Podcasts about william taft

Taxes and wars go hand in hand. And as much as our current partisan politics suggest otherwise, it wasn't a Democratic U.S. president that ushered in the income tax. It was a Republican president - Honest Abe! And later, it was during another Republican president's term that the income tax became permanent - William Taft. The irony of it is that the poor masses and the progressive middle class pushed for the income tax to get the rich to pay their fair share. Now, the poor and the middle American families seem to shoulder most of the income tax burden. In this interview, I discuss the following with my guest scholar: ►British taxes on American colonies - justified or not?►"No Taxation Without Representation"►Shays' Rebellion - America's first uprising against taxes►Hamilton's controversial plan for America's debt ►How the federal government paid for itself all those years before the income tax ►How the Civil War changed tariffs and taxes►Why the U.S. Supreme Court struck down income taxes►Why the masses pushed for an income tax amendment - did we do this to ourselves! ►How WWI and WWII affected tariffs and income taxes ►Capitalism and Correlation between lower taxes and higher economic activity and investment

This week on Black Hoodie Alchemy, we're doing another deep-dive character study as I tell Seedperson1 and Chris all about one of the wildest serial killers I've ever heard of: Carl Panzram. Imagine if Henry David Thoreau kept some of artistic spark, love of philosophy, and awe of nature -- yet also assaulted thousands of people and murdered over 20, some of them even being children. Immersed in hobo train-hopping culture in the early 20th century, Panzram was known to commit acts like church burnings, murder-and-pillage sprees on stolen yachts, successful prison-breaks, and a ton of robberies that even included former president William Taft. And not only did he do this in America, but he traveled to Africa and South America as well. Truly tortured at a boy's reform school as a child, following severe abuse during his train-hopping, and then even more severe torture as he served prison time on and off, Panzram eventually came to see himself as a living embodiment of rage and vengeance, and the only thing he truly enjoyed was torturing the human race as much as it seemed to relish in torturing him. And still, amidst all that, he maintained a deep love of nature, literature, and philosophy, enjoying the works of authors like Oscar Wilde, Immanuel Kant, and Friedrich Nietzsche. Who is this bizarrely human monster and can anyone really understand his motivations? His infamy has fascinated true crime researchers for decades now, and now you can hear the story along with some good ol Black Hoodie Alchemy philosophizing. Oh, and as some more get-out-of-jail-free cards to all the darkness and morbidity this week, I occasionally break up the conversation and share lesser known facts about Always Sunny with the boys! We hope you dig it! DIVE MANUAL AUDIOBOOK⁠ ⁠BHA LINKTREE w books, shorts, and much more⁠ ⁠Chris on Insta⁠ Seedperson on Insta ⁠Paranormality Magazine w my Sasquatch chaos magick article! SHOW NOTES: ⁠Panzram's Journals⁠ ⁠Always Sunny Screenrant⁠ ⁠Always Sunny Ranker⁠ ⁠Panzram All That's Interesting⁠ ⁠Taft and Panzram⁠ ⁠Panzram Murderpedia⁠ ⁠LPOTP Panzram Series ⁠ This week's featured music! Don't forget to support that black hoodie rap and all your favorite independent artists! Walk Wit the Word - KDB (feat. Unknown Mizery & Don Jon) Devil's on Holiday - Legitimate x Rex Seshunz Underworld Politics - School of Thought Turn it Up - Legitimate x Rex Seshunz --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/blackhoodiealchemy/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/blackhoodiealchemy/support

In the first half, author Jeffrey D. Simon discussed William J. Flynn, former chief of the Secret Service and director of the Bureau of Investigation (the forerunner to the FBI), and how he was the instrumental detective in America's first war against the Mafia, spies, and terrorists in the early 1900s. Nicknamed "the Bulldog" for his tenacity in going after criminals, he broke up one of the first Mob families in America and then uncovered a German spy ring in the US just before WWI. He never cared much about money and had a legacy as an incorruptible public servant, said Simon. Flynn learned about counterfeiters when he worked at the Ludlow Street Jail (New York City's federal prison), and this helped him to land his job at the Bureau of Investigation.Flynn (1867-1928) could be considered a kind of "rock star" of his era, Simon continued, but as time went on, he was overshadowed by the likes of J. Edgar Hoover and slipped through the cracks of history and public consciousness. He investigated acts of terrorism, such as when a bomb went off on Wall Street, and 20 people were killed in 1920. In his role at the Secret Service, he was acquainted with presidents Teddy Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. After Flynn retired, he received notoriety for starting a popular detective magazine called Flynn's, which gave then-unknown Agatha Christie a first break, Simon recounted.------------In the latter half, Scott Mitchell, a Bible scholar and host of the podcast "Bible Mysteries," shared his ongoing research on why he believes aliens are actually fallen angels, as well as stories of demonic entities seen on night vision goggles. According to his interpretation of the Bible, angels were around many thousands of years prior to humankind, and "at some point, there was an insurrection by one particular cherub named Lucifer...and in this rebellion, a third of the angels joined him...and there was some sort of an intergalactic war that took place." Mitchell believes that another war is coming in which we may be attacked from the skies by the fallen angels, posing as alien entities. Then, another alien faction will arrive to save us from them, but Mitchell believes this will be a great deception, and lead to further genetic tinkering of humans and the creation of a hybrid race.During the Vietnam War, soldiers first tried out night vision goggles and, in certain instances, saw demonic entities through them, he reported. Various personnel saw gargoyle-type entities while wearing the goggles, and "one gunner actually began firing into the air almost crazily" at the sinister creatures. Subsequently, the use of the goggles was discontinued. Mitchell suggested that this could have been an example of how demonic entities or fallen angels exist in a spectrum we can't normally see. "I believe the UFOs and the crafts that people are spotting are, in fact, fallen angel technology," he remarked. "It's possible that in this war of rebellious angels, a number of high-ranking angels were Seraphim that rebelled, and they became the dragon princes," which could be the same as aliens known as the Reptilians, he added. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/georgenoory/message

In the first half, author Jeffrey D. Simon discussed William J. Flynn, former chief of the Secret Service and director of the Bureau of Investigation (the forerunner to the FBI), and how he was the instrumental detective in America's first war against the Mafia, spies, and terrorists in the early 1900s. Nicknamed "the Bulldog" for his tenacity in going after criminals, he broke up one of the first Mob families in America and then uncovered a German spy ring in the US just before WWI. He never cared much about money and had a legacy as an incorruptible public servant, said Simon. Flynn learned about counterfeiters when he worked at the Ludlow Street Jail (New York City's federal prison), and this helped him to land his job at the Bureau of Investigation.Flynn (1867-1928) could be considered a kind of "rock star" of his era, Simon continued, but as time went on, he was overshadowed by the likes of J. Edgar Hoover and slipped through the cracks of history and public consciousness. He investigated acts of terrorism, such as when a bomb went off on Wall Street, and 20 people were killed in 1920. In his role at the Secret Service, he was acquainted with presidents Teddy Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. After Flynn retired, he received notoriety for starting a popular detective magazine called Flynn's, which gave then-unknown Agatha Christie a first break, Simon recounted.------------In the latter half, Scott Mitchell, a Bible scholar and host of the podcast "Bible Mysteries," shared his ongoing research on why he believes aliens are actually fallen angels, as well as stories of demonic entities seen on night vision goggles. According to his interpretation of the Bible, angels were around many thousands of years prior to humankind, and "at some point, there was an insurrection by one particular cherub named Lucifer...and in this rebellion, a third of the angels joined him...and there was some sort of an intergalactic war that took place." Mitchell believes that another war is coming in which we may be attacked from the skies by the fallen angels, posing as alien entities. Then, another alien faction will arrive to save us from them, but Mitchell believes this will be a great deception, and lead to further genetic tinkering of humans and the creation of a hybrid race.During the Vietnam War, soldiers first tried out night vision goggles and, in certain instances, saw demonic entities through them, he reported. Various personnel saw gargoyle-type entities while wearing the goggles, and "one gunner actually began firing into the air almost crazily" at the sinister creatures. Subsequently, the use of the goggles was discontinued. Mitchell suggested that this could have been an example of how demonic entities or fallen angels exist in a spectrum we can't normally see. "I believe the UFOs and the crafts that people are spotting are, in fact, fallen angel technology," he remarked. "It's possible that in this war of rebellious angels, a number of high-ranking angels were Seraphim that rebelled, and they became the dragon princes," which could be the same as aliens known as the Reptilians, he added. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/georgenoory/message

In the first half, author Jeffrey D. Simon discussed William J. Flynn, former chief of the Secret Service and director of the Bureau of Investigation (the forerunner to the FBI), and how he was the instrumental detective in America's first war against the Mafia, spies, and terrorists in the early 1900s. Nicknamed "the Bulldog" for his tenacity in going after criminals, he broke up one of the first Mob families in America and then uncovered a German spy ring in the US just before WWI. He never cared much about money and had a legacy as an incorruptible public servant, said Simon. Flynn learned about counterfeiters when he worked at the Ludlow Street Jail (New York City's federal prison), and this helped him to land his job at the Bureau of Investigation.Flynn (1867-1928) could be considered a kind of "rock star" of his era, Simon continued, but as time went on, he was overshadowed by the likes of J. Edgar Hoover and slipped through the cracks of history and public consciousness. He investigated acts of terrorism, such as when a bomb went off on Wall Street, and 20 people were killed in 1920. In his role at the Secret Service, he was acquainted with presidents Teddy Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. After Flynn retired, he received notoriety for starting a popular detective magazine called Flynn's, which gave then-unknown Agatha Christie a first break, Simon recounted.------------In the latter half, Scott Mitchell, a Bible scholar and host of the podcast "Bible Mysteries," shared his ongoing research on why he believes aliens are actually fallen angels, as well as stories of demonic entities seen on night vision goggles. According to his interpretation of the Bible, angels were around many thousands of years prior to humankind, and "at some point, there was an insurrection by one particular cherub named Lucifer...and in this rebellion, a third of the angels joined him...and there was some sort of an intergalactic war that took place." Mitchell believes that another war is coming in which we may be attacked from the skies by the fallen angels, posing as alien entities. Then, another alien faction will arrive to save us from them, but Mitchell believes this will be a great deception, and lead to further genetic tinkering of humans and the creation of a hybrid race.During the Vietnam War, soldiers first tried out night vision goggles and, in certain instances, saw demonic entities through them, he reported. Various personnel saw gargoyle-type entities while wearing the goggles, and "one gunner actually began firing into the air almost crazily" at the sinister creatures. Subsequently, the use of the goggles was discontinued. Mitchell suggested that this could have been an example of how demonic entities or fallen angels exist in a spectrum we can't normally see. "I believe the UFOs and the crafts that people are spotting are, in fact, fallen angel technology," he remarked. "It's possible that in this war of rebellious angels, a number of high-ranking angels were Seraphim that rebelled, and they became the dragon princes," which could be the same as aliens known as the Reptilians, he added. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/georgenoory/message

