Podcasts about Drakensberg

he only road linking South Africa and Lesotho over the Drakensberg, Sani Pass in KwaZulu-Natal, has been closed following heavy snowfall. The KwaZulu-Natal Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs Department says severe weather forced the shutdown. Sakina Kamwendo spoke to Senzelwe Mzila, KwaZulu-Natal Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs spokesperson Senzelwe Mzila.

Bongani Bingwa speaks to Willem Eksteen, Board Director for Marketing and Fundraising at the Drakensberg Boys Choir School, about Music in the City 2026. The discussion explores the choir's return to Johannesburg, international collaboration through music, and how the event supports opportunities for young aspiring choristers. 702 Breakfast with Bongani Bingwa is broadcast on 702, a Johannesburg based talk radio station. Bongani makes sense of the news, interviews the key newsmakers of the day, and holds those in power to account on your behalf. The team bring you all you need to know to start your day Thank you for listening to a podcast from 702 Breakfast with Bongani Bingwa Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 06:00 and 09:00 (SA Time) to Breakfast with Bongani Bingwa broadcast on 702: https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/36edSLV or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/zEcM35T Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio7See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

To get Cape fynbos and proteas ready for the Chelsea Flower Show after wildfire one year and drenching rain the next is no small feat. But Leon Kluge, South Africa's plant guru and master designer, has done it again. This year he returned from the RHS Chelsea Flower Show in London, the world's most prestigious floral showcase, with not only a Gold medal but also the coveted Best Exhibit in the Great Pavilion for Life After Fire. The display, one of South Africa's largest ever at Chelsea, featured 20,000 stems, thousands of burnt protea branches and even blooms from the Drakensberg. In an interview with BizNews, Kluge describes the hurdles he and artist Tristan Woudberg faced, from hostile weather to the soaring cost of flights. South Africans will be able to see the exhibition in September in Stanford in the Overberg, an event dedicated to the community and the flower pickers who helped make it possible. Kluge says South Africa's natural spaces are becoming fewer and more fragile, and that he sees it as his responsibility to tell the story of an ecosystem that is both uniquely vulnerable and admired around the world. – Linda van Tilburg

Thirsty? There's Only One Source That Truly Satisfies.Have you ever been truly thirsty? Not just physically thirsty — but spiritually dry, empty, exhausted, or longing for something more?In this deeply relatable and powerful message, Ps. Candice Chicken explores Jesus' invitation in John 7:37-39:"If anyone is thirsty, let him come to Me and drink."Through humorous personal stories, biblical insight, and practical encouragement, this sermon reminds us that every human soul carries a thirst that can only be satisfied through Jesus and the ongoing infilling of the Holy Spirit.Ps. Candice begins by sharing a memorable hiking story in the Drakensberg where an entire church hiking group ran out of water. The desperation, exhaustion, and relief of finally receiving water becomes a picture of the spiritual thirst so many people carry every day.We often try to satisfy that thirst with:SuccessMoneyAchievementRelationshipsWorkStatusPossessionsBut none of those things can truly satisfy the soul.Only Jesus can.Diving into John 7, Ps. Candice unpacks the powerful context behind Jesus' words during the Feast of Tabernacles — a celebration where Israel remembered God's provision of water in the wilderness. At the height of the ceremony, while priests poured water over the altar in worship, Jesus stood up and declared:"If anyone is thirsty, let him come to Me and drink."Jesus was revealing that He Himself is the source of living water — and that the Holy Spirit would come to continually fill believers from within.This message follows four powerful spiritual progressions:1. Invitation — ComeJesus does not force Himself on anyone. He extends an invitation. Every person is invited to come to Him, regardless of background, status, or history. The question is: will we respond?2. Belief — Turn on the TapThe moment we believe in Jesus, the source of life within us changes. Self-sufficiency is replaced by the presence of God. Ps. Candice compares salvation to turning on a tap — living water begins flowing immediately, even if growth takes time.3. Filling — Drink ContinuallyOne of the strongest themes in this message is the need for continual filling. Just like our physical bodies need water daily, our spirits need daily time in God's presence.Ps. Candice shares practical, everyday examples:Stressful school morningsDelayed shopsTraffic frustrationsWork pressureParenting challengesEmotional exhaustionAnd in every moment, the answer is the same:Go back to Jesus. Be filled again.Not once a month.Not once a week.Daily. Hourly. Continually.Because we cannot do life spiritually dehydrated.4. Overflow — Rivers of Living WaterWhen we continually allow the Holy Spirit to fill us, our lives begin to overflow into the lives of others.Instead of merely surviving, we become:Hope bringersPeacemakersEncouragersWitnessesAtmosphere changersCarriers of God's presencePs. Candice reminds us that Scripture says rivers of living water should flow from believers — not tiny trickles.The message also highlights the life of Smith Wigglesworth, an ordinary man who experienced extraordinary transformation through the infilling of the Holy Spirit and went on to impact thousands for Jesus.This sermon is both an invitation and a challenge:Come to JesusBelieve in HimContinually be filledOverflow into the world around youIf you've been spiritually dry, weary, distracted, discouraged, or searching for peace, this message will encourage you to return to the source of living water.Key Scripture:John 7:37-39In This Episode:The spiritual meaning of thirstWhy success can't satisfy the soulThe Feast of Tabernacles explainedThe role of the Holy Spirit in everyday lifeHow to stay spiritually filled dailyLiving a life that overflows onto othersPractical ways to reconnect with God throughout the dayIf this message encouraged you, share it with someone who may need refreshing today.⛪ Thrive Church Helping people move towards Jesus.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Sunday morning, the 3rd of May, 2026, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in Psalm 103:1: ”Bless the Lord, O my soul; And all that is within me, bless His holy name!” The Psalm of David, and then we go to Psalm 121:1-2: ”I will lift up my eyes to the hills—From whence comes my help? My help comes from the Lord, who made heaven and earth.” Then the last scripture is found in the Gospel of Luke 19:40, and this is Jesus speaking, “…I tell you that if these should keep silent, the stones would immediately cry out.” Isn't that beautiful?I had the privilege of going to the Drakensberg Boys Choir School, in the mighty Drakensberg mountains and I told those young boys, beautiful singers. I said, ”Don't let anybody ever look down on you and think that you are not strong.” I said, ”The strongest man in Israel is none other than David who was a worshipper. He was a singer, and he was the one who killed Goliath, the giant, with one stone when he was a young teenager. Don't look down upon yourselves boys. God has gifted you to be able to sing.”The Tribe of Judah would always go into battle first. They were the singers, and then the rest of the army would follow, and I want to say to you, my dear friend, I don't know what you're going through at the moment but whatever it is, start to worship and praise God, and you will be surprised how God will strengthen you!Folks, I want to tell you today, when you are under the whip, it is time to praise the Lord. I brought the word of God to those young boys and they responded by singing to me and I want to tell you, it lifted my very soul, and I want to tell you today to sing up and to praise and worship God and He will heal you. He will set you free. He will give you new vision and new hope! Jesus bless you and a wonderful day. Goodbye.

It is a long weekend and for many of us that means getting on the road. Whether you are heading up to the Drakensberg, down to the South Coast, or making your way back home, the roads across KZN are going to be busy. J Sbu caught up with the KZN Department of Transport spokesperson Mr Ndabezinhle Sibiya. The department launched a campaign called #NenzaniLaEzweni, which is aimed at encouraging all road users to make responsible choices this long weekend. Here's how that went…

Aujourd'hui, on vous emmène en Afrique du Sud. Un pays immense, lumineux, sauvage.Notre invitée s'appelle Sophie et il y a 10 ans, elle a tout quitté, Paris, son job dans la finance, et son confort pour partir vivre là-bas.Elle est depuis, installée au cœur du Drakensberg, dans une réserve zouloue, loin du tourisme de masse. Avec son compagnon, ils ont redonné vie à un lodge accroché à flanc de falaise.Depuis, l'Afrique du Sud est devenue son quotidien. Alors on lui a posé une question simple :Si vous deviez partir demain en Afrique du Sud, que faut-il absolument voir, vivre, goûter… et comprendre ?Dans cet épisode court, Sophie partage son Afrique du Sud à elle : ses coups de cœur, ses idées reçues à déconstruire, ses conseils très concrets, et ce qui rend ce pays aussi puissant qu'attachant.Un podcast produit et réalisé par Sakti Productions & Beau Voyage

Aujourd'hui, on vous emmène en Afrique du Sud, au cœur du Drakensberg, là où vit notre invitée, Sophie.Mais avant, Sophie travaillait dans la finance à Paris. Des journées à rallonge. Du béton. Du bruit. Et puis à 45 ans, enceinte, elle dit stop.Avec son compagnon, ils vendent tout et partent chercher un lieu en Afrique du Sud. Trois ans de repérages, de visites, de doutes… jusqu'au jour où ils voient un lodge accroché à une falaise, loin du tourisme de masse, au cœur d'une réserve zouloue.. Et là : c'est évident. Ce sera leur endroit.Onze ans plus tard, ils vivent toujours là, à Esiweni, au milieu des Big Five, avec les imprévus de la brousse, les traces de lions le matin… Dans cet épisode, Sophie raconte une aventure de vie incroyable, faite de rencontres, de défis, d'improvisation… mais surtout de joie : la sensation d'être enfin à sa place, de vivre au rythme de la nature, et de se dire chaque matin : “On a fait le bon choix.” Elle raconte aussi "le vrai", à savoir les débuts sans internet, les meubles qui n'arrivent pas, les clients qui débarquent alors qu'il n'y a “rien”, l'adaptation à une autre culture… Une rencontre incroyable qu'on a adoré et on espère que l'épisode vous plaira tout autant !Belle écoute.Un podcast produit et réalisé par Sakti Productions & Beau Voyage

