Podcasts about guerilla

Meghan Angley and Jesse Montano break down the a wild game between the Colorado Avalanche and the Columbus Blue Jackets as the Avs punch their ticket to the 2025 Stanley Cup Playoffs This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. This show is presented by Landmark Lincoln and the all new 2024 Lincoln Corsair GT Plug-In Hybrid. Go to https://landmarklincoln.com or stop in to see if you qualify for no payments for up to 90 days. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Gorilla is an animal and a racist slur. Guerilla is a type of insurgent soldier. Don't get the two mixed up here.

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman, Johnny Paratrooper and Joe Dolio to talk the continued SWATing of prominent conservatives, the release of the JFK files and where this is all headed. We talk night vision setups and maximizing your capabilities as well. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman, Johnny Paratrooper and Joe Dolio to talk the murder of Infowars reporter Jamie White, the SWATing of prominent conservatives and where this is headed. Buckle up. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory

Send us a textTHAT METAL INTERVIEW presents Mehdi Birouk Thépegnier of HANGMAN'S CHAIR & ES LA GUERILLA (recorded February 2025). The French drummer chats about juggling life on the road and having a family waiting at home. Mehdi speaks about the visible progress pertaining to HANGMAN'S CHAIR's career; also reveals why he always takes his own drumset on the road.That Metal Interview Podcast is FREE and ON DEMAND, stream now on Apple Podcasts, iHeart Radio, Spotify, Anchor, Google Podcasts, Pandora, Amazon Music, TuneIn, Deezer, Bandcamp.Listen to #ThatMetalInterviewPodcast​​​​​: https://lnk.to/uj7sH3k4Follow us on Twitter:   / thatmetalinterv   Follow us on Instagram:   / thatmetalinterview  Like us on Facebook:   / thatmetalinterview  Subscribe on YouTube:    / jrocksmetalzoneSupport the show(9) Facebook(6) That Metal Interview Podcast (@ThatMetalInterv) / X (twitter.com)That Metal Interview Podcast (@thatmetalinterview) • Instagram photos and videos(2297) That Metal Interview Podcast - YouTube

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman, Johnny Paratrooper and Joe Dolio for our first live stream to X and Rumble! We discuss Pam Bondi covering up the Epstein Files, the EU situation, gear in the store, and more. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory

Yenifer, from Provincia De Panamá, Panama sets the first listener question today -  “Any advice on how to manage stress?”William discusses the benefits of meditation as an effective tool for stress management. He emphasizes that regular practice can help individuals cultivate a habit, which is essential for reaping the long-term benefits. He has been engaging in guided meditation sessions for six months and finds that it helps him organize his thoughts and detach from stress.Stuart introduces the idea of not being influenced by others' experiences and stresses. He asserts that while you cannot control external stressors, you can manage your response to them. He elaborates that stress may never be entirely eliminated, but the key lies in how you react to it.William concludes that stress management involves handling both personal and external stressors effectively.Stuart emphasizes the importance of taking proactive steps to manage stress. He shares a thought-provoking analogy: if faced with a dire situation, such as standing before a firing squad, a person might choose to remain calm and accept the situation, understanding that it is temporary with you inner voice saying “I'm not going to wish these people any harm, they're acting out their role, my job is to experience this as calmly as I can”. Stuart and William continue discussing meditation, highlighting its similarity to maintaining a regular exercise routine. William notes that consistent practice is crucial, while Stuart emphasizes the importance of understanding what meditation entails to benefit fully from it.Debs, from Didcot, Oxfordshire, England asks today second question - “Is gardening a cure or just a help, or both?”What's the deal with this 'cure'? A cure for what, exactly? Is what Stuart wonders initially. He doesn't think of it as a cure-all but admits it can help with various things.William claims gardening can be the ultimate stress buster, answering Yenifer's question. He shares his personal experience. It gets you outside, surrounded by greenery, and gives you a good physical workout. Still though, he isn't sure if it's a cure. Maybe it helps, but it's got to be part of a bigger plan he muses.Stuart chimes in, pointing out the different schools of thought on the benefits of getting your hands dirty. He's always hesitant to use the word "cure". You can also pop a pill, but it just helps you get by, he says. There are rarely permanent cures.He then shares a story about a neighbor who couldn't understand growing a tomato plant that only yielded three tomatoes a year. For Stuart, it's all about the simple joy of being out there.Stuart wraps it up with a practical tip: Try gardening, even if it's just some guerrilla gardening in your local area.What do you make of this discussion? Do you have a question that you'd like us to discuss? Let us know by sending an email to ⁠thepeoplescountryside@gmail.comSign the Petition - Improve The Oxfordshire Countryside Accessibility For All Disabilities And Abilities: change.org/ImproveTheOxfordshireCountrysideAccessibilityForAllDisabilitiesAndAbilitiesFundraiser For An Extreme 8 All-terrain Wheelchair: justgiving.com/wildmanonwheelsWe like to give you an ad free experience. We also like our audience to be relatively small and engaged, we're not after numbers.This podcast's overall themes are nature, philosophy, climate, the human condition, sustainability, and social justice. Help us to spread the impact of the podcast by sharing this link with 5 friends podfollow.com/ThePeoplesCountrysideEnvironmentalDebatePodcast , support our work through Patreon patreon.com/thepeoplescountryside⁠. Find out all about the podcast via this one simple link: linktr.ee/thepeoplescountryside

Kurze Info in eigener Sache vorab: Am 23.03.2025 veranstalten wir unser zweites Creative Camp zum Thema Color Grading mit Adrian Honsberg – diesmal in Berlin. Weitere Infos und den ⁠Link zur Anmeldung findest du hier⁠.In dieser Folge begrüßen wir den Filmemacher und Regisseur Shawn Bu. Wir reden über seinen viralen Star Wars Fanfilm und wie dieser Film seine Karriere beeinflusst hat, über die Zusammenarbeit mit seinem Bruder Julien Bam und das erschaffen der extrem aufwendigen Videos für YouTube und Streaming Dienste. Auch gibt er uns Tipps mit, wie man mit wenig Mitteln viel Production Value erreichen kann - ganz nach dem Guerilla Prinzip. Viel Spaß mit der Folge!Hier geht es zum ⁠Insta von Shawn⁠.Hier geht es zu der Mann im Mond auf Amazon Prime. Im ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠FILMDUDES Podcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ geht es um die Filmbranche, digitales Marketing, Gründertum und Fotografie. Jede zweite Woche gibt es eine neue Folge mit inspirierenden Gästen aus der Branche. Wenn wir uns nicht mit dem Thema Podcast beschäftigen, dann sind wir eine ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Filmproduktion⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ mit Fokus auf Werbefilm mit zwei Standorten in NRW. ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Hier⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ findest du uns auf Instagram. Unsere Arbeit schaust du dir am besten auf ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Vimeo⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ an.Wenn dir die Folge gefallen hat, dann kannst du uns sehr helfen, indem du eine Podcast-Bewertung abgibst und die Episode auf Instagram teilst oder weiterempfiehlst.

Le gang du Caire était le nom donné au début des années 1920 à un groupe de 18 officiers des services de sécurité britanniques, envoyés en Irlande pour infiltrer les organisations nationalistes. Par "infiltrer", il faut comprendre l'élimination physique des dirigeants républicains les plus importants. Au mois d'octobre 1920, ce gang comptait déjà 17 victimes à son actif. Le gang fut décimé lors du Bloody Sunday.

Interview with Staffing Entrepreneur Erik Reid: As home-based entrepreneurs, we often have to become guerilla fighters in our businesses. This leads to adopting innovative ways to succeed in business. One innovative way is to “flip the model” in the industry you want to break in to. Flip that model and break the chains that hold you back from succeeding in your targeted market. A Case in point is Erik Reid, one of the two brains behind the company Virtustant (Virtustant.com). Erik Reid, along with his partner Kevin Wright, run Virtustant, a company that's connecting businesses with top remote talent in regions like Latin America. What's most intriguing is how they're flipping traditional hiring models to launch and grow Virtustant. Subjects discussed in podcast include: • Erik Reid's Inspiration fo launching Virtustant • How Erik flipped the model to gain a foothold in the hiring industry • Toughest challenges to overcome in launching the business • Going head-to-head with other hiring companies after flipping the hiring model. • Leveraging competitive advantages to flip how business is done in the hiring industry • Guerilla marketing tactics used to launch and grow their start-up • Turning Artificial Intelligence into a competitive advantage. • What does the future of work hold in the hiring industry? • What a podcast listener can do to start flipping their own business model Episode Spotlight: Little Jimmy's Italian Ice (ItalianIce.net) Interview Guest [caption id="attachment_179405" align="alignleft" width="512"] Erik Reid, co-founder of Virtustant[/caption]                           Your Host     More Links Subscribe to Home Business TV YouTube Channel (Click)  Subscribe to the Home Business Podcast

Le gang du Caire était le nom donné au début des années 1920 à un groupe de 18 officiers des services de sécurité britanniques, envoyés en Irlande pour infiltrer les organisations nationalistes. Par "infiltrer", il faut comprendre l'élimination physique des dirigeants républicains les plus importants. Au mois d'octobre 1920, ce gang comptait déjà 17 victimes à son actif. Le gang fut décimé lors du Bloody Sunday.Ce dimanche 21 novembre 1920, en pleine guerre d'indépendance irlandaise, le stade Croke Park de Dublin, est plein à craquer. Loin des conflits qui opposent l'IRA (l'organisation armée indépendantiste) et les forces britanniques, plus de 5 000 supporters se sont rassemblés pour assister à un match amical de football gaélique opposant Dublin et Tipperary. Il est 15h15, le coup d'envoi est enfin donné. Dans la foule, les supporters, absorbés par le match, vibrent au rythme de chaque action. Mais à l'extérieur du stade, quelque chose se prépare…

Le gang du Caire était le nom donné au début des années 1920 à un groupe de 18 officiers des services de sécurité britanniques, envoyés en Irlande pour infiltrer les organisations nationalistes. Par "infiltrer", il faut comprendre l'élimination physique des dirigeants républicains les plus importants. Au mois d'octobre 1920, ce gang comptait déjà 17 victimes à son actif. Le gang fut décimé lors du Bloody Sunday.Michael Collins, le leader des renseignements de l'IRA, prend cette surveillance très au sérieux. Il fait appel à ses propres services secrets, “The Squad”, l'escouade en français.Les agents de Collins, comme Liam Tobin, Tom Cullen et Frank Thornton, se retrouvent chaque soir dans des cafés pour transmettre leur rapport. Ils relaient principalement des informations obtenues par une source surprenante : les femmes de chambre des hôtels de la ville.

