Global Summitry Podcasts

So it was a real pleasure to invite CEIP's Stewart Patrick back into the Virtual Studio to talk about the shape and influence of the BRICS, or BRICS+, as it is often referred to these days. Stewart Patrick is senior fellow and director of the Global Order and Institutions Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP). His primary areas of research focus are the shifting foundations of world order, the future of American internationalism, and the requirements for effective multilateral cooperation on transnational challenges. Stewart is an expert in the history and practice of multilateralism. He is the author of a number of volumes and most recently he has led the research at CEIP for the volume: “BRICS Expansion and the Future of World Order: Perspectives from Member States, Partners, and Aspirants”. Stewart has authored many articles, essays, chapters, and reports on problems of world order, U.S. global engagement, the United Nations and other international organizations, and the management of global issues.

I am pleased to welcome back into the virtual studio, Thomas Wright. After serving in the Biden National Security Council for a number of years, Tom has returned – to civilian life – at the Brookings Institution in Washington. I wanted to begin to explore with Tom his assessment of where US foreign policy is now that Donald Trump has begun in such a flurry the second presidential term. I am particularly interested in discussing Trump's efforts to end the Russia-Ukraine conflict with Tom. Where is this effort likely to end? And what relationship does Trump want with Putin's Russia? Currently Tom is a senior fellow with the Strobe Talbott for Security, Strategy and Technology at the Brookings Institution. Tom most recently served as special assistant to the president and senior director for strategic planning at the National Security Council in the Biden administration. Before Tom left for the Biden administration, Tom had been very active writing on contemporary politics and in particular the impact of President Trump on US foreign policy, Trump 1.0. Tom continues his writing and just recently published the Foreign Affairs article titled, “The Right U.S. Strategy for Russia-Ukraine Negotiations: How American Pressure Can Bring the War to an Acceptable End”.

US-China relations during the Biden administration was marked by growing competition and rivalry. Many of the aspects of US-China relations of the first Trump presidency were retained by the Biden administration. We have now returned to a second Trump administration. What are we likely to now see in US foreign policy under a second Trump presidency; what will US-China relations likely be going forward? What will be the state of relations of each with players in Europe and in the Indo-Pacific? To examine these critical matters, it was with great pleasure that I invited my colleague Rush Doshi into the Virtual Studio for our new Season 3 of podcasts of ‘Shaking the Global Order'. Today's podcast with Rush explores these critical global power issues. Rush Doshi is the C.V. Starr senior fellow for Asia studies and director of the China Strategy Initiative at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). He is also an assistant professor in the Security Studies Program in Georgetown's Walsh School of Foreign Service. Rush was deputy senior director for China and Taiwan on the National Security Council (NSC) from 2021 to 2024, where he helped manage the NSC's first China directorate. He is the author of The Long Game: China's Grand Strategy to Displace American Order (Oxford University Press, 2021). So, let's join Rush in the Virtual Studio to examine all these issues.

US-China relations during the Biden administration have been marked by competition and rivalry. Many of the aspects of US-China relations of the first Trump presidency were retained by the Biden administration. We have now returned to President Trump. What are we likely to see now in US foreign policy under a second Trump presidency; what will be US-China relations going forward? To explore all this I invited back into the Virtual Studio my good colleague Yves Tiberghien. Yves currently is a Professor of Political Science, Director Emeritus of the Institute of Asian Research, Konwakai Chair in Japanese Research, and Director of the Center for Japanese Research at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada. Yves recently completed a study leave and was a visiting scholar at the Taipei School of Economics and Political Science (2023-2024). Yves specializes in comparative political economy and international political economy with an empirical focus on China, Japan, and Korea. His latest book is The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox, August 2021. Come join Yves in the Virtual Studio to examine these issues.

Season 3—The current state of global relations: An introduction by Alan Alexandroff by globalsummitry

It is with great pleasure that I continued the conversation with my colleague Yves Tiberghien for this episode on ‘Shaking the Global Order'. After a short break I continued the discussion with Yves as to the current state of relations with the US and China. I was also able to extend our examination to include the impact of this competition on the Middle Power countries in the Indo-Pacific. The discussion extended to Japan, Korea, Taiwan and others. Yves is a Professor of Political Science, Director Emeritus of the Institute of Asian Research, Konwakai Chair in Japanese Research, and Director of the Center for Japanese Research at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada. Yves recently completed a study leave and was a visiting scholar at the Taipei School of Economics and Political Science (2023-2024). Yves specializes in comparative political economy and international political economy with an empirical focus on China, Japan, and Korea. His latest book is "The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox" (August 2021) with work forthcoming on a new book titled "Game-Changer: How Covid-19 Has Reshaped Societies and Politics in East Asia". So, let's rejoin Yves in the Virtual Studio in this examination of US-China relations and its impact on the Indo-Pacific.

It is with great pleasure that I have invited my colleague Yves Tiberghien back into the Virtual Studio for this episode on ‘Shaking the Global Order'. The US-China relationship has been marked by continuing competition and rivalry. So, I sat down again with Yves Tiberghien to examine what the current state of the US-China relationship is today while remaining mindful of the upcoming US election. I was particularly curious to see what the impact, if any, of the recent visit to Beijing by National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan might have had on current US-China relations. Yves is a Professor of Political Science, Director Emeritus of the Institute of Asian Research, Konwakai Chair in Japanese Research, and Director of the Center for Japanese Research at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada. Yves recently completed a study leave and was a visiting scholar at the Taipei School of Economics and Political Science (2023-2024). Yves is an International Steering Committee Member at Pacific Trade and Development Conference (PAFTAD) and a visiting professor at Tokyo University and Sciences Po, Paris. He has held other visiting positions at National Chengchi University (Taiwan), GRIPS (Tokyo), and the Jakarta School of Public Policy (Indonesia). So, let's join Yves in the Virtual Studio to examine the current state of US-China relationship.

