Podcast appearances and mentions of lady margaret hall

ABSTRACT Christine Korsgaard famously argued that even if we accept the metaphysical theory that there are no selves or persons, the practical standpoint requires us to think of ourselves as unified over time. It is the ability to choose and deliberate, make plans and act that requires me to construct an identity for myself. This practical requirement is antithetical to the Buddhist no-self view. Buddhists argue that it is primarily ignorance about our identity that is responsible for suffering, and that this ignorance consists not just in having a false belief in a metaphysical self but also our ordinary self-conception as being unified across time: our ‘I'-sense, so to say. Buddhists claim that this ‘I'-sense is the real culprit and the source of existential suffering. The Buddhist project of eliminating, or at least reducing, suffering is concerned with arguments to show that there is no metaphysical self and that ‘I'-sense is an illusion that we must get rid of. If Korsgaard is right, it seems that the Buddhist project is in deep trouble. I shall argue that Korsgaard's requirement is too strong. The Buddhist project is sound and Buddhists at all stages of their practice can continue to choose and deliberate, make plans and act ABOUT MONIMA Monima Chadha is Professor of Indian Philosophy at the University of Oxford and Fellow and Tutor in Philosophy at Lady Margaret Hall. Her research interests are in metaphysics and philosophy of mind in classical Indian and contemporary Western traditions. In recent years, she has written a book Selfless Minds (OUP, 2023) and many articles on Buddhist no-self views and their implications for our concepts of subjectivity, agency, responsibility, and ethical life.

This was a first and it was hilarious (just watch the outtake next week!).Susan Ní Chríodáin and I got to record this episode of the podcast outside in the beautiful gardens at Lady Margaret Hall at the University of Oxford, courtesy of Andrew Dickinson.After some shenanigans we got to dive into her recently-published book, Leading Beyond the Numbers, which is all about how accounting for emotions tips the balance at work.Who would have thought that my explanation of how imagination is our most misused resource would have made it into the book?!! You can listen to that conversation on Susan's podcast, Beyond the Numbers, here: Beyond The Numbers - Realise Your Vision (beyond-thenumbers.com)Today, we explore what human beings and being human is all about and how that impacts on us at work. Susan explains the need to account for emotions, how we must reconcile the brain, body and behaviour, how we need to be rational AND emotional, and business sensibility via emotional regulation and integration. The book is super easy to read, understand and apply. It is written in a way that is like listening to Susan telling us all about it during our conversation. I can almost hear her fabulous accent coming through the words. If you like what she has to say in the podcast, you'll love the book.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the doctrine of Karma as developed initially among Hindus, Jains and Buddhists in India from the first millennium BCE. Common to each is an idea, broadly, that you reap what you sow: how you act in this world has consequences either for your later life or your future lives, depending on your view of rebirth and transmigration. From this flow different ideas including those about free will, engagement with the world or disengagement, the nature of ethics and whether intention matters, and these ideas continue to develop today.With Monima Chadha Professor of Indian Philosophy and Tutorial Fellow at Lady Margaret Hall, University of OxfordJessica Frazier Lecturer in the Study of Religion at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of the Oxford Centre for Hindu StudiesAndKaren O'Brien-Kop Lecturer in Asian Religions at Kings College LondonProducer: Simon TillotsonIn Our Time is a BBC Studios Audio ProductionReading list:J. Bronkhorst, Karma (University of Hawaii Press, 2011)J. H. Davis (ed.), A Mirror is for Reflection: Understanding Buddhist Ethics (Oxford University Press, 2017), especially ‘Buddhism Without Reincarnation? Examining the Prospects of a “Naturalized” Buddhism' by J. WesterhoffJ. Ganeri (ed.), Ethics and Epics: Philosophy, Culture, and Religion (Oxford University Press, 2002), especially ‘Karma and the Moral Order' by B. K. MatilalY. Krishan, The Doctrine of Karma: Its Origin and Development in Brāhmaṇical, Buddhist and Jaina Traditions (Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited, 1997)N.K.G. Mendis (ed.), The Questions of King Milinda: An Abridgement of Milindapañha (Buddhist Publication Society, 1993)M. Siderits, How Things Are: An Introduction to Buddhist Metaphysics (Oxford University Press, 2022)M. Vargas and J. Dorris (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Moral Psychology (Oxford Univesrity Press, 2022), especially ‘Karma, Moral Responsibility and Buddhist Ethics' by B. FinniganJ. Zu, 'Collective Karma Cluster Concepts in Chinese Canonical Sources: A Note' (Journal of Global Buddhism, Vol.24: 2, 2023)

GUEST 1 OVERVIEW: Dr. Can Erimtan is an independent historian and geo-political analyst who used to live in Istanbul. At present, he is in self-imposed exile from Turkey. He has a wide interest in the politics, history and culture of the Balkans. the greater Middle East, and the world beyond.. He attended the VUB in Brussels and did his graduate work at the universities of Essex and Oxford. In Oxford, Erimtan was a member of Lady Margaret Hall and he obtained his doctorate in Modern History in 2002. His publications include the revisionist monograph “Ottomans Looking West?” as well as numerous scholarly articles. In Istanbul, Erimtan started publishing in the English language Turkish press, culminating in him becoming the Turkey Editor of the İstanbul Gazette. He has written for RT Op-Edge, NEO, and 21st Century Wire. https://twitter.com/TheErimtanAngle GUEST 2 OVERVIEW: Kristian James is a research assistant at 21st Century Wire. X/Twitter: @21KristianJames 

You may have heard a lot of discussion about the Roman Empire lately, but how much do we really know about the men at the heart of it all - the Roman Emperors? In this episode Alice Hazell, a classical archaeology and ancient history student at Lady Margaret Hall, speaks to Dr Panayiotis Christoforou, departmental lecturer in Roman History, and author of his recently published book ‘Imagining the Roman Emperor' to find out who the Emperors really were and how they were perceived by those they ruled.

Tutorials are the main academic event of the week, the culmination of most of the week's work. It is the point where most students have their understanding of a topic click so any hindrance due to periods can have a huge effect on student's learning. Hannah Bruce, a former undergraduate chemist wrote her dissertation on the gendered experiences of tutorials. Her main finding was that female students do more work in tutorials and she found that female students particularly struggled with three main areas; self-censoring, imposter syndrome and relatedness.Join Charlie, Lottie and Felicity as they discuss Hannah Bruce's findings, and share their own personal experiences within tutorials. (0:52) Introduction(1:32) The gendered experience of tutorials(7:14) Imposter syndrome(14:06) The leaky pipeline(21:47) Missing tutorials(25:55) ConclusionAbout the hosts:Charlie: Hi, I'm Charlie and I am a postgraduate student in inorganic chemistry. I am really passionate about EDI work within chemistry and when the project was proposed looking into the impact of periods in chemistry, I was really excited to be involved!Lottie: Hiya, I am Lottie and I am in my third-year (about to begin sitting my final exams). I have really enjoyed working on this podcast, especially as I am interested in how we better support students with their studies in chemistry once they arrive at university here. Felicity: Hi, I'm Felicity and I'm a second-year chemist studying at Lady Margaret Hall. I've always found the taboo surrounding periods really frustrating, so I have loved having open conversations about the impact of our periods and learning about all our different experiences!We want to talk about all things periods and how they affect our daily lives as chemists at Oxford. We would love to here your views and opinions:Follow us on FacebookFollow us on TwitterFollow us on InstagramFollow us on LinkedIn

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 857, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: universal studios florida 1: You'll find Universal Studios Florida in this city, not too far from Disney World. Orlando. 2: Watch out for the green slime geyser when you visit this "Nick at Nite" network's studio on the lot. Nickelodeon. 3: You'll careen through time and space on the thrill ride based on this trilogy of Michael J. Fox films. Back to the Future. 4: 4 stories tall, this ape, star of his own ride, is the largest computer-animated figure ever built. King Kong. 5: The ride based on this 1975 film starts out as peaceful tour of Amity Harbor but something is "fishy". Jaws. Round 2. Category: u.s place names 1: Anne Arundel County in this state is named for the wife of the second Lord Baltimore. Maryland. 2: A city near L.A. is named for this novelist from New England; wonder how many "scarlet" women live there. (Nathaniel) Hawthorne. 3: This New Mexico city was named for a railroad paymaster, not for a pollster. Gallup. 4: Motley County in this state wasn't named for Motley Crue but for a man wounded in the Battle of San Jacinto. Texas. 5: A dozen U.S. counties are named for this 19th century politician, a "Little Giant" indeed. (Stephen) Douglas. Round 3. Category: bio hazard 1: Roy Jenkins, a leader in the UK's Labour Party, wrote a bio of this great wartime Conservative leader. Churchill. 2: Ibn Ishaq scored in the 8th century with his biography of this Muslim leader. Mohammed. 3: 1922:"Seven Pillars of Wisdom". T.E. Lawrence (of Arabia). 4: 1991:"Lady Day". Billie Holiday. 5: 1975:"Why Not the Best?". Jimmy Carter. Round 4. Category: "o" no! 1: These bivalves breed in beds. oysters. 2: The word that opens the Lord's Prayer. our. 3: The Greek word for "bird" gave us this word for the study of birds. ornithology. 4: A hospital attendant, even if he's not tidy. an orderly. 5: Founded in 1878, Lady Margaret Hall is this European university's oldest women's college. Oxford. Round 5. Category: bo, moe or po 1: She had a sheep location problem. Little Bo Peep. 2: "Kid Gorgeous", "Kid Presentable", "Kid Gruesome" and finally "Kid" this were boxing nicknames of this "Simpsons" barkeep. Moe (Szyslak). 3: Italy's longest river. Po. 4: First name of the leader of a film trio of "Knuckleheads". Moe (Howard of the Three Stooges). 5: John Schneider first played this "Good Ol' Boy" in 1979. Bo Duke. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia! Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/