With the NHL's 4 Nations Tournament in full swing, Jesse Montano sat down to answer your questions about the Colorado Avalanche. This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley finish out the week by unpacking the first two games of the 4 Nations Faceoff. Plus they'll take a look around the NHL This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

„Wie kann man nur so lügen?“ Das ist eine Frage, die sich Claus Leggewie immer wieder gestellt hat. Im Umgang mit den alten Nazis, die sich nach dem Krieg eine andere Biographie zusammenlogen. Oder im gerade laufenden Bundestagswahlkampf, wo Lüge zum „absoluten Medium der Politik“ geworden sei. Leggewies Befund: Diese Bundesrepublik steht auf tönernen Füßen. Dennoch glaubt der Politikwissenschaftler bis heute unverdrossen an den Sieg der Demokratie und fühlt sich - im antitotalitären Bewusstsein geschult an Hannah Arendt - zwischen den Stühlen am wohlsten. Geboren 1950 in eine konservativ-katholische Familie, war Leggewie Professor an der Universität Gießen, Direktor des Kulturwissenschaftlichen Instituts Essen und ist Mitherausgeber der Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik. Bei FREIHEIT DELUXE spricht Claus Leggewie mit Jagoda Marinić über die politische Landschaft im Wahlkampf. Ist Antifaschismus noch mehr als ein Schlagwort? Wie retten wir die Demokratie, wenn das Kind schon in den Brunnen fällt? Was kann noch als Wahrheit gelten, wenn alles nur Meinung ist? Und wie frivol ist es, in diesen Zeiten optimistisch zu sein? Am Ende lassen Claus Leggewie und Jagoda Marinić tatsächlich die Sonne aufgehen. Diese Folge spendet Licht in düsteren Zeiten. Hier hört ihr wie Wissenschaft und Handeln zusammenhängen (7:35) warum Claus Leggewie sich zwischen den Stühlen am wohlsten fühlt (15:55) was Begegnungen mit Alt-Nazis bei ihm ausgelöst haben (18:50) warum die Lüge zum Medium der Politik geworden ist (27:10) warum die Demokratie trotz allem siegen wird und welche Rolle die CDU dabei spielen müsste (34:05) warum Widerstand in uns Menschen drin ist (39:30) warum der Begriff „Freiheit“ so oft missbraucht wird (47:10) warum es statt Wahrheit nur noch Meinungen gibt (50:35) welches Wort im Duell der Kanzlerkandidaten fehlte (56:33) wer schlau ist, aber nicht klug (1:02:25) was Widerstand bedeutet (1:15:22) was das Kernproblem ist (1:22:15) was uns die Sonne sagt (1:35:05) FREIHEIT DELUXE mit Jagoda Marinić ist eine Produktion des Hessischen Rundfunks in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Börsenverein des deutschen Buchhandels. Redaktionsteam: Andrea Geißler und Christoph Scheffer Ihr erreicht uns per Mail: freiheitdeluxe@hr.de

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley break down the final game for the Colorado Avalanche before the NHL's 4 Nations Break as they took on the Edmonton Oilers This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman, Johnny Paratrooper and Joe Dolio to discuss the fight brewing as the Left scrambles in reaction to Trump's measures. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory

Meghan Angley is joined by Jesse Montano LIVE to breakdown the second game of a three-game roadtrip for the Colorado Avalanche as the look to grab as many points as possible before the 4 Nations Break This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. This show is presented by Landmark Lincoln and the all new 2024 Lincoln Corsair GT Plug-In Hybrid. Go to https://landmarklincoln.com or stop in to see if you qualify for no payments for up to 90 days. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Brenden Escott chats with Co-Founder and Executive Vice President of Guerilla Sports in Colorado, Jesse Montano. Get a preview of the Oilers and Colorado Avalanche game, Jesse's insight into the Avalanche season so far and the blockbuster trade between the Avs and Carolina Hurricanes that sent Mikko Rantanen to Raleigh in exchange for Martin Necas. Be sure to follow Jesse on X at @JesseMontano_. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Palestinian resistance has defied overwhelming military force in Gaza, adapting and surviving despite Israel's strategy of genocide and starvation. What does this war teach us about asymmetric warfare, military resilience, and the future of anti-colonial resistance? Why has Israel failed to eliminate Palestinian fighters despite its apocalyptic destruction of Gaza? And how has the regional Axis of Resistance, from Yemen to Lebanon, reshaped the battlefield?To discuss all this and more, Rania Khalek is joined by author and host of the Anti-Empire Project Justin Podur on Dispatches.

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman and Joe Dolio to discuss the the growing reaction inside the government against the measures being taken by the incoming Trump administration and the early leftist terror examples we're seeing happening now. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory

The press called her a “two-pistol-packing” grandma. She witnessed and participated in the chaos of warlord China, World War II, and the CCP-KMT civil war.  For a time, she was a criminal. Later she became a household name for her bravery in fighting the Japanese and then the Communists, resisting right up to the evacuation of Dachen Islands in 1955. Huang Bamei died in Taipei in 1982 (age 76) after devoting the last decades of her long and action-packed life to caring for children orphaned by the Chinese Civil War; an amazing life that, quite honestly John and Eryk would rather talk about than have lived through.  Pics, links and more at formosafiles.com

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley round out the week by looking back at the Avs' blowout win over the Minnesota Wild, and previewing a huge matchup this weekend with the Winnipeg Jets tomorrow. Plus, the two talk about an exciting an exciting visit from the PWHL coming to Denver this weekend. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley breakdown the Central Division matchup between the Colorado Avalanche and the Minnesota Wild Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley breakdown the Colorado Avalanche's trip to the Madhouse on Madison to take on the Chicago Blackhawks Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman, Johnny Paratrooper and Joe Dolio to discuss the attacks in New Orleans and Las Vegas, breaking down the events and the perpetrators based on what's now known. Not much is adding up. Buckle up. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley finish up the first week of 2025 by recapping the thrilling 6-5 OT win for the Colorado Avalanche over the Buffalo Sabres. Plus, they unpack the highly controversial play that led to a goal for the Sabres when Avalanche goaltender Scott Wedgewood went down with a lower body injury. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley help kick off your New Year's week by breaking down a calm week for the Colorado Avalanche, while the drama league wide continues Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley get one final show in for 2024 as they preview the Winnipeg Jets visit to the Mile High City on New Year's Eve. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley break down the final meeting of the season between the Colorado Avalanche and the Utah Hockey Club Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley are back to discuss the Five Year Extension signed by Mackenzie Blackwood this morning, plus they look at how that changes the Avs' front office approach to how they handle the leading man in net This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. This show is presented by Landmark Lincoln and the all new 2024 Lincoln Corsair GT Plug-In Hybrid. Go to https://landmarklincoln.com or stop in to see if you qualify for no payments for up to 90 days. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano, Meghan Angley, and Chloe Theil check in at the Christmas break to see ow the unofficial "first half" of the season has shaken out for the Colorado Avalanche. Plus, the return of the Player Ranking Pyramid This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. This show is presented by Landmark Lincoln and the all new 2024 Lincoln Corsair GT Plug-In Hybrid. Go to https://landmarklincoln.com or stop in to see if you qualify for no payments for up to 90 days. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley take you into the holiday by answering your questions! This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. This show is presented by Landmark Lincoln and the all new 2024 Lincoln Corsair GT Plug-In Hybrid. Go to https://landmarklincoln.com or stop in to see if you qualify for no payments for up to 90 days. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Whether it's a natural disaster, civil unrest, or rising security concerns, communications is becoming a skill set that no security-minded citizen can afford to neglect.But where to start?  No doubt, radio communications can be an intimidating subject if you're knowledge level is set as zero.But it doesn't have to be.That's why we brought back NC Scout, combat veteran, communications expert, and author of the Guerilla's Guide to Baefeng Radio, to talk to us about the importance of developing your skills with the raido.NC Scout gives you an easy to follow plan for how you can incorporate communication into your security plan.  He covers the basics of:radio selectionbest practices when training with commsrookie mistakes to avoidand moreSo lock and load!  Get ready to get spun up on radio comms in this episode of the Pearl Snap Tactical Podcast!Resources:Get the Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio here.Connect with NC Scout:WebsiteX AccountSupport the showBecome a Premium Member: Get Members Only Content on our Substack page. Click here.Link up with us:Website: Pearl Snap TacticalInstagram: Pearl Snap Tactical X: Pearl Snap TaciticalThe views and opinions expressed by the guests do not necessarily reflect those of the host, this podcast or affiliates. The information provided in these shows are for educational purposes do not constitute legal advice. Those interest in training in the use of firearms or other self-defense applications are advised to seek out a professional, qualified instructor.(Some of the links in the episode show notes are affiliate links. This means that if you make a purchase through these links, we may earn a commission at no additional cost to you. We only recommend products or services we have personally used and believe will add value to our listeners.)

