Podcast appearances and mentions of Rasmus Nielsen

A inicios de 2025 se ha acaba de publicar uno de los estudios derivados del proyecto GARMIN RUNSAFE, que sigue los cuadernos de entrenamiento de más de 7000 runners amateur. En este estudio (ver link abajo) se determina (1) la tasa de lesión pasados 1000K de entrenamiento y, más interesante, (2) los factores asociados con la lesión. En este episodio analizamos estos resultados y algún que otro hallazgo más de la investigación de Rasmus Nielsen, investigador principal del citado proyecto. Using Self-Reported Training Characteristics to Better Understand Who Is More Likely to Sustain Running-Related Injuries Than Others: The Garmin-RUNSAFE Running Health Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39713859/ --- Si te ha gustado, suscríbete, ponle un Like, comenta, comparte. Gracias ! Sígueme en https://www.instagram.com/correrporsenderos/ donde publico píldoras sobre trail running y deporte endurance a diario en Stories . Puedes mandarme un MD por ahí para plantear dudas o sugerencias. Suscríbete a mi canal YouTube para ver estas explicaciones con apoyo visual: https://www.youtube.com/@C0rrerP0rSender0s Puedes ver mis entrenamientos en Strava: https://www.strava.com/athletes/93325076 --- #running #trailrunning #maraton #lesiones #endurancesports

Bjørnstjerne Christiansen is a founding member of Superflex, a Danish art collective formed in 1993 together with Jakob Fenger and Rasmus Nielsen.   Superflex's diverse body of work has taken on the form of sculptures, energy systems, beverages, hypnosis sessions, infrastructure, paintings, plant nurseries, contracts, and public spaces.  Exploring themes of economic forces, power structures and climate change, Superflex's projects have been exhibited globally, including MoMa, New York and Tate Modern, London.   Explore more of Superflex's work here

Today's episode is all about running load and injuries. Dr Rasmus Nielsen (Aarhus University, Denmark) leads the RUNSAFE research group, and today he provides an update on the latest research in running-related injuries. ------------------------------ RESOURCES Garmin-RUNSAFE Study (injury data from >7000 runners in 87 countries): https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2023.11959 Garmin-RUNSAFE Study protocol: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31494626/ Changing distance and the association with injuries: https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2019.8541

In this opening episode of our series, we'll explore the key findings from our Digital News Report 2024, the most comprehensive study of news consumption worldwide. In this opening episode of our series, we'll explore the key findings from our Digital News Report 2024, the most comprehensive study of news consumption worldwide. We will discuss some of the big headlines from the report including the evolution of platforms in how people interact with news, what people think of AI in news, the role of influencers and creators, and how much people are paying for news. We will also look at concerns around misinformation, and levels of trust and interest in news. Speakers: Nic Newman is the lead author of the Digital News Report and is a Senior Research Associate at the Reuters Institute. He is also a consultant on digital media, working actively with news companies on product, audience, and business strategies for digital transition. He writes an annual report for the Institute on future media and technology trends. Rasmus Nielsen is co-author of the Digital News Report, Director of the Reuters Institute and Professor of Political Communication at the University of Oxford. His work focuses on changes in the news media, political communication, and the role of digital technologies in both. Our host Federica Cherubini is Director of Leadership Development at the Reuters Institute. She is an expert in newsroom operations and organisational change, with more than ten years of experience spanning major publishers, research institutes and editorial networks around the world. A full transcript can be found on our website: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/our-podcast-digital-news-report-2024-episode-1-what-you-need-know

Enjoy part 2!

Rasmus founded RareWine 18 years ago back in 2006 from scratch. Now it is one of the leading wine merchants in Europe. Due to the obvious synergies (direct access to producer, broad knowledge of market dynamic etc.), they later founded their wine investment branch called RareWine Invest. During our discussion with Rasmus we touched on many topics. Especially interesting was RareWine's clear focus on Champagne and Burgundy when it comes to investing (yes you heard right, almost no Bordeaux!). He then left us in the dark while blind-tasting the wine he brought to the studio. Tune in if you want to know how wrong we were with our guesses and which wines we tasted. We only want to reveal this much: after the recording we bought several cases of the tasted wine - for investing purposes but also to enjoy drinking some of them. We had that much fun talking that we decided to split the podcast in two parts. The second part will be released soon. Let us know what you think about it!

Disappointing polling, a Canada trade deal on ice, and less money to spend on tax cuts all add up to a week of bad news for Rishi Sunak. Our reporter Joe Mayes brings us his exclusive story detailing the latest Treasury analysis ahead of the upcoming budget. Director of think-tank the British Foreign Policy Group, Evie Aspinall, talks us through the breakdown in trade talks between the UK and Canada. Plus, we get insight on what a controversial bid for ownership of the Telegraph newspaper says about politics and media in the UK from Rasmus Nielsen, professor of political communication at the University of Oxford. Hosted by Stephen Carroll and James Woolcock.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Rasmus Nielsen: From Denmark to the US: A Journey in LogisticsThank you to our podcast sponsor:  ASCEND TMS (TheFreeTMS.com) This episode is also brought to you by AscendTMS, the world's most popular & best-rated TMS. Use our referral code RA-FreightCaviar! to receive 3 months of AscendTMS Premium for free. It only takes 20 seconds to sign up and no credit card is required. Click here to learn more: https://inmotionglobal.com/features/freightcaviarInterested in sponsoring our podcast? Send us an email at pbj@freightcaviar.com. Support the show

In this opening episode of our series, we'll explore the key findings from our Digital News Report 2023, the most comprehensive study of news consumption worldwide. In this opening episode of our series, we'll explore the key findings from our Digital News Report 2023, the most comprehensive study of news consumption worldwide. We will discuss some of the big headlines from the report including how people are accessing news, perceptions of algorithms' role in news, subscriptions, news avoidance and a whole lot more. Speakers: Nic Newman is the lead author of the Digital News Report and is a Senior Research Associate at the Reuters Institute. He is also a consultant on digital media, working actively with news companies on product, audience, and business strategies for digital transition. He writes an annual report for the Institute on future media and technology trends. Rasmus Nielsen is co-author of the Digital News Report, Director of the Reuters Institute and Professor of Political Communication at the University of Oxford. His work focuses on changes in the news media, political communication, and the role of digital technologies in both. Our host Federica Cherubini is Head of Leadership Development at the Reuters Institute. She is an expert in newsroom operations and organisational change, with more than ten years of experience spanning major publishers, research institutes and editorial networks around the world. A full transcript can be found on our website: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/our-podcast-digital-news-report-2023-episode-1-what-you-need-know

Mange boligejere med gas- eller oliefyr kan se tilbage på en dyr vinter. Med svingende energipriser har der været god grund til at tænke sig om en ekstra gang, før der er blevet skruet op for varmen.En ny varmekilde kan give en lavere og mere stabil udgift til opvarmning. Og som en sidegevinst kan det forbedre husets værdi, fordi varmekilde er vigtigere for huskøbere end nogensinde før.Jyske Banks boligøkonom, Mikkel Høegh og energikonsulent Klaus Christensen fra Botjek sætter fokus på gevinsten ved at skifte varmekilde. Hvornår er investeringen tjent hjem? Hvad betyder det for boligens værdi? Og hvordan finder du den rigtige løsning?Webinaret styres af journalist Rasmus Nielsen, og du kan selv stille spørgsmål – på forhånd eller direkte under udsendelsen. 

I januar 2022 fik TV 2 hug for at decimere julen til en discosang. I år gentager det sig, og kritikken fra Mikael Arendt Laursen, generalsekretær i KLF, Kirke & Medier, er hård. Hør mere i denne podcast. 10-16 gudstjenester sendes ikke i tv. De skæve helligdage mangler - og tv-gudstjenesten holder en laaang sommerferie. Over de seneste måneder har KLF været i en tæt dialog med både DR og Københavns Domkirke, og nu ser det ud til at være meget tæt på, at der kan komme tv-gudstjenester året rundt. Endelig taler vi om stereotyper i Alletiders julemand, Carmen Curlers, Sygeplejeskolen, Badehotellet, Herrens Veje og kronjuvelen Matador. Det er nemlig ikke kun i nyhedsjournalistikken, at stereotyper trives. Det sker også i højt profilerede dramaserier, hvor kristne ofte fremstilles som galninge. Vi taler igen om reproduktion af fordomme, forståelseskløft, Hans Kirk og den brandesianske myte. Faster Anna lever i bedste velgående... Medvirkende: KLFs generalsekretær Mikael Arendt Laursen, kulturdirektør Henrik Bo Nielsen og tidligere domprovst Anders Gadegaard. Vært: Stefan Vase   === LÆSESTOF === Den brandesianske myte sætter spor: https://klf.dk/den-brandesianske-myte-saetter-spor/ DR og TV 2 glemte julen i store juleudsendelser: https://klf.dk/dr-og-tv-2-glemte-julen-i-store-juleudsendelser/ Podcast: På tur over forståelseskløften med Isabella Arendt, Leif Andersen og Rasmus Nielsen https://klf.dk/podcast-paa-tur-over-forstaaelseskloeften-med-isabella-arendt-leif-andersen-og-rasmus-nielsen/   Hvis du har lyst til at støtte KLFs podcast og KLFs arbejde i det hele taget, kan det ske på Mobilepay: 76540. På forhånd tak for enhver gave!

Today we are joined by Rasmus Nielsen, Director of the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism and Professor of Political Communication at the University of Oxford.

In this special episode of our Future of Journalism podcast, we look at the main findings of the Digital News Report 2022 In this special episode of our Future of Journalism podcast, we look at the main findings of the Digital News Report 2022, including how a depressing news agenda is leading people to turn away from the news and how younger audiences are leaning into new social media platforms to access news. Speakers: Nic Newman is the lead author of the Digital News Report and is a Senior Research Associate at the Reuters Institute. He is also a consultant on digital media, working actively with news companies on product, audience, and business strategies for digital transition. He writes an annual report for the Institute on future media and technology trends. Rasmus Nielsen is co-author of the Digital News Report, Director of the Reuters Institute and Professor of Political Communication at the University of Oxford. His work focuses on changes in the news media, political communication, and the role of digital technologies in both. You can find a full transcript here: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/our-podcast-digital-news-report-2022-episode-1-what-you-need-know Our host Federica Cherubini is Head of Leadership Development at the Reuters Institute. She is an expert in newsroom operations and organisational change, with more than ten years of experience spanning major publishers, research institutes and editorial networks around the world.