It is with pleasure that I was able to invite my colleague Gregory T Chin into the Virtual Studio to discuss all matters related to the BRICS+. Greg has been an observer of the BRICS for some time, and its main institutional creation the New Development Bank (NDB). I was keen to explore the BRICS - Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa now that it has extended membership to Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Where is the BRICS+ headed in this evolving geopolitical environment? And I wanted to explore with Greg the major BRICS institution, the NDB, and what the BRICS+ hopes to accomplish with this Multilateral Development Bank (MDB). Gregory T Chin is an Associate Professor of Political Economy in the Department of Politics, and Faculty of Graduate Studies at York University (Canada), with a focus on China, Asia, the BRICS, global governance, and the political economy of international money and finance. He is a Non-Resident Senior Fellow of the Global China Initiative at Boston University's Global Development Policy Center, and of the Foreign Policy Institute at The Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). Prior to joining York University in 2007, he was First Secretary (Development) at the Canadian Embassy in Beijing 2003-2006. He handled strategic policy engagement with decision-makers in China, government agencies, key Chinese think tanks, and liaised with diplomatic representatives of other countries, the major multilateral development banks and international organizations, and private international foundations and donors. His recent publications include: an "Introduction - The Evolution of New Development Bank", "Bangladesh and New Development Bank", and "US Financial Statecraft and China" (published in Italian by Istituto Treccani). Also he recently published on the New Development Bank with – “Introduction – The evolution of New Development Bank (NDB): A decade plus in the making”.

It is with great pleasure that I welcome back into the Virtual Studio, Homi Kharas. I wanted to explore with him the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the halfway point for their completion. I was looking for his assessment of current progress especially after he, John W McArthur, and Odera Onyechi published a new Report at Brookings: “How is the world doing on the SDGs? Four tests and eight findings”. Also, I wanted to get his views of what we can expect at the upcoming UN Summit of the Future, scheduled for September 22nd and 23rd in New York during the High Level Panel Week. This Summit is the second of two Summits called for by the current UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres. Homi is a senior fellow in the Center for Sustainable Development, housed in the Global Economy and Development program at Brookings. In that capacity, he studies policies and trends influencing developing countries, including aid to poor countries, the emergence of the middle class, and global governance and the G20. His most recent co-authored/edited books are: “The Rise of the Middle Class: How the Search for the Good Life Can Change the World” (2023), “Breakthrough: The Promise of Frontier Technologies for Sustainable Development” edited with John McArthur and Izumi Ohno (2022) and “Leave No One Behind: From Summits to Solutions: Time for Specifics on the Sustainable Development Goals" edited with John McArthur and Izumi Ohno (2019).

The US-China relationship has been marked by growing competition and rivalry. Nevertheless, the two have made efforts to stabilize the relationship notably with the meeting between Presidents Xi and Biden at the margins of the APEC Summit in San Francisco in 2023. More recently, the ministers of defense have met at the margins of the Shangri-La Dialogue. Secretary Austin and Chinese Defense Minister Dong Jun agreed to work toward better communications to stabilize military relations and avert crises, according to a statement from the Defense Department. The United States and China will “convene a crisis-communications working group by the end of the year.” So, what is the current state of the US-China relationship today and how are the two reshaping the global order in the face of US-China relations? Joining me in the Virtual Studio is Pascale Massot to discuss the state of the US-China relationship. Pascale is an associate professor in the School of Political Studies at the University of Ottawa. She is also non-resident Honorary Fellow, Political Economy at the Asia Society Policy Institute's Center for China Analysis, and a Senior Fellow at the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. She also has served as the Senior Advisor for China and Asia in the offices of various Canadian Cabinet ministers, including the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Pascale is the author of “China's Vulnerability Paradox: How the World's Largest Consumer Transformed Global Commodity Markets” (Oxford University Press, 2024). Her research interests include the global political economy of China's rise and impact on the liberal international order, China's impact on global extractive commodity markets, including debates around de-risking, Canada-China relations, Canadian public opinion on China and China narratives more broadly, as well as the advent of Indo-Pacific strategies around the world.

It is with great pleasure that I have invited Elizabeth Sidiropoulos into the Virtual Studio for this episode of ‘Summit Dialogue'. With South Africa's national and provincial elections just concluded and with South Africa about to take the Presidency of the G20 after the conclusion of Brazil's hosting it seemed like an opportune moment to speak with Elizabeth about South Africa's future and its leadership of the Informals, especially the G20. Elizabeth is the chief executive of the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA), an independent foreign policy think-tank based in Johannesburg. She holds an MA in International Relations (cum laude) from the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. She has headed the Institute since 2005. Elizabeth is also the editor-in-chief of the South African Journal of International Affairs. Elizabeth has co-edited a volume: Values, Interests and Power: South African Foreign Policy in Uncertain Times (2020), She has also co-edited two books exploring the rise of the new development cooperation providers. Her research focus is South Africa's foreign policy, global governance and the role of emerging powers in Africa. Most recently she has focused on Russia's renewed presence in Africa, against the background of SA's membership of the BRICS grouping. So, let's join Elizabeth in the Virtual Studio to examine South Africa's future.

So it was a real pleasure to invite CEIP's Stewart Patrick back into the Virtual Studio to talk about this critical UN Summit – the Summit of the Future (SoTF). This Summit will take place this year on September 22nd -23rd. The effort leading to this Summit began with the 75th UN anniversary and the call for the Secretary General (SG) to prepare recommendations for the future. And he in turn prepared the Report - “Our Common Agenda” among many recommendations the SG proposed a Summit of the Future (SoTF). The General Assembly then decided that the SoTF would take place in September 2024, building on the earlier Sustainable Development Goals summit in September 20203 – the ‘SDG Summit'. The outcome envisioned for the SoTF would be an intergovernmentally negotiated, action-oriented ‘Pact for the Future'. Stewart Patrick is senior fellow and director of the Global Order and Institutions Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP). His primary areas of research focus are the shifting foundations of world order, the future of American internationalism, and the requirements for effective multilateral cooperation on transnational challenges. Stewart is an expert in the history and practice of multilateralism, He is the author of three books, including: The Sovereignty Wars: Reconciling America with the World; Weak Links: Fragile States, Global Threats, and International Security; and The Best Laid Plans: The Origins of American Multilateralism and the Dawn of the Cold War. He has authored many articles, essays, chapters, and reports on problems of world order, U.S. global engagement, the United Nations and other international organizations, and the management of global issues.

It is with great pleasure that I have invited Feliciano de Sá Guimarães into the Virtual Studio for this episode of ‘Summit Dialogue'. Feliciano is currently the Academic Director and Senior Researcher at CEBRI. I hope, with Feliciano's help to explore Brazil's hosting of the G20. What designs and hopes does Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, or Lula as he is known, the returned President of Brazil have for Brazil's G20 Presidency. Feliciano is currently the Academic Director and Senior Researcher at the Brazilian Center of International Relations (CEBRI). Feliciano holds a PhD in Political Science from the University of São Paulo (2006-2010. Feliciano is an Associate Professor (livre docente) at the Institute of International Relations at the University of São Paulo (USP). He is also an associate editor of the journal Foreign Policy Analysis and Editor-in-chief of the CEBRI Journal. So, let's join Feliciano in the Virtual Studio to examine Brazil's hosting year for the G20.

