The Regenerative Agroforestry Podcast

Propagate is a leader in the agroforestry space, specialising in project development and planting agroforestry systems at scale. It's a huge pleasure to chat with Harry, co-founder and Chief Research Officer of the US-based company. Tune in as we geek out on agroforestry economics, economic modelling, design implications and financing options. We delve into questions such as: How do you business plan agroforestry systems? How do we find a balance between economic performance and ecosystem services? And much more!• RESOURCEShttps://www.propagateag.com/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode I discuss with Claire Lemarié her experience working with farmers in the Pays de la Loire region in France, where she is a technical adviser for the chamber of agriculture. She has precious insights into the management of mature hedges, as this region still has a significant amount of bocage: a traditional french hedge layout. In this interview we gain an understanding of why effective information sharing between farmers is crucial to creating innovative agroforestry systems and how she enables peer to peer exchange through the 'Club des Agroforestiers'.• RESOURCEShttps://www.linkedin.com/in/claire-lemari%C3%A9-34b667155/?originalSubdomain=frYoutube video Chambre d'agriculture de la Loire• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Coppicing is an ancient and modern tree management system. Coppicing is known for its multi-functionality: capable of producing biomass, animal forage, firewood and much more. Today we interview Mark Krawczyk, practitioner, consultant and author of 'Coppice Agroforestry'. In this interview we tackle some of the practical challenges of coppicing, to better understand the economic potential of this technique. Mark demonstrates a variety of nuances and compromises, showing us the versatility as well as the key challenges of this technique. TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02:22 Introduction00:13:19 What are the key concepts of coppicing00:27:50 What impact on tree health? 00:39:12 What prospects for mechanising management? 00:51:44 What uses for coppiced wood? 01:17:42 What effect of coppicing on surrounding plants? 01:22:24 Productivity of coppice stands01:29:14 In relation to soil types• RESOURCEShttps://www.keylinevermont.com/http://www.coppiceagroforestry.com/https://regenerativeskills.com/mark-krawczyk-on-coppice-agroforestry-and-woodland-management-part-1/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Bruce Maynard and his family are livestock managers and row crop farmers in New South Wales in Austalia. Over his carreer, he has succesfully integrated shrubs and trees to their livestock and row crop operation. He has been able to double his stocking rate through increasing the ecological function of the farm. We dig deep into the design of his tree systems and how it has evloved over the years. We unpack in detail how he has been able to transform his landscape on such a large scale and how this was possible from a business perspective. TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:21 Bruce's story and description of the farm00:10:06 No-kill cropping00:15:05 Complexifying the landscape00:22:57 Design over time00:30:19 Taking machinery into account00:37:57 Specifics of saltbush00:42:30 Recovery times between bush and pasture00:54:06 Microclimatic benefits00:57:30 Planting trees at scale and its logistics01:10:30 Management of trees/shrubs01:16:00 Business strategy and cashflow01:19:32 Ressources to go further• RESOURCEShttp://selfherding.com/index.htmlhttps://stressfreestockmanship.com.au/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHzo0fDBZs0• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

What have we learnt from 30 years at one of the most prominent agroforestry research sites in the world? In collaboration with AGROMIX, We are excited to present an interview with Christian Dupraz, a leading agroforestry researcher from INRAE Montpellier. This is one of our rare 'in person' interviews where we discussed years of findings under the alley cropping walnut trees of the Domaine de Restinclières. We analysed many technical details such as tree - crop competition, tree pruning and adapted tree species. We also discussed socio-economic aspects such as the relationship with the local farmers and the reason why alley cropping systems have not yet been scaled. Enjoy!TABLE OF CONTENTS02:25 Introduction11:12 Experiment today13:38 Growth rate of trees17:43 Impact of AF on the quality of the wood20:13 Considerations to produce a straight trunk00:22 Impact on arable crop 00:26:45 Competition between crop and tree00:30:18 Effect of pollarding on tree quality00:33:56 How do the trees effect the row crop farmer? 00:38:08 How would tree crops fare in alley cropping? 00:39:32 Increase in bat population and its benefits00:44:36 Main mistakes 00:48:05 What context for alley cropping to be successful? 00:56:30 Why do we not see more alley cropping?• RESOURCEShttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Christian-Dupraz-3https://agromixproject.eu/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture• FIND OUT MORE ABOUT OUR COLLABORATION WITH AGROMIX HERE Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Conventional viticulture and its intensive management has created some important challenges for wine producers and the regions where they are located. Jean-Baptiste Cordonnier has been able to intimately experience the conventional approach, seeing the fertility and biodiversity of his family's château gradually degrade. For the first time since the start of the show, we are able to delve into the story of an incredible viticulture agroforestry transition. With cover crops, hedges and alley cropping, Jean-Baptiste is innovating new solutions for a management intensive crop. We delve into the story, context, agronomy and practical details of his strategy, for an interview rich in experiences and lessons learnt. TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02:55 Introduction00:07:53 Trial and error to find regenerative solutions00:13:39 Effects of planting hedges on the vineyard00:23:08 Design process00:36:58 Managing weeds and pruning hedges00:43:33 Managing the pruning at scale00:48:12 Mulching and the importance of cover crops01:04:02 Trees planted within the vineyard01:10:35 What are the expected agronomic results? 01:16:49 Why advantages outweigh challenges 01:21:23 Looking at the economics01:31:16 Are neighbouring vineyards interested?01:34:20 What effect do you expect on the quality of wine?• RESOURCEShttps://chateauanthonic.com/en/https://www.instagram.com/chateau_anthonic/https://www.facebook.com/chateauanthonic/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

I am today with Richard Perkins from Ridgedale Farm in Sweden. For those who do not know, Richard is a leading educator and author in the field of regenerative agriculture, specialising in human scale enterprises. We discuss the tree systems he has planted on his farm, and more specifically the opportunity of integrating trees to market gardening and pastured poultry, two of his key enterprises. Richard is also an educator with the mission of helping farmers to build and manage successful small scale farms. He is therefore the ideal guest to have a conversation on how to make small scale agroforestry systems viable, and their place in the farm strategy.TABLE OF CONTENTS01:41Richard's story05:45 What perennial systems on the farm? 16:08 What place for perennial crops in your long term strategy? 21:30 How do you manage your skill set? 26:07 What oportunity for low managment tree plantings? 31:00 How do you balance complexifying your ecology and maintaining efficiency? 35:48 How to intergrate trees in your market garden? 37:35 Trees and pastured poultry 41:06 How do you make agroforestry profitable on a small scale? 44:32 Funding tree plantations48:41 Where should we prioritise planting trees in the landscape? • RESOURCEShttps://www.richardperkins.co/https://www.youtube.com/c/RichardPerkinsofRidgedale/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Today we continue investigating Syntropic Farming with Daniel from the Mata do Lobo farm in Brasil. In the past 4 years, they have been working solutions to scale these complex agroforestry systems, soon reaching 50ha planted. Daniel and his partner, Maria Vittoria, have accumulated some tremendous experience as they build one of the most innovative coffee plantations out there. In this episode, you will find out what is the difference between the health and quality of agroforestry coffee and conventional coffee. You will also understand how they are striking a balance between efficiency and complexity - in order to integrate the principles of Syntropic whilst managing these systems at scale. This was a highly practical conversation, inspired by the questions we received from our listeners on social media. We hope you enjoy! TABLE OF CONTENTS03:47 Daniel's story12:35 Objective of the agroforestry plot 16:01 How do you manage inputs? 20:02 What makes Syntropic less input intensive? 22:39 What does the agroforestry produce? 31:09 How much diversity is integrated to the coffee crop? 35:51 How is the coffee crop responding to the Syntropic system? 41:46 How are coffee yields expected to perform in comparison to conventional? 45:41 How did he plant so many trees effectively? 51:01 How many people working on the agroforestry system? 55:23 How do you manage so much biomass? 01:07:26 What harvesting process for coffee? 01:12:16 What potential of mechanisation for Syntropic systems? 01:14:57 What commercialisation strategy? 01:19:44 Is he planning a processing facility? 01:21:48 Could Syntropic systems work in a European context? 01:24:08 Where does he get knowledge from? • RESOURCEShttps://www.instagram.com/matadolobo/?hl=en• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

