Podcasts about Arithmetic

Elementary branch of mathematics

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Arithmetic

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Best podcasts about Arithmetic

Latest podcast episodes about Arithmetic

The History Of Bangalore
The Fall of Bangalore, Part 2: The Breach

The History Of Bangalore

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 22, 2026 18:38


The high-stakes gamble of Cornwallis's ghost camp pays off at dawn, exposing a hidden web of espionage and bribery run by William Read and Thomas Munro within the Mysorean ranks. But as the siege pushes toward its absolute limit, the fate of Bangalore comes down to a desperate midnight assault on March 21, 1791. In the conclusion of this two-part special, Ramjee Chandran chronicles the harrowing final hours of the campaign: the elite "Forlorn Hope" navigating a two-foot-wide causeway under a sky illuminated by Mysorean fireballs, the tragic collapse of an exhausted garrison, and the heroic death of Killedar Bahadur Khan. Key Details from the Script: The Ghost Camp Success: At dawn on March 17, Mysorean gunners unleashed a devastating, carefully targeted artillery salvo directly into Cornwallis's cavalry lines. Though the barrage tore through the canvas tents and churned up the landscape, the tents were entirely empty. Cornwallis's deception saved thousands of cavalry horses from being slaughtered, preserving British mobility for the rest of the campaign. The Espionage of Read and Munro: To bypass the slow Madras administration, Cornwallis relied on Captain William Read and a young, language-proficient officer named Thomas Munro to run a sophisticated network of hircarrahs (intelligence runners). They successfully bribed and cultivated paid informants deep inside Bahadur Khan's own staff, mapping out Mysore's heavy batteries in real-time. (A historical detour: during this period, Munro translated a Persian manuscript containing the "pound of flesh" story that predated Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice). The Arithmetic of Fatigue: Expecting an immediate British assault on March 20, Tipu Sultan threw 700 elite dismounted cavalrymen into the fort as reinforcements. The defenders stayed awake in a state of high alert for over 24 hours, maintaining constant fire. When the assault failed to materialise during the day of the 21st, the garrison succumbed to profound exhaustion—leaving them unable to hold watch when the true midnight attack finally commenced. The Blank Cartridge Deception: On the day of the assault, the British concentrated heavy fire on the towers overlooking the eastern curtain wall breach near the Delhi Gate. For one full hour leading up to the attack, Colonel Giles ordered his men to switch to blank cartridges. The continuous noise and smoke successfully kept the defenders pinned away from the walls while allowing the storming parties to quietly slip into position undetected. The Path of the Forlorn Hope: At 11:00 PM under absolute secrecy, the "Forlorn Hope"—a sergeant, twelve men, two lieutenants, and thirty elite soldiers—led the advance. To reach the breach, they had to cross a narrow, 100-yard causeway that the defenders had cut through, leaving a ledge just two feet wide. Soldiers crossed in single file in total darkness before the fort erupted with defensive blue lights and explosive fireballs that illuminated the night like the noon sun. The Fall and the Tragedy: Led by the Forlorn Hope and supported by the Madras Sappers carrying scaling ladders, the British fought their way up the jagged breach, igniting brutal hand-to-hand combat across the ramparts. Within an hour, the fort fell. In the chaotic aftermath, retreating garrison troops collided with a crowd of sheltering women and children in a narrow gateway; unable to distinguish between them in the dark, British troops killed over 1,400 people. The Death of a Hero: The silver-bearded Killedar, Bahadur Khan, fought to his final breath, sustaining nearly as many wounds "as were inflicted on Caesar in the capitol." Impressed by his gallantry, the British offered his remains to Tipu Sultan, who wept and requested he be buried where he fell. The British buried the veteran defender with full military honors, attended by senior Muslim officers from the British ranks. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Prestige Group, that makes this podcast possible. Follow The History Of Bangalore on social, here: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/historyofbangalore/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/HistoryOfBangalore Twitter: https://twitter.com/HistoryOfBLR YouTube: https://youtube.com/@HistoryOfBangalore?si=mnH3BsYfI4BUU234 iHeartRadio: https://www.iheart.com/podcast/1323-the-history-of-bangalore-163453722/ Follow Ramjee Chandran on Instagram and Twitter: @ramjeechandran The theme music for the show was composed by German-Indian Koln based percussionist, Ramesh Shotham. Ramjee Chandran's photos by Asha Thadani. RESEARCH AND SOURCES: All our episodes are based on published research and archive records. To request information about our sources, write to hob@explocity.com. Let us know if you are a researcher (either institutional or independent) and also provide some information about why you need this information. Researchers will get priority. We only have time to engage serious, academic queries so please understand if we do not respond to casual requests.

The Rational Reminder Podcast
Market Simulations & Financial Planning | #411 (John Yang)

The Rational Reminder Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 28, 2026 77:24


In this episode, Ben Felix and Braden Warwick unpack the surprisingly complex world of expected return modeling and why it matters so much for retirement projections, portfolio construction, and financial advice. They explain how PWL Capital currently estimates expected returns across asset classes, why traditional Monte Carlo methods relying on Gaussian distributions may miss important market behaviors, and how new research could improve the realism of long-term financial planning simulations. The conversation also explores a fascinating collaboration between PWL and Columbia Engineering student John Yang, who worked with Professor Michael Robbins on a project to build more realistic synthetic return data for financial planning. John explains how his team used empirical distributions, t-copulas, and Extreme Value Theory to better capture market crashes, fat tails, and asset co-movements during periods of stress. Ben and Braden then analyze how these improved simulation methods affect financial planning outcomes, sustainable spending estimates, and projections for long-term wealth accumulation.   Key Points From This Episode: (0:00:00) Introduction to expected return modeling and why it matters for financial planning.  (0:00:25) The importance of volatility, correlations, distribution shape, and time-series behavior in portfolio projections.  (0:01:26) How Scott Cederburg's research on block bootstrapping influenced PWL's thinking on simulations.  (0:02:03) Introduction to Columbia Engineering student John Yang and the industry research collaboration.  (0:03:30) How Conquest Planning allows PWL to upload custom return simulations.  (0:04:05) A new PWL client's detailed reasoning for moving from DIY investing to working with an advisor.  (0:06:22) Why financial planning and Monte Carlo simulations were central to the client's decision.  (0:07:22) Cross-border financial complexity and the value of professional advice.  (0:08:03) Estate planning, cognitive decline, and the role of trusted financial relationships.  (0:10:02) Research on cognitive decline and its impact on financial decision-making.  (0:12:00) Delegation, accountability, and reducing mental overhead through advisory relationships.  (0:13:47) Why the client chose PWL specifically and the appeal of evidence-based investing.  (0:15:25) Ben and Braden discuss the perceived disconnect between online discourse and demand for AUM advisors.  (0:16:12) Overview of PWL's methodology for estimating expected returns across asset classes.  (0:17:05) How PWL combines historical returns with market-implied expected returns.  (0:18:07) The use of factor premiums and expected return composition in taxable projections.  (0:18:48) Why PWL previously relied on Gaussian multivariate normal distributions for simulations.  (0:19:41) Arithmetic vs. geometric mean returns and why the distinction matters.  (0:21:01) A simple example illustrating volatility drag.  (0:23:29) Why diversification benefits must be incorporated into expected portfolio returns.  (0:25:15) How correcting portfolio math improved expected return estimates by 20–30 basis points.  (0:27:12) Transition to John Yang's interview and introduction to synthetic data generation.  (0:30:07) John explains the limitations of Gaussian return assumptions.  (0:31:04) Why realistic sequences of returns matter for retirement planning.  (0:32:16) Empirical evidence that returns are not truly random.  (0:33:25) The three modeling challenges: unique asset behavior, realistic co-movement, and tail risk.  (0:37:49) Separating marginal distributions from dependency structures in the modeling process.  (0:38:48) Using a t-copula to better model asset co-movement during market stress.  (0:39:39) Why historical data alone struggles to capture rare crisis events.  (0:40:06) Applying Extreme Value Theory and Generalized Pareto Distributions to model tail risk.  (0:42:15) How Monte Carlo simulations generate many realistic future return paths.  (0:43:00) Imposing forward-looking expected returns and volatility assumptions onto the simulations.  (0:44:56) How the new framework better preserves skewness and kurtosis.  (0:46:38) Evaluating the new model using marginal shape, tail behavior, and co-movement scores.  (0:48:10) Why the new model significantly improved tail realism without sacrificing correlations.  (0:49:05) Future extensions including dynamic correlations and volatility clustering.  (0:50:28) Potential future use of GANs and machine learning for synthetic financial data.  (0:52:02) Key takeaway: financial planning requires realistic return paths, not just summary statistics.  (0:53:41) Braden analyzes how the new simulation framework affects financial advice.  (0:55:04) Why monthly index data produced fatter tails than long-term annual DMS data.  (0:58:47) The new model improved Monte Carlo success rates by roughly 2–3%.  (1:00:25) Sustainable spending estimates changed only modestly under the new simulations.  (1:02:27) Why the improved methodology matters more for alternative asset classes.  (1:04:25) The surprising finding that median wealth outcomes increased while mean outcomes decreased.  (1:05:47) Why Gaussian simulations can create unrealistic runaway wealth scenarios.  (1:07:20) The practical implications for estate planning and multi-generational wealth projections.  (1:08:30) Why better simulation methods are especially important for concentrated and alternative investments.   Links From Today's Episode: Meet with PWL Capital: https://calendly.com/d/3vm-t2j-h3p Rational Reminder on iTunes — https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-rational-reminder-podcast/id1426530582. Rational Reminder on Instagram — https://www.instagram.com/rationalreminder/ Rational Reminder on YouTube — https://www.youtube.com/channel/ Benjamin Felix — https://pwlcapital.com/our-team/ Benjamin on X — https://x.com/benjaminwfelix Benjamin on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjaminwfelix/   Editing and post-production work for this episode was provided by The Podcast Consultant (https://thepodcastconsultant.com)  