Aujourd'hui, on vous emmène en Afrique du Sud, au cœur du Drakensberg, là où vit notre invitée, Sophie.Mais avant, Sophie travaillait dans la finance à Paris. Des journées à rallonge. Du béton. Du bruit. Et puis à 45 ans, enceinte, elle dit stop.Avec son compagnon, ils vendent tout et partent chercher un lieu en Afrique du Sud. Trois ans de repérages, de visites, de doutes… jusqu'au jour où ils voient un lodge accroché à une falaise, loin du tourisme de masse, au cœur d'une réserve zouloue.. Et là : c'est évident. Ce sera leur endroit.Onze ans plus tard, ils vivent toujours là, à Esiweni, au milieu des Big Five, avec les imprévus de la brousse, les traces de lions le matin… Dans cet épisode, Sophie raconte une aventure de vie incroyable, faite de rencontres, de défis, d'improvisation… mais surtout de joie : la sensation d'être enfin à sa place, de vivre au rythme de la nature, et de se dire chaque matin : “On a fait le bon choix.” Elle raconte aussi "le vrai", à savoir les débuts sans internet, les meubles qui n'arrivent pas, les clients qui débarquent alors qu'il n'y a “rien”, l'adaptation à une autre culture… Une rencontre incroyable qu'on a adoré et on espère que l'épisode vous plaira tout autant !Belle écoute.Un podcast produit et réalisé par Sakti Productions & Beau Voyage

Gugs Mhlungu speaks to Sibusiso Mkwanazi, Lifestyle and travel writer, about exciting, unique, and budget-friendly activities people can enjoy during the festive season. 702 Weekend Breakfast with Gugs Mhlungu is broadcast on 702, a Johannesburg based talk radio station, on Saturdays and Sundays Gugs Mhlungu gets you ready for the weekend each Saturday and Sunday morning on 702. She is your weekend wake-up companion, with all you need to know for your weekend. The topics Gugs covers range from lifestyle, family, health, and fitness to books, motoring, cooking, culture, and what is happening on the weekend in 702land. Thank you for listening to a podcast from 702 Weekend Breakfast with Gugs Mhlungu. Listen live on Primedia+ on Saturdays and Sundays from 06:00 and 10:00 (SA Time) to Weekend Breakfast with Gugs Mhlungu broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/u3Sf7Zy or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/BIXS7AL Subscribe to the 702 daily and weekly newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The Wild Flower Weekend at The Cavern offers relaxed guided walks through the Drakensberg's protea savannas and forests, perfect for anyone curious about nature. The Botanical Art Week, led by Gillian Condy and Elsa Pooley, combines morning plant walks with studio sessions, where beginners and experienced artists create botanical paintings while enjoying Cavern's warm hospitality. Radio Life & Style on Facebook · The Morning Show Sponsor: Excellerate Security

This is episode 238 and it's going to be full of legal back and forth, all about the Langalibalele Rebellion, another little war as the London times called it — it's action at Bushman's River Pass after which British engineers will be sent to blow up bits of the Drakensberg. In 1873 Benjamin Chilly Campbell Pine was reappointed as Lieutenant-Governor of Natal. Pine was a career officer in the British Colonial Services, and this was the second time he was taking up the post of Lieutenant Governor in Natal. His first stint was logged between April 1850 to March 1855 and Pinetown on the hills above Durban is named after him. Then he spent time in the Gold Coast in Ghana, then the West Indies, as Governor of the Leeward Islands and Antigua. His second stint was cut short largely because of how he was going to deal with the Langalibalele affair. Two other colonials will feature through our story this episode, one being Theophilus Shepstone the Secretary of Native Affairs in Natal, and the other was Bishop John Colenso who was a liberal humanist and the implacable enemy of most British settlers. Pine's administration had to contend with the "Shepstone System," a policy of indirect rule developed by Theophilus Shepstone. This controversially separated African and European populations and was a dominant force in Natal's governance during Pine's tenure. While Pine and Shepstone collaborated, their administrations also faced criticism from white settlers over issues of land, labor, and the financing of native policy. The other main character of our tale today was Langalibalele, the hereditary chief of the Hlubi tribe from around 1836. After fleeing Zululand in 1849, he and his fellow refugees were granted land by the colonial authorities in the Escourt District, west of the town along the Msuluzi and Mtshezi Rivers. The town was laid out by Colonel Estcourt In 1847 and named after the British officer. The land the amaHlubi were handed was technically not for free, their obligations included protecting the colony from the San Raiders some galloping in from as far away as the Maluti Mountains. Langalibalele and his people were part of the Shepstone System, granted their own territory seperated from white farms. Ten years after arriving in their fertile rolling hills, Langalibalele headed off to Iswatini, Swaziland, where he'd fetched his head wife, uMzamose in 1857. There was some confusion about what the amaHlubi were expected to do. Essentially, their role was to form a buffer zone in the region and were even presented with some guns for that purpose, and once jobs opened up on the diamond mines, hundreds of amaHlubi men headed off to labour in Griqualand West, returning with valuable goods like horses, and more guns. The people flourished through the 1860s and into the early 1870s and were at peace with the colonial farmers, growing from 7 000 to 10 000 souls, with 15 000 head of cattle. The original 364 square kilometres of their land extended to more than 700 square kilometres. But the relationship with the British was riven by confusion and distrust. Natal was isolated from the hinterland by the formidabble Drakensberg Mountains, and was surrounded by black nations, thus increasing the paranoia of the settlers. The amaThembu and Xhosa to the south were respected, not to mention the amaZulu to the north East. Communication with the Cape was slow along the few roads and by sea, there were also few transport corridors in Natal itself which engendering a feeling of insecurity among the colonists.In Early March 1873 John Macfarlane singled Langalibalele and the amaHlubi out and demanded the registration of their guns in terms of Law 5. Langalibalele said he was too busy and suffering from an illness, and could not be expected to head off across such as vast area looking for his 2000 men and counting their guns. A war was brewing.

This is episode 238 and it's going to be full of legal back and forth, all about the Langalibalele Rebellion, another little war as the London times called it — it's action at Bushman's River Pass after which British engineers will be sent to blow up bits of the Drakensberg. In 1873 Benjamin Chilly Campbell Pine was reappointed as Lieutenant-Governor of Natal. Pine was a career officer in the British Colonial Services, and this was the second time he was taking up the post of Lieutenant Governor in Natal. His first stint was logged between April 1850 to March 1855 and Pinetown on the hills above Durban is named after him. Then he spent time in the Gold Coast in Ghana, then the West Indies, as Governor of the Leeward Islands and Antigua. His second stint was cut short largely because of how he was going to deal with the Langalibalele affair. Two other colonials will feature through our story this episode, one being Theophilus Shepstone the Secretary of Native Affairs in Natal, and the other was Bishop John Colenso who was a liberal humanist and the implacable enemy of most British settlers. Pine's administration had to contend with the "Shepstone System," a policy of indirect rule developed by Theophilus Shepstone. This controversially separated African and European populations and was a dominant force in Natal's governance during Pine's tenure. While Pine and Shepstone collaborated, their administrations also faced criticism from white settlers over issues of land, labor, and the financing of native policy. The other main character of our tale today was Langalibalele, the hereditary chief of the Hlubi tribe from around 1836. After fleeing Zululand in 1849, he and his fellow refugees were granted land by the colonial authorities in the Escourt District, west of the town along the Msuluzi and Mtshezi Rivers. The town was laid out by Colonel Estcourt In 1847 and named after the British officer. The land the amaHlubi were handed was technically not for free, their obligations included protecting the colony from the San Raiders some galloping in from as far away as the Maluti Mountains. Langalibalele and his people were part of the Shepstone System, granted their own territory seperated from white farms. Ten years after arriving in their fertile rolling hills, Langalibalele headed off to Iswatini, Swaziland, where he'd fetched his head wife, uMzamose in 1857. There was some confusion about what the amaHlubi were expected to do. Essentially, their role was to form a buffer zone in the region and were even presented with some guns for that purpose, and once jobs opened up on the diamond mines, hundreds of amaHlubi men headed off to labour in Griqualand West, returning with valuable goods like horses, and more guns. The people flourished through the 1860s and into the early 1870s and were at peace with the colonial farmers, growing from 7 000 to 10 000 souls, with 15 000 head of cattle. The original 364 square kilometres of their land extended to more than 700 square kilometres. But the relationship with the British was riven by confusion and distrust. Natal was isolated from the hinterland by the formidabble Drakensberg Mountains, and was surrounded by black nations, thus increasing the paranoia of the settlers. The amaThembu and Xhosa to the south were respected, not to mention the amaZulu to the north East. Communication with the Cape was slow along the few roads and by sea, there were also few transport corridors in Natal itself which engendering a feeling of insecurity among the colonists.In Early March 1873 John Macfarlane singled Langalibalele and the amaHlubi out and demanded the registration of their guns in terms of Law 5. Langalibalele said he was too busy and suffering from an illness, and could not be expected to head off across such as vast area looking for his 2000 men and counting their guns. A war was brewing.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Thursday morning, the 24th of July, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We go to that well-known scripture in the Book of Philippians 4:6 (Amplified Version) “Do not be anxious or worried about anything, but in everything [every circumstance and situation] by prayer and petition with thanksgiving, continue to make your [specific] requests known to God.” The Lord wants to tell you and me this morning that He wants us to climb our mountain. What does that mean? Fulfil our vision, run the race, attempt great things for God and expect great things from God. That is what William Carey said. You know, I want to tell you a story about one of the greatest evangelists of our modern age - yes, I am talking about DL Moody. Dwight Lymon Moody was in the UK. He had been preaching, something like 2 million decisions for Christ, he was extremely tired, and they persuaded him to go and see a heart specialist in Harley Street, the Main Street in London, where all the medical fraternity were. The heart specialist said to him, “If you don't slow down, if you don't ease up, you are going to die.” After he had been told that and got on the ship to go back to America, the ship got into trouble and the ship was in a storm and it nearly sank. That day Dwight Lymon Moody realised that his future was in God's hands, that he could have drowned, the ship could have sunk. It didn't sink as it turned out, another ship came along and rescued it but it made him realise that every day he has belongs to God, and he decided there was no way he was pulling back. He would keep going until such time that the Lord saw fit to take him home.You and I cannot extend our lives one minute, never mind one day, without God's permission. Remember God is in Heaven and we are not, so why, my dear friend, this morning, are you anxious, why are you fearful? You know, if you look at the word of God in John 14:1, Jesus Himself said: “Let not your heart be troubled; you believe in God, believe also in Me.” The Lord is in full control of your life. Before you were conceived in your mother's womb the Lord had already allotted the number of days that you were going to live on this earth, not one day longer, not one day shorter, so let's do it.I remember a story of a man who went to see a doctor, I think it was in Australia. They said “You have three months to live, your heart is packing up. Go and just sit quietly at home”. So he thought, “I have got nothing to lose.” So he got on a ship and he came to South Africa, and he climbed some of the most treacherous mountains in the Drakensberg, and you know what happened? That man lived until he was in his eighties. I want to say to you today, climb your mountain!Jesus bless you and goodbye.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name. It is Saturday morning, the 7th of June, 2025, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start in the Book of Isaiah 53:5:”And by His stripes we are healed.” Then we go to 1 Peter 2:24: “…by whose stripes you were healed.” Jesus Christ did not heal us sitting in His palace in Heaven. No, he came down to earth and was crucified for our sins on the tree, the Cross. He was severely beaten, humiliated, and thrashed with a whip that made His back look like a ploughed field, the Bible tells us, and by the blood that came out of His back, by the stripes that He received, you and I have received our healing. Now I want to share two testimonies with you. Now, the first happened in Bethesda in the Old City in Jerusalem, a couple of years ago when I took a large group of pilgrims to Israel. We were at the swirling pool where the man who was paralysed was healed by Jesus. Remember, he couldn't get into that pool because it only stirred up once a year. The angel would stir it up, and the first person that got into that pool of water was healed, but because he was paralysed, he couldn't get there, but Jesus healed him right in that position. He took up his bed and he walked. That is the power of the healing of Jesus Christ. Now, I was praying for the sick at that same place. There was a man who came forward for healing. He and his dear wife are farmers at the base of the mighty Drakensberg mountains. They had a coal stove. They had stoked the coal at night. They had gone to bed, and during the night, the chimney in the stove had fallen and jammed so that the smoke could not get out, and so what happened, the fumes, the carbon monoxide, the same sort of fumes that come out of a motorcar, went through the house and they were both unconscious and only found a long time afterwards. The gentleman was in a coma for a number of days. He did recover, as did his wife, but he had brain damage. He couldn't remember things and he had no balance. I want to tell you that he was healed at Bethesda, at the healing pool, when we prayed for him. The same thing happened to me on Easter Sunday of this very year, 2025. I prayed for a young man who had cancer of the brain. God healed him, but the amazing thing was that when I was praying for the sick, I myself was sick, and God has healed me as well. He is the Healer and He wants to heal you today. Jesus bless you and goodbye.