In the first half, author Jeffrey D. Simon discussed William J. Flynn, former chief of the Secret Service and director of the Bureau of Investigation (the forerunner to the FBI), and how he was the instrumental detective in America's first war against the Mafia, spies, and terrorists in the early 1900s. Nicknamed "the Bulldog" for his tenacity in going after criminals, he broke up one of the first Mob families in America and then uncovered a German spy ring in the US just before WWI. He never cared much about money and had a legacy as an incorruptible public servant, said Simon. Flynn learned about counterfeiters when he worked at the Ludlow Street Jail (New York City's federal prison), and this helped him to land his job at the Bureau of Investigation.Flynn (1867-1928) could be considered a kind of "rock star" of his era, Simon continued, but as time went on, he was overshadowed by the likes of J. Edgar Hoover and slipped through the cracks of history and public consciousness. He investigated acts of terrorism, such as when a bomb went off on Wall Street, and 20 people were killed in 1920. In his role at the Secret Service, he was acquainted with presidents Teddy Roosevelt, William Taft, and Woodrow Wilson. After Flynn retired, he received notoriety for starting a popular detective magazine called Flynn's, which gave then-unknown Agatha Christie a first break, Simon recounted.------------In the latter half, Scott Mitchell, a Bible scholar and host of the podcast "Bible Mysteries," shared his ongoing research on why he believes aliens are actually fallen angels, as well as stories of demonic entities seen on night vision goggles. According to his interpretation of the Bible, angels were around many thousands of years prior to humankind, and "at some point, there was an insurrection by one particular cherub named Lucifer...and in this rebellion, a third of the angels joined him...and there was some sort of an intergalactic war that took place." Mitchell believes that another war is coming in which we may be attacked from the skies by the fallen angels, posing as alien entities. Then, another alien faction will arrive to save us from them, but Mitchell believes this will be a great deception, and lead to further genetic tinkering of humans and the creation of a hybrid race.During the Vietnam War, soldiers first tried out night vision goggles and, in certain instances, saw demonic entities through them, he reported. Various personnel saw gargoyle-type entities while wearing the goggles, and "one gunner actually began firing into the air almost crazily" at the sinister creatures. Subsequently, the use of the goggles was discontinued. Mitchell suggested that this could have been an example of how demonic entities or fallen angels exist in a spectrum we can't normally see. "I believe the UFOs and the crafts that people are spotting are, in fact, fallen angel technology," he remarked. "It's possible that in this war of rebellious angels, a number of high-ranking angels were Seraphim that rebelled, and they became the dragon princes," which could be the same as aliens known as the Reptilians, he added. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/georgenoory/message

Hoping that a change in political power will end the ongoing Great Depression, one heir vows his continuing and undying support to a presidential nominee.A lifelong friendship develops between a young heir and his neighbor, a distant relative and a future president.  Through personal tragedies and triumphs, Vincent Astor and Franklin Delano Roosevelt support each other to establish common goals to help the poor as well as have fun and playfulness. Other people and subjects include: John Jacob Astor VI aka “Jakey,” Princess Ava Alice Muriel Astor Obolensky, Helen Dinsmore Astor, Caroline Astor, John Jacob Astor IV aka “Jack,” Lady Ava Lowle Willing Astor Ribblesdale, Madeleine Talmage Astor Force, Sara Delano Roosevelt, John Jacob Astor I, William Backhouse Astor, Sr., Laura Astor Delano, William Backhouse Astor, Jr., Helen Schermerhorn Astor Roosevelt, President Theodore Roosvelt, Kermit Roosevelt, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, Alice Roosevelt, James Roosevelt I, James Roosevelt Roosevelt aka “Rosey” Rosie Rosy, Tadd Roosevelt, Helen Roosevelt, George Roosevelt, FDR's son James Roosevelt II, Warren Delano, Jr., Franklin Hughes Delano, Phillippe De Lannoy – Philip Delano, John Raskob, Dutchess County, Rhinebeck, Hyde Park, Ferncliffe, Springwood, Beechwood, Noma yacht, Nourmahal yacht, opium trade, snobbery, Knickerbockers, Mayflower passengers, Plymouth colonists, New York governor mansion, 1932 presidential race, New Deal reforms, Harvard, Columbia, law school, Titanic, polio, World War I, Lusitania, World War II, Assistant Secretary to the Navy, President Woodrow Wilson, President Herbert Hoover, Cuff Links Gang, Nourmahal Gang, King Edward VIII – Prince of Wales – Duke of Windsor, King George VI – Prince Albert – Duke of York, Queen Elizabeth – Queen Mum, Queen Elizabeth II, King Charles III, Prince William, John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Ulysses S. Grant, William Harrison, Benjamin Harrison, William Taft, Zachary Taylor, Martin Van Buren, George Washington, Betsey Cushing, Mary “Minnie” Cushing, Barbara “Babe” Cushing, Stanley Mortimer, Jr., William “Bill” Paley, presidential election 2024, friends, neighbors, family, kinship, step-sibling vs. half sibling--Extra Notes / Call to Action:If possible, please consider donating blood via Red Cross, https://www.redcrossblood.org/give.html/find-driveRed Cross app available via Apple Store or Google PlayShare, like, subscribe                                                                                                                                      --Archival Music provided by Past Perfect Vintage Music, www.pastperfect.com.Opening Music: My Heart Belongs to Daddy by Billy Cotton, Album The Great British Dance BandsSection 1 Music: Crazy Rhythm by Victor Silvester, Album The Great British Dance Bands**Section 2 Music:**Eeny Meeny Miney Mo by Harry Roy, Albums The Great Dance Bands Play Hits of the 30s & Tea Dance 2Section 3 Music: One Two, Button Your Shoe by Jack Hylton, Album The Great Dance Bands Play Hits of the 30sEnd Music: My Heart Belongs to Daddy by Billy Cotton, Album The Great British Dance Bands--https://asthemoneyburns.com/TW / IG – @asthemoneyburns Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/asthemoneyburns/

De onde surge o poder dos Estados Unidos? Quando eles efetivamente se tornaram uma grande potência no cenário internacional? Qual é o papel da América Latina nisso? E a China? Conversamos com Lucas Leite (FAAP / PPGRI-UFU) sobre o livro "O Império Hesitante: A Ascensão Americana no Cenário Internacional". No livro, Lucas Leite analisou documentos e discursos dos presidentes americanos, de Andrew Johnson a William Taft, passando por William McKinley e Theodore Roosevelt, dentre outros. Aperte o play!

De onde surge o poder dos Estados Unidos? Quando eles efetivamente se tornaram uma grande potência no cenário internacional? Conversamos com Lucas Leite (FAAP / PPGRI-UFU) sobre o livro "O Império Hesitante: A Ascensão Americana no Cenário Internacional". No livro, Lucas Leite analisou documentos e discursos dos presidentes americanos, de Andrew Johnson a William Taft, passando por William McKinley e Theodore Roosevelt, dentre outros. Aperte o play! The post O Império Hesitante appeared first on Chutando a Escada.

Skull and Bones was a secret society that has many high profile members including George H.W. Bush, George W. Bush, John Kerry, William Taft, Supreme Court Justice Potter Stewart. It has be theorized that Skull and Bones is the American chapter of the Illuminati and that they control the most powerful institutions in the United States including the CIA. The Skull and Bones Society has also been theorized to be part of the JFK assassination. Come join us as we take you down this incredible rabbit-hole.-------------------Follow us:Instagram @Con_Men_Podcast,Twitter- @Conmenpodcast1email- conmenpod@gmail.com-------------------Full video episode is on Rumble here https://rumble.com/v2vrq5i-was-skull-and-bones-behind-the-jfk-assassination-75.html--------------Check out the new cooking show on Youtube called MK UltrEATS. .Check it out! Youtube.com/mkultreats-----------------We are also streaming on all podcast platformshttps://linktr.ee/conmenpodcast----------------Subscribe to our Patreon here https://www.patreon.com/conmenpodcast--------------MERCH STORE IS NOW LIVE!!! CHECK IT OUT HERE https://conmenmerch.myshopify.com--------------Check out Adam Hesters Podcast: Skeleton Factory Podcast. You can find it here https://linktr.ee/skeletonfactoryPatreon.com/SkeletonfactoryInstagram: @Skeleton_Factory--------------Special Thanks to Mr. Charles Elliott for allowing us to use his song for the intro. Check out his music here on Spotifyhttps://open.spotify.com/album/79LJ4cbLYlMarMq5YydyrO

Il 25 gennaio 1948, settantacinque anni fa, moriva a Poschiavo il pastore Giovanni Luzzi, uno dei teologi riformati, di lingua italiana, più importanti del XX secolo. Tradusse la Bibbia in italiano e romancio e fu un pioniere in campo ecumenico. Giovanni Luzzi (nato in Engadina, a Tschlin, nel 1856) dedicò buona parte della vita alla traduzione della Bibbia. Dapprima presiedette un comitato incaricato di rivedere l'antica traduzione italiana di Giovanni Diodati, risalente alla prima metà del Seicento. Poi si dedicò a una nuova traduzione della Bibbia in italiano che uscì in dodici volumi – dapprima per i tipi della Sansoni, poi per quelli della casa editrice “Fides et Amor” -, tra il 1920 e il 1930.Persuaso della necessità di diffondere il più possibile la Bibbia, oltre ogni steccato confessionale, allo scopo di innalzare il livello morale e civile dell'Italia, distribuì tra i soldati al fronte, durante la Prima guerra mondiale, più di 40'000 copie della sua edizione del Nuovo Testamento. Il testo fu apprezzato e richiesto anche da centinaia di cappellani e sacerdoti cattolici al seguito delle truppe.L'entusiasmo di Luzzi non fu smorzato nemmeno dal monito emesso dalla vaticana Congregazione del Sant'Uffizio, nell'aprile 1925, contro la sua traduzione, rea di essere il risultato del lavoro di un “acattolico” e perciò, per ogni cattolico, proibita.Alla figura e all'opera di Giovanni Luzzi sarà dedicata una mostra, nella Galleria della Pro Grigioni Italiano, a Poschiavo. Il vernissage è previsto per il 4 marzo. Saranno esposti tra l'altro libri, lettere, manoscritti e alcuni oggetti appartenuti al teologo e traduttore della Bibbia provenienti dal “Fondo Luzzi” – recentemente catalogato – depositato nell'archivio della Chiesa riformata di Poschiavo.Il 10 marzo, nell'Aula riformata di Poschiavo, una cena-conferenza permetterà di conoscere l'affascinante personalità di Giovanni Luzzi a bordo del transatlantico “Rotterdam”, sul quale il teologo andò in America – dove incontrò tra gli altri il presidente statunitense William Taft e il candidato alla presidenza Woodrow Wilson – nell'autunno del 1912.