David Brass is the CEO of the Lakes Free range egg company. Almost 30 years ago he started planting trees in the fields to encourage his laying hens to go and range. Since then, he has been busy planting trees throughout his supply chain. With about 70 farmers and 2 million birds supplying eggs to his company today, this is an example of agroforestry working at scale. The interview brings forward both practical considerations for the layout and maintenance of trees, and explains how they have managed to onboard their suppliers. David is enthusiastic about the numerous benefits trees have bought, carefully documented with various studies. He is convincd that there is a very clear case for integrating trees in all poultry production with very limited trade-offs. TABLE OF CONTENTS02:05 Story and overview of the company 04:08 Bringing trees onto the farm 10:14 Current design12:16 Potential to add a perennial production? 16:51 Is it realistic to incorporate trees as part of the feed? 18:06 What does it mean practically for a poultry farmer to intergrate trees? 22:35 How are the tree plantations evolving? 27:12 Scaling tree plantations within their suppliers 30:58 Funding 34:34 Trees and animal welfare 37:00 Impact of tree planting on profitability. 39:49 Initial reluctance of some farmers 42:34 Is the agroforestry approach something that is valued by your customers? 44:18 the numerous benefits of planting trees46:15 Do you see payment for ecosystem services as part of your model. 50:21 Supply chain requirements are driving change 54:52 Impact of tree planting on biodiversity • RESOURCEShttps://lakesfreerange.co.uk/https://www.facebook.com/lakesfreerange/https://www.farmtreestoair.ceh.ac.uk/ART• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Out team attended the Regenerative Agriculture and Food Systems Summit, organised by Kiasko Research in order to catalyse a regenerative transition in the food industry. The event was attended by large corporations such as Nestle, Unilever and Yara, as well as numerous companies and organisation that work actively with Regen Ag on the ground. We attended the conference as media partners, producing mini-interviews with a diversity of summit attendees. The objective of this episode is try and understand the value of the strategies being implemented by large corporations, as well as the way in which technical and specialised companies are working to scale Regen Ag. Whilst many of our listeners may not feel aligned with some of the companies we have interviewed, we believe in the value of having open and objective conversations with all players in the field, in order for each of us to form our own opinion. We also believe that the food corporations are hugely influential in the food system today, and must be considered if we are rapidly scale regenerative agriculture. We hope you enjoy this rather different episode! TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02:08 Anne-Sophie Alibert - Pur Projet00:10:55 Roberto Vega - Syngenta00:20:54 Andrew Voysey - Soil Capital 00:29:15 Daniel Baertschi - Quantis00:38:07 Bastien Sachet - Earthworm Foundation00:52:25 Charles Leonardi - Nestlé 01:12:14 Felix Jakobsen - Klim01:22:20 Phillipe Birker - Climate Farmers • RESOURCEShttps://www.purprojet.com/https://www.syngenta.com/enhttps://soilcapital.com/https://quantis.com/https://www.earthworm.org/https://www.nestle.com/https://www.klim.eco/https://www.climatefarmers.org/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Mark Shepard is the founder of the Restoration Agriculture farming method and New Forest Farm, where Mark grows food in perennial polycultures, without using external fertilisers, with very limited management activities, whilst integrating animals. In this episode, Mark shares with us the results he has achieved by actively engaging with tree crop breeding on his farm - one of the foundations of his system. Mark is also the author of two books: ‘Restoration Agriculture: Real World Permaculture for Farmers' and ‘Water for Any Farm'. He is also the founder of Restoration Agriculture Development, an enterprises that catalyses Restoration Agriculture projects worldwide. We hope you enjoy the interview! TABLE OF CONTENTS02:15 How did you get to agroforestry? 10:44 What is restoration agriculture? 19:33 Low inputs and precocity of yield 31:29 Description of New Forest Farm40:10 How do you harvest? 45:42 Managing the system49:20 Biodiversity on the farm57:22 Process of plant selection01:02:40 Starting a nursery 01:07:28 Why haven't more people replicated your system? 01:12:00 Which cultivars to include in mass selection? 01:21:19 What is the key knowledge required to get started? • RESOURCEShttp://www.restorationag.com/https://restoringagriculture.com/https://www.forestag.com/https://newforestfarm.us/https://www.instagram.com/restoration.ag/?hl=enhttps://www.facebook.com/restorationagriculture/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Michael Weitz is a European expert in fast growing biomass trees, with a special passion for Poplar. These fast growing crops are especially interesting for agroforestry systems thanks to their early returns and their capacity to produce ecosystem services early on. Furthermore, the need to find alternatives to fossil fuels and sustainable building materials is leading to evolving economic opportunities for farmers. In this interview we are hitting the nail on the head when it comes to integrating valuable tree crops on our farms! Michael has the ability to zoom into the technical details and zoom out to the bigger picture questions around biomass crops. Enjoy learning about the flexibility and beauty of poplar as well as the challenges that need to be overcome to scale these systems. This is hopefully the first of many interviews on the topic of fast growing trees!TABLE OF CONTENTS02:41 Introduction09:24 Biomass crops 16:45 Poplar industry and market22:57 Flexibility of the poplar crop 29:28 Medium term cycle poplar for agroforestry 34:56 Which cycle to optimise biomass production37:20 Management requirements 45:00 What is the minimum scale for economic viability?53:46 Favouring medium cycle on a small scale 57:24 Planting on marginal land 01:06:58 Shouldn't agricultural land stay dedicated to food production instead of biomass production? 01:18:42 Biomass crops and diversification 01:25:26 Carbon credits and biodiversity credits01:28:41 Market trends on wood products 01:34:26 Can a third party implement and manage the biomass crop? 01:44:22 How can we diversify biomass species? • RESOURCESwww.lignovis.comwww.lignoplant.comwww.lignotech.dewww.hühner-wald.dewww.vivocarbon.comwww.instagram.com/lignoviswww.facebook.com/lignovis• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture Our GDPR privacy policy was updated on August 8, 2022. Visit acast.com/privacy for more information.