This is episode 225, and the Griqua have trekked from Philippolis near modern day Kimberley, to the Maluti Mountains, a place called Nomansland. In March 1861 Faku Ka-Ngqungqushe of the amaMpondo had ceded the territory to the British, ostensibly so that Theopholis Shepstone could plant the refugees of the Zulu Civil War there, but that idea was scotched, and the Cape Governor gave the territory over to the Griqua. By the time the great Griqua migration reached what would become Griqualand East, others had already begun trickling into this remote and mesmerising landscape — a highland plateau that straddles the transition between KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape, hemmed in by the southern Drakensberg. At over 1,600 metres above sea level, winters bite hard here when the frost laces the sandstone ridges, and the mornings arrive cloaked in icy mist. But come spring, the veld stirs with startling vigour: the ground blushes green, and indigenous flora such as Watsonia pillansii or Pillans watsonia, Dierama reynoldsii fairy bell or hairbell, and the fiery Kniphofia caulescens — the Drakensberg red-hot poker, thrust their blooms skyward. Aloes cling to rocky outcrops, and if you're lucky, you might glimpse the iridescent flash of a malachite sunbird, the Nectarinia famosa, feeding on nectar, or hear the distinct call of the ground woodpecker aka Geocolaptes olivaceus echoing from a sandstone cliff. After an arduous few weeks from their farms near Philippolis, Kok's people arrived at Ongeluk's Nek and you know if you've listened to the previous podcast why it was given this name. ON the way they had passed passed through part of land claimed by Basotho king Moshoehoe, around the Hangklip area — that's just south east of Zastron today. Then began the arduous process of clearing a road down the mountain starting at Ongeluks Nek. It was no child's play. Every morning, according to the annals, men set about with pick and crowbar, hammer and drills, powder and fuse to dig out a track down the mountainside. It took weeks for the track to be hacked from the rock, and the 2000 men, women and children, their dogs and livestock, managed to slide and roll down the side heading towards a small settlement about six kilometers north of where the town of Kokstad is today. The Griqua had finally, in their minds, arrived at their promised land. Here were rolling hills, the lower Maloti, sweet tasting river water, springs, green grass. In the ravines there were forests and the Griqua began to cut down these trees to build houses.The fledgling Griqualand state began to emerge, murderers were executed, criminals were tried and convicted and the Volksraad gathered every six months to discuss laws. This elementary form of democracy featured lengthy discussions and very little note-taking. A chief officer was elected, called a Kaptyn like the Khoekhoe leaders of old, and a privy council or executive council as it was also known was setup.

This is episode 225, and the Griqua have trekked from Philippolis near modern day Kimberley, to the Maluti Mountains, a place called Nomansland. In March 1861 Faku Ka-Ngqungqushe of the amaMpondo had ceded the territory to the British, ostensibly so that Theopholis Shepstone could plant the refugees of the Zulu Civil War there, but that idea was scotched, and the Cape Governor gave the territory over to the Griqua. By the time the great Griqua migration reached what would become Griqualand East, others had already begun trickling into this remote and mesmerising landscape — a highland plateau that straddles the transition between KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern Cape, hemmed in by the southern Drakensberg. At over 1,600 metres above sea level, winters bite hard here when the frost laces the sandstone ridges, and the mornings arrive cloaked in icy mist. But come spring, the veld stirs with startling vigour: the ground blushes green, and indigenous flora such as Watsonia pillansii or Pillans watsonia, Dierama reynoldsii fairy bell or hairbell, and the fiery Kniphofia caulescens — the Drakensberg red-hot poker, thrust their blooms skyward. Aloes cling to rocky outcrops, and if you're lucky, you might glimpse the iridescent flash of a malachite sunbird, the Nectarinia famosa, feeding on nectar, or hear the distinct call of the ground woodpecker aka Geocolaptes olivaceus echoing from a sandstone cliff. After an arduous few weeks from their farms near Philippolis, Kok's people arrived at Ongeluk's Nek and you know if you've listened to the previous podcast why it was given this name. ON the way they had passed passed through part of land claimed by Basotho king Moshoehoe, around the Hangklip area — that's just south east of Zastron today. Then began the arduous process of clearing a road down the mountain starting at Ongeluks Nek. It was no child's play. Every morning, according to the annals, men set about with pick and crowbar, hammer and drills, powder and fuse to dig out a track down the mountainside. It took weeks for the track to be hacked from the rock, and the 2000 men, women and children, their dogs and livestock, managed to slide and roll down the side heading towards a small settlement about six kilometers north of where the town of Kokstad is today. The Griqua had finally, in their minds, arrived at their promised land. Here were rolling hills, the lower Maloti, sweet tasting river water, springs, green grass. In the ravines there were forests and the Griqua began to cut down these trees to build houses.The fledgling Griqualand state began to emerge, murderers were executed, criminals were tried and convicted and the Volksraad gathered every six months to discuss laws. This elementary form of democracy featured lengthy discussions and very little note-taking. A chief officer was elected, called a Kaptyn like the Khoekhoe leaders of old, and a privy council or executive council as it was also known was setup.

This is episode 224 — the sound in the background is the weather - the other sound is the creaking of wagons as another great trek begins. We're going to trace the arc of Southern Africa's climate, beginning in the early 19th century, before turning to the decade under review — the 1860s — and following the path of the Griqua Great Trek into Nomansland. First let's get our heads around the cycles of drought and flood in southern Africa. The pernicious climate. As Professor Mike Meadows of UCT's Environmental Sciences Department observed back in 2002, South Africa's climate has long danced to an unpredictable rhythm — one marked by dramatic shifts in both rainfall and its timing. Precipitation follows a kind of cycle, yes, but one that keeps its own secrets. Some years bring bounty, others drought, and the line between the two is often sharp and sudden. The climate, in short, plays favourites with no one — and when it comes to rain, it can be maddeningly capricious. So while the calendar may promise a rainy season, it rarely tells us how generous the skies will be. The patterns are there — but the quantities? That's anyone's guess. South Africa, after all, is a land of dryness. Over 90 percent of its surface falls under what scientists call “affected drylands” — a polite term for places where water is scarce and the margins are thin. The rest? Even drier. Hyper-arid zones, where the land holds its breath and waits. And by the mid-19th century, much of this land was beginning to fray under the strain — overgrazed, overworked, slowly giving way to the long creep of degradation. South Africa's landscape is anything but simple. It's rugged, sculpted by time, with steep slopes and a dramatic stretch from the tropics to the temperate zone. But the story of our climate doesn't end on land. It's shaped by a swirling conversation between oceans and continents — a conversation held over centuries by systems with lyrical names: the Mozambique Channel Trough, the Mascarene High, the Southern Annular Mode, and the twin dipoles of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Then there's the heavyweight — the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, or ENSO — which has long held sway over our rainfall and drought cycles. The dry was one of the motivations for another Great Trek about to take place. The Griqua's who'd been living in the transOrangia since the late 1700s began to question their position in the world. With the Boers now controlling the Free State, and Moshoeshoe powerful in Lesotho, it was time to assess their options. In 1861, the Griqua joined the list of mass migrations of the 19th Century. There had been the effect of the Mfecane, then the Voortrekkers, and now, the Griqua. Two thousand people left Philippolis to establish themselves in Nomansland, far to the east, past Moshoeshoe's land over the Drakensberg. The reason why historians like Cambridge's Robert Ross call it spectacular was the road that the Griqua cut for themselves across the high ridges of the mountains, a remarkable feat of engineering for the time.

