration in preterm infants, adding to the growing tolerability data for this intervention.Ben then covers the JASMINE trial, a Phase 3 RCT in Japan showing significantly better weight gain velocity with an exclusive human milk diet in very low birth weight infants.Daphna closes with a retrospective cohort study on FEES-confirmed dysphagia in preterm infants. Of those who met criteria for evaluation, every single one had laryngeal penetration and 57% were aspirating.Ben and Eli close the week on the quiet dismantling of vaccine infrastructure in the US and what it means for the populations in your NICU.Support the showAs always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: nicupodcast@gmail.com. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below.Enjoy!

In this episode of Joint Ventures, hosts Jack Arnold, MBBS, PhD, an academic clinical lecturer in rheumatology at the University of Leeds, and Rihards Buss, MD, a consultant rheumatologist at Freeman Hospital, Newcastle, turn from osteoarthritis to the inflammatory arthritides — examining what early data in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and lupus can and cannot yet tell us about the role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in disease modification.“Everyone is talking about [GLP-1 RAs] and what it can do for our patients. Much more evidence is needed to be much more better understanding about increasing effects beyond weight loss is needed. And I think that evidence will be just coming out very rapidly, year by year… but I think this is not the case where we're going to wait for strong evidence, good quality RCT data before we start to start to use them,” Buss said.

Send us Fan MailDeep-dive into a 2026 cardiology review paper claiming seed oils reduce inflammation, exposing misrepresentations of cited clinical trials, and detailing how oxidized Ω-6 fats trigger inflammation.Companion article: Click HERETOPICS DISCUSSED:Seed Oil Profiles: Typical seed oils like sunflower are high in linoleic acid (omega-6 PUFA), while canola is higher in monounsaturated fats and resembles olive oil.Review Paper Critique: The 2026 JACC review falsely claims sunflower oil reduce inflammation like olive oil, citing an RCT that showed benefits only for canola and olive.RCT Analysis: In Iranian women with metabolic issues, switching to canola or olive oil lowered CRP by increasing MUFA and decreasing PUFA intake; sunflower oil produced no change.CRP Biology: CRP responds to oxidized lipids and cellular damage patterns, rising with exercise or infection and marking oxidized Ω-6 metabolites in modern diets.Oxidized Lipids: Ω-6 fats in LDL and cardiolipin oxidize easily, generating 4-HNE, MDA, and other signals that trigger immune clearance, similar to bacterial threats.Sterile Inflammation: High dietary linoleic acid causes chronic immune activation without pathogens, potentially contributing to metabolic and cardiovascular issues.PRACTICAL TAKEAWAYS:Prioritize monounsaturated fats from olive or avocado oil over high-linoleic seed oils like standard sunflower or soybean for lower oxidative stress potential.Check labels for high-oleic versions of sunflower oil, which shift the profile toward monounsaturated fats.Evaluate nutrition claims by examining original studies and fatty acid compositions rather than accepting review summaries at face value.Support the showHealth Products by M&M Partners:AquaTru: Water filtration devices that remove microplastics, metals, bacteria, and more from your drinking water. Through link, $100 off AquaTru Carafe, Classic & Under Sink Units; $300 off Freestanding models.OmegaQuant: At-home blood testing to see fatty acid profiles, including omega-3 fatty acids. Use link to see options and support M&M.SiPhox Health: Comprehensive, cost-effective bloodwork from the comfort of home. Use code TRIKOMES for 20% off.KetoCitra—Ketone body BHB + electrolytes formulated for kidney health. Use code MIND20 for 20% off any subscription (cancel anytime)SporesMD: Premium mushrooms products (gourmet mushrooms, nootropics, research). Use code 'nickjikomes' for 20% off.For all the ways you can support my efforts

Join Mitch & Josh as they talk about the possible cut candidates from the Seahawks current roster. Who is on the bubble? Who stays? Who goes? Find out our thoughts as we use the German Sea Hawkers roster builder to bring you our preliminary 53-man roster.If you're a member of the Seahawks Nation or part of the UK 12s community, this is the live stream for you!

Discover how the "Brain Energy Gap" drives cognitive decline and how ketones can rescue starving neurons. Dr. Stephen Cunnane explains the science of metabolic health, the BENEFIC trial, and how to fuel a hybrid brain for long-term longevity.Is Alzheimer's actually a fuel shortage in the brain? In this interview, world-renowned researcher Dr. Stephen Cunnane breaks down the "Brain Energy Gap", a critical metabolic deficit where the brain loses its ability to utilize glucose efficiently as we age. While this energy gap can lead to Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's, Dr. Cunnane's groundbreaking research, including the landmark BENEFIC trial, shows that ketones can bypass this blockage to provide a vital backup fuel source.We dive deep into the hybrid brain concept, exploring how Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCTs) and specific dietary shifts can "rescue" cognitive function by doubling brain ketone uptake. Dr. Cunnane also discusses the "double jeopardy" of insulin resistance and why managing metabolic health is the most promising frontier for preventing neurodegeneration. Whether you are interested in brain health, longevity, or the clinical applications of ketogenic metabolic therapy, this technical deep dive offers essential insights into the future of healthy aging

Jonathan Howard and Wendy Orent call this week their "Red Wedding": within days, FDA Commissioner Marty Makary resigned, Vinay Prasad was pushed out of CBER, Tracy Beth Hoeg was fired, and Senator Bill Cassidy lost his Louisiana primary. The hosts argue this is not a tragedy but a long-foretold collapse — a group of physicians who built careers as COVID-era contrarian podcasters discovering that running a regulatory agency is fundamentally different from posting about one. Howard works through the wreckage: Makary's reported approval of flavored nicotine products days before his ouster, the FDA's treatment of the rare disease community, the leaked memo claiming pediatric COVID vaccine deaths that career staff refused to sign off on, and the broader pattern of "regulatory whiplash" that drove the agency into dysfunction. The episode then turns to who is still standing — Jay Bhattacharya at NIH, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. at HHS — and what Kennedy is reportedly doing to vaccines from behind the scenes via Martin Kulldorff's review effort. Throughout, the hosts return to a single thesis: the skills that made Makary, Prasad, Hoeg, and Cassidy famous during COVID — opinion, tweeting, posturing — do not translate into running institutions, and the medical commentators who vouched for them (John Mandrola, Adam Cifu) have lost any remaining credibility. Key Topics Discussed Bill Cassidy's primary loss and the cost of the Kennedy confirmation vote Cassidy's earlier vote to convict Trump after January 6 followed by his decisive vote advancing RFK Jr. as HHS Secretary. Howard and Orent's view that Cassidy's promise to "keep Kennedy in line" was hollow from the start. What Cassidy's defeat signals about Trump's grip on the Republican base in Louisiana — and the hosts' read that his lame-duck status may give him cover to block the next round of HHS nominees. Marty Makary's resignation and the "worst FDA Commissioner in 25 years" framing The Stat News piece characterizing Makary's tenure, and the reporting that flavored nicotine was the precipitating issue with Trump's tobacco-industry donors. Howard's counterpoint: Makary reportedly approved a batch of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) on May 5, 2026 — the weekend before he resigned — undercutting the "principled stand" narrative. The pattern of selfie videos, public-facing performance, and what former FDA staff describe as hostile management of career scientists. Makary's pre-FDA record: the "medical error is the third leading cause of death" claim, Omicron as "nature's vaccine," "Omicold," herd immunity calls in May 2021, and the Nazi-bioweapon Lyme disease theory amplification. Vinay Prasad, regulatory whiplash, and the rare disease community How Prasad's stated preference for randomized controlled trials translated into rejection of rare disease therapies — and the disconnect between calling for RCTs on Twitter and the practical impossibility of running them for small patient populations. Right-to-try advocates, the libertarian wing of MAHA (Senator Ron Johnson), and why they turned on Prasad. Howard's point: Pfizer's halted COVID vaccine RCT in 50–65-year-olds is the case study — the trials Prasad demanded couldn't actually be enrolled. Tracy Beth Hoeg, the leaked pediatric deaths memo, and the Maryanne Demasi interview Hoeg's insistence she was fired, not resigned, and her interview with Brownstone Institute–adjacent journalist Maryanne Demasi. Her claim that the chaos at the FDA was "created by the media" rather than real. The memo alleging 10 pediatric deaths from the COVID vaccine that career FDA staff would not sign off on — and Howard's contrast with the J&J/thrombosis response, where nine deaths produced immediate, transparent action. Hoeg's role in the Denmark-style vaccine schedule rollback memo alongside Makary. The Makary–Prasad ZDoggMD clip on FDA "vindictiveness" — and the irony Audio pulled from a pre-appointment Prasad/Makary appearance describing the FDA as "erratic," "capricious," and politically pressured. Howard's read: every criticism they leveled at the Biden-era FDA describes their own tenure — political pressure from Trump, demoted career staff, inconsistent standards. The Peter Marks / Marion Gruber / Phil Krause booster episode reframed in light of what followed. John Mandrola, Adam Cifu, and the cost of vouching Mandrola's "Can We Give the New FDA's Leadership a Chance?" piece a year earlier — and the line about Prasad and Makary inducing companies to run proper RCTs, set against Pfizer's halted trial. Howard's account of an email exchange with Cifu following Cifu's visit to NYU — Howard's offer of a serious content-level conversation, and Cifu's decline. The broader "medical conservatives" project and what the hosts argue has happened to its credibility. Jay Bhattacharya, NIH, and the resignation letter from departing staff The letter from a senior NIH scientist on Bhattacharya's leadership — political termination of grants, deals institutions are making to recover funding, and Bhattacharya's silence. Howard and Orent's read on Bhattacharya's visible deterioration and his retreat into Great Barrington nostalgia. Kennedy's behind-the-scenes vaccine review and Martin Kulldorff The New York Times reporting (Christina Jewett and Sheryl Gay Stolberg) on Kennedy's vaccine inquiry being led by Kulldorff. Howard's pushback on the framing of Kulldorff as merely "a critic of restrictions and mandates" — and the 2020 record of his herd-immunity-through-infection advocacy, including his Stockholm "almost at herd immunity" claim in April 2020. The hosts' concern that the COVID amnesia project lets pandemic-era pro-infection figures re-enter regulatory power with their record sanitized. Casey Means, Surgeon General nomination withdrawal, and MAHA fracturing The withdrawn Surgeon General nomination and what it signals. The Robert Malone vs. Makary public falling-out over the unreleased pediatric deaths data. Why the MAHA coalition — held together by shared COVID grievance — is coming apart now that COVID has receded from headlines. Notable Moments On Cassidy: "He betrayed his oath as a physician, he betrayed the American people, and he's going down into the ignominious dust." — Wendy Orent On the Makary–Prasad–Hoeg trio: "The same skill sets that catapulted these guys to power — essentially being excellent podcasters — do not translate into leading a government agency of tens of thousands of employees that regulates 20 percent of the US economy." — Jonathan Howard On the legacy: "These guys are now cautionary tales for medical students. I would love to teach a course called 'Be the Opposite of Bill Cassidy, Marty Makary, Vinay Prasad, and Tracy Beth Hoeg.'" — Jonathan Howard On Bhattacharya: "His soul has been totally corrupted by the people who he teamed up with. You also see it in his face. He's not the same person that took the position." — Jonathan Howard References Mentioned in the Episode Stat News — "Why Marty Makary Was the Worst FDA Commissioner in 25 Years" Vinay Prasad's 2016 Stat News rebuttal of Makary's "medical error" claim David Gorski (Science-Based Medicine, 2016) — rebuttal of the medical-error-as-third-leading-cause-of-death claim Jonathan Howard, Science-Based Medicine — recent piece compiling Makary's COVID-era statements New York Times — Christina Jewett and Sheryl Gay Stolberg on Kennedy's vaccine inquiry Washington Post — "Ouster of RFK's Allies Tests MAHA-Trump Alliance" Ben Mazer, The Atlantic — on whether Makary and Prasad enacted lasting change Francis Lee — In COVID's Wake Alfred Crosby — America's Forgotten Pandemic Maryanne Demasi interview with Tracy Beth Hoeg MedPage Today — Makary and Prasad, "The Importance of Humility in Medicine" People Referenced Marty Makary — outgoing FDA Commissioner Vinay Prasad — former CBER Director Tracy Beth Hoeg — fired FDA official Senator Bill Cassidy (R-LA) — lost primary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. — HHS Secretary Jay Bhattacharya — NIH Director Martin Kulldorff — leading Kennedy's vaccine review Peter Marks — former CBER Director, Operation Warp Speed Bob Kadlec — Operation Warp Speed David Kessler — former FDA Commissioner (referenced) Marion Gruber and Phil Krause — former FDA vaccine reviewers John Mandrola and Adam Cifu — "medical conservative" commentators Robert Malone — anti-vaccine activist Casey Means — withdrawn Surgeon General nominee Senator Ron Johnson (R-WI) Representative Jake Auchincloss — opened FDA whistleblower line Art Caplan — bioethicist (retirement) Erica Schwartz — CDC Director nominee, unconfirmed  

Outside of pregnancy, guidelines emphasize diabetes self-management education and support to facilitate informed decision making, self-care behaviors, problem solving, and active collaboration with health care professionals. This includes, in those with good health literacy, the concept of patient-led self-titration of basal insulin results which has data that it improves glycemic management compared with clinician-led titration for type 2 diabetes among nonpregnant adults. But what about for GDM? Can patient's self manage their BASAL insulin? In this episode, we will review a new RCT published in April 2026 in the Green Journal on this very subject. As novel as this is, it is not the first to report on this as it was also published (retrospective study in the UK) in 2022. This is a novel approach to insulin in GDM but there are some questions that remain. Listen in for details.1. Boonpattharatthiti K, Wechkunanukul K, Mayang N, et al . Comparison of Insulin Titration Strategies for Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Diabetes Care. 2025. 2. Valent, Amy M. DO, MCR; Barbour, Linda A. MD, MSPH. Insulin Management for Gestational and Type 2 Diabetes in Pregnancy. Obstetrics & Gynecology 144(5):p 633-647, November 2024. | DOI: 10.1097/AOG.00000000000056403. Wang, Xiao-Yu MD; Gabbe, Steven MD; Landon, Mark B. MD; Venkatesh, Kartik K. MD, PhD et al. Patient-Led Insulin Titration for Glycemic Management With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obstetrics & Gynecology 147(4):p 501-509, April 2026. 4. McGovern AP, Hirwa KD, Wong AK, et al. Patient-led rapid titration of basal insulin in gestational diabetes is associated with improved glycaemic control and lower birthweight. Diabet Med. 2022;39:e14926. doi: 10.1111/dme.14926