I den seneste udgave af KLFs magasin stiller vi spørgsmålet: Er medierne i stand til at formidle kirke og kristendom? Temaet udspringer af en iagttagelse, som KLF, Kirke & Medier jævnligt gør sig, at mediernes dækning af troende mennesker er præget af mange fordomme i forhold til, hvad det vil sige at være et troende menneske i dag. Mikael Arendt Laursen, generalsekretær i KLF, Kirke & Medier, taler om en forståelseskløft. At troende og ikke-troende har vanskeligt ved at forstå hinanden. Netop forståelseskløften var overskriften for en række interviews i 2020 med blandt andre Isabella Arendt, formand for Kristendemokraterne, teolog Leif Andersen og Rasmus Nielsen, der står bag Altinget.dk. Hør uddrag fra de tre interviews i denne episode - og find de tre interviews i fuld længde på lyt.klf.dk.   Hvis du har lyst til at støtte KLFs podcast og KLFs arbejde i det hele taget, kan det ske på Mobilepay: 76540. På forhånd tak for enhver gave! Vært: Stefan Vase

Foråret er højsæson på boligmarkedet. Som køber er det nu, du har det største udvalg af huse, lejligheder, andelsboliger og sommerhuse at vælge imellem – men det er også nu, der er størst efterspørgsel. På webinaret 'Forår på boligmarkedet' er boligøkonom Mikkel Høegh klar med gode råd til boligjagten i studiet hos journalist Rasmus Nielsen, Jyske Bank TV. Forberedelse – og frihed til at komme videre med planerneHør hvordan du bedst forbereder dig, så du står stærkt i boligjagten – og om 'Boligklar på 2 timer', som giver dig frihed til at komme videre med dine planer. Det kan jo være, at der er andre, der har vist interesse for samme bolig … Mikkel Høegh vil bl.a tage fat på spørgsmål som: Hvilken boligtype er den rigtige for dig?Hvad med naboerne, området og beliggenheden?Hvor stor betydning har energimærkning?Hvordan vælger du den rigtige finansiering?Kan man virkelig blive Boligklar på 2 timer?Læs mere om Boligklar på 2 timer.  Få tips og viden til din økonomi hver ugeTilmeld dig nyhedsbrevet 'Jyske Bank Nyt', som udkommer hver lørdag, og giver dig overblik og indblik i emner, som berører din hverdag. Lige til at blive klogere af.

L'arte ha sempre subito il fascino della ricchezza e della sua unità di misura per eccellenza: il denaro. Passando dalla finanza quantistica di Hito Steyerl all'economia digitale del Bitcoin, e dal flusso di capitali legati al petrolio alle banconote tarocche di un falsario d'eccezione come JSG Boggs, Costantino e Francesco tracciano il percorso dell'arte contemporanea nel magnifico mondo dei soldi. E se il cesso d'oro di Maurizio Cattelan e il teschio di diamanti di Damien Hirst non entusiasmano i due conduttori, per fortuna c'è l'arte orrenda (ma estremamente redditizia) di negati di successo come Thomas Kinkade e Andrew Vicari a tirargli su il morale.In questa puntata si parla di Hito Steyerl, Superflex (Jakob Fenger, Rasmus Nielsen and Bjørnstjerne Christiansen), Ronald McDonald, David Cronenberg, Andrej Tarkovskij, William Burroughs, Nonna Cleofe, Maya Ying Lin, Hassan Sharif, Amanda Boetzkes, Hans Peter Feldmann, JSG Boggs, Zia Elvira, Zia Giuseppina, Zia Maria, Rick Owens, KLF (Bill Drummond e Jimmy Cauty), Pablo Picasso, Rachel Whiteread, Thomas Kinkade, Joan Didion, Frederic Edwin Church, Albert Bierstadt, David Koresh, Jim Jones, John Lennon, Donald Trump, Andrew Vicari, Damien Hirst e Maurizio Cattelan.

Rasmus Nielsen was born in 1874 in Denmark. He was tattooed across most of his body and was reportedly able to lift a 25 pound hammer in an act dubbed “The Iron Tongue”. Nielsen was known by many names; ‘The Scandinavian Strongman', ‘The Tattooed Wonderman' and “The Strongman from Denmark” but to his friends he was simply known as ‘Tough Titty'. Rasmus Nielsen died in 1957 after suffering from acute pericarditis. ✅ Let's connect: Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/unusualweekly​ Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/unusualweekly​ Twitter - https://www.twitter.com/unusualweekly​ YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/unusualasusual​ Fact Analysis: Although careful research is implemented to assure accurate and correct information, sometimes it can be difficult to separate fact from fiction (or ‘humbug', as P.T. Barnum would say). If you find any information in this podcast inaccurate, please do let me know via social media.

Hvor meget synes du, du er værd? Hos virksomheden Organic Basics lader de deres ansatte selv bestemme, hvad de skal have i løn. En kæmpe corona-relateret dille har ramt årstiden - vinterbadning. Vinterbadning bliver lovprist som værende sundt og er blevet populært som aldrig før og på øen Endelave er op mod en tredjedel af befolkningen med i den lokale vinterbaderklub. Men måske er det slet ikke så sundt, som det bliver gjort til. Vi snakker med en ivrig vinterbader om trenden. Når du står nede i det lokale supermarked og overvejer hvilken vin, du skal købe i dag, så overvejer du næppe at købe flasken fra årgang 1999 til 2,4 mio. kr. Men nu har det danske firma, Rare Wine, solgt en flaske vin til netop den pris. Medvirkende: Hanne Holm, Havgasse (formand) i vinterbaderklubben "De Kolde Kaniner", Rasmus Nielsen, CEO og ejer af Rare Wine.

Scientists have yet to offer a coherent picture of how, when and where the Covid-19 pandemic started. Some tests on banked blood indicate the virus might have been circulating months before it was officially identified. Meanwhile, the closest known viruses to SARS-CoV-2 come from bats that live far from Wuhan, where the virus was first discovered. Scientists can't yet dismiss the possibility that the virus was released by accident from the Wuhan Institute of Virology – and it's not clear a WHO investigative team will be able to solve the mystery. “Follow the Science" is produced, written, and hosted by Faye Flam, with funding by the Society for Professional Journalists. Today's episode was edited by Seth Gliksman with music by Kyle Imperatore. If you'd like to hear more "Follow the Science," please like, follow, and subscribe!

Vært Rasmus Nielsen stiller skarpt på CP Danmark, der varetager mennesker med Cerebral Parese - også kaldet spastisk lammelse. Gæsten er formand Mogens Wiederholt, der gør os klogere på foreningens udfordringer nu og i nær fremtid. Der bliver også talt om inklusion og hvordan man bedst muligt skaber sig en normal hverdag.

Sclerose er en autoimmun sygdom, som nedbryder dele af nervecellerne i centralnervesystemet.Scleroseforeningens direktør Klaus Høm besøger Rasmus Nielsen i studiet og fortæller om den frygtelige sygdom, om foreningens arbejde og om forskningen på feltet i 2020.

In this final Future of Journalism podcast of the year, members of our senior leadership team reflect on this momentous year for journalism and what we can perhaps look forward to next year 2020 has been a year like no other. World-changing events including the COVID-19 pandemic, the movement for racial justice, a fractious U.S. presidential election and the continuation of the Brexit process, have impacted swathes of our society and economy. Journalism has not been exempt. In this final Future of Journalism podcast of the year, members of our senior leadership team reflect on this momentous year for journalism and what we can perhaps look forward to next year. Find a full transcript and more information on our website: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/risj-review?review_types=14&filtered=Filter Our host is Eduardo Suárez, Head of Communications. Our guests are: Rasmus Nielsen, Director; Meera Selva, Director of the Journalist Fellowship Programme; Federica Cherubini, Head of Leadership Development; Richard Fletcher, Senior Research Fellow and Team Leader

”Hvis investeringen går helt galt, så har du i det mindste en lækker vin du kan drikke”, siger Rasmus Nielsen fra Rarewine, som er gæst i dagens Overskud. Vi kigger nærmere på, hvorfor vin kan være en rigtig god investering - og der er masser af gode råd at hente. Rasmus har også både spændende og sjove historier og anekdoter fra sine 13 år i vininvesteringsbranchen.

In a chat with Rasmus Nielsen, Alan Rusbridger, former Editor-in-Chief of the Guardian, argues journalists should be more transparent and rethink their relationship with their audience Our host is Rasmus Nielsen, Director of the Reuters Institute. Our guest is Alan Rusbridger, former Editor-in-Chief of The Guardian and Principal of Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford. Alan has recently authored a book, News and How to Use it. For a transcript and more information visit our podcast webpage: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/risj-review?review_types=14&filtered=Filter

Rasmus Nielsen speaks to Federica Cherubini about her report looking at the central challenges facing news organisations in 2020 according to a survey of 136 newsroom leaders from around the world Rasmus Nielsen speaks to Federica Cherubini about her report looking at the central challenges facing news organisations in 2020 according to a survey of 136 newsroom leaders from around the world. Federica Cherubini is Head of Leadership Development at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. She is an expert in newsroom operations and organisational change, with ten years' experience spanning major publishers, research institutes and editorial networks around the world. Professor Rasmus Kleis Nielsen is Director of the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Professor of Political Communication at the University of Oxford, and served as Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Press/Politics from 2015 to 2018. His work focuses on changes in the news media, political communication, and the role of digital technologies in both.

Federica Cherubini speaks with Rasmus Nielsen and Richard Fletcher, two of the authors of a recent report about the coronavirus communication crisis in the UK. Federica Cherubini speaks with Rasmus Nielsen and Richard Fletcher, two of the authors of a recent report about the coronavirus communication crisis in the UK. The report stresses that a large minority of the population is at risk of being misinformed or uninformed about the pandemic and includes useful lessons for journalists and policymakers worldwide. Federica Cherubini is Head of Leadership Development at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. She is an expert in newsroom operations and organisational change, with ten years' experience spanning major publishers, research institutes and editorial networks around the world. Dr Richard Fletcher is a Senior Research Fellow at the Reuters Institute, and Team Leader of the Research Team. He is primarily interested in global trends in digital news consumption, comparative media research, the use of social media by journalists and news organizations, and more broadly, the relationship between technology and journalism. Professor Rasmus Kleis Nielsen is Director of the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Professor of Political Communication at the University of Oxford, and served as Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Press/Politics from 2015 to 2018. His work focuses on changes in the news media, political communication, and the role of digital technologies in both

Rasmus Nielsen er en af de få succesfulde medieiværksættere. I den brede offentlighed er han nok lidet kendt. Men de fleste kender nok Altinget.dk og ugebrevet Mandag Morgen, som Rasmus Nielsen står bag. I dette interview fortæller han om troende og demokrati som en tro.

Hvordan bevarer man et fællesskab i karantænetiden - hvis man overhovedet kan det?GLAD er blevet sendt hjem - sammen med resten af Danmark - og radioredaktionens Mark Sonne og Rasmus Nielsen undersøger, hvordan livet arter sig hos deres kolleger i denne specielle tid.

Hvordan bevarer man et fællesskab i karantænetiden - hvis man overhovedet kan det?GLAD er blevet sendt hjem - sammen med resten af Danmark - og radioredaktionens Mark Sonne og Rasmus Nielsen undersøger, hvordan livet arter sig hos deres kolleger i denne specielle tid.

Denne gang taler Katrine og Marie om krigen i 1864 og det sidste rytterslag, som foregik ved Torsted nær Horsens. Og ja, Katrine er begejstret. Vi følger dragon Rasmus Nielsen og hans fantastiske fortælling om den dramatiske flugt fra preusserne og tilværelsen efter krigen. Katrine får ENDELIG lov til at tale om Horsens og Marie lærer en vigtig lektion om isterninger. 

Rasmus Nielsen discusses what he believes the European Commission and EU member states can do to protect press freedom.