Although the pill is widely regarded as a contraceptive, with an estimated 70% of menstruators in Britain having used the pill at some stage in their lives, a study suggests that 31% of users take the pill as a method of treating period pain and 28% to regulate their menstrual cycle. As such, when discussing the effects that periods have on. the undergraduate experience, it is important to consider the impact that the pill has.Join Manami, Felicity and Charlie as they discuss the pill and how taking the pill has affected their experience of studying at Oxford. (0:53) Introduction(4:48) Positive Impacts of the Pill(7:30) Complications(13:02) The Pill and Unsolicited AdviceAbout the hosts:Charlie: Hi, I'm Charlie and I am a postgraduate student in inorganic chemistry. I am really passionate about EDI work within chemistry and when the project was proposed looking into the impact of periods in chemistry, I was really excited to be involved!Manami: Hi, I'm Manami and I'm a second-year undergraduate student at Oxford. I am really passionate about this project because my period has affected my degree and I would like others in this situation to not feel alone!Felicity: Hi, I'm Felicity and I'm a second-year chemist studying at Lady Margaret Hall. I've always found the taboo surrounding periods really frustrating, so I have loved having open conversations about the impact of our periods and learning about all our different experiences!We want to talk about all things periods and how they affect our daily lives as chemists at Oxford. We would love to here your views and opinions:Follow us on FacebookFollow us on TwitterFollow us on InstagramFollow us on LinkedIn

The battles of Ancient Greece are immortalised in popular culture, from films like Troy and the 300, to literature, art, and music. But what were these battles really like, who fought in them, and why did they break out? In this episode, Alice Hazell, a classical archaeology and ancient history student at Lady Margaret Hall, and speaks to Dr Roel Konijnendijk, Darby Fellow in Ancient History at Lincoln College, to discuss how Greek warfare functioned and in particular, to take a look at one of the most famous conflicts in history: the Persian Wars.

The Middle East and North Africa are two of the most archaeologically rich regions on earth. But as a result of military conflict, urban expansion, and climate change, these archaeological sites are increasingly under threat. In this episode, Alice Hazell, Classical Archaeology and Ancient History student at Lady Margaret Hall, speaks to Dr. Bill Finlayson, a professor of pre-historic environment and society and the director of the EAMENA project, to discuss the current threats to archaeological sites, what can be done to protect them, and why we should care about archaeology.

In eighteenth-century England, while famous writers such as Alexander Pope and Jonathon Swift were making a living through their published works, a small but growing number of women also started to live by their pens. However, because of the way women were perceived in the public sphere, they were not able to write about themselves in the way men did. In 2017, Professor Christine Gerrard gave the keynote address at the BAKEA conference in Turkey entitled ‘Memory and the Eighteenth-century Female Poet'. In this talk she discussed the difference between memory as expressed by male and female poets of this period, and this sparked an interest in women and memory that Professor Gerrard has been pursuing ever since. In this episode, Flora Symington, second year English student at Somerville College, will be interviewing Professor Gerrard, Fellow and Tutor in English at Lady Margaret Hall, about her work in this area.

In the 6th century BCE, coins were first minted in Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). Despite over 2500 years of human history, coins have continued to be a part of everyday life. Why were they invented? Why were they so successful? And what role has coinage played in the development of human history? In this episode, Alice Hazell, a Classical Archaeology and Ancient History student at Lady Margaret Hall speaks to Dr. Volker Heuchert, research lecturer in Greek coinage and the curator of Greek and Roman provincial coins at the Ashmolean Museum, to learn about the invention of coins and its impact on the world.

As result of global Covid lockdowns and satisfying videos on TikTok, pottery has experienced a new revival. With thousands of years of history behind the practice, what benefits might it have in store? And why might it just be the hobby of the future? In this episode, Alice Hazell, Classical Archaeology and Ancient History (CAAH) student at Lady Margaret Hall, will be interviewing Cathy O'Brien, an archaeology DPhil candidate at Keble college, who has used theories of cognitive archaeology and anthropology to research how people have been potting during the pandemic and its effect on our wellbeing.

It is difficult to hear the stories of medieval women, but one voice rings down the ages, clear as a bell. Alison, the Wife of Bath, is Geoffrey Chaucer's most famous creation: irrepressible, hilarious, insightful. She is the star of The Canterbury Tales with her outrageous stories and touching honesty. An inspiration for a huge range of writers – from William Shakespeare to Margaret Atwood and Zadie Smith – she is the sparkling subject at the heart of Marion Turner's new book, The Wife of Bath: A Biography. In this episode Turner takes us back to 1397. We visit Chaucer's world in London and Oxfordshire. We hear the extraordinary story of John of Gaunt and his beloved mistress Katherine Swynford. Along the way we meet some real-life Alisons. These were women who ran businesses, travelled extensively, and lived independently, including one who was mayoress of London, not once, but twice. Marion Turner is the J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford, where she is a Professorial Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall. Her books include the prize-winning biography Chaucer: A European Life. For more, as ever, visit our website: tttpodcast.com. Show notes Scene One: January 1397. The English Parliament and the legitimatisation of John of Gaunt's children with Katherine Swynford. Scene Two: End of 1397. Chaucer has been gifted a new grant of a yearly ton of wine from the King. Scene Three: Summer. Margaret Stodeye heads off to St Paul's Cathedral to declare a vow of chastity. Memento: Chaucer's handwritten draft of the Canterbury Tales. People/Social Presenter: Violet Moller Guest: Marion Turner Production: Maria Nolan Podcast partner: Ace Cultural Tours Theme music: ‘Love Token' from the album ‘This Is Us' By Slava and Leonard Grigoryan Follow us on Twitter: @tttpodcast_ Or on Facebook See where 1397 fits on our Timeline  

For the 250th episode, Alan Rusbridger discusses with Ivan six things which should be better known. Alan Rusbridger was Editor in Chief of the Guardian from 1995-2015. He is currently editor of Prospect Magazine and Chair of the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. Until 2021 he was Principal of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. During his time at the Guardian, both he and the paper won numerous awards, including the 2014 Pulitzer Prize for Public Service Journalism. The Guardian grew from a printed paper with a circulation of 400,000 to a leading digital news organisation with 150m browsers a month around the world. He launched now-profitable editions in Australia and the US as well as a membership scheme which now has 1m Guardian readers paying for content. He was born in Zambia, was educated at Cambridge and lives in London. He is the co-author of the BBC drama, Fields of Gold. He is a keen amateur musician and the author of Play it Again. His memoir of journalism and its future, Breaking News, was published in 2018. He is a member of the Facebook Oversight Board. His latest book, News and How to Use it, was published in 2020. Bone-conducting headphones https://www.soundguys.com/bone-conduction-headphones-20580/ Audio sleep masks https://www.headphonesty.com/2021/02/best-sleep-mask-with-headphones/ The music of Billy Mayerl http://www.perfessorbill.com/comps/wmayerl.shtml Electric bikes https://www.which.co.uk/reviews/electric-bikes/article/best-electric-bikes-aJMUp0P2yY0r Why free speech matters https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/feb/26/free-speech-bigots-no-platform Prospect magazine www.prospectmagazine.co.uk This podcast is powered by ZenCast.fm

Professor Michael Broers of Oxford University's Lady Margaret Hall assesses Napoleon's achievements and shortcomings, shortly after concluding his three-volume biography with 'Napoleon: The Decline And Fall Of An Empire 1811-1821'. This interview was recorded in late 2021, shortly after Prof Broers completed his manuscript. The book was published on August 2nd 2022.

