Podcasts about invent

06-16-25 - BR - MON - We Want To Put Our Made Up Band Names On TShirts - Science Discovers That Rats Can Laugh - LSU Students Invent New Tech To Prevent Babies Left In CarsSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Pour la dernière partie de l'émission, Laurent Mariotte, comme chaque semaine, passe l'invité sur le grill des Bons vivants. Cette semaine, c'est le chef Thierry Marx. Quel est le goût de votre enfance ? Quels sont les ingrédients que vous avez toujours dans votre frigo ? Ce sont quelques-unes des questions qui sont posées. A cette occasion, il confie le plat qu'il aurait aimé avoir inventé.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Tous les matins, 8h50 sur Chérie FM, Alex et Tiffany l'équipe du Réveil Chérie vont chacun vous donner une info ! Une seule est vraie ! L'autre est complètement fausse !" A vous de trouver qui dit vrai !

How do you wrangle the chaos of AWS cost tools and live presentations? In this episode of Screaming in the Cloud, Corey Quinn is joined by AWS's Bowen Wang and Matt Berk to break down their re:Invent talk and everything that almost went off the rails. From surprise tsunami alerts to last-minute feature changes, they explore the anxiety and art behind presenting at scale. They also look at how power user feedback shapes tools like the AWS Pricing Calculator, why storytelling matters more than specs, and what it's like co-presenting with notes that say “make the rabbit joke.” They also discuss AWS's internal planning process, how customers can get involved in talks, and where to catch them next.Show Highlights(0:00) Intro(1:38) The Duckbill Group sponsor read(2:35) The importance of collecting feedback before launching a product (4:52) The difference between the intended use of a product and how it's actually used(8:52) How Bowen and Matt were able to be so prepared for their presentation(13:01) What many people don't realize goes into practicing for a presentation(17:14) How having a storyline helped Bowen and Matt facilitate better breakout sessions(18:26) The Duckbill Group sponsor read(21:02) The importance of being able to go with the flow during presentations(22:42) Why knowing your audience is essential for having a good presentation(24:32) Choosing between breadth and depth when giving presentations(25:05) Bowen and Matt's advice for people who want to have their opportunity to give a talk with an AWS service team(34:22) How to keep up with Matt and BowenAbout Matt BerkMatt Berk is an AWS Principal Technical Account Manager at based in Brooklyn who's passionate about storytelling, cloud technologies, and FinOps. When he's not solving customer issues, Matt can be either be found in nature with his dog Ollie, at popular NYC restaurants, or at home planning his next trip to a theme park.About Bowen WangBowen Wang is a Principal Product Marketing Manager for AWS Billing and Cost Management Services, where she focuses on enabling finance and business leaders to better understand the value of the cloud and ways to optimize their cloud financial management. In her previous career, she helped a tech start-up enter the Chinese market. When she's not helping customers optimize their cloud costs, you can find her cheering for F1 races with her husband or juggling life as a mom to an energetic toddler and a playful poodle.LinksAWS Cloud Financial Management Blog Channel: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws-cloud-financial-management/AWS Twitch Channel: https://www.twitch.tv/awsAWS Tech Tales: https://community.aws/livestreams/aws-tech-talesThe authenticated AWS Pricing Calculator is now generally available: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws-cloud-financial-management/the-authenticated-aws-pricing-calculator-is-now-generally-available/

n el episodio de hoy de Baseball News analizamos la polémica que rodea al novato de los Red Sox, Hunter Dobbins, quien había afirmado que su padre fue parte de los Yankees y amigo de Andy Pettitte. Un reporte del New York Post desmiente toda esta historia. ¿Mintió el lanzador? ¿O fue simplemente una historia mal contada por su padre? Además, repasamos los resultados más importantes del día en MLB: Byron Buxton roba el show con una atrapada espectacular seguida de un jonrón de 479 pies. David Peterson lanza la primera blanqueada completa del año para los Mets. Clarke Schmidt sigue encendido y los Yankees ganan la serie en Kansas City. Marcelo Mayer conecta 2 cuadrangulares más con los Red Sox y sigue brillando como prospecto. ¡Y hasta el Papa! Leo XIV sorprende usando una gorra de los White Sox desde el Vaticano. Dale like, comenta y suscríbete si disfrutas del mejor resumen diario de Grandes Ligas en español.Conviértete en un seguidor de este podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/con-las-bases-llenas-podcast-de-beisbol--2742086/support.

Ecoutez L'oeil de Philippe Caverivière du 12 juin 2025.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

A propósito de las nuevas tecnologías que te permiten borrar gente de tus fotografías con tan solo un botón, pensamos que sería buen momento hablar de un dictador malvado del siglo XX al que sin duda le habría gustado dicha tecnología: Joseph Stalin!

Ecoutez L'oeil de Philippe Caverivière du 12 juin 2025.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Aujourd'hui, une petite histoire surprenante… Celle d'un poète anglais de la Renaissance… qui a changé notre quotidien sans que personne ou presque ne connaisse son nom. Il s'appelait John Harington. Et il est l'inventeur… de la chasse d'eau !Oui, vous m'avez bien entendu. Derrière ce geste anodin — tirer la chasse — il y a l'idée brillante d'un écrivain du XVIᵉ siècle. Mais revenons un peu en arrière.John Harington naît en 1560, dans une famille aristocratique. C'est un homme cultivé, proche de la reine Élisabeth Iʳᵉ. Il écrit des poèmes, des satires, il traduit Virgile… Bref, un pur esprit de cour. Mais un poète un peu trop espiègle : ses écrits licencieux lui valent d'être temporairement banni de la cour.Pendant cet exil, il se passionne pour un sujet bien plus terre-à-terre… l'hygiène ! Car à l'époque, les toilettes sont un véritable problème. On utilise encore des pots de chambre, des latrines puantes… même dans les palais royaux.Harington se dit qu'on peut faire mieux. Il conçoit alors un dispositif qu'il baptise malicieusement "Ajax" — un jeu de mots entre le héros grec et le mot anglais jakes, qui désigne les latrines.Le principe ? Simple et génial : une cuvette reliée à un réservoir d'eau. Quand on actionne un levier, une grande quantité d'eau est libérée… et nettoie la cuvette. Autrement dit : la première chasse d'eau moderne !Harington écrit même un livret détaillant son invention : A New Discourse upon a Stale Subject: The Metamorphosis of Ajax. Sous couvert d'humour, il décrit précisément le mécanisme.Séduite par l'idée, la reine Élisabeth elle-même fait installer un exemplaire dans son palais de Richmond. Mais à l'époque, les villes n'ont pas encore les réseaux d'égouts nécessaires. L'invention reste donc marginale.Ce n'est qu'au XIXᵉ siècle, avec l'essor de l'urbanisme moderne, que la chasse d'eau inspirée par Harington se généralisera dans les foyers.Alors, la prochaine fois que vous tirez la chasse, ayez une petite pensée pour ce poète-inventeur visionnaire. John Harington, l'homme qui a prouvé… qu'un esprit brillant pouvait vraiment s'intéresser à tout. Même… aux toilettes ! Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Si vous pensez que l'assurance est une invention moderne, vous vous trompez ! L'assurance est aussi vieille que le commerce… Elle existe depuis la Grèce antique ! À cette époque, ce sont les marchands qui s'assurent auprès de particuliers fortunés à travers ce qu'on appelle “le prêt à la grosse aventure”.    Avant de partir en expédition, les marchands pouvaient protéger leur marchandise avec le prêt à la grosse aventure. Ils empruntaient à un particulier l'équivalent de leur marchandises et une fois arrivés, si la marchandise était complète et intacte, ils remboursaient le prêteur avec un intérêt élevé. Qu'est-ce que le prêt à la grosse aventure ? Comment a-t-il favorisé la fraude ? Qu'est-ce qu'un aléa moral ? Écoutez la suite de cet épisode de Maintenant vous savez ! Un podcast Bababam Originals écrit et réalisé par Hugo de l'Estrac. En partenariat avec Brief.eco Abonnez-vous à la newsletter Brief.eco avec l'essai gratuit  À écouter ensuite : Quel est le lien entre votre salaire et le sel ? Dans quel pays le premier billet de banque est-il apparu ? De quand date le premier écran tactile ? Retrouvez tous les épisodes de "Maintenant vous savez".Suivez Bababam sur Instagram. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Tous les matins, 8h50 sur Chérie FM, Alex et Tiffany l'équipe du Réveil Chérie vont chacun vous donner une info ! Une seule est vraie ! L'autre est complètement fausse !" A vous de trouver qui dit vrai !

Nesta edição do Soluções BB Private, conteúdo que apresenta serviços de assessoria, produtos e vantagens exclusivos para clientes BB Private, nosso analista de comunicação, David Felipe, apresenta algumas de nossas iniciativas ASG e Mercado de Carbono como o Inventário de Emissões de Gases de Efeito Estufa, a Originação de Créditos de Carbono, entre outros. Conte conosco para te apoiar em diversas frentes, fornecendo consultoria especializada e serviços personalizados para seus projetos e necessidades. Veja este episódio em vídeo ou acesse todos os materiais produzidos por nossos especialistas em bb.com.br/lounge e fique sempre à frente!

Christians generally know that God created “the heavens and the earth” and made human beings in His image. They know that “the earth is the Lord’s and the fullness thereof”—He owns His creations. They know that skilled people create and own marvelous works. But a disconnect often occurs when it comes to God’s communicable attributes of creativity and ownership and that combination’s role in human innovation, technological progress, and practical benefits from human creativity and ownership. Jim Edwards will join us to connect the dots between creativity and ownership, as well as the dots between that combination and the fruits of human flourishing.Become a Parshall Partner: http://moodyradio.org/donateto/inthemarket/partnersSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ecoutez Le 2ème œil de Philippe Caverivière du 09 juin 2025.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

C'est la fin de Roland-Garros ce week-end avec les finales dames et hommes. L'occasion pour Florian Gazan de vous expliquer pourquoi ce tournoi se déroule sur terre battue... Ecoutez Ah ouais ? Les questions pas si bêtes de l'actu avec Florian Gazan du 06 juin 2025.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

durée : 00:03:28 - Les P'tits Bateaux - par : Camille Crosnier - C'est la question posée par Orlando, neuf ans, qui habite à... Oxford ! C'est le professeur d'histoire contemporaine à l'université Lyon, Didier Nourrisson qui lui répond. - réalisé par : Stéphanie TEXIER

If I were to start singing “it's coming home, it's coming home, it's coming…”Most of you could probably reluctantly chime in with the line “football's coming home”.The “home” that the song is referring to is England of course, but did the beautiful game really originate there?Ged O'Brien is the Founder of the Scottish Football Museum, and doesn't think it did. He joins Tom Dunne to discuss…

Bon. Imaginez un monde sans toilettes. Genre, un monde où faire ses besoins est une question d'improvisation… Eh bien, pendant la majeure partie de l'Histoire de l'humanité, c'était le theme, on allait où on pouvait : derrière un arbre, au fond de la grotte, dans un coin de cour, puis un pot, ou... par la fenêtre. Littéralement. Mais quand est-ce qu'on s'est dit : et si on faisait caca dans un meuble ? Hébergé par Audion. Visitez https://www.audion.fm/fr/privacy-policy pour plus d'informations.

