Addition of a finite sequence of numbers
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Geoff Mattson is the CEO of SecureAuth, an identity security company that has raised over $200M and protects more than 50 million identities for enterprises. Before SecureAuth he was CEO of Xage Security. His work now centers on how you prove an AI agent is who it says it is.In this episode of Summation, Geoff and Auren discuss:Why an AI agent is like an Uber driver who might randomly turn into a psycho killerThe deepfake fraudpocalypse, and the simplest thing that defends against itWhy your agent impersonates you instead of working for you and how to fix itWhy the password is finally, actually dyingYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Geoff on Linkedin
Cory Gardner is a former U.S. Senator and Congressman from Colorado and was one of the Senate's leading Taiwan and China experts, chairing the Foreign Relations subcommittee on East Asia and authoring the Taipei Act. He is now president and CEO of NCTA, the Internet & Television Association, whose members built the nation's largest broadband platform.In this episode of Summation, Cory and Auren discuss:Why the AI race gets won on spectrum, fiber, and memory chipsThe bottleneck raising the price of your iPhone, PlayStation, and routerWhy an open society is vulnerable to a campaign to turn Americans against AIWhat a China expert thinks about our dependence on chips made off China's coastYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Cory Gardner on X at @CoryGardner
Harjot Gill is the co-founder and CEO of CodeRabbit, the AI code review company that became the most installed AI app on GitHub and GitLab. Over about two years, CodeRabbit went from zero to over $50M in ARR and a $1B+ valuation. It is his third startup.In this episode of Summation, Harjot and Auren discuss:Why the bottleneck in software just moved from writing code to reviewing itWhy mature companies now adopt AI firstWhy you should never let a coding agent review its own workThe playbook that took CodeRabbit from zero to $50M+ in two yearsYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Harjot Gill on X at @harjotsgill
Moritz Baier-Lentz is one of the foremost investors in gaming, AI, and frontier technologies—including companies like OpenAI, SpaceX, Palantir, Etched, Decart, and Recursive. He founded Goldman Sachs's global gaming practice and was previously a partner, IC member, and head of gaming at Lightspeed. Moritz is part of the founding team of General Intuition, an AI research lab training agents on video game data, which has raised a $133M Seed round and a $320M Series A. He is also a senior advisor to OpenAI, McKinsey & Co., and TPG Capital.In this episode of Summation, Moritz and Auren discuss:Why video games are the best data set for the next phase of AIThe idea that humans only truly learn during playWhy Germany's fear of risk is culturalGetting into Stanford with an essay about Diablo IIYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Moritz Baier-Lentz on LinkedIn or his website.
Ronnie Chatterji is the Chief Economist at OpenAI, where he leads research on how AI reshapes growth, jobs, and the economy. He is also an economics professor at Duke. He was previously the White House CHIPS coordinator implementing the $52B CHIPS Act, and before that the chief economist at the US Department of Commerce.In this episode of Summation, Ronnie and Auren discuss:The three things people actually do with ChatGPTThe 10x jump in people handing their work to AI Why the next big leap in AI is adoption and not capabilityThe case that AI could cause a population boom You can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Ronnie Chatterji on X at @RonnieChatterji
Felix Rieseberg leads engineering for Claude Cowork and Claude Code Desktop at Anthropic. Before that he led desktop and web infrastructure at Notion and built software at Stripe, Slack, and Microsoft. In this episode of Summation, Felix and Auren discuss:The next AI step function: going from solving a problem to owning a responsibilityWhy AI will win many Nobel prizes before it wins a single PulitzerBringing AI into the physical world, from a $30 coffee-machine display to a Wi-Fi garage openerWhy "here's what your team can learn from the Navy SEALs" is bad management adviceYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Felix Rieseberg on X at @felixrieseberg
Brendan Wallace is the Founder, CEO & CIO of Fifth Wall, the largest investment firm focused on technology for the built environment, with ~$3B in capital, the firm is driving the growth of nearly 170 companies, backing category-defining PropTech leaders such as Opendoor, Procore, Blend, Hippo, and Bilt Rewards. It's supported by ~115 of the world's largest real estate owner-operators including CBRE, Hilton, Hines, Marriott, Public Storage, Related, and Starwood. Before Fifth Wall, Brendan was at Goldman Sachs and Blackstone, and he co-founded Identified (sold to Workday) and Cabify. In this episode of Summation, Brendan and Auren discuss:How remote work protected mediocrity for yearsThe data center land grab: powered land, 2037 grid connections, and bring-your-own-solarHow land is the most stable asset on earth and there's still no way to buy an index of itWhy "capital-intensive businesses are bad for venture" is no longer trueYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Brendan Wallace on X at @BrendanFWallace
