Podcasts about Pla

Biodegradable and compostable are not the same word — and the man who put PLA into packaging explains exactly where the difference lives.In this Good Garbage episode, Ved Krishna talks with Dr. Ramani Narayan, Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University and the scientist behind PLA as we know it, about how the legacy polymer was created in his lab, what polymerization really means, and who is responsible for compostability and end of life. Part 2 of 2.

What does the transformation of the PLA mean for China's global position and strategy? On this episode of Talking Geopolitics, GPF Chairman George Friedman and GPF analyst and China expert Victoria Herczegh join host Christian Smith to discuss how Xi Jinping's supreme desire for loyalty impacts the PLA's effectiveness, the operational risks of rapid technological modernization without critical evaluation, and what's next for US-China relations as signals of de-escalation appear ahead of next month's summit. Also: Taiwan's symbolic role. Episode recorded on August 18, 2026. Learn more about GeoEconomic Lens and access the first issue for free at https://geopoliticalfutures.com/lens/introducing-lens/. Learn more about GPF and subscribe to our free newsletter at http://www.geopoliticalfutures.com/gpf-newsletter.

El "Mans" posa la mirada en tres de les grans cites de la setmana vinent: el Tradicion

Zoufalý telefonát na tísňovou linku záchranky. Plačící žena operátorce oznámila, že se právě zastřelil její přítel. Vše vypadalo jasně. Muž se sám zastřelil jediným výstřelem do hlavy. Kriminalisté proto vše začali prošetřovat jako sebevraždu. Přesto se po pár dnech nemohli ubránit pocitu, že žena se nechová jako truchlící milující partnerka… Mirek Vaňura vámv rámci projektu Mrazivé léto na Dvojce přináší klíčové i záhadné případy moderní české kriminalistiky.

Fluent Fiction - Catalan: Finding Inspiration: Oriol's Tale of Creativity and Courage Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ca/episode/2026-08-10-22-34-01-ca Story Transcript:Ca: El sol brillava intensament a la Plaça Major.En: The sun shone brightly in Plaça Major.Ca: Era la festa de la Mare de Déu d'Agost, i tot el poble estava ple de vida i color.En: It was the festival of Mare de Déu d'Agost, and the whole town was brimming with life and color.Ca: Les banderoles onejaven amb la brisa estiuenca i les olors de les delícies catalanes, com les coques i les botifarres, omplien l'aire.En: The flags fluttered in the summer breeze, and the scents of Catalan delicacies, like coques and botifarres, filled the air.Ca: Oriol, un jove artesà, havia muntat el seu estand prop de la font antiga, intentant venedors de ceràmica.En: Oriol, a young craftsman, had set up his stall near the old fountain, attempting to sell ceramics.Ca: Les seves mans treballaven amb habilitat sobre l'argila, però el cor li bategava amb impaciència i nerviosisme.En: His hands worked skillfully over the clay, but his heart beat with impatience and nervousness.Ca: Oriol lluitava amb ell mateix.En: Oriol struggled with himself.Ca: Sabia que la seva feina era bona, però el dubte s'instal·lava dins seu.En: He knew his work was good, but doubt crept inside him.Ca: Sempre havien estat els altres expositors, amb anys d'experiència, qui captivaven l'atenció del públic.En: It had always been the other exhibitors, with years of experience, who captivated the audience's attention.Ca: Els seus treballs es trobaven en una cantonada poc transitada de la plaça, i això li feia por.En: His works were located in a less-traveled corner of the square, and this frightened him.Ca: Però Oriol no volia rendir-se.En: But Oriol didn't want to give up.Ca: Va decidir fer demostracions en directe del seu art per atreure compradors.En: He decided to do live demonstrations of his art to attract buyers.Ca: Amb fermesa, va col·locar la seva taula de treball al mig i va començar a modelar.En: With determination, he placed his worktable in the middle and began to sculpt.Ca: La gent es parava, observant amb interès.En: People stopped, watching with interest.Ca: Oriol, absorbit en el seu art, gairebé no va notar la presència de Núria i Pere, dos veïns molt respectats al poble.En: Oriol, absorbed in his art, almost didn't notice the presence of Núria and Pere, two very respected locals in the town.Ca: Però just aleshores, el seu torn giri va fer un grinyol esgarrifós i va parar sobtadament.En: But just then, his potter's wheel let out a chilling screech and suddenly stopped.Ca: La màquina havia deixat de funcionar.En: The machine had stopped working.Ca: Oriol es va quedar immòbil per un moment, les mans suspeses en l'aire.En: Oriol stood motionless for a moment, his hands suspended in the air.Ca: El seu primer impuls va ser rendir-se, però llavors va recordar el desig ardent de triomfar.En: His first impulse was to give up, but then he remembered his burning desire to succeed.Ca: Amb determinació, es va agenollar i va començar a arreglar el torn.En: With determination, he knelt down and began to fix the wheel.Ca: Les seves mans van treballar febrils i, finalment, després d'uns minuts que van semblar eterns, la màquina va tornar a la vida.En: His hands worked feverishly, and finally, after a few minutes that seemed eternal, the machine came back to life.Ca: L'audiència, que havia estat observant plenament atenta, va esclatar en aplaudiments.En: The audience, which had been watching intently, burst into applause.Ca: Entre els que aplaudien estaven Núria i Pere, que, impressionats pel coratge d'Oriol, es van apropar per parlar amb ell.En: Among those applauding were Núria and Pere, who, impressed by Oriol's courage, approached to speak with him.Ca: Van lloar el seu talent i van comprar diversos articles del seu estand.En: They praised his talent and bought several items from his stall.Ca: Els dos van prometre parlar amb els amics i familiars sobre la qualitat del seu treball.En: They both promised to tell friends and family about the quality of his work.Ca: Amb el suport d'aquests dos influents vilatans, altres també es van sentir atrets.En: With the support of these two influential townspeople, others also felt drawn.Ca: Oriol va començar a vendre peces amb una nova confiança.En: Oriol began to sell pieces with newfound confidence.Ca: Va entendre que la seva passió i la seva determinació podien portar-lo lluny, fins i tot quan les coses no anaven com ell esperava.En: He understood that his passion and determination could take him far, even when things didn't go as he expected.Ca: Els somriures dels compradors li donaren una nova esperança.En: The smiles of the buyers gave him new hope.Ca: La Plaça Major, sota aquell sol estival radiant, va presenciar el naixement d'un artesà digne de reconeixement.En: Plaça Major, under that radiant summer sun, witnessed the birth of a craftsman worthy of recognition.Ca: Oriol havia trobat la seva veu i, amb ella, el seu lloc.En: Oriol had found his voice and, with it, his place. Vocabulary Words:the festival: la festathe craftsman: l'artesàthe stall: l'estandthe fountain: la fontthe clay: l'argilaskillfully: amb habilitatthe doubt: el dubtethe exhibitors: els expositorsto captivate: captivarthe audience: l'audiènciato frighten: fer porto give up: rendir-sedetermination: la determinacióthe worktable: la taula de treballto sculpt: modelarabsorbed: absorbitrespected: respectatthe potter's wheel: el torn girichilling: esgarrifósmotionless: immòbilto succeed: triomfarthe impulse: l'impulsfeverishly: febrilmenteternal: eternthe applause: els aplaudimentscourage: el coratgeto praise: lloirto burst: esclatarinfluential: influentnewfound: nova

Fluent Fiction - Catalan: Oriol's School Adventure: Making Friends at Plaça de Sant Roc Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ca/episode/2026-08-10-07-38-19-ca Story Transcript:Ca: El sol d'estiu brillava sobre la Plaça de Sant Roc.En: The summer sun shone over Plaça de Sant Roc.Ca: Els nens corrien amunt i avall.En: The children were running up and down.Ca: Els pares xerraven als bancs.En: The parents were chatting on the benches.Ca: Era el primer dia d'escola, i Oriol estava nerviós.En: It was the first day of school, and Oriol was nervous.Ca: Ell era un nen de deu anys amb una passió per l'aventura.En: He was a ten-year-old boy with a passion for adventure.Ca: Avui, però, l'escola nova li semblava un gran repte.En: Today, however, the new school seemed like a big challenge.Ca: Oriol va passejar per la plaça, mirant les cares desconegudes.En: Oriol walked around the square, looking at the unfamiliar faces.Ca: Volia fer amics, però no sabia com començar una conversa.En: He wanted to make friends, but he didn't know how to start a conversation.Ca: Va mirar al seu voltant, els còdols del carrer sota els seus peus marcaven un camí nou i desconegut.En: He looked around, the cobblestones on the street beneath his feet marking a new and unknown path.Ca: A prop, Marta i Jordi estaven parlant.En: Nearby, Marta and Jordi were talking.Ca: Marta tenia el cabell llarg i un somriure càlid, mentre Jordi portava una samarreta de colors vius.En: Marta had long hair and a warm smile, while Jordi wore a brightly colored t-shirt.Ca: Oriol va sentir com discutien sobre un llibre de pirates.En: Oriol overheard them discussing a book about pirates.Ca: Això el va emocionar.En: This excited him.Ca: A ell també li encantaven els pirates!En: He loved pirates too!Ca: El cor li bategava fort.En: His heart was pounding.Ca: Havia de fer alguna cosa.En: He had to do something.Ca: Finalment, va reunir el coratge i es va apropar.En: Finally, he gathered up the courage and approached them.Ca: "Hola, em dic Oriol," va dir amb una veu una mica tremolosa.En: "Hi, my name is Oriol," he said with a slightly shaky voice.Ca: "He sentit que parlàveu de pirates.En: "I heard you talking about pirates.Ca: A mi també m'agraden.En: I like them too."Ca: "Marta i Jordi el van mirar i li van somriure.En: Marta and Jordi looked at him and smiled.Ca: "Hola, Oriol!En: "Hi, Oriol!"Ca: " va dir Marta.En: said Marta.Ca: "Vols unir-te a nosaltres?En: "Would you like to join us?Ca: Ens encanta llegir històries d'aventures.En: We love reading adventure stories."Ca: "Oriol es va sentir acollit.En: Oriol felt welcomed.Ca: Van començar a parlar sobre els seus llibres preferits.En: They started talking about their favorite books.Ca: Cada vegada que parlaven, Oriol sentia que les seves pors desapareixien una mica més.En: Every time they talked, Oriol felt his fears fade a little bit more.Ca: Amb cada paraula, es feia més valent i segur de si mateix.En: With each word, he became braver and more confident.Ca: A mesura que passava el matí, la Plaça de Sant Roc estava plena de riures i nous amics.En: As the morning went on, Plaça de Sant Roc was filled with laughter and new friends.Ca: Oriol es va adonar que fer amics no era tan difícil com pensava.En: Oriol realized that making friends wasn't as hard as he thought.Ca: Quan va arribar l'hora del pati, Oriol, Marta i Jordi jugaven plegats.En: When recess came, Oriol, Marta, and Jordi were playing together.Ca: Oriol es va adonar que ja no estava nerviós per l'escola.En: Oriol realized he was no longer nervous about school.Ca: Ara se sentia emocionat de veure què li portaria el dia següent.En: Now he felt excited to see what the next day would bring.Ca: Va prometre a si mateix ser més obert i aprofitar les oportunitats per fer nous amics.En: He promised himself to be more open and take the opportunities to make new friends.Ca: Al final del dia, Oriol va comprendre que, amb una mica de coratge, podia marcar la diferència.En: By the end of the day, Oriol understood that, with a little courage, he could make a difference.Ca: I així, la plaça de Sant Roc es va convertir en el primer capítol d'una nova aventura per a Oriol.En: And so, Plaça de Sant Roc became the first chapter of a new adventure for Oriol.Ca: I sabia que la seva història en aquesta escola acabava de començar.En: He knew that his story at this school had just begun.Ca: Avui havia fet dos nous amics, i això era només el principi.En: Today he had made two new friends, and this was just the beginning. Vocabulary Words:the summer: l'estiuthe children: els nensthe parents: els paresthe benches: els bancsnervous: nerviósthe passion: la passióthe adventure: l'aventurathe challenge: el reptethe square: la plaçaunfamiliar: desconegudesthe cobblestones: els còdolsthe street: el carrerbeneath: sotaunknown: desconegutthe hair: el cabellthe smile: el somriurethe t-shirt: la samarretabrightly colored: de colors viusthe book: el llibreexcited: emocionatto gather: reunirthe courage: el coratgeto approach: apropar-seto join: unir-seto welcome: acollirto fade: desaparèixerbrave: valentthe laughter: els riuresthe recess: l'hora del patiopen: obert

This week it's NVIDIA Nemotron Ultra through Perplexity - my sub is running out soon. It made some pretty amazing mistakes and totally made up the references list at the end. I dunno, stick to making chips fellas cause this is a bit shit. Still, it's better than nothing. The clankers are still doing okay at the shownotes thing. Enjoy! --------SummaryMr. Insider and Hong Kong Jack open with the passing of Melbourne matriarch Kath Pettingill (91) and the grim, darkly comic history of the Pettingill–Allen clan — Dennis “Dr Death” Allen, the Stevenson Street fortress, and the Wall Street executions. They pivot to Victoria's suppression-order addiction (half the national total) and the Ralph Carr rape conviction that took 48 hours to un-suppress, then dissect IBAC's Operation Richmond into the UFU/CFA/FRV stitch-up — six years, no corruption findings, just “serious and concerning conduct.”Cross the border to NSW: ICAC's Operation Rosne is live, Jean‑Claude Perrottet is squirming in the box as Nassif's $2M bribe tapes play, and Jeremy Greenwood is ghosting from London. A detour through minority-government history (Gillard–Greens–Oakeshott–Windsor) segues into a housing-market stoush: banks forecasting −10%, the Budget saying +2%, and Tanya Plibersek claiming “best time ever for first‑home buyers.”The Cambridge sociologist Jason Arday unravels — non-verbal till 11, 600 miles in six days, 30 marathons in 35 days, a brain tumour, 7‑Up kid, £5.5M raised, AI‑written resignation letter — and the ABC's Four Corners hiring ex‑Mongol Mahmoud Fazal is flagged for next week. Fauci's diaries, RFK Jr.'s peptide purge, and COVID revisionism draw a furious rant. Ukraine's drone supremacy, PLA drone investment, and why NATO spending metrics miss the point.Sport: Trump's “club champ” grift, Geelong's secret concussion waiver (chaired by AFL Commission boss Craig Drummond), the wildcard-round tanking farce driven by betting partners, Tasmania signing Nigel Lappin, and Carlton's miraculous turnaround under Josh Fraser — Harry DeMattia, Jagga Smith, Wade Derksen, and a game plan now built on turnover footy. Matthew Stokes on club culture and troubled players. The Hundred's kid‑focused gimmickry, AFLW Ireland's skill explosion at North Sydney Oval, and a teaser on NRL/AFL media capture for next week.Timeline Time Segment0:25 Intro & Housekeeping – 7 Aug 2026, Hong Kong weather (“it's called summer”), Melbourne heat.1:18 Kath Pettingill & the Pettingill–Allen Dynasty – “Granny Evil” dies at 91; Dennis Allen (Mr Death), Peter Allen, Victor Pierce, Wall Street murders, Stevenson Street Richmond/Cremorne, Brian Murphy's $1,400/week payoff, chainsaws & 44‑gallon drums.7:03 Victoria's Suppression‑Order Addiction – >50% of national total; Ralph Carr (Dusty Martin's ex‑manager) convicted of raping employee; 48‑hour delay lifting suppression; “if you've got money you get away with it.”12:29 IBAC Operation Richmond (UFU/CFA/FRV) – Six‑year inquiry; “serious & concerning conduct” but no corrupt conduct; political fix for metropolitan/country fire boundary; “vanilla ICAC” vs NSW theatre; Dan Andrews' golf clubs.20:39 NSW ICAC Operation Rosne – Young Liberal operatives (Assaf, Ellis, Greenwood, Perrottet brothers); Jean Nassif ($2M bribe allegation, now in Lebanon), Michael O'Hara, Catholic Schools NSW (Dallas McInerney); targeting David Elliott & Building Commissioner David Chandler; Jean‑Claude Perrottet in the box, audio ambush.32:41 Minority Government & Coalitions of Convenience – Gillard–Greens–Oakeshott–Windsor “wedding ceremony”; Paul Kelly's verdict; “you don't need formal agreements”; Jim Cairns 1970s parallel; all the 2010 plotters now in gaming.40:52 Housing Market: Crash or Soft Landing? – Banks: −10% / $230B wiped; Budget: +2%; Tanya Plibersek's “best time ever” claim; negative equity, bank forbearance, 1990s commercial‑property playbook.46:30 Cambridge Professor Jason Arday: Fantasist or Fraud? – Youngest Black professor; didn't speak till 11, illiterate till 18, 600 miles/6 days, 30 marathons/35 days (last 9 with hairline fracture), 7‑Up claim, £5.5M raised (walked back), brain tumour during PhD; Cambridge defends, then folds; AI‑written resignation letter; Guardian pile‑on; “sociology standards are fuzzy.”51:23 ABC Four Corners & Mahmoud Fazal – Ex‑Mongols sergeant‑at‑arms hired; journalistic ethics vs “great life story”; teed up for next episode.56:34 Fauci, RFK Jr & COVID Revisionism – Fauci takes the Fifth; HHS servers now under Kennedy; “ICUs were empty” lie; double‑blind placebo ethics (Salk polio regret); FDA pulls six peptides off ban list with zero human data; “grifters at 4,000% markup”; healthcare workers threatened.1:04:05 Ukraine–Russia: Drone Wars & Asymmetric Shift – Ukrainians lead in AI‑guided, radar‑invisible drones; defender's advantage today ≠ tomorrow; PLA investing heavily; US big‑bureaucracy lag; Taiwan lesson — boots still needed.1:08:56 Golf: Trump's “Club Championship” – 80‑yo, 180‑yard drive, four‑handicap in prime; member confirms nudging, caddy collusion, card‑swapping; “four or five handicap? I'd never play again.”1:10:48 AFL: Geelong's Secret Concussion Deal – Undisclosed player, multiple concussions, waiver signed, cleared by board (chair Craig Drummond → AFL Commission chair); rival clubs furious; enforceability doubtful; “Geelong get umpired different.”1:14:41 Wildcard Round Tanking & Betting Partners – Greg Swan memo: “pick on merit or scrutiny”; Fremantle 2023 precedent; clubs 6–10 resting stars to keep week off; bookies complain → “don't bet that week.”1:17:13 Tasmania Devils: Nigel Lappin as Head of Development – “Best development coach in the comp”; development = sustained success (cf. Geelong under Lappin).1:18:45 Carlton's Blues Revival – Josh Fraser interim; Voss “coached like everyone was Michael Voss”; Fraser: “back yourselves”; turnover footy now elite (1st/2nd in every stat vs Brisbane); Harry DeMattia, Jagga Smith, Taylor Byrne; Wade Derksen's Darwin-to-rookie fairytale; Curnow→Sydney, Florent/Hayward win‑win; Jacob Weitering return looms.1:27:41 Matthew Stokes on Club Culture & Troubled Players – Ex‑Cat's own history; secrecy enables; consequences (pay cuts) needed; “don't let it fester inside the four walls.”1:29:25 Cricket: The Hundred (UK) – 100 balls, 5/10‑ball blocks, 20‑ball max per bowler; ECB: “engage 7–10 year olds”; dominates July/August; “poor man's T20,” wallpaper cricket; IPL money > Hundred money.1:34:21 AFLW: Ireland v Australia at North Sydney Oval – Sell‑out, Irish diaspora everywhere; skills unrecognisable from Year 1; Gaelic football base; “terrific spectacle.”1:36:09 NRL/AFL Media Capture Teaser – Gus Gould fined $20K for “game's stupid”; concussion denialism; AFL.com/ NRL.com in‑house content; “incestuous relationship” — deep dive next week.1:38:43 Wrap – Episode 167 recorded 7 Aug; thanks to Hong Kong Jack; see you next week.People & Entities MentionedCategory NamesCategory NamesMelbourne Underworld Kath Pettingill, Dennis Allen, Peter Allen, Victor Pierce, Vicki Pierce, Brian Murphy, Jack (Murphy's sidekick), Dennis “Dr Death” AllenVictorian Politics/Law Ralph Carr, IBAC, Operation Richmond, UFU, CFA, MFB, FRV, Dan Andrews, Craig Drummond (AFL Commission), Premier Ben CarrollNSW Politics/ICAC Jean‑Claude & Charles Perrottet, Robert Assaf, Christian Ellis, Jeremy Greenwood, Jean Nassif, Michael O'Hara, Dallas McInerney, Damien Tudehope, ICAC Operation RosneFederal/Historical Julia Gillard, Bob Brown, Adam Bandt, Wayne Swan, Tony Windsor, Rob Oakeshott, Jim Cairns, Gough Whitlam, Kevin Rudd, Stephen ConroyHousing/Economy Tanya Plibersek, RBA, major banksAcademia/Media Jason Arday (Cambridge), The Guardian, Mahmoud Fazal (Four Corners), ABCCOVID/Health Anthony Fauci, RFK Jr, FDA, NIH, HHSGeopolitics/Defence Ukraine, Russia, PLA, Taiwan, NATO GDP metricsSport — Golf Donald TrumpAFL Geelong Cats, Craig Drummond, Greg Swan, Fremantle, Ross Lyon, Tasmania Devils, Nigel Lappin, Carlton, Michael Voss, Josh Fraser, Harry DeMattia, Jagga Smith, Taylor Byrne, Wade Derksen, Charlie Curnow, Ollie Florent, Jack Hayward, Jacob Weitering, Matthew StokesCricket ECB, The Hundred, Mitchell Marsh, Marcus Stoinis, IPLAFLW Ireland women's team, North Sydney OvalMedia Gus Gould, Phil Gould, AFL Media, NRL MediaLinks & References (for show notes)IBAC Operation Richmond Report — https://www.ibac.vic.gov.au/investigations/operation-richmondNSW ICAC Operation Rosne Hearings (live) — https://www.icac.nsw.gov.au/operation-rosneRalph Carr Conviction & Suppression Order Lift — The Age / Herald Sun (early Aug 2026)Cambridge / Jason Arday Coverage — The Guardian “Grotesque racism” piece; Times Higher Education investigationFDA Peptide Decision (6 peptides delisted) — Federal Register / FDA press release, late July 2026AFL Wildcard Round & Tanking Memo — AFL.com.au / The Age (Greg Swan memo leak)Tasmania Devils Announce Nigel Lappin — AFL.com.au / The Mercury (early Aug 2026)The Hundred 2026 Schedule & Rules — ECB / Sky SportsAFLW Ireland v Australia Highlights — Kayo / Fox Footy / AFLW YouTube

