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The Pacific War - week by week
- 187 - Pacific War Podcast - Victory at Okinawa - June 17 - 24, 1945

The Pacific War - week by week

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 17, 2025 37:05


Last time we spoke about the North Borneo Offensive. General Buckner's 10th Army captured strategic locations, including Shuri Castle, marking a turning point. Simultaneously, General Eichelberger's forces liberated Mindanao, overcoming tough Japanese defenses in the mountainous terrain. As they approached Malaybalay, fierce resistance resulted in heavy casualties, but the Americans persisted, inflicting significant losses on their foes. By June 9, the Americans pressed further into the enemy's defensive lines, leading to intense combat. The Marines landed on the Oroku Peninsula, where fierce fighting revealed the tenacity of the Japanese defenders. General Ushijima prepared for a final stand, as American forces began to encircle and dismantle Japanese positions. As the campaign unfolded, Australians under Brigadier Whitehead launched the North Borneo Offensive, landing on Tarakan and swiftly pushing the Japanese into the rugged interior.  This episode is Victory at Okinawa Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  Okinawa was more than just a battlefield; it became a symbol of sacrifice, the last heroic stand of a fading empire. By this point in the war, Japan was facing inevitable defeat, yet their resolve remained unbroken. They clung to the samurai spirit, determined to fight to the bitter end out of honor and duty. The stakes were high. Japan needed precious time to fortify its home islands, to stretch the conflict as long as possible. To achieve this, over 100,000 brave souls were sent into the fray, sacrificing their lives to slow the American advance and inflict as many casualties as they could. As we've explored in previous episodes, this fierce determination fueled their resistance. And now, we stand at a pivotal moment, the final days of the Battle of Okinawa, the last major confrontation of the Pacific War. As we last left the battlefield, it was June 16, General Buckner's 10th Army had made significant strides, capturing most of southern Okinawa and finally breaking through the last major enemy defenses at the Yaeju Dake-Yuza Dake Escarpment. The remnants of General Ushijima's 32nd Army were now locked in a desperate fight to hold onto the Kiyamu Peninsula, slowly being pushed back toward the sea and their ultimate demise. The following day, June 17, the assault continued with renewed determination. General Geiger's 3rd Amphibious Corps pressed on through Kunishi Ridge, while General Hodge's 24th Corps worked to consolidate its hard-won gains in the escarpment. On the west coast, General Shepherd's 6th Marine Division took action as Colonel Roberts' 22nd Marines stepped in to relieve the weary 2nd Battalion, 7th Marines at the northern slope of Mezado Ridge. With a fierce spirit, they began to push southward, successfully securing most of the ridge. To the east, General Del Valle's 1st Marine Division forged ahead. Colonel Snedeker's fresh 3rd Battalion took over from the exhausted 1st Battalion and advanced 1,400 yards to seize the high ground just east of Mezado. Meanwhile, the 2nd Battalion, 5th Marines fought hard to capture the remaining positions of Kunishi Ridge, achieving only a gradual extension to the east. Colonel Griebel's 3rd Battalion moved in behind them to reinforce the isolated Marines, bravely fending off a fierce counterattack under the cover of night. Further east, Colonel Dill's 382nd Regiment systematically eliminated the last enemy positions in the Yuza-Ozato-Yuza Dake area, while Colonel Halloran's 381st Regiment held firm and maintained their lines. In a key maneuver, Colonel Pachler's 17th Regiment launched a successful assault, capturing Hill 153 before Colonel Green's 184th Regiment took over during the night. Lastly, Colonel Finn's 32nd Regiment secured the reverse slopes of Hill 115, preparing to launch an attack on Mabuni and Hill 89. By nightfall, Hodge's 24th Corps had firmly secured all the commanding heights of the Yaeju Dake-Yuza Dake Escarpment. Most of Mezado Ridge and Kunishi Ridge were now in American hands, and Colonel Wallace's 8th Marines had landed in the rear to bolster the western push. For the first time, American forces across the line looked down upon nearly eight square miles of enemy-held territory, a staggering view of what lay ahead. Realizing they were forced from their last defensive positions and that their destruction was imminent, the 32nd Army began to unravel, collapsing into chaos. On June 18, Hodge's troops seized the opportunity to strike decisively. The 32nd Regiment advanced down the coast toward Mabuni, facing increasing resistance. The 184th Regiment moved down the reverse slopes of Hill 153, closing in on Medeera, while the 381st Regiment speedily crossed the plateau, tackling scattered enemy fire to seize the high ground just 400 yards north of Medeera. Simultaneously, Dill's 3rd Battalion crashed through a rugged maze of caves and pillboxes, making a daring 600-yard advance to the base of the rocky ridge north of Aragachi. To the west, Griebel's 1st Battalion circled the eastern end of Kunishi Ridge, battling heavy resistance to gain the lower slopes of Hill 79. Further west, Roberts' 2nd Battalion pushed through the 3rd and aimed for Kuwanga Ridge, successfully seizing an 1,800-yard stretch by late afternoon. As they advanced, the 3rd Battalion, 4th Marines moved forward to occupy the eastern end of the ridge. Meanwhile, the remainder of the 22nd Marines began to mop up the remnants of resistance on Mezado Ridge. Tragedy struck when Colonel Roberts was tragically killed by a sniper near his observation post during this operation. Lieutenant-Colonel August Larson would succeed him in command. Sadly, Roberts would not be the only American commander to fall that day. In the heart of the Marine line, the 8th Marines were finally called into action in the morning to relieve the weary 7th Marines. After a rigorous artillery bombardment to soften up the enemy defenses, Wallace's 2nd Battalion began its advance south toward the Kuwanga-Makabe Road, successfully capturing the high ground just north of the road by late afternoon. Meanwhile, General Buckner decided to visit Wallace's command post on Mezado Ridge around midday. He observed the 8th Marines' steady progress in the valley, taking stock of their relentless push forward. Tragically, as he was leaving the observation post, disaster struck. Five artillery shells rained down, one striking a coral outcrop near him. The jagged shards of coral filled the air, and Buckner was mortally wounded in the chest. He died within minutes, just days shy of achieving his goal: the complete capture of Okinawa. With Buckner's passing, General Geiger, as the senior troop commander, took over temporary command of the 10th Army for the remainder of the battle. Buckner became the highest-ranking American military officer killed in World War II and would hold that somber distinction throughout the entire 20th century. On June 18, the final written order from General Ushijima of the 32nd Army outlined a daring escape plan. He designated an officer to lead the "Blood and Iron Youth Organization," tasked with conducting guerrilla warfare once organized combat had ceased. Simultaneously, he ordered his remaining troops to make their way to the northern mountains of Okinawa, where a small band of guerrillas was rumored to be operating.  In his message he congratulated them on fulfilling their "assigned mission in a manner which leaves nothing to regret." He urged them to "fight to the last and die for the eternal cause of loyalty to the Emperor." This movement was not to happen in haste. Soldiers were instructed to travel in small groups of two to five over the course of several days. They were urged to don civilian clothes and avoid confrontation whenever possible. In a clever stratagem, most of the army staff officers were directed to leave the command post disguised as native Okinawans, aiming to infiltrate American lines and find safety in northern Okinawa. Some individuals, like Colonel Yahara, were entrusted with the mission of reaching Japan to report to the Imperial General Headquarters. Others were tasked with organizing guerrilla operations, focusing on harassing the rear areas of the 10th Army and Island Command, determined to continue the fight against the American forces in any way they could. Again I have read Yahara's book on the battle of Okinawa and despite being full of apologetic stuff and attempts to make himself look better, its one of the most insightful books on the Japanese perspective. You get a lot of information on how bad it was for the Okinawan civilians in caves, harrowing stuff. I highly recommend it. The American attack pressed on into June 19, though it faced delays due to the influx of civilian and military prisoners. Not all of the 32nd Army survivors were imbued with a will "to die for the eternal cause of loyalty to the Emperor." Loudspeakers mounted on tanks in the 7th Division's front lines and on LCI's that cruised up and down the coast line were successful in convincing over 3,000 civilians to surrender. Far more significant, however, were the 106 Japanese soldiers and 238 Boeitai who voluntarily gave up during the division's advance on 19 June. The relentless attack of American troops, coupled with intensive efforts by psychological warfare teams, brought in increasing numbers of battle-weary Japanese and Okinawans who had decided that the war was lost and their cause was hopeless. It is not inconceivable that every enemy soldier who surrendered meant one less American casualty as the wind-up drive of Tenth Army continued. Despite these challenges, the 32nd Regiment advanced to within just 200 yards of the outskirts of Mabuni. Meanwhile, the 184th and 381st Regiments coordinated their efforts, closing in on Medeera from the south and east. The 382nd Regiment pressed forward, overcoming fierce resistance as they reached the ridges overlooking Aragachi. Tragically, General Easley became the third major high-ranking casualty in just two days. The 5th Marines launched multiple assaults on Hills 79 and 81, but their efforts were met with fierce opposition and ended in failure. Wallace's 3rd Battalion, facing only light resistance, captured Ibaru Ridge, the last high ground before the sea, before pushing onward to the coastal cliffs. On the eastern front, Griebel's 3rd Battalion successfully seized Makabe and then joined forces with the 8th Marines to secure the coastal zone. Colonel Shapley's 4th Marines advanced alongside the 8th Marines throughout most of the day but were unable to reach the coast, halted by a formidable enemy position along the Kiyamu-Gusuku hill mass. Further south, Colonel Whaling's 29th Marines passed through the 22nd Marines and moved rapidly, also facing light resistance, reaching the base of the Kiyamu-Gusuku hill mass to link up with the 4th Marines before nightfall. As darkness enveloped the battlefield, Shepherd launched an attack on the hill mass. The 4th Marines successfully seized Hill 80, but they could only establish strong positions on the left flank of Hill 72. The 29th Marines encountered minimal opposition as they swept forward toward the southern coast. Meanwhile, the 5th Marines continued their relentless assaults on Hills 79 and 81, managing to capture most of Hill 79 before losing the crest at the last moment. Their tank-infantry assaults against Hill 81, however, once again ended in defeat. Looking east toward Hodge's front on June 21, the 382nd Regiment cleared out the last remnants in Aragachi, while the 381st Regiment seized the northern outskirts of Medeera. In the dark hours of June 20, the last courier contact was made between the Medeera pocket and the Hill 89 pocket. General Amamiya, commander of the 24th Division, issued a desperate order directing all his units "to fight to the last man in their present positions." At the time he gave this ultimatum, he had very few infantrymen left to defend the Medeera position. The relentless advance of the Marines had nearly annihilated the 22nd and 32nd Regiments, while the 96th Division had decimated the 89th Regiment at Yuza Dake and Aragachi. With their ranks severely depleted, the remaining defenders were a ragtag collection of artillerymen, drivers, corpsmen, engineers, Boeitai, and headquarters personnel drawn from nearly every unit of the L-Day island garrison. Those who managed to avoid surrender or sought to evade capture fought with the fierce determination of fanatics, resolutely defending their positions against overwhelming odds. Meanwhile, Colonel Coolidge's 305th Regiment, engaged in a vigorous mopping-up operation behind the lines of the 96th Division, prepared for an assault on Makabe Ridge. The 184th Regiment managed to secure the hills overlooking Udo, and despite facing fierce resistance from hidden enemy forces in coral outcroppings and caves along the coastal cliffs, the 32nd Regiment fought its way to the eastern slope of Hill 89. Throughout June 21, a series of small local attacks and mopping-up actions occupied most units of the 24th Corps, often interrupted to allow large numbers of civilians and soldiers to surrender. In spite of the bitter and costly resistance, the 32nd Regiment successfully secured Mabuni and advanced up to the tableland atop Hill 89. Coolidge's 1st Battalion launched an assault on the hill south of Medeera behind a heavy mortar barrage, successfully capturing its crest. The 5th Marines completed the capture of Hill 79 and undertook a heavy, costly assault that ultimately led to the capture of Hill 81. The 7th and 8th Marines began the crucial task of flushing out remaining Japanese holdouts, while also dealing with the increasing wave of soldiers and civilians choosing to surrender. The 4th Marines executed a successful double envelopment of Hill 72 that secured the strategic Kiyamu-Gusuku ridge, and the 29th Marines met only very light resistance during their sweep of Ara Saki, the southernmost point of the island. This swift progress and the obvious collapse of major enemy opposition prompted General Geiger to declare that the island of Okinawa was secure and that organized enemy resistance had come to an end. That night, in a tragic turn of events, Generals Ushijima and Cho committed Seppuku in the cave housing their command post.  On the night of June 21, Lieutenant General Ushijima Mitsuru and Lieutenant General Cho Isamu, the commander and chief of staff of the 32nd Army, fulfilled their final obligation to the Emperor in a deeply traditional manner. In accordance with the warrior code of their homeland, they atoned for their inability to halt the American advance by committing Seppuku. On the evening of their planned departure, Ushijima hosted a banquet in the cave that served as their command post, featuring a large meal prepared by his cook, Tetsuo Nakamutam. The banquet was generously complemented with sake and the remaining stock of captured Black & White Scotch whisky provided by Cho. At 03:00 on June 22, both generals, adorned in their full field uniforms decorated with medals, led a small party of aides and staff officers out onto a narrow ledge at the cave entrance, which overlooked the ocean. American soldiers of the 32nd Regiment were stationed less than 100 feet away, completely unaware of the solemn preparations taking place for the suicide ceremony. First, Ushijima bared his abdomen to the ceremonial knife and thrust inward, followed by Cho, who then fell to the ground. As Ushijima made his final act, a simultaneous slash from the headquarters adjutant's saber struck his bowed neck. The two generals were secretly buried immediately after their deaths, their bodies going undiscovered until June 25, when patrols from the 32nd Regiment found them at the foot of the seaward cliff-face of Hill 89. General Cho had penned his own simple epitaph, stating, “22nd day, 6th month, 20th year of the Showa Era. I depart without regret, fear, shame, or obligations. Army Chief of Staff; Army Lieutenant General Cho, Isamu, age of departure 51 years. At this time and place, I hereby certify the foregoing.” Their deaths were witnessed by Colonel Yahara, who was the most senior officer captured by American forces. Yahara had requested Ushijima's permission to commit suicide as well, but the general had refused, saying, "If you die, there will be no one left who knows the truth about the battle of Okinawa. Bear the temporary shame but endure it. This is an order from your army commander." While many die-hard groups continued to fight until annihilation, an unprecedented number of Japanese soldiers, both officers and enlisted men, began to surrender. On that fateful day, Operation Ten-Go's final breaths were marked by the launch of the two-day tenth Kiksui mass attack, which saw only 45 kamikaze aircraft take to the skies. While this desperate attempt succeeded in sinking LSM-59 and damaging the destroyer escort Halloran, as well as the seaplane tenders Curtiss and Kenneth Whiting, the next day would bring even less impact, with only two landing ships sustaining damage during the final attack of the campaign. As communications from the 32nd Army fell silent, a deeply regretful Admiral Ugaki was forced to conclude the grim reality of their situation. He felt “greatly responsible for the calamity” but recognized that there was seemingly no alternative course that might have led to success. Throughout the defense of Okinawa, approximately 6,000 sorties were flown, including at least 1,900 kamikaze missions. However, the losses were staggering, with over 4,000 aircraft lost during these attacks. In contrast, Allied forces suffered the loss of 763 planes in the Okinawa campaign, with 305 of those being operational losses. Since the operation commenced, naval losses for Iceberg totaled an alarming 4,992 sailors dead, with 36 ships sunk and 374 damaged, accounting for 17% of all American naval losses in the Pacific War. Meanwhile, extensive and coordinated mop-up operations in southern Okinawa were essential before the area could be deemed secure for the planned construction of supply depots, airfields, training areas, and port facilities. In response, Colonel Mason's 1st Marines and Colonel Hamilton's 307th Regiment established blocking positions in the hills above the Naha-Yonabaru valley to thwart any Japanese attempts to infiltrate north. On June 22, the four assault divisions that had previously shattered the Kiyamu Peninsula defenses received orders to prepare for a sweeping advance to the north. Their mission was clear: destroy any remaining resistance, blow and seal all caves, bury the dead, and salvage any equipment, both friendly and enemy, left on the battlefield. The following day, General Joseph Stilwell arrived to take command of the 10th Army during the mop-up phase of the campaign. Meanwhile, units from the 1st and 6th Marine Divisions were engaged on the Komesu and Kiyamu-Gusuku Ridges, while the 7th Division probed Hill 89 and Mabuni. In the Medeera pocket, Coolidge's 3rd Battalion successfully seized Hill 85 on June 22. The 96th Division intensified its focus in the Medeera-Aragachi area, with elements of the 381st Regiment mopping up the last holdouts in the ruins of Medeera by June 23. Two days later, after a thorough search of the area south of the Yaeju Dake-Yuza Dake Escarpment, the 10th Army finally initiated its drive northward, with both corps taking responsibility for the ground they had captured in the previous month. On the morning of June 26, the reinforced Fleet Marine Force Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion landed unopposed on Kumejima, marking it as the last and largest of the Okinawa Islands selected for radar and fighter director sites. By the end of June, the mop-up operations in southern Okinawa had resulted in an estimated 8,975 Japanese killed and 3,808 prisoners of war added to the 10th Army's total. Overall, the Americans counted a staggering total of 10,755 prisoners of war and 107,539 Japanese dead, along with an estimated 23,764 believed to be sealed in caves or buried by their comrades. This cumulative casualty figure of 142,058 was "far above a reasonable estimate of military strength on the island," prompting 10th Army intelligence officers to conclude that at least 42,000 civilians had tragically fallen victim to artillery, naval, and air attacks due to their unfortunate proximity to Japanese combat forces and installations. American losses were also substantial, with 7,374 men recorded dead, 31,807 wounded, and 239 missing, in addition to 26,221 non-battle casualties. But now, it's time to leave Okinawa and return to Borneo to continue covering the North Borneo Offensive. As we last observed, by mid-June, General Wootten's 9th Australian Division had successfully executed two major amphibious landings on Brunei Bay. Brigadier Porter's 24th Brigade occupied most of Labuan Island, with the exception of the Pocket, while Brigadier Windeyer's 20th Brigade secured the Brunei area. By June 16, Wootten decided that since the enemy was withdrawing and showing no signs of mounting an attack, he would take control of the high ground stretching from Mempakul and Menumbok to Cape Nosong. This strategic move aimed to prevent the enemy from utilizing the track from Kota Klias to Karukan and to secure beaches for supply points during the planned advance northward. Accordingly, Porter ordered the 2/28th Battalion to reduce the Pocket. The recently landed 2/12th Commando Squadron was tasked with mopping up the outlying areas of the island. Meanwhile, the 2/32nd Battalion began preparing for an amphibious movement to Weston on the mainland east of Labuan, with plans to reconnoiter across country and by river towards Beaufort. The 2/43rd Battalion and the 2/11th Commando Squadron were also set to prepare for an amphibious reconnaissance in the Mempakul area. On June 14, the 2/28th Battalion launched its initial attack against the Pocket, following an artillery barrage. However, they were forced to withdraw in the face of intense machine-gun and mortar fire. In response, the 2/12th Field Regiment took over, bombarding the Pocket for the next six days and nights, hurling a staggering total of 140 tons of shells into it. On June 16, the 2/28th Battalion launched another assault, this time supported by tanks from the north, successfully capturing Lyon Ridge, despite sustaining heavy losses. After several more days of relentless artillery, naval, and air bombardment, the 2/28th launched a final assault on June 21, just as the Japanese attempted to send two raiding parties to infiltrate through the Australian lines and attack Labuan town and its airstrip. Although these raiders managed to catch the confused defenders off guard and inflicted several casualties, they were ultimately dealt with swiftly and without causing significant damage. Meanwhile, with the combined support of tanks and artillery, the 2/28th Battalion attacked the reduced garrison at the Pocket, breaking through Lushington Ridge and Eastman Spur to eliminate the remaining Japanese positions and completely clear the area. By the end of the Battle of Labuan, the Australians had achieved a decisive victory, with 389 Japanese soldiers killed and 11 taken prisoner, while suffering 34 Australian fatalities and 93 wounded. In parallel, following a successful reconnaissance on June 16, the 2/32nd Battalion landed unopposed at Weston on June 17. They quickly secured the area and established a patrol base at Lingkungan. Over the next few days, Australian patrols began probing north towards Bukau, occasionally clashing with Japanese parties. A company from the 2/32nd Battalion also established a patrol base at Gadong up the Padas River, finding no Japanese presence in the surrounding regions. From this position, the Australians were able to patrol along the Padas River in small craft, discovering they could reach Beaufort rapidly using this route, catching the enemy off guard. Meanwhile, on June 19, the 2/43rd Battalion and the 2/11th Independent Company landed unopposed at Mempakul, further solidifying the Australian presence in the area. Two days later, while the commandos worked to clear the Klias Peninsula, the 2/43rd Battalion launched an amphibious expedition up the Klias River. This mission successfully navigated through Singkorap and reached Kota Klias, confirming that Japanese forces were not present in significant strength along the river. As a result, the 2/43rd Battalion set out on June 22 to occupy Kota Klias without encountering any resistance. Given this positive momentum, Brigadier Porter ordered the 2/28th Battalion to take over operations from the 2/32nd Battalion in and around Weston. At the same time, the 2/43rd Battalion was tasked with marching through Kandu to attack Beaufort from the north. Additionally, the 2/32nd Battalion was directed to probe north along the Padas River and along the railway, drawing enemy attention away from the main Australian advance. Looking south, while the 2/17th Battalion remained around Brunei and the 2/15th Battalion probed along the river toward Limbang, Windeyer had ordered the 2/13th Battalion to prepare for an amphibious movement to the Miri-Lutong area. Brunei town had been severely battered by Allied bombers and Japanese demolitions. The troops were critical of the air force's practice of bombing conspicuous buildings even when they were unlikely to contain anything of military importance. In Brunei, for example, the bazaar and the cinema were destroyed, but neither was likely to have contained any Japanese men or material and their destruction and the destruction of similar buildings added to the distress of the civilians. The infantryman on the ground saw the effects of bombing at the receiving end. “The impression was gained, says the report of the 20th Brigade, that, in the oil producing and refining centres-Seria, Kuala Belait, Lutong, Miri much of the destruction served no military purpose. The destruction of the native bazaar and shop area in Kuala Belait, Brunei, Tutong and Miri seemed wanton.“ On June 16, the 2/17th finally moved out and occupied Tutong, successfully crossing the river at its mouth. From there, the battalion began its movement along the coast toward Seria. However, despite the strategic importance of the town's oil wells, there was only one encounter with the enemy at the Bira River on June 20 before the town was occupied the following day, only to find the oil wells ablaze.  At Seria, the oil wells were ablaze. From the broken pipes that topped each well, burning oil gushed forth like fire from immense, hissing Bunsen burners. The pressure was so intense that the oil, as clear as petrol, only ignited several inches away from the pipe. Once ignited, it transformed into a tumbling cloud of flame, accompanied by billowing blue-black smoke. At approximately 1,000 feet, the plumes from more than 30 fires merged into a single canopy of smoke. This horrifying spectacle of waste persisted day and night. The men around Seria fell asleep to the hissing and rumbling of an entire oilfield engulfed in flames and awoke to the same din. The Japanese had set fire to 37 wells, destroyed buildings and bridges, and attempted to incapacitate vehicles, pumps, and other equipment by removing essential components and either discarding them in rivers or burying them. Consequently, the Australian engineers faced the daunting task of extinguishing the fires with only their own equipment, along with abandoned gear they could repair or make functional. They relied on assistance from local natives who had observed the Japanese hiding parts and employed methods of improvisation and selective cannibalization to tackle the crisis. Meanwhile, by June 19, raiding elements of the 2/15th Battalion had successfully secured Limbang. From this location, they began sending patrols up the Limbang River toward Ukong, along the Pandaruan River to Anggun, and east toward Trusan. The following day, after a naval bombardment by three American destroyers, the 2/13th Battalion landed unopposed at Lutong and quickly secured the area. On June 21, the Australians crossed the river and advanced into Miri without facing any resistance, successfully occupying the town and its oilfield by June 23. Turning their attention back north, on June 24, the 2/43rd Battalion began its advance toward Beaufort, swiftly moving through Kandu and reaching a position just north of the Padas River the next day. In response to their progress, Brigadier Porter ordered the 2/32nd Battalion to seize the railway terminus and the spur leading down to the river just south of Beaufort, while the 2/43rd focused on capturing the high ground dominating Beaufort from the north and east. This coordinated attack was launched on June 26. By the end of the day, the leading company of the 2/32nd had reached the Padas River, approximately 2,000 yards west of the railway terminus, while the leading company of the 2/43rd secured the railway north of the Padas, similarly positioned about 2,000 yards from Beaufort. On June 27, the 2/43rd continued their offensive, rapidly capturing the high ground overlooking Beaufort. During the afternoon, one company ascended Mount Lawley and pursued the retreating Japanese, cutting off their escape route at a track junction, while another company moved into the town, taking possession early that night. In the following hours and throughout June 28, the Australians faced a series of heavy counterattacks as they worked to consolidate their positions. Meanwhile, the 2/32nd Battalion successfully captured the railway terminus, encountering only slight opposition, with one company executing a wide flanking maneuver to the Padas just upstream from Beaufort. Under heavy bombardment from artillery and mortars, the bulk of the 368th Independent Battalion began to retreat along the Australian-held track in the early hours of June 29. While many were killed during this withdrawal, most managed to escape. At intervals groups of two or three walked into the company area in the darkness and were killed. Fire was strictly controlled, and one platoon was credited with having killed 21 Japanese with 21 single shots fired at ranges of from five to 15 yards. One Japanese walked on to the track 50 yards from the foremost Australian Bren gun position and demanded the surrender of the Australians who were blocking the Japanese line of retreat. According to one observer his words were: "Surrender pliz, Ossie. You come. No?" He was promptly shot. One company counted 81 Japanese killed with "company weapons only" round the junction and estimated that at least 35 others had been killed; six Australians were slightly wounded.  By morning, the fighting was virtually over, and the mop-up of the disorganized enemy force commenced. The attack on Beaufort cost the 24th Brigade 7 men killed and 38 wounded, while the Australians counted 93 Japanese dead and took two prisoners. Meanwhile, the 2/28th Battalion secured Lumadan village, where it made contact with the 2/32nd. Porter then ordered this battalion to pursue the retreating Japanese eastward, successfully securing the Montenior Besar railway bridge by July 4. The 2/32nd Battalion proceeded to attack toward Papar, encountering little opposition as they captured Membakut on July 5, followed by Kimanis on July 10, and finally Papar on July 12. Turning back south, the 2/17th Battalion occupied Kuala Belait on June 24, where they discovered evidence of a massacre of Indian prisoners of war.  Indian prisoners of war began reaching the lines of the 2/17th Battalion at Seria on June 22. By the end of the month, a total of 41 had arrived, reporting a horrific event: on June 14, the Japanese had slaughtered a portion of a group of more than 100 Indian prisoners at Kuala Belait. The Australians discovered 24 charred bodies at the site, along with evidence indicating that others had also been killed. A report by the 2/17th noted, "The motive for the massacre is not clear, and whether a partial loss of rations, the waving of flags, or simply Japanese brutality was responsible cannot be determined." The surviving Indians were found to be starving, with many suffering from illness. Colonel Broadbent remarked, "The loyalty and fortitude of these Indians has been amazing and is a lesson to us all. Even now, their standard of discipline is high." Two days later, patrols made contact with the 2/13th Battalion at the Baram River. Pushing south along Riam Road, the patrols of the 2/13th clashed with the Japanese at South Knoll, which they captured by the end of the month. Throughout July, the 2/13th continued patrolling down Riam Road against some opposition, eventually pushing the Japanese beyond Bakam by August. At the same time, the 2/17th conducted deep patrols southward from Kuala Belait, particularly along the Baram River toward Bakung, Marudi, and Labi. Overall, Australian losses during the North Borneo Offensive totaled 114 killed and 221 wounded, while they captured 130 prisoners and accounted for at least 1,234 Japanese killed. Following the conclusion of conventional military operations, Wootten's troops began to support the efforts of Australian-sponsored native guerrillas operating in Sarawak under Operation Semut and in British North Borneo as part of Operation Agas.  Between March and July 1945, five Special Operations Australia “SOA” parties were inserted into North Borneo. The Agas 1 and 2 parties established networks of agents and guerrillas in northwestern Borneo, while the Agas 4 and 5 parties, landed on the east coast, achieved little in their missions. The Agas 3 party investigated the Ranau area at the request of the 1st Corps. The results of Operation Agas were mixed; although its parties established control over their respective areas of operation and provided intelligence of variable quality, they were responsible for killing fewer than 100 Japanese soldiers. In parallel, as part of Operation Semut, over 100 Allied personnel, mainly Australians, were inserted by air into Sarawak from March 1945, organized into four parties. These parties were tasked with collecting intelligence and establishing guerrilla forces. The indigenous Dayaks of Sarawak's interior enthusiastically joined these guerrilla groups, essentially allowing SOA personnel to lead small private armies. No. 200 Flight RAAF and the Royal Australian Navy's Snake-class junks played crucial roles in this campaign, facilitating the insertion of SOA personnel and supplies. The guerrilla forces launched attacks to gain control of the interior of Sarawak, while the 9th Division focused on coastal areas, oilfields, plantations, and ports in North Borneo. The guerrillas operated from patrol bases around Balai, Ridan, and Marudi, as well as in the mountains and along key waterways, including the Pandaruan and Limbang Rivers, and along the railway connecting Beaufort and Tenom. Their objective was to disrupt Japanese troop movements and interdict forces as they withdrew from the main combat zone. The RAAF conducted air strikes to support these lightly armed guerrillas, who at times had to evade better-armed Japanese units. These guerrilla forces successfully raided several key towns and facilities, significantly disrupting enemy movements and efforts. It is estimated that over 1,800 Japanese soldiers were killed in North Borneo through guerrilla actions, particularly by the fearsome Dayak people, whose fierce tactics and local knowledge played a crucial role in these operations. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In the final throes of the Pacific War, the Battle of Okinawa became a fierce battleground of sacrifice and honor. As American forces, led by General Buckner, advanced, they shattered Japanese defenses, pushing them into a desperate retreat. On June 21, General Ushijima and Lieutenant General Cho, recognizing their imminent defeat, committed seppuku, adhering to the samurai code. The chaotic battle led to staggering casualties, with many Japanese soldiers surrendering, realizing their cause was lost. By June's end, Okinawa was secured, symbolizing not only a victory but also the tragic cost of war, with countless lives lost on both sides.