Quais são as profissões mais ameaçadas pela inteligência artificial? E de que forma a IA pode transformar o ensino? Bernardo Caldas e Hugo van der Ding analisam os sinais da automação no mercado de trabalho e na educação das gerações futuras.Nos últimos três anos, as vagas para juniores em áreas mais expostas à IA caíram 30% a 40%, à medida que tarefas repetitivas, analíticas e administrativas são substituídas por algoritmos. Mas estarão apenas os empregos menos qualificados em risco?Neste episódio, o especialista em IA e o comunicador observam que também as profissões altamente especializadas estão ameaçadas – a começar, ironicamente, pelos engenheiros tecnológicos, mas atingindo, igualmente, advogados, consultores e médicos, sobretudo em especialidades de diagnóstico.Mas nem tudo são más notícias: numa época em que o desemprego se mantém em níveis historicamente baixos, a IA também pode ter impactos positivos na educação, ao democratizar o acesso à informação entre diferentes estratos sociais.A dupla discute ainda os desafios e oportunidades desta revolução — e porque é que o pensamento crítico, uma visão integrada do mundo e a «motivação intrínseca» serão competências decisivas no futuro.Para acompanhar a velocidade das transformações em curso, não perca este episódio do [IN]Pertinente.LINKS E REFERÊNCIAS ÚTEISBASTANI et al., «Generative AI without guardrails can harm learning: Evidence from high school mathematics», (PNAS 122(26), 2025)BRYNJOLFSSON, CHANDAR & CHEN, «Canaries in the Coal Mine?» (Stanford Digital Economy Lab, 2025)DELL'ACQUA, MOLLICK et al., «Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier» (Harvard/BCG, 2023)KESTIN et al., «AI tutoring outperforms in-class active learning: an RCT», (Scientific Reports, 2025)DE SIMONE et al., «From Chalkboards to Chatbots: Evaluating the Impact of Generative AI on Learning Outcomes in Nigeria», (World Bank WPS 11125, 2025)ACEMOGLU, Autor & JOHNSON, «The Direction of AI», (NBER WP 34854, 2026)GARICANO-RAYO, «AI and the Expertise Leverage Ratio», (CEPR DP 20634, 9/9, 2025)LEE et al. (Microsoft + CMU), «The Impact of Generative AI on Critical Thinking», (CHI 2025)CAPLAN, «The Case Against Education» (Princeton UP, 2018)BJORK & BJORK, «Making things hard on yourself, but in a good way», (Gernsbacher et al., Psychology and the Real World, 2011)RYAN & DECI, «Self-Determination Theory», (American Psychologist, 2000)RISKO & GILBERT, «Cognitive offloading», (Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 2016)MOLLICK & MOLLICK, «Assigning AI: Seven Approaches for Students, with Prompts», (SSRN 4475995, 2023)BIOSBernardo CaldasEspecialista em inteligência artificial e cofundador da associação «Data Science for Social Good Portugal», uma associação que desenvolve projetos de ciência de dados e inteligência artificial com impacto social positivo.Hugo van der Ding Locutor, criativo e desenhador acidental. Criador de personagens digitais de sucesso como a «Criada Malcriada» e «Cavaca a Presidenta», autor de um dos podcasts mais ouvidos em Portugal, «Vamos Todos Morrer», também escreve para teatro e, atualmente, apresenta o programa «Duas Pessoas a Fazer Televisão», na RTP, com Martim Sousa Tavares. 

Does GABA Actually Help With Sleep? What the Research Says for Brain Injury Recovery Someone in our community recently asked me about GABA for sleep. They’d seen it recommended online, understood that sleep was critical for their recovery, and wanted to know whether the supplement was worth exploring or just noise. It’s a genuinely good question. And it deserves a proper answer. In this post, I’m going to walk you through what GABA is, what the clinical research actually shows about its effect on sleep, why the blood-brain barrier debate matters (and why it might not derail the whole argument), and what the evidence says about the relationship between sleep and brain recovery. By the end, you’ll have enough to have an informed conversation with your medical team. I’m not a doctor. I’m a three-time haemorrhagic stroke survivor who has spent years researching the science of brain recovery and interviewing hundreds of clinicians and survivors on the Recovery After Stroke podcast. What I offer is a careful read of the evidence, not a clinical prescription. What Is GABA and Why Does It Matter for Sleep? GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the brain’s primary inhibitory neurotransmitter. If your nervous system were a car, GABA is the brake pedal. It reduces neuronal excitability, quiets cortical arousal, suppresses the brain’s primary arousal centre (the locus coeruleus), and modulates the HPA axis, the stress-response system that drives cortisol. Most sedative medications work by amplifying GABA activity. Benzodiazepines, for instance, bind to GABA-A receptors to increase chloride channel opening, producing their calming effect. GABA isn’t doing something unusual here – it’s doing something fundamental. The question with supplemental oral GABA is more specific: Does taking GABA as a capsule or powder actually produce meaningful neurological effects? What Does the Research Show? Finding 1 — Oral GABA Reduces Sleep Latency (and EEG Can Measure It) A 2015 clinical trial published in the Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology by Yamatsu and colleagues used EEG measurement, actual brainwave monitoring, rather than self-reported sleep questionnaires. One hundred milligrams of oral GABA shortened sleep latency (time to fall asleep) by 5.3 minutes compared to placebo. That might sound modest. But for someone lying awake for 30–40 minutes each night, it’s a meaningful shift. Crucially, this was objective neurophysiological data, not a survey response. (PMID: 26052150) Finding 2 — A 90-Day RCT Showed Improved Sleep Efficiency and Mood A 2024 randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial published in the Journal of Dietary Supplements (Guimarães et al.) gave 200 mg of GABA daily for 90 days to sedentary overweight women also undergoing an exercise program. The GABA group showed significantly improved Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores, significantly reduced depression scores, and improved heart rate variability, a marker of parasympathetic nervous system activity. The HRV finding is particularly interesting. It suggests GABA may be doing something broader than simply reducing sleep latency – it appears to support the overall physiological state that makes rest restorative. (PMID: 38321713) Finding 3 — But a High-Dose RCT Found No Effect Here’s where intellectual honesty matters. A 2023 Dutch RCT (de Bie et al.) published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition gave participants 500 mg of GABA three times daily, 1,500 mg/day total, and found no significant effect on self-reported sleep quality. Fasting plasma GABA wasn’t significantly elevated either, raising real bioavailability questions at that dose. This isn’t a reason to dismiss GABA entirely. It is a reason to pay attention to the dose. The evidence base supports 100–300 mg, not 1,500 mg. Higher is not better, and the non-linear dose response is clinically important. (PMID: 37495019) The Blood-Brain Barrier Debate — and Why the Gut May Be the Point The most common objection to oral GABA supplementation is this: GABA is a zwitterion at physiological pH, meaning it has low lipophilicity and poor predicted ability to cross the blood-brain barrier via passive diffusion. So if it can’t get into the brain directly, how does it produce neurological effects? The emerging explanation involves the gut-brain axis. The enteric nervous system, your gut’s own neural network, has GABA receptors. When oral GABA activates these enteric receptors, it can signal the brain via vagal afferents without needing to cross the BBB at all. Think of it as a side door rather than the front entrance. Supporting this: a 2024 RCT (Li et al.) found that a probiotic strain engineered to increase gut GABA production significantly improved objective sleep duration as measured by wearable devices, alongside reduced cortisol and suppressed HPA axis activity. The mechanism wasn’t direct CNS access – it was gut-brain signalling. (PMID: 39385735) The BBB debate doesn’t negate the clinical effect. It changes how we understand the mechanism. Why Sleep Is Not Optional in Brain Recovery This is the part that I think gets underweighted in recovery conversations — and the research is unambiguous. A 2026 large retrospective cohort study (Muhtar et al., Sleep Medicine) matched over 35,000 stroke patients and found that post-stroke insomnia was associated with a 29% higher risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment and a 30% higher risk of all-cause dementia. The association with Alzheimer’s disease was also significant. (PMID: 41924789) A 2024 observational study from Monash University and Alfred Health (Smith et al.) found that in stroke rehabilitation patients, poor sleep quality was significantly associated with higher fatigue severity and lower salivary BDNF gene expression. BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is one of the primary molecular drivers of neuroplasticity. Less BDNF means a less receptive environment for the neurological rewiring that rehab is trying to build. (PMID: 38802847) And then there’s the glymphatic system: the brain’s waste-clearance mechanism that is most active during deep sleep. Poor sleep means reduced clearance of metabolic byproducts, including proteins associated with neurodegeneration. This is not a theoretical risk. It is an active, ongoing process. Sleep is not passive recovery. It is one of the primary mechanisms of recovery. What to Do With This Information Here are three practical steps if you’re exploring GABA for sleep: 1. Measure your sleep baseline first. Use the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (freely available online) before you make any changes. Understanding whether you’re struggling with latency, duration, or quality will determine what you actually need to address. 2. If you trial GABA, choose the right form and dose. Look for PharmaGABA — naturally fermented GABA, derived from Lactobacillus hilgardii, which has the strongest clinical evidence base. A dose of 100–300 mg taken 30–60 minutes before bed is consistent with the positive studies. Avoid very high doses; the null result at 1,500 mg/day is important context. Important drug interaction note: If you are taking benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants (gabapentin, pregabalin, valproate), or any other GABAergic medication, discuss GABA supplementation with your prescriber before adding it. The additive sedative effect is a real risk. The same applies if you drink alcohol regularly. 3. Don’t skip the foundation. Sleep hygiene interventions, consistent sleep and wake times, a dark and cool room, and no screens in the 60 minutes before bed, are consistently among the highest-leverage sleep interventions in the literature. GABA may provide a genuine incremental benefit. But it cannot compensate for a fundamentally disrupted sleep environment. The Bottom Line The evidence for GABA and sleep is more substantive than I expected when I started researching it. The EEG data is real. The 90-day RCT showed meaningful clinical outcomes. The gut-brain axis mechanism is biologically plausible and now has direct RCT support. And the consequences of poor sleep in neurological recovery are not trivial – they are quantifiable, significant, and, to a degree, addressable. GABA is not a guaranteed fix. Individual responses vary. The research is not yet definitive at the level of large multi-centre trials in neurological populations. But as one tool in a comprehensive approach to sleep quality alongside good sleep hygiene, appropriate medical support, and consistent rehabilitation, the case for cautious exploration is reasonable. The next step is a conversation with your neurologist, GP, or rehab physician. Take the research with you if it’s useful. Research References All studies cited in this post are retrievable via PubMed: Yamatsu et al. — GABA sleep latency EEG clinical trial (2015) — PMID: 26052150 Guimarães et al. — GABA 200mg RCT, sleep efficiency + mood (2024) — PMID: 38321713 de Bie et al. — GABA high-dose RCT, null sleep result (2023) — PMID: 37495019 Li et al. — Gut-brain GABA axis and sleep RCT (2024) — PMID: 39385735 Muhtar et al. — Post-stroke insomnia and cognitive decline cohort (2026) — PMID: 41924789 Smith et al. — Sleep, BDNF, and fatigue in stroke rehabilitation (2024) — PMID: 38802847 This post is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making changes to your supplementation or treatment plan. If you or someone you care about is recovering from a stroke, brain injury, or any neurological condition, the Recovery After Stroke podcast and this blog exist for you. Subscribe on YouTube @BillGasiamis, or visit Recovery After Stroke to find episodes, resources, and community. The post GABA, Sleep, and Brain Health – Neurological Recovery appeared first on Recovery After Stroke.