This is episode 224 — the sound in the background is the weather - the other sound is the creaking of wagons as another great trek begins. We're going to trace the arc of Southern Africa's climate, beginning in the early 19th century, before turning to the decade under review — the 1860s — and following the path of the Griqua Great Trek into Nomansland. First let's get our heads around the cycles of drought and flood in southern Africa. The pernicious climate. As Professor Mike Meadows of UCT's Environmental Sciences Department observed back in 2002, South Africa's climate has long danced to an unpredictable rhythm — one marked by dramatic shifts in both rainfall and its timing. Precipitation follows a kind of cycle, yes, but one that keeps its own secrets. Some years bring bounty, others drought, and the line between the two is often sharp and sudden. The climate, in short, plays favourites with no one — and when it comes to rain, it can be maddeningly capricious. So while the calendar may promise a rainy season, it rarely tells us how generous the skies will be. The patterns are there — but the quantities? That's anyone's guess. South Africa, after all, is a land of dryness. Over 90 percent of its surface falls under what scientists call “affected drylands” — a polite term for places where water is scarce and the margins are thin. The rest? Even drier. Hyper-arid zones, where the land holds its breath and waits. And by the mid-19th century, much of this land was beginning to fray under the strain — overgrazed, overworked, slowly giving way to the long creep of degradation. South Africa's landscape is anything but simple. It's rugged, sculpted by time, with steep slopes and a dramatic stretch from the tropics to the temperate zone. But the story of our climate doesn't end on land. It's shaped by a swirling conversation between oceans and continents — a conversation held over centuries by systems with lyrical names: the Mozambique Channel Trough, the Mascarene High, the Southern Annular Mode, and the twin dipoles of the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Then there's the heavyweight — the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, or ENSO — which has long held sway over our rainfall and drought cycles. The dry was one of the motivations for another Great Trek about to take place. The Griqua's who'd been living in the transOrangia since the late 1700s began to question their position in the world. With the Boers now controlling the Free State, and Moshoeshoe powerful in Lesotho, it was time to assess their options. In 1861, the Griqua joined the list of mass migrations of the 19th Century. There had been the effect of the Mfecane, then the Voortrekkers, and now, the Griqua. Two thousand people left Philippolis to establish themselves in Nomansland, far to the east, past Moshoeshoe's land over the Drakensberg. The reason why historians like Cambridge's Robert Ross call it spectacular was the road that the Griqua cut for themselves across the high ridges of the mountains, a remarkable feat of engineering for the time.

Discover the magic of the Drakensberg! Africa Melane chats with Bryon vander Riet from Cathedral Peak Hotel.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Huldeblyke stroom in vir die ontslape veteraan-parlementariër, Koos van der Merwe. Hulpverlening en reddingspogings is gister by van Reenenspas in die Drakensberg voortgesit. Die DNS van mense wat tienduisend jaar gelede in die George-omgewing gewoon het, word uitgepluis.

The Drakensberg Boys Choir Ushukela Vibes concerts are taking place at the iZulu Theatre at Sibaya tonight. They join us in studio for a riveting chat. Webpage

Speaking with Bongani Bingwa is Dave Cato, Executive Head of the Drakensberg Boys Choir School, which is participating in Music in the City 2024 from May 30 to June 2, 2024, on the Nelson Mandela Stage at the Johannesburg Theatre. The internationally acclaimed group's music will be included in a presentation that promises to be a world-class experience.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This is episode 172 and we're galloping back to cover the effect of the Boers 33 Articles, approved by the Volksraad on April 9th 1844, and thus installing the little Republic of Potchefstroom. Some of the articles and the fledgling laws and rules were going to crop up throughout the history of South Africa, all the way through to the time of apartheid, and even to the present. If you recall, the Natal Boers and the Vaal Boers had been in dispute — largely because of the difference of opinion between their two leaders, Hendrick Potgieter on the highveld, and Andries Pretorius who had been based in Natal. With the British declaring sovereignty over Natal, many Voortrekkers upped and offed, trekking back over the Drakensberg back to the transOrangia region, and up along the Vaal, while some ended up further north. So we're going to take a look at this period. In 1849 there was a temporary union between the communities north of the Vaal, who adopted what amounted to the basis of what was to become the Transvaal Constitution. This constitution continued until the foundation of the South African Republic — which was only repealed in 1901 when its provisions ceased to be applicable. That is except for the application of the Roman-Dutch system of law. The thing to keep in mind was that the 33 Articles cannot be regarded as a formal constitution. For a start, there was no definition of various authorities in the State, and most of the 33 Articles were concerned with the procedure in the Courts. When it came to matters of Government, even the most elementary kind, the Articles were silent. Each emergency that arose subsequent to it's ratification in 1844 led to a rewriting of the Articles to cover for the gaps in how to manage the state. Even the Volksraad was referred to in the vaguest terms possible. Often when disputes arose, another constitution, that of the Winburg Boers, regulated the Articles. Another character we've met pops up again. Johan Arnold Smellekamp - a citizen of the Netherlands. If you remember a previous podcast, he'd popped up in Natal and told the Volksraad in Pietermaritzburg that the Dutch Royal family was taking an active interest in the Voortrekkers. He'd stretched the truth to say the least, and had many members of the Volksraad convinced that if they fought the English for Natal, the Dutch would come to their aid. Holland did not. King William II rejected the proposed connection between the Netherlands and the Voortrekkers of Natal and before the year was out he apologised to White Hall for the affray caused by Smellekamp and his activities. That didn't stop the self-aggrindising Smellekamp, who returned to Natal in 1843 but was refused entry into Port Natal by the British. So he headed to Delagoa Bay instead, and after the creation of the 33 Articles in 1844 and the declaration of independence by the Potch Winburg republic by Hendrick Potgieter, Smellekamp popped up once again, riding into Potch that Winter. This is where things get really interesting. Partly owing to Smellekamp's persuation, and partly driven by his own obsessions, Potgieter made the fateful decision to organise a new trek at the end of 1844, heading towards Delagoa Bay. After a few weeks they arrived at a site they called Blyde River. Happy River. Potgieter believed that this site was only three days ride from the sea. He was wrong. They setup a new settlement and promptly named it Andries-Ohrigstad. When Potgieter's wagons rolled onto the hills of Ohrigstad of course, they were not empty of people — and this is again where the story gets more interesting — the plot thickens to a consistency of treacle. Because the people he met there were the baPedi, who'd been forced out of their ancestral land by the amaNdebele of Mzilikazi two decades earlier. Take a look at a map and the location of iSWatini. By now it was being ruled by a very young King Mswati the First.

Tracklisting: A special live recording from Cathedral Peak, Drakensberg, ZA.

Tracklisting: A special live recording from Cathedral Peak, Drakensberg, ZA.

This is episode 159. If we take out a map of south Africa and reconsider the regions, it will become quite apparent that the main demarcation is geographical, geological, the main points of reference are the rivers and the mountains, the desert and semi-desert, the good soils and the bad. Take a look at a map of the region to the south west of the Drakensberg, for its this area way down to the Orange River and extending towards the Kalahari and the Richtersveld that we're going to focus on in this episode. There is a direct correlation between the British seizing Natal from the Boers, and the effect on the Basotho, the Griqua, the baTlokwa amongst others. The Voortrekkers who refused to take an oath of allegiance to the British Queen Victoria trekked back up over the Drakensberg. And it was the vast majority. Some of these would head north, some south west. Most headed back south were not going to where they began, the Cape Colony, but to try and negotiate or seize land between the Cape and Natal. This was not empty land and I'm going to explain what happened after 1843, after the English flag began to flutter from the Fort in Durban. Slow as wagon travel was, the speed with which the Boers had spread themselves across so much of southern Africa in such a short time had taken everyone by surprise - it had taken six years. The Cape Governors were totally unprepared for this migration. Their narrative had been that these Europeans would find inland Africa far too unforgiving and then return to the Cape where they'd settle down and pay their taxes. When they left in the late 1830s, Cape Governor Sir Benjamin D'urban was anxious, his successor Sir George Napier was even more so. The Boers trundled into the interior and directly into the seething hinterland, shattered as it had been by Mzilikazi, Shaka, the BaTlokwa, and of course, the Griqua and Bastard raiders who travelled like Boers, on horses, with hats and guns. It's hard for many to fathom these days in the 21st Century, post-apartheid, in a land so riven by what seems to be race-based antagonisms, that back in 1843 by far the most caustic, acrimonious, begrudging and irreconcilable emotions were those felt by the Boers against the British. Their anti-British sentiments were fixed although on an individual basis, the two people seemed to get along. When deserting British soldiers appeared in their midst, Boer mothers and fathers were not averse to their daughters marrying these men. The Boers began to concentrate on the high Veld and across the orange, but for many, the crucial state was Natal. They had gained bloody victories over the amaZulu here, Blood River was their covenant, a lasting affirmation of God's great plan for the Boers, part of their Exodus narrative, his support of them in smiting the Philistines, the heathens, their dark enemies. Jan Mocke was one of these men on the extreme edge of this sentiment. What had emerged to startle the British, was the power of the voices of Boer Women. They had seen the resistance of their husbands weakening, they'd heard the disparate arguments, the egos where their men had come to blows after a couple of brandies, and told British offiicals to their faces that they'd walk out of Natal Barefoot across the Drakensberg if necessary to die in freedom. As Noel Mostert points out, the Boer women, like amaXhosa women who'd also been busy stiffening their men's spines, were force that could never be ignored. They were active, demanding and the handmaidens to their history.

Brad Graff & Sam Sliman share advice on the Drakensberg Traverse in South Africa. We discuss some worthy backpacking trips for 2024 and beyond. 00:00 Drakensberg Traverse Advice 06:40 Candidates for the next trek The Most Extreme Backpacking, the Julian Alps in Slovenia   More info To leave an anonymous voicemail that I could use on the podcast, go to SpeakPipe.com/FTapon You can post comments, ask questions, and sign up for my newsletter at http://wanderlearn.com. If you like this podcast, subscribe and share!  On social media, my username is always FTapon. Connect with me on: Facebook Twitter YouTube Instagram Tiktok LinkedIn Pinterest Tumblr My Patrons sponsored this show! Claim your monthly reward by becoming a patron at http://Patreon.com/FTapon Rewards start at just $2/month! Affiliate links Start your podcast with my company, Podbean, and get one month free! In the USA, I recommend trading crypto with Kraken.  Outside the USA, trade crypto with Binance and get 5% off your trading fees! For backpacking gear, buy from Gossamer Gear.