Hun har spillet på cykler og klippet i glas under vand. Hun skriver, underviser og komponerer musik. Katrine Ring har altid gjort tingene på sin egen måde. Hun er nok bedst kendt for at være Danmarks første professionelle kvindelige DJ - med sine karakterisktiske runde briller og funky grooves. Hun er nu også en af Danmarks ældste DJs, for selvom fødselsattesten siger 1960 er hun stadig aktiv. Rasmus Nielsen besøger hende i hjemmet på Nørrebro og hører om at være kvinde i et selvstændigt, spraglet arbejdsliv.

Hun har spillet på cykler og klippet i glas under vand. Hun skriver, underviser og komponerer musik. Katrine Ring har altid gjort tingene på sin egen måde. Hun er nok bedst kendt for at være Danmarks første professionelle kvindelige DJ - med sine karakterisktiske runde briller og funky grooves. Hun er nu også en af Danmarks ældste DJs, for selvom fødselsattesten siger 1960 er hun stadig aktiv. Rasmus Nielsen besøger hende i hjemmet på Nørrebro og hører om at være kvinde i et selvstændigt, spraglet arbejdsliv.

What do you get when you put a Danish artist group together with oceanographers, material scientists, and marine biologists? The answer is an idea which might just change the way we imagine and design our environments in response to rising sea levels. As warnings about the effects of global warming escalate, Superflex – an art group founded by Jakob Fenger, Bjørnstjerne Christiansen and Rasmus Nielsen in 1993 – have been working on a long term project to imagine a world where the original function and aesthetics of our carefully designed world may be lost to the tide. Commissioned by TBA21-Academy, the project is called Deep Sea Minding and it considers whether it’s possible to design and create structures that could serve the needs and desires of both humans and marine life. So in their headquarters in Copenhagen, the team at Superflex are mixing concrete and amino acids together to see whether they can create bricks to make houses and schools which can be occupied by humans first and then fish. They’re also preparing a prototype structure to be placed on the seabed to test the responses of fish to this new material. Over the course of nine months Laura Hubber joins Rasmus Nielsen from Superflex for one leg of their epic journey – taking in California, Copenhagen and Jamaica – and meeting a Mermaid along the way.

In November 2018 news broke via YouTube that He Jiankui, then a professor at Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, China had created the world’s first gene-edited babies from two embryos. The edited gene was CCR5 delta 32 - a gene that conferred protection against HIV. Alongside the public, most of the scientific community were horrified. There was a spate of correspondence, not just on the ethics, but also on the science. One prominent paper was by Rasmus Nielsen and Xinzhu Wei’s of the University of California, Berkeley. They published a study in June 2019 in Nature Medicine that found an increased mortality rate in people with an HIV-preventing gene variant. It was another stick used to beat Jiankiu – had he put a gene in these babies that was not just not helpful, but actually harmful? However it now turns out that the study by Nielsen and Wei has a major flaw. In a series of tweets, Nielsen was notified of an error in the UK Biobank data and his analysis. Sean Harrison at the University of Bristol tried and failed to replicate the result using the UK Biobank data. He posted his findings on Twitter and communicated with Nielsen and Wei who have now requested a retraction. UCL's Helen O'Neill is intimately acquainted with the story and she chats to Adam Rutherford about the role of social media in the scientific process of this saga. The Herculaneum Library is perhaps the most remarkable collection of texts from the Roman era. Discovered two centuries ago in the villa of Julius Caesar’s father in law, many of the papyrus scrolls bear the writings of the house philosopher, Philodemus. Others are thought to be the works of the philosophers and poets he admired. However, the big drawback is that the villa was buried in the eruption that engulfed Pompeii, and the heat from the volcanic ash turned them all to charcoal. To make life even more difficult, the ink the scribes used was also made of carbon – think black on black. However, now a team from the University of Kentucky are hoping to decipher the texts using X-rays, and have just scanned two complete scrolls, and some fragments at the Diamond Synchrotron in near Oxford. When renowned author Bill Bryson decided to apply his unique eye for anecdote and trivia to the human body he thought he's start at the head and work down. But as he reveals to Adam, it's a lot more complicated and interconnected than that. His book "The Body - A Guide for Occupants" is an indispensable guide to the inner workings of ourselves. Producer: Fiona Roberts

Det er fædre, der bliver vrede, der bliver aggressive og som isolerer sig. Det er fædre, som havde glædet sig til at holde deres nyfødte barn i armene, og opleve følelsen af ubetinget kærlighed. Men det, der skulle have været et af deres livs største øjeblikke, bliver hurtigt erstattet af et mareridt, for det er fædre, der ikke kan overskue deres nyfødte babyer. Det er fædre med fødselsdepression. Op mod hver 10. mand oplever psykiske vanskeligheder, når han bliver far, men kun 5 ud af de 98 kommuner har behandling til fædrene, så de fleste får ikke den hjælp, de behøver. Og det kan have store konsekvenser for parforholdet og for barnet på sigt. I dag handler P1 Dokumentar om, hvordan nogle mænd går ned med flaget, når de ikke kan udvikle følelser for deres babyer. Lea Katrine Dam har besøgt Rasmus Nielsen og Nicolaj Augustinus, der fortæller om det kæmpestore tabu, det er, ikke at kunne mande sig op og være far og mand for sin familie. Tilrettelagt af Lea Katrine Dam. Redaktion: Maria Neergaard Lorentsen, Jens Vithner Hansen, Gry Hoffmann og Emil Eusebius Olhoff Jakobsen. Redaktør: Jesper Hyhne. (Sendt første gang 3. januar).

Kærlighed, maskulinitet og selvtillid er nogle størrelser alle mænd bokser med. Men hvordan er det, når man også har et fysisk handicap?Thomas Borghus lever et hæsblæsende liv som musiker, da han hopper på hoved i en sø, brækker nakken og ender i kørestol.Rasmus Nielsen er født med spastisk lammelse og har været afhængig af et par hjul, siden han var helt lille.Hør hvordan ulykken ændrer Thomas liv, hvordan han genfinder sin selvtillid og hvordan han møder sin kone Iphy.

Kærlighed, maskulinitet og selvtillid er nogle størrelser alle mænd bokser med. Men hvordan er det, når man også har et fysisk handicap?Thomas Borghus lever et hæsblæsende liv som musiker, da han hopper på hoved i en sø, brækker nakken og ender i kørestol.Rasmus Nielsen er født med spastisk lammelse og har været afhængig af et par hjul, siden han var helt lille.Hør hvordan ulykken ændrer Thomas liv, hvordan han genfinder sin selvtillid og hvordan han møder sin kone Iphy.

CRISPR stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. Long name, but easy to picture: the sequence is synonymous to a word processor for a book, the book being DNA, which allows scientists to not only read the book, but to also edit a specific 'passage' of the book. Using CRISPR technology, DNA edits were performed on female twin embryos by Chinese scientist Jiankui He, who has since lost his standing in the scientific community. Xinzhu Wei & Rasmus Nielsen, from the University of California Berkeley, followed up with the birth of the twins in an article published in... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

CRISPR stands for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. Long name, but easy to picture: the sequence is synonymous to a word processor for a book, the book being DNA, which allows scientists to not only read the book, but to also edit a specific 'passage' of the book. Using CRISPR technology, DNA edits were performed on female twin embryos by Chinese scientist Jiankui He, who has since lost his standing in the scientific community. Xinzhu Wei & Rasmus Nielsen, from the University of California Berkeley, followed up with the birth of the twins in an article published in... Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Emlyn tells Emma about the marine biologist, writer, and environmentalist, Rachel Carson, and Emma tells Emlyn about a heck of a lot of boss ladies! PLEASE FILL OUT THE SURVEY: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScwuYfCujp_voMx1I37E4MB1Tk_UbncK6z8Khn4DC683fV-3A/viewform?usp=sf_link   Sources Main Story - Rachel Carson Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Carson Women's History: https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/rachel-carson American Chemical Society: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/rachel-carson-silent-spring.html Fire Ants Video: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:16-p-1402-2_Fire_Ants_on_Trial.webm Women who werk Jess Wade was awarded the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire! https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/191453/imperial-academics-awarded-honours-queen/ Xinzhu Wei and Rasmus Nielsen find that mutations in the CCR5 gene that make some people resistant to HIV may also reduce longevity. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-019-0459-6 Olga Troyanskaya and a team of researchers develop a machine learning model that identified mutations in non-coding regions of the genome that are associated with autism. https://www.simonsfoundation.org/2019/05/27/autism-noncoding-mutations/ Music “Work” by Rihanna “Mary Anning” by Artichoke   Cover Image Alfred Eisenstaedt/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images

For decades, we've heard that race is a social and cultural idea — not scientific. But with the changing world of genetics, is race science back? We speak to sociologist Prof. Dorothy Roberts, evolutionary biologist Prof. Joseph L. Graves Jr. and psychological methodologist Prof. Jelte Wicherts. Check out the full transcript here: http://bit.ly/2nTDU8w Selected references:  Dorothy’s book on the history of scientific racism One of Joseph’s books unpacking raceThe 2005 paper on population structureA handy FAQ from a population geneticistA paper on the knowns and unknowns about genes and the environment on IQ Credits:  This episode was produced by Rose Rimler, with help from Wendy Zukerman, as well as Meryl Horn and Michelle Dang. Our senior producer is Kaitlyn Sawrey. We’re edited by Blythe Terrell. Fact checking by Michelle Harris, Meryl Horn, and Michelle Dang. Mix and sound design by Peter Leonard. Music by Peter Leonard, Emma Munger, and Bobby Lord. Recording assistance from Botte Jellema and Shani Aviram. A huge thanks to Stillman Brown, Morgan Jerkins, Amber Davis, Cedric Shine, Emmanuel Dzotsi, and to all the scientists we got in touch with for this episode, including Noah Rosenberg, Rasmus Nielsen, Mark Shriver, Garrett Hellenthal, Sarah Tishkoff, Kenneth Kidd, John Protzko, Dan Levitis, and others. Finally, thanks to the Zukerman Family and Joseph Lavelle Wilson. 

On this Desert X 2019 podcast episode, Rasmus Nielsen of the Danish artist collective Superflex talks about Dive-In, 2019, their pink coral-like art installation at Cap Homme and Ralph Adams Park in Palm Desert. It's an attempt to create "fish-friendly architecture" for a future in which rising sea levels bring marine life back to the Coachella Valley. He also reflects upon "extreme participation" and weaving stories and memories into public space. And he looks back at Superflex's "greatest hits" and finds there is a common thread connecting their work in biogas 20 years ago to their imaginings about a post-climate change future today. Desert X runs from Feb 9 - April 21, 2019. Visit desertx.org for program information. The series is presented by Lead Sponsor PROJECT EVELOZCITY, which is creating electric vehicles that will be available by subscription.    

