Podcasts about postgres

What do conference planning, hacking weddings, and cat-free coding sessions have to do with Postgres? In Episode 34 of Talking Postgres, Melanie Plageman—Postgres committer and major contributor from Microsoft—joins Claire for a lively deep dive into what developers can expect at PGConf.dev 2026 as Postgres turns 30. We explore new content formats, the role of travel grants, why Tuesday becomes a full conference day, and how the hallway track often shapes the next Postgres release. Plus: creating space for new contributors to get inspired and get involved. And yes—the CFP is open until Jan 16, 2026.Links mentioned in this episode:Podcast: Becoming a Postgres committer with Melanie PlagemanPodcast: How I got started as a dev and in Postgres with Melanie Plageman & Thomas MunroConference: PGConf.dev 2026CFP for PGConf.dev: CFP will close on Jan 16, 2026PGConf.dev 2026: AboutPGConf.dev 2026: Sponsorship levelsPGConf.dev 2026: Travel grant programSocial: LinkedIn account for PGConf.devPOSETTE: An Event for Postgres: POSETTE CFP is open until Feb 1, 2026Meetup: Post about inaugural PostgreSQL Nairobi Meetup in Dec 2025 PGDay Lowlands 2025: Debate on Kubernetes, session detailsPGDay Lowlands 2025: Debate about autotuning, session detailsConference talk at PGCon 2019: Intro to Postgres Planner Hacking, by Melanie PlagemanBlog post: The Pac-Man Rule at Conferences, by Eric HolsherDiscord invite for PostgreSQL Hacking Mentoring server: https://discord.gg/bx2G9KWyrYCal invite: LIVE recording of Ep35 of Talking Postgres to happen on Wed Jan 14, 2026

SQLite is embedded everywhere - phones, browsers, IoT devices. It's reliable, battle-tested, and feature-rich. But what if you want concurrent writes? Or CDC for streaming changes? Or vector indexes for AI workloads? The SQLite codebase isn't accepting new contributors, and the test suite that makes it so reliable is proprietary. So how do you evolve an embedded database that's effectively frozen?Glauber Costa spent a decade contributing to the Linux kernel at Red Hat, then helped build Scylla, a high-performance rewrite of Cassandra. Now he's applying those lessons to SQLite. After initially forking SQLite (which produced a working business but failed to attract contributors), his team is taking the bolder path: a complete rewrite in Rust called Turso. The project already has features SQLite lacks - vector search, CDC, browser-native async operation - and is using deterministic simulation testing (inspired by TigerBeetle) to match SQLite's legendary reliability without access to its test suite.The conversation covers why rewrites attract contributors where forks don't, how the Linux kernel maintains quality with thousands of contributors, why Pekka's "pet project" jumped from 32 to 64 contributors in a month, and what it takes to build concurrent writes into an embedded database from scratch.--Support Developer Voices on Patreon: https://patreon.com/DeveloperVoicesSupport Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/joinTurso: https://turso.tech/Turso GitHub: https://github.com/tursodatabase/tursolibSQL (SQLite fork): https://github.com/tursodatabase/libsqlSQLite: https://www.sqlite.org/Rust: https://rust-lang.org/ScyllaDB (Cassandra rewrite): https://www.scylladb.com/Apache Cassandra: https://cassandra.apache.org/DuckDB (analytical embedded database): https://duckdb.org/MotherDuck (DuckDB cloud): https://motherduck.com/dqlite (Canonical distributed SQLite): https://canonical.com/dqliteTigerBeetle (deterministic simulation testing): https://tigerbeetle.com/Redpanda (Kafka alternative): https://www.redpanda.com/Linux Kernel: https://kernel.org/Datadog: https://www.datadoghq.com/Glauber Costa on X: https://x.com/glcstGlauber Costa on GitHub: https://github.com/glommerKris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.socialKris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkinsKris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/--0:00 Intro3:16 Ten Years Contributing to the Linux Kernel15:17 From Linux to Startups: OSv and Scylla26:23 Lessons from Scylla: The Power of Ecosystem Compatibility33:00 Why SQLite Needs More37:41 Open Source But Not Open Contribution48:04 Why a Rewrite Attracted Contributors When a Fork Didn't57:22 How Deterministic Simulation Testing Works1:06:17 70% of SQLite in Six Months1:12:12 Features Beyond SQLite: Vector Search, CDC, and Browser Support1:19:15 The Challenge of Adding Concurrent Writes1:25:05 Building a Self-Sustaining Open Source Community1:30:09 Where Does Turso Fit Against DuckDB?1:41:00 Could Turso Compete with Postgres?1:46:21 How Do You Avoid a Toxic Community Culture?1:50:32 Outro

