Podcasts about Pietermaritzburg

What does it look like when conservation becomes a long view, a daily practice, and a promise to the future? In Episode 198 of the Adventures in Learning Podcast, Dr. Diane Jackson Schnoor welcomes Kevin Jolliffe, reserve manager at Wild Tomorrow, for a rich conversation about rewilding, restoration, community partnership, and the patience it takes to care for a landscape over time.In Part 3 of the Wild Tomorrow series, Kevin shares how a childhood rooted in nature grew into a career in conservation that has taken him around the world and back again. From sea turtles in the Seychelles to habitat restoration in South Africa, he reflects on what it means to steward land, manage wildlife, and think in terms of generations rather than quick fixes.This episode also continues the Wild Tomorrow story through the lens of balance and hope. Kevin and Dr. Diane talk about what it means to let nature lead when appropriate, step in when human action caused the harm, and support the surrounding community as part of the larger conservation mission. If you've loved the earlier Wild Tomorrow conversations with co-founders John Steward and Wendy Hapgood, and community conservation manager Aphiwe Notshaya, this episode deepens that story in a meaningful way.Chapters01:19 A childhood in nature02:45 Studying conservation and meeting his wife03:33 Work in the Seychelles and the Bahamas04:56 How Kevin joined Wild Tomorrow05:56 What a reserve manager does06:53 A "typical day" on the reserve08:42 Rewilding the land10:15 Man-made problems and nature's balance13:05 Species brought back to the reserve14:37 Anti-poaching and community partnership16:29 Working with local herders and land use19:32 Nursery work and growing trees21:22 Reconnecting with nature24:23 Quiet moments with hippos27:01 How to care about conservation29:34 Thinking in generations, not instant fixes30:24 Favorite trees, birds, and animals32:02 What gives Kevin hopeAbout Kevin JolliffeKevin was born in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. His early holidays with his aunt and uncle in Hluhluwe sparked his love for Zululand and determined the career he would later pursue. As the youngest of five siblings and the odd man out with the neighbourhood children, Kevin developed a passion for nature. Afternoons were spent exploring the Botanic Gardens where he honed his bird watching skills, collected butterflies and developed an interest in plants, including collecting and growing orchids at the age of seven, becoming the youngest orchid grower in South Africa for over 10 years. Kevin is currently writing and illustrating a book on the orchids of KZN and his vast knowledge has been put to good use while working with the Pollination Ecology department at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. Kevin was always determined to work in nature conservation. He attained a National Diploma in Nature Conservation from the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, where he met his conservationist wife. They have been working together ever since. He has worked at government run, Ndumo Game Reserve as well as a number of private reserves in KZN, the Western and Eastern Cape, Swaziland and Limpopo provinces. He was the conservation manager for Cousine Island in the Seychelles for five 5 years conducting in-depth monitoring of nesting Hawksbill sea turtles, sea birds and endangered land birds. From there he took up the position of landscape manager in the Bahamas, before returning to South Africa to manage a private nature reserve in the Western Cape. He is now proudly Wild Tomorrow Fund's Reserve Manager at The Greater Ukuwela Nature Reserve.Links and resourcesLearn more about Dr. Diane's Adventures in Learning: drdianadventures.comExplore Wild Tomorrowand follow on Instagram and LinkedInListen to the Wild Tomorrow Series, featuring John Steward and Wendy Hapgood and Aphiwe NotshayaJoin Wild Tomorrow for the Junior Wildlife Crime Scene Detective Event on July 20, 2026Support the showShare this episodeIf this conversation sparked wonder, gave you a helpful strategy, or offered a needed reminder of hope, please share it with a friend or colleague.Subscribe • Download • Review • Tell a friendStay updated with our latest episodes and follow us on Instagram, LinkedIn, and the Adventures in Learning website. Don't forget to subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! *Disclosure: I am a Bookshop.org. affiliate.

Mandy Weiner speaks to Prof Ntsikelelo Breakfast, Political Analyst on the cabinet reshuffle by President Cyril Ramaphosa. They also touch on the leadership issues in the ANC resulting in the appointment of Dina Pule, and the concession to remove and appoint some DA ministers. The Midday Report with Mandy Wiener is 702 and CapeTalk’s flagship news show, your hour of essential news radio. The show is podcasted every weekday, allowing you to catch up with a 60-minute weekday wrap of the day's main news. It's packed with fast-paced interviews with the day’s newsmakers, as well as those who can make sense of the news and explain what's happening in your world. All the interviews are podcasted for you to catch up and listen to. Thank you for listening to this podcast of The Midday Report Listen live on weekdays between 12:00 and 13:00 (SA Time) to The Midday Report broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from The Midday Report, go to https://buff.ly/BTGmL9H and find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/LcbDdFI Subscribe to the 702 and CapeTalk daily and weekly newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mandy Weiner speaks to Dr Azar Jammine, Chief Economist at Econometrix reflecting on the non-informal agricultural sector shedding 120 000 jobs between March 2025 and March 2026. They also reflect on what needs to be done in order to create more jobs. The Midday Report with Mandy Wiener is 702 and CapeTalk’s flagship news show, your hour of essential news radio. The show is podcasted every weekday, allowing you to catch up with a 60-minute weekday wrap of the day's main news. It's packed with fast-paced interviews with the day’s newsmakers, as well as those who can make sense of the news and explain what's happening in your world. All the interviews are podcasted for you to catch up and listen to. Thank you for listening to this podcast of The Midday Report Listen live on weekdays between 12:00 and 13:00 (SA Time) to The Midday Report broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from The Midday Report, go to https://buff.ly/BTGmL9H and find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/LcbDdFI Subscribe to the 702 and CapeTalk daily and weekly newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mandy Weiner speaks to Jermaine Carelse, City of Cape Town’s Fire and Rescue spokesperson on the jet fuel tanker that overturned on Monday night in Cape Town. The Midday Report with Mandy Wiener is 702 and CapeTalk’s flagship news show, your hour of essential news radio. The show is podcasted every weekday, allowing you to catch up with a 60-minute weekday wrap of the day's main news. It's packed with fast-paced interviews with the day’s newsmakers, as well as those who can make sense of the news and explain what's happening in your world. All the interviews are podcasted for you to catch up and listen to. Thank you for listening to this podcast of The Midday Report Listen live on weekdays between 12:00 and 13:00 (SA Time) to The Midday Report broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from The Midday Report, go to https://buff.ly/BTGmL9H and find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/LcbDdFI Subscribe to the 702 and CapeTalk daily and weekly newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mandy Weiner speaks to Thabiso Goba, EWN reporter who reflects on the looting incidents from yesterday during the protests against illegal immigrants in the country. The Midday Report with Mandy Wiener is 702 and CapeTalk’s flagship news show, your hour of essential news radio. The show is podcasted every weekday, allowing you to catch up with a 60-minute weekday wrap of the day's main news. It's packed with fast-paced interviews with the day’s newsmakers, as well as those who can make sense of the news and explain what's happening in your world. All the interviews are podcasted for you to catch up and listen to. Thank you for listening to this podcast of The Midday Report Listen live on weekdays between 12:00 and 13:00 (SA Time) to The Midday Report broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from The Midday Report, go to https://buff.ly/BTGmL9H and find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/LcbDdFI Subscribe to the 702 and CapeTalk daily and weekly newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Catch Up on the latest leading news stories around the country with Mandy Wiener on Midday Report from 12:00 to 13:00. The Midday Report with Mandy Wiener is 702 and CapeTalk’s flagship news show, your hour of essential news radio. The show is podcasted every weekday, allowing you to catch up with a 60-minute weekday wrap of the day's main news. It's packed with fast-paced interviews with the day’s newsmakers, as well as those who can make sense of the news and explain what's happening in your world. All the interviews are podcasted for you to catch up and listen to. Thank you for listening to this podcast of The Midday Report Listen live on weekdays between 12:00 and 13:00 (SA Time) to The Midday Report broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from The Midday Report, go to https://buff.ly/BTGmL9H and find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/LcbDdFI Subscribe to the 702 and CapeTalk daily and weekly newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

East Coast Radio NewsWatch's Kubobonke Luthuli gives an update on the planned protests happening all over KZN from Pietermaritzburg. Webpage

Marthie Martin – hoofbestuurder: Zambië en Malawi, Famous Brands Volg RSG Geldsake op Twitter

KwaZulu-Natal Premier Thami Ntuli says temporary repatriation sites in Durban and Pietermaritzburg are closing today, as remaining Malawian nationals are relocated to Musina, Limpopo to continue the repatriation process. He adds that all individuals must first undergo immigration and criminal verification before leaving South Africa. For more we are now joined on the line by the Premier, Thamsanqa Ntuli