Live Beyond the Norms
Why Your Cooking Oil Is Slowly Destroying You: The Hidden Damage in Every Tablespoon | Udo Erasmus

Live Beyond the Norms

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 13, 2025 74:08


Most of us are consuming the wrong fats and paying the price with our health, energy, and brain function.That's what Udo Erasmus discovered after nearly dying from pesticide poisoning. His recovery sent him deep into the world of fats and oils, uncovering how the way we process and consume oils today is damaging our bodies at the cellular level.Udo's not just a health expert—he's the guy who redefined how oils should be made. With over 40 years of research, multiple books, and his own company, Udo's Choice, he's helped millions rethink fats, inflammation, and what the body actually needs to heal.In this episode, we unpack the omega-3 and omega-6 myths, why most oils are toxic, and how the right fats can fuel your brain, balance inflammation, and even boost athletic performance by 40-60%.“Usually, sugar is the one that people say is the worst thing for you. Damaged oils are worse for you than sugar.” ~ Udo ErasmusAbout Udo Erasmus:Udo Erasmus is a pioneer in health, a bestselling author, and the co-founder of Udo's Choice—one of the first companies to make oils with health, not shelf life, in mind. After nearly dying from pesticide poisoning, Udo dedicated his life to understanding fats, oils, and what the body truly needs. With a background in biochemistry, genetics, and nutrition, Udo has spent 40+ years educating millions on the science of essential fatty acids, inflammation, and human nature. His books, including Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill, have sold over 250,000 copies, and his oil blends are used by elite athletes and health professionals worldwide.Connect with Udo Erasmus:Website: https://udoerasmus.com Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/udoerasmus Book: https://a.co/d/3tLUb18 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@UdoErasmus Connect with Chris Burres:- Website: https://www.myvitalc.com/ - Website: http://www.livebeyondthenorms.com/ - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/chrisburres/ - TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@myvitalc - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/chrisburres

Radio Bastard
2738 / Diskografie

Radio Bastard

Play Episode Listen Later May 30, 2025 6:25


Blau gemacht und mit Udo unter dem Wegs zwischen toten Plastikmenschen.

Life is a Sacred Journey
HOW TO ACHIEVE TOTAL HEALTH || UDO ERASMUS

Life is a Sacred Journey

Play Episode Listen Later May 23, 2025 72:12


In this episode of #LifeisaSacredJourney, join us for an exclusive interview with Udo Erasmus, a legendary health educator and the founder of Udo's Choice, a global wellness brand that's transformed how people think about fats and holistic health.✨ He is the creator of the machinery and method for pressing oils with health in mind—not shelf life—and is internationally recognized as an expert on Omega fatty acids. ✨ Udo is the author of the best-selling Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill and his upcoming book Your Body Needs an Oil Change, which further challenges myths about fats and modern nutrition.✨ With a background in biochemistry, genetics, nutrition, and a master's in counseling psychology, Udo blends science with soul. His 10-step model for Total Health goes beyond diet, addressing emotional wellness, purpose, and inner peace. He's delivered over 5,000 presentations, been featured in 3,000+ interviews, and spoken in 30+ countries.✨ Udo appears in Eating Our Way to Extinction and has shared stages with Tony Robbins and Deepak Chopra

Content Marketing, Engineered Podcast
Lessons from the Automate 2025 Show Floor

Content Marketing, Engineered Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 22, 2025 26:14


Chances are, your ideal buyer isn't limited to just North America. That's why we expanded our State of Marketing to Engineers report to include data about the buying decisions of engineers and technical buyers across Europe. We dive into the differences and similarities between the two audiences. In this episode, Kasey Tyring and the host discuss their experiences at the Automate Show, highlighting innovative demos, engaging booth strategies, and effective marketing practices. They explore the historical context of the show, share insights on attendee engagement, and emphasize the importance of follow-up strategies post-event. The conversation also touches on networking opportunities and the excitement surrounding future events in the industry. Key TakeawaysEngaging demos are crucial for attracting attention at trade shows.Interactive booths create memorable experiences for attendees.Staffing strategies significantly impact booth engagement and success.Post-show follow-up is essential for nurturing leads and maintaining momentum.Networking is a valuable aspect of attending trade shows.Fun and creative booth themes can enhance brand visibility.Content marketing should leverage insights gained from conversations at the show.ResourcesConnect with Udo on LinkedInConnect with Wendy on LinkedInDownload the 2025 State of Marketing to Engineers ReportWatch the WebinarRelated Article: Your Top Questions Answered from the 2025 State of Marketing to Engineers WebinarLearn more about Elektor 

The Superhumanize Podcast
The Soul of Nutrition: Udo Erasmus on Essential Fats, Seed Oil Myths and Cellular Healing

The Superhumanize Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 20, 2025 50:06


Today, I am honored to welcome a true pioneer in the field of health and essential fats—Udo Erasmus.You may know Udo as the author of the groundbreaking book Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill, a resource that has guided millions in understanding the critical role of fats in human health. But Udo is far more than a bestselling author. He is a biochemist, a health philosopher, and the founder of Udo's Choice, an award-winning line of organic oils, probiotics, and enzymes, including the very ones I keep in my own fridge and recommend to others.Udo's work spans decades of rigorous scientific research, personal transformation, and spiritual seeking. He is one of the earliest voices to advocate for Omega-3s as essential to optimal health and one of the few who has consistently spoken out about the damage done by industrial processing of oils.But what moves me most is not just the science, but the soul behind it. Udo's personal journey, from fleeing war as a child, to facing profound suffering, to developing a spiritual framework rooted in love and service, infuses his work with a rare kind of depth and clarity.In today's conversation, we explore the nuanced truth behind seed oils and the backlash they've recently received in the wellness world. We look at how misinformation spreads, why context matters, and what the science really says about high-quality, unrefined fats.We also dive into the inner path, what it means to listen to the body, to return to nature, and to let love be the guide in both healing and business.This is not just a conversation about nutrition. It is a conversation about remembering what truly nourishes us, mind, body, and soul.Episode highlights:00:03 Meet Udo Erasmus: A Pioneer in Health and Essential Fats00:43 Udo's Personal Journey and Transformation01:19 The Truth About Seed Oils and Misinformation07:56 The Role of Essential Nutrients in Health10:13 The Dangers of Industrial Oil Processing20:34 The Impact of Damaged Oils on Health25:09 The Longevity of Oils: Storage and Usage Tips26:19 Optimizing Essential Fatty Acid Intake28:16 Omega-3 Benefits for Athletes and Pregnant Women31:07 Addressing Chronic Fatigue and Long COVID with Nutrition36:41 Debunking Myths About Seed Oils44:37 The Spiritual Dimension of Nutrition47:55 Closing Thoughts and Future ConversationsWEBSITEhttps://udoerasmus.com/BOOKShttps://www.amazon.com/stores/Udo-Erasmus/author/B001JS125YFACEBOOKhttps://www.facebook.com/theudoerasmus/INSTAGRAMhttps://www.instagram.com/udoerasmus/Subscribe to the podcast at https://superhumanize.com

Fotografie mit Michel Birnbacher - Leica M Enthusiast
Udo Prokisch zu Gast bei Michel Birnbacher

Fotografie mit Michel Birnbacher - Leica M Enthusiast

Play Episode Listen Later May 16, 2025 54:02


In dieser Folge empfängt Michel Birnbacher den (Street-)Fotografen Udo Prokisch. Er berichtet, wie ihn sein „Morbus Leica“ - die unheilbare Begeisterung - die vom Canon-System zur silbernen Leica M11 führte, warum er lieber Kameras statt Objektive wechselt und wie 35 mm sowie 50 mm seinen Blick auf Menschen, Lichtkegel und Stadtszenen formen. Udo spricht über Flow auf Städtereisen, Geduld im Licht und die Freude an fünf guten Bildern pro Jahr.Link-Sammlung:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/blende58/Website: www.udoprokisch.deLFI: https://lfi-online.de/de/galerie/Udo-Prokisch-470864.html

Content Marketing, Engineered Podcast
Comparing Content Preferences of Engineers in Europe and the US

Content Marketing, Engineered Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 15, 2025 38:59


Chances are, your ideal buyer isn't limited to just North America. That's why we expanded our State of Marketing to Engineers report to include data about the buying decisions of engineers and technical buyers across Europe. We dive into the differences and similarities between the two audiences. In this episode, Wendy Covey chats with Udo Bormann, Senior Marketing Manager at Elector Media, to discuss the findings from the 2025 State of Marketing to Engineers report. They explore regional differences in marketing strategies, the importance of digital content such as video, social media trends, and the evolving role of AI in marketing. Udo shares insights on engineers' content preferences, the significance of trade shows, and the challenges of localization in Europe. The conversation emphasizes the need for marketers to adapt their strategies based on regional behaviors and preferences to effectively reach their target audience.Key TakeawaysEngineers in Europe and the US prioritize detailed and in-depth informationDigital platforms are crucial for the buying processGitHub is a leading platform for engineers in EuropeVideo content is increasingly important for engagementTrust in AI tools is lower in Europe compared to the USTrade shows remain significant for networking and showcasing products in EuropeLocalization is key in European marketing strategiesResourcesConnect with Udo on LinkedInConnect with Wendy on LinkedInDownload the 2025 State of Marketing to Engineers ReportWatch the WebinarRelated Article: Your Top Questions Answered from the 2025 State of Marketing to Engineers WebinarLearn more about Elektor

Health Coach Academy
A Health Coach's Guide to Oils, Healing, and Longevity with Udo Erasmus

Health Coach Academy

Play Episode Listen Later May 12, 2025 45:10 Transcription Available


In this powerful episode of The Health Coach Academy,  we welcome legendary health educator and founder of Udo's Choice, Udo Erasmus — a pioneer in the healthy fats movement and the man behind some of the first essential oil blends made with health in mind. At 82 years old (and still climbing trees!), Udo brings his incredible energy and deep scientific knowledge to discuss: ✅ Why most cooking oils are harming your health — and what to use instead ✅ The origins of his health mission after pesticide poisoning ✅ How frying oils may contribute more to disease than sugar ✅ Why real healing means going back to nature ✅ How health coaches can use accurate information to build trust and results ✅ The massive misinformation around seed oils and omega-6s ✅ The journey of building a health brand with zero business background Udo also pulls back the curtain on how misinformation spreads in the wellness world — and why critical thinking and deep education are more important than ever.