If I were to start singing “it's coming home, it's coming home, it's coming…”Most of you could probably reluctantly chime in with the line “football's coming home”.The “home” that the song is referring to is England of course, but did the beautiful game really originate there?Ged O'Brien is the Founder of the Scottish Football Museum, and doesn't think it did. He joins Tom Dunne to discuss…

Maxiscience revient, trois fois par semaine. Hébergé par Audion. Visitez https://www.audion.fm/fr/privacy-policy pour plus d'informations.

The Sermon on the Mount is probably one of the best-known speeches of Jesus, and if you've spent any time in a church service, then the odds are that you've heard at least part of it. It contains the beatitudes - “blessed are the meek” - the Lord's Prayer, and a whole host of teachings that are held sacred by Christians the world over. But… did the writer of Matthew fabricate the whole thing? Today, Dr. Bart Ehrman joins me to talk about this amazing sermon, whether anything like it exists elsewhere in the New Testament, and whether Jesus is likely to have uttered a word of it.

durée : 00:03:51 - Le coup de cœur, ici Orléans - Le Chabada Swing and Pop Trio, emmené par Guylène Charmetant, s'invite à Orléans pour un concert où la pop devient swing. Entre surprises musicales et complicité scénique, le groupe livre une performance libre et festive à la maison des arts et de la musique d'Orléans ce vendredi 6 juin à 20h30.

O BdF Entrevista desta segunda-feira (2) recebe a escritora Verena Cavalcante. Com o livro de contos "Inventário de predadores domésticos" ela se consagrou como uma das principais vozes do horror contemporâneo no Brasil, e agora se prepara para lançar seu primeiro romance, "Como nascem os fantasmas".

Qui est à l'origine de l'invention de la cigarette ? Florian Gazan vous donne la réponse sur RTL ! Cette saison dans "RTL Matin", Florian Gazan répond aux questions pas si bêtes qui nous passent par la tête. Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Picolé De Limão é um quadro do canal Não Inviabilize. Aqui você ouve as suas histórias misturadas às minhas!Use a hashtag #Inventario e comente a história no nosso grupo do telegram: https://t.me/naoinviabilizePUBLICIDADE HIDRABENE Participe da Campanha Compre & Ganhe no site de Hidrabene. Nas compras acima de R$99,00, você ganha um brinde exclusivo! O Hidrabene Gel de Limpeza Facial Mirtilo. Use o cupom PICOLE10 e ganhe 10% de desconto em todas as compras no site, exceto para os Kit's.  Link: https://www.hidrabene.com.br/skincare?utm_source=Nao_inviabilize&utm_medium=Spot_02_29_05QUER OUVIR MAIS HISTÓRIAS? BAIXE NOSSO APLICATIVO EM SUA LOJA APPLE/GOOGLE, CONHEÇA NOSSOS QUADROS EXCLUSIVOS E RECEBA EPISÓDIOS INÉDITOS DE SEGUNDA A QUINTA-FEIRA: https://naoinviabilize.com.br/assineEnvie a sua história bem detalhada para naoinviabilize@gmail.com, seu anonimato será mantido, todos os nomes, profissões e locais são trocados para preservar a sua identidade.Site: https://naoinviabilize.com.brTranscrição dos episódios: https://naoinviabilize.com.br/episodiosYoutube: https://youtube.com/naoinviabilizeInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/naoinviabilizeTikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@naoinviabilizeX: https://x.com/naoinviabilizeFacebook: https://facebook.com/naoinviabilizeEdição de áudios: Depois O Leo Corta MultimídiaVinhetas: Pipoca SoundVoz da vinheta: Priscila Armani

Con motivo de la feria del libro de Madrid, los científicos Alberto Aparici y Santi García Cremades han traído un libro de Daniel Torregrosa: "Historia de la ciencia y la tecnología". 

Superpowers for Good should not be considered investment advice. Seek counsel before making investment decisions. When you purchase an item, launch a campaign or create an investment account after clicking a link here, we may earn a fee. Engage to support our work.Watch the show on television by downloading the e360tv channel app to your Roku, AppleTV or AmazonFireTV. You can also see it on YouTube.Devin: What is your superpower?Prof. Alan: Creative problem-solvingThe world doesn't change on its own—people with vision, grit and creativity drive progress. Few embody this more than Prof. Alan Arthur Tratner, who helped organize the very first Earth Day in 1970 and has since built a global legacy supporting green entrepreneurs and inventors.Alan's work reminds me that bold action in the face of crisis can spark lasting transformation. In today's episode, he shared the story of rushing to the oil-soaked beaches of Santa Barbara after the catastrophic 1969 spill, an experience that moved him to tears and propelled him into environmental activism. “I broke down, fell on my knees and cried... and then I just said we've got to stop this. We have to find a way to do it,” Alan recalled.That determination led him to found Green2Gold, a unique non-profit incubator that has nurtured over 100,000 inventors, entrepreneurs and more than 300 non-profits focused on environmental and social responsibility. Alan's approach is rooted in the belief that innovation can solve the problems it helped create. “We invented our way into this mess, we could innovate and invent our way out,” he explained.One of the most compelling aspects of Alan's work is his early embrace of investment crowdfunding. He recognized that democratizing access to capital could accelerate the development of climate solutions. “Equity crowdfunding was the democratization of investing. No longer did you have to be wealthy or be in power... anyone in the world, accredited or unaccredited, could invest in an American company,” Alan said.Through Green2Gold's programs, Alan continues to champion breakthrough technologies in renewable energy, sustainable agriculture and disaster recovery. His “Build Back Green” project, for instance, emerged in response to the devastating wildfires in Lahaina and now provides a blueprint for rebuilding communities in sustainable, resilient ways.If you're inspired by Alan's vision or want to learn more about Green2Gold's work, visit green2gold.org. For entrepreneurs and inventors seeking support—or anyone interested in investing in a better world—Alan and Green2Gold are showing what's possible when we put creativity and collective action to work for the planet.tl;dr:Alan Tratner shared his journey from the first Earth Day to launching the Green2Gold impact incubator.He described the critical role of innovation and entrepreneurship in addressing environmental crises worldwide.Alan emphasized the power of equity crowdfunding to democratize investment for green ventures and climate solutions.He highlighted the importance of perseverance, creativity and passion for lasting impact in nonprofit and business work.Alan offered actionable advice for aspiring changemakers to lead with purpose and build sustainable ventures.How to Develop Creative Problem-Solving As a SuperpowerAlan's superpower lies in the fusion of creativity, scientific thinking and practical experience. As he described, “I think that creative spark, that passion, you know, I try to give our entrepreneurs and our nonprofits the same feelings about... inventing in the fields that are going to make a difference.” He credits his background in science, art and design, as well as years of nonprofit leadership and invention, for giving him a “quiver of superpowers” that enable him to help others become problem solvers and critical thinkers.Illustrative Story:Alan shared how he has supported over 315 nonprofits and 100,000 entrepreneurs through Green2Gold by applying his expertise in nonprofit management, invention and funding. For years, he persisted with a wind turbine invention that was ahead of its time, waiting 45 years for the right moment to see it realized. He emphasized that passion and perseverance are crucial. “If you quit, you can't win,” Alan said, reflecting on the decades he devoted to innovations that now have renewed relevance.Actionable Tips for Developing Creative Problem-Solving:Treat your venture or nonprofit as a passionate career, not just a hobbyPut your whole self—brain, energy and opportunities—into your missionEmbrace challenges and persist through setbacks; don't give up if progress is slowSurround yourself with people who share your passion and driveThink entrepreneurially, even in nonprofit work, to build sustainability and legacyBy following Alan's example and advice, you can make creative problem-solving a skill. With practice and effort, you could make it a superpower that enables you to do more good in the world.Remember, however, that research into success suggests that building on your own superpowers is more important than creating new ones or overcoming weaknesses. You do you!Guest ProfileProf. Alan Arthur Tratner (Earthling):Founder /Chairman of  Green2Gold, Green2Gold global impact Incubator---501 c 3About Green2Gold global impact Incubator---501 c 3: Helped found Earth Day and the first UN International Conference on the Human Environment. Pioneered impact incubation for over 55 years in green tech, sustainability, and regenerative solutions. Leading the transition to sustainability and a global, inclusive green economy. Supported over 100,000 members and 315 socially and environmentally responsible nonprofits.Website: Green2Gold.orgBiographical Information: Alan Arthur Tratner, is the International Director of Green2Gold and has served as the President of the Inventors Workshop International and the Entrepreneur's Workshop, Director of the Small Business Entrepreneurship Center in California, a SCORE (US SBA) consultant, and was publisher of the Lightbulb Journal and INVENT! magazines. He is an inventor and serial entrepreneur, with 13 inventions/patents. He has been dubbed the “Minister of Ideas” by the media and has been featured in the Wall Street Journal, Inc., Entrepreneur, Business Week, TIME, USA Today, America Online Forum, NPR, and has appeared on OPRAH, CNN, Good Morning America, and CNBC. Alan has mentored and assisted thousands of green technology, sustainable ecology and energy companies and inventors. He was a former Professor of Environment and Energy, participated in the First International United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm Sweden, was staff member of Environmental Quality Magazine and helped establish Earth Day. He founded the Environmental Education Group Foundation with many supporters, including Nobel prize winner Dennis Gabor. Alan traveled the USA conducting the Ultimate Crisis and Solutions for Survival seminars, led an environmental and alternative energy delegation to the former Soviet Union for the Citizen's Ambassador Program. He was editor of Energies Journal for the Solar Energy Society of America, published the Geothermal Energy magazine and Geothermal World Directory. In the 1990's he became Director of the Green Business Conference of the ECO EXPO, created the Eco Inventors and Eco Entrepreneurs Workshops, and the New Environmental Technologies Exhibits. In 2012, Alan was inducted into the International Green Industries Hall of Fame and honored with Lifetime Achievement.Linkedin: linkedin.com/in/prof-alan-tratner-3935506/Support Our SponsorsOur generous sponsors make our work possible, serving impact investors, social entrepreneurs, community builders and diverse founders. Today's advertisers include FundingHope, RedLineSafety, and Ovanova PET. Learn more about advertising with us here.Max-Impact MembersThe following Max-Impact Members provide valuable financial support:Carol Fineagan, Independent Consultant | Lory Moore, Lory Moore Law | Marcia Brinton, High Desert Gear | Paul Lovejoy, Stakeholder Enterprise | Pearl Wright, Global Changemaker | Ralf Mandt, Next Pitch | Scott Thorpe, Philanthropist | Matthew Mead, Hempitecture | Michael Pratt, Qnetic | Sharon Samjitsingh, Health Care Originals | Add Your Name HereUpcoming SuperCrowd Event CalendarIf a location is not noted, the events below are virtual.Impact Cherub Club Meeting hosted by The Super Crowd, Inc., a public benefit corporation, on June 17, 2025, at 1:00 PM Eastern. Each month, the Club meets to review new offerings for investment consideration and to conduct due diligence on previously screened deals. To join the Impact Cherub Club, become an Impact Member of the SuperCrowd.SuperCrowdHour, June 18, 2025, at 12:00 PM Eastern. Jason Fishman, Co-Founder and CEO of Digital Niche Agency (DNA), will lead a session on "Crowdfund Like a Pro: Insider Marketing Secrets from Jason Fishman." He'll reveal proven strategies and marketing insights drawn from years of experience helping successful crowdfunding campaigns. Whether you're a founder planning a raise or a supporter of innovative startups, you'll gain actionable tips to boost visibility, drive engagement, and hit your funding goals. Don't miss it!Superpowers for Good Live Pitch – June 25, 2025, at 8:00 PM Eastern - Apply by June 6, 2025, to pitch your active Regulation Crowdfunding campaign live on Superpowers for Good—the e360tv show where impact meets capital. Selected founders will gain national exposure, connect with investors, and compete for prizes. To qualify, you must be raising via a FINRA-registered portal or broker-dealer and align with NC3's Community Capital Principles. Founders from underrepresented communities are especially encouraged to apply. Don't miss this chance to fuel your mission and grow your impact!SuperCrowd25, August 21st and 22nd: This two-day virtual event is an annual tradition but with big upgrades for 2025! We'll be streaming live across the web and on TV via e360tv. Soon, we'll open a process for nominating speakers. Check back!Community Event CalendarSuccessful Funding with Karl Dakin, Tuesdays at 10:00 AM ET - Click on Events.African Diaspora Investment Symposium 2025 (ADIS25), Wednesday–Friday, May 28–30, 2025, at George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA.Devin Thorpe is featured in a free virtual masterclass series hosted by Irina Portnova titled Break Free, Elevate Your Money Mindset & Call In Overflow, focused on transforming your relationship with money through personal stories and practical insights. June 8-21, 2025.Regulated Investment Crowdfunding Summit 2025, Crowdfunding Professional Association, Washington DC, October 21-22, 2025.Call for community action:Please show your support for a tax credit for investments made via Regulation Crowdfunding, benefiting both the investors and the small businesses that receive the investments. Learn more here.If you would like to submit an event for us to share with the 9,000+ changemakers, investors and entrepreneurs who are members of the SuperCrowd, click here.We use AI to help us write compelling recaps of each episode. Get full access to Superpowers for Good at www.superpowers4good.com/subscribe

