Podcasts about t cells

Terrie Magro will talk about her son Mark who was diagnosed with Hodgkins Lymphoma, just before turning 11 years old in mid March of  2004, and then on June 8th of that year, her 13 year old son Michael was diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with a rare T Cell variation . Mark is now nearing 32 years of age and is doing well both health and career wise but unfortunately, Michael passed away on July 30th of 2004, only 52 days after his diagnosis.  

On the Naked Scientists News show: a new UK trial seeks to infect healthy people with malaria in a bid to get to grips with the dormant stage of the infection. Then, we hear how T cells could be the key to ensuring more organ transplant successes, and should we all be taking fewer flights? Also, some curious observations regarding chimpanzees and their communal toilet routines... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Join Dr. David Jockers as he delves into the transformative effects of fasting on inflammation and immune rejuvenation with guest expert Dr. Joseph Antoun. Explore how this ancient practice, backed by modern science, can slow aging and enhance overall health.   Learn about the fasting-mimicking diet, a groundbreaking approach that combines the benefits of traditional fasting with nutrient intake, ensuring compliance and accessibility for everyone interested in a healthier lifestyle.   Uncover the potential of fasting strategies in managing autoimmune diseases and chronic conditions. Understand how targeted fasting protocols can regenerate the immune system and reduce medication dependency.   In This Episode:   00:00 Introduction to T Cells and Inflammation 01:56 Guest Introduction: Dr. Joseph Antoun 04:22 Understanding Chronic Inflammation 06:38 The Role of Fasting in Reducing Inflammation 12:31 Fasting Mimicking Diet: Concept and Benefits 18:44 Fasting and Gut Health 27:27 The Role of Gut Health in Metabolism 30:13 Fasting Mimicking Diet and Aging 31:24 Prolon's Impact on Biological Age 33:16 Fasting Mimicking Diet Protocols 37:29 Diabetes and the Fasting Mimicking Diet 43:39 Future Research and Focus Areas 45:03 Insurance and Medically Tailored Meals 48:08 Final Thoughts and Inspiration 51:36 Conclusion and Call to Action     Struggling with low energy, frequent colds, or dull skin? Vitamin C is essential for boosting your immune system and revitalizing skin health. Paleo Valley's Essential C Complex, made from potent whole food sources, ensures you get these benefits naturally, without synthetic additives.   Enjoy a special 15% discount on your first order of Paleo Valley's Essential C Complex by visiting PaleoValley.com/Jockers. Harness the power of nature with this whole food supplement to support your health effectively.   Kick off the new year by supercharging your gut health with Just Thrive Probiotic! Unlike ordinary probiotics that perish before they even reach your gut, Just Thrive's revolutionary formula is clinically proven to arrive 100% alive. This ensures optimal digestive health, robust immunity, and vibrant energy—essential components for anyone aiming to conquer their wellness goals this year.   Perfect for supporting effortless weight management, Just Thrive Probiotic is your go-to for a healthier lifestyle. Don't wait to start feeling your best—head over to justthrivehealth.com and use code Jockers to snag a 20% discount on your first purchase. Here's to a healthier, happier you with Just Thrive! Unlock the secrets of your body's unique nutritional needs with Genova Connect's Metabolomix Plus, an easy at-home test that dives deep into your metabolism. This comprehensive assessment reveals critical insights into your amino acids, vitamins, antioxidants, and fatty acids levels, guiding you to optimize your diet and supplements with precision. Ready to revolutionize your health? Visit GenovaConnect.com to discover how you can fine-tune your nutrition for peak performance and vitality     "Inflammation is a process that accelerates aging... It happens with aging itself and it gives it a kick even to age faster" ~ Dr. Joseph Antoun   Subscribe to the podcast on: Apple Podcast Stitcher Spotify PodBean  TuneIn Radio     Resources: Visit justthrivehealth.com and use code Jockers for a 20% discount Paleovalley - visit paleovalley.com/jockers Visit GenovaConnect.com   Connect with Dr. Joseph Antoun: Website - https://prolonlife.com/ Book - https://a.co/d/dadmN6V Connect with Dr. Jockers: Instagram – https://www.instagram.com/drjockers/ Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/DrDavidJockers YouTube – https://www.youtube.com/user/djockers Website – https://drjockers.com/   If you are interested in being a guest on the show, we would love to hear from you! Please contact us here! - https://drjockers.com/join-us-dr-jockers-functional-nutrition-podcast/  

This week, Jonathan is joined by Dr Shahram Kordasti, Associate Professor in Applied Cancer Immunopathology at King's College London, UK. In this episode, Dr Kordasti discusses the immunobiology of Myelodysplastic syndrome and Aplastic anaemia, the role of CD4+ T cells in myeloid malignancies, and how cutting-edge computational tools are enhancing treatment strategies.   Timestamps:  (00:00)-Introduction  (01:23)-Hodgkin's lymphoma origin   (04:21)- Immunobiology of diseases  (08:55)-Plasticity of T cells   (13:42)-Computational biology and multiomics for patient stratification  (21:00)-Standardising immune monitoring  (25:41)- Pretreatment with systemic agents  (27:55)- Myeloproliferative neoplasms  (31:48)-Synthetic data generation   (36:22)-Exciting developments on the horizon   (39:16)-Three wishes for healthcare  

At the School for Influenza in Brisbane, TWiV speaks with Kirsty, Erik and Rebecca about their careers and their research. Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Kirsty Short, Erik Karlsson, and Rebecca Cox Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Support science education at MicrobeTV Diabetes, obesity, and COVID-19 severity (Diab Care) Rice farming and zoonosis in Cambodia (One Health) Influenza correlates of protection (mBio) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV travels to Brisbane, Australia for the Options XII for the control of influenza conference, and meets up with Stephanie Gras and Jenna Guthmiller to talk about their careers and their research. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Kathy Spindler, and Steph Langel Guests: Stephanie Gras and Jenna Guthmiller Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Goldilocks zone of influenza immunity (J Inf Dis) Broadly neutralizing HA antibodies (Nature) T cell epitopes needed for influenza vaccines (Clin Transl Immunol) T cell epitopes conserved in emerging H5N1 viruses (Clin Transl Immunol) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

From the 2024 International Hepatitis B virus meeting in Chicago, TWiV speaks with Mala Maini and John Tavis about their careers, the replication and transmission of HBV, and the HBV Foundation. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit Guests: Mala Maini and John Tavis Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Immunobiology and pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection (Nat Rev Immunol) HBV Foundationhttps://www.hepb.org/ Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

Immune explores the immunological diversity in the upper airway, including memory B and T cells and germinal center B cells, and how chronic infection with Plasmodium parasites leads to development of B cell cancers. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Cindy Leifer, Steph Langel, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Immune memory diversity in human upper airway (Nature) How Plasmodium infection promotes B cell cancers (Cell) Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Tatami. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

TWiP reviews a study showing that intestinal helminth infection impairs vaccine-induced T cell responses through an IL-10 pathway, which compromised protection against antigenically drifted SARS-CoV-2 variants. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Daniel Griffin and Christina Naula Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Links for this episode Join the MicrobeTV Discord server Worms impair COVID vaccines (Sci Trans Med) Heligmosomoides image (Wiki Commons) Become a patron of TWiP  Send your questions and comments to twip@microbe.tv Music by Ronald Jenkees

From the American Association of Immunologists 2024 conference in Chicago, Cindy and Steph meet up with Rafael Polidoro to talk about his career, the research of his laboratory on how the gut microbiome modulates the local and systemic immune responses during infections. Hosts: Cindy Leifer and Steph Langel Guest: Rafael Polidoro Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Music by Tatami. Logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

Frank and Jacque discuss issues Frank has been seeing in the field with Hayward salt systems, pump cavitation, and, once again, the benefits of borates. Get 10% off on Camereye purchase from camereye.ai with coupon code DEEPEND24 - the ultimate pool safety and monitoring solution. Save 10% on CycloneFilterTools on purchases from CYCLONEFILTERCLEANER.COM with coupon code DEEPEND Big savings on CU Lator products at CULATOR.COM, use coupon code DEEPEND44 The Deep End Pool Podcast focuses on residential pool maintenance and may not cover commercial pool requirements. Please consult the CDC and local authorities and code requirements for commercial pool maintenance. Email us questions and show suggestions at deependfrank@gmail.com. visit our home page thedeependpoolpodcast.com Our sponsors for the 2024 podcast season. poolwerx.com. jandy.com. bluerayxl.com cyclonefiltertools.com. ipssa.com allsafepool.com clearcomfort.com poolmagazine.com, Periodic Products / CULATOR.COM 00:00 Introduction, Jacque is back 09:27 Hydraulics, It needs to be easier for a pump to pull water than to push water. A gravelly noise means the pump is cavitating. If using a suction side cleaner, you should not have to cavitate the pump to achieve proper suction on the cleaner. 14:00 How diverter valves work. 19:22 Hayward salt systems. The control system has to be properly set to the correct salt cell. There are 4 different T Cell sizes. If your controller is reading significantly off from water tests, it may need to be set to the proper cell size. The salt reading is high on the Hayward salt system. Salt system salt readings can vary 400-600 ppm from water test results and still be considered within range. Do not always trust the salt system readings from the salt control system. Test your water. Do not over-salt your pool. 30:00 If you are not qualified to work on electrical work, please do not work on pool lights or other components of electrical system. 30:40 Story of pool owner allowing kids to swim when they were receiving an electrical shock in the pool. Bond wires connect all metal components of a pool together and give an easy path to ground. This helps prevent potential electrical shock from stray electricity. 37:00 Borates. Borates have several benefits and no bad side effects for a swimming pool. Borates reduce the growth rate of algae. Borates help stabilize pH. Borates soften the pool water. Borates is a clarifier.