The Overtired trio reunites for the first time in ages, diving into a whirlwind of health updates, hilarious anecdotes, and the latest tech obsessions. Christina shares a dramatic spinal saga while Brett and Jeff discuss everything from winning reddit contests to creating a universal markdown processor. Tune in for updates on Mark 3, the magical world of Scrivener, and why Brett’s back on Bing. Don’t miss the banter or the tech tips, and as always, get ready to laugh, learn, and maybe feel a little overtired yourself. Sponsor Shopify is the commerce platform behind 10% of all eCommerce in the US, from household names like Mattel and Gymshark, to brands just getting started. Get started today at shopify.com/overtired. Chapters 00:00 Welcome to the Overtired Podcast 01:09 Christina’s Health Journey 10:53 Brett’s Insurance Woes 15:38 Jeff’s Mental Health Update 24:07 Sponsor Spot: Shopify 24:18 Sponsor: Shopify 26:23 Jeff Tweedy 27:43 Jeff’s Concert Marathon 32:16 Christina Wins Big 36:58 Monitor Setup Challenges 37:13 Ergotron Mounts and Tall Poles 38:33 Review Plans and Honest Assessments 38:59 Current Display Setup 41:30 Thunderbolt KVM and Display Preferences 42:51 MacBook Pro and Studio Comparisons 50:58 Markdown Processor: Apex 01:07:58 Scrivener and Writing Tools 01:11:55 Helium Browser and Privacy Features 01:13:56 Bing Delisting Incident Show Links Danny Brown's 10 in the New York Times (gift link) Indigo Stack Scrivener Helium Bangs Apex Apex Syntax Join the Marked 3 Beta LG 32 Inch UltraFine™evo 6K Nano IPS Black Monitor with Thunderbolt™ 5 Join the Conversation Merch Come chat on Discord! Twitter/ovrtrd Instagram/ovrtrd Youtube Get the Newsletter Thanks! You’re downloading today’s show from CacheFly’s network BackBeat Media Podcast Network Check out more episodes at overtiredpod.com and subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app. Find Brett as @ttscoff, Christina as @film_girl, Jeff as @jsguntzel, and follow Overtired at @ovrtrd on Twitter. Transcript Brett + 2 Welcome to the Overtired Podcast Jeff: [00:00:00] Hello everybody. This is the Overtired podcast. The three of us are all together for the first time since the Carter administration. Um, it is great to see you both here. I am Jeff Severance Gunzel if I didn’t say that already. Um, and I’m here with Christina Warren and I’m here with Brett Terpstra and hello to both of you. Brett: Hi. Jeff: Great to see you both. Brett: Yeah, it’s good to see you too. I feel like I was really deadpan in the pre-show. I’ll try to liven it up for you. I was a horrible audience. You were cracking jokes and I was just Jeff: that’s true. Christina, before you came on, man, I was hot. I was on fire and Brett was, all Brett was doing was chewing and dropping Popsicle parts. Brett: Yep. I ate, I ate part of a coconut outshine Popsicle off of a concrete floor, but Jeff: It is true, and I didn’t even see him check it [00:01:00] for cat hair, Brett: I did though. Jeff: but I believe he did because he’s a, he’s a very Brett: I just vacuumed in Jeff: He’s a very good American Brett: All right. Christina’s Health Journey Brett: Well, um, I, Christina has a lot of health stuff to share and I wanna save time for that. So let’s kick off the mental health corner. Um, let’s let Christina go first, because if it takes the whole show, it takes the whole show. Go for it. Christina: Uh, I, I will not take this hold show, but thank you. Yeah. So, um, my mental health is okay-ish. Um, I would say the okay-ish part is, is because of things that are happening with my physical health and then some of the medications that I’ve had to be on, um, uh, to deal with it. Uh, prednisone. Fucking sucks, man. Never nev n never take it if you can avoid it. Um, but why Christina, why are you on prednisone or why were you on prednisone for five days? Um, uh, and I’m not anymore to be clear, but that certainly did not help my mental health. Um, at the beginning of November, I woke up and I thought that I’d [00:02:00] slept on my shoulder wrong. And, um, uh, and, and just some, some background. I, I don’t know if this is pertinent to how my injury took place or not, but, but it, I’m sure that it didn’t help. Um, I have scoliosis and in the top and the bottom of my spine, so I have it at the top of my, like, neck area and my lower back. And so my back is like a crooked s um, this will be relevant in a, in a second, but, but I, I thought that I had slept on my back bunny, and I was like, okay, well, all right, it hurts a lot, but fine. Um, and then it, a, a couple of days passed and it didn’t get any better, and then like a week passed and I was at the point where I was like, I almost feel like I need to go to the. Emergency room, I’m in pain. That is that significant. Um, and, you know, didn’t get any better. So I took some of grant’s, Gabapentin, and I took, um, some, some, uh, a few other things and I was able to get in with like a, a, a sports and spine guy. Um, and um, [00:03:00] he looked at me and he was like, yeah, I think that you have like a, a, a bolting disc, also known as a herniated disc. Go to physical therapy. See me later. We’ll, we’ll deal with it. Um. Basically like my whole left side was, was, was really sore and, and I had a lot of pain and then I had numbness in my, my fingers and um, and, and that was a problem the next day, which was actually my birthday. The numbness had at this point spread to my right side and also my lower extremities. And so at this point I called the doctor and he was like, yeah, you should go to the er. And so I went to the ER and, and they weren’t able to do anything for me other than give me, you know, like, um, you know, I was hoping they might give me like, some sort of steroid injection or something. They wouldn’t do anything other than, um, basically, um, they gave me like another type of maybe, maybe pain pill or whatever. Um, but that allowed the doctor to go ahead and. Write, uh, write up an MRI took forever for me to get an MRI, I actually had to get it in Atlanta. [00:04:00] Fun fact, uh, sometimes it is cheaper to just pay and not go through insurance and get an MR MRI and, um, a, um, uh, an x-ray, um, I was able to do it for $450 Jeff: Whoa. Really? Christina: Yeah, $400 for the MR mri. $50 for the x-ray. Jeff: Wow. Christina: Yeah. Yeah. Brett: how I, they, I had an MRI, they charged me like $1,200 and then they failed to bill insurance ’cause I was between insurance. Christina: Yes. Yeah. So what happened was, and and honestly that was gonna be the situation that I was in, not between insurance stuff, but they weren’t even gonna bill insurance. And insurance only approved certain facilities and to get into those facilities is almost impossible. Um, and so, no, there are a lot of like get an MR, I now get a, you know, mammogram, get ghetto, whatever places. And because America’s healthcare system is a HealthScape, you can bypass insurance and they will charge you way less than whatever they bill insurance for. So I, I don’t know if it’s part of the country, you know, like Seattle I think might [00:05:00] probably would’ve been more expensive. But yeah, I was able to find this place like a mile from like, not even a mile from where my parents lived, um, that did the x-rays and the MRI for $450 total. Brett: I, I hate, I hate that. That’s true, but Christina: Me too. Me too. No, no. It pisses me off. Honestly, it makes me angry because like, I’m glad that I was able to do that and get it, you know, uh, uh, expedited. Then I go into the spine, um, guy earlier this week and he looks at it and he’s like, yep, you’ve got a massive bulging disc on, on C seven, which is the, the part of your lower cervical or cervical spine, which is your neck. Um, and it’s where it connects to your ver bray. It’s like, you know, there are a few things you can do. You can do, you know, injections, you can do surgery. He is like, I’m gonna recommend you to a neurosurgeon. And I go to the neurosurgeon yesterday and he was showing me or not, uh, yeah, yesterday he was showing me the, the, the, the scans and, and showing like you up close and it’s, yeah, it’s pretty massive. Like where, where, where the disc is like it is. You could see it just from one view, like, just from like [00:06:00] looking at it like, kind of like outside, like you could actually like see like it was visible, but then when you zoomed in it’s like, oh shit, this, this thing is like massive and it’s pressing on these nerves that then go into my, my hands and other areas. But it’s pressing on both sides. It’s primarily on my left side, but it’s pressing on on my right side too, which is not good. So, um, he basically was like, okay. He was like, you know, this could go away. He was like, the pain isn’t really what I’m wanting to, to treat here. It’s, it’s the, the weakness because my, my left arm is incredibly weak. Like when they do like the, the test where like they, they push back on you to see like, okay, like how, how much can you, what, like, I am, I’m almost immediately like, I can’t hold anything back. Right? Like I’m, I’m, I’m like a toddler in terms of my strength. So, and, and then I’m freaked out because I don’t have a lot of feeling in my hands and, and that’s terrifying. Um, I’m also. Jeff: so terrifying, Christina: I’m, I’m also like in extreme pain because of, of, of where this sits. Like I can’t sleep well. Like [00:07:00] the whole thing sucks. Like the MRI, which was was like the most painful, like 25 minutes, like of my existence. ’cause I was laying flat on my back. I’m not allowed to move and I’m just like, I’m in just incredible pain with that part of, of, of, of my, my side. Like, it, it was. It was terrible. Um, but, uh, but he was like, yeah. Um, these are the sorts of surgical options we have. Um, he’s gonna, um, do basically what what he wants to do is basically do a thing where he would put in a, um, an artificial or, or synthetic disc. So they’re gonna remove the disc, put in a synthetic one. They’ll go in through the, the front of my throat to access the, my, my, my, my spine. Um, put that there and, um, you know, I’ll, I’ll be overnight in the hospital. Um, and then it’ll be a few weeks of recovery and the, the, the pain should go away immediately. Um, but it, it could be up to two years before I get full, you know, feeling back in my arm. So anyway, Jeff: years, Jesus. And Christina: I mean, and hopefully less than that, but, but it could be [00:08:00] up to that. Jeff: there’s no part of this at this point. That’s a mystery to you, right? Christina: The mystery is, I don’t know how this happened. Jeff: You don’t know how it happened, right? Of course. Yeah, of course. Yeah. Yeah. Brett: So tell, tell us about the ghastly surgery. The, the throat thing really threw me like, I can’t imagine that Christina: yeah, yeah. So, well, ’cause the thing is, is that usually if what they just do, like spinal fusion, they’ll go in at the back of your neck, um, and then they’ll remove the, the, um, the, the, the, the disc. And then they’ll fuse your, your, your two bones together. Basically. They’ll, they’ll, they’ll, they’ll fuse this part of the vertebrae, but because they’re going to be replacing the, the disc, they need more room. So that’s why they have to go in through the, through, through basically your throat so that they can have more room to work. Jeff: Good lord. No thank you. Brett: Ugh. Wow. Jeff: Okay. Brett: I am really sorry that is happening. That is, that is, that dwarfs my health concerns. That is just constant pain [00:09:00] and, and it would be really scary. Christina: Yeah. Yeah. It’s not great. It’s not great, but I’m, I’m, I’m doing what I can and, uh, like I have, you know, a small amount of, of Oxycodine and I have like a, a, a, you know, some other pain medication and I’m taking the gabapentin and like, that’s helpful. The bad part is like your body, like every 12, 15 hours, like whatever, like the, the, the cycle is like, you feel it leave your system and like if you’re asleep, you wake up, right? Like, it’s one of those things, like, you immediately feel it, like when it leaves your system. And I’ve never had to do anything for pain management before. And they have me on a very, they have me like on the smallest amount of like, oxycodone you can be on. Um, and I’m using it sparingly because I don’t wanna, you know, be reliant on, on it or whatever. But it, it, but it is one of those things where I’m like, yeah, like sometimes you need fucking opiates because, you know, the pain is like so constant. And the thing is like, what sucks is that it’s not always the same type of pain. Like sometimes it’s throbbing, sometimes it’s sharp, sometimes it’s like whatever. It sucks. But the hardest thing [00:10:00] is like, and. This does impact my mental health. Like it’s hard to sleep. Like, and I’m a side sleeper. I’m a side sleeper, and I’m gonna have to become a back sleeper. So, you know. Yeah. It’s just, it’s, it’s not great. It’s not great, but, you know, that, that, that, that, that’s me. The, the good news is, and I’m very, very gratified, like I have a good surgeon. Um, I’m gonna be able to get in to get this done relatively quickly. He had an appointment for next week. I don’t think that insurance would’ve even been able to approve things fast enough for, for, for that regard. And I have, um, commitments that I can’t make then. And I, and that would also mean that I wouldn’t be able to go visit my family for Christmas. So hopefully I’ll do it right after Christmas. I’m just gonna wait, you know, for, for insurance to, to do its thing, knock on wood, and then schedule, um, from there. But yeah, Jeff: Woof. Christina: so that’s me. Um, uh, who wants to go next? Jeff or, uh, Jeff or Brett? Jeff: It’s like, that’s me. Hot potato throwing it. Brett: I’ll, I’ll go. Brett’s Insurance Woes Brett: I can continue on the insurance topic. Um, I was, for a few months [00:11:00] after getting laid off, I was on Minsu, which is Minnesota’s Medicaid, um, v version of Medicaid. And so basically I paid nothing and I had better insurance than I usually have with, uh, you know, a full deductible and premiums and everything. And it was fantastic. I was getting all the care I needed for all of the health stuff I’m going through. Um, I, they, a, a new doctor I found, ordered the 15 tests and I passed out ’cause it was so much blood and. And it, I was getting, but I was getting all these tests run. I was getting results, we were discovering things. And then my unemployment checks, the income from unemployment went like $300 over the cap for Medicaid. So [00:12:00] all of a sudden, overnight I was cut from Medicaid and I had to do an early sign up, and now I’m on courts and it sucks bad. Like they’re not covering my meds. Last month cost me $600. I was also paying. In addition to that, a $300 premium plus every doctor’s visit is 50 bucks out of pocket. So this will hopefully only last until January, and then it’ll flip over and I will be able to demonstrate basically no income, um, until like Mark makes enough money that it gets reported. Um, and even, uh, until then, like I literally am making under the, the poverty limit. So, um, I hope to be back on Medicaid shortly. I have one more month. I’ll have to pay my $600 to refill. I [00:13:00] cashed out my 401k. Um, like things were, everything was up high enough that I had made, I. I had made tens of thousands of dollars just on the investments and the 401k, but I also have a lot of concerns about the market volatility around Nvidia and the AI bubble in general. Um, so taking my money out of the market just felt okay to me. I paid the 10%, uh, penalty Jeff: Mm-hmm. Brett: and ultimately I, I came out with enough cash that I can invest on my own and be able to cover the next six months. Uh, if I don’t have any other income, which I hope to, I hope to not spend my nest egg. Um, but I did, I did a lot of thinking and calculating and I think I made the right choices. But anyway, [00:14:00] that will help if I have to pay for medical stuff that will help. Um. And then I’ve had insomnia, bad on and off. Right now I’m coming off of two days of good sleep. You’re catching me on a good day. Um, but Jeff: Still wouldn’t laugh at my jokes. Brett: before that it was, well, that’s the thing is like before that, it was four nights where I slept two to four hours per night, and by the end of it, I could barely walk. And so two nights of sleep after a stint like that, like, I’m just super, I’m deadpan, I’m dazed. Um, I could lay down and fall asleep at any time. Um, I, so, so keep me awake. Um, but yeah, that’s, that’s, that’s me. Mental health is good. Like I’m in pretty high spirits considering all this, like financial stuff and everything. Like my mood has been pretty stable. I’ve been getting a lot of coding done. I’ll tell you about projects in [00:15:00] a minute, but, um, but that’s, that’s me. I’m done. Jeff: Awesome. I’m enjoying watching your cat roll around, but clearly cannot decide to lay down at this point. Brett: No, nobody is very persnickety. Jeff: I literally have to put my. Well, you say put a cat down like you used to. When you put a kid down for a nap, you say you wanna put ’em down. Right? That’s where it’s coming from. I now have a chair next to my desk, ’cause I have one cat that walks around Yowling at about 11:00 AM while I’m working. And I have to like, put ’em down for a nap. It’s pathetic. It’s pathetic that I do that. Let’s just be clear. Brett: Yeah. Jeff: soulmate though. Jeff’s Mental Health Update Jeff: Um, I’m doing good. I’m, I’m, I’ve been feeling kind of light lately in a nice way. I’ve had ups and downs, but even with the ups and downs, there’s like a, except for one day last week was, there’s just been feeling kind of good in general, which is remarkable in a way. ’cause it’s just like stressful time. There’s some stressful business stuff, like, [00:16:00] a lot of stuff like that. But I’m feeling good and, and just like, uh, yeah, just light. I don’t know, it’s weird. Like, I’ve just been noticing that I feel kind of light and, uh. And not, not manic, not high light. Brett: Yeah. No, that’s Jeff: uh, and that’s, that’s lovely. So yeah. And so I’m doing good. I’m doing good. I fucking, it’s cold. Which sucks ’cause it just means for everybody that’s heard about my workshop over the years, that I can’t really go out there and have it be pleasant Brett: It’s, it’s been Minnesota thus far. Has had, we’ve had like one, one Sub-Zero day. Jeff: whatever. It’s fucking cold. Christina: Yeah. What one? Brett? Brett. It’s December 6th as we’re recording this one Sub-Zero day. That’s insane. Brett: Is it Jeff: Granted, granted I’ve been dressing warm, so I’m ready to go out the door for ice related things. Meaning, meaning government, ice, Brett: Uh, yeah. Yeah. Jeff: So I like wear my long underwear during [00:17:00] the day. ’cause actually like recently. So at my son’s school, which is like six blocks from here, um, has a lot of Somali immigrants in it. And, and uh, and there was a, at one point there was ice activity in the other direction, um, uh, uh, near me. And so neighbors put out a call here around so that at dismissal time people would pair up at all the intersections surrounding the school. And, um, and like a quick signal group popped up, whatever. It was so amazing because like we all just popped out there. And by the time I got out, uh, everyone was already like, posted up and I was like, I’m a, in these situations, I am a wanderer. You want me roaming? I don’t want to pair up with somebody I don’t like, I just, I grabbed a camera with a Zoom on it and like, I was like, I’m in roam. Um, it’s what I was as an activist, what I was as a reporter, like it’s just my nature. Um, but like. Everybody was out and like, and they were just like, they were ready man. And then we got like the all clear and you could just see people in the [00:18:00] neighborhood just like standing down and going home. But because of the true threat and the ongoing arrests here, now that the Minneapolis stuff has started, like I do, I was like wearing long underwear just, and I have a little bag by the door ready to like pop out if something comes up and I can be helpful. Um, and uh, and I guess what I’m saying is I should use that to go into the garage as well if I’m already prepared. Brett: Right. Jeff: But here’s, okay, so here’s a mental health thing actually. So I, one of the, I’ve gone through a few years of just sort of a little bit of paralysis around being able to just, I don’t know what, like do anything that is kind of project related that takes some thinking, whatever it is, like I’m talking about around the house or things that have kind of broken over the years, whatever. So I’ve had this snowblower and it’s a really good snowblower. It’s got headlights. And, uh, and I used to love snow blowing the entire block. Like it just made me feel good, made me feel useful. Um, and sorry I cough. I left it outside for a [00:19:00] year for a, like a winter and a spring and water got into the gas tank. It rusted out in there. I knew I couldn’t start it or I’d ruin the whole damn engine. So I left it for two years and I felt bad about myself. But this year, just like probably a month before the first big snowfall, I fucking replaced a gas tank and a carburetor on a machine. And I have never done anything like that in my life. And so then we got the snowfall and I, and I snow blowed this whole block Brett: Nice. Jeff: great. ’cause now they all owe me. Brett: I, uh, I have a, uh, so I have a little electric powered, uh, snowblower that can handle like two inches of snow. Um, and, and on big snowfalls, if you get out there every hour and keep up with it, it, it works. But, but I, my back right now, I can’t stand for, I can’t stand still for 10 minutes and I can’t move for more than like five minutes. And so I’m, I’m very disabled and El has good days and bad days, uh, thus [00:20:00] far. L’s been out there with a shovel, um, really being the hero. But we have a next door neighbor with a big gas powered snowblower. And so we went over, brought them gifts, and, um, asked if they would take care of our driveway on days we couldn’t, uh, for like, you know, we’d pay ’em 25 bucks to do the driveway. And, uh, and they were, he was still reluctant to accept money. Um. But, but we both agreed it was better to like make it a, a transaction. Jeff: Oh my God. You don’t want to get into weird Minnesota neighbor relational. Brett: right. You don’t want the you owe me thing. Um, so, so we have that set up. But in the process we made really good friends with our neighbor. Like we sat down in their living room for I think 45 minutes and just like talked about health and politics and it was, it was really fun. They’re, they’re retired. They’re in their [00:21:00] seventies and like act, he always looks super grumpy. I always thought he was a mean old man. He’s actually, he laughs more easily than most people I’ve ever met. Um, he’s actually, when people say, oh, he is actually a teddy bear, this guy really is, he’s just jovial. Uh, he just has resting angry old man face. Jeff: Or like my, I have public mis throat face, like when I’m out and about, especially when I’m shopping, I know that my face is, I’m gonna fucking kill you if you look me in the eye Brett: I used Jeff: is not my general disposition. Brett: people used to tell me that about myself, but I feel like I, I carry myself differently these days than I did when I was younger. Jeff: You know what I learned? Do you, have you both watched Veep, Christina: Yes, Jeff: you know, Richard sp split, right? Um, and, and he always kind of has this sweet like half smile and he is kind of looking up and I, I figured out at one point I was in an airport, which is where my kill everybody face especially comes up. Just to be clear. TSA, it’s just a feeling inside. I [00:22:00] have no desire to act to this out. I realized that if I make the Richard Plet face, which I can try to make for you now, which is something like if I just make the Richard Plet face, my whole disposition Brett: yeah. Yeah. Jeff: uh, and I even feel a little better. And so I just wanna recommend that to people. Look up Richard Spt, look at his face. Christina: Hey, future President Bridges split. Jeff: future President Richard Splat, also excellent in the Detroiters. Um, that’s all, uh, that’s all I wanted to say about that. Brett: I have found that like when I’m texting with someone, if I start to get frustrated, you know, you know that point where you’re still adding smiley emoticons even though you’re actually not, you’re actually getting pissed off, but you don’t wanna sound super bitchy about it, so you’re adding smile. I have found that when I add a smiley emoji in those circumstances, if I actually smile before I send it, it like my [00:23:00] mood will adjust to match, to match the tone I’m trying to convey, and it lessens my frustration with the other person. Jeff: a little joy wrist rocket. Christina: Yeah. Hey, I mean, no, but hey, but, but that, that, that, that, that’s interesting. I mean, they’re, they, they’ve done studies that like show that, right? That like show like, you know, I mean, like, some of this is all like bullshit to a certain extent, but there is something to be said for like, you know, like the power of like positive thinking and like, you know, if you go into things with like, different types of attitudes or even like, even if you like, go into job interviews or other situations, like you act confident or you smile, or you act happy or whatever. Even if you’re not like it, the, the, the, the euphoria, you know, that those sorts of uh, um, endorphin reactions or whatever can be real. So that’s interesting. Brett: Yeah, I found, I found going into job interviews with my usual sarcastic and bitter, um, kind of mindset, Jeff: I already hate this job. Brett: it doesn’t play well. It doesn’t play well. So what are your weaknesses? Fuck off. Um,[00:24:00] Christina: right. Well, well, well, I hate people. Jeff: Yeah. Dealing with motherfuckers like you, that’s one weakness. Sponsor Spot: Shopify Brett: let’s, uh, let’s do a sponsor spot and then I want to hear about Christina winning a contest. Christina: yes. Jeff: very Brett: wanna, you wanna take it away? Sponsor: Shopify Jeff: I will, um, our sponsor this week is Shopify. Um, have you ever, have you just been dreaming of owning your own business? Is that why you can’t sleep? In addition to having something to sell, you need a website. And I’ll tell you what, that’s been true for a long time. You need a payment system, you need a logo, you need a way to advertise new customers. It can all be overwhelming and confusing, but that is where today’s sponsor, Shopify comes in. shopify is the commerce platform behind millions of businesses around the world and 10% of all e-commerce in the US from household names like Mattel and Gym Shark to brands just getting started. Get started with your own design studio with hundreds of ready to use [00:25:00] templates. 