Packaging Perspectives Podcast
Packaging EPR's 2026 Reality Check

Packaging Perspectives Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 19, 2026 24:56


Arithmetic is simple. Compliance is not. We recently sat down with Anna Kendall of Ernst & Young LLP to discuss the challenges of meeting both imminent and long-term EPR mandates, including a coordinated May 31 reporting deadline across six states.

Hack the Net
Hack the Net 288 – Aethers, Automatons, and Arithmetic

Hack the Net

Play Episode Listen Later May 15, 2026 79:59


You gotta stay for the post-credits scene on this one. Matt: mastodon.cloud/@mattherron Louisa: mastodon.xyz/@Louisa Jeff: Letterboxd.com/jeffjk Please rate, review, and subscribe to our podcast and follow us on Twitter @hackthenetpod or e-mail us at SeeingReddit@gmail.com! Tell your friends if you enjoy the show! Our theme song is Chrome by Podington Bear and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

Framework Leadership
The Biblical Arithmetic In Our Lives - Doug Witherup

Framework Leadership

Play Episode Listen Later May 4, 2026 20:51


In this episode, I am joined by Doug Witherup who breaks down the Edenic Covenent and how the first words from Jesus to us was to multiply. The devil gives us an alternative, addition by subtraction or subtraction by addition. Tune in to hear the importance of spoken scripture over our lives and why multiplication is so important.

Framework Leadership
The Biblical Arithmetic In Our Lives - Doug Witherup

Framework Leadership

Play Episode Listen Later May 4, 2026 20:51


In this episode, I am joined by Doug Witherup who breaks down the Edenic Covenent and how the first words from Jesus to us was to multiply. The devil gives us an alternative, addition by subtraction or subtraction by addition. Tune in to hear the importance of spoken scripture over our lives and why multiplication is so important.

New Books Network
Raffaele Danna, "The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600" (Harvard UP, 2026)

New Books Network

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 28, 2026 64:23


In the thirteenth-century Mediterranean, commerce transformed as merchants shifted from Roman to Indo-Arabic numerals—an alternative that better facilitated complex calculations. It has long been known that this transition stemmed from Europe's increasing exchanges with India, Persia, and the Arabic world. Yet much remains to be understood about how Indo-Arabic numerals—and the practical arithmetic they enabled—actually spread across Europe. As Dr. Raffaele Danna shows in The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600 (Harvard University Press, 2026), it was hundreds of ordinary merchants, schoolmasters, and artisans who nurtured these changes, thereby driving key advances in both commerce and mathematics. Drawing on an original catalog of more than 1,200 practical arithmetic manuals, Dr. Danna charts the incremental spread of the new figures with unprecedented precision. While Italian merchants were the early adopters, it took nearly three centuries for Indo-Arabic numerals to become established in northern Europe. As Dr. Danna shows, adoption did not follow the routes of maritime trade. Rather, Indo-Arabic numerals moved gradually across the continent through inland networks of practitioners. Everywhere they went, the ten figures enhanced commercial practices and facilitated the emergence of a coherent language of mathematical craft. The growing social circulation of this knowledge, in turn, had a lasting impact on the economic trajectory of Western Europe. By the late sixteenth century, even academics were absorbing lessons from the vernacular tradition—a development that led to the first major breakthroughs in European mathematical theory since antiquity. Combining economic history with the social history of mathematics, The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals illuminates the integral role of practical arithmetic in both intellectual and commercial transformations across Western Europe. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

New Books in Early Modern History
Raffaele Danna, "The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600" (Harvard UP, 2026)

New Books in Early Modern History

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 28, 2026 64:23


In the thirteenth-century Mediterranean, commerce transformed as merchants shifted from Roman to Indo-Arabic numerals—an alternative that better facilitated complex calculations. It has long been known that this transition stemmed from Europe's increasing exchanges with India, Persia, and the Arabic world. Yet much remains to be understood about how Indo-Arabic numerals—and the practical arithmetic they enabled—actually spread across Europe. As Dr. Raffaele Danna shows in The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600 (Harvard University Press, 2026), it was hundreds of ordinary merchants, schoolmasters, and artisans who nurtured these changes, thereby driving key advances in both commerce and mathematics. Drawing on an original catalog of more than 1,200 practical arithmetic manuals, Dr. Danna charts the incremental spread of the new figures with unprecedented precision. While Italian merchants were the early adopters, it took nearly three centuries for Indo-Arabic numerals to become established in northern Europe. As Dr. Danna shows, adoption did not follow the routes of maritime trade. Rather, Indo-Arabic numerals moved gradually across the continent through inland networks of practitioners. Everywhere they went, the ten figures enhanced commercial practices and facilitated the emergence of a coherent language of mathematical craft. The growing social circulation of this knowledge, in turn, had a lasting impact on the economic trajectory of Western Europe. By the late sixteenth century, even academics were absorbing lessons from the vernacular tradition—a development that led to the first major breakthroughs in European mathematical theory since antiquity. Combining economic history with the social history of mathematics, The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals illuminates the integral role of practical arithmetic in both intellectual and commercial transformations across Western Europe. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

New Books in Science
Raffaele Danna, "The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600" (Harvard UP, 2026)

New Books in Science

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 28, 2026 64:23


In the thirteenth-century Mediterranean, commerce transformed as merchants shifted from Roman to Indo-Arabic numerals—an alternative that better facilitated complex calculations. It has long been known that this transition stemmed from Europe's increasing exchanges with India, Persia, and the Arabic world. Yet much remains to be understood about how Indo-Arabic numerals—and the practical arithmetic they enabled—actually spread across Europe. As Dr. Raffaele Danna shows in The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600 (Harvard University Press, 2026), it was hundreds of ordinary merchants, schoolmasters, and artisans who nurtured these changes, thereby driving key advances in both commerce and mathematics. Drawing on an original catalog of more than 1,200 practical arithmetic manuals, Dr. Danna charts the incremental spread of the new figures with unprecedented precision. While Italian merchants were the early adopters, it took nearly three centuries for Indo-Arabic numerals to become established in northern Europe. As Dr. Danna shows, adoption did not follow the routes of maritime trade. Rather, Indo-Arabic numerals moved gradually across the continent through inland networks of practitioners. Everywhere they went, the ten figures enhanced commercial practices and facilitated the emergence of a coherent language of mathematical craft. The growing social circulation of this knowledge, in turn, had a lasting impact on the economic trajectory of Western Europe. By the late sixteenth century, even academics were absorbing lessons from the vernacular tradition—a development that led to the first major breakthroughs in European mathematical theory since antiquity. Combining economic history with the social history of mathematics, The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals illuminates the integral role of practical arithmetic in both intellectual and commercial transformations across Western Europe. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science

New Books in the History of Science
Raffaele Danna, "The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600" (Harvard UP, 2026)