In this episode of JCO Article Insights, Rohit Singh interviews Dr. Ticiana Leal on the editorial, "Back to the Drawing Board: Overcoming Resistance to PD-1 Blockade." TRANSCRIPT The guests' disclosures can be found in the transcript. Dr. Rohit Singh: Hello and welcome to JCO's Article Insights. I am your host Rohit Singh and today we will be discussing the JCO article, “Back to the Drawing Board: Overcoming Resistance to PD-1 Blockade.” And we are joined by the senior author of the article, Dr. Ticiana Leal. Dr. Leal is an Associate Professor in the Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology at Emory University School of Medicine, and she serves as director of Thoracic Medical Thoracic Oncology Medical Program and Multidisciplinary Thoracic Oncology Leader at the Winship Cancer Institute. She also served as a member of the Board of Directors at the Georgia Society of Clinical Oncology.  Dr. Leal, welcome to our podcast and thank you for joining us. Dr. Ticiana Leal: Thank you, Rohit. Thank you for this interesting opportunity to discuss our editorial. My co-authors and I are very glad to be here today. So, Dr. Jennifer Carlisle and Dr. Liu were co-authors with me on this editorial. Dr. Rohit Singh: It's a really good article. And just for our audiences, the article again, titled “Back to the Drawing Board: Overcoming Resistance to PD-1 Blockade,” it discusses the challenges and the potential strategies for overcoming resistance to immune checkbox inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. In this article, Dr. Leal and colleagues talk about the second line of drug when the patient developed disease progression while immunotherapy and they develop resistance and their definitions and what to do.  So, to Dr. Leal, can you please explain the mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to immune check prohibitors in non-small cell lung cancer? I also saw in your article you proposed the definition of immunotherapy resistance in solid tumors, distinguishing between primary resistance and acquired resistance. So, if you can please share your thoughts and explain their mechanism. Dr. Ticiana Leal: So primary resistance and acquired resistance are related to tumor intrinsic and tumor extrinsic factors. And this is mainly clinically defined as of now according to previous response patterns and timing of occurrence, and these definitions can be heterogeneous, and we certainly think that biologically they can be very different. And it can be different according to prior therapy, whether patients got immunotherapy as PD-1, PD-L1 inhibitor alone or combination strategy with CTLA-4, or the combination with chemotherapy. But the patterns of resistance can be very different and can be based on defects and antigen presentation. It can also be due to tumor microenvironment immunosuppressive effects, and there are also additional inhibitory checkpoints that can be involved.  The definition in terms of when to call it primary or acquired resistance at this point has really been based on consensus guidelines by SITC, by Esmo, as well as our group Lung-MAP has developed clinical trials in this space. Specifically, through Lung-MAP, we've defined and incorporated the definition of acquired resistance as patients who have had prior exposure of 84 days or greater and then have had progression of their disease.  Dr. Rohit Singh: I can see why it is so challenging to come up with a standard definition for immune checkpoint resistance and I think incorporating these definitions and predictive biomarkers for clinical trial design is going to be more important going forward. Your article talks about CONTACT-01 study, so can you please discuss the CONTACT-01 study and how the shifting treatment paradigm in the first-time study impacted it and at the same time also discuss the potential implication of the differential outcome observed between the men and women in the CONTACT-01 study. Dr. Ticiana Leal: CONTACT-01 was a much-awaited study. The authors, Dr. Neal et al, looked at a very important question in the area of immunotherapy resistance. So, CONTACT-01 was a randomized phase three global study that investigated the combination of cabozantinib plus atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients previously treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. And as background, cabozantinib is an inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases including VEGFR-2, MET, RET and TAM family kinases. Preclinically, cabozantinib could lead to immuno permissive tumor microenvironment and so it was rational to combine it with a PD-1 inhibitor. In early results of a phase 1B expanded cohort of COSMIC-021 showed really promising results of this combination which led to the rationale of CONTACT-01. In this study, however, patients that were included had different prior treatment sequences. They could have had prior immunotherapy alone followed by chemo or the opposite, or they could have had prior immunotherapy and then upon progression gotten a combination of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy. That to say that immunotherapy rechallenge is something that people are doing in clinical practice given the unmet need and the desire to overcome immunotherapy resistance. But perhaps that also includes a more resistant population of patients, and these patients certainly could have had heterogeneous mechanisms of resistance which could have impacted these results.   The study did not meet the primary endpoint of overall survival. We saw a median overall survival of 10.7 months with the combination of atezo plus cabo and 10.5 months with docetaxel alone. In terms of the differences between sex that we saw in the CONTACT-01 study, just to go back in terms of the preclinical studies that have been done, there have been some preclinical studies that demonstrated that perhaps there may be some biological differences in models of different genders in mice. However, in the clinical setting, there have been, I think, contradicting results. A meta-analysis showed that perhaps women derive less benefit than men. Other studies have shown that perhaps women have more adverse events to immunotherapy. In this study specifically, only about 20% of the patients enrolled were women and the majority actually had non squamous histology. And we saw here less benefit for immunotherapy in women. But again, I think the numbers here are quite small. This is an exploratory analysis and I do think it highlights though the importance of making sure that we include populations and have higher rates of accrual, not only in women, but in other representative populations. In this study, only about 1% of the patients were black. Dr. Rohit Singh: Yeah. Thank you so much for highlighting those disparities. I think it's very important to make sure that we have proper representation of all the groups in our trials. I think based on just coming off the VEGF inhibitors, I think the Lung-MAP trial S1800A, showed a significant improvement in median OS with the combination of pembrolizumab and ramucirumab compared to standard of care. Do you envision any future commission therapies targeting the VEGF pathway with immune prohibitors in non-small cell lung cancer?  Dr. Ticiana Leal: I definitely think that targeting VEGF with multikinase TKIs based on the studies that we have seen, several now randomized phase 3 studies showing that this strategy is ineffective. So, this has been quite disappointing. But we've now seen the results of CONTACT-01, that we're just discussing here, but also other studies, including SAPPHIRE, which was also a randomized phase 3 that investigated nivolumab plus another VEGF multikinase TKI, sitravatinib. And then we also saw LEAP-008, which was a negative study investigating lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab. There still is a question though, whether you can target the VEGF pathway inhibition with a monoclonal antibody, so that's ramucirumab targeting VEGFR-2 plus ICI, and whether that can actually be an effective strategy. In our Lung-MAP trial, the S1800A, this study was a randomized phase 2. Here we used the definition of acquired resistance of patients receiving prior immune checkpoint inhibitor for a minimum of 84 days, and they were randomized to the combination of pembrolizumab plus ramucirumab versus investigator's choice of standard of care, which did include docetaxel, ramucirumab, docetaxel gemcitabine and methotrexate. This was a positive study. It led to significant improvement in median overall survival and there weren't any significant safety signals here. And we're waiting for another confirmatory study called the Pragmatica-Lung study.  Dr. Rohit Singh: Yeah, I did have one patient who raced through pembro, and I utilized this combination and was able to get some responses.  You mentioned Pragmatica-Lung trial. Can you provide more information about the ongoing Pragmatica-Lung trial and its potential impact on the treatment paradigm? Dr. Ticiana Leal: Yeah, the Pragmatica-Lung trial is an ongoing study, S2302. This is an effort that is ongoing. Dr. Karen Reckamp is the chair of this study. And this is a study that actually has a very, I think, modern study design. The term Pragmatica, this is an effort that is supported by the NCI to really propose a clinical trial design that is pragmatic to promote diversity and inclusion in clinical trials. The aim of this trial specifically is to validate what we saw in terms of overall survival in S1800A. So, in this study, patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer are randomized 1:1 to the combination of pembrolizumab plus ramucirumab versus standard of care for patients previously treated with immunotherapy and chemotherapy for stage 4 recurrent non-small cell lung cancer. Primary endpoint here is overall survival. And I think this kind of highlights what we were talking about in terms of empowering investigators to treat patients in a clinical trial more so like a real-world setting. And I think this can be paradigm changing and decrease barriers to enrollment and also include now the real-world population that we see in clinical practice. Dr. Rohit Singh: Yeah, changing gears a little bit. I think your article also mentioned other agents that have been tested in ICI resistance settings, like lenvatinib-sitra. However, those trials results have been disappointing. What are the possible reasons behind those dose point results with multikinase inhibitors?  Dr. Ticiana Leal: We saw some really interesting, promising overall survival results with these combinations in phase two setting. In the phase 1B expansion with CONTACT-01, we saw prolonged overall survival that we thought would be promising enough to investigate in a phase 3. Ultimately, I don't know because there weren't any biomarkers that we could really tease out what was going on. Again, to highlight that both in LEAP-008 as well as CONTACT-01, there was no definition of immunotherapy resistance, which could have impacted, and we did choose the definition for SAPPHIRE, that patients had to have acquired resistance and immunotherapy had to be the most recent prior therapy. Ultimately, one potential reason for why these are not effective could be that this targeting with a multikinase TKI with multiple targets is ineffective, and you really have to target VEGF more precisely, which is the case here of ramucirumab, which targets VEGFR-2, and whether there are differences between a TKI and a monoclonal antibody may also impact the outcomes here.  Dr. Rohit Singh: You mentioned biomarkers. Do you think, are there any other potential biomarkers beyond PDL-1 or human mutation burden expression that can help us predict the response image checkpoint, especially in non-small cell lung cancer? Dr. Ticiana Leal: I think that's a great question. I definitely think that more effort needs to be dedicated, and of course, there are multiple efforts in this direction. One of the challenges, obviously, has been to obtain tissue to do this biomarker testing in clinical trials. When you look at CONTACT-01, they did PDL-1 expression, but this was all based on archival tissue and it was all based on standard of care, local testing. So, a lot of heterogeneity there, and certainly using PDL-1 at baseline from initial diagnosis for a second line trial may have significant flaws there. Ultimately, right now, for clinical practice, there isn't anything that's ready for prime time. But certainly, it sounds like, based on what we're seeing, that combining biomarkers is more likely to improve the accuracy. And I think a single biomarker alone is probably going to have insufficient predictive capacity. It'd be great to be able to better comprehensively characterize an individual's tumor, to individualize immunotherapy strategies in this relapse setting.  Dr. Rohit Singh: Yeah, definitely. We need more, better biomarkers. Coming to your point of heterogeneity, PD-L1. I myself had a patient, when we got PDL expressions from one site, they gave us one to 49%. However, for the testing, I sent the patient to a further lab at outset and PDL turned out to be 80%. But that was from a different site because of the bio sets only. Yeah, to your point, it's very heterogeneous and definitely we need to be more cautious interpreting those.  In that trial, in CONTACT-01, we have, through the patient who have oncogenetic lung cancer. Are there any plans to explore the role of immune checkpoint in oncogenetic lung cancer, especially like non-EGFR, non ALK? I know those are the ones that we have seen in multiple studies that don't respond but are other oncogenetic lung cancer is getting more and more target treatments coming out for non-small lung cancer? Dr. Ticiana Leal: Yeah. So, for patients with driver mutations, the paradigm has been well established that if there is a driver mutation, the patient should receive the appropriate targeted therapy. Immunotherapy as monotherapy has been ineffective in a lot of the patients with driver mutations beyond EGFR and ALK, certainly RET and HER2, ROS1, or other driver mutations that we believe that immunotherapy alone is ineffective. However, we are seeing some interesting ongoing clinical trials, or completed clinical trials investigating immunotherapy in patients with driver mutations. Going back to the EGFR population, we recently saw the results of HARMONi-A, which investigated ivonescimab, which is a bispecific antibody hitting PD-1, and VEGF, that in combination with chemotherapy, improved progression free survival in patients with EGFR mutated, non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer with progression on prior TKI treatment. So, I think it is still an area of active investigation, and I do think that ongoing trials, perhaps with different PD-1, PD-L1 combination strategies such as bispecifics may be interesting but does require investigation. Dr. Rohit Singh: Yeah, definitely. It looks like combination therapy is going to be the most likely answer coming forward with more research, we're able to figure out the best possible treatment in this subgroup of patients. Considering the current challenges and ongoing research efforts, how do you see the field of non-small cell treatment evolving in coming years? Dr. Ticiana Leal: This is an interesting and important question. I think it's been really exciting to be working in thoracic oncology research. We have seen that these research efforts have led to advancement in the field. I think we need to continue to partner and collaborate with institutions, partner with industry, and also with patients and patient advocates to design clinical trials that are really going to focus on the needs of our patients in clinical trials. The gap in the second line and beyond after immunotherapy failure is a significant one. So, I do think that the challenges are to continue to develop biomarkers, to really understand who will benefit from immunotherapy strategies, who benefits from combinations, and most importantly, who does nothing. I think biomarkers are going to be something that we need to continue to incorporate in clinical trials, and I do think that there's a lot of room for hope and promise in the field. We've seen some interesting results with antibody drug conjugates and the combinations there may also be of interest. And then other important strategies, we're looking at T Cell engagers and different drugs with different mechanism of actions, including CAR T and vaccines. So beyond immune checkpoint inhibitors, I think we have different classes of drugs that may lead to different treatment strategies for patients in second line and beyond.  Dr. Rohit Singh: Yeah, certainly we have seen such extensive development in lung cancer. However, there's still a lot to be done as you just mentioned.  Thank you so much Dr. Leal for your time and great insights discussing your article with us. Dr. Ticiana Leal: Thank you. Dr. Rohit Singh: Thank you for listening to JCO Article Insights. Don't forget to give us a rating or review and be sure to subscribe so you never miss an episode. You'll find all ASCO shows at asco.org/podcast.    The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions.   Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. Guest statements on the podcast do not express the opinions of ASCO. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement.     Dr. Leal Disclosures Consulting or Advisory Role Company name: Novocure Company name: Amgen Company name: Roche Company name: AstraZeneca Company name: Regeneron Company name: Novocure Company name: Takeda Company name: Jazz Pharmaceuticals Company name: Catalyst Pharmaceuticals Company name: Pfizer Company name: Janssen Company name: Genentech Company name: Novartis Company name: Sanofi Company name: BMS GmbH & Co. KG Company name: Abbvie Company name: OncoC4 Research Funding Company name: Pfizer Company name: Daiichi Sankyo/Astra Zeneca Travel, Accommodations, Expenses Company name: Regeneron Company name: Sanofi  

From the American Association of Immunologists 2024 conference in Chicago, Cindy and Steph meet up with Jane Buckner to talk about her career, and the research of her laboratory on mechanisms by which regulation of the adaptive immune response fails or is overcome in the setting of human autoimmunity. Hosts: Cindy Leifer and Steph Langel Guest: Jane Buckner Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Music by Tatami. Logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV reviews measles in Kenya, a trial for a intranasal COVID vaccine, dengue in the Florida Keys and in Central/South America, Spain connecting government with scientists, T cell activation and viral RNA fragments persist for up to 2 years after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and durable cross-reactive and protective antibodies against avian N2 neuraminidases elicited by A(H2N2) and A(H3N2) influenza pandemics. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Alan Dove Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Measles in Kenya (WHO) Intranasal COVID vaccine trial (NIH) Dengue in Florida Keys (Florida Health) Dengue rising in Central/South America (NPR) Spain to connect scientists with government (Science) Persistence of T cells and viral RNA after SARS-CoV-2 infection (Sci Transl Med) Influenza pandemics induce cross-reactive antibodies against avian N2 (Nat Comm) Letters read on TWiV 1129 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Alan – The first few minutes of this video by Roger Barnes Vincent – Billy & Molly: An Otter Love Story Listener Picks Fernando – A City on Mars Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Immune travels to Chicago for the American Association of Immunologists conference where they meet up with Joseph Larkin III to talk about his career and his research on the contribution of T lymphocyte subsets and functions in maintaining tolerance. Hosts: Stephanie Langel and Brianne Barker Guest: Joseph Larkin III Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Th17 cells in immunity and autoimmunity (J Immunol Res) COVID-19 booster enhances virus neutralization by milk (Front Nutr) SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in milk and infant stool after maternal immunization (J Perinatol) Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