Brad Graff & Sam Sliman return to the WanderLearn Show to report how their 5-day adventure on South Africa's Drakensberg Traverse went. The short answer: it was a wet, sloppy, cold mess! Watch the Video to get the long answer! More info To leave an anonymous voicemail that I could use on the podcast, go to SpeakPipe.com/FTapon You can post comments, ask questions, and sign up for my newsletter at http://wanderlearn.com. If you like this podcast, subscribe and share!  On social media, my username is always FTapon. Connect with me on: Facebook Twitter YouTube Instagram Tiktok LinkedIn Pinterest Tumblr My Patrons sponsored this show! Claim your monthly reward by becoming a patron at http://Patreon.com/FTapon Rewards start at just $2/month! Affiliate links Start your podcast with my company, Podbean, and get one month free! In the USA, I recommend trading crypto with Kraken.  Outside the USA, trade crypto with Binance and get 5% off your trading fees! For backpacking gear, buy from Gossamer Gear.

Tourism, businesses, jobs, and livelihoods are under threat in the Drakensberg region where bad roads and unrepaired infrastructure have made travel perilous. In this interview with BizNews, Megan Bedingham of the Cavern, a popular ‘Berg resort, says occupancies in December last year (2023) in the Midlands and the Drakensberg area dropped to 56%. She identifies the dire state of infrastructure as the “greatest threat”, with more and more potholes, washed out culverts and subsided roads. She details the intensive lobbying to government for help, and describes how the community has to do the smaller jobs themselves while the Department of Transport doesn't seem to have the capacity to roll out all the jobs that they have promised to do.

This is episode 152, we're going to dig into a story that is not often told — the amaTola San raiders of the Drakensberg. They emerged by the end of the third decade of the 19th Century as a result of a mish-mash of forces at play on the veld. And what a remarkable story this is so hold onto your horses! Literally as it would appear. What has been re-discovered recently is the identification of a plethora of mounted frontier raiding groups and how these had impacted the interior of Southern Africa, and in particular, the mountains north-east of the Cape Colony. Certain frontier raiding groups often referred to simply as ‘Bushmen' were really comprised of members from many formerly distinct ethnicities, and included the progeny from subsequent inter-marriage. Cultural and ethnic mixing, the advent of the horse, the increased access to guns and ammunition, and the need for identity to adapt to these changes, resulted in a volatile mix indeed. There were freed slaves, Khoesan, San, and English soldiers who'd gone AWOL, as well as descendants of former VOC soldiers who were Swedish, German, Swiss, and Dutch. There's a correlation here with the American Frontier experience, where men and sometimes women, armed with muskets, bows, and spears, wearing feathered headgear or wide-brimmed trekboer hats and riding horses, raided their neighbours for cattle and horses or exchanged these valuable resources for corn, tobacco, dogs and alcohol, much like other nineteenth century frontiers. There the roaming bandits were the Jumanos, the Lakota, the Metis, all became seminal in the B-grade Western movies of the 1950s. South Africa's bandits and raiders were arraigned across a large area, but perhaps the most interesting were those living in the amaTola mountains, a mixture of people who were on the fringes of society. Because horses were only introduced to the Drakensberg in the 1830s and production of hunter-gatherer rock art in that region had almost entirely ceased by the 1880s, horse paintings are comparatively tightly pinpointed in time, unlike virtually all other categories of images in southern African rock art. San paintings of this time reveal quite an astonishing fact, these people had a mixed material culture, the paintings who San and others who were not San working together, carrying firearms, riding horses with their dogs running alongside, carrying spears and bows, and importantly, dancing their trance dances. The area I'm addressing lies between the Mzimvubu River and the Tina River, across the central Drakensburg in other words, across both sides of the escarpment, stretching from Giants Castle in modern Kwa-Zulu Natal to Mount Fletcher in the Eastern Cape and Matsaile inside Lesotho. Glancing at a map, and tracing folks living in this area in 1840 you'd find the Voortrekkers arraigned inland from Port Natal, around Pietermaritzburg, and up to the headwaters of the Umgeni, the Mooi River and Bushman's River just below Giant's Castle. From here the San Raiders controlled the landscape, along the ridges of the Drakensberg south westerly to Mount Fletcher, in the slopes above the Senqu River or the headwaters of the Orange Riverif you prefer. This overlooked where the Bhaca lived, south east of them, the amaMpondo, further south the Mpondomise, then further the amaThembu, to their east and south the amaXhosa could be found and to their south, the English settlers in Albany. I hope you can feel the proximity of these amaTola raiders because everyone in these areas were somewhat fearful of the gangs of men on horses. The San raiders were based in that mountain redoubt between Giant's Castle and Mount Fletcher and they were surrounded by enemies but also prospective allies. This mountain redoubt was getting a bad name, and soon would be identified on maps from the 1840s onwards as nomansland.

This is episode 152, we're going to dig into a story that is not often told — the amaTola San raiders of the Drakensberg. They emerged by the end of the third decade of the 19th Century as a result of a mish-mash of forces at play on the veld. And what a remarkable story this is so hold onto your horses! Literally as it would appear. What has been re-discovered recently is the identification of a plethora of mounted frontier raiding groups and how these had impacted the interior of Southern Africa, and in particular, the mountains north-east of the Cape Colony. Certain frontier raiding groups often referred to simply as ‘Bushmen' were really comprised of members from many formerly distinct ethnicities, and included the progeny from subsequent inter-marriage. Cultural and ethnic mixing, the advent of the horse, the increased access to guns and ammunition, and the need for identity to adapt to these changes, resulted in a volatile mix indeed. There were freed slaves, Khoesan, San, and English soldiers who'd gone AWOL, as well as descendants of former VOC soldiers who were Swedish, German, Swiss, and Dutch. There's a correlation here with the American Frontier experience, where men and sometimes women, armed with muskets, bows, and spears, wearing feathered headgear or wide-brimmed trekboer hats and riding horses, raided their neighbours for cattle and horses or exchanged these valuable resources for corn, tobacco, dogs and alcohol, much like other nineteenth century frontiers. There the roaming bandits were the Jumanos, the Lakota, the Metis, all became seminal in the B-grade Western movies of the 1950s. South Africa's bandits and raiders were arraigned across a large area, but perhaps the most interesting were those living in the amaTola mountains, a mixture of people who were on the fringes of society. Because horses were only introduced to the Drakensberg in the 1830s and production of hunter-gatherer rock art in that region had almost entirely ceased by the 1880s, horse paintings are comparatively tightly pinpointed in time, unlike virtually all other categories of images in southern African rock art. San paintings of this time reveal quite an astonishing fact, these people had a mixed material culture, the paintings who San and others who were not San working together, carrying firearms, riding horses with their dogs running alongside, carrying spears and bows, and importantly, dancing their trance dances. The area I'm addressing lies between the Mzimvubu River and the Tina River, across the central Drakensburg in other words, across both sides of the escarpment, stretching from Giants Castle in modern Kwa-Zulu Natal to Mount Fletcher in the Eastern Cape and Matsaile inside Lesotho. Glancing at a map, and tracing folks living in this area in 1840 you'd find the Voortrekkers arraigned inland from Port Natal, around Pietermaritzburg, and up to the headwaters of the Umgeni, the Mooi River and Bushman's River just below Giant's Castle. From here the San Raiders controlled the landscape, along the ridges of the Drakensberg south westerly to Mount Fletcher, in the slopes above the Senqu River or the headwaters of the Orange Riverif you prefer. This overlooked where the Bhaca lived, south east of them, the amaMpondo, further south the Mpondomise, then further the amaThembu, to their east and south the amaXhosa could be found and to their south, the English settlers in Albany. I hope you can feel the proximity of these amaTola raiders because everyone in these areas were somewhat fearful of the gangs of men on horses. The San raiders were based in that mountain redoubt between Giant's Castle and Mount Fletcher and they were surrounded by enemies but also prospective allies. This mountain redoubt was getting a bad name, and soon would be identified on maps from the 1840s onwards as nomansland.

I greet you in Jesus' precious name! It is Thursday morning, the 21st of December, 2023, and this is your friend, Angus Buchan, with a thought for today. We start with Hebrews 13:8:"Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever."Isn't that so reassuring? In a time when things are so uncertain, Jesus never changes. Then we go to Philippians 1:21, Paul says:"For to me, to live is Christ, and to die is gain."We always say: "You can't frighten a Christian with Heaven!" Can you? If we live, we live for Christ, and if we die, we go home to be with Him in heaven forever. Jesus tells us clearly in Luke 12:29 not to worry and not to be anxious. The very thing that we are worried about may never happen anyway. Carpe Diem - It's one of the few Latin sayings I know. It means to make the most of the present time. Start to enjoy the life God is giving you. Stop worrying about something that may never happen.I remember reading a story about a man who was told by a doctor that he had a heart problem and that he would die within the next 12 months or so. So he thought to himself, I've got nothing to lose, I'm going to die anyway - He loved climbing mountains. He came out to South Africa and started climbing the peaks of the mighty Drakensberg mountains. I think he even conquered a few of them. He lived to be over 80 years old! We need to make the most of the present time. We need to capitalise on what God has given us. Jesus says in Matthew 6:33:"But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you."Today, have a day of enjoyment. Enjoy your day, your family, and your situation because maybe tomorrow Jesus will come, and then there'll be no more problems. God bless you and have a wonderful day. Goodbye.

