Podcasts about lignite

This show has been flagged as Clean by the host. -------------------- 01 Introduction This is the second follow up to my 8 part series on nuclear power. In this episode I will attempt to answer a question posed by brian in ohio in a comment on HPR4583. In that comment he said: 02 -------------------- Loving this series. Maybe Whiskey Jack could give some cost comparisons between large and small reactors. He could also give us a realistic look at nuclear plant safety/accidents compared to conventional power production. Looking forward to the episode on FORTH generation reactors ;-) -------------------- 03 End of quote. The first question I answered in my previous follow up, which was HPR4628. In this episode I will attempt to answer the second question, which was about the safety of nuclear power compared to other sources of electrical power generation. One of the HPR janitors encouraged me to make this episode, so I think we can thank him for getting another HPR episode made. 04 Defining the Scope First, let's define the scope of the question. This will cover electrical power generation only. Within that scope I will consider only the following sources of energy. 05 Coal Oil Natural Gas Hydroelectric Nuclear Wind Solar I won't cover geothermal, wave, or tidal power as these are only used in very small amounts and so there simply isn't enough literature on them to base a discussion on . 06 Foreshadow Conclusion I should mention right away that I cannot provide absolute answers to this question in the form of a nice, neat ranking table based on numbers from peer reviewed scientific sources. The reasons for this will become apparent, but to put it briefly, the data on which to base such a ranking simply doesn't exist. I will however provide context within which people can think about the issue. Wherever possible, I will provide links to the references that I used in the show notes so you can read further on this yourself. -------------------- 07 Energy Catastrophism versus Energy Uniformitarianism First though I need to go off on a slight geological detour in order to explain an important analogy that I will use. 08 In the 19th century there was a great debate among geologists over what is known as catastrophism versus uniformitarianism. In seeking to explain the origins of the earth and of the landscape that we see around us, there were two points of view. 09 One was "catastrophism". This is the belief that the mountains, valleys, and plains that we see around us were formed as a result of great catastrophes which occurred relatively recently in earth's history. This explanation was necessary in order to fit geological features into an earth that was believed to be only a few thousands of years old. This view was heavily influenced by religious belief. In this view Noah's flood was the great catastrophe and the fossils of dinosaurs were the remains of animals who had not been saved on the ark and so had died in the flood. 10 The other point of view was uniformitarianism. This was the hypothesis that the landscape we see around us can be explained by the very slow accumulation of very small changes over very long periods of time. For this to be true however, the earth had to be far older than the few thousand years that a literal reading of the bible would suggest. The earth in fact had to be many, many, millions of years old. 11 Eventually, the uniformitarian view won out and people understood that while some catastrophes can take place, the shape of the landscape is overwhelmingly due to small changes over very long periods of time. 12 How is this Relevant to this Episode You Ask? How this is relevant is that I will use this analogy to explain how we need to think about energy and safety. Very small numbers of deaths and injuries multiplied over many occurrences can add up to big numbers, comparable in scale or possibly even larger than a single catastrophe or even several of them. 13 I don't know if anyone else has used this analogy before, I have just thought of this when writing the script for this podcast. None the less, I think it is a very useful way of helping to understand the issues. 14 As an example of this, think about the well known case of the safety of flying versus the safety of travelling in your car. Air crashes are catastrophes that make the headlines. Automobile crashes are seldom more than local news at best. You have probably heard many times the claim that if you making a trip somewhere, you are safer to fly than to drive yourself in your car. 15 Example - Hydro versus Solar I will now present an example of this. Hydro electric power has some notable large scale catastrophes associated with it. Roof top solar power does not have any notable catastrophes that I am aware of. However, which is safer? 16 Hydro Catastrophes Here are three examples of hydro electric catastrophes in just one country, Italy. The Vajont Dam which collapsed in1963 An estimated 1,917 to 2,500 people died. The Sella Zerbino dam which collapsed in 1935. More than 100 people died. The Gleno Dam which collapsed in 1923. An estimated 350 people died. https://damfailures.org/ https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4997708/ 17 I haven't tried to compile a global list of the worst hydro electric dam collapses, as this sort of information is actually very difficult to find, even on web sites dedicated to dam failures. An additional problem is that information on whether a dam was used for electric power generation or not is often not available. 18 Dam failures where contradictory or insufficient information is available on whether there was an associated hydro power plant include the 1975 Banqian Dam failure, where death estimates range up to a quarter of a million. 19 Solar Panel Slow Accumulation Contrast this with roof top solar panels. Many small accidents can add up to big numbers as well. 20 Health and safety literature discussing solar panel safety mention things such as Falls from roofs. Electric shock. Arc flash (burns from electrical arcing). Normal electrical safety procedures which are based around locking out sources of energy do not work with solar panels which makes safety more difficult. Heat stress due to working exposed in the hot sun. Warning from US government on falls by solar panel installers. https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/228946 https://www.osha.gov/green-jobs/solar 21 Why We Cannot Compare the Two Hydro catastrophes are not well documented, but we can at least find records of some of the most notable ones. However, even those have very large variations in estimates of deaths. 22 Roof top solar deaths however are largely undocumented. The industry is largely unregulated. There is no central authority which accumulates many individual deaths or injuries. At best there are worker and public safety bodies who simply accumulate those statistics into general construction or household injuries. 23 Thus we have no reliable means of comparing the two energy sources on a comparable basis. We face the same problem with all other major electrical energy sources. So far as I am aware, there are no peer reviewed scientific studies which compare the relative safety of all of the major electrical energy sources we are considering here based on actual numbers. -------------------- 24 Safety Risks I will now try to list some the major hazards for each of energy sources we are considering. There is however limited data available. In many cases we just have reference to worker safety organizations as to what the hazards are. I will not attempt here to put numbers to these here. Categories 25 Coal, Oil, Natural Gas The hazards are Air pollution Mining and oil field accidents Pipeline explosions Transportation accidents. These- move a lot of material so these are significant. 26 Hydroelectric These include Dam collapse Drowning 27 Nuclear These include Radiation exposure 28 Wind These include Falls Confined space deaths (there is not much detail on this) Electric shock Ice throws (that is, throwing pieces of ice off the blades) This technology has a significant problem with people working alone which greatly increases risks associated with other dangers. 29 Solar These include Falls Electric shock Arc flash Heat stress 30 I have not tried to cover all possible risks associated with each category, just the ones which each industry considers to be the risks they concern themselves with. There does not exist any means by which risks of similar types are compared across different industries. 31 Reliability of Supply is Also Safety In a completely electrified net zero society, reliability of supply is a safety matter. People will die in very large numbers in cold climates if they do not have heat. If we have no fossil fuels, we need to also consider how reliably does a grid based on any of the options work. I have not seen anyone attempt to address this question and will not attempt to address it here. However, it must be addressed in any comprehensive attempt to rank safety. -------------------- 32 Studies or Articles on Estimates of Relative Safety Despite the difficulties of comparing the safety of different sources of energy, some people have attempted this anyway. Different estimates done at different times had different focuses, so unfortunately we do not have a nice set of studies that we can neatly use to cross check one another. I will however list the names and the authors and summarize the results. -------------------- 33 The Health Hazards of Not Going Nuclear By Dr. Petr Beckman Published in 1976 The author of this book tried to address the relative safety of different sources of energy in the mid 1970s. However, it is old at this point, so I won't bother digging through its pages to find his figures. 34 He mainly focused on comparing electric power generated with coal to nuclear. His conclusion was that if the goal was to prevent deaths or ill health in the process of generating electricity, then the logical conclusion was to replace coal fired power plants with nuclear. 35 The book was relatively well known at the time, as least as far as books on energy are concerned, so I thought it was still worth mentioning. I happen to have a copy of this book which I bought back in that time period It was the 8th printing of the book, so it would appear to have had relatively good sales. 36 The author did address the issue of what I have termed "catastrophism" in his comparison of different energy sources, although I don't know if he used this phrase. I don't know if he was the first to use this sort of analysis, but he certainly was very influential in terms of popularizing it. -------------------- 37 Risk of Energy Production by Herbert Inhaber Publication AECB 1119 March 1978 This study is a scientific paper from the same time period as the book "The Health Hazards of Not Going Nuclear". 38 He based his risk estimates largely on estimates of the amount of material which was used in the construction and operation of various power sources. While we could argue over whether or not this is a valid methodology, I think any such argument would be pointless as I think the age of the study alone renders it not relevant today anyway. Advancements in materials have changed the basis results significantly by now. However, as it exists I thought I would mention it to show that the idea of comparing energy sources to each other is not a new one. The author compared a wider variety of potential sources than Beckman did. 39 Here's his conclusions. He assumes equal amounts of energy produced by each method. The numbers are normalized such that the total sums to 100%. You can think of it in terms of what proportion of total deaths or injuries would result from each source if each were equally used. 40 Coal 27.5% Oil 25.6% Methanol 16.7% Wind 10.8% Solar photovoltaic 9.2% Thermal 8.1% Solar space heating 1.5% Ocean thermal 0.4% Nuclear 0.13% Natural Gas 0.08% 41 His natural gas estimate is drastically different from that of other authors. I am not going to worry about explaining it however, as the study is as I said old enough to be not very relevant anyway. I am mainly including this here out of historical interest. 42 As a footnote, the methanol he refers to would be synthesized from wood. This was a popular idea in that era as a means of providing liquid fuels for transportation. Practical battery electric cars in those days were strictly science fiction. 43 The ocean thermal category is a real blast from the past and I had forgotten all about that concept. It was a very popular idea at that time and was supposed to be *the* big and upcoming thing in renewable energy. It involved various means of attempting to extract energy from differences in water temperature at different depths in the ocean. It gradually faded away however, as despite great efforts being put into it, designs never proved to be practical. -------------------- 44 Electricity generation and health Anil Markandya, Paul Wilkinson Published in the Lancet, Vol 370, 15 September 2007 45 This is more recent than the previous one, although it is nearly 20 years old at this point. Unfortunately it doesn't cover wind or solar, just fossil fuels and nuclear. However it is still useful, and the Lancet is a very reputable peer reviewed journal. 46 I will present just the results rather than discussing the whole paper. The authors break it down into deaths among the public, occupational deaths, and air pollution related deaths, serious illness, and minor illness. 47 They break the energy sources down into lignite, coal, gas, oil, biomass, and nuclear. Lignite is a type of very low grade coal used mainly for electric power generation. In this paper biomass refers to energy crops and forest residues. 48 I will summarize the results by category rather than trying to describe a table that has 6 rows and 5 columns. All numbers are normalized in terms of deaths or cases per TWh. 49 Occupational deaths from accidents lignite 0.1 coal 0.1 gas 0.001 oil no data biomass - no data Nuclear is 0.019. 