Det er fædre, der bliver vrede, der bliver aggressive og som isolerer sig. Det er fædre, som havde glædet sig til at holde deres nyfødte barn i armene, og opleve følelsen af ubetinget kærlighed. Men det, der skulle have været et af deres livs største øjeblikke, bliver hurtigt erstattet af et mareridt, for det er fædre, der ikke kan overskue deres nyfødte babyer. Det er fædre med fødselsdepression. Op mod hver 10. mand oplever psykiske vanskeligheder, når han bliver far, men kun 5 ud af de 98 kommuner har behandling til fædrene, så de fleste får ikke den hjælp, de behøver. Og det kan have store konsekvenser for parforholdet og for barnet på sigt. I dag handler P1 Dokumentar om, hvordan nogle mænd går ned med flaget, når de ikke kan udvikle følelser for deres babyer. Lea Katrine Dam har besøgt Rasmus Nielsen og Nicolaj Augustinus, der fortæller om det kæmpestore tabu, det er, ikke at kunne mande sig op og være far og mand for sin familie. Tilrettelagt af Lea Katrine Dam. Redaktion: Maria Neergaard Lorentsen, Jens Vithner Hansen, Gry Hoffmann og Emil Eusebius Olhoff Jakobsen. Redaktør: Jesper Hyhne. (Sendt første gang 3. januar).

Around the world, automated bot accounts have enabled some government agencies and political parties to exploit online platforms in dispersing messages, using keywords to game algorithms, and discrediting legitimate information on a mass scale.  Through this they can spread junk news and disinformation; exercise censorship and control; and undermine trust in the media, public institutions and science. But is this form of propaganda really new? If so, what effect is it having on society? And is the worst yet to come as AI develops?  Join our host, philosopher Peter Millican, as he explores this topic with Rasmus Nielsen, Director of Oxford’s Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism;  Vidya Narayanan, post-doctoral researcher in Oxford’s Computational Propaganda Project; and Mimie Liotsiou, also a post-doctoral researcher on the Computational Propaganda project who works on online social influence.  

Rasmus Østergaard Nielsen Research Coordinator, Post Doc Department of Public Health, Aarhus Universitet Dagens afsnit Denne episode er den første i en serie af afsnit omhandlende løbeskader. Vi starter første del med at tage et kig på, hvad de hyppigste årsager til løbeskader er. For hvornår der egentligt er tale om en skade? Og hvornår er man mest udsat for en løbeskade? Vi har fået fat på Rasmus Østergaard Nielsen, som er en del af RUNSAFE-gruppen med base i Aarhus, som er et samarbejde mellem en gruppe forskere, der undersøger løbeskader. Vil du vide mere? RUNSAFE, Aarhus Universitet RUNSAFE’s officielle hjemmeside Fysiocast på Facebook Interview med Rasmus på TV2 Artikel med Rasmus fra Gigtforeningen

We’ve long heard that the ways the web is tailored for each user—how we search, what we’re shown, who we read and follow— reinforces walls between us. Veronica Belmont investigates how social media can create, and can break our filter bubbles. Megan Phelps-Roper discusses the Westboro Baptist Church, and the bubbles that form both on and offline. B.J. May talks about the bubbles he encountered every day, in his Twitter feed, and tells us how he broke free. Rasmus Nielsen suggests social media isn’t the filter culprit we think it is. And, within the context of a divided America, DeRay McKesson argues that sometimes bubbles are what hold us together. IRL is an original podcast from Mozilla. For more on the series go to irlpodcast.org. Read B.J. May's How 26 Tweets Broke My Filter Bubble. To grab a cup of coffee and Say Hi From the Other Side go here. Leave a rating or review in Apple Podcasts so we know what you think.

Phew. Jeg skriver det her mindre en 30 minutter efter at Rasmus har forladt "studiet". Det er lidt overvældende at sidde her og tænke på, hvordan det må føles, juleaften 2013, at få at vide at man har HIV. Det har Rasmus oplevet. Alle de spørgsmål og alle de ting der har floreret i hans tanker på det tidspunkt, kan jeg ikke gengive. Det må du høre ham selv fortælle, i podcastet her. For hvad med hans kone, og hvad med hans børn. Rasmus har jeg lært at kende, da vi begge var deltagere i Tv2 udsendelsen korpset, sæson 2. Hans mission med deltagelsen var at gøre opmærksom på bla. det tabu der er omkring det at have HIV. Og de mange forudindtagede holdninger folk har til det. Det er nemlig ikke en dødsdom. For Rasmus har det sat livet i et helt andet perspektiv - og han bruger nu en masse af sin tid på, at oplyse omkring den her sygdom, som man ikke dør af længere. Vi kommer vidt omkring i den her snak. Vi runder hans korte tid som prof. cykelrytter, doping, hans arbejde som organisator af OCR løbet Copenhagen Warrior og mange andre ting, som alle kan være med til at sætte tanker lidt i gang omkring vores egen opfattelser af dem. Jeg er glad for du lytter med. Del gerne og lad os hjælpe Rasmus med at sprede hans budskab.     Musikken er fra:   Cold Funk - Funkorama by Kevin MacLeod - licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...) Source: http://incompetech.com/music/royalty-... Artist: http://incompetech.com/ Music promoted by Audio Library https://youtu.be/Vhd6Kc4TZls

Radio Glads reporter Rasmus Nielsen portrætterer i denne udsendelse den unge trommeslager og fotograf, Andrei Thustrup Petersen. Andrei startede sit liv på et børnehjem i Rumænien, og bor i dag med sine adoptivforældre i Sakskøbing. Hans liv er fuld af lyde - trommerytmer, tegnerseriestemmer og lydticks, der følger med hans tourettes syndrom.

Radio Glads reporter Rasmus Nielsen portrætterer i denne udsendelse den unge trommeslager og fotograf, Andrei Thustrup Petersen. Andrei startede sit liv på et børnehjem i Rumænien, og bor i dag med sine adoptivforældre i Sakskøbing. Hans liv er fuld af lyde - trommerytmer, tegnerseriestemmer og lydticks, der følger med hans tourettes syndrom.

Rasmus Nielsen, PT, PhD of Aarhus University in Denmark is our guest for this Mountain Land Running Medicine Podcast. Dr. Nielsen is a physical therapist and researcher within the Department of Public Health, Sports Sciences Division, and has conducted several large-scale prospective studies to identify running injury risk factors among community runners.

Can Inuit people survive the Arctic cold thanks to deep past liaisons with another species? Adam Rutherford talks to geneticist Rasmus Nielsen who says that's part of the answer. His team's research has identified a particular section of the Inuit people's genome which looks as though it originally came from a long extinct population of humans who lived in Siberia 50,000 years ago. The genes concerned are involved in physiological processes advantageous to adapting to the cold. The conclusion is that at some point, the ancestors of Inuits interbred with members of this other species of human (known as the Denisovans) before people arrived in Greenland. Also in the programme: The woodlice which are made either female or male because of a gene that once belonged a bacterium. The gene came from a dead microbe and was incorporated by chance into the woodlouse genome. This is the first known instance of the invention of an animal sex chromosome through bacterial donation. We talk to Richard Cordaux of the University of Poitiers and Nick Lane of University College London about the discovery. Peace through particle physics. Roland Pease visits SESAME in Jordan - the Middle East's first synchrotron facility is about to start operating. The experiment brings together scientists from all over the Middle East in common cause, with for example Israeli, Palestinian, Iranian, Egyptian and Turkish scientists working side by side. Marine ecologist Autun Purser tells Adam about his European team's discovery of ghostly octopods living at 4,000 metres on the dark, cold sea bed of the Pacific ocean. Autun's camera has caught extraordinary egg brooding behaviour by this new kind of octopus. It lays its eggs half way up the stalks of dead sponges and then guards them for several years until they hatch. Unfortunately, the sponges only grow on lumps of metal-rich rock called manganese nodules which form slowly on the deep sea floor. Several companies are now exploring the possibility of extracting vast quantities of these nodules in deep sea mining, threatening the existence of the sponges and the octopods depending on them.

Have you ever wondered how scientists date evolutionary events such as when two populations diverged from a common ancestor? Computational biologist Rasmus Nielsen of the University of California, Berkeley says that one method is to use what’s called a molecular clock, which involves counting the mutations in DNA between ancient and living individuals. "If we take some DNA from you and some DNA from me that DNA will not be identical to each other. It will differ a little bit because there will be mutations that have accumulated in time since we had our most recent common ancestor. Since in the past thousands of years ago, there was some individual that is the ancestor of both of us. By counting mutations, we can figure out something about how long ago since we had our most recent common ancestor. By doing that we can then put dates on these different events, as for example, when did Native Americans start to split up from each other?" By counting mutations, Nielsen’s team estimated that the first Native Americans split into northern and southern populations around 13,000 years ago. "And that helped us quite a lot, to distinguish between different hypotheses about how the American continents were peopled."

Using DNA samples from ancient and living Native Americans, an international team of researchers led by the University of California, Berkeley found that the original Americans split off into North and South America around 13,000 years ago. Computational biologist Rasmus Nielsen says that the findings support previous evidence found in the archeological record. "The diversity in the Americas today, originated maybe around 13,000 years ago. So that's about the same time, as you get the first spread of unique Native American cultures in the American continent. If we look at the oldest divergence between different Native American populations, how old is that, that dates back to that time? So the time at which in the archeological record you see the first big spread of Native American cultures, you also get the genetic diversity dating back to that time." Nielsen says that a single group diversified in the Americas as opposed to the idea that multiple different waves produced the diversity that we see today. "And that explained almost all of the genetic diversity we see in Native Americans to date."

The arrival of the first Americans has been one of the oldest and most debated questions in anthropology. Now, an international study led by the University of California, Berkeley has concluded that the first Americans arrived in a single wave less than 23,000 years ago. Study leader Rasmus Nielsen explains. "So, we sequenced the genomes of a number of different Native Americans and also ancient DNA, so DNA from ancient individuals, people that have been dead for thousands of years, to try to resolve many of these issues. One of the things we focused on was trying to estimate, what is the date at which Native Americans split off from East Asians and people that now live in the Northeastern Siberia. So when did these two populations have common ancestral populations?" Nielsen says that the findings confirm the popular theory that the original Americans followed a land bridge between Asia and Alaska during the height of the last Ice Age. "Everything we see is in accordance with that, that the migrations of the first people into the Americas likely followed that land bridge."

Dr. Rasmus Nielsen is a Professor of Computational Biology in the department of Integrative Biology at the University of California, Berkeley. He received his PhD in Integrative Biology from UC Berkeley and conducted postdoctoral research at Harvard University. He served on the faculty of Cornell University and the University of Copenhagen before coming to UC Berkeley. Rasmus has received many awards and honors during his career, including the AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize, an Ole Roemer Fellowship, A Danish ElitForsk Award, A Fulbright Fellowship, and a Sloan Research Fellowship. Rasmus is here with us today to tell us all about his journey through life and science.