It is with great pleasure that I have invited my colleague Bruce Jones into the Virtual Studio for this episode on ‘Shaking the Global Order'. ‘The US-China relationship has been marked by growing competition and rivalry but leaders did gather for a Xi-Biden Summit on November 15th that took place near San Francisco at the margin of the APEC Summit. So what is the state of US-China relations as a result of that Summit, tensions between the two over Taiwan and in the Indo-Pacific. How are the two reshaping the global order in the face of US-China relations? Bruce Jones is a senior fellow with the Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology in the Foreign Policy program at the Brookings Institution; he also works with the Center for East Asia Policy Studies. From 2015 to 2020, Bruce served as the vice president and director for the Foreign Policy program. His research expertise and policy experience is in international security. Bruce's current research focus is on U.S. strategy, international order, and great power relations. His most recent books on the topic are “To Rule the Waves: How Control of the World's Oceans Shapes the Fate of the Superpowers” (Scribner, 2021) and “The Marshall Plan and the Shaping of American Strategy,” (Brookings Institution Press, 2017) Bruce also has had significant experience on multilateral institutions. He was a senior advisor to Kofi Annan on U.N. reform and served as deputy research director to the U.N.'s High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, as well as lead scholar for the International Task Force on Global Public Goods. So, let's join Bruce in the Virtual Studio to examine the US-China relationship and relations between the two in the Indo-Pacific.

It is with great pleasure that I have invited my colleague Yves Tiberghien back into the Virtual Studio for this episode on ‘Shaking the Global Order'. ‘The US-China relationship has been marked by growing competition and rivalry. This increasing tension seemed to reach a dramatic moment when a high-altitude balloon originating from China flew across North American airspace from January 28 to February 4, 2023 only to be shot down over U.S. territorial waters off the coast of South Carolina. As a result China suspended all military to military communications. Meanwhile, Secretary of State Antony Blinken postponed a visit. US-China relations languished until the recent Xi-Biden summit on November 15th that took place near San Francisco at the margin of the APEC Summit. So, what is the current state of the US-China relationship today and how are the two reshaping the global order in the face of US-China relations? Yves currently is a Professor of Political Science, Director Emeritus of the Institute of Asian Research, Konwakai Chair in Japanese Research, and Director of the Center for Japanese Research at the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Vancouver, Canada. Yves is currently on study leave from UBC and is a visiting scholar at the Taipei School of Economics and Political Science (2023-2024). Yves specializes in comparative political economy and international political economy with an empirical focus on China, Japan, and Korea. His latest book is The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox. August 2021 with work forthcoming on a new book (titled 'Game-Changer: How Covid-19 Has Reshaped Societies and Politics in East Asia'). So, let's join Yves in the Virtual Studio to examine the US-China relationship

It is with great pleasure that I welcome back to the Virtual Studio, Homi Kharas. In September during the High-Level Week at the UN General Assembly heads of state and government gathered at the invitation of the Secretary General to examine at the halfway point the progress made in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). I wanted to get Homi's views of the progress he saw in achieving the 17 goals of Agenda 2030. I also wanted to get Homi's view of the two reports – ‘The Triple Agenda' - of the Independent Expert Group (IEG) convened during the G20 India Presidency. The two volumes focused on the enhancement of the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) and their focus on global development and the green transition. Homi was, in fact, the lead author for both volumes of the ‘Triple Agenda'. Homi is a senior fellow in the Center for Sustainable Development, housed in the Global Economy and Development program at Brookings. In that capacity, he studies policies and trends influencing developing countries, including aid to poor countries, the emergence of the middle class, and global governance and the G20. His most recent co-authored/edited books are: “The Rise of the Middle Class: How the Search for the Good Life Can Change the World” (2023), “Breakthrough: The Promise of Frontier Technologies for Sustainable Development” edited with John McArthur and Izumi Ohno (2022) and “Leave No One Behind: From Summits to Solutions: Time for Specifics on the Sustainable Development Goals" edited with John McArthur and Izumi Ohno (2019).

The week of September 18th was the central week for UN activity – the High Level Week - with the opening of the 78 UNGA's. Many Heads of State attended and there was a series of summits during the week including the High Level Panel Forum's (HLPF) SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) Summit, the Climate Ambition Summit and a ministerial gathering for the Summit of the Future that is planned for next year's High Level Week. So it was a real pleasure to invite back CEIP's Stewart Patrick into the Virtual Studio to talk about this critical UN week. What advances occurred and the continuing challenges for multilateralism. Stewart Patrick is senior fellow and director of the Global Order and Institutions Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP). His primary areas of research focus are the shifting foundations of world order, the future of American internationalism, and the requirements for effective multilateral cooperation on transnational challenges. Stewart is an expert in the history and practice of multilateralism, He is the author of three books, including: The Sovereignty Wars: Reconciling America with the World; Weak Links: Fragile States, Global Threats, and International Security; and The Best Laid Plans: The Origins of American Multilateralism and the Dawn of the Cold War. He has authored many articles, essays, chapters, and reports on problems of world order, U.S. global engagement, the United Nations and other international organizations, and the management of global issues. [The SDGs – “Adopted in 2015, the SDGs are a set of 17 goals that, combined, seek to improve health and wellbeing, reduce inequalities and exclusion, and ensure a just transition toward environmentally sustainable societies for all of the world's inhabitants.” ]

COP15 was designed to to agree on a new set of goals to guide global action through the next decade through the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) post-2020 framework process to halt and reverse nature loss. Nature is critical to meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees. So I was happy to bring Stewart Patrick from CEIP back into the Virtual Studio to discuss the conclusion and consequences of COP15, the just completed UN Biodiversity Conference. Stewart Patrick is senior fellow and director of the Global Order and Institutions Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP). His primary areas of research focus are the shifting foundations of world order, the future of American internationalism, and the requirements for effective multilateral cooperation on transnational challenges. Stewart is an expert in the history and practice of multilateralism, He is the author of three books, including: The Sovereignty Wars: Reconciling America with the World; Weak Links: Fragile States, Global Threats, and International Security; and The Best Laid Plans: The Origins of American Multilateralism and the Dawn of the Cold War. He has authored many articles, essays, chapters, and reports on problems of world order, U.S. global engagement, the United Nations and other international organizations, and the management of global issues.