Syntropic Farming has recently gained international attention, and it is about time we interview an expert on the podcast! Whilst I call him an expert, Marc Leiber prefers to see himself as a student of Syntropic Farming. He has been trained by Ernst Gotsch, the founder of the movement, and continues to work intimately with him on his farm, Quinta das Abelhas, in Southern Portugal. We believe there are few people better positioned to talk about this subject than Marc. In this interview you will understand the history, the philosophy and the principles behind Syntropic Farming. Whilst many questions remain as to how it can be scaled and the economics on our climate, Marc told such a fascinating story that we had to leave if for next time. We hope you enjoy!TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:40 Marc's story 00:11:55 The work of Ernst Gotsch 00:41:37 The principles of Syntropic Farming 01:12:20 Marc's research farm • RESOURCESwww.growback.netwww.instagram.com/marc.leiberwww.agendagotsch.com• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Today I have the pleasure of welcoming Patrick Worms on the show. He is a policy advisor for World Agroforestry and the ex-president of the European Agroforestry Federation. We discuss together agroforestry from a policy perspective to understand how we convince decision makers and what type of funding is needed to scale agroforestry. Although much of the conversation is focused on Europe, Patrick gives some insights that will be of great interest to anyone who wants to convince key players of the opportunity of agroforestry. Patrick is an amazing speaker and you will find this interview to be not only highly informative but also entertaining and full of punchlines.TABLE OF CONTENTS01:49 Personal background 04:52 The appeal of agroforestry 06:23 Work at ICRAF 08:00 The power of stories11:22 Missions of EURAF 18:00 Perception of agroforestry in policy circles 20:44 What is preventing a scaling of agroforestry? 23:37 What is blocking agroforestry within EU member states? 27:55 Agroforestry in the African context 34:50 Successful examples from East Asia 41:54 Funding agroforestry 46:04 What role for private funding? 52:36 Is the case for agroforestry clear and properly demonstrated? • RESOURCEShttps://euraf.isa.utl.pt/welcomehttps://www.worldagroforestry.org/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Thomas Lecomte and Guillaume Sneessens are agronomists and experts in the field of regenerative agriculture. Through Soil Capital Farming, they both manage and consult a significant amount of acreage. Thomas and Guillaume both see an important role of agroforestry for their clients, integrating more and more perennial systems in farm transitions. We wanted to understand more about what a regenerative transition means to them, and the potential they see in trees. We were extremely well served, and could have kept talking for many more hours. As farm managers they have also started a 5ha alley cropping trial with walnuts and cereals. They go through the details of their design methodology and the key decisions they made. This episode is divided in two parts - check the table of contents for more details. Enjoy! TABLE OF CONTENTSPart I - Regenerative Transition 02:24 Personal journeys12:06 Soil Capital Farming's mission19:05 Does a transition to Regen Ag mean a loss of yields? 23:52 Initial steps for the transition of a farm35:53 Barriers to transition to Regen Ag42:48 Selling Regen Ag produce53:08 Where does agroforestry fit in the farm system? Part II - Alley Cropping Trial01:03:22 Alley cropping trial plot in Belgium 01:15:50 Challenge of diversifying knowledge01:24:57 Funding of the alley cropping system01:29:39 Labour costs 01:35:14 Scaling agroforestry systems 01:46:13 Integrating agroforestry into a global design of the farm • RESOURCEShttps://www.soilcapitalfarming.ag/https://www.instagram.com/soilcapfarming/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

I talk with Felix Riecken who is planting out silvopastoral and silvoarable systems on his 90ha family farm in the North of Germany. The farm traditionally produces cow milk and meat. He explains the journey that led him to agroforestry and integrating these techniques into the family business. His systems being still quite young, we focus the conversation on the design, the objectives and the establishment of the tree systems. This goes from choosing the right genetics, to protecting the trees and managing the weeds. Felix also explains how he successfully funded the agroforestry systems.In Collaboration with the German Agroforestry Association (DeFAF) TABLE OF CONTENTS01:48 Felix's story 08:18 Overview of the farm20:16 Agroforestry systems30:56 Objectives and design 40:13 Choosing varieties and genetics46:38 Protection of the young trees50:30 Weed management55:34 Balancing complexity and labour 01:01:24 Funding01:10 Next steps • RESOURCEShttps://rieckens-landmilch.de/eichhof/familie-riecken/https://agroforst-info.de/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

As Dimitri and I travelled recently to the 2022 EURAF conference in Sardinia, we wanted to share with you the work of the European Agroforestry Federation. In this short interview with their president, Patrick Worms, he explains what the organisation does and its next steps. We also discuss how we can build additional bridges between research and practitioners. • RESOURCEShttp://www.europeanagroforestry.eu/about• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Campbell Mercer owns 40ha outside Melbourne, Australia where he has set up a world class olive farm - producing award winning organic olive oil. Campbell uses a variety of fascinating agroforestry practices, from windbreaks to farm forestry and silvopastural systems. We have an in-depth conversation on small scale farm forestry, from design considerations to harvest and selling. We also discussed the Keyline cultivation pattern and its implications for tree planting, finishing off with the various functions of his windbreaks and their interaction with neighbouring olive trees. Overall, Campbell has not been shy to make use of tree systems to align his production with the ecology he works in. He has managed to harness the ecosystem services provided by trees whilst ensuring they remain economically productive.TABLE OF CONTENTS02:42 Story and context of the farm11:09 Why go organic? 13:28 Use of black wattle19:52 Selling small quantities of timber 23:16 Main objectives of agroforestry on the farm27:56 Design of the systems39:04 Sawing material 40:56 Drying the wood43:37 Pruning46:35 Profitability of timber plantations57:22 Interactions between grass and trees01:01:24 Planting along the keyline pattern01:05:17 Feedback on deep ripping and swales01:10:46 Would you do keyline again? 01:19:41 Windbreaks01:28:34 Choice of species in windbreak01:38:17 Production from them01:40:28 Interactions between windbreak and olive trees01:45:00 Improved overall productivity • RESOURCEShttps://mannahillestate.com.au/https://www.instagram.com/mannahill.estate/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