Send me a text!A brief introduction to the war of the moment and foreseeable future.Different quotes Support the showwar102podcast@gmail.comhttps://www.reddit.com/r/War102Podcast/https://war102.buzzsprout.com

What voice did you choose for Chat GPT? • Guerilla fighters love the Toyota Hilux • Nicolas Cage's AK monologue from Lord of War • Why the next James Bond should be Idris Elba

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman, Johnny Paratrooper and Joe Dolio to discuss the the ramifications of targeted killings, the fall of Syria, and the drones over NJ from eyewitness accounts. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory Primary Arms

Join us this week as we travel back in time to the American Civil War. We discuss a Guerilla fighter who was one of the only people to be convicted of war crimes in the Civil War. Support the show

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley breakdown the first game of a three-game roadtrip for the Colorado Avalanche as they paid a visit to the Vancouver Canucks Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley breakdown the final game of a five-game roadtrip for the Colorado Avalanche as they paid a visit to the Pittsburgh Penguins. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley breakdown the second game in as many nights for the Colorado Avalanche as they paid a visit to the New Jersey Devils. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

BREAKING NEWS: The Colorado Avalanche have traded goaltender Alexandar Georgiev in exchange for MacKenzie Blackwood. Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley break it all down! Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley breakdown the first game of a back to back for the Avs, Saturday night in Detroit between the Colorado Avalanche and Detroit Red Wings. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Welcome to the Green Dragon Tavern! I'm joined by Patriotman and Joe Dolio to discuss the murder of United Healthcare's CEO and break down the Left's reaction to it. There's a lot more coming, folks. Don't get caught off guard. Got Freeze Dried Beef? Brushbeater Beef has you covered! Check out our gold sponsor! The Guerilla's Guide to the Baofeng Radio is a #1 Bestseller!  Brushbeater Store is live! Radio Contra Sponsors: Civil Defense Manual Tactical Wisdom Blacksmith Publishing Radio Contra Patron Program Brushbeater Training Calendar Brushbeater Forum Palmetto State Armory Primary Arms

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley breakdown the second game of the Avs' 5-game road trip, this one between the Colorado Avalanche and Carolina Hurricanes. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Jesse Montano and Meghan Angley round out the week by breaking down what we saw from the Avs to start December, and what to expect on a busy weekend ahead for the Colorado Avalanche. This show is brought to you by Trusted American. Trusted American's salary-based mortgage consultants want to help you get into a better interest rate and lower your monthly payments. And right now they will cover the cost of your appraisal, valued at $650. Go to https://trustedamerican.com/ for all the info. This show is presented by Landmark Lincoln and the all new 2024 Lincoln Corsair GT Plug-In Hybrid. Go to https://landmarklincoln.com or stop in to see if you qualify for no payments for up to 90 days. Get your fix on all things hockey with Off Ice!

Discover how Claude Cockburn's guerrilla journalism foresaw the rise of fascism in the 1930s and challenged mainstream media narratives.This show is made possible by you! To become a sustaining member go to https://LauraFlanders.org/donate Thank you for your continued support!Description: Mainstream media has a lot to account for in 2024, but go back 90 years, and prestigious publications have often failed to see when things were so clearly wrong. In 1930s Germany, many journalists downplayed Adolf Hitler's ascension to power, with the New York Times writing “There is no warrant for immediate alarm…The more violent parts of his alleged program he has himself in recent months been softening down or abandoning.” But one young British journalist who, seeing what was happening, quit his job with The London Times and founded The Week, a newsletter that became famous for its opposition to fascism and the Western powers that were enabling it. His name was Claud Cockburn, and he's the subject of a newly-released biography by his son, Patrick Cockburn, “Believe Nothing Until It Is Officially Denied: Claud Cockburn and the Invention of Guerrilla Journalism,” out now via Verso Books. Patrick is an award-winning journalist himself, with a long expertise in the Middle East. And Patrick is Laura Flanders' uncle; Claud is her grandfather. How did mainstream media miss what Claud knew about the rise of Nazis, and how did his guerilla journalism make an impact? And why is Claud's story so relevant now? All that, plus a commentary from Laura.Guest: Patrick Cockburn, Journalist, and author including “Believe Nothing Until It Is Officially Denied:  Claud Cockburn and the Invention of Guerrilla Journalism”, Verso Books.Watch the broadcast episode cut for time at our YouTube channel and airing on PBS stations across the country  Related Laura Flanders Show Episodes:•  Stephanie Flanders on A Trump Economy & What to Watch in The Ultimate Election Year, Watch / Podcast: Abridged, Uncut Conversation•  Arundhati Roy: Freedom, Fascism, Fiction and the Pandemic Portal, Watch/ Podcast:  Abridged, Uncut Conversation• Laura's Commentary, F-Word:  Bodies, Borders, Resistance, Rebirth:  Arundhati Roy, Podcast•  Patrick Cockburn on Syria, Watch Related Articles and Resources:• Opinion:  Is Trump a fascist?  Probably - but not like those of the 30s, by Patrick Cockburn, November 9 2024, iNews• Opinion:  Netanyahu knows the US can't restrain him now, by Patrick Cockburn, October 2, 2024, iNews•  Most political disasters are overstated - not this one, by Patrick Cockburn, November 6, 2024, iNews Full Episode Notes are located HERE. They include related episodes, articles, and more. Laura Flanders and Friends Crew: Laura Flanders, along with Sabrina Artel, Jeremiah Cothren, Veronica Delgado, Erika Harley, Janet Hernandez, Jeannie Hopper, Sarah Miller, Nat Needham, David Neuman, and Rory O'Conner. FOLLOW Laura Flanders and FriendsInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/lauraflandersandfriends/Twitter: https://twitter.com/LFAndFriendsFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/LauraFlandersAndFriends/Tiktok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lauraflandersandfriendsYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFLRxVeYcB1H7DbuYZQG-lgLinkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/lauraflandersandfriendsPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/lauraflandersandfriendsACCESSIBILITY - The broadcast edition of this episode is available with closed captioned by clicking here for our YouTube Channel