Bruce Ames Sr Scientist at CHORI, and Prof Emeritus of Biochem and Molecular Bio, at UC Berkeley. Rhonda Patrick Ph.D. biomedical science, postdoc at CHORI in Dr. Ames lab. The effects of micronutrients on metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage, and aging.TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next. Speaker 2: Okay. [inaudible] [inaudible]. Speaker 1: Welcome to spectrum the science and technology show [00:00:30] on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program bringing you interviews featuring bay area scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news. Speaker 3: Hi there. My name is Renee Rao and I'll be hosting today's show this week on spectrum. We present part two of our two interviews with Bruce Ames and Rhonda Patrick. Dr Ames is a senior scientist at Children's Hospital, Oakland Research Institute, director of their [00:01:00] nutrition and metabolism center and a professor emeritus of biochemistry and molecular biology at the University of California Berkeley. Rhonda Patrick has a phd in biomedical science. Dr. Patrick is currently a postdoctoral fellow at Children's Hospital, Oakland Research Institute and Dr Ames lab. She currently conducts clinical trials looking at the effects of nutrients on metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage and aging. In February of 2014 she published [00:01:30] a paper in the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal on how vitamin D regulates serotonin synthesis and how this relates to autism. In part one Bruce and Rondo described his triage theory for micronutrients in humans and their importance in health and aging. In part two they discussed public health risk factors, research funding models, and the future work they wish to do. Here is part two of Brad Swift's interview with Dr Ames [00:02:00] and Patrick. Speaker 4: Is there a discussion going on in public health community about this sort of important that Rhonda, that one, Speaker 5: I think that people are becoming more aware of the importance of micronutrient deficiencies in the u s population. We've got now these national health and examination surveys that people are doing, examining the levels of these essential vitamins and minerals. 70% of the populations not getting enough vitamin D, 45% [00:02:30] population is not getting enough magnesium, 60% not getting enough vitamin K, 25% is not getting enough vitamin CS, 60% not getting enough vitamin E and on and on, 90% not getting enough calcium testing. It's very difficult to get. So I think that with these surveys that are really coming out with these striking numbers on these micronutrient deficiencies in the population, I'm in the really widespread and with triage, the numbers that tell you may be wrong because the thinking short term instead of long term, really what you want to know Speaker 6: [00:03:00] is what level [inaudible] indeed to keep a maximum lifespan. And our paper discussed all at and uh, but I must say the nutrition community hasn't embraced it yet, but they will because we're showing it's true and we may need even more of certain things. But again, you don't want to overdo it. Okay. Speaker 4: So talk a little bit about risk factors in general. In health, a lot of people, as you were saying, are very obsessed with chemicals or so maybe their risk assessment is [00:03:30] misdirected. What do you think are the big health issues, the big health risks? Speaker 6: I think obesity is like smoking. Smoking is eight or 10 years off your life. Each cigarette takes 10 minutes off your life. I mean, it's a disaster and smoking levels are going down and down because people understand. Finally, there's still a lot of people smoke, but obesity is just as bad years of expensive diabetes and the costs can be used. [00:04:00] Whatever you look at out timers of brain dysfunction of all sites is higher in the obese and there's been several studies of the Diet of the obese and it's horrible. I mean it's sugar, it's comfort food and they're not eating fruits and vegetables and the not eating berries and nuts and not eating fish. And so it's doing the main and the country is painful. Speaker 5: I think that the biggest risk in becoming unhealthy and increasing your [00:04:30] risk of age related diseases, inflammatory diseases comes down to micronutrient intake and people are not getting enough of that. And we know that we quantified it, we know they're not getting enough. And so I think that people like to focus on a lot of what not eat, don't eat sugar and that's right. You shouldn't eat a lot of sugar. I mean there's a lot of bad effects on, you know, constantly having insulin signaling activated. You can become insulin resistant in type two diabetic and these things are important. But I think you also need to realize you need to focus on what you're not getting as opposed to only focusing on what you should not [00:05:00] be getting. Yeah, Speaker 6: a colleague, lowest scold, and I wrote over a hundred papers trying to put risk in perspective. That part to been in pesticide is really uninteresting. Organic food and regular food doesn't matter. It's makes you feel good, but you're really not either improving the environment or helping your health. Now that you're not allowed to say that, things like that in Berkeley. But anyway, it's your diet. You should be worried about getting a good balanced time. So if you put out a thousand [00:05:30] hypothetical risks, you're lost space. Nobody knows what's important anymore and that's where we're getting. Don't smoke and eat a good diet. You're way ahead of the game and exercise and exercise. Right.Speaker 4: And in talking about the current situation with funding, when you think back Bruce, in the early days of your career and the opportunities that were there for getting funding vastly Speaker 6: different. [00:06:00] Well, there was much less money in the system, but I always was able to get funded my whole career and I've always done reasonably well. But now it's a little discouraging when I think I have big ideas that are gonna really cut health care costs and we have big ideas on obesity and I just can't get any of this funded [inaudible] but now if you're an all original, it's hopeless putting it at grant, [00:06:30] I just have given up on it. Speaker 5: Well the ANA, the NIH doesn't like to fund. Speaker 6: Yeah. If you're thinking differently than everybody else you do and they're only funding eight or 9% of grants, you just can't get funded. I didn't want to work on a 1% so I'm funding it out of my own pocket with, I made some money from a biotech company of one my students and that's what's supporting my lamb and few rich people who saw potential gave me some money. But it's really tough [00:07:00] now getting enough money to do this. That's an interesting model. Self funding. Well, Rhonda is trying to do that with a, she has a blog and people supporting her in, Speaker 5: I'm trying to do some crowdfunding where instead of going to the government and then all these national institute of cancer, aging, whatever, which essentially uses taxpayer dollar anyways to fund research. I'm just going to the people, that's what I'm trying to do. My ultimate goal is to go to the people, tell them about this research I'm doing and [00:07:30] my ideas how we're going to do it and have them fund it. People are willing to give money to make advances in science. They just need to know about it. What did you tell him what your app is? So, so I have an app called found my fitness, which is the name of my platform where I basically break down science and nutrition and fitness to people and I explained to them mechanisms. I explained to them context, you know, because it's really hard to keep up with all these press releases and you're bombarded with and some of them are accurate and some aren't and most of the time you just have no idea what is going on. Speaker 5: It's very [00:08:00] difficult to sort of navigate through all that mess. So I have developed a platform called found my fitness where I'm trying to basically educate people by explaining and breaking down the science behind a lot of these different types of website. And it's an app, it's a website that's also an app can download on your iPhone called found my fitness. And I have short videos, youtube videos that I do where I talk about particular science topics or health nutrition topics. I also have a podcast where I talk about them. I'm interviewing other scientists in the field and things like that. And also I've got a news community site [00:08:30] where people can interact posts, new news, science stories or nutrition stories, whatever it is and people comment. So we're kind of building in community where people can interact and ask questions and Speaker 6: Rhonda makes a video every once in a while and puts it up on her website and she has people supporting at least some of this and she hopes to finally get enough money coming in. We'll support her research. Speaker 5: No, I think we're heading that way. I think that scientists are going to have to findSpeaker 6: new creative ways to fund their research. Uh, particularly if they have creative ideas [00:09:00] is, Bruce mentioned it because it's so competitive to get that less than 10% funding. The NIH doesn't really fun, really creative and risky, but it's, you need somebody who gets it. If when you put out a new idea, right, and if it's against conventional wisdom, which I'd like to do with the occasion arises, then it's almost impossible anyway. Speaker 4: Even with your reputation. Speaker 6: Yeah, it's hard. I've just given [00:09:30] up writing grants now. It's a huge amount of work and when they keep on getting turned down, even though I think these are wonderful ideas, luckily I can keep a basal level supporting the lab. I found a rich fellow who had an autistic grandkid guy named Jorgensen and he supported Rhonda and he supported her for a year and she was able to do all these things. Yeah, my age, I want to have [00:10:00] a lot of big ideas and I just like to get them out there anyway. We shouldn't complain. We're doing okay. Right. It's a very fulfilling job. There's nothing more fulfilling than doing science in my opinion. Yes. Speaker 7: You're listening to spectrum and k a Alex Berkley. Today's guests are Dr. Bruce Ames and Dr Rhonda Patrick of Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute. [00:10:30] Oh, Speaker 4: the ames test. When you came up with that, was that, what was the process involved with?Speaker 6: Well, how do you devise that? Well, I was always half a geneticist and half a bio chemist and I thought you Taishan is really important. And nobody was testing new substances out there to see if there were mutagens. And so I thought it'd be nice to develop a simple, easy test in bacteria for doing that. That [00:11:00] was cheap and quick. And then I became interested in the relation of carcinogens to mutagens and so I was trying to convince people at the active forms of carcinogens were muted. There were other people in that area too, but I was an early enthusiastic for that idea and anyway, it's just came from my knowledge of two different fields, but that's a long time ago. I'm more excited about the brain now. The current stuff Speaker 4: doing obviously is it's more [00:11:30] exciting. Yeah. Do you both spend time paying attention to other areas of science? Speaker 6: I read an enormous amount and every 10 or 15 years I seem to change my feel of and follow off something that seems a little hotter than the other things and I've been reasonably successful at that, so that's what I liked to do. I am constantly Speaker 5: about all the latest research coming out. I mean, that's like pretty much all I do is I'm very excited about the new [00:12:00] field of epigenetics, where we're connecting what we eat, our lifestyle, how much stress we are under, how much exercise we do, how much sleep we get, how this is actually changing, methylation patterns, acetylation patterns. In our DNA and how that can change gene expression, turn on genes, turn off genes. I mean how this all relates to the way we age, how it relates to behavior, how it relates to us passing on behaviors to our children, grandchildren, you know, this is a field that's to me really exciting and something that I've spend quite a bit of time reading about. So for both of [00:12:30] you, what have been in the course of your career, the technologies, Speaker 6: the discoveries that have impacted your work the most? Well obviously understanding DNA and all the things it does was a huge advance for biology. And I was always half a geneticist, so I was hopping up and down when that Watson Crick paper came out and I gave it in the Journal club to all these distinguished biochemists and they said very speculative. [00:13:00] I said I was young script. I said, you guys be quiet. This is the paper of the century. And it made a huge difference. And there's been one advance after another. A lot of technical advances, little companies spring up, making your life easier and all of that. So it's been fun going through this. Speaker 5: I think, you know, in terms of my own research, which got me to where I'm at now, a lot of the, the technological advances in making transgenic mouse models, [00:13:30] knocking out certain genes, being able to manipulate, doing, inserting viral vectors with a specific gene and with a certain promoter on it and targeting it to a certain tissue so you can, you know, look specifically at what it's doing in that tissue or knock it out and what it's doing and that tissue. That for me is a, been a very useful technology that's helped me learn a lot. In addition, I like to do a lot of imaging. So these fluorescent proteins that we can, you know, you use to tag on, look at other proteins where they're located both tissue wise and also intracellularly inside the cell. Doing [00:14:00] that in real time. So there's now live cell imaging we can do and see things dynamically. Like for example, looking at Mitochondria and how they move and what they're doing in real time. Like that for me is also been really a useful technology and helping me understand Mitochondria. And how they function, dysfunction can occur. So I think a, those, those have been really important technologies for me. Speaker 