How Do You Use ChatGPT?

Joe Hudson is a coach who works with the executives building AGI at OpenAI. From inside OpenAI, he witnesses the full spectrum of human emotion that comes with bringing something new into the world—the exhilaration, the terror, the weight of it all. He feels these emotions, too: He believes AI will eventually replace what he does as a coach.But instead of fixating on that fear, Hudson is asking a deeper question: Who is he becoming in the meantime? He believes that moments like this—when we can feel the ground quiver—can be powerful catalysts for transformation, but only if we're willing to face the uncertainty they bring.In this episode of AI & I, Dan Shipper sits down with Hudson to talk about how he's answering that question. They get into what happens when the thing you've built your life around might disappear, how to find who you are beneath your professional identity, and why Hudson believes intention is the key to growing with AI.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Sponsor: Experience high quality AI video generation with Google's most capable video model: Veo 3. Try it in the Gemini app at gemini.google with a Google AI Pro plan or get the highest access with the Ultra plan.Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:49What it feels like inside the room where AGI is being built: 00:03:14The most important question to ask yourself as AGI approaches: 00:08:15The importance of sitting with uncertainty: 00:17:49How Joe is preparing his daughters for a post-AGI world: 00:21:11How we think, feel, and react; the three layers of human awareness: 00:27:25Staying grounded while coaching the people shaping our future: 00:35:34Why Joe doesn't take things personally—even when the stakes are high: 00:42:44Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Joe Hudson: @FU_joehudson; Learn more about the coaching and workshops that Joe runs: Art of Accomplishment

If you're using AI to just write code, you're missing out.Two engineers at Every shipped six features, five bug fixes, and three infrastructure updates in one week—and they did it by designing workflows with AI agents, where each task makes the next one easier, faster, and more reliable.In this episode of AI & I, Dan Shipper interviewed the pair—Kieran Klaassen, general manager of Cora, our inbox management tool, and Cora engineer Nityesh Agarwal—about how they're compounding their engineering with AI. They walk Dan through their workflow in Anthropic's agentic coding tool, Claude Code, and the mental models they've developed for making AI agents truly useful. Kieran, our resident AI-agent aficionado, also ranked all the AI coding assistants he's used.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipperSponsors:Microsoft TeamsWant seamless collaboration without the cost? Microsoft Teams offers a robust free plan for individuals that delivers unlimited chat, 60-minute video meetings, and file sharing—all within one intuitive workspace that keeps your projects moving forward. Head to ⁠https://aka.ms/every⁠ to use Teams for free, and experience effortless collaboration, today.Attio: Go to⁠⁠⁠⁠ https://www.⁠⁠⁠⁠attio.com/every⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ and get 15% off your first year on your AI-powered CRM.Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:16Why Kieran believes agents are turning a corner: 00:03:18Why Claude Code stands out from other agents: 00:06:36What makes agentic coding different from using tools like Cursor: 00:11:58The Cora team's workflow to turn tasks into momentum: 00:15:20How to build a prompt that turns ideas into plans: 00:23:07The new mental models for this age of software engineering: 00:34:00Why traditional tests and evals still matter: 00:39:13Kieran ranks all the AI coding agents he's used: 00:42:00Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Try Cora, our AI email assistant: https://cora.computer/  Kieran Klaassen: @kieranklaassenNityesh Agarwal: @nityeshagaThe book that helps Nityesh form mental models to work with AI agents: High Output ManagementA guide to Anthropic's prompt improver: https://www.anthropic.com/news/prompt-improver

OCD treatment changed my life—but it took me a decade of chasing down wrong answers to be diagnosed. In the rush to create scalable treatments, disorders like depression and OCD are squeezed into diagnostic checklists—from which the complexity of the human mind invariably leaks out. The field of psychiatry is broken, and I spoke to someone on the inside about how AI can help fix it .Awais Aftab has been questioning psychiatry's rigid categories from inside the field. He's a clinical assistant professor at Case Western Reserve University, editor of Conversations in Critical Psychiatry—an Oxford University Press volume that tackles philosophical and critical perspectives in psychiatry—and author of the Substack newsletter Psychiatry at the Margins. We get into how AI is transforming psychiatry by embracing the complexity of human minds instead of flattening it.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Sponsor: Microsoft TeamsWant seamless collaboration without the cost? Microsoft Teams offers a robust free plan for individuals that delivers unlimited chat, 60-minute video meetings, and file sharing—all within one intuitive workspace that keeps your projects moving forward. Head to ⁠https://aka.ms/every⁠ to use Teams for free, and experience effortless collaboration, today.Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:20The case Awais makes for pluralistic thinking in psychiatry: 00:03:38A pragmatic approach to mental healthcare: 00:15:30Awais's take on why my OCD diagnosis took 10 years: 00:19:04Why psychiatry is stuck where machine learning was decades ago: 00:24:19Why psychiatry's focus should shift from explanations to predictions: 00:31:05How Awais thinks AI is already changing the psychiatric profession: 00:39:19Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Awais Aftab: @awaisaftab, awais aftab Awais's Substack: Psychiatry at the MarginsThe book Awais edited: Conversations in Critical Psychiatry

GitHub Copilot has 15 million users—more than Cursor and Windsurf combined. So why does it feel like they're losing the AI coding race?Last week at Microsoft Build, I interviewed the CEO of GitHub Thomas Dohmke to find out.I wanted to know: Is their huge existing user base a blessing or a curse? And will their latest launch—an autonomous coding agent built into GitHub—let them retake the lead? Watch this episode of AI & I to find outIf you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction (00:00:38)Copilot's place in the AI coding agent race (00:07:40)Inside the product decisions behind Copilot's new agent (00:10:42)How Dohmke thinks about shaping Copilot's personality (00:16:18)How GitHub supports both AI-native developers and legacy enterprise users (00:20:29)Dohmke's predictions for the future of software development (00:26:57)

I interviewed Microsoft CTO Kevin Scott about the future of agents and software engineering for another special edition of AI & I. With 41 years of programming behind him, Kevin has lived through nearly every big shift in modern software development. Here's his clear-eyed take on what's changing with AI, and how we can navigate what's next:The real breakthrough for the agentic web is better plumbing. Kevin thinks agents won't be useful until they can take action on your behalf by using tools and fetching data. To do this, agents need access across your systems—and Microsoft's answer is adopting Model Context Protocol, or “MCP,” that allows an agent to access tools and fresh data beyond its knowledge base, as their standard protocol for agents to move through contexts and get things done.How the agentic web echoes the early internet. Just as protocols like HTTP and HTML gave the web a shared language, Kevin believes the  agentic web needs its own infrastructure—the first glimpses of this include MCP (the HTTP of agents) and NLWeb, Microsoft's push to make websites legible to agents (similar to what HTML did for browsers).Open ecosystems can coexist with strong security systems. Kevin argues that the “tradeoff” between ecosystems that allow “permissionless” innovation and robust security is a false dichotomy. With AI agents that understand your personal risk preferences—and know your communication habits across email, text, and other channels—they could detect when something suspicious is happening and act on your behalf. The craftsman's dilemma in the age of agents. Kevin is a lifelong maker—of software, ceramics, even handmade bags—and he cares deeply about how things are made. Because this can feel at odds with coding with AI agents, Kevin's approach is to notice where the process matters most to him, and where it's okay to optimize for outcomes. After four decades of seeing breakthrough technologies, his advice is simple: be curious, try stuff, and use it if it works for you.The future of software engineering agents is plural. Kevin believes the future of software engineering agents will be diverse because developers who enjoy the freedom of playing with different tools is one of the most consistent patterns he's seen in his decades in tech. What will drive this diversity, he says, is builders who deeply understand specific problems and tailor agents to solve them exceptionally well.How agentic workflows will evolve. Kevin sees a shift from short back-and-forth interactions with agents to longer, async feedback loops. As the agentic web matures and model reasoning improves, people will start handing off bigger, more ambitious tasks and letting agents run with them.Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:44The race to close the “capability overhang”: 00:02:49How agents will evolve into practical, useful tools: 00:04:31The role Kevin sees Microsoft playing in the agent ecosystem: 00:06:48How robust security measures can coexist with open ecosystems: 00:12:05Kevin's philosophy on being a craftsman in the age of agents: 00:15:39How the landscape of software development agents will evolve: 00:20:52The future of agentic workflows: 00:25:33

OpenAI just launched Codex, a brand-new coding agent that can build features and fix bugs autonomously. We've been testing it at Every for a few days, and I'm impressed.I invited Alexander Embiricos, a member of the OpenAI product staff responsible for Codex, to demo the agent live on a special edition of AI & I. We talk through:What Codex is and how it works. Codex's UI allows developers to see the list of tasks the agent is working on, how many lines were changed for each, and the status of the PR. It's built for the senior software engineer who wants to delegate and review tasks efficiently.How OpenAI is thinking about agents. Codex is one piece of a unified super-assistant OpenAI wants to eventually build—an agent that helps users easily get things done by selecting the right tools for them behind the scenes. Why an “abundance mindset” is best for interacting with agents. Codex is designed to allow users to delegate many tasks at once without getting caught up in the details. This lets you point an abundance of agents at a specific task, like a difficult bug—it's worth it even if only one of them succeeds.OpenAI's vision for the future of programming. In the future developers will probably spend less time writing routine code and more time guiding agents, reviewing their work, and making strategy decisions. Programming will become more social, letting teams easily delegate multiple tasks at once, allowing people to focus on ideas and collaboration instead of routine coding.Timestamps:Introduction: 00:00:52The product decisions behind Codex's interface: 00:01:40How Codex works under the hood: 00:06:20Why you need an abundance mindset to work well with agents: 00:14:06Setting Codex to work on a real task in “Ask” mode: 00:16:28How OpenAI is thinking about designing agents: 00:18:54The future of programming is social: 00:31:16Reviewing Codex's work live: 00:37:21How the landscape of agents will evolve: 00:39:41

Will England just pivoted his $10B AUM hedge fund to go all in on AI with a firm-wide email:“I wrote this email using ChatGPT—you should too. As a hedge fund, we should be ashamed to leave money on the table by ignoring AI.”It's working: 75% of his 400-person team are using ChatGPT daily—and Walleye is well on its way to transforming into an AI-first juggernaut. They record every meeting, use LLMs to ingest and analyze earnings reports, and are building “The Borg”—a firmwide intelligence layer.What's surprising? Will isn't some AI hype man: He's the CEO, CIO, and managing partner of Walleye Capital, a multi-strategy hedge fund competing with firms like Citadel, Millenium, and Point72. He's Princeton and Oxford educated, but he's based in Minnesota, doesn't have an X account, and rarely gives interviews.In my experience, teams go as their CEO goes—and Will is the best example of a CEO going all in on AI that I've seen. "It would be irresponsible not to go after AI with maximum discipline and intensity," Will told me—and in this episode he lays out his exact playbook for doing it.We get into:Why AI is essential operating leverage. At Walleye, using AI is treated like using email or Excel. Ignoring it means getting left behind—in an industry where information = money, every edge counts. England makes this not optional for anyone, backed by internal leaderboards and cash incentives.How Will uses AI for journaling and decision-making. Will journals every day using ChatGPT, which helps him with everything from decision-making at work to reflecting on his family life to tracking his workouts. How Will pivoted his billion dollar firm. Will's commitment to AI isn't theoretical—he announced AI as the new standard for work at Walleye, and made avoiding it unacceptable. How to lead during times of technological change. Will leads with an ethic of personal responsibility: "If we get disrupted by AI, that's on me.”Why students of history do better at handling the future. Will sees today like the 1860s–1910s era—when the Industrial Revolution introduced factories and railroads and the skills and roles needed inside of companies transformed quickly.How Will uses AI to write faster. Will uses ChatGPT to help him draft emails or memos that would have taken hours in 15 minutes. He bullets out of his thoughts and then uses LLMs to turn that into polished prose. Having AI handle the linguistic syntax gives him more time for conceptual thinking.This is a must-watch for anyone who wants to lead a team through change with clarity and conviction.  Sponsor:Attio: Go to⁠⁠⁠ https://www.⁠⁠⁠⁠attio.com/every⁠⁠⁠⁠ and get 15% off your first year on your AI-powered CRM.Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:00:51What pushed Will to go all in on AI: 00:03:25Inside the ‘AI-first' memo Will shared at Walleye: 00:14:08Why you shouldn't be afraid of using AI for work: 00:15:56How Will uses LLMs to sharpen his thinking: 00:31:01Walleye's approach to using AI to reduce risk: 00:35:32What history can teach us about leading through change: 00:39:10Will's first principles to making better decisions: 00:56:45Why Will journals everyday—and how AI makes it easier: 00:58:58 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Will England: https://walleyecapital.com/bio/will-england Walleye Capital: https://walleyecapital.com/ Work with Every's consulting team: https://every.to/consulting  Everything we've learned from consulting with clients like Walleye: "How We Built a 7-figure AI Consulting Business in Less Than a Year"