Desta vez sem convidados, neste episódio cobrimos  um conjunto de tópicos do mundo da corrida e do atletismo que nos andavam a fervilhar na cabeça. O Vítor a recuperar de fascite plantar e o Luís a regressar à forma depois de Londres, é o contexto, mas não é o assunto.Começamos pela Comrades Marathon, a clássica ultra sul-africana de 85.8 km que este ano correu no formato uprun, de Durban a Pietermaritzburg, e produziu um novo recorde com 3:41/km de média no masculino e 4:01/km no feminino. A conversa passa pelos Caminhos do Tejo, a ultra de 144 km de Lisboa a Fátima, com a altimetria concentrada no final e uma crescente presença internacional. E depois chegamos ao anúncio que está a dar que falar: a Maratona de Londres vai passar a decorrer em dois dias a partir do próximo ano, com a elite feminina no sábado e a masculina no domingo. No atletismo de pista, o destaque vai para Duplantis a perder uma prova pela primeira vez, para o regresso em força de Pedro Pichardo, e para o exemplo de Hodgkinson ao retirar-se do aquecimento de uma final da Diamond League por sentir um toque. O episódio fecha com o Luís a apresentar uma aplicação que desenvolveu para planeamento de ritmos por quilómetro com base na altimetria e meteorologia de qualquer percurso, disponível em iOS e Android.Recursos- TrueEffort (iOS) - https://apps.apple.com/pt/app/trueeffort/id6762812712- TrueEffort (Android) - https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.trueeffort.androidRecomendações- Knicks 2026 NBA Champions - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ITwzTEeiVeA- Rafa - Docu-series (Netflix) - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt35052852/Parcerias e como ajudarem este projeto

KZN Premier Thami Ntuli says government plans to close the facility due to unsafe living conditions after a site assessment, where 1,600 Malawian nationals are sheltering in an abandoned municipal building in Pietermaritzburg. This follows reports of intimidation against undocumented foreign nationals. Sakina Kamwendo spoke to SABC reporter Celumusa Zulu

The much-talked-about human race is finally here. Runners from all walks of life have converged in Durban for South Africa's biggest ultramarathon. The 2026 Comrades Marathon will follow the traditional up-run route, which starts at Durban City Hall on Dr. Pixley Ka Seme (West) Street. The 86km marathon will finish at Hollywoodbets Scottsville Racecourse in Pietermaritzburg. Bongiwe Zwane spoke to SABC's Athletics Club member Muntu Khanyile.

Most runners dream of completing one Comrades Marathon. Donovan Shirley decided to run it twice in 24 hours. Donovan Shirley joined East Coast Breakfast to talk about his extraordinary "Get Back Up" challenge, running the Comrades route from Pietermaritzburg to Durban before turning around and joining the official race back to Pietermaritzburg. Donovan shares why the 2026 Comrades theme "Ska Fela Moya" resonates so deeply with him, and how this challenge is about much more than kilometres. Through his run, Donovan is raising awareness and funds for mental health organisations SADAG and Matthew and Me, a non-profit created in memory of Matthew Grant, a teenager who lost his battle with depression. This is a powerful conversation about resilience, men's mental health, purpose, and what it means to get back up when life knocks you down. Webpage

The training is done. COMRADES 2026 is here.In the final episode of the Making A Runner Comrades Mini Series, Nic shifts the focus away from training and towards the things that matter most during race week: staying healthy, staying calm, trusting your preparation, and arriving at the start line ready to execute.With race numbers issued and final race instructions now released, Comrades suddenly becomes very real. In this episode, Nic shares practical advice and personal insights to help runners navigate the excitement, nerves, and uncertainty that often accompany the final few days before the Ultimate Human Race.Topics covered include:What to focus on during race week (and what to ignore)Sleep, recovery, and managing time off your feetPractical carb-loading adviceControlling the controllables and avoiding unnecessary stressUnderstanding the 2026 Comrades start process and race morning logisticsReviewing your pacing, nutrition, and seconding plansMental preparation strategies for handling difficult moments during the raceWhat to do when things don't go according to planWhy the finish line means so much more than a medalThroughout the episode, Nic encourages runners to cut through the noise, trust themselves, and remember that confidence comes from the work already completed—not from trying to squeeze in one last perfect week.Whether you're chasing a Silver Medal, a Bill Rowan, a Bronze, or simply your first Comrades finish, this episode is designed to help you arrive at the start line feeling organised, prepared, and ready to enjoy one of the most special days in running.This is the final episode of the Making A Runner Comrades Mini Series.Good luck, trust your preparation, and enjoy every step of the journey from Durban to Pietermaritzburg. You are all winners!

Voormalige president Jacob Zuma het sy regspan opdrag gegee om te appelleer teen die uitspraak van die KwaZulu-Natal Hooggeregshof in Pietermaritzburg, wat opdrag gegee het sy wapenhandel-korrupsiesaak moet voortgaan. Zuma en die Franse wapenvervaardiger Thales staar 'n korrupsieklag van 'n multimiljard-Amerikaansde dollar wapentransaksie van 1999 in die gesig. Regter Nkosinathi Chilli het verklaar dis in belang van geregtigheid dat die saak voortgaan ongeag enige aansoeke of hangende appèl. Die woordvoerder van die JG Zuma Stigting, Mzwanele Manyi, sê die uitspraak is totaal verkeerd:

For 15 May 2026, Friday before Ascension Sunday, based on John 16:20-23, sent in from Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.

The hill of Doves — in isiZulu amaJuba means the place of many doves or pigeons. It became a place of violence and blood, and yet the catastrophic defeat of the British at Majuba was indeed to lead to peace. The doves would fly again albeit fleetingly. As you heard last episode, British commander General George Colley had been one of the casualties of the battle — Sir Evelyn Wood was now in charge of the empire's army in the Transvaal. Or to be more accurate, in Natal attempting to enter the Transvaal. Colley was buried at Mount Prospect — the British base below Laings Nek in sight of Majuba — letters of condolence were sent to his wife Lady Colley by the Town councils of Pietermaritzburg and Durban .. and also by the Transvaal Boer Leaders. Colley had asked that his body should be allowed to remain where he fell on the battlefield, and so it was. His wife would have to travel to the Transvaal border to see where he lay. A state of war existed, the Boers continued to besiege all British garrisons in the Transvaal in early 1881. More about that in a moment. The Summer rains were falling, drenching the landscape like the blood of Majuba, and both sides sought peace. Boer emissaries had met with the Swazi king, but he was loathe to join the attack on the empires forces. On the 2nd March 1881 Evelyn Wood relayed a letter to the Boer leadership, the triumpherate as they were known from his base at Newcastle. “to President Brand, Bloemfontein, P Joubert (he means Commandant Piet Joubert, Boer commander in the Transvaal) requests me to send you the following telegram…” The British commander as postman — relaying one Boer message to another. Brand's message back was reconciliatory in tone. “…We are willing to accept every offer made by your Honour …” and by your honour Joubert meant Wood … “that peace may be, as far as it is not in direct opposition to our liberty…” That was the minimum demand — the Boers demanded their liberty. ON the 5th, Wood and his staff met Piet Joubert and Boer leaders half way between Mount Prospect and Laing's Nek in a hastily erected tent. The British hardliners were horrified - how could Wood, an English General who had now built up a force of 10 000 soldiers in Natal concede to an interview with the leaders of the enemy for the sake of gaining time to negotiate peace? Some said it was too absurd to be credited, others in the English camp were astonished. But he was also a general who represented an army that had been beaten four times in an open fight — Bronkhorspruit, Laings Nek, Schoonspruit, Majuba. Why continue the war? It was time to resolve things. While the English nationalists bayed for Boer blood, were calling for this upstart Transvaal Republic to be crushed as a warning to other rebels across the empire, cooler heads prevailed. Joining Wood were Major Frazer, Captain Maude and Mr Cropper the translator. On the Boer side, Piet Joubert, DC Uys, CJ Joubert and CHJ Fouchees, with AJ Foster interpreting. A tight group. The fewer involved the better. Wood opened with meeting with an explanation — he was there to call for an armistice so that Kruger and the Volksraad could reply to General Colley's communication of the 21st February re: peace. The entire meeting was to last an astonishing 90 minutes. Joubert presented the Transvaal position most concisely, Complete amnesty for all leaders, freedom of the Transvaal from British government although they'd accept suzerainty, no interference in Transvaal's internal affairs — they meant on matters pertaining to race and land. It was the word suzerainty that was the problem child here. To the British government, particularly officials in London, suzerainty implied that the restored Boer republic in the Transvaal would enjoy internal self-government but would remain subordinate to the British Crown in matters such as foreign relations as well as overall imperial authority. The Boer negotiators understood the term far more loosely.