So, it was my great pleasure to sit down again with my colleague, Colin Bradford in the Virtual Studio to talk about the Indonesian G20 Summit and beyond. Colin has voiced concerns recently over the prospects for progress at this G20 Summit and beyond with the tensions over Russia's war in the Ukraine and growing geopolitical rivalry between the US and China. These geopolitical tensions seem to raise critical difficulties among the G20 members in achieving progress at the G20 on critical, even existential global governance issues such as global health prevention, climate change serious debt relief for many low- and medium-income countries from the Global South. In 2004 as a Brookings expert, Colin Bradford was the first person to push for transforming the G8 to G20 at leaders' level and became a leading convener of conferences, workshops, and seminars to work for international institutional reforms to bring the emerging market economies more fully into the global system. Colin continues to be the Lead Co-chair of the CWD, the China-West Dialogue and a Co-Chair in the V20, Vision20, an unofficial engagement group of the G20, Colin has participated in all the recent Global Solutions Summits out of Berlin and has been named a GSS Global Fellow. Currently, Colin is a Non-resident Senior Fellow of the Global Economy and Development Program, Brookings Institution. So come join Colin and I as we examine the threat to the roles of the G7 and the G20 and in particular the challenges that Indonesia faces for this Bali G20 Leaders' Summit.

I was so pleased to invite Oliver back into the Virtual Studio to discuss the Brazilian Presidential run off. That second round resulted in a narrow victory for the former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, known as Lula over the current President Jair Bolsonaro. This podcast explores the Lula's Presidential victory, and Bolsonaro's loss, and then looks at the consequences for Brazilian democracy, the effort to save the Amazon Rainforest and then the possible impact of Lula's return to the Presidency beyond Brazil Oliver is an associate professor of international relations at Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) in Sao Paulo. There, with several colleagues, he launched a new School of International Relations. He is also a non-resident scholar at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in Washington DC, a non-resident Fellow at the Global Public Policy Institute (GPPi) in Berlin, and a columnist for Estado de São Paulo and Americas Quarterly. Oliver has written extensively on the politics of the rising powers, including The BRICS and the Future of the Global Order and his most recent book from Polity, Post-Western World: How Emerging Powers are Remaking the Global Order. He is a frequent commentator on Brazilian politics as well the Hemisphere. He contributes extensively to journals and the media in Brazil and across the region. Oliver provides real insights into Brazil's immediate politics and the consequences for Brazil of Lula's win and Bolsonaro's loss. Please join Oliver in this effort to really ‘dive deep' into Brazil and its politics.

I was pleased to invite Jessica Chen Weiss into the Virtual Studio to discuss the outcomes of the 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) held from October 16 to October 22, 2022. I was interested in exploring with her the consequences of the 20th on Chinese foreign policy and in particular on the US-China relationship. Jessica Chen Weiss is the Michael J. Zak Professor for China and Asia-Pacific Studies and an Associate Professor of Government at Cornell University, a political science editor at the Washington Post Monkey Cage blog, and a non-resident Senior Associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Jessica is the author of Powerful Patriots: Nationalist Protest in China's Foreign Relations (Oxford University Press, 2014).She has written recent important articles in The New York Times and Foreign Affairs on the rising US-China competition. So come join us for this important podcast.

I was pleased to invite into the Virtual Studio former Chilean Ambassador Jorge Heine to discuss, first, the state of politics in Chile following the September 4th rejection of the proposed constitution and then to assess the impact on this rejection on the current government of Gabriel Boric of the Left in Chile. Finally, I wanted to assess the state of politics currently in Latin America. Jorge is currently a research professor at Boston University Frederick S. Pardee School of Global Studies and a non-resident Wilson Center Global Fellow at The Wilson Center in Washington D.C., Jorge Heine is a lawyer, IR scholar and diplomat with a special interest in the international politics of the Global South Jorge has served as ambassador of Chile to China (2014-2017), to India (2003-2007) and to South Africa (1994-1999), and as a cabinet minister in a past Chilean Government. Jorge was CIGI Professor of Global Governance at the Balsillie School of International Affairs, Wilfrid Laurier University, from 2007 to 2017, and a Distinguished Fellow at the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI). He has published some seventeen books, including most recently Latin American Politics in the New World Order: The Active Non-Alignment Option (Anthem, forthcoming), the 21st Century Democracy Promotion in the Americas (with B. Weiffen, Routledge, 2015); the Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy (with A. Cooper and R.Thakur, Oxford University Press, 2013,2015); and The Dark Side of Globalization (with R.Thakur, UN University Press, 2011), and some 100 journal articles and book chapters. So, come join Jorge Heine and I in the Virtual Studio as we explore the current state of politics in Chile and the wider Latin American scene.

I am pleased to invite Zachary Paikin into the Virtual Studio to discuss the state of EU foreign policy. While the major countries in Europe – France, Germany and Italy maintain national foreign policies, the EU has continued to strive to promote an EU foreign policy under the leadership of the current High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security, Josep Borrel. This is perceived to be particularly significant in the light of Russia's war against Ukraine and the rising tensions between the US and China. Zach Paikin today is a Researcher in the EU Foreign Policy unit at CEPS (Centre for European Policy Studies). He is also a Nonresident Research Fellow with the Institute for Peace & Diplomacy in Toronto and a Senior Visiting Fellow at the Global Policy Institute in London. Zach is also an affiliated expert with the Minsk Dialogue Council on International Relations. Zach has a number of publications with CEPS, including with colleagues: ‘The EU's Strategic Compass: A guide to reverse strategic shrinkage?' So come join Zach Paikin and I as we examine EU foreign policy.

I was pleased to invite Elizabeth into the Virtual Studio to discuss the state of South Africa both its foreign policy in the midst of the Russian War against Ukraine, its participation in the BRICS and the state of its politics under the continuing governance by the ANC. Elizabeth Sidiropoulos is the chief executive of the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA), which she has led since 2005. She has over two decades of involvement in politics and international relations in South Africa, and her expertise lies in South Africa's foreign policy, South-South Cooperation and the role of emerging powers in Africa. Elizabeth is also the editor-in-chief of the South African Journal of International Affairs. Elizabeth has published on various aspects of South Africa's foreign policy. She has co-edited a volume on: Values, Interests and Power: South African Foreign Policy in Uncertain Times (2020), and she has also recently completed a collaboration with scholars across five continents on the Handbook on Development Cooperation for Achieving the 2030 Agenda, published by Palgrave in 2021. So join me in the Virtual Studio to discuss the state of South African politics and policy with Elizabeth Sidiropoulos.

