Podcasts about Calcitonin

40% CHANCE OF DEATH - What would you do if you heard this from your doctor? In this week's podcast episode, we are joined by the force behind The Good Property Company, which has sourced more than 200+ properties, all in Bristol, with a value of over £45 million, at a purchase price of £30 million(before refurb) - SUSANNAH COLE.  And while all her achievements in property are amazing, you'll find Susannah to be even more so as she shares with us her story of how she's beaten not one, not two, but THREE cancers in a span of one year and the lessons she's learned along the way. Productivity hacks & important health lessons whilst building a property business - all this and more in Episode 31. All this and more in Episode 31!! Want to be more proactive about your health but stuck where to start? Here's a list that Susannah has compiled to make your journey a bit easier: Low cost easy to do, easy to organise and available privately UK wide and often on post.  Poo test (fit test) - testing for colon cancer, do 2 in 2 weeks for greater accordance Mammogram for women Blood tests for common cancer markers. CA125, CEA, PSA the most common. Do at least these 3 (PSA is only for men) Full body MRI For smokers, highly suggest doing a CT chest scan   Scientists are still learning about known tumor markers and discovering new tumor markers. Some tumor markers currently used include:   Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for liver cancer Beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for blood cancers Calcitonin for thyroid cancer Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) for ovarian cancer Cancer antigens 15-3 and 27-29 for breast cancer Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for colorectal cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer and others Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for testicular cancer and ovarian cancer Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer   If you find all of this interesting and want to know more, connect with Susannah Cole and The Good Property Company using the links below: Website: https://thegoodpropertycompany.co.uk/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/TheGoodPropertyCompanySusannahCole Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/susannahcoleuk Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/SusannahColeTGPC If you're interested in taking the Wealth Dynamics test but don't know where to start, email us at hi@property-strategy.com Subscribe to our newsletter www.property-strategy.com/insights Visit our website at www.property-strategy.com Connect with Jackie at www.facebook.com/jackietomes1 www.instragram.com/tomesjackie www.linkedin.com/in/jackietomes/

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.30.547257v1?rss=1 Authors: Rahman, S. M., Hauser, C., Faucher, S., Fine, E., Luebke, A. E. Abstract: Motion-induced anxiety and agoraphobia are more frequent symptoms in patients with vestibular migraine than migraine without vertigo. The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a therapeutic target for migraine and vestibular migraine, but the link between motion hypersensitivity, anxiety, and CGRP is relatively unexplored, especially in preclinical mouse models. To further examine this link, we tested the effects of systemic CGRP and off-vertical axis rotation (OVAR) on elevated plus maze (EPM) and rotarod performance in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Rotarod ability was assessed using two different dowel diameters: mouse dowel (r = 1.5 cm) versus rat dowel (r = 3.5 cm). EPM results indicate CGRP increased anxiety indexes and time spent in the closed arms in females but not males, while OVAR increased anxiety indexes and time spent in the closed arms in both sexes. The combination of CGRP and OVAR elicited even greater anxiety-like behavior. On the rotarod, CGRP reduced performance in both sexes on a mouse dowel but had no effect on a rat dowel, whereas OVAR had a significant effect on the rat dowel. Rotarod performance is influenced by dowel diameter, with larger dowels presenting greater challenges on balance function. These results suggest that both CGRP and vestibular stimulation induce anxiety-like behavior and that CGRP affects dynamic balance function in mice depending on the type of challenge presented. Findings highlight the potential translation of anti-CGRP receptor signaling therapeutics for treating motion hypersensitivity and motion-induced anxiety that manifests in vestibular migraine. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.28.546965v1?rss=1 Authors: Rahman, S. M., Hauser, C., Luebke, A. E. Abstract: Aging impacts the vestibular system and contributes to imbalance. In fact, in the elderly balance deficits often precede changes in cognition. However, imbalance research is limited in assessing aging mouse models that are deficient in neuromodulators like Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP). We studied the loss of CGRP and its effects in the aging mouse, namely its effect on both static and dynamic imbalances. In addition, postural sway and rotarod testing were performed before and after a vestibular challenge (VC) in the 129S wildtype and the CGRP (-/-) null mice. Four age groups were tested that correspond to young adulthood, late adulthood, middle age, and senescence in humans. Our results suggest wildtype mice experience a decline in rotarod ability with increased age, while the CGRP (-/-) null mice perform poorly on rotarod early in life and do not improve. Our postural sway study suggests that a vestibular challenge can lead to significantly reduced CoP ellipse areas (freezing behaviors) in older mice, and this change occurs earlier in the CGRP (-/-) null mouse. These results indicate that CGRP is an important component of static and dynamic balance; and that the loss of CGRP can contribute to balance complications that may compound with aging. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.04.18.537143v1?rss=1 Authors: Manolis, D., Hasan, S., Ettelaie, C., Maraveyas, A., O'Brien, D. P., Kessler, B. M., Kramer, H. B., Nikitenko, L. L. Abstract: Background: G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) signalling is implicated in skin-related and cardiovascular diseases, migraine and cancer. However, beyond its agonists and receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), proteins which bind to CLR and define its properties in primary human cells remain insufficiently understood. Aim: We aimed to profile the CLR interactome in primary human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLEC), where this GPCR is expressed. Materials and methods: Immunoprecipitation (IP) of core- and terminally-glycosylated CLR from primary in vitro cultured HDLEC was conducted using rabbit polyclonal anti-human CLR serum (with pre-immune serum serving as a control) and confirmed by immunoblotting. Total HDLEC and co-immunoprecipitated CLR proteomes were analysed by label-free quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Quantitative in-situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) using ZEISS LSM 710 confocal microscope and ZEN Blue 3.0 and Image J software was performed to confirm LC-MS/MS findings. All experiments were repeated at least three times (biological replicates). For statistical analysis of PLA data, distribution was analysed using Shapiro-Wilk normality test followed by an unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney test with a p-value of less than or equal to 0.05 interpreted as significant. For MS data of CLR IP samples, statistical analysis was performed using t-test with a permutation-based false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted p-value of less than or equal to 0.006 interpreted as significant. Results: A total of 4,902 proteins were identified and quantified by LC-MS/MS in primary HDLEC and 46 were co-immunoprecipitated with CLR (p less than 0.006). Direct interaction with the GPCR was confirmed for five of these by PLA (p less than 0.01). Conclusions: This is the first study of its kind to identify novel binding partners of CLR expressed in primary human cells. Our integrative quantitative approach, combining immunoprecipitation of core- and terminally-glycosylated CLR, LC-MS/MS, and PLA, could be applied in a similar fashion to study its interactome in a variety of human cells and tissues, and its contribution to a range of diseases, where the role of this GPCR is implicated. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Recently the Endocrine Society published a new clinical practice guideline entitled, “Treatment of Hypercalcemia of Malignancy in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.” What exactly is hypercalcemia of malignancy? What are its symptoms? How is it treated? And what do the guidelines recommend? To help answer these questions, host Aaron Lohr talks with Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan, MD, MPH, professor of medicine at the American University in Beirut in Lebanon. She is the chair of the Society working group that developed this guideline. Show notes are available at https://www.endocrine.org/podcast/enp68-hypercalcemia-of-malignancy — for helpful links or to hear more podcast episodes, visit https://www.endocrine.org/podcast