Hundreds of approved devices use artificial intelligence to help physicians diagnose patients faster and more accurately. Brooke & Associates is a legal and regulatory advisory firm that helps medical device makers get AI-powered devices through FDA pre-market approval.In Episode #40 of the MedTech Speed to Data podcast, Key Tech's Andy Rogers and Lei Zong speak with the firm's managing member, Jason Brooke, about the FDA's latest guidance to medical device developers for integrating AI into their products.Need to knowAI's role in MedTech — AI identifies otherwise undetectable data patterns that humans can apply in clinically meaningful ways.FDA's AI staffing surges — The agency accelerated hiring to develop internal AI applications and support pre-market reviews of new AI-powered devices.Radiological imaging leads the pack — More than half of 900+ FDA-approved AI-based products are in radiological imaging.Other fields are catching up — Cardiology and neurology applications are more recent entrants in AI-powered devices, but their numbers are growing.The nitty-grittyThe FDA published “Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Device Software Functions: Lifecycle Management and Marketing Submission Recommendations” in early 2025 to explain how it will address AI's adaptive nature in medical device regulation.“This guidance is really focused on a total product lifecycle approach,” Brooke explains.Good management practices govern traditional medical device development, so documenting the development process in pre-market submissions is not as critical. AI model development is different because the model can evolve once in service.“There's a level of information that's necessary in submissions for AI-based technologies that we haven't had to provide to the FDA before,” Brooke says. “They want a lot of information,” Brooke says. “That's an area I think may be problematic because a lot of that is somewhat trade secret.”AI-specific guidance touches almost every aspect of a company's submission, from risk assessment to labeling to cybersecurity. Brooke highlighted how the FDA's approach to AI data management could change development practices to ensure the independence of training and validation data sets. For example, companies must separate their clinical sites geographically and temporally.“This guidance gets into the weeds,” Brooke says. “It's important for companies to understand this if they're developing an AI-based product.”Data that made the difference:In addition to discussing the FDA's proposed AI regulations, Brooke discusses the challenges companies face in bringing AI-powered medical devices to market.“If you take away anything from this podcast,” Brooke says, “it's that there's a lot of burden associated with developing an AI-based medical device. If you don't need to, then I wouldn't recommend doing it.”Slow and steady wins the race. Do your homework, plan for the FDA review, and then engage the agency at the right time to get them on board.Thoroughly characterize your data sources. Devices like ECGs can vary by vendor, model, site location, patient, and many other factors. The FDA wants to know how this variability could affect the downstream AI model.Develop a strong clinical validation plan. The FDA will limit claims and require disclosures when a device that performs well overall underperforms among certain patient groups.

Nate and Ryan get back to their discussion of “Last Night A DJ Saved My Life - The History of the Disc Jockey” by Bill Brewster and Frank Broughton. This week's episode focuses on the birth of hip-hop in the Bronx and the Holy Trinity: DJ Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash and Afrika Bambaataa. ⁠⁠⁠GO TO THE LET IT ROLL SUBSTACK TO HEAR THE FULL EPISODE⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ -- The final 15 minutes of this episode are exclusively for paying subscribers to the Let It Roll Substack. Also subscribe to the LET IT ROLL EXTRA feed on Apple, Spotify or your preferred podcast service to access the full episodes via your preferred podcast outlet. We've got all 350+ episodes listed, organized by mini-series, genre, era, co-host, guest and more. Please sign up for the email list on the site and get music essays from Nate as well as (eventually) transcriptions of every episode. Also if you can afford it please consider becoming a paid subscriber to support the show. Thanks! Email ⁠⁠⁠letitrollpodcast@gmail.com⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠Follow us on Twitter.⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠Follow us on Facebook.⁠⁠⁠ Let It Roll is proud to be part of ⁠Pantheon Podcasts. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Zara nació de la nada, pero su fundador se volvió multimillonario sin que nadie lo notara. En este episodio revelamos cómo Amancio Ortega creó el imperio de fast fashion más grande del mundo, sus decisiones más polémicas, las críticas por explotación y el peligro real que hoy enfrenta su legado. ¿Puede Zara sobrevivir a Shein y a la moda lenta?

An episode that fans the flames of burnout through writing!In Episode 134 of The Autistic Culture Podcast, Dr Angela Kingdon dives into something every Autistic writer confronts: burnout recovery! Writing can serve as a powerful tool to help reconnect with your sense of self, process overwhelm, and gently rebuild energy. Plus, we announce our amazing winners from our second writing contest—over 50 neurodivergent writers entered!!Here are our top two entries.OUR WINNER

What happens when we start creating rights out of the sandbox of our own personal thought and emotion? Tune in to The Public Square® today to hear more. Topic: Abortion The Public Square® with hosts Dave Zanotti and Wayne Shepherd thepublicsquare.com Air Date: Friday, May 23, 2025

Chaque année au printemps c'est la fête des mères en France ! N'oubliez pas la date ! Elle est fixée par le Code de l'action sociale et des familles… à l'article D215-2, on peut lire : “La fête des mères est fixée au dernier dimanche de mai. Si cette date coïncide avec celle de la Pentecôte, la fête des mères a lieu le premier dimanche de juin.” “Mais la fête des mères…C'est le maréchal Pétain qui l'a inventé !” Alors non, on vous arrête tout de suite, la fête des mères existait avant le régime de Vichy et non ce n'est pas le Maréchal Pétain qui l'a inventé ! Pourquoi pense-t-on que la fête des mères a été inventée par le régime de Vichy ? D'où vient vraiment la fête des mères ? Pourquoi le maréchal Pétain a-t-il valorisé cette fête ? Écoutez la suite de cet épisode de Maintenant vous savez ! Un podcast Bababam Originals écrit et réalisé par Hugo de l'Estrac. À écouter ensuite : Pourquoi le service militaire obligatoire a-t-il disparu en France ? D'où vient la fête des pères ? Qu'est-ce que le comité du 9 mai, ce collectif néofasciste ? Retrouvez tous les épisodes de "Maintenant vous savez".Suivez Bababam sur Instagram. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The internet, GPS, autonomous vehicles... they all have one thing in common: they're existence is in large part down to the DARPA (the US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency). And the UK is trying to repeat the success of that agency with its own: ARIA (the Advanced Research and Invention Agency). The organisation's CEO, Ilan Gur, joins Katie to discuss how. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

durée : 00:03:52 - Les P'tits Bateaux - par : Camille Crosnier - Maël a 12 ans, son papi et lui se demandent qui a inventé les premiers tracteurs ? Bruno Jacomy est historien des techniques, il lui répond. - réalisé par : Stéphanie TEXIER