It was great to invite Peter Draper back into the Virtual Studio to discuss the state of the WTO following conclusion of the WTO 12th Ministerial that took place in June finally after several lengthy delays. It was an opportunity to examine whether the WTO Ministerial had been able to make progress in resolving the many issues challenging this multilateral institution and to assess the leadership of the current Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala. Finally, I wanted to get Peter's view on how much growing geopolitical tensions, especially between US and China are hindering reform progress at the WTO. Peter Draper is currently the Jean Monnet Chair in Trade and the Environment and the Executive Director of the Institute for International Trade, University of Adelaide, Australia. Peter is also the Deputy Dean International: Faculty of Arts, Business, Law, and Economics. Peter is also non-resident senior fellow of the Brussels-based European Centre for International Political Economy and an Associate Researcher at the German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS) formerly the German Development Institute.

So, it is my pleasure to sit down with my colleague, again, Yves Tiberghien. I wanted bring Yves into the Virtual Studio to talk about the recently assassinated Prime Minister of Japan, Shinzo Abe. What was Abe's impact on Japan and Japanese foreign policy of this long serving Japanese Prime Minister. Yves is the Director Emeritus of the Institute of Asian Research at the University of British Columbia (UBC) and is currently a Professor of Political Science. The Director of the Centre for Japanese Research and the current holder of the Konwakai Chair in Japanese Research at the University of British Columbia. He is also a Distinguished Fellow at the Asia-Pacific Foundation of Canada and the Canadian PAFTAD Chair. His most recent publication is The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox, published in 2022 with Cambridge Elements. So come join Yves and I as we explore the impact of Shinzo Abe.

We were glad to welcome back Matthew Goodman from CSIS in Washington to the Virtual Studio. As you can see from his short bio below, Matt has had both public and private sector roles and has been directly involved with the G7/8 and G20 in past U.S. administrations. it was great to catch up with him to focus our attention on the Indo-Pacific and Biden Administration policy in the region as well as the recently concluded German G7 Summit. We also wanted to explore with Matt the growing difficult relationship between the two leading states of the region, the U.S. and China, and how the relationship has shaped Biden foreign policy. Matthew is senior vice president, senior adviser for Asian economics, and holds the Simon Chair in Political Economy at CSIS. Matthew has served in both the private sector at Goldman Sachs and Albright Stonebridge Group and has also held several significant roles in the public sector including early in his career as an international economist at the U.S. Treasury Department and at the Tokyo Embassy. Subsequently, he was director of international economics on the National Security Council staff responsible for the G20 and, the then G8, and then former White House Coordinator for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the East Asia Summit (EAS).

We are entering a very busy ‘Summit Season' and I thought I would kick off this Summit Season with a conversation with Paola Subacchi. I wanted to review with her the consequences of the just completed G7 Summit hosted by Germany at Schloss Elmau, the NATO Summit in Spain, and also look forward to the November G20 Leaders' Summit hosted by Indonesia. Paola is a Professor of International Economics and Chair Advisory Board at the Global Policy Institute at Queen Mary, University of London, and Adjunct Professor at the Department of Political and Social Sciences at the University of Bologna. Previously, she was Director of International Economics Research at the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House) for over ten years. She is the founder and director of Essential Economics, an independent economic research service. She writes widely about global financial issues and her most recent book from Yale University Press is The Cost of Free Money (2020). Paola has long been an acute observer of these global summits and their consequences for global governance and global order. Let's join Paola in the virtual studio to discuss these recent or pending Summits.

It was a great pleasure to invite Scott Kennedy back into the virtual studio. Scott has just recently returned from Asia after 5 weeks of travel and discussion and I wanted to get his insights into the how China is viewed in the Asia-Pacific but also how the United States is viewed following President Biden's first Asian trip. Among other diplomatic steps Biden met with the new President of Korea Yoon Suk Yeol; in Tokyo Biden held meetings with Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and launched the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF) involving the United States and 13 other countries, and held a leaders' gathering of the Quad. Scott is the Senior Advisor and Trustee Chair in Chinese Business & Economics at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) in Washington. Scott focuses on Chinese economic policy including industrial policy, technology innovation, business lobbying, US-China commercial relations and global governance. Scott has written extensively on China including most recently: Michael J. Green and Scott Kennedy CSIS Commentary: "U.S. Business Leaders Not Ready for the Next U.S.-China Crisis" https://www.csis.org/analysis/us-business-leaders-not-ready-next-us-china-crisis, Scott Kennedy TCH Blog Post: Bridging Differences with Friends on China https://www.csis.org/blogs/trustee-china-hand/bridging-differences-friends-china, and Gerard DiPippo, Ilaria Mazzocco and Scott Kennedy, CSIS Report: “Red Ink: Estimating Chinese Industrial Policy Spending in Comparative Perspective”. https://www.csis.org/features/how-inequality-undermining-chinas-prosperity. Before coming to Washington, Scott was a professor at Indiana University (IU), where he established the Research Center for Chinese Politics & Business and was the founding academic director of IU's China Office.

I was pleased to sit down with Nick Bisley again in the virtual studio to explore the impact of a new Labour Government in Australia on its foreign policy and the views from Canberra of the Indo-Pacific and all the Biden Administration initiatives. Nick Bisley is the Dean and Head of the School of Humanities and Social Sciences and Professor of International Relations at La Trobe University in Melbourne. His research and teaching expertise is in Asia's international relations, great power politics and Australian foreign and defence policy. Nick is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of International Affairs and he served as the Editor-in-Chief of the Australian Journal of International Affairs between 2013 and 2018, the country's oldest scholarly journal in the field of international relations. Nick is the author of many works on international relations. So join me as we continue to examine the changing dynamics in the Indo-Pacific and the impact of a new Australian government on these changing dynamics.

So, it was my pleasure to sit down with my colleague, Lim Wonhyuk in the Virtual Studio. Lim Wonhyuk has just recently returned to the Republic of Korea (Korea) after two years of research and teaching at SAIS in Washington D.C. as a Visiting Professor. Given President Biden visiting the Asia-Pacific region for the first time since becoming President, it seemed opportune to sit down with my colleague Lim Wonhyuk to explore the consequences of the trip and focus more generally on the Biden Administration's Indo-Pacific strategy. Lim Wonhyuk is a professor at the KDI School of Public Policy and Management in South Korea most recently has served as Associate Dean, Office of Development Research and International Cooperation, at KDI School. Lim Wonhyuk recent publications include: Opinion Polarization in Korea (KDI, 2019, edited) and Understanding the Drivers of Trust in Government Institutions in Korea (OECD, 2018, co-edited), Lim Wonhyuk holds a PhD in Economics from Stanford University So come join us in the virtual studio to examine Biden's Indo-Pacific strategy including the development of the Quad and the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework and US relations with Korea, and others including China.