Avsnitt 224 av Hälsoveckan by Tyngre handlar om två olika ämnen. Först ut är en bra utförd RCT där man visat att ett tillskott av pastöriserade bakterier med namnet Akkermansia muciniphila hjälper människor hålla vikten efter en snabb och stor viktnedgång. Trots att bakterierna alltså dör när de blir pastöriserade så påverkar alltså tillskottet tarmfloran vilket i sin tur verkar ha haft positiva effekter på deltagarnas metabolism och inflammation samtidigt som viktnedgången hölls bättre jämfört med placebo. Du hittar hela studien här: Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucT for weight loss maintenance in people with overweight and obesity: a controlled randomized trial. Nästa ämne är en artikel från några kända nämna kring ultraprocessad mat och NOVA klassificeringen. I artikeln tar man upp förslag på hur man skulle kunna använda en definition på ultraprocessad mat som även hade fungerat när det gäller regler och policies kring mat. Men vi tycker mest att de bara har hittat på ett nytt ord för onyttigt samtidigt som deras förslag till förändringar innebär att den tidigare forskningen på ultraprocessad mat som använt en annan definition inte blir helt relevant. På Hälsoveckan by Tyngres instagram kan du hitta bilder relaterat till detta och tidigare avsnitt. Hålltider (00:00:00) Introsnack med kort kritik mot VM-låten (00:03:06) Döda bakterier hjälper folk hålla vikten efter viktnedgång (00:24:41) Ännu ett nytt förslag på hur man ska definiera Ultra processad mat

Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) represents the most severe end of the nausea and vomiting of pregnancy spectrum. It has a reported incidence of approximately 0.3–3% of pregnancies and is the most common cause of hospitalization in early pregnancy and the second most common cause of hospitalization in pregnancy overall. In June 2024, the ACOG published a Clinical Expert series summarizing the inpatient management of HG. In that guidance, it describes mirtazapine as an “alternative pharmacologic” option. How effective is this medication compared to ondansetron? A new study (published ahead of print on 12/30/25 and officially out June 2026), out of Denmark, sheds some new light on this medication. This trial is the first double-blind RCT comparing mirtazapine to ondansetron AND placebo. Although a BIG limitation of this study exists (which we will discuss), it does provide some interesting insights. Listen in for details.1. (ACOG CES) Clark, Shannon M. MD; Zhang, Xue MD; Goncharov, Daphne Arena MD. Inpatient Management of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Obstetrics & Gynecology 143(6):p 745-758, June 2024. | DOI: 10.1097/AOG.00000000000055182. Ostenfeld, AnneDroogh, Marjoes et al.Mirtazapine or ondansetron for hyperemesis gravidarum. A randomized placebo-controlled trial. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, June 2026

Send us Fan MailCerebral oxygenation, staffing economics, delivery room scoring, neurodevelopmental prognostication, and public health — a full week on the Incubator Journal Club.Ben walks through the NIRTURE trial, a single-device RCT testing cerebral oximetry-guided care in infants born under 29 weeks. The intervention dramatically reduced the burden of cerebral hypoxia and hyperoxia compared to standard care. Secondary clinical outcomes were neutral and neurodevelopmental follow-up is still pending. The question of whether stabilizing cerebral oxygenation actually moves the needle for these babies remains unanswered.Daphna covers a brief communication from the Journal of Perinatology on what happens to billing and productivity when NICUs shift to 24-hour in-house attending coverage. Clinical FTE went up, work RVUs went down — and the reason is counterintuitive. Attendings present overnight were weaning babies faster. Better care, less revenue. The coding system was not built to capture that.Ben then pairs the 5-minute Apgar with umbilical artery pH in very preterm infants using EPICE cohort data. When both are low, risk is highest. When they compete, the Apgar wins.Daphna rounds out Journal Club with a systematic review showing that combining EEG and brain MRI outperforms either tool alone for neurodevelopmental prognostication in preterm infants.The week closes with Ben and Eli on the sweeping domestic and international public health funding cuts — and what they mean for the vulnerable populations in your NICU.Support the showAs always, feel free to send us questions, comments, or suggestions to our email: nicupodcast@gmail.com. You can also contact the show through Instagram or Twitter, @nicupodcast. Or contact Ben and Daphna directly via their Twitter profiles: @drnicu and @doctordaphnamd. The papers discussed in today's episode are listed and timestamped on the webpage linked below.Enjoy!