After two Jhana meditation retreats Nadia Asparouhova could silence her mind, change her emotional state at will, and even intentionally slip out of consciousness. It challenged the idea that our minds are not under our control—and made her wonder if we're more like AI than we realize. Nadia is a writer and researcher of technology and culture. She published Working in Public, a book about the evolution of open-source development, with Stripe Press in 2020. Her latest book, Antimemetics, is about why some ideas don't go viral even though they're powerful. I had her on the show to talk about her experience with Jhana meditation and how it reshaped the way she thinks about being human in the age of AI. We get into:Jhana as a means to nurture profound joy and calm. Unlike many meditation practices that emphasize passive observation, Jhana is goal-oriented—practitioners proactively cultivate states of concentrated bliss. Apart from helping her regulate her emotions, it prompted Nadia to reexamine deep questions of our human existence. Self-talk is not essential as it seems. Nadia describes how advanced meditation quieted her inner voice—challenging the idea that self-talk is core to being human.How years of cultural evolution have shaped our sense of self. According to Nadia, our modern conception of “self”  isn't as timeless as we assume. She draws on psychologist Julian Jaynes's theory that our inner dialogue—what we often equate with consciousness—only emerged in humans a few thousand years ago; a provocation to reconsider the benchmarks we use to assess the intelligence or sentience of LLMs.What it is like to experience a “cessation.” On her last meditation retreat, Nadia experiences a cessation where your consciousness abruptly winks out—like suddenly flipping a switch. Nadia described it as slipping into nothingness, then returning with the jarring realization that even your sense of self can vanish and reappear.Why she likes the unknowability of AI. The mechanics of exactly how LLMs predict their next token remain a mystery. Driven by thousands of subtle, context-dependent correlations, they're too complex to distill into a simple explanation. Nadia finds joy in the unknowability of it all, seeing the ambiguity as an invitation to explore. How she uses AI as a writing partner. Nadia believes the trope of the solitary, brooding writer is beginning to shift with the rise of LLMs. For her, ChatGPT has made writing feel less isolating. She turns to it at both ends of the process: to help make sense of early ideas, and later, to sharpen phrasing and land on just the right words.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:15The beginning of Nadia's journey with Jhana: 00:02:34How Jhana is different from other meditation practices: 00:05:51 Jhana reframed the way Nadia thinks about being human: 00:09:52How Nadia integrates her experience with Jhana into her life: 00:14:16Nadia describes her experience of the final stage of Jhana: 00:16:44Why our modern sense of self isn't as timeless as you might assume: 00:19:11How new technologies can be a mirror to ourselves: 00:23:53Nadia embraces the feeling of not knowing how AI precisely works: 00:33:55How Nadia uses ChatGPT to make writing less isolating: 00:38:03Links mentioned:Nadia Asparouhova: https://nadia.xyz/ Her deep dive on Jhana meditation: https://nadia.xyz/jhanas Nadia's book: Working in Public, AntimemeticsBooks about how new technology can change our sense of self: The WEIRDest People in the World, Listening to Prozac

Sarah Tavel thinks it's criminal that ChatGPT isn't inherently social.There's no easy way to discover great prompts or share the ones that worked. As a venture partner at Benchmark, Sarah believes that the next wave of consumer AI will be built on this missing social layer—by product-driven founders who understand people, not just models. Sarah has seen this shift before. As one of Pinterest's first product managers, she saw the company grow from a niche consumer tool to a beloved global community. On this episode of Every's podcast AI & I, we talk about how she's applying the lessons she learned to AI—and what it takes to build a breakout consumer AI app today. We get into:Why product geniuses win as new tech matures. In the early days of a new technology, companies win by wrangling raw innovation into something usable. But as the infrastructure matures, Sarah says the edge shifts to product thinkers—founders who turn new capabilities into delightful user experiences.The future of prompting is social. When Sarah had to dig through Reddit to find a prompt to help her interpret her blood test results, she saw a gap: The best prompt creators are invisible. Sarah bets that a social AI product that makes them discoverable and followable would gain traction.Sarah's method to spot exceptional founders. Sarah backs founders for whom building a company feels like a calling—or even an affliction. These are people who have fallen in love with the process and are obsessed with learning how to grow alongside their companies.How to tell if your startup really has network effects. Founders raising money love to say that their business has “network effects.” Sarah has learned to look for early signs they're real—like traction in a small, white-hot segment of the market. If there's no evidence the flywheel is already starting to spin, it's probably not a network effect.How LLMs change the way the best VCs invest. Sarah thinks the future of venture will be shaped by how well VCs can turn the decisions they make into training data. After every pitch, she logs what she liked, what she didn't, the deal terms, and her reasoning. Over time, she's building a dataset of her own judgment—one an LLM could help her use to pressure-test decisions and avoid past mistakes.This is a must-listen for if you're building a consumer AI product and want to see ahead of the curve.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Sponsor:Attio: Go to⁠⁠ https://www.⁠⁠⁠⁠attio.com/every⁠⁠⁠ and get 15% off your first year on your AI-powered CRM.Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:10Why the future of consumer AI belongs to founders with product intuition: 00:02:26What Sarah sees as ChatGPT's biggest weakness: 00:11:09How Sarah would design a consumer AI app with social DNA: 00:18:45The kind of founders Sarah invests in: 00:25:04How to know if your startup's network-effects are real: 00:29:26What's catching Sarah's eye beyond AI: 00:36:33How AI will change the way top venture capitalists invest: 00:41:35Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Sarah Tavel: @sarahtavelSarah's substack: https://www.sarahtavel.com/ Eugene Wei's essay about Status-as-a-Service: https://www.eugenewei.com/blog/2019/2/19/status-as-a-service The book Sarah talks about in the context of founders who become CEOs in pursuit of status: The Five Temptations of a CEO

Kevin Kelly has spent more time thinking about the future than almost anyone else.From VR in the 1980s to the blockchain in the 2000s—and now generative AI—Kevin has spent a lifetime journeying to the frontiers of technology, only to return with rich stories about what's next.Today, as Wired's senior maverick, his project for 2025 is to outline what the next century looks like in a world shaped by new technologies like AI and genetic engineering. He's a personal hero of mine—not to mention a fellow Annie Dillard fan—and it was a privilege to have him on the show. We get into:How you can predict the future. According to Kevin, the draw of new frontiers—from the first edition of Burning Man and remote corners of Asia, to the early days of the internet and AI—isn't staying at the edge forever; it's returning with a story to tell.Why history is so important to help you understand the future To stay grounded while exploring what's new, Kevin balances the thrill of the future with the wisdom of the past. He pairs AI research with reading about history, and playing with an AI tool by retreating to his workshop to make something with his hands.From 1,000 true fans to an audience of one. Rather than creating for an audience, Kevin has been using LLMs to explore his own imagination. After realizing that da Vinci, Martin Luther, and Columbus were alive at the same time, he asked ChatGPT to imagine them snowed in at a hotel together, and the prompt spiraled into an epic saga, co-written with AI. But he has no plans to publish it because the joy was in creating something just for himself.What the history of electricity can teach us about AI. Kevin draws a parallel between AI and the early days of electricity. We could produce electric sparks long before we understood the forces that created them, and now we're building intelligent machines without really understanding what intelligence is.Why Kevin sees intelligence as a mosaic—not a monolith. Kevin believes intelligence isn't a single force, but a compound of many cognitive elements. He draws from Marvin Minsky's “society of mind”—the theory that the mind is made up of smaller agents working together—and sees echoes of this in the Mixture of Experts architecture used in some models today.Your competitive advantage is being yourself. Don't aim to be the best—aim to be the only. Kevin realized the stories no one else at Wired wanted to write were often the ones he was suited for, and trusting that instinct led to some of his best work.This is a must-watch for anyone who wants to make sense of AI through the lens of history, learn how to spot the future before it arrives, or grew up reading Wired.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! To hear more from Dan:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper SponsorsVanta: Get $1,000 off of Vanta at ⁠⁠⁠https://www.vanta.com/every⁠⁠⁠ and automate up to 90% of the work for SOC 2, ISO 27001, and more.Attio: Go to⁠ https://www.⁠⁠⁠⁠attio.com/every⁠⁠ and get 15% off your first year on your AI-powered CRM.Timestamps:Introduction: 00:00:50Why Kevin and I love Annie Dillard: 00:01:10Learn how to predict the future like Kevin: 00:12:50What the history of electricity can teach us about AI: 00:16:08How Kevin thinks about the nature of intelligence: 00:20:11Kevin's advice on discovering your competitive advantage: 00:27:21The story of how Kevin assembled a bench of star writers for Wired: 00:31:07How Kevin used ChatGPT to co-create a book: 00:36:17Using AI as a mirror for your mind: 00:40:45What Kevin learned from betting on VR in the 1980s: 00:45:16Links to resources mentioned:Kevin Kelly: @kevin2kellyKelly's books: https://kk.org/books Annie Dillard books that Kelly and Dan discuss: Pilgrim at Tinker Creek, Teaching a Stone to Talk, Holy the Firm, The Writing LifeDillard's account of the total eclipse: "Total Eclipse"

500K people are confiding in an AI alien—and it's on track to generate $4M this year.It's called a Tolan: an animated AI character that can talk to you like your best friend. The company behind it, Portola, has 4x'd their ARR in the last month from viral growth on TikTok and Instagram. Tolan isn't just a hyper-growth startup—they're also exploring AI as a completely new creative tool, and storytelling medium. Their goal is to help their users go from overwhelmed to grounded, and it's working. Today, on AI & I, I sit down with two of the minds behind Tolans:My good friend Quinten Farmer, Portola's cofounder and CEO, and Eliot Peper, their head of story and a best-selling science fiction novelist. We get into:How to build AI personalities users love. During user onboarding, the team gathers information—through a light-touch personality quiz—and then uses frameworks like the Big Five and Myers-Briggs to shape a Tolan that mirrors the user; like an older sibling might. The aim is to create someone who feels familiar enough to be safe, but different enough to be interesting.Why AI characters are “improv actors”. Rather than scripting detailed prompts, the team trains Tolans to improvise—inspired by Keith Johnstone's book Impro, where he talks about building strong narratives through free association and recombination.How “memory” is critical to developing compelling characters. Tolans develop their personalities through “situations”: small narrative setups (a memory, a joke, an embarrassing moment) the Tolan reacts to, remembers, and gradually weaves into its character; accumulating into something that feels like a real lived experience.Why response time is everything for voice AI interactions. A Tolan has at most two seconds to curate the right context about a user and deliver a reply that feels genuine—the team has found that even half a second slower can break the user's immersive interaction with the AI.The future of AI as a totally new creative medium. New technologies bring about new formats and new mediums. AI creates the opportunity for creatives to tell completely new kinds of stories—if they're brave enough to try it.“White mirror” technologies that make you feel more like yourself. Amid concerns that tech drives polarization and isolation, Tolan offers a counterexample: a tool designed to make the best of what humanity knows about being a flourishing individual available on demand. The company's north star is helping users go from feeling overwhelmed to feeling grounded.This is a must-watch for anyone exploring AI as a creative medium—or curious about the future of human-AI relationships.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:30Talking to the Portola CEO's Tolan, Clarence: 00:04:07How Portola went from building software for kids to AI companions: 00:09:11Why response time is everything for voice-based AI interfaces: 00:23:40Tolans don't use scripted prompts—they're taught to improvise: 00:29:54How to know which AI personalities your users will click with: 00:37:23Developing the character traits of an AI companion: 00:42:27What does it mean to build technology that makes us flourish: 00:49:48How Portola evaluates whether Tolans are resonating with users: 01:01:10Inside Portola's viral growth strategy: 01:11:01Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Quinten Farmer: @quintendfEliot Peper: @eliotpeperMake your own Tolan: https://www.tolans.com/ Keith Johnston's book about improvisation: ImproStephen King's book about writing: On Writing