My guest today is Carl Sheard who produces pigs in France. He has received EU funding for his project so we try and understand with him what kind of opportunity it offers farmers in Europe. He also shares some of the challenges he has encountered with deers and we assess together the potential for increasing the proportion of perennials in pigs's diet. **In Collaboration with Agromix**https://agromixproject.eu/TABLE OF CONTENTS1:38 Introduction08:18 Design and technical support10:22 EU funding13:38 Tree layout and description of systems19:47 How much feed to expect from agroforestry systems?29:56 Challenge of deer damage32:48 Managing the tree lines45:36 Do you think your trees can pay for themselves? • RESOURCEShttps://www.instagram.com/bluepigfarm/https://thebluepig.monsite-orange.fr/index.htmlhttps://agromixproject.eu/in-the-field/pilot-projects/blue-pig-farm/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Andrew and Jill Stewart are owners and managers of Yan Yan Gurt West Farm in the Otway Ranges, Southern Victoria, Australia. For the past 30 years, they have taken regenerative agriculture extremely seriously in order to solve problems of soil salinisation, soil erosion, climate change and animal welfare. In order to do so they have planted 23kms of shelterbelts and riparian buffers, connected into a complex ecological mosaic to produce both ecosystem services and a huge variety of new enterprises. Since they started planting trees they have increased tree cover from 3% to 20%, without reducing any of their sheep productivity. Quite the contrary, they have opened up a whole new set of enterprises from saw logs to woody florals. Tune in to find out more about this incredible transition!TABLE OF CONTENTS01:40 Introduction08:50 The story of the farm15:00 Main productions25:34 Timber production36:07 Harvest and milling44:43 Economic decision of harvesting shelter belts52:36 Do trees increase too much fixed costs? 59:13 Are subsidies necessary to justify economically agroforestry plantations? 01:06:29 Tree - Pasture interaction 01:15:01 Managing weeds when planting young trees • RESOURCES• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Fred Provenza is a researcher in behavioural ecology who has carried out fascinating research on the nutritional wisdom of animals, on their ability to select their diet and learn. We explore with him the practical implications of his research. He explains why a biodiverse landscape is crucial to animal health and what tools we have to favour such a foraging environment. We explore at length how to train animals either to avoid certains plants or to introduce new plants into their foraging habits. TABLE OF CONTENTS01:42 Fred's story08:35 Nutritional wisdom of living creatures17:25 Pratical applications24:08 How do trees and shrubs contribute to an animal's diet30:59 How can farmers act upon these insights 38:54 Training animals to avoid certain species 42:47 Eating tree bark : looking for tanins 52:32 How do you promote beneficial plants? 58:04 Resource availability and diversity 01:01:28 Fertility and secondary compounds01:05:38 Introducing new plants to an animal's diet01:09:28 Toxicity of certain plants01:11:43 How much is training and how much is genetics? 01:21:48 Animal's ability to balance their diet01:27:32 Planning the movement of the animals • RESOURCEShttps://www.chelseagreen.com/product/nourishment/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/22395309-the-art-science-of-shepherdinghttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bi_vii9XcBM&t=41shttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MTWYh2LpSjM&t=5640shttps://soundcloud.com/art-of-range/episode-4-fred-provenza• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Federico San Bonifacio is the owner and farm manager of a 30ha farm in the plains of Verona, Northern Italy. For 12 years he has been engaging in an agroecological transition where trees and shrubs play a fundamental role. Breaking the monotony of the surrounding corn and soy plots, he has planted hedges in long strips to provide the ecosystem services that support his grain production. At the same time, Federico planted 5ha of polycyclic forestry, a forestry practice that balances economic return and ecological health of the soil and ecosystem. It is always fascinating to interview farmers, as they interact with their agroforestry systems daily, and provide rich feedback to others who wish to walk similar paths.TABLE OF CONTENTS01:50 - Federico's story 10:20 - Farm production and sales channels 16:25 - Direct selling 20:25 - Hedges: objectives and description 27:10 - Funding the hedges 32:10 - Plastic vs biodegradable mulch & planting technique 39:05 - Medium and long term management of the hedge 47:10 - Interactions between the hedge and the grain crop50:10 - Introducing polycyclic forestry: design, harvest, sale 01:06:30 - Why polycyclic and economic considerations 01:20:05 - Farm forestry vs alley cropping 01:22:40 - Funding considerations and lessons learnt • RESOURCEShttps://www.inbiowood.eu/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram• FUNDING FOR EUROPEAN PROJECTS https://explore.ecosia.org/regenerative-agriculture See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Today I talk with Kaitie Adams, she leads the Savanna Institute's Illinois Demonstration Farm program and helps build community through agroforestry education across the state and beyond. Kaitie and I explore together how they build relationships with different stakeholders to make agroforestry projects become a reality in the mid-west. We engage with themes such as cultural perceptions of agroforestry and the multiple ways the Savanna Institute is leveraging change. We also took the time to discuss their demonstration sites, their design methodology working with local farmers as well as debriefing on certain of their mistakes and lessons learnt. TABLE OF CONTENTS02:09 Introduction04:54 The Savanna Institute10:02 Engaging with cultural perceptions 23:30 Agroforestry as an additional layer of use of the land46:12 Raising capital 52:44 Design of demonstration sites 01:11:06 Complexity of systems01:18:14 Plans for commercialisation 01:24:53 Mistakes and lessons learnt • RESOURCEShttps://www.savannainstitute.org/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Scott and Sandy Williams got involved in farming after acquiring 500 acres of productive land in Illinois, USA. After meeting the Savannah Institute, they were inspired to transition their land towards conservation agriculture, with a keen interest in agroforestry systems. This interviews delves into the 17 acre perennial polyculture project they planted 5 years ago, and explores how they collaborate with their farmer tenant to implement extensive silvopasture, windbreaks and riparian buffers. Whilst we often see the perspective of the farm manager, it is fascinating to understand how dedicated landlords work to implement agroforestry practices. TABLE OF CONTENTS02:10 Story of the Williams siblings and the farm 07:05 The perennial polyculture project 18:45 Objectives and economic strategy of the project 33:05 Learning how to farm 37:05 Mechanisation and management tasks in the polyculture 41:10 Lessons learnt in the past 6 years 49:20 Silvopasture agroforestry experiments in collaboration with farm tenant and the Savannah Institute 59:35 Long term vision for the land and the relationship to the tenant farmer • GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Eric Toensmeir is the author of The Carbon Farming Solution among other great books on agroforestry and perennial crops. The first part of the interview is focused on understanding the carbon sequestration potential of agroforestry, focusing especially on silvopasture. We then move on to discussing the challenges we are faced with to shift towards a more perennial diet. Finally we explore with him his current research on alley cropping : where it makes most sense and what prevents its uptake. TABLE OF CONTENTS01:38 Introduction04:32 Are trees necessarily the solution to store carbon? 10:40 Intensively managed rotational grazing & Carbon storage 15:57 Why does silvopasture store so much carbon? 34:29 How can we shift culture towards a perennial diet? 40:33 Can we make perennially fed livestock affordable? 44:03 Mechanisation of perennial systems51:14 Research on Alley-cropping55:56 Where is alley cropping really adapted? 01:10:51 Motives for adopting alley cropping01:13:03 Factors limiting uptake 01:25:07 Factoring in climatic uncertainty • RESOURCEShttp://www.perennialsolutions.org/https://www.patreon.com/erictoensmeierhttp://carbonfarmingsolution.com/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