50 Deaths among the public from accidents lignite 0.02 coal 0.02 gas 0.02 oil 0.03 biomass no data Nuclear 0.003 51 Air pollution deaths lignite 32.6 coal 24.5 gas 2.8 oil 18.4 biomass 4.63 Nuclear 0.052 52 Air pollution serious illnesses lignite 298 coal 225 gas 30 oil 161 biomass 43 Nuclear 0.22 53 Air pollution minor illnesses lignite 17,676 coal 13,288 gas 703 oil 9,551 biomass 2,276 Nuclear no data 54 Natural gas edges out nuclear power slightly in terms of occupational safety, but in every other category nuclear is drastically lower in terms of ill effects than any of the alternatives. -------------------- 55 2020 Fatalities for US Roofers Increased 15% as Solar Roof Installations Increase Published in The Next Big Future July 6, 2021 by Brian Wang 56 This seems to be written by someone who has a popular science blog. I'm not familiar with it personally, but he addresses the subject so I'll list it. The title implies that it's all about rooftop solar, but he provides comparative numbers for the other energy sources of interest, so that is useful for our purposes. However, he doesn't describe his methodology, so we need to treat them with some caution. Here are his results These are deaths per thousand terawatt hours. 57 Coal - 100,000 Oil - 36,000 Natural gas - 4,000 Hydro - 1,400 Rooftop solar - 440 Wind - 150 Nuclear - 90 58 If we plot these numbers on a bar chart, coal and oil are so large that all of the others are squished to the bottom of the chart and are difficult to see at all. Let's therefore look at these in terms of orders of magnitude. Keep in mind that this is a logarithmic scale. This means that the difference between 4 and 5 is much greater in linear terms than the difference between 1 and 2. 59 Coal - 5 Oil - 4 Natural gas - 3 Hydro - 3 Rooftop solar - 2 Wind - 2 Nuclear - 1 60 Each of these numbers represents an order of magnitude, that is a power of ten. We can see that with rooftop solar, wind, and nuclear, the numbers are so close and the uncertainties are so great and their relative values so small compared to say coal that they can be seen as equivalent so far as safety is concerned. -------------------- 61 What are the safest and cleanest sources of energy? by Hannah Ritchie Published in Our World in Data First published in 2017, updated in 2022 and 2024 62 The author of this study addressed both deaths and greenhouse gas emissions. Deaths from accidents and air pollution are normalized to per TWh of electricity, while greenhouse gas emissions are normalized to GWh of electricity over the life cycle of the plant. 63 Here are the death figures. Coal 24.6 Oil 18.4 Biomass 4.6 Natural Gas 2.8 Hydro power 1.3 Wind 0.04 Nuclear 0.03 Solar 0.02 64 For greenhouse gas emissions the figures are Coal 970 tons Oil 720 tons Natural gas 440 tons Biomass 78 to 230 tons Solar 53 tons Hydro power 24 tons Wind 11 tons Nuclear 6 tons 65 If we take the death figures and rank them by order of magnitude as we did with the previous article, we get the following. 66 Coal - 4 Oil - 4 Biomass - 3 Natural Gas - 3 Hydro power - 3 Wind - 1 Nuclear - 1 Solar - 1 67 Keep in mind that the previous article covered only rooftop solar and not large industrial installations, and so is not directly comparable. Also the units are different, with the previous article being in terms of thousand TWh, and this one being in TWh. If we exclude solar (as the numbers are not comparable), Brian Wang's numbers are between 1.5 to 4 times higher than Ritchie's, except for hydro which are almost identical. I think this latter is due to both sets of numbers are dominated by one exceptionally big hydro accident. 68 Overall however, the relative rankings are quite comparable. Ritchie's numbers for deaths from coal, oil, and natural gas appear to be directly from the study by Markandya and Wilkinson mentioned above. For the benefit of those who are wondering, Ritchie specifically states that her numbers for nuclear include the Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents. -------------------- https://www.iaea.org/publications/magazines/bulletin/21-1/solar-power-more-dangerous-nuclear Direct link to file https://www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/magazines/bulletin/bull21-1/21104091117.pdf https://ourworldindata.org/safest-sources-of-energy https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(07)61253-7/abstract https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2021/07/2020-fatalities-for-us-roofers-increased-15-as-solar-roof-installations-increase.html -------------------- 69 Conclusion from Studies Remember that in engineering terms, when comparing groups of numbers which contain both both very small numbers and one or more very large numbers, the differences between the small numbers are often not significant. The differences between the small numbers may be the product of our ability to measure these things rather than any real differences. 70 For example, in the article by Ritchie wind power would appear to be twice as dangerous as nuclear. However, the difference between them is 0.02 compared to 24.6 for coal. In other words, the difference between apparently "dangerous" wind and apparently "safe" nuclear is equivalent to 0.08% of the total for coal. It's therefore meaningless and a red herring to even worry about. 71 With the above taken into consideration, generally the different sources of energy fall into two broad categories in terms of number of deaths, injuries, and illnesses. The fossil fuels and biomass fall into one group and wind, solar, and nuclear into another group. 72 Hydro power would seem to fall into the higher risk category or at least somewhere between the two, but this I suspect is mainly due to one exceptionally large dam collapse in China, the Banqian Dam failure in 1975. This is mentioned as being specifically included in the article written by Ritchie. This was a multi-purpose dam, and information on this dam is difficult to find. It is not clear to me whether it had a hydro electric generator associated with either it or another dam that was part of the same system. 73 Some people therefor may argue for its exclusion from the numbers. Of course some people may argue for its inclusion anyway, as it was a dam regardless of whether it actually had an electric generator attached. If we exclude it, then I think the numbers for hydro power would fall into the same range as for nuclear, wind, and solar. 74 Most people would consider hydro power to be safe and clean enough regardless of this and I will rank it as such in any conclusions that I come to. As you can see, even if we have numbers, it can be a matter of opinion as to how to interpret them. -------------------- -------------------- 75 Taking a Systems Approach Now let's take a look at the broader energy picture today and into the future. Many countries in many parts of the world have committed to the concept of "Net Zero", which means eliminating carbon emissions on a net basis. Net zero essentially means the complete electrification of society. We must therefore have electrical energy on demand and at low cost. We must as a result of this look at complete electrical systems rather than individual sources in isolation. 76 At one time many electrical systems were entirely coal or entirely hydroelectric. This is no longer the case. There are now major amounts of wind and solar involved in many countries. However these are inherently intermittent. This means that other sources of energy are inherently also required to have a functional system. 77 If any particular solution inherently requires fossil fuels to meet part of the demand, then the safety, pollution, and climate issues relating to those fossil fuels have to be factored in to that complete system when trying to come up with a relative ranking. Talking about Individual sources in isolation are therefore meaningless in these countries. 78 There are battery systems, but these are mainly used to stabilize and regulate the grid plus to a lesser degree to smooth out short term daily peaks in demand. They do not have the ability to store large amounts of electricity on a large scale for an entire grid for days, weeks, and months to make up for intermittency. 79 So a serious attempt to rank sources of energy would need to look at a variety of representative countries and for each one come up with a plan that involves 'x' megawatts from source 'a', 'y' megawatts from source 'b', etc., and total up the values for each. 80 I am not aware of anyone who has studied this larger issue. However, the problem has to be addressed from this perspective in order for any answer to be useful. Not taking this into account is like ordering a diet soft drink to go with with a high calorie meal and assuring yourself that your plans to diet are fine. 81 This is not to imply there is anything inherently wrong with wind or solar. It does mean that if your goal is to achieve both net zero and a clean environment, you have to look at your entire energy system as a complete system rather than focusing on what you feel are the most reassuring parts of it while ignoring the rest. This does however add to the argument that it is in fact inherently very difficult to come up with a system of ranking energy sources for safety. -------------------- 82 Nuclear, Climate, and Clean Air - Contrasting Examples To give a tangible example we will now look at two different places that followed two divergent paths at roughly around the same time frame. These are the province of Ontario in Canada, and Germany. 83 Ontario had a mix of coal, hydro electric, and nuclear generating plants. Germany had a mix of coal, nuclear and natural gas plants. Ontario shut down their coal fired plants and kept their nuclear plants. Germany however shut down their nuclear plants and kept their coal fired plants. 84 The Phase Out of Coal in Ontario In 2003 Ontario decided to close all of its coal fired generating plants, which consisted of 19 units (that is boilers and turbines) totalling 8,800 MW. This phase out was completed by 2014. 85 Here are the figures for amount of power generated by each energy source in 2003 and 2014. Nuclear went from 42% to 60% Hydro went from 23% to 24% Gas went from 11% to 9% Coal went from 25% to 0% Non-hydro renewable went from 0% to 7%. 86 As you can see, the bulk of that replacement came from increased use of nuclear power. Furthermore, this did not result in simply replacing coal with natural gas. While gas is cleaner than coal, it still has emissions and if you recall from the studies that we looked at earlier, had an estimated death rate roughly 2 orders of magnitude greater than nuclear, solar, or wind. 87 To put this in more practical terms, at one time Toronto regularly had clouds of smog obscuring it, to a large extent due to these coal fired power plants With the phase out of coal, smog days went to zero in 2015 compared to 53 a decade earlier. The 2023 figures for Ontario show carbon emissions of 53 grams per kWh of electricity generated. We can use this as a rough benchmark comparison for total emissions. 88 The Phase out of Nuclear in Germany Until March of 2011, Germany generated one quarter of its electrical power from nuclear. Starting in 2011 however, they began shutting down their nuclear power plants. These were then phased out over the next decade. However, the coal plants were to be kept to 2038. In 2026 Germany began talking about increasing use of coal in order to save gas. In the same year the German chancellor Friedrich Merz stated that the phase out of nuclear was a quote “serious strategic mistake”. EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said it was "a strategic mistake for Europe to turn its back on a reliable, affordable source of low-emissions power". 89 I won't go into the details of the phase out, but let's look at some emissions numbers for Germany. If we look at the official numbers from the European Environmental Agency for 2024, for Germany their emissions were 298 grams per kWh of electricity generated. Recall that we are using emissions as a very rough guide to amount of air pollution, and that this has a direct effect on the safety of the overall electrical energy system. 90 So, who actually made their people safer, Ontario who phased out their coal plants and kept their nuclear plants, or Germany who phased out their nuclear plants and kept their coal plants? 91 If you want a comparison directly within Europe, then Germany has one of the highest rates of emissions per kWh of electricity generated, whereas France, who use mainly nuclear power, have one of the lowest at 43 grams per kWh of electricity generated. Again, who is making their people safer, Germany or France? 92 I don't want to make it sound like I am picking on Germany. I am also not going to tell them how they ought to run their country. However they provide a good real world example of how we need to look at things in overall context when we are thinking about the choices that we make. https://www.ontario.ca/page/end-coal https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/smog-study-shows-significant-decreases-in-pollutants-in-ontario-1.4151183 https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/indicators/greenhouse-gas-emission-intensity-of-1 https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-g-n/germany https://www.politico.eu/article/friedrich-merz-is-right-to-reject-germanys-nuclear-phase-out-says-iea-chief-fatih-birol/ https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-considers-ramping-up-coal-power-to-avert-energy-crisis/ https://www.iea.org/countries/estonia/electricity https://www.iea.org/countries/malta/electricity -------------------- 93 Conclusions As we can see, there don't appear to be an abundance of peer reviewed scientific studies that we can simply point to in order to answer the question of safety of all possible major different energy sources once and for all. Collecting the data to even attempt to answer the question is inherently very difficult as we cannot readily conduct experiments to answer the question, and sources of data are not collected or consolidated in a manner which can answer this question adequately. 94 The essence of the problem is that most energy industries are not as tightly regulated and monitored to the same degree that say nuclear power or commercial airliners are, so this data is simply not being systematically recorded. However, a number of people have attempted to make estimates. 95 Their conclusions would seem to be that nuclear, wind, and solar are roughly equivalent in terms of safety. All fossil fuels are much less safe than nuclear, wind, and solar, by as much as several orders of magnitude. 96 We can however say with a reasonable degree of certainty that if a country shut down their nuclear power plants and kept their fossil fuel plants, particularly coal, then they probably made their people less safe than if they had done things the other way around. 97 I hope that I have provided some context in which to think about the issue. Thanks again to brian in ohio for providing the question upon which this episode is based. -------------------- Provide feedback on this episode.