This episode of The Naked Scientists: How scientists are getting to grips with the UK's E. coli outbreak. Lettuce leaves look like the source, but how? Also, how atomic bomb tests have helped us build a better picture of how much carbon plants can lock away - and the news is both good and bad. And, how scientists near Norwich are sniffing the air... for DNA. Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

In this riveting presentation, Dr. Brooke Goldner elucidates her specialized approach focused on cellular repair to counter various health issues, including autoimmune diseases and inflammation. Through a diet rich in raw vegetables and a balanced lifestyle, Dr. Goldner highlights the potential of nutrition in not just managing but possibly reversing symptoms of serious ailments. With a dedicated Q&A session, she addresses queries on specific health concerns, offering hope and a fresh perspective on holistic wellbeing. #CellularRepair #HolisticHealth #DrBrookeGoldner

Today I am addressing the "early steps" in combatting Lyme or mold. So, I begin by diving into the phenomenon of Herxheimer reactions, elucidating its occurrence following antimicrobial therapy initiation for Lyme disease. Through this, I explore the intricate interplay between microbial factors, such as the release of endotoxins (LPS), and host immune responses, leading to a cascade of inflammatory reactions. Moreover, I provide practical strategies that may help mitigate Herxheimer reactions, including gradual dose titration, anti-inflammatory supplementation, binders, baths, and support for the body's natural detoxification pathways (liver, lymph, kidneys, and more). Topics: 1. Understanding Herx Reactions - Definition and Manifestation - General Overview of Symptoms 2. Underlying Mechanisms of Herx Reactions - Host Immune Responses - Microbial Factors 3. Microbial Factors in Herx Reactions - Release of Endotoxins - Role of Gram-Negative Bacteria - Impact on Immune Response (LPS) - Example: Lyme Disease as a Model 4. Inflammatory Response - Pro-inflammatory Cytokines - TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β - Immune Response Propagation - Vasodilation - Vascular Permeability - Immune Cell Recruitment 5. Acute-Phase Response - Ex: Induction of Fever via the Hypothalamus - Systemic Manifestations and Other Symptoms 6. Phagocytic Immune Cells - Macrophages - Antigen Presentation - Cytokine Release - Neutrophils - Role in Early Innate Immune Response 7. Transition to Adaptive Immune Response - Specificity - Role of T Cells and B Cells - Immunological Memory 8. Implications of Inefficient Adaptive Immune Response Activation - Chronic Infection and Inflammation - Cause: Disruption in Antigen Presentation 9. Biotoxin Illness and Genetic Factors - Role of HLA Genes - Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome 10. Mitigating Herx Reactions - Slow Titration of Antimicrobial Therapy - Reducing Inflammation: Omega-3s, SPMs, Curcumin, Quercetin, Ginger, Boswellia, etc. - Supporting Clearance Pathways - Liver, Lymph, Kidneys - Hydration and Proper Elimination - Epsom Salt Baths - Use of Binders: Activated Charcoal, Chlorella, Cholestyramine etc. Thank you to our episode sponsor: ⁠Check out The Honest Tooth Here!⁠ Thanks for tuning in! Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" If you liked this episode, please leave a rating and review or share it to your stories over on Instagram. If you tag @synthesisofwellness, Chloe would love to personally thank you for listening! Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ to purchase products, subscribe to our mailing list, and more! Or visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠linktr.ee/synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ to see all of Chloe's links, schedule a BioPhotonic Scanner consult with Chloe, or support the show! Thanks again for tuning in! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support

Episode 128 of the Long Covid Podcast is a chat with Nigel McCracken, COO of Virax Biolabs & Sean Knight, Clinical research fellow at the University of Manchester. Nigel and Sean are working together in collaboration on a study to dive deeper into T-Cell exhaustion in people with Long Covid.We take a deep dive into T-Cells, immunology and the quest for a biomarker!Virax Biolabs Long Covid research at Manchester For more information about Long Covid Breathing, their courses, workshops & other shorter sessions, please check out this link(music - Brock Hewitt, Rule of Life) Support the Show.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~The Long Covid Podcast is self-produced & self funded. If you enjoy what you hear and are able to, please Buy me a coffee or purchase a mug to help cover costs.Transcripts are available on the individual episodes hereShare the podcast, website & blog: www.LongCovidPodcast.comFacebook @LongCovidPodcastInstagram & Twitter @LongCovidPodFacebook Support GroupSubscribe to mailing listPlease get in touch with feedback and suggestions or just how you're doing - I'd love to hear from you! You can get in touch via the social media links or at LongCovidPodcast@gmail.com**Disclaimer - you should not rely on any medical information contained in this Podcast and related materials in making medical, health-related or other decisions. Ple...

TWiV reviews influenza H5N1 in North American cows and in birds throughout New York City, polio health emergency extended, ChatGPT to control vaccine hesitancy, increasing viral hepatitis worldwide, dengue public health alert in Puerto Rico, cherry trees drowning in Washington DC, death of iron lung Paul, origin and dispersal history of hepatitis B virus in Eastern Eurasia, and antibody-independent protection against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server MicrobeTV store at Cafepress Become a member of ASV (asv.org) The New City by Dickson Despommier (blog post) Navigating the U.S. Immigration System webinar International Conferene on Pandemic Preparedness Avian influenza in dairy cows North Carolina and South Dakota H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4 Pathogenic flu throughout NYC Polio from Afghanistan to Pakistan extending public health emergency CHAT GPT to combat vaccine hesitancy Viral hepatitis worldwide Dengue public health alert in Puerto Rico Cherry trees being drowned by water level rise in DC Paul in iron lung dies (NPR) Hepatitis B virus in Eastern Eurasia (Nat Comm) Antibody-independent protection against heterologous SARS-CoV-2 (Nature) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – Do Other Planets Have Solar Eclipses? Kathy – Radcliffe Wave and Mt. Etna smoke rings with video Rich – Spongy Oak Apple Gall Wasp (Amphibolips confluenta) Life cycle; Gall formation Alan – Rogue attempt to clone giant sheep for captive hunting Vincent – The Scientists Rock. Literally. Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

On episode #49 of the Infectious Disease Puscast, Daniel and Sara review the infectious disease literature for the weeks of 2/14 – 2/27/24. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Sara Dong Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Puscast! Links for this episode Viral HIV Cure?  (NEJM) The effects of HIV-1 antigen-expanded specific T-Cell therapy and vorinostat on persistent infection (JID) The burden of HMPV and influenza associated hospitalizations in adults (JID) Bacterial Length of antibiotic therapy among the hospitalized with uncomplicated pneumonia (Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology) Guideline on fecal microbiota–vased therapies for some gastrointestinal diseases (Gastroenterology) Guideline on fecal microbiota–based therapies for recurrent C diff (CIDRAP) Reduced vancomycin susceptibility in Clostridioides difficile (CID) Fungal Histoplasmosisin non-HIV population (OFID) Parasitic Plasmodium falciparum under the host's Immune radar(JID) Did you hear Artemether-lumefantrine is recommended for uncomplicate malaria CID) Miscellaneous Uncompensated work in academic infectious diseases, seriously? (CID) Invasive mosquito Anopheles stephensi, Ghana (Emerging Infectious Diseases) Music is by Ronald Jenkees

無數科學家們研究並開發新的治療方法來對付癌症，這個令人聞之色變的疾病。從早期的非專一性的化學和放射線治療，到約西元 2000 年出現的標靶療法 (targeted therapy)，以及過去十年開始興盛的免疫療法 (immunotherapy) 等，每一步都是跟癌症對抗的重要里程碑。而從 2017 年 FDA 核准六款 CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell) 細胞療法之後，CAR-T 細胞療法成為癌症研究和治療的一大主流方向。與此同時，目前核准的 CAR-T 療法需要從病人身上取得 T 細胞，改造後放回病人體內，高度客製化的要求導致療程的費用高昂；另外，目前的療法使用病毒將遺傳物質帶入取出的 T 細胞，以表達特定受體，但並非所有細胞都能承受這樣的改造流程，種種原因限制了 CAR-T 療法在臨床治療的影響力。 針對這些現有療法的不足，蕭世嘉博士創辦的育世博公司另闢蹊徑，將點擊化學（此技術獲2022年諾貝爾化學獎）應用在免疫細胞改造，避免了一些免疫細胞經病毒改造後失去活性的限制，並成功開發兩款改造 T 細胞進入臨床試驗。 想知道一般免疫細胞為何需要做專一性抗體修飾，育世博的抗體細胞連結技術 (Antibody Cell Conjugate, ACC) 和之前的改造方法相比還有何優勢，以及創辦新公司需要考慮哪些因素，千萬不要錯過這集精彩的訪談！  

In our final episode of 2023, the JHLT Digital Media Editors have two manuscripts from the December 2023 issue of The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation! Digital Media Editor Erika Lease, MD, transplant pulmonologist at the University of Washington in Seattle, hosts this episode.   First, a free-ranging conversation with first author Mark E. Snyder, MD, and senior author John F. McDyer, MD, on their team's study “Impact of age and telomere length on circulating T cells and rejection risk after lung transplantation for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.”   A subset of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have a heritable, age-adjusted short telomere length. Mutations in telomere length can manifest as T-cell dysfunction and immunodeficiency. As T-cells are involved in the development of acute cellular rejection (ACR), the authors hypothesized that the combination of age and telomere length would impact the degree of ACR burden in lung transplant recipients—and indeed, the authors found that lung transplant recipients with IPF and short telomere length had premature “aging” of their circulating T-Cells. There was a significant decline in early ACR burden with increasing age, found only in those with short telomere length.   How might these findings impact immunosuppression regimens in clinical practice? What follow-up studies to they have planned? In the discussion, Drs. Snyder and McDyer, both of UPMC in Pittsburgh, discuss all these possibilities, as well as the the work of their collaborator, Jonathan K. Alder, PhD, as inspiration for the study.   Next, the editors explored “Early optical coherence tomography evaluation of donor-transmitted atherosclerosis and cardiac allograft vasculopathy: insights from a prospective, single-center study,” in a discussion with senior author Snehal R. Patel, MD, of the Montefiore Medical Center in New York.   Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) remains a major cause of death in heart transplant recipients, and donor-transmitted atherosclerosis (defined as a maximal intimal thickness of >/= 0.5mm on baseline intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) early after transplant) is believed to carry a greater risk for the development of CAV. Dr. Patel's team, however, hypothesized that optical coherence tomography (OCT) may have advantages over IVUS as an imaging modality due to its higher resolution. In this prospective, observational study, the authors assessed the prognostic role of OCT, and found that transplant recipients whose OCT imaging showed advanced plaque characteristics had a significantly higher event rate after a mean follow up of 3.3 years. OCT was also an independent predictor of clinic events, while maximal intimal thickness of >/= 0.5mm was not.   In the episode, Dr. Patel shares the key features of OCT that may make it of clinical use, the three risk categories developed for the study, and what the follow-ups might be.   Follow along at www.jhltonline.org/current, or, if you're an ISHLT member, log in at ishlt.org/journal-of-heart-lung-transplantation.  Don't already get the Journal and want to read along? Join the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation at www.ishlt.org for a free subscription, or subscribe today at www.jhltonline.org.    

Immune reveals the total mass (1.2kg), number (1.8 trillion), and distribution of immune cells in the human body, with macrophages contributing nearly 50% of the total cellular mass. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Cynthia Leifer, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts. RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Immune cells in the human body (PNAS) Letters read on Immune 73 Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

From Cornell University in Ithaca New York, Vincent and Cindy meet with Ellen Rothenberg to review her career in science, starting with work on retroviruses to unraveling transcriptional networks underlying T-cell development and signaling. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Cynthia Leifer Guest: Ellen Rothenberg Click arrow to play Download Immune 72 (53 MB .mp3, 73 min) Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts. RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Synthesis of infectious DNA of murine leukaemia virus (Nature) Runx factors launch T cell and innate lymphoid programs (Nat Immunol) Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

Immune explains how, in a mouse model of roundworm infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, exposure to lung-migrating helminths protects mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hosts: Cynthia Leifer, Stephanie Langel, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts. RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Helminth protects against murine SARS-CoV-2 infection (Sci Immunol) Pandemic spared Africa (ScienceInsider) Letters read on Immune 71 Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

What if you could slow down Alzheimer's or ALS? That's exactly the deeply personal journey Dr. Howard Berman, Founder and CEO at Coya Therapeutics, finds himself on. To day, Howard runs a mission-driven company that is making remarkable breakthroughs in the world of T-Cells. Driven by his father's personal battle with Dementia, Howard has embarked on a relentless quest for a cure. Along his journey, he uncovered an extraordinary technology devised by the brilliant Dr. Stanley Appel that gave him the courage to leave his last life in pharmaceuticals. In this episode, Dr. Berman speaks on the science of fear and the negative physical effects it can have on our bodies. Howard also gives listeners an educational crash course on what dementia is and the many ways it can rear its unfortunate, ugly head. It's Berman to Berman on this episode of the Courageous Podcast. 