La Fête des Mères 2025 sera célébrée ce dimanche 25 mai 2025 ! Fleurs, colliers de nouilles et poèmes écrits par Chat GPT, la journée risque d'être remplie. Mais qui a inventé cette fête ? Cette saison dans "RTL Matin", Florian Gazan répond aux questions pas si bêtes qui nous passent par la tête. Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Dans les années 1880, l'électricité est encore une technologie nouvelle… et un champ de bataille industriel féroce. Deux camps s'affrontent : le courant continu, défendu par Thomas Edison, et le courant alternatif, promu par Nikola Tesla et George Westinghouse.Ce conflit portera un nom : la "guerre des courants".Et au cœur de cette guerre, Edison va prendre une décision aussi spectaculaire que cynique : financer la création de la chaise électrique, un dispositif de mise à mort… pour démontrer la dangerosité du courant alternatif.Au départ, Edison croit fermement au courant continu, ou DC (direct current), qu'il développe pour alimenter les premières installations électriques à New York. Mais le courant continu est limité : il ne peut pas voyager sur de longues distances sans perte de puissance. Le courant alternatif, ou AC (alternating current), que développe Tesla et que Westinghouse finance, permet une distribution plus large et plus souple.Edison le sait : sur le plan technique, l'AC est plus efficace. Mais il ne veut pas perdre la bataille commerciale. Alors il change de stratégie : il s'attaque à l'image du courant alternatif. Il veut que le public l'associe à la mort. En 1888, un comité de l'État de New York cherche un nouveau mode d'exécution, considéré plus "humain" que la pendaison. Edison y voit une opportunité. Il soutient dans l'ombre un ancien employé mécontent, Harold Brown, qui propose l'utilisation… du courant alternatif.Edison ne veut pas apparaître publiquement dans l'affaire, mais il fournit du matériel, des conseils, et même des cobayes : des chiens, des chevaux… et même un éléphant, Topsy, électrocuté en public en 1903, bien après les débuts du projet. Le but : prouver que l'AC est mortel, imprévisible, dangereux.Le 6 août 1890, à la prison d'Auburn, William Kemmler devient le premier homme exécuté sur une chaise électrique. L'appareil utilise du courant alternatif fourni… par une machine Westinghouse.L'exécution est un désastre. La première décharge ne le tue pas. Une deuxième est nécessaire. Des témoins décrivent une scène atroce. Westinghouse s'indigne : « Ils auraient mieux fait d'utiliser une hache. »Malgré tout, le mal est fait : le courant alternatif a été associé à la mort. L'expression "westinghousé" entre même dans le langage courant pour dire "électrocuté".Mais ironie du sort : c'est bien le courant alternatif qui finira par s'imposer partout dans le monde… y compris pour alimenter les maisons d'Edison. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Le vent se lève ? Si tu es dans un endroit dégagé, c'est le moment de sortir ton cerf-volant ! Julien t'emmène en Asie pour te raconter l'histoire de cette invention qu'on peut admirer aujourd'hui dans des formes, des tailles et des couleurs incroyables.Les cerfs-volants existaient déjà il y a 3 000 ansL'invention du cerf-volant vient d'Asie, probablement en Chine. Mais il en existait aussi dans des îles de l'océan Pacifique. Difficile de savoir précisément qui a eu l'idée en premier. Une chose est sûre, c'est que les Chinois s'en servaient déjà il y a 3 000 ans environ.Ce que l'on sait aussi, c'est que son nom français n'a rien à voir avec le cerf ! En vieux français, on disait « serp-volante » (« serp », comme serpent). Dans beaucoup d'autres langues, le mot cerf-volant fait également allusion au serpent ou au dragon…Voler avec le vent pour faire peur, rendre hommage aux esprits ou s'amuser…À force de faire des essais, au fil des siècles, les humains ont appris à utiliser le vent, ils ont réussi à fabriquer des voiles plus sophistiquées avec de la soie… et donné des formes différentes aux cerfs-volants. Les militaires chinois s'en sont servis sur les champs de bataille pour terroriser leurs ennemis ou envoyer des signaux.Avec le temps, le cerf-volant a également été utilisé pour des cérémonies… Dans certains pays, c'est une tradition de les sortir lors de fêtes religieuses, comme un hommage aux esprits du ciel.Aujourd'hui, on fait voler les cerfs-volants juste pour s'amuser, pour le plaisir ! Il existe même un grand festival à Berck-sur Mer, sur la côte nord de la France. Chaque année, on peut y admirer des cerfs-volants venus du monde entier… de toutes les formes, toutes les tailles et toutes les couleurs !

"To read Jeff Bezos's shareholder letters is to get a crash course in running a high-growth internet business from someone who mastered it before any of the playbooks were written." That is the best description of Bezos's letters I have ever read. I just finished rereading these letters for the 4th or 5th time. With clear thinking and ferocious intelligence, Bezos provides a masterclass in building a customer-obsessed, enduring franchise. With relentless repetition Bezos teaches us about the importance of invention, risk-taking, wandering, differentiation, technology, judgement, high-standards, customer obsession, long-term orientation, and why value trumps everything. Read the letters on Amazon's website here.Or in the book Invent and Wander: The Collected Writings of Jeff BezosRegister for the live event in New York at Ramp! Ramp gives you everything you need to control spend, watch your costs, and optimize your financial operations —all on a single platform. Make history's greatest entrepreneurs proud by going to Ramp and learning how they can help your business control your costs and save time and money.Join my free email newsletter to get my top 10 highlights from every book( 15:00 ) Setting the bar high in our approach to hiring has been, and will continue to be, the single most important element of Amazon success. It's not easy to work here but we are working to build something important, something that matters to our customers, something that we can all tell our grandchildren about. Such things aren't meant to be easy.( 24:00 ) We believe we have reached a "tipping point," where this platform allows us to launch new ecommerce businesses faster, with a higher quality of customer experience, a lower incremental cost, a higher chance of success, and a faster path to scale and profitability than any other company.( 27:00 ) We will continue to invest heavily in introductions to new customers. Though it's sometimes hard to imagine with all that has happened in the last five years, this remains Day 1 for ecommerce, and these are the early days of category formation where many customers are forming relationships for the first time. We must work hard to grow the number of customers who shop with us.( 37:00 ) Focus on cost improvement makes it possible for us to afford to lower prices, which drives growth. Growth spreads fixed costs across more sales, reducing cost per unit, which makes possible more price reductions. Customers like this, and it's good for shareholders. Please expect us to repeat this loop.( 47:00 ) Our quantitative understanding of elasticity is short-term. We can estimate what a price reduction will do this week and this quarter. But we cannot numerically estimate the effect that consistently lowering prices will have on our business over five years or ten years or more. Our judgment is that relentlessly returning efficiency improvements and scale economies to customers in the form of lower prices creates a virtuous cycle that leads over the long term to a much larger dollar amount of free cash flow, and thereby to a much more valuable Amazon.( 55:00 ) Our fundamental approach remains the same. Stay heads down, focused on the long term and obsessed over customers. Long-term thinking levers our existing abilities and lets us do new things we couldn't otherwise contemplate. Seek instant gratification and chances are you'll find a crowd there ahead of you. ( 56:00 ) Long-term orientation interacts well with customer obsession. If we can identify a customer need and if we can further develop conviction that that need is meaningful and durable, our approach permits us to work patiently for multiple years to deliver a solution.( 59:00 ) Invention is in our DNA and technology is the fundamental tool we wield to evolve and improve every aspect of the experience we provide our customers.( 1:00:00 ) A dreamy business offering has at least four characteristics. Customers love it, it can grow to very large size, it has strong returns on capital, and it's durable in time-with the potential to endure for decades. When you find one of these get married.( 1:02:00 ) We all know that if you swing for the fences, you're going to strike out a lot, but you're also going to hit some home runs. The difference between baseball and business, however, is that baseball has a truncated outcome distribution. When you swing, no matter how well you connect with the ball, the most runs you can get is four. In business, every once in a while, when you step up to the plate, you can score one thousand runs. This long-tailed distribution of returns is why it's important to be bold. Big winners pay for so many experiments.( 1:10:00) When a memo isn't great, it's not the writer's inability to recognize the high standard, but instead a wrong expectation on scope: they mistakenly believe a high standards, six-page memo can be written in one or two days or even a few hours, when really it might take a week or more! They're trying to perfect a handstand in just two weeks, and we're not coaching them right. The great memos are written and re-written, shared with colleagues who are asked to improve the work, set aside for a couple of days, and then edited again with a fresh mind. They simply can't be done in a day or two. The key point here is that you can improve results through the simple act of teaching scope-that a great memo probably should take a week or more.( 1:12:00 ) Sometimes (often actually) in business, you do know where you're going, and when you do, you can be efficient. Put in place a plan and execute. In contrast, wandering in business is not efficient-but it's also not random. It's guided-by hunch, gut, intuition, curiosity, and powered by a deep conviction that the prize for customers is big enough that it's worth being a little messy and tangential to find our way there. Wandering is an essential counterbalance to efficiency. You need to employ both. The outsized discoveries-the "nonlinear" ones-are highly likely to require wandering. ----Founders Notes gives you the ability to tap into the collective knowledge of history's greatest entrepreneurs on demand. Use it to supplement the decisions you make in your work. Get access to Founders Notes here. ----“I have listened to every episode released and look forward to every episode that comes out. The only criticism I would have is that after each podcast I usually want to buy the book because I am interested so my poor wallet suffers. ” — GarethBe like Gareth. Buy a book: All the books featured on Founders Podcast

durée : 00:04:12 - Les P'tits Bateaux - par : Camille Crosnier - Milan, 14 ans, s'est "toujours demandé" qui avait inventé les sandwichs. L'historien Loïc Bienassis apporte des précisions sur une légende bien connue… mais pas tout à fait exacte. - invités : Loïc Bienassis - Loïc Bienassis : Chercheur à l'Institut Européen d'Histoire et des Cultures de l'Alimentation de l'université de Tours - réalisé par : Stéphanie TEXIER

Dans les années 70, Bernard Mabille menait une vie à mille à l'heure ! Retrouvez tous les jours le meilleur des Grosses Têtes en podcast sur RTL.fr et l'application RTL.Distribué par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

Sam Altman's outsize ambition and messianic optimism take center stage in a conversation with Keach Hagey, author of The Optimist: Sam Altman, OpenAI, and the Race to Invent the Future. From failed flip-phone apps to billion-dollar AI bets, Altman emerges as one of Silicon Valley's most effective—and unsettling—dream merchants. Plus: Trump's flying palace may be more than a bribe; it's a perfect symbol of soft corruption via cushy luxury. And of all the cease-fires for Trump to broker, he chooses one where U.S. weapons and interests are barely at stake. Produced by Corey WaraEmail us at ⁠⁠⁠⁠thegist@mikepesca.com⁠⁠⁠⁠To advertise on the show, contact ⁠⁠⁠⁠sales@advertisecast.com⁠⁠⁠⁠ or visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://advertising.libsyn.com/TheGist⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe to The Gist: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://subscribe.mikepesca.com/⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe to The Gist Youtube Page: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4_bh0wHgk2YfpKf4rg40_g⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe to The Gist Instagram Page: ⁠⁠⁠⁠GIST INSTAGRAM⁠⁠⁠⁠Follow The Gist List at: ⁠⁠⁠⁠Pesca⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠Profundities | Mike Pesca | Substack⁠⁠⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