The hill of Doves — in isiZulu amaJuba means the place of many doves or pigeons. It became a place of violence and blood, and yet the catastrophic defeat of the British at Majuba was indeed to lead to peace. The doves would fly again albeit fleetingly. As you heard last episode, British commander General George Colley had been one of the casualties of the battle — Sir Evelyn Wood was now in charge of the empire's army in the Transvaal. Or to be more accurate, in Natal attempting to enter the Transvaal. Colley was buried at Mount Prospect — the British base below Laings Nek in sight of Majuba — letters of condolence were sent to his wife Lady Colley by the Town councils of Pietermaritzburg and Durban .. and also by the Transvaal Boer Leaders. Colley had asked that his body should be allowed to remain where he fell on the battlefield, and so it was. His wife would have to travel to the Transvaal border to see where he lay. A state of war existed, the Boers continued to besiege all British garrisons in the Transvaal in early 1881. More about that in a moment. The Summer rains were falling, drenching the landscape like the blood of Majuba, and both sides sought peace. Boer emissaries had met with the Swazi king, but he was loathe to join the attack on the empires forces. On the 2nd March 1881 Evelyn Wood relayed a letter to the Boer leadership, the triumpherate as they were known from his base at Newcastle. “to President Brand, Bloemfontein, P Joubert (he means Commandant Piet Joubert, Boer commander in the Transvaal) requests me to send you the following telegram…” The British commander as postman — relaying one Boer message to another. Brand's message back was reconciliatory in tone. “…We are willing to accept every offer made by your Honour …” and by your honour Joubert meant Wood … “that peace may be, as far as it is not in direct opposition to our liberty…” That was the minimum demand — the Boers demanded their liberty. ON the 5th, Wood and his staff met Piet Joubert and Boer leaders half way between Mount Prospect and Laing's Nek in a hastily erected tent. The British hardliners were horrified - how could Wood, an English General who had now built up a force of 10 000 soldiers in Natal concede to an interview with the leaders of the enemy for the sake of gaining time to negotiate peace? Some said it was too absurd to be credited, others in the English camp were astonished. But he was also a general who represented an army that had been beaten four times in an open fight — Bronkhorspruit, Laings Nek, Schoonspruit, Majuba. Why continue the war? It was time to resolve things. While the English nationalists bayed for Boer blood, were calling for this upstart Transvaal Republic to be crushed as a warning to other rebels across the empire, cooler heads prevailed. Joining Wood were Major Frazer, Captain Maude and Mr Cropper the translator. On the Boer side, Piet Joubert, DC Uys, CJ Joubert and CHJ Fouchees, with AJ Foster interpreting. A tight group. The fewer involved the better. Wood opened with meeting with an explanation — he was there to call for an armistice so that Kruger and the Volksraad could reply to General Colley's communication of the 21st February re: peace. The entire meeting was to last an astonishing 90 minutes. Joubert presented the Transvaal position most concisely, Complete amnesty for all leaders, freedom of the Transvaal from British government although they'd accept suzerainty, no interference in Transvaal's internal affairs — they meant on matters pertaining to race and land. It was the word suzerainty that was the problem child here. To the British government, particularly officials in London, suzerainty implied that the restored Boer republic in the Transvaal would enjoy internal self-government but would remain subordinate to the British Crown in matters such as foreign relations as well as overall imperial authority. The Boer negotiators understood the term far more loosely.

Sermon delivered on Sunday, April, 19th, 2026, at Serious Christian Church in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

For 23 April 2026, Thursday of the 3rd week of Eastertide, based on Acts 8:26-40, sent in from Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.

Relebogile Mabotja speaks with Dr Balungile Zondi, a cultural anthropologist and Indigenous Knowledge scholar from University of KwaZulu-Natal (Pietermaritzburg), to unpack the truth behind voodoo dolls. Are they truly tools of magic and control, or have they been misunderstood over time through history, media portrayals, and fear? Thank you for listening to a 702 Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja podcast. Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 13:00 to 15:00 (SA Time) to Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/2qKsEfu or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/DTykncj Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Pietermaritzburg stands at a crossroads. Melanie Veness paints a stark picture of governance failure, economic strain, and post-riot trauma - yet resilience runs deep. From crumbling infrastructure to bold private-sector action, the city's future hinges on leadership, accountability, and smart investment. As political uncertainty looms in KZN, the stakes couldn't be higher. Will voters drive meaningful change, or deepen the crisis? Amid the chaos, one truth emerges: South Africa's recovery will depend on empowered communities and businesses stepping up where the state has fallen short.

Die LUR vir Samewerkende Regering en Tradisionele Sake in KwaZulu-Natal, Thulasizwe Buthelezi, het alle rampbestuurspanne op hoë gereedheidsgrondslag geplaas in afwagting van hewige storms vandag. 'n Vlak vier waarskuwing deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Weerdiens voorspel swaar reën, skadelike winde en weerlig oor 'n groot deel van die provinsie, insluitend eThekwini, Pietermaritzburg, Newcastle en kusgebiede. Senzelwe Mzila van die departement...

The battles are coming thick and fast because this is the end of the seventh decade of the 19th Century - the British have just been defeated at the Battle of Hlobane mountain on the 28th March. There's been so much skop skiet and Donner it's time to reflect on matters further south west Before we buzz back to Zululand next episode. n the Transvaal, resistance to British rule was slowly setting, like mortar hardening between stones, the scattered grievances of the Boers beginning to cohere into something firmer, more deliberate. Far to the west, Kimberley glittered with a different intensity - fortunes were rising from the dust, deals were struck in the heat and noise, and the great hole in the earth swallowed men and money alike. Yet beneath the clangour of picks and the shimmer of diamonds, another current was moving. For even as the town prospered, a sequence of personal tragedies was about to cast a longer shadow over Kimberley shaping not only its mood but the hardening temper of one of its most ambitious young men. Cecil John Rhodes would endure a series of personal blows in the years ahead. These losses did not soften him. If anything, they seemed to harden an already melancholic temperament. One by one, the setbacks accumulated, and the young speculator who often appeared distant in manner would, in time, come to embody the ruthless vanity and moral ambiguity that marked the diamond fields and the empire they fed. The string of tragedies began with his brother Herbert. It was he who had come to South Africa first and started the Cotton farm at Richmond near Pietermaritzburg. And It was he who had impulsively upped and off to Kimberley to look for diamonds. Once these had been unearthed and he'd convinced young Cecil to join him — he upped and off once more to the eastern Transvaal, where gold had been discovered. After a while he tired of that life and began gun running from Delagoa Bay to amaPedi people, then roved about into northern Mozambique and what is Malawi today. He hunted the next gold find everywhere he went, a mad Victorian searching for his personal treasure. Cecil John Rhodes watched and took his own notes. He was already thirsting for power, and now he realised there were two routes. From Barney Barnato he learned the value of politics, and from JB Robinson he came to understand the uses of Journalism. Rhodes wanted something much bigger, and that was a seat in the Cape Parliament. He ran for representative of a rural territory, Barklay West which was a mistake. When he appeared at a meeting one of the local boers told him off “In the first place, you are too young, in the second, you look so damnably like an Englishman…” Rhodes, unlike certain modern politicians, listened. First stage of campaign complete, time for second stage. And here it may surprise many listeners, but he turned to black South Africans because at this time in our history, blacks could vote in the Cape. All they had to do was show they had enough cash, the Cape qualified franchise. Every voter had to show either 25 pounds of land or more in value or prove they received at least 50 pounds a year in income. After disbursing black workers with an unknown sum of money, 250 turned up to vote for Rhodes on election day and largely because of this support, he won. It is truly amazing that Cecil John Rhodes won his seat in the Cape Parliament because of black voters, and would go on to hold that seat in periods of triumph, disgrace and depression, until the day he died.