Recently the Endocrine Society published a new clinical practice guideline entitled, “Treatment of Hypercalcemia of Malignancy in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.” What exactly is hypercalcemia of malignancy? What are its symptoms? How is it treated? And what do the guidelines recommend? To help answer these questions, host Aaron Lohr talks with Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan, MD, MPH, professor of medicine at the American University in Beirut in Lebanon. She is the chair of the Society working group that developed this guideline. Show notes are available at https://www.endocrine.org/podcast/enp68-hypercalcemia-of-malignancy — for helpful links or to hear more podcast episodes, visit https://www.endocrine.org/podcast

Recently the Endocrine Society published a new clinical practice guideline entitled, “Treatment of Hypercalcemia of Malignancy in Adults: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.” What exactly is hypercalcemia of malignancy? What are its symptoms? How is it treated? And what do the guidelines recommend? To help answer these questions, host Aaron Lohr talks with Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan, MD, MPH, professor of medicine at the American University in Beirut in Lebanon. She is the chair of the Society working group that developed this guideline. For helpful links or to hear more podcast episodes, visit https://www.endocrine.org/podcast

In this episode, we review the high-yield topic of Calcitonin from the Endocrine section. Follow Medbullets on social media: Facebook: www.facebook.com/medbullets Instagram: www.instagram.com/medbulletsofficial Twitter: www.twitter.com/medbullets --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/medbulletsstep1/message

Candler Paige and Ted Price discuss their paper, “A Female-Specific Role for Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in Rodent Pain Models,” published in Vol. 42, Issue 10 of JNeurosci, with Editor-in-Chief Marina Picciotto. Find our upcoming webinar schedule here. With special guests: Candler Paige and Ted Price Hosted by: Marina Picciotto On Neuro Current, we delve into the stories and conversations surrounding research published in the journals of the Society for Neuroscience. Through its publications, JNeurosci, eNeuro, and the History of Neuroscience in Autobiography, SfN promotes discussion, debate, and reflection on the nature of scientific discovery, to advance the understanding of the brain and the nervous system.  Find out more about SfN and connect with us on Twitter, Instagram, and LinkedIn.  