Thanks to Pranav and Zachary for their suggestions this week, where we learn the story behind two cuddly toys and the animals that inspired them! The cartoon that inspired the toy: My own teddy bear: An American black bear (not William Taft although yes, there is a resemblance, including a willingness to eat entire possums in one sitting): William Taft: A Virginia opossum: A possum with babies! Stop trying to make Billy Possum a thing: Admittedly it was pretty cute: Show transcript: Welcome to Strange Animals Podcast. I'm your host, Kate Shaw. This week we're going to learn about two cuddly animals, one of which you've definitely heard of, the other you might not have. Oh wait, you've heard of both animals for sure—but you might not have heard about the toys based on the animals. Thanks to Pranav and Zachary for their suggestions. The president of the United States at the beginning of the 20th century was Theodore Roosevelt, who served from 1901 to 1909. He was sometimes called Teddy instead of Theodore, although he didn't actually like the nickname. Roosevelt is widely considered to have been a very good president, as well as an interesting and sometimes eccentric man, but his main contribution to history as far as most people are concerned is the teddy bear. Roosevelt was an active man who spent a lot of time horseback riding, playing tennis, hiking, swimming, boxing, and lots of other things. He also liked to read, spoke several languages, and wrote poetry—and he was an avid hunter and would travel the world to kill things. That's what he was doing in November 1902, when the governor of Mississippi invited him on a bear hunting trip. The hunting party killed several bears that day, but Roosevelt hadn't shot anything. Some of the president's attendants decided to help things along, and they chased a bear down with hounds until it was exhausted, beat it until it was almost dead, and tied it to a tree. I know, this is awful. I'm sorry. Then they said, “Hey, Mr. President, we found you a bear to shoot.” Not only did Roosevelt refuse to kill the bear, he was angry at the people who had treated it so badly. He requested that the poor animal be shot to put it out of its misery, since by that point it was already dying from its treatment. Because Roosevelt was the president, everything he did made its way into the newspapers, including this event. A political cartoonist used the bear hunt in a cartoon, only instead of an adult bear he made the bear a cute little cub. This inspired an inventor named Morris Michtom and his wife Rose to make a little bear cub doll to sell at their candy shop in Brooklyn, New York. They labeled it “Teddy's bear” and the rest is history. Most teddy bears don't look much like an actual American black bear. The black bear lives in forested areas throughout much of North America and used to be even more widespread, but was hunted to extinction in many areas. It's more closely related to the Asian black bear than it is to other bears found in North America, including the grizzly and polar bears. Its fur is usually black although some black bears are gray, various shades of brown, or sometimes even a rare cream color. The biggest American black bear ever measured was just barely under 8 feet long, or 2.41 meters, and probably weighed 1,100 pounds, or 500 kg. Most black bears are a lot smaller than that, though. Black bears mate in summer but the fertilized egg cells don't start developing until November. This gives the female plenty of time to gain lots of healthy weight before she finds a safe place to spend the winter. Black bears hibernate in cold weather, although scientists are still debating whether its metabolic changes constitute true hibernation. A bear will use a hollow tree or small cave as a den, or will dig a den. It gets comfortable in its den and soon its heart rate starts to drop until it only beats abou...

“Co … wards! Assassins!” This is the story of the Philippine-American War. Having bested the Spanish in war, the United States now lays claim to holding sovereignty over the Philippines. President William McKinley asserts that the US is enacting “benevolent assimilation” on the islands. William Taft says the US is going to help its “little brown brothers.” But nationalist Emilio Aguinaldo rejects these claims. He says the Philippines should be independent; that US rule is no better than Spanish rule. War follows. Murder among the nationalists … the birth of the “water cure” … the rise of new figures who will dominate US politics for years to come … welcome to the Philippine-American War. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In March 1912, North Dakota was the first to vote in the Republican Party's presidential primaries. Theodore Roosevelt, who was president just four years before, was one of those challenging incumbent president, William Taft.

Emma hosts Ted H. Miller, associate teaching professor at Northeastern University, to discuss his recent book A Conspiratorial Life: Robert Welch, the John Birch Society, and the Revolution of American Conservatism, on the anti-communist paranoia that helped found the educational and political beliefs that define modern conservatism. Professor Miller begins with the birth of Robert Welch, eventual founder of the John Birch Society, at the end of the 19th Century, to a family engrained in the lost cause movement and fearful of an encroaching monopolizing eastern establishment, before exploring how Welch's profession as a Candyman bolstered this tendency towards conspiracy. Next, they move towards the political developments in the first half of the 20th Century that pushed him towards the founding of the John Birch Society in 1958, starting with FDR's new deal, with Welch fully pivoting to McCarthyist fear-mongering after China's transition to communism and William Taft's loss to Dwight Eisenhower solidified his belief that the U.S., like China, was being unwillingly taken over by communists. They dive into the extent of his conspiracy and paranoia during these years, including the belief that both of the Sputnik launches were faked by the U.S., as well as the Cuban missile crisis manufacturing the idea that Russia and Cuba had missile-launching capacities. Emma and Professor Miller then look into the role of William F Buckley in chronicling the conservative movement, publicly pushing back against Welch and the John Birch Society while further incorporating their educational agenda into electoral tactics. This brings us to the Kennedy administration, which saw a few key figures and concepts come into the fold of paranoia, including Reagan's claim that under the “boyish locks of hair” laid “Karl Marx,” Dan Smoot's creation of the concept of a “deep state,” and claims of false flag assassination attempts against Gerald Ford in the 70s. They wrap up the interview by discussing how the Reagan revolution of conservatism solidified the Robert Welch ideology into the party, finally bringing about the policies necessary for a worldview defined by evangelism and conspiracy, and look at how far ahead of the modern GOP positions Welch was. Emma also covers the devastating loss of bell hooks, and Pelosi reminding us that Congresspeople deserve to exploit the stock market too. And in the Fun Half: Matt and Brandon join Emma as they discuss Stephen Crowder getting one strike away from coming out – I mean, being forced out – of the Youtube world, Kasey Lee from Spokane raises concerns about the Fed's report on large amounts of government spending (it's fine), and Lindsey Graham (OmegaSpectrum from the IM's) offers a surprise make-up call then asks for the crew's takes on Eric Adams. This brings them to Adams's announcement of his new police chief in front of a mural of people who the NYPD would have probably planted evidence on at the time, a teen tech lord's pitch for Donald Trump's wall, and Ilya from Quebec explores emerging Islamophobic law in Canada. They also cover NFTV starting out as unoriginal as Marvel's copy/paste series concepts, plus, your calls and IMs! Purchase tickets for the live show in Boston on January 16th HERE! https://thewilbur.com/artist/majority-report/ Become a member at JoinTheMajorityReport.com Subscribe to the AMQuickie newsletter here. Join the Majority Report Discord! http://majoritydiscord.com/ Get all your MR merch at our store https://shop.majorityreportradio.com/ (Merch issues and concerns can be addressed here: majorityreportstore@mirrorimage.com) You can now watch the livestream on Twitch Support the St. Vincent Nurses today as they continue to strike for a fair contract! https://action.massnurses.org/we-stand-with-st-vincents-nurses/ Subscribe to Discourse Blog, a newsletter and website for progressive essays and related fun partly run by AM Quickie writer Jack Crosbie. https://discourseblog.com/ Subscribe to AM Quickie writer Corey Pein's podcast News from Nowhere, at https://www.patreon.com/newsfromnowhere Check out Matt's show, Left Reckoning, on Youtube, and subscribe on Patreon! Subscribe to Matt's other show Literary Hangover on Patreon! Check out The Letterhack's upcoming Kickstarter project for his new graphic novel! https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/milagrocomic/milagro-heroe-de-las-calles Check out Matt Binder's YouTube channel! Subscribe to Brandon's show The Discourse on Patreon! Check out The Nomiki Show live at 3 pm ET on YouTube at patreon.com/thenomikishow Check out Jamie's podcast, The Antifada, at patreon.com/theantifada, on iTunes, or at twitch.tv/theantifada (streaming every Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday at 7pm ET!) Follow the Majority Report crew on Twitter: @SamSeder @EmmaVigeland @MattBinder @MattLech @BF1nn @BradKAlsop

Susan and Greg discuss how race plays a part in perceptions of protestors.

This week the girls take aim at........ America, land of the weird and home of the strange.....Amy started off this week by explaining why we find some aspects of life in the United States of America to be weird and or strange. Out of love for our North American cousins, we decided to dedicate a whole episode to the interesting things we have found along the way which make them so unique. Amy explained some of the things she found in her travels to the United States of America to be wonderfully weird.Sarah took aim at American Presidents and some fun facts about them. She discussed the longest and shortest inaugural speeches, the fact that President Lincoln was an accomplished wrestler, and how the White House ended up with a four-man bathtub  (spoiler alert - someone got stuck!). Bianca then wrapped up with a discussion about some strange laws. Want to know where you are not allowed to drive blindfolded, where you can't hold public office if you have been in a duel, or where you can't wear false teeth without your husband's permission? Check out Bianca's segment and she explains it all!Head on over to the blog: https://fridaynightwinefight.blogspot.com/ for accompanying content.  If you have a topic you want us to take aim at, please hit us up at the links below:FacebookTwitterInstagramTumblrOr email us at - fridaynightwinefight@gmail.comTheme music by Joseph McDade https://josephmcdade.com/music Episode edited by AmySupport the show (https://www.buymeacoffee.com/fnwfpodcast)