Spencer Jones, Founder of XO Medtech and MedtechVendors.com, shares how frontline nursing experiences led him to patent vascular access innovations and ultimately take devices from idea to FDA clearance and product launch. Spencer walks through learning business fundamentals through accelerators, raising early funding, and building sales and distribution networks, then explains why launching a digital-first, AI-native ecosystem has enabled faster, leaner execution than traditional medtech pathways. Spencer also discusses leadership, clear communication, and why AI adoption is essential to accelerate and de-risk early-stage medtech.  Guest links: https://www.linkedin.com/in/medtech-innovation/ | www.xomedtech.com | https://medtechvendors.com/  Charity supported: Polaris Project Interested in being a guest on the show or have feedback to share? Email us at theleadingdifference@velentium.com.  PRODUCTION CREDITS Host & Editor: Lindsey Dinneen Producer: Velentium Medical   EPISODE TRANSCRIPT Episode 080 - Spencer Jones [00:00:00] Lindsey Dinneen: Hi, I'm Lindsey and I'm talking with MedTech industry leaders on how they change lives for a better world. [00:00:09] Diane Bouis: The inventions and technologies are fascinating and so are the people who work with them. [00:00:15] Frank Jaskulke: There was a period of time where I realized, fundamentally, my job was to go hang out with really smart people that are saving lives and then do work that would help them save more lives. [00:00:28] Diane Bouis: I got into the business to save lives and it is incredibly motivating to work with people who are in that same business, saving or improving lives. [00:00:38] Duane Mancini: What better industry than where I get to wake up every day and just save people's lives. [00:00:42] Lindsey Dinneen: These are extraordinary people doing extraordinary work, and this is The Leading Difference. Hello, and welcome back to another episode of The Leading Difference podcast. I'm your host Lindsey, and today I'm delighted to welcome to the show Spencer Jones. Spencer is the founder at XO Medtech and MedTechvendors.com. He is an RN, MedTech entrepreneur with 12 years of med device leadership. He's a two time med device CEO with 10 plus patents under his belt and has taken devices from idea to FDA clearance and product launch. Spencer has built sales and distribution networks, led product development teams, and raised over 10 million in VC and Angel Capital. Spencer founded XO MedTech in 2024 to create a digital first medtech ecosystem, deploy AI native tools for medtech operators through medtechvendors.com and cultivate the next generation of medtech innovators. All right, Spencer, welcome to the podcast. Thanks for being here. [00:01:43] Spencer Jones: Thank you for having me, Lindsey. I'm very, very excited to be here. Like it's, it's always more fun to be a guest than it is to host the pod, so absolutely thrilled to be a guest on the pod. Thank you for having me. [00:01:54] Lindsey Dinneen: Of course. Absolutely. Well, yeah, let's just, if you won't, don't mind just sharing a little bit about yourself, your background and what led you to medtech. [00:02:04] Spencer Jones: Yeah. Born and raised in Arkansas. I've lived, I traveled a ton and lived in Memphis and whatnot, but grew up in a healthcare household. Dad did anesthesia for, what was it, 36 years or something at the same place. So I thought I was gonna be a CRNA, like actually started pre-med. Took chemistry my freshman year while I was, you know, it was just, I got a C and I was like, maybe, maybe med school's not for me. But but anyways, did the nursing school thing, got out, started working, pretty quickly, knew if you've ever spent any amount of time in frontline healthcare, you just kind of get, it's like a barrage of things that suck. It's just, especially nursing, the devices you're using are commoditized. Like just the workflows are bad. You know, people, it's, healthcare is very broken. Every, it's no secret. Everybody says that. Everybody knows that. So anyways, I noticed pretty quickly that hey, like why isn't this better? Why can't this be like this? And, you know, kind of had that mindset. And before I could even go through like critical care enough to apply to a CRNA school, ended up patenting some devices in the vascular access space. Really leveraged accelerator programs and the entrepreneurial support organizations that were in my area, in my region to, I call it that get that dirt money, which is like the before the seed, you know, your pre kind of, your pre-seed /seed you know, before the pre-seed money. And, and also like the business training, right? Like I wasn't formally trained on business stuff like that. So did that. Did the venture capital hamster wheel a little bit, took a, you know, device through class two de novo clearance. Was doing ride-alongs training, sales reps, doing marketing stuff, you know, managing our ip, managing clinical you know, 300 patient RCT that we had to do in the middle of COVID, launched the product and then past couple years, I left, left that company in 2022. Products still on the market and they got, you know, clearance in, in Europe now and et cetera, et cetera. But just been working more in laparoscopic spine or laparoscopic surgery orthopedic spine and then doing some like consulting projects and, and things like that. And then yeah, XO Medtech and Medtech Vendors that's been. You know, for the past two years, like a big focus. And I know we're gonna talk more about that, but yeah. So it's just been, it's been a great journey. Medtech is one of my --I love it and hate it at the same time, but I wouldn't wanna be doing anything else, frankly. So. [00:04:17] Lindsey Dinneen: Awesome. That's a great intro. Okay. You were, I really, I enjoyed how you sort of went straight from okay, so, so "I, you know, started the career, started in the industry, and then I, I, you know, got a bunch of patents." What were the ideas for the patents? Where did those come from? If we could just go back, how did that, what was that inspiration like? [00:04:39] Spencer Jones: Yeah. So I was night shift, med-surg, big, pretty big hospital in Little Rock. It was like one of the, one of the bigger ones in Little Rock, St. Vincent's, which is like CHI, St. Vincent, et cetera. And like one of my patients --well the, the very first one was a dual lumen peripheral IV. A patient has a peripheral IV in, I need to get a blood draw. They're like, "Go stick his other arm." I'm like, "Why can't we get it out of his, you know, IV that's in his, that's in his forearm?" And, and they were like, "Well, you, you know, you don't want to contaminate, you know, the thing." And I was like, "Oh, okay. That kind of makes sense." And I was like, well, PICC lines have two lumens. So you know, I was like, why couldn't, you know, why couldn't we just have a second lumen on, you know? And I was like, do those exist? And they didn't really exist. There was kind of one that existed, but it was more of like a longer extended dwell peripheral and you know, you kind of needed ultrasound to place it. You didn't really place, you know, normal nurses on the floor weren't gonna place it. And so I kind of, that one was just sheer-- I experienced something that I was like, "Dude, you're kidding me. There's gotta be a better way to do this." You know what I mean? And you know, kind of similar approach in that one. We, you know, that was the very first one so I was like doing these drawings on note cards and then like meeting with a patent attorney and I was like, did that provisional filing and wrote the patent myself and the claims and all this stuff. And the guy thought I was like, just " Okay, yeah, I'll, I'll file the provisional for you, bro, whatever." Filed the provisional, you know, ended up like going to a different attorney 'cause that guy was kind of just not taking me seriously. And so, ended up going to a different person, filed a non-pro provisional, started raising all this money, and that original attorney reached out later, was like, "Oh, so glad, glad to see blah, blah, blah." I was like, "Yeah, yeah, whatever." But then the second one, I, which was Safe Break Vascular, had the, it's kind of similar. Patient was like, had patients pulling out their IVs, pulling out lines, you know, and it's a million things. It's, it's walkie talkie, so like Alzheimer's, dementia, memory care type stuff. You, it's TBIs, it's agitation, sundowners. It's, you're coming off medication, you're drowsy, you forget, you're hooked up. You need to go to the bathroom. You trip on it. The nurse trips on the tubing. There's like a million reasons how, you know. Where mechanical force can get applied to an IV line. And same thing, I was just like, man, like this, it, it feels holding on for dear life is like the wrong approach because skin is only so strong. You get skin tears. Adhesives, you only want them to be so, you know, so, so strong. And it just, you know, it, wrapping it up, then you can't assess the site, you can get infiltration. So it didn't feel like any of the options we had were great. That one, I started to do patent research literally on the floor at the hospital. Like that night. I was like, I, 'cause I knew enough then found someone that had patented it. Like same exact concept. It was a nurse. And design was bad. Like the design, it had springs in it and it was just like not manufacturable and not a good design, but there were like conceptually it was like spot on. And then there were some elements of it that I was like, this would be very useful to have if I was gonna like actually do this. So me and somebody I'd met, and in accelerator program, we bought the patent from 'em for 20 grand which was a steal of a deal. It was like 10K up front, 10K after 18 months. And yeah. And then we turned around and raised a, you know, million dollar seed round within like, within nine months after acquiring the patent, got into an accelerator, ZeroTo510, shout out to them. But acquired the patent in February. Got it, or March, got into ZeroTo510, April. Went there in May, closed our seed round of a million in December, so it was like a nine month, yeah, ordeal. [00:08:03] Lindsey Dinneen: Wow. That's okay. That's awesome. I love the story. I love the fact that it was from boots on the ground going, "Okay, I see this problem. There's gotta be a better solution." That's super cool. So. All right, so you have these patents, you're going and you're working with accelerators. Can you tell us a little bit about what that experience was like, especially since you mentioned, you know, you didn't necessarily have the business background, so there was, there was probably a bit of a learning curve to that whole, you know, how do you get your idea from your, your note card drawing to commercialization. So I'd just love to hear about your experience. [00:08:35] Spencer Jones: Yeah. The, so I did one accelerator before ZeroTo510. It, I basically did two within about a year, a year of each other. It was like back to back to back. But the first one I did, it was industry agnostic. So it was just a lot of like mentorship and lean canvas startup methodology kind of business practice stuff like accounting 101, you know, building financial forecasts and models and like all of that stuff. So I really learned a ton about kind of just non device specific stuff there. Obviously I was learning a ton about device stuff along the way, but then once I got to ZeroTo510, that's when things kind of like really, you know-- and I had, I had won, I won that first accelerator. It was like a competition, and so I had 150K. And I was like, "Oh wow. So maybe, maybe this is gonna be a career path," 'cause I was still working full-time as a nurse and then I got into the second one. ZeroTo510 was amazing. Allan Daisley was running it. James Bell was like the co-director, I think, and it was like bootcamp. It was like, you know, 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. It was like sessions and mentor hours and office hours and " Alright, we're done with that. You guys work on this for an hour and a half, we're gonna come back and talk about like the finished product and you better have it done." You know what I mean? And it was every day. I lived up at this building. It was amazing sponge mode. You know, it was one of those environments where you're just like constantly soaking it in and learning and learning and like you can feel your brain expanding like every day. You know, you wake up excited. And that one was amazing. Met a ton of people that I still work with today. You know, met my co-founder at XO Medtech. Met him at that accelerator. But yeah, it was just, that one was amazing. I was like, life changing. Came back from that and I was like, "This is what I was meant to do." I felt like I you know, found my calling. And so, yeah, shout out to the people there that you know, we're a part of that. [00:10:20] Lindsey Dinneen: Love it. Excellent. So, okay, so you found your co-founder for XO Medtech, and this is great because I wanted to dive into that. So, so you've, you've now successfully taken like several products to market and of course you have a lot of other great industry experience. What was, how was it different starting XO Medtech and Medtech Vendors than perhaps other things that you'd done in the past? [00:10:47] Spencer Jones: Yeah. You know, I'm gonna say it was way easier just to be honest. I mean, I mean, you know, I think we, we were doing a lot. We started building XO Medtech in 2022, 2023, and at that time a lot of it was like, it was really focused on the community and the training platform and the resources and kind of all the videos and things that we put in there. Which I still like to this day, will stand on it, that like there, if you're an early stage innovator and you're, you wanna like kind of internally like level yourself up, right? There's no better place than like XO Medtech and the training and inside there to do that, right? But, but yeah, it was we started doing it at a time when AI was starting to become, like Chat GBT, what was it, four was coming out or whatever. So we started it kind of before the wave and then as we were continuing to build it in like 2023 which was like the meat of us building it. It was like kind of starting to become more of a thing, but we still weren't really using it that much. But then as we really went into kind of like launch and growth mode in 2024, it was just like a huge tailwind and like being able and, and it continues to be. But like not having to raise, you know, three, four, $5 million to get a business off the ground and to get to a point where you can start selling something is just incredible. I mean, like we are, we are so agile and can move so quickly and, you know, we don't have any investors. We don't want any investors. So like our speed at which we can move is unbelievable. And coming from somewhere where it's " Oh, you wanna put out something for marketing? Route it through the quality management system and like maybe it goes out in two weeks." You know, we can go from like idea to feature in a week. You know what I mean, you know, let alone like idea to like press release, right? That's 10 minutes if we want to be, right? So really it's just, it's a lot easier and this takes nothing away. There's some incredibly rewarding parts of kind of my, like my medtech journey and stuff like that, like the day we got FDA clearance and, and X, Y, and z whatever date, you know, first sale and getting our first GPO contract. But it's, it's definitely more I would say day to day, just like the exhilarating agility, excitement type stuff that you like, don't really get with with me. And I'm not, I'm not taking anything away from, I'm still a medtech person through and through and I'm sure at some at some point I'll you know, do another device. We're developing another device at Lapovations, so, in combo spine. So my hands are still in it, but I love, love, love what we do at XO Medtech. It's so much fun. [00:13:11] Lindsey Dinneen: Awesome. Well, I love hearing that. So tell us a little bit about both XO Medtech and Medtech Vendors and yeah, their, their focuses. [00:13:21] Spencer Jones: Yeah. So I think, you know, like I said, we started XO Medtech and it's, it's a online community. So think like Skool, like S-K-O-O-L School or Circle, or there's some other Mighty Networks, like one of the-- we use Circle-- but you know, it's whether you're ideation or just like curious about medtech all the way through like series A really, you know, we've got, you know, there's community feed, people are posting. I mean, we posted you know, Project Medtech, you know, event stuff, discounts a lot of exclusive stuff where, I think we added, it was like three or $4,000 worth of discounts. Like just for being like once you join XO Medtech. But then there's that primary feed people, it's like a massive exchange of value and it's it's not like LinkedIn. There's no promotion. Like we base, we will take your post down if you're like nakedly promoting your own stuff or your services, whatever. The whole point of it is to be massive exchange of value. So you know, "Hey, we did some like really cool testing, ETO sterilization testing on coil tubing to see how it retained its memory. Here's what we found, your pictures," you know what I mean? Just stuff like that where it's like kind of giving people behind the, behind the curtain peaks at your own organizations or that kind of, those, those moments of alpha, those nuggets that you've found and just sharing it so you can have you know, and they're doing the same and everybody's better for it. But then we have a training course and then some other like mini courses, probably a couple dozen downloadable resources. So these are like, you know, prebuilt, proformas, budget forecasts, you know, IP stuff, due diligence type stuff, like stuff to help you with, get your data room beef, you know, beefed up and looking good. And we do videos. There's some live events every now and then. So, so that was very focused on the founder side, you know what I mean, like the entrepreneur side. We, you know, my co-founder used to run a med device, venture studio, so like doing like business engineering, business development, engineering, you know, kind of market related stuff for like early stage, largely like clinician and inventors and stuff like that. He used to run a, a, a group that did that. And we knew we wanted to kind of start to do more offerings that kind of for that side of the table, like the CDMO contract manufacturer design and development group side of the table. So we launched, we started building MedTechVendors.com and launched it in 2025, February, 2025. And then did kinda a relaunch with adding some like agentic AI features in I think at the end of the summer last year. But it, but at its core, I always say this analogy, it's like Angie's List, right? You know, Angie's List, what do they do? Well, it connects people with local pros. Allows them to like, evaluate, engage them really easily, you know, get, get their stuff done quickly from trusted people. You know what I mean? So we have the same approach. We help device teams, and that could be device teams at large, medium, small, or startup organizations or tech transfer offices, whoever we help those device teams find, evaluate, and engage contract manufacturers, CDMOs testing facilities, design and development groups, one man band engineers, whatever through the platform. We have an an ag agentic AI chat. So like it'll ask you questions about your device. It'll start recommending, "Hey, do you need this? Do you need these types of services? Are you looking for this type of vendor? This type of vendor?" It pre-populates forms. It generates matches for you. You can review each vendor's profile, one click get email intros or request quotes, and we're adding some some really cool additional features around some different like skills that you can run. So, think like a reimbursement skill or market a, you know, different predicate device selection skill, whatever. And so those are all gonna be like linked up to the to this kind of AI agent. I don't wanna say too much 'cause we're still building it. I'm like really excited about, but there's other things that we're adding to it. The ability to do quote, visualization you know, and trying to make it kind of a, you know, a home away from home, a hub where you can track execution, get things done, engage vendors, and kind of evolve it more laterally in kind of the lifecycle journey. Not just " Hey, I'm looking for a vendor," 'cause that's a very acute point in time in a, you know, in a person's journey. But trying to expand it out to say the period of time when you're doing X and Y and Z and looking for a vendor so we can get some really was sticky, more sticky use and add more value. So, that was that. And we've started really focusing on some more like intimate, I would say, engagements with CDMOs contract manufacturers focused on giving their sales and marketing teams massive, massive leverage using AI and ai, AI native tools. [00:17:35] Lindsey Dinneen: Awesome. That's really cool. Yeah. Okay, so going back a little bit to the, to XO Medtech, I know you know you, you mentioned that there's a lot of resources available, but one of the things that I think is super cool, and I would love if you just share a little bit more about this, is you have a course that-- i don't remember the name off the top of my head-- but it's basically sort of Medtech Innovation 101. It's, I think... [00:18:00] Spencer Jones: Yeah, The Playbook. [00:18:00] Lindsey Dinneen: Call it like-- The Playbook! And you call it like the MBA for somebody who needs to learn. So can you just share the value of that and sort of what, what made you go, "Okay. I have, you know, the expertise in all these different areas enough to be able to share the journey from start to finish." [00:18:19] Spencer Jones: Yeah, absolutely. I think like the, the value there partially comes-- I mean, I think speaking about the value, you gotta speak about kind of like why there was a gap there, like how it, why it didn't exist, whatever. There's just a lot of really bad content in medtech. You know, there's a lot of stuff that reads I mean, there's guidance documents, you know, ISO and this and that. Like those are tough reads, right? And then, you know, the, the content around " "here's how you really fundamentally apply these guidance documents and here's how all this fits together." And it just felt like everything was I don't know what the opposite of like inside baseball is, right? Like that kind of " Hey, here's what you really need to know." Whatever the opposite of that is, is how medtech content felt like to me everywhere. It was just like polished press releases, really, like consulting speak. You know, "You gotta be strategic with your analysis." It's okay "You know, you know, you gotta find your champions." "How do I find them? What do I tell them? You know, how do I engage them?" So it was just, that was the big gap. So I think the value, what we tried to do with The Playbook was, you know, give, like I said, pre-seed all the way through Series A, the right information, like the right depth, on the right topics in the right order with the right assets, so resources, downloads, all that stuff along the way so that you can go cradle to grave on this, basically be a novice, or we've had people that have launched products and gone through it and they were like, "Holy crap, I wish I would've had this five years ago." But the whole idea is to basically not make you a supreme expert on any one of those topics. There's 46 different lessons, 47, and like you can get through each one in probably 20 minutes, right, 15 minutes. But not to make you an expert on each individual topic, but to give you like a dangerous level of information on any one, and then make you able to dive deeper on any of them, you know, very quickly and easily. So like when you meet with your, you know, a regulatory consultant or an IP attorney, or go down the list, you are not, they're not saying words you don't know for the most part. You're not paying them $300 an hour or $500 an hour to educate you on definitions and concepts. Right? You're, you're applying principles and evaluating strategy versus " What's that again? Like, how does this, what's the timeline for that?" 'Cause that you know, that's just not good for anybody. You know, so, so that, that's kinda the main, the main value prop thrust of it. And I just, I frankly didn't think it existed, but proof's in the pudding. Like we've sold it to accelerator programs, we've sold it to hospital, you know, innovation departments. We've sold it to incubators, like trade associations that have like their like kind of innovation arms. It works. Like when people do it, it works. It's funny-- we can talk about this too-- but like the, you can lead a horse to water thing. It's funny how many people say they want to be entrepreneurs and say they wanna be innovators and really they just want to just yap. And they don't actually wanna put the time in. I'm telling you, it's like crazy how many, you know, fake entrepreneurs there are out there. But it's okay. It's okay. You know, like there has to be, I think there needs to be some cleaving or weaning or calving of the herd to some degree because we've got, I don't know, and maybe we need to develop 'em more, but it's, it is frustrating seeing it firsthand when it's like "You have a really cool device, but you are so uninvestible and you have no interest in being coachable that it just hurts me." [00:21:30] Lindsey Dinneen: Oh yeah, absolutely. No, I love that you've done that resource and yes, super excited to see hopefully a lot of innovation actually happen and be successful as a result of that. So with, you know, okay, so you have, you have this community now and I'm wondering if there are any moments that kind of stand out to you, maybe as you've built the company, also Medtech Vendors that kind of enforce, "Wow, I am, I am in the right place at the right time." [00:22:00] Spencer Jones: You know, I definitely-- you know, it's, it's, it's really, there's not, I would say, any huge singular moments. I mean, we've had people like get business from coming on the XO Medtech podcast. You know, we've had people meet new clients, new strategic partners type stuff, like in the XO Medtech community. I mean, I've made a ton of friends in the XO Medtech community, people that I talk to you know, every, every week or two you know, Brad Shirley, I'll mention him. He's fantastic. And like I've learned from him, he's learned from me. We've both learned stuff from the community. I, I, I really do think it's though, it's like it's, you know, those-- whether it's a LinkedIn DM or you know, somebody messaging me in XO and they're like, "Hey, I just went through this lesson. It was like, so good. You know, blah, blah, blah." And I think those little things honestly like power me, power me up, give me juice, give me energy. You know, and, and like reading, we, we did a ton of, I mean we probably got 30 people that did kind of like a pre- and post- assessment and they gave their feedback on The Playbook so we could refine it like as we were, you know, after launch and all that stuff 'cause we're constantly trying to improve it. And have reading the testimonials and people just being like, yeah, like "This is, this is killer." People that are brand new, people that have been in the industry for 20 years that went through it. I think so, I think, I think it's kinda like a myriad of those things. I would say some of the stuff on-- and that's on the XO Medtech -- I think some of the stuff on the Medtech Vendor side and what we're doing with, you know, kind of campaigns and the tools that we're developing and the work that we're doing there, like we are fully an AI native organization. Like it, like we, it there is just not at all like a significant amount of people in medtech using AI to like actually do not in their products. I don't care about that. Like I'm talking about like in their day-to-day operations and, and whatnot and like we're trying to change that. And so like in that respect, like we will come out with things, you know, release features, release products, build custom tools for CDMOs and you know, the looks on their faces and like how amazed that they are at X, Y, and Z. And sometimes it's like stuff where it's hey, I'm like building them a just showing them how to do something with not even a tool that we built and like they're blown away. And anyways, all of that stuff, I feel like, man, like this is where I'm supposed to be because like. We, we've gotta make MedTech a more attractive investment opportunity. We've gotta compress the development cycles and the cost to develop and the time to develop and get things to market. You know, and I look at AI drug discovery for the pharma world as like a huge way that that's happening. But we have to have that similar type of like, when you to engage with this, it will be good for our ecosystem and industry as a whole, becoming more investible, becoming more cash efficient and all that stuff because you've seen other sectors, you know, software is taking money from early stage medtech, like nobody's business. You know, people are investing AI and you know, I just looked at the annual report from like HSBC, the Venture Report, and like me, early stage medtech funding continues to be down. You know what I mean? So we just gotta do something like, I, I feel like it's an existential, it's an existential issue for early stage medtech to get better at being scrappy and using AI. [00:25:03] Lindsey Dinneen: And there's so much opportunity there. Yeah, I love that you're helping to promote that. So you've gotten to lead a number of different companies now and through very challenging milestones. And so I'm curious, how has your own leadership philosophy developed over the course of your career so far? [00:25:24] Spencer Jones: Oh, what a good question. You know, I, I hate to say this, but I've almost gotten more cynical, you know. [00:25:30] Lindsey Dinneen: Okay. [00:25:31] Spencer Jones: Well, and it, it's, it's like I try to be very protective of my time and like protective of the time of the people that I work with, right. You know, and that doesn't mean I'm not willing to like go the extra mile and whatnot, but I think it's about respecting people's time. Right? And, and you know, I think honestly my leadership philosophy, I think a lot of it revolves around just like incredibly clear communication and like staying above the fray. No riff-raff, just just executing and moving fast and like keeping expectations really high, because I feel like when you've got complacency, you know, at the top, it just, it like doubles every rung of the ladder lower that you go in the org chart or whatever. You know, so I think like pace, you know, pace and hyper clear communication, like no subversive or passive aggressive or anything. It's just like straight up, like I'll just exactly tell you if I wasn't happy with something or whatever, but I just, I don't know, like I feel, I feel like you know, leadership style too, like I think, I think it, so much of it boils down to communication for me. It's just like really, really clearly communicating and like making sure that people understand what good work looks like and what a, them doing a good job looks like, and where... Yeah, I think, I think being clear about expectations, really clearly communicating those expectations around like work product, what it should look like, how fast it should get done, how many updates I need, or how many questions I expect to get as you're doing this, what resources I expect you to expend and explore before you come to me with something you could Google. Like all of that stuff, but honestly, I, it, it's kind of a tough question thinking in like the more immediate past, just because I feel like there's been such like, almost like a flattening of org charts, frankly, with the way that we're using technology and AI these days where I feel like in the companies I'm operating in right now, like it's mainly just principles and like lower level stuff, like we're either delegating to AI agents or delegating to like VAs that are in a different country or something, you know what I mean? And, and so there's just been a big flattening. You know, seven years ago, six years ago, I was managing, you know, new grads outta college, two or three at a time, and, you know, having to like, have these kind of like, you know, like brotherly, you know, like talks with, you know, these types of things, " Hey, like you really gotta do this" and like coaching and stuff like that, i, you know, there's a, we have to have that stuff. I'm just not in, in organization and honestly, the organizations I'm in right now in startup world I just feel I don't know. Like I, I feel like we're, I haven't seen that and I, I know a lot of organizations that are small and nimble and whatever, and I feel like the org charts are getting real flat in terms of like people that are getting managed, you know, it's a lot of agents getting managed, frankly. [00:28:21] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Yeah, yeah. Interesting. Yeah, that, that's a really interesting insight too. But I really do think that to your point of coaching and mentorship and how much of a difference that makes, but especially, I was just on this conversation earlier today of the critical importance I feel that there is about establishing expectations across the board, whether it's your clients, your employees, your coworkers, just making sure that everybody's on the same page is such a critical aspect of, of setting yourself up for success. So yeah, I love that you touched on that 'cause like I said, literally earlier today. [00:29:00] Spencer Jones: Yeah. And, and can I, can I, quick aside here. It's, it's on topic, but before we move on, I mean, I, I'm not the first person to think this or say this, but I'll, I'll die on this hill. The more you use AI when, when you're using it the right way, right, the better leader and better specifically, the better communicator you'll become, right? Why? So much of interpersonal office drama, bad management, bad leadership is like what we talked about, right? It's poor communication. It's expecting people assumed something or had knowledge they didn't, right? It's not letting them know what you really wanted, what good work looks like, all that stuff. This is all context engineering, right, which is just a similar to prompt engineering, but context engineering is kind of the other more important piece these days with AI. What do I mean by that? Like I'm gonna give a prompt to a chat. Is it in just like a virgin chat or is it in a project? What context, what documents, skills, reference templates, et cetera, access to code bases does that project have, right? What am I telling it to do? How am I breaking that down? How am I, you know, big, high level goal? What do I want it to do? What does the output need to look like? How deep do I want it to go? Right? Like, how many questions I say, "Ask me like five or six questions" when I'm prompting, right, if I want that, right? Give, so giving the other person right in that space to say " What questions do you have?" Right? The, the, the best people at context engineering and leveraging AI in that way end up becoming more, better and better and better communicators because it's-- I mean, yes, you're talking to a machine, but at the same way, like those principles a hundred percent apply to good professional communication. So I'll die on that hill. There's a lot of people that are like brain rott using AI. It's " what's the weather today?" And you know, "how many calories does mayonnaise have?" And those people are not, you know, they're, they're not improving their leadership communication by using app, but the people actually doing it right a hundred percent are, [00:30:52] Lindsey Dinneen: Yes, I could not agree more. I think that is one of the coolest things that AI has taught me personally is-- to your point, to be a better communicator, to be clearer with the way that I communicate, to avoid assumptions that the other person, say, knows what I'm talking about or, or does have the context behind why I asked the question the way I did, or all those kinds of things. So I, I could not agree with you more. Yeah. And it's exciting to see how it continues to evolve. Okay. [00:31:22] Spencer Jones: Yeah. And why, real quick, why, like the AI models, especially with the reasoning models and stuff, Opus 4.6, all this stuff, telling them why they're doing something and why doing it, doing a certain task within that project flow is important is proving to be more effective than telling them how. And I think that's something where, you know, you tell someone what to do, they may do it, but if you tell them and make them believe why it's important, they do it that way, they're really gonna do it that way. [00:31:49] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Love that so much. Okay. All right, so pivoting the conversation a little bit, just for fun. Imagine that you were to be offered a million dollars to teach a masterclass on anything you want, could be within your industry, but doesn't have to be. What would you choose to teach? [00:32:05] Spencer Jones: Does this, assume-- I have a question. Does this assume that I'm already I'm already capable and you know, have enough expertise to actually teach this class? Or is it like I choose this topic, I'm now an expert in that and I get to teach it? [00:32:19] Lindsey Dinneen: I like, I like I like both options, but I'm gonna go with option B because you have a million dollars to play with, right, so you could build up the expertise. Yeah. [00:32:29] Spencer Jones: You know, I would still say like building AI tools, AI agent systems, you know, skills and subagents and these flows and, and really tactically executing that for medtech. And that that goes from founder, you know, innovator to service provider, reg, quality ,reimbursement, like all the way up through sales and marketing and then like CDMO teams, you know, doing contract manufacturing, doing this. Like I, I just, I'm so passionate about it and I, I just see that there's so much untapped opportunity that that is the thing I think, and, and like we, we are doing that not a masterclass, but like we are working with groups to do some of that. But, I just, it's just so, so, so, so much opportunity to do it. And I think there's like weird structural reasons why it's not being adopted the same, you know, at the same clip it is in other industries. But you know, medtech's very rules-based game. You know, you've got your guidance docs, you've got your predicate devices, you've got your clinical trial protocols, you've got your stats analysis. You got your, you know, X, Y, Z hospitals get paid a certain way. Like lots of formulas, lots of reference material, lots of guidance docs. You know, it's very kind of rules and order based system in a lot of ways. And biology has its own kind of, prescriptive way that things happen, right? So I just feel like it's so primed for it. And anyways, I, I just, I wanna see it adopted more so we can see like what's happening with software now, where, you know, the cost to build and, you know, produce and get software to market has com has almost collapsed, but compressed to, you know, from like months, maybe years to, you know, days and weeks and, you know, you got a $200, 250 bucks worth of like software subscriptions, Claude this, that, the other, you can get it done in a week if you, you know, two weeks if you put your mind to [00:34:21] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Yeah. No, that would be an incredible masterclass. I like it. All right. And then how do you wish to be remembered after you leave this world? [00:34:30] Spencer Jones: Oof. God, what a good question, Lindsey. You know, I hope to be remembered at all. [00:34:35] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. [00:34:36] Spencer Jones: You know, 'cause I, I'm definitely one of those people that's " nobody cares, nobody's thinking about you." You know, you may have, I, I mean, I think there's like some healthy main character syndrome that people can have that gives 'em confidence, but at the end of the day, no one cares. They're just, everyone's thinking about themselves. But if I am remembered, which I hope to be I wanna be viewed as like someone that was, I'd say, loved their family was a good dad, good husband. I would say brought people joy, was like fun to be around, but like from a interested in other people sense, you know, you know, genuinely cared about people. But I would say that on the professional side, like somebody that you know, would like consistently just delivered an absurd amount of value whether it was, you know, running a business or coaching and developing people at a company or working on behalf of clients or trying to make a positive change. I would say impactful and valuable, you know, with the work that I'm doing. That's, that's, that's how I wanna be remembered. I mean, we don't have big, I don't wanna be a unicorn billion dollar company. No, we have no desire to do that. We don't even have a, a desire to get acquired at any point. We're not raising money, you know, we've, we've deliberately chosen to bootstrap it. You know, we frankly just wanna employ really awesome smart people that we work with, you know, pay everybody well. And like I said, add a absurd amount of value you know, and joy to the people and the clients that we work with and like work at the company with, you know what I mean? [00:36:05] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Yeah, that's a absolutely wonderful legacy to aspire to. I love it. All right. And then final question. What is one thing that makes you smile every time you see or think about it? [00:36:19] Spencer Jones: Oh, I gotta be, I've got a 1-year-old kid. Banks. Banks Austin Jones. So it's gotta be him, and my wife of course. One thing that makes me smile though, every time I see it, oh... you know, I am, I'll cry at a good TikTok, so I'm so I guess that's like a form of smiling, you know? But I'm a pretty big softie, honestly. You know, this is gonna sound weird, but it's kind of those moments where you know, people usually strangers and usually people that don't look like each other, just show humanity to each other. And that could be like holding a door open for somebody. It could be small things, you know what I mean? But I really love seeing those moments and capturing them like candidly, you know? Just you know, oh, I was in a restaurant, I saw this thing happen. You know? I really love that these days. [00:37:09] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Yeah. We all need more of that these days too, so, yeah. Love it. Alright, well, Spencer, this has been a, a fantastic conversation. I really appreciate you and your time today. I love what you're building in the medtech industry and cultivating community and resources and providing value. So just thank you for everything you're doing to change lives for a better world. [00:37:34] Spencer Jones: Thank you. Can I ask you a question? I feel like you were so good, like with the questions and kind coming on the back of like my responses, but I have a question for you like what? You know, what about the medtech space, like most excites you? It can be a specific technology, it can be a specific, you know, company doing something. It can be anything, but what's most exciting to you, kind of looking at 2026 and, you know, kind of in the realm of medtech broadly. [00:38:00] Lindsey Dinneen: Yeah. Oh, I love that question. So I love this industry in general, but there, there's something really special about the energy of being around people who truly care about making a difference. Part of the reason I started The Leading Difference was because I, when I first joined, had sort of noticed this sort stigma from people from the outside who weren't very familiar with the innovation, what it takes to get from, you know, drawing to commercialization. Just didn't, just didn't know. And there was this stigma that people were here just for the money. And then I started meeting all of these incredible change makers who they had personal stories of what they were seeing, or a family member was impacted. And I just loved the fact that there were so many cool people doing such cool things and getting to play a small role in that was the coolest thing in the world. So, you know, I, I say I happily stumbled into medtech five years ago and found my people and my happy place, haven't looked back. I love it. I love being around people who are genuinely trying to do good things in the world. And I hear about new and you know, new ideas every day, and I get excited probably almost equally about most of them because it's just cool to see. So I don't know. Does that answer your question? [00:39:29] Spencer Jones: No, it, it does. I mean, it, it really the, it all comes back to the patient at the end of the day. And I definitely, I, I feel like when people think of like medical device stuff, like their minds immediately go to like Stryker sales reps or something, you know what I'm saying? And there's just so much more to it than that. And there's one of my favorite things about medtech is like the personalities, you know, like you got your wacky, you got your wacky inventors and you know, you got your straight laced regulatory people. But when you get to know 'em, they're, they're absolutely hilarious. You know, you got your attorneys, you got your like, and I, every industry, every industry has their personalities. But I think medtech, you know, you got your beef head sales reps that are like posting " What's up guys? I'm here in the locker room in my scrubs" and like "Motivation Monday." You're like, "Oh my God." But it's just like all these personalities and you go to these conferences and you just see 50 of the same person, but they're each different, they have their own dreams and conflicts and ideas and whatever, but they're still like so in the same box in some ways. I think that's one of the funnier, like funnier things about medtech that just makes it quirky, you know? [00:40:30] Lindsey Dinneen: I love it. And I also love the amount of respect that I see shared amongst people of very, very different backgrounds and areas of expertise. And that was one of the things that made me fall in love with the industry too. I was like, I, for instance, you know, I'm in, I'm in marketing and business development, so I play a very small role in, in sharing about these devices. But people, the engineers that I work with and the consultants that I work with, and everybody in the ecosystem is always just " Wow, well, I can't do what you're doing. And so I think what you're doing is fantastic." And so there's just, there's this mutual respect that I think is super cool about being here too. So yeah, I'm a fan. [00:41:08] Spencer Jones: Yeah, I agree. I agree. We could, we could keep going for, for days... [00:41:12] Lindsey Dinneen: I know. [00:41:13] Spencer Jones: ...On this. I really, I know, I know we have to wrap it, but but yeah. Well, Lindsey, thank you for having me. Seriously, this was a blast. And you know, I'll just maybe like quick sign off plug or something here. If anybody that's listening to this is like interested in, leveraging AI, leveraging AI in medtech or for you personally or whatever, follow me on LinkedIn and post a lot of content about it. You know, talk about it a lot on the podcast. But then if you're, if you're on the founder side, if you're an innovator, like join XO Medtech. If you're on the CDMO side, if you're, you know, on a sales and marketing team, contract manufacturer, CDMO, even like signed development groups, that kind of stuff like, you are like, "We know we need to be using AI to better leverage X, Y, Z, or do this thing. We have all these, we have HubSpot and this thing and that thing, and none of it works together well and we've got too many tools." Whatever. Just hit me up. Let's have a conversation. We're doing some absolutely incredible things leveraging AI, giving these sales and marketing teams like crazy leverage. So yeah, just drop a dm. I'd love to talk to you. [00:42:08] Lindsey Dinneen: Awesome. Sounds good. And we are so honored to be making a donation on your behalf as a thank you for your time today to the Polaris Project, which is a non governmental organization that works to combat and prevent sex and labor trafficking in North America. So thank you for choosing that organization to support, and we wish you continued success as you work to change lives for a better world. Looking forward to seeing the future of all the good things that you're doing. All right. Bye. [00:42:41] Dan Purvis: The Leading Difference is brought to you by Velentium Medical. Velentium Medical is a full service CDMO, serving medtech clients worldwide to securely design, manufacture, and test class two and class three medical devices. Velentium Medical's four units include research and development-- pairing electronic and mechanical design, embedded firmware, mobile app development, and cloud systems with the human factor studies and systems engineering necessary to streamline medical device regulatory approval; contract manufacturing-- building medical products at the prototype, clinical, and commercial levels in the US, as well as in low cost regions in 1345 certified and FDA registered Class VII clean rooms; cybersecurity-- generating the 12 cybersecurity design artifacts required for FDA submission; and automated test systems, assuring that every device produced is exactly the same as the device that was approved. Visit VelentiumMedical.com to explore how we can work together to change lives for a better world.