We have the pleasure of welcoming back Brett Chedzoy on the podcast. While last time we dedicated much of the conversation to transforming woods into a productive silvopasture, this time we focus on planting trees into pasture. We go into a lot of depth into the design of such plantations as well as their management implications. We conclude the interview by discussing his way of using coniferous plantations to shelter his herd from extreme winter storms and how that is saving him from building expensive infrastructure. TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:46 Introduction 00:07:08 Why bring trees into pasture and which ones00:21:21 Design process00.44:20 How do we combine high quality forestry with silvopasture? 00:51:06 What simple systems for easy adoption by livestock farmers? 01:00:25 Implementation and management 01:29:10 When to reintroduce animals into the plantation? 01:35:39 Living barns • RESOURCEShttps://silvopasture.ning.com/https://sites.google.com/site/theangusglenfarm/home• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Francis Bucaille is a leader in the field of agronomy. Farmer, consultant, educator, author and owner of Gaiago, he has built a reputation nuancing some of the commonly held beliefs of regenerative agricultural practices. As a soil expert he talks about the key principles of agroecology, why fungi and lignin are so important, and how trees can help farmers improve their soil. This interview contributes to our ongoing investigation as to how trees can be an agronomic tool for farmers. Their impact on soil health and fertility is a natural place to start. Enjoy!• TABLE OF CONTENTS02:00 - Francis' story and his vision of agriculture20:10 - Cover crops, questioning agroecological beliefs, and practical agronomy 32:45 - How to get started and his key agronomical principles42:05 - The importance of fungi for soil health46:30 - Key agronomical principles continued 55:50 - The role of agroforestry1:04:50 - The potential of rameal chipped wood for soil health and why we shouldn't feed 'salad' to soil organisms 1:15:10 - Meeting soil health objectives with • RESOURCEShttps://www.gaiago.eu/https://www.dunod.com/sciences-techniques/revitaliser-sols-diagnostic-fertilisation-protectionhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNdCItE62Dshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9jIu5-x7rJs• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Dr Lindsay Whistance is a Livestock Researcher at the Organic Research Center in the UK. Through her extensive knowledge of silvopasture, she enables us to see agroforestry from the animal's perspective. Trees can provide livestock with shelter, food, medicine and even encourage social interactions between animals. These benefits are not only important to provide livestock with a stimulating and pleasant environment but they also reduce sources of stress and increase the productivity of the herd. The discussion focuses on cows but anyone considering to integrate livestock and trees will find this conversation fascinating and full of data. • TABLE OF CONTENTS05:24 : What is the ORC? 10:30 Seeing trees from the perspective of livestock 13:51 Effect of cold on livestock 15:57 Effects of hot weather 24:09 Trees for nutrition36:57 Anti-parasitic tanins 39:55 Fodder in times of drought45:57 Influence of trees on the social behaviour 54:37 What tree cover to aim for? 57:54 Some agroforestry designs 01:09:15 What are the main obstacles to implementing agroforestry systems? 01:15:54 Increased biodiversity • RESOURCEShttps://www.organicresearchcentre.com/about-us/our-team/lindsay-whistance/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

After many years of experimentation, Jaime Elizondo is scaling his leucaena silvopasture system in order to increase his stocking rate from 3 to 6 cattle units per hectare: doubling his profitability.This bold statement has been made by one of the most experienced regenerative graziers we know of, and shouldn't be taken lightly. Beyond improving his grass productivity and providing fodder for his cows, Jaime is planting trees for a multitude of benefits such as biodiversity, cattle wellbeing and soil regeneration. In this interview Jaime is talking directly to farmers and graziers with a wealth of practical information as we break down key topics in his pollarding system. He discusses how he establishes the trees, rotates the animals around them, how he pollards and how cattle digest strong chemical compounds produced by trees. We hope you enjoy!• TABLE OF CONTENTS02:00 - Introduction09:20 - Why started planting trees15:20 - Why leucaena?18:30 - Tree density and cattle stocking rate20:50 - How to direct seed leucaena30:25 - Competition between trees and grass34:00 - Adapted animal genetics for silvopasture38:00 - Leucaena rate of inclusion in cattle feed intake39:40 - Pollarding vs direct browsing of leucaena44:05 - Fencing and protecting trees48:30 - Tree - grass interactions and tree densities53:10 - Silvopasture and non-selective grazing rotations• RESOURCEShttps://www.rwranching.com/https://www.facebook.com/RealWealthRanchinghttps://www.instagram.com/realwealthranching/?hl=en• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Ben Raskin is Head of Horticulture and Agroforestry at the Soil Association. He is also working at Eastbrook Farm in the UK, where he is overseeing the implementation of various agroforestry systems over the last few years, mainly focused on silvopasture. Ben gives us some detailed feedback on these first years on the farm : the design of the different fields, what species they have chosen and why, as well as how they approached weed control and tree protection from livestock. Ben is passionate about wood chips and he explains how they are using them on the farm and with what results. We also discuss how to integrate agroforestry in the workflow and skillset of an existing large scale farm.• TABLE OF CONTENTS01:17 Introduction06:52 Eastbrook farm08:17 Motives for planting trees13:17 Agroforestry systems on the farm29:22 Suppressing weeds and wood chips41:47 Scaling the supply of woodchips49:07 Protecting trees57:39 Bringing the agroforestry skillset onto farms01:07:17 Knowledge and managing a complex system01:12:02 Selling the produce of diversification01:18:29 Mistakes and learnings • RESOURCEShttps://helenbrowningsorganic.co.uk/eastbrook-farm/https://www.soilassociation.org/farmers-growers/technicalinformation/agroforestry-handbook/https://www.benraskin.com/general-8• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Francisco Alves manages 700ha of montado, a traditional agroforestry system of Southern Europe, with herds of cattle, goats, sheep and the famous Alentejo pig. His experience at Herdade Sao Luis exposes us to the future of recently planted silvopastural systems. We discuss important topics such as how mature trees interact with pasture, the optimum tree quantity per hectare, how they contribute to his animals' health and growth, as well as the key management constraints.On top of this, Francisco is using the holistic management technique for animal grazing. This enables him to regenerate his soil and pasture, limit damage of animals to seedlings, clearing bramble regrowth and preparing field seeding all with his diverse animal herds.Overall, Francisco is extremely enthusiastic about having mature trees in his grazing system, and sees a huge benefit as compared with open pasture.As always, 1h30 was too short to ask him all the questions we wish we could. Enjoy!• TABLE OF CONTENTS01:50 Introduction to Farm14:40 Holistic management and animal system description24:30 The pig's function, description of system, and feeding on acorns31:10 Goats, sheep and cows and the economics of diversifying animal species39:30 Tree density per hectare, managing this unique agro-ecosystem42:45 Economic flexibility with diversity, and commercialisation48:20 Interactions between trees and animals01:02:20 Optimum tree quantity per hectare for pasture production and microclimates01:08:40 Learning about and designing silvopasture systems01:12:30 Tree fodder on the farm and oak pruning01:20:40 Using animals to manage forest regrowth and keep the pasture productive• RESOURCEShttps://www.instagram.com/herdadesluis_porcusnatura/?hl=enhttps://www.projectomateria.pt/pt/produtores/porcus-natura_57• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