New Books in the History of Science

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 28, 2026 64:23


In the thirteenth-century Mediterranean, commerce transformed as merchants shifted from Roman to Indo-Arabic numerals—an alternative that better facilitated complex calculations. It has long been known that this transition stemmed from Europe's increasing exchanges with India, Persia, and the Arabic world. Yet much remains to be understood about how Indo-Arabic numerals—and the practical arithmetic they enabled—actually spread across Europe. As Dr. Raffaele Danna shows in The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600 (Harvard University Press, 2026), it was hundreds of ordinary merchants, schoolmasters, and artisans who nurtured these changes, thereby driving key advances in both commerce and mathematics. Drawing on an original catalog of more than 1,200 practical arithmetic manuals, Dr. Danna charts the incremental spread of the new figures with unprecedented precision. While Italian merchants were the early adopters, it took nearly three centuries for Indo-Arabic numerals to become established in northern Europe. As Dr. Danna shows, adoption did not follow the routes of maritime trade. Rather, Indo-Arabic numerals moved gradually across the continent through inland networks of practitioners. Everywhere they went, the ten figures enhanced commercial practices and facilitated the emergence of a coherent language of mathematical craft. The growing social circulation of this knowledge, in turn, had a lasting impact on the economic trajectory of Western Europe. By the late sixteenth century, even academics were absorbing lessons from the vernacular tradition—a development that led to the first major breakthroughs in European mathematical theory since antiquity. Combining economic history with the social history of mathematics, The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals illuminates the integral role of practical arithmetic in both intellectual and commercial transformations across Western Europe. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

New Books in Science, Technology, and Society
Raffaele Danna, "The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600" (Harvard UP, 2026)

New Books in Science, Technology, and Society

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 28, 2026 64:23


In the thirteenth-century Mediterranean, commerce transformed as merchants shifted from Roman to Indo-Arabic numerals—an alternative that better facilitated complex calculations. It has long been known that this transition stemmed from Europe's increasing exchanges with India, Persia, and the Arabic world. Yet much remains to be understood about how Indo-Arabic numerals—and the practical arithmetic they enabled—actually spread across Europe. As Dr. Raffaele Danna shows in The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600 (Harvard University Press, 2026), it was hundreds of ordinary merchants, schoolmasters, and artisans who nurtured these changes, thereby driving key advances in both commerce and mathematics. Drawing on an original catalog of more than 1,200 practical arithmetic manuals, Dr. Danna charts the incremental spread of the new figures with unprecedented precision. While Italian merchants were the early adopters, it took nearly three centuries for Indo-Arabic numerals to become established in northern Europe. As Dr. Danna shows, adoption did not follow the routes of maritime trade. Rather, Indo-Arabic numerals moved gradually across the continent through inland networks of practitioners. Everywhere they went, the ten figures enhanced commercial practices and facilitated the emergence of a coherent language of mathematical craft. The growing social circulation of this knowledge, in turn, had a lasting impact on the economic trajectory of Western Europe. By the late sixteenth century, even academics were absorbing lessons from the vernacular tradition—a development that led to the first major breakthroughs in European mathematical theory since antiquity. Combining economic history with the social history of mathematics, The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals illuminates the integral role of practical arithmetic in both intellectual and commercial transformations across Western Europe. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/science-technology-and-society

New Books in Economic and Business History
Raffaele Danna, "The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600" (Harvard UP, 2026)

New Books in Economic and Business History

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 28, 2026 64:23


In the thirteenth-century Mediterranean, commerce transformed as merchants shifted from Roman to Indo-Arabic numerals—an alternative that better facilitated complex calculations. It has long been known that this transition stemmed from Europe's increasing exchanges with India, Persia, and the Arabic world. Yet much remains to be understood about how Indo-Arabic numerals—and the practical arithmetic they enabled—actually spread across Europe. As Dr. Raffaele Danna shows in The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600 (Harvard University Press, 2026), it was hundreds of ordinary merchants, schoolmasters, and artisans who nurtured these changes, thereby driving key advances in both commerce and mathematics. Drawing on an original catalog of more than 1,200 practical arithmetic manuals, Dr. Danna charts the incremental spread of the new figures with unprecedented precision. While Italian merchants were the early adopters, it took nearly three centuries for Indo-Arabic numerals to become established in northern Europe. As Dr. Danna shows, adoption did not follow the routes of maritime trade. Rather, Indo-Arabic numerals moved gradually across the continent through inland networks of practitioners. Everywhere they went, the ten figures enhanced commercial practices and facilitated the emergence of a coherent language of mathematical craft. The growing social circulation of this knowledge, in turn, had a lasting impact on the economic trajectory of Western Europe. By the late sixteenth century, even academics were absorbing lessons from the vernacular tradition—a development that led to the first major breakthroughs in European mathematical theory since antiquity. Combining economic history with the social history of mathematics, The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals illuminates the integral role of practical arithmetic in both intellectual and commercial transformations across Western Europe. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

New Books in Medieval History
Raffaele Danna, "The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600" (Harvard UP, 2026)

New Books in Medieval History

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 28, 2026 64:23


In the thirteenth-century Mediterranean, commerce transformed as merchants shifted from Roman to Indo-Arabic numerals—an alternative that better facilitated complex calculations. It has long been known that this transition stemmed from Europe's increasing exchanges with India, Persia, and the Arabic world. Yet much remains to be understood about how Indo-Arabic numerals—and the practical arithmetic they enabled—actually spread across Europe. As Dr. Raffaele Danna shows in The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals: How Practical Arithmetic Shaped Commerce and Mathematics in Western Europe, 1200–1600 (Harvard University Press, 2026), it was hundreds of ordinary merchants, schoolmasters, and artisans who nurtured these changes, thereby driving key advances in both commerce and mathematics. Drawing on an original catalog of more than 1,200 practical arithmetic manuals, Dr. Danna charts the incremental spread of the new figures with unprecedented precision. While Italian merchants were the early adopters, it took nearly three centuries for Indo-Arabic numerals to become established in northern Europe. As Dr. Danna shows, adoption did not follow the routes of maritime trade. Rather, Indo-Arabic numerals moved gradually across the continent through inland networks of practitioners. Everywhere they went, the ten figures enhanced commercial practices and facilitated the emergence of a coherent language of mathematical craft. The growing social circulation of this knowledge, in turn, had a lasting impact on the economic trajectory of Western Europe. By the late sixteenth century, even academics were absorbing lessons from the vernacular tradition—a development that led to the first major breakthroughs in European mathematical theory since antiquity. Combining economic history with the social history of mathematics, The Craft of Indo-Arabic Numerals illuminates the integral role of practical arithmetic in both intellectual and commercial transformations across Western Europe. This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda's interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher, wherever you get your podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Making Problems to Solve
Aesthetic over arithmetic - Group Forge with Trevor and Patti

Making Problems to Solve

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 23, 2026 70:16


Trevor is back with Patti Gilstrap to recap and chat about our experience at the Maker Camp Group Forge. The group forge event is a collaborative learning experience where a bunch of folks of varying levels of experience work together to bring a vision into reality over a weekend. This year's project was an approximately 10 foot tall steel weathervane adorned with copper accents. We discuss as usual, the process, and the unique property of undo when working with hot metal. Thanks to Chris Cash and Matt Harris for leading the event and Curtis Bohn for sharing his metal forming tips.