Episode SummaryWomen have up to 70-80% lower creatine stores than men — and most of us have never been told that. In this episode Lisa digs into what that means for your brain, sleep, mood, muscles, and energy, and why creatine may be one of the most underreported tools in women's health right now.What You'll LearnWhat creatine actually is and why it matters beyond the gymWhy women have lower creatine stores — and why that gap widens in perimenopauseHow creatine supports brain energy (ATP) and what happens when levels run lowThe research on creatine and memory, processing speed, and mental clarityWhy creatine may reduce depression symptoms — more so in women than menCreatine and sleep: the adenosine mechanism, the 2024 women's RCT, and the 2025 perimenopause findingsThe University of Kansas Alzheimer's pilot studyCreatine + resistance training for muscle and bone health over 40How much to take: 5g for general health vs. 10g for brain-specific benefitsStart HereReady to heal your metabolism? thinlicious.com/happyStudies ReferencedCognitive Function & MemoryXu et al. (2024) — Creatine & Cognitive Function: Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Nutrition.Depression in WomenLyoo et al. (2012) — Creatine Augmentation for SSRI in Women With Major Depression. American Journal of Psychiatry.Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis: Creatine for Depression (2025). British Journal of Nutrition.SleepDworak et al. (2017) — Creatine Reduces Sleep Need & Homeostatic Sleep Pressure in Rats. Journal of Sleep Research.Aguiar Bonfim Cruz et al. (2024) — Creatine Improves Sleep in Naturally Menstruating Females. Nutrients.Gordji-Nejad et al. (2024) — Single Dose Creatine Improves Cognition During Sleep Deprivation. Scientific Reports.Hall et al. (2025) — Creatine + Resistance Training in Peri/Postmenopausal Women: Sleep, Cognition, Strength. JISSN.Alzheimer's DiseaseSmith et al. (2025) — Creatine Monohydrate Pilot in Alzheimer's: Brain Creatine & Cognition. Alzheimer's & Dementia.Brain Dosing: The Case for 10gDechent et al. (1999) — Creatine Increases Brain Creatine by 8.7% in Human Neuroimaging Study. American Journal of Physiology.Candow et al. — Higher Creatine Doses for Brain Bioenergetics. Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science.Dr. Rhonda Patrick on 10g brain dosing (@foundmyfitness)Medical Disclaimer: For educational purposes only. Not medical advice. Always consult your doctor before starting any new supplement.