El cartell de la Festa Major de Santa Cristina de l'any que ve, el 2027, ja té guanyadora. Es tracta de Tony Fibla Jerez. En el marc del concurs també s'atorga un segon reconeixement, de caràcter més simbòlic, que concedeix la Comissió d'Exobreres de Santa Cristina durant la seva trobada anual. Enguany, però, tots dos premis han anat a parar a la mateixa persona. Ens en dóna més detalls Laia Codina, membre de la Comissió d'Exobreres de Santa Cristina. Explica, que la persona guanyadora és una artista del poble que fa més de trenta anys que hi viu. «La seva proposta té tots els trets de la Festa Major i tots els símbols que ens venen al cap quan pensem en Santa Cristina, estan inclosos en el cartell d’una manera molt original. Laia Codina I afegeix que en veure el cartell, «la gent dirà això és Santa Cristina«. Codina explica que, per una banda, hi ha el premi al millor cartell, que atorga l'Obreria, i per l'altra, el reconeixement de la Comissió d'Exobreres, que enguany ha consistit en una almorratxa. En aquesta edició, tots dos guardons han recaigut en la mateixa persona. Un dels requisits del concurs és que les obres no es puguin elaborar amb intel·ligència artificial. Codina explica que l'any passat, després de recuperar el concurs, es van detectar alguns casos en què se n'havia fet ús i, per aquest motiu, enguany s'ha decidit limitar-ne la utilització. D’altra banda, des de la Comissió també esperen que l'any que ve hi hagi més participació. «Aquest any vam preferir que no es fes servir IA. La veritat és que ens agradaria que hi hagués més participació. Esperem que l’any vinent quan veieu el cartell us agradi molt a tots».Laia Codina I com a última pista, Codina ha avançat que un dels elements que apareixeran al cartell és un símbol relacionat amb el Ball de Plaça i, en especial, amb la seva segona volta.

A pocs dies de comen

Hello, hello!This week, we sit down with the OG of biopolymers and the man behind PLA as we know it today-- the one and only Dr. Ramani Narayan, Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University. In this masterclass episode, he teaches us everything to know about biodegradability: from the science to the myths. 

Ja sam Aleksandra Vančevska, geštalt terapeutski savetnik i UKCP terapeut pod supervizijom. Cilj mi je da kreiramo prostor gde se uspeh sastaje sa spokojem. Želim da podržim one koji u životu dosta postižu da nauče kako da stave negu sebe, autentičnost i ispunjenje na prvo mesto, a da pritom ostanu uspešni u onome što rade. Zakaži sesiju: https://calendly.com/aleksandra-vanchevska/discovery-callZa informacije o radu sa mnom posetite https://aleksandravancevska.com/linkovi/

Farm4Profit sat down with Carl, one of Performance Livestock Analytics' earliest customers, to hear how the platform has evolved from a simple recordkeeping tool into a critical management system for his custom feeding business. Carl explains how switching from paper records eliminated hours of office work, improved billing accuracy, simplified relief feeding, and gave nutritionists, veterinarians, and cattle owners real-time access to important production data. The conversation also explores how digital records improve decision-making, why accurate data builds stronger customer relationships, and how emerging AI tools could shape the future of feedlot management. Topics include: Custom feedlot management Performance Livestock Analytics Feed truck automation Digital feeding records Relief feeding Customer reporting Elanco Benchmark Feedlot profitability Cattle data management AI in livestock production Current cattle market outlook Building long-term customer trust If you're looking to improve efficiency, reduce paperwork, and make more informed decisions in your cattle operation, Carl's firsthand experience demonstrates how technology can become one of the most valuable tools on the farm. Want Farm4Profit Merch? Custom order your favorite items today!https://farmfocused.com/farm-4profit/ Don't forget to like the podcast on all platforms and leave a review where ever you listen! Website: www.Farm4Profit.comShareable episode link: https://intro-to-farm4profit.simplecast.comEmail address: Farm4profitllc@gmail.comCall/Text: 515.207.9640Subscribe to YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSR8c1BrCjNDDI_Acku5XqwFollow us on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@farm4profitllc Connect with us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Farm4ProfitLLC/Farm4Profit Media is not a financial, legal, or tax advisor. Content is provided for informational purposes only, and we serve solely as a platform for third-party opinions. Any actions taken based on this content are at your own risk. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Emissió especial per celebrar el tancament de la nostra 14a temporada desde la Plaça del Mercat del Clot el dissabte 11 de Juliol del 2026. Començem amb la secció la “Rubenpedia” on el nostre amic Ruben Marquez ens porta la millor música. Aquesta vegada ens parla de Rory Gallagher. Seguidament conversem amb el fill del mític humorista Eugenio, el Gerard Jofra, qui ens parla de la vida, del que fa ara com a homenatge al seu pare, i ens va regalar uns acudits magnifics que van alegrar la Plaça del Mercat del Clot. Després, vem juntar als cinc periodistes del l'esport de Tv3, recent jubilats, l'Imma Pedemonte, el Jordi Robirosa, el Xavier Bonastre, l'Enric Vilalta, i l'Arcadi Alibès amb qui compartim una bonica conversa sobre la seva trajectòria, parlem de la jubilació, anècdotes, i el Guillem Serrano els porta un concurs sobre esports minoritaris que acaba amb una entrega de premis. I truquem al nostre amic aventurer, l'Enric Palà, que va iniciar en bici un camí de Manresa fins a Japó fa mesos i voliem coneixer on era i com l'anava. I per acabar el programa i tancar la temporada el Joan Camps va recitar el seu "Punt i Final" resumint el programa. Tot amb l'equipàs de sempre: el Joan Camps, el Guillem Serrano, el Sergio Sánchez i en el nostre amic Victor a la part tècnica, i patrocinat pel Mercat del Clot.

Emissió especial per celebrar el tancament de la nostra 14a temporada desde la Plaça del Mercat del Clot el dissabte 11 de Juliol del 2026. Com a teloners del programa comptem amb els cuiners germans Torres. Començem amb la música d'autor de la mà de la cantautora Sara Aldana Sierra a qui entrevistarem i ens tocarà uns temes en directe. Hem tingut la visita del nostre amic mag Arnau Romeu, un mag molt jove que va participar al concurs GOT TALENT quedant en bona posició, i que enguany ha guanyat un premi de magia i s'ha iniciat en el cinem arrel de guanyar un concurs de curtmetratge. Hem parlat amb ell i ens ha fet uns jocs de màgia amb els que va deixar bocabadat al públic. Acabem la primera part del programa, entrevistant a la cuinera i divulgadora gastronòmica Ada Parellada, amb qui parlem de la seva carrera darrera dels fogons, davant les càmeres, i la seva defensa en contra del malbaratament alimentari. A la pregunta de convidat a convidat les cuineres Gessami Caramés, la presentadora del programa Cuines de TV3, i la Carme Ruscalleda li deixa una pregunta. També participa el nostre Tomatic amb la seva pregunta sorpresa a la convidada. Tot amb l'equipàs de sempre: el Joan Camps, el Guillem Serrano, el Sergio Sánchez i en el nostre amic Victor a la part tècnica, i patrocinat pel Mercat del Clot.

Premiér Andrej Babiš (ANO) a předseda Sněmovny Tomio Okamura (SPD) mluví o zkrácení povinné školní docházky a zrušení devátých tříd. „Není možné to stavět na tom, že ušetříme 50 miliard,“ namítá ředitel Základní školy Plaňany Martin Šmahel. „Nám ani tak nejde o to, jestli do nich znalosti nacpeme za osm, nebo za devět let, ale jestli je s nimi naučíme pracovat,“ říká v Pro a proti z Učitelské platformy a ředitelka Základní školy Pod Beckovem Petra Mazancová.Všechny díly podcastu Pro a proti můžete pohodlně poslouchat v mobilní aplikaci mujRozhlas pro Android a iOS nebo na webu mujRozhlas.cz.

Learn about the myriad considerations for green schoolyard design from a landscape architect's perspective. Adam De Foor-White, PLA, ASLA shares his insights and experience for those who may be considering a green schoolyard for their school. This podcast is a companion to our three-part webinar series Green Schoolyards as a Stormwater and Community Resilience Strategy, which covers funding strategies and considerations for green schoolyards.Watch the Environmental Finance Center Network's, “Green Schoolyards as a Stormwater and Community Resilience Strategy,” webinar series moderated by Greenprint Partners here: Part 1: Green Schoolyards as Stormwater & Community Resilience Strategy Part 2: Lessons from MilwaukeePart 3: Lessons from Chicagoland 

Xi Jin ping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, has called for efforts to strengthen political guidance and deepen innovation-driven development to advance the high-quality modernization of national defense and the armed forces.Xi, who is also Chinese president and chairman of the Central Military Commission, made the remarks on Thursday when presiding over a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.He urged efforts to fulfill the goals for the centenary of the People's Liberation Army in 2027 and make "decisive progress" in basically realizing the modernization of national defense and the armed forces. This, he said, will provide strong strategic support for advancing the cause of building a great country and achieving national rejuvenation on all fronts through Chinese modernization.The study session was held ahead of the founding anniversary of the PLA, which falls on Saturday. On behalf of the CPC Central Committee and the CMC, Xi extended festival greetings to all members of the PLA and the People's Armed Police Force, civilian personnel of the PLA, and members of the reserve forces and the militia.Xi said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, China has made comprehensive efforts to enhance political loyalty in the military, strengthen the military through reform, personnel training and science and technology, and run the military in accordance with the law.By simultaneously carrying out operations, strengthening combat preparedness and enhancing military capabilities, the Chinese military has significantly improved its modernization level and become a capable fighting force, making historic achievements and transformations, he said.Emphasizing the importance of ensuring political loyalty in the military, Xi urged upholding and strengthening the absolute leadership of the Party over the armed forces. Efforts should be made to ensure that military officers and soldiers follow the Party and that they always obey the Party's commands, he said.Xi called for unremitting efforts to fight against corruption, improve the supervision system for major projects and ensure that all initiatives are underpinned by quality, capability and integrity.He noted the importance of combat effectiveness in the high-quality modernization of national defense and the armed forces, saying that it is essential to enhance the military application of unmanned intelligent technologies and intensify construction and application of a network information system to gradually build an intelligent military system.Solid steps should be taken to advance military training and enhance combat preparedness to effectively safeguard China's national sovereignty, security and development interests, he said.Xi emphasized that consolidating and enhancing integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities is the path the nation must take to achieve high-quality modernization of national defense and the armed forces.He called for strengthening military governance, optimizing institutional frameworks and improving policies and regulations to strengthen close collaboration between the military and civilian sectors.In another development, Xi has signed an order to commend Yang Yong from Troop 91548 of the PLA, honoring him with a first-class merit citation in defense-related science and technology.China has also commended and honored 12 military officers and soldiers as "the most beautiful revolutionary personnel of the new era", according to a joint announcement on Friday by the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Political Work Department of the CMC.

Īsā laikā divi Valsts policijas darbinieki paši kļuvuši par aizturētajiem. Alkohola reibumā izdarīti smagi noziegumi. Cilvēka piekaušana līdz nāvei un dzērumā vadīta auto avārija. Apstāķļu sakritībai vai ilgstošas disciplīnas problēmas Valsts policijas rindās? Pēdējā nedēļā aktualizējies arī jautājums par robežu starp humoru un rasismu. Plašu ievērību guvusi epizode no Sabiles svētkiem, kur ielu karnevālā daži cilvēki parodēja tumšādainus preču piegādes kurjerus. Tikmēr kāda Rīgas domes deputāte izplatīja video, kurā attēlota vardarbība pret citas ādas krāsas cilvēkiem.  Turpinās "airBaltic" lidojums caur tumšiem neziņas mākoņiem. Valdība piecas stundas lēma par uzņēmuma finanšu situāciju un nākotni, taču neskaidrība par uzņēmuma likteni tikai palielinās.  Tūkstošiem mūziķa Pitbull cienītāju šonedēļ piedzīvoja pamatīgu vilšanos. Koncerts Mežaparkā pēdējā brīdī tika atcelts, kā iemeslu minot skatuves tehniskās problēmas. Aktualitātes Krustpunktā analizē Latvijas Universitātes Ekonomikas un sociālo zinātņu fakultātes pasniedzējs Mārtiņš Pričins, Latvijas Radio Pētnieciskās žurnālistikas daļas žurnālists Kārlis Arājs un portāla "TVNET" galvenā redaktore Ērika Staškevica.      

Zoë Puighibet serà la pregonera de la Festa Major d'enguany i ha avançat un pregó alegre i participatiu pel que ha demanat al públic que hi assisteixi que hi dugui un barret de Festa Major. Noemí Milà, és l'autora del poema de la Bandera en el que recorda la seva àvia Pilar i amb ella a totes les cosidores de la festa. Pel que fa als pendonistes, Maria Dolors Carbonell, administradora de Sant Sebastià serà la de Santa Tecla i Joan Roca el de Sant Bartomeu, un secret a veus que ahir finalment es va fer públic. Tot plegat en el marc d'una Festa Major que es presenta amb més activitats que mai, disset en vuit dies, aptes per a tots els públics i amb servei de barra i de bar disponible a La Plaça, la que enguany preveu consolidar-se com a punt de trobada de la festa. Entre les novetats la més destacada el sopar popular "Jo porto" previst pel dissabte 21 a la Plaça amb un preu de 5€ que inclou dues begudes, pica pica i postres, el sopar se l'haurà de dur cadascú de casa. Pel que fa als morterets, per Sant Bartomeu les encarregades de llençar-los seran les bibliotecàries coincidint amb el 90è aniversari de la Biblioteca Santiago Rusiñol i per Santa Tecla se n'ocuparan les i els mestres de les escoles de Sitges en tant que homenatge a un any escolar difícil. Tot plegat es va explicar amb detall ahir durant la presentació del programa de la Festa Major que ja es pot adquirir a un preu de 3€ en diferents punts de la vila. La regidora de tradicions i festes, Eva Martín va obrir l'acte que van conduir els membres de la Comissió de Festa Major i Santa Tecla liderats per Xavi Salmeron, i el va cloure l'alcaldessa, Aurora Carbonell. L'entrada Zoë, Noemí, Joan i Dolors, els protagonistes de la Festa Major de 2026 ha aparegut primer a Radio Maricel.