Podcast: 22 minutes. Listen Now, or Download to Your Favorite App for Later, by clicking on “Listen in Podcast App” above right.A few days ago, I had a great video chat with Clare Mulley, and here it is for your mobile listening pleasure as an audio podcast! Clare is the bestselling author of critically acclaimed biographies The Spy Who Loved, The Women Who Flew for Hitler, and, our subject today, her first book, The Woman Who Saved the Children. Eglantyne Jebb was an upper-middle class Victorian Englishwoman, but she was also a pioneering modern: She was among the second generation of young British women to go to university, she engaged in groundbreaking social science research, and, above all, she founded a charity that was ambitious and international from the beginning.My chat with Clare is also available in transcript (at the end of this page) and as a video, which is in this post:I introduce The Woman Who Saved the Children in my longform retelling of Clare's story in Annette Tells Tales, which you might (or might not!) wish to read first (spoilers!). This post and the interview aim to thoroughly whet your appetite for this book, and all of Clare's biographies:TRANSCRIPTI've lightly edited this for clarity. AnnetteANNETTE LAING: I'm Annette Laing. I write Non-Boring History on Substack. I'm delighted to have with me today Clare Mulley, all the way from the UK. Clare is an award-winning, bestselling author, writing meticulously researched historical biographies. Among her books is The Spy Who Loved, which is about Krystyna Skarbek, otherwise known as Christine Granville, a Polish noblewoman who was reputedly Churchill's favorite spy during World War Two, and who really out-Bonded James Bond. She's also written The Women who Flew for Hitler, about two women who flew airplanes during WWII for the Nazis, but ended up having two very different stances on the War. Clare is also a book reviewer for various august publications in the United Kingdom, including The Spectator, The Telegraph, and History Today. She's also familiar to British viewers for her frequent appearances on television, including BBC's Rise of the Nazis, Channel 5's Secret History of World War Two, and Adolf and Eva. All of her books, so far, are optioned for television and movies. These are all books with Incredible popular appeal that also complicate our understanding of her subjects. But the book I'm going to discuss with Clare today is her very first, and it's on quite a different subject. It is The Woman Who Saved the Children and this is story of Eglantyne Jebb who, as the title suggests, founded the charity Save the ChildrenClare, by the way, holds a master's degree from the University of London, in social and cultural history. But unlike most of the authors that I write about and talk about at Non-Boring History, Clare wisely did not go into academia, which gives her a really terrific opportunity to connect with the public in very, very thoughtful ways. Welcome, Clare. Thank you for taking the time from your very busy schedule. I do appreciate it.Eglantyne Jebb, founder of Save the Children, upper-class Victorian woman, very much a woman of her times, and she founds this charity. And yet she's very blunt about it: She didn't like children. You are a very modern person and the mother of three. What led you to write about her? CLARE MULLEY: Yeah, I love this seeming contradiction. I don't think it actually is a contradiction. But it is true that she'd been a teacher early on in her career and she really found children very stressful, exhausting, too loud, noisy. And yeah, I've got three. But she kind of respected them. You said she was a woman of her times. I think perhaps she was ahead of her times in many ways. So she saw children as human beings. I think she said the idea of closer acquaintance [with children] appalled her, and it was a dreadful idea, so she didn't beat any bones about it. In fact, in the year she set up Save The Children, she told her best mate,  her very close friend Margaret Keynes, that, she said,  it's appalling I have to give all these talks about Save The Children and, you know, the common love of humanity towards children. It disgusts me. So she really didn't particularly want to spend time around children. She wasn't particularly maternal herself. She didn't have any children of her own. She never, in fact, married.There could be a number of reasons for that. But I do think she respected children. What she saw was young adults. She saw people, at a time when most people didn't think that children actually were humans enough to have human rights. Human rights were only for people of the age of 18, and below that,  there were parental rights, and the state had rights over children as well, but children didn't have individual rights.So one of the things that she did was she pioneered the idea of children being human beings, and being party to human rights.ANNETTE LAING: I noticed she laid the groundwork for the the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of the Child. CLARE MULLEY: There's a wonderful story about that. Apparently, there was a sunny summer Sunday. [In] 1924, she climbed up Mont Salève. And in fact, I went out to Mont Salève. I was actually pregnant at the time, doing my research for this. And I went out and I thought, well, I'll climb up as well. This was my third child. So I'd had two. And I'd been watching The Sound of Music, and I thought these mountains might be, you know, filled with daisies in the fields, but, no, it's sheer, vertical rock for thousands of feet. It's incredible. And so I went up in a sort of ski lift that takes you up to the top, and it had black and white photographs in it of ladies in cloches, but it turned out that had only been put in place a couple of years after Eglantyne died. So she actually did go in her long skirts and tightly laced boots and climb up this mountain. She settled down at the top, and looked down over Geneva, which of course, is the international city. The lake of Geneva at that point was full of barges with building materials to build what is now the United Nations building, which was then the League of Nations. It's where Esperanto was formed, and the International Women's League was there. So she settled down and cracked a square of chocolate. One of the many things I take from her is my love of chocolate. And she looked out over this view, and she was inspired to come up with this idea that every child, everywhere in the world, should be party to the same universal, human rights, and she penned a statement. It was just five things, quite basic, initially,  about healthcare, food, education, a safe space to play. All those sorts of things. And she marched down the mountain and got it pushed through the United Nations, the League of Nations as it was then. She was actually the first adviser for women and health care to the League of Nations.ANNETTE LAING: She was a very practical person. And one of the things that came out in the book, is that it is experience that pushes her to work for children, as opposed to with them. What were her pivotal experiences or influences that drew her into this work? CLARE MULLEY: She had already had . . . I don't want to go into cod psychology. You can go back to her childhood and the death of her younger brother, which affected her very deeply. She refers to him a lot later on in her life. I think he's this sort of representative of the potential abuse of the value of life. Another commitment she took at that point was to live a life of social purpose. And she was inspired by her parents. Her mother set up a national organization in the creative industries, to give people artisanal skills, and so on. So she had a wonderful example of a compassionate idea being turned into a national movement, through her mother's work. She was one of the second generation of women in Britain to get a university education and she went to Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford,  which now has a bronze bust of her in their library.And so there are a number of inspirations. But of course, it was the First World War. Just before the war, she went out [to the Balkans] for her brother-in-law. She was very close to her sister Dorothy, who had married a Liberal MP, a Quaker. And he went out to the Balkans and saw what was really, we now know, the rumblings towards the First World War. But then, it was sort of seen as a civil conflict in that part of Europe. He sent out [Eglantyne]  because she'd already done good work in charities in Cambridge. But she had never really considered doing international development work, or help. So she went out and set up soup kitchens, and family tracing, and things like that. She realized then that this is really important work, but it's ambulance work, relief work, and what you need to do is try and stop some of this from happening [in the first place]. So she's taking a very progressive view, even very early on. Then she came back [to England], and her work is completely swept aside by the First World War which is very depressing. But [during WWI] she takes an active role, translating the [European newspapers] with her sister Dorothy. Eventually, at the end of the war, she's really appalled, because the British then-Liberal government decided to continue the economic blockade against Europe as a means of pushing through harsh peace terms, or really to get better reparations for Britain. Eglantyne felt if people knew the human cost of that policy, they'd be as appalled as she was. Because, at this point, there were about 800 children dying in Germany every week.ANNETTE LAING It's interesting that she had this sort of early grasp of the power of propaganda. So that during the First World War, she and Dorothy, and others, Dorothy's husband, were working to translate the foreign press, articles showing a very different perspective on World War One, which really walked a fine line, didn't it, in terms of legality? Because the British government had  strict censorship, but you know what? They're showing that maybe the news you're getting isn't the news. And then after the war when she, when she was arrested for distributing pamphlets . . .CLARE MULLEY: Exactly. You have this wonderful leaflet. She had become part of the planning council to try and change that legislation. That was getting nowhere fast. You said she was practical. She was. She gets up and produces this leaflet with a very upsetting photograph of what looks like a little baby, can't stand, massive head, tiny body, but it's actually a two and a half year old girl who's suffering from malnutrition and whose body hasn't developed sufficiently because the nutrients are needed for the brain. [Eglantyne] started taking that around, distributing it, mainly in Trafalgar Square, the sort of traditional site of public protest in the center of London, where the suffragettes often were,  and she was using suffragette tactics. So she was chalking up the pavement, saying, "Fight the Famine, End the Blockade". And she was, of course, arrested pretty much immediately. Well, she managed to get rid of eight hundred leaflets, but she was arrested and taken away. But they made a bit of a mistake. She's not the sort of person that you can quietly sweep under a carpet. So, when her court case came up, she actually insisted on presenting her own defense. And she knew that, legally, she didn't have a leg to stand on, because her leaflets weren't cleared by the government censors. So she focused on the moral argument,  and she gave the court reporters up in the gallery at the courthouse plenty to fill their columns with.The crown prosecutor, Sir Archibald Bodkin, he didn't spare her in his condemnation. But once the case was closed, she was only fined five pounds, and it could have been five pounds for every leaflet, or she could've been given a prison sentence, you know, so it really was the minimum. Once the case was over, he came up to her, in front of everyone, including the reporters, and took out his wallet a five-pound note, you know, they were quite big in those days, and pressed it into her hands. You know, it's the sum of her fine. He's clearly saying, as far as I'm concerned, you know, morally you won your case. And she said, no thanks. I can pay my own fine. But she took his five pounds. She said, I'll put this towards a new cause, to help save the children of Europe. And that was the first donation ever to Save the Children, from the crown prosecutor at the founder's arrest. ANNETTE LAING : Lovely, lovely story. And, you know, what you said earlier. that she was a woman ahead of her time,  I do think you bring that out in the book that Save the Children rapidly becomes, not just a local little charity in London, coming out of this one little group. She meets the Pope! There are branches of Save The Children all over the world, in pretty short order.CLARE MULLEY:  That comes from meeting the Pope, yes. She actually wrote first to the head of the Church of England, who was  Archbishop Randall Davidson at the time.  And because she was a Christian . . . Her faith was kind of unique and spiritual, but it was within the Christian fold, in her mind.And so she wrote to the head of the Church of England, the Archbishop of Canterbury, for support. And he thought, well, actually, this is quite political, wasn't she arrested? You know, he didn't even bother writing back.So she just wrote to the Pope, and he was much more interested,  and invited her to meet him. So she went over to the Vatican. She had to wear a mantilla over her face,  and then the door burst open, and an emissary called out in Italian.She spoke many languages, but, sadly, not Italian, but he kind of turned and ran on his heels. She said he looked like an Indian rubber ball in a purple dressing gown, kind of bounding down this corridor. And she's holding onto her mantilla, and pulls up her skirt, and pegs after him.And she went into this big hall. It was full of gold and big pillars, and there, she said, was a little figure at the back, standing still like a ghost, and suddenly remembering, you know, Popes tend to wear white, look a bit ghostly. She bobbed down on one knee, and it was the Pope, and he came and raised her up. And instead of the 20 minute appointment, he gave her over two hours, making notes in what she called a grubby little notebook. And he was so inspired by her. I mean, she commissioned some very early research, but her passion as well, her knowledge [came across]He said, I won't just ask Catholic churches in England, as she had requested, to give their collections one day for Save the Children's cause, but I'll ask Catholic churches around the world. And because of that, these individual congregations overseas then said the need hasn't gone away, and they became the early Save the Children overseas.So, you have this very interesting and very modern organization, that not only raises funds in Britain  and sends it overseas, but raises funds all over the world, and sends it wherever it's needed. Reciprocity like that is at the heart of what [Eglantyne] believed. So for example, one of the first donors to the children of Vienna after the First World War were the mining unions in Wales. They came together and all their members put some money in to help these children who were starving to death in Austria, in Vienna. And then about four, five years later, there was terrible poverty in the Welsh valleys, because there were miners' strikes, and a collapse of the industry. And there was real suffering among the children. And the City of Vienna got together and raised funds, and sent aid and, you know, funding support back over to Wales.That's how it's always been. It's not about you know, what we now call the developed world, or the Western Hemisphere or the North helping the South or whatever. It's about wherever there is need and wherever there is opportunity to help,  it's reciprocal.ANNETTE LAING: Right, she had, in that way, a very modern perspective, very egalitarian perspective. And yet, you know, at the same time, when I think of her as, here's this woman with this incredible upper-middle class confidence that is sort of developed, particularly, I imagine, at Oxford. And so, you know, in that sense, a Victorian woman who has such a short life,  dies at 52.You know, the world of nonprofits, as we say in the US, or charities today, is a very different place from in Eglantyne Jebb's time. Would there be a place for an Eglantyne Jebb in the world of nonprofits or charities today? CLARE MULLEY: There are some, and we need more, there's no question of it. Yeah, and she was very ahead of her time. It wasn't just that. I mean she was the first person to use cinema photography, cinema footage, to really bring home to people what was going on. She used, you know, "skip lunch" for the first time, donate your lunch money. She did all of these things. Sponsor a child was part of that initial team. So was fundraising use of branding, it's absolutely fantastic. You see her wearing Save the Children hats. I've looked everywhere in people's attics for that hat. If you come across it , Annette, please let me know. ANNETTE LAING: I will, I will! CLARE MULLEY: She using all these very modern ways, and her language we're talking about, it's not patronizing, it's very modern. And so, yes, of course, we need much more people, you know, working along those lines.And, you know, there's other things that she brings as well. So, I mean, her closest relationship in life was with a woman, and for a long time, this wasn't talked about because people are worried, you know, about the sensitivities around that. Thank goodness, a lot of the world has moved on now, and this is something discussed much more openly. In fact, Save the Children does a huge amount of work around LGBTQ+ issues, which is fantastic. So how wonderful to have a woman like that who was pioneering the way, back in the day. ANNETTE LAING: Fantastic. And you did yourself work for Save the Children when you began this project, which brought you into contact [not literally— A.] with Eglantyne Jebb. And all the royalties,  I believe, from this book go to Save the Children, which is fabulous and marvelous. So from your first project, then, to your most recent. You're writing a book, I believe already under contract with Weidenfeld and Nicholson, called Agent Zo. So can you give us a little preview what that's going to be about?CLARE MULLEY: Lovely question, thank you. Agent Zo's the working title. Hope it'll be called that, we'll see, and it's about this incredible [woman] in the Second World War. She's basically a special agent in the Second World War, and she was the only Polish woman to manage to bring contact between their commander-in-chief in occupied Poland, the first of the occupied countries.  She gets through Germany, through France, over the Pyrenees, this extraordinary journey, and being shot at in the mountains and all the rest of it. [She] eventually reaches London, where she reported to the Polish commander-in-chief,  Władysław Sikorski and had to go through working with SOE [British intelligence during WWII]. And then she's there, and the Poles are just amazed that a woman has achieved this. Some of them say, can't we just kiss your hand, you're a goddess to us, I mean, how did you manage it? You're so wonderful.  And she's just like, oh, stop all that lip. Where are the files? Why aren't you answering the ciphers quickly enough? She tries to improve all their systems, and they can't stand it because she's a woman. So one of them tries flirting with her. He thinks, oh, maybe, if I talk about silk stockings, that'll, you know, get the feminine side out. She's just like, oh, come on. So she's just sort of given all these extra hurdles, and in the end they say, okay. thanks. We've got all the information. She brings this incredible stash of information about persecution of the Jews, about some of the V1 missiles, the Vengeance, you know, that's the buzz bomb, troop movements, everything. They go, okay, thank you. That's been fantastic, Zo. Now, where do you want to relax? Do you want to spend the rest of the war in Scotland? She said, don't be ridiculous. I'm going back to Poland. And they're like, well, how? You know, you can't parachute. And she said,  why not? The men are parachuting. So she becomes the only female member of the Polish Special Forces, paratroopers, the Cichociemni, or Silent Unseen, to parachute back behind enemy lines into Warsaw, and then fights in the Warsaw Uprising. And that's not the end of her story.I mean, she's just this amazing, amazing woman.ANNETTE LAING I detect this theme in your books, being drawn to these to these exceptional, extraordinary women. Or maybe they're not exceptional. I mean, that's the other thing. I often talk to teachers, and one of the things I chide everybody about is, don't assume you know everything about a subject. Just don't, you never will, and much of it still remains to be written. Most of it still remains to be written. There are just so many stories. And right now, and this is just my own personal comment that you need not endorse, we have just seen a very concerning uptick in misogyny in  the last couple of years, this thing about Karens that I find very, very strange. It is so good to see you complicating people's understanding of women's role in the past.CLARE MULLEY: A gray area. ANNETTE LAING: Yeah, and you're dealing with stories that academic historians, and I think it's fair to say in Britain particularly . .  . It's a more conservative field. They're going to attack me for this, but it is a more narrow field, and you've been able not only to do work that they haven't, but also to bring it to this enormous audience. So for that, thank you so much, Clare Mulley. Once again folks, you can get this and any of Clare's wonderful books from the source of your choice. And of course, I do encourage folks, to, you know, avoid the dreaded Amazon if you can, but either way, do get ahold of Clare's books. Don't forget libraries and independent bookstores. Clare, it's been an absolute pleasure having you today. Thank you so much for your time.CLARE MULLEY: Thank you. It was a pleasure.Clare Mulley's The Woman Who Saved the Children is available from libraries and booksellers. Non-Boring History is a reader-supported publication, in which historian Dr. Annette Laing introduces readers to the wonderful world of US, UK, and Atlantic World history, including by translating the hidden treasures of academic history for real people. To receive her posts and support this work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Get full access to Non-Boring History at annettelaing.substack.com/subscribe