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That was Jeff: Yeah. Cha-ching Brett: they got the chorus, they got the Overtired Christina: You did. You got the Overtired Jeff: They didn’t think to ask for it, but that’s our brand. Christina: shopify.com/ Overtired. Jeff Tweedy Jeff: What was, uh, I was watching a Stephen Colbert interview with Jeff Tweedy, who just put out a triple album and, uh, it was a very thoughtful, sweet interview. And then Stephen Colbert said, you know, you’re not supposed to do this. And Jeff Tweety said, it’s all part of my career long effort to leave the public wanting less. Christina: Ha, Jeff: That was a great bit. Christina: that’s a fantastic bit. A side note, there are a couple of really good NPR, um, uh, tiny desks that have come out in the last couple of month, uh, couple of weeks. Um, uh, one is shockingly, I, I’ll, I’ll just be a a, a fucking boomer about it. The Googo dolls. Theirs was [00:27:00] great. It’s fantastic. They did a great job. It already has like millions of views, like it wrecked up like over a million views, I think like in like, like less than 24 hours. They did a great job, but, uh, but Brandy Carlisle, uh, did one, um, the other day and hers is really, really good too. So, um, so yeah. Yeah, exactly. So yeah. Anyway, you said, you saying Jeff pd maybe, I don’t know how I got from Wilco to like, you know, there, Jeff: Yeah. Well, they’ve done some good, he’s done his own good Christina: he has, he has done his own. Good, good. That’s honestly, that’s probably what I was thinking of, but Jeff: It’s my favorite Jeff besides me because Bezos, he’s not in the, he’s not in the game. Christina: No. No, he’s not. No. Um, he, he’s, he’s not on the Christmas card list at all. Jeff: Oh man. Jeff’s Concert Marathon Jeff: Can I just tell you guys that I did something, um, I did something crazy a couple weeks ago and I went to three shows in one week, like I was 20 fucking two, Brett: Good grief. Jeff: and. It was a blast. So, okay, so the background of this is my oldest son [00:28:00] loves hip hop, and when we drive him to college and back, or when I do, it’s often just me. Um, he, he goes deep and he, it’s a lot of like, kind of indie hip hop and a lot. It’s just an interesting, he listens to interesting shit, but he will go deep and he’ll just like, give me a tour through someone’s discography or through all their features somewhere, whatever it is. And like, it’s the kind of input that I love, which is just like, I don’t, even if it’s not my genre, like if you’re passionate and you can just weave me through the interrelationship and the history and whatever it is I’m in. So as a result of that, made me a huge fan of Danny Brown and made me a huge fan of the sky, Billy Woods. And so what happened was I went to a hip hop show at the seventh Street entry, uh, which is attached to First Avenue. It’s a little club, very small, lovely little place, the only place my band could sell out. Um, and I watched a hip hop show there on a Monday night, Tuesday night. I went to the Uptown Theater, which Brett is now a actually an operating [00:29:00] theater for shows. Uh, and I, and I saw Danny Brown, but I also saw two hyper pop bands, a genre I was not previously aware of, including one, which was amazing, called Fem Tenal. And I was in line to get into that show behind furries, behind trans Kids. Like it was this, I was the weirdest, like I did not belong. Underscores played, and, and this will mean something to somebody out there, but not, didn’t mean anything to me until that night. And, uh. I felt like such, there were times, not during Danny Brown, Danny Brown’s my age all good. But like there were times where I was in the crowd ’cause I’m tall. Anybody that doesn’t know I’m very tall and I’m wearing like a not very comfortable or safe guy seeming outfit, a black hoodie, a black stocking cap. Like I basically looked like I’m possibly a shooter and, and I’m like standing among all these young people loving it, but feeling a little like, should I go to the back? Even like I was leaving that show [00:30:00] and the only people my age were people’s parents that were waiting to pick them up on the way out. So anyway, that was night two. Danny Brown was awesome. And then two nights later I went to see, this is way more my speed, a band called the Dazzling Kilman who were a band that. Came out in the nineties, St. Louis and a noisy Matthew Rock. Wikipedia claims they invented math rock. It’s a really stupid claim, uh, but it’s a lovely, interesting band and it’s a friend of mine named Nick Sakes, who’s who fronted that band and was in all these great bands back when I was in bands called Colos Mite and Sick Bay, and all this is great shit. So they played a reunion show. In this tiny punk rock club here called Cloudland, just a lovely little punk rock club. And, um, and, and that was like rounded out my week. So like, I was definitely, uh, a tourist the early part of the week, mostly at the Danny Brown Show. But then I like got to come home to my noisy punk rock [00:31:00] on, uh, on Thursday night. And I, I fucking did three shows and it hurt so bad. Like even by the first of three bands on the second night. I was like, I don’t think I can make it. And I do. I already pregame shows with ibuprofen. Just to be really clear, I microdose glucose tabs at shows like, like I am, I am a full on old man doing these things. But, um, I did get some cred with my kids for being at a hyper pop show all by myself. And, Christina: Hell yeah. A a Jeff: friends seemed impressed. Christina: no, as a as, as as they should be. I’m impressed. And like, and I, I, I typically like, I definitely go to like more of like, I go, I go to shows more frequently and, and I’m, I’m even like, I’m, I’m gonna be real with you. I’m like, yeah, three in one week. Jeff: That’s a lot. Christina: That’s a lot. That’s a lot. Jeff: man. Did I feel good when I walked home from that last show though? I was like, I fucking did it. I did not believe I wasn’t gonna bail on at least two of those shows, if not all three. Anyway, just wanted to say Brett: I [00:32:00] do like one show a year, but Jeff: that’s how I’ve been for years this year. I think I’ve seen eight shows. Brett: damn. Jeff: Yeah, it’s Brett: Alright, so you’ve been teasing us about this, this contest you won. Jeff: Yeah, please, Christina. Sorry to push that off. Christina: No, no, no, no. That’s, that’s completely okay. That, that, that, that’s great. Uh, no. Christina Wins Big Christina: So, um, I won two six K monitors. Brett: Damn. Jeff: is that what those boxes are behind you? Christina: Yeah, yeah. This is what the boxes are behind me, so I haven’t been able to get them up because this happened. I got them literally right in the midst of all this stuff with my back. Um, but I do have an Ergotron poll now that is here, and, and Grant has said that he will, will get them up. But yeah, so I won 2 32 inch six K monitors from a Reddit contest. Brett: How, how, how, Jeff: How does this happen? How do I find a Reddit contest? Christina: Yeah. So I got lucky. So I have, I, I have a clearly, well, well, um, there was a little, there was a little bit of like, other step to it than that, but like, uh, so how it worked was basically, um, LG is basically just put out [00:33:00] two, they put out a new 32 inch six K monitor. I’ll have it linked in, in, in the show notes. Um, so we’ve talked about this on this podcast before, but like one of my big, like. Pet peeve, like things that I can’t get past. It’s like I need like a retina screen. Like I need like the, the perfect pixel doubling thing for that the Mac Os deals with, because I’ve used a 5K screen, either through an iMac or um, an lg, um, ultra fine or, um, a, uh, studio display. For like 11 years. And, and I, and I’ve been using retina displays on laptops even longer than that. And so if I use like a regular 4K display, like it just, it, it doesn’t work for me. Um, you can use apps like, um, like better control and other things to kind of emulate, like what would be like if you doubled the resolution, then it, it down, you know, um, of samples that, so that. It looks better than, than if it’s just like the, the, the 4K stuff where in the, the user interface things are too big and whatnot. And to be clear, this is a Macco West problem. If [00:34:00] you are using Windows or Linux or any other operating system that does fractional scaling, um, correctly, then this is not a problem. But Macco West does not do fractional scaling direct, uh, correctly. Um, weirdly iOS can, like, they can do three X resolution and other things. Um, but, but, but Macs does not. And that’s weird because some of the native resolutions on some of the MacBook errors are not even perfectly pixeled doubled, meaning Apple is already having to do a certain amount of like resolution changes to, to fit into their own, created by their, their own hubris, like way of insisting on, on only having like, like two x pixel doubling 18 years ago, we could have had independent, uh, resolutions, uh, um, for, for UI elements and, and, and window bars. But anyway, I, I’m, I’m digressing anyway. I was looking at trying to get either a second, uh, studio display, which I don’t wanna do because Apple’s reportedly going to be putting out a new one. Um, and they’re expensive or getting, um, there are now a number of different six K [00:35:00] displays that are not $6,000 that are on the market. So, um, uh, uh, Asus has one, um, there is one from like a, a Chinese company called like, or Q Con that, um, looks like a, a complete copy of this, of the pro display XDR. It has a different panel, but it’s, it’s six K and they, they’ve copied the whole design and it’s aluminum and it’s glossy and it looks great, but I’d have to like get it from like. A weird distributor, and if I have any issues with it, I don’t really wanna have to send it back to China and whatnot. And then LG has one that they just put out. And so I’ve been researching these on, on Mac rumors and on some other forums. And, um, I, uh, I, somebody in one of the Mac Roomers forums like posted that there was like a contest that LG was running in a few different subreddits where they were like, tell us why you should get one of, like, we’re gonna be giving away like either one or two monitors, and I guess they did this in a few subreddits. Tell us why this would be good for your workflow. And, um, I guess I, I guess I’m one of the people who kind of read the [00:36:00] assignment because it, okay, I’ll just be honest with this, with, with you guys on this podcast, uh, because I, I don’t think anyone from LG will hear this and my answers were accurate anyway. But anyway, this was not the sort of contest where it was like we will randomly select a winner. This was the moderators and lg, were going to read the responses and choose the winner. Jeff: Got it. Christina: So if you spend a little bit of time and thoughtfully write out a response, maybe you stand a better chance of winning the contest. Jeff: yeah, yeah. Put the work in like it was 2002. Christina: Right. Anyway, I still was shocked when I like woke up like on like Halloween and they were like, congratulations, you’ve won two monitors. I’m like, I’m sorry. What? Jeff: That’s amazing. Christina: Yeah, yeah, yeah, Jeff: Nice work. I know I’ve, you know, I’ve been staring at those boxes behind you this whole time, just being like, those look like some sweet monitors. Christina: yeah, yeah. Monitor Setup Challenges Christina: I mean, and, uh, [00:37:00] uh, it’s, it’s, it’s, it’s, it’s, and I, I’m very much, so my, my, my only issue is, okay, how am I gonna get these on my desk? So I’m gonna have to do something with my iMac and I’m probably gonna have to get rid of my, my my, my 5K, um, uh, uh, studio display, at least in the short term. Ergotron Mounts and Tall Poles Christina: Um, but what I did do is I, um, I ordered from, um, Ergotron, ’cause I already have. Um, two of their, um, LX mounts, um, or, or, or, or arms. Um, and only one of them is being used right now. And then I have a different arm that I use for the, um, um, iMac. Um, they sell like a, if you call ’em directly, you can get them to send you a tall pole so that you can put the two arms on top of them. And that way I think I can like, have them so that I can have like one pole and then like have one on one side, one Jeff: I have a tall pole. Christina: and, and yeah, that’s what she said. Um, Jeff: as soon as I said it, I was like, for fuck’s sake. But Christina: um, but, uh, but, but yeah, but so that way I think I, I can, I, in theory, I can stack the market and have ’em side by side. I don’t know. Um, I got that. I, I had to call Tron and, and order that from them. [00:38:00] Um, it was only a hundred dollars for, for the poll and then $50 for a handling fee. Jeff: It’s not easy to ship a tall pole. Brett: That’s what she said. Christina: that is what she said. Uh, that is exactly what she said. But yeah, so I, I, the, the, the unfortunate thing is that, um, I, um, I, I had to, uh, get a, like all these, they, they came in literally right before Thanksgiving, and then I’ve had, like, all my back stuff has Jeff: Yeah, no Christina: debilitating, but I’m looking forward to, um, getting them set up and used. And, uh, yeah. Review Plans and Honest Assessments Christina: And then full review will be coming to, uh, to, I have to post a review on Reddit, but then I will also be doing a more in depth review, uh, on this podcast if anybody’s interested in, in other places too, to like, let let you know, like if it’s worth your money or not. Um, ’cause there, like I said, there are, there are a few other options out there. So it’s not one of those things where like, you know, um, like, thank you very much for the free monitor, um, monitors. But, but I, I will, I will give like the, the, you know, an honest assessment or Current Display Setup Brett: So [00:39:00] do you currently have a two display setup? Christina: No. Um, well, yes, and kind of, so I have my, my, I have my 5K studio display, and then I have like my iMac that I use as a two to display setup. But then otherwise, what I’ve had to do, and this is actually part of why I’m looking forward to this, is I have a 4K 27 inch monitor, but it’s garbage. And it, it’s one of those things where I don’t wanna use it with my Mac. And so I wind up only using it with my, with my Windows machine, with my framework desktop, um, with my Windows or Linux machine. And, and because that, even though I, it supports Thunderbolt, the Apple display is pain in the ass to use with those things. It doesn’t have the KVM built in. Like, it doesn’t like it, it just, it’s not good for that situation. So yeah, this will be of this size. I mean, again, like I, I, I’m 2 32 inch monitors. I don’t know how I’m gonna deal with that on my Jeff: I Brett: yeah. So right now I’m looking at 2 32 inch like UHD monitors, Christina: Yeah,[00:40:00] Brett: I will say that on days when my neck hurts, it sucks. It’s a, it’s too wide a range to, to like pan back and forth quickly. Like I’ll throw my back out, like trying to keep track of stuff. Um, but I have found that like if I keep the second display, just like maybe social media apps is the way I usually set it up. And then I only work on one. I tried buying an extra wide curve display, hated it. Jeff: Uh, I’ve always wanted to try one, but Christina: I don’t like them. Jeff: Yeah. Christina: Well, for me, well for me it’s two things. One, it’s the, I don’t love the whole like, you know, thing or whatever, but the big thing honestly there, if you could give me, ’cause people are like, oh, you can get a really big 5K, 2K display. I’m like, that’s not a 5K display. That is 2 27 inch, 1440 P displays. One, you know, ultra wide, which is great. Good for you. That’s not retina. And I’m a sicko Who [00:41:00] needs the, the pixel doubling? Like I wish that my eyes could not use that, but, but, but, Jeff: that needs the pixel. Like was that the headline of your Reddit, uh, Christina: no, no. It wasn’t, it wasn’t. But, but maybe it should be. Hi, I’m a sicko who only, um, fucks with, with, with, with, with, with, with retina displays. Ask me anything. Um, but no, but that’s a good point. Brett: I think 5K Psycho is the Christina: 5K Sicko is the po is the po title. I like that. I like that. No, what I’m thinking about doing and that’s great to know, Brett. Um, this kind of reaffirms my thing. Thunderbolt KVM and Display Preferences Christina: So what’s nice about these monitors is that they come with like, built in like, um, Thunderbolt 5K VM. So, which is nice. So you could conceivably have multiple, you know, computers, uh, connected, you know, to to, to one monitor, which I really like. Um, I mean like, ’cause like look, I, I’ve bitched and moaned about the studio display, um, primarily for the price, but at the same time, if mine broke tomorrow and if I didn’t have any way to replace it, I’ve, I’ve also gone on record saying I would buy a new one immediately. As mad as I am about a [00:42:00] lot of different things with that, that the built-in webcam is garbage. The, you know, the, the fact that there’s not a power button is garbage. The fact that you can’t use it with multiple inputs, it’s garbage. But it’s a really good display and it’s what I’m used to. Um, it’s really not any better than my LG Ultra fine from 2016. But you know what? Whatever it is, what it is. Um. I, I am a 5K sicko, but being able to, um, connect my, my personal machine and my work machine at the same time to one, and then have my Windows slash Linux computer connected to another, I think that’s gonna be the scenario where I’m in. So I’m not gonna necessarily be in a place where I’m like, okay, I need to try to look at both of them across 2 32 inch displays. ’cause I think that that, like, that would be awesome. But I feel like that’s too much. Brett: I would love a decent like Thunderbolt KVM setup that could actually swap like my hubs back and Christina: Yes. MacBook Pro and Studio Comparisons Brett: Um, so, ’cause I, I have a studio and I have my, uh, Infor MacBook Pro [00:43:00] and I actually work mostly on the MacBook Pro. Um, but if I could easily dock it and switch everything on my desk over to it, I would, I would work in my office more often. ’cause honestly, the M four MacBook Pro is, it’s a better machine than the original studio was. Um, and I haven’t upgraded my studio to the latest, but, um, I imagine the new one is top notch. Christina: Oh yeah. Yeah. Brett: my, my other one, a couple years old now is already long in the tooth. Christina: No, I mean, they’re still good. I mean, it’s funny, I saw that some YouTube video the other day where they were like, the best value MacBook you can get is basically a 4-year-old M1 max. And I was like, I don’t know about that guys. Like, I, I kind of disagree a little bit. Um, but the M1 max, which is I think is what is in the studio, is still a really, really good ship. But to your point, like they’ve made those, um. You know, the, the, the new ones are still so good. Like, I have an M three max as my personal laptop, and [00:44:00] that’s kind of like the dog chip in the, in the m um, series lineup. So I kind of am regretful for spending six grand on that one, but it is what it is, and I’m like, I’m not, I’m not upgrading. Um, I mean, maybe, maybe in, in next year if, if the M five Pro, uh, or M five max or whatever is, is really exceptional, maybe I’ll look at, okay, how much will you give me to, to trade it in? But even then, I, I, but I feel like I’m at that point where I’m like, it gets to a point where like it’s diminishing returns. Um, but, uh, just in terms of my own budget. But, um, yeah, the, the new just info like pro or or max, whatever, Brett: I have, I have an M four MacBook Pro sitting around that I keep forgetting to sell. Uh, it’s the one that I, it only had a 256 gigabyte hard drive, Jeff: what happened to me when I bought my M1, Brett: and I, and I regretted that enough that I just ordered another one. But, uh, for various reasons, I couldn’t just return the one I didn’t Jeff: ’cause it was.[00:45:00] Brett: so now I, now I have to sell it and I should sell it while it’s still a top of the line machine Christina: Sell it before, sell, sell, sell, sell it before next month, um, or, or February or whenever they sell it before then the, the pros come out. ’cause right now the M five base is out, but the pros are not. So I think feel like you could still get most of your value for it, especially since it has very few battery cycles. Be sure to put the battery cycles on your Facebook marketplace or eBay thing or whatever. Um, I bought my, uh, she won’t listen to this so she won’t know, but, um, they, there was a, a killer Cyber Monday deal, uh, for Best Buy where they had like a, the, the, the, so it’s several years old, but it was the, the M two MacBook Air, but the one that they upgraded to 16 gigs of Ram when Apple was like, oh, we have to have Apple Intelligence and everything, because they actually thought that they were actually gonna ship Apple Intelligence. So they like went back and they, like, they, they, you know, retconned like made the base model MacBook Air, like 16 [00:46:00] gigs. Um, and, uh, anyway, it was, it was $600, um, Jeff: still crazy. Christina: which, which like even for like a, a, a 2-year-old machine or whatever, I was like, yeah, she, my sister, I think she’s on like, like a 2014 or older than that. Like, like MacBook Air. She doesn’t even know where the MagSafe is. I don’t think she even knows where the laptop is. So she’s basically doing everything like on her phone and I’m like, okay, you need a laptop of some type, but at this point. I do feel strongly that like the, the, the $600 or, or, or actually I think it was $650, it was actually less, it is actually more expensive than what the, the, the Cyber Monday sale was, um, the M1, Walmart, MacBook Air. I’m like, absolutely not like that is at this point, do not buy that. Right? Like, I, especially with eight gigs of ram, I’m, I’m like, it’s been, it’s five years old. It’s a, it was a great machine and it was great value for a long time. $200. Cool, right? Like, if you could get something like use and, and, and, and if you could replace the battery or, you know, [00:47:00] for, for, you know, not, not too much money or whatever. Like, I, I, I could see like an argument to be made like value, right? But there’d be no way in hell that I would ever spend or tell anybody else to spend $650 on that new, but $600 for an M two with Jeff: Now we’re talking. Christina: which has the redesign brand new. I’m like, okay. Spend $150 more and you could have got the M four, um, uh, MacBook Air, obviously all around Better Machine. But for my sister, she doesn’t need that, Jeff: What do we have to do to put your sister in this M two MacBook Christina: that, that, that, that, that, that’s exactly it. So I, I, I was, well, also, it was one of those things I was like, I think that she would rather me spend the money on toys for my nephew for Santa Claus than, than, uh, giving her like a, a processor upgrade. Um, Jeff: Claus isn’t real. Brett: Oh shit. Jeff: Gotcha. Every year I spoil it for somebody. This year it was Christina and Brett. Sorry guys. Brett: right. Well, can I tell you guys Jeff: Yeah. [00:48:00] Brett Software. Brett: two quick projects before we do Jeff: Hold on. You don’t have to be quick ’cause you could call it Brett: We’re already at 45 minutes and I want Jeff: What I’m saying, skip GrAPPtitude. This is it? Brett: okay. Christina: us about Mark. Tell us about your projects. Brett: So, so Mark three is, there’s a public, um, test flight beta link. Uh, if you go to marked app.com, not marked two app.com, uh, marked app.com. Uh, you, there’s a link in the, in the, at the top for Christina: Join beta. Mm-hmm. Brett: Um, and that is public and you can join it and you can send me feedback directly through email because, um, uh, uh, the feedback reporter sucks for test flight and you can’t attach files. And half the time they come through as anonymous feedback and I can’t even follow up on ’em. So email me. But, um, I’ll be announcing that on my blog soon-ish. Um, right now there’s like [00:49:00] maybe a couple dozen, um, testers and I, it’s nice and small and I’m solving the biggest bugs right away. Um, so that’s been, that’s been big. Like Mark, even since we last talked has added. Do you remember Jeff when Merlin was on and he wanted to. He wanted to be able to manage his styles, um, and disable built-in styles. There’s now a whole table based style manager where you Jeff: saw that. Brett: you can, you can reorder, including built-in styles. You can reorder, enable, disable, edit, duplicate. Um, it’s like a full, full fledged, um, style manager. And I just built a whole web app that is a style generator that gives you, um, automatic like rhythm calculations for your CSS and you can, you can control everything through like, uh, like UI fields instead of having to [00:50:00] write CSS. Uh, but you can also o open up a very, I’ve spent a lot of time on the code mirror CSS editor in the web app. Uh, so, and it’s got live preview as you edit in the code mirror field. Um, so that’s pretty cool. And that’s built into marts. So if you go to style, um, generate style, it’ll load up a, a style generator for you. Anyway, there’s, there’s a ton. I’m not gonna go into all the details, but, uh, anyone listening who uses markdown for anything, especially if you want ability to export to like Word and epub and advanced PDF export, um, join the beta. Let me know what you think. Uh, help me squash bugs. But the other thing, every time I push a beta for review before the new bug reports come in, I’ve been putting time into a tool. Markdown Processor: Apex Brett: I’m calling [00:51:00] Apex and um, I haven’t publicly announced this one yet, but I probably will by the time this podcast comes out. Jeff: I mean, doesn’t this count? Brett: It, it does. I’m saying like this, this might be a, you hear you heard it here first kind of thing, um, but if you go to github.com/tt sc slash apex, um, I built a, uh, pure C markdown processor that combines syntax from cram down GitHub flavored markdown, multi markdown maku, um, common mark. And basically you can write syntax from any of those processors, including all of their special features, um, and in one document, and then use Apex in its unified mode, and it’ll just figure out what. All of your syntax is supposed to do. Um, so you can take, you can port documents from one platform to another [00:52:00] without worrying about how they’re gonna render. Um, if I can get any kind of adoption with Apex, it could solve a lot of problems. Um, I built it because I want to make it the default processor in marked ’cause right now, you, you have to choose, you know, cram Christina: Which one? Brett: mark and, and choosing one means you lose something in order to gain something. Um, so I wanted to build a universal one that brought together everything. And I added cool features from some extensions of other languages, such as if you have two lists in a row, normally in markdown, it’s gonna concatenate those into one list. Now you can put a carrot on a line between the two lists and it’ll break it into two lists. I also added support for a. An extension to cram down that lets you put double uh, carrots inside a table cell and [00:53:00] create a row band. So like a cell that, that expands it, you rows but doesn’t expand the rest of the row. Um, so you can do cell spans and row spans and it has a relaxed table version where you don’t have to have an alignment row, which is, uh, sometimes we just wanna make quickly table. You make two lines. You put some pipes in. This will, if there’s no alignment row, it will generate a table with just a table body and table data cells in no header. It also allows footers, you can add a footer to a table by using equals in the separator line. Um, it, it’s, Jeff: This is very civilized, Brett: it is. Christina: is amazing, Brett: So where Common Mark is extremely strict about things, um, apex is extremely permissive. Jeff: also itty bitty things like talk about the call out boxes from like Brett: oh yeah, it, it can handle call out syntax from Obsidian and Bear and Xcode Playgrounds. [00:54:00] Um, and it incorporates all of Mark’s syntax for like file includes and even renders like auto scroll pauses that work in marked and some other teleprompter situations. Um, it uses file ude syntax from multi markdown, like, which is just like a curly brace and, uh, marked, which is, uh, left like a double left, uh, angle bracket and then different. Brackets to surround a file name and it handles IA writer file inclusion where you just type a forward slash and then the name of a file and it automatically detects if that file is an image or source code or markdown text, and it will import it accordingly. And if it’s a CSV file, it’ll generate a table from it automatically. It’s, it’s kind of nuts. I, it’s kind of nuts. I could not have done this [00:55:00] without copilot. I, I am very thankful for copilot because my C skills are not, would not on their own, have been up to this task. I know enough to bug debug, but yeah, a lot of these features I got a big hand from copilot on. Jeff: This is also Brett. This is some serious Brett Terpstra. TURPs Hard Christina: Yeah, it is. I was gonna say, this is like Jeff: and also that’s right. Also, if your grandma ever wrote you a note and it, and though you couldn’t really read it, it really well, that renders perfectly Christina: Amazing. No, I was gonna say this is like, okay, so Apex is like the perfect name ’cause this is the apex of Brett. Jeff: Yes. Apex of Brett. Christina: That’s also that, that’s, that’s not an alternate episode title Apex of Brett. Because genuinely No, Brett, like I am, I am so stunned and impressed. I mean, you all, you always impressed me like you are the most impressive like developer that I, that I’ve ever known. But you, this is incredible. And, and this, I, I love this [00:56:00] because as you said, like common Mark is incredibly strict. This is incredibly permissive. But this is great. ’cause there are those scenarios where you might have like, I wanna use one feature from one thing or one from another, or I wanna combine things in various ways, or I don’t wanna have to think about it, you know? Brett: I aals, I forgot to mention I aals inline attribute list, which is a crammed down feature that lets you put curly brackets after like a paragraph and then a colon and then say, dot call out inside the curly brackets. And then when it renders the markdown, it creates that paragraph and adds class equals call out to the paragraph. Um, and in, in Cramon you can apply these to everything from list items to list to block quotes. Like you can do ’em for spans. You could like have one after, uh, link syntax and just apply, say dot external to a link. So the IAL syntax can add IDs classes and uh, arbitrary [00:57:00] attributes to any element in your markdown when it renders to HTML. And, uh, and Apex has first class support for I aals. Was really, that was, that Christina: that was really hard, Brett: I wrote it because I wanted, I wanted multi markdown, uh, for my prose writing, but I really missed the als. Christina: Yes. Okay. Because see, I run into this sort of thing too, right? Because like, this is a problem like that. I mean, it’s a very niche problem, um, that, that, you know, people who listen to this podcast probably are more familiar with than other types of people. But like, when you have to choose your markdown processor, which as you said, like Brett, like that can be a problem. Like, like with, with using Mark or anything else, you’re like, what am I giving up? What do I have? And, and like for me, because I started using mul, you know, markdown, um, uh, largely because of you, um, I think I was using it, I knew about it before you, but largely because of, of, of you, like multi markdown has always been like kind of my, or was historically my flavor of choice. It has since shifted to being [00:58:00] GitHub, labor bird markdown. But that’s just because the industry has taken that on, right? But there were, you know, certain things like in like, you know, multi markdown that work a certain way. And then yeah, there are things in crammed down. There are things in these other things in like, this is just, this is awesome. This Brett: It is, the whole thing is built on top of C mark, GFM, which is GitHub’s port of common mark with the GitHub flavored markdown Christina: Right. Brett: Um, and I built, like, I kept that as a sub-module, totally clean, and built all of this as extensions on top of Cmar, GFM, which, you know, so it has full compatibility with GitHub and with Common Merck by out, like outta the box. And then everything else is built on top of that. So it, uh, it covers, it covers all the bases. You’ll love it Christina: I’m so excited. No, this is awesome. And I Brett: blazing fast. It can render, I have a complex document that, that uses all of its features and it can render it in [00:59:00] 0.006 seconds. Christina: that’s awesome. Jeff: Awesome. Christina: That’s so cool. No, this is great. And yeah, I, and I think that honestly, like this is the sort of thing like if, yeah, if you can eventually get this to like be like the engine that powers like mark three, like, that’ll be really slick, right? Because then like, yeah, okay, I can take one document and then just, you know, kind of, you know, wi with, with the, you know, ha have, have the compatibility mode where you’re like, okay, the unified mode or whatever yo