We have an extremely practical conversation with Tom Wahl, co-founder of the Red Fern Farm, convincing us he has developed a very functional and economic system. The team there has chosen a variety of rustic crops that need little care, are high in demand, and picked by the customers themselves. Planted on fantastic soil for growing trees and you have a system where all Tom and his team need to do is 'mow the grass'. In the interview we focused on chestnuts, his main crop, looking at why the economics make it a no brainer, and finish off talking about ground cover management and woodchips. We hope you end up as inspired we did. • TABLE OF CONTENTS02:15 - Introduction to a low input farm model13:10 - Tom understanding of agroforestry and imitating a savannah biome17:40 - orchard architecture, spacing and competition between species25:50 - Chestnut production and potential30:30 - Integrating animals in the orchard52:30 - Why is chestnut so interesting economically?59:40 - Thoughts on mechanising chestnut harvest01:02:30 - Characteristics that make a crop profitable01:05:20 - The potential of chestnut as a staple01:09:25 - U-pick as a commercialisation strategy and some more economics01:18:30 - The honey berries experiment01:21:20 - Managing the ground cover and comments on woodchips• RESOURCEShttps://www.redfernfarm.com/Presentation discussed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAf1lUrqSq4https://www.facebook.com/redfernfarm.iowa• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Farms are an expression of a climate, soil and farmer's potential. All need to be considered in order to create holistically functional systems. Reaching this depth is a complex task, but thanks to the work of innovators like Darren Doherty we have tools and techniques that help us make smarter decisions.This episode deals with the big picture: the patterns, the behaviours and the context that are vital to any farmer and his 'whole under management'. Too often, planning is not given enough emphasis, causing huge losses in resources. Darren bring his vast experience to the table, in an interview that we hope will make you think as much as it made us!Enjoy! • TABLE OF CONTENTS03:00 - Introduction to Darren and the Regrarians Platform13:10 - The role of IT in the agricultural transition18:00 - The limits of consulting26:50 - Trees as a farm's backbone (potentially)38:55 - The economic potential of timber trees on farms47:40 - Reasons why we struggle to add trees to landscapes01:01:00 - Design tools and methodologies01:09:10 - Delving into the scale of permanence01:22:30 - Holistic management as a planning framework01:27:30 - Challenges of farming regeneratively01:37:50 - The next Regrarians REX training• RESOURCEShttp://www.regrarians.org/https://www.facebook.com/Regrarians• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

We have a discussion with Fabien Balaguer, director of L'association Française d'Agroforesterie (AFAF) where Fabien provides an overview of where agroforestry is at today in France. This is a great episode to understand the methodology l'AFAF is using to scale agroforestry but also to understand the specific challenges that come with that mission. For example on-field technical expertise is a much greater limiting factor than access to funding. The conversation focuses on some strategic considerations such as economic models and commercialisation but we also manage to get some really interesting perspectives on the limitations of alley-cropping and long cycle timber production. • TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:53 Introduction of Fabien and L'AFAF00:07:24 Their main agroforestry projects 00:17:23 Limitations to long cycle timber production00:22:41 Landfiles : a tool to build collective knowledge 00:33:44 What economic models for agroforestry? 00:41:59 Funding agroforestry projects00:54:27 Commercialising 01:04:40 Why is agroforestry not yet established economically? 01:11:52 How to deal with long time frames? 01:14:39 Recurring mistakes in agroforestry projects 01:20:52 As a farmer, how do I get started? 01:21:52 Is there always a place for trees? 01:23:32 Limitations of alley cropping • RESOURCEShttps://www.agroforesterie.fr/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

There are many claims that agroforestry can benefit ecosystem services and biodiversity. Delving into the nuance of this subject, we start our journey with Tom Staton, PhD student at Reading University, who has been conducting research in the UK at some of the farms who's farm managers we have interviewed on the show. Tom has been measuring insect populations (of predators, pollinators and pests) in silvoarable vs arable systems. To our pleasure, this conversation helps us understand the pros and cons, and brings us closer to understanding the potential of agroforestry for the transition of our agricultural system. This is the first of many episodes where we hope to understand how agroforestry can improve ecosystem services, and in turn how these can benefit the farm economy. We hope you enjoy! • TABLE OF CONTENTS01:40 Introduction to Tom and his research09:05 Pollinator dynamics and the importance of wild bees14:50 The economic benefits of functional diversity19:10 Agroforestry vs flower strips: an economic case23:20 Description of experiments26:35 Connection between biodiversity and pest populations34:15 The economics of agroforestry39:40 Management of tree line understory47:20 Type of herbaceous plants and insects54:40 Can a farmer expect the same results in his context?59:35 Impact of frequency of tree lines and width of agroforestry alleys01:02:10 Challenges in agroforestry research• RESOURCEShttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tom-Staton• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Matteo Mazzola from Iside Farm, Koen van Seijen from Investing in The Regenerative Agriculture podcast and your host Dimitri (founder of Mazi Farm) sat down to answer one of the most prominent questions we received whilst reaching out to you: how to get started farming. Matteo and Dimitri have both been through the process of creating a farm and educating themselves in agroecology, whilst Koen has been engaged in the financial side of regenerative agriculture. We talk about training, the creation of a holistic context, talking to investors and much more. • RESOURCESwww.investinginregenerativeagriculture.comIside Farm Instagramwww.mazifarm.com• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

We have a conversation with Oliver Hanke from 12Tree finance to understand what scaling agroforestry looks like. With 160 million $ already invested in 12 projects, 12Tree is bringing large investors into agroforestry. We spend some time going into some detail on their largest project in Guatemala to understand its implementation. We understand who is investing in agroforestry at that scale and their motivations for doing so. We also discuss the balance between agronomic innovation and profitability, if agroforestry is delivering the benefits they expected, and whether such big farms leave any space for small-scale farmers. This episode brings to the forefront some of the thought-provoking questions we face if agroforestry is to be deployed at scale.• TABLE OF CONTENTS01:29 Introduction 11:40 Case study : Finca Chimelb 30:45 Investing in agroforestry 40:21 Taking risks with agroforestry 51:51 Forecasting profitability while integrating complexity01:06:29 What place for small scale farmers? 01:14:04 Is 12Tree relevant to the western context? • RESOURCEShttps://www.12tree.de/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

One of the pillars of agroforestry is the production of timber as a product of farmers. Rowan has been working for the past 30 years as an academic and farmer, developing a unique approach to agroforestry. He explains the importance of timber on farms, firstly as a key tool for conservation and sustainability objectives, and only secondly as a valid source of capital gain and financial return for a farm. Realistically speaking, why and how should farmers integrate trees? What should they expect from this new venture? Rowan's vast experience comes out in each of his answers. Enjoy! • TABLE OF CONTENTS01:56 Rowan’s background and farm introduction 08:20 Why his interest agroforestry12:20 Why and how to create high quality timber 22:30 Economic viability of small scale high quality timber 31:20 How to integrate trees on farms and controversial thoughts 43:10 The reasons for planting trees on your farm 58:10 The risks of planting trees for timber 01:06:30 Dealing with the challenges of knowledge requirements 01:13:25 The reasons for planting a diversity of species 01:19:40 Creating high value timber in difficult climatic contexts 01:31:40 Tree species attributes we must look for 01:37:20 The right scale for a farmer • RESOURCEShttp://www.agroforestry.net.au/Rowan's book: 'Heartwood'• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Garrett Miller has an unconventional path into agriculture, starting his farm at 22 and growing it into an extremely diverse enterprise since then. From cider production and a cider house, to strawberries and agrotourism, we were extremely interested in asking him questions about how he manages his business. Diversity is an inherent part of agroforestry systems, so understanding how farms manage a variety of productions is key. We then zoom in on how he integrates turkeys and apple trees, analysing the various benefits he has observed, such as reduced insect problems, better leaf decomposition and reduced weed pressure. Garrett is very satisfied with his silvopastural system, so tune in to find out why! • TABLE OF CONTENTS01:45 Intro to the Good Life Farm: story, context, production 17:05 Selling diversity 23:50 Direct selling and U-pick 33:45 Transformation as a sales strategy 39:05 Integrating turkeys in the orchard: understanding the system 51:10 Impact of turkeys on leaf decomposition and weed pressure 60:20 Turkeys’ impact on pest and diseases 01:05:20 Turkey’s impact on orchard management costs 01:07:10 Turkey scratching 01:11:20 Challenges integrating turkeys 01:14:45 Scaling the system • RESOURCEShttps://www.instagram.com/flxciderhouse/http://www.fingerlakesciderhouse.com/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In our previous interviews with Iain Tolhurst (#10) and David Wolfe (#6), both mentioned the research undertook by the Organic Research Center on their farms. We really wanted to go one step further and understand what came out of these research projets. The result is a great interview with Sally Westaway and Jo Smith where we discuss interactions between crops and trees, the productivity of agroforestry and the results of their trials on wood chips. Sally and Jo do a great job at bringing some nuance to the conversation while also linking their research to very practical considerations. • TABLE OF CONTENTS01:34 Introduction06:20 Interactions in Agroforestry systems25:21 Nuancing diversity 29:36 Biodiversity 36:02 Productivity of agroforestry and LER51:05 Ecosystem services of hedges57:45 Trials on wood chips • RESOURCEShttps://www.organicresearchcentre.com/https://wakelyns.co.uk/https://www.tolhurstorganic.co.uk/https://www.regenerativeagroforestry.org/episodes/episode/28159983/10-fertile-woodchips-and-managing-the-tree-line-understory-with-iain-tolhursthttps://www.regenerativeagroforestry.org/episodes/episode/9a9eeee3/6-managing-a-25-year-old-alley-cropping-system-with-david-wolfe• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