The Medusa's Cascade
Field Reports 29: Demon's Arithmetic

The Medusa's Cascade

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 4, 2026 18:47


As the party journeys toward Ors Themar, they encounter more creatures of the Underdark before overhearing a tense Drow scouting group speaking about them in Undercommon. After a wary exchange, the two groups discover a shared ally in Nettie and agree to travel together. While Yuirk and Arguile pass the time with Dragonchess, the party learns of Ors Themar's dire state and prepares for the dangers ahead, including the ominous Chasme whose droning echoes through the tunnels. Upon reaching the outskirts, they slip past the front gate and enter a ruined, silent city where danger quickly finds them. A gargoyle ambush ignites a massive battle, soon joined by scavengers, Chasme, and a charging force of Armanites as the party struggles to conserve resources and survive.The fight intensifies as Shanks is struck by an unknown sniper's massive arrow, prompting him to pursue the hidden threat while the others press deeper into the devastated streets in search of Enich. Arguile deciphers Thieves' Cant that hints at possible clues, but before the party can investigate further, they are confronted by an iron golem, forcing another exhausting battle. Meanwhile, Shanks locates the sniper's perch, sets an explosive trap, and collapses the structure, only to realize his target survived. The chaos escalates as the team fights wave after wave of enemies, the city ringing with clashing metal, buzzing wings, and thundering hooves, until Shanks' frantic updates suddenly cut off as he's struck down in retaliation.With resources nearly spent and enemies still swarming, the party begins a desperate retreat. Yurik uses Dimension Door to recover Shanks, while Galahad ferries allies through the streets under heavy fire. Zechs, carried by Salix in giant eagle form, creates a massive pit with his Hole Thrower to slow their pursuers and even tosses a summoned baboon from his Bag of Tricks to add to the chaos. Bloodied, exhausted, and barely holding the line, the Collateral crew manages to regroup and flee deeper into Ors Themar, another narrowly survived chapter in their relentless fight through a city under siege.There's so much happening, and we pick up with arc 29, “Demon's Arithmetic”. How will the rest of this story unfold? Find out next time on the Medusa's Cascade: Collateral Damage!Theme Music is written and performed by EfflorescenceMixed by Thomas Lapierre IIITitle Card by Pierce Graphics Check out the show at themedusascascade.co Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

An Ounce
Why 4 – 1 Sometimes Equals 6

An Ounce

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 14, 2026 6:20


Why 4 – 1 sometimes equals 6 sounds impossible—but research in economics, behavioral science, and social capital suggests generosity, trust, and reputation can influence financial outcomes in surprising ways.Most of us assume prosperity follows a simple rule: save more, give less. Arithmetic says keeping money should always leave you with more.But decades of economic research suggest something unexpected: A counterintuitive Life Lesson - households that give more often end up earning more later.Is generosity secretly a financial strategy?Or is something deeper happening in the systems we live in?In this episode of An Ounce, we explore a strange equation—why giving away one dollar can sometimes lead to more than you started with. Not through magic or prosperity myths, but through the hidden mechanics of trust, reputation, networks, and opportunity.Sometimes the equation isn't wrong.Sometimes the equation is just bigger than we thought.If you enjoy exploring counterintuitive ideas, behavioral economics, and the hidden patterns behind everyday assumptions, you'll feel right at home here.This episode explores ideas connected to behavioral economics, social capital, generosity research, trust, reputation, and the ways human systems shape opportunity and prosperity over time.________________________________________

The 3-13, Men Money And Marriage
The ROI of I Do, The Math Behind a Successful Marriage

The 3-13, Men Money And Marriage

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 13, 2026 23:44


Visit our webpage to join our growing communitywww.podpage.com/the-3-13-men-money-and-marriageCash App $a114johnsonSummaryThis episode explores the ROI of marriage, emphasizing the importance of strategic partner selection, financial compatibility, and understanding the arithmetic behind successful relationships. It highlights how thoughtful planning and financial literacy can significantly impact long-term happiness and stability, ROI, financial planning, partner selection, financial DNA, marriage success, financial literacy, relationship tipsKey topicsThe importance of partner selection and financial traitsThe role of arithmetic and probability in relationship successFinancial DNA and early childhood influencesManaging money behaviors: spenders vs saversMarriage as a legal and financial contractPrenuptial agreements and financial protectionJoint income streams and retirement planningRed flags and signs of financial infidelityChoosing a partner with good financial traits simplifies life.The probability of finding an ideal partner is low; use arithmetic to set realistic expectations.Financial DNA is shaped early in life and influences adult behavior.Automatic savings and investing are crucial for financial stability.Marriage is a legal and financial contract that requires transparency.Both spouses working can accelerate financial independence.The Math Behind a Successful Marriage: ROI and Partner SelectionUnlocking the ROI of 'I Do': Financial and Relationship Strategies"Arithmetic is the mother of safety.""Marriage is a legal and financial contract.""Your financial DNA is shaped early in life."Chapters 00:00 Introduction to the ROI of Marriage02:47 The Importance of Partner Selection05:31 Financial DNA and Its Impact on Relationships08:23 The Role of Money in Marriage10:56 Marriage as a Financial Contract13:40Red Flags and Deal Breakers in Relationships16:29 Investment Philosophies and Financial Compatibility19:22Conclusion and Future Directions

The Manila Times Podcasts
OPINION: The arithmetic of preventing a Duterte restoration | Mar. 5, 2026

The Manila Times Podcasts

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 5, 2026 6:27


Subscribe to The Manila Times Channel - https://tmt.ph/YTSubscribe Visit our website at https://www.manilatimes.net Follow us: Facebook - https://tmt.ph/facebook Instagram - https://tmt.ph/instagram Twitter - https://tmt.ph/twitter DailyMotion - https://tmt.ph/dailymotion Subscribe to our Digital Edition - https://tmt.ph/digital Check out our Podcasts: Spotify - https://tmt.ph/spotify Apple Podcasts - https://tmt.ph/applepodcasts Amazon Music - https://tmt.ph/amazonmusic Deezer: https://tmt.ph/deezer Stitcher: https://tmt.ph/stitcher Tune In: https://tmt.ph/tunein #TheManilaTimes #KeepUpWithTheTimes Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

FM Mundo
Hola Mundo - programa internacional ALOHA Mental Arithmetic celebra su décimo aniversario en Ecuador

FM Mundo

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 26, 2026 9:01


Hola Mundo - programa internacional ALOHA Mental Arithmetic celebra su décimo aniversario en Ecuador by FM Mundo 98.1

Apostolic Faith daily Message
C.R. Free - Apostolic Arithmetic

Apostolic Faith daily Message

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 15, 2026 79:06


C.R. Free - Apostolic Arithmetic

WOE.BEGONE
231: The Matt Pack in: Faulty Arithmetic

WOE.BEGONE

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 7, 2026 28:12


it is important to make sure your enemy is dead, so that he cannot attack you when you turn your back.[Warning: This episode contains a depiction of death. Listener discretion is advised.]CREDITS:Jamie Petronis as MattAleksandr Batenko as BorisKO-FI SHOP: https://ko-fi.com/woebegonepod/shopLINKS:MUSIC: http://woebegonepod.bandcamp.comBLUSTEER: http://blusteer.bandcamp.comTWITCH: http://twitch.tv/woebegonepodPATREON: http://patreon.com/woe_begoneALIZA SCHULTZ: https://shows.acast.com/the-diary-of-aliza-schultzTRANSCRIPTS: http://WOEBEGONEPOD.comTWITTER: @WOEBEGONEPOD Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Engines of Our Ingenuity
The Engines of Our Ingenuity 1500: A Landmark: 1500/2000

Engines of Our Ingenuity

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 4, 2026 3:43


Episode: 1500 1500th episode and 2000 AD: A poor time to summarize.  Today, we reach a landmark.

The Medusa's Cascade
Collateral Damage - C1E184 Demon's Arithmetic

The Medusa's Cascade

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 20, 2025 141:40


Amid a chaotic tactical retreat, the party is scattered and under heavy pressure. Arguile is locked in combat with a draegloth, Shanks is on the brink of death, Yurik is struggling to reconnect with the group, and Galahad, glowing and highly visible, draws relentless enemy fire while attempting evasive maneuvers. Zechs deploys an axe beak from his Tan Bag of Tricks to disrupt the draegloth, while Duo delivers Shanks' chained alchemist fire to further weaken it, allowing Salix to extract Arguile by eagle. Meanwhile, Galahad is struck by a lightning arrow and badly injured, Turk and Glad remain stuck to him, and Salix, Zechs, and a barely lucid Arguile scramble to locate Shanks with no clear bearings.Duo is sent ahead to search and coordinate, eventually catching up to Yurik and guiding him through the chaos of Ors Thurmar. Zechs summons additional eagles to aid the search, but they are shot down, costing the group time and momentum. Turk and Glad fend off a chasme while stuck to Galahad, and Salix creates a decoy image to draw sniper fire, giving the party a chance to regroup and escape at low altitude. Yurik contributes by unleashing a firestorm toward the area where the group fell. Through quick thinking and teamwork, Salix, Zechs, and Arguile reach Shanks in time and pull him back from death. Once reunited, Zechs uses alcohol from the Bag of Holding to dissolve the substance binding Galahad, Turk, and Glad, allowing the party to move together again.The group is then approached by a pale man, urging them to move quickly and quietly, revealed to be Enich, Yurik's son and Arguile's half-brother. After brief explanations of his disappearance and how he's survived, Enich leads them to a hidden safe spot where they can rest and recover. The brothers share a quiet moment bonding over family memories, and Enich confirms hearing rumors of Elrin topside, but nothing of Arioch. Shanks and Arguile exchange coded words in Thieves' Cant, revealing that Arguile's stone has grown warmer in the Underdark and that its number has dropped significantly, raising new concerns. With questions unanswered but strength regained, Enich points out a route out of the city, and the party prepares to move on.There's so much happening, and that's where we pick up…Find out what happens next in this episode of the Medusa's Cascade: Collateral Damage!Theme Music is written and performed by EfflorescenceMixed by Thomas Lapierre IIICheck out the show at themedusascascade.com