Last time we spoke about the establishment of the Jiangxi Soviet. After the CCP's failed uprisings, Mao Zedong and Zhu De fled to rural China, determined to build a strong, agrarian-based Red Army. Mao narrowly escaped capture and regrouped with fewer than 1,000 soldiers, facing morale and loyalty issues. To rebuild, he implemented reforms, creating political structures within the army to strengthen revolutionary spirit and establish troop soviets for democratic centralism. Seeking refuge, Mao negotiated with local bandit leaders Yuan Weicai and Wang Zuo to secure Jinggangshan, a defensible mountain area. The Red Army began guerrilla operations, seizing nearby villages and towns, rapidly expanding territory. Over time, despite facing encirclement campaigns by Nationalist forces, Mao's Red Army persevered, using flexible tactics, alliances, and propaganda. This period laid the groundwork for the growth of the Jiangxi Soviet, where the Red Army united diverse groups and adapted communist policies to local conditions, eventually strengthening their movement for future battles.   #126 The first Encirclement Campaign Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. We last left off with the establishment of the Jiangxi Soviet and its expansion into Fujian province. In spite of the continuous attacks by provincial and NRA forces, the communist movement was flourishing in the countryside. After the multiple failed uprisings in 1927, support for urban insurrection as the cornerstone of the revolution was fragmented. Likewise the KMT unleashed anti-communist campaigns inside major cities, cracking down on communist activities, driving them underground. The urban labor unions were also not very receptive to communist propaganda. A lack of enthusiasm for communism was evident in the early party demographics. In 1928 peasants made up ¾'s of the CCP membership while Shanghai labor union members dropped from 3000 to 700 by 1930. In the face of these statistics, the CCP continued to look at the urban centers as the key to the communist revolution. It was an issue of philosophy. The Central Committee maintained an unwavering belief that the proletariat should carry out urban uprisings as a means of inciting the grand revolution. As the head of the CCP propaganda department, Li Lisan was one of the largest proponents for the urban insurrection model. Li Lisan had returned to China from France in 1928 and argued the proletariat was still very much the center of the movement and that “the peasantry is petty bourgeois and cannot have correct ideas regarding socialism. Only a proletarian mentality can lead us onto the correct revolutionary road.” Li Lishan pushed for the occupation of large cities, rather than expanding the rural Soviets. However his attempts to reinvigorate the labor movements in urban centers was not going well. In 1929 Joseph Stalin came under the belief the communist revolution in China was heating up, citing the economic depression because of the market crash of 1929 as evidence. He had the comintern to begin publishing a series of guidances and measures in February and June of 1929 that reemphasized urban insurrection. In September the Comintern pushed for the CCP to leverage labor unions as a means of delivering the revolution to the masses. In October the Comintern estimated that a crescendo was met and that the revolutionary upsurge was well on its way. Yet the Comintern did not know when the revolution would begin and its subsequent guidance became incoherent to the CCP. Regardless, the CCP took the guidance and prepared to start a revolution. By 1930 the Red Army remained the only force able to lead urban uprisings. Urban labor movements were still not complying, thus Li Lisan was forced to depend on the Red Army. He planned to gain control over the Red Army by establishing central party control over it, dividing the forces away from their leaders. In April of 1930 the Central Committee issued two resolutions for the creation of a General Front Committee to lead urban uprisings. Li Lisan also requested Mao Zedong and Zhu De travel to Shanghai to separate them from their troops. Neither would end up coming to Shanghai. In 1930 the CCP began promoting the Cominterns October directive, reaffirming to all conditions were ripe for revolution, despite the urban labor realities. In February the Conference of Delegates from the Soviet Areas repudiated Mao Zedong's strategies of encircling cities in favor of urban insurrections. To this the Central Committee chastised Mao Zedong and Zhu De's forces for having what they termed a “hide-and-disperse view,” and instead pushed for the Red Army to concentrate and attack. Clearly the Li Lisan plan was counter to Mao Zedongs. Mao Zedong was promoting slow expansion focusing on land distribution and establishing Soviets, rather than a full frontal attack and seizure of a city like Changsha. Mao Zedong foresaw a slow bottom up model; recruits would start as local village militia, become Red Guards, join the local Red Army forces and then the main Red Army units. Li Lisan saw this as defeatist and wanted to concentrate weapons instead of dividing them equally amongst local militias, Red Guards and other Guerilla units. Li Lisan also complained to his colleagues Mao Zedong's strategy was too slow and famously said “by such tactics our hair will be white before the revolution is victorious.”  By 1930 the CCP focused on two provinces to ignite its revolution. A series of uprisings would be unleashed in Nanchang, Changsha and Wuhan. It was believed if Wuhan fell, the revolution would spread to Shanghai setting off a worldwide chain of revolutionary events. Things were not looking good for uprisings in cities. From 1926 to 1930 the working class membership of the CCP had dropped from 66% to 8%. The Red Army, despite growing, suffered from a lack of equipment and training. Mao Zedong and Zhu De had their misgivings about the uprisings, but were something of a minority and complied nonetheless. On June 22nd they both issued orders to conduct attacks.  The 1st Red Army Corps, formed from the 4th Red Army was to attack Nanchang while the 3rd Red Army Corps, formed from Peng Dehuai's 5th Red Army would attack Changsha. Yet against the wishes of Li Lisan, Mao Zedong left 3 army units back at the Jiangxi Soviet to defend the area. The 3rd Red Army corps was the first to attack, capturing Changsha on July 29th. Peng Duhai quickly established a Soviet government with Li Lisan acting as its chairman. However the arrival of Red soldiers did not illicit an urban uprising. On July 30th, British, American, Italian and Japanese ships sailed up the Xiang River to defend their concessions and citizens. Naval bombardment coupled with a lack of urban support dislodged Peng Dehuai's men from the city by August 3rd. They did however grab as much money and supplies as they could on the way out. After their withdrawal, the NRA occupied the city and began purging all communist sympathizers they could find.  The first Red Army corps did not do much better. Mao Zedong and Zhu De's men attacked Nanchang, but initially dispatched reconnaissance forces into the city on August 1st. It was quickly determined that little progress could be made, so the forces moved to Liuyang in Hunan. At Liuyang the 1st and 3rd Red Armies consolidated their forces into the first front red army and planned their next move. The assessment for Changsha and Wuhan was quite grim. NRA forces had recently begun reinforcing the two cities while also establishing a defense in depth. Foreign naval ships were stationed along the Yangtze River providing fire support. Mao Zedong and Zhu De both argued against it, but reluctantly agreed to attack Changsha on September 1st.  The second attack against Changsha was a complete disaster. The better equipped enemy, within strong defensive positions, tossed the Red Army on its ass. After 10 days of fighting and facing severe losses, Mao Zedong and Zhu De made a bold move. They ordered a withdrawal on the 13th, stating that Li Lisan was wrong and a change of plan was required. This caused a deep divide in the Red Army, with many political commissars objective to the order. But the Red soldiers complied and conducted an orderly withdrawal. Now there emerged a faction in the CCP backed by Li Lisan calling for another attack against Nanchang. Mao Zedong and Zhu De believed it was impossible as the NRA held an even stronger position at Nanchang. Thus Mao Zedong came up with a compromise: they would attack Ji'an, a strategic city centered on the Jiangxi Soviet. If captured, the southwestern portion of the Jiangxi Soviet would be joined together to greatly expand the Soviet area.  On the morning of October 4th, the Red Army with local militias advanced into Ji'an from 3 different directions and by nightfall captured the city. This was facilitated by a large influx of peasant support for the Red Army, some claim over a million peasants marched upon the city to support the Reds. They also covertly raided the KMT HQ in Ji'an where they discovered documents about an upcoming NRA encirclement campaign. With this discovery the Li Lisan strategy ended as the CCP now needed to secure their survival. Li Lisans epic failure released a cascade of internal power grabs, that influenced the political and military direction going forward. After the second failure at Changsha, Mao Zedong began publicly attacking Li Lisan to increase his own standing. Within the Red Army two diverging viewpoints emerged, that of Mao Zedong's rural encirclement strategy and Li Lisans urban uprising strategy. Political commissars labeled Mao Zedong as treacherous for attacking Li Lisan, while the peasant troops all agreed with Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong was also confronted with another issue, the Jiangxi Provincial Action Committee was also looking to power grab. They were a newly formed committee who were vying for control over the Red Army. Mao Zedong was currently performing a survey over the rural area of Xingguo and while doing so he suddenly identified suspicious linkages between the KMT funded Anti-Boshevik Corps, aka the AB Corps, who had undercover agents charged with sabotaging communist units and the local Jiangxi Action Committee and 20th Red Army leaders such as one Li Wenlin. Armed with this evidence, Mao Zedong unleashed a huge purge of the Red Army. In November he arrested 4000 members of the 20th Red Army, including all but 2 members of the Jiangxi Provincial Action Committee, all charged with treason. The purge effectively negated his little problem, what a coincidence, but it would cause him some headaches. The following month, a battalion of the 20th Red Army led by Liu Dizao captured Futian and there they released 40 recently purged comrades who were suspected to have ties to the AB Corps. The men who let released them then took them across the Gan River to establish a new Soviet in Yongyang. From the Soviet the accused men looked to clear their names and appealed to the Central Committee as well as Zhu De and Peng Dehuai. The 20th Red Army argued they were wrongfully accused of being AB Corps members. It was their argument that Mao Zedong accused them because they had criticized him. A large group of the 20th Red Army left the Soviet apparently to perform peace talks in July of 1931, but would be arrested, put on trial and executed.  This became known as the Futian incident, though quite slanderous, it did not pick up a lot of steam at the time, mostly because the Comintern and Central Committee were too busy condemning Li Lisan for his failures. Zhou Enlai was sent back to Russia to try and clean up the embarrassing Changsha debacle. When h arrived, he distanced himself and the party from Li Lisan, and this effectively handed the congruence to Mao Zedongs strategy, further helping him consolidate power. Added to this the Comintern sent a letter to the CCP in November of 1930 stating Li Lisans ideas were inconsistent with the Cominterns guidance and antagonistic to the greater communist cause. Li Lisan was recalled to Moscow where he tried to save his ass. In the meantime the CCP's leadership had a difficult time regaining traction until late 1931. Now going back to the documents found, speaking about an encirclement campaign. The NRA dispatch a large force to deal with the Reds. It consisted of the 9th route Army led by the governor of Jiangxi, Lu Diping; the 6th route army from Hunan ld by Zhu Shaoling and the 19th Route army led by Jiang Guangnai. Altogether they were 44,000 men strong, divided into 5 divisions and 3 air-bombing corps. The plan was to encircle the Jiangxi Soviets, pressing them back into the mountains. Once fully encircled the NRA would attack Donggu, Longgang, and Dongshao. After the capture of Ji'an, the Red Army leadership alongside the Jiangxi Action Committee held a conference at Luofang on October 25th, to figure out how to respond to the incoming encirclement campaign. Many called for re-attacking Nanchang and Jiujiang to try and divert the NRA forces away from the Jiangxi Soviet. Mao Zedong argued instead to perform his classic “lure the enemy in deep” strategy. Essentially Mao Zedong wanted to trade land for time. Initially the Red ARmy would evacuate the western areas of the Gan River and head east to mobilize the local people, raise funds and recruit. The eastwards movement would also lure the NRA across the river into Red Army terrain, overstretching their logistics lines. This way the Reds could choose where to face the enemy and hopefully divide and conquer them. It was Mao Zedongs belief the only feasible way to defeat the NRA was to lure them in and then attack places like Nanchang and Jiujiang when they were depleted of defenders.  On November 1st the Red Army began advancing across the Gan River into Ji'an, Jishui, Xingan, Le'an, Yongfeng, Yihuang, Chongren and Nanfeng counties. Within 6 days the Red Army had seized 400,000 yuan and enlisted the support of the local populaces. During this time, members of the 3rd Red ARmy corps rebelled against Mao Zedong's strategy, arguing instead to occupy the western Gan River area. Peng Dehuai was able to suppress the dissension and by mid November the entire Red Army was occupying the eastern bank of the Gan River. The NRA followed the Reds across the Gan River. By November 18th the NRA were advancing in 3 columns; the first occupied Yongfeng and Jishui; the second occupied Le'an and Yihuang and the third occupied Ji'an. As the NRA continued to advance they had limited engagements against the Reds. By the 26th the Reds were now occupying Donggu, Nanlong and Longgang. Things were all going according to plan, but then the Futian incident hit on December 7th. The mutiny jeopardized the Red Army's western flank, forcing them to abandon Donggu and the Futian area by December 15th. The remainder of the 3rd ARmy corps advanced to the northern area of Ningdu county and then occupied Pingtian and Anfu.  NRA intelligence began figuring out there was internal strife amongst the Reds and exploited it. On the 16th Lu Diping ordered 2 divisions to encircle and attack Donggu. The 5th and 18th NRA divisions attacked Donggu forcing the Reds to withdraw while attacking the 5th NRA as they did so. The 2 NRA divisions entered the Donggu area each on the opposite side of a ridgeline unable to know what was going on with the other. On the 20th the 18th NRA attacked Donggu with artillery, unknowingly firing upon their comrades in the 5th NRA for half of a day. By the end of December the NRA forces had taken most of the Jiangxi Soviet. However the NRA forces logistical lines were overextended, exposing them to constant guerrilla attacks. They had captured numerous towns each requiring occupation forces seeing only a third of the troops actually at the front lines. The communist efforts to gain the support of the local populaces also saw them hindering the NRA occupational forces. The local populace spied upon the NRA and provided the Reds with information about a pending attack against Longgang.  