Jim Rebesco is the co-founder and CEO of Striveworks, an AI ops company deployed across the US Army, Navy, and combatant commands. In April, Striveworks announced a $70M enterprise agreement with the Pentagon, giving nearly a million defense personnel access to its platform. Jim was previously a partner at Virtu Financial, a pioneering high-frequency trading firm.In this episode of Summation, Jim and Auren discuss:why the real question in AI warfare is who pushes the buttonthe case that autonomy favors big nation states, not insurgentswhy it costs $200,000 to procure anything in the Pentagonwhat high-frequency trading and war have in commonYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Jim Rebesco on LinkedIn
Ian Wong is the Co-Founder and CEO of Summation, where he's building AI analysts for finance and operations teams. Ian previously co-founded Opendoor and served as CTO, and before that was the first data scientist at Square. His career has centered on one question: How can technologists use data and AI to create meaningful change in the real world? See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Carson Block is the founder of Muddy Waters Research, one of the defining activist short-selling firms of the last decade and a half. Since 2010, Muddy Waters has published forensic research exposing accounting fraud at publicly traded companies across China, Europe, and the US and has been right enough times that 11 companies have been delisted as a result.In this episode of Summation, Carson and Auren discuss:why outright fraud is only 20-25% of Muddy Waters' focusthe Wirecard sagawhy high-trust countries like Germany are a paradise for criminalshow the thing that killed Enron is still completely legalYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Carson Block on LinkedIn and on X @muddywatersre
Life Lessons from Jeremiah Pt. 9: Living God's Plan By Louie Marsh, 6-28-2026 1) The historical setting: "1These are the words of the letter that Jeremiah the prophet sent from Jerusalem to the surviving elders of the exiles, and to the priests, the prophets, and all the people, whom Nebuchadnezzar had taken into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon. 2This was after King Jeconiah and the queen mother, the eunuchs, the officials of Judah and Jerusalem, the craftsmen, and the metal workers had departed from Jerusalem. 3The letter was sent by the hand of Elasah the son of Shaphan and Gemariah the son of Hilkiah, whom Zedekiah king of Judah sent to Babylon to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon. It said: (Jeremiah 29:1–3, ESV) 2) HOW does God want us to live? 4"Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, to all the exiles whom I have sent into exile from Jerusalem to Babylon: · Settle down & live a PRODUCTIVE life. 5Build houses and live in them; plant gardens and eat their produce. "23Know well the condition of your flocks, and give attention to your herds," (Proverbs 27:23, ESV) · Live a NORMAL life, focus on the future. 6Take wives and have sons and daughters; take wives for your sons, and give your daughters in marriage, that they may bear sons and daughters; multiply there, and do not decrease. "28And God blessed them. And God said to them, "Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it…(Genesis 1:28, ESV) · Be a BLESSING to your culture. 7But seek the welfare of the city where I have sent you into exile, and pray to the Lord on its behalf, for in its welfare you will find your welfare. "12so that you may walk properly before outsiders and be dependent on no one." (1 Thessalonians 4:12, ESV) · Don't let false prophets PROFIT off of you. 8For thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: Do not let your prophets and your diviners who are among you deceive you, and do not listen to the dreams that they dream, 9for it is a lie that they are prophesying to you in my name; I did not send them, declares the Lord." (Jeremiah 29:1–9, ESV) 3) God's promise – for us or Israel or both? "10"For thus says the Lord: When seventy years are completed for Babylon, I will visit you, and I will fulfill to you my promise and bring you back to this place. 11For I know the plans I have for you, declares the Lord, plans for welfare and not for evil, to give you a future and a hope. 12Then you will call upon me and come and pray to me, and I will hear you. 13You will seek me and find me, when you seek me with all your heart. 14I will be found by you, declares the Lord, and I will restore your fortunes and gather you from all the nations and all the places where I have driven you, declares the Lord, and I will bring you back to the place from which I sent you into exile." (Jeremiah 29:10–14, ESV) · God has good plans for us- a FUTURE 11For I know the plans I have for you, declares the Lord, plans for welfare and not for evil, to give you a future... (Jeremiah 29:11, ESV) · There is hope but only in CHRIST. 11… and a hope. (Jeremiah 29:11, ESV) "3Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, 4to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you," (1 Peter 1:3–4, ESV) · God will hear me when I PRAY. 12Then you will call upon me and come and pray to me, and I will hear you. (Jeremiah 29:12, ESV) · I'll find God if I seek Him with ALL my heart 13You will seek me and find me, when you seek me with all your heart. (Jeremiah 29:13, ESV) · VS 14 – ISRAEL ONLY. 14I will be found by you, declares the Lord, and I will restore your fortunes and gather you from all the nations and all the places where I have driven you, declares the Lord, and I will bring you back to the place from which I sent you into exile." 4) Summation. "15I do not ask that you take them out of the world, but that you keep them from the evil one. 16They are not of the world, just as I am not of the world." (John 17:15–16, ESV)