โรคมะเร็ง เป็นโรคที่คร่าชีวิตคนไทยและสร้างความเจ็บปวดให้แก่ผู้ป่วย ทั้งจากตัวโรคและกระบวนการบำบัด แต่วันนี้มีเทคโนโลยีหนึ่งที่สร้างความหวัง นั่นคือการรักษามะเร็งด้วยเซลล์เม็ดเลือดขาวของผู้ป่วย หรือที่เรียกว่า CAR T-Cell Top to Toe พอดแคสต์วิทยาศาสตร์สุขภาพพาไปทบทวนภูมิคุ้มกันของร่างกายแบบ B-Cell และ T-Cell ก่อนเจาะลึกลงไปในนวัตกรรม CAR T-Cell ว่ามีกระบวนการบำบัดกับผู้ป่วยอย่างไร ประสิทธิภาพมากแค่ไหน และถึงแม้ว่ายังเป็นนวัตกรรมที่ราคาสูง แต่เชื่อว่าวันหนึ่งมันจะเป็นสวัสดิการของประชาชนทั่วโลกในการรับมือโรคนี้

This week's Pod looks at the 2nd CD20-CD3 bispecific T-Cell engager approved this year (or at all), glofitamab, and the TALAPRO-2 study of combining talazoparib to enzalutaimide. TALAPRO-2: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01055-3

On this episode of BioTech IQ, Ammon interviews Paul Lammers the CEO of Triumvira about developing autologus cell therapies using their T-Cell Antigen Coupler Platform (TAC). During this insightful discussion Paul talks about how he started in the industry, running a biotech company in today's environment, and what sets Triumvira's T-Cell therapy apart from the rest! Don't miss it!Show support for show https://www.buymeacoffee.com/biotechiqCheck out the books recommended by Paul:CEO Excellence - https://amzn.to/3OGjI3GThe Emperor of All Maladies - https://amzn.to/3IDyZ1lSupport the showCheck me out on LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/ammonr/

Whistleblower Report – Big Pharma's relentless assault with gene-changing technologies continues with today's discussion using our T-Cell immunity pathways and “edible vaccines” in vegetables and livestock (pigs, cattle, chickens, lamb), milk, and eggs as the latest vehicles to get the synthetic mRNA into our bodies – whether we want it or not. I discuss the brand new published research...

Immune explains the results of a study which show that in mice, functional T cells respond to vaccination for over 10 years and 51 successive immunizations, exhibiting supernumerary cell division and longevity. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Cynthia Leifer, Steph Langel, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts. RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server T cells capable of supernumerary division (Nature) Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

This week the team are in the studio, with a focus on Immunology (in promotion of the upcoming ‘Day of Immunology') and an exciting work on an oral treatment for Diabetes.Dr Shane is joined in the studio this week by EAGG colleague Dr Ailie and Dr Caleb Dawson.Dr Holly Anderton Senior Postdoctoral Fellow from Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, discusses the complexity of the skin microenvironment and skin immunology.Dr Claire Gordon Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Infectious Diseases Physician at Austin Health, Clinical Lead at North-eastern Public Health Unit and Director of the Australian Donation and Transplantation Biobank, explains the importance and sophisticated nature of the immune system, T Cell research in humans and organ donation for research.Professor Charlotte Conn a Biophysical Chemist from RMIT University, joins the team to discuss a new oral capsule treatment delivery system which is being developed for Diabetes right here in Australia.The team finish with some science news, including recent findings regarding a common Fungi which breaks down plastics in 140 days.

Immune discusses the current understanding of immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines, which supersedes that of any other acute infectious disease. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Cynthia Leifer, Steph Langel, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts. RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server COVID-19 immune memory (Imm Rev) Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

Pavlos has improved T-Cell blood counts, sleep, energy levels, body fat, mental state (better outlook on life), skin condition (he has cutaneous T-cell lymphoma [CTCL] and the frequency/occurrence of skin lesions/patches were nearly zero), and physique on the carnivore diet. Timestamps: 00:00 Trailer 00:50 Introduction 06:21 Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma 09:12 Dietary changes 18:13 Going on the carnivore diet 23:04 Current diet 26:25 Mental health on the carnivore diet 29:28 Veganism in Crete 33:10 Sunbathing 34:50 Interacting with physicians 36:29 What caused Pavlos to go vegan 42:08 Cuisine in Crete 47:04 Libido 49:17 New business ventures See open positions at Revero: https://jobs.lever.co/Revero/ Join Carnivore Diet for a free 30 day trial: https://carnivore.diet/join/ Book a Carnivore Coach: https://carnivore.diet/book-a-coach/ Carnivore Shirts: https://merch.carnivore.diet Subscribe to our Newsletter: https://carnivore.diet/subscribe/ . ‪#revero #shawnbaker #Carnivorediet #MeatHeals #HealthCreation   #humanfood #AnimalBased #ZeroCarb #DietCoach  #FatAdapted #Carnivore #sugarfree  ‪

In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses modelling the adjustment of COVID-19 response and exit from dynamic zero-COVID in China, canine real-time detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the context of a mass screening event, two masks can be worse than one: N95 respirator failure caused by an overlying face mask, airflow patterns in double-occupancy patient rooms may contribute to roommate-to-roommate transmission of severe SARS-CoV-2, clinical validation of a novel T-Cell receptor sequencing assay for identification of recent or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages is reduced in convalescent sera, regardless of the infecting variant, VV116 versus Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir for oral treatment of Covid-19, Nirmatrelvir plus Ritonavir for early COVID-19 in a U.S. health system, Molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 at increased risk of adverse outcomes, higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypoxia but not requiring ventilatory support, FDA approves Roche's Actemra (tocilizumab) for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults, structural brain changes in post-acute COVID-19 patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction, persistent post–COVID-19 smell loss is associated with immune cell infiltration and altered gene expression in olfactory epithelium, epidemiology of long COVID in US adults, persistent symptoms and sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection not requiring hospitalization, and outpatient treatment of Covid-19 with metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine and the development of Long Covid over 10-month follow-up. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Modeling the adjustment of COVID-19 response and exit in China (Nature) Canine real-time detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections in mass screening events (BMJ) N95 respirator failure caused by an overlying face mask (ICHE) Airflow in patient rooms may contribute to transmission of severe SARS-CoV-2 (CID) Clinical validation of a T-Cell receptor for identification of recent or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (CID) Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages (Cell) VV116 vs. Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir for oral treatment of Covid-19 (NEJM) Nirmatrelvir plus Ritonavir for early COVID-19 in a U.S. health system (ACP) Molnupiravir as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 (The Lancet) Higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with hypoxia but not requiring ventilatory support (medRxiv) FDA approves Tocilizumab for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adults (Roche) Structural brain changes in post-acute COVID-19 patients with olfactory dysfunction (Annals) Paxlovid patient eligbiliity screening checklist (FDA) Persistent post–COVID-19 smell loss association (Science) Epidemiology of long COVID in US adults (CID) Persistent symptoms & sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection not requiring hospitalization (OFID) Outpatient treatment of COVID-19 with metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine & the development of long COVID (medRxiv) Contribute to our MicrobeTV fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 970 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Cindy, Steph, Brianne, and Vincent review some of their favorite immunology papers of 2022. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Cynthia Leifer, Steph Langel, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts. RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode CAR T for SLE (Nat MEd) Maternal gut microbiome induced IgG (Sci Immunol) Long-primed germinal centers (Nature) Fc mediated protection against SARS-CoV-2 VOC (bioRxiv) Dark side of macrophages (Nat Med) Pregnancy and antibody protection against infection (Nature) Regulators of inflammatory response to mRNA vaccines (Nature Immunol) Antibody effector function and protection against RSV (Cell) Color coded antibodies (bioRxiv) Endogenous retroviruses and inflammation (Cell) CD8 T cells and vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 (Sci Immunol) Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

Episode SummaryChimeric antigen receptors, or CARs, repurpose the build-in targeting and homing signals of our immune system to direct T cells to find and eliminate cancers. Although CAR-T cells have transformed the care of liquid tumors in the circulating blood, like B cell leukemia and lymphoma, CAR-T therapy has shown limited efficacy against solid tumors. To unlock the full potential of CAR-T therapies, better receptor designs are needed. Unfortunately, the space of potential designs is too large to check one by one. To design better CARs, Dan and his co-author Camillia Azimi developed CAR Pooling, an approach to multiplex CAR designs by testing many at once with different immune costimulatory domains. They select the CARs that exhibit the best anti-tumor response and develop novel CARs that endow the T cells with better anti-tumor properties. Their methods and designs may help us develop therapies for refractory, treatment-resistant cancers, and may enable CAR-T cells to cure infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and beyond.About the AuthorDuring his PhD in George Church's lab at Harvard Medical School, Dan studied interactions between bacterial transcription and translation, built and measured libraries of tunable synthetic biosensors, and constructed a new version of the E. coli genome capable of incorporating new synthetic amino acids into its proteins. He also built a high-throughput microbial genome design and analysis software platform called Millstone.As a Jane Coffin Childs Postdoctoral Fellow at UCSF, Dan is currently applying these high-throughput synthetic approaches to engineer T cells for the treatment of cancer and autoimmune disease. He is also working in the Bluestone, Roybal, and Marson labs.Key TakeawaysBy genetically engineering the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), T cells can be programmed to target new proteins that are markers of cancer, infectious diseases, and other important disorders.However, to realize this vision, more powerful CARs with better designs are needed - current CAR-T therapies have their restraints, including limited performance against solid tumors and lack of persistence and long-term efficacy in patients.An important part of the CAR response is “costimulation,” which is mediated by the 4-1BB or CD28 intracellular domains in all CARs currently in the clinic. Better designs of costimulatory domains could unlock the next-generation of CAR-T therapies.Since there are so many possibilities for costimulatory domain designs, it's difficult to test them all in the lab.Based on his experience in the Church Lab, Dan has developed tools to “multiplex” biological experiments; that is, to test multiple biological hypotheses in the same experiment and increase the screening power.Dan and his co-author Camillia Azimi developed “CAR Pooling”, a multiplexed approach to test many CAR designs at once.Using CAR Pooling, Dan tested 40 CARs with different costimulatory domains in pooled assays and identified several novel cosignaling domains from the TNF receptor family that enhance persistence or cytotoxicity over FDA-approved CARs.To characterize the different CARs, Dan also used RNA-sequencing.ImpactThe CAR Pooling approach may enable new, potent CAR-T therapies that can change the game for solid tumors and other cancers that are currently tough to treat.Highly multiplexed approaches like CAR Pooling will allow us to build highly complex, programmable systems and design the future of cell engineering beyond CAR-T.In addition to new therapeutics, high-throughput studies will allow us to understand the “design rules” of synthetic receptors and improve our understanding of basic immunology.Paper: Pooled screening of CAR T cells identifies diverse immune signaling domains for next-generation immunotherapies 