The battles are coming thick and fast because this is the end of the seventh decade of the 19th Century - the British have just been defeated at the Battle of Hlobane mountain on the 28th March. There's been so much skop skiet and Donner it's time to reflect on matters further south west Before we buzz back to Zululand next episode. n the Transvaal, resistance to British rule was slowly setting, like mortar hardening between stones, the scattered grievances of the Boers beginning to cohere into something firmer, more deliberate. Far to the west, Kimberley glittered with a different intensity - fortunes were rising from the dust, deals were struck in the heat and noise, and the great hole in the earth swallowed men and money alike. Yet beneath the clangour of picks and the shimmer of diamonds, another current was moving. For even as the town prospered, a sequence of personal tragedies was about to cast a longer shadow over Kimberley shaping not only its mood but the hardening temper of one of its most ambitious young men. Cecil John Rhodes would endure a series of personal blows in the years ahead. These losses did not soften him. If anything, they seemed to harden an already melancholic temperament. One by one, the setbacks accumulated, and the young speculator who often appeared distant in manner would, in time, come to embody the ruthless vanity and moral ambiguity that marked the diamond fields and the empire they fed. The string of tragedies began with his brother Herbert. It was he who had come to South Africa first and started the Cotton farm at Richmond near Pietermaritzburg. And It was he who had impulsively upped and off to Kimberley to look for diamonds. Once these had been unearthed and he'd convinced young Cecil to join him — he upped and off once more to the eastern Transvaal, where gold had been discovered. After a while he tired of that life and began gun running from Delagoa Bay to amaPedi people, then roved about into northern Mozambique and what is Malawi today. He hunted the next gold find everywhere he went, a mad Victorian searching for his personal treasure. Cecil John Rhodes watched and took his own notes. He was already thirsting for power, and now he realised there were two routes. From Barney Barnato he learned the value of politics, and from JB Robinson he came to understand the uses of Journalism. Rhodes wanted something much bigger, and that was a seat in the Cape Parliament. He ran for representative of a rural territory, Barklay West which was a mistake. When he appeared at a meeting one of the local boers told him off “In the first place, you are too young, in the second, you look so damnably like an Englishman…” Rhodes, unlike certain modern politicians, listened. First stage of campaign complete, time for second stage. And here it may surprise many listeners, but he turned to black South Africans because at this time in our history, blacks could vote in the Cape. All they had to do was show they had enough cash, the Cape qualified franchise. Every voter had to show either 25 pounds of land or more in value or prove they received at least 50 pounds a year in income. After disbursing black workers with an unknown sum of money, 250 turned up to vote for Rhodes on election day and largely because of this support, he won. It is truly amazing that Cecil John Rhodes won his seat in the Cape Parliament because of black voters, and would go on to hold that seat in periods of triumph, disgrace and depression, until the day he died.

It's the 23rd January 1879, one of the most momentous days in South African history has passed, and the ripple effect will be felt across the world. For missionary Otto Witt it was a time of particular terror. He had fled his mission station, Rorke's Drift, and now it was smashed to bits, the house which had doubled up as a hospital burned to the ground, the main warehouse which had been his church, broken, bloody. Witt had fled the day before and sought out his wife and children who he'd sent on to Msinga once it became apparent the British were going to invade Zululand. Witt had lost his way up the Biggarsberg escarpment on the terrifying night of the 22nd January, and staggered into the Gordon Memorial Mission at Msinga the next morning - but his wife Elin and their 3 young children had already left. He didn't know this — merely that she wasn't there. Elin had been told by refugees streaming away from Isandlwana that Otto had been killed at Rorke's Drift. So both believed the other dead. The family spent five days believing they were widows and orphans. The confusion was only cleared up when Witt finally tracked Erin's wagon trail to Pietermaritzburg where the family was reunited, exhausted and traumatized, but physically unharmed. In Newcastle, Maud Bradstreet had just assisted her friend, Mrs. Hitchcock, in delivering a baby girl named Georgina. Their joy was short-lived, however, as news arrived that the Newcastle Mounted Rifles had been decimated at Isandlwana—both of their husbands were among the dead. The two women set out for the Orange Free State, a grueling week-long journey by horse and cart, surviving on very little including water strained through a mealie bag. This was the raw reality for the survivors - later in the episode we'll hear from the Zulu. On the morning of January 23rd, a messenger reached Helpmekaar with a brief note from Lieutenant Chard Rorke's Drift commander Defying the grim expectations of the men at the camp, they had miraculously held their ground through the night. Back at Isandlwana, Chelmsford had awoken his men and rode away from the scene of carnage before dawn, one of the men had found the mangled body of Lieutenant Colonel Pulleine, Isandlwana's commanding officer, then the column passed down Manzimyama Valley. They moved past homesteads that had been abandoned only a day prior, but now the inhabitants were creeping back. Through the doorway of a single hut, they saw an Inyanga tending to amaQungebeni warriors who had likely fought at Isandlwana. The tension snapped; soldiers of the Natal Native Contingent opened fire and killed a man before order could be restored. A seething anger swirled through the British column, Trooper Fred Jones, one of the survivors of the Newcastle Mounted Rifles was not in a forgiving mood. “We saw red…” he admitted “ Exhausted and broken, the warriors shuffled forward, dragging their shields in the dust. The uThulwana were stunned—they thought no British soldiers were left alive after Isandlwana. For a long, tense moment, the two forces stared at one another across a distance easily covered by a bullet. Yet, neither side pulled a trigger. It was, as historian Ian Knight notes, a surreal conclusion to an extraordinary 48 hours: two armies, both feeling the weight of defeat, watching each other move silently into the distance. King Cetshwayo kaMpande did not get an accurate version of events at Rorke's Drift at first. Back at oNdini, Dabulamanzi reported that he had stormed and successfully taken the house… attacked again then retired…but admitted that he had suffered heavily …” It was to take another ten days before the warriors returned to oNdini and had been ritually cleansed .. only then did Cetshwayo address them in his huge cattle kraal. “If you think you have finished with all the white men you are wrong, because they are still coming…” he warned.

It's the 23rd January 1879, one of the most momentous days in South African history has passed, and the ripple effect will be felt across the world. For missionary Otto Witt it was a time of particular terror. He had fled his mission station, Rorke's Drift, and now it was smashed to bits, the house which had doubled up as a hospital burned to the ground, the main warehouse which had been his church, broken, bloody. Witt had fled the day before and sought out his wife and children who he'd sent on to Msinga once it became apparent the British were going to invade Zululand. Witt had lost his way up the Biggarsberg escarpment on the terrifying night of the 22nd January, and staggered into the Gordon Memorial Mission at Msinga the next morning - but his wife Elin and their 3 young children had already left. He didn't know this — merely that she wasn't there. Elin had been told by refugees streaming away from Isandlwana that Otto had been killed at Rorke's Drift. So both believed the other dead. The family spent five days believing they were widows and orphans. The confusion was only cleared up when Witt finally tracked Erin's wagon trail to Pietermaritzburg where the family was reunited, exhausted and traumatized, but physically unharmed. In Newcastle, Maud Bradstreet had just assisted her friend, Mrs. Hitchcock, in delivering a baby girl named Georgina. Their joy was short-lived, however, as news arrived that the Newcastle Mounted Rifles had been decimated at Isandlwana—both of their husbands were among the dead. The two women set out for the Orange Free State, a grueling week-long journey by horse and cart, surviving on very little including water strained through a mealie bag. This was the raw reality for the survivors - later in the episode we'll hear from the Zulu. On the morning of January 23rd, a messenger reached Helpmekaar with a brief note from Lieutenant Chard Rorke's Drift commander Defying the grim expectations of the men at the camp, they had miraculously held their ground through the night. Back at Isandlwana, Chelmsford had awoken his men and rode away from the scene of carnage before dawn, one of the men had found the mangled body of Lieutenant Colonel Pulleine, Isandlwana's commanding officer, then the column passed down Manzimyama Valley. They moved past homesteads that had been abandoned only a day prior, but now the inhabitants were creeping back. Through the doorway of a single hut, they saw an Inyanga tending to amaQungebeni warriors who had likely fought at Isandlwana. The tension snapped; soldiers of the Natal Native Contingent opened fire and killed a man before order could be restored. A seething anger swirled through the British column, Trooper Fred Jones, one of the survivors of the Newcastle Mounted Rifles was not in a forgiving mood. “We saw red…” he admitted “ Exhausted and broken, the warriors shuffled forward, dragging their shields in the dust. The uThulwana were stunned—they thought no British soldiers were left alive after Isandlwana. For a long, tense moment, the two forces stared at one another across a distance easily covered by a bullet. Yet, neither side pulled a trigger. It was, as historian Ian Knight notes, a surreal conclusion to an extraordinary 48 hours: two armies, both feeling the weight of defeat, watching each other move silently into the distance. King Cetshwayo kaMpande did not get an accurate version of events at Rorke's Drift at first. Back at oNdini, Dabulamanzi reported that he had stormed and successfully taken the house… attacked again then retired…but admitted that he had suffered heavily …” It was to take another ten days before the warriors returned to oNdini and had been ritually cleansed .. only then did Cetshwayo address them in his huge cattle kraal. “If you think you have finished with all the white men you are wrong, because they are still coming…” he warned.