Anders Jones is the CEO and co-founder of Facet, a fintech company built to bring high-quality, flat-fee financial advice to an underserved market: the mass affluent. Facet has raised over $250M and manages more than $7B. Anders has seen the real finances of tens of thousands of households.In this episode of Summation, Anders and Auren discuss:why the percentage-of-assets fee is the greatest heist in financethe retention data showing people stick 3x longer when you help them act, not just advisethe horizontal wealth transfer to spouses that nobody is planning forwhy most companies should never raise venture capitalYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Anders Jones on LinkedIn
Charles Duhigg is a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and staff writer at The New Yorker. He is the author of The Power of Habit, Smarter Faster Better, and Supercommunicators. His work focuses on the science of habits, productivity, decision-making, and human connection.In this episode of Summation, Charles and Auren discuss:why producing the words is only 10% of an author's job, and the 90% AI can't dowhat GLP-1s actually do to the brain the serendipity tax: why you pay for five dead-end dinners to get the one that changes your lifethe three skills that separate supercommunicators from everyone elseYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Charles Duhigg on X at @cduhigg
Chris Farmer is the founder and CEO of SignalFire, an early stage venture firm managing over $3 billion. In this episode of Summation, Chris and Auren discuss:why the time to return 1x has stretched to 9+ years and funds are lasting 20 yearsthe engineering hiring boom hiding behind the layoff headlinesthe five functions of a VC firm and the one place data helps the leastwhy almost all conventional career advice is now badYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Chris Farmer on X at @chriswfarmer
Jake Stauch is the co-founder and CEO of Serval, the AI-native enterprise service management platform. Serval was founded in 2024 and has already raised over $125M across rounds led by Redpoint and Sequoia at a $1B+ valuation. Before Serval, Jake spent five years on the product team at Verkada and earlier founded NeuroPlus, a brain-sensing hardware company that made video games for kids with ADHD.In this episode of Summation, Jake and Auren discuss:Why Anthropic has added more ARR in the past few months than ServiceNow has in the past 20 yearsThe "forward deployed engineer" hire and why he recruits future founders instead of solutions engineersWhy talent density is the only remaining moat in the age of AIThe Silicon Valley collusion around not poaching each other's employeesYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Jake Stauch on X at @jakeserval
Topical Sermons / Speaker:Berry Kercheville The Marriage of the Lamb (God's Marriage Covenant Parallels) Introduction: In our studies in Jeremiah, what has stood out to you about God? There is a major contrast between God's relationship with Israel in previous years compared to Jeremiah's time. What stands out is God's anger to the point of lacking any mercy or willingness to relent on the judgment about to come. We might think that God is finally fed up. True. But there is more to it than that. In our Bible studies it is preeminently important that we understand God. In this lesson we will go back to the beginning of God's purpose for his creation as illustrated in his relationship with Israel. Most Christians recognize that Israel's relationship with God is described as a marriage. But what is often missed is that God is not just using marriage as a comparison to our marriages. The parallels to our marriages go much deeper than that. We begin with how God brought Israel into a marital relationship with him. All Things Leading to Marriage: Courtship There are many characteristics a woman seeks in a husband. The most important of these is a man who will lay down his life for her, love her, and nourish, cherish, and provide for her. And especially, she wants a husband who sees her value above all else. These are all the traits God presents to Israel as he prepares to propose a covenant marriage. Thus, in this courtship stage Yahweh introduces himself to Israel so they can “know him,” a term repeatedly used throughout Exodus and Deuteronomy. Exodus 5:1-2; 9:16 When Moses and Aaron went before Pharaoh, his reply was, “Who is Yahweh that I should let Israel go?” Up to the 8th plague God's miracles were used so that Pharaoh, the Egyptians, and the whole world would know Yahweh. However, beginning with the 8th plague Yahweh uses the plagues so that