An old friend left an orphan cookbook on our doorstep, and it proved to be of more than passing interest. It is a centennial cookbook from the town of Lignite, near the Canadian line, published in 2007. It is a rich register, containing some recipes I'm going to try out, each credited to a particular person. I've never been satisfied with recipes for beer cheese soup—Jud and Gen Tracy's recipe from the Chieftain in Carrington comes closest—but I think I can work with the one contributed by Nancy Nodland Hermanson.

Thank you for joining us for our 2nd Cabral HouseCall of the weekend!   I'm looking forward to sharing with you some of our community's questions that have come in over the past few weeks…   Hayley: Hi Dr. Cabral- What is your opinion on stabilized lignite extract supplements? It is purported to tighten up a leaky gut, but I'm not clear on if this product is a necessary addition to my diet. Thanks for all the work you do– your podcast is awesome!                                                                                                                                                                                    James: Hi Dr. C what are your thoughts on eating fruit after dinner                                                                                                                                                                           Nick: I've seen a lot of talk lately about doing sauna for too long being bad for you? Is this true and how do you know when too long is too long? Does temperature matter, or only time in the sauna?                                                                                                                                                              Anonymous: Hi Dr. Cabral, thanks for doing these HouseCalls - they are so helpful and I enjoy learning from them weekly as an IHP2! My questions is this: I had a client using Estrogen balance to help with her PMS symptoms and it really helped her a lot. I'm wondering when I know is the right time to begin lowering her dosage or stopping the supplement.     Marcy: Thank you Dr. Cabral for taking my question! Why do you think it is that most of my clients seem to feel each FM Detox gets easier every time they do one. And why is it though that sometimes for seeming random reasons they'll have a challenging quarterly Detox where it feels like maybe the first time again? I'm just confused when this happens and I want to better know how to support my clients when this occurs.    Thank you for tuning into this weekend's Cabral HouseCalls and be sure to check back tomorrow for our Mindset & Motivation Monday show to get your week started off right! - - -   Show Notes and Resources: StephenCabral.com/3614 - - - Get a FREE Copy of Dr. Cabral's Book: The Rain Barrel Effect - - - Join the Community & Get Your Questions Answered: CabralSupportGroup.com - - - Dr. Cabral's Most Popular At-Home Lab Tests: > Complete Minerals & Metals Test (Test for mineral imbalances & heavy metal toxicity) - - - > Complete Candida, Metabolic & Vitamins Test (Test for 75 biomarkers including yeast & bacterial gut overgrowth, as well as vitamin levels) - - - > Complete Stress, Mood & Metabolism Test (Discover your complete thyroid, adrenal, hormone, vitamin D & insulin levels) - - - > Complete Food Sensitivity Test (Find out your hidden food sensitivities) - - - > Complete Omega-3 & Inflammation Test (Discover your levels of inflammation related to your omega-6 to omega-3 levels) - - - Get Your Question Answered On An Upcoming HouseCall: StephenCabral.com/askcabral - - - Would You Take 30 Seconds To Rate & Review The Cabral Concept? The best way to help me spread our mission of true natural health is to pass on the good word, and I read and appreciate every review!  

FAN MAIL TEXT HOTLINE When a Minnesota woman is promoted, thanks to her hard work at a major corporation, a coworker feels he deserves it more and begins bullying her at work. Would he have anything to do with her disappearance and eventual murder?Victim: Sharon BloomLocation: Woodbury, MNEpisode title submitted by: Katie JacksonThis episode was recorded at the 109 Club in Lignite, NDSupport the showhttps://linktr.ee/midwestmurderpod

On this episode of Plain Talk, co-host Chad Oban takes the reins with guest co-host and former State Senator Jessica Bell for a conversation with Matt Perdue, Government Relations Director at North Dakota Farmers Union. Perdue, who's running to become the next president of NDFU, emphasizes the uncertainty facing many producers amid economic headwinds, fluctuating commodity prices, and ongoing concerns about federal farm policy and trade conflicts. He also shares how farmers are working through complicated relationships with energy developers, the challenges of rising land prices and absentee landowners, and the importance of investing in rural communities to attract and retain young families. Plus, Chad and Jessica dive into the recent veto snafu by Gov. Kelly Armstrong, the implications of growing partisanship, and the upcoming appointment of a new Superintendent of Public Instruction. This episode is presented by Lignite Energy Council, an organization dedicated to protecting and enhancing the development of North Dakota's abundant lignite resouces. Their goal is to maintain a viable lignite coal industry and support the generation of electrcity, syntheitc natural gas, and valuable byproducts. Visit www.Lignite.com/Podcast to connect and learn more. If you want to participate in Plain Talk, just give us a call or text at 701-587-3141. It's super easy — leave your message, tell us your name and where you're from, and we might feature it on an upcoming episode. To subscribe to Plain Talk, search for the show wherever you get your podcasts or use one of the links below. Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube | Pocket Casts | Episode Archive

On this episode of Plain Talk, Sen. Josh Boschee, a Democrat from Fargo, characterized the just-completed legislative session as marked by crucial victories but also "too many missed opportunities" and numerous "close calls on bad Republican bills." He emphasized how Republicans and Democrats worked together to achieve both. Among the victories? Passing Gov. Kelly Armstrong's property tax plan, which implements $1,600 primary residence property tax credits and 3% caps on growth in property tax bills. Noting his day job in real estate, Boschee extolled "how much this is going to help make housing more affordable throughout our state." He highlighted that the reform could potentially "completely wipe out" property taxes for lower-priced or rural homes or those in smaller communities, allowing residents to invest that money in home repairs, buy a larger home, or open up more affordable housing stock for others. And the bad bills? Boschee said those included "book bans, what teachers are teaching in the classroom, which bathrooms people are using," and issues related to "abortion and gay marriage." Most of those initiatives failed, and Boschee said that's because "a faction of the Republican party worked with Democrats to defeat a lot of those bills." Boschee also praised former Rep. Cynthia Schreiber Beck, who passed away recently. She was someone who "got things done for Richland County or District 25," he said. "Someone that we could all depend on and trust" and who "told you like it was."  "If she wasn't going to support your idea, you knew it," he said, but if she liked your idea, she "would work with you to make it better or to get it across the finish line." Also on this episode, co-host Chad Oban and I discuss the impact the property tax cap may have on the ways North Dakota communities develop, and how the state's new ban on cell phones in schools will play out. This episode is presented by Lignite Energy Council, an organization dedicated to protecting and enhancing the development of North Dakota's abundant lignite resouces. Their goal is to maintain a viable lignite coal industry and support the generation of electrcity, syntheitc natural gas, and valuable byproducts. Visit www.Lignite.com/Podcast to connect and learn more. If you want to participate in Plain Talk, just give us a call or text at 701-587-3141. It's super easy — leave your message, tell us your name and where you're from, and we might feature it on an upcoming episode. To subscribe to Plain Talk, search for the show wherever you get your podcasts or use one of the links below. Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube | Pocket Casts | Episode Archive