So, it was my pleasure to sit down with my colleague, Colin Bradford in the Virtual Studio to talk about the rising geopolitical tensions in the global order and the evident threats to the continuation of global governance, especially in the G20. There continues to be sharp relations between China and the United States. These relations have only become more difficult with the conflict between Russia and the Ukraine. How can the Bali G20 Summit proceed with the current determination by Russia's President Putin to attend the Summit and the US insistence that it cannot be “business as usual”? It imposes real pressure on the G20 host Indonesia with respect to the attendance and the agenda. In 2004 as a Brookings expert, Colin Bradford was the first person to push for transforming the G8 to G20 at leaders' level and became a leading convener of conferences, workshops, and seminars to work for international institutional reforms to bring the emerging market economies more fully into the global system. Colin continues to be the Lead Co-chair of the CWD, the China-West Dialogue and a Co-Chair in the V20, Vision20, an unofficial engagement group of the G20, Colin has participated in all the recent Global Solutions Summits out of Berlin and has been named a GSS Global Fellow. Currently, Colin is a Non-resident Senior Fellow of the Global Economy and Development Program, Brookings Institution. So come join Colin and I as we examine the threat to the roles of the G7 and the G20.

It was my pleasure to welcome back into Virtual Studio our University of British Columbia (UBC) colleague, Yves Tiberghien. The order of the day was to examine closely China's position, that is Xi Jinping's and the Party and Government's position on Russia. What is the impact of the April 4th partnership and then the Russian aggression against Ukraine? Also, I wanted Yves to describe for us the state relations between the EU and China. Yves is currently a Professor of Political Science and the Konwakai Chair in Japanese Research at the University of British Columbia. He is also a Distinguished Fellow at the Asia-Pacific Foundation of Canada and the Canadian PAFTAD Chair. We actually are finding Yves in Paris. We found Yves in Paris where he is currently a Visiting Professor at the Paris School of International Affairs. Join us as we discuss China's policies on Russia, the EU and the global order.

I was pleased to invite Steven Slaughter into the virtual studio to discuss the Indo-Pacific and the changing role for Australia. I wanted to get Steven's take on recent Australian foreign policy moves, Australia's decision to join with the UK and the United States in Aukus whereby Australia will purchase nuclear submarines and nuclear technology from the UK and the US and displace an agreement with France to purchase conventional submarines. Aukus created quite the crisis among Australia's allies. I was also quite interested in understanding what Australia saw as the future of the Quad (Quadrilateral Security Dialogue) which in the fall saw the first leaders' summit – Australia, India, Japan and the United States. This leaders' level gathering event marked a milestone for the group. Steven Slaughter is an Associate Professor in International Relations at Deakin University, Victoria, Australia. Steven is a researcher who works within the fields of International Relations, Global Political Economy, and International Political Theory with respect to the political implications of globalisation and global governance. He also follows the efforts of the G20. Come join Steven and I as we discuss the Indo-Pacific and strategic changes being undertaken in arguably the most important region of the globe.

I was pleased to have John Ikenberry back in the virtual studio with us to focus in part on current American foreign policy under the Biden Administration. The immediate occasion was the recently concluded ‘Summit for Democracy' called for by the President when he ran against then President Trump. More broadly I wanted to explore with John the rising tensions in the US-China relationship and its impact on the liberal international order that John has written and spoken about over the last two decades. So join me and John as we explore current American foreign policy and how it is reshaping the global order. G. John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs. He is also Co-Director of Princeton's Center for International Security Studies. Professor Ikenberry is the author of eight books, mostly recently A World Safe for Democracy: Liberal Internationalism and the Crises of Global Order (Yale 2020), and Liberal Leviathan: The Origins, Crisis, and Transformation of the American System (Princeton, 2011) and After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order after Major Wars (Princeton, 2001)

I was excited to invite back David Victor into the virtual studio to discuss the consequences of the COP26 Glasgow Summit on climate change and whether technology is the answer to our transition to a low carbon world. David was at Glasgow and he has been a voice for the importance of technologies in the effort to transition to a low carbon emission world. David G. Victor is a global thought leader on climate change policy and the energy-systems transformation that is required if we hope to create a low-carbon future. David is a professor of innovation and public policy at the School of Global Policy and Strategy at UC San Diego where he holds the Center for Global Transformation Endowed Chair in Innovation and Public Policy. He has published over 200 articles and books on climate change and the transition to a low carbon world. Come join David and I as we discuss COP26 and what comes after.

I was pleased to invite Valerie Karplus into the virtual studio to examine the progress towards the upcoming COP26 Glasgow Summit scheduled for November 1 -12th. Many see this Summit as the best last chance to receive national commitments (NDCs) that will achieve the 45% cut based on 2010 levels, that scientists say is needed by 2030 to limit global heating to 1.5C above pre-industrial levels. Will the key CO2 emitters – the US, China, India, Brazil, etc. be willing to make those kinds of commitments at Glasgow. Valerie and colleagues recently released a new report: “China's CO2 Emissions Trading System: History, Status, and Outlook”. I was keen to review with Valerie the efforts by China to create a Emissions Trading System (ETS) to reduce carbon emissions. Valerie Karplus is currently an Associate Professor in the department of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon. Previously, Karplus served as an Assistant Professor of Global Economics and Management at the MIT Sloan School of Management. Karplus studies resource and environmental management in firms operating in diverse national and industry contexts. She works with a collaborative team of researchers to study the micro and macro determinants of clean energy transitions in emerging markets, with a focus on China and India. From 2011 to 2015, she directed the MIT-Tsinghua China Energy and Climate Project, a five-year research effort focused on analyzing the design of energy and climate change policy in China, and its domestic and global impacts.