Inside Out Health with Coach Tara Garrison
UDO ERASMUS The Scoop on Cooking Oils with Pioneer of the Healthy Oil Manufacturing Movement

Inside Out Health with Coach Tara Garrison

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 18, 2025 75:35


Udo Erasmus' pioneering work in health and wellness started over 40 years ago.   As a prominent voice of the Healthy Fats/Oils movement, Udo raised manufacturing standards of food oils, including flax oil. In 1994, he co-founded the Udo's Choice supplement brand, a global leader in cutting edge health products specializing in healthy oils, probiotics, digestive enzymes, and greens.   Udo is an accomplished author of several books including Fats that Heal Fats that Kill, with 250,000+ copies sold.   With extensive education in Biochemistry and Biology, and a Masters Degree in Counseling Psychology, Udo has impacted millions of lives by delivering his fresh message on how to achieve perfect health.   In this episode, Udo talks about about the Omega 6:3 ratio, the differences in the oil manufacturing practices and his holistic approach to achieving health. Learn more about Udo here: https://udoerasmus.com/ Instagram: @udoerasmus Get a free digital draft copy of the brand new Your Body Needs An Oil Change here: https://udoerasmus.com/InsideOutHealth Get his book "Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill" here: https://amzn.to/4lytqDg CHAPTERS: 0:00 Intro 3:40 Udo's background going back to WWII 14:40 You are not your body 26:25 Fall in love with boredom 33:06 Omega-6 is an essential nutrient 41:00 The risk of consuming unhealthy oils 53:00 Omega-3 vs Omega-6 1:01:55 Rapeseed oil 1:02:50 Your goal defines your journey  

The Pacific War - week by week
- 178 - Pacific War Podcast - The First Okinawa Counteroffensive - April 15 - 22 - , 1945

The Pacific War - week by week

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 15, 2025 46:02


Last time we spoke about Yamato's Last Stand. In the spring of 1945, as WW2 intensified, the US Marines commenced a fierce assault on Okinawa. Amidst heavy bombardment, the Japanese 32nd Army fortified their positions, preparing for a desperate counteroffensive. Codenamed Operation Ten-Ichi-Go, Japan's final bid involved the legendary battleship Yamato, tasked with a suicidal mission to confront the American fleet. On April 7, 1945, as the Yamato sailed towards its fate, American forces were ready. Hundreds of aircraft descended upon the ship in a coordinated attack, unleashing bombs and torpedoes. Despite its infamous firepower, Yamato struggled against the relentless onslaught. With its systems failing, Captain Aruga and Admiral Ito made the agonizing decision to go down with their ship. As the proud battleship sank, it symbolized both Japan's indomitable spirit and the crushing weight of defeat, forever etching its story into the annals of military history. This episode is the First Okinawa Counteroffensive Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  Picking up from last time. The Japanese naval-air counteroffensive against Admiral Spruance's forces at Okinawa had been decisively defeated with minimal losses, allowing General Buckner's 10th Army to proceed with the land offensive largely without interference. While General Geiger's Marines advanced toward the sparse Japanese defenses in northern Okinawa, General Hodge's 24th Corps in the south encountered the main enemy line of resistance centered around the Shuri fortified zone. Initially, the 32nd Army had declined to launch a land counteroffensive in conjunction with Operation Ten-Go and the Yamato's suicide attack, fearing that the Americans might execute another amphibious landing at Machinato while the Japanese wasted their strength in a futile effort to reclaim the airfields. However, pressure from Tokyo and Formosa compelled General Ushijima to resume planning for this operation. Ultimately, it was decided that instead of initiating a broad counterattack, the Japanese would deploy a brigade-strength force overnight on April 12 to breach the American lines and advance approximately six miles. If successful, this would be followed by a general attack. Accordingly, Colonel Yoshida Masaru's 22nd Regiment was assigned to the 62nd Division and assembled northeast of Shuri, tasked with attacking through enemy lines east of the Ginowan Road and advancing toward Shimabuku. To bolster this offensive, General Fujioka was also instructed to deploy three reserve battalions for a three-pronged attack from the west aimed at Chatan. However, Colonel Yahara, 32nd Army operations chief, strongly opposed the counterattack plan, feeling that it was not in keeping with the army's defensive mission and that it would waste men. He succeeded in getting the 1st Battalion of the 22d Regiment and elements of the 23d IIB cut from the counterattack force. He made a dire prediction that the infiltrating units, unfamiliar with the terrain in their attack sectors, would get lost, confused, and cut to pieces during a night assault. Taking a sidenote here, I read Yahara's rather famous novel about his experience of the battle for Okinawa and I highly recommend it to all of you. It's a great insight into the perspective of the Japanese and how the leadership were beginning to change their mind on how to go about the war. Yahara, acting without Ushijima's knowledge, advised Fujioka to commit only four battalions to the attack, predicting it would inevitably fail. Meanwhile, the American offensive was still in progress. On April 9, as Major-General George Griner's 27th Division landed at the Orange Beaches near Kadena, the ships of Colonel Waltern Winn's 105th Regiment met with Admiral Blandy's Eastern Islands Attack and Fire Support Group at the Kerama Islands, preparing to move to Tsugen Island overnight. Following a preliminary air and naval bombardment, which saw some Japanese mortar fire in response, Winn's 3rd Battalion successfully landed on the morning of April 10. The Americans then advanced inland with light resistance, quickly securing the northern part of the island but failing to overrun the entrenched enemy positions in Tsugen village. The assault continued the next day against persistent opposition, but organized resistance gradually diminished, allowing the Americans to secure the rest of the island by nightfall, marking the conclusion of the Eastern Islands operation. On April 11, General Shepherd's Marines continued to probe for the main enemy positions in northern Okinawa; the 1st Battalion, 22nd Marines patrolled eastward from their new base at Shana Wan, while the 29th Marines advanced toward Manna. Due to this progress, Buckner decided to fully merge Phases I and II, ordering the 77th Division to capture Iejima on April 16. To the south, Colonel Albert Stebbins's 106th Regiment was attached to the 96th Division, moving toward that division's reserve area, while Colonel Gerard Kelley's 165th Regiment relieved the 17th Regiment in the corps service area. Most significantly, General Bradley continued his attacks on Kakazu Ridge, with the 1st Battalion, 381st Regiment attempting to assault the western slopes but halted short of the ridge crest by determined defenders. At the same time, the 3rd Battalion, 383rd Regiment pushed up the northwest slopes of Kakazu Ridge but was also pinned down by intense Japanese fire. Simultaneously, following an intense artillery bombardment, the 1st Battalion of the 32nd Regiment finally succeeded in breaking into Ouki. However, additional reinforcements were thwarted by heavy Japanese fire, forcing the troops to retreat. With no further advancements, the 7th Division and the 382nd Regiment were relegated to patrolling and mopping up their designated areas over the next few days. At sea, Admiral Ugaki resumed his kamikaze assaults that day, damaging the carriers Essex and Enterprise, the battleship Missouri, and eight destroyers. However, his primary operation commenced on April 12, when he launched approximately 380 aircraft for a second mass Kikisui attack, primarily targeting Admiral Turner's Task Force 51 west of Okinawa. Thanks to cryptanalysis warnings, Turner scrambled his own fighter planes, which successfully shot down 298 Japanese aircraft. Despite attempting numerous missions, Kanoya's specially trained 721st Kokutai Jinrai-Butai “Divine Thunder” unit had so far failed to launch a single Ohka suicide rocket against the Americans. On April 12, however, eight Betty bombers would finally launch six Ohkas against the 5th Fleet, although five Betties never returned. At RPS-14, about 70nm northwest of Okinawa, a Zero plowed into Mannert L. Abele's engine room at 14:40, its 500lb bomb exploding and leaving the destroyer dead in the water. One minute later an Ohka came screaming in at 575mph, slammed into Mannert L. Abele and exploded. She sank in five minutes, losing 97 dead. Mannert L. Abele was the first destroyer hit by an Ohka and the last sunk by one. Destroyer-minesweeper Jeffers, en route to assist Mannert L. Abele, observed a twin-engined bomber eight miles away drop a smoking “belly tank” that suddenly rocketed towards Jeffers “at terrific speed.” Numerous 40mm hits and hard maneuvering saw the Ohka miss Jeffers astern and disintegrate. Additionally 3 battleships, 14 destroyers, 2 destroyer minesweepers, and another landing craft were damaged. Meanwhile, Admiral Rawlings' Task Force 57 was ordered to strike the Shinchiku and Matsuyama airfields in northern Formosa, and over the next two days, 48 Avengers and 40 fighters successfully attacked Shinchiku and Kiirun Harbor. On Okinawa, the 6th Reconnaissance Company captured Bise Saki with minimal resistance, while the 29th Marines faced significant opposition southeast of Manna near Mount Yae-Take, indicating where the main enemy forces were located. This prompted Shepherd to reposition the 3rd Battalion, 22nd Marines to Awa as his new divisional reserve. At the same time, Japanese guerrillas managed to retake Ishikawa, which they would hold for the following two days. Facing south, the 96th Division made another attempt to capture Kakazu but was once again thwarted by the determined defenders. By this time, approximately 5,750 Japanese soldiers were estimated to have been killed in the southern region, while the 24th Corps suffered losses of 451 men killed, 2,198 wounded, and 241 missing. In the afternoon of April 12, 1945, in Warm Springs, Georgia, while sitting for a portrait by Elizabeth Shoumatoff, President Franklin D. Roosevelt said: "I have a terrific headache." He then slumped forward in his chair, unconscious, and was carried into his bedroom. The president's attending cardiologist, Howard Bruenn, diagnosed a massive intracerebral hemorrhage. At 3:35 pm, Roosevelt died at the age of 63. His declining health had been kept secret from the public, leading to shock and sorrow worldwide upon the news of his death. Harry Truman, who was serving as vice president in 1945, succeeded FDR as president. Meanwhile, back in Okinawa, Fujioka initiated his counteroffensive after a heavy artillery bombardment, advancing his four battalions to secretly infiltrate the American lines. On the eastern front, the 22nd Regiment struggled to advance due to becoming disoriented in unfamiliar terrain.  The night attacks suffered from several unexpected problems. Heavy shelling had changed the landscape, blasting away villages and thickets, so that even though night infiltrators knew their maps and thought they knew the terrain, they lacked the landmarks needed to tell them where they actually were. Moreover, frequent illumination shells forced the eyes of night infiltrators to adjust so many times that their capacity to adjust was lost. They became temporarily blinded and so were unable to move. Because of the unfamiliar terrain and flash blindness, the Japanese night fighters had difficulty reaching their assigned objectives. In fact, it was hard for them to reach their jumping-off points. Continuous naval bombardment of crossroads and bridges forced units to rush across in small groups between shells so that the units became strung out on the roads and difficult to control. It was hard to move heavy ammunition and supplies forward because of these interdiction points and the generally churned up roads. Even when units reached their northward assembly points safely by night, they were immediately exposed to aerial observation and artillery fire at dawn, since they lacked enough time to dig in. Units that attacked across American lines safely in darkness had the same problem: they lacked time to dig in and so were utterly exposed to artillery fire at morning light. Night attacks, like flanking maneuvers, were a kind of cure-all in prewar Japanese doctrine. But they failed to provide the expeditious results on Okinawa that IJA doctrine had led the 32d Army Staff to expect. Consequently, Yoshida's four infiltration attempts, each involving about a squad, were effectively repelled by troops from the 32nd, 184th, and 382nd Regiments before midnight. The only significant attack came from around 45 Japanese soldiers against the positions held by Company G of the 184th, which quickly returned fire, forcing the enemy to retreat to their caves and trenches. In contrast, the assault on the 96th Division on the western front was intense, sustained, and well-coordinated. The forward units of Major-General Nakajima Tokutaro's 63rd Brigade launched their own local offensive to maintain pressure on the thin line held by the 382nd and 383rd Regiments, while elements from the 23rd, 272nd, and 273rd Independent Battalions infiltrated the American lines and moved into the Ginowan area. The majority of the 272nd Division launched an assault on American positions at Kakazu Ridge, enduring intense naval and artillery fire but ultimately being repelled by the determined defenders after several hours of combat. By morning, the bodies of 317 enemy soldiers were counted on the ridge, whereas the Americans suffered 50 casualties. Meanwhile, the 273rd Division attacked along the west coast against the recently arrived 2nd Battalion of the 106th Regiment, which decisively repelled the Japanese assault and nearly annihilated the independent battalion. Despite this, some units from the 23rd and 272nd Independent Battalions managed to penetrate approximately 1,000 yards behind American lines between Nishibaru and Kaniku but became isolated after dawn on April 13. Throughout the day, Bradley's troops worked to eliminate these infiltrators, many of whom detonated explosives when trapped. When these units retreated into Japanese lines later that night, only half of their original numbers had survived. Just before midnight, the reserve 9th Company of the 22nd Regiment launched an attack against the 184th Regiment following preparatory artillery fire, but this offensive was quickly disrupted by artillery, mortars, and machine-gun fire. On April 14, Nakajima's forces attempted two more assaults on Kakazu in the early hours, but these attempts were similarly thwarted by artillery and machine-gun fire. Given the failures of the offensives, Ushijima had no choice but to order a suspension of the attack, resulting in a shift to a defensive posture for the Japanese. Over the two days of combat, the 24th Corps reported killing 1,594 Japanese soldiers and capturing four, with losses of fewer than 100 American troops. In the northern region, an extensive air and naval bombardment of Iejima commenced while the Fleet Marine Force Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion landed on Minna Island, securing it without encountering resistance to position artillery units for General Bruce's upcoming attack, which would involve the 305th and 306th Regiments. Meanwhile, in northern Okinawa, the 29th Marines continued to advance against enemy positions at Yae-Take through vigorous patrolling, preparing for a morning assault the next day. Concerned about the pace of progress, Shepherd relieved Colonel Bleasdale of command, replacing him with veteran Colonel William Whaling. However, Shepherd recognized that taking the 1,200-foot summit would require more than one regiment, so he ordered the 4th Marines to move from the east coast to Yofuke and then to the southwest corner of the Motobu Peninsula. Additionally, Colonel Shapley's 3rd Battalion was tasked with moving to Kawada, while the reinforced 2nd Battalion of the 22nd Marines rapidly advanced up the west coast to secure Hedo Misaki. On April 14, Shepherd initiated a coordinated assault on Yae-Take, with Whaling's 3rd Battalion and Shapley's 2nd Battalion advancing from the area around Toguchi against unexpectedly light resistance, while the rest of the 29th Marines moved out from Itomi to clear the Itomi-Toguchi Road. Although the eastern front faced strong opposition and required a change in strategy to advance southwesterly for better elevation advantage, rapid progress was made on the west, prompting Shapley to commit his reserve 1st Battalion to secure the exposed right flank. At the same time, Whaling's 3rd Battalion and Shapley's 2nd Battalion continued their advance against significantly strengthened enemy resistance, ultimately capturing another ridge located 1,000 yards ahead. Initial opposition consisted of small enemy groups. These hostile covering forces employed every available means to delay and disorganize the advance, and to mislead the attackers as to the location of the battle position. The Japanese would lie in concealment, with weapons zeroed in on a portion of a trail, allowing a considerable number of Marines to pass before opening up on a choice target. An entire platoon was permitted to pass a point on a trail without interference, but when the company commander reached that point with his headquarters section, a burst of machine-gun fire killed him and several others. Officer casualties were excessively high. In an area in which there had been no firing for over half an hour, Major Bernard W. Green, commanding the 1st Battalion, 4th Marines, was killed instantly by machine-gun fire. No one else was hurt, although Major Green was standing with his operations and intelligence officers on either side of him. Lieutenant Colonel Fred D. Beans, Regimental Executive Officer, assumed command of the battalion. "It was like fighting a phantom enemy." For while the hills and ravines were apparently swarming with Japanese, it was difficult to close with them. The small enemy groups, usually built around a heavy Hotchkiss machine gun augmented by Nambus, would frequently change positions in the dense vegetation. Hostile volleys elicited furious Marine fusillades into the area from whence the firing had come. But after laboriously working their way to the spot, the Marines came upon only an occasional bloodstain on the ground. Neither live nor dead Japanese were to be found. One Marine registered his impression of these tactics by blurting out, "Jeez, they've all got Nambus, but where are they?" Meanwhile, the 29th Marines advanced 800 yards up steep slopes despite facing fierce opposition; however, the 1st Battalion eventually found itself pinned down by intense Japanese gunfire. Additionally, Shapley's 3rd Battalion crossed the island via motor march to relieve the 3rd Battalion of the 22nd Marines in division reserve, which then returned to its patrol base at Majiya. To the south, Hodge recognized the need for a full-scale effort to penetrate the fortified Shuri area, so he scheduled a corps attack involving three divisions abreast for April 19. In preparation, he dedicated the following four days to organizing the assault, with the 27th Division taking over from the 96th Division in the western region of its zone, while smaller local attacks were conducted to enhance forward positions. Aware of the impending major attack, the Japanese used this preparatory period to bolster their defenses with additional supporting weapons. Back to the north, on April 15, most of the 29th Marines consolidated their defenses on high ground and exerted constant pressure on the rear of the Yae-Take position through vigorous patrols to the west and northwest. On the other hand, Whaling's 3rd Battalion advanced east and south approximately 900 yards amidst heavy machine-gun, mortar, and artillery fire before being halted by a strong enemy position on Hill 210. Additionally, the 4th Marines faced fierce resistance as Shapley's battalions finally secured Hill 200 and a critical hill mass just southwest of Yae-Take. Fully aware that his primary positions would soon be overrun, Colonel Udo decided to transition to guerrilla tactics by nightfall, relocating his command to the mountainous regions of northern Okinawa via Itomi. In light of these developments, the 1st Battalion, 22nd Marines was placed into division reserve at Awa to allow Shapley's 3rd Battalion to prepare for the following day's assault. On April 16, the offensive resumed, with Whaling's 3rd Battalion swiftly capturing Hill 210 in conjunction with Shapley's 2nd Battalion. Meanwhile, the rest of the 4th Marines secured a ridge just below Yae-Take by midday, while the 29th Marines applied continuous pressure on the rear of Udo's fortified stronghold. While the 4th Marines was storming the fortified position on Yae-Take, the 29th Marines maintained relentless pressure against its rear. The opposition which faced the 29th was similar to that on the front of the 4th. From log-revetted bunkers and occasional concrete emplacements the enemy resisted the advance with increasing stubbornness, supported by machine-guns, mortars, and artillery concealed in ravines and in caves on the high ground. Rugged terrain and an acute supply situation also contributed to the difficulties confronting the 29th Marines in accomplishing its task of clearing the high ground flanking the Itomi-Toguchi Road. The enemy displayed his usual ability to exploit the terrain and derived the maximum benefit from his weapons emplaced in caves and pits and concealed by natural cover. Particularly noteworthy was his use of 20mm dual-purpose cannon against personnel. Fire from these weapons on battalion CPs was a daily occurrence. All roads and natural avenues of approach were covered. Any attempt to move over the easier routes was met with bitter and effective resistance. Consequently, "the method of reducing the enemy positions followed a pattern of 'ridgehopping'," covered by the fires of all supporting weapons. This tactic enabled the attacker to envelop the hostile defenses and reduce them in detail. Numerous abandoned positions and weapons encountered by the 29th indicated that the determination of the Japanese to resist diminished considerably when they were taken from the flank. In contrast to a coordinated advance with all units in contact across a broad front, the action in the zone of the 29th Marines was characterized by attacks that, even when delivered simultaneously, constituted a series of local patrol actions to seize critical positions, followed by mopping up activity within the area. In the afternoon, Shapley's 1st and 3rd Battalions assaulted the formidable mountain, gradually making their way up the steep slope under light and scattered small-arms fire. However, as the Marines reached the peak, they encountered intense fire at close range, which quickly forced them to pull back. After a fierce and close engagement, the 1st Battalion ultimately regained control of Yae-Take, managing to hold the summit against strong Japanese counterattacks, aided by artillery support and Shapley's 2nd Battalion. Meanwhile, at dawn on April 16, two battleships, four cruisers, and seven destroyers under Rear-Admiral Bertram Rodgers launched a heavy bombardment on Iejima, while aircraft bombed and rocketed the island, dropping tanks of napalm on and behind the beaches. Approximately 2,000 Japanese troops, led by Major Igawa Masashi, had destroyed Iejima's airfields and strengthened the central eastern region of the island in an effort to entice the invaders to approach the vulnerable southeastern beaches. Their aim was to annihilate them with concentrated fire from numerous hidden positions in the Pinnacle and the town of Ie. However, the Americans saw through this strategy. Bruce's plan involved landing Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Coolidge's 305th Regiment on the Red Beaches along the southern coast of Iejima and Colonel Aubrey Smith's 306th Regiment on the Green Beach at the island's southwest tip. The 305th was tasked with advancing eastward to capture additional landing areas, while the 306th was to move north and take control of the airfield. Both regiments would then focus on neutralizing enemy strongholds at the island's eastern end. Following intense air and naval bombardments, amphibious tanks and subsequent waves of amphibious tractors surged toward the landing beaches that morning, supported by rocket fire from LCI gunboats. At 07:58, the forward elements of the 1st Battalion, 305th Regiment successfully landed on the southern coast of Iejima, just south of the airfield, while the 3rd Battalion landed on a different beach, 600 yards to the left, three minutes later. At 08:07, the first waves of the 306th Regiment made landfall on Green Beach. The 305th moved swiftly inland over high dunes and then turned east toward Ie, while the 306th advanced 2,000 yards inland to the airfield's western edge, with the reserve 3rd Battalion securing the island's western end. By the afternoon, the troops advanced rapidly, seizing the airfield with only light resistance, achieving a total gain of about 5,500 yards by nightfall. Conversely, the 305th faced stiffer opposition on its way to Ie, managing to advance only about 800 yards eastward while defending against strong nighttime counterattacks. During the night of 16 April the enemy launched a coordinated attack on the 3d Battalion of the 305th. The attack came with suicidal recklessness. The Japanese were supported by mortars and 70-mm. guns, and were armed with small arms, sharpened stakes, bags of hand grenades, and literally hundreds of satchel charges, some of which had been improvised from mortar shells. Japanese worked up to the perimeters in small groups and either threw their satchel charges at close range or blew themselves up in an effort to take Americans with them. Some of the human bombs were successful, but most of the Japanese were killed before they came within effective range. One American had his arm broken by the flying leg of a Japanese soldier who had blown himself up. After hours of wild fighting in the dark the enemy withdrew, leaving 152 of his dead in and around the 3d Battalion's position.  While back at sea, Admiral Mitscher's Task Force 58 had effectively launched attacks on Amami Oshima, Tokunoshima, Kikaijima, and southern Kyushu over the past four days, the Japanese responded with a series of scattered kamikaze assaults that caused damage to the battleship New York and four destroyers. On April 16, Ugaki initiated his third large-scale Kikisui attack, acutely aware that another failure in the air could spell the doom of Operation Ten-Go. Despite Mitscher's preemptive strikes against Kyushu, where Americans claimed to have destroyed 202 aircraft and damaged 79 at the cost of only nine planes, at least 289 Japanese attackers were still able to launch missions against Spruance's 5th Fleet. Although American interceptors and anti-aircraft fire recorded another 217 kills, the surviving kamikaze pilots managed to sink the destroyer Pringle and inflict damage on the carrier Intrepid, the battleship Missouri, three destroyers, two destroyer minesweepers, and two landing craft. Notably, the destroyer Laffey withstood six kamikaze impacts, four bomb hits, and numerous strafing runs, resulting in 32 fatalities and 71 injuries among its crew. The following day, a smaller attack on April 17 resulted in additional damage to the light carrier Bataan and one destroyer, yet Americans claimed another 49 kills. However, Ugaki had exhausted much of his strength since the invasion began and was left with approximately 598 operational planes. Meanwhile, fighting continued in northern Okinawa, where some surviving troops from Udo advanced toward Nakaoshi to escape the Motobu Peninsula. Supported by heavy artillery barrages and battleship gunfire, the 29th Marines slowly progressed over challenging terrain, encountering only light resistance, as they successfully secured the mountainous area ahead and connected with the 4th Marines. Shapley's 1st and 3rd Battalions continued their push northward toward the Itomi-Toguchi Road, swiftly advancing downhill and completely overwhelming all Japanese defenses in the region. By nightfall, the 4th and 29th Marines had positioned themselves along the elevated terrain overlooking the Itomi-Toguchi Road. The 305th resumed its assault, aiming to capture the high ground behind Red Beaches 3 and 4. The 1st Battalion encountered only minimal resistance along the coast, allowing them to make significant progress, while the 3rd Battalion quickly secured the high ground in its area before being halted by intense machine-gun fire from caves in the coral slopes to the north. A maneuvering strategy followed by an infantry-tank assault eventually neutralized this enemy position, enabling the advance to continue steadily until the 3rd Battalion reached the outskirts of Ie. Due to the strong resistance faced, Bruce opted to deploy Colonel Stephen Hamilton's 307th Regiment on the beaches southwest of Ie. The 2nd and 3rd Battalions were subsequently landed there and launched an attack northeast, quickly advancing approximately 400 yards despite increasingly fierce resistance, ultimately being halted by heavy enemy fire from Bloody Ridge and Government House Hill. Meanwhile, the 306th Regiment maintained its defensive position while probing the enemy's fortifications around Iegusugu. The next day, the 306th began to pivot its right flank and launched an attack toward the Pinnacle with two battalions, making notable progress throughout the day. Concurrently, the 307th continued its advance into Ie despite facing heavy resistance, quickly reaching a standstill in front of Government House Hill. As a result, with the 2nd Battalion effectively immobilized, the decision was made to deploy the 3rd Battalion around to the right flank to launch an assault toward the northeast in the eastern part of the town, while the 3rd Battalion of the 305th Regiment advanced eastward toward Iegusugu. After a heavy preparation by the artillery on Minna Shima, the 3d Battalion, 305th, attacked at 1130 on an 800-yard front. A house-to-house fight ensued amid the rubble of Ie. "Every street became a phase line," one observer reported. The necessity of forming a connecting link over the wide area between the 306th and the 307th made the fight harder. Artillery was ineffective against many enemy positions and could not be used freely because other friendly units were so close by. Self-propelled guns were held up by mines and debris in the narrow streets. After working about halfway through the northwestern section of the town, the troops withdrew to a more secure position on the outskirts, their right (south) flank then being 500 yards west of Government House Hill, and their left (north) flank 100 yards west of the base of Iegusugu. They had made a net gain of only about 350 yards for the day. Similarly, Hamilton's 3rd Battalion achieved moderate success, advancing to a position 300 yards north of the village of Agarii-mae. To protect its right flank, the 1st Battalion of the 305th Regiment positioned itself alongside the 3rd Battalion of the 307th Regiment and launched a northern attack, gaining approximately 1000 yards by day's end before withdrawing to a position about 600 yards east of Agarii-mae. Medium tanks and self-propelled guns covered the gap that developed between the two battalions of the 307th. These weapons put direct fire into caves, pillboxes, and enemy gun positions in the town of Ie and the Pinnacle. They could not be moved close to the enemy positions, however; deadly machine-gun and mortar fire held the infantry back and left the armor vulnerable to suicide attacks by Japanese armed with satchel charges, who hid in holes until the tanks and guns came within range. Meanwhile, after four days of intense fighting, activities in the Motobu area on April 18 were limited to reorganization, consolidating the gains from the previous day, patrolling the Itomi-Toguchi Road, and resupplying. Looking south, Griner called for a nighttime preliminary attack to secure the Machinato Inlet and the Urasoe-Mura Escarpment. As the area was shrouded in smoke during the afternoon, Company G of the 106th Regiment swiftly crossed the inlet and successfully secured Machinato by nightfall, while bridges were constructed at the inlet. The 106th then moved across the bridges, stealthily advancing toward the Urasoe-Mura Escarpment without encountering opposition. Near the summit, the troops launched a surprise ambush against the defenders, ultimately forcing the Japanese to retreat in chaos. With the escarpment secured by dawn, the 106th was prepared to participate in the general attack to the south. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The first Okinawa counteroffensive, as part of Operation Ten-Ichi-Go was not achieving results. Despite overwhelming sacrifices of men and supplies, it seemed hopeless for the Japanese on Okinawa. Those like Colonel Yahara could see the paint on the wall, much to their growing depression.