Israel “may know that I am Yahweh” (10:2). You will remember that “Yahweh” is God's covenantal name, which indicates his faithfulness and also his eternal nature. Yahweh demonstrates his uniqueness above anything else or any being that claims to be a god. Just before the 10th plague, Yahweh again makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel just as he did with the plagues of hail and darkness. Thus God proclaims, “…that you may know that the Lord makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel” (11:7). God is announcing to Israel the special place they have with him over all the other nations. Exodus 15:25-27 The Lord begins to tell Israel more of what he will do for them if they will enter a covenant with him: “…for I am Yahweh, your healer.” In Exodus 16:6 in preparation for the manna, Moses said, “At evening you shall know that it was Yahweh who brought you out of the land of Egypt.” In Exodus 16:12, God proclaims, “At twilight you shall eat meat, and in the morning you shall be filled with bread. Then you shall know that I am Yahweh your God.” Thus God shows the people he will provide for them. All Things Leading to Marriage: The Proposal Marriage offer: “…will you marry me?” Covenant offer: Exodus 19:5, “Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine; and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.' These are the words that you shall speak to the people of Israel.” All Things Leading to Marriage: Proposal Accepted An excited bride today responds, “Yes!” Israel responds, “All the people answered together and said, “All that the LORD has spoken we will do.” And Moses reported the words of the people to the LORD.” (Exodus 19:8) All Things Leading to Marriage: Preparation The bride prepares: hair, makeup, dress, jewelry. Exodus 19:14, “So Moses went down from the mountain to the people and consecrated the people; and they washed their garments.” All Things Leading to Marriage: Presentation The bride walks down the aisle toward the groom Exodus 19:4, “‘You yourselves have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles' wings and brought you to myself.'” All Things Leading to Marriage: Vows Present day: “…I take you to be my husband…promise to love, honor, and obey you” “…love Yahweh your God with all your heart, soul, and might” (Deut. 6:5) “…what does Yahweh your God require…but to fear Yahweh…” (Deut. 10:32) “…obey my commandments that I command you today” (Deut. 11:13) All Things Leading to Marriage: Accepting Vows Present day: “I do!” Exodus 24:3, “Moses came and told the people all the words of the LORD and all the rules. And all the people answered with one voice and said, “All the words that the LORD has spoken we will do.” All Things Leading to Marriage: Pronouncement Present day: “I now pronounce you husband and wife…” Deut. 26:17-19, “You have declared today that the LORD is your God, and that you will walk in his ways, and keep his statutes and his commandments and his rules, and will obey his voice. And the LORD has declared today that you are a people for his treasured possession, as he has promised you, and that you are to keep all his commandments, and that he will set you in praise and in fame and in honor high above all nations that he has made, and that you shall be a people holy to the LORD your God, as he promised.” All Things Leading to Marriage: Reception Present day: A time to enjoy the bounty of life together “You shall eat there before Yahweh your God and rejoice.” (Deut. 14:26) The Marriage of Christ to His People Ephesians 5:22-33 Submission to our Head The love Christ has for his bride Christ, our head, sanctifying and cleansing us (preparing us for the wedding day) Christ presenting his bride to himself “in splendor, without spot or wrinkle, or any such thing, holy and without blemish.” Therefore, groom (Christ) and his bride leave all others and then cling to one another and become one. What is the key to clinging (holding fast)? Love and loyalty to Yahweh our Lord. Warning! It is easy to say we love God, but the challenge is to prove it. James 4:4, “You adulterous people! Do you not know that friendship with the world is enmity with God? Therefore whoever wishes to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God.” This is a description of disloyalty, a lack of loving God with all our heart, soul, mind, and strength. 1 John 5:1-3 “Everyone who believes that Jesus is the Christ has been born of God, and everyone who loves the Father loves whoever has been born of him. By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and obey his commandments. For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments. And his commandments are not burdensome.” Ezekiel 16:1-15 Summation of God's courtship and marriage proposal. Conclusion: Now we can understand the anger of the Lord in the days of Jeremiah. It would be no different for us if the same things happened in any of our marriages. Most importantly, we see that God is not giving us a marriage “picture” when he describes our relationship with him. This is a real marriage, much greater than what we experience in our marriages. In fact, it is our marriages that are the “picture.” Our marriage to our Savior is the reality. The post The Marriage of the Lamb appeared first on Woodland Hills Church of Christ.