2 brigades of the NRA 18th Division were going to attack Longgang on December 30th. With this information the Red Army countered by encircling the 2 brigades using mountainous terrain to mass fires and cut off any reinforcements. On the morning of the 30th, the NRA forces entered Longgang only to be surrounded. The 1st Red Army Corps attacked the 2 brigades while the 4th red Army and elements of the 3rd Red Army Corps blocked the 18th NRA division's rear preventing them from helping from Donggu. By the end of the day the Reds had taken 9000 prisoners, including the divisional commander, Zhang Huizan. Hearing word of the 18th Divisions plight, Lu Diping ordered a withdrawal of the forces to consolidate and reorganize. Tan Daoyuan's 15th NRA division advanced south towards Yuantou. Again the local populace spied and fed the Reds intel, allowing them to quickly pursue them. On the morning of January 3rd, the Red ARmy attacked the 15th NRA division near Dongshao from 3 different directions. The NRA routed under the attack, many of the troops simply tossed weapons and ran. Meanwhile the 3rd Red Army was unable to fully encircle them allowing many to escape. But nonetheless they managed to capture 3000 prisoners, 4000 rifles, 40 machine guns and a cache of ammunition. The defeats at Longgang and Dongshao effectively ended the first NRA encirclement campaign, providing the Reds with numerous recruits, a lot of equipment and much experience. The destruction of multiple NRA divisions saw 15,000 prisoners, 12,000 weapons captured and had validated Mao Zedongs strategies. The victories spread word of the communist forces' strength in the region and this began to swing the tide of public favor. The Red Army followed this up by executing Zhang Huizan, the commander of the 18th NRA division. His head was sent to Ji'an to serve as a warning. From march to April the Red Army held 4 different meetings to determine strategy going forward. During the first meeting on March 18th many were calling for vacating the Soviet areas because of the NRA's numerical superiority. Yet no decision was made. The next meeting a month later the same argument was made, but others also advocated for staying and dividing into small units in order to conduct coordinated attacks to break the encirclement and destroy their enemy. Again no decision was made. A third meeting occurred days later, this time acting on Mao Zedong's advice, the Red Army leadership invited different military units to participate. Dividing forces gained traction, but now they were first asking to make a concentrated attack on the 19th NRA route army to establish a route out of the encirclement. Mao Zedong agreed to this idea, but argued it should be levied against the 5th route army who were facing many issues. The 5th route army were originally from Northern China, thus unfamiliar with the territory. The meeting saw an agreement on attacking and then dividing, but no agreement on target. The final meeting was held in late April, this time with Mao Zedong given the floor to present his perspective. He gave an impassioned speech arguing that luring the enemy in deep made the most sense for 2 reasons. 1) the Red Army and local populace had experience and resolve to defeat the enemy; 2 ) they knew the terrain, Mao Zedong outlined how they could sweep east across the Soviet, hitting the enemy from Futian to Jianning. With the terrain would allow the Reds to isolate the NRA from providing mutual support and allowing them to use overwhelming firepower. Mao Zedongs speech world, the strategy was finally approved. During the period between March and April, while the meetings were held, the Red Army began withdrawing troops from the fringes of the expanded Jiangxi Soviet. Beginning in March the Red Army abandoned the newly acquired towns of Toubei, Dongshao, Luokou, Futian, Tengtian and Zhaoxie. By April 23rd the Red Army had relocated with the 3rd army corps based in Longgang; the 3rd and 4th Red Army's were stationed in the mountains between Donggu and Futian and the rest of the first front red army in the vicinity of Ningdy. As NRA forces slowly occupied Futian and began advancing east towards Donggu, up in the Jiucun mountain range, the 4th Red Army, overlooking the road from Futian and Donggu prepared an ambush. On May 11th, the 47th and 28th NRA divisions walked directly into the ambush. The Red forces initially rolled boulders from the mountain tops, causing casualties and confusion. The 2 NRA divisions were taken by surprise and began signaling for help, but the Red Army severed their wired communications. Because of the mountains and treelines aerial visibility was poor, neutralizing the NRA's air forces.The 3rd Red Army descended the mountains and attacked the divisions fiercely. On the night of the 17th, the NRA forces had been defeated. 5000 guns, 50 machine guns, 30 artillery pieces and numerous supplies were captured. Meanwhile the 43rd NRA division originally enroute towards Tantou, received word of the defeat at Zhongdong, so they changed direction towards Shuinan. They planned to ford the Xiaolong River near Shuinan to consolidate their forces. However local communist militia groups had taken the bridge forcing the NRA to advance to Baisha. On May 19th the Red Army defeated the 43rd NRA division at Baisha, seizing 4000 weapons, 30 machine guns and 2 artillery pieces. The NRA attempted to reinforce them with the 19th route army, but they were too late to the scene and upon seeing the destruction pulled back to Xingguo. These 2 defeats effectively destroyed the 5th NRA route army.  Initially the 26th NRA route army was ordered to occupy Nantuan and then advance east. However once they occupied the city, their 27th division received orders to reinforce the NRA position at Zhongcun while the 25th division remained in Nantuan. Before the 27th division could advance, the 3rd Red Army Corps and 4th Red Army attacked Zhongcun, decimating its defenders and occupying the city on May 22nd. That night the Red Army continued to Nantuan where they destroyed the 25th division. This caused the remaining NRA forces to retreat to Le'an and Yihuang. The Red Army captured 3000 weapons, 10 machine guns and effectively eliminated the 26th NRA route army.  Hearing of the destruction of the 26th and 5th route armies, the NRA began withdrawing back to Nancheng. The 5th Division was the last unit trying to depart Guangchang when it was attacked by the 3rd and 4th Red Armies on May 27th. The 5th Division performed a fighting withdrawal to Nanfeng, losing many in the process. Meanwhile at Jianning in Fujian, the 4th Red Army was occupying Guangchang trying to consolidate their gains with a single division advancing north towards Nanfeng. The 3rd Red army corps and 12th Red Army advanced east, hunting down NRA forces into Jianning by May 30th. The attack caught the 56th NRA division completely off guard. They had not yet even established any defensive works. They were routed as the Reds occupied Jianning destroying a NRA regiment in the process. Along with captured numerous war materials the Reds also got their hands on much needed medical supplies. In the course of two weeks the Reds had traveled over 300km's captured 30,000 prisoners and captured 20,000 weapons. The newfound equipment was enough to outfit the entire first front red army with all modern weaponry, while the older equipment was given to local militia groups. The Red's success was due to good intelligence and mobility. The second encirclement campaign attempt by the NRA had caused the Soviet to grow nearly 5000 square miles. In June the first front Red Army was still in Western Fujian conducting operations. Initially the Reds did not expect the NRA to initiate a third encirclement campaign so quickly after their failure. The Rds had planned a 3 phase expansion operation in the meantime. Its first phase would encompass political mobilization in Jianning, Taining and Lichuan; the second phase involved marching back into southern Jiangxi to consolidate strength in the rear area; the last phase would send the Red Army back to its original base area focusing on the western Gan River area to try and connect the Jiangxi Soviet with the Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet.  The Red army were beginning to receive intelligence reports stating the NRA were beginning to move towards Jiangxi. In response to this the Central Committee issued advice in June of 1931 to counter the new encirclement campaign. They basically just adopted Mao Zedong's strategy used in the first two campaigns. They argued it was essential to politically mobilize local populaces and support small guerilla units to perform attacks on the NRA forces and prevent them from gaining a stable foothold in the area. They also advocated for the consolidation of the Soviets in the area, this being the Henan-Hubei-Anhui Soviet, Hunan-Hubei Soviet and northeast Jiangxi Soviet. The ultimate goal was to link them all up to form a Red Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi area and perhaps even establish communications with some other Soviets in the north. After sending the advice the Central Committee was forced back underground as the KMT unleashed a suppression campaign in Shanghai. It would not be until August 30th when the Central Committee re-established communications with the Soviets, but by that time the encirclement campaign was over. On June 30th, the Red Army got to work preparing defenses. All local militias, Red Guards and guerilla units were activated to conduct delaying actions and defend localities from the NRA advance. The Red Army, roughly 30,000 men strong pulled back inwards into the central base areas in Jiangxi.This was a difficult task as many of them were spread far into western Fujian and southern Jiangxi. After the 2 failed encirclement campaigns, Chiang Kai-Shek had taken notice and personally took over the third campaign. With him came his own troops as he deployed the 5th and 6th NRA divisions to Jiangxi to attack the 1st and 3rd red army corps. Chiang Kai-Sheks entire force consisted of 2 army corps, with another in reserve and one garrison army. Altogether they were 130,000 strong. In late June the NRA forces advanced into the Jiangxi Soviet. By the end of July they had encircled the entire Jiangxi Soviet. Even with the encirclement the local populace continued to support the Red Army, providing supplies and food. On July 31st the Red Army conducted a daring breakthrough from Xingguo, moving west to Wan'an before circling back to Futian to hit the NRA rear. The Red Army managed to escape the encirclement, but while heading to Futian, the NRA discovered what they were doing and quickly reinforced the area and seized Xingguo. On August 3rd the Red Army began occupying the areas near Gaoxing and Laoyingpan. The Red Army conducted a feint in the north using the 35th red Army, 35th division, 12th red army and the 4th and 5th independent divisions to draw the NRA's attention west towards Wan'an. As the NRA advanced the first red army corps began attacking through Longgang and Huangpi. On August 6th the 47th NRA division entered Liantang as the 54th NRA division occupied Huangpi. With only one NRA division occupying Liantang, the Red Army took the advantage and isolated them and attacked. The 3rd, 4th and 12th red armies attacked the lone NRA division, routing it before continuing towards Huangpi to attack the 45th NRA division. The 45th divisions HQ was annihilated in the process and by August 7th, two NRA brigades had been destroyed. The two NRA divisions had suffered more than 1000 casualties, with 3500 men captured and 3000 weapons and 14 artillery pieces lost. The Red Army then focused its attention against the 8th NRA division in Huangpi. On the 11th the 3rd Red army distracted the forces in Longgang with sporadic engagements trying to prevent them from reinforcing Huangpi. Meanwhile the 4th and 12th Red armies combated the 8th NRA division while the 3rd Red Army corps and 7th Red Division maneuvered east to cut off their escape route. Within the rainy and foggy weather the Reds annihilated 4 brigades, resulting in more than 1000 casualties, capturing 4000 prisoners, 3000 weapons, 11 artillery pieces and large ammunition cache. The victories also revealed the location of the main Red forces to the NRA. Chiang Kai-Shek acted by deploying all of his forces to surround the Huangpi area, effectively encircling the Red Army. For over a month the Red Army was under siege. Facing starvation and defeat, Mao Zedong and Zhu De hatched a bold plan to break out of the encirclement. They planned to split their forces, first by disguising the 12th red army as the bulk of their forces, having them advance northeast to attack Le'an and Yihuang. The remainder would then move west and occupy Xingguo. On the night of August the 16th the first front red army, minus the 12th red army silently slipped through a 10 km gap between the 1st and 2nd NRA corps heading towards Xingguo. As soon as elements of the 12th Red Army began attacking Le'An Chiang Kai-Shek pounced on them, deploying the 10th NRA division and 1st and 2nd NRA route armies. For two weeks the NRA chased the 12th Red army up and down mountain ranges. The NRA forces were exhausted and consumed a large part of their supplies, constantly attacked by guerillas. In the meantime the 1st the 3rd red army corps arrived at Xingguo undetected where they refitted and reorganized. By the end of August the NRA realized they had been duped and found out the main bulk of the Reds were at Xingguo. The NRA wheeled around to advance upon them, but just before they could two Guangdong Warlord factions rose up against the KMT, forming a rival government. Fearing an attack against Nanking, Chiang Kai-Shek temporarily lifted the encirclement campaign. As the NRA forces pulled away, the Red's attempted to exploit the situation.  On September 7th, the 3rd Red army and 5th independent red division attacked the 4th NRA corps at Laoyingpan, capturing 2000 men, 2000 weapons and 10 artillery pieces. On the 13th the 7th red army encircled the 4th NRA corps at Fangshiling mountain range while they were trying to retreat to Ji'an. In the process the Reds destroyed the 52nd NRA division and a brigade of the 9th NRA division. With that they captured 5000 prisoners, 4500 rifles and 200 horses. These victories however would be overshadowed by a major defeat at Gaoxing. On that same day the 4th Red Army and 3rd Red army corps were coordinating an assault against the first NRA corps. Based on poor intelligence, the Red Army misjudged their strength resulting in a bloody stalemate. By the end of the encirclement campaign the NRA had suffered greatly. The Reds had destroyed 17 NRA brigades, nearly 30,000 casualties. The Reds losses were quite heavy as well and compromised their position. Yet after these 3 failed encirclement campaigns the Jiangxi Soviet stood at 50,000 square kilometers, encompassing 28 counties in Hunan, Jiangxi and Fujian.  I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Thus the Reds had survived 3 brutal encirclement campaigns. Even when Chiang Kai-Shek took notice and personally directed his own forces to quell the Red menace, they simply slipped through his hands. Mao Zedong's strategies were working and further boosting his standing amongst his comrades.  