The 3-13, Men Money And Marriage
Does Optimism Outweighs Arithmetic in Relationships

The 3-13, Men Money And Marriage

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 11, 2025 20:07


webpage:www.podpage.com/the-3-13-men-money-and-marriageCash App: $a114johnsonSummaryIn this episode of the 313 Men, Money and Marriage podcast, host Andrew Johnson explores the interplay between optimism and arithmetic in relationships. He discusses how individuals often prioritize hope and potential over logical evaluations, leading to poor decision-making in partner selection. The conversation delves into the dangers of excessive optimism, the importance of balancing emotional investment with practical considerations, and when optimism can be a beneficial investment in a relationship. Johnson emphasizes the need for self-awareness and realistic expectations in dating and relationships.takeawaysOptimism often clouds judgment in relationships.Many choose partners based on potential rather than reality.Arithmetic in relationships serves as a scorecard for contributions.Ignoring red flags can lead to chronic issues like infidelity.The sunken cause fallacy can trap individuals in unfulfilling relationships.Balancing optimism with logic is crucial for healthy relationships.The five to one rule can guide relationship satisfaction.Self-awareness is key in setting realistic expectations.Understanding the odds can prevent wasted time in dating.Optimism can be beneficial when grounded in reality.The Balance of Hope and Logic in RelationshipsNavigating Love: Optimism vs. Arithmetic"When does optimism become delusional?""Ignoring red flags pertaining to optimism.""The sunken cause fallacy in relationships."Chapters00:00 Introduction and Overview01:20 Optimism vs. Arithmetic in Relationships04:56 The Role of Emotional Investment09:51 Delusional Optimism and Red Flags10:51 Finding Balance Between Optimism and Arithmetic16:42 Conclusion: When Optimism Pays Off

Teach Sleep Repeat
Ep 153: Listener Questions: Covering Sick Leave, Teacher Wellbeing Fads & Why Arithmetic Is Vital!

Teach Sleep Repeat

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 19, 2025 43:07


Join our free WhatsApp community for Q&A submissions,polls on future episodes & links to the podcast first: https://chat.whatsapp.com/HB7n1PNGdGL5STACssEH1sLeave us a review and share this episode with someone youthink might enjoy it! It really helps us out.Follow us on Instagram: www.instagram.com/teachsleeprepeatpodcastFollow us on TikTok: www.tiktok.com/teachsleeprepeatpodcast

Engines of Our Ingenuity
The Engines of Our Ingenuity 1472: Big Numbers

Engines of Our Ingenuity

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 16, 2025 3:41


Episode: 1472 New uses for huge numbers.  Today, big numbers find new meaning.

The Book Faire: Children's Literature for Grownups
The Devil's Arithmetic | Banned Books Week 2025

The Book Faire: Children's Literature for Grownups

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 7, 2025 6:17


In this special episode of the Book Fair Podcast, Anthony discusses 'The Devil's Arithmetic' by Jane Yolen, a poignant historical fiction novel that explores the Holocaust through the eyes of a young Jewish girl named Hannah. The conversation delves into the themes of memory, tradition, and the importance of remembering history to prevent its repetition. Anthony also addresses the controversy surrounding the book's banning due to its depiction of nudity and the harsh realities faced by Holocaust victims, emphasizing the need for education and remembrance in today's society.

Simply Charlotte Mason Homeschooling
The Story Behind The Charlotte Mason Elementary Arithmetic Series

Simply Charlotte Mason Homeschooling

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 10, 2025 14:55


Richele Baburina joins Sonya for a special look behind the scenes at the creation of The Charlotte Mason Elementary Arithmetic Series. The Story Behind The Charlotte Mason Elementary Arithmetic Series originally appeared on Simply Charlotte Mason.

Simply Charlotte Mason Homeschooling (video)
The Story Behind The Charlotte Mason Elementary Arithmetic Series

Simply Charlotte Mason Homeschooling (video)

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 10, 2025


Richele Baburina joins Sonya for a special look behind the scenes at the creation of The Charlotte Mason Elementary Arithmetic Series. The Story Behind The Charlotte Mason Elementary Arithmetic Series originally appeared on Simply Charlotte Mason.

The Best Interest Podcast
Where Investors Go Wrong: Tax Traps, Math Mistakes, and Behavioral Biases - E115

The Best Interest Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 3, 2025 70:29


Today, Jesse goes solo for a candid episode unpacking the most common mistakes and misconceptions he sees in personal finance, from the temptation to “rip off the bandaid” with Roth conversions to the behavioral traps of availability bias and flawed math around investment returns. He breaks down a real listener case study to show why paying millions in unnecessary taxes up front rarely makes sense, and explains why geometric averages—not arithmetic ones—are the only way to understand long-term investment performance. Jesse also tackles the question of whether hiring a financial planner still matters in an age of index funds, outlining how professional guidance can protect investors from costly behavioral mistakes and add value through tax strategies, estate planning, and disciplined execution. He goes behind the curtain on why most planners don't offer hourly services, compares business models in the industry, and underscores that even high earners can't outgrow poor spending habits. Finally, Jesse calls out the dangers of internet financial advice and reminds listeners that true financial success comes from avoiding pitfalls, questioning easy narratives, and building steady, intentional plans for the long run. Key Takeaways: • Availability bias influences investors—we tend to make decisions based on the most recent or vivid information, not on comprehensive analysis. • Neighbors' choices aren't financial advice—copying friends or coworkers' strategies can be dangerous without context. • The arithmetic average is misleading in investing—it ignores compounding and makes returns look better than they are. Geometric averages (compound returns) are the correct measure—they show the real growth rate of investments over time. • Financial advisors provide behavioral coaching and planning, not just advice. • You can't out-compound bad spending—even large salaries can't overcome low savings rates. • Internet financial advice is the wild west—anonymous content often lacks accountability or accuracy. Key Timestamps: (00:00) – Common Financial Planning Mistakes (08:08) – Availability Bias (11:42) – Arithmetic vs. Geometric Averages in Investing (21:48) – The Value of Financial Planners Beyond Index Funds (35:44) – Understanding RIA Regulations and Hourly Planning (41:22) – The Benefits of AUM Fee Model (46:45) – The Importance of Spending Plans (58:38) – Navigating Internet Financial Advice Key Topics Discussed: The Best Interest, Jesse Cramer, Wealth Management Rochester NY, Financial Planning for Families, Fiduciary Financial Advisor, Comprehensive Financial Planning, Retirement Planning Advice, Tax-Efficient Investing, Risk Management for Investors, Generational Wealth Transfer Planning, Financial Strategies for High Earners, Personal Finance for Entrepreneurs, Behavioral Finance Insights, Asset Allocation Strategies, Advanced Estate Planning Techniques Mentions: The Dalbar Study: https://www.evaluatorfunds.com/jp-morgan-the-case-for-always-staying-invested/ More of The Best Interest: Check out the Best Interest Blog at https://bestinterest.blog/ Contact me at jesse@bestinterest.blog Consider working with me at https://bestinterest.blog/work/ The Best Interest Podcast is a personal podcast meant for education and entertainment. It should not be taken as financial advice, and is not prescriptive of your financial situation.