On July 14, 1791, President George Washington appointed Thomas Johnson, who had been Maryland's first governor and who was a resident of Frederick, as an Associate Justice of The States Supreme Court of The Un ited States. On July 14, 1885, Samuel Heidelberger Rosenstock, who achieved great success in the canning industry in Frederick County, and who made countless contributions to local institutions and charities, was born in Baltimore. He died March 22, 1981, at his West Second Street home across from Baker Park. On July 14, 1902, fire heavily damaged the south wing of the Montevue Hospital, then two miles from Frederick. All city fire equipment and manpower took nearly an hour to arrive on the scene. The blaze began in a clothes room on the fifth floor. Damage was extensive on the south wing's fourth and fifth floors and the south tower. More than 125 “inmates” were evacuated, as was a great deal of the buildings' furnishings. Today in 1881, Billy the Kid was shot and killed by Sheriff Pat Garrett in Fort Sumner, New Mexico. Billy the Kid's real name? William H. Bonney Jr. Today in 1911, Harry N. Atwood landed an airplane on the lawn of the White House to accept an award from President William Taft. Today in 1946, Benjamin Spock published the book that would forever change the way Americans raised their children. The book was “The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care,” and it is still one of the best-selling books in history. Today in 1951, the George Washington Carver National Monument in Joplin, Missouri, became the first national park to honor an African American. Today in 1965, the American space probe, the Mariner 4, flew by Mars, and sent back photographs of the planet. Today in 1966, Richard Speck brutally murdered eight student nurses in a Chicago dormitory. A ninth nurse survived the attack and later testified against him. Convicted of multiple murder in April 1967, Speck was sentenced to death a month later. The Supreme Court later overturned the sentence (on the basis that the sentence was unconstitutional) and Speck was ordered to serve consecutive life sentences that totaled more than 400 years. He only served 19 years of the term as he died of a massive heart attack in December 1991. Not surprisingly, no one claimed the body, which was later cremated with the ashes buried in an undisclosed location. Today in 1968, Hank Aaron hit his 500th career home run while with the Atlanta Braves. Today in 1976, Jimmy Carter won the Democratic Presidential nomination by an overwhelming margin at the party's convention in New York City. Today in 1981, the All-Star Game was postponed because of a 33-day-old baseball players strike. The game was finally played on August 9th. Today in 1983, House representative Daniel Crane of Illinois and Gerry Studds of Massachusetts admitted to having sex with congressional pages. Today in 1997, O.J. Simpson's California mansion was auctioned off for $2.6-million dollars. Today in 1998, the city of Los Angeles sued 15 tobacco companies for $2.5 billion over the dangers of secondhand smoke. Today in 1999, major league umpires voted to resign on September 2nd and not work the final month of the season in an effort to get more money. The strategy collapsed when baseball owners accepted the resignations of 22 umpires. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We are having a bit of fun with the title of this podcast because it poses a trick question? You see... if Mr. Biden was president in 1821... aside from the fact that there was no "Democratic" political party then, he would have another issue on his hand: there were no corporate or income taxes back then either.  And no! As much as our current political skirmishes suggest, it wasn't a Democratic US President that ushered in the income tax. It was a Republican president - Honest Abe! And later, it was during another Republican President's term that the income tax became permanent - William Taft. The irony of it is that the poor masses and the progressive middle class pushed for the income tax to get the rich to pay their fair share. Now, the poor and the middle American families seem to shoulder most of the income tax burden.  So this begs the following question: how did the federal government pay for itself all these years before the income tax? How and why did it grow so large, needing ever more income to pay for its many programs?  So that we better understand our present, we spoke with Mr. David Thomson, an assistant professor of American history at Sacred Heart University in Connecticut (link to the academic homepage: https://www.sacredheart.edu/phonebook/david-thomson.php). In his research, Professor Thomson focuses on the Civil War period, including the financing of that war through the sale of government bonds. He recently received a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. He is the recipient of numerous fellowships and has won many awards and honors. He is also a contributor to prominent publications, such as the New York Times, the Washington Post, and the Boston Globe magazine. See more information on his website: http://davidkthomson.com/. Professor Thomson has an upcoming book titled Bonds of War: How Civil War Financial Agents Sold the World on the Union. His book will be published in the Spring of 2022 with the University of North Carolina Press. Tune in to ThePeel.news podcast as Professor Thomson takes us from our very beginning - no taxation without representation - through Shays' Rebellion, the US Constitution, George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, the Civil War, great depressions before the GREAT DEPRESSION, the Gilded Age, the Sixteenth Amendment, World War I, the Roaring '20s, the GREAT DEPRESSION, and World War II.  Image attribution: The chart title "Federal Revenue by type" is by Wikideas1, from this source, and provided under CC BY-SA 4.0 license in Wikipedia. The sides and top margins of the chart were cropped for better fitting. Some descriptions & titles were superimposed on the chart for better reading. The chart was turned sideways for better fit into the frame. 

This episode of the Nixon Now podcast explores the complicated and fascinating relationship between President Theodore Roosevelt and President William Taft. The President's Club exhibit is now open at the Nixon Library.

William Taft var med en BMI på 47,5 en rigtig stor mand med en sådan størrelse, at det affødte deciderede legender om ham. Taft var blevet håndplukket af sin forgænger, den sprudlende Theodore Roosevelt, til at overtage præsidentembedet, mens TR tog på storvildtsjagt rundt omkring i verden. Taft var ellers ikke en mand, der havde udset sig det hvide hus, han var blevet lovet en plads i højesteretten af førnævnte Roosevelt's forgænger William McKinley.Højesteretten skulle han dog sidenhen komme til at sidde i, hvor han sidenhen har svoret andre præsidenter ind i embedet. Men det var altså ikke før Taft havde afsonet en enkelt periode som præsident. En periode der mest gjorde sig bemærket ved sin mangel på begivenheder.I studiet er Anders Agner og Lars Græsborg Mathiasen fra Kongressen.com og Rasmus Dahlberg, historiker og forfatter, blandt andet til en bog om de amerikanske præsidenter

Richard Lummis and Tom Fox continue their a five-part series on leadership lessons from Theodore Roosevelt. We will look at lessons from Roosevelt’s early years in New York up to his cowboying days in Montana; the second phase of his public career, from NYC Police Commission to Assistant Secretary of the Navy, San Juan Hill and the Vice Presidency; his leadership from his Presidency; his life in the post-Presidency and the election of 1912 and we will end with leadership lessons from his post Bull Moose Party life, World War I and event surrounding his death. In this fourth episode, we consider the leadership lessons learned from Roosevelt’s years after the end of his second term up through his run for President at the head of the Bull Moose Party in 1912. Highlights of this podcast include: Roosevelt goes big game hunting and holds meetings with political leaders across all of  Europe. What led to the schism in the GOP and Roosevelt’s defeat at the GOP 1912 Convention? The formation of the Bull Moose Party and his survival of an assassination attempt. The election of 1912, his loss to Wilson but his overwhelming defeat of his former protegeé, William Taft. We conclude this episode with three key leadership lessons, including: 1. Change when the facts change; 2. Don't be afraid of making unpopular decisions; and 3. Leaders are Learners. Resources Doris Kearns Goodwin’s 10 Leadership Lessons from the White House 6 Leadership Hacks From The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt 10 top Leadership Principles of Teddy Roosevelt The Roosevelts: Eight presidential lessons in leadership Lessons in Leadership from 100 years ago Theodore Roosevelt on Leadership 10 Theodore Roosevelt Leadership Lessons Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

It's not easy to follow a president like Teddy Roosevelt. It's even harder when that Teddy Roosevelt decides that perhaps you are no longer up to the job. Taft was going to find this hard even with his friend's help, now it's unlikely he will survive. 

William Taft is an often overlooked president. Possibly because he seemed to sail through life with people shoving doors open for his sail boat (metaphors getting a bit mixed there). But this does not mean he is not interesting! This episode we cover his early life and what was going on in the Philippines at the turn of the century.

After a relatively easy flight from Seattle to Charleston, South Carolina, we jumped in our cars and took off to an early dinner and a chat at Fleet Landing, a seafood restaurant on the water across from Fort Sumter National Monument.Ani Black, Kylie Knowles, and David Levenson talk about their hopes and expectations for this trip. And we learn about She-crab soup, popular with President William Taft.February, 23rd, 2020  

This week learn about one of the most important butts in history, Archibald Butt, friend and advisor to William Taft and Teddy Roosevelt. Also, find out how many raccoons you can put in a human butt (theoretically), and the terrible secret life of sports stars booties. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/pod-it-in-your-butt/support

How is today’s brand of conservatism different from past presidencies? In this episode, Julian Zelizer discusses the ins and outs of conservatism today, particularly compared with that during the Ronald Reagan presidency, with economist Arthur Brooks. Brooks elaborates on his own unlikely path to becoming a leading conservative thinker and expresses his firm belief that, because of the unique history of the United States, nearly all Americans are progressive, regardless of their party identification. He also takes an historic look at the conservative movement, noting, for example, that while many of Trump’s views are in opposition to those of Reagan, they are very much in line with the conservatism of President William Taft. Brooks is currently the president of the American Enterprise Institute in Washington, D.C., and also author of numerous books including “The Conservative Heart: How to Build a Fairer, Happier, and More Prosperous America.” He also writes comments in several media outlets including The New York Times.

This weeks guest, Is a very talented guy who transplanted from Memphis to New Orleans and has been steady working since. He is a character actor probably most recognized by audiences for his role as CHUB on Hap & Leonard. He is set to appear in Highway Men, Assassination Nation & as President William Taft for HBO Latin in The American Guest. Jeff Pope is talking like a normal person!

Taft continues to chase the dream he didn't know he had and become President! Will he ever get to be Chief Justice? We'll find out! _______________________________   Support us on Patreon! For only $0.11 per episode ($1/month) you can be part of our Patreon community. For a few more bucks per month we'll throw in two bonus episode! Check it out. ____________________________ Support the show! Use this link to do your shopping on Amazon. It won't cost you a penny more and it will help us out!  ElectionCollege.com/Amazon ________________________ Be sure to subscribe to the show! Leave us a review on iTunes - It really helps us out! Facebook  |  Twitter  | Instagram ________________________ Music from: http://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-music ________________________ Some links in these show notes are affiliate links that could monetarily benefit Election College, but cost you nothing extra.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