Susan Thornton was good enough to join me in the Virtual Studio to examine closely the US-China relationship and the rising tensions between the two over Taiwan. The podcast interview was a perfect opportunity to examine more closely with Susan the current Biden foreign policy of ‘competition without catastrophe' with China and to assess particularly the risks of conflict between the two over Taiwan. Susan brings real knowledge of the current players in the Administration and insights from her many years in the State Department. Susan was acting Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian Affairs when she retired from the State Department after a 28-year diplomatic career focused primarily on East and Central Asia. Susan worked on China and Korea policy, including stabilizing relations with Taiwan, the U.S.-China Cyber Agreement, the Paris Climate Accord, and she led a successful negotiation in Pyongyang for monitoring of the Agreed Framework on denuclearization We have been lucky enough in the last several years to have Susan join us, for our China and the West Dialogue (CWD) Project. Susan is currently the Visiting Lecturer in Law at Yale Law School and Senior Fellow at the Paul Tsai China Center there. Susan has much to say on the current state of relations between China and the US so join us for this insightful podcast.

Ryan Hass joined me in the Virtual Studio to examine closely the US-China relationship and the rising tensions between the two. The podcast interview was a perfect opportunity to examine with Ryan early Biden foreign policy from a former US foreign policy official. Ryan brings real knowledge of the current players in the Administration and insights from his focus on China and Taiwan. Ryan Hass is a senior fellow and the Michael H. Armacost Chair in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings, where he holds a joint appointment to the John L. Thornton China Center and the Center for East Asia Policy Studies. He is also the Chen-Fu and Cecilia Yen Koo Chair in Taiwan Studies. Ryan is also a non-resident affiliated fellow at the Paul Tsai China Center at Yale Law School. From 2013 to 2017, Hass served as the director for China, Taiwan and Mongolia at the National Security Council (NSC) staff. In that role he advised President Obama and senior White House officials on all aspects of U.S. policy toward China, Taiwan, and Mongolia, Join me and Ryan Hass in the Virtual Studio to examine all things US-China.

I was pleased to invite Jonathan Luckhurst into the virtual studio to examine the progress toward the G20 Leaders' Summit in Rome that occurs and the end of October. Jonathan has long been a student of the Informals including work on the G7 and the BRICS as well as the G20. He has worked with many in the G7 and G20 Research Groups at the University of Toronto. I wanted to get Jonathan into the Studio with several months to spare to examine the progress of the Italian. Presidency in the drive toward the G20 Leaders' Summit. Jonathan Luckhurst is a Professor of International Relations at the Graduate School of International Peace Studies, at Soka University in Tokyo Japan. He has written extensively on the Informals - the informal international institutions, such as the G7, the BRICS and of course the G20.

It was great pleasure to bring Michael Beckley into the Virtual Studio to discuss US-China tensions and rivalry and the consequences of these tensions for the evolving global order. Michael has written a dynamic series of articles in Foreign Affairs and Foreign Policy concerned with the US, China, and US-China relations. Michael has examined the threat, or not, of Xi Jinping's China as well assessing what a more aggressive China means for the United States, especially its military posture and strategy in the key strategic flashpoints from the Taiwan Straits, the South China Sea and elsewhere in the Asia-Pacific. Some come join us in the Virtual Studio. Michael Beckley is the Jeane Kirkpatrick Visiting Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI), where his research focuses on US-China competition, long-term trends in the US-China power balance, US alliances and grand strategy, and US economic and defense policy in East Asia. Concurrently, he is an Associate Professor at Tufts University. Michael is the author of Unrivaled: Why America Will Remain the World's Sole Superpower (Cornell University Press, 2018).

The new book by Cheng Li - Middle Class Shanghai: Reshaping US-China Engagement, published by Brookings was an excellent moment to bring Cheng Li into the Virtual Studio to explore the influence on the rise of the Middle Class but particularly Shanghai's middle class on China's foreign policy. There was so much to ask Cheng Li about the impact of the middle class on the Party and the Government. We will have to bring Cheng Li back but for now a real opportunity to explore Chinese foreign policy from a unique position, the transformation of political leaders, generational change, the Chinese middle class, and technological development in China. Cheng Li is the director of the John L. Thornton China Center and a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy program at Brookings. He is also a distinguished fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs & Public Policy, University of Toronto. And he is a director of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations. Li is the author or the editor of numerous books including most recently, “China's Political Development: Chinese and American Perspectives” (2014), “Chinese Politics in the Xi Jinping Era: Reassessing Collective Leadership” (2016), “The Power of Ideas: The Rising Influence of Thinkers and Think Tanks in China” (2017), and the just recently released, “Middle Class Shanghai: Reshaping U.S.-China Engagement”. In 1985, Cheng Li came to the United States, where he received a master's in Asian studies from the University of California, Berkeley and a doctorate in political science from Princeton University.

I was pleased to invite into the virtual studio Stewart Patrick to discuss the many efforts to tackle the dramatic decline in biodiversity. Today, there are many summit initiatives underway to deal with the alarming decline in biodiversity. The need to reverse the decline in biodiversity is all too apparent. Humans have already transformed more than 70 percent of the planet's ice-free land surface, primarily for agriculture and ranching, as well as for mining and human settlements. Around 1 million animal and plant species are now threatened with extinction, many within decades, more than ever before in human history. There are many initiatives underway from deserts to wetlands to the High Seas all to deal with the rapid decline in biodiversity. But are they effective? So, Stewart agreed to join us in the Virtual Studio to talk about all these efforts. Stewart M. Patrick is James H. Binger senior fellow in global governance and director of the International Institutions and Global Governance (IIGG) Program at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). His areas of expertise include multilateral cooperation on global issues; U.S. policy toward international institutions, including the United Nations and a focus biodiversity and climate change. From September 2002 to January 2005, Stewart served on the secretary of state's policy planning staff. He is the author, coauthor, or editor of five books. These days Stewart writes the blog, The Internationalist. Stewart graduated from Stanford University and received two master's degrees and his doctorate in international relations from Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar.

It was a pleasure to have Angel Hsu back in the Virtual Studio. As I have pointed out there will be a burst of Summits and Global Summits this fall 2021. Many of these summits will tackle various aspects of climate change and the impact on the Anthropocene. To discuss the issues of climate action I could think of no one better than my colleague, Angel. Today, Angel is an Assistant Professor of Public Policy and the Environment, Ecology and Energy Program (E3P) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She is also Founder and Director of the Data-Driven EnviroLab, an interdisciplinary research group that innovates and applies quantitative approaches to pressing environmental issues. The last time we had a chance to sit down was just following the Global Climate Action Summit that took place in San Francisco in September 2018. The EnviroLab had just before the Climate Summit released the first Report: Global Climate Action from cities, regions, and businesses. Since then, two other reports have been prepared. Angel explores the intersection of science and policy and the use of data-driven approaches to understand environmental sustainability, particularly in the areas of climate change and energy, urbanization and air quality. Angel holds a PhD in Environmental Policy from Yale University, an MPhil in Environmental Policy from the University of Cambridge, and a BS in Biology and BA in Political Science from Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, NC. So, join me as I invite Angel Hsu into the Virtual Studio.