Though his instance on a "skin in the game" provision in property tax reform -- effectively a cap on how much of the primary residence credit property owners could receive -- was one of the major flash points during this year's legislative session, Senate Majority Leader David Hogue says he's satisfied with the outcome overall. More than that, really. He was downright enthusiastic on this episode of Plain Talk. "Nobody, whether you measured it on a per capita basis, whether you measure it on a percentage of your surplus that you gave back to the taxpayer, nobody in the nation is doing what North Dakota is doing," he said. "You know, what Minnesota did last session when they had a surplus, they don't have a surplus this session. So, guess what? No tax relief," Hogue said. "Montana, the same thing. They are trying some income tax relief." Hogue also extolled a provision in the property tax package that went overlooked by many, but which he sees as important. "Our rural legislators were interested in seeing more funding for rural infrastructure, but they were also interested in seeing that funding source be something that isn't flat and static like our gasoline tax," he said. "And so in addition to using the Legacy Fund earnings to fund the primary residents tax credit, we also tied 2% of those Legacy Fund earnings to go into the DOT budget and specifically to fund rural infrastructure. County roads. Bridges." Which isn't to say that he thought the property tax package was perfect. "The biggest issue that probably went unreported was how many people are eligible for the primary residence tax credit and how many are going to claim it," Hogue said. The Tax Commissioner's office was estimating around 160,000 eligible homes, he continued, while the Senate's estimate was around 144,000. "If you do that math, that's 16,000 primary residence applications times two in a bienium. That's 32,000 homes times a $1,600 tax credit," he said. "That's a $50 million item of difference that you're trying to factor into the amount of tax relief." He expects the Tax Commissioner may be coming to lawmakers for more funding for the property tax credits. Also on this episode, my co-host Chad Oban and I discuss the public reaction to my story about Jesse Burgum being misleading about her dad Doug Burgum's financial involvement in her fiml career and news that once-disqualified and infamous baseball legends like Pete Rose and Shoeless Joe Jackson are now eligible for the Hall of Fame. This episode is presented by Lignite Energy Council, an organization dedicated to protecting and enhancing the development of North Dakota's abundant lignite resources. Their goal is to maintain a viable lignite coal industry and support the generation of electricity, synthetic natural gas, and valuable byproducts. Visit www.Lignite.com/Podcast to connect and learn more. If you want to participate in Plain Talk, just give us a call or text at 701-587-3141. It's super easy — leave your message, tell us your name and where you're from, and we might feature it on an upcoming episode. To subscribe to Plain Talk, search for the show wherever you get your podcasts or use one of the links below. Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube | Pocket Casts | Episode Archive

Nick Archuleta and North Dakota United, the state's combined teacher and public workers union, are touting a report showing that our state is sliding down the rankings in terms of teacher pay. We're now 40th in the nation, down significantly from roughly a decade ago. But Archuleta admitted during an interview on Plain Talk that educators could be doing a better job of giving the taxpayers some context around the pay issue. "We are horrible at telling our success stories," he said. "We have to do a better job," he added, rattling off some examples of the stories that could be told. "Eighth graders are second in the nation in mathematics. Fourth graders are third in the nation in mathematics. Archuleta said it's also time to "tone down the rhetoric surrounding K12 education" and back off some of the expectations, from the left and the right, that educators be central to the culture wars. "Everybody that I know that has gone into education goes into it because they want to make sure that every child has the best educational outcomes that they can possibly have," he said. "They don't go into it to be part of a political scrum and they shouldn't. That's exactly the wrong reason to get into education." As for teacher pay specifically? Archuleta said that North Dakota is "not increasing salaries very quickly." He also noted that other states like Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, and New Mexico have "done things that actually raise salaries faster." This is impacting North Dakota's ability to recruit new teachers. "We have an acute teacher shortage in North Dakota" that "has gotten to the point, this is particularly true in rural areas but also in our larger areas, where we're depending more and more on foreign based teachers, particularly from the Philippines." Also on this episode, co-host Chad Oban and I talk about how on-going chaos in the North Dakota Republican Party and a possible legal fight with the state Ethics Commission may impact the upcoming election cycle. We also take a look at the last bills from the recently-concluded legislative session that are on Gov. Kelly Armstrong's desk and what he might do with them. (Full disclosure: Oban also works for North Dakota United.) This episode is presented by Lignite Energy Council, an organization dedicated to protecting and enhancing the development of North Dakota's abundant lignite resources. Their goal is to maintain a viable lignite coal industry and support the generation of electricity, synthetic natural gas, and valuable byproducts. Visit www.Lignite.com/Podcast to connect and learn more. If you want to participate in Plain Talk, just give us a call or text at 701-587-3141. It's super easy — leave your message, tell us your name and where you're from, and we might feature it on an upcoming episode. To subscribe to Plain Talk, search for the show wherever you get your podcasts or use one of the links below. Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube | Pocket Casts | Episode Archive  

"The Minot State one took us by surprise," U.S. Rep. Julie Fedorchak told us on this episode of Plain Talk, referring to the cuts of nearly two dozen staff at the North Dakota Center for Persons with Disabilities. One of those workers, Kyle Erickson, who lives with cerebral palsy and not only works for the center but received services from it as a child, joined us to talk about the cuts on a previous episode of Plain Talk. "We found out about it in the newspaper, and we've been trying to get to the bottom of it, and I'm not sure that we have yet," Fedorchak said, expressing some mild frustration with how President Donald Trump's administration has been going about these cuts. "I do wish that some of the sudden cuts that are coming out, that the the administration is unleashing, would be a little bit more clear," she said. "That we'd have more heads up, that we understood the grand scheme and how these things are working out. What the big plan is, because I think that's what's hard. It's not having time to prepare for them. Or be thoughtful about them." "You know, if I was doing it, that's not how I would do it," Fedorchak continued, responding to a question about how DOGE and Elon Musk have presented their efficiency efforts to the public. "I would I would not talk about it this way, but I'm not in charge." Still, Fedorchak supports the overall effort. "In my opinion, we do need to be retracting and right-sizing the federal government," she said. "It isn't sustainable. There has been out of control spending and we have to correct that for ourselves and for the future citizens of our country." Fedorchak also pushed back on claims that Medicaid is being cut and that Republicans are pushing for tax cuts for the rich. She said the rate of growth in Medicaid spending is to be slowed, and that Republicans only want to renew existing tax policy. Also on this episode, Minot-based rapper Dakotah Faye performed his song '925,' discussed how he's managed his burgeoning career as a performing artist from North Dakota, and talked about his work with the F5 Project as someone who has struggled with addiction in the past. This episode is presented by Lignite Energy Council, an organization dedicated to protecting and enhancing the development of North Dakota's abundant lignite resources. Their goal is to maintain a viable lignite coal industry and support the generation of electricity, synthetic natural gas, and valuable byproducts. Visit www.Lignite.com/Podcast to connect and learn more. If you want to participate in Plain Talk, just give us a call or text at 701-587-3141. It's super easy — leave your message, tell us your name and where you're from, and we might feature it on an upcoming episode. To subscribe to Plain Talk, search for the show wherever you get your podcasts or use one of the links below. Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube | Pocket Casts | Episode Archive

It's an annual tradition to have Gov. Kelly Armstrong on Plain Talk for a baseball-only episode contemporaneous to MLB's opening day. Unfortunately, we didn't keep our promise this time, since we're in the closing weeks of the legislative session in Bismarck, and there's a lot going on. When you have the governor on in that context, you have to ask some political questions. We asked Armstrong about amendments made to the property tax plan he's backing by the Senate Appropriations Committee at the behest of Senate Majority Leader David Houge. "I spent six years in D.C. where a lot of times Republicans would walk in and step on a rake before we go vote," the former congressman said. "I think this is an unforced error," he added, "and I think this is what happens when you have a small group of people decide they're going to put amendments onto a bill without vetting it publicly." Armstrong says he objects to lowering the tax credit homeowners would receive from $1,450 to $1,250, as well as the 75% cap on how much of a property tax bill that credit could offset. He also pushed back on intent language which aims to use Legacy Fund dollars to pay for non-primary residence properties which in many cases are owned by people who live out of state. Armstrong also commented on amendments he's backing to ban cell phones in schools, saying it's not making him that popular with his own children. "I have two teenagers at home," he said. "You can about imagine how it's going." Also on this episode, Rep. Dawson Holle, a Republican, and Rep. Jayme Davis, a Democrat, talk about their new Future Caucus, which seeks to bring together a bipartisan group of younger lawmakers so that they can find ways to work together. Holle said it's helpful to coordinate these efforts, especially since older lawmakers don't necessarily understand modern issues. He described one older lawmaker who was confused about artificial intelligence issues. "AI, is that artificial insemination for cows?" Holle says he was asked. "Oh my goodness, no, that is artificial intelligence," he replied. This episode is presented by Lignite Energy Council, an organization dedicated to protecting and enhancing the development of North Dakota's abundant lignite resources. Their goal is to maintain a viable lignite coal industry and support the generation of electricity, synthetic natural gas, and valuable byproducts. Visit www.Lignite.com/Podcast to connect and learn more. If you want to participate in Plain Talk, just give us a call or text at 701-587-3141. It's super easy — leave your message, tell us your name and where you're from, and we might feature it on an upcoming episode. To subscribe to Plain Talk, search for the show wherever you get your podcasts or use one of the links below. Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube | Pocket Casts | Episode Archive