                          Welcome back to The Emancipation Podcast Station - the place to hear about history researched and retold through the eyes of Middle school and HS students. Last time on the show…   Today we discuss The American West. Let’s dive in.   How was Hayes different than other presidents? Rutherford B Hayes - Presidential Podcast Gabe - Ruther B Hayes actually was the first president to celebrate easter thing he also promised only to go one term which he did and his wish was to restore faith that he says was lost since Lincoln was shot. Today historians refer to him as an average president. Skylar -Hayes won the electoral vote but Tilden won the popular vote, causing the Compromise of 1877, that we talked about in the previous episode. Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th president of the United States. He served from 1877 to 1881. He was born in Delaware, Ohio on October 4th, 1822. He was part of the Republican Party. Before becoming president he was a lawyer, like former president Abe Lincoln. He was an abolitionist and mostly helped defend runaway slaves. 3.- Blake - Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th president of the U.S. Hayes was the governor of Ohio before becoming the president. The election of 1876 was a disputed one as Hayes’ opponent Samuel J. Tilden had won the popular vote but Hayes had won the most electoral votes. - Ethan - His Vice President was William A. Wheeler.  He took office at the end of the Reconstruction Era which was the literal reconstruction of the U.S. after the Civil War. Like Gabe said he tried to take over where Lincoln left off. Hayes was probably one of Lincoln’s greatest supporters. Ben- Unlike many iconic presidents, Rutherford was not self-taught, he graduated from Harvard and studied law. His first few cases were about runaway slaves. 6.Ricky-Rutherford B Hayes was an extrovert and love to be around people. He was part of the Republican Party and like everyone has already said, he won the popular vote. Hunter- Rutherford B. Hayes’ presidency was from 1877-1881 he was pretty popular as an extrovert like Ricky has said he won the popular vote and like Skylar has said he also won the electoral vote.` Elijah- Rutherford B. Hayes’ was a abolitionist. He fought in the civil war as part of the union army and fought against slavery. He served as capacity of judge advocate on the field headquarters for his time in the civil war. The Gold Rush  Gabe - The Gold was found by John Sumter in 1848 who found flakes in a river well that got out and everyone was coming for some gold in 1849 they were called forty niners It even says that people were coming from asia australia europe and latin america for the gold well 1850 california became a state, established a government and joined the union. Most the prospectors made nothing some were successful most were not though there was no law enforcement sanitation crime rates were extremely high in goldfields and one camp even exploded. Most of the time the shopkeepers would make more than the actually prospectors because they charged so high for equipment and the shopkeepers became the rich ones. Skylar - The Gold Rush was a very big deal. Like gabe said people came from different  countries like Asia and Europe. Over 300,000 people came from the surrounding states and countries. The new sources of transportation like steamboats and railroads were making it easier than ever to get to the gold, before it was welcomed into the Union as the 31st state on september 9th, 1850. - Blake - A lot of people know what the Gold Rush is but not many people know the true violence behind the money. As soon as gold was found in California people from all over migrated to hopefully strike rich and have a profitable life, unfortunately this was not the case for all miners. Because of this discovery of gold it led to immigration and these immigrants were treated terribly as Nativism had become a very common thing. - Ethan - Small amounts of people became rich. But people kept saying “oh we’re about to hit gold, we don’t need food”. Those people either got lucky or died trying. People kept getting robbed because of the area and there were few good places to stay because it was only recently discovered. Vigilante`s were the only way to keep people from getting robbed. Too bad Batman’s only a comic...or was he? (Ricky- like John Marston? :) are you using this?) 5.Ben- A popular event in history changed the state of California and its population, literally, they kill off most of California’s native population. After the gold rush many forty-niners moved to alaska or australia because gold was found in both places. Ricky-The California Gold Rush was a period in between 1848 and 1855 in Sutter's Mill. 7.Hunter- lamborghinis are pretty expensive Gabe  nowadays cars like that can go up to nearly 600,000 dollars. Or at least the one i was looking at it was a convertible with a nice chrome black finish but enough about that. The cali gold rush was a really big one and it started a lot of robberies it went on  for seven whole years. I know lol i've looked up prices lololol - gabe Elijah- The California Gold Rush was not just a gold mine literally but also a entrepreneur gold mine. The many ways people made money off of the miners and just the region is amazing. Levi jeans were made at the time for miners so the jeans could be worn more and go though more wear and tear. Women were working inns for the miners and made money that way. The whole gold rush was a big way for people to make money and live the american dream of manifest destiny. Do you think he was a good or bad president? Grover Cleveland - Presidential Podcast  Gabe - Grover Cleveland was a democrat American politician and lawyer he was the only president in history to serve two non consecutive terms as 22nd president and the 24th president. He won the popular vote for three presidential elections 1884 1888 1892 He and woodrow wilson were the only two democrats to be elected during the era of republican. - Blake - The 22nd and 24th president of the United States was Grover Cleveland he was the only president to serve 2 non consecutive terms in history. Cleveland was a big guy around 300 pounds at the beginning of his first term he was the second largest president behind William Taft. Skylar - Grover Cleveland was born March 18th, 1837 in Caldwell, New Jersey. Cleveland didn’t get along with the media well because they wrote negative things about him. He didn’t get started in politics until he was 44, but he was a successful lawyer beforehand, just like Lincoln, like gabe said. He was part of the democratic party, and was a lawyer like Lincoln as well, just like Gabe said. He was elected as the mayor of Buffalo in 1881, Governor of New York in 1882, and then became president in 1883.   4.- Ethan - His full name was Stephen Grover Cleveland. He was the leader of the Bourbon Democrats. They opposed things like Free Silver. Free Silver was kind of the opposition against using silver in our coins, trying to maintain the gold standard. Other things they didn’t like were high tariffs, inflation, and imperialism. Imperialism was basically extending the country’s power through brute force and or diplomacy. 5.Ricky-Grover Cleveland was a big man as Blake has said, but he was comical and funny in his social interventions but, he was really really serious in his political convention. Ben- A big part of his life was cancer, he found out he had a tumor in the roof of his mouth in the June of 1893. But, the thing was, he didnt want the press to know, because cancer was so scary and deadly at the time. Luckily, he survived and got the tumor cut off on a boat. The cover up was that he got a dental procedure that removed two teeth, which was true, but it was because of the tumor removing process. He also died on June 24, 1908, and his famous last words were, “I have tried so hard to do right.” 7. Elijah- Stephen Grover Cleveland, part of the democratic party. In his first term he vetoed 414 congressional bills. When he first started politics he was a sheriff in New York. After finishing his two terms he went into law and then ran for mayor. He became the mayor of Buffalo in 1882.  After that he ran for governor and won. He kept moving forward as he went to president.   Who were the exodusters? The Homestead Act and the exodusters  Gabe - The Homestead Act was when the government gave away huge amounts of land to certain citizens you could not apply for a homestead if you beared arms against America which meant no confederate soldiers could apply and you had to be over 21. later they even allowed immigrants to apply you would get around 160 acres of land which is a lot i have seen 80 acres 160 is twice that its massive you got this land if you kept your promise which meant you would farm the land for 5 years. Even African Americans Could apply for a Homestead Act. - Blake - The Exodusters were a group of people mostly former slaves who were subject to racial violence and repression when in reality all they wanted was a plot of land to start a family and live prosperously. Skylar - The Homestead Act was was put into place in 1862. It stated that anyone who wanted to become a citizen could have around 160 acres of land, if they would farm it. The big debate was between slave owners who thought only slave owners should get the new land in the west to farm on. There were only to things you had to promise other than promising to farm the land was to borne arms against the United States Government and to never give aid and comfort to it’s enemies. 4.- Ethan - The Exodus of 1879 was a mass migration of African Americans leaving the South. Thus, that group of people became known as the exodusters. Inspiration for the name came from the book of the Bible, Exodus. These people settled in modern day Colorado, Kansas, and Oklahoma. 5.Ricky-Exodusters were former slaves in the South who then moved into the West in two places like Oklahoma Kansas Colorado. The Homestead Act helped this. Because of the Homestead Act granting millions of acres of land Exodusters could build settlements. This was stuff like the Oklahoma land run. Ben- Almost a century after they started, the government gave over one and a half million homesteads away, which was 10% of all American land. Hunter- The homestead act was just three years before the gilded age so 1862. all U.S. citizens who did not bear arms against the U.S. were able to apply for a homestead wich like Gabe and multiple others have said they gave 160 whole acres to women, immigrants, freed slaves, and after a while ex-confederate soldiers. Elijah-The homestead act was signed May, 20th 1862 by President Lincoln. This granted 160 acres of land in the West as homestead to anyone who is the head of the family or someone who is 21 and is a citizen of the USA. This became a way for ex-confederate soldiers were able to apply for homestead as much as freed slaves.   The reservation system  Gabe - The Appropriation Act of 1851 Made it where we could put indians in a reserve In oklahoma so they wouldn't come on land americans wanted to settle. Which also sparked the reservation system for reserves in other states for indians so the americans could settle and the indians could be in there own LITTLE spot. Skylar - The Indian Reservation System started in 1851 to keep the indians off the land these new “americans” wanted to settle on. The reservations were made so indians would have a small piece of land to live on. Even though they had been living there hundreds of years before the Europeans took over and pretended it was their land. I think it was really dumb to do this because it wasn’t really their land. They were basically treating them like slaves saying, that this is where you are going to live because these new settlers want to live there. 3.- Ethan - A lot of Native Americans didn’t like the system so thus started the Indian Wars. With a lot of bloodshed done,  Americans stand victorious in relocating the Indians. Ulysses S. Grant tried bringing Indians into mainstream American society. - Blake - Oh boy well as a lot of people know five Native American tribes came together to form the Five Civilized Tribes which consisted of the Cherokee (represent), Creek, Chickasaw. Seminole and Choctaw. This was the main group of Native Americans that were relocated to modern day Oklahoma 5.Ricky-as everyone already said in 1851 the reservation of Indians was basically just the US saying you can stay on this land but we're taking this land. The Dawes Act in 1887 of dismantled reservation giving each tribe plots of land. Ben- After the Indian Removal Act it was a strange time for the Native Americans. The white people thought since they took whatever they wanted before, they could do it again. It was a dark time for American morals.They could govern their tribes but that didn’t protect them from poverty and other terrible things. Hunter- The reservation system was a system in which native americans were not allowed to step foot in European-American settlements. During this time in American history the whites thought like Ben has said take what they want when they want it. Elijah- The Indian reservation system was put in place to keep land for whites that were moving westward with their philosophy as manifest destiny. The movement westward was always the american dream at the time and this was a way to do it. This caused a lot of hostility from the indians towards the expansionists. This is what helped cause the Indian wars.      Do you think this was good or bad for the Indians and why? The Dawes Act  Gabe -  The Dawes act Passed by Grover Cleveland allowed Him to destroy the reservations and make indians come into american society which i think was better i mean did you hear what was happening in those reserves pretty bad stuff. Then they would give land to certain indians and they became US citizens the rest i believe were classified as immigrants or something of that sort. This applied to all except the 5 civilised tribes but they didn't accept some free allotments of land so we passed the curtis act that allowed the Dawes act to apply to the 5 tribes and they also took the 5 tribes land and let white men settle there. Skylar - The Dawes Act was passed in 1887. Cleveland put this act into place to make indians come back into the American Society because like gabe said stuff was getting pretty bad. Instead of reservations they gave plots to certain tribes instead of having all different tribes in one small piece of land. I think this was a good idea because some tribes don’t get along with each other hence why they weren’t all one huge tribe, but rather many smaller groups of people that got along. 3.- Ethan - The Dawes Act was also known as Dawes Severalty Act or the General Allotment Act. It was signed on January 8th, 1887. It allowed president Grover Cleveland to take tribal lands from the Native Americans to make them American citizens. Cleveland basically was saying that the only way that they could earn citizenship was by giving up traditions. - Blake - More about my tribe yay. Originally the Dawes Act did not apply to the Five Civilized Tribes because they had already been cooperative with the government. Ricky-the Dawes Act just basically made some Indian tribes U.S citizenship. Ben- The white people thought that to stop the conflict they must break up the land, because that is what most indians fought about at the time, I think. This made the native americans spread out, and eventually make them become normalized in today’s society. 7. Elijah-The dawes acts basically helped native americans become US citizens but at the same time stripped the native americans from their tribal land.  This divided the european settlers and the native americans even more. Why were so many immigrants flooding into America? Chinese immigrants and Mexican Americans in the age of westward expansion  Gabe - Mexicans and Chinese became colliding with americans in there westward expansion. Most of the Mexicans and Chinese had to make enclaves in places to get jobs without losing them because of racist people Skylar - There wasn’t many immigrants in 1820, but with the gold rush, new jobs, new choices, by 1880 there were over 800,000 people who came to the US who were just chinese. New mexicans were also coming into the country and both of these new races needed jobs, but a lot of shop owners would give them jobs because they were mexican or chinese. 3.- Ethan - In the 1820s the Chinese started slowly entering America. By 1849 there were only about 650 Chinese immigrants in America. But then the Gold Rush came into play and by 1852 25,000 Chinese immigrants were in America. In 1880, the Chinese immigrant population increased to 3,000 - Blake - With westward expansion came conflict as Americans began fulfilling the manifest destiny and mining the California Gold Rush. The conflict was not only with the Natives but with Mexicans and Chinese. Ricky-With westward expansion came the fight for land and rights. Las Gorass Blancas was a group of Mexican rebels that fought against United States westward expansion and Manifest Destiny principles. They burned down houses, crops, and killed people. Ben- The rural booms pulled in immigrants from far and wide, but once they sailed across the ocean, they found couldn’t get enough resources to go back to their own country or continent. This caused many of them to have to work very menial jobs since no other employers would hire them like Skylar said. 7. 8.Elijah-During the 1890s the immigration of mexicans and chinese people were moving to america and becoming americans. But on both sides there was also a lot of resistance. As the Gold Rush ended americans populated california and were looking for outward expansion. This was to Mexico and China. Mexico had hostel movement towards(with the Mexican american war) americans and so did China (with the boxer rebellion)   Why did the Indians start the war? The Indian Wars and the Battle of the Little Bighorn  Gabe - The indian wars were wars fought because the indians did like being moved or have there land destroyed by americans so they fought massive battles in the end America won because they rock and nothing can destroy them and the indians were moved and lots of them died some which accepted land allotments became US citizens though so that's good. The last Indian war battle was at little bighorn where general custer made his great fail and got defeated by the indians which for some reason marked the ending of the indian wars Skylar - the Indian Wars were basically the whites against indians. They fought over land and natural resources. Of course the indians wanted it because it was their whole country before these new europeans came and settled there. The whites wanted it to build houses, new jobs, and farming, but the indians wanted it so they could live on it. They didn’t plan to make more jobs available to the new US citizens. - Ethan - The Battle of Little Bighorn(little contradiction) was also known as Custer’s Last Stand. That was the last battle of the Indian Wars. The Sioux(pronounced sue) Wars lasted from 1854 to 1890. In 1875, gold was discovered in Black Hills South Dakota. This brought miners into Indian territory. The Black Hills were hunting grounds for the Sioux, so the miners pleaded the US Army for protection. The Army responded with war, The Great Sioux Wars to be precise. It lasted from 1876-1877. - Blake - Oooo where do I start with you white people. The Indian Wars were a result of White People attempting to fulfill the manifest destiny by expanding westward and moving the Native Americans out. 5.Ricky- The battle of Little Bighorn was basically 6.ben- You can really tell how hard the Indians fought for their land, they had the power to keep up against the US military forces that attacked them, I think it’s because they just knew the land. 7.  Elijah-The Indian Wars was a revolt of the Indians against the white people with there manifest destiny. This was a war for land and resources. The whites were trying to move more westward and the indians resisted and that is where there war started.   What happened at the battle of wounded knee? The Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee  Gabe -  The Ghost Dance was a way for the indians to remember there tribal ways after the americans came and destroyed everything and the battle of wounded knee was were americans 7th cavalry slaughtered indiscriminately hundreds of sioux men women and children. Skylar - when there was a solar eclipse on january 1st, 1889 a shaman who was apart of the Paiute tribe said God showed him love peace through a dance called the Ghost Dance. Like gabe said it was a way for the indians to remember the dead and they could actually see their family who had passed away. 3.- Ethan - On December 29th, 1890, the US 7th Cavalry Regiment ambushed a Sioux Indian camp nearby Wounded Knee Creek. The Regiment tried to disarm the Sioux, but while doing so a shot was fired and that sent the Sioux into chaos, while the US Army massacred many men, women, and even children. These soldiers were exonerated and 20 soldiers were given medals of honor.( People can call me crazy, but I support almost whatever the US Army, Air Force, and Navy do. They were just doing their jobs, and they did them well.) - Blake - I’ll be talking about the aftermath of this and how you white people still couldn’t keep us down. After the wounded knee massacre the unit that had caused the scuffle had been pardoned and some had even been given a Medal Of Honor the most prestigious of military awards. But even after everything there are still over 2.9 million Natives in the U.S. Ben- You can cut down a tree but it’s even harder to get the roots out. The ghost dance spread a little bit of hope throughout the Indian culture, causing a pulse of resistance, the wars were starting to end, and the indians weren’t gonna give up. 6. 7. Elijah- The ghost dance was a vision of love and peace that was from God. This was a movement that was very spiritual. This was all about reuniting the indian tribes and coming together. The goal was banishment of all evil in the world. That’s all we have time for today. Thanks for joining us in this emancipation from the box, that is learning.