Apartado de la costa e incrustado en territorio sudafricano, el reino de Lesoto se alza como un montañoso mundo aparte. Sus habitantes, los basotho, lucen con orgullo una lengua y tradiciones salvadas del rodillo colonizador del siglo XIX. La presencia británica no borró la esencia de esta etnia bantú que sobrevive en una nación abrupta, excepcionalmente hermosa, pero aquejada de graves problemas. La inseguridad alimentaria, la incidencia del sida y la tuberculosis, las dificultades de acceso a la sanidad y la educación en el medio rural, son realidades que tratan de mejorar trabajadores humanitarios como Borja Miguélez. Con su ayuda, con la experiencia acumulada en los seis años que vivió en el país trabajando para la FAO, recorremos algunos de los distritos que conforman este estado del tamaño de Bélgica. Nos detenemos en paisajes, aldeas, incluso en las pinturas rupestres que abundan por las montañas; ecos de un pasado que Borja ha recogido en el libro 'Los ojos de la piedra' (SD Edicions). Nuestro recorrido parte de la capital, Maseru, y discurre en sentido contrario a las agujas del reloj: Morija, Malealea, Semongkong y las reservas naturales. No podemos perdernos el parque nacional Sehlabathebe, declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad como extensión de los montes Drakensberg sudafricanos. También subimos hasta los pantanos del centro de Lesoto, como la presa de Katse, ubicada junto a la reserva Bokong; la visitamos en compañía de Bettina Ramírez, antigua residente y cooperante de Unicef. Además contamos con Benjamin Davis, economista agrícola de Naciones Unidas, y dos médicos que pasaron varios años en Lesoto: María Eugenia León y Daniel Puga. Con ellos conocemos también Afriski, una desconcertante estación invernal en plena cordillera de las Maloti. Por último, el antiguo director de la Alianza Francesa de Maseru, Rémi Béghin, nos invita a subir a Thaba Bosiu, la montaña fundacional del país, que guarda el recuerdo del carismático rey Moshoeshoe y tiene mucho que ver con el tradicional sombrero mokorotlo.Escuchar audio

In this episode we had an insightful discussion with Kelly Shepherd about her struggles with an eating disorder, how she got into running, her wins and podiums in ultra and her recent self supported adventure hiking 280km through the Drakensberg!

Guest: Energy analyst Professor Anton Eberhard joins John to discuss the reality that he described at the Kgalema Motlanthe Foundation's Inclusive Growth Forum in the Drakensberg on Saturday on energy security and the energy transition.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This is episode 142. It would be remiss of me not to say Congratulations Bokke on a gritty win over the All Blacks to become world champions for a record fourth time. With that said, picture the scene. We are standing on the western slopes of the Drakensberg, looking out across the Caledon Valley. The rivers we see here flow westward, into the Atlantic Ocean. Far to the south east lie the villages of the amaThembu on the slopes of the mountains that are now part of the Transkei. This is a follow up episode of a sort from episode 141, because last week we spoke about the Orange River, and the Caledon River is a tributary of the Orange. It rises in the Drakensberg, on the Lesotho–South Africa border, and flows generally southwest, forming most of the boundary between Lesotho and Free State province. The Caledon flows through southeastern Free State to join the Orange River near Bethulie after a course of 480 km. Its valley has one of the greatest temperature ranges in South Africa and is an excellent place to grow maize or other grains. But in April 1835 Moshoeshoe was eyeing the equally verdant land to his south, amaThembu land and led a powerful and large expedition of more than 700 men along with a hundred pack-oxen loaded with food south easterly over the Maloti mountains towards these people. At first his raid went according to plan, he seized a rich booty of cattle. The amaThembu were also facing raids from the other direction, the British who were conducting their Sixth Frontier War so they were in a rather invidious position. Moshoeshoe was blooding his sons Letsie and Molapo in battle. They had become restless back at his Morija headquarters and their frustration grew when Moshoeshoe denied them permission to attack the Kora who'd setup camp nearby. As the Basotho withdrew after the raid, they were ambushed by the amaThembu and lost most of their livestock. Worse, Moshoeshoe's brother Makhabane was killed and he suffered heavy casualties. Moshoeshoe would never again send another full-scale expedition into amaXhosa or amaThembu territory. This change of strategy was fully supported by the missionaries who had begun living with Moshoeshoe's people. What followed would be a remarkable partnership which is still hotly debated today and the interests of the missionaries would be further expanded or extended by the interests of the Basotho leader. Another interesting change was taking place for the people of this mountain territory, driven by missionaries both the French and the English. This is because the religion of the 19th-century Sotho speakers was defined chiefly by its outward manifestation, the signs on the land, the animals, things going on that you can hear, smell, touch, see. Religion, as the Sotho term ‘borapeli' illustrates, was what people did and not what they believed. This is a fundamental foundational difference that stymied the first missionaries at first. The translation of molimo as God inaugurated a new era where there was a fixation on linear progression in an age of evolutionary thinking, where Protestantism was the theology. How did Molimo interlink with Tlatla-Mochilo? For the missionaries, this was an immense philosophical wrestling match. This is where Tsapi, a man described as Moshoeshoe's advisor and diviner re-enters our story for a moment. Thanks to one of my listeners who is a descendent of Tsapi by the name of Seanaphoka for providing some more background. Tsapi was actually the first son of the Bafokeng Tribal Chief Seephephe. Tsapi had a sister called Mabela, who was Moshoeshoe's first wife and as Queen Consort she took the name MmaMohato. Tsapi became Advisor and Senior Council member of Moshoeshoe.

Ten thousand Zulu warriors had appeared at GatsLaager, the headquarters of the Voortrekkers under the brow of the Drakensberg, sent by Dingana and led by Ndlela kaSompiti. In South African history and general memory there are major confrontations which are part of modern consciousness. These would be things like the Zulu defeat of the British at Isandlhwana, the Anglo Boer War, and in the 20th Century, the Border Wars, and the ANC and PAC struggles against Apartheid. However, this battle of Gatslaager — the laager that would be renamed Vegslaaier or fighting laager, is one of the most important that has been forgotten in the annals of time. So it was ten am and swarming down from the hills to the east of the Gatslaager were the experienced and mostly married warriors, the creme de la creme, the most feared. The laager was protected on the east side by the Bushman's River which was flooding, and if you glanced at a map, the laager was south west of where the town of Escourt is today. Ndlela then issued the command to halt, and the Amabutho stopped well out of range of the Voortrekkers Sannas on open ground to the north and west. He formed his troops up in their classic three tiers, the chest and two horns, taking his time. Inside the laager, Erasmus Smit the predikant and the Volk fell on their knees and prayed. “May he grant us the victory, if we have to fight … strengthen our hearts…” Seventy five Voortrekker men, and a handful of the more hardy women and boys, were now facing the full might of the Zulu army, an army of 10 000. It seemed a hopeless cause. But there were a few things in the Voortrekker's favour. The flooding Bushman's River for one. Another was the approaches had been setup so the Amabutho had no place to take cover as they assaulted the wagons. The Boers also had a canon. Meanwhile, Far far away to the north, Mzilikazi Khumalo of the amaNdebele had turned into a violent refugee after being defeated by a force of Boers, Griqua and Barolong in November 1837 at eGabeni. Mzilikazi himself had escaped the attackers by pure chance, he'd gone north in the face of threats by Bapedi-Balaka ruler, Mapela. It wasn't just the Boers and the Griqua, the Barolong, the Bakwena, and the baTlokwa who were raiding in the highveld and down in what now is modern day Botswana. The amaNdebele had a violent relationship with Batswana.

It's been a harrowing few months in southern Africa back in 1838. All manner of change has rolled in across the veld, there are worlds colliding, roiling, like thunderclouds, seething and churning. And almost allegorical, because lightning from real storms had already killed Boer horses and Zulu warriors in separate incidents as they fought each other. When the settlers in the Cape heard about Piet Retief's fate followed shortly afterwards by news of the massacres of hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Bloukrans, Bushmans Rivers, many nodded knowingly. The stories of the AmaZulu military prowess had circulated for decades, Shaka first, then Dingana. Many of the Cape citizens had feared for the Voortrekkers, and now their fate seemed to be sealed. The Capenaars said the Voortrekkers had been warned but thought of themselves as immune, protected by God, deterministically predisposed to rule supreme over their fellow black man. Weenen had sent shock waves of existentialism through the Voortrekker consciousness. An immense year, this, 1838 —. Queen Victoria of Britain was crowned at Westminster Abbey in London - and Dingana had referred to the new Queen in his comments to the missionaries before he killed Retief. Alfred Vail and Samuel Morse made the first successful demonstration of the electric telegraph in front of the world - and Morse code was launched which is still in use today. It's April 1838 and in United Kingdom, the principle of the People's Charter was drawn up, a charter which called for universal suffrage, for the right of women to vote. It would be a century before that happened of course. Meanwhile, as these technical and social innovations were being cooked up, at Doornkop and Modderlaager, below the brooding Drakensberg, the Voortrekkers were aching for revenge. By now Andries Potgieter had arrived with his posse, joining Piet Uys and his smaller group, and they had contacted the English traders in Durban with a view to conduct a co-ordinated attack on Dingane along two fronts. Ultimately it was decided that the Boers should move out on April 5th and 347 men were to ride in two divisions, with division a symbolic description of this force. They were quite divided and were not going to act in concert in the coming commando which was eventually nicknamed "Die Vlugkommando" for all the wrong reasons.