Description: Mainstream media has a lot to account for in 2024, but go back 90 years, and prestigious publications have often failed to see when things were so clearly wrong. In 1930s Germany, many journalists downplayed Adolf Hitler's ascension to power, with the New York Times writing “There is no warrant for immediate alarm…The more violent parts of his alleged program he has himself in recent months been softening down or abandoning.” But one young British journalist who, seeing what was happening, quit his job with The London Times and founded The Week, a newsletter that became famous for its opposition to fascism and the Western powers that were enabling it. His name was Claud Cockburn, and he's the subject of a newly-released biography by his son, Patrick Cockburn, “Believe Nothing Until It Is Officially Denied: Claud Cockburn and the Invention of Guerrilla Journalism,” out now via Verso Books. Patrick is an award-winning journalist himself, with a long expertise in the Middle East. And Patrick is Laura Flanders' uncle; Claud is her grandfather. How did mainstream media miss what Claud knew about the rise of Nazis, and how did his guerilla journalism make an impact? And why is Claud's story so relevant now? All that, plus a commentary from Laura.Guest: Patrick Cockburn, Journalist, and author including “Believe Nothing Until It Is Officially Denied:  Claud Cockburn and the Invention of Guerrilla Journalism”, Verso Books. Watch the broadcast episode cut for time at our YouTube channel and airing on PBS stations across the country Note- Full Conversation Release:  While our weekly shows are edited to time for broadcast on Public TV and community radio, we offer to our members and podcast subscribers the full uncut conversation.  The following is from our episode "Patrick & Claud Cockburn: A Legacy of Guerilla Journalism Against Media Complacency."    These audio exclusives are made possible thanks to our member supporters. Become a supporting member at https://LauraFlanders.org/Donate Related Laura Flanders Show Episodes:•  Stephanie Flanders on A Trump Economy & What to Watch in The Ultimate Election Year, Watch / Podcast: Abridged, Uncut Conversation•  Arundhati Roy: Freedom, Fascism, Fiction and the Pandemic Portal, Watch/ Podcast:  Abridged, Uncut Conversation• Laura's Commentary, F-Word:  Bodies, Borders, Resistance, Rebirth:  Arundhati Roy, Podcast•  Patrick Cockburn on Syria, Watch Related Articles and Resources:• Opinion:  Is Trump a fascist?  Probably - but not like those of the 30s, by Patrick Cockburn, November 9 2024, iNews• Opinion:  Netanyahu knows the US can't restrain him now, by Patrick Cockburn, October 2, 2024, iNews•  Most political disasters are overstated - not this one, by Patrick Cockburn, November 6, 2024, iNews Full Episode Notes are located HERE. They include related episodes, articles, and more. Laura Flanders and Friends Crew: Laura Flanders, along with Sabrina Artel, Jeremiah Cothren, Veronica Delgado, Erika Harley, Janet Hernandez, Jeannie Hopper, Sarah Miller, Nat Needham, David Neuman, and Rory O'Conner. FOLLOW Laura Flanders and FriendsInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/lauraflandersandfriends/Twitter: https://twitter.com/LFAndFriendsFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/LauraFlandersAndFriends/Tiktok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lauraflandersandfriendsYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFLRxVeYcB1H7DbuYZQG-lgLinkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/lauraflandersandfriendsPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/lauraflandersandfriendsACCESSIBILITY - The broadcast edition of this episode is available with closed captioned by clicking here for our YouTube Channel