Nostalgia Trap
120 MONTHS: Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic w/ David Humphries

Nostalgia Trap

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 27, 2025 80:00


NOTE: This is a cross-post of my new podcast, 120 MONTHS, all about '90s music. I think Nostalgia Trap listeners will dig it. Follow the links to keep up with all our episodes! --------- After listening and re-listening to the playlist for January 1990, I couldn't stop thinking about The Sundays. Their album Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic stood out, not just as the best album of that month, but for producing an uncanny sense of nostalgia for the lost world of the pre-Internet 1990s. This week's guest, David Humphries, a professor of English at Queensborough Community College in New York City, knows exactly what I'm talking about. Last year he co-edited an excellent project on ‘90s music, a collection of writing called Happy Nostalgia: Making Connections with the Music of the ‘90s. His own essay, “A Couple Centuries of Sundays,” reflects on the things that make The Sundays' music so special, and he joins me on the podcast for a conversation about analog culture, lazy days on empty college campuses, the wider world of ‘90s music and, of course, the singular appeal of Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic. Subscribe to the 120 MONTHS Substack: https://substack.com/@120months Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/120_months/  

Snoozecast
Numeration

Snoozecast

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 13, 2025 32:14


Tonight, we'll read from Elements of Arithmetic, written by Augustus De Morgan and first published in 1846. De Morgan was a pioneering British mathematician and logician, remembered not only for his clear explanations but also for his sharp wit. He introduced the world to what we now call De Morgan's Laws in logic, and was the first to formally define and use the term “mathematical induction.” Because he was a Unitarian and refused to subscribe to the Thirty-Nine Articles of the Anglican Church, he was denied a fellowship at Oxford and Cambridge. This principled stance however did not hinder his influence: he went on to become the first professor of mathematics at the newly founded University College London. His legacy is honored not only in mathematics but on the Moon itself, where a crater bears his name. Elements of Arithmetic was one of his most widely read works, offering both beginners and more advanced students a foundation in the science of numbers. Arithmetic — the study of numbers, their properties, and their relationships — forms the bedrock of mathematics, bridging the practical art of calculation with the deeper theories that underpin algebra and number theory. — read by 'N' — Sign up for Snoozecast+ to get expanded, ad-free access by going to snoozecast.com/plus! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Snoozecast
Numeration

Snoozecast

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 13, 2025 31:44


Tonight, we'll read from Elements of Arithmetic, written by Augustus De Morgan and first published in 1846. De Morgan was a pioneering British mathematician and logician, remembered not only for his clear explanations but also for his sharp wit. He introduced the world to what we now call De Morgan's Laws in logic, and was the first to formally define and use the term “mathematical induction.” Because he was a Unitarian and refused to subscribe to the Thirty-Nine Articles of the Anglican Church, he was denied a fellowship at Oxford and Cambridge. This principled stance however did not hinder his influence: he went on to become the first professor of mathematics at the newly founded University College London. His legacy is honored not only in mathematics but on the Moon itself, where a crater bears his name. Elements of Arithmetic was one of his most widely read works, offering both beginners and more advanced students a foundation in the science of numbers. Arithmetic — the study of numbers, their properties, and their relationships — forms the bedrock of mathematics, bridging the practical art of calculation with the deeper theories that underpin algebra and number theory. — read by 'N' — Sign up for Snoozecast+ to get expanded, ad-free access by going to snoozecast.com/plus! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Habits 2 Goals: The Habit Factor® Podcast with Martin Grunburg | Goal Achievement, Productivity & Success – Simplified

“Everything should be made as simple as possible—but not simpler.” — EinsteinLet's cut to it:The Unified Behavior Model (UBM) may be the first-ever behavioral framework that's elemental, falsifiable, and actually teachable to anyone—not just researchers or therapists.UBM reveals what's really driving your behavior (in the moment and shaping it over time)—not by various aspects, but via the operable “system”—the Behavior-Echo-System™.The Behavior Echo-System (BES)Environmentally speaking, the BES consists of multiple, dynamic feedback loops based upon just four elemental, interdependent components:Environment (your surroundings + your body)Behaviors, Habits, and Skills (what you do—or don't)Stories/Thinking (the meaning machine in your mind)Emotions & Feelings (your internal salience signals)Together, these explain the essential four elements involved in influencing and shaping behavior over time.If you believe there's a missing, irreducible fifth element—we have a challenge for you.

Math Ed Podcast
Episode 2505: Julie Nurnberger-Haag - integer arithmetic in the middle grades

Math Ed Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 3, 2025 44:51


Julie Nurnberger-Haag returns to the podcast to discuss the article, "Tools, tricks, and topics teachers use for integer arithmetic," published in the Electronic Journal for Research in Science and Mathematics Education (Vol. 29). Co-author: Scott Courtney Article URL: https://ejrsme.icrsme.com/article/view/23771  Julie's Google Scholar page List of episodes

First Baptist Amarillo
Midweek // Divine Arithmetic: Volume

First Baptist Amarillo

Play Episode Listen Later May 8, 2025 23:19


Ephesians 3:14-19: How can we grasp the love of God in all its dimensions? By being filled with the right kind of power and being given a firm footing from God, we can know him in his fullness.

The Rational Reminder Podcast
Episode 355 – Do Index Funds Incur Adverse Selection Costs?

The Rational Reminder Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 1, 2025 62:50


Marco Sammon joins Ben and Dan to unpack his latest paper, ‘Index Rebalancing and Stock Market Composition', beginning with how Marco's work (co-written by John Shim) compares to the Nobel Prize-winner Bill Sharpe's paper, ‘Arithmetic of Active Management.' We investigate the missing links in Sharpe's logic before defining “the market” and ascertaining the main objectives of index funds. Then, we dive deeper into the mechanics of Marco's paper, index and market tracking errors, why delayed rebalancing is more beneficial than instant rebalancing, and the role of technology in the modern tracking error obsession. We also assess the passive-active spectrum of index funds in portfolio management and learn how investors should choose their optimal excess return. To end, Marco shares practical applications for improving performance benchmarked against traditional indexes, and The Aftershow is all about bridging the gap between PWL Capital and you, our listeners. Key Points From This Episode:   (0:00:00) Key takeaways from Marco Sammon's latest paper and how it compares to Bill Sharpe's ‘Arithmetic of Active Management.' (0:08:10) Marco describes what's missing from the ‘Arithmetic of Active Management' logic. (0:09:11) Defining ‘the market', the main objective of an index fund, and how index funds track the market. (0:15:57) The mechanics of Marco's paper, ‘Index Rebalancing and Stock Market Composition.' (0:18:38) Factor exposure, index and market tracking errors, and how often index funds trade. (0:26:28) Rebalancing less frequently; why delayed does better than instant rebalancing. (0:31:59) The tech run-up and lazy rebalancing, and the modern tracking error obsession.  (0:36:51) Assessing the passive-active spectrum of index funds in portfolio management. (0:41:02) Exploring how investors should decide on their optimal excess return.  (0:45:14) How the rising index fund ownership of stocks impacts the implicit cost of indexing (0:46:58) Practical ways to improve performance benchmarked against traditional indexes. (0:52:30) The Aftershow: Canadian finances, more airtime for Cameron, and PWL – OneDigital.    Links From Today's Episode: Meet with PWL Capital — https://calendly.com/d/3vm-t2j-h3p Rational Reminder on iTunes — https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-rational-reminder-podcast/id1426530582. Rational Reminder Website — https://rationalreminder.ca/  Rational Reminder on Instagram — https://www.instagram.com/rationalreminder/ Rational Reminder on X — https://x.com/RationalRemindRational Reminder on TikTok — www.tiktok.com/@rationalreminder Rational Reminder on YouTube — https://www.youtube.com/channel/ Rational Reminder Email — info@rationalreminder.caBenjamin Felix — https://pwlcapital.com/our-team/ Benjamin on X — https://x.com/benjaminwfelix Benjamin on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjaminwfelix/ Dan Bortolotti on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/dan-bortolotti-8a482310/ Episode 322: Prof. Marco Sammon: How are Passive Investors Affecting the Stock Market? — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/322 Episode 200: Prof. Eugene Fama — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/200  Episode 268: Itzhak Ben-David: ETFs, Investor Behavior, and Hedge Fund Fees — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/268  Episode 112: Michael Kitces: Retirement Research and the Business of Financial Advice — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/112  Marco Sammon — https://marcosammon.com/  Marco Sammon on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/marco-sammon-b3b81456/  Marco Sammon on X — https://x.com/mcsammon19  Marco Sammon | Harvard Business School — https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/profile.aspx?facId=1326895  Marco Sammon Email — mcsammon@gmail.com  John Shim on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-shim-2931271b/  Vanguard — https://global.vanguard.com/  Sheridan Titman on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/sheridan-titman-226b0811/  Alex Chinko — https://alexchinco.com/  Erik Stafford | Harvard Business School — https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/profile.aspx?facId=6625  Itzhak (Zahi) Ben-David on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/ibendavi/  Bill Ackman on X — https://x.com/billackman   ‘Millennium Loses $900 Million on Strategy Roiled by Market Chaos' — https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-03-08/millennium-loses-900-million-on-strategy-roiled-by-market-chaos   Bogleheads — https://www.bogleheads.org/   The Money Scope Podcast Episode 8: Canadian Investment Accounts — https://moneyscope.ca/2024/03/01/episode-8-canadian-investment-accounts/  The Wealthy Barber Podcast — https://thewealthybarber.com/podcast/   Financial Advisor Success Podcast — https://www.kitces.com/blog/category/21-financial-advisor-success-podcast/  Financial Advisor Success Podcast Episode 433: When You 10X Your Advisory Firm To Over $20M Of Revenue…And Want To 10X Again, With Cameron Passmore — https://www.kitces.com/blog/cameron-passmore-pwl-capital-10x-revenue-growth-advisory-firm/   OneDigital — https://www.onedigital.com/  The Longview Podcast: Ben Felix   Papers From Today's Episode:    ‘The Arithmetic of Active Management' — https://www.jstor.org/stable/4479386    ‘Index Rebalancing and Stock Market Composition: Do Index Funds Incur Adverse Selection Costs?' — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5080459     ‘Luck versus Skill in the Cross-Section of Mutual Fund Returns' — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1356021    ‘The Passive-Ownership Share Is Double What You Think It Is' — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4188052    ‘Long-Term Returns on the Original S&P 500 Companies' — https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247884354_Long-Term_Returns_on_the_Original_SP_500_Companies     ‘The Price of Immediacy' — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1001762   ‘Competition for Attention in the ETF Space' — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3765063    ‘Passive in Name Only: Delegated Management and “Index” Investing' — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3244991      Jeremy Stein — “Unanchored” Strategy