What does it take to scale a hardware product globally—without outside debt—and land a co-branded deal with an industry giant like DeWalt? In this episode of That Entrepreneur Show, visionary entrepreneur, engineer, and maker Nimo Rotem shares his journey from failed startups to global success with Grabo, a revolutionary power tool transforming the construction and manufacturing space.Nimo discusses his early lessons from building a 3D-printed insole startup fresh out of college, the harsh realities of hardware versus software entrepreneurship, and how bootstrapping with strategic patience paved the way for long-term growth. He dives into scaling across continents, managing teams in China and the U.S., and negotiating co-branding deals without giving up ownership.Whether you're in your first year or scaling to new heights, this episode is packed with practical advice on manufacturing, product development, and financial strategy—all from someone who built a global company from scratch.Key Topics:Why Nimo avoids borrowing money—even in hardware startupsLessons from a failed first ventureGrabo's origin story and industry disruptionPartnering with DeWalt while retaining controlThe high stakes of hardware quality and scalingTune in to get inspired, learn from the bumps in the road, and hear how one founder turned his prototype into a worldwide product line.Support the showWant the freebie from our guest? Question for our guest or Vincent? Want to become a guest or show partner? Email Danica at PodcastsByLanci@gmail.com.Show Partners:Coming Alive Podcast Production: www.comingalivepodcastproduction.comJohn Ford's Empathy Card Set and App: https://www.empathyset.com/ Music Credits: Copyright Free Music from Adventure by MusicbyAden.

Levi help Jacob patent the famous rivet on the Levis jeans that make the pockets so durable. That is how Levis starts to build the empire. Dave Young: Welcome to the Empire Builders Podcast, teaching business owners the not-so-secret techniques that took famous businesses from mom and pop to major brands. Stephen Simple is a marketing consultant, story collector, and storyteller. I'm Stephen's sidekick and business partner Dave Young. Before we get into today's episode, a word from our sponsor, which is, well, it's us, but we're highlighting ads we've written and produced for our clients. So here's one of those. [OG Law Ad] Dave Young: Welcome to the Empire Builders Podcast, Dave Young, here alongside Stephen Semple. We're talking about empires, we're talking about things that people built, businesses, and you know what I mean, empires. Stephen Semple: That sort of thing. Dave Young: What don't you get about empires? Come on. Boy, the one you just whispered in my ear as the countdown started, I know a little bit about it just because it's like a classic business lesson. Right? Stephen Semple: Yeah. Dave Young: If you're going to follow the gold rush, man, don't dig for gold, sell to miners. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Oh yeah. Yeah. Big time. Dave Young: You said it's going to be Levi's, so I assume Levi Strauss and Company. Stephen Semple: Yep. Dave Young: This is the guy that started the little store to sell to the miners out in California. Stephen Semple: Yeah. We're going way back because Levi Strauss was founded May 1, 1853. So we're going way back. Today, it's trades on the stock exchange under L-E-V-I, Levi. They've got 3,400 company operated stores. They do like 6 billion in sales and almost 19,000 employees. It is the best selling five pocket gene out there. Dave Young: I don't even think about them as having stores for some reason. That must be outlet mall kind of things. Stephen Semple: Yeah, I think that's primarily what they are because, again, I was the same. I looked, I went 3,400 stores, boy. It's one of those ones you just don't think about it. Dave Young: Yeah. In high school, man, if you weren't wearing Levi, button-up five-pocket jeans, you weren't cool at all unless you had the Jordache back in the day designer jeans. Stephen Semple: There you go. Dave Young: You either go standard Levi's or full designer. God help if your mom bought you Lee. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Dave Young: Or some off-brand from Sears. Stephen Semple: Yep. Oh yeah. Then it was going to be a rough week at school. Dave Young: Well, take us back to 1853. Stephen Semple: The other thing that's interesting is they hold the original patent for the rivet in the jeans. They actually hold the original patent for that. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: You know the little rivet that you see in the jeans? Dave Young: Yeah. Stephen Semple: That's their original patent. Dave Young: Well, that's cool. Stephen Semple: Yeah. Now, jeans were not invented by Levi, so that's often a misconception. The company was started by Levi Strauss, and Levi was a Bavarian immigrant. He actually first had a business doing dry goods in New York City. He built that business basically selling these dry goods door-to-door. Dave Young: Okay. Stephen Semple: As you were talking about, Dave, he hears about this thing called the Gold Rush in California. The boom is amazing. I knew it was a boom, but I didn't realize this. In the two years from 1849 to 1850, the population in San Francisco grew from 1,000 people to 25,000 people in two years. Dave Young: I know the Oregon Trail, but man. Stephen Semple: That is just mind blowing. Dave Young: I think a fair number of them actually sailed around South America. Stephen Semple: When people talk about it being a boom and a rush,