Last time we spoke about the Central Plains War. Chiang Kai-Shek faced a formidable anti-Chiang coalition led by Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, and Li Zongren. Zhang Xueliang, initially absent, worked tirelessly from Mukden to prevent Northern warlords from joining the coalition. The conflict, exacerbated by severe famine in Shaanxi that fueled unrest, saw major battles as Chiang's forces clashed with the anti-Chiang fronts across multiple railways. Despite initial setbacks, Chiang's strategic maneuvers and alliances, including a pivotal deal with Zhang Xueliang, gradually turned the tide. The Young Marshal's entry into the fray and the subsequent defections from Feng Yuxiang's camp weakened the anti-Chiang forces. By October, the anti-Chiang leaders, overwhelmed and isolated, sought peace. The Central Plains War, a grueling seven-month struggle, ended with the anti-Chiang factions disbanding, leaving China's civil war landscape dramatically altered. Within the vacuum, the CCP was thriving, but now the Generalissimo could direct his full attention on the Red Menace.   #125 From the Jinggangshan Mountains to the Jiangxi Soviet Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. The last time we were talking about the CCP, they had performed the Nanchang uprising, Autumn Harvest Uprisings and the Guangzhou uprising. These all did not go very well and literally saw the surviving CCP forces fleeing for their lives into the mountains. Their experiences during these uprisings reinforced the idea they required a strong military force to push forward a new agrarian-based communist revolution. To develop such conditions favoring a revolution, Mao Zedong and Zhu De adapted the Red Army and CCP policies to the local conditions in order to recruit, sustain and retain loyal troops and build a relationship between the army, local populaces and party.  After the collapse of the Harvest Autumn Uprisings, the Red Army scattered into the rural parts of China. Mao Zedong himself narrowly escaped capture by the NRA, as he made his way to Sanwan of Jiangxi province. Countless were killed, arrested or deserted. Less than 1000 Red soldiers remained from the original uprising force. Moral was law, there lacked direction, there existed conflicting loyalties and many blamed Mao Zedong for the failings. In order to counteract this, Mao Zedong held a conference on September 29th of 1927 whereupon he implemented a series of radial policies to stave off an implosion. He began streamlining the command structure, instituted political representatives within each unit to instill revolutionary spirit within the troops. A political cell was established in each squad, a branch at company levels and a party committee at the battalion and regiment level. Next he established troop soviets within the units to provide a form of democratic centralism within the units. Additional he began spinning the narrative in his own favor, shifting blame for the failed uprisings to the collective poor understanding of the revolutionary course within China, rather than upon her leadership. Now initially a large part of the Red Army wanted to return to their hometown of Anyuan, but the local military presence was too strong there. Another option was needed and quickly as they had many sick and wounded amongst their ranks. They looked to the nearby Jinggang Mountain Area as a temporary fix. Many of Mao Zdong's former Peasant Movement Training students knew the area well. Jinggangshan meaning “well ridge mountain”, derived its name from the 5 villages around its main city of Ciping: Big Well, Middle Well, Little Well, Upper Well, and Lower Well. The mountain is situated in the Luoxian range, straddling the border between Jiangxi and Hunan. It also happens to be a place where 4 counties converge: Lingxian, Suichuan, Ninggang and Yongxin. Surrounding it were factional and political enemies, thus preventing most provincial forces from really coordinating efforts or massing against them. The terrain provided ample defensive obstacles. It also stood in the midpoint between Changsha, Nanchang and Guangdong, offering the Red Army flexibility to try and finish the uprisings they started in those locations. Given the weak state the Red Army was in, it would not be feasible to occupy Jinggangshan by force. Jinggangshan was controlled by two bandit leaders named Yuan Weicai and Wang Zuo. Mao Zedong was forced to negotiate with the two to come to an arrangement. The CCP was of course concerned about the trustworthiness of the two bandit leaders. At an early meeting in Gucheng, some CCP members of the front committee doubted the revolutionary character of Yuan and Wang, believing them to only be bandits at heart. Mao Zedong on the other hand argued the two leaders and their loyal followers were crucial to the communist movement. I would argue Mao Zedong was grasping at straws.  As for Yuan and Wang, their primary concerns were the impact of a new military force affecting the regional balance of power. In essence the mountain areas outside the major cities had a complex power dynamic. Bandits and local elites maintained the status quo, any change to that power dynamic could lead to problems. There was also an ethnicity issue. Jinggangshan was considered something of a Hakka ancestral land, and the Han settlers amongst them were more like guests. There always remained a Hakka-Han tension, and this prompted Hakka to vet any Hans coming in. Mao first convinced Yuan how a partnership would be mutually beneficial. In exchange for food, housing and local support the Red Army would provide weapons, training and support Yuan and Wang's operations. Mao presented Yuan with a gift of 100 rifles to sweeten him over. Mao then made a similar gesture to Wang, sending him 70 rifles. The two bandit leaders let the Red Army right in. Upon arriving, the Red Army began conducting guerilla operations and peasant mobilization. On October 7th, 1927 the began activity in Maoping and moved to Ciping. While marching they passed through Lingixan and Shuikou villages, attacking the local elites and their militias, freeing prisoners in jails and holding mass rallies to recruit. On the 22nd they reached Dafen, where they were ambushed by a local militia. Using their knowledge of the terrain the militia inflicted severe casualties, forcing the Red Army to retreat towards Wang Zuo for aid. Wang Zuo was wary of them, but Mao Zedong won him over by promising more weapons and training for his bandits. Mao also pledged to support him against his local rivals, one of whom was Xiao Jiabi. Wang's bandits and the Reds joined forces in Dajing and together seized Shimen. Then the Reds arrived in Ciping on October 15th. They quickly seized the city center and within a month's time established a base of operations. The CCP quickly expanded its influence in the surrounding area, preying upon local populations where government control was weak or in flux. By mid November the Red Army dispatched a battalion west to capture Chaling. This success allowed them to further expand into Suichang in January of 1928. In February the Red Army occupied its first major city, Xincheng in Ningang country. Within two months of action the Reds had nearly doubled their territory now occupying portions of 3 counties. For the most part Mao Zedong was left alone because of the political shakeup after the failed uprisings in the larger metropolitan areas. Contact with the provincial and regional CCP community still existed though. Zhou Lu, a member of the southern Hunan special committee heard about the CCP expansion in the mountain areas and came to inspect them. While at Jinggangshan he gave Mao Zedong orders to dispatch his unit to support Zhu De's forces in a uprising about to hit southern Hunan. After the failed Nanchang Uprising, Zhu De took the remnants of his forces and fled into southern Jiangxi and then Fujian where he linked up with a fellow Yunnanese NRA leader, Fan Shisheng. They stayed with Fan Sisheng's unit awhile, but once rumors spread he was harboring Reds they had to go. By January of 1928 they fled for southern Hunan to try and support urban uprisings. Upon arriving, Zhu De's force began augmenting the local peasantry forces and Zhou Lu said he would get Mao Zedong to lend his support. However the uprising never really got its legs. It began in late January, but the urban workers and local populace couldn't rise as expected. Instead local support turned against the communists. Likewise Mao Zedong's men never made it to southern Hunan, he had intentionally dragged his feet on the issue. Instead Mao Zedong focused his attention in central Hunan holding rallies and mobilizing local peasant groups. Thus Zhu De was pounced upon by local warlord groups in Guangdong and Hunan. Zhu De's Red Army engaged the warlord armies as they slowly retreated into Jinggangshan. Zhu De and Mao Zedong would meet in Maoping for a conference. On May 20th, 1928 they agreed to establish the Jinggangshan Special Committee, with Mao Zedong as its general secretary. Additionally the 4th Red Army was created and nicknamed the Ironsides Army. The 4th Red Army was roughly 12,000 men strong consisting of Zhu De's Nanchang uprising force, now designated the 28th regiment, Mao Zedongs Autumn Uprising force now designated the 31st regiment, Yuan Wencai and Wang Zuo's bandits, later designated the 32nd regiment and the Hunan uprising force now designed the 29th regiment. Zhu De's arrival also brought in a traditional military mindset, adding some more professionalism to the Red Army. Here Zhu De also made a famous quote “When the enemy advances, we retreat; when the enemy halts and encamps, we harass them; when the enemy seeks to avoid battle, we attack; and when the enemy retreats, we pursue”. This statement would guide much of the Red Army's actions going forward. The increase in communist numbers brought unwanted attention immediately from Jiangxi and Hunan forces. The first major military campaign against the Reds began in May of 1928 and was led by Zhu Peide wielding Jiangxi provincial military units. The campaign was based out of Yongxin with the Jiangxi government unleashing the 27th division. One regiment garrisoned at Yongxin was held as reserve while the division sent another regiment to attack the Red Army stronghold in Nanchang and another regiment flanked to the east. The Reds countered by stationing a regiment in the mountains to protect the base, another regiment to defend the mountain passes and 2 regiments to conduct spoiling attacks on the Jiangxi regiments flank. The Red Army was able to destroy the flanking unit, forcing them to retreat back to Yongxin. They pursued them to Yongxin, destroying its garrison regiment in the process. The Red Army then maneuvered to the rear of the Jiangxi division pushing them to pull back to Ji'an. Thus the Reds occupied Yongxin where they went to work establishing a worker-peasant government, expanding the Soviet across the county.  A second encirclement campaign was unleashed in late MAy, with the same Jiangxi 27th division leading the action. This time they were reinforced as they quickly recaptured Yongxin and began cautiously pursuing the Reds into the mountains. The Reds tried to exploit the terrain for guerilla warfare but was met with little success. The Red 28th regiment was soon forced to help distressed red forces at Chaling county. However the Jiangxi Division did not account for the Red Army's mobility. The Red 31st regiment quickly assumed the 28th regiments former defensive positions offering a stiff fight against the Jiangxi forces. When the 28th regiment returned to reinforce the 31st they hit the enemy's rear and advanced upon Yongxin again while the Jiangxi forces pulled back to Ji'an again.  Another encirclement campaign was unleashed the following June this time seeing Jiangxi and Hunanese forces work together against the Reds. The Jiangxi 9th division was deployed in combination with the remaining 2 regiment of the 27th Jiangxi division. The Jiangxi forces performed a frontal attack through the mountain passes using 3 regiments. Meanwhile the Red Army had to perform a feint attack in the east to occupy a Hunanese division. The Red Army deployed a battalion augmented by local guerilla groups along the western flank of the mountain passes. Guerilla attacks on the eastern flank of the Jiangxi forces caused the commander to maintain 2 regiments at Yongxin. Exploiting the mountain terrain the Red Army managed to destroy one regiment as they funneled up the passes. This small victory brought much needed arms and new soldiers who quickly recaptured Yongxin for a third time.  By the end of June, the Jinggangshan base had basically hit its apex in terms of size. They now controlled Ninggang, Yongxin, Lianhua counties and parts of Ji'an and Anfu. At this point Chiang Kai-Shek took notice of the Red gains and directed a new campaign against them. Another series of campaigns were unleashed seeing Hunanese and Jiangxi armies attack the 4th Red Army beginning in July 1928. The Hunan 8th Army began their attack from the west through Ninggang while the Jianxi army unleashed 11 regiments from the 3rd and 6th armies through Yongxin against the eastern border of Jinggangshan. To meet this threat the Reds kept 2 regiments to defend the bases while the 28th and 29th regiments advanced west to slip behind the Hunanese forces to conduct raids against their rear. Meanwhile local Red Army militia forces began a scorched earth strategy removing all food, poisoning water sources and evacuating villagers to deny their enemy. The Hunan 8th army was forced to retreat in the face of this, allowing the Reds to focus on the Jiangxi forces around Yongxin. The 28th and 29th regiments advanced west to support the attack against the Jiangxi forces, but then suddenly turned south towards southern Hunan, citing orders to assist the Southern Hunan Special Committee. Then these 2 regiments attacked the city of Chenzhou, roughly 200 kms away from the Jinggangshan mountains. There they defeated local forces. Afterwards the Red troops began strolling through the streets of Chenzhou as civilians, many of them had families in the area. Some began looting the area. They had made the egregious error of now pursuing their enemy further and gave them too much respite to reorganize themselves. The local forces counterattacked driving the 28th regiment to withdraw with little casualties. The 29th regiment fared much worse, being ambushed trying to retreat over the only bridge leading in Chengzhou. They suffered heavy casualties and many of their surviving forces simply joined the 28th regiment as a result. Meanwhile with the 2 regiments gone from the mountain, the NRA forces were emboldened. 3 Hunanese regiment joined 11 Jiangxi regiments to attack the Jinggangshan mountains. The remaining Reds employed every tactic they knew to survive. They began giving up terrain as the enemy penetrated closer to the mountain base. The 31st and 32nd regiments found themselves retreating to the protection of higher ground, where the established defensive positions along key routes to maximize casualties upon the invaders. Mao Zedong took a battalion from the 3st regiment south to escort the incoming 28th regiment, further weakening the lines. Meanwhile guerillas raided the flanks and rear of the advancing NRA forces heading up the mountain. After repeated failed attempts to get to the peaks of the mountains,the Jiangxi and Hunanese forces ultimately had to withdraw come September allowing the 28th regiment to safely get back to Jinggangshan. From there the Red Army contuined to fight and recapture lost territory. By October they retook Ninggang county and portions of Suichuang, Lixing and Yongxin, but were unable to reclaim everything they once had.  