Oggi proponiamo un'intervista a Dario Rossato, uno storico locale della Valle dell'Agno, che ci accompagnerà all'interno delle miniere di lignite sul Monte Pulli. Il racconto, arricchito da aneddoti e dettagli sulla vita dei minatori, sulle condizioni di lavoro difficili e sui cambiamenti economici e sociali causati dall'attività mineraria, offre uno sguardo approfondito su un importante aspetto della storia locale. Dario accenderà un lume persino sui ricordi personali legati alla miniera e all'impatto che ha avuto sulla sua comunità, evidenziando l'importanza di preservare questa memoria legata al territorio e all'ambiente. L'intervista ripercorre le fasi di sviluppo ed il declino delle miniere, le sfide tecnologiche affrontate e le conseguenze della chiusura sull'emigrazione e sulla vita sociale della valle.Se volessi contribuire a questo progetto, lo puoi fare QUIwww.storiedimontagna.comContatti: andataeritorno.podcast@gmail.com Iscriviti alla newsletterLa nostra pagina InstagramIl nostro profilo LinkedIn

Doug's Dime: Would you want a #nuclear power plant in your town?Support the show: https://www.facebook.com/AM790KFGOSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

FAN MAIL TEXT HOTLINE When a pair of missing cousins are found dead the basement of area resident, an investigation reveals highly questionable and controversial circumstances surrounding their demise. Recorded at the best dang steakhouse in northwest North Dakota; the 109 Club and Steakhouse in Lignite. Location: MinnesotaVictims: Nicholas Brady, Haile KiferEpisode title submitted by: JasonDesperately Seeking the '80sRevisit the crime and culture of NYC in the '80s with BFF Gen-Xers Jessica and Meg.Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the showhttps://linktr.ee/midwestmurderpod

FAN MAIL TEXT HOTLINE A young mother ends up dead at the hand of an obsessed stalker.  Her husband walked in to see his wife being beaten to death.  Acting in self defense, the distraught husband ended the attacker's life.  But was it actually self defense?Recorded before a live, sold out audience at the 109 Club in Lignite, ND.Episode title submitted by ColeyVictims: Donnah Winger & Roger HarringtonLocation: Springfield, IllinoisSupport the showhttps://linktr.ee/midwestmurderpod

Subscriber-only episodeFAN MAIL TEXT HOTLINE **This episode will be available for all listeners as regularly scheduled on Midwest Murder Monday, December 9th.**A young mother ends up dead at the hand of an obsessed stalker.  Her husband walked in to see his wife being beaten to death.  Acting in self defense, the distraught husband ended the attacker's life.  But was it actually self defense?Recorded before a live, sold out audience at the 109 Club in Lignite, ND.Episode title submitted by ColeyVictims: Donnah Winger & Roger HarringtonLocation: Springfield, Illinoishttps://linktr.ee/midwestmurderpod

10/14/24: Joel is broadcasting live from Bismarck to have a conversation on Measure 4, which if passed, would eliminate property taxes. Jason Bohrer is the CEO and President of Lignite Energy Council, and shares why he's against Measure 4. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

U.S. House candidate Rick Becker recently took the unusual step of paying internet personality and trans rights activist Dylan Mulvaney to record a message praising the energy record of his primary rival, Public Service Commisisoner Julie Fedorchak. The message was done tongue-in-cheek -- though it hasn't sat well with some elements of the MAGA movement who take exception to Becker working with Mulvaney in even a joking way -- but Becker used it to attack Fedorchak's record on coal issues. "What's not a laughing matter is how time and again Julie Fedorchack placed radical green energy proposals above the coal industry here in North Dakota," he wrote. That may have been a mistake. North Dakota's coal industry noticed Becker's stunt, and it has prompted them to endorse Fedorchak in the race. "That is a statement I can't even wrap my head around," Jason Bohrer, the president of the North Dakota Lignite Energy Council and chair of Lignite's political action committee, said on this episode of Plain Talk. "I don't understand where that statement comes from," he added. Bohrer told me and co-host Chad Oban that Lignite doesn't typically endorse in partisan primaries, but they feel this situation is different. "This is a place where we have to be clear," Bohrer said. "We do support Julie." He made it clear that the organization is endorsing Fedorchak in the race. Bohrer said he didn't want to spend a lot of time "attacking" Becker's record on coal issues while serving in the Legislature, but he did say that Becker "has never been supportive" of the industry's priorities on research and development. "We had a group of legislators we would go to for those things," Bohrer added. "He wasn't in it." Also on this episode, state Rep. Michelle Strinden, who is running for Lt. Governor alongside gubernatorial candidate Kelly Armstrong, took questions about being chosen as a running mate, the state of the race, and top issues like education and property taxes. Want to subscribe to Plain Talk? Search for the show wherever you get your podcasts, or click here for more information.

"I'm sympathetic to what they're doing while recognizing there's a better way to do it." Those are the words of Jason Bohrer, president of the North Dakota Lignite Energy Council, and advocacy and lobbying group that represents the state's coal industry. He was speaking on this episode of Plain Talk about the Midwest Carbon Express pipeline proposed by Summit Carbon Solutions. That project has no ties to the coal industry. Rather, it seeks to bring carbon emissions gathered from ethanol plans across the upper midwest to North Dakota where it would be buried underground. Bohrer joined the program to discuss the controversy around the North Dakota Republican Party's resolution branding carbon capture as "fascism." The resolution had appeared to have been passed at the party's state convention earlier this month, but after a recount, it turns out it failed. But Bohrer says Lignite's larger concern is that public backlash against Summit's project may turn into generalized opposition against the concept of carbon capture. "An individual project differs from a technological opportunity," he said. "We're going to take a long term view," he added. Also on this episode, two board members from the North Dakota Association for Justice joined to discuss consternation in North Dakota's legal circles over Lt. Gov. Tammy Miller's gubernatorial campaign saying some ugly things about lawyers. "Politicians and trial lawyers often struggle with the truth," is a quote Miller spokesman Dawson Schefter gave me for an article about their campaign ad attacking their opponent in the Republican primary. "Kelly Armstrong is both, so it's no surprise he lies about his opponent and his opponent's ads." The NDAJ fired back, calling those comments "ill-informed and ignorant." Then Schefter came back again. “It's no surprise lawyers and politicians are sticking up for each other," he told me in response to the NDAJ's statement. "While Kelly Armstrong was raking in cash defending drug dealers, a man who beat his wife unconscious, and a man who attempted to suffocate his daughter — Tammy Miller was growing a company and creating thousands of jobs. Job creator or trial lawyer is an easy choice.” "Frankly, we were offended," attorney Tatum O'Brien said. "She probably has a failing campaign," attorney Tim O'Keefe added by way of explaining why Miller's campaign would launch the attack. Both O'Brien and O'Keefe are board members of the NDAJ, and say that attorneys do important work defending the rights of citizens in court, from the 4th amendment protections against illegal search and seizure to our 7th amendment right to seek a jury trial in matters of civil law. Want to subscribe to Plain Talk? Search for the show wherever you get your podcasts, or click here for more information.

With this episode, we continue to keep our fingers on the pulse of the energy transition in Europe, zooming in on Greece—a country facing the brunt of the climate crisis as one of the eight lignite mining European nations.Our guest, Nikos Mantzaris, a Senior Policy Analyst at the Green Tank, breaks down Greece's energy scene. He dives into the just transition process, discussing progress, challenges, and how external factors like the war in Ukraine play a role. Plus, he shares lessons that other European nations can pick up for their own energy transitions.Join us as we explore the details of regional support, community efforts, and the use of funds steering Greece towards eco-friendly economic activities.The Green Tank is an independent, non-profit think tank developing policy solutions for a sustainable future.Europe Climate Connection is an original podcast presented by Climate Action Network (CAN) Europe. Co-hosts: Seden Anlar and Olivia Saxer. Executive Producer and Editor: Samuel Martín-Sosa. Script by: Seden Anlar For more info: https://caneurope.org and https://thegreentank.gr/en/.

For regular listeners the name Clyde's Compost will be familiar. But did you know Clyde's Compost has a brand new product? Lignite Humates is what Keith would call a “game changer”.  Hear from Vince from Clydes about both the original Clyde's compost and his brand new product.Why Clyde's Compost? Originally created for the family's intense vegetable gardening farm,  Clyde's Compost has been created organically with advice from expert agronomists to ensure a consistent product with suitable pH for the home gardener.The full range includes Certified Organic Dolomite Lime, Certified Organic Blood & Bone, the Booster Blend & the new Lignite HumatesWhat is Lignite Humates? Lignite Humates is brown coal! 20% carbon and 80% humate.Why Lignite Humates? Holds up to 200% more water than your average soil, efficiently breaks down fertilisers and the natural goodness of the soil to assist plant uptake.A great episode exploring a great product!Where you can find all things Muddy Boots!Website: https://www.muddyboots.net.au/Instagram: www.instagram.com/muddybootspodcast/ Facebook: Muddy Boots Podcast | Facebook

Most of Poland's electricity comes from coal. The operator of the biggest lignite-fired power plant in Europe, however, has said it will gradually shut down the facility by 2036. What alternatives does Poland have to coal power?

Coal Trading with Hayn Park Coal demand reached an all-time peak in 2022. Prices reached levels not seen for over a decade. China is permitting two new coal fired power plants a week and Germany is burning lignite to meet its power demand. Traders reaped huge rewards trying to connect a fragile, disrupted, supply chain. As the world strives for the energy transition, removing coal from our power mix is vital. Financiers and public companies have made firm commitments to this. This has pushed the coal supply chain into ever more private hands and into a more opaque and volatile arena. What is the coal market? What is its structure? How is it traded? And where is it headed. Our guest is Hayn Park, head of European energy trading at DRW and a veteran energy trader. 

16:26 - Rep. Deb Kiel - Minnesota State House 1:11:51 - Jim the Flagpole Guy 1:45:47 - Nolan Theaker - Senior Research Manager, UND Institute for Energy Studies What's on your mind? We want to know! Email us at StudioFlagFamily [dot] com Subscribe on Spotify, Apple, & Google  

21:00 - Bob Zimmerman - City of Moorhead Engineer 53:00 - Brent Sanford - Former Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota 1:19:06 - Jason Bohrer - President and CEO, Lignite Energy Council What's on your mind? We want to know! Email us at StudioFlagFamily [dot] com Subscribe on Spotify, Apple, & Google

Why would folks mount up and go shoot in a Mounted Shooting Competition? Most importantly no more take reliable electricity sources.