Listener feedback from the DanGer Shock investigators, complete vs staged revascularization, polygenic risk scores, and quality improvement failure in an RCT are the topics John Mandrola, MD, discusses in this week's podcast.   This podcast is intended for healthcare professionals only. To read a partial transcript or to comment, visit: https://www.medscape.com/twic I Listener Feedback DanGer Shock Trial https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2312572 CHIP-BCIS 3 Trial https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2515704 II Immediate Complete vs Staged Revascularization in STEMI Meta-analysis: Timing of Complete Revasc in Patients with STEMI and Multivessel Disease https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.126.016601 COMPLETE Trial https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1907775 FULL REVASC Trial https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2314149 iMODERN Trial https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2512918 III Polygenic Risk Scores for Prediction Polygenic Risk Report in US-Based Hospitals for 8 CV Conditions  https://www.jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.jacc.2026.03.035 IV Practice Improvement Policies Undergo the Proper Test – Randomization Quality Improvement on Hospitalizations and Health Outcomes for People with CHD https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.125.012904 You may also like: The Bob Harrington Show with the Stephen and Suzanne Weiss Dean of Weill Cornell Medicine, Robert A. Harrington, MD. https://www.medscape.com/author/bob-harrington Questions or feedback, please contact news@medscape.net

In this episode of the Mr Barton Maths podcast, Craig sits down with Bibi Groot, behavioural scientist at Eedi, to unpack the rigorous research behind their ed-tech work. Bibi traces her journey from the UK's Behavioural Insights Team — where she applied frameworks like EAST (Easy, Attractive, Social, Timely) to public policy — to becoming Eedi's first behavioural scientist after a stint completing a PhD at UCL and having twins. The conversation builds methodically from the fundamentals of randomised control trials (and why they're so notoriously difficult to run well in schools) through the headline results of Eedi's two-year, 20-school RCT showing that students using the platform gained the equivalent of two to four extra months of progress, before diving into the much-publicised Google DeepMind collaboration. That study, run with LearnLM and a human-in-the-loop safety net, found that an AI tutor matched a human tutor on immediate question success and actually outperformed humans on short-term transfer questions — likely because the AI was relentlessly Socratic where time-pressured human tutors tended to short-circuit students' metacognition. Bibi closes by previewing Eedi's much larger four-arm follow-up trial (running until July 2026) testing whether deep student context beats strong pedagogy alone, plus exciting new pilots bringing DQR and WhatsApp-delivered AI tutoring to learners in Guyana, India, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Visit the show notes here: podcast.mrbartonmaths.com/221-building-an-ai-tutor-with-google-deepmind-with-bibi-groot-eedis-chief-impact-officer

Near-Infrared Light Therapy After Stroke: Does the Science Hold Up? A viewer reached out recently with a question I have been getting more frequently: Does near infrared light therapy actually help the brain recover after stroke? It is a fair question — the claims circulating online range from cautiously promising to outright extraordinary. In this post, I am going to cut through the noise and look at what the peer-reviewed research actually shows. What is Near-Infrared Light Therapy? Near infrared (NIR) light therapy — also called photobiomodulation (PBM) or transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) when applied to the head — uses specific wavelengths of light (typically 630-1100 nm) to penetrate tissue and interact with cells at a biological level. This is not a tanning lamp or a heat lamp. The mechanism is specific: NIR light at the right wavelengths is absorbed by cytochrome c oxidase, a key enzyme in mitochondrial energy production. When stimulated, cytochrome c oxidase increases ATP synthesis — essentially giving cells more energy to carry out repair and function. For neurons recovering from ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, the theory is compelling: damaged brain cells that are energy-starved might benefit from an additional energy stimulus. The Mechanism: What the Biology Says The cytochrome c oxidase pathway is well-established in photobiology. What is less settled is whether light at therapeutic intensities can penetrate the skull deeply enough to reach relevant brain structures. Skull and scalp tissue absorb and scatter light substantially. Transcranial delivery requires sufficient power density (irradiance) at the source and long enough exposure to accumulate meaningful fluence (energy dose) at depth. Studies using ex vivo human skull specimens suggest that only 1-3% of surface irradiance reaches cortical tissue at clinically relevant depths — and deeper subcortical structures receive even less. This does not make tPBM ineffective — it means dosing is everything. And most consumer devices do not disclose their irradiance or fluence specifications, which makes comparing them to clinical trials nearly impossible. What the Research Shows Animal Studies: Encouraging Signals Several well-designed rodent studies have demonstrated that tPBM applied within hours to days of stroke onset reduces infarct volume, improves functional recovery, and modulates neuroinflammation. A 2019 study by Thunshelle et al. found tPBM reduced lesion size in ischaemic stroke models and improved neurobehavioural scores. Animal models are useful for mechanistic insights. However, rodent skulls are thinner and brain structures are more superficial than in humans — so translational accuracy is limited. Human Clinical Trials: More Complicated The human evidence is where the story becomes nuanced. The NeuroThera Effectiveness and Safety Trial (NEST-1 and NEST-2) were the most prominent early RCTs. NEST-1 (2007) reported positive outcomes for acute ischaemic stroke patients treated within 24 hours. However, NEST-2 (2009), a larger double-blind RCT with 660 patients, failed to replicate those results on its primary outcome measure. NEST-3 was halted early in 2013 after an interim analysis showed it was unlikely to meet its primary endpoint. What went wrong? Researchers identified several issues: heterogeneous stroke populations, inconsistent dosing protocols, and the fundamental challenge of transcranial light delivery in adults with varying skull thickness and tissue composition. More recent work has shifted focus. A 2023 review by Zomorrodi et al. examined pulsed tPBM and found preliminary evidence for cognitive and neurological benefits in traumatic brain injury and neurodegeneration — but noted the absence of large, well-powered RCTs in stroke specifically. The Consumer Device Problem Here is where I have to be direct with anyone considering purchasing a NIR device for home use. Clinical studies use medical-grade devices with precisely calibrated irradiance, typically 10-700 mW/cm2 at the source, with controlled exposure times to achieve specific fluence targets (often 0.9-36 J/cm2). Consumer devices vary enormously — and most do not publish their specifications at all. Buying a NIR cap or helmet marketed for brain wellness is not equivalent to receiving the protocol used in clinical research. This does not mean it is harmful. It means we do not know whether you are getting a therapeutic dose, a sub-therapeutic dose, or anything in between. The Stakes If you are in recovery from a stroke or brain injury and you are exploring every option — which I completely understand — the risk here is not primarily financial. The risk is investing hope, time, and energy into something that may or may not be delivering what clinical trials suggest is therapeutic. The opportunity, on the other hand, is real: the underlying biology is sound, and the research pipeline is active. This is an area worth watching closely. Three Actionable Steps Talk to your neurologist or rehab physician before purchasing any device. Ask specifically whether tPBM has been considered in your care plan and what the current clinical guidance is. If you want to explore the evidence yourself, search PubMed (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) for transcranial photobiomodulation stroke — filter for systematic reviews and RCTs published after 2018 for the most current picture. Check ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov) for active trials recruiting stroke survivors for tPBM studies. Participation in a trial gives you access to a properly calibrated protocol and contributes to the evidence base. What Recovery Can Look Like When the brain is given the right conditions — adequate sleep, nutrition, rehabilitation, reduced inflammation, and potentially adjunct therapies that the evidence supports — healing happens in ways that can surprise both patients and clinicians. I have spoken with hundreds of stroke survivors on this channel who found approaches that contributed meaningfully to their recovery. Not a single one found a shortcut. But many found tools — used thoughtfully, in partnership with their medical team — that made a genuine difference. That is what this channel is about: doing the work so you can make informed decisions. References Lampl Y et al. Infrared laser therapy for ischemic stroke: a new treatment strategy. Stroke. 2007;38(6):1843-9. PMID: 17463313. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17463313 Zivin JA et al. Effectiveness and Safety of Transcranial Laser Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (NEST-2). Stroke. 2009;40(4):1359-64. PMID: 19233936. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19233936 Thunshelle C, Hamblin MR. Transcranial Low-Level Laser (Light) Therapy for Brain Injury. Photomed Laser Surg. 2016;34(12):587-598. PMID: 27854434. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27854434 Zomorrodi R et al. Pulsed Near Infrared Transcranial and Intranasal Photobiomodulation Significantly Modulates Neural Oscillations. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):6309. PMID: 31004089. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31004089 Bill Gasiamis is a stroke survivor and the host of the Recovery After Stroke podcast. He is not a medical professional. Nothing in this post constitutes medical advice. Always consult your treating physician before starting any new therapy. The post Near-Infrared Light Therapy After Stroke: Does the Science Hold Up? appeared first on Recovery After Stroke.

Using wearables (think Apple watch, fitbit, phone) in your plan of care can amplify your outcomes. Join Dustin Jones as he discusses a recent RCT that used wearables in cardiac rehabilitation that had some pretty wild results. We'll discuss HOW to do this in clinic with your patients to get better results. We'll also troubleshoot common barrier to implementation. You can catch the live video recording here in the ICEphysio app - https://app.ptonice.com/c/ptonice-daily-show/wearables ---- Want to make sure you stay up to date in all things Geriatrics in less than 3 minutes every other week? Join thousands of others in our free MMOA Digest Email list - https://institute-of-clinical-excellence.kit.com/a3837f54b7  

Après un hiver très compliqué, les Toulonnais vont mieux et sont sur une série de quatre victoires de suite, une première cette saison. Cela tombe bien car ils seront face à un défi de taille samedi : le Leinster, en demi-finales de Coupe des champions. Peuvent-ils gagner à Dublin et l'embellie du RCT peut-elle durer ? Débat dans «Crunch». Un podcast présenté par Léa Leostic avec Jean-François Paturaud et Elio Bono. Enregistrement : Marie-Amélie Motte.Hébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

In this video, Dr. Ruscio discusses 6 powerful tools to reset and calm a dysregulated nervous system. The tools he discusses include vagus nerve stimulation via the ear, resonance breathing, electrolytes / sodium optimization, a vibration tool called Apollo Neuro, an audio-visual stimulation device called BrainTap, and grounding. Each tool offers a uniquely beneficial input into the nervous system to help restore a healing, parasympathetic state.   ✅ Start healing with us! Learn more about our virtual clinic:  https://drruscio.com/virtual-clinic/  

Evidence-based practice has a blind spot: not in the research itself, but in how we rank one form of knowledge above all others. In this episode, I sit down with physiotherapist and PhD candidate Matt Low to unpack what he calls epistemic fluency, the ability to move between different forms of clinical knowledge depending on what the situation actually requires. We cover why population-based research gives you a map but not your patient's territory, how Aristotle's three forms of knowledge apply directly to clinical reasoning, and why the biopsychosocial model functions better as an analytical tool than a practice guide. We also dig into the Back Cafe — a 3-arm RCT on lumbar spinal fusion rehab that compared a progressive training program, a video program, and a social cafe setting run by a senior physiotherapist. At the 2-year follow-up, the back-cafe group outperformed the training group on pain and beat both other groups on daily task performance. The study raises hard questions about what the active ingredient in rehabilitation actually is. This is Part 1 of 2. LINKS Join Modern Pain ProMatt Low's blogBack Cafe study (PubMed)CauseHealth (Matt's network)*********************************************************************