This week Randall sits down with Robert Duran from Encinitas, CA. Robert's inspiring story fighting pancreatic cancer while never losing his community and cycling spirit is lesson to us all to continue pedaling forward in life. Episode Sponsor: Hammerhead Karoo 2 (promo code: thegravelride) Robert's Links: https://pancan.org https://robertduranduran.com https://www.pancan.org/stories/not-just-a-patient-a-survivor/https://youtu.be/fS9Q1BT8Za0 Support the Podcast Join The Ridership  Automated Transcription, please excuse the typos: Robert Duran [00:00:00] Craig Dalton: Hello, and welcome to the gravel ride podcast, where we go deep on the sport of gravel cycling through in-depth interviews with product designers, event organizers and athletes. Who are pioneering the sport I'm your host, Craig Dalton, a lifelong cyclist who discovered gravel cycling back in 2016 and made all the mistakes you don't need to make. I approach each episode as a beginner down, unlock all the knowledge you need to become a great gravel cyclist. This week, I'm handing the microphone off to my co-host Randall Jacobs for an interview with Robert Duran Robert's of four times stage four, metastatic pancreatic cancer survivor. And the cyclist. I think his story is going to be an inspiration to anyone listening. Robert's been through the ringer, but never lets it get him down. He's out there every week, riding his bike, regardless of whether he's getting chemotherapy treatments. Or some experimental drug he's pioneering for the benefit of all those who suffer from pancreatic cancer. As a cancer survivor myself, I really enjoyed hearing about Robert's journey. I certainly drew some parallels to my own experience many years ago. I've included some links in the show notes for how you can learn more about Robert's journey. And a fundraising link for his pan can purple stride campaign. He was the number one individual fundraiser and his teams have garnered over $31,000 in donations for pancreatic cancer research. I hope you'll take a moment after learning Robert's story and donates to his fundraising campaign. Before we jump into rental's conversation with robert i need to thank this week sponsor hammerhead and the hammerhead Karu to computer The hammerhead crew too, is the most advanced GPS cycling computer available today with industry leading mapping navigation and route capabilities that set it apart from other GPS options. Free global maps with points of interest, include things like cafes and campsite means you can explore with confidence and flexibility on the go. I've had a bit of a funky schedule the last few weeks and only had about an hour or so to ride when I've been heading out. And I've really wanted to do something new here in mill valley I've been exploring some of the lesser known fire roads and how they connect to the various paved road neighborhoods in the hillsides, across from my house. And I've been using the crew two's mapping feature, which I've always appreciated having that color screen and the ability to kind of pinch and zoom and move around. Has been instrumental in me unlocking a few new pathways through mill valley, which has been a lot of fun. I remember at one point in my first ride thinking about exploring and I was about to pull out my phone to use that big screen, to find the road in the trail and how they connected. And I remembered the hammerheads got that same kind of screen resolution as a mobile phone. So I was able to kind of pinch in, find the trail where it was going to connect and navigate through this neighborhood. I've never been in, it was a lot of fun. And while it wasn't the purest of pure gravel rides, it was a real fun adventure for me when I only had a small amount of time. As I've said before. Hammerheads mapping functionality is really where one of the areas where it shines big time for me, I remember in the original device, that was what blew me away. And now that they've reduced the footprint in the size of the device. It's spot on exactly what you need. You know, you can customize it as much as you want in terms of what's on the screen. You can set up as many different swipeable screens as you like. It also has the buttons on the side. So if you've got a glove that doesn't have any capacitive touch to it, You can still navigate. Through your hammerhead. I encourage you to give the hammer head to look. It was Nanda, bicycling magazines. Editor's choice award for GPS cycling computers the last two years, and continues to collect accolades from many more people beyond myself. For a limited time, our listeners can get a free heart rate monitor with the purchase of our hammer. Head to computer, simply visit hammerhead.io right now and use the code, the gravel ride at checkout to get yours today. This is an exclusive limited time offer only for my podcast listeners. So don't forget to use that promo code, the gravel ride, and that's a free heart rate monitor with the purchase of the hammerhead crew to go to hammerhead.io, add both items to your cart, insert that promo code, the gravel ride. And the price of the heart rate monitor will disappear. Big. Thanks to hammerhead for continuing to sponsor the show. And with that, let's hand the mic over to Randall and his conversation with Robert Duran. [00:04:37] Randall R. Jacobs: Robert Duran, welcome to the podcast. [00:04:40] Robert Duran: Thank you, Randall. How are you? [00:04:41] Randall R. Jacobs: I'm doing well. I'm really glad to be finally having this conversation. You're somebody who I've had the pleasure of interacting with in a couple of different forums. So far, both as one of our riders and then as a member of the, the ridership community. And as I've gotten to know your story, I've just found it really compelling. And I thought it'd be a, a great story to tell here on the pod. So thanks for coming on. [00:05:02] Robert Duran: Thanks for asking me finally get a chance to tell my story that that I'd been asked to tell over and over again for the past eight years, but, [00:05:09] Randall R. Jacobs: Yeah. [00:05:10] Robert Duran: glad I'm here. [00:05:11] Randall R. Jacobs: yeah, I would imagine it gets it gets repetitive. You have kind of your, your canned responses or what have you, and, and, you know, today we'll just have a, have a conversation about, Who you are and how you got here. And maybe we can just start with just give us a little bit of background about yourself both in a general sense. And in terms of your relationship with the bike. [00:05:31] Robert Duran: Great. Let's, let's do this. I, I think I'll start top down. I think bottom line is let's see, I'm an old guy. Yeah, it's, it's really funny. I'll, I'll back into that later, but yeah. I I've, I, I live here in Encinitas and I've been here for about 16 years now, but I lived all over the world. My dad was in the United States Navy. He joined the Navy to escape from the Philippines. Know the country had invaded. His country in his village and did horrible things when he was child. So he knew he needed to get out to live in a better place. So he made his way to the United States and he had my two sisters and myself, I'm the middle child. And and so basically I, basically was Had a very interesting childhood, but through all that and that's another story by the way. I I lived here in two thou. I got here in 2004. From the bay area, I lived in the bay area and I was doing a lot of.com, a lot of high tech stuff, and it was great, but I left the bay area to move to the beach, to just have more of a quiet, relaxing lifestyle. But I still hung onto technology. But it was a good trade off. Right. So I got married, had two kids. And then roughly, I would say 10 years later, I was diagnosed with my terminal disease and I've been living ever since, and it's been eight years now. So that's kind of like me as far as you know, the beginning so we can take it wherever you want to, because this could be a really, really long story. [00:07:09] Randall R. Jacobs: Sure. Yeah. And so this your diagnosis, what year was that? [00:07:14] Robert Duran: 2014 It was 2014. A matter of fact the thing that I love the most is is what helped the diagnosis. I was losing weight and I had indigestion and I had bouts with nausea once a week or so this was roughly late 2013. And whenever I would overindulge. Food, so to speak. I would feel a little bit of heartburn, little pain in my stomach, and I thought, well, maybe it was too much habanero I live in San Diego. They, they make really good breakfast burritos, you know? And and and so I, I just did what the normal person would do. Just go to two the pharmacy and just get semantic acids and whatnot, and didn't work. Sometimes it would get better, but it would progress. So one, one day a week I would feel nauseous and then it would go two times a week and it would go three times a week. And so eventually it got to the point where I had to go see my GP. And they kind of did just the normal testing, which is what they normally do based on protocol, which is a good thing. Right. I could talk about protocol being a good thing and a bad thing, but it's necessary. It it's what moves the millions of people through the health system on a daily basis. Right. And it gets us to where we are today. But after a month and a half of that just didn't work and A lot of testing, a lot of antibiotics, a lot of things, just take this, come back see how you feel. And, and by then, what we didn't know was I had a tumor in my, in my pancreas that was just growing. It was doubling. I mean, it was, it was growing pretty fast to the point where it was closing my part of my upper Gira. So there's the, after the stomach, there's the Geogen and there's the, there's a duo num where it takes that first turn. And then there's the second turn and that's where all the food gets absorbed. So to speed all the nutrients right after it comes down from the stomach, and that was closed off because the tumor was just getting too big and eventually I kept losing weight and they couldn't find it, but I was pretty heavy at that time because I had kids and I gained weight. Yeah. Yeah. I gained a bit of weight, so I was happy to lose weight. I really was. And so I was riding, I kept riding and there's a local crew that I ride with on Tuesdays and Wednesdays. And we went on a, on a 30 mile ride and I was riding, riding, riding. I did really well was drinking water on the bike and I got home and I tried to rehydrate, like we always do. Right. And And I ate again and tried to get the calories back in me that evening. I ended up throwing up and that's pretty much my life for three weeks was laying on the bathroom floor on my side, withering in pain until my body would force the food and liquids that I consum. The entire day out, and then I would feel better, but then it would just repeat. So if you can imagine going on a ride and never hydrating yourself and never giving and never filling yourself back up with the energy in the calories and the nutrients. That's what put me in the hospital. I had double kidney failure. I had li I had liver failure. Sorry. I had double kidney failure. Yep. And then I had liver failure. I, my body was just done. And that's when they found that I had a tumor after a few tests, the doctor at the, at the emergency room came back and said, Robert, your insides are kinked like an inner tube, and that's why you can't eat. And that was the first time I realized what was going on. He put it to me in terms. Bike terms, like we all know what a kinked inner tube is, and we know what it looks like when you frame, when you pump up that inner tube, it's just it's kinked. And so that's why, when I was eating, nothing was going down, nothing was being absorbed. And at that point a few more tests later, they confirmed that I had adenoma carcinoma of the pancreas and it was stage three. And yeah, that was the start of my journey. [00:11:37] Randall R. Jacobs: And stage three is to clarify for those who might not know, what does stage three mean and how many stages are there? [00:11:44] Robert Duran: Well, stage one through four four being its metastasized whatever you had inside you has now metastasized traveled, so to speak to other parts of your body and it's no longer local. And when that happens, That means that cancer has spread. In my case it was stage three, which means that it did spread outside of the immediate local area where my tumor was living, which was in my pancreas, in the middle part of my pancreas, but it actually sucked up part of my upper GI tract because of the way the GI is positioned near the pancreas. The pancreas is behind your stomach, so to speak. And so. The tumor was growing and it was blocking my upper GI tract. So nothing was going down and my pancreas was inflame, stretching it stretching it, I would say, not vertical, but horizontally kinking, my upper GI tract. So, and yep. No, because it had spread outside of the actual immediate area. Involved other body parts. It was stage three. So, yeah, and the sooner you catch any cancer, right? The better chance you have to, you could survive. But once it's later, stage three, stage four, you know, the odds drop. I was, I was told that the chance for me to survive at the time when I was diagnosed in 2014 was. 6% five [00:13:17] Randall R. Jacobs: a five year survival. [00:13:19] Robert Duran: five year survival rate was 6% with the majority of those diagnosed with pancreatic cancer pass within three to six months because pancreatic cancer is discovered out of all cancers pretty much late because it disguises itself. And so, yeah, I had a lot of work in front of me, but that's how it happened. [00:13:42] Randall R. Jacobs: What was, I mean, obviously that is a, a hugely traumatic thing to find out. And yet here you are. And one of the things that I have noted about you and, and that really made me wanna to, to bring you on was just your. The positive attitude you bring to life and your kindness towards others and your enthusiasm, and the fact that you are still going strong. And in fact are probably a much stronger rider than many of our listeners despite the ongoing treatments that you have. So I'd love to hear a bit more about that. What was your, your, you know, emotional journey with this or spiritual journey with this? [00:14:18] Robert Duran: You know, I I've struggled with trying to identify why I've been able to react the way I I did. And a lot of it is learned, right. Trials and tribulations. A lot of it was probably what. I was born with and how my dad, my mom, my parents brought me up. And so I, I think it's, it's a mental part that was ingrained in me since I was born. And a lot of it was when my parents first came here, it was like, Robert, you are responsible for your life, your happiness, you create your world. Don't depend on anyone to give that to you, but love right. And will help. And so, I said, okay. And of course I didn't listen. Right. You know, you're a kid, your parents tell you all kinds of things. Right? I can't remember how many times I didn't take the trash out. My dad would wake me up at, you know, seven o'clock in the morning. The trash comes at 7 0 5 on purpose. [00:15:23] Randall R. Jacobs: Yeah. [00:15:24] Robert Duran: up outta bed. Did you take the trash out last night? And he knew I didn't so I'm outed in my PJs, chasing the trash truck with the trashcans. Trying to dump it in. So those things were kind of ingrained in me. And so when I was first diagnosed, I, I didn't really question, oh, woe is me. Why did this happen to me? Right. It was like, okay, news, Robert this is bad. You're in serious problem. You're you're in serious trouble. But put that aside. How do you engineer yourself to get out of this? And that's the switch that, that had to turn on in my mental space to allow me to be in the space, to fight this and to be where I'm at today and to live my life. And I think a lot of it was just conditioning to the things that happened to you. And I think that's true in everyday life. I've learned that I've learned to be able to vocalize how to, how to live. Now, when all these little things come at you, because with my disease, the trivial things don't matter anymore. , you know, every time things happen to me that are things that I cannot control. You know, whether it's the old lady or man at the grocery store buying groceries. And then there's a line five, 10 deep, and they're price checking every other item, and then it's time for them to pay. And they say, I'm gonna pay using a check [00:17:07] Randall R. Jacobs: Yeah. [00:17:08] Robert Duran: but I'm gonna split it. I'm gonna use two checks. I mean, who uses checks these days still? Right. But those are the things, right. And I'm like, you know, I love it cuz you know why? Because every day that happens to me is every day that I'm alive, the day that I don't get that is the day I'm dead. And so those things automatically just go in and out the other and let that person have their day. I have no idea what they're experiencing. Right. They could be buying groceries for someone who just got COVID or who had COVID or has COVID. I mean, you just don't know. So anyway, Long story show that's my mental space. And that's what I had to do to fight this. And and I think every day what do I say to my friends? I said, when I was diagnosed, I said, I made a deal. I said, you know what? I'll take the next five years. Cuz five years was the mortality rate they gave me. I said, I'll take the next five years of my life at 150%. Then the next 50 years at 75%, because I don't want to be around with no regrets. You never know what tomorrow's gonna bring or, or, or take away. So, so do it. [00:18:29] Randall R. Jacobs: When this seems to be a common theme amongst. People who have some sort of wake up sort of moments where it's my father was diagnosed with glioblastoma when I was 24 and he took a very similar attitude. And that's another one where it's caught very, you know, it's always caught very late. He was stage four. He didn't have very much time. And he said, okay, well here, you know, like I don't have control over this circumstance other than, you know, I can go through treatments and so on. But I'm going to make the most of the time that I have, I'm going to let go of that need to try to, to fix this situation. And I'm going to connect with my family and I'm gonna connect with my friends and I'm gonna spend this time getting my affairs in order. So that those that I love. Are are okay when I'm gone. And he had that, that clarity and that, that comfort when he was, you know, in his case, it was, there was no like Leo bus told me you don't. You know, it's usually eight months or so, and the five year survival is next to di now you, as a, in, in part is, you know, probably a mix of attitude and genes and the particulars of your tumor and some good fortune of, of living in the age in which we do. You've managed to survive long enough to have access to some pretty bleeding edge treatments that have helped to not just prolong your health, but prolong your life, but also prolong your health. I mean, I, I don't know what you go through every day, but just looking at you and hearing about how you ride and how you get out. I mean, it's, it's not obvious, it's not obvious that you have anything going. other than maybe the fact that like, you know, we both, we're both bald, but, but you know, I, you don't have eyebrows cuz of the, the, the, the treatment, otherwise you would never know. So I'm curious tell, tell me more about like what that journey has been like. [00:20:16] Robert Duran: The So the journey, the journey has been interesting. And I've been, I've been lucky. I've been lucky to have friends in the medical industry friends and friends of friends who are in the position to actually speak as experts. You hear that nowadays, right? Who's an expert. And the experts I'm talking about that I've been so lucky to be just blessed to have in my life are, are ones that are actually pancreatic cancer surgeons nurse practitioners who are case managers for surgeons particularly in institutions that are, or were at one. The comprehensive number one Institute for, for treating cancer in the United States. But I didn't go there. I was able to get advice and I wish this advice was just available out to everybody because there's just so much noise when you're on the internet, you know, you Google things and all you hear is things from experts, right? And so one has to. Decipher that, but you don't know, you don't know. Right. So the, the one thing that I was told by a friend of mine was Robert. You want to go to the best surgeon? And my question was, well, how do I know who's the best surgeon? And he goes, well, That's the challenge, but I'll tell you who the best surgeon is. because I'm gonna know, but, you know, if you stick with the major institutions the east coast, right on the west coast you will find them. And those are really easy to find, right. And again, but that's almost like self self-selecting, because if you are in the middle of the United States in areas, Just don't have access to healthcare. Where do you go? Because there are different levels of medical I guess institutions that just aren't top notch. Right? It's almost like if I put this in bike terms, right there, there are some bicycle bike shops that right. Upset. Right, [00:22:26] Randall R. Jacobs: Yeah. Throw, throw a leg over it. Oh, that looks about right. [00:22:29] Robert Duran: right, right. Yeah. Right. Yeah. [00:22:31] Randall R. Jacobs: the medical, the medical treatment equivalent of that of like, okay, well, this is what we got. And so this is what we'll provide you. I, I definitely have seen. And, and my sisters work in, in medical here in the Boston area at the Brigham which Dana Farber is part of. So Brigham and women's hospital is a big teaching hospital associated with Harvard. And then Dana Farber is the cancer Institute within there. And just the. The access, the, the, the, the access that, that I have in that anyone connected with someone working there has, and the privilege associated with that is, is significant. It is a major advantage having those types of people on your team. [00:23:07] Robert Duran: It? Yes, it is. And so, frankly, I was told if you're gonna have a surgeon, that's gonna cut you open. You don't want to have a surgeon that opens you up and says, oh, bleep. Okay. I think we can fix this. Let me go out for consult or I don't know, but then you're already exposed. Cut. Right? And then they close you back up. They say, you're not a candidate, but then now you have to endure. The recovery things that happen during the surgery that are high risk procedures. And so those are the things that I see often and sometimes, sometimes the protocol of just diagnosing first level, second level standard of care. Those are basic. Any doctor could really do that, but having the ability to change on a dime, whether this particular treatment is working for you or not have the confidence level to say, we're gonna switch to a second line of treatment and then being able to manage that because often more times than not, well, I'm not a doctor. I'm not gonna say that often. The chemotherapy and the treatment itself to kill the cancer treat. You will kill you right before the cancer will. And in this first world country, it's kind of barbaric and archaic. That chemotherapy has been around for a number of decades and it has not changed. But I went through first line in second line chemotherapy. I went through all kinds of treatment and I've been able to exercise throughout and recover. And show my doctor that I'm a fighter and that I'm the type of patient that if they were to maybe extend the extra chance of maybe give him that treatment, because we know you're that type of a fighter and your body recovers really well. I don't know if that plays played a part of, of, of, of whether I passed through the two boards or not, but I got my surgeries and having surgery. When you are, have gone when you are metastatic, not once, not twice, three times is very rare. And so I think it's a combination. And now that I have a chance to move into a new cutting edge surgery, because I've been around so long for a lack of a better word, I failed first line, second line FDA approved treatment methods for my cancer. I was able to. Get this new treatment called car T, which we could talk about later. And I just wish more patients were able to get this treatment, but right now it's the early stages. And now I have to be a Guinea pig. I don't know what's going to happen, but I'm gonna be a, be a Guinea pig for science to not only help myself, but also at the same time, help other patients. And not only pancrea, we had cancer patients, but patients that have solid tumor. This can possibly change the way that cancer is treated in the future and chemo will be long gone. So we'll see. I, I don't know. I may be here in a couple years. I may not, but I'm gonna ride [00:26:27] Randall R. Jacobs: yeah, [00:26:29] Robert Duran: and do what I do. And it's been eight years. So. [00:26:33] Randall R. Jacobs: change the things you can accept the things that you can't change and Have the wisdom to know the difference and find serenity in that practice. [00:26:39] Robert Duran: That's true because a sprained ankle only hurts when you think about it. [00:26:44] Randall R. Jacobs: Yeah, it's I mean, what I hear and, and, you know, I've, I've also, you know, I have fortunately not experienced this myself, but I've seen it in live, in loved one's journeys with, with such a, you know, such an ailment is you know, there's the, the. The inner work that has to be done to remain resilient and to be compliant with treatment and to not lose hope and to keep, I mean, to keep the, the mental state healthy, such that you don't have further decline in the physiological state due to, you know, depression and stress and anxiety and all the things that that do wear you down. And then this other element of, you know, there's a political element, right? Making making yourself out to be a strong candidate for a doctor or a researcher who has a lot riding on whatever this this treatments that they're, they're developing you know, and this, in this big money involved in this too. And so if they're going to take that risk and have you be one of the statistics that they're going to use to hopefully get this treatment furthered and approved, you know, they want to know that they get the best chance possible. And that means. You know, being compliant with treatment, coming with a good attitude, remaining, healthy, doing all the right things. And so like that two-sided element is, is something that I, I definitely see very clearly in you. And it's not, it's like a mix of good fortune, but then also you had to create the circumstances where good fortune could, could come to you where you'd still be around for it. [00:28:17] Robert Duran: Yeah, no, no. I mean, you, you said it perfectly Randall. I mean, I mean, I did go through standards of care first line, second line, and I rode my bike to chemo the first, well, actually the first time I got chemo, I had some bad reaction to it. I had anaphylactic like shock. Reaction. But after that, we can control it with certain drugs. I rode my bike, I rode my bike to my