Stephen Grootes speaks to Melanie Veness, CEO of the Pietermaritzburg and Midlands Chamber of Business, about the far‑reaching implications of Nersa’s unlawful tariff approvals and the potential financial shock awaiting both municipalities and consumers. The Money Show is a podcast hosted by well-known journalist and radio presenter, Stephen Grootes. He explores the latest economic trends, business developments, investment opportunities, and personal finance strategies. Each episode features engaging conversations with top newsmakers, industry experts, financial advisors, entrepreneurs, and politicians, offering you thought-provoking insights to navigate the ever-changing financial landscape.    Thank you for listening to a podcast from The Money Show Listen live Primedia+ weekdays from 18:00 and 20:00 (SA Time) to The Money Show with Stephen Grootes broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from the show, go to https://buff.ly/7QpH0jY or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/PlhvUVe Subscribe to The Money Show Daily Newsletter and the Weekly Business Wrap here https://buff.ly/v5mfetc The Money Show is brought to you by Absa     Follow us on social media   702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702   CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/Radio702 CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Stephen Grootes speaks to Johnny Moloto, Head of Corporate Affairs for BAT Sub-Saharan Africa, about British American Tobacco’s decision to shut down its Heidelberg manufacturing plant amid a surge in illegal cigarette trade. In other interviews, Melanie Veness, CEO of the Pietermaritzburg and Midlands Chamber of Business and Energy Expert at IMPOWER Matthew Cruise about the far‑reaching implications of Nersa’s unlawful tariff approvals and the potential financial shock awaiting both municipalities and consumers. The Money Show is a podcast hosted by well-known journalist and radio presenter, Stephen Grootes. He explores the latest economic trends, business developments, investment opportunities, and personal finance strategies. Each episode features engaging conversations with top newsmakers, industry experts, financial advisors, entrepreneurs, and politicians, offering you thought-provoking insights to navigate the ever-changing financial landscape.    Thank you for listening to a podcast from The Money Show Listen live Primedia+ weekdays from 18:00 and 20:00 (SA Time) to The Money Show with Stephen Grootes broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from the show, go to https://buff.ly/7QpH0jY or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/PlhvUVe Subscribe to The Money Show Daily Newsletter and the Weekly Business Wrap here https://buff.ly/v5mfetc The Money Show is brought to you by Absa     Follow us on social media   702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702   CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/Radio702 CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Tuesday morning, the 2nd of December, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We go to the Book of Leviticus 5:16:”And he shall make restitution for the harm that he has done…” Then we go straight to the New Testament to the Book of Luke 19:8: ‘Then Zacchaeus stood and said to the Lord, “Look, Lord, I give half of my goods to the poor; and if I have taken anything from anyone by false accusation, I restore fourfold.” Four hundred per cent! I want to say to you today, maybe there's something troubling you in your life. Maybe you've had an experience with the Lord, and you've got extreme joy and peace in your heart but there's something that is tugging at your conscience, and he is the accuser, he's the devil. He doesn't want to let you go, and every time you want to stand up for the Lord, he reminds you of some unfinished business from your previous life. I want to say to you today, sort it out, deal with it. Make restitution, pay back what you owe, go and apologise to the person you hurt, write a letter to that loved one and say, “Please forgive me for my part in the argument,” so you can be free indeed. Now you know my story, I've told you this story before. Many, many years ago, I came into South Africa with all the farming equipment that I could get out of the country. I came through customs, and I did not declare everything. Now that didn't bother me as an unbeliever, but once I gave my life to Christ, I started to feel guilty. That guilt does not come from the Lord, it comes from the devil, he's the accuser. Jesus is the one who convicts and I said to my family one day, ”I'm going to the Customs Department in Pietermaritzburg and I'm going to declare all the stuff I brought in without telling them.” I had all kinds of accusations from the devil. “They are going to put you in jail. You've got a young wife, you've got children, who's going to look after them?” But I could not have peace in my heart until I had made restitution.I went to the Customs Office, I declared everything that I'd brought in. The Customs Officer said to me, “Sir, all those things you brought in are duty free. You don't owe us anything.” Well, I want to tell you, I didn't walk out of that office, I flew like an eagle out of that office. I was so relieved. A burden was taken off my back, a lie from the devil.Today, sort out anything outstanding so that you too, can be free.Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day.Goodbye.

Clement Manyathela speaks to Alain Dalais, the General Manager for the Comrades Marathon Association who says the race has never sold entries this fast. Dalais says there is still a chance for keen runners who missed the initial window to participate in the 2026 race. The Clement Manyathela Show is broadcast on 702, a Johannesburg based talk radio station, weekdays from 09:00 to 12:00 (SA Time). Clement Manyathela starts his show each weekday on 702 at 9 am taking your calls and voice notes on his Open Line. In the second hour of his show, he unpacks, explains, and makes sense of the news of the day. Clement has several features in his third hour from 11 am that provide you with information to help and guide you through your daily life. As your morning friend, he tackles the serious as well as the light-hearted, on your behalf. Thank you for listening to a podcast from The Clement Manyathela Show. Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 09:00 and 12:00 (SA Time) to The Clement Manyathela Show broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/XijPLtJ or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/p0gWuPE Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Die ANC sê die uitspraak van die hof in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, wat bevestig Hoofman Albert Luthuli is deur die apartheidspolisie vermoor, herstel waarheid, waardigheid en geregtigheid aan sy nalatenskap en Suid-Afrika se geskiedenis. Die hof het die apartheidsera-ondersoek verwerp wat valslik beweer het Luthuli is dood nadat hy in 1967 deur 'n trein getref is. ANC-woordvoerder Mahlengi Bhengu het die Luthuli-familie, menseregte-prokureurs en historici geprys vir die versekering dat die waarheid uiteindelik onthul is:

Listeners opened up with stories of heartbreak, lessons learned and the unexpected ways loss shapes us. Stacey and J Sbu explored it all, reminding us that what we lose often tells us as much about ourselves as what we hold dear. We heard from Lena who misplaced her wedding ring. She unfortunately lost her husband in January 2025. Malacai from Pietermaritzburg lost an item from his cousin and still hasn't told her! Chris spoke about the diamond that fell out of his mom's diamond ring. He was around ten years old back then, his determination allowed him to spend 3 hours to search for the diamond which he found! Michelle's mother's gift of a gold cluster set was misplaced while Mario left his laptop on top of his car and drove off completely forgetting where it was!