Much has been made of the hallucinatory qualities of OpenAI's ChatGPT product. But as the Wall Street Journal's resident authority on OpenAI, Keach Hagey notes, perhaps the most hallucinatory feature the $300 billion start-up co-founded by the deadly duo of Sam Altman and Elon Musk is its attempt to be simultaneously a for-profit and non-profit company. As Hagey notes, the double life of this double company reached a surreal climax this week when Altman announced that OpenAI was abandoning its promised for-profit conversion. So what, I asked Hagey, are the implications of this corporate volte-face for investors who have poured billions of real dollars into the non-profit in order to make a profit? Will they be Waiting For Godot to get their returns?As Hagey - whose excellent biography of Altman, The Optimist, is out in a couple of weeks - explains, this might be the story of the hubristic 2020's. She speaks of Altman's astonishingly (even for Silicon Valley) hubris in believing that he can get away with the alchemic conceit of inventing a multi trillion dollar for-profit non-profit company. Yes, you can be half-pregnant, Sam is promising us. But, as she warns, at some point this will be exposed as fantasy. The consequences might not exactly be another Enron or FTX, but it will have ramifications way beyond beyond Silicon Valley. What will happen, for example, if future investors aren't convinced by Altman's fantasy and OpenAI runs out of cash? Hagey suggests that the OpenAI story may ultimately become a political drama in which a MAGA President will be forced to bail out America's leading AI company. It's TikTok in reverse (imagine if Chinese investors try to acquire OpenAI). Rather than the conveniently devilish Elon Musk, my sense is that Sam Altman is auditioning to become the real Jay Gatsby of our roaring twenties. Last month, Keach Hagey told me that Altman's superpower is as a salesman. He can sell anything to anyone, she says. But selling a non-profit to for-profit venture capitalists might even be a bridge too far for Silicon Valley's most hallucinatory optimist. Five Key Takeaways * OpenAI has abandoned plans to convert from a nonprofit to a for-profit structure, with pressure coming from multiple sources including attorneys general of California and Delaware, and possibly influenced by Elon Musk's opposition.* This decision will likely make it more difficult for OpenAI to raise money, as investors typically want control over their investments. Despite this, Sam Altman claims SoftBank will still provide the second $30 billion chunk of funding that was previously contingent on the for-profit conversion.* The nonprofit structure creates inherent tensions within OpenAI's business model. As Hagey notes, "those contradictions are still there" after nearly destroying the company once before during Altman's brief firing.* OpenAI's leadership is trying to position this as a positive change, with plans to capitalize the nonprofit and launch new programs and initiatives. However, Hagey notes this is similar to what Altman did at Y Combinator, which eventually led to tensions there.* The decision is beneficial for competitors like XAI, Anthropic, and others with normal for-profit structures. Hagey suggests the most optimistic outcome would be OpenAI finding a way to IPO before "completely imploding," though how a nonprofit-controlled entity would do this remains unclear.Keach Hagey is a reporter at The Wall Street Journal's Media and Marketing Bureau in New York, where she focuses on the intersection of media and technology. Her stories often explore the relationships between tech platforms like Facebook and Google and the media. She was part of the team that broke the Facebook Files, a series that won a George Polk Award for Business Reporting, a Gerald Loeb Award for Beat Reporting and a Deadline Award for public service. Her investigation into the inner workings of Google's advertising-technology business won recognition from the Society for Advancing Business Editing and Writing (Sabew). Previously, she covered the television industry for the Journal, reporting on large media companies such as 21st Century Fox, Time Warner and Viacom. She led a team that won a Sabew award for coverage of the power struggle inside Viacom. She is the author of “The King of Content: Sumner Redstone's Battle for Viacom, CBS and Everlasting Control of His Media Empire,” published by HarperCollins. Before joining the Journal, Keach covered media for Politico, the National in Abu Dhabi, CBS News and the Village Voice. She has a bachelor's and a master's in English literature from Stanford University. She lives in Irvington, N.Y., with her husband, three daughters and dog.Named as one of the "100 most connected men" by GQ magazine, Andrew Keen is amongst the world's best known broadcasters and commentators. In addition to presenting the daily KEEN ON show, he is the host of the long-running How To Fix Democracy interview series. He is also the author of four prescient books about digital technology: CULT OF THE AMATEUR, DIGITAL VERTIGO, THE INTERNET IS NOT THE ANSWER and HOW TO FIX THE FUTURE. Andrew lives in San Francisco, is married to Cassandra Knight, Google's VP of Litigation & Discovery, and has two grown children. Full TranscriptAndrew Keen: Hello, everybody. It is May the 6th, a Tuesday, 2025. And the tech media is dominated today by OpenAI's plan to convert its for-profit business to a non-profit side. That's how the Financial Times is reporting it. New York Times says that OpenAI, and I'm quoting them, backtracks on plans to drop nonprofit control and the Wall Street Journal, always very authoritative on the tech front, leads with Open AI abandons planned for profit conversion. The Wall Street Journal piece is written by Keach Hagey, who is perhaps America's leading authority on OpenAI. She was on the show a couple of months ago talking about Sam Altman's superpower which is as a salesman. Keach is also the author of an upcoming book. It's out in a couple weeks, "The Optimist: Sam Altman, OpenAI and the Race to Invent the Future." And I'm thrilled that Keach has been remarkably busy today, as you can imagine, found a few minutes to come onto the show. So, Keach, what is Sam selling here? You say he's a salesman. He's always selling something or other. What's the sell here?Keach Hagey: Well, the sell here is that this is not a big deal, right? The sell is that, this thing they've been trying to do for about a year, which is to make their company less weird, it's not gonna work. And as he was talking to the press yesterday, he was trying to suggest that they're still gonna be able to fundraise, that these folks that they promised that if you give us money, we're gonna convert to a for-profit and it's gonna be much more normal investment for you, but they're gonna get that money, which is you know, a pretty tough thing. So that's really, that's what he's selling is that this is not disruptive to the future of OpenAI.Andrew Keen: For people who are just listening, I'm looking at Keach's face, and I'm sensing that she's doing everything she can not to burst out laughing. Is that fair, Keach?Keach Hagey: Well, it'll remain to be seen, but I do think it will make it a lot harder for them to raise money. I mean, even Sam himself said as much during the talk yesterday that, you know, investors would like to be able to have some say over what happens to their money. And if you're controlled by a nonprofit organization, that's really tough. And what they were trying to do was convert to a new world where investors would have a seat at the table, because as we all remember, when Sam got briefly fired almost two years ago. The investors just helplessly sat on the sidelines and didn't have any say in the matter. Microsoft had absolutely no role to play other than kind of cajoling and offering him a job on the sidelines. So if you're gonna try to raise money, you really need to be able to promise some kind of control and that's become a lot harder.Andrew Keen: And the ramifications more broadly on this announcement will extend to Microsoft and Microsoft stock. I think their stock is down today. We'll come to that in a few minutes. Keach, there was an interesting piece in the week, this week on AI hallucinations are getting worse. Of course, OpenAI is the dominant AI company with their ChatGPT. But is this also kind of hallucination? What exactly is going on here? I have to admit, and I always thought, you know, I certainly know more about tech than I do about other subjects, which isn't always saying very much. But I mean, either you're a nonprofit or you're a for-profit, is there some sort of hallucinogenic process going on where Sam is trying to sell us on the idea that OpenAI is simultaneously a for profit and a nonprofit company?Keach Hagey: Well, that's kind of what it is right now. That's what it had sort of been since 2019 or when it spun up this strange structure where it had a for-profit underneath a nonprofit. And what we saw in the firing is that that doesn't hold. There's gonna come a moment when those two worlds are going to collide and it nearly destroyed the company. To be challenging going forward is that that basic destabilization that like unstable structure remains even though now everything is so much bigger there's so much more money coursing through and it's so important for the economy. It's a dangerous position.Andrew Keen: It's not so dangerous, you seem still faintly amused. I have to admit, I'm more than faintly amused, it's not too bothersome for us because we don't have any money in OpenAI. But for SoftBank and the other participants in the recent $40 billion round of investment in OpenAI, this must be, to say the least, rather disconcerting.Keach Hagey: That was one of the biggest surprises from the press conference yesterday. Sam Altman was asked point blank, is SoftBank still going to give you this sort of second chunk, this $30 billion second chunk that was contingent upon being able to convert to a for-profit, and he said, quite simply, yes. Who knows what goes on in behind the scenes? I think we're gonna find out probably a lot more about that. There are many unanswered questions, but it's not great, right? It's definitely not great for investors.Andrew Keen: Well, you have to guess at the very minimum, SoftBank would be demanding better terms. They're not just going to do the same thing. I mean, it suddenly it suddenly gives them an additional ace in their hand in terms of negotiation. I mean this is not some sort of little startup. This is 30 or 40 billion dollars. I mean it's astonishing number. And presumably the non-public conversations are very interesting. I'm sure, Keach, you would like to know what's being said.Keach Hagey: Don't know yet, but I think your analysis is pretty smart on this matter.Andrew Keen: So if you had to guess, Sam is the consummate salesman. What did he tell SoftBank before April to close the round? And what is he telling them now? I mean, how has the message changed?Keach Hagey: One of the things that we see a little bit about this from the messaging that he gave to the world yesterday, which is this is going to be a simpler structure. It is going to be slightly more normal structure. They are changing the structure a little bit. So although the non-profit is going to remain in charge, the thing underneath it, the for-profit, is going change its structure a little bit and become kind of a little more normal. It's not going to have this capped profit thing where, you know, the investors are capped at 100 times what they put in. So parts of it are gonna become more normal. For employees, it's probably gonna be easier for them to get equity and things like that. So I'm sure that that's part of what he's selling, that this new structure is gonna be a little bit better, but it's not gonna be as good as what they were trying to do.Andrew Keen: Can Sam? I mean, clearly he has sold it. I mean as we joked earlier when we talked, Sam could sell ice to the Laplanders or sand to the Saudis. But these people know Sam. It's no secret that he's a remarkable salesman. That means that sometimes you have to think carefully about what he's saying. What's the impact on him? To what extent is this decision one more chip on the Altman brand?Keach Hagey: It's a setback for sure, and it's kind of a win for Elon Musk, his rival.Andrew Keen: Right.Keach Hagey: Elon has been suing him, Elon has been trying to block this very conversion. And in the end, it seems like it was actually the attorneys general of California and Delaware that really put the nail in the coffin here. So there's still a lot to find out about exactly how it all shook out. There were actually huge campaigns as well, like in the streets, billboards, posters. Polls saying, trying to put pressure on the attorney general to block this thing. So it was a broad coalition, I think, that opposed the conversion, and you can even see that a little bit in their speech. But you got to admit that Elon probably looked at this and was happy.Andrew Keen: And I'm sure Elon used his own X platform to promote his own agenda. Is this an example, Keach, in a weird kind of way of the plebiscitary politics now of Silicon Valley is that titans like Altman and Musk are fighting out complex corporate economic battles in the naked public of social media.Keach Hagey: Yes, in the naked public of social media, but what we're also seeing here is that it's sort of, it's become through the apparatus of government. So we're seeing, you know, Elon is in the Doge office and this conversion is really happening in the state AG's houses. So that's what's sort interesting to me is these like private fights have now expanded to fill both state and federal government.Andrew Keen: Last time we talked, I couldn't find the photo, but there was a wonderful photo of, I think it was Larry Ellison and Sam Altman in the Oval Office with Trump. And Ellison looked very excited. He looked extremely old as well. And Altman looked very awkward. And it's surprising to see Altman look awkward because generally he doesn't. Has Trump played a role in this or is he keeping out of it?Keach Hagey: As far as my current reporting right now, we have no reporting that Trump himself was directly involved. I can't go further than that right now.Andrew Keen: Meaning that you know something that you're not willing to ignore.Keach Hagey: Just I hope you keep your subscription to the Wall Street Journal on what role the White House played, I would say. But as far as that awkwardness, I don't know if you noticed that there was a box that day for Masa Yoshison to see.Andrew Keen: Oh yeah, and Son was in the office too, right, that was the third person.Keach Hagey: So it was a box in the podium, which I think contributed to the awkwardness of the day, because he's not a tall man.Andrew Keen: Right. To put it politely. The way that OpenAI spun it, in classic Sam Altman terms, is new funding to build towards AGI. So it's their Altman-esque use of the public to vindicate this new investment, is this just more quote unquote, and this is my word. You don't have to agree with it. Just sales pitch or might even be dishonesty here. I mean, the reality is, is new funding to build towards AGI, which is, artificial general intelligence. It's not new funding, to build toward AGI. It's new funding to build towards OpenAI, there's no public benefit of any of this, is there?Keach Hagey: Well, what they're saying is that the nonprofit will be capitalized and will sort of be hiring up and doing a bunch more things that it wasn't really doing. We'll have programs and initiatives and all of that. Which really, as someone who studied Sam's life, this sounds really a lot like what he did at Y Combinator. When he was head of Y Combinator, he also spun up a nonprofit arm, which is actually what OpenAI grew out of. So I think in Sam's mind, a nonprofit there's a place to go. Sort of hash out your ideas, it's a place to kind of have pet projects grow. That's where he did things like his UBI study. So I can sort of see that once the AGs are like, this is not gonna happen, he's like, great, we'll just make a big nonprofit and I'll get to do all these projects I've always wanted to do.Andrew Keen: Didn't he get thrown out of Y Combinator by Paul Graham for that?Keach Hagey: Yes, a little bit. You know, I would say there's a general mutiny for too much of that kind of stuff. Yeah, it's true. People didn't love it, and they thought that he took his eye off the ball. A little bit because one of those projects became OpenAI, and he became kind of obsessed with it and stopped paying attention. So look, maybe OpenAI will spawn the next thing, right? And he'll get distracted by that and move on.Andrew Keen: No coincidence, of course, that Sam went on to become a CEO of OpenAI. What does it mean for the broader AI ecosystem? I noted earlier you brought up Microsoft. I mean, I think you've already written on this and lots of other people have written about the fact that the relationship between OpenAI and Microsoft has cooled dramatically. As well as between Nadella and Altman. What does this mean for Microsoft? Is it a big deal?Keach Hagey: They have been hashing this out for months. So it is a big deal in that it will change the structure of their most important partner. But even before this, Microsoft and OpenAI were sort of locked in negotiations over how large and how Microsoft's stake in this new OpenAI will be valued. And that still has to be determined, regardless of whether it's a non-profit or a for-profit in charge. And their interests are diverging. So those negotiations are not as warm as they maybe would have been a few years ago.Andrew Keen: It's a form of polyamory, isn't it? Like we have in Silicon Valley, everyone has sex with everybody else, to put it politely.Keach Hagey: Well, OpenAI does have a new partner in Oracle. And I would expect them to have many more in terms of cloud computing partners going forward. It's just too much risk for any one company to build these huge and expensive data centers, not knowing that OpenAI is going to exist in a certain number of years. So they have to diversify.Andrew Keen: Keach, you know, this is amusing and entertaining and Altman is a remarkable individual, able to sell anything to anyone. But at what point are we really on the Titanic here? And there is such a thing as an iceberg, a real thing, whatever Donald Trump or other manufacturers of ontologies might suggest. At some point, this thing is going to end in a massive disaster.Keach Hagey: Are you talking about the Existence Force?Andrew Keen: I'm not talking about the Titanic, I'm talking about OpenAI. I mean, Parmi Olson, who's the other great authority on OpenAI, who won the FT Book of the Year last year, she's been on the show a couple of times, she wrote in Bloomberg that OpenAI can't have its money both ways, and that's what Sam is trying to do. My point is that we can all point out, excuse me, the contradictions and the hypocrisy and all the rest of it. But there are laws of gravity when it comes to economics. And at a certain point, this thing is going to crash, isn't it? I mean, what's the metaphor? Is it Enron? Is it Sam Bankman-Fried? What kind of examples in history do we need to look at to try and figure out what really is going on here?Keach Hagey: That's certainly one possibility, and there are a good number of people