                          Welcome back to The Emancipation Podcast Station - the place to hear about history researched and retold through the eyes of Middle school and HS students. Last time on the show…   Today we discuss The American West. Let’s dive in.   How was Hayes different than other presidents? Rutherford B Hayes - Presidential Podcast Gabe - Ruther B Hayes actually was the first president to celebrate easter thing he also promised only to go one term which he did and his wish was to restore faith that he says was lost since Lincoln was shot. Today historians refer to him as an average president. Skylar -Hayes won the electoral vote but Tilden won the popular vote, causing the Compromise of 1877, that we talked about in the previous episode. Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th president of the United States. He served from 1877 to 1881. He was born in Delaware, Ohio on October 4th, 1822. He was part of the Republican Party. Before becoming president he was a lawyer, like former president Abe Lincoln. He was an abolitionist and mostly helped defend runaway slaves. 3.- Blake - Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th president of the U.S. Hayes was the governor of Ohio before becoming the president. The election of 1876 was a disputed one as Hayes’ opponent Samuel J. Tilden had won the popular vote but Hayes had won the most electoral votes. - Ethan - His Vice President was William A. Wheeler.  He took office at the end of the Reconstruction Era which was the literal reconstruction of the U.S. after the Civil War. Like Gabe said he tried to take over where Lincoln left off. Hayes was probably one of Lincoln’s greatest supporters. Ben- Unlike many iconic presidents, Rutherford was not self-taught, he graduated from Harvard and studied law. His first few cases were about runaway slaves. 6.Ricky-Rutherford B Hayes was an extrovert and love to be around people. He was part of the Republican Party and like everyone has already said, he won the popular vote. Hunter- Rutherford B. Hayes’ presidency was from 1877-1881 he was pretty popular as an extrovert like Ricky has said he won the popular vote and like Skylar has said he also won the electoral vote.` Elijah- Rutherford B. Hayes’ was a abolitionist. He fought in the civil war as part of the union army and fought against slavery. He served as capacity of judge advocate on the field headquarters for his time in the civil war. The Gold Rush  Gabe - The Gold was found by John Sumter in 1848 who found flakes in a river well that got out and everyone was coming for some gold in 1849 they were called forty niners It even says that people were coming from asia australia europe and latin america for the gold well 1850 california became a state, established a government and joined the union. Most the prospectors made nothing some were successful most were not though there was no law enforcement sanitation crime rates were extremely high in goldfields and one camp even exploded. Most of the time the shopkeepers would make more than the actually prospectors because they charged so high for equipment and the shopkeepers became the rich ones. Skylar - The Gold Rush was a very big deal. Like gabe said people came from different  countries like Asia and Europe. Over 300,000 people came from the surrounding states and countries. The new sources of transportation like steamboats and railroads were making it easier than ever to get to the gold, before it was welcomed into the Union as the 31st state on september 9th, 1850. - Blake - A lot of people know what the Gold Rush is but not many people know the true violence behind the money. As soon as gold was found in California people from all over migrated to hopefully strike rich and have a profitable life, unfortunately this was not the case for all miners. Because of this discovery of gold it led to immigration and these immigrants were treated terribly as Nativism had become a very common thing. - Ethan - Small amounts of people became rich. But people kept saying “oh we’re about to hit gold, we don’t need food”. Those people either got lucky or died trying. People kept getting robbed because of the area and there were few good places to stay because it was only recently discovered. Vigilante`s were the only way to keep people from getting robbed. Too bad Batman’s only a comic...or was he? (Ricky- like John Marston? :) are you using this?) 5.Ben- A popular event in history changed the state of California and its population, literally, they kill off most of California’s native population. After the gold rush many forty-niners moved to alaska or australia because gold was found in both places. Ricky-The California Gold Rush was a period in between 1848 and 1855 in Sutter's Mill. 7.Hunter- lamborghinis are pretty expensive Gabe  nowadays cars like that can go up to nearly 600,000 dollars. Or at least the one i was looking at it was a convertible with a nice chrome black finish but enough about that. The cali gold rush was a really big one and it started a lot of robberies it went on  for seven whole years. I know lol i've looked up prices lololol - gabe Elijah- The California Gold Rush was not just a gold mine literally but also a entrepreneur gold mine. The many ways people made money off of the miners and just the region is amazing. Levi jeans were made at the time for miners so the jeans could be worn more and go though more wear and tear. Women were working inns for the miners and made money that way. The whole gold rush was a big way for people to make money and live the american dream of manifest destiny. Do you think he was a good or bad president? Grover Cleveland - Presidential Podcast  Gabe - Grover Cleveland was a democrat American politician and lawyer he was the only president in history to serve two non consecutive terms as 22nd president and the 24th president. He won the popular vote for three presidential elections 1884 1888 1892 He and woodrow wilson were the only two democrats to be elected during the era of republican. - Blake - The 22nd and 24th president of the United States was Grover Cleveland he was the only president to serve 2 non consecutive terms in history. Cleveland was a big guy around 300 pounds at the beginning of his first term he was the second largest president behind William Taft. Skylar - Grover Cleveland was born March 18th, 1837 in Caldwell, New Jersey. Cleveland didn’t get along with the media well because they wrote negative things about him. He didn’t get started in politics until he was 44, but he was a successful lawyer beforehand, just like Lincoln, like gabe said. He was part of the democratic party, and was a lawyer like Lincoln as well, just like Gabe said. He was elected as the mayor of Buffalo in 1881, Governor of New York in 1882, and then became president in 1883.   4.- Ethan - His full name was Stephen Grover Cleveland. He was the leader of the Bourbon Democrats. They opposed things like Free Silver. Free Silver was kind of the opposition against using silver in our coins, trying to maintain the gold standard. Other things they didn’t like were high tariffs, inflation, and imperialism. Imperialism was basically extending the country’s power through brute force and or diplomacy. 5.Ricky-Grover Cleveland was a big man as Blake has said, but he was comical and funny in his social interventions but, he was really really serious in his political convention. Ben- A big part of his life was cancer, he found out he had a tumor in the roof of his mouth in the June of 1893. But, the thing was, he didnt want the press to know, because cancer was so scary and deadly at the time. Luckily, he survived and got the tumor cut off on a boat. The cover up was that he got a dental procedure that removed two teeth, which was true, but it was because of the tumor removing process. He also died on June 24, 1908, and his famous last words were, “I have tried so hard to do right.” 7. Elijah- Stephen Grover Cleveland, part of the democratic party. In his first term he vetoed 414 congressional bills. When he first started politics he was a sheriff in New York. After finishing his two terms he went into law and then ran for mayor. He became the mayor of Buffalo in 1882.  After that he ran for governor and won. He kept moving forward as he went to president.   Who were the exodusters? The Homestead Act and the exodusters  Gabe - The Homestead Act was when the government gave away huge amounts of land to certain citizens you could not apply for a homestead if you beared arms against America which meant no confederate soldiers could apply and you had to be over 21. later they even allowed immigrants to apply you would get around 160 acres of land which is a lot i have seen 80 acres 160 is twice that its massive you got this land if you kept your promise which meant you would farm the land for 5 years. Even African Americans Could apply for a Homestead Act. - Blake - The Exodusters were a group of people mostly former slaves who were subject to racial violence and repression when in reality all they wanted was a plot of land to start a family and live prosperously. Skylar - The Homestead Act was was put into place in 1862. It stated that anyone who wanted to become a citizen could have around 160 acres of land, if they would farm it. The big debate was between slave owners who thought only slave owners should get the new land in the west to farm on. There were only to things you had to promise other than promising to farm the land was to borne arms against the United States Government and to never give aid and comfort to it’s enemies. 4.- Ethan - The Exodus of 1879 was a mass migration of African Americans leaving the South. Thus, that group of people became known as the exodusters. Inspiration for the name came from the book of the Bible, Exodus. These people settled in modern day Colorado, Kansas, and Oklahoma. 5.Ricky-Exodusters were former slaves in the South who then moved into the West in two places like Oklahoma Kansas Colorado. The Homestead Act helped this. Because of the Homestead Act granting millions of acres of land Exodusters could build settlements. This was stuff like the Oklahoma land run. Ben- Almost a century after they started, the government gave over one and a half million homesteads away, which was 10% of all American land. Hunter- The homestead act was just three years before the gilded age so 1862. all U.S. citizens who did not bear arms against the U.S. were able to apply for a homestead wich like Gabe and multiple others have said they gave 160 whole acres to women, immigrants, freed slaves, and after a while ex-confederate soldiers. Elijah-The homestead act was signed May, 20th 1862 by President Lincoln. This granted 160 acres of land in the West as homestead to anyone who is the head of the family or someone who is 21 and is a citizen of the USA. This became a way for ex-confederate soldiers were able to apply for homestead as much as freed slaves.   