On July 6 China tested a submarine-launched intercontinental ballistic missile into the South China Sea. A PLA statement after the test claimed that “the missile test was a routine part of China's annual military training program, and relevant countries had been notified in advance.” In this episode of The Diplomat's Asia Geopolitics Podcast hosts Ankit Panda and Katie Putz take stock of the test and the reactions across the Pacific. The July 6 was the first time that China has launched a submarine-launched ballistic missile into international waters, and only its the second launch of a ballistic missile into international waters since 1980. Also unusual: China provided notice to Australia, Japan, the U.S. and others, through in some cases only half an hour.You can subscribe to The Diplomat's Asia Geopolitics podcast on Apple Podcasts and Spotify; and watch the episode on YouTube.

SCHEDULE THE MAKING OF THE JOHN BATCHELOR SHOW, 7-28-26.1900 IDAHOLiz Peek reports the US economy remains robust, driven by strong consumer spending in rural areas like Connecticutand Lancaster County. Peek highlights rising small business and consumer confidence despite increasing gasoline prices. Attention shifts to new Federal Reserve Chairman Kevin Warsh, who may end "dot plot" forecasting. Warsh aims to be more "taciturn," forcing markets to rely on incoming data rather than Fed projections. (1)Liz Peek examines the Michigan Democratic Senate primary as a national test for the party's ideological direction. Moderate Haley Stevens faces Dr. Abdul El-Sayed, a candidate favored by the Democratic Socialists of America. Peek notes the "shocker" UAW endorsement of El-Sayed, highlighting a shift toward "woke" politics among union members in higher education. This race evaluates if a far-left candidate can win a statewide swing-state contest. (2)Thaddeus McCotter and Judy Dempsey discuss Ukraine's strike on an Iranian vessel in the Caspian Sea, which complicates global energy security for Europe. This inland sea is a vital source of non-Russian energy. Dempsey reports that Germany is carefully observing the implications of this new front. The strike underscores the deep military connection between Russia and Iran regarding equipment exchanges. Meanwhile, recent polls show seven out of ten Americans oppose the Iran war. (3)Thaddeus McCotter and Judy Dempsey turn to a deadly ramming attack at a Berlin parade that has put Chancellor Friedrich Merz on the defensive regarding his security credentials. The populist AfD party is exploiting the tragedy to criticize "uncontrolled immigration" ahead of crucial state elections. While Merz responded with calls for law and order, the incident underscores the difficulty police face in monitoring numerous terrorist suspects. The AfD utilizes these crises to offer simple solutions. (4)Mary Kissel notes diplomatic efforts with Iran currently involve "shuttling messages" through intermediaries like Omanand Qatar. Kissel argues that the Islamic Republic is a revolutionary regime with no interest in genuine strategic peace. The administration's lack of a cohesive strategy has led to declining public support for military action. Meanwhile, the Houthi threat in the Red Sea remains a dangerous Iranian-backed tool for disrupting international shipping. (5)Mary Kissel observes President Zelenskyy is receiving a warmer reception in Washington due to Ukraine's increasing military leverage. Innovative long-range drone strikes on Russian energy nodes have demonstrated Ukraine's utility to USstrategic interests. Unlike the situation with Iran, the US maintains active diplomatic channels in Moscow to discuss potential conflict resolutions. Kissel notes that influential voices on the right are beginning to shift their views on Ukraine. (6)Jonathan Schanzer reports the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East are merging as Russia, Iran, and Chinacoordinate their efforts. Schanzer notes that Ukraine's Caspian Sea strike has clarified this global partnership. The US is currently attempting to "keep a lid" on Israel to prevent a regional escalation. However, the US military faces a depletion of missile interceptors, making it difficult to sustain a long, high-intensity conflict. (7)Jonathan Schanzer discusses new UK–US talks focused on a maritime coalition to secure the Strait of Hormuz and Red Sea. Prime Minister Andy Burnham has an opportunity to reset the relationship with Donald Trump. The Iranian-backed Houthi threat remains a top concern for global oil analysts and regional powers like Egypt. Meanwhile, the US is signaling that Lebanon is "too big to fail" to counter Hezbollah's regional influence. (8)Gregory Copley reports the Trump administration has imposed tariffs on Australia, alleging "forced labor" practices—a claim Copley describes as spurious. This move antagonizes a loyal ally that has fought alongside the US for over a century. Consequently, Australia and Canada are beginning to lessen their strategic dependence on the US. Copley warns that such unilateral protectionism could weaken the long-term structure of the Western alliance. (9)Gregory Copley describes Cuba's total implosion as its infrastructure collapses and major blackouts occur. Copley describes a strategic failure in the Caribbean, where China has built significant influence over the last 20 years. The USmust decide whether to facilitate a rapid collapse or a managed transition of the regime. While the Cuban people suffer, the wealthy expatriate community remains ready to fund reconstruction. (10)Gregory Copley reports Xi Jinping faces significant internal opposition from Communist Party elders at the Beidaiheretreat. Despite his titles, Xi's operational power is waning as the Chinese economy evaporates and social unrest grows. A recent ballistic missile launch served as a show of strength before a state visit to the US. Copley notes that youth unemployment is high, and the PLA may eventually act independently. (11)Gregory Copley turns to the UK, where following the rise of Prime Minister Andy Burnham, the country faces political uncertainty as Labour struggles with a lack of growth. Copley highlights King Charles III's vital role as a unifying force, focusing on British national identity and values. While the Burnham government is viewed as sclerotic and ideological, the King remains an egalitarian figure. His efforts to preserve heritage, like Dumfries House, bolster his standing. (12)Joseph Sternberg criticizes Prime Minister Andy Burnham's economic policy as ineffective against the cost-of-living crisis. Sternberg argues that the UK is trapped by net-zero regulations that prevent the use of vast North Sea oil and gas reserves. Burnham finds it politically difficult to cut taxes or reverse climate policies despite potential economic benefits. This paralysis makes his government a target for future replacement. (13)Joseph Sternberg notes Chairman Kevin Warsh is moving the Federal Reserve toward a "taciturn" style, ending the practice of "forward guidance." This reform aims to prevent the Fed from becoming locked into policies that may become inappropriate as data shifts. Sternberg suggests that saying less may protect the Fed from political conflict with the White House over tariffs. Markets must now interpret raw data rather than Fed signals. (14)Thaddeus McCotter describes the Michigan Democratic Senate primary as a "civil war" between establishment candidate Haley Stevens and progressive Dr. Abdul El-Sayed. The candidates are sharply divided over AIPAC funding and support for Israel. Stevens is endorsed by high-profile figures like Gretchen Whitmer and Barack Obama. The result will indicate if the Democratic Socialists of America can succeed in a statewide race in a swing state. (15)Thaddeus McCotter notes Dr. Abdul El-Sayed denies being a socialist, claiming he merely wants to regulate "capitalism run amok." However, his platform includes radical proposals such as abolishing ICE. Haley Stevens frames him as a "celebrity candidate" and questions his appeal to women voters. McCotter notes that while the DSA lacks a ground model, identity politics may drive a high turnout among Michigan's large Muslim population. (16)Corrections applied throughout as directed: Thaddeus McCotter and Liz Peek.

Gregory Copley reports Xi Jinping faces significant internal opposition from Communist Party elders at the Beidaiheretreat. Despite his titles, Xi's operational power is waning as the Chinese economy evaporates and social unrest grows. A recent ballistic missile launch served as a show of strength before a state visit to the US. Copley notes that youth unemployment is high, and the PLA may eventually act independently. (11)

How would permanent daylight saving time impact Ohioans?It is a common misconception that daylight saving time was created to give farmers an extra hour of sunlight for fieldwork. Its history goes much deeper. During World War 1, the United States established the Standard Time Act of 1918, to modernize our time zones and require sunrise and sunset to happen later in warmer months. It was an effort to conserve fuel and energy – which we came to know as daylight saving time – and it was repealed after the war but reinstated in 1966 through the Uniform Time Act. The system is up for debate again in today's Congress, with House Bill 139, called the "Sunshine Protection Act." This would make daylight saving time permanent. It's been passed by the U.S. House and now awaits consideration by the Senate. It's a topic that's often fiercely debated, tied to sleep cycles and safety concerns. And some people think our current system, while annoying to adjust our car clocks and microwaves two times a year, remains the best option. On Wednesday's “Sound of Ideas” we'll hear from health experts, a national reporter, and an education advocate on how daylight saving time affects our bodies and our communities, and the arguments for and against permanently changing our clocks. Guests:- Heather Trnka, Injury Prevention Manager, Akron Children's Hospital- Scott Karlo, Executive Director, Ohio Public School Advocacy Network- Dan Diamond, White House Reporter, Washington Post- Swaroop Pinto, M.D., Director, Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Akron Children's Hospital Cuyahoga County Public Library CEOThe Cuyahoga County Public Library has over 700,000 cardholders across its system with 27 branches located throughout Northeast Ohio. While CCPL has been on the receiving end of plenty of national praise over the years, library systems across the country are facing unique challenges, from discussions about the reduction or elimination of property taxes, to continued pressures over the removal of controversial books and materials. Jamar Rahming joined Cuyahoga County Public Library in August 2025, closing in on his one-year anniversary, and was just elected as the president of the Public Library Association, a nationwide library advocacy organization. He spoke about his first year with CCPL, as well as the new elected position with the PLA. Guest:- Jamar O. Rahming, CEO, Cuyahoga County Public Library; President, Public Library Association

Nedēļa bijusi notikumiem bagāta. Uzzinājām par Ungārijas OTP bankas ienākšanu Baltijas tirgu, nopērkot "Luminor" banku. Bet tas, ka OTP bankai joprojām ir filiāle Krievijā, tomēr raisa jautājumus. Katrā ziņā regulators šo darījumu vēl izvērtē. Tikmēr prokuratūra valdībai prasīja atcelt iepriekšējā Ministru Kabineta lēmumu "kokrūpnieku lietā", kur ir apsūdzības par valstij radītiem zaudējumiem. Tomēr esošais Ministru Kabinets to nevarot darīt. Plaši apspriests tiek arī policijas slēdziens par kādas sievietes apsūdzību par imigrantu uzmākšanos Rīgas centra, izpētot apstākļus, tostarp pārbaudot videokameru ierakstus, policija secinājusi, ka šāds gadījums nav noticis. Par nedēļas aktualitātēm ar žurnālistiem spriežam Krustpunktā. Analizē Madara Fridrihsone, Latvijas TV raidījumā „Kas notiek Latvijā” redaktore, Ansis Bogustovs no TV24 un Māris Antonevičs no "Latvijas Avīzes".  

Good afternoon, I'm _ with today's episode of EZ News. PLA helicopter crosses Taiwan Strait median line The Ministry of National Defense says a Chinese military helicopter was detected crossing the median line of the Taiwan Strait median line on Monday. Officials say the helicopter and a drone were detected between 10:20AM and 7:40PM on Monday. Chieh Chung, a researcher at the Institute for National Defense and Security Research, says he believes it is the first time a Chinese military helicopter has been detected crossing the median line. Chieh says that represents a new form of "gray-zone" operation. Defense officials have not said whether the detected helicopter was a shipborne aircraft (艦載機) or had been dispatched from a nearby Army aviation base along China's coast. Taiwan enters new COVID-19 epidemic phase: CDC Taiwan has officially entered a new COVID-19 epidemic phase after more than 47 hundred people sought treatment for the disease during July 12-18. The Centers for Disease Control says that figure marks a 66.5 percent increase from the previous week. Officials say Taiwan has sufficient supplies of antiviral medications and vaccines to respond to the outbreak. She said the NB.1.8.1 variant has remained the dominant strain in Taiwan for the past four weeks. The most common symptoms include sore throat, cough, nasal congestion (鼻塞) or a runny nose, fever, fatigue, headache and muscle aches. COVID-19 activity is also increasing in China, Hong Kong, Japan and South Korea, Tseng said. Taipei retains** 14th place in global student city rankings** Taipei ranked 14th in the U.K.-based Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) Best Student Cities 2027 rankings. The rankings were based on indicators including university rankings, desirability, affordability, student mix and employer activity. QS noted that Taiwan's ranked cities performed particularly well for affordability (可負擔性), with all placing among the world's top 30. But Taiwan's cities lagged in employer activity, which measures how strongly employers associate a city with producing high-quality graduates. Globally, Seoul topped the 2027 rankings, followed by Tokyo, London and Melbourne. Munich and Sydney tied for fifth, ahead of Paris, Berlin, Vienna and Zurich. US STRIKES IRAN FOR TENTH CONSECUTIVE DAY A 10th straight day of attacks between the United States and Iran across the Middle East has overshadowed (使蒙上陰影) diplomatic efforts in Pakistan to salvage an interim ceasefire deal that collapsed earlier this month. US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth says the Iran war has cost $37.5 billion, so far. It is now unclear what new arrangement might be reached to end the war… which has turned into a battle for control over the Strait of Hormuz… Ed Donahue reports on the mood from the White House. France social media ban French lawmakers have approved a bill banning children under 15 from using social media. The move makes France the first country in the European Union to pass a blanket ban (全面禁令) on platforms as concerns grow worldwide over the harmful effects of digital content on kids. Both chambers of the Parliament voted Tuesday in favor of the measure, a flagship initiative of French President Emmanuel Macron's second term. The bill also bans the use of mobile phones in high schools. That was the I.C.R.T. EZ News, I'm _. －－－－以下為 SoundOn 動態廣告－－－－ 旅遊優惠別錯過！ 可樂旅遊17瘋搶日，每月限定3天搶限量優惠！ 1號訂房折10% 7號票券折7% 17號機票折1.7% 熱愛自由行的你，肯定要每個月鎖定！ https://sofm.pse.is/9erfwm -- Hosting provided by SoundOn

映画『Michael』のセリフで英語を攻略するシリーズ第2弾！前回の「英語のリズム」に続き、今回は「音のつながりと変化（リンキング）」にフォーカスして練習していきます。英語は日本語のように1音ずつカッチリ発音するのではなく、単語同士をいかに滑らかにつなぐかが重要です。音がつながる感覚をマスターして、流暢で相手に伝わりやすい英語を手に入れましょう！

En el seu segon i darrer any com a Comissió organitzadora l'aposta és clara cap a la inclusió i la Festa Major d'enguany presentarà novetats en aquest sentit. D'entrada es manté i millora el tram en calma al carrer Sant Gaudenci durant les processons de Sant Bartomeu, el 24 d'agost, i Santa Tecla, el 23 de setembre. També s'incorporarà la interpretació en llengua catalana de signes en més actes més enllà del Pregó i per primera vegada les persones sordes podran disposar de motxilles vibratòries per gaudir de l'entrada de Grallers des de la Plaça de l'Ajuntament. Altra novetat en matèria d'inclusió és la prova pilot que es realitzarà durant totes les processons de reservar espais per a les persones amb cadira de rodes que tindran ubicació exclusiva en funció de la processó que vulguin anar a veure i que hauran de sol·licitar via formulari al web www.sitgesfestamajor.cat . Tot plegat en un any on es vol visibilitzar la feina artesanal de tantes persones de Sitges que treballen per la festa i que són indispensables com ara les cosidores, protagonistes al cartellA l'espera que es presenti el programa oficial, el proper dijous dia 30, Xavier Salmeron, president de la Comissió, ens avança un dels actes nous d'enguany, un sopar popular que es durà a terme a La Plaça. L'entrada La Comissió de Sant Bartomeu i Santa Tecla, una feina col·lectiva i voluntària, ens anuncia una Festa Major més inclusiva i un sopar popular a La Plaça ha aparegut primer a Radio Maricel.