labs, and then I rode my bike to chemo and I would ride my bike after chemo, like Thursdays. I have chemo. It's a three hour deal. And after I'm done with chemo, my mind is telling me I'm tired, I'm tired. Right. But I have to recognize that and say, well, yes, you are tired. Fair enough. But you know, what's gonna not make you tired. Right. Moving your legs, getting some activity, breathing, getting aerobic activity. And so I force myself to ride. Then I ride and I get back, I feel so much better. And then that's my life. And if I don't have my bike with me every time I tell myself I'm tired, I go, oh, let me go for a walk. And when I first was diagnosed, can only make it maybe 50 feet, 50 yards or, or after my surgery, 50 yards, 10 yards in back. That was accomplishment sense of accomplishment. Right. And part of that is probably my cycling mentality or whatever it is ingrained in, in us that just, just wanna keep going. Right. And, and I think, I think someone could be, what's the word I'm looking for? Someone's attitude could maybe put them in a better position to accept those challenges, or someone can learn that, or someone may not ever learn that. But I'm lucky in that sense. That was my attitude. Just do it right? [00:30:27] Randall R. Jacobs: There's a, I mean, for, for me. And I've talked about this before you. The bicycle is a rolling meditation and as a, a practice a discipline in the truest sense. And you know, the number, I mean, certainly my experience with the bike has been one of you know, in periods of, of, you know, difficulty with mental health. It's like, okay, I feel depressed today. I don't want to get out of bed. Right. Everything feels dark. I'm gonna get on my bike and it's going to be, I expect that it's going to be hard. And in fact, I expect that, you know, over the course of this, this ride, I might feel miserable the entire time, but I'm gonna go out because I know that this practice will, will give it has rewards. If it is, if it is adhered to. Just like other practices around this. And so, I mean, adding the element of, of severe physiological distress, if I would imagine with chemo like nausea and things like this, or, you know, that, that that's a whole other element. But I, I, I love how, how the bicycle offers this, this kind of vehicle for working through things. And like committing to the bike is not simply about, it's not about the bike. It's not about even exercise or, or, or, or fitness or things like that. It's literally like the simple act of getting in the saddle and turning the pedals over is in a way proving to one's self that, you know, one is still board and, and committed to moving forward. [00:31:58] Robert Duran: that's. That is true. The nausea, the pain, everything goes away, even when I'm on the bike it, your, your mind. Just transforms. Right. And it's the act of doing it, like you said puts you in that happy space. And I can't stress that enough. Even the neuropathy neuropathy is a side effect of chemotherapy it's you and your nerves are just over excited. Whether, because they're being affected because of the drugs or the nurse are dying, whatever, right. You just, if. The reason why I don't surf anymore is because if I get hit with my surfboard it normally it's. Okay. Right. But it feels like I'm getting hit with a sledge hammer, everything hurts. And whenever you drink cold water, warm water. I, I mean, it, it feels like you're swallowing shards of glass, but even on the bike, the wind seems to just go through my skin and directly into my nerves. And your whole body feels. If you're in the dentist chair, the dentist hits a nerve and it just feels like that big shriek of pain that your body just, it goes through your body, your mind. At least my mind, it just forgets, especially on a windy day, if it's, it doesn't matter. My [00:33:12] Randall R. Jacobs: it's just noise. [00:33:13] Robert Duran: to just ignore. I think there's that mental SP the mind is very powerful. It, it causes you to do things and not do things and endure things. As long as you channel that for a positive objective, whatever it is, I think it's, it's fine to do that to reason [00:33:30] Randall R. Jacobs: yeah. Yeah, of course. I mean the extreme pain may be very, very hard to block out, but it makes, it reminds me of if you ever like put a, a cup of vinegar under your nose, that really strong vinegar smell, but after like 30 seconds, you can't smell it anymore. It's just background noise, your body recalibrates and. You know, in, in with regards to, I mean, you're describing physiological pain you know, psychological psychospiritual pain as well. There is some degree of a building of a tolerance and being able to have this thing that is so front and center. So like in the middle of one's attention and just be like, okay, this is here. I accept it. But have it kind of off to the side a little bit, and being able to focus on other things like the right. And, and I think that the bike, you know, the, the flowing through the environment, the, the, the sinking of one's breathing and one's cadence and one's heartbeat as one is, is, is going and, and traveling, it really is, is very centering and very grounding. [00:34:27] Robert Duran: Oh, no yeah, I can relate to that Randall. I, I mean, I, the words you had mentioned about just even just being aware of your heartbeat and your breathing and just, just being in tune in that space and being in that zone is, is, is, is, is a good feeling, but it's also dangerous but I mean, I was just up in Colorado, hiking up Was it saw wash, they call it mountain range up in the Rocky mountain park. About before Estes park. I, I think it was up there a few days last week I got as high as 12,500 feet. And and I live here at sea level and I thought I had acclimatized and I have. Chemotherapy induced anemia. I just have low red blood cells. If you look at my red blood cells, they're below the lowest they're below. I mean, this I'm dead. Right. But I can still bike and I can still cycle, but I left, I left the thesis at home. Okay. It was painful, but I left it at home and I said, okay, I can't ride a bike. And I go, well, I can rent one. I go, no, no, it was too much of our deal. Let me just hike. And so I got to. 12,500 feet. And you know, you feel your heart, you feel your lungs, you feel your, everything just beating outta your chest. And then it's like, this is so great. Cuz I'm I'm so in tune with my body. and having that the endorphines right. And the do just all that is just, this is even more intense, but I realized I needed to get back down because I am immunocompromised. I have comorbidity. And so I had to scramble back down to 2000 feet to, to kind of, to bounce myself out. But yeah feeling one with your body and just, just knowing that it's there and there's a way you can control it to a certain extent. You know, it's probably part of the reason why some people do, you know, I don't know. I don't know, but, but I think that's the space that I get myself into and it allows me to deal with the triggering mechanisms of every day life to realize that that, you know, those things really don't matter. What matters is, is, is your body your mind? Than others. Right. And you could be very hardcore and you could be very, very, very, very strong when it comes to just defense be very physical, but you can also be very caring and loving and you can also be very empathetic to others. And to have all that in one package is, is, is, is, is what I strive. That's where my community service and just giving back to the community too. All those that have helped me just helps. I just, I love if there's any way that I can help others. I always. Thought that maybe I could show up at a beach here, you know, in Southern California with a bunch of these bikes that you can ride on the sand. Maybe you have balloon tires. I don't know. And just invite survivors or cancer survivors or anybody who's dealing with something just to ride these bikes and just forget their trials and tribulations for just that one. 15 minute, 30 minute ride. Right. And if you could just trick your mind to be in that space cuz you remember what you felt like, then you don't really need those apparatus to get into that happy space. But now I'm talking really crazy stuff here, but [00:37:54] Randall R. Jacobs: Yeah, the the context switching, being able to view whatever it is that one is struggling with or ruminating on, or that seems overwhelming from a different, from a different perspective, like getting out of that, that, that doom filled head space and into like, oh, this is still here. Like this head space is still here. Feeling of connection with my body is still here or feeling what connection or purpose or meaning is still is still available, but I have to actively choose it. [00:38:26] Robert Duran: Yes. Yes. Yes. And. Yeah, I, I have this thing I might be by, I might digressing here a little bit, but [00:38:40] Randall R. Jacobs: Digressions are very welcome. [00:38:43] Robert Duran: I, I, I discovered this thing when I was first diagnosed and it's actually a really simple thing that I, that I did that I was, I as driving down the I five in Southern California. I had a doctor's appointment to go to see my oncologist and I just plotted myself in the right lane, cuz I had nowhere to go. I mean, I had taken disability. I was no longer working. All that mattered was me just fighting my terminal disease. And I just stuck in the right lane. I wasn't in a hurry anymore. go figure. Right. And and people were getting into my. and people were trying to, yeah, they were trying to get into my lane from the freeway entrance on the right side. And they were trying to get into notice how I say my lane from the left lane from the left side. And I, I constantly had to like break or let them in or switch lanes. And I said, you know what, Robert, you have nowhere to go, just let that person in. Right. And so I just did that. And when I had to go to the left lane, I put my left blinker on and, but someone else would speed up and not let me get in. And it be, it became a game to me and it was like, oh wow, every time this happened, cuz this was almost like rush hour traffic. My brain was telling me, you know, that's a obvious, I know Dick move. [00:40:17] Randall R. Jacobs: Yeah. [00:40:18] Robert Duran: right. And [00:40:19] Randall R. Jacobs: there's aggression there. There's there's my uh, there's a violation of, of, of expectations of the rules of, of my boundaries or what have you. [00:40:28] Robert Duran: yeah. And they're out to get me. Right. I need to protect myself, but I thought, well, Robert, you've got other things to worry about. You're dying. nowhere for you to go. I mean, you just gotta get to see your doctor. And, and so I said, okay, fine. And so from that day on, I kind of realized that I recognized those little trigger mechanisms. I said, just let it go. And so I tell my friends, just drive the right lane, just ride it, just do it for one week. You'll learn a lot by others. And and then you will now know that triggering mechanism. And if you could just trade away to change the pathways and how you react and to that, and stay in that happy space. I guarantee you anything that happens in the future after that one week experiment, you'll be able to deal with things with things a lot. You'll be more equipped to deal with things a lot better than you have been in the past. If you learn something from that experiment, something as simple as that, it's just amazing. [00:41:37] Randall R. Jacobs: Well, and the reality is like, you know, take that experiment and apply it to say somebody who is really like actively intentionally trying to cause harm. And maybe they're causing harm in a significant way, in an ongoing way. Right. You know, we've you know, the, these, these sorts of situations they occur in life. Somebody is, is vengeful. Someone is spiteful. Well guess what? That person is dying too. all of us are dying. None of us are getting out of this alive. And, you know, I, I tend, it's really hard. It's particularly hard when you know, it's, it may, I think it's easier when it's something small and you just like, let it go. But when it's something big, being able to recognize the humanity of other people, like what is it that leads somebody to behave in such a hurtful manner? Well, you know, hurt people, hurt people and, you know, do I have some of those impulses within me? Do I have the good fortune of being aware of those impulses and not having, being able to actively choose not to act them out, laying on the horn or trying to retaliate in some way. You know, that saying that like, holding onto anger is like picking up a hot cold to throw, you know, at the, the, the the party you're angry at, [00:42:49] Robert Duran: Yes. [00:42:50] Randall R. Jacobs: you both get burned [00:42:51] Robert Duran: Yes, yes. [00:42:52] Randall R. Jacobs: and, and the grievance, the grievance cycle continues. And I think that, that I mean, oh, the, the humbling element of being confronted with, with an an illness, like what you are, what you've been you know, living with this whole time. I would imagine it's immensely clarifying. It's not an experience that I have had but it, I, I had. I admire, I admire how you go about it immensely. And I think simply that example is something that is, can, you know, is helpful to others unto itself. And here we have a self-selected audience of people who have gravitated towards the bike for whatever reason. And you know, this is called the gravel ride podcast, but honestly, I, I don't really care all that much about bicycles as much as I have a bicycle company I'm involved in the bicycle podcast. I, I have done projects in the space at the end of the day. Actually, all of this is really about you know, creating vehicles for people to live better. And so, Yeah, I am glad that, that we got to have you on. And I would like to have a follow on you know, downstream after your treatment and actually before you know, let's take a little bit more time here. Tell, tell us a little bit more about what you have ahead of you. [00:44:09] Robert Duran: All right. After the multiple surgeries that I've had to undergo after the multiple chemo treatments that I've had to undergo the multiple recoveries I am now. Getting this treatment and it started yesterday where they are going to now say, look, it, chemo has worked in the past, but it keeps coming back. So it's basically failed as far as the cure is concerned. Cuz chemo is never really a cure. It's just kind of a treatment, right? [00:44:51] Randall R. Jacobs: Suppression suppressing the, the multiplication of cells, but at the same time, doing that across all of your cells, it just so happens that your cancer cells are replicating more quickly. And so it kills more of them. Isn't that [00:45:03] Robert Duran: Yes. [00:45:03] Randall R. Jacobs: the high level of chemo. [00:45:05] Robert Duran: Yes. And, and, and it's, it's good that one of my oncologists has said that I actually do have some T-cell memory. T-cells are the hunter immunity cells that kill all of the foreign objects in your body. Right. It's just one of the white blood cells. Right? You have others. And my T-cells has the ability to fight my cancer. Everybody who has cancer, your body just basically reco does not recognize it is just a UN unchecked growth of cells that just keep growing and just affect other organs or crowd other good cells. So they can't do the good things to your body. And and so what's happening is. Like you said chemo was systemic. It goes through your kidneys. It's goes through your, I mean, I made it it's bad. It, it, I mean, my fingernails are finally recovering, but they were all black. Like I had black, [00:46:00] Randall R. Jacobs: Hmm. [00:46:01] Robert Duran: Nail Polish [00:46:01] Randall R. Jacobs: and, and you didn't have cancer in your fingernails, but the treatment goes there because [00:46:06] Robert Duran: that treatment goes [00:46:07] Randall R. Jacobs: nature of these types of boot force treatments. [00:46:11] Robert Duran: chemo kills cells that are, that are, that are alive and it's, and, and, and, and it, it, and if you think about it, your, your hair, right, your digestive system has cells, your bone marrow, your bone marrow, and a lot of things come from your bone marrow, right. And your fingernail, everything. And so everything slowly dies. And so we're gonna go and try for the first time ever treat. My cancer, chemos, so to speak, they are going to modify my white blood cells. They're gonna edit reengineer engineer, modify the DNA, whatever you wanna call it. My Tcell and they took my Tcells out a month ago. My white BLIS cells and the scientists in the. What they did was they actually inserted a gene that would give my T-cells an artificial receptor. Right. Like imagine a lock in key. Right. That would actually attach to the spike. That is to my cancer cell in my body. [00:47:21] Randall R. Jacobs: So they had to biopsy your, yeah, they'd take out those T-cells and biopsy the tumor and hopefully they have, it ha those, it will be effective in hitting that particular cell, but then also, hopefully there aren't any EV evolutions of that, that it would not be able to tackle that it wouldn't have the key for in a way. [00:47:41] Robert Duran: Correct? Yes. So, I was able to, they were able to get to my liver to actually biopsy it. Right. And and so it just happened to match a targeted protein which is the antigen that the biopharmaceutical company based in China was studying. It's called CLA 18.2 is the actual protein they're looking for. And so what they're doing. In a nutshells, like you said, they're going to train my immunity system to recognize the specific cancer that I have to amuse my immunity system to just kill it. And so that's the treatment that I'm going to undergo next week? Right now they are killing my immune system. So when they put my own car cells back into me, car being chimeric, antigen receptor these are the modified cells that my immune system won't kill. They want just these car T cells to actually compete for the cancer cell and they wanna suppress everything. So they want these cells to actually target it. So that's, what's going to happen. And eventually, if this does work then who knows how long of of immunity or cancer free? I will be it's possible that I could be cancer free for one year, two years, five years, eight years, 10 years, but it won't be systemic like chemo. I'll be able to ride. I won't have low blood cells. I'll get my eyebrows back. My fingernails will be fine. I won't have all the, the bad side effects and anybody who gets cancer in the future. Initially, if you can just call up the bot principal company and say, this is what I need, you get it shipped over. Right. And then they inject you via IV. Right. And then you get maybe the flu symptoms for two, two or three days, and then you're. That's the future. We'll see if we get there, [00:49:24] Randall R. Jacobs: Well, and if, and if it does work long enough for the next wave of, of advancement in that domain, then all of a sudden, you know, you, you think about what's happened with HIV, HIV used to be a death sentence, right? It was a terminal illness. Now it's a chronic illness. And in fact, it's a very livable chronic illness that you can even get to a state where it's suppressed, where you're not likely to transmit it to another person. [00:49:47] Robert Duran: We don't even need a cure as long as you can treat it chronically and have quality of life. Right. Then that's all really cancer patients really hope for and hope is all we got. And I hope that I can help. [00:50:00] Randall R. Jacobs: Is, is this particular I'm curious, is this particular treatment, a derivative of CRISPR CA nine technology? Is that how they're doing the, the editing of the [00:50:09] Robert Duran: I'm going to ask that question and I'll get back to you on a side channel, but I believe it's one of the techniques that they're using to insert the gene, edit it, and then they're also gonna grow it as a second component. So I know there's that portion of it, but this actually came from treating certain types of leukemia. [00:50:25] Randall R. Jacobs: Hmm. [00:50:26] Robert Duran: Yeah. So car T has been around and it's the first time they're jumping to a solid cancer. And this is actually a really great time. I'm actually lucky patient number 13 in the United States to get this and the bike, your thesis Randall Has allowed me right to be in my happy space to fight what I've got to allow me to get, to be receptive to the therapies, to be that person. And You know, hopefully there'll be more of me in the future. [00:50:54] Randall R. Jacobs: I suspect that if someone had given you a shopping cart to ride that you would probably have made the best of it. But I, I appreciate the I appreciate the appreciation, but can't really take any credit for you know, for what you've been doing. [00:51:05] Robert Duran: well, let me tell you, I was excited. What I got it. I, I wrote, I wrote every day I wrote things that you shouldn't be writing, you know, on a non suspension bike. Let, let me tell you [00:51:16] Randall R. Jacobs: Which is, which is what it was designed for to, to, to get into trouble. [00:51:21] Robert Duran: Oh, yeah. In trouble I did get into, and my doctor was like, Robert, you have look at, you know, you can't fight these infections as much as you can. You've been on chemo. What are you doing? I go, well, let me tell you what I got. And then, then I got, then I geeked out. Right. He's like, oh, well, okay. But no, thanks for the kind words. I, I really appreciate you giving me the opportunity to at least, you know, share my story. I hope I hope this was worthwhile and, you know, I hope [00:51:49] Randall R. Jacobs: You, it was certainly worthwhile for me. So it helped one person. And I would imagine that the rest of our listeners will enjoy it as well before we hop off. So how do people get in touch with you? Follow you? What organizations you know, would you recommend people check out. [00:52:06] Robert Duran: You know, the easiest way to get ahold of me is through my website. And it's website is really easy to remember. If you're old like me it's Robert Duran, duran.com. [00:52:23] Randall R. Jacobs: So. [00:52:23] Robert Duran: And you could, there's a contact form there. If you wanna get ahold of me, that's fine. I I'd be happy to share any of my stories with you or, or any tips when it comes to fighting cancer in general. But that's, that's how to get hold of me. And I know I'm also affiliated with a nonprofit, by the way. It's it's called pan. Pancreatic cancer network every year we do. A fundraising 5k run and I think it generates anywhere between 20 to 30 million a year annually. [00:52:57] Randall R. Jacobs: Where [00:52:58] Robert Duran: It's every major city in the United States, but of course COVID had a damper the last two years. And so we did a lot of virtual walks in fundraising, which put a damper on the funds that we generate for cancer research, grants, patient services, things like that. But. We had it first time last year after a two year hiatus. And we have it in San Diego at mission bay park. And I, I had a team and I generated $30,000 in, in a month. For cancer research and patient services for this nonprofit. So, anybody's diagnosed with pancrea cancer because you have a one in 67 chance, by the way, everybody male or female to get it in your lifetime. Remember that or if you know, a loved one or a friend, right. Pancan.org. And that's really the only website you really need to go to just to grasp the gravity, you know, of the situation, and they will set you in the right path. And they're one of the big organizations that is one of the reasons why I'm still here and I've met so many people from that organization who are doing wonderful things to help the community. And they've. They've been, they've allowed me to be able to come out of my shell and just tell my story. And I just try and follow the footsteps of those people who are, are trying to help the community in, in that particular segment of life. And I just follow the footsteps of giants. That's what I do. [00:54:23] Randall R. Jacobs: Well, and I'll mention that we'll get these links in the show notes too, and that you are a member of the ridership which is actually how I became aware of this aspect of your life. And so we'll be publishing the episode to the ridership and there'll be some discussion around there. So, you know, if you want to, you know, connect with Robert, then that can be a good place to do so as well. And then before we sign off, I just wanna ask. Whether it be pancreatic cancer or some other major life challenge. What would be your advice to somebody listening today? [00:54:53] Robert Duran: That's a good question. I, I, I think, Hm. I, I think my, my, my key to my key to life me, right. What works for me, I think is, is there's, there's an absolute truth mechanism. That's there. Okay. And that's the absolute truth. And then there's the convenient truth. Try to recognize the absolute truth because when you recognize the absolute truth, then you have a way to deal with it. And these could be little things in life or big things where that's trauma, things like that instead of hiding it, right. I have a terminal disease and I can do what some of others have done hide it. And it just makes things worse and some of these diseases could be manageable could be very simple and they can turn into things that are very drastic. If you do not get help. So seek out organizations that can help you with the trauma that you have. And then one thing that's helped me. I've been to give back give back to others and help every time I help those I feel good about myself. Not because I can post it on the internet and say, Hey, look what I did. Right. And here, you know, look what I'm doing. I'm doing this. No, it's just the act of just being a human being kindness and just having empathy and, and, and being, being, being there for, for, for your fellow man. And I think that goes a long way because, because it doesn't matter what I have. It's what I can give and I'll give until I die. And that's what makes me alive. [00:56:54] Randall R. Jacobs: Robert. Thanks for coming on. This has been wonderful. And I look forward to following up with you, a few months down the road, hearing how things went. [00:57:00] Craig Dalton: That's going to do it for this week's edition of the gravel rod podcast. I hope you enjoyed that interview with Robert Duran. It was great to hear about his journey. We wish him the best of luck. He's a valued member of the community. And as you've heard an amazing and valued member of the Encinitas cycling community, , as well as the pancreatic cancer community. As I mentioned before, I've got a bunch of links in the show notes to help you support Robert's journey and those others fighting this terrible, terrible cancer. Robert's a valued member of the ridership community. So if you're interested in getting in touch with him, simply visit www.theridership.com. That's our free global cycling community. A great way to connect with gravel cyclists from around the world. With all that said. Here's to finding some dirt under your wheels