Relebogile Mabotja speaks with Professor Simangaliso R. Kumalo the Dean of the School of Religion, Philosophy and Classics at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in Pietermaritzburg, about the meaning of living in a multi-faith society.702 Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja is broadcast live on Johannesburg based talk radio station 702 every weekday afternoon. Relebogile brings a lighter touch to some of the issues of the day as well as a mix of lifestyle topics and a peak into the worlds of entertainment and leisure. Thank you for listening to a 702 Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja podcast. Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 13:00 to 15:00 (SA Time) to Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/2qKsEfu or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/DTykncj Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Episode 244 and Victorian popular fiction author H Rider Haggard features as one of the main characters of this tale. Rider Haggards' creation called Allan Quartermain appeared in 18 novels - the first in what has become known as is the Lost World genre. George Lucas and Philip Kaufman copied the Allan Quartermain template for Indiana Jones character - as well as the basic storylines for movies like Raiders of the Lost Ark. While King Solomon's Mines is Rider Haggard's most popular work, Allan Quartermain has since reappeared in movies in the League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, which gave his books a bit of a push. His novels, which blended exploration, myth, and early ideas of evolution, also influenced the subconscious of his generation, resonating with spiritual and psychological themes that were explored by figures like Jung and Freud. Furthermore, his work reflects and grapples with late Victorian anxieties, including imperial politics, the changing role of religion, and burgeoning notions of race and empire. Right now, we're saddling up with Theophilus Shepstone in Pietermaritzburg - it's 1877. If you recall last episode, Transvaal President Burgers had gone to war against baPedi chief Sekhukhuni, which ended in a stalemate and reports of atrocities committed by German lead mercenaries. Burgers had already complained in England about their treatment of the Boer claims to the diamond fields - and the Colonial office had coughed up 90 000 pounds as compensation. You could call it a bribe, because that's what it was. The boers accepted the compensation, but did not back down on their claims to land in the vicinity of the Transvaal, including baPedi land. As long as the Transvaal remained receptive to the confederation idea at least in Carnarvon's mind, there was no real conflict to deal with amongst the local officials. But there was growing tension between an historian JJ Froude and Garnet Wolseley for example. Froude had been sent on a fact-finding mission to the colonies by Carnarvon and he became a surprising advocate for the Boers and the Free State and Transvaal Republics. His advice to Carnarvon was to let the states handle their own problems, as they resented interference from Downing Street. Cape Governor Sir Henry Barkly had been sending Carnarvon reports drawn largely from pro-annexationist newspapers in the Transvaal and the Cape Colony. These implied that the Transvaal was nearing a state of anarchy as a result of its war with the Sekukuni's baPedi. Eagerly lapping all this up was Sir Garnet Wolseley who was the very epitome of the Stiff upper lip Brit, a military officer and administrator, represented the opposite, more interventionist imperial view. In late December 1876, Sir Theophilus Shepstone departed from Pietermaritzburg in Natal with a small, almost symbolic, escort of just 25 Natal Mounted Police and a handful of officials including the young H Rider Haggard. Just as an aside, Haggard was not being paid for his duties as Shepstone's secretary. Work experience I guess you'd call it. However, Shepstone's secret instructions were far more decisive: if he deemed it necessary and opportune, he was to annex the territory to the British Crown. The Transvaal had no easy revenue base, and Shepstone introduced new taxes on both black and white Transvalers, while his administrative reforms chafed the Boers. Most resented they now had no elected representation under British rule and resistance started almost immediately.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Tuesday morning, the 30th of September, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We go to the word of God, 1 Corinthians 16:9:“For a great effective door has opened to me, and there are many adversaries.”The Lord never promised you or me a rose garden - no, no, not at all. When we accept Jesus Christ as our Lord and Saviour, we must take the full package, and that sometimes involves a lot of adversity. "A great and effective door has been opened to you." Now that happened to me in 2009, here on the Shalom Farm for the first time in my life, I saw with my own eyes over 120,000 men gathered to worship God, not people, men!I will never forget, we had a rotary platform so that I could walk full circle and the men were seated all the way around the platform. It was an amazing event, a great and effective door, something I had been praying for, for many, many years - but with it came adversaries, hard times. I was severely challenged on the Saturday morning, I had preached my heart out, it was very warm and after I had finished the message, I went down the steps, underneath the platform. My older son was finishing up the praise and worship, I was praying for a group of 50 Australian farmers, and then I felt a bit light-headed. I walked out and I collapsed. I had a heart attack. They took me to the house. I never knew that at the time. I came around, they sat me in the garden. My dear wife, Jill, brought me a nice hot cup of sweet tea. I drank half the cup and I collapsed a second time, a second heart attack. With that, they called the helicopter 911, and they cut the fence open. I was lying there, I will never forget, I had an oxygen mask on me and I am saying, “Lord, what is happening?” The greatest moment in my life up to then, and I now can't even speak. They put me on a stretcher, put me in the helicopter and as the helicopter took off, the pilot just tilted the helicopter a little bit and I could see tens of thousands of hands raised into the sky and the men were praying for me. Well, the good news is that when I got to the helipad in Pietermaritzburg, a ten minutes flight but an hour's drive, the specialist was there to see me. He put me on a treadmill and then after I had been on the treadmill for a while, he took me off the treadmill. He said, “Mr Buchan, there is nothing wrong with you. You can go home.” The next morning, I was preaching my heart out again. Oh look, I had to stop and sit down a few times. I felt like I had been hit by a Mack truck but I fully recovered. So today, open your heart for the Lord. He has got great and effective doors for you but be prepared for the fight, but remember greater is He who is within you and I than he who is in the world. (1 John 4:4)Jesus bless you and goodbye.

When we left off last episode amaHlubi chief Langalibalele and a few hundred warriors had sought shelter inside Basotholand, crossing the Drakensberg Mountains through Bushmans Pass in November 1873. When the British tried to send columns to corner him, one of the columns had been stopped by amaHlubi at the pass where five of the British troops had been killed, three young Natal Carbineers, a Basotho tracker and a translator. This event had shocked the settlers of Natal, and in response by Lieutenant Governor Chilly Pine began a campaign to destroy the amaHlubi and amaNgwe in their two locations, west of the town of where Mooi River is today. Pine declared Martial Law. Most of the amaNgwe and amaHlubi men fled, and the British rounded up women and children and the elderly. The women and children were placed in the charge of friendly chiefs in the up-country districts, while the old men were sent to Pietermarizburg to be kept under surveillance by other friendly black chiefs. On the 17th December, as a kind of afterthought, Pine followed this up with a declaration that all amaNgwe were now officially dispossessed of their land. The arbitrary killings of both clans continued mostly by the African levies, under the watchful eyes of colonial officers who appeared to be egging them on. Major Anthony Durnford, a professional soldier and engineer who'd been wounded by the amaHlubi during the battle of Bushman's Pass earlier in November was one of the few who spoke up against the bloodletting. “There have been sad sights …” he reported “…women and children butchered by our black allies too often unhappily by the permission and encouragement of the white leaders… old men too … the burnt villages — dead women … it was horrible.” Two columns of volunteers and African levies were now searching for Langalibalele. One headed to East Griqualand, while the other rode back to Bushman's Pass following the spoor left by the amaHlubi cattle. The amaHlubi warriors had taken all their cattle into Basotholand to join their chief. Natal authorities were offering a one pound reward per warrior captured, and 100 cattle for Langalibalele, dead or alive. The amaHlubi chief was deep in Basotholand, close to the Senqu river, the Orange, about fifty kilometres west of the Bushman River Pass. By early January several hundred men and about 7 000 cattle assembled under his command. He had no clear plan about what to do, his original idea was to escape from the British then ponder next steps. But now he was in Sotho territory, very much out of his depth. Boers in the Zuid Afrikaanse Republiek and the Free State formed commandos and sent them to the borders in case Langalibalele showed up — or in case any of the chiefs that surrounded their territories decided to join in. Eastern Cape and Natal English farmers sent their women and children into towns, battening down their farm hatches. Their fears were heightened by the role that Basotholand was appearing to play. In the minds of the colonists, this mountain kingdom was thought of as the Central South African powder Magazine — a place no-one could control, full of guns now bought by workers on the diamond mines and farms. It was in the heartland of south Africa, annexed by the British in 1868, ruled by a new king Letsie who had succeeded Moshoeshoe. Although annexed to the Cape in 1871, it remained a highly unstable land in the minds of colonials. Langalibalele had no idea of all of this as he considered his next steps inside Basotholand. The British had also mobilised hundreds of troops who boarded the HMS Rattlesnake in Cape Town and were en route to bolster Natal while a large police force rode into Basotholand from the Cape's eastern Frontier region. IN East Griqualand, Adam Kok's Griqua also mobilised in support of the British. The amaHlubi chief eventually handed himself over to the Basotholand chief Molapo and was taken back to Pietermaritzburg for his trial.

Do you remember as a child when your dad came home and you handed that TV remote over as fast as you could? Stacey and J Sbu explored the TV remote war at home and how exactly parents of today are keeping the peace. We heard from one listener who said their three-year-old tends to have more control of the remote than she does! Now that sent Stacey Norman over the edge, as a '90s kid, this is something she simply could not get behind. Stacey recently moved in with her partner, and she shared how she woke up at 5 am to watch UFC! Mbalenhle from Pietermaritzburg has her own TV in her bedroom, while the kids' TV is in the lounge. The key, according to Stacey (after chatting to Mbalenhle), is to have money and multiple TVs. Mario from Newlands East says his peace comes during the week as everyone watches whatever they want but on the weekend, its his time to shine! “Come the weekend, I don't want to hear nobody's [sic] excuses,” he explained. J Sbu says the TV remote handling coincides with the person who has the best seat in the lounge and the person who gets their food dished up first. “What happened to the good old days when you just sent the kids outside to play?” he said. Chrissy from Phoenix is ALWAYS in control. “The kids know the rules: when mommy is home, no one touches the remote,” she shared. She did, however, share that when her husband comes home, there tends to be a bit of a riff but they've learned how to compromise.