Mark Nelson, the managing director of the Radiant Energy Fund, joins the podcast for the fifth time, tying the record held by Meredith Angwin. (Mark's last appearance was on March 3, 2022.) In this episode, Mark he talks about Germany's expansion of the Garzweiler lignite mine, how warm weather has given Europe's economy a “stay of execution,” Belgium's plans to close its nuclear plants, and why it's “almost impossible” to build new high-voltage transmission projects in the U.S.

Germany with limited bituminous coal and no petroleum to speak of has always been able to lean on its sizable lignite coal reserves. It has been transformed into anything from synthetic fuels to margarine to autobody. Noah Rettberg, physics lab technician in training and popular Decouple guest, sheds some light on the protests regarding the expansion of the Garzweiler mine into Lützerath and unearths the deeps roots that Germany and lignite share.

This week on The Final Straw, we feature three segments: words from a friend of Manuel “Tortuguita” Teran, the forest defender killed by law enforcement on January 18th outside of Atlanta, Georgia; A-Radio Berlin's conversation with an activist at Lutzerath encampment in western Germany attempting to block a lignite coal extraction operation by RWE; a discussion of the Tren Maya megaproject by the AMLO administration in Mexico. Remembering Tortuguita First up, we caught up with Eric Champaign of Tallahassee, FL, about his friend Manny, aka Tortuguita or little turtle. Manuel Teran was shot and killed by law enforcement during an early morning raid of the forest encampment to defend the Welaunee aka Atlanta Forest and to stop CopCity on Wednesday, January 18th, 2023. Law enforcement claimed in the media that they responded to shots fired and the wounding of an officer by killing the shooter, but at the time of this release the Georgia Bureau of Investigation has not yet produced a weapon or bodycam footage of the clash. [Update, Georgia Bureau of Investigation claims they found Tort's gun and ballistics match the bullet in the pelvis of the cop] The killing of Tortuguita has sparked outrage, calls for independent investigations, vigils and calls for renewed and dispersed activity. Word is that another 6 people were arrested and charged with domestic terrorism during the raid. Check out our chat with a member of Atlanta Anti-Repression Committee for some context and links to group fighting back in the courts. There's a fundraiser for Tortuguita's family at GoFundMe Eric also speaks about his friend, Dan Baker, who is nearing his release date. You can hear our past chat with Eric about Dan's case at our website alongside links about the case and how to support him. There's now a paypal for donations for Dan's post-release, which can be found at DanielBakerDonations@gmail.com Then, we feature two segments are selections from the January, 2023 episode of B(A)D News from the A-Radio Network. You can find this ep, #64, alongside many others at A-Radio-Network.Org Updates from Lützerath This second segment is a recording by A-Radio Berlin of a conversation with a radio activist from Aalpunk from Lützerath giving some context of the struggle there in the west of Germany. Since this recording, the encampments have been evicted but resistance continues against the ginormous lignite mine that the corporation RWE is attempting to expand there. You can also hear or read our September 25th, 2022 episode for some background. More info at https://luetzerathlebt.info/en Opposing Project Tren Maya Finally, we're sharing a segment by Frequenz-A about Proyecto Tren Maya in the Yucatán peninsula of so-called Mexico. The conversation with a member of Recherche-Ag about a report they published in Solidarity with the Zapatista movement, on the German state and corporate participation in this mega-project and the dangers posed by the Maya Train, which includes huge expansion of electric, travel and other corporate and state infrastructure through sensitive ecosystems and sovereign indigenous lands, being overseen by the Mexican military. You can find this report and more at ya-basta-netz.org. To hear a past interview of ours talking about Tren Maya & AMLO's infrastructure projects, you can find our Februar`y 2nd, 2020 interview. Announcements Phone Zap for Jason Renard Walker Jason Walker, a writer and organizer held in the Texas prison system, is currently being held at a psychiatric unit after having to fake  suicide attempt in order to escape a plot to murder him. He's asking for urgent support in ensuring that he's not transferred back to Connally Unit, where the original incident took place, and for his entire classification file to be reviewed to help him get moved to a safer place. You can check our show notes for the relevant contacts and words from Jason and a script to call with at BRABC.BlackBlogs.Org . ... . .. Featured Tracks: We Were All Scared by Cloudkicker from Beacons Push It Way Up! by Cloudkicker from Beacons

COVER - La battaglia di Lützerathin Germania, c'è Tagebau Garzweiler, una miniera di carbone-lignite, 35 kmq. Per allargare le operazioni di estrazione hanno dovuto cacciare con la forza gli abitanti e radere al suolo il paese di Lützerath. Per cui circa 700 eco attivisti si sono recati sul posto per impedire al colosso energetico dietro a questo progetto, la RWE di continuare il suo sporco lavoro. Diventa un fatto internazionaleFonti: https://edition.cnn.com/2023/01/14/europe/lutzerath-germany-coal-protests-climate-intl/index.html https://balkangreenenergynews.com/wind-farm-in-germany-is-being-dismantled-to-expand-coal-mine/https://twitter.com/SpeakSarahSpeak/status/1614940791108927495 https://www.facebook.com/Recommon/posts/pfbid02dVo3ke3LU7DYbvxQw3GBtGe6GmygyVS99LfoLxmBg1wWvrv9WbZGmvBYm15v2s6zl https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/01/17/germany-coal-village-mud/MALCLIMA - Il deep sea mining potrebbe peggiorare la crisi climaticaL'industria mineraria si sta preparando da anni a scavare i fondali marini più profondi per estrarre metalli e terre rare, elementi chimici che servono per le nuove tecnologie incluse quelle della transizione ecologica. Una delle domande che voi climatini e climatine vi starete facendo é ci servono davvero anche i metalli delle pepite sui fondali a migliaia metri di profondità? Secondo molti no. Ma no secondo gli attivisti, Greta, Greenpeace, bensì secondo BMW, Volvo, Volkswagen, Renault, e pure Rivian!https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/06/26/deep-sea-mining-climate-change-energy-environment/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bihz2ojwXTYTECH/CURIOSITA' - Giacimento terre rare in Svezia. Evvai! In Europa stiamo apposto!Una recente scoperta importantissima di un grande giacimento di terre rare a Kiruna, nord della Svezia. Il governo dice che sarà una svolta e che aiuterà ad essere più indipendenti dalla Cina da cui arriva più del 90% di questi materiali all'europa.Beh, intanto di terre rare e metalli ce ne sono tanti, è da vedere quali abbaimo in Svezia e cmq quel giacimento non sarà produttivo prima di 10 anni. Ora per chiudere in breve che sta accadendo nel mondo:Ad oggi, le maggiori riserve mondiali di metalli rari sono stimate in Cina, Russia, Brasile e Australia. Gli stati uniti hanno una sola miniera nel deserto del Mojave che produce il 15%, non malaccio. Però, però, però gli USA mandano queste sostanze estratte alla Cina per raffinarli.https://www.instagram.com/explore/locations/215068840/kiruna/ https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/12/14/rare-earth-mines-00071102Gruppo WA per ricevere SOLO le notifiche delle nuove puntate - https://chat.whatsapp.com/Fa6acDr4ddcFOWj5FShv9RLinkedIn Page: https://www.linkedin.com/company/19026854E poi c'è il sito: www.checlimafa.it

Greta Thunberg si è unita alle proteste di Lutzerath, il paese tedesco in Renania che resiste alla demolizione. Gli edifici devono essere abbattuti per espandere una delle più grandi miniere di lignite della Germania.Leila Belhadj Mohamed, esperta di geopolitica, ci racconta di cosa è cambiato in Tunisia, a 12 anni dalla rivoluzione nel paese.Puoi scriverci alla mail podcast@lifegate.it e trovare tutti gli approfondimenti sul sito LifeGate

Prosegue lo sgombero di Lützerath e degli attivisti che si sono barricati nel paese, intanto cresce la spaccatura nei Verdi tedeschi. Alcuni di loro, soprattutto i più giovani, sostengono le proteste, mentre quelli al governo difendono lo sgombero. Ma qual è il significato di questo piccolo paese del Nordreno-Vestfalia per il cambiamento climatico e per l'economia tedesca? Agnese Franceschini spiega gli argomenti delle parti coinvolte, mentre l'attivista Rio Goldmann dà voce a chi protesta. Von Luciana Caglioti.