Betsy was in her library's children's room the other day and a staff member saw her looking perturbed in the easy book section. When she asked what Betsy was looking for, she confessed that what she really needed was a copy of Robert the Rose Horse. Though in the business for many years, Betsy's fellow librarian had not heard of that particular P.D. Eastman collaboration with Joan Heilbroner, and could you blame her? Betsy would have probably have missed it too if (A) She hadn't had children that she read to and (B) She hadn't stumbled on the mighty useful "Big" beginner books from Random House that combined many of Seuss's "I Can Read" titles into a single volume. Today's title comes to us via The Big Red Book of Beginner Books, and it truly lives up to expectations. Betsy promised Kate they'd do a goofy book. She may have actually overdelivered. Show Notes: Betsy got all her thymus and T-Cell information from this information from Radiolab and its episode My Thymus, Myself: https://radiolab.org/episodes/my-thymus-myself For the full Show Notes please visit: https://afuse8production.slj.com/2022/07/18/fuse-8-n-kate-robert-the-rose-horse-by-joan-heilbroner-ill-p-d-eastman/

Bret speaks with Dr. Geert Vanden Bossche in Bath, England, together for the COVID Better Way Conference 2022.Geert Vanden Bossche is a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine who has specialist expertise in virology and vaccinology, Geert has worked in industry in the construction of vaccines, and in the non profit sector working to bring immunity to larger numbers of people.Find Geert:https://www.geertvandenbossche.org/https://twitter.com/GVDBosschehttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_yhGQiJ5lTmOaoIQA91GzA*****Find Bret Weinstein on Twitter: @BretWeinstein, and on Patreon.https://www.patreon.com/bretweinsteinPlease subscribe to this channel for more long form content like this, and subscribe to the clips channel @DarkHorse Podcast Clips for short clips of all our podcasts:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAWCKUrmvK5F_ynBY_CMlIAAll removed videos can be found on Spotify Video and Odysee: https://open.spotify.com/show/57R7dOcs60jUfOnuNG0J1Rhttps://odysee.com/@BretWeinstein:fCheck out the DHP store! Epic tabby, digital book burning, saddle up the dire wolves, and more: http://www.store.darkhorsepodcast.orgTheme Music: Thank you to Martin Molin of Wintergatan for providing us the rights to use their excellent music.*****First DarkHorse Podcast with Dr. Geert Vanden Bossche:https://youtu.be/BNyAovuUxro*****Timestamps:(00:00) Introduction(02:10) Previous predictions(08:06) Mass vaccination during a pandemic(14:40) Sterilizing immunity(17:44) T-Cell immunity(25:52) Narrow immunity to one antigen(36:05) Selection of vaccine-immune escaped variants(38:43) Why are we still mass vaccinating with same antigen?(45:20) Where would we be without the vaccines?(52:41) Spanish Flu and natural immunity(57:53) Why innate immunity decays(01:07:28) Non neutralizing antibodies binding to the spike(01:13:35) Seasonality and age(01:18:02) Geert's hypothesis on ivermectin dosage increase(01:23:07) Will the virus transmit outside?(01:27:23) Where are we now in this pandemic?(01:35:03) Geert's hypothesis(01:41:33) Bret breaks down Geert's hypothesis(01:47:37) A new phase of the pandemic(01:56:28) Advice to the world(02:02:05) Wrap upSupport the show