Moshoeshoe, the Basotho king who'd outwitted, outfought and outlived most of his enemies, was nearing his end. He had managed to ensure his chiefdom survived in signing the Treaty of Aliwal North with the British, who then annexed his territory. Or at least were about to but there were some loose ends to tie up before the Colonial Office signed off on the deal. One of the loose ends was the opposition from some French missionaries who took exception to the Treaty believing it was a cosy deal agreed between the British and the Boers of the Orange Free State which left Moshoeshoe's people with far less territory than they had originally claimed. The most pressing matter was food. Could the Basotho feed themselves with less arable land following the ceding of much of the Caledon valley to the Boers. David Dale Buchanan was the editor of the Witness Newspaper based in Pietermaritzburg who championed Moshoeshoe's claim for expanded sovereignty during boundary talks. Paris Evangelical Missionary Society's Francois Daumas joined Buchanana in actively lobbied the British government in London to reverse or soften the settlement terms that had been unfavorable to Moshoeshoe. Buchanan used his platform in Natal's colonial press to rally public and political support for Moshoeshoe, portraying the Basuto as deserving more just boundaries—and influenced the colonial secretary to consider Moshoeshoe's case more sympathetically. Meanwhile, Daumas took the issue straight to the corridors of British power in London, sailing to Britain in 1869. He pressed the Foreign Office and Colonial Office to reconsider the treaty's terms, hoping to secure territory that the Conventions had removed from Basotho ambit. Their joint efforts helped shape the High Commissioner's Notice of May 13, 1870, with an amendment in November 1871. This modification adjusted the Aliwal North boundary by Extending Basutoland eastward along the Caledon River to its true headwaters, and Restoring territory around Chief Molapo that the Orange Free State had claimed. These revisions returned critical grazing land and strategic highlands to Basutoland. Unfortunately, as you're going to hear, Moshoeshoe wasn't around to experience the fruits of their diplomacy. So it was on a January morning in 1870 that Moshoeshoe roused himself, like a candle flickering before it went out. He was about to perform a remarkable act, almost unheard of in southern Africa tradition. In his last official duty, Moshoeshoe convened a meeting of chiefs and headmen at Thaba Bosiu, and announced he was abdicating in favour of his eldest son, Letsie. It was almost a hospital pass, because Letsie would now take over a land compressed on all sides by pressure groups, African and Colonial. It was still unclear if Basotholand would survive — having barely scraped through the previous few years, the Free State Basotho war of 1865 to 1868 had drained the country of food, and crushed much of its spirit. But it was not defeated, and emerged under Letsie, balanced on a knife-edge, now protected by the British Empire. Moshoeshoe followed up his announcement at the meeting with more orders, that when Letsie died, he should be succeeded by Motsoane who was the only child of Letsie's first wife, Senate — and Senate's father was Josepha who was the eldest son of Molapo's first wife. This was an attempt by Moshoeshoe to create cohesion but it was doomed to fail because he was unilaterally changing Basotho laws of succession. Let us turn to the final weeks of Moshoeshoe's life, marked by an unseemly rivalry between French Protestants and Catholics. It is striking how the distant quarrels of European theology left their mark on South African history.The old Basotho fox had toyed with Christianity for years. Sometimes he wore it like a borrowed coat; sometimes he tossed it aside. The French missionaries were his pawns in a diplomatic game, sometimes they attempted to make him in their own image.

With many municipal pools across South Africa falling into disrepair, finding a proper 50-metre facility to train and compete in has become a major hurdle for swimmers. But a new wave of hope is rising in Pietermaritzburg with Aqua Park, a state-of-the-art, R170 million aquatic centre set to transform the future of both Olympic and Paralympic swimming in the country. Leading the charge is Theo Verster, former Olympian and now head coach of South Africa's Paralympic swimming team. The facility, featuring world-class Myrtha pool technology, promises not only elite training standards but also broad community access to nurture new talent and keep South Africa competitive on the global stage. Verster, who represented the country at the Beijing Olympics before transitioning to coaching, says para sport is one of the fastest growing sports in South Africa. He believes Aqua Park, scheduled to be completed in mid-December, will be a critical springboard to return the nation's swimmers to their former medal-winning heights.

Denver van der Bergh joins John Maytham to share his extraordinary journey from the depths of addiction in the Cape Flats to the edge of the 2025 Comrades Marathon finish line. To mark five years of sobriety, Denver is undertaking a 1,680km run from Cape Town to Pietermaritzburg to raise funds for the Ramot Treatment Centre and inspire others battling addiction Presenter John Maytham is an actor and author-turned-talk radio veteran and seasoned journalist. His show serves a round-up of local and international news coupled with the latest in business, sport, traffic and weather. The host’s eclectic interests mean the program often surprises the audience with intriguing book reviews and inspiring interviews profiling artists. A daily highlight is Rapid Fire, just after 5:30pm. CapeTalk fans call in, to stump the presenter with their general knowledge questions. Another firm favourite is the humorous Thursday crossing with award-winning journalist Rebecca Davis, called “Plan B”. Thank you for listening to a podcast from Afternoon Drive with John Maytham Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 15:00 and 18:00 (SA Time) to Afternoon Drive with John Maytham broadcast on CapeTalk https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/BSFy4Cn or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/n8nWt4x Subscribe to the CapeTalk Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/sbvVZD5 Follow us on social media: CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Die Hooggeregshof in Pietermaritzburg het aansoeke van voormalige president Jacob Zuma en die Franse wapenmaatskappy, Thales, om hul wapentransaksie-korrupsieverhoor te staak, van die hand gewys. Zuma en Thales staan tereg op aanklagte van korrupsie, bedrog, afpersing en geldwassery wat verband hou met die wapentransaksie van 1999 van multimiljard-rand. Regter Nkosinathi Chili het in sy uitspraak bevind dat die vertragings in die saak nie onredelik was nie. Die verhoor sal soos beplan voortgaan:

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Saturday morning, the 17th of May, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We go to the Book of Hebrews 12:1-2:”Therefore we also, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which so easily ensnares us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, looking unto Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith, who for the joy that was set before Him endured the cross, despising the shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.” Jesus finished His race! I want to speak to you today about one of the most gruelling marathon races on the planet. Yes, I am talking about the Comrades Marathon which is going to take place in a few weeks time. It is the Mount Everest of marathon races. In fact, it is two standard marathons, back to back, plus a few kilometres extra. I ran that race once, the downhill one from Pietermaritzburg to Durban but 14 kms from the end, I could view the Indian Ocean, I was on the outskirts of Durban, I collapsed, and was taken to hospital by ambulance and they put a drip in my arm. That happened because I did not eat and I did not drink sufficiently and, so I dehydrated.I want to tell you about a little bird. Yes, I am talking about the swallow. He is currently leaving South Africa and heading north to Europe for summer. That little bird, I don't know how much he weighs. He eats and drinks on the wing. He hardly ever stops. He catnaps on the wing, he is disciplined, and that little bird will fly all the way to Europe and then when the winter comes in Europe, he will fly all the way back down to South Africa. You and I must also be disciplined. We must spend time with Jesus Christ every single day if we are going to finish our race, and it is not a sporting race. It is a race of life and death. Many people start so well but they don't spend time with Jesus on the route and in the end they collapse and they fall by the way. Let's not do that today. Let's be disciplined like the swallow. Let's spend time with Jesus Christ. He is the source of all we need to eat and drink and we will finish the race strong!Jesus bless you and have a wonderful day,Goodbye.