Episode 63: Tumor Markers Basics. George and Harendra discuss with Dr Arreaza the role of tumor markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of different types of cancer.  Introduction: Recent News about COVID-19Written by Hector Arreaza, MD. Participation: George Karaghossian, MS3, and Harendra Ipalawatte, MS3.Before we talk about our topic today, there are three news worth sharing about COVID-19.First, we are all aware of the increased number of patients affected by COVID-19 and increased mortality. Most of the patients who are severely ill or those who require admission are unvaccinated. The cases of breakthrough infections (infections in patients who are fully vaccinated) continues to be rare.Second, CDC has officially recommended COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women (August 11, 2021)[1].  All people 12 years of age and older is recommended to get vaccinated against COVID-19, including pregnant women. There were 2,500 women who received the mRNA vaccine against COVID-19, and there was not an increased risk for miscarriage. Vaccinated pregnant women (or persons) had a miscarriage rate of 13% (similar to the miscarriage average in general population, which is 11-16%).Third, FDA gave an emergency use authorization for a third dose of mRNA vaccines (Pfizer and Moderna) for certain immunocompromised patients (August 12, 2021)[2]. The third dose of the vaccine (it has to be the same vaccine you received) has to be given at least 28 days apart from your last dose. Patients who may receive a third dose include: Patients who are undergoing active treatment for solid tumor and hematologic malignancies, recipients of solid-organ transplant and taking immunosuppressive therapy, moderate or severe primary immunodeficiency (e.g. DiGeorge syndrome, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome), patients with advanced or untreated HIV infection, patient who are taking high-dose corticosteroids (i.e. >20 mg prednisone or equivalent per day) and other immunosuppressive medications. If in doubt, consult our oncologists and rheumatologists.Let's switch gear and introduce the topic for today. Given the high mortality and morbidity of cancer, in general, early detection of cancer is one of the most important goals in primary care. Today George and I will discuss the usefulness, pitfalls and will mention some of the most common tumor makers.This is Rio Bravo qWeek, your weekly dose of knowledge brought to you by the Rio Bravo Family Medicine Residency Program from Bakersfield, California. Our program is affiliated with UCLA, and it's sponsored by Clinica Sierra Vista, Let Us Be Your Healthcare Home. Tumor Markers Basics. By George Karaghossian, MS3, Ross University School of Medicine; Harendra Ipalawatte, MS3, Ross University School of Medicine; and Hector Arreaza, MD.   Introduction:Do you remember how we came up with the idea for this topic? We had a patient with an intraabdominal malignancy which appeared to be from the GI tract vs an adnexal mass. We order tumor markers to assist in the diagnosis of the origin of this malignancy.  Definition: Tumor markers are usually proteins or other substances that are produced by cancer cells or non-cancerous cells. Circulating biomarkers and tissue biomarkers are the two types of tumor markers we utilize to track the course of the tumor's growth. Circulating tumor markers are found in bodily fluids such as blood, urine, and stool. Tissue markers are typically found on the actual cancer cells. These markers can help in the assessment of certain cancers. The downside of tumor markers is that they are not always reliable, and they may not be detected in the early stages of cancer[2].  Characteristics of a good screening test: A good screening test must be capable of detecting a high proportion of disease when patients are asymptomatic, tests should be safe, not excessively expensive, lead to improved health outcomes, be widely available, and interventions after a positive test should also be available. Can tumor markers be used for cancer screening?Tumor markers should not be used as a primary tool for cancer screening because they lack sensitivity and specificity. The most definitive tool for diagnosis of cancer therefore is biopsy, thus tumor markers cannot be used to diagnose cancer. Tumor markers can be done in blood, in urine, and in tissue (biopsy). An example of tumor markers in biopsies are estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). What are tumor markers good for?Tumor markers may be good indicators of response to cancer therapy. When cancer patients are undergoing therapy for treatment of their cancer, we usually track tumor markers to see if there is downward trend over the course of therapy indicating that the therapy is working.  Tumor markers are also a good tool to monitor early relapse of certain malignancies. After treatment, tumor markers may be measured to see if the cancer is returning after treatment. Some tumor markers also assist in deciding which treatment is best. For example, the example I mentioned before ER and PR are tumor markers that can be used to pick the best treatment for certain breast tumors. Pitfalls of tumor markers. A benign disease can raise some tumor marker levels. Some people without cancer can have high levels of a tumor marker. Tumor marker levels can change over time, and levels may be undetectable until cancer gets worse.  Common tumor markers:PSA (Prostate specific antigen): Elevated in prostate cancer, BPH, DRE (recently showed to be questionable for screening). PSA is one of the most controversial tumor markers when it comes to screening for prostate cancer. Although PSA has been shown to be elevated prostate cancers, it has also been shown to be increased in BPH, prostatitis, digital rectal exams as well as post ejaculation. This tumor marker remains controversial in screening because there is an uncertainty about the outcome of localizing such prostate cancers. According to the American Urological Association they suggest that patients should be given an abundant amount of education about PSA, and they should ultimately decide if they would like this marker to be used as a tool for screening for their prostate cancer. PSA was widely used in the past for prostate cancer screening. It was like the “savior” for men who wanted to avoid digital rectal exam. Well, several years later, PSA increased the number of biopsies and even mortality related to prostate cancer diagnostic tests. The IsoPSA may be a better tool, but it is not ready for prime time yet (listen to episode 60). If you find a PSA higher than 4, refer to urology.ALP (alkaline phosphatase): Elevated in metastasis to bone and liver and Paget's disease of the bone. In Paget's disease, you will not be able to use ALP to tell if the patient has bone cancer or just the progression of the disease, but an incidental elevated ALP can prompt you to investigate and come to a diagnosis of Paget's disease after an extensive work up. ALP is also elevated in many other conditions, for example, obstruction of the biliary tree. AFP (alpha feto-protein): Elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, neural tube defects, ataxia telangiectasia, mixed germ cell tumors. Beta-hCG (beta human chorionic gonadotropin): Elevated in hydatidiform mole, testicular cancer, mixed germ cell tumors.After treatment of a molar pregnancy, the patient has regular measurements of hCG until it is undetectable. A rise in hCG may prompt additional treatment or work up because there is an increased risk of choriocarcinoma. CA 19-9 - pancreatic adenocarcinoma.CA 19-9: When we think of this tumor marker our minds tend to think about the possibility of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, this tumor marker is also associated with other malignancies such as biliary tract cancers and esophageal cancer as well. CA 19-9 has less than 1% PPV, but in the case where pancreatic cancer is already diagnosed, screening with CA 19-9 has a positive predictive value of 97%. Also, there is an 80% and 90% sensitivity and specificity respectively for pancreatic cancer, when already diagnosed. CA 125: Elevated in ovarian carcinoma, and malignant ascites. This tumor marker is often associated with epithelial ovarian cancers, often increased when malignancy is present. CA 125 levels are elevated in 85% of women with malignant type ovarian cancer. However, this marker is insensitive to early stages of ovarian cancer and are not very useful. CA 125 has not shown an increase in survival for women with ovarian malignancies. CEA (Carcinoembryonic antigen): Commonly elevated in colon or pancreatic cancers. Less commonly elevated in gastric cancers, breast cancers, medullary thyroid carcinoma, irritable bowel disease, non-small cell lung carcinoma, increased in smokers.[4]CEA is a tumor marker that is overexpressed in adenocarcinomas especially when it comes to colorectal cancers. When we see elevated CEA values, we tend to think colorectal cancer is imminent however, this is one of the tumor markers that are ultimately one of the most nonspecific. CEA is also elevated in cigarette smoking, PUD, IBD, pancreatitis and medullary thyroid cancers. The American Society of clinical oncology recommends that we monitor CEA levels every two to three months for at least two years with patients for surgical candidates with stage II/III colorectal cancers.  Calcitonin: Elevated in medullary thyroid carcinoma, MEN2A/2B. Some doctors may be tempted to measure calcitonin before initiating a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication, these meds are very popular now for diabetes treatment and obesity. Calcitonin measurement is not recommended before starting treatment. Medullary thyroid carcinoma was demonstrated in mice who received GLP-1 RA, not in humans. MEN2 (multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2) and personal and family history of medullary thyroid cancer are contraindications to GLP-1 RA (exenatide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, those meds that end in -tide). As a reminder, all MEN2 presents with pheochromocytoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma. MEN2A, additionally presents with parathyroid hyperplasia, and MEN2B presents with mucocutaneous neuromas, GI symptoms and muscular hypotonia (marfanoid habitus).  Chromogranin A: Elevated in neuroendocrine tumors (insulinoma, glucagonoma, VIPoma) carcinoid tumor, small cell lung cancer. LDH (lactate dehydrogenase): Elevation indicates tumor invasiveness. This is widely used test for many non-malignant conditions as well, for example hemolytic anemias. CYFRA 21-2: Elevated in lung cancer (non-small cell type), squamous cell lung carcinoma (68% sensitivity, 94% specificity).[3] SMRP (serum soluble mesothelin related peptide): Elevated in mesothelioma. NSE (neuron specific enolase): Elevated in small cell lung cancer, carcinoid, neuroblastoma, also released 2/2 brain injuries. Monoclonal immunoglobulins: Elevated in multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. S-100: Elevated in malignant melanoma. B2 microglobulin: Elevated in multiple myeloma, CLL. Final remarks.George: The biggest challenge we face with these biomarkers is the inconsistency of the results which may be influenced by our collection methods and sample storage[4].  The science community has come a long way over the years in assessing these markers and using them to the best of their abilities, however it remains a subject matter that must be further assessed to make sure our research and data does not result in false and misleading outcomes.Arreaza: For now, use tumor markers with responsibility. Discuss with patients the consequences of elevated tumor markers, as you may end up with more questions than answers. But, we have to be fair and also highlight the role of tumor markers in monitoring response to treatment and cancer recurrence. Also, they may be useful (especially the tissue specific markers in identification of cancers and in the decision on treatments). Conclusion: Now we conclude our episode number 63 “Tumor Markers.” Some of the most common markers were discussed. We hope this information will help you decide when to use tumor makers to evaluate your patients. Remembering which conditions cause elevation for each tumor marker is challenging, but with practice and time, you can master the most common ones. Even without trying, every night you go to bed being a little wiser. Comirnaty®: I want to make sure you know about this. The FDA finally gave official approval to the Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine on August 23, 2021. This vaccine now has a brand name: Comirnaty®. It is approved for persons older than 16 years old, however, it continues to be available for children between 12-15 years old. Safety monitoring will continue but so far, this vaccine has a strong evidence of being effective and safe.Thanks for listening to Rio Bravo qWeek. If you have any feedback about this podcast, contact us by email RBresidency@clinicasierravista.org, or visit our website riobravofmrp.org/qweek. This podcast was created with educational purposes only. Visit your primary care physician for additional medical advice. This week we thank Hector Arreaza, Harendra Ipalawatte, and George Karaghossian. Audio edition: Suraj Amrutia. See you next week! _____________________References:New CDC Data: COVID-19 Vaccination Safe for Pregnant People, CDC Online Newsroom, August 11, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/s0811-vaccine-safe-pregnant.html. Talking with Patients Who Are Immunocompromised about an additional dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/clinical-considerations/immunocompromised-patients.html. Perkins GL, Slater ED, Sanders GK, Prichard JG. Serum tumor markers. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Sep 15;68(6):1075-82. PMID: 14524394. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/0915/p1075.html Nagpal M, Singh S, Singh P, Chauhan P, Zaidi MA. Tumor markers: A diagnostic tool. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2016;7(1):17-20. doi:10.4103/0975-5950.196135 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5242068/ Wieskopf Bram, et al, CYFRA 21-1 as a biological marker of non-small cell lung cancer. Chest Journal, Clinical Investigations, vol 108, issue 1, P163-169, July 01, 1995, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.108.1.163. https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(16)38611-1/fulltext#relatedArticles. Schrohl, Anne-Sofie, et al. Tumor Markers, from laboratory to clinical utility. Molecular and Cellular Proteomics. Journal of Oncological Studies, vol 2, issue 6, P378-387. June 01, 2003. https://www.mcponline.org/article/S1535-9476(20)34451-0/fulltext. Tumor Markers in Common Use. National Cancer Institute. National Institutes of Health. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-list.