This episode is sponsored by Vanta. Achieving SOC 2 compliance can help you win bigger deals, enter new markets, and deepen trust with your customers—but it can cost you real time and money. Vanta automates up to 90% of the work for SOC 2, ISO 27001, and more, getting you audit-ready in weeks instead of months and saving you up to 90% of associated costs—and Every listeners can get $1,000 off of Vanta at ⁠https://www.vanta.com/every⁠.Lucas Crespo is the mastermind behind Every's visual vibe—and he does it one prompt at a time.As our creative lead, Lucas uses tools like native image gen in ChatGPT and Midjourney to generate the cover images you see every day. He also designs the interfaces for our products—Cora, Spiral, and Sparkle—and makes everything on our site feel as thoughtful and delightful as possible.We get into:Why Every's aesthetic feels familiar and new at the same time. Every's aesthetic plays with the tension between the old (like Greek statues and Baroque symbols) and the new (like saturated colors and modern motifs) to make the glamor of the past feel fresh.Art direction matters more than ever today. As AI makes it easier to generate images, Lucas says the real work of design is shifting toward art direction, specifically, curating an aesthetic that feels “organic;” on his X timeline that's showing up as clouds, earthy landscapes, and textures.Reimagining what a website can be with AI. Lucas compares most websites to identical buildings—predictable, efficient, and forgettable—and wonders how AI can help us break that mold by designing experiences that prioritize serendipity over speed, and curiosity over control.Behind the scenes of Cora's visual aesthetic. How Lucas designed the landing page and launch video for Cora by rooting it in the product's philosophy: turning the inbox from a source of chaos into something that feels calm, thoughtful—like stepping into spring.The future of internet interfaces. Lucas believes the future of digital interfaces will be curated with the same care as a film set or ad campaign, where every detail is chosen with intention.Lucas also walks us through how he created the headline image for Every's consulting page—a human and robotic hand fist-bumping—using Midjourney to iterate from rough prompt to polished visual.This is a must watch for anyone interested in the future of design and making the internet a little more beautiful every day.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:41How AI changed the course of Lucas's career: 00:04:02Why Every's aesthetic feels both familiar and fresh: 00:08:00Why Lucas thinks minimalism is overrated: 00:14:53Art direction matters more than ever in the age of AI: 00:20:38 How to reimagine what a website can be with AI: 00:23:42Lucas's process in Midjourney to generate cover images: 00:33:08Midjourney v. image generation in ChatGPT: 00:42:30Behind the scenes of Cora's design language: 00:49:07How AI is rewriting the role of a designer: 00:59:18Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Lucas Crespo: @lucas__crespoThe pieces Lucas has written for Every: “When An AI Tool Finally Gets You”, “A Definitive Guide to Using Midjourney” Dan's piece on the allocation economy: “The Knowledge Economy Is Over. Welcome to the Allocation Economy” 

Our sponsor for this episode is Microsoft. Want seamless collaboration without the cost? Microsoft Teams offers a robust free plan for individuals that delivers unlimited chat, 60-minute video meetings, and file sharing—all within one intuitive workspace that keeps your projects moving forward. Head to ⁠https://aka.ms/every⁠ to use Teams for free, and experience effortless collaboration, today.AI forces us to reckon with what makes us human—a question caught between science and spirituality that MIT's Dr. Alan Lightman is uniquely placed to explore.Dr. Lightman is a physicist, bestselling novelist, and professor of the practice of humanities at MIT. As one of the first at MIT to hold a joint faculty position in both the sciences and the humanities, he's at ease walking the line between the two disciplines.I loved Dr. Lightman's book Einstein's Dreams, so I was psyched to have him on the show. We spent an hour talking about:Being a “spiritual materialist”: Dr. Lightman's philosophy that knowing the scientific explanation for natural phenomena—like spiderwebs and lightning bolts—deepens our experience and feeling of wonder.The nature of consciousness: He believes that consciousness is a subjective experience emerging from the tangible activity of billions of neurons firing in our brains.AI isn't conscious, even though it might appear to be: AI might display manifestations of consciousness—like the ability to plan for the future—but whether it has an inner experience in the truest sense is a fundamentally different question.Challenge your conceptions of what “natural” means: Dr. Lightman argues that since humans evolved through natural selection, everything our brains create—from eyeglasses and hearing aids to AI—can be considered “natural” as they are inevitable consequences of our naturally evolved intelligenceAI that can do more than just data retrieval: Modern neural networks begin to approximate something resembling genuine thinking because the “digital neurons” process information in complex, non-linear ways.Evolution that blurs the lines between biology and technology: Dr. Lightman argues we're driving our own evolution toward the “homo techno,” hybrid beings that merge human and machine; early examples include brain implants that enable paralyzed individuals to control robotic limbs.Dr. Lightman also recently published a new book called The Miraculous From the Material, a collection of essays that combine scientific explanations of natural phenomena with his personal reflections on them. It has tons of striking pictures that you should check out.This is a must watch for anyone interested in science, spirituality, and what it means to be human in the age of AI.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:18Science can deepen your sense of the spiritual: 00:02:36The nature of consciousness: 00:11:31AI might appear to be conscious, but it isn't: 00:13:11Why AI can be considered to be “natural”: 00:19:50AI shifts the focus of science from explanations to predictions: 00:30:40How modern neural networks simulate thinking: 00:33:48Lightman's vision for how humans and machines will merge: 00:39:38 Does AI know more about love than you?: 00:43:11How technology is accelerating the pace of our lives: 00:49:18Links to resources mentioned:Alan Lightman: https://cmsw.mit.edu/alan-lightman/ Lightman's books: The Miraculous From the Material, Einstein's DreamsHis documentary: Searching: Our Quest for Meaning in the Age of ScienceWalt Whitman's poem: When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer

Jonny Miller uploaded his entire life to ChatGPT to use it as the ultimate AI coach. He created what he calls a Codex Vitae—with core personality traits, values, goals, burnout signals and more to load into ChatGPT. It hyper-customizes his responses, to help him access deep meditation states, create custom supplementation plans, and do deep research on areas of brain and body that he finds interesting.  Jonny runs a course on nervous system mastery, hosts a podcast, coaches founders and CEOs, and is building a wellness app—all using AI. As a long-time friend and writer for @every, I was psyched to have Jonny on AI & I to talk about how LLMs are expanding the breadth and depth of what he can do. We get into: Energy as your greatest asset: Jonny's philosophy around pursuing a non-traditional path—like us at Every—by fiercely protecting his energy and optimizing for “aliveness” instead of higher revenue figures.ChatGPT projects for everything: His use of projects in @ChatGPTapp to organize different areas of his life; for example, he uploads his meditation journal to a Jhana project and asks it for advice when he's struggling with the practice on a particular day.Deep research in action: How he uses @OpenAI's deep research to tackle practical questions about moving his family to Costa Rica, hilariously esoteric ones about whether there's a connection between Pokémon and shamanism, and everything that lies in between.The rise of “centaur” teams: Jonny's belief that @kevin2kelly's prediction around “centaurs”—human + AI teams outperforming either human or AI working alone—is becoming our reality.This is a must watch for anyone interested in using AI for personal development, coaching, or to build systems that can understand you. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:31Dan and Jonny's approach to running non-traditional businesses: 00:02:18How Jonny uses ChatGPT to deepen his meditation practice: 00:12:04Jonny uses AI to research a theory of how trauma is stored in our bodies: 00:25:44Dan's theory around how AI is changing science: 00:31:28Jonny's method to build personalized AI coaches: 00:32:35How Jonny used OpenAI's deep research to plan a move to Costa Rica: 00:47:07Dan is developing an app that can predict his OCD symptoms: 00:52:50AI makes the idea of a “quantified self” useful: 00:55:42The future of human-AI coaching teams: 00:58:28Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Jonny Miller: @jonnym1llerThe nervous system mastery bootcamp: https://www.nsmastery.com/ His podcast: Curious Humans with Jonny Miller The nervous system regulation mobile app: Stateshift Jonny's method to build your AI coach: http://BuildyourAIcoach.com More about Jhana: https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/09/20/meditative-states-as-mental-feedback-loops/ Buster Benson's Codex Vitate: https://2019.busterbenson.com/beliefs/The pieces Jonny has written for Every: “The Operating Manual for Your Nervous System,” “The Best Decision-Making Is Emotional,” “How to Pay Off Your Emotional Debt,” “The Art and Science of Interoception”     

I interviewed the Governor of New Jersey Phil Murphy.We spent an hour talking about his vision for AI in government, economic development, and the regulatory challenges ahead. His approach is refreshingly pragmatic: Spark real innovation at scale. Governor Murphy is laying the groundwork through an AI hub that pools the strengths of the government, academia (Princeton University), legacy tech (Microsoft), and next-gen players (CoreWeave). Creating a place for the brightest minds to live and work. He's making the Garden State irresistible for the best talent through walkable communities, legal recreational cannabis, and an angel investment tax credit.AI that augments teams, instead of replacing them. The Governor sees AI as an “accelerant” that enables teams to do more with the same number of employees. He's walking the talk by training 61,000 NJ state employees in AI to automate busy work and free them to focus on strategic tasks.An integrated regulatory framework for AI. He believes that a technology as pervasive as AI should be regulated at a national level because the state-by-state approach could stifle innovation. Governor Phil Murphy is the first governor I've ever had on the show and I was honored he took the time to come on. I was also especially excited to do this because I grew up in New Jersey! This is a must watch for anyone interested in the intersection of AI and policy.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps for Spotify:Introduction: 00:02:00Why there should be a nation-wide framework to regulate AI: 00:04:31How 61,000 state employees in New Jersey are adopting AI: 00:10:34Why new tech is key to transforming government services: 00:12:20The Governor is bringing startups back to New Jersey: 00:17:30How to stimulate innovation at scale: 00:25:28The Governor is making New Jersey a top choice for the best talent: 00:33:07Balancing technological progress while ensuring the workforce isn't left behind: 00:36:56We're moving toward an “allocation economy”: 00:41:39The Governor's take on international regulation of AI: 00:43:43Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Governor Phil Murphy: @GovMurphyMore about the New Jersey AI Hub: https://njaihub.org/ 

Steve Schlafman is using a $20 ChatGPT subscription to expand his consciousness.He's doing this through:Advanced dream work—Steve records himself talking about his dreams every morning, uploads the transcript to ChatGPT, and prompts the LLM to analyze it like a Jungian dream analyst would. The model pulls out archetypes and hidden emotions that he would've been oblivious to.Creating living records of meaningful experiences—Instead of losing key insights from therapy or coaching, Steve uses the LLM to highlight emotional patterns, pick out recurring symbols, and build a personal growth timeline.Leaning into voice interfaces—Diagnosed with ADD as a child, Steve often lost track of ideas because his brain processed information faster than he could type or write it out. AI voice interfaces free him to process information in a way that's more natural to him.Steve is a former VC-turned-executive coach and the founder of Downshift, the “decelerator” for founders and executives. If you think this episode is too “woo” for your liking, Steve argues that you might be over-indexing on just one way of experiencing the world. We see the world through four windows: thinking, sensing, feeling, and imagining—and according to him, the last two are often ignored. So if your rational mind has always run the show, Steve invites you to let your feelings and imagination take the lead.This is a must watch for anyone interested in using AI to understand themselves better—and grow.  If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Introduction: 00:01:07The power of treating your startup as an evolving entity: 00:03:00Building a business as a means of self-expression: 00:05:27Prompting ChatGPT to do Jungian dream work: 00:17:45Why you should listen to this episode, especially if it feels too “woo'” for you: 00:21:44Visualizing Steve's dream with ChatGPT: 00:36:31Creating living records of meaning experiences with AI: 00:47:38If you tend to think faster than you can type, lean into voice interfaces: 00:49:37How Steve writes with AI: 00:52:13How AI will disrupt traditional coaching and therapy: 00:54:03

Our sponsor for this episode is Microsoft. Want seamless collaboration without the cost? Microsoft Teams offers a robust free plan for individuals that delivers unlimited chat, 60-minute video meetings, and file sharing—all within one intuitive workspace that keeps your projects moving forward. Head to https://aka.ms/every to use Teams for free, and experience effortless collaboration, today.Mike Maples knows how AI startups can beat incumbents with billions of dollars. Mike—who wrote early checks to Twitter, Twitch, Okta, and Lyft, and now invests through Floodgate, the fund he cofounded—told me it's not about the smartest model, or raising the most money. Startups can win in AI with better strategy.AI is changing the economics of startups—both how they're started and how they're funded. A new breed of companies is emerging, and I invited Mike on the show to talk about how they can best strategize. Last year, Mike co-authored a book called Pattern Breakers, which is essentially a guidebook to why there's no guidebook to building companies. I really liked it, and my colleague Evan Armstrong reviewed it for Every, so I was glad to have him on. We talk about how shifts in technology create space for smaller players to compete—even with AI giants like OpenAI—and how to capitalize on them.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps for Spotify:Introduction: 00:02:20Innovate the business model, not just the product: 00:06:02How startups can compete against the likes of OpenAI: 00:15:49Mike's take on DeepSeek: 00:19:34Why the future has always belonged to the tinkerers: 00:21:44How small teams today can make big money: 00:24:03Find niches that incumbents can't or don't want to enter: 00:28:55The qualities of the truly AI-native: 00:47:08How AI changes the funding model for software companies: 00:53:46Knowledge work is moving toward systems-level thinking: 00:58:23Links to resources mentioned in the episode:Mike Maple: @m2jrThe fund Mike confounded, Floodgate: @floodgatefundEvan's piece reviewing Pattern Breakers: "A New Book of the Startup Bible" Dan's piece on the allocation economy: "The Knowledge Economy Is Over. Welcome to the Allocation Economy." 