First Baptist Amarillo
Midweek//Divine Arithmetic: Addition

First Baptist Amarillo

Play Episode Listen Later May 1, 2025 27:29


Ephesians 2:14-22: Just as he makes peace by tearing down dividing walls, Jesus removes all that separates us from God and one another. In a world that divides, Jesus makes these two groups into one.

Joyce Meyer Enjoying Everyday Life® TV Audio Podcast

God's gift of grace is unlimited! Discover the remarkable gift He's lavished on you through the parables of Jesus.

Joyce Meyer Enjoying Everyday Life® TV Audio Podcast

The Bible says that the first shall be last and the last shall be first. Learn the math behind God's amazing grace!

First Baptist Amarillo
Midweek // Divine Arithmetic: The Sum Total

First Baptist Amarillo

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 24, 2025 25:20


Ephesians 1:9: Here's the sum total of God's plan: all things under Christ. Are you a factor in the equation?

First Baptist Amarillo
Midweek // Divine Arithmetic: Multiply

First Baptist Amarillo

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 10, 2025 23:39


Luke 10:1-2; Matt. 20:1-16: Jesus sent out laborers, reminding them that the problem is not with the harvest. Willing workers are needed to go and to multiply the kingdom of God.

Rhody Radio: RI Library Radio Online
23 - Commemorating Genocide Awareness Month

Rhody Radio: RI Library Radio Online

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 8, 2025 56:21


April is Genocide Awareness Month, and we're commemorating with author Victoria Atamian Waterman, actor and audiobook narrator Dalita Getzoyan, and chair of the RI Holocaust & Genocide Education Commission Pauline Getzoyan. Host Lauren talks to our guests about Victoria's book Who She Left Behind, a generational story of survival, love, and motherhood in the aftermath of the Armenian Genocide. They also discuss the joys of live theater and the experience of seeing yourself represented on the big screen for the first time. In the Last Chapter they discuss: is there a book that you identified with or learned something from that really stuck with you? Overdueing It is a project funded by the Rhode Island Office of Library and Information Services and is produced by library staff around the Ocean State. We are proud to be a resident partner of the Rhode Island Center for the Book. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed are the speakers' own and do not represent those of the Overdueing It podcast, its sponsor organizations, or any participants' place of employment. The content of Overdueing It episodes are the property of the individual creators, with permission for Overdueing It to share the content on their podcast feed in perpetuity. Any of the content from the Overdueing It podcast can not be reproduced without express written permission. Our logo was designed by Sarah Bouvier and our theme music is by Neura-Flow. Books Who She Left Behind by Victoria Atamian Waterman Superplay by Ruby Rose Fox The Jackal's Mistress by Chris Bohjalian The Burning Heart of the World by Nancy Krikorian As Long the Lemon Tree Grows by Zoulfa Katouh The Stationery Shop by Marjan Kamali Finlay Donovan is Killing It by Elle Cosimano The Sandcastle Girls by Chris Bohjalian Little Women by Louisa May Alcott The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett The Clan of the Cave Bear by Jean Auel Browse books in the Amelia Bedelia series  Eat, Pray, Love by Elizabeth Gilbert  The Devil's Arithmetic by Jane Yolen  Media Between Borders (2024) Severance (2022- )   English (play) The Six Triple Eight (2024) My Big Fat Greek Wedding (2002) No Good Deed (2024- ) Other Victoria Atamian Waterman Rhode Island Holocaust and Genocide Education Commission Dalita Getzoyan

Down Time with Cranston Public Library
23 - Commemorating Genocide Awareness Month

Down Time with Cranston Public Library

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 8, 2025 56:21


April is Genocide Awareness Month, and we're commemorating with author Victoria Atamian Waterman, actor and audiobook narrator Dalita Getzoyan, and chair of the RI Holocaust & Genocide Education Commission Pauline Getzoyan. Host Lauren talks to our guests about Victoria's book Who She Left Behind, a generational story of survival, love, and motherhood in the aftermath of the Armenian Genocide. They also discuss the joys of live theater and the experience of seeing yourself represented on the big screen for the first time. In the Last Chapter they discuss: is there a book that you identified with or learned something from that really stuck with you? Overdueing It is a project funded by the Rhode Island Office of Library and Information Services and is produced by library staff around the Ocean State. We are proud to be a resident partner of the Rhode Island Center for the Book. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed are the speakers' own and do not represent those of the Overdueing It podcast, its sponsor organizations, or any participants' place of employment. The content of Overdueing It episodes are the property of the individual creators, with permission for Overdueing It to share the content on their podcast feed in perpetuity. Any of the content from the Overdueing It podcast can not be reproduced without express written permission. Our logo was designed by Sarah Bouvier and our theme music is by Neura-Flow. Books Who She Left Behind by Victoria Atamian Waterman Superplay by Ruby Rose Fox The Jackal's Mistress by Chris Bohjalian The Burning Heart of the World by Nancy Krikorian As Long the Lemon Tree Grows by Zoulfa Katouh The Stationery Shop by Marjan Kamali Finlay Donovan is Killing It by Elle Cosimano The Sandcastle Girls by Chris Bohjalian Little Women by Louisa May Alcott The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett The Clan of the Cave Bear by Jean Auel Browse books in the Amelia Bedelia series  Eat, Pray, Love by Elizabeth Gilbert  The Devil's Arithmetic by Jane Yolen  Media Between Borders (2024) Severance (2022- )   English (play) The Six Triple Eight (2024) My Big Fat Greek Wedding (2002) No Good Deed (2024- ) Other Victoria Atamian Waterman Rhode Island Holocaust and Genocide Education Commission Dalita Getzoyan

First Baptist Amarillo
Midweek // Divine Arithmetic: Return Rate

First Baptist Amarillo

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 4, 2025 25:05


Luke 17:11-19: On his way to Jerusalem, Jesus heals a group of ten and finds one who responds differently. Where are the nine? Where is the one?