BOOK YOUR PLACE on our LIVE Online Pilates and Nutrition Workshop (includes a recording) - Flexibility and Food are a Runners Friend. https://sunny-trailblazer-4067.ck.page/cebc1ad414 (BOOK YOUR PLACE) on our next FREE TRAINING: Learn all about our Healthy Woman Healthy Runner Method. We love podcasting but we love being with you LIVE even more so we can't wait to meet you in our ZOOM ROOM!https://sunny-trailblazer-4067.ck.page/cebc1ad414 (BOOK HERE!) Focus on Calcium We all know that calcium is good for our bones, but have you ever considered other ways this mineral may help support your running?  In this episode we delve into the consequences of suboptimal calcium status on running performance with a particular focus on muscle contraction. We also consider some of the risk factors for poor calcium status before highlighting several key dietary strategies to help optimise a daily intake of calcium.      (03:13) Calcium is a mineral that is well known to support bone and teeth. But did you know….. 99% of calcium is found in bone and teeth  A maximum of 35% of ingested calcium is actually absorbed into the body Of the 35% absorbed approx. 50% is excreted via the kidneys Calcium is held in a reservoir within bone, from which the body draws it when required  (07:32) Calcium has many functions within the body including: Regulation of hormonal release  Transmission of nerve impulses Blood clotting But the principle ones a runner would want to focus on include: Bone health Muscle contraction Vasodilation Vitamin D and its metabolism Biosynthesis of ATP (adenosine triphosphate - our energy currency)  (09:11) Muscle Contraction is complex but put simply; each muscle fibre (or muscle cell) is made up of smaller fibres called myofibrils. These myofibrils contain even smaller structures called actin and myosin filaments. It is these filaments (actin and myosin) that slide in and out between each other that form the muscle contraction. Calcium is crucial to activating this muscle contraction cycle. If there is insufficient calcium available then the muscle contraction cycle slows and the muscle becomes fatigued really quickly.   (14:11) The hormones Calcitonin and Parathyroid hormone (PTH) alongside the pro-hormone Vitamin D are very important for maintaining blood serum Calcium balance (homeostasis).  Calcitonin helps build born when there's sufficient calcium available PTH stimulates bone demineralisation when blood calcium levels are low Vitamin D encourages absorption of calcium from the digestive tract when directed by PTH The kidneys are also important in maintaining Calcium balance. When stimulated by PTH, they will increase the reabsorption of Calcium, thus less is excreted.   Calcium plays an important role in the REGULATION of the energy cycle by activating various enzymes to produce ATP and as we know ATP is important within the muscle contraction cycle. (20:00) Thinking about the runner; if calcium levels are insufficient then it could lead to incomplete muscle contraction and early fatiguing of muscle. It may also increase the runner's risk of developing a stress fracture, which could remove them from running for at least 12 weeks to recover.    (23:16) FEMALE FACTORS: It is thought that a low vitamin D and Calcium status could MODESTLY increase the risk of a woman moving into early menopause….so something to bear in mind for all our listeners who are pre-menopause.  A low vitamin D and Calcium status is thought to be associated with female conditions such as PCOS, PMS, and Endometriosis. Studies suggest this may be because the ovaries are a target organ for Active vitamin D3 PLUS Vitamin D3 receptors are found on ALL reproductive tissue. Studies that have supplemented Ca have found a positive correlation in the reduction of early menopause.  Females who are vegetarian or vegan may be...

This episode covers calcitonin!

On this episode, I discuss the pharmacology of calcitonin. Calcitonin has an indication for osteoporosis as well as hypercalcemia. When considering drug interactions with calcitonin, recall that it can lower calcium levels which could have a cumulative effect when combined with loop diuretics. Calcitonin nasal spray should be stored upright and primed prior to use.