Michael Taylor has perfected the art of getting AI to speak in tongues. He's taught it to mimic the voices of your customers—so you can see how they would respond before you ship.Michael is the creator of Rally, a market research tool that lets you simulate an audience of AI personas. He built a simulator that lets us A/B test Every's headlines on an audience that mimics the real Hacker News audience. It's become a part of my writing workflow, and I love it because you test your assumptions quickly, cheaply, and without any of the risks of putting something out into the world.Besides Rally, Michael co-authored a book on prompt engineering for O'Reilly, and he writes a column for Every about managing AI tools like you would people. In a past life, he founded a growth marketing agency which he grew to 50 people and sold in 2020. One of the reasons I'm drawn to Michael's work is because he has a tinkerer's mindset. He's always exploring the limits of what a new technology can do, and what he's into today, everyone else will likely discover six months later. We spent an hour talking about using language models to judge your work, best practices for assessing an AI's performance, and Michael's flow inside Cursor. He also demos Rally live on the show, testing three different potential headlines for an Every article.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:32AI can simulate human personalities with remarkable precision: 00:04:30How Michael simulated a Hacker News audience: 00:08:15Push AI to be a good judge of your work: 00:15:04Best practices to run evals: 00:19:00How AI compresses years of learning into shorter feedback loops: 00:23:01Why prompt engineering is becoming increasingly important: 00:27:01Adopting a new technology is about risk appetite: 00:44:59Michael demos Rally, his market research tool: 00:47:20The AI tools Michael uses to ship new features: 00:55:03Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Michael Taylor: @hammer_mtJoin the waitlist for Rally, Michael's synthetic market research tool: https://askrally.com/ The book Michael co-authored on prompt engineering: Prompt Engineering for Generative AI The column Michael writes for Every: Also True for HumansMichael's article on personas of thought: “I Asked 100 AI Agents to Judge an Advertisement”Michael's article on building a Hacker News simulator: “I Created a Hacker News Simulator to Reverse-engineer Virality” 

Nat Eliason's career arc is borderline absurd—but it works. In the last five years, he ran an SEO agency, got into crypto, made $600,000 from a course on the note-taking toolRoam Research, flipped real estate in Austin for a 6x return, and published abook with Random House. He's now writing a book of science fiction and running a viralcourse about building apps with AI.I've known Nat for a long time, and I think he knows where the puck is headed better than anyone. He'll see a new tool or trend, master it, build a business around it, and move on. Nat's pulled it off with crypto, Roam, real estate—and now AI. His app-building course has over 800 students and racked up $200,000 in pre-sales in one week.Nat was one of the first guests I had on the podcast and I was delighted to have him on again. We spent an hour talking about how coding with AI is creating new behaviors in programming, Nat's best practices for using the coding tool Cursor, and his take on the future of writing with AI. This episode is a must-watch for writers, creators, and anyone interested in the future of product building.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here:https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every:https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X:https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps:Introduction: 00:01:45The origins of Nat's viral course on building apps with AI: 00:10:15How coding with AI has evolved over the last two years: 00:17:16Nat creates an app using Composer, Cursor's AI assistant: 00:20:52Tactical tips for coding with Cursor: 00:24:36How coding with AI is creating new behaviors in programming: 00:27:36What excites Nat the most about the future of AI: 00:31:11A demo of Hubbard, the AI editor Nat built for his science fiction writing: 00:37:28When does it make sense to build custom software: 00:43:22Nat's take on the future of writing with AI: 00:47:48Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Nat Eliason: @nateliasonNat's viral course about building apps with AI:Build Your Own Apps with AIThe book Nat published about crypto:Crypto Confidential: Winning and Losing Millions in the New Frontier of Finance  Dan's piece about how AI empowers creators:AI and the Age of the Individual 

Guillermo Rauch is one of the most prolific coders of this generation.  But he doesn't think of himself as a coder anymore.  Coding, he says, is a specific skill that AI is becoming great at. Instead, he thinks the future of coding is more holistic, full-stack engineers who can ideate, design, and execute all together.  Guillermo is the founder and CEO of Vercel, the creator of NextJS, and SocketIO. We spent an hour talking about the future of software development in an AI world—and the meta-skills that are essential for the coders of today to master—in order to use tomorrow's tools to their fullest extent. Here are a few takeaways: One of the most important keys to his success is taste—and developing taste is all about paying better attention to everything you experience day to day. He's great at recognizing bleeding-edge technologies with extremely practical applications but that have bad user experiences. If you can learn to recognize those and build with them, you might build the next NextJs or SocketIO. He's already seeing enterprises use Vercel's AI coding copilot v0 to replace all of their programming—they just send v0 demos back and forth to iterate on new prototypes.  Why prototype cultures are becoming common in AI—and the benefits of written cultures like Amazon vs. prototype cultures like Apple for different kinds of companies. For developers building frameworks, always put the product first; a framework in isolation without a “customer zero” is never going to be a good tool. The theory of “recursive founder mode”—if you want to build a scalable business, you have to scale yourself by creating an atmosphere that nurtures talent and ambition. AI tools are shifting software toward consumption-based billing models, making us capital allocators who decide how much compute the AI consumes. The future of AI is agents with the taste, knowledge, and tools to perform specialized tasks. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:33 How to spot trends early: 00:03:18 Why you should be your own customer: 00:07:34 How to create an ecosystem of talent and ambition: 00:14:55  Why Guillermo doesn't identify as a coder: 00:17:29 AI is gearing us toward an allocation economy: 00:20:50 How Vercel's copilot compares with other coding agents: 00:28:34 Guillermo's advice on having better taste: 00:40:35 The future of AI agents is specialized: 00:42:46 How AI startups can compete with big tech: 00:47:50 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:   Guillermo Rauch: @rauchg Vercel: https://vercel.com/  Our episode with Nabeel Hyatt: "

AGI is coming. Reid Hoffman just wrote the book on how to prepare. According to Reid, every major tech breakthrough (the written word, the printing press, the telephone) triggered mass fear. But, contrary to our worries, new technology tends to enhance human agency—even more so, if you know how to use it well. Reid is the cofounder of LinkedIn, Inflection AI, and Manas AI; a partner at venture capital firm Greylock Partners; an early backer and board member of OpenAI; and an award-winning podcaster We spent an hour talking about how to develop a compass for navigating AGI. Here are a few takeaways: Our sense of human agency is not just about external control but an internal stance—how we approach uncertainty & new tech is crucial In new technology waves, NO blueprint or plan will have the right answers. Instead, adapting to new technology requires broad access, an experimental mindset, and flexibility In an AGI world most jobs will transform, not disappear—and how you can prepare with hands-on trial and error How certain social norms and ethics should change as AGI changes the landscape—like individual access to personal data  Why now may be finally be the era where quantified self tools become valuable …and more, including everything in his new book Superagency, out this week.  It was a pleasure to have him on the show for a second time. This is a must-watch for anyone who wants to help build a more human future with AI. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:29 Patterns in how we've historically adopted technology: 00:02:50 Why humans have typically been fearful of new technologies: 00:07:02 How Reid developed his own sense of agency: 00:13:25 The way Reid thinks about making investment decisions: 00:20:08 AI as a “techno-humanist” compass: 00:29:40 How to prepare yourself for the way AI will change knowledge work: 00:35:30 Why equitable access to AI is important: 00:41:39 Reid's take on why private commons will be beneficial for society: 00:45:15  How AI is making Silicon Valley's conception of the “quantified self” a reality: 00:47:23 The shift from symbolic to sub-symbolic AI mirrors how we understand intelligence: 00:52:14 Reid's new book, Superagency: 01:03:29 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:   Reid Hoffman: @reidhoffman Superagency, Reid's newest book:

Nabeel Hyatt is looking for the “Japanese toilets” of AI—products that delight users in unexpected ways. As a partner at Spark Capital, that investment philosophy has paid off. Despite making only 1-2 investments a year, he's picked some of the biggest winners in AI so far: Descript, Cruise, and Granola. We spent an hour unpacking:  How much “leash” top products give to AI agents—and why that matters How he spots remarkable AI products Why “sensitivity” is one of the most important traits of top founders The huge opportunities for AI products to help users explore new “possibility spaces” How Nabeel is actually using AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude, and AI code editor Windsurf in his life  If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:32 Why Nabeel doesn't invest in more than two companies per year: 00:01:50 Why the words you use to describe your business matter: 00:06:49 What a product with soul looks like: 00:13:45 Patterns in the remarkable founders Nabeel has invested in: 00:16:48 How Nabeel evaluates popular coding agents: 00:24:12  AI has broadened the horizons of what Nabeel can do: 00:32:29 How funding models are changing as AI makes it cheaper to build software: 00:36:28 Nabeel's framework for when to trust an LLM: 00:45:43  Guide AI to provide context (and not just quick answers): 00:55:39 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:   Nabeel Hyatt: @nabeel, https://nabeelhyatt.com/  Spark Capital: https://www.sparkcapital.com/  The piece Chris Pedregal wrote for Every: How to Build a Truly Useful AI Product  Chris Pedregal on AI & I:

Building an email client used to take many years and millions of dollars. But Every's Kieran Klaassen built Cora—a totally new way to manage your inbox with AI—in just 3 months. He even shipped the original MVP of the product in a single day—something that just wasn't possible before the current state of generative AI.  Now, there are almost 10,000 people on the waitlist for Cora, and we're onboarding new users every single day.  Every's head of Studio Brandon Gell and I worked closely with Kieran as he built Cora, and to kick off my podcast, AI and I, in 2025, I invited both of them on the show to talk about it. We go behind the scenes, getting into: How Kieran built the product with Cursor, o1, and o1 Pro What we're learning as we onboard new users every day The future of Cora and of Every as a multi-modal media company This is a must watch for anyone curious about our approach to building with AI at Every. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:56 How the maker of Cora describes the product: 00:02:33 Our first mistake while building Cora: 00:06:31 The story of how Kieran shipped the first MVP overnight: 00:09:37 Why Dan believes software is becoming content: 00:13:44 Products with a point of view will win: 00:16:40 How Kieran approaches building a new product: 00:19:16 Best practices while using Cursor: 00:31:55 Hacking together a copy editor in Cursor live on the show: 00:41:05 The future of Cora, and the hardest challenge we face today: 00:53:58

AI is going to change science forever. Small scale studies will give way to large scale open data gathering efforts. We'll shift from seeking broad general theories to making contextual predictions in individual cases. The traditional research paper will change fundamentally. That's why I had Alice Albrecht on the show. Few people straddle the worlds of science and AI like she does: She holds a Ph.D. in cognitive neuroscience from Yale and is a machine learning researcher with almost a decade of experience. Her startup re:collect built an app to augment human intelligence with AI and was acqui-hired by SmartNews earlier this year. She now heads up AI product there. We get into the contours of this new paradigm in science: - Whether research papers are still the best format to “release” science in - The increasing importance of data in scientific discovery - Why AI is making N-of-1 studies imperative—when they're normally seen as unscientific - The case for big tech to open-source their data for scientific research - The power of unbundling data and interpretations, in science and media This is a must-watch for anyone interested in how AI is changing the future of scientific research. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps: Introduction: (00:00:59) Everything Alice learned about growing an AI startup: (00:04:50) Alice's thesis about how AI can augment human intelligence: (00:09:08) Whether chat is the best way for humans to interface with AI: (00:12:47) Ideas to build an AI model that predicts OCD symptoms: (00:23:55) Why Alice thinks LLMs aren't the right models to do predictive work: (00:37:12) How AI is broadening the horizons of science: (00:38:39) The new format in which science will be released: (00:40:14) Why AI makes N-of-1 studies more relevant: (00:45:39) The power of separating data from interpretations: (00:50:42) Links to resources mentioned in the episode:   Alice Albrecht: @AliceAlbrecht The company that recently acquired Alice's startup: SmartNews The piece Alice wrote for Every about how AI can augment human intelligence: The Case for Cyborgs Every's product incubations that we discuss in the context of how AI is changing media: Extendable Articles, TLDR