One of the key questions we are trying to answer is 'in what contexts does agroforestry work, or doesn't'. Dan started intercropping grains between his pecans before he knew it was called agroforestry, because it made sense to him at the time. The first part of the interview focuses on the business strategy of the farm. Whilst providing many tips and fascinating info, you'll also understand the context in which the agroforestry system sets itself. You will be able to understand the details of how he created and managed his intercropping operation, and follow the system whilst it gains maturity. Dan expresses some of his concerns with intercropping in more recent times, and when asked if he would do it again, he provides a surprising answer. We hope you enjoy! • TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:21 Introduction of farm and pecan agroforestry system 00:13:20 Business strategy behind diversifying farm production 00:25:10 Direct selling 300 acres worth of pecans 00:29:35 Creating a quality product 00:33:27 The importance of scale 00:45:15 Why start intercropping the pecan orchard? 00:53:05 Challenges with managing both the intercrop and the tree crop 00:57:00 Trendsetting instead of doing what everybody else is doing 01:00:25 Managing the intercrop strategy with an evolving orchard 01:08:45 Competition between intercrop and tree crop 01:17:05 Silvopasture challenges01:19:45 Management of the tree row 01:24:10 Biggest mistakes • RESOURCEShttp://shepherdfarms.com/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDcBULb4WsE&t=8s• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