Kwame Kwei-Armah is British actor, playwright, director and broadcaster. In 2018 he was made Artistic Director of the Young Vic, where he has directed Twelfth Night and Tree. From 2011 to 2018 he was previously the Artistic Director of Baltimore Center Stage where he directed: Jazz, Marley, One Night in Miami, Amadeus, Dance of the Holy Ghosts, The Mountaintop; An Enemy of the People, The Whipping Man and Things of Dry Hours.Other work as a director includes: Tree (Manchester International Festival), Twelfth Night, Comedy of Errors, Much Ado About Nothing, Detroit'67 (Public Theatre, New York), The Liquid Plain (Signature Theatre, New York and Oregon Shakespeare Festival), Porgy and Bess (Baltimore Symphony Orchestra) the Olivier Nominated One night in Miami for Best New Play 2016 (Donmar Warehouse) and One Love (Birmingham Repertory Theatre). As a playwright his credits include Tree (Manchester International Festival, Young Vic), One Love(Birmingham Repertory Theatre), Beneatha's Place (Baltimore Center Stage) Elmina's Kitchen, Fix Up, Statement of Regret (National Theatre) Let There Be Love and Seize the Day (Tricycle Theatre). Kwame was Artistic Director for the Festival of Black arts and Culture, Senegal, in 2010. He conceived and directed the opening ceremony at Senghor National stadium. He was an Associate Director of the Donmar Warehouse and has served on the boards of the National Theatre, Tricycle Theatre, and Theatre Communications Group. Kwame was the Chancellor of the University of the Arts London from 2010 to 2015, and in 2012 was awarded an OBE for Services to Drama.In 2012, 2013 and 2014 Kwame was named Best Director in City Paper's Best of Baltimore Awards and in 2015 was nominated for the prestigious Stage Directors and Choreographers Zelda Fichandler Award for Best Regional Artistic Director. In 2016 he was awarded the Urban Visionary Award alongside House Representative Elijah Cummings by the Center for Urban Families for his work in the Baltimore community. In 2019 he was the Chair of the Bruntwood Prize for Playwriting. Kwame is a patron of Ballet Black and a visiting fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Contemporary poets read from their translations of the Purgatorio and from their poems about Dante. After Dante: Poets in Purgatory, edited by Nick Havely with Bernard O'Donoghue, was published by Arc Poetry in July and marks the 700th anniversary of the poet's death in exile at Ravenna on 14 September 1321. This new complete version of Dante's Purgatorio is by sixteen contemporary poets who enter into dialogue with the original by rendering it into a variety of Anglophone voices: American, Australian, British, Irish, Jamaican,Scottish, Singaporean. The video of the launch (on 10 November 2021) includes nine of the poets reading parts of the cantos they have translated and some of their poems about Dante's Purgatory; it also features poems by a predecessor and a contemporary of Dante. The programme begins with an introduction to another book on Dante's work: John Dickson Batten: Illustrations for Dante's 'Inferno', edited by Pater Hainsworth, also published this year (by Panarc International). The event was supported by TORCH, the Oxford Dante Society and Lady Margaret Hall. Speakers/contributors (alphabetical order): Jane Draycott; Steve Ellis; Andrew Fitzsimons; Lorna Goodison; Peter Hainsworth; Nick Havely; Angela Jarman; Jan Kemp; Jamie McKendrick; Bernard O'Donoghue; A.E. Stallings; Patrick Worsnip.