Chris Pedregal knows how to build AI products that people love. Chris is the cofounder and CEO of Granola, an AI notepad for meetings. We use it all the time at Every—Granola listens in on a meeting and, when it ends, generates notes and a shareable transcript for anyone who missed it.  Granola is one of my favorite consumer AI products because it's equal parts delightful and useful. So my question for Chris was: How do you do it? How do you make an excellent product in AI?  We spent an hour talking about: How Chris uses intuition while making product decisions  The importance of building products with “soul” How to develop your product thinking muscles When Chris trusts his gut over listening to user feedback    How fewer users gives startups a leg up over big tech Why Chris is bullish on founders building specialized AI tools for professionals This is a must-watch for anyone interested in building valuable, sticky AI products that users will love. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps for Spotify: Introduction (00:00:48) How Chris made early product decisions at Granola (00:09:14) Chris's philosophy around product development (00:13:36) When to follow your intuition v. listen to your users (00:19:24) How to build a product with “soul” (00:20:40) Chris's advice on becoming a better product thinker (00:25:12) The role travel plays in shaping Chris's intuition (00:31:17) Why having fewer users is an advantage for AI startups (00:45:52) Why Chris is bullish on startups building specialized AI tools (00:52:09) Where Chris sees Granola in the next year (00:56:52) Links to resources mentioned in the episode:   Chris Pedregal: @cjpedregal Granola: http://Granola.ai, @meetgranola  The piece Chris wrote for Every about building useful AI products: https://every.to/thesis/how-to-build-a-truly-useful-ai-product 

Here's the most compelling benchmark of AI progress:  A task that took 60 minutes a year ago now takes 60 seconds. In January 2024, Geoffrey Litt and I spent an hour coaxing ChatGPT and Replit to build an app live on my podcast.12 months later, Steve Krouse and I built the same app with one prompt in less than a minute.  Steve is the cofounder and CEO of Val Town, a cloud-based platform for developers to write, share, and deploy code directly in the browser. We used Townie, Val Town's AI assistant, to build an app to keep track of time on the podcast, take notes, and generate questions for the guest.   Townie generated the app even before Steve could finish describing it on the show. As we demo Townie, we get into: Why Steve believes programming can rewire the way you think  The rise of the non-technical AI developer and what that means for the future of coding How Townie works under the hood, including the details of the system prompt  How Steve is evolving ValTown's strategy as AI progress continues to unfold The power of small, dense engineering teams  This is a must-watch for founders building AI-powered developer tools, and anyone interested in the future of programming. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction (00:00:55) How programming changes the way you think (00:03:24) Building an app in less than 60 seconds (00:11:22) How Val Town's AI assistant works (00:17:19) Steve's contrarian take on the non-technical AI programmer (00:23:05) The nuances of building software that isn't deterministic (00:33:38) How to design systems that can capitalize on the next leap in AI (00:39:05) What gives Val Town a competitive edge in a crowded market (00:40:47) The power of small, dense engineering teams (00:47:34) How Steve is positioning Val Town in a strategic niche (00:52:26) Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Steve Krouse: https://stevekrouse.com/, @stevekrouse  Val Town: https://www.val.town/  Townie, the AI assistant integrated into Val Town: https://www.val.town/townie/signup?next=%2Ftownie  Pieces on Val Town's blog about how the team built Townie: How we built Townie—an app that generates fullstack apps, Building a code-writing robot and keeping it happy  The book by Seymour Papert about how programming changes the way you think: Mindstorms: Children, Computers, and Powerful Ideas

Over the last few months at Every, we've: Launched two AI products Acquired tens of thousands of users Released a new incubation in private alpha The weird thing is: We're a media company with < 10 full-time employees, and we're mostly bootstrapped. That's not how things are supposed to work in startups. When we started our product incubation arm six months ago, many people told us it wouldn't work: divided focus, not enough money, and the biggest one—it would be too hard to find talented people to run the products we build. Yesterday, we proved out one of the biggest risks to our strategy: We launched a brand-new version of our AI product Spiral (https://spiral.computer) with Danny Aziz as GM—who left a $200K salary to join us.  The question is: Why? Why did he join us, and why is the model working when it “shouldn't” be? That's why I invited Danny and Brandon Gell, Every's head of Studio, on the show. We get into the details of Every's business model, what makes our flywheel turn, where each of us sees ourselves one year from now, and what happens when you mix media, software, and AI under one roof. This is a must-watch for anyone who wants to build a business on their own terms, and have a lot of fun while doing it.  If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:08 All about Spiral, the tool we recently launched: 00:02:15 Why Danny left a $200,000 salary to work at a bootstrapped media company: 00:04:06 How we do a lot of things well at Every: 00:10:33 What makes Every's flywheel turn: 00:14:44 The kind of people who fit right in at Every: 00:17:11 How Every is differentiated from a standard VC-backed startup: 00:23:25 How Danny found his way into the world of startups: 00:36:11 The tech industry's affinity for potential over experience: 00:46:43  Where each of us sees ourselves in the next one year: 00:52:38 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Danny Aziz: @DannyAziz97 Brandon Gell: @bran_don_gell Try Spiral here: https://spiral.computer/   More about Every's product incubation arm: https://every.to/p/introducing-every-studio 

Everyone told Vicente Silveira that his startup—a GPT wrapper—would fail.  Instead, one year later, it's thriving—with about 500,000 registered users, nearly 3,000 paying subscribers, and over 2 million conversations in the GPT store.  Vicente is the cofounder and CEO of AI PDF, a tool that can help you summarize, chat with, and organize your PDF files. When OpenAI allowed users to upload PDFs to ChatGPT, the consensus was that his startup, and all the other GPT wrappers out there, were toast.  Some of his competitors even shut shop, but Vicente believed they could still create value for users as a specialized tool. The AI PDF team kept building.  A year later, AI PDF is one of the most popular AI-powered PDF readers in the world—and they did it all with a five-person team, and a friends and family round.  I sat down with Vicente to understand, in granular detail, the success of AI PDF. We get into: Why staying small and specialized is a bigger advantage than you think The power of building with your early adopters Why lean startups are better positioned than frontier AI companies to create radical solutions  When a growing startup should think about raising venture capital The emerging role of ‘AI managers' who will be responsible for overseeing AI agents  We even demo an agent integrated into AI PDF, prompting it to analyze recent articles from my column Chain of Thought and write a bulleted list of the core thesis statements. This is a must-watch for small teams building profitable companies at the bleeding edge of AI.  If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: (00:00:35) AI PDF's story begins with an email to OpenAI's Greg Brockman: (00:02:58) Why users choose AI PDF over ChatGPT: (00:05:41) How to compete—and thrive—as a GPT wrapper: (00:06:58) Why building with early adopters is key: (00:20:49) Being small and specialized is your biggest advantage: (00:27:53) When should AI startups raise capital: (00:31:47) The emerging role of humans who will manage AI agents: (00:34:53) Why AI is different from other tech revolutions: (00:45:25) A live demo of an agent integrated into AI PDF: (00:54:01)

Prompt engineering matters more than ever. But it's evolving into something totally new:  A way for non-technical domain experts to solve complex problems with AI. I spent an hour talking to prompt wizard Jared Zoneraich, cofounder and CEO of PromptLayer, about why the death of prompt engineering is greatly exaggerated. And why the future of prompting is equipping non-technical experts with the tools to manage, deploy, and evaluate prompts quickly. We get into: His theory around why the “irreducible” nature of problems will keep prompt engineering relevant Prompt engineering best practices around prompts, evals, and datasets Why it's important to align your prompts with the language the model speaks How to run evals when you don't have ground truth Why he believes that the companies who have domain experts to scope out the right problems will win in the age of gen AI This is a must-watch for prompt engineers, people interested in building with AI systems, or anyone who wants to generate predictably good responses from LLMs. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:08 Jared's hot AGI take: 00:09:54 An inside look at how PromptLayer works: 00:11:49  How AI startups can build defensibility by working with domain experts: 00:15:44 Everything Jared has learned about prompt engineering: 00:25:39 Best practices for evals: 00:29:46 Jared's take on o-1: 00:32:42 How AI is enabling custom software just for you: 00:39:07 The gnarliest prompt Jared has ever run into: 00:42:02 Who the next generation of non-technical prompt engineers are: 00:46:39 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Jared Zoneraich: @imjaredz PromptLayer: @promptlayer, https://www.promptlayer.com/ A couple of Steven Wolfram's articles on ChatGPT: What Is ChatGPT Doing … and Why Does It Work?, ChatGPT Gets Its “Wolfram Superpowers”!   

This episode is sponsored by Notion. I've been using Notion to manage my professional and personal life for almost 10 years. As a company, they pay attention to the craft and ideas underlying the software they build, and that comes through in the experience of using Notion every day. If you're a startup, get up to 6 months of Notion Plus with unlimited AI—worth up to $6,000—for free by going to https://ntn.so/every, selecting Every in the drop-down partner list, and using the code EveryXNotion. Notion cofounder Simon Last told me everything he's learned from integrating AI into a platform that has over 100 million users. Simon likes to keep a low profile, even though he's the driving force behind Notion AI, one of the most widely scaled AI applications in the world. In his first-ever podcast interview, we get into: What he would build if he started Notion from scratch today with AI How to get high quality and reliable results from AI at scale The future of human creativity in a world with machines that think   This is a must-watch for anyone interested in building reliable AI products at scale. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:57 How AI changes the way we build the foundational elements of software: 00:02:28 Simon's take on the impact of AI on data structures: 00:10:07 The way Simon would rebuild Notion with AI: 00:13:05 How to design good interfaces for LLMs: 00:23:39 An inside look at how Notion ships reliable AI systems at scale: 00:28:22 The tools Simon uses to code: 00:35:41 Simon's thoughts on scaling inference compute as a new paradigm: 00:38:16 How the growing capabilities of AI will redefine human roles: 00:49:10 Simon's AGI timeline: 00:50:28 Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Simon Last: @simonlast Notion AI: https://www.notion.so/product/ai The AI code editor Simon uses: Cursor OpenAI's definition of AGI that Simon ascribes to: https://openai.com/charter/

Union Square Ventures is building an AI operating system to support their investment team.  But it's not what you think: It's a constellation of AI tools that captures and synthesizes the firm's collective wisdom. It's evolving every day, and Matt Cynamon is the mad scientist in charge Matt calls himself a “regular” at USV. In practice that means he's responsible for running experiments with AI for the firm. As an inherently curious person with the professional obligation to tinker, he's built a suite of tools for the firm, including:  The Librarian, a chatbot trained on around 15,000 articles from USV's blog Portfolio Tracker, a GPT that analyzes the investments made by the firm Meeting Notes, a tool that makes it possible for team members to interact with meetings   I sat down with Matt to talk about how AI is enabling him to bring his ideas to life as a generalist, get demos of the tools listed above, and exchange notes on all the other projects he has in the works at USV. We edit actionable insights extracted by an AI from meetings at USV and prepare them to be posted on the firm's X handle live on the show. We even try out an art project at USV's office called The Dream Machine, which generates art from conversations. Here's a link to the episode transcript.    This is a must-watch for anyone interested in riding the AI wave by learning how to ship useful products quickly. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: ⁠https://twitter.com/danshipper⁠  Timestamps: Introduction: (00:00:52) How Matt became in charge of everything AI at USV: (00:01:56) How AI empowers generalists to be creators: (00:06:22) The Librarian, a chatbot trained on everything USV has published: (00:10:41) Portfolio Tracker, an AI tool to track USV's investments: (00:21:09) The AI projects that Matt has in the pipeline at USV: (00:27:21) Meeting Notes, USV's AI note-taking tool: (00:34:33) Prompting AI to generate a post for USV's X handle: (00:44:57) Why it's important to diversify ownership over data: (01:00:20) The Dream Machine, AI that generates images from conversations: (01:03:20) Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Matt Cynamon: @mattcynamon Union Square Ventures: @usv, https://www.usv.com/  More about the AI tools at USV: https://www.usv.com/people/the-librarian/, https://www.usv.com/writing/2024/02/ai-aesthetics/  The X post generated live on the show: https://x.com/usv/status/1847354782941663523