6: And then computers change biology. Google made a huge difference. You can put two odd facts into Google and outcome Molly's paper. You'd spend years in a library [00:14:30] trying to figure all this stuff out. So Google really made theoretical biology possible. And I think this whole paper that Rhonda did, she couldn't have done it without Google. That's was the technology that opened it all up. This is so much literature and nobody can read all this and remember it all that we need the search. And so is this kind of a boom in theoretical biology? Well, [00:15:00] I wouldn't say there's a boom yet, but there's so much information out there that people haven't put together. Speaker 5: Yeah, people have been generating data over the years. There's tons of data out there and there's a lot of well done research that people haven't put together, connected the dots and made big picture understanding of complex things. So I think that there is an opening for that. And I do think that people will start to do that more and they are starting to do it more and more. Speaker 6: So in the past there really wasn't a theoretical biology that was certainly Darwin was [00:15:30] theoretical you could say and lots of people had big ideas in the unified fields, but it was rare. Speaker 5: I think we have more of an advantage in that we can provide mechanisms a little easier because we can read all this data. You know people like Darwin, they were doing theoretical work but they were also making observations. So what we're doing now is we're looking at observations other people have made and putting those together. Speaker 8: [00:16:00] [inaudible] and [inaudible] is a public affairs show on k a l x Berkeley. This is part two of a two part interview with Bruce Ames and Rhonda Patrick. Speaker 6: Are there, are other scientists active in the longevity field whose work you admire that you would love to collaborate with? [00:16:30] Well or associated with? Always collaborates. So science is both very collegial and very competitive. You think somebody might get their first. But one of the tricks I like in my lab is we have half a dozen really good people with different expertise and we sit around a table and discuss things and it's no one person can know all medicine. And so [00:17:00] anyways, that helps. Yeah. And it might be collaborating with this guy now because both of you contribute something that the other person doesn't have a technique or whatever. And in three years we might be competing with them, but that's why it's good to keep good relations with everybody. But business is the same way companies compete and collaborate. Yeah. Speaker 5: I, I personally am in terms of the field of longevity. Uh, I admire the work of Elizabeth Blackburn [00:17:30] who discovered, uh, won the Nobel prize for be playing a role in discovering the enzyme telomerase Speaker 6: that was done at Berkeley, by the way. Speaker 5: Yeah. And she's now a professor at UCLA. So I would be really excited to set up a collaboration with her. Speaker 6: Well, what are the lab's research plans going forward now? Uh, well, other than Ryan Reinders next two papers. Yeah. Rhonda has these papers to get out. And I'd like to get the whole business [00:18:00] of tuning up our metabolism on firmer ground, convince nutrition people who are expert in one particular environment or most people studied B six for their whole lives or study Niacin for their whole lives or magnesium. And I buy it at the experts in a particular field to think about triage and what protein do we measure that tells you you're short a not getting enough, the vulnerable ones and get that idea [00:18:30] out and do a few examples and convince people that RDA should be based on long term effects rather than short term. And then Rhonda and I were talking the other day and we both got excited about drugs. This money to be made. Speaker 6: So pharmaceutical companies compete on getting new and better drugs and they can be billion dollar drugs but nutrition, nobody can make money out of it. And so there, [00:19:00] do you want to do a clinical trial on Vitamin d the way you do with the drug? Food and drug wants a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial. That's the gold standard for drugs. But it's not for nutrition is nutrition. You have to measure if 20% of the population is low on vitamin D, you don't want to do a study where you don't measure who's low and who's high because otherwise it's designed to fail. So you have to measure [00:19:30] things. Now, vitamin D actually many more deficient, but a lot of vitamins, 10% of lower 20% is low and you can't just lump them in with all the people have enough and do a randomized on one clinical trial and think it's going to mean something without measuring something. Speaker 6: Rhonda has one of her videos on our website to [inaudible] all these doctors who saved the vitamins are useless. They're all based on clinical trials that are designed for drugs [00:20:00] and they don't measure anything. So you have to know who should deficient and then taking that amount of value and makes you sufficient. I think, uh, some interesting re ongoing research in our lab is also the cornea bar. Yeah. So yeah, Joyce mechanical amp is directing a project on the Corey bar. We were deciding how do you get vitamins and minerals into the poor and we made a little bar, which is kind of all the components of a Mediterranean diet that people [00:20:30] aren't getting enough vitamins and all the vitamins and minerals and fish oil and vitamin D and soluble fiber and insoluble fiber and plant polyphenols and we can raise everybody's HDL in a couple of weeks and this is the mass of people aren't eating, they think they're eating good tide aren't and obese people or have their metabolism all fouled up and you were even learning how to make progress there. So Speaker 5: cool thing about it is that you can take a population [00:21:00] of people that eats very unhealthy and they are obese, meaning they have a BMI of 30 or above and you can give them this nutritional bar that has a variety of micronutrients. It has essential fatty acids and some polyphenols fiber and give it to them twice a day on top of their crappy diet. You don't tell them to change your diet at all. It's like keep doing what you're doing, but here, eat those twice a day on top of what you're doing and you can see that, you know after a few weeks that these changes start to occur where their HDLs raise or LDS lower. I mean there's, there's a lot of positive effects, you know, lower c reactive protein. So [00:21:30] I think this is really groundbreaking research because it's, it says, look, you can take someone who's eating a terrible diet completely, probably micronutrient division in many essential vitamins and minerals and such are eating a bunch of sugar and crap and processed foods and on and on and on and yet you can give them this nutritional bar that has a combination of micronutrients in it and you can quantify changes that are positive. Speaker 5: I think that's a really exciting ongoing project in our lab, Speaker 6: Bruce Ames and Rhonda Patrick, thanks very much [00:22:00] for being on spectrum. It's a pleasure. Absolutely a pleasure. Thanks for having us. Speaker 7: Aw. [inaudible] to learn more about the work aims and Patrick's are doing. Visit their websites. Bruce seems.org and found my fitness.com spectrum shows are archived on iTunes yet we've created this simple link for you. The link is tiny url.com/k a Alex spectrum Speaker 3: [00:22:30] and now a calendar of the science and technology events happening locally over the next two weeks. Rick Kreisky joins me to present the calendar on Sunday July 13th the bay area meetup, random acts of science will host an event to do science with paper papers, one of the most commonly available materials with a variety of science applications. Everything from the dynamics of classic paper airplanes launching paper rockets and building structures in [00:23:00] Origami will be discussed. The group will also learn about fibers and paper and how to create their own homemade paper. Raw materials will be provided, but attendees are also welcome to bring their own. The event will be held July 13th from two to 3:00 PM outside the genetics and plant biology building on the UC Berkeley campus. It is free and open to anyone interested in coming basics. The Bay area art science, interdisciplinary collaborative sessions. [00:23:30] We'll have their fifth event on Monday the 14th from six 30 to 10:00 PM at the ODC theater, three one five three 17th street in San Francisco. Speaker 3: The theme is monsters. Professor John Haffer. Nick, we'll introduce the audience to a peracetic fly that turns European honey bees into zombies, author and translator, Eric Butler. We'll explain how literature and film have made the Vampire [00:24:00] a native of Eastern Europe into a naturalized American with a preference for the Golden State Marine biologist David McGuire. Well, disentangle the media fueled myth of the shark from its true nature and Kyle Taylor, senior scientist for the gluing plant project will show off plants that glow in the dark. Admission will be on a sliding scale from absolutely nothing. Up to 20 bucks. Visit basics.com for more info. [00:24:30] That's B double a s I c s.com. On Saturday, July 19th you see Berkeley molecular and cell biology Professor Kathleen Collins will host the latest iteration of the monthly lecture series. Signs that cow Professor Collins will discuss the connections between the seemingly incontrovertible fact of human aging. A fascinating enzyme known as telomerase and malignant cancers. Speaker 3: While cancer cells can grow indefinitely [00:25:00] all normally functioning human tissues will eventually die out. This is because with each success of cell division, the protective cap or a telomere at the end of each chromosome is gradually degraded while the enzyme to limb arrays or pairs this damage in embryos. It is not fully active in adult human tissues. Perhaps to prevent the uncontrollable growth of cancer cells. Professor Collins will discuss telomeres and telomerase function and how they affect the balance of human aging [00:25:30] and immortality. The free public talk will be held July 19th in room one 59 of Mulford Hall on the UC Berkeley campus. The lecture will begin at 11:00 AM sharp science need is a monthly science happy hour for adults 21 and over the pairs. Lightning talks with interactive stations on the back patio of the El Rio bar at three one five eight mission street in San Francisco. Speaker 3: [00:26:00] The theme for July Science Neat is backyard science and we'll feature the science of things right here in the bay area from plants to plankton and beetles. Two bikes. Admission is $4 and the event will be on Tuesday, July 22nd from six 30 to 8:30 PM and now a few of our favorite science stories. Rick's back to present the news. The rocky planets that are closest to our son generally have an iron core [00:26:30] that makes up about a third of their mass that is surrounded by rock that makes up the other two thirds. Mercury is an exception and is the other way around. With a massive iron core that takes up about percent of the planet's mass. This has been difficult to explain. If mercury had been built up by collisions the way that Venus and earth and Mars where we'd expect it to have a similar composition in a letter published in nature geoscience on July six Eric s [00:27:00] fog and Andreas Roofer of Arizona State University report their simulations that suggests that collisions may have stripped away Mercury's mantle, some moon and planet sized rocks would bounce off of each other, sometimes knocking one body out of its orbit while the impactor and the leftover debris coalesced into a planet. Speaker 3: This model is consistent with Mercury's high abundance of [inaudible] elements that have been observed recently by NASA's messenger spacecraft [00:27:30] in their so called hit and run model. Mercury is missing metal would end up coalescing onto Venus or in your report compiled by UC Berkeley. Scientist has definitively linkedin gene that has helped Tibetan populations thrive in high altitude environments to hit or too little known human ancestor. The Denisovans, the Denisovans along with any thoughts when extinct around 40 to 50,000 years ago about the time that modern human began to ascend [00:28:00] and Aaliyah is a version of a gene in this case and unusually of the gene e p a s one which regulates hemoglobin production has been common among Tibetans since their move several thousand years ago. John Habit areas at around 15,000 feet of elevation. Well, most people have Leos that caused them to develop thick blood at these high elevations, which can later lead to cardiovascular problems. The tobacco wheel raises hemoglobin levels only slightly allowing possessors [00:28:30] to avoid negative side effects. So the report, which will later republished in the journal Nature details the unique presence of the advantageous aliyah. Among Tibetans and conclusively matches it with the genome of the Denisovans. This is significant because as principle author, Rasmus Nielsen, UC Berkeley professor of integrative biology writes, it shows very clearly and directly that humans evolved and adapted to new environments by getting their genes from another species. Nielsen added that there are many other [00:29:00] potential species to explore as sources of human DNA Speaker 8: [inaudible].Speaker 4: This show marks the end of our production of spectrum. I want to thank Rick Karnofsky, Renee, Rau, and Alex Simon for their help in producing spectrum. I want to extend a blanket thank you to all the guests who took the time to appear on spectrum over the three years we have been on Calex to Sandra Lenna, [00:29:30] Erin and Lorraine. Thanks for your guidance and help to Joe, Peter and Greg. Thanks for your technical assistance and encouragement to listeners. Thanks for tuning in and Speaker 7: stay tuned to Calico [inaudible]. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Bruce Ames Sr Scientist at CHORI, and Prof Emeritus of Biochem and Molecular Bio, at UC Berkeley. Rhonda Patrick Ph.D. biomedical science, postdoc at CHORI in Dr. Ames lab. The effects of micronutrients on metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage, and aging.TranscriptSpeaker 1: Spectrum's next. Speaker 2: Okay. [inaudible] [inaudible]. Speaker 1: Welcome to spectrum the science and technology show [00:00:30] on k a l x Berkeley, a biweekly 30 minute program bringing you interviews featuring bay area scientists and technologists as well as a calendar of local events and news. Speaker 3: Hi there. My name is Renee Rao and I'll be hosting today's show this week on spectrum. We present part two of our two interviews with Bruce Ames and Rhonda Patrick. Dr Ames is a senior scientist at Children's Hospital, Oakland Research Institute, director of their [00:01:00] nutrition and metabolism center and a professor emeritus of biochemistry and molecular biology at the University of California Berkeley. Rhonda Patrick has a phd in biomedical science. Dr. Patrick is currently a postdoctoral fellow at Children's Hospital, Oakland Research Institute and Dr Ames lab. She currently conducts clinical trials looking at the effects of nutrients on metabolism, inflammation, DNA damage and aging. In February of 2014 she published [00:01:30] a paper in the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal on how vitamin D regulates serotonin synthesis and how this relates to autism. In part one Bruce and Rondo described his triage theory for micronutrients in humans and their importance in health and aging. In part two they discussed public health risk factors, research funding models, and the future work they wish to do. Here is part two of Brad Swift's interview with Dr Ames [00:02:00] and Patrick. Speaker 4: Is there a discussion going on in public health community about this sort of important that Rhonda, that one, Speaker 5: I think that people are becoming more aware of the importance of micronutrient deficiencies in the u s population. We've got now these national health and examination surveys that people are doing, examining the levels of these essential vitamins and minerals. 70% of the populations not getting enough vitamin D, 45% [00:02:30] population is not getting enough magnesium, 60% not getting enough vitamin K, 25% is not getting enough vitamin CS, 60% not getting enough vitamin E and on and on, 90% not getting enough calcium testing. It's very difficult to get. So I think that with these surveys that are really coming out with these striking numbers on these micronutrient deficiencies in the population, I'm in the really widespread and with triage, the numbers that tell you may be wrong because the thinking short term instead of long term, really what you want to know Speaker 6: [00:03:00] is what level [inaudible] indeed to keep a maximum lifespan. And our paper discussed all at and uh, but I must say the nutrition community hasn't embraced it yet, but they will because we're showing it's true and we may need even more of certain things. But again, you don't want to overdo it. Okay. Speaker 4: So talk a little bit about risk factors in general. In health, a lot of people, as you were saying, are very obsessed with chemicals or so maybe their risk assessment is [00:03:30] misdirected. What do you think are the big health issues, the big health risks? Speaker 6: I think obesity is like smoking. Smoking is eight or 10 years off your life. Each cigarette takes 10 minutes off your life. I mean, it's a disaster and smoking levels are going down and down because people understand. Finally, there's still a lot of people smoke, but obesity is just as bad years of expensive diabetes and the costs can be used. [00:04:00] Whatever you look at out timers of brain dysfunction of all sites is higher in the obese and there's been several studies of the Diet of the obese and it's horrible. I mean it's sugar, it's comfort food and they're not eating fruits and vegetables and the not eating berries and nuts and not eating fish. And so it's doing the main and the country is painful. Speaker 5: I think that the biggest risk in becoming unhealthy and increasing your [00:04:30] risk of age related diseases, inflammatory diseases comes down to micronutrient intake and people are not getting enough of that. And we know that we quantified it, we know they're not getting enough. And so I think that people like to focus on a lot of what not eat, don't eat sugar and that's right. You shouldn't eat a lot of sugar. I mean there's a lot of bad effects on, you know, constantly having insulin signaling activated. You can become insulin resistant in type two diabetic and these things are important. But I think you also need to realize you need to focus on what you're not getting as opposed to only focusing on what you should not [00:05:00] be getting. Yeah, Speaker 6: a colleague, lowest scold, and I wrote over a hundred papers trying to put risk in perspective. That part to been in pesticide is really uninteresting. Organic food and regular food doesn't matter. It's makes you feel good, but you're really not either improving the environment or helping your health. Now that you're not allowed to say that, things like that in Berkeley. But anyway, it's your diet. You should be worried about getting a good balanced time. So if you put out a thousand [00:05:30] hypothetical risks, you're lost space. Nobody knows what's important anymore and that's where we're getting. Don't smoke and eat a good diet. You're way ahead of the game and exercise and exercise. Right.Speaker 4: And in talking about the current situation with funding, when you think back Bruce, in the early days of your career and the opportunities that were there for getting funding vastly Speaker 6: different. [00:06:00] Well, there was much less money in the system, but I always was able to get funded my whole career and I've always done reasonably well. But now it's a little discouraging when I think I have big ideas that are gonna really cut health care costs and we have big ideas on obesity and I just can't get any of this funded [inaudible] but now if you're an all original, it's hopeless putting it at grant, [00:06:30] I just have given up on it. Speaker 5: Well the ANA, the NIH doesn't like to fund. Speaker 6: Yeah. If you're thinking differently than everybody else you do and they're only funding eight or 9% of grants, you just can't get funded. I didn't want to work on a 1% so I'm funding it out of my own pocket with, I made some money from a biotech company of one my students and that's what's supporting my lamb and few rich people who saw potential gave me some money. But it's really tough [00:07:00] now getting enough money to do this. That's an interesting model. Self funding. Well, Rhonda is trying to do that with a, she has a blog and people supporting her in, Speaker 5: I'm trying to do some crowdfunding where instead of going to the government and then all these national institute of cancer, aging, whatever, which essentially uses taxpayer dollar anyways to fund research. I'm just going to the people, that's what I'm trying to do. My ultimate goal is to go to the people, tell them about this research I'm doing and [00:07:30] my ideas how we're going to do it and have them fund it. People are willing to give money to make advances in science. They just need to know about it. What did you tell him what your app is? So, so I have an app called found my fitness, which is the name of my platform where I basically break down science and nutrition and fitness to people and I explained to them mechanisms. I explained to them context, you know, because it's really hard to keep up with all these press releases and you're bombarded with and some of them are accurate and some aren't and most of the time you just have no idea what is going on. Speaker 5: It's very [00:08:00] difficult to sort of navigate through all that mess. So I have developed a platform called found my fitness where I'm trying to basically educate people by explaining and breaking down the science behind a lot of these different types of website. And it's an app, it's a website that's also an app can download on your iPhone called found my fitness. And I have short videos, youtube videos that I do where I talk about particular science topics or health nutrition topics. I also have a podcast where I talk about them. I'm interviewing other scientists in the field and things like that. And also I've got a news community site [00:08:30] where people can interact posts, new news, science stories or nutrition stories, whatever it is and people comment. So we're kind of building in community where people can interact and ask questions and Speaker 6: Rhonda makes a video every once in a while and puts it up on her website and she has people supporting at least some of this and she hopes to finally get enough money coming in. We'll support her research. Speaker 5: No, I think we're heading that way. I think that scientists are going to have to findSpeaker 6: new creative ways to fund their research. Uh, particularly if they have creative ideas [00:09:00] is, Bruce mentioned it because it's so competitive to get that less than 10% funding. The NIH doesn't really fun, really creative and risky, but it's, you need somebody who gets it. If when you put out a new idea, right, and if it's against conventional wisdom, which I'd like to do with the occasion arises, then it's almost impossible anyway. Speaker 4: Even with your reputation. Speaker 6: Yeah, it's hard. I've just given [00:09:30] up writing grants now. It's a huge amount of work and when they keep on getting turned down, even though I think these are wonderful ideas, luckily I can keep a basal level supporting the lab. I found a rich fellow who had an autistic grandkid guy named Jorgensen and he supported Rhonda and he supported her for a year and she was able to do all these things. Yeah, my age, I want to have [00:10:00] a lot of big ideas and I just like to get them out there anyway. We shouldn't complain. We're doing okay. Right. It's a very fulfilling job. There's nothing more fulfilling than doing science in my opinion. Yes. Speaker 7: You're listening to spectrum and k a Alex Berkley. Today's guests are Dr. Bruce Ames and Dr Rhonda Patrick of Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute. [00:10:30] Oh, Speaker 4: the ames test. When you came up with that, was that, what was the process involved with?Speaker 6: Well, how do you devise that? Well, I was always half a geneticist and half a bio chemist and I thought you Taishan is really important. And nobody was testing new substances out there to see if there were mutagens. And so I thought it'd be nice to develop a simple, easy test in bacteria for doing that. That [00:11:00] was cheap and quick. And then I became interested in the relation of carcinogens to mutagens and so I was trying to convince people at the active forms of carcinogens were muted. There were other people in that area too, but I was an early enthusiastic for that idea and anyway, it's just came from my knowledge of two different fields, but that's a long time ago. I'm more excited about the brain now. The current stuff Speaker 4: doing obviously is it's more [00:11:30] exciting. Yeah. Do you both spend time paying attention to other areas of science? Speaker 6: I read an enormous amount and every 10 or 15 years I seem to change my feel of and follow off something that seems a little hotter than the other things and I've been reasonably successful at that, so that's what I liked to do. I am constantly Speaker 5: about all the latest research coming out. I mean, that's like pretty much all I do is I'm very excited about the new [00:12:00] field of epigenetics, where we're connecting what we eat, our lifestyle, how much stress we are under, how much exercise we do, how much sleep we get, how this is actually changing, methylation patterns, acetylation patterns. In our DNA and how that can change gene expression, turn on genes, turn off genes. I mean how this all relates to the way we age, how it relates to behavior, how it relates to us passing on behaviors to our children, grandchildren, you know, this is a field that's to me really exciting and something that I've spend quite a bit of time reading about. So for both of [00:12:30] you, what have been in the course of your career, the technologies, Speaker 6: the discoveries that have impacted your work the most? Well obviously understanding DNA and all the things it does was a huge advance for biology. And I was always half a geneticist, so I was hopping up and down when that Watson Crick paper came out and I gave it in the Journal club to all these distinguished biochemists and they said very speculative. [00:13:00] I said I was young script. I said, you guys be quiet. This is the paper of the century. And it made a huge difference. And there's been one advance after another. A lot of technical advances, little companies spring up, making your life easier and all of that. So it's been fun going through this. Speaker 5: I think, you know, in terms of my own research, which got me to where I'm at now, a lot of the, the technological advances in making transgenic mouse models, [00:13:30] knocking out certain genes, being able to manipulate, doing, inserting viral vectors with a specific gene and with a certain promoter on it and targeting it to a certain tissue so you can, you know, look specifically at what it's doing in that tissue or knock it out and what it's doing and that tissue. That for me is a, been a very useful technology that's helped me learn a lot. In addition, I like to do a lot of imaging. So these fluorescent proteins that we can, you know, you use to tag on, look at other proteins where they're located both tissue wise and also intracellularly inside the cell. Doing [00:14:00] that in real time. So there's now live cell imaging we can do and see things dynamically. Like for example, looking at Mitochondria and how they move and what they're doing in real time. Like that for me is also been really a useful technology and helping me understand Mitochondria. And how they function, dysfunction can occur. So I think a, those, those have been really important technologies for me. Speaker 6: And then computers change biology. Google made a huge difference. You can put two odd facts into Google and outcome Molly's paper. You'd spend years in a library [00:14:30] trying to figure all this stuff out. So Google really made theoretical biology possible. And