Into Africa
Advancing Change in Nigeria: Advocacy in Action

Into Africa

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 10, 2025 32:13


What does it take to influence meaningful change in Nigeria's governance landscape? In this episode of Into Africa, Udo Ilo, author of It Is Impossible: Influencing Change in Nigeria, joins to explore the complex landscape of social and political change in Nigeria. Drawing on his extensive experience in governance reform, civic engagement, and social innovation, Udo offers valuable insights into the challenges of driving democracy and political transformation in a country marked by entrenched political structures and security concerns. From his tenure as Interim Executive Director at the Center for Civilians in Conflict to his work as Nigerian representative with the Open Society Initiative for West Africa, Udo shares his perspective on what it takes to challenge the status quo and introduce innovative solutions for governance. The episode also highlights lessons from Nigeria's experience that can inform global policymakers and advocates working toward meaningful social change.  

produktiv hoch 3
Schreib KEINE Aufgaben in deinen Kalender! (Und warum Kontextlisten besser sind) (Folge 226)

produktiv hoch 3

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 5, 2025 11:56


Zum Audiokurs: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLqLn7LfoStMKeEOy9whT1RemBB8vVzvbV Zur Community: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZ7JVSiFHOQ3oEiu7cqVEag/join Sollten Aufgaben wirklich in den Kalender? In diesem Video erkläre ich, warum ich seit Jahren predige, Aufgaben ohne Datum und Uhrzeit zu planen. Wir gehen auf die kontroverse Frage von Udo ein und diskutieren, warum das traditionelle Kalendersystem oft nicht funktioniert.Ich erkläre den Unterschied zwischen Terminen, Aufgaben und Zeitblöcken und zeige dir, wie du deinen Kalender optimal für feste Verpflichtungen und Fokuszeiten nutzt. Anstatt deinen Kalender mit kleinen Aufgaben zu überladen, stelle ich dir eine effektivere Methode vor: Kontextlisten.Entdecke, wie du deinen Workflow organisierst, indem du Aufgaben nach Kontext gruppierst (z.B. "Online-Shopping", "Anrufe", "Büroarbeit"). So kannst du deine Zeit flexibel nutzen und Aufgaben erledigen, die zur aktuellen Situation passen.In diesem Video lernst du:- Warum Aufgaben ohne Datum und Uhrzeit oft effektiver sind.- Den Unterschied zwischen Terminen, Aufgaben und Zeitblöcken.- Wie du deinen Kalender für feste Verpflichtungen und Fokuszeiten nutzt.- Was Kontextlisten sind und wie sie dir helfen, produktiver zu sein.- Praktische Tipps zur Organisation deines Workflows.Schau dir das Video an und entdecke eine neue Art, deine Aufgaben zu planen!00:00 Aufgaben und Kalender: Ein kontroverses Thema02:39 Die Unterscheidung zwischen Terminen, Aufgaben und Zeitblöcken05:44 Die Problematik von zu vielen Aufgaben im Kalender08:18 Kontextlisten statt To-Do-Listen: Ein neuer Ansatz#Produktivität #Zeitmanagement #Kalender #Aufgabenplanung #Kontextlisten #Organisation #Workflow #Effizienz #TippsUndTricks

Dentalwelt Podcast
#208 Über Vollkeramik & Burnout, Sinn & Erfüllung

Dentalwelt Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 4, 2025 57:42


Gibt dir dein tägliches tun einen Sinn ? Oder füllt es nur deinen Kühlschrank ? Warum gehen wir zur Arbeit ? Wann ist genug, genug ? Wann ist es Zeit für Pausen und wie werde ich eigentlich glücklich ? Wenn es jemanden gibt, der dazu Antworten liefern kann, ist es Zahntechniker Meister Udo Kreibich, der dieses Jahr den 15. Zahngipfel in Folge veranstaltet: https://www.zahngipfel.de/ Der Potentialentwicklicker Udo Kreibich https://www.instagram.com/der_potentialentwickler/ ist vor Jahren ins Burnout geraten und stellt sich und dem Leben seither andere Fragen. Darüber spreche ich mit Udo in dieser Podcastfolge Möchtest du Udo und seine Arbeit persönlich kennenlernen ? Dann schau mal hier: Terminvereinbarung zum kostenfreien 30 Min Coaching mit Udo: https://zeeg.me/udokreibich/30min?date=2025-3-31&duration=30 Website. https://udo-kreibich.de/ _______________________________ Du möchtest mal zur Gast im Dentalwelt Podcast sein ? Dann lern mich kostenlos und unverbindlich persönlich kennen: https://calendly.com/miguelangelobasalo/kennenlernen-dentalwelt-podcast?back=1&month=2025-04 Die komplette Folge gibt es auch als Video auf YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@dentalwelt

Adjusted Reality
From Nutrients to Nature: A Journey in Whole-Being Nutrition with Udo Erasmus

Adjusted Reality

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 2, 2025 50:00


In this insightful episode of Adjusted Reality, we welcome back Udo Erasmus, renowned speaker, author, and founder of Udo's Choice, to explore the true essence of vitality. While our last conversation focused on the impact of healthy fats, this time, we dive deeper into what it means to achieve balance—both nutritionally and holistically. Udo shares his wisdom on the best foods for optimal health and the hidden dangers of modern diets. With his deep expertise in biochemistry, nutrition, and psychology, he breaks down how making intentional dietary choices can fuel both body and mind, enhancing longevity and overall well-being.Beyond nutrition, Udo discusses the broader concept of vitality, touching on brain health, energy, and the importance of harmony within the body. He reveals lessons from his travels around the world, highlighting time-tested herbal remedies and simple lifestyle shifts that can lead to a healthier, more vibrant life. Whether you're looking to refine your diet, increase your energy, or gain a fresh perspective on wellness, this episode is packed with transformative insights. Tune in for an engaging and thought-provoking discussion that will leave you inspired to take charge of your health!In the Adjusted Reality podcast, well-known athletes, celebrities, actors, chiropractors, influencers in the wellness industry, and other podcasters will talk with host Dr. Sherry McAllister, president, F4CP, about their experiences with health and wellness. As a special gift for listening today visit f4cp.org/health to get a copy of our mind, body, spirit eBook which focuses on many ways to optimize your health and the ones you love without the use of drugs or surgery. Follow Adjusted Reality on Instagram. Find A Doctor of Chiropractic Near You.Donate to Support the Chiropractic Profession Through Education.

Elite Publishing with Melanie Johnson and Jenn Foster
Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill with Udo Erasmus

Elite Publishing with Melanie Johnson and Jenn Foster

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 26, 2025 17:37


Welcome back to another episode of Elite Publishing Podcast! This time, we're thrilled to host the incredible Udo Erasmus, renowned author of the influential book "Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill," which has sold over 250,000 copies. Joining us today, alongside our host, Jen Foster, Udo delves into the fascinating journey of writing his book and how he transformed his obsession with fats into a tangible legacy. From clicking away on an Underwood manual typewriter to navigating the complexities of self-promotion and marketing, Udo shares candid insights into the painstaking yet rewarding world of book writing.Learn More: https://udoerasmus.com/

The Beautifully Broken Podcast
Oil Myths & Realities: Udo Erasmus Reveals the Secrets of Essential Nutrients

The Beautifully Broken Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 17, 2025 67:44


In this episode of the Beautifully Broken Podcast, host Freddie Kimmel talks with Udo Erasmus, a leader in health and nutrition, about the essential role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and the risks of industrial seed oils. Udo's journey in health and wellness began over 40 years ago. As a pioneer in the Healthy Fats/Oils movement, he improved manufacturing standards for food oils, including flax oil. In 1994, he co-founded Udo's Choice, a global brand specializing in healthy oils, probiotics, and digestive enzymes. A bestselling author of Fats that Heal Fats that Kill and a biochemist with a Master's in Counseling Psychology, Udo has influenced millions with his insights on achieving optimal health. In this discussion, Udo Erasmus explains digestion, oil production, and why essential fatty acids matter. He shares the importance of balancing omega-3 and omega-6, the role of phosphatidylcholine for cellular health, and the sustainability of krill oil. This episode is filled with knowledge to help you improve your nutrition for overall well-being.Connect with Udo Erasmus:https://udoerasmus.com/https://www.instagram.com/udoerasmus/https://udoerasmus.com/products/ Highlights:01:51 - Health was invented by life as a way to live adapted to nature.06:53 - Everything affects health on multiple levels.07:57 - We know more about how to make a watch than how the human body works.08:09 - You need to spend time with yourself to understand your health.10:58 - Oils are the most sensitive of our nutrients and need protection.12:42 - Omega-6 is an essential nutrient that cannot be overlooked.14:15 - Consuming damaged oils negatively affects overall well-being16:30 - Improving food, water, air intake strengthens the body18:05 - Plant-based omega-3s are necessary but conversion is limited20:21 - Omega-3s enhance athletic performance and brain function22:18 - Essential fatty acids play key role in mental health24:09 - Phosphatidylcholine supports strong and healthy cell membranes26:45 - Foundation oils are vital beyond basic supplementation46:35 - Krill oil provides sustainable omega-3 health benefits48:22 - Balancing omega-3 and omega-6 is crucial50:40 - Longevity depends on daily health and lifestyle choices53:10 - Inner peace contributes to a meaningful, fulfilling life57:44 - Life energy comes from solar power sustaining us Single TestsUPGRADE YOUR WELLNESSSilver Biotics Muscle Cream: https://www.silverbiotics.com(Use Code: BEAUTIFULLYBROKEN for Discount)Saga Bands: https://ca.saga.fitness/?ref=titvyccmCode: beautifullybrokenStemRegen: https://www.stemregen.co/products/stemregen?_ef_transaction_id=&oid=1&affid=52Code: beautifullybrokenLightPathLED https://lightpathled.pxf.io/c/3438432/2059835/25794Code: beautifullybroken CONNECT WITH FREDDIE Check out my website and store: (http://www.beautifullybroken.world) Instagram: (https://www.instagram.com/beautifullybroken.world/) YouTube: (https://www.youtube.com/@BeautifullyBrokenWorld)

Elite Expert Insider
Discover Essential Nutrition: Secrets to Healthy Oils with Udo Erasmus of Udo's Choice