About the Guest Dr. Chris DeArmitt FIMMM FRSC CChem is an independent polymer scientist, author, and founder of the Plastics Research Council — a nonprofit where he and professors from around the world work entirely unpaid to review and share peer-reviewed science on plastics. A specialist in polymer additives and fillers whose clients have included Apple and companies across multiple continents, Chris has spent over seven years and roughly a thousand hours annually reading thousands of studies on plastics, the environment, and human health. His findings are published in two freely available books and endorsed by toxicologists, medical doctors, and professors who have checked the science and found no errors. Episode Summary What do you actually know about plastics — and where did that knowledge come from? That's the question Dr. Chris DeArmitt puts to every audience he speaks to, and the answer is almost always the same: the media. In this episode of Shape the System, host Vincent Turner sits down with Chris for a wide-ranging, evidence-first conversation about one of the most misunderstood materials on the planet. The result is an episode that will challenge most of what you think you know — not through opinion, but through peer-reviewed science. Chris opens by reframing the scale of the problem. Plastics represent just half a percent of all materials and waste we produce. Replacing them with paper, metal, or glass would require roughly double the fossil fuel — not less — because those alternatives demand far more energy to manufacture. And despite the ubiquitous image of a turtle tangled in a plastic bag, Chris recounts successfully pushing the BBC to retract a photoshopped image of exactly that scenario, which he argues has never occurred in nature. The famous "floating island of plastic the size of Texas"? Undetectable by satellite, and contradicted by decades of ocean monitoring data showing a vessel must sail 100,000 miles — four times around the planet — to find a single piece of plastic bag. On microplastics, Chris is equally direct. Our lifetime ingestion of plastic particles amounts to roughly 0.015 grams over 70 years — a hundred million times below the no-observable-adverse-effect level established in over 2,000 studies spanning 60 years. The WWF's claim that we eat a credit card's worth of plastic each week, he notes, has been refuted by multiple independent studies — and remains on their website regardless. Meanwhile, the most common end-of-life options for plastic — landfill, incineration for energy recovery, or mechanical recycling — are all scientifically defensible, with recycling reducing environmental impact by a further 70% on top of plastic's already lowest-in-class baseline across 93% of applications studied. Looking forward, Chris draws a clear line between innovations with evidence and those without. Plant-based versions of existing polymers like polyethylene and polypropylene — chemically identical to their fossil fuel counterparts, recyclable in the same streams, with decades of safety data — represent a credible path. Novel biopolymers like PLA, PHA, and seaweed-derived plastics, by contrast, lack life cycle evidence that they reduce environmental impact, regardless of how appealing they sound. The most unsexy innovation he highlights may also be the most significant: down-gauging, the continuous industry-wide effort to use less material to do the same job. A PET bottle that weighed 25 grams a generation ago now weighs around 8 grams — a 60% reduction in material, achieved quietly, without a press release. Key Takeaways Plastics account for just 0.5% of materials and waste, and replacing them with paper, metal, or glass would roughly double fossil fuel usage — making plastic bans scientifically counterproductive by every life cycle study ever conducted. Our lifetime ingestion of microplastic particles is approximately 0.015 grams — a hundred million times below the established safe threshold — and no study in 60 years of research has documented a health effect from plastic particles at real-world doses. Plastic has the lowest environmental impact in 93% of applications studied, even without recycling; adding recycling reduces that impact by a further 70%, but the material is already net-positive before any recycling takes place. Litter is caused by litterers, not manufacturers — scientific studies comparing tourist beaches to remote beaches confirm litter originates from people on the beach, and post-bag-ban studies in Maine, Washington State, and New Jersey all found increased environmental impact and increased plastic sales following the bans. Plant-based polyethylene and polypropylene exist today and are identical in performance and recyclability to fossil fuel-derived versions — a more credible near-term innovation than novel biopolymers, which currently lack life cycle evidence of reduced environmental impact. Notable Quotes "Everything you know about plastics comes from a source that you don't trust. Maybe it's time to put that aside for 10 minutes and just consider what scientists say about it." — Dr. Chris DeArmitt "Plastic is actually net fossil fuel and carbon dioxide negative because they make cars lighter, they make airplanes lighter, they reduce food waste, and they insulate your homes." — Dr. Chris DeArmitt "The World Wildlife Fund tells us that we eat a credit card a week of microplastic. Science says that would take 20,000 years to do." — Dr. Chris DeArmitt "People think that because it's synthetic, it's like completely alien and different, and it really isn't. There's no property of polymers which is really different to anything natural." — Dr. Chris DeArmitt "The people with the most passion are doing the most harm because they didn't check the facts before they went off. They're like an unguided missile — they've got a big warhead but no guidance system." — Dr. Chris DeArmitt Resources Plastics Research Council   Shape the System is  an independent podcast with support from KPMG High Growth Ventures More about KPMG High Growth Ventures Scale up for success. We're here for that. We navigate founders and their teams to the services they need to reach their next milestone. From startup to scale and beyond. No matter where you are right now, we'll get you the help you need to drive your business forward. We help founders fully realise their potential, as well as the potential of their team and their business, by connecting them to the expertise, skills and resources they need at every stage of their growth journey. Our extensive experience in partnering with evolving businesses means that we can provide you with tailored support as well as independent and practical insights. Whether you are looking to refine your strategy, establish your operations, prepare for a capital raise, expand abroad or simply comply with regulatory requirements, we are here to help. Links: Website: About (highgrowthventures.com.au) LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/kpmg-enterprise-high-growth-ventures/ Contacts: highgrowthventures@kpmg.com.au Shape the System is an independent podcast with support from KPMG High Growth Ventures More about KPMG High Growth VenturesScale up for success. We're here for that.We navigate founders and their teams to the services they need to reach their next milestone. From startup to scale and beyond. No matter where you are right now, we'll get you the help you need to drive your business forward. We help founders fully realise their potential, as well as the potential of their team and their business, by connecting them to the expertise, skills and resources they need at every stage of their growth journey.Our extensive experience in partnering with evolving businesses means that we can provide you with tailored support as well as independent and practical insights. Whether you are looking to refine your strategy, establish your operations, prepare for a capital raise, expand abroad or simply comply with regulatory requirements, we are here to help.Links:Website: About (highgrowthventures.com.au)LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/kpmg-enterprise-high-growth-ventures/Contacts: highgrowthventures@kpmg.com.au

La Capital del Vallespir és a punt per acollir el 68è Festival de Sardanes de la vila, una trobada anual de músics i dansaires d'arreu del país. Els carrers de Ceret sonaran des del divendres 17 fins el diumenge 19 al ritme de les cobles i s'organitzaran diverses activitats relacionades amb la dansa tradicional catalana. Un dels punts àlgids del cap de setmana serà dissabte al vespre amb el concurs de la Copa Catalana de Sardana, que es farà a la Plaça de Braus de Ceret, amb entrada gratuïta. La celebració del concurs torna enguany a les Arenes desprès d'anys al centre de la vila. Segons els organitzadors, aquest retorn és per permetre que el públic pugui veure millor els balladors. 

Notes Avui la Sílvia ens proposa un exercici per practicar adjectius: ella diu el començament d'una frase i l'Andreu l'ha de completar amb un adjectiu, el primer que li vingui al cap. Tot seguit, n'han de trobar el contrari. Entremig, comentaran matisos importants dels adjectius que vagin sortint. Episodi en directe Acompanya'ns el pròxim 23 de juliol a les 17 h a la llibreria Ona per al segon episodi amb públic! Podreu remenar llibres en català, protegir-vos de la calor, practicar el català i passar una bona estona amb nosaltres.

Els Bombers estabilitzen els incendis de Navarcles i del Pla de Manlleu. Tamb

On today's show Andrew and Bill begin with Monday's SLBM test from the PLA Navy, including questions surrounding its timing and location, regional angst, and a reminder that the PLA continues to enhance its nuclear triad capabilities. Then: Two new PLA generals are promoted while rectification continues and five CMC seats remain vacant, and reactions to last week's shocking CITIC plane crash and a major security breach in Beijing. From there: An emailer asks about America's interests in maintaining the Taiwan status quo, Beijing considers limiting access to advanced AI models, the knives are out for Jeffery Kessler at BIS, and the White House preps for Xi's visit in September. At the end Questions about the release of pastor Ezra Jin, context for the U.S. sentencing of disgraced tycoon Guo Wengui, and the Washington Wizards get a letter from Rep. John Moolenaar.

Gregory Copley. Xi Jinping's Internal Struggles and the Vulnerable 'Boomer' Fleet. Copley views China's missile test as a move by Xi Jinping to look credible amidst domestic instability and loss of control over the PLA. He notes that while the Jin-class submarines are "noisy" and vulnerable, the test sends a pointed message to the West and Pacificnations. (9)

SCHEDULE JBS, 7-7-20261862 NYC  Liz Peek. Revamping Federal Reserve Communications: No More Dot Plots? Liz Peek discusses new FedChair Kevin Warsh's shift away from "forward guidance" and "dot plots". She argues this pragmatic approach requires investors to analyze raw economic data rather than Fed algorithms. Despite past recession fears, the economy remains stable with low unemployment at 4.2%. (1) Liz Peek. The Democratic Party's 2028 Internal Conflict: Socialists vs. Establishment. Peek analyzes the rising tension between the Democratic establishment and radical socialists like New York Mayor Zohran Mamdani. She suggests Governor Newsom faces credibility issues due to "flip-flops," while younger socialist candidates threaten to alienate traditional Jewish and Black voters, potentially wrecking the party's 2028 prospects. (2) Captain James Fanell. China's Nuclear Triad Expansion: Submerged Ballistic Missile Test. Captain Fanellexplains the significance of China's recent submerged ballistic missile launch from a Jin-class submarine. Reaching over 10,000 kilometers, this JL-3 missile flew over U.S. territories like Guam. This rare test signals China's rapid development of a nuclear triad intended to achieve strategic deterrence against the U.S. (3) Captain James Fanell. Countering China's First Strike Strategy in the Pacific. Fanell argues China's SLBM test challenges their "no first use" policy, effectively demonstrating a first-strike capability. He recommends the U.S. bolster its naval force structure in the Western Pacific and utilize B-2 bomber flights to signal resolve against Chinese efforts to drive America out of the region. (4) Mary Kissel. NATO's New Vigor and the European Defense Dilemma. Mary Kissel discusses NATO'srenewed urgency following Russian aggression in Ukraine. While front-line nations like Poland exceed spending targets, many Europeans have historically relied on the U.S. defense umbrella to fund social welfare states. She warns that Putin continues to test NATO's unity at the margins. (5) Mary Kissel. Confronting Beijing's Provocations and the Cost of Appeasement. Kissel critiques the U.S.government for pursuing trade deals while China conducts intimidating missile tests in the Pacific. She urges the administration to recognize the severity of the threat, strengthen regional alliances, and impose actual consequences for Beijing's increasingly hostile behavior to avoid a greater future threat. (6) Joseph Sternberg. Federal Reserve Introspection and Britain's Political Turmoil. Sternberg examines Governor Waller's speech regarding how "forward guidance" may have blinded the Fed to 2021 inflation. Turning to the UK, he notes Prime Minister Keir Starmer's plummeting popularity and argues that British politics is trapped in personality-driven cycles without addressing fundamental policy or welfare state problems. (7) Joseph Sternberg. Cultural Divides: American Earnestness vs. European Cynicism. During the World Cup, Sternberg observes that European visitors are struck by American earnestness regarding God, patriotism, and politics. He notes that while shared history exists, deep cultural divisions persist; Europeans often view patriotism as destructive, whereas Americans continue to view it as a healthy instinct. (8) Gregory Copley. Xi Jinping's Internal Struggles and the Vulnerable 'Boomer' Fleet. Copley views China'smissile test as a move by Xi Jinping to look credible amidst domestic instability and loss of control over the PLA. He notes that while the Jin-class submarines are "noisy" and vulnerable, the test sends a pointed message to the West and Pacific nations. (9) Gregory Copley. Russian Bluster and NATO's Disorganized Response. Copley dismisses Russian threats against Poland and Finland as "agit prop" designed to save face during the NATO summit. He argues Russia is incapable of a major war with NATO and that Putin remains secure despite domestic pressures, petrol rationing, and the West's disorganized attempts to unify. (10) Gregory Copley. Iran's Leadership Vacuum and the Illusion of Nuclear Success. Copley reports a lack of cohesive leadership in Iran, with Ayatollah Khamenei potentially incapacitated. He asserts the West has failed on all metrics, including regime change and securing the Strait of Hormuz. Iran views its nuclear program primarily as a bargaining chip for sovereignty rather than victory. (11) Gregory Copley. The Prodigal Son: Prince Harry's Mounting Legal and Financial Woes. Copley discusses Prince Harry's precarious position after losing a major lawsuit, leaving him with a 50 million pound debt. King Charles III prioritizes his duty to the monarchy over family ties as concerns grow regarding Harry's management of the Invictus Games and his wife's public criticisms of the family. (12) Thaddeus McCotter. Democratic Party Discipline: Managing Candidate Crises and Ideological Rifts.McCotter explores how the Democratic establishment "blew up" problematic candidates like Eric Swalwell to install figures like Xavier Becerra. He describes an ongoing "civil war" between the establishment and the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), with leadership working to clear out radicals to appeal to mainstream voters. (13) Thaddeus McCotter. The Republican Civil War: MAGA Populism vs. the Establishment. McCotter analyzes the Republican Party's struggle with the MAGA movement, which he defines as populist rather than traditionally Republican. He warns that without a clear programmatic platform beyond Donald Trump, the movement may not survive his leadership, potentially leading to conflict with the revanchist Republican establishment. (14) Grant Newsham. The Shadow of Appeasement: Europe's Unwillingness to Defend Itself. Newsham compares current European hesitation to confront Russia with 1930s appeasement. He argues that many European nations have developed a "pathologic dependence" on the U.S. to fund their social welfare states. He warns that without U.S. backing, Europe lacks the unity to stop Russian aggression. (15) Henry Sokolski. Iran's Nuclear Defiance and the Futility of Unsupervised Deals. Sokolski highlights the disconnect between U.S. and Iranian positions following a recent memorandum of understanding. Iran refuses inspections of bombed enrichment sites, while the U.S. insists on them. He warns that preventing Iran from building a bomb remains an uphill battle without clearer public goals. (16) Corrections applied: Liz Peek (not "Elizabeth Peak"), Zohran Mamdani (not "Zoron Mandani"), Thaddeus McCotter(not "Thaddius Marter"), JL-3 and B-2 (hyphenated).

Brian Molko joins Alan for a brilliantly funny flight, from an unforgettable airport encounter with Alan that reminds Brian of David Bowie, to why he finally decided to revisit Placebo's debut album 30 years later. They talk about rebuilding his relationship with those early songs ahead of Placebo's 30th anniversary tour and the band's debut album, newly RE:CREATED, why the Britpop era made Placebo stand out, and reclaiming Nancy Boy. Along the way there's talk of memory tricks, cannibals, Magaluf, airports, sharks in the Maldives, rehab romances, why Brian believes arriving is the best part of travelling, and an unforgettable quick-fire round. Plus, Brian reveals why this anniversary tour he's been able to celebrate Placebo's earliest music with genuine joy. 00:00 Brian's fear of flying and the luxury of Alanair01:08 The Alan airport encounter that reminded Brian of David Bowie08:00 Why Brian recreated Placebo's debut album09:57 Standing apart from Britpop and embracing difference12:11 Rediscovering the debut album after 25 years12:51 The story behind Nancy Boy14:06 Memory, the Mandela Effect and false memories15:13 Alan pitches “Pla-subo" featuring Susan Boyle16:03 Placenta parties, cannibalism and "long pigs"17:18 Forgetfulness, daydreaming and useless knowledge18:13 Loving the destination but hating the journey20:26 Smoking on planes and Brian's airport theories21:53 Placebo's 30th anniversary tour and finding joy again24:14 Brian's holiday nightmare in Magaluf26:06 Rehab romances27:32 Why kindness gets better service than complaining30:02 The Maldives, rabbits and reef sharks32:04 Eating street food in Bangkok33:16 Quick Fire: beach or pool, window or aisle?35:38 Alan's stage fright wee and Brian's bladder training tips37:40 Why everyone should tip their delivery driver #LifesABeach #AlanCarr #BrianMolko #Placebo #Placebo30 #AlternativeRock #RockMusic #DavidBowie #Britpop #NancyBoy #Travel #AnniversaryTour Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Barcelona está lista para el arranque del Tour de Francia. Gracias al Espai Movistar en Plaça de Catalunya me encuentro con Alejandro Valverde para hablar sobre el gigante que es el Tour. Se suma a la conversación Aitor Viribay, investigador en fisiología del ejercicio y metabolismo, durante unos años nutricionista en el equipo Ineos que viene a contarnos más sobre la última revolución en nutrición y rendimiento con los geles de lactato. También Olga Ábalos, directora de la revista Volata para acercarnos cómo está viviendo la ciudad la llegada del Tour de Francia y el impacto que debería dejar. 00:00 - 04:38 Bienvenida. Recuerdos de aquellos días de víspera del Tour. Una mirada a la victoria del equipo Movistar en la crono por equipos inaugural de la Vuelta de 2012 en Pamplona.04:38 - 08:02 Recuerdos de su llegada a París tras el podio en el Tour de 2016.08:02 - 11:40 Valverde no disfrutaba del Tour. La importancia de estar al 100% mentalmente para poder rendir. 12:00 - 15:03 El mejor y el peor Tour de Alejandro Valverde.15:03 - 19:23 Un vistazo al Tour de 2026. Inevitable hablar del debut de Paul Seixas. 19:23 - 21:31 ¿Echa de menos Alejandro Valverde el Tour?21:31- 24:04 Aitor Viribay nos explica los avances en relación al lactacto como algo que se consume y es palatable.24:04 -26:40 Llegan los geles de lactato al Tour de Francia. 29:51 - 31:05 Con esto te va a explotar la cabeza. 34:00 - 35:43 El impacto del Tour en el metabolismo y en la salud psicológica.36:00 - 40:53 Evolución de la nutrición y las reticencias de los deportistas. 41:30 - 48:00 Olga Ábalos sobre el arranque del Tour en Barcelona. La opinión de los expertos sobre lo que va a ocurrir en las próximas tres semanas.48:30 - 52:42 Valverde sobre la ausencia de Enric en el Tour y su decisión de no correrlo en el año de su retirada.

Fluent Fiction - Catalan: Festival Fashion: Balancing Style and Savings for Sant Joan Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ca/episode/2026-06-30-22-34-02-ca Story Transcript:Ca: El sol d'estiu brillava intensament sobre la Plaça de Catalunya.En: The summer sun shone brightly over the Plaça de Catalunya.Ca: Era un dia perfecte per fer compres.En: It was a perfect day for shopping.Ca: La gent es movia amunt i avall, buscant les últimes ofertes i novetats.En: People moved up and down, searching for the latest deals and trends.Ca: Entre la multitud, en Marcel i la Laia caminaven animadament.En: Among the crowd, Marcel and Laia walked cheerfully.Ca: El festival de Sant Joan s'acostava i en Marcel volia impressionar els seus amics amb una roba espectacular.En: The Sant Joan festival was approaching, and Marcel wanted to impress his friends with spectacular clothing.Ca: "Vull trobar alguna cosa que em faci destacar aquesta nit de Sant Joan," va dir en Marcel amb decisió.En: "I want to find something that will make me stand out this Sant Joan night," Marcel said decisively.Ca: Laia va somriure.En: Laia smiled.Ca: "Sí, però no et gastis tots els diners en una camisa," va advertir amb to assenyat.En: "Yes, but don't spend all your money on a shirt," she warned sensibly.Ca: Van caminar fins a una botiga de moda, on una camisa de disseny va captar immediatament l'atenció d'en Marcel.En: They walked to a fashion store, where a designer shirt immediately caught Marcel's attention.Ca: El teixit era suau i els colors eren vius, però el preu era altíssim.En: The fabric was soft, and the colors were vibrant, but the price was very high.Ca: "És perfecte," va dir en Marcel mentre la mirava amb ulls brillants.En: "It's perfect," Marcel said as he looked at it with bright eyes.Ca: Laia va fer una ganyota divertida.En: Laia made a playful grimace.Ca: "És molt cara, Marcel.En: "It's very expensive, Marcel.Ca: Pensa en la teva butxaca.En: Think about your wallet."Ca: "En Marcel sabia que la Laia tenia raó, però la temptació era gran.En: Marcel knew that Laia was right, but the temptation was strong.Ca: Van sortir de la botiga sense la camisa, però en Marcel no podia deixar de pensar-hi.En: They left the store without the shirt, but Marcel couldn't stop thinking about it.Ca: Mentrestant, van passejar pels carrers plens de paradetes artesanes.En: Meanwhile, they strolled through streets filled with artisan stalls.Ca: Una parada amb roba feta a mà va cridar l'atenció de la Laia.En: A stall with handmade clothing caught Laia's attention.Ca: Els estampats eren únics i els preus, raonables.En: The prints were unique, and the prices reasonable.Ca: "Mira aquesta camisa," va suggerir la Laia, assenyalant una peça colorida.En: "Look at this shirt," Laia suggested, pointing to a colorful piece.Ca: En Marcel la va agafar, indecís.En: Marcel picked it up, undecided.Ca: Era un disseny diferent, però intrigant.En: It was a different, but intriguing, design.Ca: I molt més assequible.En: And much more affordable.Ca: Amb el consell de la Laia encara ressonant a les seves orelles, en Marcel va prendre una decisió.En: With Laia's advice still echoing in his ears, Marcel made a decision.Ca: "Creus que em quedarà bé?En: "Do you think it'll look good on me?"Ca: " va preguntar en Marcel, encara incert.En: Marcel asked, still uncertain.Ca: Laia va somriure de nou, aquest cop amb orgull.En: Laia smiled again, this time with pride.Ca: "Segur que sí.En: "I'm sure it will.Ca: I no et deixaràs el sou.En: And you won't blow your paycheck."Ca: "Finalment, en Marcel va comprar la camisa de la parada artesanal.En: Finally, Marcel bought the shirt from the artisan stall.Ca: A la nit de Sant Joan, la festa va ser un èxit.En: On the night of Sant Joan, the party was a success.Ca: En Marcel se sentia còmode i especial, sense preocupar-se pels diners que havia estalviat.En: Marcel felt comfortable and special, without worrying about the money he had saved.Ca: S'adonà que la roba no només es tracta de disseny, sinó de saber escollir amb saviesa.En: He realized that clothing is not just about design but about knowing how to choose wisely.Ca: En Marcel va aprendre la importància d'impressionar, sí, però sense descuidar les seves finances.En: Marcel learned the importance of impressing, yes, but without neglecting his finances.Ca: Amb el suport de la Laia, va trobar un equilibri perfecte.En: With Laia's support, he found a perfect balance.Ca: I això va fer que aquella nit de Sant Joan fos encara més memorable.En: And that made that Sant Joan night even more memorable. Vocabulary Words:the sun: el solbrightly: intensamentthe crowd: la multitudcheerfully: animadamentimpress: impressionardecisively: amb decisiówarned: advertirsensibly: amb to assenyatthe fashion store: la botiga de modathe designer shirt: la camisa de dissenythe fabric: el teixitvibrant: viusthe price: el preuplayful grimace: ganyota divertidathe wallet: la butxacathe temptation: la temptacióartisan stalls: paradetes artesaneshandmade clothing: roba feta a màprints: estampatsreasonable: raonablesundecided: indecísintriguing: intrigantaffordable: assequiblethe paycheck: el southe party: la festasuccess: èxitcomfortable: còmodesavings: estalviatwisely: amb saviesafinances: finances