Was denken Sie was das am häufigsten verordnete Arzneimittel ist: das Schilddrüsenhormon Thyroxin. Soll ja helfen, wenn man schlapp ist, Haarausfall, friert, sogar das Gewicht soll es ein bisschen senken. Wirklich sinnvoll? Wirklich harmlos? Inhalt: Warum wichtig? Schilddrüse Schilddrüsenhormone Rolle im Stoffwechsel. Überfunktion/Hyperthyreose Unterfunktion/Hypothyreose Unstrittige Gabe von L-Thyroxin Nach OP Autoimmunentzündung = Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis Schwangerschaft Vorsicht: Wann und wie einnehmen? Morgens Wechselwirkungen Mit Lebensmitteln Mit Arzneimitteln Latente Hypothyreose Wie kommt es zur “Diagnose” Dr. Google Routine-Check Motivation zu behandeln Evidenz Erfundene Erkrankung? Umstrittene TSH Grenzwerte? → Interview Interviewgast 1. Wie kommen wir in Kontakt // 2. Meine Bitte an Sie: // Pharma-Song: // Zusammenfassung: Nächste Woche: Belege Warum wichtig?Schilddrüse ist im D-sprachigen Raum der meist gegoogelte Begriff im Bereich Medizin. SchilddrüseVor dem Kehlkopf, Schmetterlings-förmig. Bildet u.a. Schilddrüsenhormone und Calcitonin. Reguliert durch Hirnanhangsdrüse (Hypophyse): TSH, das Schilddrüse-Stimulierendes Hormon. Aus (Livingston 2019) SchilddrüsenhormoneJod eingebaut T4 Thyroxin, Hauptprodukt, stabiler, längere HWZ (besser steuerbar) T3 Triiodthyronin, 80% aus T4 (Deiodierung), wirksame Form.  Das als Medikament zugeführte L-Thyroxin wird im Organismus ebenfalls in T3 umgewandelt. Der Körper kann nicht zwischen exogenem und endogenem T3/T4 unterscheiden. Die Rezeptoren für die Schilddrüsenhormone sind hauptsächlich in den Zellkernen, steigern die Expression verschiedener Gene, eine ganze Reihe von Proteinen vermehrt gebildet. Weitreichende Wirkung, langsam einsetzend und lang anhaltend. Wenn sinnvoll, dauert es Wochen-Monate, bis passende Wirkstärke gefunden. Rolle im Stoffwechsel. Einfluss auf Muskeln, Fettabbau, Leber und Herz Wachstum Wachstum des Neugeborenen und die Entwicklung von Zellen insbesondere des zentralen Nervensystems (Gehirn und Rückenmark) Verstärkte Erregbarkeit von Nerven-Zellen.  Erhöhen der Herzfrequenz und des Blutdrucks steigern die Aktivität von Schweiß- und Talgdrüsen der Haut, steigern Darm-Aktivität, Zucker-, Fett- und Bindegewebsstoffwechsel gesteigert Energieverbrauch und der Grundumsatz erhöht, Anstiegs der Körpertemperatur. Überfunktion/HyperthyreoseGewichtsverlust,  Schwitzen,  Nervosität, Zittern Durchfall und  beschleunigter Puls, Herzrhythmusstörungen. Osteoporose Die Hamburger-Thyreotoxikose durch Fleisch under Halsregion von Schlachttieren zu Hamburgern oder Wurst zu verarbeiten. Mehrere schwere Vergiftungen. Seit 1987 nicht mehr. (Hedberg et al. 1987) Unterfunktion/HypothyreoseGewichtszunahme,  Frieren Abgeschlagenheit Gedächtnisschwäche depressive Verstimmungen Haarausfall Verstopfung Unstrittige Gabe von L-ThyroxinNach OPAutoimmunentzündung = Hashimoto-ThyreoiditisAb TSH von 6 mU/l + positiver Antikörpertest gg thyreodiale Peroxidase (TPO) Sonst ab 10 SchwangerschaftDurch den erhöhten Östrogen-Spiegel kann Bedarf an Thyroxin steigen. Vorsicht:Menschen mit Herz-Kreislauf-Krankheiten (koronare Herzkrankheit, Bluthochdruck, Herzrhythmusstörungen, Herzschwäche) oder Epilepsie sehr vorsichtig. Wann und wie einnehmen?MorgensOptimale Resorption bei sauren Magen-pH; daher morgens 30 Minuten vor dem Frühstück.  Am besten mit einem Glas Wasser. WechselwirkungenMit LebensmittelnNicht mit anderen Getränken, Kaffee oder Milch.  Espresso und Ballaststoffe binden T4, hemmen Aufnahme. Mit ArzneimittelnAmiodaron, bei Herzrhythmus-Störungen Lithium Dopaminantagonisten bei  Übelkeit und Erbrechen und zur Förderung der Verdauung: Metoclopramid, Domperidon Psychische Erkrankungen: Sulpirid → Medikationsplan in der Apotheke Latente HypothyreoseWie kommt es zur “Diagnose”Dr. GoogleLaienpresse und Foren Listen mit Allerweltssymptomen, die von der Schilddrüse herrühr...

Talk to a Dr. Berg Keto Consultant today and get the help you need on your journey (free consultation). Call 1-540-299-1557 with your questions about Keto, Intermittent Fasting, or the use of Dr. Berg products. Consultants are available Monday through Friday from 8:30 am to 9 pm EST. Saturday & Sunday 9 am to 5 pm EST. USA Only. Take Dr. Berg's Free Keto Mini-Course! Research: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti... You may also want to research Armour Thyroid. In this podcast, someone had a question related to not having a thyroid and wanted my opinion on if there are long-term thyroidectomy complications. I also go over calcitonin and the importance of this hormone when you have your thyroid removed. Dr. Eric Berg DC Bio: Dr. Berg, 51 years of age is a chiropractor who specializes in weight loss through nutritional & natural methods. His private practice is located in Alexandria, Virginia. His clients include senior officials in the U.S. government & the Justice Department, ambassadors, medical doctors, high-level executives of prominent corporations, scientists, engineers, professors, and other clients from all walks of life. He is the author of The 7 Principles of Fat Burning. FACEBOOK: fb.me/DrEricBerg?utm_source=Podcast TWITTER: http://twitter.com/DrBergDC?utm_source=Podcast YOUTUBE: http://www.youtube.com/user/drericberg123?utm_source=Podcast DR. BERG'S SHOP: https://shop.drberg.com/?utm_source=Podcast MESSENGER: https://www.messenger.com/t/drericberg?utm_source=Podcast DR. BERG'S VIDEO BLOG: https://www.drberg.com/blog?utm_source=Podcast

Calcitonin gene-related peptide, or CGRP, is a neuropeptide found all over the body. Dr. Larry Newman and his guests, Dr. Stewart Tepper, Dr. Amaal Starling and Dr. David Dodick, discuss how CGRP and CGRP receptors behave during migraine attacks and the treatments available.

Infection or not infection? That is the question. Join us today to know all about procalcitonin.