Aldo talks to Conrad Wolfram about why he feels he is in a unique central position to spread the word on radically changing the way we teach and learn Mathematics.    Guest Introduction:    Throughout my career as an edtech builder and working with teachers & students over the globe, I have spoken to many people who feel that things need to be done differently in Education. Some demand drastic changes while others say that small, incremental alterations will eventually lead to a new re-energised process of teaching and learning.    The people I speak to, some of them have been guests on this podcast, are often holistic thinkers and speak about overall systemic changes and new approaches to education but my next guest has good reasons to get very specific and change the way we teach and learn one subject that affects us all: Mathematics.    Conrad Wolfram has been working for decades on changing the way we teach and learn Mathematics in schools. In 2010 he founded ComputerBasedMathematics.org to end the disconnect between school mathematics and real life justifiably claiming that we should embrace computers more in the process.    In a variety of interviews & talks Wolfram advocates for us to ‘democratise experience' by making full use of the technology tools and automated computational thinking available to us.    “Computers put great automation levels between the mechanics of math, the calculating, and what you're trying to get done, too. When the automation gets good, you can go much further by doing it on the machine with a computer than you can by hand, and the subject of the mechanics of calculating becomes a distinct subject from using, applying, or doing math.” states Wolfram in an inspiring TED talk he held back in 2010.   In his 2020 book: ‘The Math(s) Fix: An Education Blueprint for the AI Age' Wolfram exposes why maths education is in a global crisis, and how the only fix is a fundamentally new mainstream subject.    “After more than 15 years of conceptualising the idea, 10 years of build-out and 2 years of writing and editing” Conrad Wolfram published the book in June last year.    The Math(s) Fix' does not only identify the problem and aligning complaints, but also suggests a clear alternative outlining a four-step process that can be used across the curriculum: define the questions, abstract them to computable form, compute answers, and interpret results.   The book was very warmly received and even won an Independent Press Award in Education earlier this year.    Seemingly Conrad was born into critical, independent, abstract thinking as both his parents were writers. His mother Sybil Wolfram was a Fellow & Tutor in Philosophy at Lady Margaret Hall at the University of Oxford and his brother Stephen is a well-known physicist, mathematician and computer scientist who (among others) became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society in 2012.    Conrad holds Masters degrees in Natural Sciences and Mathematics from Cambridge University and founded the company Wolfram Research Europe Ltd. in 1991.    Together with his brother, Conrad has also been shaping up the company Wolfram Research since 1996.    Among many other things, Conrad has led the effort within this company to move the use of its flagship product called ‘Mathematica' from a pure computation system to a development and deployment engine.    Needless to say that for this interview I am in the company of a great mind that I am dying to pick for ideas on Maths Education Reform.    A very warm welcome to you Conrad!   You can find out more about Conrad's book here: https://www.computerbasedmath.org/the-maths-fix   And find helpful resources here: https://www.wolfram.com/wolfram-u/catalog/computational-thinking/

Kathrin Bachleitner remaps the road that led to Germany's "atonement" for the Holocaust The duty to remember the Holocaust, the profession of responsibility for the atrocities committed, the admission of guilt and shame on the part of all Germans with the ensuing effort to atone for the past constitute the cornerstone of Germany's national memory approach today. However, what started this official ‘atoner attitude' in the first instance? More specifically, what was the initial push towards the long road of atonement, and why did German political leaders decide to take this approach in the first place? To answer this question, the presentation examines the decision to pay reparations to Israel in 1952. Through archival documents, the case study reconstructs the international incentives, mindset and diplomatic backchannel discussions between the Israelis, the Allies and the West Germans and compares these with the Austrian case. Altogether, the paper sheds new light on the roots of the German “atonement approach” – particularly the role of Israel therein – explicating more generally which international constellations and aspects of the global political process bear the potential to lead countries towards atonement. Dr. Kathrin Bachleitner is the IKEA Foundation Research Fellow in International Relations at Lady Margaret Hall. She wrote her DPhil at the University of Oxford about the diplomatic relations between Israel, Germany and Austria. Her research focuses on collective memory and values within International Relations, mainly how WWII and the memory of the Holocaust affected inter-state relations. She is the author of the book Collective Memory in International Relations, recently published with OUP.

Chris Hirst, Global CEO of advertising group Havas Creative, cuts through the bullshit and gets to the heart of modern leadership in this straight-talking podcast brought to you by Intelligence Squared.In this episode Chris speaks to Kwame Kwei-Armah, the Artistic Director of the Young Vic theatre in London. He is also an actor, playwright, singer and broadcaster. From 2011 to 2018 he was the Artistic Director of Baltimore Center Stage, and he was Artistic Director for the Festival of Black arts and Culture, Senegal, in 2010. His series of eight short films, Soon Gone: A Windrush Chronicle, was shown on BBC4 in 2019. He is a patron of Ballet Black and a visiting fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University. If you enjoyed this podcast please let us know what you think by rating and reviewing No Bullsh*t Leadership on Apple Podcasts. Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/intelligencesquared. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Chris Hirst, Global CEO of advertising group Havas Creative, cuts through the bullshit and gets to the heart of modern leadership in this straight-talking podcast brought to you by Intelligence Squared. In this episode Chris speaks to Kwame Kwei-Armah, the Artistic Director of the Young Vic theatre in London. He is also an actor, playwright, singer and broadcaster. From 2011 to 2018 he was the Artistic Director of Baltimore Center Stage, and he was Artistic Director for the Festival of Black arts and Culture, Senegal, in 2010. His series of eight short films, Soon Gone: A Windrush Chronicle, was shown on BBC4 in 2019. He is a patron of Ballet Black and a visiting fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University. If you enjoyed this podcast please let us know what you think by rating and reviewing No Bullsh*t Leadership on Apple Podcasts. For updates on the series follow @intelligence2 and @chrishirst on Twitter. Executive Producer: Farah Jassat; Editor: Emma Corsham; Technical Support: Mark Roberts. Chris Hirst is author of the award-winning book No Bulls*ht Leadership: Why the World Needs More Everyday Leaders and Why That Leader Is You. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Michelle Paver is a British novelist who was born in Malawi where she lived until she was three years old. Her mother was Belgian and her father was South African. Michelle was educated at Wimbledon High School and went on to read biochemistry at Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford, After University she became a partner in a City of London law firm.Her first children's novel, Wolf Brother was published in 2004. Set during the Stone Age this is the story of twelve-year-old Torak and his companion, Wolf.  Following a mortal wounding by a bear, Torak's father speaks through his dying breath and asks his son to make him a promise. Alone, wounded, terrified and on the run, Torak must now lead the bear to the Mountain of the World Spirit - a mountain that no one has ever found before.This is the first book in The Chronicles of Ancient Darkness which is followed by seven more books, the most recent is Skin Taker published in April 2021.About Skin Taker The Clans will be tested as never before, as they battle to find ways to survive and thrive in their beloved Forest.In the Dark Time of midwinter, disaster strikes the Forest.Chaos rules. Bears woken from their dens prowl the shadowy valleys. Desperate clans battle for survival.Only demons thrive. With their world in turmoil, Torak, Renn and Wolf are tested as never before. And as a new evil haunts the devastated land, Torak must risk his sanity, his life and even his soul to save everything he loves...Skin Taker carries you back to the Stone Age, to nature, drawing you deeper into an astonishing environment and adventure which began with Wolf Brother and has captivated millions of readers

Jasmine Jagger provides a short introduction to Edward Lear. Jasmine Jagger provides a short introduction to Edward Lear, a literary nonsense author whose fanciful limericks and invented words inspired numerous fantasy authors. Dr Jagger lectured at Oxford (Jesus and Lady Margaret Hall), and is now a member of the Department of English and Creative Writing at the University of Roehampton.