Nik and Michael discuss max_connections, especially in the context of increasing it to solve problems like migrations intermittently failing(!) Here are some links to things they mentioned: max_connections https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-connection.html#GUC-MAX-CONNECTIONSTweet about deployments vs connections issue https://x.com/brankopetric00/status/1991394329886077090Nik tweet in response https://x.com/samokhvalov/status/1991465573684027443Analyzing the Limits of Connection Scalability in Postgres (blog post by Andres Freund) https://www.citusdata.com/blog/2020/10/08/analyzing-connection-scalability/Exponential Backoff And Jitter (blog post by Marc Brooker) https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/exponential-backoff-and-jitter/~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

In this episode, Aaron talks with Dennis Magda, author of Just Use Postgres!, about the wide world of modern Postgres, from JSON and full-text search to generative AI, time-series storage, and even message queues. They explore when Postgres should be your go-to tool, when it shouldn't, and why understanding its breadth helps developers build better systems.Use the code DBSmagda to get 45% off Denis' new book Just Use Postgres!Order Just Use Postgres!Follow Denis:Twitter/X:  https://twitter.com/denismagdaLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dmagdaFollow Aaron:Twitter/X:  https://twitter.com/aarondfrancis Database School: https://databaseschool.comDatabase School YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@UCT3XN4RtcFhmrWl8tf_o49g  (Subscribe today)LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aarondfrancisWebsite: https://aaronfrancis.com - find articles, podcasts, courses, and more.Chapters:00:00 – Welcome01:28 – Dennis' Background: Java, JVM, and Databases03:20 – Bridging Application Development & Databases04:05 – Moving Down the Stack: How Dennis Entered Databases07:28 – Apache Ignite, Distributed Systems & the Path to Postgres08:02 – Writing Just Use Postgres!: The Origin Story10:26 – Why a Modern Postgres Book Was Needed11:01 – The Spark That Led to the Book Proposal13:06 – Developers Still Don't Know What Postgres Can Do15:40 – Connecting With Manning & Refining the Book Vision16:38 – What Just Use Postgres! Covers17:40 – The Book's Core Thesis: The Breadth of Postgres19:50 – Favorite Use Cases & Learning While Writing20:30 – When to Use Postgres for Non-Relational Workloads23:08 – Full Text Search in Postgres Explained29:31 – When Not to Use Postgres (Pragmatism Over Fanaticism)34:01 – Using Postgres as a Message Queue42:09 – When Message Queues Outgrow Postgres48:10 – Postgres for Generative AI (PGVector)55:34 – Dennis' 14-Month Writing Process01:00:50 – Who the Book Is For01:04:10 – Where to Follow Dennis & Closing Thoughts

Chris and Daniel unpack how AI-driven document processing has rapidly evolved well beyond traditional OCR with many technical advances that fly under the radar. They explore the progression from document structure models to language-vision models, all the way to the newest innovations like Deepseek-OCR. The discussion highlights the pros and cons of these various approaches focusing on practical implementation and usage.Featuring:Chris Benson – Website, LinkedIn, Bluesky, GitHub, XDaniel Whitenack – Website, GitHub, XSponsors:Shopify – The commerce platform trusted by millions. From idea to checkout, Shopify gives you everything you need to launch and scale your business—no matter your level of experience. Build beautiful storefronts, market with built-in AI tools, and tap into the platform powering 10% of all U.S. eCommerce. Start your one-dollar trial at shopify.com/practicalaiFabi.ai - The all-in-one data analysis platform for modern teams. From ad hoc queries to advanced analytics, Fabi lets you explore data wherever it lives—spreadsheets, Postgres, Snowflake, Airtable and more. Built-in Python and AI assistance help you move fast, then publish interactive dashboards or automate insights delivered straight to Slack, email, spreadsheets or wherever you need to share it. Learn more and get started for free at fabi.aiFramer – Design and publish without limits with Framer, the free all-in-one design platform. Unlimited projects, no tool switching, and professional sites—no Figma imports or HTML hassles required. Start creating for free at framer.com/design with code `PRACTICALAI` for a free month of Framer Pro.Upcoming Events: Register for upcoming webinars here!

Dharshan Rangegowda, founder of ScaleGrid, left a decade-long engineering career at Microsoft to solve a painful database operations problem he had lived firsthand. After early missteps selling to enterprises, he shifted to helping developers manage MongoDB, Redis, and Postgres on the cloud, bootstrapping the business from scratch. ScaleGrid grew steadily through product depth, technical support, and Dharshan's mastery of SEO—becoming the top organic result for many key searches. The company expanded into multiple database engines, added a distributed engineering team, and reached 20 employees by 2021, serving both SMB developers and some enterprise teams.  Dharshan sold a majority stake to Spotlight Equity Partners during the pandemic after receiving an unsolicited offer, later stepping out of day-to-day operations while remaining on the board.  In this conversation, Dharshan shares hard-earned lessons about product-led growth, support as strategy, SEO as a long-game advantage, and how bootstrapped founders can build meaningful outcomes in massive markets.  Key Takeaways SEO Power: SEO remains a long-term growth engine for bootstrappers because big VC-backed companies rarely have the patience to compound it. Support as Strategy: Deep, responsive technical support became ScaleGrid's differentiator and directly informed product innovation and content. Start at the Edges: Enterprises won't buy from a one-person startup, but edge users with urgent problems will — and they become your early beachhead. Bootstrap Constraints: Founder over-frugality can limit growth; strategic delegation and early team building prevent burnout and plateauing. This Interview Is Perfect For Bootstrap SaaS founders Technical founders selling to developers Founders stuck in early traction or slow growth Anyone considering a PE exit or multi-year acquisition process Quote from Darshan Rangegowda, founder of ScaleGrid "You can't take random people and make them an entrepreneur. You have to want to be an entrepreneur and want to be on your own. You have to enjoy the freedom and the risk and the upside that comes with it and the unmitigated downside as well. You have to accept and be comfortable with it.  "You want to be on your own so you can try things. You are constantly looking at problems and new solutions. You want to be around people who like that sort of process: Here's a new problem and here's a new solution.  "But the most important thing you have to do as an entrepreneur is you have to add value to your customers. And most people forget that." Links Dharshan Rangegowda on LinkedIn ScaleGrid on LinkedIn ScaleGrid website Spotlight Equity Partners (acquirer) Allied Advisers (M&A advisor) AngelPad Accelerator Podcast Sponsor – Designli This podcast is sponsored by Designli, a digital product studio that helps entrepreneurs and startups turn their software ideas into reality. From strategy and design to full-scale development, Designli guides you through every step of building custom web and mobile apps. Learn more at designli.co/practical. The Practical Founders Podcast Tune into the Practical Founders Podcast for weekly in-depth interviews with founders who have built valuable software companies without big funding. Subscribe to the Practical Founders Podcast using your favorite podcast app or view on our YouTube channel. Get the weekly Practical Founders newsletter and podcast updates at practicalfounders.com. Practical Founders CEO Peer Groups Be part of a committed and confidential group of practical founders creating valuable software companies without big VC funding.  A Practical Founders Peer Group is a committed and confidential group of founders/CEOs who want to help you succeed on your terms. Each Practical Founders Peer Group is personally curated and moderated by Greg Head.