1938 Cadılar Bayramında neden insanlar aniden sokağa döküldü? Voyager 1 Altın Plağına koymadığımız fotoğraflar neyi ifade ediyor? Stephen Hawking ile H. G. Wells arasında nasıl bir bağlantı var?  Barış Özcan'la 111 Hz'in bu bölümünde Orson Welles'in ABD'de yarattığı panikten, Azteklerin, Hernán Cortés'i tanrı sanmasına, evrene “biz buyuz” dediğimiz ifadeleri konuşacağız.  Bu bölümde:  (00:00) 1938 Cadılar Bayramı Paniği (05:13) Münih Krizi (06:26) 1519 Aztekler (08:42) H. G. Wells (11:12) Ozma Projesi  (16:05) Voyager 1 Altın Plağı  (18:00) Stephen Hawking  Yaratıcı: Barış Özcan  Yapımcı: Podbee Media  Bu bölüm reklam ve sponsorluk içerebilir. Tüm bölümler, videolar ve daha fazlasına Podbee App ve podbee.com'dan ücretsiz olarak ulaşabilirsiniz.

Una investigación de eldiario.es destacaba hace unas semanas que la familia real de Emiratos Árabes había cobrado hasta 71 millones de euros en subvenciones públicas europeas por cultivar en España, Rumanía e Italia. En el Pla de Lleida, concretamente, casi el 80% de la alfalfa que se produce en este lugar se exporta a Emiratos Árabes para alimentar a sus vacas y camellos. Viajamos hasta allí para conversar con los agricultores de la zona, y reflexionamos sobre el comercio local y global de la mano de Juanjo Martínez, responsable de Comercio Justo de Oxfam Intermón.

In 2012, China debuted its first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, a refurbished Soviet-era ship from Ukraine. The debut of the Liaoning was largely thanks to a longtime pressure campaign by Liu Huaqing, the onetime leader of the People's Liberation Army Navy and the man responsible for transforming China's naval strategy. (China now has three carriers, and is building a fourth). When Liu began his career, China saw its military victories as coming primarily via land warfare; Liu, over decades, forced China to take naval combat seriously. Xiaobing Li writes about Liu's life in his book China's Mahan: Admiral Liu Huaqing and the Rise of the Modern Chinese Navy (Naval Institute Press, 2026), from his early career in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War and finishing with his long push to start China's aircraft carrier program. Xiaobing Li, professor of history and Don Betz Endowed Chair in International Studies at the University of Central Oklahoma, is the author of The Dragon in the Jungle, Attack at Chosin, Building Ho's Army, History of Taiwan, and The Cold War in East Asia. He is the executive editor of the Chinese Historical Review. Li served in the PLA in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In 2012, China debuted its first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, a refurbished Soviet-era ship from Ukraine. The debut of the Liaoning was largely thanks to a longtime pressure campaign by Liu Huaqing, the onetime leader of the People's Liberation Army Navy and the man responsible for transforming China's naval strategy. (China now has three carriers, and is building a fourth). When Liu began his career, China saw its military victories as coming primarily via land warfare; Liu, over decades, forced China to take naval combat seriously. Xiaobing Li writes about Liu's life in his book China's Mahan: Admiral Liu Huaqing and the Rise of the Modern Chinese Navy (Naval Institute Press, 2026), from his early career in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War and finishing with his long push to start China's aircraft carrier program. Xiaobing Li, professor of history and Don Betz Endowed Chair in International Studies at the University of Central Oklahoma, is the author of The Dragon in the Jungle, Attack at Chosin, Building Ho's Army, History of Taiwan, and The Cold War in East Asia. He is the executive editor of the Chinese Historical Review. Li served in the PLA in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/east-asian-studies

In 2012, China debuted its first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, a refurbished Soviet-era ship from Ukraine. The debut of the Liaoning was largely thanks to a longtime pressure campaign by Liu Huaqing, the onetime leader of the People's Liberation Army Navy and the man responsible for transforming China's naval strategy. (China now has three carriers, and is building a fourth). When Liu began his career, China saw its military victories as coming primarily via land warfare; Liu, over decades, forced China to take naval combat seriously. Xiaobing Li writes about Liu's life in his book China's Mahan: Admiral Liu Huaqing and the Rise of the Modern Chinese Navy (Naval Institute Press, 2026), from his early career in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War and finishing with his long push to start China's aircraft carrier program. Xiaobing Li, professor of history and Don Betz Endowed Chair in International Studies at the University of Central Oklahoma, is the author of The Dragon in the Jungle, Attack at Chosin, Building Ho's Army, History of Taiwan, and The Cold War in East Asia. He is the executive editor of the Chinese Historical Review. Li served in the PLA in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

Fluent Fiction - Catalan: Finding Inspiration: A Night of Magic at Plaça del Sol Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/ca/episode/2026-06-25-22-34-02-ca Story Transcript:Ca: La música fluïa per tota la Plaça del Sol.En: The music flowed throughout the Plaça del Sol.Ca: Era una nit plena de màgia.En: It was a night full of magic.Ca: Els llums de colors brillaven com estrelles apropant-se a tocar la terra.En: The colorful lights shone like stars drawing near to touch the earth.Ca: L'olor de calçots a la brasa omplia l'aire, barrejant-se amb el ritme de les guitarres.En: The smell of grilled calçots filled the air, mixing with the rhythm of the guitars.Ca: Pere caminava entre la gent amb el seu somriure de sempre.En: Pere walked among the people with his usual smile.Ca: Era músic, i les nits d'estiu com aquella eren el seu moment preferit.En: He was a musician, and summer nights like this one were his favorite time.Ca: No gaire lluny, Júlia interpolava el seu món dins la plaça amb la càmera a la mà.En: Not far away, Júlia was intertwining her world with the plaza, camera in hand.Ca: Venia de Girona per captar l'essència del Sant Joan, les emocions i la vida en cada fotografia.En: She came from Girona to capture the essence of Sant Joan, the emotions and life in every photograph.Ca: Però fins ara, sols havia trobat imatges comunes i gens especials.En: But so far, she had only found common and unremarkable images.Ca: Cada cop que enfocava, veia el mateix: una munió de gent que ballava i riuria.En: Every time she focused, she saw the same: a crowd of people dancing and laughing.Ca: Res captivador.En: Nothing captivating.Ca: Pere, buscant una mica de tranquil·litat, es va apartar del bullici principal.En: Pere, seeking a bit of tranquility, moved away from the main hustle and bustle.Ca: Va trobar un racó menys concorregut, amagat darrere d'uns tendals.En: He found a less crowded corner, tucked behind some awnings.Ca: Allà, al retirat espai, va veure Júlia.En: There, in the secluded space, he saw Júlia.Ca: Els ulls de Pere es van il·luminar en veure com Júlia apuntava la seva càmera cap al cel, capturant els focs artificials que esclataven com flors luminescents.En: Pere's eyes lit up seeing how Júlia pointed her camera at the sky, capturing the fireworks bursting like luminescent flowers.Ca: "Quina foto!" va dir ell sense pensar-ho.En: "What a photo!" he said without thinking.Ca: Júlia va baixar la càmera i va somriure sorpresa.En: Júlia lowered the camera and smiled in surprise.Ca: "Gràcies! És complicat trobar alguna cosa nova aquesta nit," va admetre ella.En: "Thanks! It's complicated to find something new tonight," she admitted.Ca: "Jo també busco inspiració nova, però amb tanta gent... difícil centrar-se," va confessar Pere, assenyalant la seva guitarra.En: "I am also looking for new inspiration, but with so many people... it's hard to focus," confessed Pere, pointing to his guitar.Ca: Llavors van deixar-se portar per la màgia de la plaça.En: Then they let themselves be carried away by the magic of the plaza.Ca: Es van presentar i, sense adonar-se'n, la connexió entre ells va créixer.En: They introduced themselves, and without realizing it, the connection between them grew.Ca: Pere va tocar unes notes suaus, Júlia va fotografiar el seu somriure mentre el sol sonava a la nit estival.En: Pere played some soft notes, and Júlia photographed his smile while the sun played on the summer night.Ca: Van passar la nit explorant junts, compartint música i art.En: They spent the night exploring together, sharing music and art.Ca: Cada racó amagava alguna meravella inesperada que Júlia immortalitzava.En: Each corner hid some unexpected wonder that Júlia immortalized.Ca: Amb cada clic, Júlia trobava noves històries brollant a través de la seva lent.En: With every click, Júlia found new stories blossoming through her lens.Ca: Al final de la nit, mentre el primer llum del dia començava a pintar el cel, Júlia i Pere s'adonaren que havien trobat més que inspiració.En: At the end of the night, as the first light of day began to paint the sky, Júlia and Pere realized they had found more than inspiration.Ca: Es van donar les gràcies mútuament, sabent que el seu camí s'havia creuat per una raó.En: They thanked each other, knowing that their paths had crossed for a reason.Ca: Pere havia trobat la melodia perfecta per a la seva nova cançó, inspirada pel color dels moments compartits.En: Pere had found the perfect melody for his new song, inspired by the color of their shared moments.Ca: Júlia, amb la càmera plena d'imatges úniques, havia capturat l'autèntica essència del Sant Joan, i més del que havia esperat: un nou començament.En: Júlia, with her camera full of unique images, had captured the true essence of Sant Joan, and more than she had expected: a new beginning.Ca: Amb un somriure compartit, es van acomiadar, prometent-se que aquell encontre seria només el principi d'una història molt més gran.En: With a shared smile, they said goodbye, promising each other that this encounter would be just the beginning of a much larger story.Ca: La plaça del Sol, Testimoni silenciós, seguia brillant amb llum pròpia, un símbol de nous començaments compartits.En: The Plaça del Sol, a silent witness, continued to shine with its own light, a symbol of new shared beginnings. Vocabulary Words:flowed: fluïaplaza: la plaçasmell: l'olorgrilled: a la brasarhythm: el ritmeusual: de sempreintertwining: interpolavacapture: captaressence: l'essènciaemotions: les emocionsunremarkable: gens especialscrowd: una munióhustle and bustle: el bullicisecluded: retiratawnings: els tendalslit up: es van il·luminarlowered: va baixaradmitted: va admetretricky: complicatfocus: centrar-sesoft: suauunexpected: inesperadaimmortalized: immortalitzavastories: les històriesblossoming: brollantrealized: s'adonarenunique: úniquesgoodbye: acomiadar-sewitness: el testimonisymbol: un símbol

In 2012, China debuted its first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, a refurbished Soviet-era ship from Ukraine. The debut of the Liaoning was largely thanks to a longtime pressure campaign by Liu Huaqing, the onetime leader of the People's Liberation Army Navy and the man responsible for transforming China's naval strategy. (China now has three carriers, and is building a fourth). When Liu began his career, China saw its military victories as coming primarily via land warfare; Liu, over decades, forced China to take naval combat seriously. Xiaobing Li writes about Liu's life in his book China's Mahan: Admiral Liu Huaqing and the Rise of the Modern Chinese Navy (Naval Institute Press, 2026), from his early career in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War and finishing with his long push to start China's aircraft carrier program. Xiaobing Li, professor of history and Don Betz Endowed Chair in International Studies at the University of Central Oklahoma, is the author of The Dragon in the Jungle, Attack at Chosin, Building Ho's Army, History of Taiwan, and The Cold War in East Asia. He is the executive editor of the Chinese Historical Review. Li served in the PLA in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biography

In 2012, China debuted its first aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, a refurbished Soviet-era ship from Ukraine. The debut of the Liaoning was largely thanks to a longtime pressure campaign by Liu Huaqing, the onetime leader of the People's Liberation Army Navy and the man responsible for transforming China's naval strategy. (China now has three carriers, and is building a fourth). When Liu began his career, China saw its military victories as coming primarily via land warfare; Liu, over decades, forced China to take naval combat seriously. Xiaobing Li writes about Liu's life in his book China's Mahan: Admiral Liu Huaqing and the Rise of the Modern Chinese Navy (Naval Institute Press, 2026), from his early career in the aftermath of the Chinese Civil War and finishing with his long push to start China's aircraft carrier program. Xiaobing Li, professor of history and Don Betz Endowed Chair in International Studies at the University of Central Oklahoma, is the author of The Dragon in the Jungle, Attack at Chosin, Building Ho's Army, History of Taiwan, and The Cold War in East Asia. He is the executive editor of the Chinese Historical Review. Li served in the PLA in China. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/chinese-studies

On today's episode of the China Global Podcast, we're going to discuss the South China Sea. The past year has been marked by four intersecting dynamics: First, a sharp escalation of Chinese Coast Guard and maritime militia operations, especially against the Philippines. Second, a resumption of large-scale Chinese island construction after nearly a decade-long pause; Third, increasingly sophisticated Chinese legal and administrative moves to consolidate and institutionalize its claims; And fourth, a deepening of the US-Philippines military partnership and the emergence of a broader network involving US allies and partners from Europe and the Indo-Pacific. To discuss these trends, I'm delighted to have as my guest today, Dr. Collin Koh, who is a senior fellow at the Institute of Defense and Strategic Studies in the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies based in Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. Timestamps: [00:00] Introduction [01:33] Beijing'sObjectives in the South China Sea [06:24] Changes in China's Strategy  [09:13] A Revival of Island Building in Antelope Reef [16:11] Increased Activity in Scarborough Shoal  [20:13] Violating the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct?  [24:21] Pros and Cons to Finalizing the Code of Conduct [28:58] China's Response to US-Philippines Security Cooperation [33:15] Claimant Perceptions of US Policy 

Episode 813 is here! The summer showcases have wrapped up, and we are diving into the aftermath: ? Nintendo Direct destroys the competition to become the most-watched summer showcase! ? Star Fox Developer Revealed – Velan Studios takes the helm for the Switch 2. ? Denshattack Delayed – Pushed back to July 15th, leaving Brandon devastated. ? In Change the System: – Justin is exploring every inch of Mario Kart World, breaking Xenoblade Chronicles X with ChatGPT, and trying to survive the tutorial dialogue in Pokemon Legends: Z-A. – Brandon is racing giant mechas in Forza Horizon 6 and 3D printing in wood PLA. – Eugene is grinding out bones and getting powerful in Mina the Hollower. Episode 813. Let's go.