Session 27 A patient with a history of arrhythmia is found to have atrial amyloid deposition on autopsy. Do you know what peptide is associated with this finding? Dr. Karen Shackelford joins us for another round of interesting questions to help you ace your boards. If you haven’t yet, check out BoardVitals and use the promo code BOARDROUNDS to save 15% off. Listen to this podcast episode with the player above, or keep reading for the highlights and takeaway points. [02:14] Question of the Week The autopsy of the patient with a history of arrhythmia revealed amyloid deposition in the atria but no other amyloid was found in the ventricles. Which of the following peptides is associated with amyloid deposition in the atria? And what is that peptide's function? (A) Calcitonin and reduction of blood calcium concentration (B) Prolactin and gastric emptying (C) Acetylcholine and positive chronotropy to sinoatrial node (D) Immunoglobulin and cell-mediated immune response (E) Atrial natriuretic peptide and vasodilation [Related episode: Cardiac Electrophysiology—What is it?] [03:15] Thought Process Behind the Correct Answer The correct answer is E. An amyloid is a group of diverse extracellular proteins in variable amino acid sequences and they have common physical properties. Amyloid deposition and the extracellular deposition of the fibrils are composed of the subunit of varied serum proteins that form beta-pleated sheet configurations that lead to the histologic changes seen in amyloidosis. Isolated amyloidosis is found only in a single organ such as this cardiac amyloidosis. Alpha-atrial natriuretic peptide is responsible for deposition in this isolated cardiac amyloidosis. This is what's responsible for amyloid deposition in part. The incidence appears to be maybe part of the normal process of aging. In one autopsy series, 86% of the patients between the age of 81 and 90 had isolated atrial amyloidosis. It may lead to heart failure. Although diuretics are commonly given to patients with heart failure due to cardiac amyloidosis, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and ace inhibitors may be harmful. [05:55] Understanding the Wrong Answer Choices Calcitonin is associated with isolated amyloidosis of the thyroid. Prolactin is associated with lactation found in amyloidosis that is isolated to the pituitary gland. Acetylcholine is the negative chronotropic sinoatrial node in the right vagus nerve. The stimulation of the nerve decreases the firing of the SA nodes, increasing potassium and decreasing sodium and calcium movement to the cell. Finally, immunoglobulin amyloid deposition is widespread and it's the result of its light chain immunoglobulin deposition. The point of the question was that isolated amyloidosis can affect many particular organs. This is different from more widespread amyloidosis related to immunoglobulin in terms of ideology and distribution. [07:10] The Big Takeaway Amyloid is not just that atrial natriuretic factor but you have to ask yourself where is it is as you're reading this question. Is it in the parathyroid for prolactin or widespread for the immunoglobulin or is it in the atrium for the atrial natriuretic peptide? [08:11] BoardVitals Check out BoardVitals for their Step 1 and Level 1 QBanks. Use the promo code BOARDROUNDS to save 15% off. This can be used for your SHELF exam QBanks as well. Links: BoardVitals

Ludwig H. Lin, MD, and Philipp Schuetz, MD, discuss procalcitonin and how it impacts treatment of sepsis.

Ludwig H. Lin, MD, and Philipp Schuetz, MD, discuss procalcitonin and how it impacts treatment of sepsis.

Welcome to The Nutritional Pearls Podcast! Focusing on topics that include digestion, adrenal fatigue, leaky gut, supplementation, electrolytes, stomach acid, and so much more, “The Nutritional Pearls Podcast” features Christine Moore, NTP and is hosted by Jimmy Moore, host of the longest running nutritional podcast on the Internet.  Sharing nuggets of wisdom from Christine's training as a Nutritional Therapy Practitioner and Jimmy's years of podcasting and authoring international bestselling health and nutrition books, they will feature a new topic of interest and fascination in the world of nutritional health each Monday. Listen in today as Christine and Jimmy talk all about the endocrine system in Episode 15. Here's what Christine and Jimmy talked about in Episode 15: 1. What is the Endocrine System? The collection of glands that produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things. 2. Definition of hormones: Regulatory substances produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids such as blood to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action. 3. Glands of the endocrine system and the minerals they depend on: A. Hypothalamus: Located in the brain, this is the part of the brain that controls the endocrine system. Think of it as a control center. It links the nervous system to the endocrine system through the Pituitary Gland. It releases at least 7 to 8 hormones that control the Pituitary Gland. The hypothalamus needs chromium for good health. 1. Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone (TRH)-a releasing hormone produced by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone or TSH) and prolactin from the pituitary gland. 2. Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone (GnRH)-signals the pituitary gland to create two hormones called leutenizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 3. Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone (GHRH)-stimulates the pituitary gland to produce and release growth hormone into the bloodstream. Once growth hormone is releases into the blood, it has an affect on just about every tissue of the body to control metabolism and growth. 4. Corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH)-Its main function is to stimulate the pituitary gland to produce Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) 5. Somatostatin - it regulates the secretion of hormones coming from the pituitary gland, including growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone. It also inhibits the secretion of pancreatic hormones which include Glucagon and Insulin 6. Dopamine - this functions as a neurotransmitter which is a chemical released by neurons or nerve cells to send signals to other nerve cells. The brain has many distinct dopamine pathways and one of these pathways plays a big role in reward-motivated behavior. B. The Pituitary Gland: Located in the brain, it has also been described as the “master gland” because it secretes hormones that control other endocrine glands. It needs manganese for good health 1. Oxytocin-controls key aspects of the reproductive system and some aspects of human behavior 2. Prolactin-hormone that helps women produce milk after childbirth and it's important to both male and female reproductive health 3. Leutenizing Hormone-triggers ovulation and stimulates the production of testosterone 4. Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH)-tells your kidneys how much water to conserve; it also constantly regulates and balances the amount of water in your blood 5. Human Growth Hormone (HGH)-encourages growth in children and adolescents, helps to regulate body composition as well as bodily fluids and muscle and bone growth, helps regulate sugar and fat metabolism, and it possibly helps with heart function C. The Pineal Gland also known as the Third Eye: This gland is also in the brain and it produces melatonin which helps with circadian rhythm. It is also known as the Third Eye because the Third Eye chakra in the Hindu system is located in the center of the forehead which is near the pineal gland. It depends on iodine and boron for good health. D. The Thyroid Gland: It depends on iodine and tyrosine. It is located in the front of the neck just below the Adams apple and is considered to be one of the major glands in the regulation of metabolism. It produces: 1. thyroxine (T4) which gets converted to its active form, triiodothyronine (T3) with the help of selenium. T3 controls basil metabolic rate 2. Calcitonin-responsible for the uptake of calcium to the bone E. The Parathyroid Gland: It's located in the neck behind the thyroid and produces parathormone or PTH which is associated with the growth of muscle and bone and distribution of calcium and phosphate in the body. It depends on calcium for good health. F. The thymus: The thymus lays across the trachea and bronchi in the upper thorax. It produces thymosin which triggers the immune system by activating the T-Cells and T-Lymphocytes which are white blood cells associated with antibody production. The thymus needs zinc for good health. G. The pancreas: It lies behind the stomach and needs chromium for good health. The pancreas produces: 1. Insulin by the Beta Cells which is responsible for the conversion of glucose to glycogen, shuttling glucose into the cells, and the conversion of excess glucose to fat 2. Glucagon by the Alpha Cells which is responsible for the conversion of glycogen to glucose H. The adrenal glands: They are on top of the kidneys and they rely on copper for good health. They produce: 1. Adrenalin which prepares the body for fight or flight 2. noradrenalin-which has similar effects to adrenalin 3. corticosteroids that include cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone I. The ovaries: They are located in the lower abdomen and they rely on selenium for good health. They produce: 1. Estrogen which is responsible for the break-down of the uterus wall 2. progesterone which builds up and maintains the uterus wall for embedding of fertilized egg and is also associated with body hair, breast enlargement, and physical changes in the body J. The testes: They're located outside the pelvic cavity and produce testosterone which is responsible for the development and function of male sex organs and is associated with body hair, muscle development, and voice change. They rely heavily on selenium for good health. K. The prostate: It's about the size of a walnut located between the bladder and the penis. It produces prostate-specific antigen (PSA) which help keep the sperm in liquid form. The prostate relies on zinc for good health. 4. People with different endocrine issues carry weight on specific parts of the body A. If someone has adrenal gland problems through prolonged stress, cortisol is released and stores fat around the most vital organs which are in your midsection. Thus, a person with adrenal issues will carry more weight around their midsection. B. People with thyroid issues tend to carry weight all over since the thyroid controls the metabolism in all of your cells. C. For people with problems with their ovaries, they will tend to carry extra weight around their hips and lower stomach area. D. If a person has liver problems, they will tend to carry extra weight around their body but have thin legs 5. Blood sugar imbalances mess up the entire endocrine system because not only are the pancreas, liver, and adrenal glands all necessary for blood sugar regulation but they are also heavily involved in the endocrine system. Nutritional Pearl for Episode 15: It is very important to make sure blood sugar levels are normalized and under control before addressing any endocrine problem you have because blood sugar imbalances disrupt the entire endocrine system. BECOME A NUTRITIONAL THERAPY PRACTITIONER Sign up for the 9-month program NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE: Paid sponsorship YOUR NEW KETO DIET ALLY NOTICE OF DISCLOSURE: Paid sponsorship LINKS MENTIONED IN EPISODE 15 – SUPPORT OUR SPONSOR: Complete nutriton for nutritional ketosis (COUPON CODE LLVLC FOR 10% OFF YOUR FIRST ORDER) – SUPPORT OUR SPONSOR: Become A Nutritional Therapy Practitioner – NutritionalTherapy.com