Nik and Michael discuss the various changes to EXPLAIN that arrived in Postgres 18. Here are some links to things they mentioned: EXPLAIN (official docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-explain.htmlUsing EXPLAIN (official docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/using-explain.html EXPLAIN glossary (pgMustard site) https://www.pgmustard.com/docs/explainPostgres 18 release notes https://www.postgresql.org/docs/release/18.0/Enable BUFFERS with EXPLAIN ANALYZE by default (commit) https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=c2a4078ebOur (first) BUFFERS by default episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/buffers-by-default Show index search count in EXPLAIN ANALYZE (commit) https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commitdiff;h=0fbceae841cb5a31b13d3f284ac8fdd19822ecebOur episode on Skip scan with Peter Geoghegan https://postgres.fm/episodes/skip-scanWhat do the new Index Searches lines in EXPLAIN mean? https://www.pgmustard.com/blog/what-do-index-searches-in-explain-meanpg_stat_plans presentation by Lukas Fittl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=26coQV3f-wkImprove EXPLAIN's display of window functions (commit) https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=8b1b34254Show Parallel Bitmap Heap Scan worker stats in EXPLAIN ANALYZE (commit) https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=5a1e6df3bAdd information about WAL buffers being full (commit) https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=320545bfc ~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

In this episode, Gajus Kuizinas, co-founder and CTO of Contra, joins Aaron to talk about building the engineering world you want to live in, from strict runtime-validated SQL with Slonik to creating high-ownership engineering cultures. They dive into developer experience, runtime assertions, SafeQL, and even “Loom-driven development,” a powerful review process that lets teams move fast without breaking things.Follow Gajus:Twitter/X:  https://twitter.com/kuizinasSlonk: https://github.com/gajus/slonikScaling article: https://gajus.medium.com/lessons-learned-scaling-postgresql-database-to-1-2bn-records-month-edc5449b3067Follow Aaron:Twitter/X:  https://twitter.com/aarondfrancis Database School: https://databaseschool.comDatabase School YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@UCT3XN4RtcFhmrWl8tf_o49g  (Subscribe today)LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aarondfrancisWebsite: https://aaronfrancis.com - find articles, podcasts, courses, and more.Chapters:00:00 – Introduction01:03 – Meet Gajus and Contra01:48 – What Contra does and how it's different05:34 – Why Slonik exists & early career origins07:47 – The early Node.js era and frustrations with ORMs09:50 – SQL vs abstractions and the case for raw SQL10:35 – Template tags and the breakthrough idea12:03 – Strictness, catching errors early & data shape guarantees13:37 – Runtime type checking, Zod, and performance debates16:02 – SafeQL and real-time schema linting17:01 – Synthesizing Slonik's philosophy21:29 – Handling drift, static types vs reality22:52 – Defining schemas per-query & why it matters27:59 – Integrating runtime types with large test suites31:00 – Scaling the team and performance tradeoffs33:41 – Runtime validation cost vs developer productivity35:21 – Real drift examples from payments & external APIs38:21 – User roles, data shape differences & edge cases39:51 – Integration test safety & catching issues pre-deploy40:52 – Contra's engineering culture41:47 – Why traditional PR reviews don't scale43:22 – Introducing Loom-Driven Development45:12 – How looms transformed the review process52:38 – Using GetDX to measure engineering friction53:07 – How the team uses AI (Claude, etc.)56:26 – Closing thoughts on DX and engineering philosophy58:05 – Contra needs Postgres experts59:00 – Where to find Gajus

Presque tous les devs l'utilisent… Sans rien y comprendre.

Episode SummaryIn this conversation, Robby sits down with software engineer and author Chris Zetter to explore what building a relational database from scratch can teach us about maintainability, architectural thinking, and team culture. Chris shares why documentation often matters more than perfectly shaped code, why pairing accelerates learning and quality, and why “boring technology” is sometimes the most responsible choice. Together they examine how teams get stuck in local maxima, how junior engineers build confidence, and how coding agents perform when asked to implement a database.Episode Highlights[00:01:00] What Makes Software MaintainableChris explains that well-maintained software is defined by how effectively it helps teams deliver value and respond to change. In some domains—like payroll systems—the maintainability burden shifts toward documentation rather than code organization.[00:03:50] Documentation vs. Code CommentsHe describes visual docs, system diagrams, and commit–ticket links as more durable sources of truth than inline comments, which tend to rot and discourage refactoring.[00:05:15] Rethinking Technical DebtChris argues that teams overuse the metaphor. He prefers naming the specific reason something is slow or brittle—like outdated libraries or rushed decisions—because that builds trust and clarity with product partners.[00:07:45] Where Core Debt Really LivesEarlier in his career he obsessed over long files; now he focuses on structural issues. Architecture, boundaries, and naming affect changeability far more than messy internals.[00:08:15] Pairing as the Default ToolChris loves pairing for its speed, clarity, and shared context. Remote pairing has removed obstacles like mismatched keyboard setups or cramped office seating. Tools like Tuple and Pop keep it smooth.[00:10:20] The Mob Tool and Fast Driver SwitchingHe explains how the Mob CLI tool makes switching drivers nearly instant, which keeps energy high and lets everyone work in their own editor environment, reducing friction and fatigue.[00:13:45] Pairing with Junior EngineersPairing helps newer developers avoid painful pull-request rework and builds confidence. But teams must balance pairing with opportunities for engineers to build autonomy.[00:20:50] Getting Feedback SoonerChris emphasizes speed of feedback: showing progress early to stakeholders prevents wasted days—and sometimes weeks—of heading in the wrong direction.[00:21:10] Boring Technology as a FeatureAfter being burned by abandoned frameworks, Chris champions predictable, well-supported tools for the big layers: language, framework, database. Novelty is great—but only in places where rollback is cheap.[00:23:20] Balancing Professional Development with Organizational NeedsDevelopers want experience with new technology; organizations want stability. Chris describes how leaders can channel curiosity safely and productively.[00:27:20] Build a Database ServerChris's book, Build a Database Server, is a practical, language-agnostic guide to building a relational database from scratch. It uses a test suite as a feedback loop so developers can experiment, refactor, and learn architectural trade-offs along the way.[00:31:45] What Writing the Book Taught HimCreating a database deepened his appreciation for Postgres maintainers. He highlights the number of moving parts—storage engine, type system, query planner, wire protocol—and how academic papers often skip hands-on guidance.[00:33:00] Experimenting with Coding AgentsChris tested coding agents by giving them the book's test suite. They passed many tests but produced brittle, incoherent architecture. Without a feedback loop for quality, the agents aimed only to satisfy test conditions—not build maintainable systems.[00:36:55] Escaping a Local Maxima Through a Design SprintChris shares a story of a team stuck maintaining a system that no longer fit business needs. A design sprint gave them space to reimagine the system, clarify naming, validate concepts, and identify which pieces were worth reusing.[00:40:40] Rewrite vs. RefactorHe leans toward refactor for large systems but supports small, isolated rewrites when boundaries are clear.[00:41:40] Building Trust in Legacy CodeWhen inheriting an old codebase, Chris advises starting with a small bug fix or UI tweak to understand deployment pipelines, test coverage, and failure modes before tackling bigger improvements.[00:43:20] Recommended ReadingChris recommends _Turn the Ship Around! for its lessons on empowering teams to act with intent instead of waiting for permission.Resources MentionedBuild a Database ServerChris Zetter's blogThe Mob Programming CLI ToolTuplePopTurn the Ship Around!Thanks to Our Sponsor!Turn hours of debugging into just minutes! AppSignal is a performance monitoring and error-tracking tool designed for Ruby, Elixir, Python, Node.js, Javascript, and other frameworks.It offers six powerful features with one simple interface, providing developers with real-time insights into the performance and health of web applications.Keep your coding cool and error-free, one line at a time! Use the code maintainable to get a 10% discount for your first year. Check them out! Subscribe to Maintainable on:Apple PodcastsSpotifyOr search "Maintainable" wherever you stream your podcasts.Keep up to date with the Maintainable Podcast by joining the newsletter.

For memberships: join this channel as a member here:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_mGuY4g0mggeUGM6V1osdA/joinExploring Cloud Databases, Scalability, and Simple Engineering with Sam Lambert, CEO of PlanetScaleIn this episode of The Geek Narrator podcast, we welcome Sam Lambert, CEO and Co-Founder of PlanetScale, known for creating the world's fastest and most scalable cloud database. Sam shares his insights on databases, operational excellence, and simple engineering. We discuss topics such as scalability, Postgres versus MySQL, and replication. Sam also talks about handling complexity in engineering, the unique features of Vites, and how PlanetScale achieves high availability. Don't miss this deep dive into the future of cloud databases. Like, share, and subscribe to support the channel!Chapters:00:00 Introduction and Episode Overview01:13 Meet Sam Lambert: Background and Career02:42 Balancing Work and Social Media05:48 The Philosophy of Simple Engineering14:21 The Slotted Counter Pattern at GitHub18:27 Postgres vs MySQL: Design Flaws and Philosophical Differences28:58 Sharding and Scaling with Vitess37:01 Database Branching and Schema Changes38:50 Common Practices in Startups39:07 Challenges with Data Branching40:45 Legal and Ethical Considerations42:31 Staging Environments vs. Dev Branches45:26 Trade-offs in Cloud Databases52:41 Replication and Durability01:00:02 Ensuring High Availability01:08:04 Backup Strategies and Testing01:10:41 Conclusion and Final ThoughtsLearn about PlanetScale: https://planetscale.com/For memberships: join this channel as a member here:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_mGuY4g0mggeUGM6V1osdA/joinDon't forget to like, share, and subscribe for more insights!=============================================================================Like building stuff? Try out CodeCrafters and build amazing real world systems like Redis, Kafka, Sqlite. Use the link below to signup and get 40% off on paid subscription.https://app.codecrafters.io/join?via=geeknarrator=============================================================================Database internals series: https://youtu.be/yV_Zp0Mi3xsPopular playlists:Realtime streaming systems: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4se-mAKKoVOs3VcaP71X_LA-Software Engineering: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4sf6By03bot5BhKoMgxDUU17Distributed systems and databases: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4sfLDUnjBJXJGFhhz94jDd_dModern databases: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4scSeZAsCUXijtnfW5ARlrsNStay Curios! Keep Learning!

Nik talks Michael through a recent benchmark he worked with Maxim Boguk on, to see how quickly they could provision a replica. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Ultra-fast replica creation with pgBackRest (blog post by Maxim Boguk and Nik) https://postgres.ai/blog/20251105-postgres-marathon-2-012-ultra-fast-replica-creation-pgbackrestCopying a database episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/copying-a-databaseAdd snapshot backup support for PostgreSQL in wal-g (draft PR by Andrey Borodin) https://github.com/wal-g/wal-g/pull/2101Multi-threaded pg_basebackup discussion 1: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAEHH7R4%3D_GN%2BLSsj0YZOXZ13yc%3DGk9umJOLNopjS%3DimK0c1mWA%40mail.gmail.comMulti-threaded pg_basebackup discussion 2: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/io_method https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-IO-METHOD pgBackRest https://github.com/pgbackrest/pgbackrestAdd sequence synchronization for logical replication (commit) https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=5509055d6956745532e65ab218e15b99d87d66ce Allow process priority to be set (pgBackRest feature added by David Steele) https://github.com/pgbackrest/pgbackrest/pull/2693 Hard limit on process-max (pgBackRest issue from 2019) https://github.com/pgbackrest/pgbackrest/issues/696 ~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Postgres has quietly become the world's favorite database...running startups, governments, and global clouds alike. Scott talks with Claire Giordano, long-time Postgres advocate and technologist, about the database's unlikely rise from academic roots to modern dominance. They explore its design philosophy, the open-source community that fuels it, and why Postgres keeps winning even in the age of AI and hyperscale data.https://www.postgresql.org/

Waymo's VP of Research, Drago Anguelov, joins Practical AI to explore how advances in autonomy, vision models, and large-scale testing are shaping the future of driverless technology. The conversation dives into the dual challenges of building an onboard driver and testing that driver (via large scale simulation). Drago also gives us an update on what Waymo is doing to achieve intelligent, real-time performance while ensuring proven safety and reliability.Featuring:Drago Anguelov – LinkedInChris Benson – Website, LinkedIn, Bluesky, GitHub, XDaniel Whitenack – Website, GitHub, XLinks:Waymo ResearchNew Insights for Scaling Laws in Autonomous DrivingAI in MotionSponsors: Outshift by Cisco - The open source collective building the Internet of Agents. Backed by Outshift by Cisco, AGNTCY gives developers the tools to build and deploy multi-agent software at scale. Identity, communication protocols, and modular workflows—all in one global collaboration layer. Start building at AGNTCY.org.Shopify – The commerce platform trusted by millions. From idea to checkout, Shopify gives you everything you need to launch and scale your business—no matter your level of experience. Build beautiful storefronts, market with built-in AI tools, and tap into the platform powering 10% of all U.S. eCommerce. Start your one-dollar trial at shopify.com/practicalaiFabi.ai - The all-in-one data analysis platform for modern teams. From ad hoc queries to advanced analytics, Fabi lets you explore data wherever it lives—spreadsheets, Postgres, Snowflake, Airtable and more. Built-in Python and AI assistance help you move fast, then publish interactive dashboards or automate insights delivered straight to Slack, email, spreadsheets or wherever you need to share it. Learn more and get started for free at fabi.aiUpcoming Events: Register for upcoming webinars here!