We have the pleasure of talking with Josh Heyneke from Parc Carreg in Wales. In just 4 years Josh and his partner Abi have achieved a lot and we dig deep into his main enterprise : pastured duck eggs. Because they have quite a small acreage they have stacked enterprises and we wanted to understand the interactions between them. We get a detailed understanding of what it takes to raise ducks, how they control certain pests and what their behaviour means for weeding and mulching perennial crops. We also touch on blueberry production and the best options for mulching them in a humid climate. We conclude the interview with a discussion of the tree lines that they have planted to subdivide the initial pasture and how he manages such a diversified production model. • TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:34 Introduction00:10:07 Main productions and climate00:14:53 Market00:23:05 Duck egg production00:30:01 Impact of ducks on voles and slugs00:34:30 Rotation of ducks on the farm00:42:30 Integrating ducks with berries00:48:31 Motivations for integrating them both. 00:54:22 Impact of ducks on grass01:02:09 Planting the understory of the blueberries 01:05:44 Mulching: limits of wood chips01:14:46 Planting tree rows01:22:25 Main reasons for planting tree rows01:25:06 How to manage so much diversity? • RESOURCEShttps://www.parccarreg.com/https://www.instagram.com/parccarreg/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Another fascinating interview with a leader and pioneer in the field. Stephen Briggs, managing Whitehall Farm in the UK, delves into the details of his apple intercropping system, and shows us how his farm operation has benefited from the positive interactions of his trees and his arable crops. He is convinced of the strategic benefits agroforestry provides, both for his business and agro-ecosystem. Needless to say, he also has made many mistakes, and shares with us what he would do differently. He finished off discussing where he believes agroforestry is heading in the next 10 years. A must listen, enjoy!• TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:25 Introduction 00:11:50 Agroforestry system description 00:18:56 Tree line grass management 00:23:10 Interaction between trees and crops 00:30:10 Pest pressure and soil biology00:36:15 3D farming and agroforestry productivity00:38:21 Lessons learnt and practical tips 00:43:50 Tree mulch to manage weed pressure 00:45:03 Controlled traffic farming system 00:46:50 Integrating tree and arable work flows 00:50:25 Integrating apple sales into the business 00:55:14 Acquiring new knowledge and time management 00:59:14 Managed complexity01:01:25 Next steps for Whitehall Farm 01:04:50 The future of agroforestry 01:10:15 Planting trees on rented land • RESOURCEShttps://abacusagri.com/https://www.agricology.co.uk/field/farmer-profiles/stephen-briggs• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode Steve Gabriel shares with us his experience on Wellspring Forest Farm, focusing on his sheep silvopasture system. Steve has used the different ecological niches present on his land to build up various enterprises and has refused to separate productions, preferring rather to take advantage of interactions and edge effects. You'll find out how he uses trees to diversify the habitat of his sheep and how this very same diversity can become a key asset in time of crisis. We also cover the importance of the breed, the role of tree fodder, patterns of tree planting and many other fascinating things! • TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:54 Introduction 00:05:33 Wellspring Forest Farm context 00:09:42 Starting with ecological niches 00:14:47 Ecosystems of the farm00:18:22 Silvopasture systems on the farm00:21:37 Creating diversity between paddocks00:27:22 Dealing with complexity and diversity 00:30:48 Trees systems00:36:57 Why mix pasture and trees? 00:44:07 Planting in clusters vs planting in lines00:46:01 How do you protect young trees from animals?00:50:57 Limits of stacking productions00:57:58 Tree fodder 01:07:48 Potential to mechanise tree fodder collection01:14:56 Role of breed in tree fodder acceptance 01:18:25 Managing the rotation of the flock01:23:25 Advice for setting up a silvopasture • RESOURCEShttp://www.wellspringforestfarm.com/https://www.chelseagreen.com/product/silvopasture/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode, Brett Chedzoy shares with us his extensive experience practicing and teaching silvopasture. Brett clearly discussed some of the key issues, challenges and opportunities associated with silvopasture. We spent quite some time covering the importance of rotational grazing and how silvopasture differs from pasture grazing. We cover specific topics such as tree fodder, animal behaviour and the different interactions between trees and animals. We finish the conversation with a practical step by step method to convert a forest into a silvopasture system. TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02:00 Introduction 00:06:58 Silvopasture basics 00:13:40 Challenges and risks 00:17:26 Grazing on pasture vs rotational grazing in silvopasture 00:34:08 Effect of animal presence on tree growth 00:39:16 Animal behaviour 00:43:25 Tree fodder and browsing 00:47:45 Forage quality 00:56:29 Skills necessary to transition to silvopasture grazing 01:00:38 Stocking density and rotation timing 01:06:30 Three step process to convert forest to silvopasture 01:16:23 Resources • RESOURCEShttps://silvopasture.ning.com/https://sites.google.com/site/theangusglenfarm/home• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Paula and Valter share with us how they are designing and implementing complex agroforestry systems. They put an emphasis on creating flexible, modular designs which fit the needs and preferences of local farmers. We talk with them through some key points of their work such as the role of mechanisation, how they plan economically viable systems and finding markets for diverse productions. TABLE OF CONTENTS00:01:59 Introduction to Preta Terra00:11:32 Project in the amazon around cassava 00:18:02 Pasto Vivo: silvopasture system around cattle ranching00:28:00 How can we make more complexity economically viable? 00:35:47 Mechanising management00:45:23 Selling ecological diversity • RESOURCEShttps://www.pretaterra.com/https://www.facebook.com/apretaterra/https://www.instagram.com/preta.terra/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode, Iain Tolhurst explains why and how he integrated trees in his vegetable operation. It's interesting to get a clear image of what his tree layout looks like, and what this means in term on infrastructure and management. He has tested planting perennial crops in the tree understory, a tempting idea that encounters some practical and commercial limitations. We cover some issues such as if we should be worried of weeds growing in the tree line or if root and light competition are a challenge for him. We then explore another interesting aspect of his farm : how he uses woodchips to fulfil 100% of his fertility needs and how much of his land he would need to dedicate to tree cover if he were to produce all his inputs onsite. As a little bonus, we indulge in a little off topic but fascinating conversation on organic matter.TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02.22 Overview of the farm00:07:31 Why agroforestry00:11:43 Which trees did he chose? 00:13:40 Funding & cost00:16:06 Layout and spacings of trees00:21:08 Experimenting with understory planting00:26:20 Impact of trees on vegetable production00:33:04 Time for managing the trees00:37:55 Are weeds in the tree line a problem? 00:44:52 Is it worth planting the understory? 00:49:40 Composting woodchips00:54:50 Applying rameal chipped wood on soil surface01:01:29 Are wood chips economically interesting as an input? 01:05:22 How much tree cover to be autonomous in inputs? 01:07:05 Effects of excess of organic matter01:19:00 Compost recipe and which trees species to favour as input? 01:22:52 Machinery to woodchip and compost01:25:53 Advice for vegetable grower wishing to integrate trees • RESOURCEShttps://www.tolhurstorganic.co.uk/Managing_the_tree_understorey_for_food_and_biodiversity.pdf• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode, Pierre shares with us his work at the Bois de Rode Bos, where he is experimenting with tree varieties to find the most adapted ones to the evolving Belgian climate. It is amazing to realise the genetic diversity that we are not familiar with and the potential it can offer for agricultural production, yet at the same time we understand how technical this work is. Pierre talks us through his selection process, from sourcing rare genetics to trialling them on his land. As we delve into the details of some specific trees such as mulberries and figs we can see how much he has learnt through experimentation and how this knowledge lays the foundations of his emerging business. You'll come out with a clearer picture of what it takes to do such work and of the possibilities and challenges this offers for fruit production. TABLE OF CONTENTS00:03:55 Introduction 00:17:20 Varietal selection and experimentation 00:22:15 Selecting for climate irregularities00:24:30 Mulberry tree specifics 00:29:50 Sourcing unusual varieties and the inside world of tree collectors 00:42:05 Can farmers do this work?00:44:20 Description of his regenerative orchard 00:56:15 Biomass production 01:04:10 Weed control and fertilisation 01:11:05 Diversity 01:16:25 Main challenges• RESOURCEShttps://boisderodebos.be/https://www.facebook.com/boisderodebos/https://agendagotsch.com/en/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode we talk with Christian Shearer and Sarah Baxendell from Regen Network to understand how they are monitoring the ecological outcomes of farming practices and offering an additional income stream to farmers who are regenerating land. These type of tools are crucial to scaling agroforestry as they help make ecologically sound practices economically viable in the short term. We discuss in depth how Regen Network is monitoring ecological change on farms, what data they use, and what taking part in their platform means for farmers. Will biodiversity and carbon credits become key sources of income for agroforestry projects? Listen and decide for yourself. • TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02:10 Introduction of Christian and Sarah 00:09:10 What is Regen Network 00:15:55 How they help farmers implementing agroforestry 00:28:20 What they measure and how 00:39:05 The carbon credit market 00:47:47 What farmers are required to do and the income they can make01:00:45 Funding farmers' transition to regenerative practices01:06:23 Carbon vs biodiversity credits and the complexity of their work 01:11:22 Minimum farm scale for selling credits 01:16:08 Other uses of the data 01:22:37 Main challenges Regen Network faces • RESOURCEShttps://www.regen.network/https://www.wilmotcattleco.com.au/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode, we have the pleasure to talk with Ryan Zinn from the company Dr Bronner. We explore with him how they are using multistrata agroforestry to transform their supply chains in order to increase their resilience and the improve the livelihood of the farmers they work with. We are able to understand why such a company is investing in regenerative agroforestry and what it takes for them to transform their supply chains. We go into some practical details such as the challenges that come with diversifying production on smallholdings and the key role of infrastructure to make it work. If you want to understand how forward thinking companies can be partners for driving forward agroforestry or if you're just curious to understand some of the stakes of agroforestry in the context of smallholders in the tropics, this episode is for you! • TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02:25 Introduction of Dr Bronner and their work with agroforestry00:09:20 Scale and types of designs on the ground00:16:27 How Dr Bronner works with farmers from their supply chain00:24:07 Building regenerative techniques with the farmers00:31:15 Dealing with extra labour induced by complex systems 00:37:29 Selling and working with diversity 00:46:49 Infrastructure for success and scaling00:56:34 Mistakes and lessons learnt01:05:48 How far is Dr B in the process of integrating regenerative practices in its supply chain? 01:09:10 Regenerative Organic Certification01:16:39 Will other companies follow? • RESOURCEShttps://www.drbronner.com/about/our-earth/combatting-climate-change-on-the-ground/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode we have the chance to interview the manager of Wakelyns Farm, amongst the oldest agroforestry systems in Europe. David gives us a great insight into what a fully running agroforestry system looks like. We get into understanding the decisions involved when managing mature trees, what tradeoffs arise with time, and how to balance their needs with the crops grown in the alleys. David also explains how he is shifting the strategy of the farm from a research project to a demonstration site with more diverse revenue streams, bringing many new people and productions on site in the process. • TABLE OF CONTENTS00:02:44 Introduction of Wakelyns Farm00:11:40 Intercropping systems description 00:22:17 Alternative intercrops: vegetables and animals 00:28:13 Coppicing vs pollarding systems 00:33:28 Mechanisation 00:36:13 Ecosystem benefits 00:42:23 Diversifying the business 00:51:59 Mistakes 00:58:27 Economic viability • RESOURCEShttp://www.wakelyns.co.ukhttps://www.facebook.com/wakelynshttps://www.instagram.com/wakelyns/• GET IN TOUCH www.regenerativeagroforestry.org• SUPPORT US www.gumroad.com/regenagroforestry• FOLLOW US on Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn and Instagram See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.