In this episode, I discuss the physiologic interactions of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphate. Calcitonin gets a shout-out too. Enjoy! The Med School Phys podcast discusses topics in human physiology. Our primary aim is to help medical students learn/review high yield material for their classes and board exams. Hopefully listeners find that this alternative audio-based learning format works for them. This podcast is intended to be educational and all the information shared herein is publicly available through the internet. Med School Phys is an independent project and currently shares no affiliation with other organizations, companies, or academic institutions.-You can email me questions or constructive feedback at medschoolphys@gmail.com -Check out my book, Read This Before Medical School: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07YCXZM3X/ref=docs-os-doi_0 -Episode transcriptions can be found at: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/12QQSFho-ThIIeZuulsblGSnnNL8oJ7ag?usp=sharingDISCLAIMER: All information, content, and materials published by the Med School Phys podcast are for informational purposes only and are NOT intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified healthcare provider. Please consult your healthcare provider regarding personal medical decisions.

In this episode, I discuss the physiologic interactions of vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphate. Calcitonin gets a shout-out too. Enjoy! The Med School Phys podcast discusses topics in human physiology. Our primary aim is to help medical students learn/review high yield material for their classes and board exams. Hopefully listeners find that this alternative audio-based learning format works for them. This podcast is intended to be educational and all the information shared herein is publicly available through the internet. Med School Phys is an independent project and currently shares no affiliation with other organizations, companies, or academic institutions.You can email me questions or constructive feedback at medschoolphys@gmail.comYou can share a link to our episodes via Spreaker or encourage others to listen on their podcasting app of choice: https://www.spreaker.com/user/medschoolphysFind our Youtube channel at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXEEgC1JZysYsKy9NRYisEQEpisode transcriptions can be found at: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/12QQSFho-ThIIeZuulsblGSnnNL8oJ7ag?usp=sharingDISCLAIMER: All information, content, and materials published by the Med School Phys podcast are for informational purposes only and are NOT intended to serve as a substitute for the consultation, diagnosis, and/or medical treatment of a qualified healthcare provider. Please consult your healthcare provider regarding personal medical decisions.

Adventures of a Pus Whisperer.