Jasmine Jagger provides a short introduction to Edward Lear. Jasmine Jagger provides a short introduction to Edward Lear, a literary nonsense author whose fanciful limericks and invented words inspired numerous fantasy authors. Dr Jagger lectured at Oxford (Jesus and Lady Margaret Hall), and is now a member of the Department of English and Creative Writing at the University of Roehampton.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 137, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: 5 Letter Words 1: An assumed identity, or the type of letter that accompanies a resume. Cover letter. 2: Emily Post says in this kind of letter, don't call death "a blessing in disguise". Condolence letter. 3: Also a fruit, it should always be found in the heading of a letter. Date. 4: "Very truly yours" is a "complimentary" this, also something done to a door. Closing. 5: The garment worn here, it follows "zip" in something the Postal Service wants you to use. Plus fours. Round 2. Category: "O" No! 1: These bivalves breed in beds. oysters. 2: The Greek word for "bird" gave us this word for the study of birds. ornithology. 3: Founded in 1878, Lady Margaret Hall is this European university's oldest women's college. Oxford. 4: This London theatre was once known as the Royal Victoria. the Old Vic. 5: Last name of Ambrosio and Bernardo, father and son politicians of Chile. O'Higgins. Round 3. Category: Ukraine On The Brain 1: The worst nuclear accident in history happened at this Ukrainian site in 1986. Chernobyl. 2: After conquering the region, this empress introduced serfdom to Ukraine in 1795. Catherine the Great. 3: Ukraine's capital lends its name to this poultry dish in which breasts are rolled up with butter, breaded and fried. Chicken Kiev. 4: Ukrainians call this body of water "Chorne More". the Black Sea. 5: This strategic peninsula became part of Ukraine in 1954. the Crimea. Round 4. Category: Whaaazuuup?! 1: On Dec. 14, 1972 Gene Cernan became the last man to drive a vehicle up here. the moon. 2: Launched Oct. 4, 1957, it circled the Earth once every 96 minutes, going 18,000 MPH. Sputnik. 3: Leonardo da Vinci sketched one of these in 1483; Sikorsky produced the first practical one in 1939. helicopter. 4: In May 1927 this plane was tested by flying from San Diego to NYC; it took 20 hours, 21 minutes. the Spirit of St. Louis. 5: With room for 700, this traveled 1 mile at a height of 70 feet on its only flight in 1947. the Spruce Goose. Round 5. Category: "Fre"-Dom 1: Wrigley's "extra" brand of cinnamon chewing gum bills itself as this on its wrapper. sugar free. 2: Lord Tennyson, or Batman's Butler. Alfred. 3: Elevun letr wurd fur the job thet wud b rezponzibl fir fiksin this clu's speling problims. proofreader. 4: Prestone makes one that provides protection down to -84 degrees. antifreeze. 5: It's the art of painting on a moist, plaster surface with colors ground up in water. fresco. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia!

As common as it is today to speak of the relative “height” of musical pitches or of the sense of “vocal space” as it opened up by particular recording techniques, we did not always understand sound to be spatial. How did it become so? In Stereophonica: Sound and Space in Science, Technology, and the Arts (MIT Press, 2021), Gascia Ouzounian (Associate Professor of Music, Oxford University; Fellow and Tutor, Lady Margaret Hall) explores the answer, drawing on episodes drawn from the history of stereo technologies in the nineteenth century through to visual representations of and in sonic environments today. Ouzounian takes the reader from early innovations in the laboratory study of stereophony to the mobilization of the human hearing sense during World War I. Her account covers spectacular demonstrations of new sound-reproducing technologies in the inter-war period, the applications of new psychoacoustic theories of spatial hearing in both peacetime and in war, and right up to the 21st century, as the relation between sound and space are interrogated in contemporary sound installation art and radical interventions in the urban soundscapes of modern-day Beirut, Lebanon. This entry into sound studies and the history of technology deals with an array of historical, instrumental, and artistic cases in the long history of spatial sound. The reward of following its broad purview is a rich web of connections that disclose sound and listening as a long-fruitful site not only of aesthetics but also of the ethics of space and place, thereby opening up further study in the intersection between sound studies and sonic urbanism. Eamonn Bell (@_eamonnbell) is a postdoctoral Research Fellow at Trinity College Dublin in the Department of Music. His current research project examines the story of the compact disc from a viewpoint between musicology and media studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

As common as it is today to speak of the relative “height” of musical pitches or of the sense of “vocal space” as it opened up by particular recording techniques, we did not always understand sound to be spatial. How did it become so? In Stereophonica: Sound and Space in Science, Technology, and the Arts (MIT Press, 2021), Gascia Ouzounian (Associate Professor of Music, Oxford University; Fellow and Tutor, Lady Margaret Hall) explores the answer, drawing on episodes drawn from the history of stereo technologies in the nineteenth century through to visual representations of and in sonic environments today. Ouzounian takes the reader from early innovations in the laboratory study of stereophony to the mobilization of the human hearing sense during World War I. Her account covers spectacular demonstrations of new sound-reproducing technologies in the inter-war period, the applications of new psychoacoustic theories of spatial hearing in both peacetime and in war, and right up to the 21st century, as the relation between sound and space are interrogated in contemporary sound installation art and radical interventions in the urban soundscapes of modern-day Beirut, Lebanon. This entry into sound studies and the history of technology deals with an array of historical, instrumental, and artistic cases in the long history of spatial sound. The reward of following its broad purview is a rich web of connections that disclose sound and listening as a long-fruitful site not only of aesthetics but also of the ethics of space and place, thereby opening up further study in the intersection between sound studies and sonic urbanism. Eamonn Bell (@_eamonnbell) is a postdoctoral Research Fellow at Trinity College Dublin in the Department of Music. His current research project examines the story of the compact disc from a viewpoint between musicology and media studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/sound-studies

As common as it is today to speak of the relative “height” of musical pitches or of the sense of “vocal space” as it opened up by particular recording techniques, we did not always understand sound to be spatial. How did it become so? In Stereophonica: Sound and Space in Science, Technology, and the Arts (MIT Press, 2021), Gascia Ouzounian (Associate Professor of Music, Oxford University; Fellow and Tutor, Lady Margaret Hall) explores the answer, drawing on episodes drawn from the history of stereo technologies in the nineteenth century through to visual representations of and in sonic environments today. Ouzounian takes the reader from early innovations in the laboratory study of stereophony to the mobilization of the human hearing sense during World War I. Her account covers spectacular demonstrations of new sound-reproducing technologies in the inter-war period, the applications of new psychoacoustic theories of spatial hearing in both peacetime and in war, and right up to the 21st century, as the relation between sound and space are interrogated in contemporary sound installation art and radical interventions in the urban soundscapes of modern-day Beirut, Lebanon. This entry into sound studies and the history of technology deals with an array of historical, instrumental, and artistic cases in the long history of spatial sound. The reward of following its broad purview is a rich web of connections that disclose sound and listening as a long-fruitful site not only of aesthetics but also of the ethics of space and place, thereby opening up further study in the intersection between sound studies and sonic urbanism. Eamonn Bell (@_eamonnbell) is a postdoctoral Research Fellow at Trinity College Dublin in the Department of Music. His current research project examines the story of the compact disc from a viewpoint between musicology and media studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/music

As common as it is today to speak of the relative “height” of musical pitches or of the sense of “vocal space” as it opened up by particular recording techniques, we did not always understand sound to be spatial. How did it become so? In Stereophonica: Sound and Space in Science, Technology, and the Arts (MIT Press, 2021), Gascia Ouzounian (Associate Professor of Music, Oxford University; Fellow and Tutor, Lady Margaret Hall) explores the answer, drawing on episodes drawn from the history of stereo technologies in the nineteenth century through to visual representations of and in sonic environments today. Ouzounian takes the reader from early innovations in the laboratory study of stereophony to the mobilization of the human hearing sense during World War I. Her account covers spectacular demonstrations of new sound-reproducing technologies in the inter-war period, the applications of new psychoacoustic theories of spatial hearing in both peacetime and in war, and right up to the 21st century, as the relation between sound and space are interrogated in contemporary sound installation art and radical interventions in the urban soundscapes of modern-day Beirut, Lebanon. This entry into sound studies and the history of technology deals with an array of historical, instrumental, and artistic cases in the long history of spatial sound. The reward of following its broad purview is a rich web of connections that disclose sound and listening as a long-fruitful site not only of aesthetics but also of the ethics of space and place, thereby opening up further study in the intersection between sound studies and sonic urbanism. Eamonn Bell (@_eamonnbell) is a postdoctoral Research Fellow at Trinity College Dublin in the Department of Music. His current research project examines the story of the compact disc from a viewpoint between musicology and media studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

As common as it is today to speak of the relative “height” of musical pitches or of the sense of “vocal space” as it opened up by particular recording techniques, we did not always understand sound to be spatial. How did it become so? In Stereophonica: Sound and Space in Science, Technology, and the Arts (MIT Press, 2021), Gascia Ouzounian (Associate Professor of Music, Oxford University; Fellow and Tutor, Lady Margaret Hall) explores the answer, drawing on episodes drawn from the history of stereo technologies in the nineteenth century through to visual representations of and in sonic environments today. Ouzounian takes the reader from early innovations in the laboratory study of stereophony to the mobilization of the human hearing sense during World War I. Her account covers spectacular demonstrations of new sound-reproducing technologies in the inter-war period, the applications of new psychoacoustic theories of spatial hearing in both peacetime and in war, and right up to the 21st century, as the relation between sound and space are interrogated in contemporary sound installation art and radical interventions in the urban soundscapes of modern-day Beirut, Lebanon. This entry into sound studies and the history of technology deals with an array of historical, instrumental, and artistic cases in the long history of spatial sound. The reward of following its broad purview is a rich web of connections that disclose sound and listening as a long-fruitful site not only of aesthetics but also of the ethics of space and place, thereby opening up further study in the intersection between sound studies and sonic urbanism. Eamonn Bell (@_eamonnbell) is a postdoctoral Research Fellow at Trinity College Dublin in the Department of Music. His current research project examines the story of the compact disc from a viewpoint between musicology and media studies. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/technology