Dmitry Shevelenko is Chief Business Officer at Perplexity. He previously co-founded Tortoise, a robotics and commerce automation startup and held business development roles at Uber, LinkedIn, and Meta. He also serves on the board of Lazard. In this episode of Summation, Dmitry and Auren discuss:Why CEOs and executives are Perplexity Computer's biggest power users and what that says about who wins the AI eraScaling Perplexity past $500M ARR with only 34% headcount growthThe $34.5B Chrome bid and the TikTok bid before itWhy AI's biggest constraint right now is adoption and not capabilityYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Dmitry Shevelenko on X at @dmitry140
Ben Miller is the co-founder and CEO of Fundrise, an alternative asset management platform that gives individual investors access to private real estate, private credit, and venture capital. In March 2026, he listed the Fundrise Innovation Fund on the NYSE under the ticker VCX, one of the first publicly traded venture capital funds. VCX gives retail investors direct exposure to private companies like Anthropic, OpenAI, Databricks, and SpaceX. The fund manages over $650 million and has over 100,000 individual investors. Ben is a returning Summation guest.In this episode of Summation, Ben and Auren discuss:Why VCX traded up 700% on day one while Bill Ackman's fund traded down the next weekWhy ETFs fall apart for private markets and closed-end funds are the right structureHow AI will reshape real estate by 2031 and which markets get hit hardestThe hidden truth that SoHo, Wynwood, and Miami Beach were all built by the same personYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Ben Miller on X at @benmillerise
Ralph Goff is a 35-year veteran of the CIA, having served as a six-time Chief of Station across Europe, the Middle East, and Central and South Asia. During his career, he also held the roles of Chief of Operations for Europe and Eurasia and Chief of the CIA's National Resources Division. Since leaving government, he advises on national security issues and speaks publicly on intelligence, geopolitics, and great power competition.In this episode of Summation, Ralph and Auren discuss:Why blackmail almost never works in espionage and ideology still doesWho is actually dying for PutinWhy China is the biggest winner of the Ukraine warHow technological surveillance transformed CIA tradecraft You can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Ralph Goff on Linkedin
Glenn Youngkin was the 74th Governor of Virginia. Before politics, he spent nearly 25 years at The Carlyle Group, one of the largest private equity firms in the world, where he rose to co-CEO. During his four-year term, Virginia generated $10B in surplus revenue, delivered $9B in tax relief, attracted $156B in capital investment, and became one of the first states in the country to mandate cell-phone-free classrooms.In this episode of Summation, Glenn and Auren discuss:Why every Virginia state agency got OKRs and how it transformed a 110,000-person governmentWhy decommissioning baseload power was one of the dumbest decisions ever made How Loudoun County gets more than 25% of its tax base from data centersHow a startup used AI to cut more Virginia regulations in 7 months than 3 years of manual workYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Glenn Youngkin on X at @GlennYoungkin
Marco Zappacosta is the co-founder and CEO of Thumbtack, the home services marketplace he started in 2008. Thumbtack connects homeowners to 300,000+ local service professionals, with nearly 100M projects started on the platform. In this episode of Summation, Marco and Auren discuss:Why home services is bigger than groceries but barely any is booked onlineHow AI collapsed Thumbtack's product pod sizesWhy Silicon Valley underrates leadership and overrates management The single trait to screen every executive hire forYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Marco Zappacosta on X at @mlz
Join Josh Hall for Wednesday Night Bible Study. Tonight we continue our look into the Biblical form of church leadership. To learn more about First Baptist Church of Tallahassee, visit https://www.fbctlh.org.