Elite Expert Insider

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 3, 2025 28:45


In today's episode, we explore the fascinating world of nutrition essentials with a special focus on healthy oils and essential nutrients. Our esteemed guest, Udo Erasmus, is a pioneer in the field, known for founding Udo's Choice oil and authoring the influential book "Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill," which has sold over 250,000 copies. With a rich background in biochemistry, genetics, and biology, Udo shares his journey from a harrowing childhood during World War II to becoming a leading expert in health and nutrition. Learn More: https://udoerasmus.com/  

Tag für Tag Beiträge - Deutschlandfunk
Ausstellung mit Ikonen aus orthodoxen Grenzregionen

Tag für Tag Beiträge - Deutschlandfunk

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 3, 2025 7:13


Feist, Udo www.deutschlandfunk.de, Tag für Tag

Proven Health Alternatives
Rethinking Oils: Navigating the Minefield of Modern Nutrition

Proven Health Alternatives

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 21, 2025 47:32


In this episode, I chat with Udo Erasmus, a pioneering expert in the field of nutrition and health, and the creator of flaxseed oil. Drawing from decades of research and his own personal health transformation, Erasmus explains why so many of us still fall for the misconceptions about seed oils. He dives into how these oils are processed and why they might not be as healthy as we think. Erasmus passionately advocates for better alternatives and breaks down the effects of nutrient deficiencies on our health. We also discuss how Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids are converted in the body and what factors affect their efficiency. This episode isn't just about fats; it's about rethinking the foods we consume every day and their long-term impact on our health. If you're looking to learn more about nutrition and make smarter, healthier choices, this one's for you! Key Takeaways: Udo Erasmus emphasizes the importance of balancing omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids in the diet for optimal health, with a notable argument for using oils made with health in mind. He critiques the damage done by typical oil processing methods, which compromise the nutritional integrity of oils, leading to health problems. Erasmus shares vital insights on why frying and consuming processed seed oils are detrimental to health and promotes steaming as a healthier cooking option. The conversation underscores the role of essential fatty acids in dealing with inflammation, diseases, and overall cellular health, advocating a shift from processed foods to fresh, organic alternatives. Through personal anecdotes and scientific explanations, Erasmus dismantles myths around omega fatty acids, offering practical advice for harnessing their benefits.   More About Udo Erasmus: Udo Erasmus is the co-founder of Udo's Choice, a globally recognized line of health oils. His groundbreaking work in the flaxseed oil industry helped create a billion-dollar sector focused on health. After overcoming pesticide poisoning in 1980, Udo became passionate about exploring the connection between health, nature, and human well-being. He's the author of Fats That Heal Fats That Kill, with over 250,000 copies sold, and has delivered thousands of presentations around the world. Udo's expertise spans biochemistry, nutrition, genetics, and counseling psychology, and his message has impacted millions globally. Website Instagram Connect with me!: Website Instagram Facebook YouTube

AWR Ibo - Asụsụ Igbo

CHINEKE GA-EWEPU IHE MWUTA GI

The Melissa Made Show
Live LIT UP from Within - Udo Erasmus

The Melissa Made Show

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 13, 2025 71:41


In this inspiring episode of the Made Fitz show, Melissa sits down with renowned health expert Udo Erasmus. From surviving war to overcoming poisoning from pesticides, Udo's life experiences sparked a lifelong dedication to health and wellness. As a prolific author, lecturer, and global educator, Udo has: Authored multiple books on oils and fats Traveled to 40 countries sharing his expertise Delivered over 5,000 lectures, and Shared the stage with influential speakers like Tony Robbins Udo's passion for health extends beyond humans, also encompassing the well-being of dogs, cats, and horses. Join Melissa and Udo for a thought-provoking conversation on the Made Fitz show.  udoerasmus.com     Melissa McAllister FNTP, FNC, RWP I wasn't always a health nut – in fact, I used to be a French Fries and Pepsi connoisseur! But after having my children, I realized the importance of properly caring for my body. That's when my love for fitness was born. Now, after years of training and supporting clients, I'm a Functional Nutritional Therapy Practitioner, Functional Nutrition Coach, Restorative Wellness Practitioner, Therapeutic Fasting & Gut Health Expert, creator of the M.A.D.E. Diet program, and co-host of The Made Fitz Podcast. Let me help you take control of your health and achieve your best life. melissamadeonline.com              themadediet.com               travelingnutritionist.com   Lauren Fitzgerald M.D. The anesthesiologist who broke up with conventional medicine. Of course, that's a very condensed version of how Dr. Lauren Fitz found – and quickly became a leader in – functional medicine. It was upon dealing with her own health challenges, and seeing that Western medicine continued to fail her, that she decided to explore a more holistic approach to healing. What she found ultimately saved her life – and turned her path in medicine in the right direction. Dr. Fitz moved to St. Charles, Illinois in 2020 and opened Larimar Med after months of renovation. Today, Dr. Fitz provides functional medicine care to patients in all 50 states through virtual and in-person visits. She also provides a revolutionary weight loss program, a menu of advanced body contouring services, and neurotoxin injections.  larimarmed.com Thank you so much for listening to this episode! We are honored and excited to be on this journey toward personal growth, a healthy lifestyle, and a greater more confident you. We'd love to hear from you. So, please share this episode with anyone you think needs to hear this message and remember to rate, review and subscribe wherever you listen to podcasts. We are Melissa McAllister & Dr. Lauren Fitzgerald. And until next time, thank you for being your own health advocate.  xo, Melissa & Dr. Fitz

Empowered Nutrition
Oil Controversies with Udo Erasmus

Empowered Nutrition

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 8, 2025 58:56


Episode Summary In this episode of the Empowered Nutrition Podcast, we sit down with Udo Erasmus, a health expert, author, and pioneer in the field of nutrition, particularly healthy oils. Best known for his book Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill, Udo shares his journey and insights on the importance of essential fatty acids and how food choices, like eliminating processed vegetable oils and sugars, can significantly improve energy, digestion, and overall well-being. Udo emphasizes the power of awareness in nutrition, encouraging listeners to experiment with their diets to better understand how foods affect their bodies. He also discusses the crucial role of digestion, explaining how cooking depletes enzymes and probiotics, and why a plant-based, raw-food approach can optimize digestive health. Udo's expertise and personal experiences provide a relatable and inspiring approach to holistic nutrition. Episode Highlights The Impact of Oils on Health: Udo discusses how different oils, particularly processed vegetable oils, affect our bodies. He encourages listeners to experiment by eliminating certain oils from their diet to observe how they feel, emphasizing the importance of awareness in making healthy dietary choices. Omega-3 Alternatives: Udo talks about his journey with oils and introduces his blended oils that provide a balanced approach to nutrition. He also mentions the importance of flax oil as a source of Omega-3 and his personal philosophy on achieving a healthier, more sustainable diet. The Role of Awareness in Health: Udo emphasizes that taking ownership of your health is crucial. The more aware you become of how certain foods affect your body, the better choices you can make, leading to long-lasting improvements in your overall health and energy levels. Personal Experience with Nutrition: Udo shares a heartwarming story about his son learning the consequences of consuming too much sugar, illustrating the power of self-discovery in nutrition. By guiding his son to notice the effects of sugar on his energy levels, Udo highlights the importance of taking ownership of your own health journey. The Digestion Equation: Udo explains how cooking destroys essential enzymes and probiotics found in raw foods, making digestion more challenging for our bodies. He recommends four key components for optimal digestion: raw, plant-based foods, fiber, probiotics, and bitters. These can support your digestive system and maintain a healthy gut microbiome. Resources Mentioned Udo's Choice Oils: Udo's premium oils can be found at Udo's Choice. Udo Erasmus Website : udoerasmus.com, where you can find information about holistic health and nutrition. Social Media & Podcast Appearances: Udo Erasmus can be found on multiple platforms including: LinkedIn: Udo Erasmus YouTube: @UdoErasmus Instagram: @udoerasmus Facebook. The Udo Erasmus For more podcasts and information, visit Udo Erasmus Podcast Connect with Us Visit our website for more episodes and information. Follow us on social media for updates and health tips. Subscribe to our podcast and leave a review! Ready to dive in? Listen here.

The Dr. Haley Show
80 | What Happened to the Food? with The Legendary Udo Erasmus

The Dr. Haley Show

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 24, 2024 64:15


Udo Erasmus, founder of Udo's Choice and author of a few books including the book "Fats That Heal Fats that Kill" which has sold over 250,000 copies. Udo has an 8-step process for living well. He is well studied in biochemistry, genetics, biology, and nutrition... AND has a master's degree in counseling psychology. RESOURCES:Shop Udo's Choice:https://www.udoschoice.com/Get the Book "Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill"https://amzn.to/3PbreCUVisit Udo Erasmus website:https://udoerasmus.com/Visit the Blog Show Page:https://drhaley.com/real-foodTIMESTAMPS00:00 - INTRO SNIP02:34 - The concept of "life extension"03:05 - What is Health?04:30 - What is life?07:17 - How does the sun's solar energy get converted into life?10:38 - How God talks to us and do we listen?14:40 - Where does heartache come from?16:22 - What does it mean to "Walk in the Spirit"?19:45 - What is the definition of nutrition and how much does it have to do with diet?20:26 - What are the elements and components that make human health?22:05 - What went wrong with the food supply?25:18 - What is the purpose of life?27:50 - How related are poor diet and psychological problems?31:50 - What are the standards for "real food"32:32 - How do you get free probiotics?34:47 - what probiotic can help prevent colon problems?35:31 - where do probiotics come from in nature?36:20 - where do digestive enzymes come from?48:14 - What are Essential Nutrients?51:13 - how are oils and their nutrients damaged?54:50 - how do you prevent your supplemental oils from going rancid?57:25 - what happens when you have too many omega 3 oils and not enough omega 6?58:24 - why is there controversy about seed oils?

Kultur – detektor.fm
UDO!, Flawless, Kevin – Allein zu Haus

Kultur – detektor.fm

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 21, 2024 5:48


In der ARD-Mediathek schaut sich „UDO!“ das Leben eines Jahrhundertkünstlers an. Auf Filmfriend schmieden Michael Caine und Demi Moore in „Flawless“ als ungleiches Duo einen raffinierten Diebesplan. Und Disney+ bringt mit „Kevin — Allein zu Haus“ den ultimativen Weihnachtsklassiker. Hier entlang geht's zu den Links unserer Werbepartner: https://detektor.fm/werbepartner/was-laeuft-heute >> Artikel zum Nachlesen: https://detektor.fm/kultur/was-laeuft-heute-udo-flawless-kevin-allein-zu-haus

Fusionary Health
Ep. 90 - The Hidden Dangers of Processed Oils: How to Protect Your Health with Udo Erasmus

Fusionary Health

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 17, 2024 75:22


In this episode of the Fusionary Health Podcast, Dr. Shivani Gupta speaks with Udo Erasmus, a renowned health expert, author of Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill, and the founder of Udo's Oil. They discuss the profound impact of healthy oils, the importance of balancing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and the dangers of consuming processed oils. Udo shares his incredible journey from pesticide poisoning to creating Udo's Oil and revolutionizing our approach to fats. Key Highlights: •        The Dangers of Damaged Oils: Udo explains how processed oils, exposed to heat, light, and chemicals, can cause inflammation and chronic disease, with even a tablespoon containing 60 quintillion toxic molecules.  •        Omega-3 & Omega-6 Balance: Learn why balancing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids is essential for reducing inflammation and promoting overall wellness.  •        Why Fish Oil Isn't the Solution: Udo reveals why fish oil can be harmful and why plant-based omega-3 sources, like flax oil, are a safer and effective alternative.  •        The Real Problem with Omega-6s: It's not omega-6 itself but the processed oils high in omega-6 that lead to inflammation when consumed excessively.  •        Ayurvedic Oil Practices: Udo shares how traditional practices like oil pulling and body massages can be beneficial when done with high-quality oils that are processed with health in mind.  •        Turmeric's Role with Omega-3s: Discover how turmeric helps the body convert omega-3s into anti-inflammatory molecules, offering an added layer of healing.  •        Fresh, Whole, Organic Foods: Udo advocates for an ancestral diet of fresh, raw, organic foods to support optimal health, free from processed oils. •        Flax Oil and Estrogen Dominance Myths: Udo debunks concerns about flax oil and estrogen dominance, explaining how it supports hormonal balance. •        Flax Seed for Omega-3 Supplementation: Udo provides practical advice on incorporating flax seeds into your diet, emphasizing the importance of grinding them fresh for maximum benefit. Why You Should Watch: If you're looking to enhance your health by making smarter choices with oils and fats, this episode is for you. Udo Erasmus provides valuable insights into how the right oils can reduce inflammation, improve skin health, and support overall wellness. Tune in to learn how making simple changes in your diet can lead to profound benefits for your well-being! Learn more about our host visit: www.shivanigupta.com Show sponsored by Fusionary Formulas. Visit www.fusionaryformulas.com use code FUSIONARYHEALTH for 15% off your entire order. #UdoErasmus #HealthyOils #Omega3 #Omega6 #TurmericPower #InflammationRelief #PlantBasedHealth #FlaxOil #EssentialFats #HolisticHealth #GutHealth #ProcessedOils #InflammationHealing #NaturalWellness #AyurvedicPractices #CleanEating #AntiInflammatoryFoods #HealthyFats #WholeFoodNutrition #OilPulling #WellnessJourney  

The Dr. Joy Kong Podcast
How Healthy Fats Can Transform Your Body, Mind, and Spirit | Udo Erasmus

The Dr. Joy Kong Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 17, 2024 77:52


Are you feeling drained and looking to boost your energy levels naturally? Then this is the episode for you!In it, I sit down with Udo Erasmus, an expert in health food and the co-founder of Udo's Choice line, which can be found in Whole Foods and other health food stores worldwide.Udo walked a difficult path to become the man he is today. Being a child of war, Udo's life began with intense struggle. As an adult, he got pesticide poisoning in 1980, leaving doctors at a loss regarding treatment. Deciding to take his health into his own hands, Udo began researching, and his discoveries led him to a passion for finding the answers to life's biggest questions which would hopefully one day bring him and the world peace.In this episode, Udo and I discuss what he discovered during all his years of research: how important healthy fats are for a healthy body.Listen in as he and I talk about the role of essential fatty acids and why you need to add them to your diet, how processed oils damage our bodies, why you need to add more Omega-3 rich foods to your diet, and so much more.Are you ready?Let's dive in!Key Takeaways:Introduction (00:00)Udo's childhood (01:12)Let's talk about oil (20:22)Oils recommended by Udo (37:44)Discussing Omega-3 oils (42:52)Oil processing (49:48)What about animal fat? (55:17)How Udo's product is affecting people's health (01:04:34)Additional Resources:✨ Get your FREE digital draft copy of the brand new “Your Body Needs An Oil Change” book:https://udoerasmus.com/DrJoyKong✨ Use coupon code DRJOY to get 15% off for Udo's oils on the Flora Health Shop or go to:https://www.florahealth.com/discount/DRJOY?redirect=%2Fcollections%2Fudos-choice✨ Learn more about how to live a long and pain-free life: www.drjoykong.com —Dr. Joy Kong is a regenerative medicine and anti-aging expert. Her podcast is part of her mission to reduce suffering and elevate happiness. Join us every week for the latest holistic health insights that will help you live a long and pain-free life.

Energy Medicine: Align Your Mind, Body, and Spirit!
Total Sacred Health: Living Life Lit Up from Within | Udo Erasmus, Author

Energy Medicine: Align Your Mind, Body, and Spirit!

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 17, 2024 27:20


The legendary Udo Erasmus is the co-founder of Udo's Choice line, which can be found in Whole Foods and other health food stores worldwide.  Udo designed the machinery for making oils with health in mind and pioneered flax oil, a billion dollar industry.  However, Udo walked a difficult path to become the man he is today. Being a child of war, Udo's life began with intense struggle. As an adult, he got pesticide poisoning in 1980, leaving doctors at a loss regarding treatment. Deciding to take his health into his own hands, Udo began researching, and his discoveries led him to a passion for finding the answers to life's big questions which would hopefully one day bring him and the world peace.   In this episode, you will learn: An 8-step process that takes into consideration all of the elements of nature and human nature, including physical health, mental health, presence and awareness, life energy, and being in harmony with nature and humanity. How not all oils are created equal.  Get in touch with Udo Erasmus:: Website: https://udoerasmus.com/ Contact Dr. Mary:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dr.maryesanders/

PLANTBASED
Deshalb habe ich ein Buch über Zoos geschrieben. Für Kinder. - mit Kinderbuchautor Udo Taubitz

PLANTBASED

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 12, 2024 74:32


In dieser Episode spreche ich mit Udo Taubitz, einem vielseitigen Autor und Journalist, über seine Erfahrungen im Schreiben, die Herausforderungen des Autorenlebens und die Bedeutung von Kinderbüchern. Udo teilt seine Perspektiven auf Zoos und die Realität der Tierhaltung, während er sein neuestes Buch vorstellt, das die Themen Freiheit und Freundschaft behandelt. In dieser Episode diskutieren Udo und ich über die Lebensbedingungen von Tieren in Zoos, die ethischen Überlegungen hinter veganer Ernährung und die Herausforderungen, die mit der Erziehung von Kindern in einer veganen Familie verbunden sind. Udo teilt seine persönlichen Erfahrungen und die seiner Familie, während sie die Wichtigkeit von Aufklärung und positiver Ansprache von Tierschutzthemen betonen. Zudem wird der Wandel in der Akzeptanz von veganer Ernährung in der Gesellschaft thematisiert. In diesem Gespräch geht es um die Herausforderungen und Fortschritte in der veganen Ernährung, insbesondere im Catering-Bereich. Zudem reflektiert er über seine musikalischen Ambitionen aus der Kindheit und die Entstehung seiner eigenen Lieder. Udo spricht auch über seine Zukunftsvisionen, darunter kreative Projekte und den Wunsch, gesellschaftliche Veränderungen herbeizuführen, insbesondere in Bezug auf Massentierhaltung und Empathie in Schulen. Ein beeindruckender Autor, der sich für die einsetzt, die keine Stimme haben! Viel Spaß beim Anschauen!

Kirchensendungen - Deutschlandfunk
Die Büchse der Pandora

Kirchensendungen - Deutschlandfunk

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 30, 2024 3:52


Erzbischof Bentz, Udo www.deutschlandfunk.de, Morgenandacht

die b udo chse morgenandacht
Kirchensendungen - Deutschlandfunk
Wer sich des Guten nicht erinnert, hofft nicht!

Kirchensendungen - Deutschlandfunk

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 29, 2024 3:59


Erzbischof Bentz, Udo www.deutschlandfunk.de, Morgenandacht

Kirchensendungen - Deutschlandfunk

Erzbischof Bentz, Udo www.deutschlandfunk.de, Morgenandacht

sinn udo sechste morgenandacht
Kirchensendungen - Deutschlandfunk
Kinder brauchen Hoffnung

Kirchensendungen - Deutschlandfunk

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 27, 2024 4:07


Erzbischof Bentz, Udo www.deutschlandfunk.de, Morgenandacht

The JDE Connection
Ep 39 – De-customization with Pete Cotton Part 1

The JDE Connection

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 19, 2024 28:12


In this episode, hosts Chandra and Paul welcome Pete Cotton, a Business Analyst at Irex Solutions, to discuss the process and methodology of decustomizing JD Edwards EnterpriseOne (E1) instances. The conversation kicks off with the importance of reducing customizations to streamline the ability to stay code current and minimize upgrade overhead. Pete elaborates on the methodologies Irex employs, which include cataloging all customizations, identifying those that can be retired, and exploring the various JD Edwards user-defined object (UDO) tools such as form personalizations, form extensions, and orchestrations to replace custom code. The episode highlights the significance of understanding customizations at a granular level and leveraging new capabilities within JD Edwards to achieve business goals without extensive retrofitting. 02:25 A brief history of how we got here 05:58 Customizing the base object vs cloning the object debate 08:35 What is the goal of de-customization? 09:35 Step 1: Inventory and catalog your customizations 13:51 Step 2: Retire what you don't need 14:58 Step 3: Replace customizations with User-Defined Objects (UDO) 17:48 Real world examples of customizations that can be replaced with UDO's 24:49 Summary of what UDO to use when 25:39 Midwesternism of the day Resources: Custom Object Analyzer: https://docs.oracle.com/en/applications/jd-edwards/change-management/9.2.x/eotsu/customization-object-analyzer.html Custom Object Analyzer Tutorial: https://www.oracle.com/webfolder/technetwork/tutorials/jdedwards/Object%20Analyzer/COA.mp4 Understanding Customization Object Analyzer (Doc ID 1499756.1) https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocumentDisplay?_afrLoop=115464695465036&parent=EXTERNAL_SEARCH&sourceId=BULLETIN&id=1499756.1&_afrWindowMode=0&_adf.ctrl-state=ax2thxh30_4 If you have concerns or feedback on this episode or ideas for future episodes, please contact us at thejdeconnection@questoraclecommunity.org.