In this episode of Crazy Wisdom, host Stewart Alsop talks with Jessica Talisman, founder of Contextually and creator of the Ontology Pipeline, about the deep connections between knowledge management, library science, and the emerging world of AI systems. Together they explore how controlled vocabularies, ontologies, and metadata shape meaning for both humans and machines, why librarianship has lessons for modern tech, and how cultural context influences what we call “knowledge.” Jessica also discusses the rise of AI librarians, the problem of “AI slop,” and the need for collaborative, human-centered knowledge ecosystems. You can learn more about her work at Ontology Pipeline and find her writing and talks on LinkedIn.Check out this GPT we trained on the conversationTimestamps00:00 Stewart Alsop welcomes Jessica Talisman to discuss Contextually, ontologies, and how controlled vocabularies ground scalable systems.05:00 They compare philosophy's ontology with information science, linking meaning, categorization, and sense-making for humans and machines.10:00 Jessica explains why SQL and Postgres can't capture knowledge complexity and how neuro-symbolic systems add context and interoperability.15:00 The talk turns to library science's split from big data in the 1990s, metadata schemas, and the FAIR principles of findability and reuse.20:00 They discuss neutrality, bias in corporate vocabularies, and why “touching grass” matters for reconciling internal and external meanings.25:00 Conversation shifts to interpretability, cultural context, and how Western categorical thinking differs from China's contextual knowledge.30:00 Jessica introduces process knowledge, documentation habits, and the danger of outsourcing how-to understanding.35:00 They explore knowledge as habit, the tension between break-things culture and library design thinking, and early AI experiments.40:00 Libraries' strategic use of AI, metadata precision, and the emerging role of AI librarians take focus.45:00 Stewart connects data labeling, Surge AI, and the economics of good data with Jessica's call for better knowledge architectures.50:00 They unpack content lifecycle, provenance, and user context as the backbone of knowledge ecosystems.55:00 The talk closes on automation limits, human-in-the-loop design, and Jessica's vision for collaborative consulting through Contextually.Key InsightsOntology is about meaning, not just data structure. Jessica Talisman reframes ontology from a philosophical abstraction into a practical tool for knowledge management—defining how things relate and what they mean within systems. She explains that without clear categories and shared definitions, organizations can't scale or communicate effectively, either with people or with machines.Controlled vocabularies are the foundation of AI literacy. Jessica emphasizes that building a controlled vocabulary is the simplest and most powerful way to disambiguate meaning for AI. Machines, like people, need context to interpret language, and consistent terminology prevents the “hallucinations” that occur when systems lack semantic grounding.Library science predicted today's knowledge crisis. Stewart and Jessica trace how, in the 1990s, tech went down the path of “big data” while librarians quietly built systems of metadata, ontologies, and standards like schema.org. Today's AI challenges—interoperability, reliability, and information overload—mirror problems library science has been solving for decades.Knowledge is culturally shaped. Drawing from Patrick Lambe's work, Jessica notes that Western knowledge systems are category-driven, while Chinese systems emphasize context. This cultural distinction explains why global AI models often miss nuance or moral voice when trained on limited datasets.Process knowledge is disappearing. The West has outsourced its “how-to” knowledge—what Jessica calls process knowledge—to other countries. Without documentation habits, we risk losing the embodied know-how that underpins manufacturing, engineering, and even creative work.Automation cannot replace critical thinking. Jessica warns against treating AI as “room service.” Automation can support, but not substitute, human judgment. Her own experience with a contract error generated by an AI tool underscores the importance of review, reflection, and accountability in human–machine collaboration.Collaborative consulting builds knowledge resilience. Through her consultancy, Contextually, Jessica advocates for “teaching through doing”—helping teams build their own ontologies and vocabularies rather than outsourcing them. Sustainable knowledge systems, she argues, depend on shared understanding, not just good technology.

Dan and Chris unpack whether today's surge in AI deployment across enterprise workflows, manufacturing, healthcare, and scientific research signals a lasting transformation or an overhyped bubble. Drawing parallels to the dot-com era, they explore how technology integration is reshaping industries, affecting jobs, and even influencing human cognition, ultimately asking: is this a bubble, or just a fizzy new phase of innovation?Featuring:Chris Benson – Website, LinkedIn, Bluesky, GitHub, XDaniel Whitenack – Website, GitHub, XLinks: Powell says that, unlike the dotcom boom, AI spending isn't a bubble: ‘I won't go into particular names, but they actually have earnings'Sponsors:Outshift by Cisco - The open source collective building the Internet of Agents. Backed by Outshift by Cisco, AGNTCY gives developers the tools to build and deploy multi-agent software at scale. Identity, communication protocols, and modular workflows—all in one global collaboration layer. Start building at AGNTCY.org.Shopify – The commerce platform trusted by millions. From idea to checkout, Shopify gives you everything you need to launch and scale your business—no matter your level of experience. Build beautiful storefronts, market with built-in AI tools, and tap into the platform powering 10% of all U.S. eCommerce. Start your one-dollar trial at shopify.com/practicalaiFabi.ai - The all-in-one data analysis platform for modern teams. From ad hoc queries to advanced analytics, Fabi lets you explore data wherever it lives—spreadsheets, Postgres, Snowflake, Airtable and more. Built-in Python and AI assistance help you move fast, then publish interactive dashboards or automate insights delivered straight to Slack, email, spreadsheets or wherever you need to share it. Learn more and get started for free at fabi.aiUpcoming Events: Join us at the Midwest AI Summit on November 13 in Indianapolis to hear world-class speakers share how they've scaled AI solutions. Don't miss the AI Engineering Lounge, where you can sit down with experts for hands-on guidance. Reserve your spot today!Register for upcoming webinars here!

What do guitar busking, geospatial queries, and agentic coding have to do with Postgres? In Episode 33 of Talking Postgres, principal engineer Rob Emanuele at Microsoft shares his winding path from Venice Beach to building a new VS Code extension for PostgreSQL—that works with any Postgres, anywhere. We dig into GitHub Copilot, ask vs. agent mode, and how Rob now codes in English—and then spends even more time in code review to decide what's good, what's bad, and what's dangerous. Also: how PyCon changed his life; his work on the Microsoft Planetary Computer with spatio-temporal queries and PostGIS; and how music, improv, and failure shape his approach to developer experience. Links mentioned in this episode:Visual Studio Marketplace: VS Code extension for PostgreSQL with ~261K downloads to dateGitHub repo: VS Code extension for PostgreSQL (for issues/discussions)Docs: GitHub Copilot agent modePOSETTE 2025 Talk: Introducing Microsoft's VS Code Extension for PostgreSQL, by Matt McFarlandVS Code Live: Working with PostgreSQL databases with the Microsoft PostgreSQL VS Code extension, with Olivia Guzzardo & Rob EmanueleTalking Postgres Ep30: AI for data engineers with Simon WillisonPostgres Meetup for All: VS Code Tools for Postgres, happening on Thu Dec 11, 2025 Wikipedia: DogfoodingTalking Postgres Ep07: Why people care about PostGIS and Postgres with Paul Ramsey & Regina ObePOSETTE 2024 keynote: The Open Source Geospatial Community, PostGIS, & Postgres, by Regina ObeWebsite: Microsoft Planetary ComputerGitHub repo: PgSTACCal invite: LIVE recording of Ep34 of Talking Postgres to happen on Wed Dec 10, 2025

Nik and Michael discuss the concept of gapless sequences — when you might want one, why sequences in Postgres can have gaps, and an idea or two if you do want them.And one quick clarification: changing the CACHE option in CREATE SEQUENCE can lead to even more gaps, the docs mention it explicitly. Here are some links to things they mentioned:CREATE SEQUENCE https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createsequence.htmlSequence Manipulation Functions https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-sequence.htmlOne, Two, Skip a Few (post by Pete Hamilton from Incident io) https://incident.io/blog/one-two-skip-a-fewPostgres sequences can commit out-of-order (blog post by Anthony Accomazzo / Sequin) https://blog.sequinstream.com/postgres-sequences-can-commit-out-of-orderLogical Replication of sequences (hackers thread) https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CAA4eK1LC%2BKJiAkSrpE_NwvNdidw9F2os7GERUeSxSKv71gXysQ%40mail.gmail.comSynchronization of sequences to subscriber (patch entry in commitfest) https://commitfest.postgresql.org/patch/5111/Get or Create (episode with Haki Benita) https://postgres.fm/episodes/get-or-createGerman tank problem https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_tank_problem~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

En este episodio, me enfrento a un desafío de rendimiento real: el consumo de CPU de PostgreSQL se dispara, pero sin alta actividad de lectura/escritura.Viajaremos a través de un diagnóstico detallado utilizando herramientas nativas de Postgres como pg_stat_activity y pg_stat_statements para desenmascarar las causas ocultas:La Sobrecarga de Conexión: Descubriremos cómo un simple healthcheck de Docker (pg_isready) configurado incorrectamente puede paralizar tu servidor por el alto overhead de gestión de procesos.El Cuello de Botella de la Aplicación: Analizamos y corregimos un error de diseño de código en Rust/Axum donde se recompilan Expresiones Regulares (Regex) en cada petición, consumiendo innecesariamente ciclos de CPU.Una lección práctica esencial para cualquiera que gestione bases de datos, despliegues en Docker o desarrolle aplicaciones eficientes en Rust en entornos Linux. Aprende a identificar estos fallos y a optimizar tu código mediante la precompilación de Regex utilizando TryFrom y Arc.Más información y enlaces en las notas del episodio

For memberships: join this channel as a member here:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_mGuY4g0mggeUGM6V1osdA/joinSummaryIn this conversation, Philipp discusses the innovations behind CedarDB, a database system designed from scratch to optimize performance for modern hardware. He explains the foundational principles of compiling SQL to machine code, the importance of parallel processing, and the challenges of maintaining Postgres compatibility. The discussion also covers the system's approach to handling transactional and analytical workloads, data ingestion processes, query optimization strategies, and future developments including schema evolution and disaggregated storage.Takeaways:- CedarDB is built from the ground up to utilize modern hardware effectively.- The system compiles SQL directly to machine code for performance.- Parallel processing is a key feature, allowing efficient use of multiple cores.- CedarDB aims to be Postgres compatible while innovating on performance.- Transactional workloads are handled efficiently without sacrificing analytical capabilities.- Data ingestion is optimized for both row-oriented and columnar formats.- The system uses optimistic concurrency control to manage write conflicts.- Query optimization leverages statistics to improve join performance.- Future developments include schema evolution and disaggregated storage.- CedarDB is designed to be flexible and adaptable for various workloads.Chapters00:00 Introduction to CDRDB and Background of Philipp05:36 Compiling SQL to Machine Code for Performance11:25 General Purpose vs. Analytical Databases16:51 Transactional Workloads and Hybrid Storage Engine54:29 Understanding B-Tree and Columnar Storage01:02:18 Data Duplication and Memory Efficiency01:08:43 Indexing Strategies and B-Tree Optimization01:15:57 Handling Write Conflicts and Transaction Management01:24:10 Query Optimization and Join Strategies01:33:28 Future Developments in Schema Evolution and StorageImportant Links:CedarDB: https://cedardb.com/The Umbra research project: https://umbra-db.com/SQL Query Compilation: http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol4/p539-neumann.pdfOptimistic B-Trees: https://cedardb.com/blog/optimistic_btrees/Our B-Tree storage engine: https://cedardb.com/blog/colibri/For memberships: join this channel as a member here:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_mGuY4g0mggeUGM6V1osdA/joinDon't forget to like, share, and subscribe for more insights!=============================================================================Like building stuff? Try out CodeCrafters and build amazing real world systems like Redis, Kafka, Sqlite. Use the link below to signup and get 40% off on paid subscription.https://app.codecrafters.io/join?via=geeknarrator=============================================================================Database internals series: https://youtu.be/yV_Zp0Mi3xsPopular playlists:Realtime streaming systems: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4se-mAKKoVOs3VcaP71X_LA-Software Engineering: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4sf6By03bot5BhKoMgxDUU17Distributed systems and databases: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4sfLDUnjBJXJGFhhz94jDd_dModern databases: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLL7QpTxsA4scSeZAsCUXijtnfW5ARlrsNStay Curios! Keep Learning!

In this fully connected episode, Daniel and Chris explore the emerging concept of tiny recursive networks introduced by Samsung AI, contrasting them with large transformer based models. They explore how these small models tackle reasoning tasks with fewer parameters, less data, and iterative refinement, matching the giants on specific problems. They also discuss the ethical challenges of emotional manipulation in chatbots.Featuring: Chris Benson – Website, LinkedIn, Bluesky, GitHub, XDaniel Whitenack – Website, GitHub, XLinks:Less is More: Recursive Reasoning with Tiny NetworksResearchers detail 6 ways chatbots seek to prolong ‘emotionally sensitive events'Sponsors:Outshift by Cisco - The open source collective building the Internet of Agents. Backed by Outshift by Cisco, AGNTCY gives developers the tools to build and deploy multi-agent software at scale. Identity, communication protocols, and modular workflows—all in one global collaboration layer. Start building at AGNTCY.org.Fabi.ai - The all-in-one data analysis platform for modern teams. From ad hoc queries to advanced analytics, Fabi lets you explore data wherever it lives—spreadsheets, Postgres, Snowflake, Airtable and more. Built-in Python and AI assistance help you move fast, then publish interactive dashboards or automate insights delivered straight to Slack, email, spreadsheets or wherever you need to share it. Learn more and get started for free at fabi.aiMiro – The innovation workspace for the age of AI. Built for modern teams, Miro helps you turn unstructured ideas into structured outcomes—fast. Diagramming, product design, and AI-powered collaboration, all in one shared space. Start building at miro.comUpcoming Events: Join us at the Midwest AI Summit on November 13 in Indianapolis to hear world-class speakers share how they've scaled AI solutions. Don't miss the AI Engineering Lounge, where you can sit down with experts for hands-on guidance. Reserve your spot today!Register for upcoming webinars here!

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. Digital Ocean maintains its own version of the Ubuntu core packages which are hosted in it's own repositories. To upgrade from one LTS to the next the do-release-upgrade program must know to use third party repositories during the upgrade process. RELEASE_UPGRADER_ALLOW_THIRD_PARTY=1 do-release-upgrade Moving data from a previous version of Postgres to the latest. In this case, the obsolete Postgres v12 to the default Postgres v14 on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. pg_dropcluster --stop 14 main pg_upgradecluster -v 14 12 main Fixing NextCloud after the upgrade. The version of PHP upgraded from v7.4 to v8.1. The old versions of the Apache2 PHP modules must be disabled and the new versions enabled. a2dismod php7.4 a2enmod php8.1 apt install php8.1-pgsql apt install php8.1-gd References: How To Upgrade to Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy Jellyfish "Invalid package information" error when upgrading to Ubuntu 20.04 Provide feedback on this episode.

Nik and Michael discuss lightweight locks in Postgres — how they differ to (heavier) locks, some occasions they can be troublesome, and some resources for working out what to do if you hit issues. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Wait Events of Type LWLock https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/monitoring-stats.html#WAIT-EVENT-LWLOCK-TABLEOur episode on (heavier) locks https://postgres.fm/episodes/locksNik's new marathon posts https://postgres.ai/blog/tags/postgres-marathonPostgres LISTEN/NOTIFY does not scale (blog post by Recall ai) https://www.recall.ai/blog/postgres-listen-notify-does-not-scaleExplicit Locking https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/explicit-locking.htmlpg_stat_activity https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/monitoring-stats.html#MONITORING-PG-STAT-ACTIVITY-VIEWTuning with wait events for RDS for PostgreSQL https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/PostgreSQL.Tuning.htmlMultiXact member exhaustion incidents (blog post by Cosmo Wolfe / Metronome) https://metronome.com/blog/root-cause-analysis-postgresql-multixact-member-exhaustion-incidents-may-2025pg_index_pilot https://gitlab.com/postgres-ai/pg_index_pilotMyths and Truths about Synchronous Replication in PostgreSQL (talk by Alexander Kukushkin) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFn9qRGzTMcPostgres Indexes, Partitioning and LWLock:LockManager Scalability (blog post by Jeremy Schneider) https://ardentperf.com /2024/03/03/postgres-indexes-partitioning-and-lwlocklockmanager-scalability~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

As AI systems move from simple chatbots to complex agentic workflows, new security risks emerge. In this episode, Donato Capitella unpacks how increasingly complicated architectures are making agents fragile and vulnerable. These agents can be exploited through prompt injection, data exfiltration, and tool misuse. Donato shares stories from real-world penetration tests, the design patterns for building LLM agents and explains how his open-source toolkit Spikee (Simple Prompt Injection Kit for Evaluation and Exploitation) is helping red teams probe AI systems.Featuring:Donato Capitella – LinkedIn, XChris Benson – Website, LinkedIn, Bluesky, GitHub, XDaniel Whitenack – Website, GitHub, XLinks:ReversecSponsors:Outshift by Cisco - The open source collective building the Internet of Agents. Backed by Outshift by Cisco, AGNTCY gives developers the tools to build and deploy multi-agent software at scale. Identity, communication protocols, and modular workflows—all in one global collaboration layer. Start building at AGNTCY.org.Shopify – The commerce platform trusted by millions. From idea to checkout, Shopify gives you everything you need to launch and scale your business—no matter your level of experience. Build beautiful storefronts, market with built-in AI tools, and tap into the platform powering 10% of all U.S. eCommerce. Start your one-dollar trial at shopify.com/practicalaiFabi.ai - The all-in-one data analysis platform for modern teams. From ad hoc queries to advanced analytics, Fabi lets you explore data wherever it lives—spreadsheets, Postgres, Snowflake, Airtable and more. Built-in Python and AI assistance help you move fast, then publish interactive dashboards or automate insights delivered straight to Slack, email, spreadsheets or wherever you need to share it. Learn more and get started for free at fabi.aiUpcoming Events: Join us at the Midwest AI Summit on November 13 in Indianapolis to hear world-class speakers share how they've scaled AI solutions. Don't miss the AI Engineering Lounge, where you can sit down with experts for hands-on guidance. Reserve your spot today!Register for upcoming webinars here!