Eric Ries created the Lean Startup methodology and authored the bestselling book of the same name, which has sold over a million copies. He's also the founder and executive chairman of the Long-Term Stock Exchange, the co-founder of Answer AI (an AI R&D lab), and the author of the upcoming book Incorruptible, releasing May 26th.In this episode of Summation, Eric and Auren discuss:why "bad governance" companies have outperformed "good governance" since 2008financial gravity - the invisible force that bends companies away from their missionthe foundation-controlled blueprint behind Novo Nordisk, IKEA, and Zeisswhy vibe coding is headed for its Chernobyl momentYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Eric Ries on X at @ericries
Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg became Germany's youngest Minister of Defense in history, and previously served as Minister of Economics and Technology. He is the chairman and founder of Spitzberg Partners, an investment and advisory firm, a bestselling author, and co-founder of Open Minds Media, where he produces films and podcasts. He co-hosts one of Germany's most popular podcasts.In this episode of Summation, KT and Auren discuss:Why Germany's defense spending hovered at 1% of GDP for decades and what finally forced a changeThe nuclear exit decision that was driven by a single state election and backfired spectacularlyHow Rheinmetall surpassed Volkswagen in market cap and what it signals about Europe's industrial reorientationWhy Germany's total stock market cap is less than a single US company like NvidiaYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg on Linkedin.
Pat Gelsinger is the former CEO of Intel and longtime Silicon Valley leader. He joins Auren to unpack the forces reshaping technology, geopolitics and leadership.After more than 30 years at Intel (including serving as its first CTO) and nearly a decade as CEO of VMware, Pat now sits at the intersection of deep tech and purpose-driven innovation as executive chair and head of technology at Gloo and general partner at Playground Global.In this episode of Summation, Pat and Auren discuss:Why the US now imports more from Taiwan than from China -- and what that means for national securityThe case for a U.S. sovereign wealth fund to counter China's tech investments in semiconductors, energy, and rare earth mineralsWhat happened when Intel gave $70B back to shareholders instead of building fabs, and why tech companies need technologist CEOsAndy Grove's 35-year mentoring relationship with Pat, starting with a cold call that changed his careerYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Pat Gelsinger on X at @PGelsinger
Vlad Tenev (Robinhood co-founder/CEO) and Tudor Achim (former helm.ai CTO) are the founders of Harmonic, an AI lab pioneering the path toward mathematical superintelligence. Together, they developed Aristotle, a model that eliminates hallucinations by reasoning in Lean code rather than natural language. By shifting from probabilistic guesses to formal logic, Aristotle produces 100% verified mathematical outputs. The model recently demonstrated its breakthrough capabilities by achieving gold-medal performance at the International Math Olympiad. In this episode of Summation, Vlad, Tudor, and Auren discuss:Why AI models struggled at math for so long How Aristotle helped 10x the total corpus of formally verified Erdos problems in just a few months Why formal verification will make all software dramatically saferHow the first Millennium Prize problem will be solved by 2027-2028You can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren, Vlad Tenev on X at @vladtenev, and Tudor Achim on X at @tachim
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John Allen is a retired four-star Marine Corps general who commanded 150,000 US and NATO troops in Afghanistan and built a 65-nation coalition as Special Presidential Envoy to the Global Coalition Against ISIS. After retiring from the military, he led the Brookings Institution as its president. He co-invented the term "hyperwar," holds five AI patents, and co-authored Turning Point: Policymaking in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. He currently serves as a strategic advisor to Microsoft.In this episode of Summation, John and Auren discuss:Why Ukraine's battlefield is accelerating the autonomous weapons timeline faster than any defense department predictedThe single assumption that doomed Afghanistan and why 2,500 troops could have changed everythingWhat nobody is asking about the US operation in Iran How China's one-child military could be the most underappreciated deterrent against a Taiwan invasionYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and John R. Allen on LinkedIn