Sara-Jayne Makwala King, in for Pippa Hudson, is joined by recovering addict Denver Van Der Bergh who is preparing for an incredible challenge... a run from Cape Town all the way to Pietermaritzburg. Lunch with Pippa Hudson is CapeTalk’s mid-afternoon show. This 2-hour respite from hard news encourages the audience to take the time to explore, taste, read and reflect. The show - presented by former journalist, baker and water sports enthusiast Pippa Hudson - is unashamedly lifestyle driven. Popular features include a daily profile interview #OnTheCouch at 1:10pm. Consumer issues are in the spotlight every Wednesday while the team also unpacks all things related to health, wealth & the environment. Listen live – Lunch with Pippa Hudson is broadcast weekdays between 13:00 and 15:00 (SA Time) https://www.primediaplus.com/station/capetalk Find all the catch-up podcasts here https://www.primediaplus.com/capetalk/lunch-with-pippa-hudson/show-podcasts/lunch-with-pippa-hudson/ Subscribe to the CapeTalk daily and weekly newsletters https://www.primediaplus.com/competitions/newsletter-subscription/ Follow us on social media: CapeTalk on Facebook: www.facebook.com/CapeTalk   CapeTalk on TikTok: www.tiktok.com/@capetalk   CapeTalk on Instagram: www.instagram.com/capetalkza  CapeTalk on X: www.x.com/CapeTalk  CapeTalk on YouTube: www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Renowned legal journalist Karyn Maughan joins John Maytham live from Pietermaritzburg to unpack the latest legal twist in former president Jacob Zuma’s long-running arms deal corruption trial.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Episode 211 - the year is 1857 heading into 1858. Lots the talk about! The original frontier republics and wildlands were being transformed - turning into governed territtories. In 1856 Natal was created a Crown Colony by Royal Charter, Legislation there was entrusted to a council of four officials and 12 members elected every four years by ballot. By the way, this was not only a first for South Africa, but for Great Britain itself. An experiment in election power, although the Crown retained considerable powers of veto. A civil list of those who could vote was more than modest, although the low franchise meant most were eligible to vote. Most English and Dutch, that is. What really angered the elected members was that five thousand pounds for administration was earmarked by the Crown for the benefit of black Natalians. Still, the New and unique Natal Legislative Council sat for the first time in March 1857 and its first job was to authorise the new Crown colonies stamps. By 1857 there were eight, three colonial and five republican, that is of the Cape Colony, British Kaffraria and Natal, on the other hand, the Orange Free State, Utrecht Republiek, Lydenburg, the Zoutpansberg and Pretorius' South African Republic. This was what really clever historians call Balkanisation. Little entrepots, squabbling states, spread out across the southern African landscape, sometimes working together, often competing. Natal was a kind of detached district of the Cape until it was declared a Crown Colony, an inconvenient way to run a territory. IN Natal, most of the Boers had gone, except for the northern parts. IN their place came other Europeans, like the Germans. A few had taken to market gardening around Durban, while Joseph Byrne and other speculators had launched various schemes for British Immigrants. As you know by now if you've listened to the series, quite of few of the new arrivals left almost immediately. Living in Natal is not for the squeamish, even today. Still, the villages of Pinetown, Verulam and Richmond owe their existence to these English immigrants, and so too those of Ladysmith. By 1857 there were only 8000 whites in Natal, 150 000 blacks and what they lacked in size, they made up for by being vigorous, a plethora of religious sects existed, each had its own education system, associations sprang up, and the Natal Bank opens its doors. Soon there were six newspapers in Natal including the Witness in Pietermaritzburg and the Mercury in Durban. There was almost zero industry — and both coffee and cotton had failed. The first sugar cane was imported from Mauritius and seemed to offer more, but the problem was labour. But for many years hence, the main export from Natal was ivory. And as we know, they were being shot out of existence at break kneck speed. If we glance at Southern Africa as a whole in 1857 we would notice that government had become more elaborate and less subordinated to the Cape Authorities. Local Justice was in the hands of local magistrates. Lieutenant Governors changed with bewildering rapidity, but their powers were growing as these little states began to emerge, blinking like undersized infants, into the African sunshine. Federation instead of Balkanisation was in the air at least in the mind of Cape Governor Sir George Grey. The boers were of course not thinking of anything of the sort, let alone Federation. After the wars, the settlers in the Cape were dead set against reserves, the Theopolus Shepstone plan, these drained off labour, and said the nervous English immigrants, it was dangerous to mass blacks in the heart of the Colony. The effect of the Battle of Ndondokusuka didn't help Shepstone. Thousands of amaZulu refugees of the Civil War across the Thukela led to Natal's Immigrant rules. Further inland, the policy of the Republiks was even more blunt.

Preached At Christ Our Hope Catheral,Pietermaritzburg,South Africa

Ali Sablay of Gift of the Givers joins Graeme Raubenheimer to share an update on the NGO’s swift response to this morning’s devastating fires at the Wag 'n Bietjie informal settlement in Nomzamo, Strand. Banking details: Gift of the Givers, Standard Bank, Pietermaritzburg, Account No. 052137228, Branch Code 057525. SA - NATIONAL CALL CENTRE Toll Free Number: 0800 786 911 or Email info@giftofthegivers.orgSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name. It is Sunday morning, the 8th of December, 2024, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start off in 1 Samuel 16:11:”Then he said, “There remains yet the youngest, and there he is, keeping the sheep.” What was his name? Oh yes, that was David, the Champion of Israel. When Samuel wanted to anoint the future king of Israel, Jesse called his oldest son in first, then the second one and then seven sons later, the prophet Samuel said, ”Do you have anymore sons?” “Oh yes, I have one. Right at the back looking after the sheep.” He said, ”Bring him.” Yes, he was the one!Then we go straight to the gospel of Luke 14:11:”For whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.” I read a beautiful reading this morning by a man named Thomas Champness, and this is what it says: “He who is willing to take the lowest place will always find sitting room. It won't be crowded. There is no great crush for the worst places. There is nothing like the jostling at the back that there is at the front. So if we would be comfortable we shall do well to keep behind.” Isn't that true?No jostling for the back jobs, the jobs that are not seen or heard. No, all the jostling and the competition is in the front but I want to tell you, if you know Jesus Christ, you don't have to jostle because He will take care of you. Psalm 37:4:”Delight yourself also in the Lord, And He shall give you the desires of your heart.” Don't be in a rush young Lady. Don't be in a rush young man. Spend time with God and your time will come. I used to love watching the Comrades Marathon, that long race, from Pietermaritzburg to Durban and then the next year from Durban to Pietermaritzburg. Two standard marathons, back to back, with an extra few kilometres - and that little blonde-headed man by the name of Bruce Fordyce. I used to study him. You know, when that gun went off it was very, very busy in the front, jostling, pushing - where was he? No, he was hanging in the back. You see, he knew what he had to do. He worked with a watch. He didn't worry about the crowds and he won nine gold medals, eight of them consecutively, unheard of before.Today, don't be in a rush to always get to the front. Don't be in a rush to always make yourself known or seen. God will promote you like he did with David. Jesus bless you and goodbye.

This is episode 172 and we're galloping back to cover the effect of the Boers 33 Articles, approved by the Volksraad on April 9th 1844, and thus installing the little Republic of Potchefstroom. Some of the articles and the fledgling laws and rules were going to crop up throughout the history of South Africa, all the way through to the time of apartheid, and even to the present. If you recall, the Natal Boers and the Vaal Boers had been in dispute — largely because of the difference of opinion between their two leaders, Hendrick Potgieter on the highveld, and Andries Pretorius who had been based in Natal. With the British declaring sovereignty over Natal, many Voortrekkers upped and offed, trekking back over the Drakensberg back to the transOrangia region, and up along the Vaal, while some ended up further north. So we're going to take a look at this period. In 1849 there was a temporary union between the communities north of the Vaal, who adopted what amounted to the basis of what was to become the Transvaal Constitution. This constitution continued until the foundation of the South African Republic — which was only repealed in 1901 when its provisions ceased to be applicable. That is except for the application of the Roman-Dutch system of law. The thing to keep in mind was that the 33 Articles cannot be regarded as a formal constitution. For a start, there was no definition of various authorities in the State, and most of the 33 Articles were concerned with the procedure in the Courts. When it came to matters of Government, even the most elementary kind, the Articles were silent. Each emergency that arose subsequent to it's ratification in 1844 led to a rewriting of the Articles to cover for the gaps in how to manage the state. Even the Volksraad was referred to in the vaguest terms possible. Often when disputes arose, another constitution, that of the Winburg Boers, regulated the Articles. Another character we've met pops up again. Johan Arnold Smellekamp - a citizen of the Netherlands. If you remember a previous podcast, he'd popped up in Natal and told the Volksraad in Pietermaritzburg that the Dutch Royal family was taking an active interest in the Voortrekkers. He'd stretched the truth to say the least, and had many members of the Volksraad convinced that if they fought the English for Natal, the Dutch would come to their aid. Holland did not. King William II rejected the proposed connection between the Netherlands and the Voortrekkers of Natal and before the year was out he apologised to White Hall for the affray caused by Smellekamp and his activities. That didn't stop the self-aggrindising Smellekamp, who returned to Natal in 1843 but was refused entry into Port Natal by the British. So he headed to Delagoa Bay instead, and after the creation of the 33 Articles in 1844 and the declaration of independence by the Potch Winburg republic by Hendrick Potgieter, Smellekamp popped up once again, riding into Potch that Winter. This is where things get really interesting. Partly owing to Smellekamp's persuation, and partly driven by his own obsessions, Potgieter made the fateful decision to organise a new trek at the end of 1844, heading towards Delagoa Bay. After a few weeks they arrived at a site they called Blyde River. Happy River. Potgieter believed that this site was only three days ride from the sea. He was wrong. They setup a new settlement and promptly named it Andries-Ohrigstad. When Potgieter's wagons rolled onto the hills of Ohrigstad of course, they were not empty of people — and this is again where the story gets more interesting — the plot thickens to a consistency of treacle. Because the people he met there were the baPedi, who'd been forced out of their ancestral land by the amaNdebele of Mzilikazi two decades earlier. Take a look at a map and the location of iSWatini. By now it was being ruled by a very young King Mswati the First.