JD Fiscus (nerding.io) shares how a late-night hack connecting MCP to n8n exploded to ~1M downloads, then demos practical MCP workflows: indexing YouTube channels for Q&A, and auto-building n8n flows from natural language. We dig into the Agentic Commerce Protocol, real security pitfalls (like destructive commands), and how to turn MCPs into products with OAuth and Stripe for authentication and metered billing. He closes with how he teaches this hands-on at the Vibe Coding Retreat.Timestamps1:00 Why build it: “MCP shouldn't be Claude-only”—bridging MCP into n8n early (Dec/Jan)2:09 Shipping under the pseudonym nerding.io; surprise seeing creators use it2:25 n8n later ships its own MCP server/client; they nod to nerding.io & Simon3:59 “N8n is useful, but so much more useful with MCP”5:12 What MCP means for software: every smart company is exposing an MCP; new login/usage patterns6:27 Agentic Commerce Protocol (ACP): Stripe + OpenAI; agents checkout across the web8:02 Marketing to agents not humans? SEO shifts as agents comparison-shop9:10 Early “agent mode” attempts vs protocol-based purchases (less hacky)10:58 Likely adopters: platforms (Shopify) & big retailers; echoes of early MCP evolution14:11 Security realities: token passing evolved to OAuth; hallucination + destructive actions risk16:04 Personal mishap: agent ran supabase reset on a dev DB—imagine prod! Guardrails matter17:03 Designing MCP servers: don't just “wrap your API”; use resources/prompts for agentic UX19:04 Demo 1—Influencer MCP: index a YouTube channel, embed transcripts, ask questions in Claude20:54 Storage: embeddings into Postgres; per-channel tables24:46 Keeping it fresh: daily cron to ingest new videos25:18 Demo 2—Build n8n workflows from chat using N8N MCP (by Ramullet); live docs + API27:00 “Create a webhook → send leads to Sheets” built conversationally, with allow/deny prompts31:02 Zapier, Gumloop: agents that build automations via natural-language steps34:00 Next frontier: custom connectors (Claude/Cursor/OpenAI), OAuth auth flows for MCPs39:03 Turning MCPs into products: login with Twitter → Stripe subscription → metered billing41:12 Paid tool call demo: “paid echo” → Stripe usage event logged per user43:41 How to learn this fast: vibecodingretreat.com (small cohorts, hands-on builds)Tools & Technologies Mentioned (quick guide)MCP (Model Context Protocol) — Standard for connecting models to tools/data; supports tools, resources, prompts.n8n — Open-source automation platform; JD wrote an MCP node that went viral; also has native MCP server/client now.Claude / Cursor / OpenAI (custom connectors) — LLM IDEs/chats that can load MCPs; custom connectors enable OAuth + productized access.Agentic Commerce Protocol (ACP) — Early protocol (Stripe + OpenAI) for agent-initiated purchases with confirmations.Web MCP (W3C-oriented idea) — Emerging patterns for agent↔︎website interactions beyond human UI flows.OAuth — Secure, user-consented authentication for MCPs (vs passing raw tokens).Stripe (subscriptions + metered billing) — Attach billing/usage limits to MCP calls; track per-user consumption.YouTube API + Transcripts — Source data for the “Influencer MCP” indexing pipeline.Embeddings + Postgres — Store vectorized transcript chunks in Postgres for retrieval (JD self-hosts).Cron — Schedules daily ingestion of new content.Google Sheets — Target destination in demo for simple lead funnels.Zapier / Gumloop — Natural-language automation builders; early NLA/agent patterns.Git / CLI commands — Cautionary tale: agents running destructive commands (e.g., resets).Do Browser / Comet Browser — Agentic browsing tools referenced for web actions.Fellow.ai — AI meeting assistant with security-first design; generates precise summaries/action items.Subscribe at⁠ thisnewway.com⁠ to get the step-by-step playbooks, tools, and workflows.

What do chess clocks, jazz, and Postgres replication have in common? In Episode 32 of Talking Postgres, solution architect Boriss Mejías shares how the idea of “interconnectedness”—inspired by Douglas Adams—can help you untangle complex Postgres questions. We explore OpenAI's approach to scaling Postgres, how Postgres active-active mirrors Sparta's dual kingship, and how a holistic approach can reveal the behavior of synchronous replication. Also: Beethoven's 17 drafts, and why chasing perfection can hold you back. Listen to learn more about Boriss, Postgres, and the fundamental interconnectedness of all things.Links mentioned in this episode:Podcast Ep32 of Talking Postgres: What went wrong (& what went right) with AIO with Andres FreundPodcast Ep03 of Talking Postgres: Why give talks at Postgres conferences with Álvaro Herrera & Boriss Mejías:  Wikipedia: Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency, by Douglas AdamsTalk at PGConf NYC 2025: Scaling Postgres to the Next Level at OpenAI, by Bohan ZhangVideo of PGConf.dev 2025 talk: Scaling Postgres to the Next Level at OpenAI, by Bohan ZhangTalk at PGConf NYC 2025: Improved Freezing in Postgres Vacuum: From Idea to Commit, by Melanie PlagemanTalk at PGConf NYC 2025: Database Modeling to Study the New York Jazz Scene, by Boriss MejíasJazz Club in NYC: Patrick's Place in HarlemVideo of PGConf EU 2024 talk: Sparta's Dual-Kingship and PostgreSQL Active-Active, by Boriss Mejías Video of POSETTE 2025 talk: Postgres Storytelling: Cunning Schema Design with Creative Data Modeling, by Boriss Mejías & Sarah Conway Talk at FOSDEM PGDay 2024: High Availability Configurations Are Very Common for PostgreSQL, But How Do You Investigate Performance Problems When the Standby Can't Keep Up? by Boriss Mejías and Derk van VeenConference: PGDay Lowlands 2025, the second year of this “second-best Postgres conference in Europe” Conference Schedule: upcoming PGConf EU 2025 in LatviaWikipedia: Chess clockBook: Daily Rituals, by Mason CurreyArticle: It Takes Two to Think, by Itai Yanai & Martin J. LercherPoem: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, by Samuel ColeridgeWikipedia: City of Bruges Belgium, a good place for beer and cheeseCal invite: LIVE recording of Ep33 of Talking Postgres to happen on Wed Nov 5, 2025

Daniel sits down with Chelsea Linder, VP of Innovation and Entrepreneurship at TechPoint, to explore the what AI innovation and impact look like on the ground.  They discuss Chelsea's journey from the VC world into economic development/ innovation, the growth of an AI innovation network in Indiana (funded by the SBA), lessons learned from fostering AI communities, and how businesses are actually adapting to AI. Chelsea also shares insights from Techpoints AI workforce impact study, which explored AI related job creation and levels of AI adoption among other things.Featuring:Chelsea Linder – LinkedIn Daniel Whitenack – Website, GitHub, XLinks: TechpointSponsors:Shopify – The commerce platform trusted by millions. From idea to checkout, Shopify gives you everything you need to launch and scale your business—no matter your level of experience. Build beautiful storefronts, market with built-in AI tools, and tap into the platform powering 10% of all U.S. eCommerce. Start your one-dollar trial at shopify.com/practicalaiFabi.ai - The all-in-one data analysis platform for modern teams. From ad hoc queries to advanced analytics, Fabi lets you explore data wherever it lives—spreadsheets, Postgres, Snowflake, Airtable and more. Built-in Python and AI assistance help you move fast, then publish interactive dashboards or automate insights delivered straight to Slack, email, spreadsheets or wherever you need to share it.Learn more and get started for free at fabi.aiUpcoming Events: Join us at the Midwest AI Summit on November 13 in Indianapolis to hear world-class speakers share how they've scaled AI solutions. Don't miss the AI Engineering Lounge, where you can sit down with experts for hands-on guidance. Reserve your spot today!Register for upcoming webinars here!

Postgres 18 has been released with many exciting features such as UUIDv7, Over explain module, composite index skip scans, and the most anticipated asynchronous IO with worker and io_uring mode which I uncover in this show. Hope you enjoy it0:00 Intro1:30 Synchronous vs Asynchronous calls3:00 Synchronous IO6:30 Asynchronous IO10:00 Postgres 17 synchronous io 17:20 The challenge of Async IO in Postgres 1820:00 io_method worker23:00 io_method io_uring29:30 io_method sync 31:08 Async IO isn't done! 31:30 Support for backend writers32:36 Improve worker io_method33:00 direct io support 37:00 Summary

Nik and Michael discuss user management in Postgres — how roles work, making administration easier, setting passwords, and avoiding them being logged. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Roles https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/user-manag.html Privileges https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/ddl-priv.htmlALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-alterdefaultprivileges.htmlGRANT https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-grant.htmlREASSIGN OWNED https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-reassign-owned.htmlALTER ROLE (including SET) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-alterrole.html CREATE ROLE https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sql-createrole.htmlHave I Been Pwned https://haveibeenpwned.comPwned Passwords API https://haveibeenpwned.com/API/v3#PwnedPasswordsCrunchy Data PostgreSQL Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG) https://www.crunchydata.com/blog/announcing-the-crunchy-data-postgresql-stigOur episode on auditing https://postgres.fm/episodes/auditing~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

F-Droid is going away if Google continues down the path of requiring that developers register their apps through Google. Jellyfin has a big update, and Steve joins the program from Texas and shares about what he's doing there. -- During The Show -- 00:52 Intro Steve remote from Texas Talking to a someone in the same space Advantage of Face to Face 08:15 Operese Windows 11 requires certain hardware Microsoft will play games with Windows 10 updates Windows to Linux migration tool Use case Codeberg (https://codeberg.org/Operese/operese) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YUkD5oslmc) Nixbook (https://github.com/mkellyxp/nixbook) vs EndlessOS Immutable Distros Alloy (https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/) Tailscale 21:50 News Wire GNU Coreutils 9.8 - gnu.org (https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/coreutils.html) Postgres 18 - postgresql.org (https://www.postgresql.org/about/news/postgresql-18-released-3142) GROOT Robot Model - yahoo.com (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/nvidia-launches-open-source-physics-183426533.html) OBS Studio 32.0 - github.com (https://github.com/obsproject/obs-studio/releases) RPM 6.0 - rpm.org (https://rpm.org/releases/6.0.0) Linux 6.17 - phoronix.com (https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-6.17-Released) Kaosx 2025.09 - kaosx.us (https://kaosx.us/news/2025/kaos09) Kali Linux 2025.3 - kali.org (https://www.kali.org/blog/kali-linux-2025-3-release) NeptuneOS 9.0 - neptuneos.com (https://neptuneos.com/en/news-reader/neptuneos-9-0-maja-released.html) MemVerge AI Memory Layer - blocksandfiles.com (https://blocksandfiles.com/2025/09/24/memverges-ambitious-long-context-ai-memmachine-memory) Song-Prep - huggingface.co (https://huggingface.co/tencent/SongPrep-7B) 1T Parameter Model - huggingface.co (https://huggingface.co/inclusionAI/Ring-1T-preview) CISA Sudo Vulnerability - thehackernews.com (https://thehackernews.com/2025/09/cisa-sounds-alarm-on-critical-sudo-flaw.html) 23:05 F-Droid and Developer Registration F-Droid's stance Principles and Trust Model Older phones Google decides what can run on your phone Forcing phone use Alternative Options People clinging to proprietary solutions Historic cycle of open-closed-open F-Droid Post (https://f-droid.org/en/2025/09/29/google-developer-registration-decree.html) The Register (https://www.theregister.com/2025/09/29/googles_dev_registration_plan_will/?td=rt-3a) 43:49 Jellyfin EFCore Migration RCs are up PLEASE TEST! Database migration completed DO NOT INTERRUPT on first boot Some plugins will need time to upgrade 32bit ARM deprecated Kodi as a front end to Jellyfin Pinchflat (https://github.com/kieraneglin/pinchflat) Jellyfin Hedgedoc (https://notes.jellyfin.org/v10.11.0_features#) -- The Extra Credit Section -- For links to the articles and material referenced in this week's episode check out this week's page from our podcast dashboard! This Episode's Podcast Dashboard (http://podcast.asknoahshow.com/461) Phone Systems for Ask Noah provided by Voxtelesys (http://www.voxtelesys.com/asknoah) Join us in our dedicated chatroom #GeekLab:linuxdelta.com on Matrix (https://element.linuxdelta.com/#/room/#geeklab:linuxdelta.com) -- Stay In Touch -- Find all the resources for this show on the Ask Noah Dashboard Ask Noah Dashboard (http://www.asknoahshow.com) Need more help than a radio show can offer? Altispeed provides commercial IT services and they're excited to offer you a great deal for listening to the Ask Noah Show. Call today and ask about the discount for listeners of the Ask Noah Show! Altispeed Technologies (http://www.altispeed.com/) Contact Noah live [at] asknoahshow.com -- Twitter -- Noah - Kernellinux (https://twitter.com/kernellinux) Ask Noah Show (https://twitter.com/asknoahshow) Altispeed Technologies (https://twitter.com/altispeed)

Welcome to First Block, a Notion series where founders from the world's leading companies tell us what it was like to navigate the many firsts of their startup journey—and what they learned from that experience.In this episode, we spoke with Ant Wilson, Co-Founder and CTO of Supabase. Supabase is the Postgres development platform that has become one of the world's fastest growing open source communities.Ant shares his journey about previous founder experiences, the power of solving your own problem, and why building authentic relationships with your community matters.Chapters:00:00 Intro02:56 Supabase Explained07:04 The Positioning Shift09:25 Memes & Marketing13:08 Scaling the Community15:09 Winning Enterprises17:09 Remote-First Culture22:49 AI in Action26:10 Advice BlockFor video, transcripts, and custom Notion Mercor templates, please visit: https://ntn.so/aow225To learn more about how Notion is supporting startups, please visit: ⁠https://ntn.so/cwep6x