The Rational Reminder Podcast
Episode 347 - The Case for Index Funds

The Rational Reminder Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 6, 2025 76:22


Are index funds the best investment strategy for most investors? In this episode of Rational Reminder, Benjamin Felix, Dan Bortolotti, and Mark McGrath explore why low-cost index funds should be the primary investment strategy for most people. They explain how index funds evolved from a niche concept to a widely accepted strategy and outline their six key benefits. Learn about the fees associated with index funds, why index funds outperform most actively managed funds, and how to avoid the risks of picking individual stocks. They also explore academic research on long-term mutual fund performance, the persistence (or lack thereof) in active management, and the dangers of alternative indexing schemes. Discover how behaviour impacts investment decisions and why a globally diversified portfolio is crucial. Finally, in the aftershow, Ben shares an update regarding his health and listener feedback from the Rational Reminder community. Join the conversation and uncover why index funds are the best investment strategy and how to leverage them effectively to maximize your portfolio for long-term gains. Tune in now!   Key Points From This Episode:   (0:01:58) Outline of today's topic and why index funds should be everyone's main investment strategy. (0:05:10) Index fund fundamentals, market cap weighting, and why not all ETFs are index funds.  (0:10:03) Learn about the transition of index funds into mainstream finance and their low-fee advantages. (0:13:30) Linking fees to index performance and why lower fees gives them an advantage over managed funds. (0:19:50) The general awareness about index funds and what impact the lack of diversification has on actively managed funds. (0:26:35) Explore critical research comparing the returns on investment between index funds and actively managed funds. (0:33:32) Unpack why the size of the active management industry matters and common misconceptions surrounding the long-term returns of mutual funds. (0:42:26) Discover why some fund managers do well and how sector-specific performance influences stock returns. (0:48:28) Unpack why average returns are better than beating the market and what makes index funds tax efficient.  (0:51:08) Find out what makes index funds easy to use and how this results in higher returns in the long term.  (0:55:25) How index funds are consistent with foundational finance theory and why thematic ETFs and sector-specific index funds should be avoided. (1:05:40) The aftershow: Ben shares a personal health update, Rational Reminder news, and a request for listener AMA questions.   Links From Today's Episode: Meet with PWL Capital: https://calendly.com/d/3vm-t2j-h3p Rational Reminder on iTunes — https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-rational-reminder-podcast/id1426530582. Rational Reminder Website — https://rationalreminder.ca/  Rational Reminder on Instagram — https://www.instagram.com/rationalreminder/ Rational Reminder on X — https://x.com/RationalRemindRational Reminder on TikTok — www.tiktok.com/@rationalreminder Rational Reminder on YouTube — https://www.youtube.com/channel/ Rational Reminder Email — info@rationalreminder.caBenjamin Felix — https://pwlcapital.com/our-team/ Benjamin on X — https://x.com/benjaminwfelix Benjamin on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjaminwfelix/ Mark McGrath on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/markmcgrathcfp/ Mark McGrath on X — https://x.com/MarkMcGrathCFP Dan Bortolotti — https://pwlcapital.com/our-team/ Dan Bortolotti on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/dan-bortolotti-8a482310/ Canadian Couch Potato Blog — https://canadiancouchpotato.com/ Canadian Couch Potato Podcast — https://canadiancouchpotato.com/podcast/ Episode 54: Dr. David Blitzer — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/54 Episode 124: Prof. Lubos Pastor — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/124 Episode 133: Adriana Robertson — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/133 Episode 220: Jonathan Berk and Jules van Binsbergen — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/220 Episode 244: Charles D. Ellis — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/244 Episode 268: Itzhak Ben-David — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/268 Episode 302: Michael Green — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/302 Episode 346: Hendrik Bessembinder — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/346 Coffeezilla — https://www.youtube.com/@Coffeezilla Coffeezilla: Investing for Idiots — https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoGm61I52YQ YCharts — https://ycharts.com/   Papers From Today's Episode:    'The Arithmetic of Active Management' — https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2469/faj.v47.n1.7 'Sharpening Sharpe's Arithmetic' — https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2469/faj.v74.n1.4 'Mutual Fund Flows and Performance in Rational Markets' — https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/424739 'Why Indexing Works' — https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/asmb.2271 'Long-Term Shareholder Returns: Evidence from 64,000 Global Stocks' — https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0015198X.2023.2188870 'The Performance of Mutual Funds in the Period 1945-1964' — https://www.jstor.org/stable/2325404 'On Persistence in Mutual Fund Performance' — https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb03808.x 'Capital Asset Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium Under Conditions of Risk' — https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1964.tb02865.x 'Passive in name only: Delegated management and index investing' — https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/yjor36&div=20&id=&page=

Global Data Pod
Global Data Pod Research Rap: Some Unpleasant Tariff Arithmetic

Global Data Pod

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 3, 2025 18:42


Michael Hanson and Murat Tasci, of the US Economics team, discuss their latest Research Note on the challenges for meeting the many disparate objectives of the Trump tariffs, and what that might mean for tariff revenues.   Speakers: Michael Hanson, Senior US and Canadian Economist Murat Tasci, Senior US Economist   This podcast was recorded on March 3, 2025. This communication is provided for information purposes only. Institutional clients can view the related report at https://www.jpmm.com/research/content/GPS-4921610-0 for more information; please visit www.jpmm.com/research/disclosures for important disclosures. © 2025 JPMorgan Chase & Co. All rights reserved. This material or any portion hereof may not be reprinted, sold or redistributed without the written consent of J.P. Morgan. It is strictly prohibited to use or share without prior written consent from J.P. Morgan any research material received from J.P. Morgan or an authorized third-party (“J.P. Morgan Data”) in any third-party artificial intelligence (“AI”) systems or models when such J.P. Morgan Data is accessible by a third-party. It is permissible to use J.P. Morgan Data for internal business purposes only in an AI system or model that protects the confidentiality of J.P. Morgan Data so as to prevent any and all access to or use of such J.P. Morgan Data by any third-party.

Nature Podcast
Kids' real-world arithmetic skills don't transfer to the classroom

Nature Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 5, 2025 34:47


In this episode:00:45 How arithmetic skills don't transfer between applied and academic environmentsMathematics skills learnt in real-world situations may not translate to the classroom and vice versa, according to a new study. A team surveyed children in India who work in markets, to see whether the skills they learnt there transferred to the classroom. While proficient at solving market-based arithmetic problems, they struggled to solve problems typically used in schools. The reverse was seen for children enrolled in schools with no market-selling experience. The authors hope this finding could help adjust teaching curricula and bridge the gap between intuitive and formal maths.Research Article: Banerjee et al.12:38 Research HighlightsWolverine populations rebound in Sweden and Norway, and why wobbly arrows launch faster than rigid ones.Research Highlight: Who's the new furry neighbour? It might be a wolverineResearch Highlight: How a wobbly arrow can achieve superpropulsion14:59 The unexpected movements seen in super-dense crowdsA study has revealed that when packed crowds reach a certain density, large groups of people suddenly start to move in circular patterns — a finding that could be used to identify dangerous overcrowding. By assessing footage of the densely-packed San Fermín festival, a team observed this spontaneous phenomenon, and modelled the physics underlying it. Studying the movements of giant crowds has been difficult, and the team hope this work could help event organisers to identify and respond to situations where people could get hurt.Research Article: Gu et al.News and Views: Crowds start to spin when their densities hit a thresholdSound effects:Crowd Cheering - Ambience by GregorQuendel via CC BY 4.0Cupinzano sounds by Europa Press - Footage News via Getty Images24:00 Briefing ChatAn update on the US National Science Foundation's scrutinizing of grants to comply with President Trump's directives, and why scratching an itch may have unexpected antibacterial properties.Nature: Exclusive: how NSF is scouring research grants for violations of Trump's ordersNature: Why it feels good to scratch that itch: the immune benefits of scratchingSubscribe to Nature Briefing, an unmissable daily round-up of science news, opinion and analysis free in your inbox every weekday. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Bananas
Reading, Rolling, No Arithmetic

Bananas

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 17, 2024 63:30


Kurt and Scotty talk about a robber caught after sitting down to finish a book, start up alarmed when AI starts RickRolling clients, teacher fired after phone reveals how much Candy Crush was played during class! Support this podcast by shopping our latest sponsor deals and promotions at this link: https://bit.ly/4a61tMk Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Daily
Hamas's Bloody Arithmetic

The Daily

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 14, 2023 34:30


To much of the outside world, Hamas's decision to murder hundreds of Israelis and trigger a war that has since killed many thousands of its own people looks like a historic miscalculation — one that could soon result in the destruction of Hamas itself.Hamas's leaders, however, say that it was the result of a deliberate calculation.Ben Hubbard, the Istanbul bureau chief for The New York Times, has been reporting on their decision, and what went into it.Guest: Ben Hubbard, the Istanbul bureau chief for The New York Times.Background reading: Behind Hamas's bloody gambit to create a “permanent” state of war.It took American and Qatari diplomacy, and self-interested decisions by Hamas, to bring two hostages safely back to Israel.Here's the latest on the war.For more information on today's episode, visit nytimes.com/thedaily. Transcripts of each episode will be made available by the next workday.