Your doctor says your magnesium is normal. But that test measures less than 1% of your body's total magnesium. Nearly half of US adults are deficient in the mineral required for 600+ enzymatic reactions, every ATP molecule, insulin signaling, blood pressure, heart rhythm, and sleep.CHAPTERS:00:00 — Introduction00:55 — Part 1: The Hidden Deficiency02:10 — Soil depletion02:55 — 80% lost in food processing03:25 — Serum test only measures 1%04:30 — Part 2: The Insulin Connection04:55 — Mg required for GLUT4 and insulin signaling06:45 — 22% lower diabetes risk with higher Mg07:45 — Part 3: Heart, Blood Pressure, Inflammation08:05 — 36% lower CVD risk08:40 — Mg lowers BP 2.8 mmHg10:10 — Part 4: Sleep and the Nervous System10:30 — Mg activates GABA, blocks NMDA11:30 — RCT: improved sleep, deep sleep, HRV12:00 — Part 5: What to Do12:15 — Get RBC magnesium test13:00 — Best forms: glycinate, threonate, citrateREFERENCES:Global Deficiency 2.4B (Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2025): pubmed/41504160Soil Depletion 80% Loss (Heliyon, 2020): PMC7649274Mg + GLUT4 Insulin Signaling (Frontiers Endocrinology, 2022): fendo.2022.786516Mg + T2D Risk 536K Participants: pubmed/21868780Mg + CVD Review (Nutrients, 2024): PMC11013654Mg Lowers BP — 38 RCTs (Hypertension, 2025): pubmed/40145305Mg + Sleep Quality (2024): pubmed/38455453HOST: Dr. Robert Lufkin MD | robertlufkinmd.comNew episodes every Tuesday & Thursday. Subscribe so you don't miss one.Continue this conversation on Substack: https://robertlufkinmd.substack.comLies I Taught In Medical School — Free sample chapter: https://www.robertlufkinmd.com/lies/Web: https://www.robertlufkinmd.comYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/robertlufkinmdX: https://x.com/robertlufkinmdInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/robertlufkinmd/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@robertlufkinLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/robertlufkinmd/

It's once again 'Bring Your Paper to Work' day here at Mindtools Kineo, as Ross G, Dr Anna and Ross D each take turns to share an academic study that they think has key insights for L&D professionals. In this week's episode of The Mindtools L&D Podcast, we discuss the following papers: Rogelberg, S. G., Kreamer, L. M., & Gray, J. (2026). 'Thirty years of meeting science: Lessons learned and the road ahead.' Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 13, 415–442. Castro, S., Englmaier, F., & Guadalupe, M. (2024). 'Fostering psychological safety in teams: Evidence from an RCT'. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2024(1), 16624. Shen, J. H., & Tamkin, A. (2026). 'How AI impacts skill formation' (arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.20245). In 'What I Learned This Week', Ross D mentioned National Grid: Live. For more from Mindtools Kineo, visit mindtools.com or kineo.com. There, you'll also find details of our Learning Management Systems, Content Hub for leaders and managers, and custom learning design service - including AI skills development! You can also email us at custom@mindtools.com. Like the show? You'll LOVE our newsletter! Subscribe to The L&D Dispatch at lddispatch.com Connect with our speakers     If you'd like to share your thoughts on this episode, connect with us on LinkedIn:  Ross Dickie  Anna Barnett  Ross Garner  

V tejto časti nám Miro porozpráva o ceste do Krakova a pozrieme sa (vlastne AI sa pozrie) na záhadnú bixonimániu. Zdroje Scientists invented a fake disease. AI told people it was real Withdrawn:Using Machine Learning to Detect Bixonimania: An Early Feasibility Study Withdrawn:Bixonimania: Exploring the Influence of Blue Light on Periorbital Hyperpigmentation on the Palpebrae - an RCT with an r-BS design. Image by Peter Tóth from Pixabay

What if you could know 20 YEARS before symptoms appear whether you're heading for Alzheimer's? And what if there was a proven way to reverse early cognitive decline? In this episode, I sit down with my dear friend Dr. Dave Jenkins — the leading Dr. Dale Bredesen Protocol practitioner in the Southern Hemisphere — to unpack the p-Tau 217 blood test revolution and the stunning results from Bredesen's latest randomised controlled trial. Dr. Dave breaks down how a simple finger-prick blood test can now detect the Alzheimer's process with 95% certainty up to TWO DECADES before memory symptoms begin. This isn't diagnosing Alzheimer's — it's diagnosing the process, which means you have 20 years to intervene. We dive into Bredesen's 2024 multi-site RCT showing the ReCODE precision medicine protocol is 6–7x MORE POWERFUL than the best Alzheimer's drug currently available in America (lecanemab) — a drug with devastating side effects including brain bleeds and even death. Dr. Dave shares real clinical insights from his Bali longevity practice including the 30–60 "holes in the roof" driving cognitive decline, cutting-edge peptides (Semax, Selank, Cerebrolysin, Dihexa), bioregulators, and his personal experience with Klotho gene therapy that took his memory scores from the 70th to the 97th percentile in just 6 weeks. This is essential listening for anyone with a family history of Alzheimer's, anyone watching a loved one decline, and anyone who wants to take brain health seriously BEFORE it becomes a crisis. ⏰ CHAPTERS: [to be generated after edit]

This week's stories: *Bartonella Hides in Cat Scratches — and It Might Be Why You Feel Like Garbage A stealth bacterial infection transmitted by everyday cat scratches and flea dirt has been quietly linked to chronic fatigue, brain fog, and neurological symptoms for decades. Dave breaks down how Bartonella slips past standard testing, why it's almost never on a conventional doctor's radar, and the specific PCR protocol you need to actually find it. Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ *High Tyrosine Levels May Be Cutting Years Off Men's Lives A Mendelian randomization study of 270,000 UK Biobank participants found that elevated tyrosine is causally linked to nearly a full year of lost lifespan in men — with zero effect in women. The culprit appears to be an inflammatory oxidation pathway that men metabolize very differently. Dave examines what this means for every guy stacking L-tyrosine nootropics or eating high-protein keto. Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41045493/ https://www.aging-us.com/news-room/high-tyrosine-levels-linked-to-shorter-lifespan-in-men https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2026-02-27/study-suggests-one-common-amino-acid-may-affect-how-long-men-live *Blue Light Blocking Contact Lenses Are a Legitimate Vision Upgrade ALTIUS Vision's tinted contact lenses aren't just blue light filters — they cut chromatic aberration by 53% and improve motion tracking and contrast sensitivity in ways that software filters simply can't replicate. Dave covers the mechanism, who benefits most (screen workers, TBI recovery, gamers), and how to find a provider. Sources: https://altiusvision.com/chromatic-aberration/ https://altiusvision.com/science-of-altius/ https://www.westvalleyvision.com/-altius--performance-tinted-contact-lenses *Taurine Plus B Vitamins Actually Moves the Needle on Motivation A randomized crossover trial found that a daily stack of taurine, B6, folate, and B12 sustained effort-reward motivation and cut cognitive lapses significantly compared to placebo — and the mechanism runs through glutathione production in brain astrocytes. Dave breaks down why this combo works when either ingredient alone doesn't. Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41889717/ https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2026.1711478/full https://www.nutraingredients.com/Article/2026/03/23/taurine-and-b-vitamins-bost-motivation-and-focus/ *30 Seconds of Smelling Flowers Resets Your Nervous System Research out of the Monell Chemical Senses Center confirms what your grandmother knew: a slow, deep floral inhale measurably lowers heart rate and activates the parasympathetic nervous system — and it works because olfaction bypasses the cortex entirely and hits the limbic system directly. Dave makes the case for building a daily scent ritual. Sources: https://time.com/ https://www.southtabor.com/healthy-living-tip-stop-and-smell-the-flowers/ This episode is designed for biohackers, longevity seekers, and high-performance listeners who want mechanism-level clarity on infection-driven cognitive decline, amino acid optimization, sensory performance, and evidence-based supplementation. Host Dave Asprey connects emerging clinical research, Mendelian randomization data, and real-world protocols into actionable frameworks for extending healthspan and sharpening performance. New episodes every Tuesday, Thursday, Friday, and Sunday. Keywords: Bartonella cat scratch infection, Bartonella brain fog chronic fatigue, stealth bacterial infection biohacking, tyrosine lifespan men, L-tyrosine risk men longevity, Mendelian randomization amino acid aging, blue light blocking contacts, ALTIUS vision chromatic aberration, performance contact lenses TBI, taurine B vitamins motivation RCT, taurine folate brain health, glutathione astrocytes focus, smelling flowers heart rate stress, olfaction parasympathetic nervous system, floral scent limbic system, biohacking news, longevity research 2026 Thank you to our sponsors! - GOT MOLD? | Go to http://gotmold.com/shop and use DAVE10 to save 10% and see what's in your air. - MASA Chips | Go to https://www.masachips.com/DAVEASPREY and use code DAVEASPREY for 25% off your first order. - iRestore | Grow thicker, healthier hair back naturally. Use code DAVE at irestore.com. Resources: • Get My 2026 Clean Nicotine Roadmap | Enroll for free at https://daveasprey.com/2026-clean-nicotine-roadmap/ • Get My 2026 Biohacking Trends Report: https://daveasprey.com/2026-biohacking-trends-report/ • Dave Asprey's Latest News | Go to https://daveasprey.com/ to join Inside Track today. • Danger Coffee: https://dangercoffee.com/discount/dave15 • My Daily Supplements: SuppGrade Labs (15% Off) • Favorite Blue Light Blocking Glasses: TrueDark (15% Off) • Dave Asprey's BEYOND Conference: https://beyondconference.com • Dave Asprey's New Book – Heavily Meditated: https://daveasprey.com/heavily-meditated • Join My Substack (Live Access To Podcast Recordings): https://substack.daveasprey.com/ • Upgrade Labs: https://upgradelabs.com Timestamps: 00:00 – Intro 00:37 – Bartonella & Cat Scratch Disease 02:06 – Tyrosine & Lifespan in Men 03:37 – Tinted Contacts & Visual Processing 05:56 – Taurine & Motivation 07:25 – Floral Scent & Nervous System Reset See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Audio from the recent PERT webinar.  In this virtual program, a multidisciplinary panel of leaders in pulmonary embolism will examine the results and real-world impact of the recent HI-PEITHO data release. This multi-country, multi-center landmark RCT was designed and conducted in partnership between society, industry, and academia to achieve impactful results through robust study design and large patient population to address the biggest questions in pulmonary embolism care today. 

This week's episode dives into a wave of new research shaping how AI is actually being used in education. We explore what works (and what doesn't) when it comes to AI-generated feedback, including why blended, "hybrid" feedback may be the most effective approach - and why more feedback doesn't always lead to better outcomes. The conversation then turns to one of the most important emerging issues: bias in AI systems. From subtle differences in tone to stereotyping based on student characteristics, the research highlights why educators need to be cautious about the data they provide AI tools. "If you use AI to write feedback, it does not treat every student the same way equally." We also talk about the growing evidence around AI tutors - where they outperform humans, where they fall short, and what actually drives meaningful learning gains. Along the way, we tackle major questions around detection, student use, teacher workload, and whether AI can ever replace human connection. The big takeaway? AI is powerful. And how we design, guide, and use it in education matters more than ever. Research Papers discussed this week AI for Feedback Directive, metacognitive, or a blend of both? A comparison of AI-generated feedback types on student engagement, confidence, and outcomes https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2026.100553  AI assistance in peer feedback provision: Pedagogically sound, but minimally adopted https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131526000291 Marked Pedagogies: Examining Linguistic Biases in Personalized Automated Writing Feedback https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.12471 AI and Bias The Life Cycle of Large Language Models: A Review of Biases in Education https://bera-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjet.13505  AI Tutors AI tutoring can safely and effectively support students: An exploratory RCT in UK classrooms https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.23633v1 LearnMate: Enhancing Online Education with LLM-Powered Personalized Learning Plans and Support https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3706599.3719857 Effective Personalized AI Tutors via LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learning https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=6423358 Unifying AI Tutor Evaluation: An Evaluation Taxonomy for Pedagogical Ability Assessment of LLM-Powered AI Tutors https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.09416v1 AI Detection Trusting AI to detect AI? A systematic evaluation of the reliability and robustness of current AIGC detection tools for student academic work (paywalled) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360131526000540 Teacher Workload Shiksha Copilot: Teacher-AI Collaboration for Curating and Customizing Lesson Plans in Low-Resource School https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.00456v3  Student use The Secret Life of Students project - WonkHE Feb/March 2026 https://wonkhe.com/wp-content/wonkhe-uploads/2026/03/Wonkhe_SLOS2026_Jim_slides.pdf Is a random human peer better than a highly supportive chatbot in reducing loneliness over time? https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103126000417?dgcid=rss_sd_all 

Relational-cultural therapy has long shaped how I think about growth—that we are formed in and through connection, and that much of our suffering comes from disconnection. But in this episode, I take that idea further by sitting with something my friend Helena Vissing shared with me, drawing from Stephen Grosz's Loves Labor, about the twin anxieties of engulfment and abandonment.What unfolds is a deeper look at what RCT calls the central relational paradox—not just as a relational pattern, but as something more fundamental to who we are. The very strategies we develop to preserve connection are the same ones that prevent us from being known within it. And even more than that, the tension between closeness and distance may not be something we overcome, but something we live.I explore what it means to think about love, connection, and authenticity through this lens—where the goal is not to get the distance exactly right, but to become more aware of how we move within it, and how we repair when it inevitably goes wrong.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections do not have formal FDA approval for specific clinical indications. PRP is regulated as an autologous blood product and is used "off-label" in clinical practice. However, there is substantial clinical evidence supporting its use for certain dental surgeries and musculoskeletal conditions, particularly lateral epicondylitis, knee osteoarthritis, and plantar fasciitis. The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine notes that PRP is primarily used to treat tendinopathies and osteoarthritis, though clinical efficacy results remain mixed due to variability in PRP formulations and preparation methods. As of now, there are no FDA approved uses for PRP for gynecologic use, although there has been some evidence of possible benefit in vulvar dermatoses and possiblt ovarian function enhancement. But what about its use in the vagina for sexual pleasure? Injecting into the anterior vaginal wall (around the famed G-Spot location) is nothing new. Over a decade ago, a TV show introduced the masses to the “G-Spot amplication” shot which injected collagen to that area. But there was no data for this. Well, we are back to this idea in a new RCT in the Green Journal. Can PRP light up the vaginal fires of pleasure? Listen in for details. 1. Clarke, Bayley MD; Gaddam, Neha MD; Garcia, Bobby MD; Iglesia, Cheryl B. MD; Podolsky, Robert PhD; Dieter, Alexis A. MD. Vaginal Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Sexual Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obstetrics & Gynecology ():10.1097/AOG.0000000000006256, March 19, 2026. | DOI: 10.1097/AOG.00000000000062562. Finnoff JT, Awan TM, Borg-Stein J, et a American Medical Society for Sports Medicine Position Statement: Principles for the Responsible Use of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Medicine. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine : Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine. 2021. 3. Alsousou J, Ali A, Willett K, Harrison P. The Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Tissue Regeneration.Platelets. 2012.