who believe that.Andrew Keen: Believe what, Enron or Sam Bankman-Fried?Keach Hagey: Oh, well, the internal tensions cannot hold, right? I don't know if fraud is even necessary so much as just, we've seen it, we've already seen it happen once, right, the company almost completely collapsed one time and those contradictions are still there.Andrew Keen: And when you say it happened, is that when Sam got pushed out or was that another or something else?Keach Hagey: No, no, that's it, because Sam almost got pushed out and then all of the funders would go away. So Sam needs to be there for them to continue raising money in the way that they have been raising money. And that's really going to be the question. How long can that go on? He's a young man, could go on a very long time. But yeah, I think that really will determine whether it's a disaster or not.Andrew Keen: But how long can it go on? I mean, how long could Sam have it both ways? Well, there's a dream. I mean maybe he can close this last round. I mean he's going to need to raise more than $40 billion. This is such a competitive space. Tens of billions of dollars are being invested almost on a monthly basis. So this is not the end of the road, this $40-billion investment.Keach Hagey: Oh, no. And you know, there's talk of IPO at some point, maybe not even that far away. I don't even let me wrap my mind around what it would be for like a nonprofit to have a controlling share at a public company.Andrew Keen: More hallucinations economically, Keach.Keach Hagey: But I mean, IPO is the exit for investors, right? That's the model, that is the Silicon Valley model. So it's going to have to come to that one way or another.Andrew Keen: But how does it work internally? I mean, for the guys, the sales guys, the people who are actually doing the business at OpenAI, they've been pretty successful this year. The numbers are astonishing. But how is this gonna impact if it's a nonprofit? How does this impact the process of selling, of building product, of all the other internal mechanics of this high-priced startup?Keach Hagey: I don't think it will affect it enormously in the short term. It's really just a question of can they continue to raise money for the enormous amount of compute that they need. So so far, he's been able to do that, right? And if that slows up in any way, they're going to be in trouble. Because as Sam has said many times, AI has to be cheap to be actually useful. So in order to, you know, for it to be widespread, for to flow like water, all of those things, it's got to be cheap and that's going to require massive investment in data centers.Andrew Keen: But how, I mean, ultimately people are putting money in so that they get the money back. This is not a nonprofit endeavor to put 40 billion from SoftBank. SoftBank is not in the nonprofit business. So they're gonna need their money back and the only way they generally, in my understanding, getting money back is by going public, especially with these numbers. How can a nonprofit go public?Keach Hagey: It's a great question. That's what I'm just phrasing. I mean, this is, you know, you talk to folks, this is what's like off in the misty distance for them. It's an, it's a fascinating question and one that we're gonna try to answer this week.Andrew Keen: But you look amused. I'm no financial genius. Everyone must be asking the same question.Keach Hagey: Well, the way that they've said it is that the for-profit will be, will have a, the non-profit will control the for profit and be the largest shareholder in it, but the rest of the shares could be held by public markets theoretically. That's a great question though.Andrew Keen: And lawyers all over the world must be wrapping their hands. I mean, in the very best case, it's gonna be lawsuits on this, people suing them up the wazoo.Keach Hagey: It's absolutely true. You should see my inbox right now. It's just like layers, layers, layer.Andrew Keen: Yeah, my wife. My wife is the head of litigation. I don't know if I should be saying this publicly anyway, I am. She's the head of Litigation at Google. And she lost some of her senior people and they all went over to AI. I'm big, I'm betting that they regret going over there can't be much fun being a lawyer at OpenAI.Keach Hagey: I don't know, I think it'd be great fun. I think you'd have like enormous challenges and have lots of billable hours.Andrew Keen: Unless, of course, they're personally being sued.Keach Hagey: Hopefully not. I mean, look, it is a strange and unprecedented situation.Andrew Keen: To what extent is this, if not Shakespearean, could have been written by some Greek dramatist? To what extend is this symbolic of all the hype and salesmanship and dishonesty of Silicon Valley? And in a sense, maybe this is a final scene or a penultimate scene in the Silicon Valley story of doing good for the world. And yet, of course, reaping obscene profit.Keach Hagey: I think it's a little bit about trying to have your cake and eat it too, right? Trying to have the aura of altruism, but also make something and make a lot of money. And what it seems like today is that if you started as a nonprofit, it's like a black hole. You can never get out. There's no way to get out, and that idea was just like maybe one step too clever when they set it up in the beginning, right. It seemed like too good to be true because it was. And it might end up really limiting the growth of the company.Andrew Keen: Is Sam completely in charge here? I mean, a number of the founders have left. Musk, of course, when you and I talked a couple of months ago, OpenAI came out of conversations between Musk and Sam. Is he doing this on his own? Does he have lieutenants, people who he can rely on?Keach Hagey: Yeah, I mean, he does. He has a number of folks that have been there, you know, a long time.Andrew Keen: Who are they? I mean, do we know their names?Keach Hagey: Oh, sure. Yeah. I mean, like Brad Lightcap and Jason Kwon and, you know, just they're they're Greg Brockman, of course, still there. So there are a core group of executives that have that have been there pretty much from the beginning, close to it, that he does trust. But if you're asking, like, is Sam really in control of this whole thing? I believe the answer is yes. Right. He is on the board of this nonprofit, and that nonprofit will choose the board of the for-profit. So as long as that's the case, he's in charge.Andrew Keen: How divided is OpenAI? I mean, one of the things that came out of the big crisis, what was it, 18 months ago when they tried to push him out, was it was clearly a profoundly divided company between those who believed in the nonprofit mission versus the for-profit mission. Are those divisions still as acute within the company itself? It must be growing. I don't know how many thousands of people work.Keach Hagey: It has grown very fast. It is not as acute in my experience. There was a time when it was really sort of a warring of tribes. And after the blip, as they call it, a lot of those more safety focused people, people that subscribe to effective altruism, left or were kind of pushed out. So Sam took over and kind of cleaned house.Andrew Keen: But then aren't those people also very concerned that it appears as if Sam's having his cake and eating it, having it both ways, talking about the company being a non-profit but behaving as if it is a for-profit?Keach Hagey: Oh, yeah, they're very concerned. In fact, a number of them have signed on to this open letter to the attorneys general that dropped, I don't know, a week and a half ago, something like that. You can see a number of former OpenAI employees, whistleblowers and others, saying this very thing, you know, that the AG should block this because it was supposed to be a charitable mission from the beginning. And no amount of fancy footwork is gonna make it okay to toss that overboard.Andrew Keen: And I mean, in the best possible case, can Sam, the one thing I think you and I talked about last time is Sam clearly does, he's not driven by money. There's something else. There's some other demonic force here. Could he theoretically reinvent the company so that it becomes a kind of AI overlord, a nonprofit AI overlord for our 21st century AI age?Keach Hagey: Wow, well I think he sometimes thinks of it as like an AI layer and you know, is this my overlord? Might be, you know.Andrew Keen: As long as it's not made in China, I hope it's made in India or maybe in Detroit or something.Keach Hagey: It's a very old one, so it's OK. But it's really my attention overlord, right? Yeah, so I don't know about the AI overlord part. Although it's interesting, Sam from the very beginning has wanted there to be a democratic process to control what decision, what kind of AI gets built and what are the guardrails for AGI. As long as he's there.Andrew Keen: As long as he's the one determining it, right?Keach Hagey: We talked about it a lot in the very beginning of the company when things were smaller and not so crazy. And what really strikes me is he doesn't really talk about that much anymore. But what we did just see is some advocacy organizations that kind of function in that exact way. They have voters all over the world and they all voted on, hey, we want you guys to go and try to that ended up having this like democratic structure for deciding the future of AI and used it to kind of block what he was trying to do.Andrew Keen: What are the implications for OpenAI's competitors? There's obviously Anthropic. Microsoft, we talked about a little bit, although it's a partner and a competitor simultaneously. And then of course there's Google. I assume this is all good news for the competition. And of course XAI.Keach Hagey: It is good news, especially for a company like XAI. I was just speaking to an XAI investor today who was crowing. Yeah, because those companies don't have this weird structure. Only OpenAI has this strange nonprofit structure. So if you are an investor who wants to have some exposure to AI, it might just not be worth the headache to deal with the uncertainty around the nonprofit, even though OpenAI is like the clear leader. It might be a better bet to invest in Anthropic or XAI or something else that has just a normal for-profit structure.Andrew Keen: Yeah. And it's hard to actually quote unquote out-Trump, Elon Musk on economic subterfuge. But Altman seems to have done that. I mean, Musk, what he folded X into XAI. It was a little bit of controversy, but he seems to got away with it. So there is a deep hostility between these two men, which I'm assuming is being compounded by this process.Keach Hagey: Absolutely. Again, this is a win for Elon. All these legal cases and Elon trying to buy OpenAI. I remember that bid a few months ago where he actually put a number on it. All that was about trying to block the for-profit conversion because he's trying to stop OpenAI and its tracks. He also claims they've abandoned their mission, but it's always important to note that it's coming from a competitor.Andrew Keen: Could that be a way out of this seeming box? Keach, a company like XAI or Microsoft or Google, or that probably wouldn't happen on the antitrust front, would buy OpenAI as maybe a nonprofit and then transform it into a for-profit company?Keach Hagey: Maybe you and Sam should get together and hash that out. That's the kind ofAndrew Keen: Well Sam, I'm available to be hired if you're watching. I'll probably charge less than your current consigliere. What's his name? Who's the consiglieri who's working with him on this?Keach Hagey: You mean Chris Lehane?Andrew Keen: Yes, Chris Lehane, the ego.Keach Hagey: Um,Andrew Keen: How's Lehane holding up in this? Do you think he's getting any sleep?Keach Hagey: Well, he's like a policy guy. I'm sure this has been challenging for everybody. But look, you are pointing to something that I think is real, which is there will probably be consolidation at some point down the line in AI.Andrew Keen: I mean, I know you're not an expert on the maybe sort of corporate legal stuff, but is it in theory possible to buy a nonprofit? I don't even know how you buy a non-profit and then turn it into a for-profit. I mean is that one way out of this, this cul-de-sac?Keach Hagey: I really don't know the answer to that question, to be honest with you. I can't think of another example of it happening. So I'm gonna go with no, but I don't now.Andrew Keen: There are no equivalents, sorry to interrupt, go on.Keach Hagey: No, so I was actually asking a little bit, are there precedents for this? And someone mentioned Blue Cross Blue Shield had gone from being a nonprofit to a for-profit successfully in the past.Andrew Keen: And we seem a little amused by that. I mean, anyone who uses US health care as a model, I think, might regret it. Your book, The Optimist, is out in a couple of weeks. When did you stop writing it?Keach Hagey: The end of December, end of last year, was pencils fully down.Andrew Keen: And I'm sure you told the publisher that that was far too long a window. Seven months on Silicon Valley is like seven centuries.Keach Hagey: It was actually a very, very tight timeline. They turned it around like incredibly fast. Usually it'sAndrew Keen: Remarkable, yeah, exactly. Publishing is such, such, they're such quick actors, aren't they?Keach Hagey: In this case, they actually were, so I'm grateful for that.Andrew Keen: Well, they always say that six months or seven months is fast, but it is actually possible to publish a book in probably a week or two, if you really choose to. But in all seriousness, back to this question, I mean, and I want everyone to read the book. It's a wonderful book and an important book. The best book on OpenAI out. What would you have written differently? Is there an extra chapter on this? I know you warned about a lot of this stuff in the book. So it must make you feel in some ways quite vindicated.Keach Hagey: I mean, you're asking if I'd had a longer deadline, what would I have liked to include? Well, if you're ready.Andrew Keen: Well, if you're writing it now with this news under your belt.Keach Hagey: Absolutely. So, I mean, the thing, two things, I guess, definitely this news about the for-profit conversion failing just shows the limits of Sam's power. So that's pretty interesting, because as the book was closing, we're not really sure what those limits are. And the other one is Trump. So Trump had happened, but we do not yet understand what Trump 2.0 really meant at the time that the book was closing. And at that point, it looked like Sam was in the cold, you know, he wasn't clear how he was going to get inside Trump's inner circle. And then lo and behold, he was there on day one of the Trump administration sharing a podium with him announcing that Stargate AI infrastructure investment. So I'm sad that that didn't make it into the book because it really just shows the kind of remarkable character he is.Andrew Keen: He's their Zelig, but then we all know what happened to Woody Allen in the end. In all seriousness, and it's hard to keep a straight face here, Keach, and you're trying although you're not doing a very good job, what's going to happen? I know it's an easy question to ask and a hard one to answer, but ultimately this thing has to end in catastrophe, doesn't it? I use the analogy of the Titanic. There are real icebergs out there.Keach Hagey: Look, there could be a data breach. I do think that.Andrew Keen: Well, there could be data breaches if it was a non-profit or for-profit, I mean, in terms of this whole issue of trying to have it both ways.Keach Hagey: Look, they might run out of money, right? I mean, that's one very real possibility. They might run outta money and have to be bought by someone, as you said. That is a totally real possibility right now.Andrew Keen: What would happen if they couldn't raise any more money. I mean, what was the last round, the $40 billion round? What was the overall valuation? About $350 billion.Keach Hagey: Yeah, mm-hmm.Andrew Keen: So let's say that they begin to, because they've got, what are their hard costs monthly burn rate? I mean, it's billions of just.Keach Hagey: Well, the issue is that they're spending more than they are making.Andrew Keen: Right, but you're right. So they, let's say in 18 months, they run out of runway. What would people be buying?Keach Hagey: Right, maybe some IP, some servers. And one of the big questions that is yet unanswered in AI is will it ever economically make sense, right? Right now we are all buying the possibility of in the future that the costs will eventually come down and it will kind of be useful, but that's still a promise. And it's possible that that won't ever happen. I mean, all these companies are this way, right. They are spending far, far more than they're making.Andrew Keen: And that's the best case scenario.Keach Hagey: Worst case scenario is the killer robots murder us all.Andrew Keen: No, what I meant in the best case scenario is that people are actually still without all the blow up. I mean, people are actual paying for AI. I mean on the one hand, the OpenAI product is, would you say it's successful, more or less successful than it was when you finished the book in December of last year?Keach Hagey: Oh, yes, much more successful. Vastly more users, and the product is vastly better. I mean, even in my experience, I don't know if you play with it every day.Andrew Keen: I use Anthropic.Keach Hagey: I use both Claude and ChatGPT, and I mean, they're both great. And I find them vastly more useful today than I did even when I was closing the book. So it's great. I don't know if it's really a great business that they're only charging me $20, right? That's great for me, but I don't think it's long term tenable.Andrew Keen: Well, Keach Hagey, your new book, The Optimist, your new old book, The Optimist: Sam Altman, Open AI and the Race to Invent the Future is out in a couple of weeks. I hope you're writing a sequel. Maybe you should make it The Pessimist.Keach Hagey: I think you might be the pessimist, Andrew.Andrew Keen: Well, you're just, you are as pessimistic as me. You just have a nice smile. I mean, in all reality, what's the most optimistic thing that can come out of this?Keach Hagey: The most optimistic is that this becomes a product that is actually useful, but doesn't vastly exacerbate inequality.Andrew Keen: No, I take the point on that, but in terms of this current story of this non-profit versus profit, what's the best case scenario?Keach Hagey: I guess the best case scenario is they find their way to an IPO before completely imploding.Andrew Keen: With the assumption that a non-profit can do an IPO.Keach Hagey: That they find the right lawyers from wherever they are and make it happen.Andrew Keen: Well, AI continues its hallucinations, and they're not in the product themselves. I think they're in their companies. One of the best, if not the best authority, our guide to all these hallucinations in a corporate level is Keach Hagey, her new book, The Optimist: Sam Altman, Open AI and the Race to Invent the Future is out in a couple of weeks. Essential reading for anyone who wants to understand Sam Altman as the consummate salesman. And I think one thing we can say for sure, Keach, is this is not the end of the story. Is that fair?Keach Hagey: Very fair. Not the end of the story. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit keenon.substack.com/subscribe