In 1981 Marie-Claude Hawkes was an 18-year-old living in Amiens, France when she embarked on a trip to East Germany looking for adventure… Among her experiences was working in a lignite coal mine. Lignite is considered the lowest rank of coal and the most harmful coal to human health but was a major fuel source for East German power stations.Marie-Claude travelled from Paris to Leipzig on an overnight train, staying at the International Youth Camp in Borna. From there she travelled every day to work in the open lignite mine at Espenhain, about 16 miles from Leipzig. She describes working at the mine, weekends off, visits to Leipzig, Magdeburg, Weimar and a potato peeling factory...!It's a fascinating view of East Germany away from the capital Berlin. Cold War history is disappearing; however, a simple monthly donation will keep this podcast on the air. You'll become part of our community and get a sought after CWC coaster as a thank you and you'll bask in the warm glow of knowing you are helping to preserve Cold War history. Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/If a monthly contribution is not your cup of tea, We also welcome one-off donations via the same link.Check out the episode related photos and videos here https://coldwarconversations.com/episode271/ Find the ideal gift for the Cold War enthusiast in your life! Just go to https://coldwarconversations.com/store/Radio GDR If you are interested in East Germany we can highly recommend our friends over at Radio GDR. Support the showSupport the project! https://coldwarconversations.com/donate/ Follow us on Twitter here https://twitter.com/ColdWarPodFacebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/coldwarpod/Instagram https://www.instagram.com/coldwarconversations/Youtube https://youtube.com/@ColdWarConversations

durée : 00:03:45 - Sous les radars - par : Sébastien LAUGENIE - Ce charbon de mauvaise qualité était interdit aux Polonais depuis plusieurs années pour des raisons de santé. Mais il est redevenu légal à la faveur de la crise énergétique.

durée : 00:03:45 - Sous les radars - par : Sébastien LAUGENIE - Ce charbon de mauvaise qualité était interdit aux Polonais depuis plusieurs années pour des raisons de santé. Mais il est redevenu légal à la faveur de la crise énergétique.

durée : 00:02:24 - Un jour dans les Landes

ProPublica's Alec MacGillis discusses his recent New Yorker magazine article on Germany's protracted struggle to wean itself off of coal.---Germany has earned a reputation as a leader in the effort to lower greenhouse gas emissions, and today counts some of the highest rates of renewable energy in the world.Yet one of the continuing ironies of Germany's energy transition is that the country remains very much dependent on coal-fired generation, which last year provided over a quarter of its electricity. In fact, as Germany pursues steep reductions in emissions, it also plans to continue mining and burning coal nearly to the end of the 2030s.ProPublica reporter Alec MacGillis discusses his recent New Yorker magazine article on Germany's challenging exit from coal, and the fuel's sustaining, and uniquely destructive relationship with German communities.MacGillis' article, “Can Germany Show Us How to Leave Coal Behind?”, was published in the January 31, 2022 issue of The New Yorker, and on ProPublica.org.Alec MacGillis is a reporter with ProPublica. Related ContentNuclear Energy Meets Climate Change https://kleinmanenergy.upenn.edu/research/publications/nuclear-energy-meets-climate-change/ Electricity Storage and Renewables: How Investments Change as Technology Improves  https://kleinmanenergy.upenn.edu/research/publications/electricity-storage-and-renewables-how-investments-change-as-technology-improves/

This podcast episode discusses the European Commission's State aid decision to open a formal investigation procedure with regards to the German lignite phase-out plans, which were passed with the coal phase-out law of 2020. The episode highlights the doubts expressed by the Commission in its opening decision and also touches upon possible additional doubts on some of the other assessment criteria that will have to be addressed by the Commission's formal investigation. The podcast also touches upon the new section in the Commission's draft Climate, Environmental and Energy Aid Guidelines, on aid for the early closure of coal plants and its provisions on compensation for such closure.

When I say “brown coal”, what word comes to mind? Dirty? Well maybe that's fair… if you want to burn it. But Vince Verheyen reckons there's a future for it in a net zero emissions world. The starting point is understanding what it is, geologically, and how to make the most of its ingredients.

When I say “brown coal”, what word comes to mind? Dirty? Well maybe that's fair… if you want to burn it. But Vince Verheyen reckons there's a future for it in a net zero emissions world. The starting point is understanding what it is, geologically, and how to make the most of its ingredients.

Lignite Energy Council presents “Mined: Lignite Energy in America” with podcast hosts Kate Muggerud and Geoff Simon. Each week Kate and Geoff explore lignite-related topics with guests.We are pro-energy and pro-coal from our own resources right here in North Dakota. This podcast is brought to you by the Lignite Energy Council of North Dakota. Lignite-generated electricity is abundant, low-cost, reliable and environmentally compatible.

Lignite Energy Council presents “Mined: Lignite Energy in America” with podcast hosts Kate Muggerud and Geoff Simon. Each week Kate and Geoff explore lignite-related topics with guests.We are pro-energy and pro-coal from our own resources right here in North Dakota. This podcast is brought to you by the Lignite Energy Council of North Dakota. Lignite-generated electricity is abundant, low-cost, reliable and environmentally compatible.

durée : 00:02:19 - Un jour dans les Landes

Jason Bohrer, president and CEO of the Lignite Energy Council, joined co-hosts Kate Muggerud and Geoff Simon on this week’s podcast titled “Mined: Lignite Energy in America.”Jason handles topics from power plant closures to production tax credit for wind generators to reduced electric loads due to low oil prices, the coronavirus pandemic along with other subjects of interest to the lignite industry.Kate and Geoff work as a team to conduct the interviews with leaders in North Dakota’s energy industry on a variety of topics. The goal of these podcasts is to connect with others who have the same interest and wish to become more knowledgeable about energy and emerging technologies.

Two former directors and the Lignite Research Council and the current director join hosts Kate Muggerud and Geoff Simon to the talk about past, present and future of the lignite industry’s research and development partnership with the State of North Dakota’s Industrial Commission. The successes of the R&D partnership have served the industry well as new products have been discovered and commercialized and efficiencies and better environmental technologies have been achieved.

This podcast is part of a series documenting the findings from a number of events hosted in partnership between IPPR and Agulhas, for IPPR’s Environmental Justice Commission (https://www.ippr.org/environment-and-justice) . This episode looks at Lusatia's (Germany) transition from coal. Speaking are Hans-Rüdiger Lange from Innovasionsregion Lausitz (https://www.innovationsregionlausitz.de/?lang=en) and Hanna Brauers from TU Berlin (https://www.tu.berlin/en/) . Presenting are Luke Murphy from IPPR (https://www.ippr.org/) and Lucy Stone from Agulhas (https://agulhas.co.uk/) . The presentation mentioned in the podcast can be found here (https://instituteforppr.sharepoint.com/:b:/g/EVfr-E8ptWBElGhv1yZJpUIBPWIyaFQ28aCPoy3OrkgMaQ?e=RDgbNM) . More on the events: The events explored how we can better design public policy to support a rapid and fair transition to net zero and the restoration of nature. The events sought to explore the lessons and insights from previous transitions in different countries, sectors and industries, sharing what worked and what did not in their stories of transition.

Six villages in a German lignite mining region are fighting for survival. Their fate has already been determined; the demolition will go ahead despite Germany’s commitment to ending coal mining.

50-million-year-old reserves of humified organic matter are a substance called lignite. It is commonly known as brown or soft coal, a substance usually equated with energy production. Researchers at the Technical University of Dresden have found that this very old, carbon rich plant material has the same building blocks as humus – the organic matter reserves found in soil. Virginia Corless, Chief Growth Officer at Novihum Technologies, explains how reacting lignite with nitrogen has created a new soil amendment to improve nutrient retention, water storage, and the vitality of the microbiome. While the greatest benefits were expected in sandy soils, it turns out that a small percentage of clay like what would be found in a sandy loam, creates a beneficial interaction. One long-term trial of Novihum found that after 17 years, 90 percent of the original application was still in the soil. References: 53: Producing Compost and Carbon Sequestration (Podcast) 72: Soil Microbes and Nutrient Availability (Podcast) Could Agriculture Bloom in the Desert? Qatar Works to Invent an Innovative Oasis (Video) Novihum.com Novihum Academic and Field Trials Sahara Forest Project Grows Food, And Biofuel SIP Certified Technical University of Dresden Virginial Corless | v.corless@novihum.com Get More Subscribe on Google Play, iHeartRADIO, iTunes, Spotify, Stitcher, TuneIn, or wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.

Jason Bohrer is President of the Lignite Energy Council, an industry group representing coal interests in North Dakota. His group made a move about, you guessed it, coal. "You get 50 miles outside those coal mines, people don't know much about them," he said, referring to the coal operations in central North Dakota. "What they do know they get from flawed sources." On May 1, at CoalMovie.com, the Lignite folks are releasing a roughly 30-minute film about the history of coal in North Dakota. What it meant in the past, and what it means going forward. Jason also talked about the fraught politics around coal power today, especially with the news that North Dakota's large coal-fired power plant may be closing. "It used to be Republicans and Democrats could sit in a room and talk about energy and there would be friends of coal on both sides," Jason said. "It's not like that anymore." "There are very few people talking about long-term," Jason continued. "The future is more in doubt now than it was five years ago."

A final timeline for lignite capacity closures was unveiled by the German government earlier in the month. ICIS energy reporters Roy Manuell and Tasmin Chowdhary discuss the key points of the plan, the market reaction and next steps for the country’s phase out of coal.

We discuss the pressing security needs of our nation’s energy infrastructure with Phrantceena Halres. For pictures and additional info, visit http://www.energy-cast.com/76-ttd.html

On this week’s episode, Kate Muggerud interviews John Weeda, director of the North Dakota Transmission Authority. John talks about the status of the electric transmission grid and how the state exports a large percentage of the electricity it produces. John worked more than 40 years in the state’s lignite industry before taking the reins of the North Dakota Transmission Authority. This experience has served him well as he works with transmission grid operators, utilities and others as the state and region experiences growth not only in generation but also in customers – mostly due to the buildout of the Bakken oil fields in western North Dakota.

On this week’s episode, Kate Muggerud interviews Mike Holmes, vice president of research and development for the Lignite Energy Council. Mike talks about emerging markets for the lignite industry . Currently, about 80 percent of the lignite mined annually in North Dakota is used to generate electricity, but that is likely to change in the future as technology advances. Mike talks about the current industry and then looks ahead at the opportunities that lie ahead for turning lignite into new commercial uses – such as fertilizers, activated char, greenhouses, etc.

On this week’s episode, Kate Muggerud interviews Dale Johnson, plant manager at the Great Plains Synfuels Plant, Beulah, North Dakota. Dale talks about changes occurring at the synfuels plant and how Dakota Gasification Company is now marketing 13 different products. The plant was originally built in the 1980s to turn ample reserves of lignite coal into synthetic natural gas. However, with the recent completion of the $740 million urea plant at the Great Plains Synfuels Plant, DGC is now making the majority of its revenue from the sale of three nitrogen-based fertilizers – urea, anhydrous ammonia and ammonia sulfate. For more information, visit www.lignite.com.

Host Kate Muggerud interviews Lignite Energy Council President & CEO Jason Bohrer about industrial greenhouses.