This episode examines whether unprocessed red meat has a causal role in (1) type 2 diabetes risk and intermediate measures of glucose intolerance (insulin resistance, beta cell dysfunction, glycemic markers) and (2) cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. While there is commonly observed risk signal from observational cohorts, there exist short-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that show largely null effects on glucose homeostasis. This had led to differing opinions and interpretations of the evidence base. Some feel that in the context of an otherwise healthy diet, there isn't much to suggest concern about consuming unprocessed red meat. While others are of the view that there does exist a risk and that limiting or even avoiding consumption is prudent. The crucial concept of replacement effects is discussed. Increasing red meat intake always means decreasing something else or increasing total energy intake. Therefore, interpreting evidence requires specifying the comparator food(s), the background dietary pattern, the dose, the cut (lean vs fatty), and how the meat is prepared. To discuss their interpretations of this contentious evidence base, Dr. Mario Kratz and Dr. Gil Carvalho join the podcast to go through the studies most directly related to these questions. Timestamps [06:20] Red meat's impact is debated [10:54] Mechanisms linking meat to diabetes [15:31] Cohort evidence on diabetes risk [24:43] Differences between cohorts and threshold effects [33:13] RCT evidence and substitution trials [45:49] Why comparator foods matter [50:43] RCT examples and mixed results [01:00:30] Is there cardiovascular risk beyond saturated fat? [01:08:10] Epidemiology patterns and dose thresholds [01:11:36] Personal recommendations and risk tolerance [01:16:19] Key ideas Related Resources Go to episode page (study links, guest bios, additional resources) Join the Sigma email newsletter for free Subscribe to Sigma Nutrition Premium Enroll in the next cohort of our Applied Nutrition Literacy course Mario's YouTube channel: Nourished By Science Gil's YouTube channel: Nutrition Made Simple!

Send us Fan MailMindy Sjoblom is the Founder and CEO of OnYourMark, a research-backed virtual tutoring organization serving thousands of elementary students nationwide. Catherine Tierney is Head of Product and Program at OnYourMark, bringing deep experience from Match Education, MyCoach, and ThinkCERCA to the design of human-centered, evidence-based learning technology.

The JournalFeed podcast for the week of March 16-21, 2026.These are summaries from just 2 of the 5 articles we cover every week! For access to more, please visit JournalFeed.org for details about becoming a member.Monday's Spoon Feed:The 11th edition of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) introduces major updates, including prioritization of exsanguinating hemorrhage control (xABCDE), damage control resuscitation strategies such as permissive hypotension and early transfusion, reduced crystalloid use, revised approaches to spine motion restriction, and maintaining coordinated, team-based trauma care.Wednesday's Spoon Feed:This small RCT demonstrated that a low-dose continuous infusion of neostigmine in patients with septic shock resulted in downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and suggested possible improvements in organ dysfunction, illness severity, and mortality.

In today's episode, we'll dive into a brand new study that's hot off the press—an RCT exploring the short-term effects of manual therapy combined with functional magnetic stimulation (FMS) for patients suffering from lumbar disc herniations with radiculopathy. If you see patients with leg pain, numbness, or MRI-confirmed disc issues, this research offers fresh insight into conservative care and multimodal treatment approaches.Research: Short-Term Effects of Manual Therapy Combined with Functional Magnetic Stimulation in Individuals with Lumbar Disk Herniation with Radiculopathy: A Randomized Clinical TrialSpecial Offers for Listeners: Learn more about Diabetes Reversal Group and become a licenseeSave $500 and Get a Free Cart- Learn more at Shockwave Center of America Today!Leander Tables- Save $1,000 on the Series 950 Table using the code EBC2025 — their most advanced flexion-distraction tableNovoPulse OA Recovery Program- learn more herePatient Pilot by The Smart Chiropractor is the fastest, easiest to generate weekly patient reactivations on autopilot…without spending any money on advertising. Click here to schedule a call with our team.Our members use research to GROW their practice. Are you interested in increasing your referrals? Discover the best chiropractic marketing you aren't currently using right here!

Heart disease kills one person every 40 seconds. That number hasn't changed in 30 years. Dr. John Osborne, a preventive cardiologist with two doctorates and 29 years in practice, has spent his career on a single question: why do we screen for cancers that kill a few percent of us and do nothing for the disease that kills 40%? In this episode, Jeremy and Jason sit down with Dr. Osborne to get the real story on cardiac CT with AI — the imaging technology that can detect, quantify, and track arterial plaque at sub-millimeter resolution, years before symptoms appear. If you track your bloodwork, wear a fitness device, or consider yourself health-forward — this is the conversation that fills the gap nobody warned you about.Guest Link:https://clearcardio.com/Key Moments:00:00 — Dr. Osborne's case for preventive cardiology: why heart disease is the most under-screened killer02:43 — How cardiac CT evolved from "iPhone 0.5" to the 2026-era AI-powered tool he uses today05:35 — Why he gave up stress tests and heart caths in 2005 and never looked back08:16 — What AI actually adds: seeing and quantifying plaque invisible to the human eye, down to 0.1 cubic millimeters10:13 — When insurance pays for cardiac CT — and when it doesn't (the preventive gray zone)14:50 — The “cardiac colonoscopy” concept: the case for screening before symptoms, not after18:11 — Coronary artery calcium score: the accessible $100 starting point, and what it can and can't tell you31:54 — Lifestyle essentials: the 50% of risk that's modifiable regardless of genetics35:00 — Family history decoded: why your sibling's heart history matters more than your parents'36:12 — Nicotine myth-busting: Dr. Osborne on the "health guru" nicotine fad and why he thinks it's dangerous38:05 — Supplements under scrutiny: natokinase, fish oil, red yeast rice — what the actual RCT data says

Welcome to another episode of Ask The Sports Docs. We get a lot questions from our listeners each week and they're great questions, so rather than responding individually we thought we'd do these mini episodes where highlight some of the best questions and our responses. So, let's get started!Today, we're tackling the question: “Should I have surgery for my type III AC jointseparation?” If you are a sports medicine or shoulder surgeon, you've definitely had this conversation with your patients. And if you are an athlete, you've probably googled this after landing on your shoulder snowboarding, playing hockey, playing football etc. And the truth is – the answer isn't black and white. But to try to answer that question, we're going to review an article titled “Functional, Radiological, and Scapular Motion Evaluation of Surgical Versus Nonsurgical Treatment of Type 3 Acromioclavicular Dislocations.” This level 1 RCT aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of surgical and nonoperative treatment of type 3 AC separations.So, let's dive in!www.cloganmd.com / www.cosportsmedicine.com / https://orthopedicnj.com/physicians/ashley-bassett

The JournalFeed podcast for the week of 9-13, 2026.These are summaries from just 2 of the 5 articles we cover every week! For access to more, please visit JournalFeed.org for details about becoming a member.Wednesday's Spoon Feed:This multicenter RCT demonstrated that a short course of minocycline in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) resulted in improved functional neurologic outcomes at 90 days.Thursday's Spoon Feed:Tenecteplase administration up to 24 hours after onset of ischemic basilar artery stroke showed improved disability scores compared to standard medical treatment without an increase in adverse events.

Beta-blocker in non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a head-to-head apixaban vs rivaroxaban RCT, diltiazem vs metoprolol combined with DOAC, and the accuracy of smart watches for AF are the topics John Mandrola, MD, discusses in this week's podcast. This podcast is intended for healthcare professionals only. To read a partial transcript or to comment, visit: https://www.medscape.com/twic I Listener Feedback EMPATICC trial https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/47/9/1034/8242490 II Beta-blocker in Non-obstructive HCM BB vs Calcium Channel Blocker in Non-obstructive HCM https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.028 RCT of Metoprolol in Patients With Obstructive HCM https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2021.07.065 III Apixaban vs Rivaroxaban for Bleeding Risk COBRRA Trial https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2510703 AMPLIFY Trial (Apixaban) https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1302507 EINSTEIN Trial (Rivaroxaban) https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1007903 IV Diltiazem vs Metoprolol When Combined with DOAC Risk for Bleeding in AF Patients Using Apixaban or Rivaroxaban With Diltiazem https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/ANNALS-25-01408 V Actual Clinical Use of Smart Watches CIRCA-DOSE Original Trial https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.042622 Wearable Smartwatches for AF Detection After Ablation https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euaf280 You may also like: The Bob Harrington Show with the Stephen and Suzanne Weiss Dean of Weill Cornell Medicine, Robert A. Harrington, MD. https://www.medscape.com/author/bob-harrington Questions or feedback, please contact news@medscape.net

Do nasal strips actually help you breathe better? What about better sleep, snoring or sleep apnea? Chris and Sophie parse through the evidence. Also, some fan e-mail praising Sophie leads to some very long digressions and a promise to one day go geocaching.   Become a supporter of our show today either on Patreon or through PayPal! Thank you! http://www.patreon.com/thebodyofevidence/ https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=9QZET78JZWCZE   Email us your questions at thebodyofevidence@gmail.com. Editor:    Robyn Flynn Theme music: “Fall of the Ocean Queen“ by Joseph Hackl Rod of Asclepius designed by Kamil J. Przybos Chris' book, Does Coffee Cause Cancer?: https://ecwpress.com/products/does-coffee-cause-cancer Obviously, Chris is not your doctor (probably). This podcast is not medical advice for you; it is what we call information.   References: 1)The 2016 review on nasal dilators: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27367589/ 2)The 2 in 1 RCT paper in patients with chronic sinusitis: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31209698/ 3)American Academy of Sleep Medicine review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12938818/ 4)2016 review of nasal dilators and snoring apnea https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5187471/  

Day 2 features a loving-kindness affirmation practice—a single phrase to steady the mind and soften self-criticism. Inspired by the Gita's teaching of friendliness and compassion toward all beings and informed by modern RCT reviews of loving-kindness interventions. ABOUT THIS WEEK'S LOVING-KINDNESS JOURNEY Welcome to Loving-Kindness Meditation: A Daily Heart-Opening Series—a 7-day journey into the ancient practice of cultivating a steady, compassionate heart. This isn't "be positive" meditation, and it isn't personality-based inspiration. It's a classical inner training—rooted in timeless yogic reflections on maitrī (friendliness), compassion, joy, and equanimity—so your mind becomes clearer, your nervous system steadier, and your relationships more spacious. Across this week, you'll build a simple, repeatable heart practice using one focused technique each day: a loving-kindness visualization, a single phrase of kindness, calming breathwork, a heart-opening mudra, a heart-center (4th chakra) nurture practice, a layered "heart stack" you can use anytime, and a gentle weekly review to embody what you've learned. Come as you are—guarded, tender, hopeful, tired, or open. Loving-kindness doesn't require a perfect mood. It only asks for a sincere return. In just a few minutes each day, you'll practice opening the heart with steadiness—so compassion becomes less of an idea and more of a lived inner home. This is day 2 of a 7-day meditation series, "Loving-Kindness Meditation: A Daily Heart-Opening Series"  episodes 3465-3471. THIS WEEK'S CHALLENGE - "META-MICRO MISSION" Each day, send one tiny ripple of kindness: silently offer a loving-kindness phrase to yourself, a neutral person, and a difficult moment (not necessarily a difficult person). Keep it light—3 breaths each— and track your streak with a simple checkmark. THIS WEEK'S MEDITATION JOURNEY  Day 1:  Compassion Visualization Day 2:  Affirmation: "My heart is open and safe." Day 3:  Heart Coherent Breath: Inhale for 5, Exhale for 5, Repeat for 10 rounds. (Option: inhale "soften, exhale "kindness.") Day 4:  Lotus mudra for opening your heart Day 5:  Fourth chakra for love and gratitude Day 6:  Loving-Kindness Flow meditation, combining the week's techniques Day 7:  Weekly review meditation and closure SHARE YOUR MEDITATION JOURNEY WITH YOUR FELLOW MEDITATORS Let's connect and inspire each other! Please share a little about how meditation has helped you by reaching out to me at Mary@SipandOm.com or better yet -- direct message me on https://www.instagram.com/sip.and.om. We'd love to hear about your meditation ritual!  WAYS TO SUPPORT THE DAILY MEDITATION PODCAST SUBSCRIBE so you don't miss a single episode. Consistency is the KEY to a successful meditation ritual. SHARE the podcast with someone who could use a little extra support. I'd be honored if you left me a podcast review. If you do, please email me at Mary@sipandom.com and let me know a little about yourself and how meditation has helped you. I'd love to share your journey to inspire fellow meditators on the podcast! All meditations are created by Mary Meckley and are her original content. Please request permission to use any of Mary's content by sending an email to Mary@sipandom.com. FOR DAILY EXTRA SUPPORT OUTSIDE THE PODCAST Each day's meditation techniques are shared at: sip.and.om Instagram https://www.instagram.com/sip.and.om/ sip and om Facebook https://www.facebook.com/SipandOm/ SIP AND OM MEDITATION APP Looking for a little more support? If you're ready for a more in-depth meditation experience, allow Mary to guide you in daily 30-minute guided meditations on the Sip and Om meditation app. Give it a whirl for 7-days free! Receive access to 3,000+ 30-minute guided meditations customized around a weekly theme to help you manage emotions. Receive a Clarity Journal and a Slow Down Guide customized for each weekly theme.  2-Week's Free Access on iOS https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/sip-and-om/id1216664612?platform=iphone&preserveScrollPosition=true#platform/iphone All meditations are created by Mary Meckley and are her original content. Please request permission to use any of Mary's content by sending an email to Mary@sipandom.com.Let go of repetitive negative thoughts. Music composed by Christopher Lloyd Clark licensed by RoyaltyFreeMusic.com, and also by musician Greg Keller.