As you heard, Piet Retief and 100 Boers and Khoesan agterryes had been killed by Dingana on the 6th February 1838. Missionary Owen watched the killings through his telescope until he couldn't take it any more and collapsed in shock. The Zulu king was not done, he'd ordered his amabutho warriors to seek and destroy the Voortrekkers who'd camped along the rivers below the Drakensberg where they'd arrived in large numbers expecting Retief's negotiations to have ended well. Retief had thought so too, particularly after he'd returned Dingana's cattle rustled by Sekhonyela of the baTlokwa. About a thousand wagons had descended the passes, and the Zulu were determined the Voortrekkers were not going to remain on the land they'd invaded. The vultures, wild dogs, and hyenas, jackals began to feed on the bodies strewn about kwaMatiwane near emGungungdlovu where Retief's men had met their grisly end, while Owen and his family trembled with fear nearby. Were they going to be next they wondered. Dingana had sent a message as Retief was killed saying their were safe, but who believed the AmaZulu leader about anything? Meanwhile, some of the warriors were going through the Boers baggage and inspecting the muskets that had been piled outside the main gate. Puffs of dust appeared from the south, and from there two horseman and their small travel party appeared at emGungundlovu. Talk about bad timing. It was James Brownlee who was a very young translator and a trainee missionary, and the American Henry Venables. They had picked a particularly bad time to ride up to Dingana's Great Place. From a Zulu perspective, Dingana's orders for his amabutho to kill the Voortrekkers was a matter of business as usual, this was the normal way of things when a chief was disgraced and executed. His family and adherents would be bumped off, or “eaten up” to use the Zulu phrase, so that there would be none alive to avenge the king. The Voortrekker livestock would be seized and the king would redistribute these beasts amongst his amabutho, exactly as the Boers had been doing amongst their Kommando members after the raids on Mzilikazi. And like the Boer raids on Mzilikazi, very few women or children were to be spared by Zulu warriors. The Zulu army of about 5000 crossed a famous river at a famous point, the Mzinyathi or Buffalo River near Rorke's Drift. How ironic that 42 years later, the very same crossing would see English soldiers fleeing from Cetswayo's warriors after the Battle of Isandhlwana hunted across this very same Drift. So the 5000 warriors marched along the Helpmekaar heights towards the Thukela River close to the confluence with the Bloukrans through the second week of February 1838. By now most of the trekkers had scattered through this territory, in little family encampments of three or four wagons over a large area. Only a few had taken the English traders warning seriously and established defensible wagon laagers. Most did not, they just outspanned where they were and began enjoying the fruits of the veld. Many of these had headed off on hunts, leaving their families alone with their Khoesan servants, and to them, the AmaZulu warriors were going to do what the amaNdebele had done in August 1836. Fall upon the wagons and kill everyone they could find.

This is episode 134 - and its going to be a massacre. It is also crucial as you've heard that we dig deep into the events because today there's a huge debate about what I'm going to explain next, what documents still exist about what happened, and who owns what when it comes to land in South Africa. Specifically, land in KwaZulu Natal. What exactly did Dingane agree to sell to Piet Retief? Why did he agree to do this when he had told the missionaries and his own people that he wouldn't part with land at all? It's incredible to think that this one year, 1838, has sparked so much discussion — and that people today quote one fact after another to back up their political position on this matter. So to the story at hand. Piet Retief had struggled to hold the Voortrekkers together when he'd arrived back at the main trekker encampment at Doornkop. Piet Uys had arrived from the Highveld on the 15th December 1837, having heard that Retief's visit to the AmaZulu king had gone well and he brought news of just how decisively amaNdebele chief Mzilikazi had been dealt with. Uys was also reclaiming his leadership role over the Voortrekkers of Natal which didn't go down well with Retief. Gerrit Maritz was his usual refereeing self interjecting between the two, and Uys agreed on the 19th December and after four days of argument to take the oath of the constitution to support Retief's vision, but only after he consulted with his Volk, his followers. These followers were on their way down the Drakensberg. It one of the life's ironies that by the time he arrived back in Natal on the 24th January 1838, Uys had completely changed his tune. IT was on that date that he dictated a letter to Governor D'Urban back in Cape Town to the effect that he was now totally against Retief's “sinister designs…” — and I'm quoting directly. Sinister designs? Over what? Retief it appeared and as we know was true, was planning to launch an independent state in Natal and Uys in what could be called a giant stab in the back, wrote to the British governor that he and his Volk were actually reaffirming their loyalty to the Crown. The English crown. Retief of course was heading to the upper reaches of the Caledon valley on a quest ordered by Dingana to retrieve cattle stolen by the baTlokwa from the amaHlubi. By inference, Dingana wanted Sekhonyela to pay for his transgressions and the Boers believed he was testing their somewhat flimsy relationship. Retief believed that the goodwill that would be generated by returning the cattle would lead to Dingana handing over some of that precious land controlled by the AmaZulu king. He wrote a letter to Dingana informing the Zulu king of the successful raid on his enemy, the baTlokwa. By now, Dingana had almost gone into shock about something else. On the 2nd January he'd been informed by Owen the missionary about Mzilikazi's fate and the utter thrashing he'd received at eGaneni, how his people had fractured and the erstwhile leader of the Khumalo clan had fled across the Limpopo River. Another enemy, dispatched by the Boers, the Zulu had failed to defeat this man, but not the boers. IT was the 25th January when the Trekkers gathered and prayed for protection, then a few days later, the party of 100 rode out with the cattle, and the 15 Zulu attendants including two indunas. Piet Retief wrote his last letter to his wife on the trail to emGungungdlovu. “I was deeply affected at the time of my departure … It was in no way that I feared for my undertaking to go to the king but I was full of grief that I must again live through the unbearable dissension in our Society, and that made me feel that God's kindness would turn to wrath…”

Two of my business school classmates, Brad Graff & Sam Sliman, have a spreadsheet listing the top 40 Global Hikes. On that list is South Africa's 205-km Drakensberg Traverse. Since Sym Blanchard & I hiked the Grand Traverse, Brad & Sam wanted to pick my brain on the experience. Timeline 00:00 Brad & Sam's hiking experience 03:30 Drakensberg Traverse Safety 10:00 When to go 10:40 Trail GPS GPX Tracks 15:00 Section hiking & logistics If you've hiked the Drakensberg Traverse in the 2020s, comment below! Watch Video on YouTube   More info To leave an anonymous voicemail that I could use on the podcast, go to SpeakPipe.com/FTapon You can post comments, ask questions, and sign up for my newsletter at http://wanderlearn.com. If you like this podcast, subscribe and share!  On social media, my username is always FTapon. Connect with me on: Facebook Twitter YouTube Instagram Tiktok LinkedIn Pinterest Tumblr My Patrons sponsored this show! Claim your monthly reward by becoming a patron at http://Patreon.com/FTapon Rewards start at just $2/month! Affiliate links Start your podcast with my company, Podbean, and get one month free! In the USA, I recommend trading crypto with Kraken.  Outside the USA, trade crypto with Binance and get 5% off your trading fees! For backpacking gear, buy from Gossamer Gear.      

It has been an epic journey from Johannesburg! We were at Bergview Engen in Harrismith on Tuesday, then we went to Champagne Sports Resort in The Drakensberg, then we went ziplining in Karkloof, and then we went to the beautiful Brahman Hills in the Midlands. What was YOUR favourite bit of the trip? Webpage

I greet you in Jesus' precious name. It is Sunday morning, 23rd of April, 2023, and this is your friend Angus Buchan with a thought for today. We start off in the Old Testament, Isaiah 50:4"A word in season to him who is weary." This is a time for you and me to encourage one another. Then we go straight to Matthew 11 and I'm reading a very well-known scripture starting in verse 28, this is Jesus speaking: "Come to me all you who Labour and are heavy laden and I will give you rest."Folks, it's a time for us to encourage one another. Now, I looked up the meaning of encouragement - it means to support, to cheer up, it is morale-boosting. Many years ago as a new Believer, we went down to Durban to a children's home and took out a whole group of young teenagers. We brought them up to the farm and they stayed with us for 10 days. Part of that time, I got my old Mercedes Benz truck and took them up to the Drakensberg mountains, those mighty mountains. Now these young men had never been into the mountains, they were city boys and I wasn't a very experienced mountaineer, to say the least being, a farmer - but off we went. We left the farm at 3:00 in the morning... We left half of the food behind, and we left most of our stuff behind but we were so excited. We got to the base of the mighty mountains and we started our trek up the contour paths. As we went higher and higher the path got more and more narrow and the gorges were steeper until, just before we got to the top, we looked down on one side was a sheer drop, and on the other side was a wall, just a sheer rock. The path was wide enough just for one person at a time. Well towards the top the boys were getting tired, they were getting short of oxygen and things were looking a bit ugly. I said to them: "Boys we need to keep going." They said we can't go anymore. I said you have to, they said we can't. I said you must. I said: " Just at the top there is a beautiful tearoom and there are some lovely hot hamburgers waiting for you and beautiful milkshakes and Cokes, keep going..." Of course, there wasn't but they kept on and eventually, they got to the top. I want to tell you that they were so relieved. Folks we encourage them to keep going, they got to the top and you know when we got back to the farm, they sat on the lawn, we gave them 2L of Coke each, they could eat as much food as they wanted and they came to me and said to us that was the greatest time of their lives. They were pressed hard but with encouragement, they made it to the top. That's what Jesus Christ wants to do for you and me - He says "Come unto me all of you that are weary and heavy Laden and I will give you rest" Go out today and encourage somebody to keep on, we are nearly at home. Jesus bless you