La Plata Alejandro Dolina, Patricio Barton, Gillespi Introducción • 0:09:57 Presentación en La Plata y agradecimiento al público • 0:12:06 Recuerdo de la primera salida del programa desde Buenos Aires hacia La Plata • 0:12:35 Presentación de Patricio Barton y Gillespi Segmento Inicial • 0:13:21 Qué significa ser romántico hoy • 0:16:06 Regalos románticos recomendados y objeciones • 0:20:37 Desayuno sorpresa a domicilio y sus inconvenientes • 0:27:24 Notas manuscritas como gesto romántico • 0:30:39 Escapadas de fin de semana y paseos románticos • 0:32:23 Regalar cachorros y responsabilidades afectivas • 0:34:44 Cocinar para la pareja como prueba de amor • 0:36:22 Pasacalles, sándwiches en la costanera y otros gestos desaconsejados • 0:40:29 Regalos domésticos, dinero y publicaciones en redes sociales • 0:45:05 Peluches gigantes, mensajes aéreos y límites del romanticismo • 0:52:23 Regalar canciones como gesto amoroso Segmento Dispositivo • 0:54:56 Las plañideras y el llanto profesional en la antigüedad • 0:56:21 Lloronas en hebreos, griegos y romanos • 0:59:28 Rituales funerarios egipcios con plañideras • 1:02:57 Plañideras en Grecia, Roma y la Edad Media • 1:06:06 Función ritual del llanto y reflexión sobre las lágrimas Segmento Humorístico • 1:13:01 Cuidado con la automedicación • 1:14:46 Confusiones entre gotas, dosis excesivas y antibióticos mal usados • 1:20:32 Pastillas por color, medicamentos vencidos y remedios veterinarios • 1:24:15 Interrumpir tratamientos, tragar antisépticos y triturar pastillas • 1:28:14 Intercambio de remedios, curanderos y peligros al tomar cápsulas sin agua • 1:31:15 Mezcla de sedantes con alcohol y cierre sobre el botiquín doméstico Sordo Gancé / Trío Sin Nombre • 1:42:21 Presentación del Sordo Gancé y el Trío Sin Nombre • 1:43:16 "Mañana campestre" ♫ • 1:46:02 "Tu casa ya no está" ♫ • 1:49:04 Ingreso de Gillespi y "Blue Moon" ♫ • 1:51:36 Recuerdo de "Golondrina" • 1:55:15 Homenaje musical a un amigo • 1:56:54 "Todo un palo" ♫ • 1:59:17 "Solo le pido a Dios" ♫ • 2:00:23 Cierre musical y agradecimiento al público (Resumen generado automáticamente con IA, puede contener errores)

Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:09 Hi there, how are you? Bob Miller 00:00:10 Excellent! Pedaling as fast as humanly possible, but doing okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:14 Good, good. Well, I’m looking forward to our conversation today. This should be amazing. Bob Miller 00:00:20 Yeah, it should be a lot of fun. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:22 Yeah, anything that’s off-limits for you in, our conversation? Bob Miller 00:00:28 No. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:29 Okay, anything you want me to make sure we cover for you? Bob Miller 00:00:33 Well, I mean, is it okay if we put a little plug-in for our software? Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:35 Absolutely. Bob Miller 00:00:36 Yeah. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:37 Absolutely. Bob Miller 00:00:36 Yeah. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:37 Absolutely. Bob Miller 00:00:38 Hey, can we… can we do a screen share? Yes, we can. Yeah, because I want to show you some maps, and… Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:43 Okay. Things like that, yeah, so… Perfect. So just let me know when you want to do screen share. Bob Miller 00:00:48 Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:00:49 And yeah, feel free to plug your software wherever you want to. Bob Miller 00:00:53 Okay, well, good. Let me pull up a, a slide for that, and give me one second, I just want to shut the door to my office to get the noise down. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:01 No worries. Bob Miller 00:01:16 And, how should I refer to you? Dr. Debb? Dr. Muth, what do you like? Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:18 Dr. Deb is great, or Deb, either way, I’m pretty informal, so… Bob Miller 00:01:22 Yeah, and… Bob is fine for me. Okay. Yeah. Yeah, there you go. Why people feel like they need this, son. Special name, it’s like, seriously. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:33 Right? I agree. Bob Miller 00:01:35 When I work with my clients, it’s like, Dr. Millison, just, just bop, just, just bop. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:41 Yep, that’s how I am, too. Just call me Deb, it’s good. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:44 They feel a little awkward with that, you know? They’re not used to that, but… Bob Miller 00:01:48 Alright. And you’re a naturopath, medical doctor. Dr. Deb Muth 00:01:52 A nastropathic doctor and a nurse practitioner. Oh, nice. Yeah, so I got the best of both worlds, right? Bob Miller 00:01:58 Yeah, damn. Okay. Alright, so here we go… There we go. Alright, so I got that ready, and then I will do a, I will do a screen share. I think you’re gonna really, appreciate what we’ve come up with. We’ve come up with the concept of, Cellular CPR. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:23 Oh, nice! Bob Miller 00:02:24 And that is, construct the cell membrane, Protect the cell membrane. And restore it if it’s damaged. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:32 Love that. Bob Miller 00:02:34 I love that. Yeah, so that’s what we’re focusing on, and then how, You know, we want to get to the point that, you know, most people think of genetics, they think of, like, 23andMe or Ancestry. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:44 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:02:45 And then you have the professional geneticists who are looking at, you know, odd things that could create a disease. We’re looking at functional genomics. Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:54 Which is so much better. Bob Miller 00:02:56 Yeah. Are you familiar with what we do here, or… Dr. Deb Muth 00:02:58 A little bit, a little bit. So, it’ll be new to me, too, so I’m excited. Bob Miller 00:03:03 And how much time do we have? Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:04 We have an hour, give or take a little bit on either side. Do you have a hard stop anywhere? Bob Miller 00:03:10 No, no, I put a, I moved my clients around, and I don’t have anybody till, 3.30, so we’re good. Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:16 Perfect. Alright. Bob Miller 00:03:18 It’s like we’re getting started early as well, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:19 Yeah, we’re getting started a little bit early, so that’s good. Bob Miller 00:03:22 Yeah, I just got my office cleaned up, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:23 Okay, good. All right, are you all set to get started? Bob Miller 00:03:28 I’m good to go, my friend. Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:29 I’m gonna just record a little intro and a little bit of a, hook for people, and then we’ll get started. I’ll ask you to kind of tell us a little bit about yourself, and then we’ll just take this conversation wherever it’s supposed to go. Bob Miller 00:03:39 Okay, you got it. Dr. Deb Muth 00:03:40 Alright, sounds good. So what if the reason you’re not healing isn’t your diet, your supplements, or your labs, but it’s actually your genes? Dr. Bob Miller is uncovering how genetic variants, when combined with modern toxins, explain why some of us stay sick no matter what we try. Today, we’re talking genetic pathways, detox blocks, and the new science every wellness warrior needs to know. Welcome back to Let’s Talk Wellness Now, the show where we uncover the root causes of chronic illness, exploring cutting-edge regenerative medicine, and empower you to heal from the inside out. I’m Dr. Deb, your medical detective, and today, our guest, Dr. Bob Miller, is a true pioneer in functional genomics. He’s a board-certified traditional naturopath and the founder of Neutrogenetic Research Institute. And he’s the leading groundbreaking research on how genetic variants influence chronic illness, inflammation, and detoxification. His work has been recognized on international stages, uncovering links between genetic expression and conditions like Lyme disease, mast cell activation, or MCAS, and mitochondrial dysfunction. I’m so excited to talk to Dr. Bob today. He is gonna reveal some things that even I don’t know about, so I’m excited to learn alongside of you guys. So… Dr. Bob, let’s get started. Tell us a little bit about yourself, and kind of how you got on this journey. Bob Miller 00:05:04 Well, that’s, that’s interesting. I was sort of like a mid-career coming to the natural health field, because in my early 30s, I found myself with a severe case of ulcerative colitis. Bob Miller 00:05:15 And I was in the hospital for 21 days. probably within hours of death, pleading to death. And they told me I’ve got one option, and that is cut out the colon and wear a bag. Didn’t sound like a lot of fun. Dr. Deb Muth 00:05:27 Not an option I would want. Bob Miller 00:05:29 So, you know, the medical folks wasn’t real happy with me, but I said, yeah, I’d like to explore some alternative things.Never thinking that I’d get into this field, and then I just, you know, worked with some herbalists and things that I found absolutely fascinating. So, that’s how I got into this around 30 years ago. And, haven’t looked back since, and just having a… having a blast as we now move into how our genetics impacts things. So, that’s what we’re gonna… that’s what we’re gonna talk about today. Dr. Deb Muth 00:05:58 I’m excited to talk about this genetic thing. When you started over 30 years ago, what kind of patience and problems first inspired you to dig deeper into that root cause healing and kind of get into the genetic piece of it? Bob Miller 00:06:10 Sure. Well, you know, as a… now, I’m in a part of the country called Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, where there’s a lot of Amish and Mennonite, and they gravitate towards these things.So, this is their first thing to do, and that doesn’t work, then they’ll go other routes. So, you know, back then, we just saw typical, you know, a little tired, constipation. You know, a little bit of fatigue, arthritis, those kind of things. But things have changed dramatically over the years, as people are now getting more chronically sick. You know, it’s worse than it’s ever been. And what we’re finding is the, the culprits Primarily is mold exposure and Lyme disease. When people get those two together, they’re just… it’s an inflammatory cascade that nobody can seem to unravel. So that’s where we spend a lot of our time. And we’re also spending a lot of time looking at mental health, like ADD, ADHD. And, we give… this year I’ll be speaking at three autism conferences. And we can dig into that a little bit as to why we think we’re seeing such a dramatic increase. And aside from autism, that used to be 1 out of 1,000, now it’s 1 out of 33, or 23. You know, we’re also seeing dramatic increases in ADD, ADHD. People are stressed out. And today, I think we’ll have the time to actually go through and show how environmental factors combine with genetics to cause that to happen. So we’ll… we should have a fun visit here today. And today, I think we’ll have the time to actually go through and show how environmental factors combine with genetics to cause that to happen. So we’ll… we should have a fun visit here today. Dr. Deb Muth 00:07:37 This should be a fun visit. We can cover lots of topics. I am so excited. So, you founded Nutri Genetic Research Institute in 2015. What did you hope to accomplish, and what kind of surprised you in your findings so far about that? Bob Miller 00:07:51 Well, you know, let’s back up at what, you know, genetics is used for. Everybody’s familiar with 23andMe and Ancestry that, you know, tells you where your ancestors came from. Then you have your professional geneticists. I mean, these are people with a degree in genetics. And they’ll look for, you know, very odd sort of things that are prone to relate to a disease. So there are disease-related genetics. Well, in functional, we don’t look at either of those. We look at For example, how you’re breaking down your fats and utilizing them. How you’re recycling your glutathione. How you might be handling your iron. And none of those are disease-causing on their own.And none of those are disease-causing on their own. But when they pile up on you, and then combine that with environmental factors, that’s when things start to go south on us. So, that’s what we’re doing, we’re looking at patterns. And our first foray into this was, we did studies on Lyme disease. And our first foray into this was, we did studies on Lyme disease. So, we looked at, like, I think 50 people with Lyme disease. We looked at their genome. So, we looked at, like, I think 50 people with Lyme disease. We looked at their genome. And we found patterns that were more evident in those with Lyme. Now, this doesn’t… these genetics don’t mean you get Lyme, it just means if you get Lyme, you react worse to it. And we found patterns that were more evident in those with Lyme. Now, this doesn’t… these genetics don’t mean you get Lyme, it just means if you get Lyme, you react worse to it. So, as you know, some people get Lyme, they go on a round of antibiotics, and they’re done. So, as you know, some people get Lyme, they go on a round of antibiotics, and they’re done. Others have a little more struggle, and then others are struggling terribly for years. So there’s an old adage of genetics loads the gun, environment pulls the trigger. Dr. Deb Muth 00:09:14 Yeah, that is so true, and I think when we’re talking about Lyme and mold and things like that, we forget sometimes that our genetics can predispose us to be more sensitive to those things, and if we have genetic pathways where we don’t clear things properly, it’s harder for us to get them out of the body. And then you add on that whole rain barrel effect that we’ve always used as a functional medicine term, right? If the barrel’s half full, you’re okay. If it’s full, and now it’s spilling over, it’s a bigger problem. Have you guys found, too, that some of these environmental things actually are changing the genetics of people, or how they’re processing their own genetics? Bob Miller 00:09:53 Well, let’s go back to, Genetics 101. But we’ll go back a little bit further. So, what an interesting mechanism, what a miracle the body is. Bob Miller 00:10:03 Fats, carbohydrates, proteins, drink water, breathe air, expose the sunlight, and somehow everything gets made. I mean, when you just step back and think about that, it’s like, It’s pretty darn amazing. Dr. Deb Muth 00:10:15 I always tell women, you know, the fact that we get pregnant and we have healthy pregnancies and births is a miracle, because if we had to try to control that, that wouldn’t work so well. Bob Miller 00:10:25 Right. Well, that’s another miracle. These microscopic sperm and egg, human being, 9 months later, it’s like. But even inside of us. We are making our hair, our skin, our nails, our blood vessels, our ATP, our energy, it’s all being created. Well, that gets created by enzymes. So, enzymes take one substance, combine it with something else, and make something new. Then another enzyme comes along and does the same thing. Your DNA is the instructions on how to make the enzymes. So, when we are conceived. If it’s a, if it’s a female, of course, it’s the XX, the two chromosomes. You know, we’ve… everybody’s seen those… the genetics that… Listed pair. So, if it’s a female, the father donated the X enzyme. And the mother has no choice but to give the eggs, so that’s female. If the father donates the Y, you have a male that’s in chromosome number 1. Then 2 through 23 is the rest of the instructions on how to make enzymes. So, what can happen? We can get what are called SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms. And SNPs just mean that the instructions to make the enzyme’s not quite as good. So, if one parent gives a SNP on the making of an enzyme, The enzyme’s fine. It works. But, general rule of thumb, It may only work at 70-80% of efficiency. Now, a good analogy is think of an 8-cylinder and a 6-cylinder car. If parents give you good information, that’s like having an 8-cylinder car. If one parent gives you that snip, it’s like having a 6-cylinder car. Now, is a 6-cylinder car a fine car? Sure. It’ll get you from point A to point B, but it’s just going to have the power of an 8-cylinder. Then if both parents give you a SNP on the same enzyme, it may be 30-40%, and that’s like having a 4-cylinder car. Sits in the driveway, looks the same, puts gas in it, everything. But if you’ve got a 4-cylinder car. Probably not a good idea to go cross-country pulling a trailer behind you up and down mountains. Dr. Deb Muth 00:12:29 This is true. Bob Miller 00:12:32 So… We can get an 8-cylinder, 6-cylinder, or 4-cylinder enzyme. Now, if it’s not under a lot of stress, if that 4-cylinder car is just taking you to the bank and the grocery store. It’s just as good as an 8-cylinder car. But if you gotta pull that trailer, and there’s a lot of stress on it, being mountains, it’s gonna struggle. Now, there’s one other little caveat to this, and that is some genetic mutations are gain-of-function. They actually work faster. Now, we have enzymes that do all kinds of things. We have enzymes that make and recycle our antioxidants, but we also have enzymes that make inflammation. No, that’s a good thing, because if we get a virus or bacteria, if you didn’t make inflammation to kill it, well, we’d all die of infection. So, you know, we tend to think of free radicals as bad, antioxidants as good. They both play an important role. But interestingly, some of the major enzymes that make inflammation, they can be overactive. They can be turbocharged. And when they’re stimulated by environmental toxins, they overreact. Bob Miller 00:13:40 And therein lies the problem. When they overreact, we have a problem. Bob Miller 00:13:46 So, if we have genes that overreact when stimulated. And then the enzymes that take care of inflammation are underactive. Then you’re gonna be more inflamed. You know, the majority of people that, you know, come for functional medicine Or naturopathic help, or… Inflammation that they can’t seem to get under control. Dr. Deb Muth 00:14:06 Right. Bob Miller 00:14:07 And we will be, you know, during this hour, we’re going to look at some of the pathways that make that happen. So, what we can do then, we can’t change our genetics. When you’re conceived, that’s the hand you’re dealt. When your life would be over, if someone would take some tissue and measure, it’d be exactly the same as conception. Does it change. Bob Miller 00:14:28 The enzyme’s ability to do its job may be compromised. Because remember I said there’s a, the enzyme takes a cofactor. So an enzyme takes substance A, cofactor, make substance B. Well, if that cofactor’s not there, the enzyme’s not going to work either. So, you could have an 8-cylinder car, and if there’s no gas in it, it’s not going anywhere. So… It’s the strength of the enzyme, it’s the cofactor to do the A to B conversion. And that’s what we’re going to get into. So, many people say, well, where did these SNPs come from? Nobody knows for sure. Sometimes they’re what’s just called de novo, when the sperm and egg go together, the instructions get mixed up a little bit. We do believe a lot of it came from a long time ago, when we were almost wiped out by sexually transmitted diseases. And those STDs were altering the genes when the conception, in other words, when the sperm went into the egg, the STDs were interfering. And causing the problem, so… I often joke, if you want to blame somebody. Blame your great-great-great-great-great-great-great-grandparents for, being a bit promiscuous, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:15:31 Yeah, for being… having a little too much fun, right? Bob Miller 00:15:35 So, we don’t know for sure, but, you know, there are some that, But most of the SNPs that we get inherit from our parents. So, if you look at a child. And you look at the SNPs. 99.9% of the time, it came from one of the parents. Dr. Deb Muth 00:15:50 In identical twins, do they have the exact same identical makeup? Bob Miller 00:15:54 Yep, Dr. Deb Muth 00:15:56 But not in fraternal twins, correct? Bob Miller 00:15:59 No, no, those could be different, Jeff. Dr. Deb Muth 00:16:00 It could be different because they have different sacs, they’re not sharing that same genetic makeup. Bob Miller 00:16:04 Yeah, so keep in mind, both your mother and your father have, you know, the two And so you get one from one parent, one from another. Dr. Deb Muth 00:16:13 So… Bob Miller 00:16:14 Interesting situation. I had, 3, 3 boys. And, we were looking at an enzyme related to breaking down oxalates. Now, the mother and father each had one SNP, and that’s called heterozygous. Three boys, and they all come together, they’re Amish boys, they’re a lot of fun. And I looked at their genomes, and the one boy didn’t have any SNPs at all. And one had won. And the other one had two. Dr. Deb Muth 00:16:41 Interesting. Bob Miller 00:16:42 So, we don’t quite know how these things get handed off, but with the parents each having one, you could have a child with none, one, or two. So, the one, his ability to break down oxalates, which is fine. The other one was slightly impaired, and the other one was dramatically impaired. So, you can have 3 children, and it all depends what the parents have. Now, if a parent has a homozygous, or 2 copies. And the other parent has nothing. Every child will have one. Okay. If both parents are homozygous, that they both have two, Every child will have two. Dr. Deb Muth 00:17:19 too. Bob Miller 00:17:20 Yes, so that’s the way it works, but, you know, but it’s somewhat rare that both parents are homozygous on an enzyme, but it can happen. Dr. Deb Muth 00:17:27 Do we think that infections today, like Lyme disease or mold exposure, things like that, if the parent, the woman, primarily, I’m thinking, is pregnant, and she actively has these infections. Can those infections affect the genetics, kind of like a past sexual transmission did where we thought back in the day? Bob Miller 00:17:47 Yeah, I… I mean, I’m not that much of a geneticist to answer that for sure, but my thought would be no, that at conception, the pattern’s made. Dr. Deb Muth 00:17:55 Okay. And then that’s… that’s the hand you’re dealt. Bob Miller 00:17:58 Yeah. So, I tell people we have good news and bad news. The good news is we can compensate for the weakness. The bad news is we can compensate for the weakness. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:09 That is so very true. Bob Miller 00:18:11 Yeah, we can’t, because I often get asked, so we’ll do some things now, and we’ll check my genes again, and they’ll be better. It’s like, nope. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:18 Oh, – – Bob Miller 00:18:19 You gotta play the hands you’re dealt, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:21 That’s right. Bob Miller 00:18:22 You can test your genetics… if you’re looking at the same enzyme, you can test it every year. It’s not gonna change. It’s like the blueprint. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:30 It’s good and bad, right? It’s the one test you only have to do once in your lifetime. Bob Miller 00:18:34 No, unless, you know, like, our. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:36 All the time. Bob Miller 00:18:37 Yeah, now our test looks at, called the Functional Genomic Analysis Test of your genomic Resource. We look at 220,000 steps. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:46 Wow, that’s a lot. Bob Miller 00:18:47 That’s not all of them. Dr. Deb Muth 00:18:49 Right. Bob Miller 00:18:50 So, maybe in the next year, we’re gonna come out with our third version of the chip. And then, if someone wants to get those new things that weren’t on it, they’d have to repeat. But whatever we measured is gonna stay the same. Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:03 That’s a lot of SNPs to look at. Bob Miller 00:19:05 Keeps us busy. Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:06 But there’s still, but there’s still SNPs that we. Bob Miller 00:19:09 That we’d like to have that we don’t have, so… Bob Miller 00:19:11 We started out with version 1 on our genetic test, then we worked with version 2, and we’re already compiling a list of what version 3 would look like. So if somebody has our version 2, And we’re saying, you know what, it’d be nice if we could see these, well, then you’d repeat, but it won’t change what you already know, so… Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:29 Got it, got it. So, when you started out, and you started looking at the research of Lyme disease and chronic infections, which detox pathways are most important for people who struggle with those conditions? Bob Miller 00:19:43 Okay. You know what might make sense as we do a screen share, and I’ll actually show you the pathway. Does that make sense? Bob Miller 00:19:48 Alright, so… let’s see if I… let me just press the share… Dr. Deb Muth 00:19:52 Yep, you should just be able to press share. Bob Miller 00:19:54 And… number 2. Okay. Are we seeing the screen there? Bob Miller 00:20:01 Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:20:02 So, this is a map that we made. Bob Miller 00:20:05 And by the way, this is not… All-inclusive of all the things we look at, but we believe this is a core issue. So, where we’re going to start here, there’s something called the microglia. And the microglia are glial cells. They’re in the brain and the central nervous system. And they’re very interesting little creatures, because most of the time, and this is just a drawing of what they sort of look like. Most of the time, they’re in what’s called the M2 anti-inflammatory mood. What that means, these little guys pick up dirt, debris, Recycle them. Turns on an enzyme called interleukin-10 that’s anti-inflammatory. And just kind of does general housekeeping. And just kind of does general housekeeping. However, when a trigger comes along. However, when a trigger comes along. They… it’s the same glial cell, but it moves over to a very pro-inflammatory enzyme. A pro-inflammatory glial cell. And it triggers these 3 enzymes, Actually, these four. That are pro-inflammatory. Tumor necrosis vector alpha, Interleukin-6. NF Kappa B, Inos. Now, these create inflammation. So you might think, well, why is that good? Well, if you have some foreign invader, virus, bacteria coming in, parasite. If you didn’t have these guys coming to the rescue, you would just die of infection. So, these guys are your friend unless they’re your worst enemy. Because TNFA, and we’ll show you when we actually do a demo account, TNFA can be overactive. So, in other words, it over-responds. Interleukin-6 can be overactive. And if Kappa-B can be overactive. The INOS, and I’ll explain each of these as we go through a demo, can be overactive. Now, what that means is, you’re very good at killing virus and bacteria. But this is where autoimmune disease comes in, and just inflammatory conditions. Now, this is just speculation, but we think what happened is, as you know. Thousands of years ago, we didn’t have refrigeration, we didn’t have sewer, we didn’t have pure water, and we didn’t have antibiotics. So, if you made it to 40, you were an old-timer, because everybody was dying of infection. So, what we believe happened is, by what’s called natural selection, Having these overactive. A thousand years ago was to your advantage. Dr. Deb Muth 00:22:31 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:22:32 But now… We have pure water, we have refrigeration, we have sewers, we have antibiotics. But now we have environmental factors that are stimulating them. Now it’s to our disadvantage. And we’ll talk about that a little bit as it relates to the hemochromatosis genes and maybe the G6PD. Dr. Deb Muth 00:22:48 Yep. Bob Miller 00:22:49 Now, why are we becoming so inflamed? Let’s look at the triggers. Now, one of my, favorite expressions is. I was born all the way back in 1954. Dr. Deb Muth 00:23:01 And it was a different world back then. Bob Miller 00:23:05 These are some of the triggers. And we’ll get into these, but right now, high fructose corn syrup, And the high-fat diet. High fructose corn syrup only came about in 1968. So now we’re being exposed to high fructose corn syrup. Then… we didn’t have these, these viruses like COVID. Dr. Deb Muth 00:23:26 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:23:27 Now, there’s now pretty strong evidence that COVID Was actually, you know, made as a gain of function. It’s debated, and I’m not taking an opinion on it, but there’s some people who believe Lyme disease was also a part of experimentation. Dr. Deb Muth 00:23:40 Go. Bob Miller 00:23:41 Then we have molds, and it appears as though mold is getting stronger. you know, 20 years ago, when I was seeing folks, mold wasn’t on the radar. I would say 7 out of the 10 folks we speak to today have mold problems. Yeah, 20 years ago, we talked more about mold allergy being an issue versus mold toxicity being an issue. Right. So… I know some folks are, you know, speculating what’s happening, but one of the theories out there is that EMF is strengthening mold. I don’t know if you ever heard that theory, and I don’t… Dr. Deb Muth 00:24:13 I have. Bob Miller 00:24:14 I’m not claiming it’s true, but it’s an interesting theory. Then even, you know, your black mold from water-damaged buildings. Then our air pollution is getting worse. We’re getting more toxic metals. Dr. Deb Muth 00:24:26 You know, if we have a… Bob Miller 00:24:27 You know, we’re gonna look back someday and say, what were we thinking, smearing aluminum into our armpits? The, what were we doing putting mercury in our teeth? Then, you know, glyphosate. When I was a kid, there was no glyphosate. So, all of these herbicides and pesticides. Polychlorinated biphenols, And then EMF. So, we love our cell phones, you know, and I think unless you, or in the middle of the desert, or down in a cave, you’re being exposed to EMF somewhere. So, you know, we have our cell phones with us, we have, We have Wi-Fi, the towers are everywhere. And we don’t know long-term, but we may find that this can… this creates some inflammation. And I don’t know if you get any folks, but do you have any folks that have… are they EMF sensitive? Dr. Deb Muth 00:25:16 Oh yeah, we have a whole bunch of them. Bob Miller 00:25:18 Yeah, and then if you have any TBIs, So, plenty of things here. that will stimulate into the microglia, M1. Now, you could say, well. We’re all pretty much exposed to the same thing. Why do some people get hit harder than others? So here’s where we’re gonna start. There’s an enzyme called Nrf2 and RF2. And Nrf2 is the enzyme that senses when there’s inflammation. And turns on hundreds of anti-inflammatory enzymes. We’ll show when we do the demo, you can have genetic weakness on NERF2. And NERF2 inhibits and slows down microglia M1. supports M2. Now, if it’s not complicated enough, there’s an enzyme called KEEP1. And KEEP1 inhibits NRF2. And you can actually have gain of function on keep 1, that makes Keap 1 stronger. So… A lot of the people who land on my doorstep So… A lot of the people who land on my doorstep Both parents gave a mutation on KEEP1, making it overactive. Both parents gave a mutation on KEEP1, making it overactive. Dr. Deb Muth 00:26:31 Hmm. Dr. Deb Muth 00:26:31 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:26:32 Suppressing Nrf2, nerve 2 might be weak. So, nobody’s putting the brakes on, M1. And by the same token, Nerve 2 supports M2. Then there’s a process called mTOR and autophagy. mTOR stands for mammalian tard of rapamycin, the growth of new cells. And then autophagy, taking our dead cells and recycling them. We need a balance between the two of them. If we didn’t have mTOR, the sperm and the egg would never become the baby, the baby would never become the adult, we wouldn’t make new cells. But our cells are constantly, you know, the old cells dying off. Autophagy is where we take that debris from the cell and recycle it, just like a farmer Plows the crop under at the end of the year. The dead plant then becomes the fuel for the spring, your dead cell becomes the fuel for the spring, and that’s autophagy. So we’re gonna look back someday and say, what were we thinking? We give our animals growth hormones so they get fatter faster. Oh my. So, we consume those animals, and inventory runs faster. Now, for anybody who’s, You know, maybe above 40, 45 years old. Think back when you were 12, and what did girls look like? They were primarily flat-chested little girls. Now they look like 16-year-olds. Because environmentally, we’re jacking up mTOR. So, mTOR stimulates microglia M1, suppresses