The reservation system  Gabe - The Appropriation Act of 1851 Made it where we could put indians in a reserve In oklahoma so they wouldn't come on land americans wanted to settle. Which also sparked the reservation system for reserves in other states for indians so the americans could settle and the indians could be in there own LITTLE spot. Skylar - The Indian Reservation System started in 1851 to keep the indians off the land these new “americans” wanted to settle on. The reservations were made so indians would have a small piece of land to live on. Even though they had been living there hundreds of years before the Europeans took over and pretended it was their land. I think it was really dumb to do this because it wasn’t really their land. They were basically treating them like slaves saying, that this is where you are going to live because these new settlers want to live there. 3.- Ethan - A lot of Native Americans didn’t like the system so thus started the Indian Wars. With a lot of bloodshed done,  Americans stand victorious in relocating the Indians. Ulysses S. Grant tried bringing Indians into mainstream American society. - Blake - Oh boy well as a lot of people know five Native American tribes came together to form the Five Civilized Tribes which consisted of the Cherokee (represent), Creek, Chickasaw. Seminole and Choctaw. This was the main group of Native Americans that were relocated to modern day Oklahoma 5.Ricky-as everyone already said in 1851 the reservation of Indians was basically just the US saying you can stay on this land but we're taking this land. The Dawes Act in 1887 of dismantled reservation giving each tribe plots of land. Ben- After the Indian Removal Act it was a strange time for the Native Americans. The white people thought since they took whatever they wanted before, they could do it again. It was a dark time for American morals.They could govern their tribes but that didn’t protect them from poverty and other terrible things. Hunter- The reservation system was a system in which native americans were not allowed to step foot in European-American settlements. During this time in American history the whites thought like Ben has said take what they want when they want it. Elijah- The Indian reservation system was put in place to keep land for whites that were moving westward with their philosophy as manifest destiny. The movement westward was always the american dream at the time and this was a way to do it. This caused a lot of hostility from the indians towards the expansionists. This is what helped cause the Indian wars.      Do you think this was good or bad for the Indians and why? The Dawes Act  Gabe -  The Dawes act Passed by Grover Cleveland allowed Him to destroy the reservations and make indians come into american society which i think was better i mean did you hear what was happening in those reserves pretty bad stuff. Then they would give land to certain indians and they became US citizens the rest i believe were classified as immigrants or something of that sort. This applied to all except the 5 civilised tribes but they didn't accept some free allotments of land so we passed the curtis act that allowed the Dawes act to apply to the 5 tribes and they also took the 5 tribes land and let white men settle there. Skylar - The Dawes Act was passed in 1887. Cleveland put this act into place to make indians come back into the American Society because like gabe said stuff was getting pretty bad. Instead of reservations they gave plots to certain tribes instead of having all different tribes in one small piece of land. I think this was a good idea because some tribes don’t get along with each other hence why they weren’t all one huge tribe, but rather many smaller groups of people that got along. 3.- Ethan - The Dawes Act was also known as Dawes Severalty Act or the General Allotment Act. It was signed on January 8th, 1887. It allowed president Grover Cleveland to take tribal lands from the Native Americans to make them American citizens. Cleveland basically was saying that the only way that they could earn citizenship was by giving up traditions. - Blake - More about my tribe yay. Originally the Dawes Act did not apply to the Five Civilized Tribes because they had already been cooperative with the government. Ricky-the Dawes Act just basically made some Indian tribes U.S citizenship. Ben- The white people thought that to stop the conflict they must break up the land, because that is what most indians fought about at the time, I think. This made the native americans spread out, and eventually make them become normalized in today’s society. 7. Elijah-The dawes acts basically helped native americans become US citizens but at the same time stripped the native americans from their tribal land.  This divided the european settlers and the native americans even more. Why were so many immigrants flooding into America? Chinese immigrants and Mexican Americans in the age of westward expansion  Gabe - Mexicans and Chinese became colliding with americans in there westward expansion. Most of the Mexicans and Chinese had to make enclaves in places to get jobs without losing them because of racist people Skylar - There wasn’t many immigrants in 1820, but with the gold rush, new jobs, new choices, by 1880 there were over 800,000 people who came to the US who were just chinese. New mexicans were also coming into the country and both of these new races needed jobs, but a lot of shop owners would give them jobs because they were mexican or chinese. 3.- Ethan - In the 1820s the Chinese started slowly entering America. By 1849 there were only about 650 Chinese immigrants in America. But then the Gold Rush came into play and by 1852 25,000 Chinese immigrants were in America. In 1880, the Chinese immigrant population increased to 3,000 - Blake - With westward expansion came conflict as Americans began fulfilling the manifest destiny and mining the California Gold Rush. The conflict was not only with the Natives but with Mexicans and Chinese. Ricky-With westward expansion came the fight for land and rights. Las Gorass Blancas was a group of Mexican rebels that fought against United States westward expansion and Manifest Destiny principles. They burned down houses, crops, and killed people. Ben- The rural booms pulled in immigrants from far and wide, but once they sailed across the ocean, they found couldn’t get enough resources to go back to their own country or continent. This caused many of them to have to work very menial jobs since no other employers would hire them like Skylar said. 7. 8.Elijah-During the 1890s the immigration of mexicans and chinese people were moving to america and becoming americans. But on both sides there was also a lot of resistance. As the Gold Rush ended americans populated california and were looking for outward expansion. This was to Mexico and China. Mexico had hostel movement towards(with the Mexican american war) americans and so did China (with the boxer rebellion)   Why did the Indians start the war? The Indian Wars and the Battle of the Little Bighorn  Gabe - The indian wars were wars fought because the indians did like being moved or have there land destroyed by americans so they fought massive battles in the end America won because they rock and nothing can destroy them and the indians were moved and lots of them died some which accepted land allotments became US citizens though so that's good. The last Indian war battle was at little bighorn where general custer made his great fail and got defeated by the indians which for some reason marked the ending of the indian wars Skylar - the Indian Wars were basically the whites against indians. They fought over land and natural resources. Of course the indians wanted it because it was their whole country before these new europeans came and settled there. The whites wanted it to build houses, new jobs, and farming, but the indians wanted it so they could live on it. They didn’t plan to make more jobs available to the new US citizens. - Ethan - The Battle of Little Bighorn(little contradiction) was also known as Custer’s Last Stand. That was the last battle of the Indian Wars. The Sioux(pronounced sue) Wars lasted from 1854 to 1890. In 1875, gold was discovered in Black Hills South Dakota. This brought miners into Indian territory. The Black Hills were hunting grounds for the Sioux, so the miners pleaded the US Army for protection. The Army responded with war, The Great Sioux Wars to be precise. It lasted from 1876-1877. - Blake - Oooo where do I start with you white people. The Indian Wars were a result of White People attempting to fulfill the manifest destiny by expanding westward and moving the Native Americans out. 5.Ricky- The battle of Little Bighorn was basically 6.ben- You can really tell how hard the Indians fought for their land, they had the power to keep up against the US military forces that attacked them, I think it’s because they just knew the land. 7.  Elijah-The Indian Wars was a revolt of the Indians against the white people with there manifest destiny. This was a war for land and resources. The whites were trying to move more westward and the indians resisted and that is where there war started.   What happened at the battle of wounded knee? The Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee  Gabe -  The Ghost Dance was a way for the indians to remember there tribal ways after the americans came and destroyed everything and the battle of wounded knee was were americans 7th cavalry slaughtered indiscriminately hundreds of sioux men women and children. Skylar - when there was a solar eclipse on january 1st, 1889 a shaman who was apart of the Paiute tribe said God showed him love peace through a dance called the Ghost Dance. Like gabe said it was a way for the indians to remember the dead and they could actually see their family who had passed away. 3.- Ethan - On December 29th, 1890, the US 7th Cavalry Regiment ambushed a Sioux Indian camp nearby Wounded Knee Creek. The Regiment tried to disarm the Sioux, but while doing so a shot was fired and that sent the Sioux into chaos, while the US Army massacred many men, women, and even children. These soldiers were exonerated and 20 soldiers were given medals of honor.( People can call me crazy, but I support almost whatever the US Army, Air Force, and Navy do. They were just doing their jobs, and they did them well.) - Blake - I’ll be talking about the aftermath of this and how you white people still couldn’t keep us down. After the wounded knee massacre the unit that had caused the scuffle had been pardoned and some had even been given a Medal Of Honor the most prestigious of military awards. But even after everything there are still over 2.9 million Natives in the U.S. Ben- You can cut down a tree but it’s even harder to get the roots out. The ghost dance spread a little bit of hope throughout the Indian culture, causing a pulse of resistance, the wars were starting to end, and the indians weren’t gonna give up. 6. 7. Elijah- The ghost dance was a vision of love and peace that was from God. This was a movement that was very spiritual. This was all about reuniting the indian tribes and coming together. The goal was banishment of all evil in the world. That’s all we have time for today. Thanks for joining us in this emancipation from the box, that is learning.