NachDenkSeiten – Die kritische Website
Farce um Udo Lindenbergs „Oberindianer“

NachDenkSeiten – Die kritische Website

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 31, 2024 6:23


Bundesweite Schlagzeilen verursacht momentan eine geplante Änderung im Text des Liedes „Sonderzug nach Pankow“ bei einer Veranstaltung in Berlin. Der Vorgang ist absurd und abzulehnen. Zusätzlich ist es bedauerlich, dass sich fast nur Konservative darüber empören. Von Tobias Riegel. Dieser Beitrag ist auch als Audio-Podcast verfügbar. In seinem Lied „Sonderzug nachWeiterlesen

INpowered Mind-INpowered Health - the keys to heart aligned living, with host Jayne Marquis
The Meaning of Life: Udo Erasmus Shares Profound Wisdom on Purpose and Joy

INpowered Mind-INpowered Health - the keys to heart aligned living, with host Jayne Marquis

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 16, 2024 48:45


In this enlightening episode of Meltdown to Mastery, host Jayne Marquis, ND, is joined by the renowned Udo Erasmus, creator of Udo's Choice and a pioneer in the health and wellness world. Udo shares profound insights on some of life's biggest questions: Why are we here? What is our purpose? And how can we create joy amidst the complexity of modern life? Drawing on his vast experience in health, wellness, and spirituality, Udo delves into what it means to live with intention, find deeper meaning, and cultivate joy. He offers wisdom on aligning with our true purpose and navigating the challenges of the world with grace and fulfillment. This is a conversation that will inspire you to look within and discover new pathways to joy and purpose. Key Topics: The deeper meaning behind why we're here and our life's purpose Practical ways to create joy in a complex, often chaotic world Insights on living with intention and aligning with your true self Join us for a thought-provoking and transformative episode that will leave you with a renewed sense of purpose and the tools to live more joyfully. Tune in now! Meltdown to Mastery is a journey into discovering the parts of our subconscious mind. The place that holds our core beliefs, often learned from childhood, and can be responsible for reactions that  lead to meltdowns, crises, or feelings of midlife crisis. They  may also hold us back from true mastery where we effortlessly know how to manifest success, health, flow and abundance in our lives. Each episode holds key information to true life mastery. Mastery is a place where we learn Universal Law, mindfulness and  listen to  our own inner guidance, a place where health, and true manifestation flourish.  This link goes to most places Meltdown to Mastery is published, if you would like to engage from another platform. ⁠⁠⁠https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/jayne-marquis⁠⁠⁠ This podcast is for information purposes only and represents the views and opinions of the speakers. The information presented is not meant to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent disease. We recommend you seek the advice of a licensed healthcare practitioner before beginning any natural, complimentary, or conventional treatment.

Adjusted Reality
Fats That Heal: Unlocking the Secrets of Oil

Adjusted Reality

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 16, 2024 53:07


In this episode of the Adjusted Reality Podcast, we sit down with Udo Erasmus, a pioneer in the field of health and nutrition. Join us as we delve into his groundbreaking book, Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill, exploring the critical role of dietary fats in our overall well-being. Udo shares insights on the innovative machinery he developed for producing health-conscious oils, and discusses the benefits of flaxseed oil, digestive enzymes, and shares his personal nutrition journey. We'll uncover the science behind healthy fats, debunk common myths, and learn how to optimize our diets for better health. Whether you're a wellness enthusiast or simply curious about nutrition, this episode is packed with valuable information to help you make informed choices for a vibrant life. Tune in for a deep dive into the world of oils and wellness with one of the leading experts in the field!In the Adjusted Reality podcast, well-known athletes, celebrities, actors, chiropractors, influencers in the wellness industry, and other podcasters will talk with host Dr. Sherry McAllister, president, F4CP, about their experiences with health and wellness. As a special gift for listening today visit f4cp.org/health to get a copy of our mind, body, spirit eBook which focuses on many ways to optimize your health and the ones you love without the use of drugs or surgery. Follow Adjusted Reality on Instagram. Find A Doctor of Chiropractic Near You.Donate to Support the Chiropractic Profession Through Education.

This Functional Life
The Truth About Omega 3 and 6 Fats with Udo Erasmus

This Functional Life

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 9, 2024 39:22


You've probably heard a lot about omega-3 and omega-6 fats, but do you really know how they work in your body? In this episode, I'm chatting with Udo Erasmus, an expert in biochemistry, genetics, nutrition, author of "Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill," and Co-founder of Udo's Choice line, and we're getting into why these fatty acids are game-changers for your health. Udo shares how using oils the right way can improve everything from your energy to reducing inflammation—and even boost athletic performance. We're also clearing up some common misconceptions about plant-based proteins and omega-6 fats that you won't want to miss.   We also get into Udo's incredible life story, from being a WWII refugee to becoming a global leader in health and nutrition. His innovative approach to oil production and commitment to healing through nutrition has changed lives globally. Udo also shares his spiritual awakening and how it fuels his passion for helping others achieve optimal health. By the end of the episode, you'll be ready to make simple yet powerful changes that can profoundly impact your well-being.   And hey, if you're going through perimenopause, I've got something special for you. My new product, Estro Balance Mastery, is designed to help with those pesky hormone swings, brain fog, and night sweats. It's got all the good stuff—like flaxseed extract and green tea—to help you feel like yourself again. Head over to metabolicblueprint.com/pod10 for 10% off your first bottle, and let's get through this together! Key Takeaways: [05:17] Feeling unsafe inspired a lifelong quest for understanding. [08:09] Realization: everything sought externally is internal. [10:04] Life is in everyone; actions reflect on Christ. [14:59] Omega 6: essential yet potentially harmful nutrient. [16:11] Consider using organically grown seeds, and minimize pesticides. [20:31] Developed system to protect oil from contaminants. [25:27] Balance omega-3 intake; excessive consumption impairs health. [28:26] In vitro studies differ from human trials. [34:32] Health benefits from a plant-based, organic, fresh diet. [35:56] Seeds contain comparable or higher protein than meat. Memorable Quotes: "I developed a blend that is properly balanced so you cannot get hurt because I'm trying to help people. I don't want to make something that can actually hurt them. So that's why I moved away from flaxseed, and that's why we made a blend. And in the blend, the ratio between two omega 3 and omega 6 is perfect because omega 3s have more health benefits because they're missing in so many people." — Udo Erasmus   "They have never told you that there's damage done to those oils by industry, even before you fry them and correct even more. And that the fact that they've been damaged and you get all these damaged molecules hasn't made the news. So people don't know. And the people who write these books have done half their homework. They see the research, they say there are problems. Instead of blaming the damaged molecules for the problems, they're blaming an essential nutrient that you have to have for every cell in your body." — Udo Erasmus   Links Mentioned: Estro Balance Mastery (Get 10% OFF first order): https://metabolicblueprint.com/pod10/   Connect with Udo Erasmus: Website: https://udoerasmus.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/UdoErasmus Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/theudoerasmus/ LinkedIn: https://linkedin/UdoErasmus   Connect with Betty Murray: Living Well Dallas Website: https://www.livingwelldallas.com/ Hormone Reset Website: https://hormonereset.net/ Betty Murray Website: https://www.bettymurray.com/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BettyAMurrayCN/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bettymurray_phd/   Produced by Evolved Podcasting: www.evolvedpodcasting.com    

Healthy Home Hacks Podcast
108 | How to Find Peace in a Chaotic World

Healthy Home Hacks Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 7, 2024 61:55


He's baaaaaaaaaack! Udo Erasmus is with us again for part two. Udo is the co-founder of Udo's Choice line. Udo designed the machinery for making oils with health in mind and pioneered flax oil, a billion-dollar industry that we discussed at length in episode #102. Udo is an acclaimed speaker and author of many books, including the best-selling Fats That Heal Fats That Kill which has sold over 250,000 copies. In this episode, we're tackling the state of the world and how to navigate in today's chaotic times when the number of people seeking mental health care is trending upward including those with anxiety such as OCD and panic disorder, depression, PTSD, bipolar disorder and Schizophrenia. Mental health is definitely taking its toll and costing a lot of money. Depression and anxiety have a grave impact on the global economy equating to $1 trillion in lost productivity each year. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, anxiety and depressive disorders have grown exponentially. Depressive symptoms grew about 28% and anxiety disorders rose 25%. Young adults ages 18 to 25 in the U.S. have the highest rate of experiencing any mental health concerns. The percentage of U.S. adults receiving mental health treatment rose from 19.2% in 2019 to 21.6% in 2021. KEY TAKEAWAYS 1.    Mental health for modern times  2.    How to find and keep your power and light no matter how dark, confusing, and chaotic the world becomes 3.    Some go-to tools to keep our minds healthy and our hearts happy 4.    Simple steps anyone can do right now to improve their mood and uplevel their energy --> Be sure to snag your FREE gift: the first draft of Udo's new, upcoming book Your Body Needs An Oil Change" as well as a bonus video course at: https://udoerasmus.com/HealthyHomeHacks where you'll learn Bad oils out. Good oils in. If you do it right, you will look better, feel better, think better, do better, and be better! --> Please be sure to rate and subscribe to our show. Head to: www.HealthyHomeHacks.com for all of the show notes. 

Confidence Through Health
Being Present in Our Own Being w/ Udo Erasmus

Confidence Through Health

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 2, 2024 67:17


We can all individually and collectively benefit from living healthier lives. Udo Erasmus breaks down how we can find our inner health by addressing the heartache that feeds negative energy. Many of the world's problems may just disappear when we each live with an awareness of who we truly are, how we can work together to foster peace, and live in connection with nature.Udo Erasmus is the founder of Udo's Choice and author of the book Fats That Heal Fats that Kill, which has sold over 250,000 copies. As an acclaimed author and speaker, Udo has an 8-step process that takes into consideration all of the elements of nature and human nature, including physical health, mental health, presence and awareness, life energy, and being in harmony with nature and humanity. Udo's background includes studies in biochemistry, genetics, biology, and nutrition as well as a master's degree in counseling psychology.Follow Udo on Instagram @udoerasmus and learn more at udoerasmus.com Visit ConfidenceThroughHealth.com to find discounts to some of our favorite products.Follow me via All In Health and Wellness on Facebook or Instagram.Find my books on Amazon: No More Sugar Coating: Finding Your Happiness in a Crowded World and Confidence Through Health: Live the Healthy Lifestyle God DesignedProduction credit: Social Media Cowboys

Radical Health Rebel
115 - Demystifying Fats & Oils for Optimal Health with Udo Erasmus

Radical Health Rebel

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 30, 2024 86:21 Transcription Available


Have you ever wondered why some oils are beneficial while others can wreak havoc on your health? Join us as we sit down with Udo Erasmus, the visionary force behind Udo's Choice Oils, who demystifies the world of fats and oils. At 82, Udo's wisdom on how high temperatures and chemical treatments in oil production create toxic byproducts is invaluable. This episode peels back the layers of health misconceptions, highlighting the critical role of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids and the importance of using organically grown seeds.Our conversation doesn't stop at oils. Udo shares his profound life journey, from escaping a war-torn Europe to finding peace and purpose in the Canadian wilderness. His philosophy of life energy as unconditional love offers a refreshing perspective on personal growth and healing. Through meditation and internal awareness, Udo teaches us how to transform our health and life, drawing from his experiences of resilience and renewal. His reflections on the importance of internal stillness and pursuing peace are both moving and inspirational.Finally, we explore Udo's holistic "total sexy health" approach, which integrates body, mind, and spirit for optimal well-being. This isn't just about dietary choices; it's about aligning your entire lifestyle with health and nature, even in urban settings. Udo's insights into the pitfalls of processed foods and the significance of balancing our diets with high-quality fats are game-changers. Tune in for a compelling discussion that promises to revolutionize your understanding of true health and well-being.We discussed:0:00Revolutionizing Health With Udo Erasmus11:34The Hidden Dangers of Cooking Oils27:12Life Journey of Peace and Reflection43:19Navigating the Truth About Oils47:25The Truth About Cooking Oils1:03:04Journey to Internal Awareness and Health1:19:57Total HealthYou can find Udo @:Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/theudoerasmus/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/udoerasmus/Send us a textSupport the showDon't forget to leave a Rating for the podcast!You can find Leigh @:Leigh website - https://www.bodychek.co.uk/Leigh's books - https://www.bodychek.co.uk/books/ Eliminate Adult Acne Programme - https://eliminateadultacne.com/Radical Health Rebel YouTube Channel - https://www.youtube.com/@radicalhealthrebelpodcast

SHOCKWAVES SKULLSESSIONS
CAP | How Does Udo Spend His Time Off Tour?

SHOCKWAVES SKULLSESSIONS

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 2, 2024 21:49


Support Our Sponsor: CAUSE & EFFECT: TURBO by Chris Akin. https://amzn.to/2HRJ6n3 On this episode of CHRIS AKIN PRESENTS..., Chris sits down with Udo and Sven Dirkschneider of U.D.O. They discuss the band's upcoming US tour in support of their latest album, TOUCHDOWN. The Dirkschneiders open up about the challenges that led to the original tour's postponement. They also share their plans for the next 12 months, including new music and more tours. Udo reflects on how he spends his time when he's not on the road or in the studio. This is an inside look at the life and future of one of metal's legendary voices. #UdoDirkschneider #UDOBand #MetalTour2024 #HeavyMetal #ChrisAkinPresents **NOTE: Everything said here, and on every episode of all of our shows are 100% the opinions of the hosts. Nothing is stated as fact. Do your own research to see if their opinions are true or not.** Please SUBSCRIBE, click the notification bell, leave a comment or a like, and share this episode!

It’s All About Health & Fitness
#289.Health and Nature Approach to Healthy Living with Udo Erasmus

It’s All About Health & Fitness

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 29, 2024 75:00


We talk about health and nature and their relationship to health and well-being. Joining us is Udo Erasmus, a best-selling author and founder of Udo's Choice, a healthy oils, digestive enzymes, greens, and other cutting edge health product line.  Udo will share with us his story and discuss his 8-step process that integrates health and nature for improvements in physical and mental health.

The Hacked Life
The Need for Balancing Omega-3 and Omega-6 Intake - Udo Erasmus : 324

The Hacked Life

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 8, 2024 70:06


"We have more than a million damaged molecules for every one of our body's 60 trillion cells." Udo Erasmus, an oil expert and bestselling author, shares his fascinating story and journey into the world of oils. He discusses the importance of understanding the differences between seed oils and saturated fat oils. Erasmus emphasizes the need for care in the processing of oils to prevent damage and toxicity. He highlights the essential nature of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and the importance of balancing their intake. Erasmus also discusses the negative effects of pesticides and plastics in oils and the need for organic and high-quality sources. Udo Erasmus discusses the importance of using oils that are not damaged or toxic for optimal health. He shares his personal experience of becoming omega-6 deficient on flax oil and the symptoms he experienced. Erasmus explains the difference between damaged and undamaged oils and the various ways oils can be damaged during processing. He emphasizes the need for oils made with health in mind and the benefits of his blend called Udo's oil. Erasmus also discusses the misinformation surrounding omega-6s and the lack of research on oils made with health in mind. He highlights the importance of cooking with water instead of frying and the detrimental effects of frying on health. Erasmus also explains the detoxification benefits of oils and their role in skin health, cardiovascular health, brain health, and overall well-being. He mentions the positive effects of oils on autism and addiction. Erasmus concludes by emphasizing the essential nature of oils and the need for a balanced intake of essential fatty acids. Takeaways ✅ Understanding the differences between seed oils and saturated fat oils is crucial for making informed dietary choices. ✅ Pesticides and plastics in oils can have negative effects on health, highlighting the importance of choosing organic and high-quality sources. Use oils that are not damaged or toxic for optimal health ✅ Flax oil can make you omega-6 deficient if used as the only source of fat in the diet ✅ Oils can be damaged by light, oxygen, and heat during processing ✅ Cooking with water is healthier than frying ✅ Oils can be used for detoxification through sweating, oil enemas, and oil pulling ✅ Oils play a crucial role in skin health, cardiovascular health, brain health, and overall well-being ✅ Oils can have positive effects on autism and addiction ✅ A balanced intake of essential fatty acids is essential for overall health Chapters 00:00 Introduction: Udo Erasmus and His Expertise in Oils 02:05 Udo's Background and Journey 05:16 The Quest for Harmony and Self-Knowledge 08:50 The Importance of Stillness Practice 13:05 The Impact of Stillness and Nature on Presence 17:53 The Power of Simple Practices for Inner Peace 22:44 The Damaging Effects of Oil Processing 27:53 The Magnitude of Damaged Molecules in Oils 30:51 The Misconceptions About Seed Oils and Omega Fatty Acids 34:52 The Success of Flaxseed Oil and Udo's Mission 39:08 The Dangers of Frying 44:29 The Uselessness of Fish Oils 49:45 The Sensitivity of Fish Oil Molecules 54:51 Detoxification with Oil Enemas 01:00:29 The Role of Essential Fatty Acids in Overall Health 01:04:45 Omega-3s and Cytokine Storm 01:07:36 Oils for Performance and Recovery

Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan

We are finally starting to get into the Taika era and the Taika reforms, which would really start the transformation of Yamato into the bureaucratic state of the Nara period.  This episode, we look back at how the Yamato state had been changing up to this point, some of the possible influences and precursors, and then dive into some of the first edicts, largely dealing with sending out governors to the provinces.  These governors, or "kokushi", were originally temporary positions, limited in what they could do.  More info over at https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/episode-108  Rough Transcript   Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua and this is Episode 108: The Great Change ……………….. The Kuni no Miyatsuko, hereditary leader of his lands, likely heard the news before they arrived.  Apparently Yamato was sending out an official—a kokushi—who was going to be doing some sort of survey.  Whatever.  Just another person from Yamato's court—what did it matter?  His family had been in charge of the local lands for as long as anyone remembered, and while they might give nominal fealty to the Oho-kimi in Yamato, along with the occasional bit of taxes, paid in rice, what consequence was it to him?  Some might say he was a big fish in a small pond, but it was his pond.  Always had been, and always would be.  Wouldn't it? ……………….. And we are back with our regular chronological podcast, and we are finally going to pick back up on the fall out from the events of 645, the Isshi Incident, when Prince Naka no Oe orchestrated the murder of Soga no Iruka, and later his father, Soga no Emishi, in full view of the court, including his mother, Takara, aka Kougyoku Tennou.  That incident would be the start of Naka no Oe's own rise to power and the reshaping of Yamato from the its longstanding clan based system of government to a new national government of laws and punishments, known generally as the Ritsuryo system.  This episode we'll dive into this new system and the so-called “Taika reforms” that brought it about, the changes it ushered in, and the ripples this sent throughout the entire archipelago.     The term “Taika” itself means “Great Change”, and it isn't clear to me if it was picked because they expected to be making big changes or after the fact, but in the minds of most Japanese historians it is quite accurate. The entire system actually took about a century or so to really come together—we often think of the Ritsuryo system as it was in its final version.  This period, though, is where things kicked off, so we'll be setting the stage and talking about some of the edicts during this period that eventually became the written code of the Ritsuryo system.  This was started by Naka no Oe who, spoiler alert, would eventually reign as sovereign and be known as Tenchi Tennou.  The system he helps put into place would continue to be used and refined even after his death and even after the end of the period covered by the Nihon Shoki. So after some background, we'll get to some of the very first edicts this episode, and then spend more time on them again, in the future. The RitsuryoThe Ritsuryo system was based largely on continental models, with Confucian ideals and the legal code of the Tang dynasty having particular influence.  And as we discuss these changes, which were huge, I'll start with some clarifications and caveats.  This was a system of government based largely on continental models, with Confucian ideals and the legal code of the Tang dynasty having particular influence.  That   One of the first things to emphasize is that said, itthis wasn't exactly an immediate revolution and reformation.  Based on the entries in the Nihon Shoki, some of the work had already  been started long before Naka no Oe came on the scene, largely attributed to the influence of Prince Umayado, aka Shotoku Taishi, and things like the 17 article constitution and rank system, which we discussed back in episode 95.  And even after its initial implementation, there would come various tweaks to the system.  Although there are numerous edicts made in the initial years of what is known as the Taika era, leading this change to often be given the nickname of the “Taika reforms”, the earliest formal administrative codes would come much later, firming up in the 8th century. Another thing to keep in mind as we realize, as we start looking at these changes is that the Yamato courtit didn't necessarily discard the old system, either.  Changes like this take time, and something even if it is implemented for a year or two , it might not stick.  This is one of the reasons that it is important that two of the apparent architects of the new system for these changes were there present through much of its implementation, actively guiding and shaping the process direction that the changes would take.  These two individuals at wereas Prince Naka no Oe and Nakatomi no Kamako, later known in this reign as Kamatari, which is the name I'm going to use from here on out as it is the much more well known in case anyone decides to look up information later. Finally, I would also note that many of these changes were being applied at the level of the elites of society, how they organized power and how they approached governance – but  we should also spare a thought for how this affected the majority of people.  After all, it was the majority of people who were working the fields, cutting the wood, or fishing the seas.  The elites were often otherwise engaged, and whichthat isn't to say that they did nothing.  Often they were coordinating and bringing things together, but that was a smaller part of the overall population.  In these reforms we get to see some rare glimpses into how all of thisit may have affected people beyond just the court elites. To set this up, let's start with a look at what brought us here, and how things changed over time and how they had governed things up until now—or at least as best as we can make out from our various sources.  From there we can take a look at some of the earliest edicts related to the changes evolution in the government, focusing how they focused on consolidating the power and support at the center of the Yamato court and starteding to make more concrete Yamato's control across the rest of the archipelago. We've covered much of the development of complex society in Yamato this in previous episodes:  How Yayoi society came with or at least introduced a form of stratification evident in graves, grave goods, as well as other patterns of lifeways.  Local elites rose up to oversee communities, and eventually extended their influence, creating the various “kuni”, or countries—regional collections of communities that came together under a leadership structure and some shared cultural values.   Some of the earliest stories give us the Hiko-Hime leadership structure, often with a male and female head of state, though sometimes shown as elder and younger co-rulers.  This is backed up by some evidence in the kofun era, as we see large, single-purpose tomb mounds built for what we can only assume are the elite.  Their construction would have required control of a large labor force, indicating a certain amount of their power, and their shape and various burial goods have further suggested, at least to scholars like Kishimoto, that there may have been a division of rulership, at least early on. We've talked about the spread of Yamato style round keyhole shaped kofun through the archipelago and how the popularity of that kofun shape demonstrated Yamato's influence but  in the shape of their kofun, but that didn't necessarily accompany a change in  change the actual dynamics of local government, other than demonstrating Yamato's increased influence.  The next thing we see in the record, I would argue, is the change to a familial based system, or the Bemin-sei.  This is what we've talked about periodically in terms of both the uji, familial groups or clans, and the “be” familial or occupational groups, but here I'll give an overview of the whole practice and what its development means in the sense of changing approaches to organizing and governing a complex society. The Bemin system was a means of further dividing and categorizing people in society, .  It is  rooted in continental concepts of a familial group.  Prior to the 5th century, there isn't a clear indication of familial clans in Yamato, though that doesn't mean people didn't know where they were from.  They still remembered who their ancestors were, and that was important, often tracing back to mythical and legendary individuals who are recorded as gods, or kami.  I suspect, however, that in the smaller communities of the Yayoi period, where you were from was as a good an indicator of your relationships as anything else.  Farming is a pretty sedentary lifestyle, and if you know all of your neighbors there isn't as much need to divide each other up into specific familial groups.  It was more important that I'm from this village or region than I'm from this particular family. And so the oldest stories in the Nihon Shoki and the Kojiki only refer to individuals by their names or by locatives.  Occasionally we will be told that so-and-so was an ancestor of this or that uji, or clan, but it is telling that they don't use the clan name with that person. Surnames do become important, however, in the Bemin system.  But they are only really important for those in the upper tiers of society.  Amongst the farmers and other commoners—the heimin—you often won't find specific surnames, or people will use pure locatives or something similar to refer to a person.  Surnames were for people a little further up the social food chain. From what we can tell, the uji structure likely started with the “-Be” families, trying to set up groups of individuals who were in charge of certain economic activities beyond just farming the land.  The Imbe, the Mononobe, the Abe, the Kuratsukuribe, and the Kusakabe are all examples of family names ending in “-Be”.  Some, like Kuratsukuribe, Inukaibe, and Umakaibe are all fairly straightforward:  These are groups that were set up around particular industries.  Kuratsukuri literally means “saddle-making”, so the Kuratsukuri-be are the saddlemakers.  Inukai and Umakai refer to the ones who kept or raised the dogs and horses. Setting up a familial or clan unit around a certain profession was one way of organizing society so that you had the things that you needed.  Such jobs were often inherited, anyway, passing from father to son, mother to daughter, etc.  So it makes some sense.  And the clan, or uji, structure meant that there was a person or persons at the head of the familial unit who could be responsible for coordinating efforts across different, sometimes dispersed, groups of people. The thing is, there is no indication that the people in these professions were necessarily related to each other prior to this organization, and in many ways the idea that they were a family with a common ancestor was a created fiction.  There may have been some relationship—for instance, weaver groups were often centered on immigrant groups that came over from the continent with knowledge of specific techniques, so there was likely some pre-existing relationship, but they weren't necessarily what we would consider family, related by blood, to one another. Over time these groups became actual clans—children were born into them and remained, unless they specifically were split off into a different uji for some reason.  Some of them dropped the “-Be” part of their name—in some instances it seems this may have created a distinction between the line at the head of the clan vice the other members, but that distinction isn't entirely clear.  Furthermore, members of these clans were not, ultimately, restricted to the hereditary jobs for which the clan had been created.  There are also clans that appear to be more about location, possibly local rulers or magnates.  For example, there are the Munakata and the Miwa, referring to local chiefs or lords of the Munakata and Miwa areas, both important ritual areas. The clans formed another function as well, as each clan had a kabane, which was an early form of social rank.  Some of these ranks appear to have come from titles or positions.  So, for instance, you have the Omi, the Muraji, the Kimi, and the Atahe.  Early on, Muraji appears to be the more prestigious title, with the Ohomuraji being the head of a Muraji level house that was also a key member of the government.  Omi, meaning minister, eventually came to be seen as more prestigious, however.  Meanwhile, both were more presitiousprestigious than the term “Kimi”, although that may have originated as a term for the rulers of the local countries, which makes sense if you consider that the Yamato sovereign was the Oho-kimi, or the Great Kimi, much as the Oho-omi was in charge of an Omi group and the Ohomuraji was in charge of a Muraji level house.  There are also Omi and Muraji households for whom there is no Oho-omi or Oho-muraji ever mentioned, but only members of the Omi and Muraji ranked families were considered for positions at the top of the court hierarchy.  This All of this clan and rank system began to change in the 6th century during the reign of Toyomike Kashikiya Hime, aka Suiko Tenno, with the introduction of the 17 article constitution and new rank system.  While both of these developments are of debatable veracity, since the chroniclers likely made this change seem much more structured than it actually was in practice, —there is probably at least something to the idea that the Yamato court y werewas adopting more continental ideas regarding state governance.  The rank system, in particular, was a step towards recognizing individuals above simply their inherited social position.  While kabane rank was applied to an entire uji, the new rank was applied to individuals alone, meaning that an individual could be recognized without necessarily rewarding every other person holding their same surname.  At the same time, more and more books were coming in from the continent.  Some of these were focused on the new Buddhist religion, but there were also other works, based on a variety of subjects and introducing the Yamato court to some of the philosophical ideas of what government should be.  And then there were various envoys sent to the Sui and Tang courts in the early 7th century, where they would have seen how things were working there. Nonetheless, to be clear, we don't know it is unclear just how far Yamato control extended across the archipelago.  We know that in the 5th century there were individuals who considered themselves part of the Yamato court structure from the Kantou to Kyuushuu.  In the Nihon Shoki, we also see the establishment of Miyake up and down the archipelago, from as far out as Kamitsukenu, aka Kozuke, to the western edge of Kyushu, in the early 6th century.  These were areas of rice-land which owed their output to the Yamato court or a particular endeavor.  They would have had officials there tied to the court to oversee the miyake, providing a local court presence, but how much this translated into direct Yamato control is hard to say. Then there is the Dazai , the Yamato outpost in Kyushu,  set up in the area of Tsukushi, modern Fukuoka Prefecture, largely following the Iwai Rebellion, and which we .  We talked about this some in the Gishiwajinden Tour episode about Ito and Na, extending a more directand how the Yamato government extended a more direct, and explicitly military, presence in Kyushu. Still, the individual lands of places like Hi, Toyo, Kibi, Owari, or Musashi were all governed by the Kuni no Miyatsuko, the Yamato court's term for the various chieftains or rulers of the different lands. And that gets us roughly to the situation where we are now, in 645.  Prince Naka no Oe hadand been talking with his good friend Nakatomi no Kamatari about how things should be, ever since the day that Kamatari had helped him out at a kemari game—something akin to group hackey-sack with a volleyball.  As we've discussed in past episodes, a lot of this sense of “how things should be” related to nipping the power of Soga no Iruka and Soga no Emishi in the bud, cutting off what they no doubt saw as a thread to imperial power and the ”right way of doing things”.  But Tthe two had also been taking lessons from the Priest Minabuchi, and, like students everywhere, they thought they had figured this whole government thing out as well.  They'd been reading the classics and would have had access to the reports from various envoys and ambassadors to the Tang court.  The last one had left in 630 and returned in 632.  They would no doubt have seen the workings of the Tang dynasty law code of 624 and the subsequent update in 627.  Naka no Oe and Kamatari may have even heard news of the update in 637. Thise law code, implemented by Tang Taizong, relied on Confucian and Legalist theory.  It wasn't the first law code in East Asia, or even the Yellow River basin , but it is one of the most significant and influential, and the earliest for which we have the actual code itself—though the extant version is from 653, about eight years after the events of 645., butHowever, as we'll see, all of this was well withing the timeframe which the Ritsuryo system was used and updated, itself. So, Naka no Oe and Kamatari have a shiny new document in their hands, promising an organized system of government very different from the status quo in Yamato to date.  However, the Tang law code did have a problem:  It was undeniably centered in the imperial culture of the Yellow River and Yangzi River basins.  These areas had long had the concept of empire, and even in the chaotic period of the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Northern and Southern dynasties, the concept of an empire that ruled “All Under Heaven”, or “Tianxia” was something that people generally accepted.  The Wa polities of the Japanese archipelago, even as they were now consuming media from the continent, still operated under their own cultural imaginaries of how the world was ordered and how government operated.  And so the code couldn't just be adopted wholesale:  It would have to be adapted to the needs and demands of the Wa polity. I should note that this was unlikely the reforms that took place in Yamato were sole effort of Naka no Oe and Kamatari, and much of what is written suggests that this wasn't done simply through autocratic fiat, but included some key politicking.  This started even before the Isshi Incident.  Kamatari already had close ties with Prince Karu before he met with Naka no Oe.  Kamatari and Naka no Oe had also brought Soga no Kurayamada no Ishikawa no Maro into their confidence, a member of the Soga family.  The Fujiwara family history, the Toushi Kaden, compiled by Fujiwara Nakamaro in the 8th century, describes Maro—referenced as Soga no Yamada—as a man of particular and upright character.  He also appears to have had a beef with his cousin , Soga no Iruka, and was ambitious. I'm not sure just how much Naka no Oe and Kamatari were sharing their plans about reforming the State at this point, or if they were simply concentrating efforts on bringing down—that is to say murdering—Soga no Iruka. The Toushi Kaden mentions that others were also brought around to at least the idea that something had to be done about Soga no Iruka, though nobody was quite willing to speak out for fear of Soga no Iruka and his father, Emishi, and what they could do to someone's reputation—or worse.  After all, Soga no Iruka had only   recently killed the Prince Yamashiro no Oe, reportedly as part of a plot to ensure Prince Furubito would be next elevated to the throne.  On the other hand, not much information seems to be given about the reforms until they are enacted. And so after the Isshi Incident, we see our murderous firebrands taking the reins of power.  As we noted back in episode 106, Prince Karu was encouraged to take the throne, while Prince Furubito no Ohoye retired from the world and took orders at a temple in Yoshino.  Naka no Oe had been offered the throne, we are told, but turned it down, as the optics on it would not have been great.  Not only because he was clearly responsible for the death of Soga no Iruka and his father, and thus his mother's abdication.  However, he could still be made Crown Prince, and keep right on going with his ambitions to change up the way things were done in the Yamato government. Although Naka no Oe and Kamatari get most of the credit, the work required the cooperation—or at least consent—of the newly made sovereign, Prince Karu, also known as Ame Yorozu Toyohi, later styled as Koutoku Tennou.  After all, it would be his edicts that would lay out the new system, and his name that would be attached to it.   One good example is a change that came immediately: Meanwhile, in place of Soga no Iruka as Oho-omi, Karu selected two individuals to take his place, dividing up the position of Oho-omi into ministers of the Left and Right.  The first was Abe no Omi no Uchimaro, as Minister of the Left, and then Soga no Kurayamada no Omi no Ishikawa no Maro, Naka no Oe's recently made father-in-law, was made the Minister of the Right.  These positions, later known as the Sadaijin and Udaijin, would continue to be two of the most powerful civil positions in the Ritsuryo and later Japanese governments.  The Minister of the Left, the Sadaijin, was often considered the senior of the two. By the way, “Daijin” is just a sinified reading applied to the characters used for “Oho-omi”, or great minister.  This means that the Minister of the Left, the Sadaijin, could just as easily be called the Oho-omi of the Left, or something similar.  This actually causes a bit of confusion, especially in translation, but just realize that this is effectively just a rebranding, and not entirely a new name.  What was new was this idea that they were broken into the Left and the Right a distinction that would mean a lot more once more of the bureaucratic offices and functionaries were properly defined. Who were these two new ministers? Abe no Uchimaro has popped up a few times in the narrative.  He was an experienced courtier.  The Abe family had been moving within the halls of power for some time, and had even stood up to the Soga family when Soga no Umako had tried to acquire their lands in Katsuraki, making an ancestral claim.  Uchimaro had also been involved in the discussions regarding Princes Tamura and Yamashiro no Oe after the death of Kashikya Hime, hosting one of the dinners during which the delicate issue of succession was discussed.  He was clearly a politician of the first order.  Of course, Soga no Kurayamada had clearly earned his position through his connections with the conspirators. , bBut what about Nakatomi no Kamatari?  Well, he wasn't exactly left out in the cold.  Nakatomi no Kamatari was made the Naijin, the Minister, or “Omi”, of the Middle or the Minister of the Interior, implying that he had some authority over the royal household itself.  This feels like a created position, possibly to allow him the freedom to help with the primary work of transforming the Yamato government. Although Naka no Oe and Kamatari get most of the credit, the work required the cooperation—or at least consent—of the newly made sovereign, Prince Karu, also known as Ame Yorozu Toyohi, later styled as Koutoku Tennou.  After all, it would be his edicts that would lay out the new system, and his name that would be attached to it. One of the first things that is recorded in the Nihon Shoki was the declaration of a nengo, or era name.  Up to this point, years in Yamato were remembered by the reign of the sovereign—typically based on their palace.  So you would see things like the second year of the reign of the sovereign of Shiki palace, or something like that.  In addition, at least since about the 6th century, if not earlier, years would eventually be given the appropriate sexagesimal year name, combing one of the ten stems and twelve branches.  For example, 2024, when this episode is coming out, is the year of the Wood Dragon, or Kinoe-tatsu.  This is still used for various Japanese traditionspractice still continues today in Japan for various reasons. The Nengo was something newly introduced to Japan, however: .  Aan era name would be chosen by the sovereign, often based on important changes that either had occurred or even as a wish for something new.  So you would we see a new nengo with the ascension of a new sovereign, but it couldan also come because of an auspicious omen or because of a terrible disaster and hope for something new.  The current nengo, which started with the reign of Emperor Naruhito a few years back, is “Reiwa”. This very first nengo, we are told, was “Taika”, meaning, as I said up front, “Great Change”.  It certainly was apropos to the work at hand.  So let's go through the Chronicles and see some of the “great changes” occurring at the Yamato court now that the intention had been made clear.  We already talked about the change from an single Oho-omi to ministers of the Left and Right, but there were many other Some of the first things were to set up various newly created officials and positions.  An example is , such as two doctors, or Hakase – doctors in the sense of learned experts, not medical doctors, although medicine was certainly revered.  One of these new Hakase was the Priest Min, presumably the same one who had brought back astronomical knowledge from the Sui dynasty, possibly the same as the one known as Sho'an.  The other was Takamuko no Fubito no Kuromaro, who had gone to the Sui Dynasty with Min and others and come back with knowledge of how things worked on the continent.  The Takamuko family had immigrant roots as descendants of the Ayabito, and Kuromaro was well traveled, returning from the Sui court by way of Silla.  These two were well positioned to help with the work at hand. Now that the rudiments of a cabinet were in place, Oone of the first problems set before things after setting up their cabinet, as it were, was to askthe their new Ministers of the Right and Left, as well as the various officials, the Daibu and the Tomo no Miyatsuko, was how tohey should  get people to acquiesce to forced, or corvee labor—the idea that for certain government projects villages could be called upon to provide manual labor in the form of a healthy adult—typically male—to help as needed.  This was a thorny problem, and evidently it was thought best to get expertise beyond the purely human.  The following day, tThe Udaijin, Soga no Ishikawa no Maro, suggested that the kami of Heaven and Earth should be worshipped and then affairs of government should be considered.  And so Yamato no Aya no Hirafu was sent to Wohari and Imbe no Obito no Komaro was sent to Mino, both to make offerings to the kami there for their assistance, it would seem, in setting up a good government. This is significant, in part, as it shows the continued importance of local traditions focused on appeasing the kami, rather than the Buddhist rituals that they could have likely turned to, instead. FinallyThree weeks later, on the 5th day of the 8th month—about three weeks later— camecomes the first truly major edict of the Taika era, which and it wasis to appoint new governors, or kokushi, of the eastern provinces.  Note that they specifically mention the Eastern Provinces, presumably meaning those east of Yamato, since they only sent out eight of them.  They also did not send them to usurp control, necessarily, from the Kuni no Miyatsuko of those areas.  The Kuni no Miyatsuko were still nominally in charge, it would seem, but the court was getting ready to make some major changes to the relationship. These governors were expected to go out and take a census of the people—both those free and those in bondage to others.  They were also to take account of all of the land currently under cultivation, likely to figure out how to tax it appropriately.  As for things other than arable land, such as gardens, ponds, rivers, oceans, lakes, mountains, etc., the edict commands the governors to consult with the people—presumably the people of the province—to get a better idea of what should be done. And this doesn't sound so bad.  It is basically just a tally of what is already there.  That said, anyone who has worked in a modern office probably knows about the dread that comes over a workplace when people show up from the Head Office with clipboards in hand.  However, apparently many of the people had not yet heard of a “clipboard” and likely didn't realize that this was only a precursor to greater and more centralized bureaucratic control. Now in addition to taking a zero-baseline review of provincial resources, there was also a list of what these new governors y were to avoid – clear boundaries around the power they were to wield.  For one thing, they were not to hear criminal cases.  They weren't there to be an extension of the Yamato court in such matters or to usurp the duties of the Kuni no Miyatsuko, one supposes.  Furthermore, when they were traveling to the capital, they were only to bring themselves and district officials, but not a huge retinue.  Whether they realized it or not, these kokushi were early bureaucrats in a burgeoning bureaucratic state, and they weren't supposed to be going out there to become minor kings in their own right; their power came from and was limited by the royal edict.  They also did not send them to usurp control, necessarily, from the Kuni no Miyatsuko of those areas.  The Kuni no Miyatsuko were still nominally in charge, it would seem, but the court was getting ready to make some major changes to the relationship. When traveling on official business, the governors could use appropriate government resources, such as the horses and food that they were entitled to.  Remember that post stations were set up, previously, to help better facilitate official travel and communication.  In a later edict it would be clarified that officials would be given a bronze token with bell-like figures on it.  The shape of the token would indicate what kinds of resources the individual was entitled to.  This applied to governors and their assistants.  Those who follow the rules could be rewarded with rank and more, while those who disobeyed would be reduced in rank, and any stipend that came with it.  Furthermore, any government official who was found taking a bribe would be liable to pay twice the amount, as well as being open to criminal punishment. The Chief Governor was allowed nine attendants, while the assistant was allowed seven, and a secretary—for which think more of the head of a branch office or department under the governor—could have five.  Any more, and the governor and followers could be punished for it. While in the provinces, the governors were expected to look into any claims of potentially false inheritance.  This included anyone using a false name or title to claim rights that were not theirs.  Governors were to first investigate what was going on before submitting their findings up to the court. Governors were also to erect arsenals on waste pieces of ground—ground that could not be cultivated for some reason.  In those arsenals they were to gather the various weapons and armor of the provinces and districts, presumably so that soldiers could be called up quickly and everyone could just get their equipment from one place, but it also looks like an attempt to take control of the means of violence.  Whether or not that was their direct intention I cannot say.  There was a provision for those on the frontier, with the Emishi, to allow the owners to keep their weapons, probably because the situation was potentially volatile, and it could turn at any moment. And so that was the first major piece of legislation:  Sending out governors to what are translated as “provinces”—though we are still using the term “kuni”, which equally refers to a state or country—ostensibly for the purposes of assessing the land, its value, the number of people, etc, but also to .  They are centralizeing military assets.   and they are given status as true court representatives.  I do notice that it was explicitly stated that these governors were for the eastern lands, .  presumably meaning those east of Yamato, since they only sent out eight of them These are areas that historically appear to have relied more on Yamato or else been something of a frontier area for the ethnic Wa people.  They may have been more open to Yamato's demands on their sovereignty. There were two more pieces to thise edict that didon't directly apply to the governors.  First off was the institution of a bell and a box to be set up at the court.  The box was basically a place to receive complaints about how things were going in the realm.  They are careful to note that complaints should be vetted by the Tomo no Miyatsuko, one of the hereditary government officials, or at least to the head of one's uji, if possible.  If they couldn't come to a decision, though, the complaints would be collected at dawn and then the government would look into them.  If anyone thought that there was a problem with how a complaint was being handled—for example, if they thought there was malfeasance involved or even just neglect, with officials not addressing it in a timely fashion, then the plaintiffs could go to the court and ring the bell, officially noting their dissatisfaction with the process. This idea of a bell and complaints seems to be a wide-ranging practice throughout Asia.  During the reign of the Legendary Yao, people were encouraged to nail their complaints to a tree.  Other edicts suggest that bells and drums were hung in royal palaces to allow common people to voice their grievances.  We have examples of the practice showing up in the Sukhothai kingdom of Thailand, during the 13th century reign of King Ramkhamhaeng, and then a 16th century example in what is now Myanmar, aka Burma.  While they differ in specifics, they are all related to the concept of royal justice even for the lowest of the people.  Granted, if you are a farmer in Owari province, I don't know how easy it was going to be to make your way over to the royal palace and ring that bell, but at least there was the idea that people could submit complaints. This was apparently used relatively soon after, as recounted in the second month of the following year, about six months later.  Apparently some person had placed a complaint in the box stating that people who had come to the capital on government business were being put to work and ill-used.  Basically it sounds like they were being rounded up for corvee labor even though they weren't local residents, they were just passing through.  In response, the sovereign, Karu, put a stop to forced labor at various places—presumably where the offending action was taking place, so I guess the complaint system it was working. The last part of this first set of edicts, kicking off the change was about inheritance.  Not all people in Yamato were free, and the law saw a difference between the status of free and unfree persons—that is to say enslaved persons.  And so they made laws that only the child of two free persons would be considered free.  If either parent was in bondage, then the child was also considered in bondage to their parent's house.  If two enslaved persons of different houses had a child, then they would stay with the mother.  Temple serfs, though technically bound to service of the temple, were made a special case, and their children were to be treated as if the temple serf was a free person. Slavery is something that doesn't always get talked about regarding ancient Yamato, and the Chronicles themselves don't tend to mention enslaved peoplethem often, but more because they belonged to a class of society that was largely outside of the scope of the narrative.  In cases where they are discussed, such as in these edicts, the Chronicles are unapologetic of the practice.  These may have been people who were captured in raids, or their descendants, or people who had been enslaved as punishment for some offence, although it isn't quite clear just what would count.  We know that Himiko sent enslaved persons as part of the tribute to the Wei Court, as she was trying to curry favor, and mention of them certainly shows up now and again. It is unclear how many people were enslaved up to this point, but some estimates suggest that it may have been five to ten percent of the population.  As I've mentioned before, this practice continued up until the Sengoku Period, and was only abolished by Toyotomi Hideyoshi in an attempt to stop the Portuguese from buying enslaved Japanese people and transporting them away from Japan.  That didn't meant that other forms of bondage, often economic in nature, didn't happen, however. So that was the content of the first edict—one of many.  The court sent out newly appointed “governors” to the provinces, but these governors were, so far, limited in their scope.  There is even some evidence that these may have been initially seen as temporary positions, and there was mention of “kokushi” in the previous reign.  Still, this was part of a clearly concentrated effort to assume central authority over the archipelago.  There were even officials appointed over the six districts of Yamato province, the core of the Yamato state, who were likewise expected to prepare registers of the population and the cultivated land. Even the idea that the sovereign had the right to make these appointments was something a bit radical, and indicated a change in way that the court, at least, would view the sovereign.  It likewise placed the sovereign in a position to dispense justice, through the vehicle of the court, and it began to define the citizens of the realm as well. That said, this all could have been argued for by using the Sui and Tang as examples of what government should look like and what a true nation should look like. It is also possible that this didn't all happen of a sudden in the 8th month, as the Chronicles describe it.  This is suggested at based on a separate account, mentioned in the Nihon Shoki, that the gathering of weapons, for instance—one of the things that the governors were charged with—actually took place between the 6th and 9th month, so some of this likely started before the date listed for the edict, and that may just have been one part of the whole.  The Chroniclers often do this, finding one particular date and throwing in everything rather than giving things piecemeal—depending on the event.  In addition, on the 19th day of the 9th month, officials were sent out to all of the provinces—not just the eastern provinces—to take a proper census.  At this same time, the sovereign, Karu, issued another edict, which seems related to their work as well as that of the governors, or kokushi, sent to the east.  In it he noted that the powerful families—the Omi, the Muraji, the Tomo no Miyatsuko, and the Kuni no Miyatsuko—would compel their own vassals to work at their pleasure.  They would also appropriate for themselves various pieces of land, so that people could only work it for them.  Not everyone was doing this, though.  Some unnamed persons were accused of hording thousands of acres of rice-land, while others had no more land than you could stick a needle into.  Furthermore, these powerful families were collecting taxes for themselves, first, and then handing a portion over to the government.  They likely compelled their vassals to work on their own tombs, and such.  And so, the sovereign, Karu, forbade anyone from becoming a landlord and forcing people to pay rent.  Presumably he was also dealing with some of the other aspects, though that may have proved more difficult.  After all, from what we've seen, everything that Karu is complaining about—things that no doubt were considered antithetical to good government based on pure Confucian values—were the norm for the elite at the time.  Heck, the Kuni no Miyatsuko had no doubt thought of the land and the people on it as their own, not Yamato's.  However, things were shifting, and once again we see Yamato exerting royal prerogative over the land and people, something that they would do more and more as the system of laws and punishments eventually came together. Now the big question is how did this all pan out?  Well, it took some time, but we get a report on the second day of the third month of the following year, 646, and to be honest, it doesn't sound like things were going too well.  Of the high officials sent out as kokushi to govern the eastern provinces, six listened and did what they were told, but two did not, and then there were numerous other issues.  A more detailed list was given on the 19th of the month, including a clearer idea of punishments. The decree was given to the “Choushuushi”, apparently other government officials sent to check on how things were going, though it was clearly about various officials. The decree starts by reminding officials that they were not to use their position to appropriate public or private property.  Anyone of Assistant governor rank or higher would be punished by being degraded in rank, and presumably their stipend.  Those officials of clerk, or secretary, on down would face flogging.  If anyone was found converting public property (or someone else's) to their own use, they would be fined double the value of the property, just as with bribes.  So the Yamato government was They were really trying to tamp down on people trying to make a profit from their position. Here are a few of the specific things that the Choushuushi reported back: -             Hozumi no Omi no Kuhi taxed individual families for his own use and though he gave some of it back make, it wasn't all.  His two assistants were at fault for not correcting him. -             Kose no Tokune no Omi did something similar, taking away horses from the farmers for his own use.  His assistants not only did not correct him, but actually helped him.  They also took horses from the Kuni no Miyatsuko of the province.  One of the officials tried to remonstrate with him, but he finally gave in to the corruption. -             Ki no Marikida no Omi sent men to Asakura no Kimi and Inoue no Kimi to look at their horses for his own use.  He also had Asakura no Kimi make him swords and provide bow-cloth.  He also took the payments in lieu of weapons offered by the Kuni no Miyatsuko but didn't properly report it.  As a somewhat strange addition to these charges, he apparently was guilty of allowing himself to be robbed of a sword in his own province as well as in Yamato, presumably one that was actually government property.  Apparently being held up at sword point wasn't considered sufficient justification for letting it go.  This was facilitated by his assistants and their subordinates. -             Adzumi no Muraji apparently made the Kuni no Miyatsuko send government property to someone when they were ill, and he took horses belonging to the Yube clan.  His assistant gathered items at his house that were paid in lieu of hay, and he took the horses of the Kuni no Miyatsuko and exchanged them for others.  At least two other brothers were found guilty as well. -             Ohochi no Muraji broke the decree of not personally judging the complaints of the people in the districts under his charge.  He took it on himself to judge the case of the men of Udo and the matter of the enslaved persons of Nakatomi no Toko, who was also considered guilty. -             Kishida no Omi, as with Ki no Marikida, also allowed his sword to be stolen, showing a want of circumspection. -             In one of the strangest put-downs in this list, Womidori no Omi and Tanba no Omi weren't guilty of anything, but were just considered incompetent.  So make of that what you will. -             Imbe no Konomi and Nakatomi no Muraji no Mutsuki also committed offenses, we are told, but the nature is unclear. -             Hada no Omi and Taguchi no Omi, on the other hand, were free and clear.  Apparently they hadn't committed any offenses. -             Finally, Heguri no Omi was guilty of neglecting to investigate the complaints of the men of Mikuni. A big to-do was made about the punishments to be meted out to all of these individuals, as well as to the Kuni no Miyatsuko who may have enabled them.  However, instead of prosecuting them, Karu declared a general amnesty.  This was like a mass pardon of offenses—a do-over if you would.  Not that anything would be forgotten.  On the other hand, six individuals who did as they were told were all commended for their service.  He also took the lent-rice for the maintenance of the late Kibishima, the dowager queen who had passed away in 643, and distributed her official-rice lands amongst the ministers down to the Tomo no Miyatsuko.  He also gave rice-land and hill tracts, which weren't suitable for farming, over to various temples which had previously been omitted from the official registers for some reason. Over all, this seems to be a rather powerful message:  We're not They weren't fooling around with these changes, and people better get on board or get out of the way.  Whereas previously things in the provinces may have operated under a sort of Vegas Rules, that was no longer going to be tolerated.  On the other hand, Karuhe demonstrated mercy, likely realizing that too harsh an approach would bring the wrath of the other powerful nobles.  Nonetheless, he elaborated what each person had done and effectively put them and anyone else harboring thoughts that they could just ignore these edicts on notice.  These reforms weren't going away. So we've talked about where we were and we can see the powers at the Yamato court starting to make changes.  For now, this is probably going to be a good place to take a break for this episode, but there are a lot more of these reforms to get to, not to mention the rest of the intra-palace politicking at the court, as well as the changing situation on the continent and in diplomatic channels.  We are going to keep looking at these changes as we move forward through the period of Great Change, known as the Taika era. Until then, thank you for listening and for all of your support. If you like what we are doing, please tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website, SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.