Yohei Nakajima leads a double life.  By day, he's a general partner of a small venture firm, Untapped Capital.  By night, he's one of the most prolific internet tinkerers in AI. (He also sometimes works on automating his job as a venture capitalist.) He's the creator of BabyAGI (@babyAGI_), the first open-source autonomous agent that went viral in March 2023. Yohei has since released seven iterations of BabyAGI (each one named after a different animal), a coding agent called Ditto, a framework for building autonomous agents, and, most recently, BabyAGI 2o, a self-building autonomous agent (that follows OpenAI's unfortunate naming convention). Even more incredible, Yohei isn't a professional developer. His day job is as the general partner of Untapped Capital (@UntappedVC). I sat down with Yohei to talk about: What feeds Yohei's drive to create new tools The evolution of BabyAGI into a more powerful version of itself  What Yohei learned about himself by tinkering on the internet Yohei's personal philosophy about how the tools we build our extensions of ourselves Why founders in AI should think about their products from a modular lens, by addressing immediate problems while enabling growth in the future Yohei's insight into a future where models will train themselves as you use them We experiment with Ditto live on the show, using the tool to build a game of Snake and a handy scheduling app. Yohei also screenshares a demo of BabyAGI 2o in action. This is a must-watch for anyone curious about autonomous agents, building cool AI tools on the internet, and the future of AI tooling. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: ⁠https://every.to/subscribe⁠  Follow him on X: ⁠https://twitter.com/danshipper⁠  Timestamps: Introduction: (00:00:59) BabyAGI and its evolution into a more powerful tool: (00:02:26) How better models are changing the way Yohei builds: (00:05:00) Using code building agent Ditto to build a game of Snake: (00:08:10) The ins and outs of how Ditto works: (00:13:24) How Yohei gets a lot done in little time: (00:19:21) Yohei's personal philosophy around building AI tools: (00:21:50) How Yohei experiments with AI as a tech-forward parent: (00:33:13) Demo of Yohei's latest release, BabyAGI 2.0: (00:39:29) Yohei's insights on the future of AI tooling: (00:51:24) Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Yohei Nakajima: @yoheinakajima, http://yohei.me  Untapped Capital: @UntappedVC, https://www.untapped.vc/  My first interview with Yohei, around the time he released BabyAGI: https://every.to/chain-of-thought/this-vc-is-slowly-automating-their-job  The other AI tools Yohei has created: Ditto, BabyAGI 2, BabyAGI 2o The tweet thread about AI bots being let loose on a Discord server: https://x.com/AISafetyMemes/status/1847312782049333701 

This episode is sponsored by Reflect. It's the ultra-fast note-taking app that's about to change the way you take notes. To boost your productivity with advanced features like custom prompts and voice transcripts, give Reflect a try by clicking on this link: https://reflect.app/?utm_source=every&utm_medium=sponsorship&utm_campaign=september2024 Simon Eskildsen is a learning machine.  I first interviewed him in 2020 about how he leveled up from an intern at Shopify to the company's director of production engineering by reading and applying insights from hundreds of books. A lot has changed over the last four years. LLMs have made it possible to contextualize information like never before—and in this episode, I sat down with Simon to talk about how this changes the way he learns. Simon is now the cofounder and CEO of AI startup turbopuffer, which is building a search engine that makes vector search easy and affordable to run at scale. We get into: How Simon's learning rituals have evolved over time, as the cofounder of a growing startup and a new parent  The ways Simon has integrated ChatGPT, Claude, and Notion AI to do everything from writing legal documents to maintaining his rural cabin in Quebec  The custom AI commands in productivity tool Raycast that Simon uses to learn new words and cook creative dishes Simon's take on how language models will reshape the future of learning, especially skills like language acquisition, for the next generation  As we talk, we screenshare through his Anki setup, including the flashcard template he finds most useful, and try out his custom AI commands in Raycast to understand the meaning of two of my favorite obscure words, “lambent” and “eigengrau.” This is a must-watch for note-taking aficionados and anyone who wants to supercharge their learning with AI. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:06 How entrepreneurship and parenthood changed Simon's learning rituals: 00:02:51 How Simon accelerates his learning by using LLMs to find associations: 00:12:59 Simon's Anki setup and the flashcard template he swears by: 00:18:24 The custom AI commands that Simon uses most often: 00:26:02 How Simon uses LLMs for DIY home projects: 00:37:45 Leveraging LLMs as intuitive translators: 00:40:48 Simon's take on how AI is reshaping the future of learning: 00:51:38 How to use Notion AI to write: 00:59:10 The AI tools that Simon uses to write, read, and code: 01:08:53 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Simon Eskildsen: @Sirupsen Simon's startup, turbopuffer: turberpuffer.com, @turbopuffer My first interview with Simon in 2020: https://every.to/superorganizers/how-to-build-a-learning-machine-299655  The productivity tool through which Simon uses LLMs, Raycast: https://www.raycast.com/  The other AI tools that Simon is experimenting with: voice-to-text tool superwhisper, copilot for developers Supermaven, code editor Cursor

How do two professional writers use AI to do the best work of their lives? In today's show, Every's lead writer Evan Armstrong and I conduct an expert workshop on how we use ChatGPT, Claude, AI-powered word processor Lex, and the prompt builder that Every launched, Spiral, to feed our obsession with words—and help us write for more than 78,000 readers every day. We talk about how AI helps us: Understand our taste—understanding what good is Pick a topic—knowing what to write about Craft our words—everything from sketching out an outline to writing and editing Build an audience—learn how to reach people We get into: How I used Claude and ChatGPT to help me identify the kind of writing I like—and why that's critically important for mastery  How Evan uses ChatGPT to explore his taste across books, movies, and paintings  The way I use Claude Projects to help me turn a vast amount of research into a clear thesis statement for major projects The routine Evan swears by to publish two pieces every week How Evan and I use Lex to push through writer's block and catch common writing mistakes like passive voice My workflow inside Claude to craft emphatic metaphors How we use Spiral to write viral tweets  Evan is the lead writer at Every who writes the column Napkin Math twice a week. He's smart, funny, curious—and has the rare combination of business acumen, way with words, and crazy required to be a professional writer. This is a must-watch for aspiring writers, or anyone whose job involves writing more than six sentences in a row. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:01:04 How to develop good taste: 00:04:28 Dan uses Claude to articulate his taste in books: 00:13:34 How to use LLMs to explore art cross different mediums: 00:21:06 The way Evan chooses his next essay topic: 00:33:45 Go from research notes to clear thesis in Claude Projects: 00:38:20 How Evan uses AI to master new topics quickly: 00:46:51 Evan leverages AI to power through writer's block: 00:59:21 How to use Claude to find good metaphors: 01:04:28 The role of AI in building an audience: 01:11:44 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Evan Armstrong: @itsurboyevan The column Evan writes at Every: Napkin Math Evan's upcoming course about how to write with AI: https://www.writewithai.xyz/  The piece Dan wrote about using LLMs to articulate his taste: "What I Do When I Can't Sleep" Dan's article about admitting that he wants to be a writer: "Admitting What Is Obvious"

The Browser Company isn't just building a browser, they're building a formidable brand—and they're doing it with AI.  I sat down with Nashilu Mouen-Makoua, the head of storytelling at The Browser Company, to talk about how they tell stories that capture the cultural zeitgeist and connect authentically with their users—and how she integrates AI into her process for both. We get into: Nash's storytelling philosophy, and why she believes focusing on people is the key to a strong brand How to she uses ChatGPT to do deep research into past cultural moments—and the songs, movies, and products that resonated most deeply in those contexts The brass tacks of how the creative team at The Browser Company comes up with great ideas—including how they structure internal meetings How Nash has integrated ChatGPT to help her polish her words What Nash thinks the gestalt of the current age is—and how The Browser Company is trying to reach “laptop people” in a fresh way We also screen share through Nash's conversation with ChatGPT as she conducted research for an exercise in how to position Arc, and use the LLM to simulate a typical Arc user and interview them live on the show to gather preliminary customer insights. This is a must-watch for people who want to use AI to tell compelling stories about what they're building in tech. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:00:47 Nash's philosophy around storytelling: 00:04:03 The Browser Company's strategy to come up with creative ideas: 00:09:07 Why Nash thinks building brands people can relate to is important: 00:15:00 How to avoid the tired narrative around AI products: 00:18:47 The ways Nash has integrated ChatGPT into her workflow: 00:22:21 Why understanding social context is important to position your product: 00:33:35 How Nash uses ChatGPT to get a gut check on her writing: 00:41:10 What Nash thinks is the gestalt of the current age: 00:49:50  Nash and Dan use ChatGPT to simulate and interview a typical Arc user: 00:52:01 Links to resources mentioned in the episode:  Nashilu Mouen-Makoua: https://twitter.com/lafillemouen  The Browser Company: https://thebrowser.company/, https://twitter.com/browsercompany Arc, the browser that reimagines the way we use the internet: https://arc.net/, @arcinternet Tracy Chapman's song, Talkin' About a Revolution: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xv8FBjo1Y8I

The journey to a calm, profitable business in the AI age We're building a mini-AI media and software empire at Every.  Today on AI & I, Brandon Gell joins the show to turn the tables on me and act as podcast host to explore what we're doing as a company, how we got here, and where we're going. Brandon is Every's first entrepreneur in residence, and he was the perfect person to host, because he's one of the key reasons for our recent acceleration. Before joining Every, Brandon was the cofounder and CEO of Clyde, a startup that helped brands launch their own insurance and warranty programs, where he raised $50 million and led a team of 100 before selling it to global insurance tech company Cover Genius in early 2023. In this episode, he interviews me about how I learned to code in middle school, how I built and sold my first startup coming out of college, and how it all led to Every. We also talk about Brandon's story. He joined Every just four months ago—and it feels like we've done the work of years since. We've launched two new AI products, an incredible amount of great writing, a new course, and more. We get into: My candid thoughts on entrepreneurship in the AI age—including why you should ship fast, and how not to be misled by metrics like TAM  How AI startups can find valuable niches—and live demos of our apps Spiral and Sparkle Brandon's hard-earned lessons from running a insuretech business for seven years The confusing realities of being an exited founder, and how we navigated through those times What brought Brandon to Every—including the email he sent me before joining Every's master plan and what we hope to build over the next few months and years This is a must-watch for anyone interested in building a calm, profitable business empire in the age of AI.  If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:00:56 Dan's childhood dream—to build a Microsoft competitor: 00:03:36 The first app Dan built in middle school: 00:07:07 The story of Dan's first company that he sold in college: 00:18:52 How Every came to be: 00:33:56 The start of Brandon's journey as a builder: 00:49:15 Brandon's first software app—and why you should launch first, and iterate later: 00:57:05 Everything Brandon learned from running a B2B business for seven years: 01:08:49 What brought Brandon to Every—and the email he sent Dan before joining: 01:18:00 Every's master plan to be a successful creator-run business: 01:29:15  Live demo of Spiral, the app that automates 80 percent of repetitive creative work: 01:38:11 Brandon and Dan's take on how AI startups can find a valuable niche: 01:44:00 Live demo of Sparkle, the app that organizes your files for you: 01:50:52 Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Brandon Gell: https://twitter.com/bran_don_gell The piece Dan recently published about Every's master plan: https://every.to/chain-of-thought/every-s-master-plan  Dan's piece about the unbundling of Excel, and why it serves as an important story in the age of AI: https://every.to/chain-of-thought/the-great-ai-unbundling  Tomasz Tunguz, the VC who has also written about Excel: https://tomtunguz.com/  Every cofounder Nathan's word processor, Lex: https://lex.page/  Spiral, the app that automates 80 percent of repetitive creative work: https://spiral.computer/  Sparkle, the app that automatically organizes your files: https://makeitsparkle.co/

Alex Wieckowski is on a mission to make you fall in love with reading again—and he thinks AI can help. Alex, who writes a newsletter that captures lessons from books he's read and tips to become a better reader, Alex & Books, is a creator with over 1 million followers across social platforms. He's also the author of a book of quotes that will inspire you to read more, Learn to Love Reading. We spent an hour talking about how Alex uses AI to be a smarter reader, and we tested out a few strategies live on the show, including: prompting ChatGPT to recommend books that will help me lead a creator-run business better, understanding the deeper themes in Hermann Hesse's novel Siddhartha with large language models, and using AI to create an actionable strategy for Alex to build a course based on the frameworks in Alex Hormozi's business strategy book $100M Offers.  Alex clued me into what he's learned about developing a good reading habit, and his best advice on how to reignite your passion for books. We also discuss Alex's predictions on how companies like Neuralink, which make use of a brain-computer interface—a technology that allows users to control external devices through brain activity—will change the future of reading and books. Here's a link to the transcript of this episode. This is a must-watch for book lovers, people struggling to finish books, and anyone who wants to take their reading to the next level with AI. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps: Introduction: 00:00:34 Choose physical books over e-readers to boost your memory: 00:01:36 Alex's take on how long books will stay relevant: 00:02:54 Prompt ChatGPT to find your next read: 00:07:40 Articulating Dan's taste in books with AI: 00:13:50 Use AI to find books tailored to solve your problems: 00:15:46 How to use AI as a personal study buddy: 00:33:32 Prompt LLMs to turn insights from books into actionable strategies: 00:41:19 What Alex's rule around buying a new book is: 01:02:10 Alex's advice for anyone who feels like they don't have time to read: 01:16:36 Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Alex Wieckowski: https://twitter.com/AlexAndBooks_ Alex's newsletter: https://alexandbooks.beehiiv.com/ The self-improvement book that got Alex into reading: How to Win Friends & Influence People by Dale Carnegie The books that Dan is reading: Children of Memory by Adrian Tchaikovsky, Pragmatism as Anti-Authoritarianism by Richard Rorty  The books that Alex is reading: Never Enough: From Barista to Billionaire by Andrew Wilkinson, $100M Offers by Alex Hormozi, Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse, Outlive by Peter Attia