The T Cell finally uncovers the truth behind El Cacao. Get a copy here: shop.arcdream.com/ Follow us!

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In this episode Dr. Rodney and Karen talk about the role of systemic inflammation in four major life-threatening conditions in our current world: coronary artery disease, diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimers. This conversation is based on a recent article from Harvard Medical School.Takeaways:Inflammation plays a major role in coronary artery disease, diabetes, cancer and Alzheimers.Inflammation by itself is not bad.Inflammation is part of the immune response. It is what happens when your body has a threat. Inflammation is created as an immune response to a threat - physical, chemical or emotional.The chemicals released by the innate immune system are meant to be temporary to allow the body to heal. The problem comes when they are left on for too long and you now have chronic inflammation - more on that here.Once the threat is over the T-Cells should turn off the “high alert” sign. Unfortunately, this does not always happen due to our lifestyle.Chronic inflammation is like a low-grade system inflammation that lingers in your system.Aspirin was developed in 1899 to combat inflammation.Doctors started prescribing corticosteroids to mimic the role of cortisol in the inflammation process.The best way to find out if you have systemic inflammation is with a CRP blood test. You do not want to be higher than a 3 on this one.Keys to switching off chronic inflammation:Avoid tobacco and other toxinsKeep alcohol consumption to a minimum.Maintain healthy weightExercise consistentlyEat real food rather than processed foodsTune in to future episodes to discover more specific ways to live your best life without pain and disability. Start making small changes today for a healthy and vibrant life.Follow us on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/stanceforhealthFollow us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/stancechiropracticWebsite: https://www.stancechiropractic.com

The T Cell uncovers a supernatural force that they did not expect; will they make it through the trial? Get a copy here: shop.arcdream.com/ Follow us!

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 --Patreon: bit.ly/MindPlayersPat Music Attribution: Theme, Creeper, Exandroid, Sasha-rosser – Creeper Backing tracks: Nicolas Jeudy / DARK FANTASY STUDIOThe T Cell heads to Arkham to follow some of their leads; will they find themselves deeper in the mire than they were hoping?

Al Singer joins immune to discuss mice that have their T cell immune system reversed, revealing the molecular basis for T cell lineage fate determination in the thymus. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Cynthia Leifer, Steph Langel, and Brianne Barker Guest: Al Singer Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts. RSS, email Become a patron of Immune! Links for this episode T cell FlipFlop mice reveal lineage determination (Nat Immunol) Time stamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music by Steve Neal. Immune logo image by Blausen Medical Send your immunology questions and comments to immune@microbe.tv

In this episode, Dr. Rodney and Karen talk about a complex system in your body that controls so many functions - the endocrine system. You will gain a foundation of what the different parts are and how each gland interacts in releasing the hormones you need to live a healthy and long life. This complex system uses many different ways of chemical signaling through the circulatory system. These glands send hormones - chemical messengers that transmit vital information to control:1) Sleep-wake cycle2) Heart rate - 3) Sexual function4) Blood sugarand more.Here are the glands in the endocrine system:1) Hypothalamus - regulates many functions that keep you alive. You could call it the boss of the rest of these endocrine glands.2) Pituitary - regulates growth and reproduction.3) Pineal gland - produces melatonin just at the right time.4) Thymus - shares in production of melatonin and puberty development along with the T-Cells.5) Thyroid - affects metabolism - weight loss and gain.6) Parathyroid - regulates calcium and magnesium levels in the body.7) Adrenals - produce cortisol and adrenaline. They also regulate blood pressure. They interact with the thyroid and the liver.8) Pancreas - controls blood sugar levels9) Testes and ovaries - promotes sexual reproduction.Follow us on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/stanceforhealthFollow us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/stancechiropracticWebsite: https://www.stancechiropractic.com

TWiV reveals an ACE2-dependent sarbecovirus from Russian bats that is not inhibited by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and a modified vaccinia virus Ankara vectored vaccine that protects nonhuman primates from Delta infection. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Sarbecovirus from Russian bat (bioRxiv) MVA vectored COVID vaccine (Sci Immunol) Letters read on TWiV 885 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – The Search for a Model Octopus That Won't Die After Laying Its Eggs Rich – Vaccine Pioneers and Opponents with Paul Offit (Podcast: Connected by Controversy by Chris White)  and The Cutter Incident by Paul Offit Vincent – Simply Put: Vaccines Save Lives Listener Picks Rich – ‘Stolen' Charles Darwin notebooks left on library floor in pink gift bag Neva – Elin Thomas, UK textile artist Viki – History of English Podcast Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Vincent and Brianne review the need to better understand T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection to better inform public health decisions, and how IL-1 and IL-1ra are important regulators of the inflammatory response to RNA vaccines. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Understanding T cell responses during COVID-19 (Science Immunol) IL-1 and IL-1ra are keys to inflammation after RNA vaccination (Nature Immunol) Letters read on TWiV 882 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – Covid restrictions prevented dengue in hundreds of thousands of people in 2020 Vincent – Scotch Dual Lock 250 Reclosable Fastener Listener Picks Erin –JWT Preparation and Xploration Outer Space Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Vincent and Brianne review the need to better understand T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection to better inform public health decisions, and how IL-1 and IL-1ra are important regulators of the inflammatory response to RNA vaccines. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Understanding T cell responses during COVID-19 (Science Immunol) IL-1 and IL-1ra are keys to inflammation after RNA vaccination (Nature Immunol) Letters read on TWiV 882 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – Covid restrictions prevented dengue in hundreds of thousands of people in 2020 Vincent – Scotch Dual Lock 250 Reclosable Fastener Listener Picks Erin –JWT Preparation and Xploration Outer Space Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

The no Focus Radio Hour Ep 126: "I'd rather brush with dirt."The crew is all here and we have a lot to talk about. We go over the results from Don Schlicks' Poll - we finally hear the rest of Don's music, and much more. Eating Corn with corn handles Reveal the polls Kamala Explains the war The Newsom Weapons Ban Giving Guns to Cartels Bill Gates loves lock downs TCells and Antibodies What is Fair in sports? Senate Candidate Mean Tweets Diablo Canyon: Keep It Open! Mountain Lions in town Doug-Out is going into Retirement  I'd rather brush with dirt CIRCUS TIME: ALEGRIA Roar and PourFresno's Mt. Rushmore? www.NoFocusRadio.com@NofocusRadioSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/no-focus-radio/exclusive-content