Adrian Aoun helped found Torch, a health data platform that was acquired by OpenAI earlier this year. He's also the co-founder of Seneca, which raised $60 million to build autonomous drones for wildfire suppression. Adrian previously founded Forward Health. He previously led special projects for Larry Page at Google, where he founded Sidewalk Labs and helped build Google's AI division.In this episode of Summation, Adrian and Auren discuss:Why curing all cancer adds only ~3 years of life but internet access for a billion people is massively more impactfulHow AI is turning healthcare from a service into a product -- and why the AMA is the new taxi medallion lobbyThe expert investor paradox: why deep expertise makes you a worse angel investorWhy GLP-1s are the closest thing to a miracle drug in our lifetimeYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Adrian Aoun on X at @adrianaoun
Tod Sacerdoti is the CEO and co-founder of Pipedream, which recently sold to Workday. Tod is also a general partner at Flex Capital, where he's invested in over 400 companies including Chime, Vercel, Replit, CodeRabbit, Mercury, and many others. He previously founded BrightRoll, a programmatic video advertising platform that sold to Yahoo for $640 million in 2014. In this episode of Summation, Tod and Auren discuss:Why seed investing has the highest annualized returns of any venture asset classFirst-gen AI companies being the most vulnerable to AI disruptionQSBS and why it's the most important tax benefit nobody talks aboutThe founder code and what happens when people break itYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Tod Sacerdoti on X at @tod
Nirav Tolia is the co-founder and CEO of Nextdoor (NYSE: NXDR), the neighborhood social network with over 105 million users across 350,000 communities worldwide. After stepping down as CEO in 2018, he returned to lead the company in 2024.In this episode of Summation, Nirav and Auren discuss:Why success kills innovationThe death of physical communityWhy Nextdoor had to change their stock tickerInsider vs Outsider entrepreneursYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Nirav Tolia on X at @niravtolia.
Lieutenant General Mike Fenzel recently retired as a three-star Army General. He most recently served as the United States Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, navigating one of the world's most complex geopolitical landscapes. His career is defined by high-stakes leadership, ranging from the immediate aftermath of the September 11th attacks, where he was stationed in the bunker alongside Vice President Dick Cheney, to multiple deployments to Afghanistan, to commanding an airborne brigade of 5,500 paratroopers. Beyond the battlefield, Fenzel is a scholar of strategic decision-making. His book, No Miracles, analyzes the internal Soviet failures during their occupation of Afghanistan.In this episode of Summation, Mike and Auren discuss:Why the Soviets took four years to exit AfghanistanLessons from leading security cooperation in JerusalemIsrael's dominance in security techWhy US foreign policy experts keep failingYou can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Mike Fenzel on LinkedIn.
Welcome to Generation! ⛪︎
Martin Shkreli is the co-founder of DL Software, the parent company of Godel Terminal, a Bloomberg competitor for financial data. He previously founded the biotech companies Retrophin and Turing Pharmaceuticals and the hedge fund MSMB Capital Management. In this episode of Summation, Martin and Auren discuss:The structural reasons fintech is less competitive than other industriesHow drug discovery actually works (and doing it from prison)Why AI labs are now out-recruiting hedge fundsWhat Martin learned from being "the most hated man in America"You can find Auren Hoffman on X at @auren and Martin Shkreli on X at @MartinShkreli
World of DaaS is now Summation with Auren Hoffman. While we're proud of our roots in the data world, our conversations have evolved. Summation better reflects our obsession with finding the non-obvious ideas that shape our world.What's changing? Just the name. You'll still get the same insights from the world's most influential founders, investors, and thinkers. If you're already a subscriber, you're all set. If you're new here, welcome. Hit subscribe and join us! Our first episode as Summation drops this Wednesday.Thanks for the support, and welcome to the next chapter. Auren is CEO of NQB8, GP at Flex Capital, Chairman of Dialog; former CEO of SafeGraph and LiveRamp (NYSE: RAMP).