One of the most influential voices in tech explains how AI helps him write and invest.This episode is sponsored by Create. If you want to maximize your gains, both with your body and with ChatGPT, try creatinine gummies from Create. Place your order through this link to get a 30 percent discount: https://trycreate.co/products/creatine-monohydrate-gummies-270-count?discount=every24Packy McCormick's job is to find, articulate, and invest behind the next big idea.He writes Not Boring, a newsletter that analyzes technology and startups for 200,000 subscribers every week. He also invests in early stage companies through his fund Not Boring Capital and is an advisor at a16z crypto.I spent an hour with him to understand how he's baked AI into the way he thinks, writes, and invests. We get into: How he uses AI to understand dense concepts and refine his arguments His thesis around vertically integrated businesses being the future of tech How Packy uses Claude Projects to edit his newsletter How he makes interactive graphics that represent concepts from his essays The tools Packy uses to research, write, and edit Not Boring When he thinks the next crypto bull run will take place We also use Projects to build an AI tool that grades Packy's essays live on the show.This is a must-watch for writers, investors, and anyone trying to understand the cutting edge of technology.If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!Want even more?Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free.To hear more from Dan Shipper:Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribeFollow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipperTimestamps:00:00:00 - Teaser00:01:24 - Introduction00:02:40 - Packy's thesis about the future of technology00:07:42 - What Packy quick takes on your crypto portfolio00:14:31 - Use LLMs to validate your understanding of complex concepts00:18:26 - How Packy used Claude Projects to write an essay he published recently00:24:00 - Packy's process to make interactive visual graphics for his essays00:31:10 - How to use AI to be thorough in your research00:35:04 - How Packy uses Claude to edit his writing00:36:44 - The tools Packy uses to create his newsletter00:44:12 - Using Claude Projects to make a tool that grades Packy's essaysLinks to resources mentioned in the episode:Packy McCormick: https://twitter.com/packyMPacky's newsletter, Not Boring: https://www.notboring.co/Packy's fund, Not Boring Capital: https://www.notboring.co/p/introducing-not-boring-capitalOne of Packy's first essays, about natively integrated companies: https://www.packym.com/natively-integrated-companiesAnduril, the company Packy thinks is an example of a Techno-industrial: https://www.anduril.com/Packy's portfolio company that's integration crypto into its product: https://v2.oncyber.io/The interactive tool Packy made for a recent newsletter: https://goventvectorsum.replit.app/ for https://www.notboring.co/p/the-american-millenniumPacky's essay about America's tolerance for risk: https://www.notboring.co/p/riskophiliaPacky's essays about Blackbird: https://www.notboring.co/p/blackbird

Keeping up with AI is Nathaniel Whittemore's full-time job—and I spent an hour with him to understand how he does it. Nathaniel is the host of a top-ranked AI podcast on the technology charts, The AI Daily Brief, which breaks down the most important news in AI every day. He is also the founder and CEO of Superintelligent, a platform that teaches you how to use AI for work and fun through interactive video tutorials.  We talked about how he curates information with X bookmarks, Google News, news aggregator Feedly, and research tool Perplexity; the workflow that helps him record and produce two daily podcasts; and why he thinks optimizing your processes with AI remains one of its most underrated applications. Here's what you'll learn if you listen to or watch this episode: How to curates AI news using X bookmarks, Google News, Perplexity, and other specialized tools Nathaniel's insights from producing 300-plus episodes of a top-ranked podcast The granular details of the workflow that helps Nathaniel produce two daily podcasts Actionable advice on how to get the most out of AI right now  If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:00:51 How you can get value of AI right now: 00:02:15 Nathaniel goes through his X bookmarks: 00:14:07 Why content should have a point of view: 00:20:25 Tools that Nathaniel uses to curate news about AI: 00:23:47 How to use LLMs to structure your thoughts: 00:31:27 Why the history of Excel is a good way to understand AI's progress: 00:38:40 The AI features in Descript that Nathaniel uses: 00:45:46 AI-powered tools to help you generate content:00:49:11 Nathaniel's tips on using Midjourney to generate YouTube thumbnails: 00:58:32 Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Nathaniel Whittemore: https://twitter.com/⁠nlw The podcasts Nathaniel hosts: The AI Daily Brief, The Breakdown Podcast Nathaniel's AI education platform: Superintelligent The tools Nathaniel uses to curate AI news: Google News, Feedly, Perplexity The AI-powered content generation tools Nathaniel likes: Hoppy Copy, SEO.ai

This episode is sponsored by Command Bar, an embedded AI copilot designed to improve user experience on your web or mobile site. Find them here: https://www.commandbar.com/copilot/ Dwarkesh Patel is on a quest to know everything. He's using LLMs to enhance how he reads, learns, thinks, and conducts interviews. Dwarkesh is a podcaster who's interviewed a wide range of people, like Mark Zuckerberg, Tony Blair, and Marc Andreesen. Before conducting each of these interviews, Dwarkesh learns as much as he can about his guest and their area of expertise—AI hardware, tense geopolitical crises, and the genetics of human origins, to name a few. The most important tool in his learning arsenal? AI—specifically Claude, Claude Projects, and a few custom tools he's built to accelerate his workflow. He does this by researching extensively, and as his knowledge grows, each piece of new information builds upon the last, making it easier and easier to grasp meaningful insights. In this interview, I turn the tables on him to understand how the prolific podcaster uses AI to become a smarter version of himself. We get into: - How he uses LLMs to remember everything - His podcast prep workflow with Claude to understand complex topics - Why it's important to be an early adopter of technology - His taste in books and how he uses LLMs to learn from them - How he thinks about building a worldview - His quick takes on the AI's existential questions—AGI and P(doom) We also use Claude live on the show to help Dwarkesh research for an upcoming podcast recording. This is a must-watch for curious people who want to use AI to become smarter. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: - Subscribe to Every - Follow him on X Timestamps: 00:00:00 - Teaser 00:01:44 - Introduction 00:05:37 - How Dwarkesh uses LLMs to remember everything 00:11:50 - Dwarkesh's taste in books and how he uses AI to learn from them 00:17:58 - Why it's important to be an early adopter of technology 00:20:44 - How Dwarkesh uses Claude to understand complex concepts 00:26:36 - Dwarkesh on how you can compound your intelligence 00:28:21 - Why Dwarkesh is on a quest to know everything 00:39:19 - Dan and Dwarkesh prep for an upcoming interview 01:04:14 - How Dwarkesh uses AI for post-production of his podcast 01:08:51 - Rapid fire on AI's biggest questions—AGI and P(doom) Links to resources mentioned in the episode: - Dwarkesh Patel - Dwarkesh's podcast and newsletter - Dwarkesh's interview with researcher Andy Matuschak on spaced repetition - The book about technology and society that both Dan and Dwarkesh are reading: Medieval Technology and Social Change - Dan's interview with Reid Hoffman - The book by Will Durant that inspires Dwarkesh: Fallen Leaves - One of the most interesting books Dwarkesh has read: The Great Divide - Upcoming guests on Dwarkesh's podcast: David Reich and Daniel Yergin

Steph Smith is the ultimate internet explorer. I spent an hour talking to her about the future of creating on the internet in the age of AI. She's our first-ever repeat guest, and if you watch the episode you'll see why: It's a curious, fun, experimental romp through the best of the digital world. We try out four underrated AI products, go through a list of Steph's favorite niche internet creators, and follow her creative process in Midjourney in granular detail. We had a wide-ranging discussion about: How AI changes what humans perceive as valuable in art and creativity The type of AI tools that are poised for success How AI narrows the gap between ideas and execution If you don't know her, Steph is the host of the @a16z podcast and the creator behind Internet Pipes, a toolkit to surface useful insights on the internet, and many other cool internet projects. This is a must-watch if you make things on the internet and are interested in how AI is changing what it means to be a creator—and how creator businesses work. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps: 00:00:00 - Teaser 00:00:46 - Introduction 00:09:08 - How Steph uses Midjourney to find her aesthetic 00:20:45 - Steph predicts how creating on the internet will evolve with AI 00:32:51 - Rapid-fire rundown of Steph's favorite niche creators 00:42:58 - How Steph trains her brain on better data 00:48:19 - The AI research tool Steph uses for health information 00:56:25 - The future of AI tools—and one of Steph's top picks 01:01:20 - Dan and Steph use AI to create a simulation of the internet 01:05:09 - How LLM hallucinations can be useful 01:12:06 - Dan and Steph make a song about what they learned on the show Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Steph Smith: https://twitter.com/stephsmithio Internet Pipes: https://internetpipes.com/ Doing Content Right: https://doingcontentright.com/#features A few of Steph's favorite niche creators: India Rose Crawford, Blackforager, David Zinn, David Bird, WatchMaggiePaint The podcast episode Dan did with filmmaker Dave Clark: https://every.to/chain-of-thought/how-a-hollywood-director-uses-ai-to-make-movies The AI tools Dan and Steph use on the show: Consensus, Globe Explorer, websim.ai, Granola, Suno

Dr. Bradley Love is building a tool that can predict the future. Dr. Bradley Love is transforming neuroscience research with AI. He's the creator of BrainGPT, a large language model that can predict the results of neuroscience studies—before they're conducted. And it performs better than human experts. We spent 90 minutes exploring how AI is reshaping scientific research and our understanding of the brain. Bradley argues that as scientific knowledge grows exponentially, we need new tools to make sense of it all. BrainGPT isn't just summarizing existing research—it's predicting future discoveries. We get into: • How BrainGPT outperforms neuroscience professors • Why clean scientific explanations may be a thing of the past • The challenges of interpreting complex biological systems • How AI could change the way we approach scientific research • The limitations of our intuitive understanding of the brain This is a must-watch for anyone interested in the future of science, AI, and how we understand the human mind. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: • Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe • Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Timestamps: 00:00:00 - Teaser 00:01:00 - Introduction 00:01:58 - The motivations behind building a LLM that can predict the future 00:11:14 - How studying the brain can solve the AI revolution's energy problem 00:13:32 - Dr. Love and his team have developed a new way to prompt AI 00:18:27 - Dan's take on how AI is changing science 00:22:54 - Why clean scientific explanations are a thing of the past 00:29:49 - How our understanding of explanations will evolve 00:37:31 - Why Dr. Love thinks the way we do scientific research is flawed 00:40:42 - Why humans are drawn to simple explanations 00:45:03 - How Dr. Love would rebuild the field of science Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Dr. Bradley Love: https://bradlove.org/; https://twitter.com/ProfData BrainGPT: https://braingpt.org/ Thomas Nagel's book on the philosophy of science that Dr. Love recommends: The View From Nowhere The essay that Thomas Nagel is famous for: What is it like to be a bat?