I think this whole paper that Rhonda did, she couldn't have done it without Google. That's was the technology that opened it all up. This is so much literature and nobody can read all this and remember it all that we need the search. And so is this kind of a boom in theoretical biology? Well, [00:15:00] I wouldn't say there's a boom yet, but there's so much information out there that people haven't put together. Speaker 5: Yeah, people have been generating data over the years. There's tons of data out there and there's a lot of well done research that people haven't put together, connected the dots and made big picture understanding of complex things. So I think that there is an opening for that. And I do think that people will start to do that more and they are starting to do it more and more. Speaker 6: So in the past there really wasn't a theoretical biology that was certainly Darwin was [00:15:30] theoretical you could say and lots of people had big ideas in the unified fields, but it was rare. Speaker 5: I think we have more of an advantage in that we can provide mechanisms a little easier because we can read all this data. You know people like Darwin, they were doing theoretical work but they were also making observations. So what we're doing now is we're looking at observations other people have made and putting those together. Speaker 8: [00:16:00] [inaudible] and [inaudible] is a public affairs show on k a l x Berkeley. This is part two of a two part interview with Bruce Ames and Rhonda Patrick. Speaker 6: Are there, are other scientists active in the longevity field whose work you admire that you would love to collaborate with? [00:16:30] Well or associated with? Always collaborates. So science is both very collegial and very competitive. You think somebody might get their first. But one of the tricks I like in my lab is we have half a dozen really good people with different expertise and we sit around a table and discuss things and it's no one person can know all medicine. And so [00:17:00] anyways, that helps. Yeah. And it might be collaborating with this guy now because both of you contribute something that the other person doesn't have a technique or whatever. And in three years we might be competing with them, but that's why it's good to keep good relations with everybody. But business is the same way companies compete and collaborate. Yeah. Speaker 5: I, I personally am in terms of the field of longevity. Uh, I admire the work of Elizabeth Blackburn [00:17:30] who discovered, uh, won the Nobel prize for be playing a role in discovering the enzyme telomerase Speaker 6: that was done at Berkeley, by the way. Speaker 5: Yeah. And she's now a professor at UCLA. So I would be really excited to set up a collaboration with her. Speaker 6: Well, what are the lab's research plans going forward now? Uh, well, other than Ryan Reinders next two papers. Yeah. Rhonda has these papers to get out. And I'd like to get the whole business [00:18:00] of tuning up our metabolism on firmer ground, convince nutrition people who are expert in one particular environment or most people studied B six for their whole lives or study Niacin for their whole lives or magnesium. And I buy it at the experts in a particular field to think about triage and what protein do we measure that tells you you're short a not getting enough, the vulnerable ones and get that idea [00:18:30] out and do a few examples and convince people that RDA should be based on long term effects rather than short term. And then Rhonda and I were talking the other day and we both got excited about drugs. This money to be made. Speaker 6: So pharmaceutical companies compete on getting new and better drugs and they can be billion dollar drugs but nutrition, nobody can make money out of it. And so there, [00:19:00] do you want to do a clinical trial on Vitamin d the way you do with the drug? Food and drug wants a double blind randomized controlled clinical trial. That's the gold standard for drugs. But it's not for nutrition is nutrition. You have to measure if 20% of the population is low on vitamin D, you don't want to do a study where you don't measure who's low and who's high because otherwise it's designed to fail. So you have to measure [00:19:30] things. Now, vitamin D actually many more deficient, but a lot of vitamins, 10% of lower 20% is low and you can't just lump them in with all the people have enough and do a randomized on one clinical trial and think it's going to mean something without measuring something. Speaker 6: Rhonda has one of her videos on our website to [inaudible] all these doctors who saved the vitamins are useless. They're all based on clinical trials that are designed for drugs [00:20:00] and they don't measure anything. So you have to know who should deficient and then taking that amount of value and makes you sufficient. I think, uh, some interesting re ongoing research in our lab is also the cornea bar. Yeah. So yeah, Joyce mechanical amp is directing a project on the Corey bar. We were deciding how do you get vitamins and minerals into the poor and we made a little bar, which is kind of all the components of a Mediterranean diet that people [00:20:30] aren't getting enough vitamins and all the vitamins and minerals and fish oil and vitamin D and soluble fiber and insoluble fiber and plant polyphenols and we can raise everybody's HDL in a couple of weeks and this is the mass of people aren't eating, they think they're eating good tide aren't and obese people or have their metabolism all fouled up and you were even learning how to make progress there. So Speaker 5: cool thing about it is that you can take a population [00:21:00] of people that eats very unhealthy and they are obese, meaning they have a BMI of 30 or above and you can give them this nutritional bar that has a variety of micronutrients. It has essential fatty acids and some polyphenols fiber and give it to them twice a day on top of their crappy diet. You don't tell them to change your diet at all. It's like keep doing what you're doing, but here, eat those twice a day on top of what you're doing and you can see that, you know after a few weeks that these changes start to occur where their HDLs raise or LDS lower. I mean there's, there's a lot of positive effects, you know, lower c reactive protein. So [00:21:30] I think this is really groundbreaking research because it's, it says, look, you can take someone who's eating a terrible diet completely, probably micronutrient division in many essential vitamins and minerals and such are eating a bunch of sugar and crap and processed foods and on and on and on and yet you can give them this nutritional bar that has a combination of micronutrients in it and you can quantify changes that are positive. Speaker 5: I think that's a really exciting ongoing project in our lab, Speaker 6: Bruce Ames and Rhonda Patrick, thanks very much [00:22:00] for being on spectrum. It's a pleasure. Absolutely a pleasure. Thanks for having us. Speaker 7: Aw. [inaudible] to learn more about the work aims and Patrick's are doing. Visit their websites. Bruce seems.org and found my fitness.com spectrum shows are archived on iTunes yet we've created this simple link for you. The link is tiny url.com/k a Alex spectrum Speaker 3: [00:22:30] and now a calendar of the science and technology events happening locally over the next two weeks. Rick Kreisky joins me to present the calendar on Sunday July 13th the bay area meetup, random acts of science will host an event to do science with paper papers, one of the most commonly available materials with a variety of science applications. Everything from the dynamics of classic paper airplanes launching paper rockets and building structures in [00:23:00] Origami will be discussed. The group will also learn about fibers and paper and how to create their own homemade paper. Raw materials will be provided, but attendees are also welcome to bring their own. The event will be held July 13th from two to 3:00 PM outside the genetics and plant biology building on the UC Berkeley campus. It is free and open to anyone interested in coming basics. The Bay area art science, interdisciplinary collaborative sessions. [00:23:30] We'll have their fifth event on Monday the 14th from six 30 to 10:00 PM at the ODC theater, three one five three 17th street in San Francisco. Speaker 3: The theme is monsters. Professor John Haffer. Nick, we'll introduce the audience to a peracetic fly that turns European honey bees into zombies, author and translator, Eric Butler. We'll explain how literature and film have made the Vampire [00:24:00] a native of Eastern Europe into a naturalized American with a preference for the Golden State Marine biologist David McGuire. Well, disentangle the media fueled myth of the shark from its true nature and Kyle Taylor, senior scientist for the gluing plant project will show off plants that glow in the dark. Admission will be on a sliding scale from absolutely nothing. Up to 20 bucks. Visit basics.com for more info. [00:24:30] That's B double a s I c s.com. On Saturday, July 19th you see Berkeley molecular and cell biology Professor Kathleen Collins will host the latest iteration of the monthly lecture series. Signs that cow Professor Collins will discuss the connections between the seemingly incontrovertible fact of human aging. A fascinating enzyme known as telomerase and malignant cancers. Speaker 3: While cancer cells can grow indefinitely [00:25:00] all normally functioning human tissues will eventually die out. This is because with each success of cell division, the protective cap or a telomere at the end of each chromosome is gradually degraded while the enzyme to limb arrays or pairs this damage in embryos. It is not fully active in adult human tissues. Perhaps to prevent the uncontrollable growth of cancer cells. Professor Collins will discuss telomeres and telomerase function and how they affect the balance of human aging [00:25:30] and immortality. The free public talk will be held July 19th in room one 59 of Mulford Hall on the UC Berkeley campus. The lecture will begin at 11:00 AM sharp science need is a monthly science happy hour for adults 21 and over the pairs. Lightning talks with interactive stations on the back patio of the El Rio bar at three one five eight mission street in San Francisco. Speaker 3: [00:26:00] The theme for July Science Neat is backyard science and we'll feature the science of things right here in the bay area from plants to plankton and beetles. Two bikes. Admission is $4 and the event will be on Tuesday, July 22nd from six 30 to 8:30 PM and now a few of our favorite science stories. Rick's back to present the news. The rocky planets that are closest to our son generally have an iron core [00:26:30] that makes up about a third of their mass that is surrounded by rock that makes up the other two thirds. Mercury is an exception and is the other way around. With a massive iron core that takes up about percent of the planet's mass. This has been difficult to explain. If mercury had been built up by collisions the way that Venus and earth and Mars where we'd expect it to have a similar composition in a letter published in nature geoscience on July six Eric s [00:27:00] fog and Andreas Roofer of Arizona State University report their simulations that suggests that collisions may have stripped away Mercury's mantle, some moon and planet sized rocks would bounce off of each other, sometimes knocking one body out of its orbit while the impactor and the leftover debris coalesced into a planet. Speaker 3: This model is consistent with Mercury's high abundance of [inaudible] elements that have been observed recently by NASA's messenger spacecraft [00:27:30] in their so called hit and run model. Mercury is missing metal would end up coalescing onto Venus or in your report compiled by UC Berkeley. Scientist has definitively linkedin gene that has helped Tibetan populations thrive in high altitude environments to hit or too little known human ancestor. The Denisovans, the Denisovans along with any thoughts when extinct around 40 to 50,000 years ago about the time that modern human began to ascend [00:28:00] and Aaliyah is a version of a gene in this case and unusually of the gene e p a s one which regulates hemoglobin production has been common among Tibetans since their move several thousand years ago. John Habit areas at around 15,000 feet of elevation. Well, most people have Leos that caused them to develop thick blood at these high elevations, which can later lead to cardiovascular problems. The tobacco wheel raises hemoglobin levels only slightly allowing possessors [00:28:30] to avoid negative side effects. So the report, which will later republished in the journal Nature details the unique presence of the advantageous aliyah. Among Tibetans and conclusively matches it with the genome of the Denisovans. This is significant because as principle author, Rasmus Nielsen, UC Berkeley professor of integrative biology writes, it shows very clearly and directly that humans evolved and adapted to new environments by getting their genes from another species. Nielsen added that there are many other [00:29:00] potential species to explore as sources of human DNA Speaker 8: [inaudible].Speaker 4: This show marks the end of our production of spectrum. I want to thank Rick Karnofsky, Renee, Rau, and Alex Simon for their help in producing spectrum. I want to extend a blanket thank you to all the guests who took the time to appear on spectrum over the three years we have been on Calex to Sandra Lenna, [00:29:30] Erin and Lorraine. Thanks for your guidance and help to Joe, Peter and Greg. Thanks for your technical assistance and encouragement to listeners. Thanks for tuning in and Speaker 7: stay tuned to Calico [inaudible]. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Minter Dialogue Internet Show #40This interview is with Rasmus Moller Nielsen, co-founder and CEO of Komfo, an IT company providing tools for social media, based in Copenhagen, Denmark, with Facebook marketing solutions among other services. In this interview we discuss the challenges of implementing social media marketing and some of the keys to overcoming them. We also talk about some of the trends and an outlook for 2013.Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/minterdial)