It's time to delve deeply into the other Ndebele, then what happened when Mzilikazi arrived in the area known as the Trans Vaal - across the Vaal, with his hungry wolves. The development of the highveld to the late 1820s is quite a tale, with the first Tswana people made their way here by the 1100s, although much of the high ground was avoided. However, by the late 1600s, people had moved onto hilltop defensive locations through the region. Rooikrans for example, a small stone-walled Sotho, Tswana and Pedi site on the Waterberg plateau north west of the Witwatersrand. There was also a similar development at Bruma on the Linksfield Ridge right in the heart of Johannesburg. I used to walk up that slope from the back of my house and the original stone settlements had been frittered away by Boer and British defenders during the Anglo Boer war who used the 500 year-old Tswana stone to build Sangars and trenches. So over hundreds of years, the original peoples of the highveld moved about a great deal, sometimes living on hilltops, sometimes in the valleys depending on how politically stable it was. Oral tradition points out the Hurutshe founded the hill-top village of Chuenyane - also called Witkoppies, which is near Zeerust by the early 1500s. By the 17th Century, there was significant Tswana state growth in the west where it is warmer than around Johannesburg, with the rise of the Kwena and Kgatla dynasties, but these shattered in the 18th Century as trading power shifted north. If you've followed the series to this point, you'll remember the descriptions of the trading routes from Delagoa Bay and how they criss-crossed central southern Africa. There were even traders who arrived here from the West Coast, modern day Angola. By the end of the 17th Century, the transvaal Ndebele began to emerge - and by the 18th Century they were regarded as a separate people by the Sotho, Tswana and Pedi speakers. They became known as the Matabele, and they lived on the steepest hills where they built fortifications around the Waterberg plateau. The southern Trans Vaal Ndebele were spread over the Witwatersrand high veld adjoining the Drakensberg, up to where Pretoria is today and they were in this region by the end of the 17th Century. They all trace their history to a man known as Busi, and the dating of this man is around 1630-1670. Busi's son was called Tshwane, and that's why we know Pretoria area today as Tshwane - because that was its first name. Oral stories are a bit more murky when it comes to the northern trans vaal Ndebele, who settled west of the Waterberg Plateau in the 1500s. Some headed further west across the Limpopo to the Tswapong hills in eastern Botswana. While they were migrating north west, the other transvaal Ndebele called the LAka aka, Langa, and the Hwaduba, remained behind in the WAterberg plateau. These people clung onto their linguistic identity, they spoke an Nguni language, whereas the others to the west became Tswana, Sotho, and Pedi speakers. One man by the name of Mogale refused to dilute his language, and it is his name that morphed into the Magaliesberg - that wonderful and imposing steep and craggy range of mountains the west of Johannesburg. The very phrase sounds Afrikaans - Magalies, but it is actually an early Ndebele word from the 1500s. By Mzilikazi's time in the mid-1820s, there was significant jostling for territory and ascendancy around inland southern Africa. A series of small wars amongst the Tswana which have become known as the ivory and cattle and fur wars, and some known as the Wives wars, were on the go around this time.

It's time to delve deeply into the other Ndebele, then what happened when Mzilikazi arrived in the area known as the Trans Vaal - across the Vaal, with his hungry wolves. The development of the highveld to the late 1820s is quite a tale, with the first Tswana people made their way here by the 1100s, although much of the high ground was avoided. However, by the late 1600s, people had moved onto hilltop defensive locations through the region. Rooikrans for example, a small stone-walled Sotho, Tswana and Pedi site on the Waterberg plateau north west of the Witwatersrand. There was also a similar development at Bruma on the Linksfield Ridge right in the heart of Johannesburg. I used to walk up that slope from the back of my house and the original stone settlements had been frittered away by Boer and British defenders during the Anglo Boer war who used the 500 year-old Tswana stone to build Sangars and trenches. So over hundreds of years, the original peoples of the highveld moved about a great deal, sometimes living on hilltops, sometimes in the valleys depending on how politically stable it was. Oral tradition points out the Hurutshe founded the hill-top village of Chuenyane - also called Witkoppies, which is near Zeerust by the early 1500s. By the 17th Century, there was significant Tswana state growth in the west where it is warmer than around Johannesburg, with the rise of the Kwena and Kgatla dynasties, but these shattered in the 18th Century as trading power shifted north. If you've followed the series to this point, you'll remember the descriptions of the trading routes from Delagoa Bay and how they criss-crossed central southern Africa. There were even traders who arrived here from the West Coast, modern day Angola. By the end of the 17th Century, the transvaal Ndebele began to emerge - and by the 18th Century they were regarded as a separate people by the Sotho, Tswana and Pedi speakers. They became known as the Matabele, and they lived on the steepest hills where they built fortifications around the Waterberg plateau. The southern Trans Vaal Ndebele were spread over the Witwatersrand high veld adjoining the Drakensberg, up to where Pretoria is today and they were in this region by the end of the 17th Century. They all trace their history to a man known as Busi, and the dating of this man is around 1630-1670. Busi's son was called Tshwane, and that's why we know Pretoria area today as Tshwane - because that was its first name. Oral stories are a bit more murky when it comes to the northern trans vaal Ndebele, who settled west of the Waterberg Plateau in the 1500s. Some headed further west across the Limpopo to the Tswapong hills in eastern Botswana. While they were migrating north west, the other transvaal Ndebele called the LAka aka, Langa, and the Hwaduba, remained behind in the WAterberg plateau. These people clung onto their linguistic identity, they spoke an Nguni language, whereas the others to the west became Tswana, Sotho, and Pedi speakers. One man by the name of Mogale refused to dilute his language, and it is his name that morphed into the Magaliesberg - that wonderful and imposing steep and craggy range of mountains the west of Johannesburg. The very phrase sounds Afrikaans - Magalies, but it is actually an early Ndebele word from the 1500s. By Mzilikazi's time in the mid-1820s, there was significant jostling for territory and ascendancy around inland southern Africa. A series of small wars amongst the Tswana which have become known as the ivory and cattle and fur wars, and some known as the Wives wars, were on the go around this time.

Port Natal and Delagoa Bay are far away from Cape Town and appeared even further in the early 1820s. The Cape Governor was inevitably more concerned with what lay immediately beyond the colonial frontiers than in these distant ports. Much of what concerned Lord Charles Somerset – and had concerned his predecessors – already lay along the frontiers. The colony had thrown out an ever increasing fringe of loose cannons, skirmishers, traders, trek-boers, escaped slaves, and even rebellious missionaries. The flood of missionaries turned into a tsunami by the mid-1820s, the London Missionary Society was already at work as you know, and by now they were established along both sides of the Orange River and into the eastern Frontier. The Moravians had arrived and were carving out new parishers even further east, while the Wesleyans were already amongst the far-distant amaPondo people. The Zulu had been raiding these people from Shaka's centre of power as you know. There were a number of Scots from Glasgow who found living amongst the amaXhosa to their liking, and even missionaries from Germany showed up, particularly from Berlin, and they began living amongst the amaXhosa too. The Rhenish and Paris Evangelicals arrived too, one to work within the colony and the other headed north into Bechuanaland, and then to the Basutho. The LMS and Paris Evangelicals were moving along the first stage of what became known as the Missionary Road which led all the way from the Cape into Central Africa. By now the chiefdoms of the Caledon Valley and the open plains north of the Orange River had been squeezed between three expanding zones of instability and conflict. From the south and south west parties of Griqua, Kora and Boers were raiding for cattle and cheap labour. To the northwest, the rivalries of Batswana chiefdoms were spilling across the Vaal River. To the East, the fighting that had seen the AmaZulu and amaNdwandwe at war, as well as the amaMthethwa, had displaced groups as you've heard and some had headed across the Drakensberg. Then Lord Bathurst the Secretary of State set up an Advisory Council in Cape Town which consisted of the Governor, muttering under his bewigged breath, the Chief Justice, the colonial Secretary, the Officer commanding, the Deputy-Quartermaster-General, the Auditor General and the Treasurer. The Council was to deal with quite an interesting proposal, and this was allowing the Eastern Cape to be represented by their own council, by some kind of representative assembly. They fired the first round in what was to become a long-sustained but ultimately unsuccessful battle for separation by Eastern Capers.

Port Natal and Delagoa Bay are far away from Cape Town and appeared even further in the early 1820s. The Cape Governor was inevitably more concerned with what lay immediately beyond the colonial frontiers than in these distant ports. Much of what concerned Lord Charles Somerset – and had concerned his predecessors – already lay along the frontiers. The colony had thrown out an ever increasing fringe of loose cannons, skirmishers, traders, trek-boers, escaped slaves, and even rebellious missionaries. The flood of missionaries turned into a tsunami by the mid-1820s, the London Missionary Society was already at work as you know, and by now they were established along both sides of the Orange River and into the eastern Frontier. The Moravians had arrived and were carving out new parishers even further east, while the Wesleyans were already amongst the far-distant amaPondo people. The Zulu had been raiding these people from Shaka's centre of power as you know. There were a number of Scots from Glasgow who found living amongst the amaXhosa to their liking, and even missionaries from Germany showed up, particularly from Berlin, and they began living amongst the amaXhosa too. The Rhenish and Paris Evangelicals arrived too, one to work within the colony and the other headed north into Bechuanaland, and then to the Basutho. The LMS and Paris Evangelicals were moving along the first stage of what became known as the Missionary Road which led all the way from the Cape into Central Africa. By now the chiefdoms of the Caledon Valley and the open plains north of the Orange River had been squeezed between three expanding zones of instability and conflict. From the south and south west parties of Griqua, Kora and Boers were raiding for cattle and cheap labour. To the northwest, the rivalries of Batswana chiefdoms were spilling across the Vaal River. To the East, the fighting that had seen the AmaZulu and amaNdwandwe at war, as well as the amaMthethwa, had displaced groups as you've heard and some had headed across the Drakensberg. Then Lord Bathurst the Secretary of State set up an Advisory Council in Cape Town which consisted of the Governor, muttering under his bewigged breath, the Chief Justice, the colonial Secretary, the Officer commanding, the Deputy-Quartermaster-General, the Auditor General and the Treasurer. The Council was to deal with quite an interesting proposal, and this was allowing the Eastern Cape to be represented by their own council, by some kind of representative assembly. They fired the first round in what was to become a long-sustained but ultimately unsuccessful battle for separation by Eastern Capers.

Someone sends you an event they think you may like to attend. You either: Open it and register to go right away.Open it and think about it.Don't even bother opening it.Ultra Trail Drakensberg as the name suggests is a trail race in the heart of the Drakensberg mountains of South Africa on the boarder of the very unique Lesotho. When I was sent it option 1 above was in full flow.In this show I share the experience.Enjoy the show!

In today's episode, we will be discussing Shaka Zulu, the founder of the Zulu Kingdom. His actual name was Sigidi kaSenzangakhona but is commonly known as Shaka. He was a great Zulu king and conqueror. Shaka lived in the South-East region of Africa between Drakensberg and the Indian Ocean. During his brief reign, more than a hundred chiefdoms were brought together in a Zulu kingdom. Shaka was one of the most influential monarchs of the Zulu, responsible for re-organizing the military into a formidable force through a series of wide-reaching and influential reforms. Shaka's reign coincided with the start of the Mfecane/Difaqane ("Upheaval" or "Crushing"), a period of devastating warfare and chaos in southern Africa between 1815 and about 1840 that depopulated the region. His role in the Mfecane/Difaqane is highly controversial and resulted in the deaths of one million to two million people.