Nik and Michael discuss the newly released Postgres 18 — the bigger things it includes, some of their personal highlights, and some thoughts towards the future. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Postgres 18 announcement https://www.postgresql.org/about/news/postgresql-18-released-3142Postgres 18 release notes https://www.postgresql.org/docs/18/release-18.htmlSkip scan episode with Peter Geoghegan https://postgres.fm/episodes/skip-scanEasier Postgres fine-tuning with online_advisor https://neon.com/blog/easier-postgres-fine-tuning-with-online_advisorpganalyze Index Advisor https://pganalyze.com/index-advisorBUFFERS by default https://postgres.fm/episodes/buffers-by-defaultBuffers II (the sequel) https://postgres.fm/episodes/buffers-ii-the-sequelReturn of the BUFFERS https://postgres.fm/episodes/return-of-the-buffersUUID https://postgres.fm/episodes/uuidPartitioning by ULID https://postgres.fm/episodes/partitioning-by-uliduuidv7 and uuid_extract_timestamp functions https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-uuid.htmlAdd --no-policies option to pg_dump, pg_dumpall, and pg_restore https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commitdiff;h=cd3c45125Add ONLY support for VACUUM and ANALYZE https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commitdiff;h=62ddf7ee9Make "vacuumdb --analyze-only" process partitioned tables (committed recently for Postgres 19) https://commitfest.postgresql.org/patch/5871/NOT VALID constraints https://postgres.fm/episodes/not-valid-constraintsThe year of the Lock Manager's Revenge (post by Jeremy Schneider) https://ardentperf.com/2024/03/03/postgres-indexes-partitioning-and-lwlocklockmanager-scalabilityIncrease the number of fast-path lock slots https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commitdiff;h=c4d5cb71d"enable" parameters will work differently in Postgres 18 https://www.pgmustard.com/blog/enable-parameters-work-differently-in-postgres-18logerrors https://github.com/munakoiso/logerrors~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Nik and Michael are joined by Harry Brundage from Gadget to talk about their recent zero-downtime major version upgrade, how they use Postgres more generally, their dream database, and some challenges of providing Postgres as an abstracted service at scale. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Harry Brundage https://postgres.fm/people/harry-brundageGadget https://gadget.devZero downtime Postgres upgrades using logical replication (blog post) https://gadget.dev/blog/zero-downtime-postgres-upgrades-using-logical-replicationHOT updates https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/storage-hot.htmlPgDog https://pgdog.devMultigres https://multigres.comNeki https://www.neki.devRunning 10 Million PostgreSQL Indexes In Production (Heap blog post) https://www.heap.io/blog/running-10-million-postgresql-indexes-in-productionpgwatch2 (Postgres.ai Edition) https://gitlab.com/postgres-ai/pgwatch2Advanced query insights on AlloyDB https://cloud.google.com/alloydb/docs/advanced-query-insights-overviewOrioleDB https://www.orioledb.comNot discussed but relevant: Gadget have also now published a blog post about their sharding! https://gadget.dev/blog/sharding-our-core-postgres-database-without-any-downtime~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Six years, a prototype, and a brief multi-layered descent into “wronger and wronger” design—what does it take to land a major architectural change in Postgres? In Episode 31 of Talking Postgres, Andres Freund—major contributor, Postgres committer, and lead of the Asynchronous I/O project—shares the wins, the missteps, and why he thinks AIO definitely took too long. We dig into io_uring in Linux, direct I/O, streaming reads, technical leadership, and exactly when is the right time to stop working on a prototype. If you've ever wondered how big architectural changes happen, or why they sometimes take years, this episode is for you. Links mentioned in this episode:Talking Postgres podcast: How I got started as a developer (& in Postgres) with Andres Freund & Heikki LinnakangasRelease Notes: PostgreSQL 18 release notes News: PostgreSQL RC 1 Released on Sep 04 2025Wikipedia page: io_uringPostgreSQL: Join the PostgreSQL Hacking DiscordVideo of talk: What went wrong with AIO by Andres Freund at PGConfdev 2025Commit: Add core asynchronous I/O infrastructure to PostgreSQLWiki page: AIO project in PostgreSQL with state, sub-projects, and work still to be doneUpcoming Talk: AIO in PG 18 and Beyond at PGConf NYC on 30 Sep 2025Upcoming Talk: AIO in PG 18 and Beyond at PGConf EU on 23 Oct 2025Wikipedia page: XZ Utils backdoor discovery by Andres FreundCal invite: LIVE recording of Ep32 of Talking Postgres to happen on Wed Oct 8, 2025

Modernizing Search Infrastructure: How Instacart Transitioned from Elasticsearch to PostgreSQL for Enhanced Performance and Simplicity. In this episode of The Data Engineering Show, host Benjamin Wagner speaks with Ankit Mittal, former senior engineer at Instacart, about the company's innovative approach to modernizing their search infrastructure by transitioning from Elasticsearch to PostgreSQL for single-retailer search functionality.

Ian and Aaron talk about adventures with TypeScript, huge updates re: Outro & Database School, and revisit exactly what happened with Once.com.Sponsored by: Bento, Bifrost for NativePHP, and HoneybadgerInterested in sponsoring Mostly Technical?  Head to https://mostlytechnical.com/sponsor to learn more.(00:00) - Follow Up (04:44) - Adventures With TypeScript (12:56) - Introduction to Postgres (15:11) - Getaway (18:31) - Update on Outro (31:08) - Precipice of a Mistake (38:51) - Railsworld Recap (50:17) - RIP Once.com (01:05:02) - This One's For The Girls Links:Jason Beggs on TwitterReka UIFocus LabRails WorldBourne FranchiseCampfireFizzy WalkthroughThis One's for the Girls

This is a recap of the top 10 posts on Hacker News on September 12, 2025. This podcast was generated by wondercraft.ai (00:30): EU court rules nuclear energy is clean energyOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45224967&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(01:54): The treasury is expanding the Patriot Act to attack Bitcoin self custodyOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45221274&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(03:18): Qwen3-NextOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45219228&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(04:42): Many hard LeetCode problems are easy constraint problemsOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45222695&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(06:06): Corporations are trying to hide job openings from US citizensOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45223719&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(07:30): UTF-8 is a brilliant designOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45225098&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(08:54): Float ExposedOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45217415&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(10:18): Chat Control faces blocking minority in the EUOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45221580&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(11:42): QGIS is a free, open-source, cross platform geographical information systemOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45224156&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(13:06): Debian 13, Postgres, and the US time zonesOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45218111&utm_source=wondercraft_aiThis is a third-party project, independent from HN and YC. Text and audio generated using AI, by wondercraft.ai. Create your own studio quality podcast with text as the only input in seconds at app.wondercraft.ai. Issues or feedback? We'd love to hear from you: team@wondercraft.ai

Nik and Michael are joined by Simon Eskildsen from turbopuffer — among other things, they discuss ANN index types, tradeoffs that can make sense for search workloads, and when it can make sense to move search out of Postgres. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Simon Eskildsen https://postgres.fm/people/simon-eskildsenturbopuffer https://turbopuffer.comUse ULID Idempotency Keys (tip 6 in this blog post from Shopify) https://shopify.engineering/building-resilient-payment-systemsPostgreSQL 18 Release Candidate 1 https://www.postgresql.org/about/news/postgresql-18-rc-1-released-3130Understanding DiskANN (blog post by Junaid Ahmed) https://www.tigerdata.com/blog/understanding-diskannSPFresh: Incremental In-Place Update for Billion-Scale Vector Search (paper) https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.14452Amazon S3 adds new functionality for conditional writes https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2024/11/amazon-s3-functionality-conditional-writesAmazon S3 Vectors https://aws.amazon.com/s3/features/vectors~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Nik and Michael discuss when not to use Postgres — specifically use cases where it still makes sense to store data in another system. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Just use Postgres (blog post by Ethan McCue) https://mccue.dev/pages/8-16-24-just-use-postgresJust Use Postgres for Everything (blog post by Stephan Schmidt) https://www.amazingcto.com/postgres-for-everythingReal-time analytics episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/real-time-analyticsCrunchy Data Joins Snowflake https://www.crunchydata.com/blog/crunchy-data-joins-snowflakeTwo sizes fit most: PostgreSQL and Clickhouse (blog post by Sid Sijbrandij) https://about.gitlab.com/blog/two-sizes-fit-most-postgresql-and-clickhousepg_duckdb episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/pg_duckdbCloudberry https://github.com/apache/cloudberryTime-series considerations episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/time-series-considerationsQueues in Postgres episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/queues-in-postgresLarge Objects https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/largeobjects.html PGlite https://pglite.devParadeDB https://www.paradedb.comZomboDB https://github.com/zombodb/zombodbturbopuffer https://turbopuffer.comHNSW vs. DiskANN (blog post by Haziqa Sajid) https://www.tigerdata.com/learn/hnsw-vs-diskannSPANN: Highly-efficient Billion-scale Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (paper) https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/SPANN_finalversion1.pdfAmazon S3 Vectors https://aws.amazon.com/s3/features/vectorsIterative Index Scans added to pgvector in 0.8.0 https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector/issues/678S3 FDW from Supabase https://github.com/supabase/wrappers/tree/main/wrappers/src/fdw/s3_fdw~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Nik and Michael discuss disks in relation to Postgres — why they matter, how saturation can happen, some modern nuances, and how to prepare to avoid issues. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Nik's tweet demonstrating a NOTIFY hot spot https://x.com/samokhvalov/status/1959468091035009245Postgres LISTEN/NOTIFY does not scale (blog post by Recall ai) https://www.recall.ai/blog/postgres-listen-notify-does-not-scaletrack_io_timing https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/runtime-config-statistics.html#GUC-TRACK-IO-TIMINGpg_test_timing https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgtesttiming.html PlanetScale for Postgres https://planetscale.com/blog/planetscale-for-postgresOut of disk episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/out-of-disk100TB episode https://postgres.fm/episodes/to-100tb-and-beyond Latency Numbers Every Programmer Should Know https://gist.github.com/jboner/2841832Fio https://github.com/axboe/fio~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Nik and Michael discuss multi-column indexes in Postgres — what they are, how to think about them, and some guidance around using them effectively. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Multicolumn Indexes (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/indexes-multicolumn.htmlOur episode on Index-only scans https://postgres.fm/episodes/index-only-scansCombining Multiple Indexes (docs) https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/indexes-bitmap-scans.htmlEnable BUFFERS with EXPLAIN ANALYZE by default https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=commit;h=c2a4078ebad71999dd451ae7d4358be3c9290b07“PostgreSQL includes an implementation of the standard btree […] The only limitation is that an index entry cannot exceed approximately one-third of a page” https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/btree.htmlOur episode on HOT updates https://postgres.fm/episodes/hot-updatesOur episode on LIMIT vs Performance https://postgres.fm/episodes/limit-vs-performance~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

How would you build a Heroku-like platform from scratch? This week we're diving deep into the world of cloud platforms and infrastructure with Anurag Goel, founder and CEO of Render.Starting from the seemingly simple task of hosting a web service, we quickly discover why building a production-ready platform is far more complex than it appears. Why is hosting a Postgres database so challenging? How do you handle millions of users asking for thousands of different features? And what's the secret to building infrastructure that developers actually want to use?We explore the technical challenges of building enterprise-grade services—from implementing reliable backups and high availability to managing private networking and service discovery. Anurag shares insights on choosing between infrastructure-as-code versus configuration, why they built on Go, and how they handle 100 billion requests per month.Plus, we discuss the impact of AI on platform adoption: Are LLMs already influencing which platforms developers choose? Will hosting platforms need to actively support agentic workflows? And what does the future hold for automated debugging?Whether you're curious about building your own platform, want to understand what really happens behind your cloud provider's dashboard, or just enjoy hearing war stories from the infrastructure trenches, this episode has something for you.–Support Developer Voices on Patreon: https://patreon.com/DeveloperVoicesSupport Developer Voices on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@DeveloperVoices/joinRender: https://render.com/Render's MCP Server (Early Access): https://render.com/docs/mcp-serverPulumi: https://www.pulumi.com/Victoria Metrics: https://victoriametrics.comLoki: https://vector.dev/docs/reference/configuration/sinks/loki/Vector: https://vector.dev/Kris on Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/krisajenkins.bsky.socialKris on Mastodon: http://mastodon.social/@krisajenkinsKris on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/krisjenkins/

Alex & Chris get into a fairly recent technological change at CodePen where we ditched our Elasticsearch implementation for just using our own Postgres database for search. Sometimes choices like this are more about team expertise, dev environment practicalities, and complexity tradeoffs. We found this change to be much better for us, which matters! For the most part search is better and faster. Postgres is not nearly as fancy and capable as Elasticsearch, but we werent taking advantage of what Elasticsearch had to offer anyway. For the power users out there: it's true that we've lost the ability to do in-code search for now. But it's temporary and will be coming back in time. Time Jumps

Nikolay and Michael discuss self-driving Postgres — what it could mean, using self-driving cars as a reference, and ideas for things to build and optimize for in this area. Here are some links to things they mentioned:Nikolay's blog post on Self-driving Postgres https://postgres.ai/blog/20250725-self-driving-postgresSAE J3016 levels of driving automation https://www.sae.org/news/2019/01/sae-updates-j3016-automated-driving-graphicOracle Autonomous Database https://www.oracle.com/uk/autonomous-database/Self-Driving Database Management Systems (2017 paper) https://db.cs.cmu.edu/papers/2017/p42-pavlo-cidr17.pdfPGTune https://pgtune.leopard.in.ua/pg_index_pilot https://gitlab.com/postgres-ai/pg_index_pilot/[Vibe] Hacking Postgres with Andrey, Kirk, Nik – index bloat, btree page merge https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1PEdDcvZTw~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

In this episode, Chris and Andrew discuss the recent release of Rails 8 and the improvements in upgrading processes compared to previous versions. They dive into specific technical challenges, such as handling open redirects and integrating configuration options, and chat about Chris's recent experience with Tailwind's new Elements library, Bundler updates, and JSON gem changes.  They also touch on Heroku's evolving infrastructure and the potential benefits of using PlanetScale's new Postgres offerings. The episode concludes with a discussion about life without internet and Andrew's countdown to his upcoming sabbatical.  Hit download now! LinksJudoscale- Remote Ruby listener giftRails World 2025Tailwind Plus- ElementsInvoker Commands APIByroot's Blog post-What's wrong with JSON gem API?PlanetScaleHetznerHoneybadgerHoneybadger is an application health monitoring tool built by developers for developers.JudoscaleMake your deployments bulletproof with autoscaling that just works.Disclaimer: This post contains affiliate links. If you make a purchase, I may receive a commission at no extra cost to you. Chris Oliver X/Twitter Andrew Mason X/Twitter Jason Charnes X/Twitter

Qian Li of DBOS, a durable execution platform born from research by the creators of Postgres and Spark, speaks with host Kanchan Shringi about building durable, observable, and scalable software systems, and why that matters for modern applications. They discuss database-backed program state, workflow orchestration, real-world AI use cases, and comparisons with other workflow technologies. Li explains how DBOS persists not just application data but also program execution state in Postgres to enable automatic recovery and exactly-once execution. She outlines how DBOS uses workflow and step annotations to build deterministic, fault-tolerant flows for everything from e-commerce checkouts to LLM-powered agents. Observability features, including SQL-accessible state tables and a time-travel debugger, allow developers and business users to understand and troubleshoot system behavior. Finally, she compares DBOS with tools like Temporal and AWS Step Functions. Brought to you by IEEE Computer Society and IEEE Software magazine.

Nikolay and Michael discuss case-insensitive data — when we want to treat columns as case-insensitive, and the pros and cons of using citext, functions like lower(), or a custom collation. Here are some links to things they mentioned:citext https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/citext.htmlOur episode on over-indexing https://postgres.fm/episodes/over-indexingNondeterministic collations https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/collation.html#COLLATION-NONDETERMINISTICHow to migrate from Django's PostgreSQL CI Fields to use a case-insensitive collation (blog post by Adam Johnson) https://adamj.eu/tech/2023/02/23/migrate-django-postgresql-ci-fields-case-insensitive-collationThe collation versioning problem with ICU 73 (blog post by Daniel Vérité) https://postgresql.verite.pro/blog/2023/10/20/icu-73-versioning.htmlamcheck https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/amcheck.html~~~What did you like or not like? What should we discuss next time? Let us know via a YouTube comment, on social media, or by commenting on our Google doc!~~~Postgres FM is produced by:Michael Christofides, founder of pgMustardNikolay Samokhvalov, founder of Postgres.aiWith credit to:Jessie Draws for the elephant artwork

Sugu Sougoumarane, creator of Vitess, comes off sabbatical to bring Vitess to Postgres. We discuss what motivated Sugu to come off sabbatical, why now is the time, the technical challenges of doing so, the implementation details of Multigres (Vitess for Postgres). We also discuss the state of Postgres at scale.

Justin Searls describes the "full-breadth developer" and why they'll win because AI, Cloudflare comes up with a way publishers can charge crawlers for access, Hugo Bowne-Anderson explains why building AI agents fails so often, the Job Worth Calculator tells you if your job is worth the grind, and Sam Lambert announces PlanetScale for Postgres.