Bisher wird in der Literatur keine standardisierte tierexperimentelle Methode beschrieben, mit der in der Frühphase der Knochenheilung ausreichend interfragmentäres Gewebevolumen für die histologische, biochemische oder immunocytochemische Analyse gewonnen werden kann. Es wird ein entsprechend variiertes Distanzosteosynthesemodell vorgestellt, das aus dem Frakturbereich der Kaninchentibia ausreichend Gewebe für differenzierte Analysen liefert. Mit guter Vaskularität, hoher Knochenappositionsrate sowie schneller Zellproliferation und –differenzierung scheint der Kaninchenknochen für relativ begrenzte Untersuchungszeiträume und für Fragestellungen zur Frühphase der Knochenheilung besonders geeignet. Untersuchungen an diesem Modell zum qualitativen und quantitativen Nachweis unterschiedlicher Zellen im interfragmentären Raum zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten der Frakturheilung werden beschrieben, besondes berücksichtigt dabei neuropeptidpositive Nervenfasern, vor allem das Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Daten und Fakten zu Vorkommen, Verteilung, Struktur, Sequenz und Biochemie des Peptids, wie sie die aktuelle internationale Literatur dokumentiert, ergänzen den experimentellen Teil der Arbeit. An der Tibia von insgesamt 30 Tieren wurde – in einem standardisierten operativen Verfahren – ein definierter interfragmentärer Raum geschaffen. Nach Ablauf des vorgesehenen Beobachtungszeitraumes erfolgte die Tötung der Tiere vor Entnahme des jeweiligen Präparates. Nach Freilegen der Osteosynthese wurde im interfragmentären Raum ein definiertes 3mm dickes zylinderförmiges Segment entnommen und fixiert; außerdem wurden jeweils osteotomienah und –fern zwei weitere Gewebeproben aus dem Markraum der Tibia isoliert. Die anschließenden Untersuchungen im gewonnenen Material umfaßten mikroskopische Analysen der Morphologie von Hämatom, Fibringerüst, Granulationsgewebe während unterschiedlicher Phasen der Frakturheilung, die immunocytochemische Darstellung neuropeptidpositiver Fasern und mikroskopische qualitative und quantitative Analysen neuropeptidpositiver Fasern zu den gewählten Zeitpunkten. Bei den nach 5 Tagen getöteten Tieren fanden sich in den untersuchten Präparaten vor allem ein konsolidiertes Frakturhämatom. Ein feines Fibrinnetz war in den Randgebieten des interfragmentären Raumes zu sehen. Gefäßlakunen, Kapillaren und Mineralisationsinseln waren nicht erkennbar. In der zweiten Tiergruppe konnte gezeigt werden, daß nach 10 Tagen der Abbau schollig zerfallener Erythrozyten durch Phagozyten weiter vorangeschritten war; Der Zellgehalt verringerte sich insgesamt zugunsten einer beginnenden Faserbildung. Das Fibrinnetz hatte weiter zugenommen und zeigte vereinzelt Septen; Am 15. Tag postop. war das Fibrinnetz nicht mehr erkennbar, stattdessen neu entstandenes Bindegewebe, Gefäßstrukturen und vereinzelte Mineralisations-inseln. Perivaskulär, an den Gefäßsinusoiden und begleitend zu Precursorzell-ansammlungen ließen sich frühestens am 10. und spätestens am 15. Tag nach der Osteotomie mit Hilfe immunocytochemischer Verfahren neuropeptidpositive Fasern nachweisen. In diesen Untersuchungen konnte CGRP im Gegensatz zu bisher durchgeführten Versuchen unterschiedlicher Autoren erstmals schon in der Frühphase der Frakturheilung nachweisen werden. Dies ist von besonderer Bedeutung, da die Innnervation des Knochens ein hochentwickeltes regulatorisches Element repräsentiert, das sowohl lokale Anforderungen registriert wie auch durch Freisetzung aktiver Neuropeptide den gesamten Knochenstoffwechsel unmittelbar beeinflußt. Wie aus früheren Studien hervorgeht, sind Neuropeptide dort zahlreich vorhanden, wo hohe Knochenstoffwechselraten zu verzeichnen sind. Außerdem sind sie häufig in unmittelbarer Nähe von Blutgefäßen konzentriert. Die Beobachtung, daß CGRP während der frühen Frakturheilung hauptsächlich in der Nähe von Blutgefäßen auftritt, legt den Schluß nahe, daß es durch seine bekannten vasodilatierenden Eigenschaften den Blutfluß in die verletzte Region verstärkt und so die Knochenheilung unterstützt. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zeigen, daß neurale Einflüsse auf den Knochen von Neuropeptiden vermittelt werden. Wie alle regulativen Proteine und Faktoren agieren Neuropeptide über Second-messenger-Systeme und können auch in niedrigen Konzentrationen das Remodeling beeinflussen. Durch ihre sensorische Funktion nehmen Nervenfasern mechanische Ansprüche wahr und setzen im weiteren Verlauf Neuropeptide frei. Sie sind in der Lage, die Lücke zwischen systemischen und primär lokalen regulativen Elementen zu füllen. Grundsätzlich ist die Selbstheilung des Knochens durch die Größe des Defekts limitiert. Meist sind chirugische Interventionen nötig und die unterschiedlichsten Hilfsmittel unumgänglich. In jüngster Zeit sind v.a. Knochenersatzmaterialien von zunehmender Bedeutung. Ihre Zukunft scheint in der Entwicklung osteoinduktiver Implantate zu liegen. Auch unter diesem Aspekt gewinnt unser Distanzosteosynthesemodell besondere Bedeutung. Der große interfragmentäre Raum bietet optimale Bedingungen für gezielte Untersuchungen, die zur Weiterentwicklung von Knochen-ersatzmaterialien führen können.

Background/Aims: Pharmacological and morphological studies suggest that the gut mucosal immune system and local neuropeptide-containing neurones interact. We aimed to determine whether gut immune cells are targets for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which has potent immune regulatory properties. Methods: Using density gradient centrifugation, rat lamina propria mononuclear cells (LP-MNCs) and intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were isolated. RT-PCR was employed for the detection of mRNA of rat calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR), which is considered to represent the pharmacologically defined CGRP receptor-1 subtype, as well as mRNA of the receptor activity-modifying proteins, which are essential for CRLR function and determine ligand specificity. A radioreceptor assay was employed for the detection of specific CGRP binding sites. Results: RT-PCR and DNA sequencing showed that LP-MNCs and IELs express CRLR. Incubation of isolated LP-MNCs with radiolabelled alphaCGRP revealed the existence of specific binding sites for CGRP. Conclusion: These novel data indicate that mucosal immune cells of the rat gut are a target for CGRP and provide significant evidence that CGRP functions as an immune regulator in the gut mucosa. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Sat, 1 Jan 1994 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10326/1/10326.pdf Jonas, Udo; Stief, Christian Georg; Djamilian, Mohamad H.; Kuczyk, M.; Thon, Walter F.; Becker, Armin J.; Truss, Michael C.

Thu, 1 Apr 1993 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9514/1/stief_christian_9514.pdf Tanagho, Emil A.; Lue, Tom F.; Wetterauer, Ulrich; Bosch, Ruud J. L. H.; Bénard, Francois; Stief, Christian Georg ddc:610, Medizin

Fri, 1 Jan 1993 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9821/1/9821.pdf Jonas, Udo; Kuczyk, M.; Stief, Christian Georg; Djamilian, Mohamad H.

Mon, 1 Jan 1990 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9371/1/9371.pdf Tanagho, Emil A.; Lue, Tom F.; Aboseif, Sherif R.; Bosch, Ruud J. L. H.; Bénard, Francois; Stief, Christian Georg

Mon, 1 Jan 1979 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8319/1/8319.pdf Scriba, Peter Christian; Stalla, G.; Müller, O. A.; Wood, W. G. ddc:610, Medizin

Sat, 1 Jan 1977 12:00:00 +0100 https://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/9248/1/9248.pdf Scriba, Peter Christian; Ziegler, R.; Landgraf, R.; Müller, O. A.