A Summation of the Book of Titus Pastor Eric Mounts
In this episode of Future Finance, hosts Glenn Hopper and Paul Barnhurst are joined by Ian Wong, co-founder and CEO of Summation, a cutting-edge AI platform designed to help enterprise leaders navigate complex data and make smarter business decisions. Ian shares his journey from CTO at Opendoor to founding Summation, inspired by his frustration with the inefficiencies of traditional reporting and analysis systems.Ian Wong is the co-founder and CEO of Summation, an AI-powered decision platform built to help enterprise leaders better understand how their businesses are performing. Before Summation, Ian co-founded Opendoor and served as CTO through its journey to going public. He was also Square's first data scientist, where he built early fraud and risk systems. Ian holds degrees in electrical engineering and statistics from Stanford University and brings a rare blend of deep technical expertise and business leadership experience.Expect to Learn:The Monday Morning Problem and its impact on business operationsHow AI can eliminate tedious data analysis processesThe difference between traditional BI tools and the AI-powered platform SummationThe importance of real-time, decision-grade data for enterprise leadersJoin hosts Glenn and Paul as they unravel the complexities of AI in finance:Follow Ian:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ian-wong/Company: https://www.linkedin.com/company/summation-hq/Follow Paul: LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/thefpandaguyFollow QFlow.AI:Website - https://bit.ly/4i1EkjgFuture Finance is sponsored by QFlow.ai, the strategic finance platform solving the toughest part of planning and analysis: B2B revenue. Align sales, marketing, and finance, speed up decision-making, and lock in accountability with QFlow.ai. Stay tuned for a deeper understanding of how AI is shaping the future of finance and what it means for businesses and individuals alike.In Today's Episode:[01:01] - The Monday Morning Problem and Decision-Making[03:46] - The time and effort spent on manual data analysis[08:48] - Ian's Motivation Behind Summation[10:40] - What Makes Summation Different[12:48] - The Importance of Accurate Data in Finance[13:53] - Wrapping Up and Farewell
In this episode of Future Finance, hosts Paul Barnhurst and Glenn Hopper sit down with Ian Wong, co-founder and CEO of Summation, to talk about one of the most frustrating challenges in finance and analytics: getting timely, trustworthy answers to basic business questions. Ian shares the story behind what he calls the “Monday Morning Problem” and explains why finance teams often spend weeks chasing insights that arrive too late to matter. The conversation explores the limits of dashboards, the risks of AI hallucinations in finance, and what decision-grade analytics really means.Ian Wong is the co-founder and CEO of Summation, an AI-powered decision platform built to help enterprise leaders better understand how their businesses are performing. Before Summation, Ian co-founded Opendoor and served as CTO through its journey to going public. He was also Square's first data scientist, where he built early fraud and risk systems. Ian holds degrees in electrical engineering and statistics from Stanford University and brings a rare blend of deep technical expertise and business leadership experience.In this episode, you will discover:What the “Monday Morning Problem” is and why it slows down decision-makingWhy dashboards and ad hoc reports often fail finance leadersThe risks of relying on generic AI tools for financial analysisHow decision-grade analytics differ from conversational AIWhat the coming “query flood” could mean for data infrastructure and costsIan explains how Summation helps finance and operations teams move from manual data stitching to faster, more reliable insights. The discussion also covers AI hype versus reality, why trust matters so much in finance analytics, and how leaders can think more clearly about where AI fits into real business workflows.Join hosts Glenn and Paul as they unravel the complexities of AI in finance.Follow Ian:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ian-wong/Company: https://www.linkedin.com/company/summation-hq/Follow Glenn:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/gbhopperiiiFollow Paul:LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/thefpandaguyFollow QFlow.AI:Website - https://bit.ly/4i1EkjgFuture Finance is sponsored by QFlow.ai, the strategic finance platform solving the toughest part of planning and analysis: B2B revenue. Align sales, marketing, and finance, speed up decision-making, and lock in accountability with QFlow.ai. Stay tuned for a deeper understanding of how AI is shaping the future of finance and what it means for businesses and individuals alike.In Today's Episode:[01:58] – Meet Ian Wong[05:25] – The “Monday Morning Problem”[09:23] – What Empathetic Leadership Really Means[13:15] – How Enterprise Research Really Works[16:34] – The Monday Morning Numbers Meeting[21:25] – A Balance Sheet That Still Doesn't Balance[25:53] – Where AI actually helps finance teams[28:27] – The AI Hype Question of 2025[33:07] – Moving into Personal Questions
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Author : Jessi Ann York Narrator : Marie Lestrange Host : Alasdair Stuart Audio Producer : Chelsea Davis “Dimorphism” first appeared in SEASONS OF SEVERANCE, an anthology-collection hybrid published by Cemetery Gates Media in 2023. “Dimorphism” was later mentioned as a standout in the Summation section of The Best Horror of the Year Vol. 16. […]