A SENSe of Wellness
Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill with Udo Erasmus

A SENSe of Wellness

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 1, 2024 63:02


On this episode of A SENSe of Wellness podcast, host Susan Greeley, and Spiritual & Human Nature Educator, Udo Erasmus, discuss the oil industry, the politics of health, and the way our bodies assimilate oil. Learn about modern healthful oils like flax. More about Udo Erasmus:  Udo Erasmus, founder of Udo's Choice and author of the book Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill, which has sold over 250,000 copies. As an acclaimed author and speaker, Udo has an 8-step process that takes into consideration all other elements of nature and human nature, including physical health, mental health, presence and awareness, life energy, and being in harmony with nature and humanity. Udo's background includes studies in biochemistry, genetics, biology, and nutrition as well as a master's degree in counseling psychology. Learn more about Udo at UdoErasmus.com Download the free digital draft of the brand new Your Body Needs An Oil Change: https://udoerasmus.com/asenseofwellness

Healthy Home Hacks Podcast
103. Healthy Oils vs Unhealthy Oils

Healthy Home Hacks Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 24, 2024 67:38


Unless you've been living under a canola-, corn-, safflower-, soybean-, grapeseed-, cottonseed- oil rock – then you've heard a LOT about seed oils lately – the good, the bad, and the ugly. According to our guest, Udo Erasmus, more health problems come from bad (damaged) oils than any other part of nutrition. More health benefits come from good oils (made with health in mind) than any other part of nutrition. Udo is the co-founder of Udo's Choice line. Udo designed the machinery for making oils with health in mind and pioneered flax oil, a billion-dollar industry. Udo is an acclaimed speaker and author of several books, including the best-selling Fats That Heal Fats That Kill, and his upcoming book, Your Body Needs An Oil Change. KEY TAKEAWAYS 1.    Udo journey of overcoming adversity as a child (a war immigrant) how he became poisoned by pesticides How Udo's grassroots/inspirational journey led to the success of the Udo's Choice brand Why the YOU in business the most important aspect The definition of healthy fats and oils What kind of oils the body needs the most, how and why oils can become damaged, and why it is detrimental Sexy Health, Udo's 8-step process that takes into consideration all of the elements of whole health, including mental health, presence and awareness, life energy, and being in harmony with nature and humanity The most polluted food we eat and other bad foods   FREE DOWNLOAD: https://udoerasmus.com/HealthyHomeHacks SNOW NOTES: www.HealthyHomeHacks.com  Be sure to subscribe to our podcast channel for more content about eliminating dangerous toxins in your home and life and get ready to up-level your health. SAY HELLO! Website à https://RonandLisa.com Instagram à https://www.instagram.com/ronandlisa/  

Autism Parenting Secrets
Certain FATS Are ESSENTIAL

Autism Parenting Secrets

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 20, 2024 62:52


Welcome to Episode 209 of Autism Parenting Secrets. The incredible Udo Erasmus returns to the show, and we dove deep into the world of healthy oils, the misconceptions around damaged oils, and the importance of proper packaging and refrigeration. Udo highlights the significance of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids for overall health. We also discussed the challenges of transitioning to healthier eating habits and the critical role parents play in setting an example. Don't miss this enlightening conversation that will transform your approach to food and wellness.The secret this week is…Certain FATS Are ESSENTIALYou'll Discover:The Worst Thing We Do To Our Food (4:09)The Three Nutrients That We Are Most Lacking (6:27)The Poisons We Must Avoid (10:55)Way To Help Digestion (14:11)Some Precautions To Take With Meat (19:03)What To Do If Your Child Only Eats Fried Foods (25:11)The Dangers of Damaged Oils (31:10)The Importance of Omega-3 and Omega-6 (45:35)The Potential Benefits of Omega-3 for Children on the Autism Spectrum (52:55)The Importance of Choosing High-Quality Oils (52:27) About Our Guest:The legendary Udo Erasmus is the co-founder of Udo's Choice line, which can be found in Whole Foods and other health food stores worldwide. Udo designed the machinery for making oils with health in mind and pioneered flax oil, a billion-dollar industry. However, Udo walked a difficult path to become the man he is today. Being a child of war, Udo's life began with intense struggle. As an adult, he got pesticide poisoning in 1980, leaving doctors at a loss regarding treatment. Deciding to take his health into his own hands, Udo began researching, and his discoveries led him to a passion for finding the answers to life's big questions, which would hopefully one day bring him and the world peace.  Today, Udo is an acclaimed speaker and author of many books, including the best-selling Fats That Heal Fats That Kill, which has sold over 250,000 copies. He teaches at events hosted by Tony Robbins and Deepak Chopra, has keynoted an international brain health conference, and has traveled to over 30 countries to conduct thousands of live presentations, media interviews, and staff training impacting more than 25,000,000 lives with his message on oils, health, peace, nature, and human nature. Udo has an extensive education in biochemistry, genetics, biology, and nutrition, including a master's degree in counseling psychology.https://udoerasmus.com/https://www.facebook.com/theudoerasmus/https://www.instagram.com/udoerasmus/References in The Episode:Udo Erasmus - Fats That Heal, Fats That Kill (book)  https://amzn.to/46PxbvDUdo's Choice (supplements)  https://amzn.to/3Ni2rMNAdditional Resources:Take The Quiz: What's YOUR Top Autism Parenting Blindspot?To learn more about Cass & Len, visit us at www.autismparentingsecrets.comBe sure to follow Cass & Len on InstagramIf you enjoyed this episode, share it with your friends.

The Power Company Podcast
EXPERT | Udo Neumann on Movement, Learning, and How to Coach Climbing

The Power Company Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 18, 2024 105:20


Udo Neumann is a climber, performance coach, and motor-learning explorer. He's the author of several books, including the cult classic Performance Rock Climbing.  He was the German National Team coach from 2009 to 2017, working with several European and World Champion athletes during that time, including Jan Hojer and Jule Wurm. Today he advises federations and works with athletes and coaches all over the world. In this episode, we discuss his ideas around motor learning and coaching movement, whether a coach needs to be as good as the athlete, how he assesses climbers, what makes Janja Garnbret and Tomoa Narasaki special, and what makes the Japanese team so good. Find Udo online at udini.com and on YouTube. _________________________