In this episode, BBC Music Magazine’s editor Oliver Condy talks to the former Guardian editor and now principal of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, Alan Rusbridger.While the editor of a national paper during the Arab Spring, Wikileaks controversies, the newspaper hacking scandal, riots in the UK and more, Alan Rusbridger found time to learn and perform Chopin’s Ballade No. 1, a feat he describes in his book Play It Again: An Amateur Against the Impossible.Recordings featured:Chopin: Ballade No. 1Murray Perahia (piano)Sony Classical Britten: Young Person’s Guide to the OrchestraNew York Philharmonic/Leonard BernsteinSony Classical Bach arr. Busoni: Nun komm, der Heiden HeilandAlfred Brendel (piano)Decca Beethoven: String Quartet in C-sharp minor, Op. 131Takacs QuartetDecca Schubert: Variations on an Original ThemeAndreas Staier & Alexander Melnikov (piano)Harmonia Mundi See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Today I am talking to musicologist and podcaster Annablle Lee. Annabelle's research focuses on the way social media has influenced the classical music scene and our talk today explores how recent developments in technology has influence the various facets of the classical music industry.Dr. Annabelle Lee graduated from Royal Holloway, University of London with a PhD in Musicology, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council. Her thesis investigated the effects of social media marketing on the music business, with a focus on the classical music sector. Prior to her doctoral studies, she graduated from Durham University with a first class honours degree in Music, and completed the MSt Music (Musicology) from Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford. For over two years, she worked as a marketing coordinator and manager in London and Gloucester, specialising in social media strategy. She also worked as a freelance flautist and Visiting Tutor in Music at Royal Holloway University. Annabelle has published a number of articles based on her PhD research in publications such as Early Music Performer, Musicology Research, Classical Music Magazine and Burstimo, one of the country's most exciting pop music marketing agencies. Currently, she creates and hosts Talking Classical, a new classical music podcast focused on interviews with leading industry professionals, performers and musicologists (soundcloud.com/talkingclassicalpodcast). With over 10,000 hits across streaming platforms, the podcast reaches listeners in 50 countries and has featured collaborations with the Royal Opera House, Wigmore Hall and WildKat PR. SoundCloud: @talkingclassicalpodcastFacebook: @talkingclassicalpodcastTwitter: @tc_podcasts To read more about Annabelle's research, follow this link: http://blogs.exeter.ac.uk/representingclassicalmusic/2019/08/12/are-social-networks-developing-new-audiences-for-classical-music-or-reinforcing-elitism

In a chat with Rasmus Nielsen, Alan Rusbridger, former Editor-in-Chief of the Guardian, argues journalists should be more transparent and rethink their relationship with their audience Our host is Rasmus Nielsen, Director of the Reuters Institute. Our guest is Alan Rusbridger, former Editor-in-Chief of The Guardian and Principal of Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford. Alan has recently authored a book, News and How to Use it. For a transcript and more information visit our podcast webpage: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/risj-review?review_types=14&filtered=Filter

Esteemed professor Romila Thapar shares her perspective on how the pandemic is being addressed in India, how this moment has revealed an unworkable system, and the importance of dissent.Romila Thapar is Emeritus Professor of History at the Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, where she was Professor of Ancient Indian History from 1970 to 1991. She was General President of the Indian History Congress in 1983. She is a Fellow of the British Academy and holds an Honorary D.Litt. each from Calcutta, Oxford and Chicago Universities, among others. She is an Honorary Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, and of St. Antony’s College, Oxford, and of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London University. In 2008 Professor Thapar was awarded the prestigious Kluge Prize of the US Library of Congress, which honours lifetime achievement in studies such as history that are not covered by the Nobel Prize.

On this episode of Learning Matter, Allyson Jule, Dean and Professor in the School of Education at TWU, discusses gender, language and becoming a compassionate educator.Allyson Jule’s main area of research is gender and education -- in particular, the area of gender and language use in the classroom. She has written extensively on the topic of gendered performances as revealed in speech patterns in varying contexts and exploring teachers’ use of “linguistic space.”Dr. Jule is the Dean of Education at TWU. She is currently the Chair of the Association of the BC Deans of Education which connects to the BC Teachers Council. She is past President of Canada's Women's and Gender Studies et Recherches Féministe. Allyson completed her PhD in London, England and is a Research Fellow at the University of Oxford's International Gender Studies Centre (at Lady Margaret Hall). She is on the editorial board of Gender and Education, Women and Language Journal, and the Contemporary Journal of Religion. She is the author of 10 books, including: Gender, Participation and Silence in the Language Classroom: Sh-shushing the Girls(2004), A Beginner's Guide to Language and Gender (2018), and Speaking Up: Gender and Language (2019). Most recently, she edited The Compassionate Educator: Understanding Social Issues in Canadian School in 2019. Other books include Shifting Visions: Gender and Discourse (2015), Gender and the Language of Religion (2005); Language and Religious Identity: Women in Discourse (2007). Jule is co-editor with Bettina Tate Pedersen of Being Feminist, Being Christian: Essays from Academia (2006) and Facing Challenges: Feminism in Christian Higher Education and Other Places (2015).Dr. Jule won TWU’s Davis Distinguished Teaching Award in 2011 and was named one of Canada’s top 10 university professors for 2016. She was awarded the prestigious 3M Teaching Fellowship for excellence in university teaching and leadership, the only time a TWU professor has earned the Fellowship.School of Education | Trinity Western UniversityPursuing Excellence in Christian Education - Cardus Support the show (https://www.twu.ca/donate-now)

For our Valentine’s Day Special episode of Travels Through Time, we visit Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, to talk to Dr Sophie Ratcliffe about Anna Karenina, Kate Field, Sofia Tolstoy and the year 1876. ~ Leo Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina is one of the dazzling achievements of nineteenth century literature. It is a story of power, ambition, fidelity and lust, ‘a warning against the myth and cult of love’, with the ill-starred relationship between the Russian socialites Anna and Count Vronsky at its centre. In this episode of Travels Through Time, Sophie Ratcliffe shows how Anna was very much a child of the 1870s. Various historical figures can be found in her character. A well-known inspiration is Anna Stepanovna Pirogova, a jealous lover who threw herself under a freight train. A lesser-known one is the American journalist, lecturer and early telephone pioneer Kate Field. Field was hugely charismatic and popular. The Chicago Tribune judged her ‘perhaps the most unique woman the present century has produced.’ She was among the first celebrity journalists. She was acquainted with Charles Dickens, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Anthony Trollope, and George Eliot. For a time in the 1870s, she was employed as the first public relations manager for Alexander Graham Bell’s new invention, the telephone. Here Ratcliffe explains how Field’s legacy stretched further still. As she explains in her new book, The Lost Properties of Love: ‘Parts of Kate Field live on in Anna Karenina. Anna Karenina is part Kate Field. That’s what writers do. They change lives.’ In this conversation, Ratcliffe guides us back to 1876 and to a historical past suspended between fact and fiction. She describes how trains were viewed as an invasive new technology; how time operates in intriguing ways in Tolstoy’s fiction, and she speculates about what was hidden in Anna’s red handbag as she stepped off the railway platform. Dr Sophie Ratcliffe's The Lost Properties of Love is published by William Collins. Show notes: Scene One: A warm Sunday evening in late May 1876 (probably Sunday 30 May by the Russian calendar), the platform of Obiralovka Train Station, Russia. Scene Two: The Gaiety Theatre, London, late April 1876, to watch Kate Field in a play called The Honeymoon by John Tobin Scene Three: 17 March, 1876, Sofia Tolstoy’s bedside, Yasnaya Polyana Russia. Memento: The front page of the Times (with the classified ads) for Tuesday 13 June, 1876 People/Social Presenter: Peter Moore Guest: Dr Sophie Ratcliffe Producer: Maria Nolan Titles: Jon O