Another campaign coincided with an economic blockade and the arrival of General Peng Dehaui's 5th Army. The Jiangxi and Hunanese forces adopted blockade tactics, normally employed against bandits, to try and deprive the Reds from using markets in the lowlands. Starting in the fall of 1928, NRA and local militias established checkpoints along all routes and trails leading into the Jinggangshan mountains. Local private armies with troops familiar with the area conducted interdiction patrols to capture anyone trying to get past blockades. The blockade halted most local trade, meaning little medicine, clothing, food or salt was getting into Janggangshan. The Reds began subsisting on sweet potatoes and pumpkins, then Peng Dehuais 5th army arrived in December worsening the burden on the area. Simulteanously NRA forces from Fujian were added to the Jiangxi and Hunanese to fully surround the mountains in preparation for a offensive.  In the face of all of this the 4th Red Army's leadership convened a conference at Bailu. The attendees all were trying to figure out how to overcome the situation but their options were very limited. Many called for the same tactics that had been winning them the battles as before. Some called for withdrawing to a safer area momentarily and launch a counterattack when the enemy lightened up. The economic blockade exacerbated the civilian military relations in the mountains and it seemed the local populace was no longer willing to help the Reds. The last option many advocated for was to mount a defense of the mountain range, but this would not allow for any withdrawal route for the 6000 or so troops. Ultimately the adoptd a hybrid solution. The 4th army would break through the blockade to try and draw forces away from the mountains while also obtaining supplies. The 5th army who were pretty battered from their march would defend mountains and base. On January 14th of 1929 the 4th army led by Zhu De and Mao Zedong broke through the blockade and headed south into Jiangxi.  The 4th army at first was only meeting light resistance as they captured Suichuan and Shangyu. After this they headed for Dayu, but there found 3 Jiangxi regiments who ambushed them. The Reds were forced north into the Xingguo-Ji'an area. They marched 30 days, often 30 miles per day to avoid their pursuers, while taking casualties and losing equipment. They found themselves at Dabaidi village on February 10th where 2 regiments of the 15th NRA division fought them. The Reds routed the NRA forces and even captured the two regimental commanders alongside 800 soldiers and their equipment. This victory earned the 4th army a safe place to rest up for quite some time. As we saw in the former episodes, the Chiang-Gui and Central Plains War engulfed Chiang Kai-Sheks attention, giving the Reds some breathing space. During this period, Mao Zedong and Zhu De expanded that is referred to as the Jiangxi Soviet. They did so through a series of campaigns into western Fujian. In February 1929 the 4th army incorporated 2 independent guerilla regiments and used them to occupy Ji'an, Ningdu and Ruijin. In March they entered western Fujian and captured Tingzhou. At Tingzhou the Reds got 3000 NRA soldiers to defect. From Tingzhou they expanded the Jiangxi Soviet to encompass over 20 counties in Jiangxi and Fujian. In light of their major accomplishments, Mao Zedong dispatched word to the Central Committee proclaiming all they had done in Jiangxi and Fujian. In May the Red Army unleashed a second campaign into western Fujian, this time capturing Longyan and Yongding. With every successful campaign the Red Army recruits more soldiers, obtained more equipment, more territory and acquired further fundings sources.  The early days of the Jiangxi Soviet were quite chaotic. Despite the Red Army's expansion, in reality they were not a unified force. Numerous factions with their own ideologies existed. The Red Army was an amalgamation of different groups coming together less so of a common goal, more so out of survival. Many of the soldiers were former peasants, but there were also former NRA troops, warlord troops and bandits. The traditions of these different groups, coupled with a lack of education in the rural areas creating a boiling pot of bad behaviors and this hurt morale. To accommodate this the Red Army made itself extremely flexible in the early days. In the early days it was only about survival. Mao Zedong and Zhu De recognized the fact, in a conventional battle the Red Army stood no chance against even a Warlord Army, let alone the NRA. Thus the 4th army created a new political-military strategy within the rural areas to protect and grow the revolution. The first part of the strategy adopted by Mao Zedong was making alliances. It was a no brainer, increase numbers, gain more legitimacy, learn more about local areas, keep expanding. Yet the Central Committee frowned upon being too open to alliance, like with lets say, bandits? In 1928 a resolution from the CCP 6th Party Congress called for expelling bandits from the Red Army, but this obviously ran counter to everything going on in Jinggangshan. To remedy this, Mao Zedong simply did not comply and vetoed any plans made against the bandit leaders such as Yuan and Wang. The second strategy was adapting communist policies to local conditions. Contrary to the CCP guidance of attacking landlords and rich peasants, the Red Army tended to just attack those disliked by the local community. They often would avoid attacking popular landlords or rich peasants because it could endanger local support. Instead they would use propaganda and negotiations to win over such popular figures. Yet over time the strategies changed from survival to expansion. Mao Zedong described the CCP expansion to come in a series of waves. He believed a systematic development of rural Soviets was an effective way to encircle cities and create the conditions necessary for revolution.  To survive and expand the Red Army had to create a new way to fight their superior enemies. A famous slogan “the enemy advances, we retreat”, became doctrine quickly. The Red Army combined mobile warfare, guerilla warfare and propaganda against their rival the KMT. During the Jingangshan and Jiangxi Soviet period, guerilla warfare was the mainstay. It's purpose was not to gain victory, but to gain time, so the CCP could continue growing. The Red Army in Jinggangshan and Jiangxi focused on small-unit tactics, emphasizing scouting, patrolling, ambushing, mobility and so on. Most guerilla units were local militia units trained by Red Army officers, many of whom were also political leaders. They always sought to meet the enemy via ambush, during a raid, a feint attack or attacks to the rear and flank. Yet the Red Army did often find itself facing those like the NRA in conventional warfare. For these engagements it tended to be done only by the professional Red Army units. A major issue facing the Reds was logistics. They were guests in most of the areas they occupied and had to abide by the local customs. They also could not consume all the local resources in an area, it would hinder growth and foster resentment. Thus the Red Army had to make sure they gained as much as possible from battle. The capture of Tingzhou in 1929 was essentially an economic choice. There the Red Army captured 2 arsenals and a clothing factory. The Red Army also focused strongly on propaganda. Early on propaganda teams were created, each assigned 5 soldiers. These teams had one oratory section and one product section. The oratory section was responsible for spreading propaganda in village markets, centers and halls. The products section was responsible for creating propaganda products. They would go around towns placing up signs and banners to increase awareness. Typically in a month the propaganda teams would hold a large mass rally in the center part of town to vie for local support. They would try to tailor their messaging to meet the local needs. These efforts would help recruitment, elicit support and differentiate them from the run of the mill bandits. If the conditions became ripe and a local populace was sufficiently agitated by social inequalities, the Red Army leaders would make a call for action to topple the local government and push the people to create their own. The Red Army was very careful on who to replace in such situations as the local leadership typically proved useful at transitioning. The Red Army had a selective way of executing key leaders who would be the most troublesome towards their communist needs.  When a new local government sprung up, the CCP would entice everyone to join the Red Army. This saw people join different parts of the Red Army. For teenagers there was the communist youth organization which was basically a feeder unit into the Red Army. The Red Guard was a local militia group that protected the community and supplemented the Red Army when needed. Those who proved themselves capable could join the Red Army proper. The Red Army instituted a series of organizational changes to establish loyalty to the CCP and allow for a dispersion of forces. Initially the Red Army applied the Russian Soviet and NRA models, but changes were necessary to meet local conditions. When the 4th Red Army captured Sanwan, Mao Zedong established party rule over the army by using party representatives and soldier soviets. The party representatives and army leaders held equal footing, allowing for both to have greater oversight into the issues and concerns of the other. It was commonplace in Warlord armies and the NRA for soldiers to be abused. This quasi democratization allowed soldiers to have a greater voice. On June 22nd of 1929 the 4th Red Army held their 7th representative congress in Longyan. Mao Zedong spoke much of party control over the military, ruffling a lot of feathers and would contribute to his failure at becoming the Front Committee secretary General that year. In the wake of that loss, Mao Zedong departed for Fujian to assist the mass mobilization going on over there whence he became quite ill. During that period, Chen Yi representing the 4th Red Army in Shanghai reported to the Central Committee. Based on his reports they authorized political communist control over the Red Army units. At least vindicated that his ideas were accepted, Mao Zedong attended the 9th Representative Congress in Gutian county of Fujian. Here he would issue a famous statement “On the Rectification of Incorrect Ideas in the Party” . It outlined his views on the Red Army and what needed to be improved. That same conference gave a platform to Mao Zedong and Zhu De to push for further centralization of power within the Red Army. The Red Army had suffered numerous casualties, desertions and received numerous new recruits. Because of this Mao Zedong believed the military structure needed change. There was also the issue of factionalism within the Red Army. Mao Zedong believed more educated and centralized control would help maintain the unity of the armed forces.  In December of 1929 a conference was held in Gutian seeing more initiatives adopted to help consolidate military power under party control. The Red Army adopted the political commissariat system from the Soviet Red Army, placing greater control of the army into the hands of the political commissar. The political commissar had political training, but did not have the same power over political operations. The introduction of former KMT and NRA members into the Red Army increased a need for more political indoctrination. Alongside this the Gutian Conference reiterated the equality amongst soldiers and civilians. Mao Zedong and Zhu De understood the important role of military training for the Red Army. Two major groups of soldiers already had formal training, former NRA and graduates of the Peasant movement training institute. Many of these men were lost in the initial battles however leading the Red Army to be filled with peasants with little to any combat experience. Another issue was the Red Guards lacking any experience, requiring Red Officers to be pulled from front lines to help them out. By developing a competent and trained local force, this further allowed the Red Army to advance outside its borders and expand.  With a lack of discipline a lot of property damage became common. To combat this, Mao Zedong initially instituted three disciplines in 1927 (1) obey orders in all your actions; (2) don't take anything from the workers and peasants; and (3) when attacking the local bullies, turn over whatever you take from them. This was expanded further into 8 by 1930 (1) Put back the doors [you have taken down for bed boards]; (2) put back the straw [you have used for bedding]; (3) pay fairly for what you buy; (4) return everything you borrow; and (5) pay for anything you damage. Mao and Zhu later added two more points of attention: (7) defecate only in latrines, and (8) do not steal from captives. The purpose of such rules was two-fold, to curb reckless soldierly behavior and to not piss off local communities.  Yet discipline alone does not guarantee success in war. The 4th Army held many senior leaders who had trained at Baoding, Whampoa and the Yunnan military schools. But at the lower levels the military experience was quite uneven. The Red Army needed to create a universal standard. Mao Zedong established the first training unit, the 31st regiment training units in December of 1927 at the Longjiang academy in the Jingangshan mountains. Zhu De and Chen Yi would create similar units. Once in Jiangxi the Red Army established mobile schools that accompanied the forces to the front lines. The pressure from the KMT led encirclement campaigns made it impossible to implement a normal education system. While schools were important, for many soldiers the only way to learn was from doing. Sometimes conditions did not allow for the training, and the students were thrust into combat immediately. Mao stated “to learn warfare through warfare—this is our chief method.” However many of the new recruits and junior leaders never received formal education and found classes and training boring. To retain interest, practical exercises were used. By the beginning of 1930, the 4th Red Army had expanded from Jinggangshan to Jiangxi, Hunan and Fujian. Additionally 7 other Soviets were established in the interior of China, demonstrating the viability of the CCP model. For a large part it was the efforts of Mao Zedong and Zhu De that allowed the CCP to thrive. However major issues loomed externally and internally. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Mao Zedong had forged a seed in the Jinggangshan mountains the would grow into the base of a new 4th Red Army. Forming alliances with local groups and adopting new innovative strategies to survive allowed the 4th Red Army to expand and with it Mao Zedong's career. Yet externally and internally enemies lay everywhere.