We get to talk about William Taft, a man who may have only ever had one goal in live, but accomplished so much more. Check it out! _______________________________   Support us on Patreon! For only $0.11 per episode ($1/month) you can be part of our Patreon community. For a few more bucks per month we'll throw in two bonus episode! Check it out. ____________________________ Support the show! Use this link to do your shopping on Amazon. It won't cost you a penny more and it will help us out!  ElectionCollege.com/Amazon ________________________ Be sure to subscribe to the show! Leave us a review on iTunes - It really helps us out! Facebook  |  Twitter  | Instagram ________________________ Music from: http://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-music ________________________ Some links in these show notes are affiliate links that could monetarily benefit Election College, but cost you nothing extra.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

For some people, yes, computers are necessary and valuable, but for a lot of other people, they are simply accelerating and enabling this useless information consumption. In this episode, we cover how the Internet, social media, television, and technology is ruining our abilities to think, reason, entertain ourselves, and what to do about it. Amusing Ourselves to Death is one of both of our favorite books, and it was fun to see how much it related to the other topics we’ve been covering. We covered a wide range of topics, including: How various forms of information affect our perception The prevalence of fake news now People concerned about others more than themselves Technology negatively affecting our attention spans The psychological aspects of the media and commercials Minimizing technological distractions How technology has changed our conversations Enjoy! If you want more on Amusing Ourselves to Death, be sure to check out Nat’s notes on the book and to pick up a copy yourself! If you enjoyed this episode, be sure to listen to our episode on The Sovereign Individual, to better prepare yourself for the cyber-economic future, and to our episode on In Praise of Idleness, to reduce the guilt to work so much and to improve your leisure time. Mentioned in the show: Orwell’s essays [2:37] USA Today [12:50] Buzzfeed [13:05] Business Insider [13:10] Lincoln and Douglas debates [17:09] Pulp Fiction [21:10] Nat’s article on most popular internet sites [28:20] Alexa [28:22] Nat’s 5-day water fast article [30:45] Nat’s article on Buzzfeed vs WSJ [33:46] Neil’s website [33:13] Fushimi-Inari-Taisha Shrine [40:59] The Daily Show [1:02:24] The Colbert Report [1:02:25] Jon Stewart interview fake news [1:05:05] Jon Stewart interview on Crossfire [1:05:37] Crossfire show [1:05:37] Free speech issue on campuses article [1:06:59] Trump’s policies [1:12:55] Trump’s speech in Virginia [1:13:35] The Google Memo [1:16:10] (Nat’s article on this) Made You Think episode on The Sovereign Individual [1:22:05] Estee Lauder [1:25:10] Sesame Street [1:27:50] Duolingo [1:29:18] Nat Chat podcast [1:31:12] Slack [1:36:18] Nat’s Facebook setup [1:41:06] Second Life [1:53:04] Books mentioned: Amusing Ourselves to Death [1:05] (Nat’s Notes) Brave New World [1:32] 1984 [1:18] Antifragile [9:13] (Antifragile’s Made You Think episode) (Nat’s Notes) It’s Charisma, Stupid [9:25] Thomas Paine's Common Sense [21:56] The Subtle Art of Not Giving a Fuck [22:41] (Nat’s Notes) 50 Shades of Grey [23:15] Musashi [31:36] The 4-Hour Workweek [1:36:50] (Nat’s Notes) People mentioned: Neil Postman [1:07] George Orwell [1:18] Aldous Huxley [1:32] William Taft [7:20] Abraham Lincoln [7:25] Franklin D. Roosevelt [7:55] Donald Trump [8:30] Barack Obama [8:40] George Bush [8:41] Bill Clinton [8:43] Ronald Reagan [8:44] John F. Kennedy [8:47] Chris Christie [8:52] Paul Graham [9:24] Shakespeare [17:02] Stephen A. Douglas [17:09] Samuel L. Jackson [21:19] John Travolta [21:19] Thomas Paine [21:56] Mark Manson [22:39] James Patterson [26:54] Walden [37:41] Jim Kramer [51:55] Bernie Sanders [1:00:04] Plato [1:09:50] Socrates [1:09:50] Nassim Nicholas Taleb [1:10:12] Hillary Clinton [1:21:00] Scott Adams [1:21:07] Ted Cruz [1:21:07] Justin Mares [1:36:16] Tim Ferriss [1:36:56] 0:00 - Intro to the book’s discussion, an excerpt being read, and the book’s background. 4:14 - Discussion on how the form of the information portrayed affects how we perceive that information, and some of the informational form shifts that we’ve had so far. 6:57 - The visual components of information, and the power of appearance and charisma on success and popularity. 9:58 - Thoughts on the validity of written things versus other forms of information. 12:20 - Discussion on the media and the change of what now passes for quality knowledge. 17:17 - Talk on the lengthy Lincoln and Douglas debates in the 1800’s and how people were able to sit and maintain focus for upwards of seven hours. Also, discussion on how frequently television changes the screen on you. 21:48 - How much more of a book culture it was back in the day. Also, discussion on how reading and typing in full sentences improves speech. 24:49 - Before the internet, the ability to pay attention was much greater, but now there are constant distractions from the internet that diminish that. Also, talk on how many fewer people are reading longer and tougher books now. 31:59 - Discussion on information requiring much more context and evidence, and talk on the click-baity information out there. Talk on websites pushing information that maximizes ad revenue, instead of quality information. 35:28 - The impact that improved informational transfer speed has had on us, positively and negatively. 38:07 - Thoughts on how so many people are fixated on the lives of others, and the negative impact that social media and technology on us by disconnecting us from the present moment. Also, the social pressure of these things. 47:09 - How little the news affects our decisions and how little we actually do to change things that we don’t necessarily like. 52:05 - The large amount of cases where value is added to meaningless data, especially in the news. Also, the news constantly making small issues seem much larger and promoting fake scenarios.56:11 - Discussion on the “peek-a-boo” events that pop up quick, blow up, and then disappear, mostly for entertainment. 57:35 - How television has changed conversation, political changes, and the president using the media to get elected. 1:01:15 - People taking news sources seriously, even though the information is taken out of context and misconstrued. 1:06:40 - The issue with us magnifying small differences and making huge deals out of them and some examples of this. 1:11:33 - How frequent the story changes on the news or on social media “the infinite scroll”, and the media manipulating stories so often, making it extremely hard to trust them. 1:19:30 - Commercials being addressed to the psychological needs of the viewer and not the actual product being sold. Also, politicians using catchy sound bites to have people pay attention to them. 1:27:50 - Discussion on various methods of teaching and the huge number of flaws in these teaching methods. Also, how these widespread methods and technology negatively impact us and our attention span. 1:35:18 - How to have an effective schedule for minimizing these technological distractions and some thoughts on this. 1:41:44 - Discussion on us never needing to be bored again due to technology, and the possible negative impact this has on creativity. 1:44:58 - How much computers really help us, and how they accelerate the intake of useless information. Also, the possible future impacts that current technology will have on us and the workforce. 1:54:06 - Some things that will need to change in teaching systems to fix our shrinking attention spans. 1:57:34 - Wrap-up. Be sure to let us know your thoughts on the episode on Twitter! Simply being able to pay attention will be an extremely valuable skill that ninety percent of us won’t have. If you enjoyed this episode, don’t forget to subscribe at https://madeyouthinkpodcast.com

We talk about the balance between politics and ideology when picking a supreme court nominees, that time a ceiling fell on Brayden, and learn a very interesting fact about William Taft.

The author discusses his book in the West End Interim Library of Washington, DC on January 20, 2015. During the Gilded Age, Dupont Circle was Washington's undisputed center of wealth, power and status. Over twenty years, it evolved from small farms and an overrun city cemetery to a community of grand homes for society's elite. Residents included future president William Taft, inventor Alexander Graham Bell, newspaper publisher Cissy Patterson and many more. From the intimate dinners and receptions of the Cave Dwellers to the lavish balls of Mary Townsend and others in the "smart set," Dupont Circle marked each social season in the capital. Satirized in Mark Twain's novel The Gilded Age, the nouveau riche lifestyle of Dupont Circle was fodder for newspaper celebrity gossip. Author Stephen Hansen brings to life the intriguing history of Washington's famed Dupont Circle

This week’s contenders: Warm beer vs. Flat soda vs. Weak coffee, Chester A. Arthur vs. William Taft, No meats vs. No dairy, Occasional fear vs. Constant peeves.