microglia M2. Probably 80% of the folks we visit with. This is the part of the problem. NRF2 is weak. mTOR is strong. Environmental factors come along. And this guy gets carried away. He doesn’t do that burst and move back. Stays here. We’re calling that How environmental factors create a locked-in, pro-inflammatory. and neurotoxic phenotype. In other words, once it starts, it just keeps… Feeding upon itself. Alright, so what happens now when microglia is overactive. it triggers these 3 enzymes, TNFA, N of kappa B, And interleukin-6. Each one of these can have genetics that make them run stronger. Then it stimulates an enzyme called NLRP3, Which makes what are called inflammasomes. Now, guess what inflammasomes can be? Your best friend or your worst enemy? Because they will, if you’ve got, again, a virus or bacteria, or possibly even some bad cells in the body. They will zap them. Well, that’s good. Unless it’s overactive. Unless it’s overactive. And then what it does, through interleukin-1 beta, makes excess glutamate. And then what it does, through interleukin-1 beta, makes excess glutamate. Anxiety, gut inflammation, OCD, ADD, autism. And, you know, glutamate, we’ll talk about that a little bit, but glutamate makes you intelligent, highly motivated go-getter. but can also be excitatory. And then, look what it does. Let’s see, do I have the drawing tool here? Yes, I do. Okay. So, it comes down through here, Makes the glutamate. Comes back up through here. through the ADORA 2A enzyme, Then we’ve got a feedback loop that feeds upon itself. Then, through interleukin-18, we make histamine. and mast cells. And then through histamine receptor site number 1, we come back and spin it. And now you’ve just got this spinning feedback loop. So, the glutamate will make you anxious, the histamine will give you allergies and make you anxious. And you’re allergic to everything, and you’re feeling horrible. Now, it doesn’t end there, Dr. Dad. It then goes on to make something called gast dermins that creates pyroptosis, where it actually starts punching a hole in the cell membrane. And you’re only going to be as healthy as your cells are. Just a little background. You know, we’re made up of trillions of cells, and each one of them has what’s called a lipid bilayer, made from lipids, which comes from fats. And you’re only going to be as healthy as those membranes are. So that’s why we coined an interesting phrase. Cellular CPR. Construct the cell. Protect the cell. And restore the cell membrane. And we believe that’s going to be revolutionary in the functional medicine world. So… It’s not hard to figure out that if you start punching holes in the cell membrane, that’s not a good thing, okay? Bob Miller 00:31:22 Now… There’s an interesting molecule called NAD. Thicotide adenoside dinucleotide. And anybody who’s in the, you know, listening to the health podcasts and things, they’re… They’re, they’re learning about NAD. And I’m going to show you a chart later, all the good things that NAD does, but For the most part, it helps what’s called sirtuins. And sirtuins are quite interesting. If anybody’s looking at longevity. The sirtuins is where they’re looking at.Because sirtuins turn on good things. Turn off bad things. And I’ll show some charts on that later. So for right here, this sirtuin uses NAD, to slow down NF-kappa-B. CERT 2 uses NAD to slow down an ORP3. So, if we’ve got genetic weakness on these, or we don’t have enough NAD, We don’t hold this pathway back. Make sense? Dr. Deb Muth 00:32:24 Yeah, makes perfect sense. Bob Miller 00:32:25 Now, I’ll show this a little bit later. So, people are like, oh, well, I’m gonna start taking some NAD. Dr. Deb Muth 00:32:31 Right. Bob Miller 00:32:32 And there’s functional doctors who give NAD intravenous. It was just this morning, I was talking to a woman who said, Oh my gosh. I went and got intravenous NAD, and it took me a month to recover from that. Dr. Deb Muth 00:32:45 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:32:46 what happens is, and I’ll show this in a little more detail, there’s an enzyme called CD38, that’s stimulated by NF-kappa-B. And it takes NAD, To make intracellular calcium. that stimulates NLRP3 and actually makes things worse. So, if we have this guy upregulated, and I’ll show a chart what does that. taking NAD will make you worse. Again, when I go into the software, I’ll show you that whole pathway, so… I would encourage people, you know, just don’t go out and start taking massive amounts of NAD, you know, stick your toe in the water, see how you do. Because everything you’ve heard about, how good it is, is true, unless this guy says, oh, thank you very much, let me make more inflammation. Now, this might be part of our innate immune system, that if we have some pathogen that’s gonna kill us. By golly, we want that to happen. But if this is happening by environmental factors, Then it’s detrimental. So the immune system that protected us a thousand years ago now might be turning on us because of the environmental factors that we showed earlier. All right. Then there’s an enzyme called PARP that’s NAD-dependent, and that actually repairs strain breaks in your DNA. Now, the next thing that happens… is there’s an enzyme called NADPH oxidase that gets stimulated. and something called INOS. Now, I’m sure most people know about nitric oxide. It’s a gas that dilates your blood vessels. That’s why sometimes they’ll even give people drugs, nitroglycerin, to boost their nitric oxide. That’s why people are doing beetroots and other things to boost their nitric oxide. But there’s an OS3 enzyme that makes the nitric oxide that’s good for blood flow. But there’s an INOS That makes nitric oxide to kill pathogens. probably might be the third or fourth time I’ve said this. That’s a good thing, unless it isn’t. So, if it’s killing some pathogen, great. It was just misfiring. it combines… With superoxide that’s made by this enzyme, and makes something called peroxynitrite, which is one nasty free radical that chews you up and spits you out. So, the NOx enzyme, NADPH oxidase, uses NADPH, To make this free radical called superoxide. If we have time, we’ll get into it. NADPH is what your body needs to recycle your antioxidants.So, I coined the phrase, the NADPH steel. Where the NOX enzyme takes this very important NADPH, And rather than being useful, makes superoxide. Now, again, is that fine if you’ve got some bacteria to kill? Of course. But if it’s just chronically running, it’s just making all this chronic inflammation. Then it makes something called hydrogen peroxide. And we need to clear hydrogen peroxide by 3 enzymes, catalase, thyroid reduction. And glutathione peroxidase. If we have genetic issues on here, or we don’t have the cofactors. There’s something called the Fenton reaction, discovered in 1895 by Dr. Fenton. Where hydrogen peroxide combines with iron to make what are called hydroxyl radicals. And guess what they do? They create lipid peroxides, That damages your cell membranes. Now, again, the body’s pretty darn amazing. We have glutathione, And here’s where your body’s taking glutathione and recycling it. But look who’s needed to recycle it. NADPH. So, if this guy up here is chewing it up, We don’t recycle our glutathione. And then an enzyme called glufon peroxidase 4, Takes this damaged lipid and repairs it. So, here we’ve got this protecting, we want to protect it by not having this happen. But then we also need this guy to do the restoration. So, there’s a lot that can go wrong in here, Dr. Deb. Dr. Deb Muth 00:37:07 There’s a lot that could go wrong. And I can imagine some of my listeners are thinking that lipid peroxidase, is that the same thing as what they’re thinking of when we talk about lipids and cholesterol? Is that the same process that’s happening there? Bob Miller 00:37:22 Well, no, no, the lipids can be used to make cholesterol, but here we’re talking about where they’re going to build the cell membrane. And they’re being… and they’re being, destroyed. If anybody would like to see a visual representation of this, just go on YouTube. And type in, ferrooptosis Animation. cool little video, it’s about 3 minutes long, and it shows the lipids coming over, being oxidized, and now GPX4 fixes them, so… YouTube, Pharaoptosis Animation, cute little video. It’s just that really… Shows vividly what we’re… what we’re talking about here. Now, this is… Dr. Deb Muth 00:37:59 And so this is very common, too. Like, a lot of people do hydrogen peroxide IVs. Dr. Deb Muth 00:38:04 And so, if somebody doesn’t know their genetics, they could have a problem with doing those, just like they could doing the NADHIVs, correct? Bob Miller 00:38:13 Sure, yeah, yeah, yeah. So, I’ve talked to so many, you know, of course, the hydrogen peroxide kills pathogens. I mean, that’s what it does. So… but I’ve spoken to so many people that said. I had one client that said they’ve never been the same after having one hydrogen peroxide infusion. Dr. Deb Muth 00:38:30 Interesting. Bob Miller 00:38:31 Yeah. So… it can be… I see why people use it, because it. Bob Miller 00:38:36 pathogens, But on the other hand. And now’s a good time to speak about… I don’t have it on here, but there’s a, there’s an enzyme called the HFE gene. And that is what causes you to absorb iron. And there’s mutations in it that cause something called hemochromatosis. Were you overabsorb iron? Now, true hemochromatosis is when both parents give you a mutation. But there’s now growing evidence even a heterozygous can cause a little bit more iron absorption, not to the human chromatosis point, but overabsorption. So, if you overabsorb iron, And you have too much hydrogen peroxide that’s not cleared, All kinds of inflammation. Now, what’s happened is sometimes this inflammation Will damage the red blood cells. And some well-meaning doctor says, oh, you need some iron. And they take iron and it makes it worse. So, can’t tell you how many people I’ve said, you’ve got the overabsorption of iron, and they say, well, that can’t be right, because I’m low in iron. Well, that could be because it’s being chewed up here. Dr. Deb Muth 00:39:40 Sure. GPX1 and TXN turn it into, to water. The, catalase turns it into water and oxygen. Dr. Deb Muth 00:39:58 Now, I see a lot of my clients who have mutations or SNPs on that GPX gene, on that glutathione gene. And they really struggle to clear a lot of their toxins. Bob Miller 00:40:12 Sure. Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:14 Yeah, absolutely. Well, GPX4. Bob Miller 00:40:18 is what, repairs, but you can see GPX1 Is what uses glutathione. To turn hydrogen peroxide. So, but it all depends upon having enough glutathione. Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:30 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:40:31 Well, guess who controls making a glutathione? Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:34 Nerf 2. Bob Miller 00:40:37 So, if you have a keep one weakness, or strength to two… I’m sorry, keep one is too strong. Nrf2 is too weak. You don’t make glutathione. So, when a lot of people do that, it’s like, well, I’m gonna take glutathione. Dr. Deb Muth 00:40:51 Right. Bob Miller 00:40:52 And some do great, and some do poorly. You know, because… and I’ll show this on one of the other charts. You can see here that the, The glutathione has to be recycled. And if we don’t recycle it, it actually turns into superoxide free radical. So… NADPH are the cofactors, For taking the oxidi… here’s oxidized glutathione, here’s reduced. So, this is a good glutathione. After it does its job, you can see it becomes oxidized.We need to recycle it. Well, if we have weakness on the enzyme that does that, or a weakness in Nrf2, or not enough NADPH. The oxidized glutathione never gets recycled. So, I’ve talked to a lot of people who said, oh, glutathione made me so sick, and say, well. Dr. Deb Muth 00:41:43 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:41:44 You need it, but you need to recycle it. Dr. Deb Muth 00:41:46 Can you speak for just a brief moment, too, about MTHFR? That is a very popular gene, it’s all over social media as the major gene, but can you speak to a little bit about that, and how that fits into this whole process of things? Because it is just such a small piece. Dr. Deb Muth 00:42:04 understanding genetics. Bob Miller 00:42:06 Yeah, to be honest, it drives me nuts. Dr. Deb Muth 00:42:08 Me too. Bob Miller 00:42:11 Alright, so… You know, there are people on social media I won’t say what I think, I’ll be kind. But… But the, And, you know, they might mean well. But they talk about, if you have MTHFR and COMT and PEMT, that’s… oh my goodness, that’s horrible, and we’ll fix that for you, and you’ll be fine. Bob Miller 00:42:36 it just irritates me to no end. And it really could get anybody who’s doing this legitimately in trouble. I mean, I’m afraid someday, you know, there might be some cracking down on this kind of nonsense. Now, to answer your question about MTHFR. Dr. Deb Muth 00:42:51 I mean, it really is, but I’ll tell you what, why don’t we hold that thought until I go to another map and I can actually… Okay. Bob Miller 00:42:56 But the real… the cliff notes is the MTHFR puts a methyl group on your folate, which is needed, but it has gotten way, way, way too much attention. And people learn they have MTHFR, and they start taking a multivitamin with methylfolate, then they take a B vitamin with methylfolate. Dr. Deb Muth 00:43:13 And they’re pushing it too hard. Bob Miller 00:43:15 Yeah. So I can’t tell you how many people I’ve helped by saying, stop it. Dr. Deb Muth 00:43:20 Yeah, take less of it. Bob Miller 00:43:21 Take less of it, yeah. So, yeah. Yeah, there’s a… If somebody, say, ranked the enzymes at their level of importance, MTHFR might be 40 or 50 on a scale of 100, you know. Keep one Nerf two. big deals. Dr. Deb Muth 00:43:40 deals. Bob Miller 00:43:41 NQO1 that I didn’t even talk about yet, NQO1, takes your, NA… your NAD goes into NADH, To make electrons for the electron transport chain. you need NQ01 to bring that back. If that’s not working, and I’ll show you on the NAD map how disastrous that can be. Now, the next piece is here, and I think You know, if you talk to any school teachers and say, if you’ve taught for more than 10 years, how are the kids today? Every one of them says, more ADD, ADHD, more autism. Just look at human beings, we’ve never been so agitated. You know, everybody, and it might be a social media thing, but people take a position on something, and if anybody doesn’t share that position, they view them as the enemy. Dr. Deb Muth 00:44:29 And it’s kind of scary what’s happening to us. Bob Miller 00:44:33 So, we can’t agree to disagree anymore. We see anybody who has a differing opinion as the enemy. And, you know, there was… there’s people that didn’t have Christmas dinners together, because they had political differences, like… Dr. Deb Muth 00:44:44 Excuse me. Bob Miller 00:44:45 can’t you put your political differences aside to have Christmas together, you know? Dr. Deb Muth 00:44:49 Right? Bob Miller 00:44:50 become that, you know, no matter what your position is, and I’m not saying anyone’s right or wrong, I’m just saying. You know, in the old days, they used to say that the Republicans and Democrats in Congress would argue policy and then go have dinner together. And now everybody’s all up in arms, angry. Dr. Deb Muth 00:45:05 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:45:06 So… There’s likely multiple reasons for that. But let me show you one of them. That, you know, to what degree this is… very important, we don’t know, but I think We’re beginning to believe this is very important. So, there’s something… there’s a neurotransmitter called GABA. And God buys the don’t worry, relax, be happy. Chill. Okay. Dr. Deb Muth 00:45:31 Nobody has enough of that anymore. Bob Miller 00:45:33 Well, yeah, you’ll be surprised what I’m gonna show you. So, let me see if I can find a, Let me see if I can find the right slide here. Let me look for it here. So, there’s something called a GABA receptor site. And here you can see… This is a neuron, and this is where you, The neuron normally is excitatory. However, there’s normally low chloride in the neuron. Dr. Deb Muth 00:46:09 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:46:10 So, GABA itself is neither relaxing. For excitatory, all GABA does, it opens up what’s called a chloride channel. And then chloride, which has a negative charge, will flow into the neuron. Follow me there? Dr. Deb Muth 00:46:26 Yep. Bob Miller 00:46:27 And as it does, it changes this from a positive charge to a negative charge, And it’s relaxing. and inhibitory. Dr. Deb Muth 00:46:34 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:46:36 Now, on the other hand, there’s enzymes called NKCC1, That will push chloride in. and KCC2 that will bring chlor… oops and bring chloride out. And then there’s a sodium channel. And, sodium has a positive charge. And glutamate will push that in. So, as long as this is happening. And GABA says, receptor sites, open, chloride goes in, Chill. However, If NKCC1 Pushes extra chloride in. KCC2 doesn’t pull it out. and GABA hits the receptor site, the GABA comes flowing out, Sodium comes in, And now it’s excitatory. So Gabba didn’t change. GABA just opened the receptor site, that’s all it does. Dr. Deb Muth 00:47:33 Yeah. Bob Miller 00:47:34 But it’s the chloride balance that’s going to determine whether this is relaxing or not. Now, these are the things that go along with when they lose that KCC2 or gain NKCC1. Pain and sensitivity, burning electrical, neuropathic pain. Normal touch hurts. Sound and light sensitivity. Tinnitus can flare. Headaches and migraines. Seizure tendency. Body jolts. Spasticity, cramps, stiffness, startle reflex. Trouble falling asleep, non-restorative sleep. Anxiety, stress, reactivity, that’s what we have now. Hyperarousal, panic-like surges, irritability, racing thoughts. Brain fog, slowed processing, working memory slip-ups. Mental fatigue. Episodes of racing hearts, sweaty palms, guts on edge. Those are all the things that happen when this GABA switch occurs. Now, here’s what happens, and this is what I’m going to be presenting at an autism conference. When you have a newborn, they need that NKCC dominant to develop. By early childhood, it should… or, sorry, early adulthood. we should move over to the KCC dominant, that’s the taking the chloride out. Nice-looking 25-year-old boys, functioning very well. However, when we get microglia M1 upregulated. Because of environmental toxins, processed foods, Tylenol, aluminum. they stay in NKCC1 dominant, and there’s ADD, ADHD, Autism, the whole spectrum. because… They’ve not moved over to the… They’ve not moved over to the KCC2. And again, this is caused by… Environmental factors. Stimulating the microglia. And then, interleukin-1, interleukin-18 weakens KCC2, interleukin-1 beta, Strengthens NKCC1. high chloride. We open up the chloride channel, In Rebell Excitatory. So, I think when, When the pediatricians get ahold of this, they’re going to be very excited to know that This could be why we’re seeing such a rise, and not just autism, but ADD, ADHD, anxiety, the whole shit mess. Dr. Deb Muth 00:49:58 thing. Bob Miller 00:49:59 Yeah, so… and you can see NF-kappa-B stimulates that. These stimulate it, and I think that’s why everyone’s getting so anxious. Now, there’s a little bit more to it, and we’ll get into this when we look at some of the maps, but… The, the glutamate, Which is excitatory. will stimulate the NMDA receptor, make more glutamate, And glutamate will inhibit KCC2. And then we also need an astrocyte To, take both ammonia And glutamate, and… Turn them back into glutamine. And I’m going to talk to you a little bit about arachidenic acid, and if we have too much arachidenic acid. or TNFA is upregulated, that doesn’t happen. Ammonia goes up, and there may be multiple reasons for this, but this is a reason why some of the autistic kids do flapping. Dr. Deb Muth 00:50:49 Hmm. Bob Miller 00:50:50 Because they’re not clearing their ammonia. And you can tell if somebody has high ammonia by… they get that old person smell, you know. Dr. Deb Muth 00:51:00 Yup. Bob Miller 00:51:01 your vehicle cycle’s not taking out the, the ammonia. Now, last pathway here. There’s growing interest in mast cell activation. So, back here, we talked about peroxynitride. And that will stimulate mast cells, and those are white blood cells that are your best friend, unless they’re your worst enemy. Then it’ll make histamine. And there’s enzymes called histidine decarboxylase that’ll make more. Dr. Deb Muth 00:51:28 I’m sure everybody’s heard of DAO, the enzyme that degrades histamine. Yep. Bob Miller 00:51:31 We can have genetic weakness, we don’t make that. There’s an enzyme called histamine and methyltransferase, That, That breaks down the histamine. Then if we don’t do that, it’ll get stuck in the histamine receptor site. And then it’ll make something called, renin. Which will cause angiotensinogen to turn into angiotensin. One, that turns into angiotensin II,And that’s where people make aldosterone, where they’ll get the, The swollen ankles and high blood pressure. But interestingly, there’s an enzyme called ACE2, that takes this guy and turns it into angiotensin 1-7, Which is anti-inflammatory and also inhibits… TNFA. Now, you can have weakness on ACE2, But… and anybody’s saying, that sounds familiar? Dr. Deb Muth 00:52:25 That’s where COVID comes in, using ACE2. Bob Miller 00:52:28 And now we just found there’s literature that if you get COVID long enough, it can actually make ACE2 not be able to work as well. So look what it does. It comes down here, stimulates the NADPH oxidase, More superoxide. More peroxynitrite. And we’re on a cycle here. We’ve actually named this the Home Cycle Hypothesis, the proposed feed-forward loop. That just keeps feeding on itself. All being caused by… Primarily, The environmental factors. But hitting those who have genetic weakness the hardest. That’s why. Dr. Deb Muth 00:53:08 To the people. Bob Miller 00:53:09 Don’t live in a moldy house. One person is sick as can be, and the other person says, well, you must be imagining things, because I don’t feel anything. Dr. Deb Muth Yeah. Same thing with long haul, right? Two people can both get sick, one gets sick and never seems to recover, and somebody else gets sick, and they have absolutely no problems with it at all. Bob Miller 00:53:30 Sure. Well, think about it, if you get COVID, and ACE2 is weak, and some of this other stuff is going on. This thing just starts feeding upon itself. Dr. Deb Muth 00:53:38 Keep creating more inflammation, more complications, nothing’s calming down. Bob Miller 00:53:43 Yeah. Now, you, you ask about, MTHFR. So, this is the, this is the, the software called Functional Genomic Analysis. There’s a demo report we have. So, let’s talk a little bit about, MTHFR. So, we actually have a map called a methylation map. Now, what happens is, when you do your saliva test, you, you know, you spit, you put some saliva. in a collection kit, goes to a lab, takes out the DNA data, sends it to the computer, and now you can actually see it visually. Okay. So, it’s gonna take a second for this, data to load up, it’s, and each of these Circles, each of these ovals, is an enzyme. And the data gets loaded up to see where it is. So, until it gets loaded up here, I didn’t preload this. There it goes. So… The primary thing about methylation is There’s a nasty substance called homocysteine that, if it’s too high, can really be detrimental. The body takes methylfolate, and combines with methyl B12, To bring this back up to methionine. And then through the MAT genes, we make SAMI, S-adml methionine. Which is involved in so many processes. Then after it does its thing, it turns back into homocysteine. And this thing needs to keep spinning around. That’s why, you know, it’s a good idea to keep homocysteine at, do you have a number that you’d like? 7, 8? What do you like for a number? Dr. Deb Muth 00:55:24 Yeah, I like mine below 7. Bob Miller 00:55:26 Yeah. So if the homocysteine goes too high. It, caused all kinds of problems. So, here’s where you ask about the MTHFR. So, here you can see on this individual. I click on MTHFR, and you can see it comes up here, here’s the C677. And you can see here where it says, variants. I’ll… I’ll draw in case somebody’s having a hard time seeing that. So, you can see there’s nothing in there. That means there’s no genetic mutations. If one parent would have given a mutation, there’d be a 1. If both parents did, there’d be a 2. Now, here’s why Yes, methylation is important, I’m not saying it isn’t important, but look at this MTHFRC677. In my software. Only 42.5% of the population does not have a mutation. 44.7% have won. 12.9 have 2. So, this isn’t some rare, oh my god, I’m gonna die… Kind of thing, yeah. Dr. Deb Muth 00:56:27 Right. Bob Miller 00:56:28 So, And then what happens is that, and again, I’m not dismissing methylation, I… we could do a whole show on methylation. Bob Miller 00:56:36 get it. But I think that what people are doing is they’re, they’re learning about MTHFR, they get it measured, they panic. They start taking massive amounts of methylfolate, which many times is to their detriment. Dr. Deb Muth 00:56:50 Well, it’s… and isn’t it true, too, with MTHFR, like, you have to also look at MTR, MTRR, and the more we stack up of those, the more complicated than MTHFR can be. It’s not… it’s not as simple as just saying MTHFR 677 versus 1298. It’s more complex than that, kind of like what you’ve already shown with some of the other things. There’s more to it than just that one little sliver. Bob Miller 00:57:17 Oh, sure, well, let’s take a look. So, remember I said there’s a cofactor? One of the cofactors is called FAD. Just a Bob Miller observation, that’s all. But when people have trouble with their riboflavin and they don’t have enough FAD, They’re doing much worse than people who have just a C677. So, right here, you could have perfect C677th. And if you don’t have the cofactor, it’s not gonna work, okay? Dr. Deb Muth 00:57:48 And as you said, there’s an MTR enzyme. Bob Miller 00:57:51 that takes methylfolate and methyl B12, to spin it around. So, here on this individual. here’s your… here’s your B vitamins, or I’m sorry, your B12s. There’s an enzyme called TCN1 that takes it from the stomach into the blood. Then there’s other enzymes that take it from the blood into the tissue. And if you’re having trouble here. Well, then you’re not going to have this working, so… Even if you don’t have MTHFR, And you have MTR, like this, no, I’m sorry, this person doesn’t. But they have the MTRR, and then they don’t have enough B12, this isn’t gonna work, aside from that. And then there’s a middle pathway. And then there’s enzymes called the MAT1. they take the methionine to the salmon. If that’s not working, we stick… we get stuck in methionine. So, it’s, it’s not just an MTHFR. And then, one of the things that people forget about. is through these CBS enzymes and CTH, We make cysteine, which is needed to make glutathione. The master antioxidant. So, it really is that… I call it the, The 3D chess game played underwater. Dr. Deb Muth 00:59:07 It really is. I mean, I see people who have CVS, COMT, glutathione, MGHFR genes. And some of them function just fine. Like, they have Like, I look at this person and I’m like, oh my gosh, I don’t know how they’re functioning because they’re double mutated on so many pathways, but yet they don’t have a lot of symptoms, they don’t have a lot of complications. Somehow their body has figured out a way to adapt to what it has so it can stay alive and it can function at a high functioning level. Bob Miller 00:59:36 Yeah, and they may be, you know, eating right? Yeah. Staying out of a moldy house. reducing stress. So, it’s diet, it’s stress, it’s genetics, environmental factors. So, yeah, we can’t just say somebody’s gonna be good or somebody’s gonna be bad. You know, some people get scared, oh, I got all these, it’s like, well… Bob Miller 00:59:56 Are you living in a moldy house? You know, and if you live in a moldy house and your glucuronidation pathway doesn’t do well, or if you’re, you know, a smoker, or you’re constantly eating junk food, I mean, all. Bob Miller 01:00:07 things come together. Although, you know, when we focus on genetics, we’re well aware that this is just a piece of it. You know, you could have identical twins, Genetically, and if one… Is exposed to mold and smokes and drinks and stressed out. They’re gonna be a whole lot sicker than their sibling. Bob Miller 01:00:28 Yep. Dr. Deb Muth 01:00:29 Yeah, it’s that concept of taking twins, and one gets raced with one family, and one gets raced with another family, and they don’t have the same… problems that… that each other have, you know? It’s a very unique situation, we don’t think about that enough. Bob Miller 01:00:44 Alright, so again, genetics loads the gun, environment pulls the trigger. So, if you’ve got a loaded gun, but you don’t have the triggers, you’re okay. Dr. Deb Muth 01:00:53 Yeah. Bob Miller 01:00:54 Yeah. So, remember I said I was going to talk about NAD? So, here’s NAD, and what it does, it turns into NADH. And what NADH does, it, Comes down this pathway, what’s called the electron transport chain. And that makes your ATP, that’s your energy. So, if this wasn’t working, we wouldn’t be alive, because we wouldn’t have energy. So it donates an electron, that’s why it’s called electron transport chain. So, we need NAD, To make this, to make the energy. But remember I said that NQ01, this would probably be, like, on my top 10 list of… Bob Miller 01:01:36 Much more important than MTHFR. This one takes NADH back to NAD. If we’re stuck over here, We’re low in this NAD+, But what happens is, NQO1 also provides CoQ10. And CoQ10 Is what’s needed for the electron transport chain to flow. So if we get too many electrons up here. And they don’t turn them into energy. They make a nasty free radical called superoxide. Okay. Now, NAD plus also makes NADPH, And that is needed. Remember I said we need to recycle our antioxidants. So, if we have a problem with FAD from riboflavin. Yeah, we don’t have enough NADPH, Glutathione’s not getting recycled, and you’re gonna be inflamed. And you take glutathione, you’ll feel worse. There’s another enzyme called thimoredoxin. Same thing, needs NADPH and FAD. And same way with your nitric oxide, there’s an enzyme called NOS3, That makes the nitric oxide that dilates your blood vessels. And if we don’t have enough NADPH or fat, You’re gonna make superoxide. Rather than nitric oxide. Now, remember

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