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On the mass-production of loyalty. *** We are exceptionally making this episode of the Reading Club freely available. See the full syllabus here: 2024/25 Reading Club. If you'd like to join, subscribe at patreon.com/bungacast/membership. *** The second reading in this block on Inter/Nationalism in the 21st Century is The Invention of Tradition (eds. Eric Hobsbawm & Terrence Ranger, 1983), specifically Hobsbawm's chapter "Mass-Producing Traditions: Europe 1870-1914". How much did ordinary people buy into invented national traditions? Why did industrialisation allow for mass-producing traditions? Does the sense of belonging fostered then still exist today? If nation-states don't require active participation any more, what does this mean for the mass-production of loyalty? Are things like social media campaigns, national holidays for diversity, or even global events like the Olympics the new “mass-produced” traditions?

Michael Dell and Shaquille O'Neal planned their work and worked their plans.Dell understood the formulas, and followed the rules, of efficiency.O'Neal understood the formulas and followed the rules of basketball.Each of them faithfully followed a Structural plan.Michael Dell invented nothing, improvised nothing, and innovated only once. But that single innovation made him a billionaire. Dell's innovation was to bring tested, reliable, proven methods of cost-cutting to the manufacturing and distribution of computers. When all his competitors were selling through retailers, Dell sold direct to consumer. This made his costs lower and his profits higher.Michael Dell's strengths are discipline, professionalism, and Structural thinking.Likewise, Shaq says, “I didn't invent basketball, but I am really good at executing the plays.” Discipline, professionalism, and Structural thinking made Shaq an extraordinary basketball player. These same characteristics also made him an amazing operator of fast-food franchises.“The most Shaq ever made playing in the NBA was $29.5 million per year. Now, it's estimated that the big man is bringing in roughly $60 million per year, much of which is coming from his portfolio of fast-food businesses around the U.S.”– 24/7wallst.comShaq didn't invent car washes or Five Guys Burgers and Fries, but he owns more than 150 of each.Michael Dell and Shaquille O'Neal are masters of Structural planning and thinking.Structural thinking relies on proven elements and best practices. “Gather the best pieces and processes and connect them together like LEGO blocks. What could possibly go wrong?”Structural planning and thinking:Invent, Improvise, Innovate?“NO, because those things are untested. We want to avoid mistakes.”Reliable, Tested, Proven?“YES!”Steve Jobs and Michael Jordon are masters of Gestalt planning and thinking.Gestalt planning and thinking:Invent, Improvise, Innovate?“YES!“Reliable, Tested, Proven?“NO, because those things are predictable. We want to be different.“The fundamental idea of Gestalt thinking is that the behavior of the whole is not determined by its individual elements; but rather that the behavior of the individual elements are determined by the intrinsic nature of the whole.It is the goal of Gestalt thinking to determine the nature of the whole, the finished product.Gestalt thinkers who can fund their experiments and survive their mistakes often become paradigm shifters and world-changers.Steve Jobs got off to a slow start because he refused to use MS-DOS, the operating system that everyone else was using. But he was sensitive to the needs and hungers of the marketplace. When Steve Jobs had a crystal-clear vision of the things that people would purchase if those things existed, he brought those things into existence.Structural thinkers rely on planning and execution. Gestalt thinkers rely on poise and flexibility, often deciding on small details at the last split-second. Ask a Gestalt thinker why they do this and most of them will tell you, “I decide at the last minute because that is when I have the most information.”The reason you never knew what Michael Jordan was going to do is because Michael Jordan had not yet decided. Michael's internal vision was simple and clear: “Put the basketball through the hoop.” With the clarity of that crystal vision shining brightly in his mind, Michael could figure out everything else along the way.Gestalt thinkers like Steve Jobs and Michael

This week, President Trump announced sweeping new tariffs that are roiling the global economy. We discuss what this could mean for the tech sector and whether this will give China a competitive advantage over the United States in the development of A.I. Then, we chat with a Wall Street Journal reporter, Keach Hagey, about her new book on Sam Altman and how she solved the mystery of his firing from OpenAI. And finally, Tinder has a new chatbot that you can practice your flirting skills with — which means it's time for a flirting competition. Guest:Keach Hagey, Wall Street Journal reporter and author of the forthcoming book The Optimist: Sam Altman, OpenAI, and the Race to Invent the Future. Additional Reading:What Trump's Sweeping Tariffs Mean for the Global Economy, and for YouTrump's New Tariffs Test Apple's Global Supply ChainThe Secrets and Misdirection Behind Sam Altman's Firing From OpenAI We want to hear from you. Email us at hardfork@nytimes.com. Find “Hard Fork” on YouTube and TikTok. Unlock full access to New York Times podcasts and explore everything from politics to pop culture. Subscribe today at nytimes.com/podcasts or on Apple Podcasts and Spotify.