It was a pleasure to invite Joshua Busby back into the virtual studio to discuss the Leaders’ Earth Summit just recently concluded and the current state of climate efforts to reduce emissions and keep the average temperature to as close to 1.5 degrees Celsius ads possible. President Biden invited 40 world leaders to the Leaders’ Summit on Climate which he hosted virtually on April 22nd and 23rd. The Summit brought together the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate, which brought together the 17 countries responsible for approximately 80 percent of global emissions and global GDP. The President also invited the heads of other countries that are demonstrating strong climate leadership, are especially vulnerable to climate impacts, or are charting innovative pathways to a net-zero economy. A small number of business and civil society leaders also participated in the Summit. This Earth Day Summit is a major event on the road to the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) scheduled for this fall in Glasgow. What was committed to by Leaders to this Summit? Where were commitments not made and what are the consequences? What can we expect from the Glasgow COP26 meeting in October following the G20 Leaders Summit in Rome? All of this is part of the discussion that Josh and I had on the continuing global climate change efforts. Joshua Busby is an Associate Professor of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin and a Distinguished Scholar at the Robert S. Strauss Center for International Security and Law. In 2018, Josh joined the Center for Climate & Security as a Senior Research Fellow. Josh is the author of numerous studies on climate change, national security, and energy policy that have been published by peer-reviewed academic outlets and various think tanks.

We are just entering the ‘Summit Season’ and I thought I would kick off the Season with a conversation with Paola Subacchi on the question of the Italian G20 Leaders’ Summit. Paola has been involved in G20 summits going back some years. And she has links to those organizing the Italian Rome Summit that will occur possibly in person in the fall. Paola is a Professor of International Economics and Chair Advisory Board at the Global Policy Institute at Queen Mary, University of London, and Adjunct Professor at the Department of Political and Social Sciences at the University of Bologna. Previously, she was Director of International Economics Research at the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House) for over ten years. She is the founder and director of Essential Economics, an independent economic research service. She writes widely about global financial issues and her most recent book from Yale University Press is The Cost of Free Money (2020). Let’s join Paola in the virtual studio to discuss the G20 Leaders’ Summit.

I invited Nick Bisley into the virtual studio to explore the changing dynamics of the global order in Asia. We have seen the conclusion recently of the RCEP, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership that includes 15 countries including China. In addition, in March we saw the first meeting of leaders of the Quad. The Quadrilateral Initiative made up of the United States, Japan, India and Australia was formed in 2007 but this was the first leaders meeting, though virtually. It was one of the first multilateral gatherings that included President Biden. U.S. National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan noted that each of the four leaders present had described the meeting as “historic.” This podcast was an opportunity then to talk with Nick about the significance of this meeting, the rising Australia-China tensions and the consequences for the region of the rising US-China tensions. Nick Bisley is the Dean and Head of the School of Humanities and Social Sciences and Professor of International Relations at La Trobe University in Melbourne. His research and teaching expertise is in Asia's international relations, great power politics and Australian foreign and defence policy. Nick is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of International served as the Editor-in-Chief of the Australian Journal of International Affairs between 2013 and 2018, the country's oldest scholarly journal in the field of International Relations. Nick is the author of many works on international relations.

I am pleased to welcome back to the virtual studio Thomas Wright from Brookings to explore Biden foreign policy in the wake of the first US-China Summit which took place on March 18th and 19th. What does this meeting between top foreign policy officials tell us about the Biden Administration’s foreign policy, especially between the United States and China? Have we entered Cold War 2.0 between China and the United States? Tom is the director of the Center on the United States and Europe and a senior fellow in the Project on International Order and Strategy at the Brookings Institution. Tom has been very active writing on contemporary politics and in particular the impact of former President Trump and his officials and now President Biden and his officials on American foreign policy. He continues his writing in The Atlantic magazine. Tom’s most recent book, co-authored with Colin Kahl, is entitled: “Aftershocks: Pandemic Politics and the End of the Old International Order” and will be released this coming August.

It is my pleasure to sit with an old colleague who is currently the Executive Director of the Institute for International Trade in the Faculty of the Professions, University of Adelaide, Peter Draper. Much change is afoot in the trade world. First a new Director General has been seated at the WTO, Ngozi Okonjo - Iweala. The DG has much to tackle in the WTO that has been crippled by member actions, especially the Trump Administration. In the Asia - Pacific a new 15 member RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) has been signed and China has signed an investment agreement with the EU, the CAI. And then there are the growing tensions between China and Australia. It was at this crucial moment, I was able to ‘grab’ my colleague for an in - depth discussion of global trade with a particular Asia - Pacific focus. Besides being the Executive Director of the Institute for International Trade in the Faculty of the Professions, University of Adelaide, Australia. He is also a member of the Board of Trustees of the International Chamber of Commerce’s Research Foundation; non-resident senior fellow of the Brussels-based Euro pean Centre for International Political Economy; Associated Researcher at the German Development Institute (DIE); and a Board member of the Australian Services Roundtable.

Bruce and I have had some back and forth recently on the definition and importance of Middle Powers in the current global order. I thought that it would be valuable to invite Bruce into the virtual studio to discuss the role and influence of the Middle Powers. In particular I wanted to review with Bruce his recent writings with several colleagues on ‘democratic multilateralism’ and ‘competitive multilateralism’. How could these shape global governance efforts going forward in light of the growing tensions between the two leading states – the United States and China. Bruce Jones is currently the director and a senior fellow in the Project on International Order and Strategy of the Foreign Policy program at the Brookings Institution; he also works with the Center for East Asia Policy Studies. Bruce is as well a consulting professor at the Freeman Spogli Institute at Stanford University. Jones previously served as the vice president and director for the Foreign Policy program. Jones’ research expertise and policy experience is in international security. His current research focus is on U.S. strategy, international order, and great power relations. Recent publications include an article in Foreign Affairs, “Can Middle Powers Lead the World Out of the Pandemic? Because the United States and China Have Shown They Can’t”

Shaking the Global Order, Series 2 Episode 1 by globalsummitry