Each week, host Kate Muggerud explores the world of all things lignite energy, energy resources and emerging markets. This week, Lignite Energy Council CEO Jason Bohrer talks about the role that lignite plays in the generation of electricity in the Upper Midwest and why mine-mouth power plants provide resilience to the electric grid. #coalstrong

Earlier this month, plans for Greece decommissioning all of its remaining lignite capacity by 2028 surfaced in the local press. While there have been statements about this before, the plan is yet to be confirmed by the government. Market reporters Federica Di Sario and Tasmin Chowdhary delve into the information available thus far and discuss whether the ambitious goal is feasible.

In this episode Brendan discusses the dueling ideologies regarding a solution for climate change, why neither side seems to be working, the problems with building larger solar and wind farms, how other countries are failing to "go green", and how political division will help us (not hurt us) when solving this problem. Join our mailing list at thestateoftheuniverse.com to be eligible for giveaways and show updates! If you enjoyed this episode, please leave a rating and a review on Apple Podcasts or whichever platform you listen on.  Consider becoming a Patron by donating to the show on Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/thestateoftheuniverse or Paypal at https://www.paypal.me/drachler. For more episodes or information about The State of The Universe visit thestateoftheuniverse.com or follow Brendan on Twitter and Instagram @BrendanDrachler.  The music in this episode can be found at https://freebeats.io/royalty-free-hiphop-beats.

This week, we feature three segments. Locals Respond To Far-Right Doxxings First, we'll feature a statement about recent doxing of a number of anti-racists in the Asheville area by far-right keyboard warriors.  A Jailhouse Lawyer Speaks About #PrisonStrike 2018 After that, we feature an interview with Dee, an anonymous incarcerated organizer affiliated with Jailhouse Lawyers Speak. In this conversation we ask about the effectiveness of the #August21 2018 Nationwide Prisoner Strike, the push to move prisoners under storm threat as these increase under climate change, repression and changes in response to the strike, mail limitations in PA prisons, standardization of increased security in Ohio, outside support and organizing, critiques of the methods of NPS2018, and more. Check our show notes for links to more info concerning the strike. If prisoners want to communicate with and/or join JLS, Dee suggests in some words near the end of the show that they reach out to: Jailhouse Lawyers Speak P.O. Box 1076 Knightdale, NC 27545 And you can find JLS on fedbook or twitter to keep up with their organizing In our final section of the show, you'll hear a report by audio comrades in Germany about the recent resistance to the destruction of the Hambach Forest by authorities. The clearing of the ancient forest is to create the largest open-pit lignite coal mine in Europe on behalf of the corporation RWE, which sells to Netherlands, Germany & the UK. Lignite has a carbon content of around 60-70%, has a low energy yield, and is responsible for 1/3 of CO2 emissions in Germany. This segment shows up in the November 2018 episode of B(A)DNews, Angry Voices from Around The World from the A-Radio Network, of which we're a proud member. Keep an eye on our podcast stream and website for a link to this episode coming out in the next couple of days. Local Doxxings Within the last week, over 15 people were doxxed by white supremacists in our community. Here is most of a collective statement released a day or two after the fact by some of those folks: They've targeted more than twenty people they believe are involved in anti-racist organizing in North Carolina. They've posted information such as our home addresses, places of work, family members, license plates, social media profiles–whatever information they could find. They seem to be fixating on trans and nonbinary people in particular, and delight in trying to deadname and misgender us whenever possible. Some of us, and some of our family members, have received harassing messages. They wrote about us like it's some big secret that we oppose fascism, that we oppose racism, that we oppose all forms of bigotry and oppression. It's not a secret. We weren't hiding. We are not ashamed. This isn't a plea for sympathy. Our friends and immediate community have been amazing. Rather, this is a message to let you know that if you ever find yourself targeted by neo-Nazis and the far right, you are not alone. None of us need to face this rising tide of fascist scum alone. We have each other. Robert Bowers, the Pittsburgh Synagogue shooter, actively and publicly chatted with alt-right trolls who had doxxed anti-racist activists. He even discussed violence against anti-racists in our region. This is probably a good time to think seriously about your online security and that of your family members and friends. But staying safe isn't just a matter of changing your Facebook settings or making your Instagram private. It's a matter of us showing up for each other. Of us not letting them intimidate us, not letting them isolate us. Not letting them stop us from our work. Especially when the work is stopping fascism. To read the full statement, you can visit https://ashevillesolidarity.tumblr.com/ , where you can also see a list of bands and businesses which have been included in the current harassment. And of course, there are ways to donate and send support! For an article about this (released just as our radio show was airing), including a statement by Firestorm Books contextualizing the specific harassment they've received, you can visit The Asheville Blade, which you can donate to here! To support Firestorm Books, our local anarchist community space and bookstore, you can join their Community Sustainer's Program or leave them a positive review on Facebook, Yelp, wherever you can. Additionally, for a really excellent walk through of how to help prevent this kind of thing happening to you or your crew, you can visit the Smiling Face Collective guide to preventing doxxing. This site can be easily adapted into an interactive workshop, because let's face it, wiping your presence off the internet is a tedious, upsetting, and grueling process which is designed to wear you down. It's always better to do this in groups! You can write to us about your experiences with internet hygiene, good, bad, or whatever, at tfsradioshow@protonmail.com Rural Organizing Against Racism Benefit For those in the Western NC area, there will be a Fall Fundraiser to benefit rural organizing and resilience on Friday November 30th at 6pm at the Marshall Container Co. which is located at 10 South Main Street, Marshall, NC. The event will center around a cornbread and chili dinner and will include several surprise musical guests! Support Anti-Fascist Protestors in Philly And finally, if you are in the position to donate to those injured yesterday fighting the Proud Boys in Philly and elsewhere, you can go to this rally.org page. Remember that if you donate to do so anonymously! . ... . .. Playlist here.

We're back with our 2nd Cabral #HouseCall of the weekend and I'm happy to have you back with us! Here are today's community questions: Melissa: Dr. Cabral, I enjoy listening to your podcast and thank you for all of the wonderful information that you provide. After having my third baby three years ago via c-section, I have had significant pain in my stomach after eating meals. This began occurring 6 weeks post-delivery and does not seem to be related to any specific food. It typically occurs within 30 minutes after a meal and can last for hours. I am extremely bloated, and am 40 pounds overweight even though I eat a very healthy diet (around 1200-1400 calories daily of fresh produce) and exercise daily. I have had a multitude of tests - gallbladder, ultrasounds of liver, blood tests, colonoscopy, endoscopy, food allergy tests - all of which come back normal, with my only diagnosis as constipation. After eliminating dairy and added sugars and taking Mirilax daily, my symptoms resolved. I was even able to eat a normal diet with no exclusions. However, over the last week, the symptoms have returned. I am so frustrated with not being able to eat and having no solution. Do you have any thoughts on what could be causing my symptoms and what my next steps should be? Thank you so much! Regards, Melissa     -  Dr. Cabral, As an addition to my previous submitted question, I am also experiencing severe itching with no rash on my breasts and upper back. My skin entirely is very dry with patches of scaly skin and even though I drink lots of water and use lotions, my skin is still very itchy, dry, dehydrated and uncomfortable. When I itch, I do create very deep cuts which cause a lot of scarring. The itching is internal and often times I wake up with severe attacks where I feel as though I want to remove whatever body part is causing such intense itching - it is very painful. This has occurred over the last 20 years of my life, beginning when I was 18 years old. I have had bloodwork done looking at my liver, thyroid, iron -all of which were normal except iron - I did have low iron stores but after iron infusions, my levels are back up and I am still itching. I have food allergy tests done which have indicated no food allergy. I am severely allergic to dust mites. I have had these bouts with itching after each of my pregnancies (3 total all c-sections) - the other times they have occurred have been random. The only other connection I can make is that the first instance occurred a couple of months after I had my wisdom teeth removed and this last time occurred a couple of months after a colonoscopy, so could it possibly be related to surgery/procedures? Or maybe hormones? Thank you once again for any information you can provide. Regards, Melissa   Lizzie: Hi D. Stephen Cabral, I have recently felt pain in my right knee for the past couple weeks. It hurts to fully extend and just feels "off." I eat very well, mostly organic veggies, coffee in am, nothing crazy, not sure what this could be from. I work out 4x a week yoga to spinning to bootcamps. Can inflammation travel? I do also have very week ankles (kill during yoga in 1 leg poses) and wonder if this is connected? I am still working out and trying to ignore this subtle pain. Even in a plank it hurts to fully straighten my right leg.... but I am forcing it thinking it will clear up on its own. Come to think of it, I also have pain,soreness in my left shoulder, but also continue to work out with light weights during shoulder exercises. I am 32. 120 lbs. Fit. Try my best to do it all right. Please help!! Thank you.   Hayley: Hi Dr. Cabral- What is your opinion on stabilized lignite extract supplements? It is purported to tighten up a leaky gut, but I'm not clear on if this product is a necessary addition to my diet. Thanks for all the work you do-- your podcast is awesome!   Leilani: Dear Dr Cabral, Thank you for all your podcasts and all the information you provide! It is very much enjoyed and appreciated. I have a dental question - I need 4 crowns (maxillary central & lateral incisors) and would like to know what material you recommend as safe to have inside the mouth. I find all the information out there overwhelming and confusing and would like to finally have the work done but I want to feel confident that I'm getting the safest and most bio-compatible options available. I apologise if this has already been covered in an earlier podcast - I did a quick search but nothing came up. Thank you for your time & assistance. Kind Regards, Leilani   Ann: What is your recommendation for the most safest and healthiest cutting boards. There are so many to choose from (bamboo, plastic, wood, etc) Thanks!   Ashley: Hi Dr. Cabral, I seem to eat all of the time, but never really feel full or satiated. I'm not overweight, and I choose healthy real foods. But it seems I could literally eat all day long. What causes this? Thanks!   I hope you enjoyed today's Q&A and all the tips along the way!   - - - Show Notes: http://StephenCabral.com/414 - - - Get Your Question Answered: http://StephenCabral.com/askcabral