Claire Vo built ChatPRD—an on-demand chief product officer powered by AI. It's now used by over 10,000 product managers and is pulling in six figures in revenue. The best part? Claire has a demanding day job as the CPO at LaunchDarkly. So she built all of ChatPRD herself—over the weekend—with AI. I sat down with Claire to talk about how ChatPRD works, how she built it as a side hustle using AI, and all of the ways she's using AI tools to accelerate her work and life. We get into: How she used AI to build ChatPRD over Thanksgiving break The part of product management that Claire thinks AI will disrupt Why the PMs of tomorrow will be “proto-managers” who create prototypes rather than just specs How junior PMs can use AI to upskill faster The ways in which ChatPRD is baked into her own workflow How building ChatPRD is making Claire a better PM How Claire uses AI as a tech-forward parent This is a must-watch for anyone interested in turning their side hustle into a thriving business or who works in product. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Claire Vo: https://x.com/clairevo ChatPRD: https://www.chatprd.ai/; https://x.com/chatprd; https://www.linkedin.com/company/chatprd/; https://www.youtube.com/@ChatPRD Some of the AI tools that Claire used to build ChatPRD: http://Clerk.dev; https://tiptap.dev/ Greeking Out, the Greek mythology podcast that Claire's son enjoys: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/podcasts/greeking-out

An interview with best-selling sci-fi novelist Robin SloanOne of my favorite fiction writers, New York Times best-selling author Robin Sloan, just wrote the first novel I've seen that's inspired by LLMs. The book is called Moonbound, and Robin originally wanted to write it with language models. He tried doing this in 2016 with a rudimentary model he built himself, and more recently with commercially available LLMs. Both times Robin found himself unsatisfied with the creative output generated by the models. AI couldn't quite generate the fiction he was looking for—the kind that pushes the boundaries of literature. He did, however, find himself fascinated by the inner workings of LLMs Robin was particularly interested in how LLMs map language into math—the notion that each letter is represented by a unique series of numbers, allowing the model to understand human language in a computational way. He thinks LLMs are language personified, given its first heady dose of autonomy. Robin's body of work reflects his deep understanding of technology, language, and storytelling. He's the author of the novels Mr. Penumbra's 24-hour Bookstore and Sourdough, and has also written for publications like the New York Times, the Atlantic, and MIT Technology Review. Before going full-time on fiction writing, he worked at Twitter and in traditional media institutions. In Moonbound, Robin puts LLMs into perspective as part of a broader human story. I sat down with Robin to unpack his fascination with LLMs, their nearly sentient nature, and what they reveal about language and our own selves. It was a wide-ranging discussion about technology, philosophy, ethics, and biology—and I came away more excited than ever about the possibilities that the future holds. This is a must-watch for science-fiction enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the deep philosophical questions raised by LLMs and the way they function. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Robin Sloan: https://www.robinsloan.com/  Robin's books: Mr. Penumbra's 24-Hour Bookstore, Sourdough, Moonbound Dan's first interview with Robin four years ago: https://every.to/superorganizers/tasting-notes-with-robin-sloan-25629085  Anthropic AI's paper about how concepts are represented inside LLMs: https://www.anthropic.com/news/mapping-mind-language-model  Dan's interview with Notion engineer Linus Lee: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OeKEXnNP2yA  Big Biology, the podcast that Robin enjoys listening to: https://www.bigbiology.org/ 

We use it to find bestselling author Steven Berlin Johnson's next project. I sat down with bestselling author Steven Johnson to see if we could come up with a concept for his next project—using AI. The results were amazing. We loaded 200,000 words of NASA transcripts and all of Steven's reading notes since 1999 into NotebookLM, Google's personalized research assistant. We wanted to see if it could help us explore the Apollo 1 fire and find relevant and surprising ideas from history that could work to explain it. NotebookLM condensed disparate 200,000 words of NASA transcripts into readable formats like FAQs and chronological timelines. It sifted through the material to identify the catalyst for the fire. The model even went through Steven's Readwise notes to find a relevant, and unexpected, story from history that we could use to explain the history and origins of the fire If you're a fan of Steven Johnson's work or you're interested in AI as a creative tool, you need to watch this episode.  All of this happens as a live exploration of NotebookLM, and it's a seriously wild ride. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every Follow him on X Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Follow Steven JohnsonNotebookLM Steven's newsletter, Adjacent Possible Steven's latest book about the rise of the modern detective: The Infernal Machine A few of Steven's other books: How We Got to NowWhere Good Ideas Come FromThe Ghost MapEmergenceThe Invention of Air

Learn how the smartest people in the world are using AI to think, create, and relate. Each week I interview founders, filmmakers, writers, investors, and others about how they use AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude, and Midjourney in their work and in their lives. We screen-share through their historical chats and then experiment with AI live on the show. Join us to discover how AI is changing how we think about our world—and ourselves.  For more essays, interviews, and experiments at the forefront of AI: https://every.to/chain-of-thought?sort=newest

The NYT's Kevin Roose has 18 new friends—none of whom are human. His new friends are AI personas that he made with Noma, Kindroid, and other AI companion apps. There's fitness guru Jared, therapist Peter, trial lawyer Anna, and over a dozen more. Kevin talked to them every day for a month, sharing his feelings, asking for parenting advice, and even using them for “fit” checks. This isn't the first time Kevin has had an…unusual interaction with an AI persona. A year ago, he was the target of Bing's chatbot Sydney's unhinged romantic affections. Kevin has gone deeper into the world of AI companions than anyone I know. He is a tech columnist at the New York Times, cohost of the Hard Fork podcast, and the author of three books. In this episode, I sat down with Kevin to learn more about his interactions with AI. We dive into: Why AI companions aren't just for lonely people or shy teenagers Why AI personas are better friends than ChatGPT How AI companions can be used to safely explore different social contexts The risk of young people relying on AI for friendship The icks of AI dating and intimacy How to use AI to articulate what you value in your relationships This is a must-watch for anyone curious about how AI is changing the way we form relationships. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every Follow him on X Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Kevin Roose Hardfork, the podcast that Kevin cohosts Kevin's latest book about being human in a world designed for machines Kevin's piece in the New York Times about his experience making AI friends Two of the apps that Kevin used to create AI companions: Kindroid and Nomi Dan's piece that explains why AI writing will feel real through psychologist D.W. Winnicott's theory Every's piece that explores AI companion app Replika

Nick Dobos, maker of the #1 programming GPT, on prompt-gramming with AI Nick Dobos showed me how to ship a website with two words and a single click.  He's the creator of Grimoire, the #1 custom GPT for programming that has been used for over 1 million chats.  All he gave Grimoire was two words: “coffee website.” Just a minute later, Grimoire built the website and pushed it live to the internet. It was wild. Grimoire can do a lot more than create websites—it's a coding assistant with 75+ built-in hotkey commands and sample projects, a guide to learning how to code from scratch, and a tool for programmers to find answers to their questions in real-time. Before he created Grimoire, Nick was an iOS developer at Twitter. When ChatGPT came out, Nick started experimenting with it—and ended up building Grimoire. Today, he's at the leading edge of experimenting and building with AI.  I sat down with Nick to explore how people are using Grimoire and what it tells us about the age of programming by prompting. We dive into: How AI is massively lowering the barriers to code Why it's important to solve the “blank canvas problem” that people experience while creating with AI How AI tools can streamline your creative process Why Grimoire has an edge over ordinary ChatGPT The best ways to use Grimoire to code smarter and faster This is a must-watch for coders, creative people, and anyone curious about how AI is changing the way we interact with computers. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Introduction: 00:00:31 How Nick built Grimoire, the top-ranked GPT for programming: 00:05:20 Ship a website with two words and a single click: 00:10:25 How Grimoire is solving the “blank canvas problem” in AI creation: 00:14:57 The coding curriculum that can take you from zero to full programmer: 00:16:30 Why Grimoire has an edge over ordinary ChatGPT: 00:23:29 Nick's thoughts on building the system prompt for a GPT: 00:34:10 The utility of AI as a new layer on top of existing apps: 00:40:04 How Nick uses a custom GPT to unpack his emotions: 00:43:11 How to use AI to break down tasks—from programming to daily to-do lists: 00:50:35 Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Nick Dobos: @NickADobos Grimoire: https://chat.openai.com/g/g-n7Rs0IK86-grimoire  Nick's website for his experiments with AI: https://mindgoblinstudios.com/  AI-first code editor Cursor: https://cursor.sh/  Open Interpreter: https://www.openinterpreter.com/  Lisa Feldman Barrett's book: How Emotions Are Made Demo Hume, the empathetic AI voice: https://demo.hume.ai/ 

This AI can read emotions better than you can. It was created by Alan Cowen, the cofounder and CEO of Hume, an AI research lab developing models that can read your face and your voice with uncanny accuracy. Before starting Hume, Alan helped set up Google's research into affective computing and has a Ph.D. in computational psychology from Berkely. Hume's ultimate goal is to build AI models that can optimize for human well-being, and in this episode I sat down with Alan to understand how that might be possible.  We get into: What an emotion actually is Why traditional psychological theories of emotion are inadequate How Hume is able to model human emotions How Hume's API enables developers to build empathetic voice interfaces Applications of the model in customer service, gaming, and therapy Why Hume is designed to optimize for human well-being instead of engagement The ethical concerns around creating an AI that can interpret human emotions The future of psychology as a science  This is a must-watch for anyone interested in the science of emotion and the future of human-AI interactions. If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Timestamps: Dan tells Hume's empathetic AI model a secret: 00:00:00 Introduction: 00:01:13 What traditional psychology tells us about emotions: 00:10:17 Alan's radical approach to studying human emotion: 00:13:46  Methods that Hume's AI model uses to understand emotion: 00:16:46  How the model accounts for individual differences: 00:21:08 Dan's pet theory on why it's been hard to make progress in psychology: 00:27:19 The ways in which Alan thinks Hume can be used: 00:38:12 How Alan is thinking about the API v. consumer product question: 00:41:22 Ethical concerns around developing AI that can interpret human emotion: 00:44:42 Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Alan Cowen: @AlanCowen Hume: @hume_AI; hume.ai If you want to demo Hume: demo.hume.ai The nonprofit associated with Hume: Hume Initiative Lisa Feldman Barrett's book: How Emotions Are Made The TV series based on Paul Ekman's theory of emotion: Lie to Me

Learn how to use philosophy to run your business more effectively. Reid Hoffman thinks a masters in philosophy will help you run your business better than an MBA. Reid is a founder, investor, podcaster, and author. But before he did any of these things, he studied philosophy—and it changed the way he thinks. Studying philosophy trains you to think deeply about truth, human nature, and the meaning of life. It helps you see the big picture and reason through complex problems—invaluable skills for founders grappling with existential questions about their business. I usually bring guests onto my podcast to discuss the actionable ways in which people have incorporated ChatGPT into their lives. But this episode is different.  I sat down with Reid to tackle a deeper question: How is AI changing what it means to be human?  It was honestly one of the most meaningful shows I've recorded yet. We dive into: How philosophy prepares you to be a better founder The importance of interdisciplinary thinking Essentialism v. nominalism in the context of AI How language models are evolving to be more “essentialist” The co-evolution of humans and technology Reid also shares actionable uses of ChatGPT for people who want to think more clearly, like: Input your argument and ask ChatGPT for alternative perspectives Generate custom explanations of complex ideas Leverage ChatGPT as an on-demand research assistant This episode is a must-watch for anyone curious about some of the bigger questions prompted by the rapid development of AI. Thanks again to our sponsor CommandBar, the first AI user assistance platform, for helping make this video possible. https://www.commandbar.com/copilot/ If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share!  Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT here: https://every.ck.page/ultimate-guide-to-prompting-chatgpt. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every: https://every.to/subscribe  Follow him on X: https://twitter.com/danshipper  Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Reid Hoffman: @reidhoffman The podcasts that Reid hosts: Possible (possible.fm) and Masters of Scale (https://mastersofscale.com/) Reid's book: Impromptu The book Reid recommends if you want to be more philosophically inclined: Gödel, Escher, Bach Reid's article in the Atlantic: "Technology Makes Us More Human" The book about why psychology literature is wrong: The WEIRDest People in the World by Joseph Henrich The book about how culture is driving human evolution: The Secrets of Our Success by Joseph Henrich

Seth-Stephens Davidowitz wrote a book in 30 days—and he did it with ChatGPT. Seth is a data scientist, economist, and author who challenged himself to write a book—Who Makes the NBA?—in less than 1 month after realizing how fast he could work by using ChatGPT plugin Advanced Data Analysis. But along the way he discovered something else: Writing with AI wasn't just faster, it was also way more fun. Seth outsourced the boring parts of data analysis—like cleaning data, merging files, and looking up code snippets—to AI. This left him to focus on what he loves: thinking up questions to ask the dataset. In a world where AI can answer any question humans know the answer to, asking the right questions is becoming increasingly important—a skill Seth isn't just really good at, but also finds joy in. In this episode, Seth walks me through how he used AI to analyze data and write a book in 30 days. We get into: How to create and edit complex charts with AI in seconds Using ChatGPT to brainstorm creative ideas How AI is redefining who can be an artist Why ChatGPT is an excellent tool to get a quick ballpark estimate Developing a sixth sense about when ChatGPT is wrong The power of AI instantly answering hard questions that would normally take months of research We also use ChatGPT to analyze a dataset of Olympic athletes live on the show—in pursuit of finding out which sport I'm best suited for! This episode is a must-watch for anyone curious about data science and how AI is transforming the future of creativity (or who is just a fan of the NBA). If you found this episode interesting, please like, subscribe, comment, and share! Want even more? Sign up for Every to unlock our ultimate guide to prompting ChatGPT. It's usually only for paying subscribers, but you can get it here for free. To hear more from Dan Shipper: Subscribe to Every Follow him on X Links to resources mentioned in the episode: Seth Stephens-Davidowitz: https://twitter.com/SethS_D http://sethsd.com Seth's books: Who Makes the NBA? , Everybody Lies and Don't Trust Your Gut