本期节目我们一期聊下英国女性剧作家的卡罗尔·丘吉尔（Caryl Churchill） 1982 年首演的全女班话剧，Top Girls。这出戏写于英国第一位女性首相如日中天的八十年代，同时英美都处于自由经济高速发展，社会主义阵营萎缩的时期。本期嘉宾是方曌和Gigi。支持文化土豆，请访问我们的官网： www.culturepotato.com大英百科全书对丘吉尔对介绍：When Churchill was 10, she immigrated with her family to Canada. She attended Lady Margaret Hall, a women’s college of the University of Oxford, and remained in England after receiving a B.A. in 1960. Her three earliest plays, Downstairs (produced 1958), Having a Wonderful Time (produced 1960), and Easy Death (produced 1962), were performed by Oxford-based theatrical ensembles.During the 1960s and ’70s, while raising a family, Churchill wrote radio dramas and then television plays for British television. Owners, a two-act, 14-scene play about obsession with power, was her first major theatrical endeavour and was produced in London in 1972. During her tenure as resident dramatist at London’s Royal Court Theatre, Churchill wrote Objections to Sex and Violence (1974), which, though not well-reviewed, led to her successful association with David Hareand Max Stafford-Clark’s Joint Stock Company and with Monstrous Regiment, a feminist group. Cloud 9 (1979), a farce about sexual politics, was successful in the United States as well as in Britain, winning an Obie Award in 1982 for playwriting. The next year she won another Obie with Top Girls(1982), which deals with women’s losing their humanity in order to attain power in a male-dominated environment. Softcops (produced 1984), a surreal play set in 19th-century France about government attempts to depoliticize illegal acts, was produced by the Royal Shakespeare Company. Serious Money (1987) is a comedy about excesses in the financial world, and Icecream(1989) investigates Anglo-American stereotypes. The former received an Obie for best new American play.The prolific Churchill continued to push boundaries. In 1997 she collaborated with the composer Orlando Gough to create Hotel, a choreographed opera or sung ballet set in a hotel room. Also that year her surrealistic short play This Is a Chair was produced. She later explored issues of identity in A Number (2002), about a father and his cloned sons. For the drama, Churchill won her third Obie for playwriting. Also in 2002 she won an Obie for sustained achievement. Her subsequent works included Love and Information (2012) and Escaped Alone (2016).节目中提到的作品信息话剧Top Girls，卡罗尔·丘吉尔播放流国内：https://www.bilibili.com/video/av8515768播放流国外：https://youtu.be/iGWD0r0f9GoS话剧愤怒回首，奥斯本https://book.douban.com/subject/3295251/小说金色笔记，莱辛http://culturepotato.com/blog/085话剧Owners，卡罗尔·丘吉尔https://www.douban.com/location/drama/25765933/皇廷剧场Royal Courts Theatrehttps://royalcourttheatre.com/about/电影洛基恐怖秀 , Richard O'Brienhttps://movie.douban.com/subject/1292050/电影三块广告牌， 马丁·麦克唐纳https://movie.douban.com/subject/26611804/博客伊莎贝拉·伯德的中国摄影之旅https://book.douban.com/review/7479519/回忆录不问自语/とはずがたり，後深草院二条https://www.amazon.com/Confessions-Lady-Nijo/dp/0804709300/油画Mad Mag，Pieter Bruegel the Elderhttps://www.museummayervandenbergh.be/en/page/mad-meg人物琼安教皇https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/女教宗瓊安人物耐心的格瑞塞达https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griselda_(folklore)非虚构通往维根码头之路，奥威尔https://book.douban.com/subject/26587222/电影饮食男女，李安https://movie.douban.com/subject/1291818/电影海街日记，是枝裕和https://movie.douban.com/subject/25895901/电影珠光宝气，戚其义https://movie.douban.com/subject/2996855/电影千年女优，今敏https://movie.douban.com/subject/1307394/ See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

By far the most insightful episode that we have ever recorded on drug use in weightlifting. Alex took us through the history and dual development of PEDs alongside weightlifting. We spoke about drug testing, the advancement of them, as well as the 'clever' ways teams are able to avoid detection. Alex Kolliari-Turner graduated from the University of Oxford with a BA in Biological Sciences in 2015. He achieved the highest 2:1 in his year group and was awarded the Heron-Allen Academic Scholarship from Lady Margaret Hall.Get in touch with/follow Alex:email: A.Kolliari-Turner@brighton.ac.ukInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/alex_k_t/ facebook: https://bit.ly/37Z0oWWWant to sell WH Tape? - contact@weightliftinghouse.comShop W|H USA - https://www.weightliftinghouse.com/shopusa/Shop W|H EU - https://www.weightliftinghouse.com/shopeurope/Support us and receive programming, videos, and more podcasts -https://www.patreon.com/weightliftinghouseVIRUS Intl. USA & EU code | weightliftinghousehttps://virusintl.com/All Weightlifting News in One Place -https://www.weightliftinghouse.comAmazon SupportSupport us by going through our Amazon link when you make a purchase! Just bookmark the link and shop as usual. http://www.weightliftinghouse.com/amazonFollow us –https://bit.ly/2kgrHJ3 - YouTubehttps://www.instagram.com/seb_ostrowicz/https://www.instagram.com/josh_philwl/https://www.instagram.com/weightlifting_house/

By far the most insightful episode that we have ever recorded on drug use in weightlifting. Alex took us through the history and dual development of PEDs alongside weightlifting. We spoke about drug testing, the advancement of them, as well as the 'clever' ways teams are able to avoid detection. Alex Kolliari-Turner graduated from the University of Oxford with a BA in Biological Sciences in 2015. He achieved the highest 2:1 in his year group and was awarded the Heron-Allen Academic Scholarship from Lady Margaret Hall.Get in touch with/follow Alex:email: A.Kolliari-Turner@brighton.ac.ukInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/alex_k_t/ facebook: https://bit.ly/37Z0oWWWant to sell WH Tape? - contact@weightliftinghouse.comShop W|H USA - https://www.weightliftinghouse.com/shopusa/Shop W|H EU - https://www.weightliftinghouse.com/shopeurope/Support us and receive programming, videos, and more podcasts -https://www.patreon.com/weightliftinghouseVIRUS Intl. USA & EU code | weightliftinghousehttps://virusintl.com/All Weightlifting News in One Place -https://www.weightliftinghouse.comAmazon SupportSupport us by going through our Amazon link when you make a purchase! Just bookmark the link and shop as usual. http://www.weightliftinghouse.com/amazonFollow us –https://bit.ly/2kgrHJ3 - YouTubehttps://www.instagram.com/seb_ostrowicz/https://www.instagram.com/josh_philwl/https://www.instagram.com/weightlifting_house/

Hello! Private school pupils are 7x as likely to get a place at Oxford or Cambridge as those from state comprehensives. But why does access to the UK’s top universities matter and what can we do to widen it? This week Vee Kativhu tells us her story of (finally) applying to Oxford’s Lady Margaret Hall on their new foundation year scheme. Then academics Vikki Boliver and Lee Elliot Major talk us through solutions to overhaul university admissions - from radical contextual offers to a lottery system to ‘comprehensive universities’.ANDComedian Steve N Allen joins us to advocate for status symbol taxes, banning handles on push doors, and tries to save science education before it gets taken See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Pope Francis has reached an historic agreement with the Chinese government which could restore diplomatic ties broken in 1951. Before September this year, Catholic bishops appointed by either the Vatican or the Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association were not recognized by the other party. But now the Pope has agreed that in future, the Chinese can submit a list of suitable names from which Rome will make a selection. The Pope has also officially recognised seven Bishops appointed by the Chinese authorities in previous years. The Communists under Chairman Mao tried to kill off religion but it didn’t work and so Mao’s successors have had to compromise. The Chinese constitution says that citizens should be able to “enjoy freedom of religious belief" but in reality it does not guarantee the right to practice those religious beliefs. Buddhism is the most dominant religion and has been practiced in China for two millennia. The Chinese government recognises five faiths; Buddhism, Daoism, Islam, Catholicism and Protestantism but religions in China are subject to a certain level of state control. Joining Ernie Rea to discuss the place of Religion in Modern China are Dr Gregory Scott, Lecturer in Chinese Culture and History at the University of Manchester, Dr Caroline Fielder, Lecturer in Chinese Studies at the University of Leeds, and Dr Maria Jaschok, Director of the International Gender Studies centre at Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford. Producer: Helen Lee Series Producer: Amanda Hancox

Pope Francis has reached an historic agreement with the Chinese government which could restore diplomatic ties broken in 1951. Before September this year, Catholic bishops appointed by either the Vatican or the Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association were not recognized by the other party. But now the Pope has agreed that in future, the Chinese can submit a list of suitable names from which Rome will make a selection. The Pope has also officially recognised seven Bishops appointed by the Chinese authorities in previous years. The Communists under Chairman Mao tried to kill off religion but it didn’t work and so Mao’s successors have had to compromise. The Chinese constitution says that citizens should be able to “enjoy freedom of religious belief" but in reality it does not guarantee the right to practice those religious beliefs. Buddhism is the most dominant religion and has been practiced in China for two millennia. The Chinese government recognises five faiths; Buddhism, Daoism, Islam, Catholicism and Protestantism but religions in China are subject to a certain level of state control. Joining Ernie Rea to discuss the place of Religion in Modern China are Dr Gregory Scott, Lecturer in Chinese Culture and History at the University of Manchester, Dr Caroline Fielder, Lecturer in Chinese Studies at the University of Leeds, and Dr Maria Jaschok, Director of the International Gender Studies centre at Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford. Producer: Helen Lee Series Producer: Amanda Hancox

Why are we still struggling to get disadvantaged students into university? An expert panel featuring Alan Rusbridger, Principal of Lady Margaret Hall, gathers to discuss how to make education fairer. Despite efforts by universities and schools across the country, the gap between richer and poorer students stubbornly persists; from attainment in school to university application and acceptance. Educational and socioeconomic disadvantage disproportionately affects certain ethnic minority groups, and our current system risks further entrenching these patterns of injustice. With social mobility stalling, what can be done to remove barriers to accessing university education? This event was recorded live at The RSA on Thursday 1st February 2018. Discover more about this event here: https://www.thersa.org/events/2018/2/how-can-we-make-universities-more-inclusive

Professor David Spiegelhalter, , Winton Professor for the Public Understanding of Risk in the Statistical Laboratory, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge delivers the annual Sidney Ball lecture at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford

James Studd is the University Lecturer in the Philosophy of Mathematics at the University of Oxford and a Fellow and Tutor at Lady Margaret Hall. In addition to the philosophy of mathematics, he works on the philosophy of logic, with occasional forays into the philosophy of language and metaphysics. He is currently writing a book about absolute generality (forthcoming with OUP). This podcast is an audio recording of Dr. Studd's talk - 'Generality, Extensibility, and Paradox' - at the Aristotelian Society on 28 November 2016. The recording was produced by Backdoor Broadcasting Company.

Exploring the life of Elizabeth Wordsworth: founding principal of Lady Margaret Hall and founder of St Hugh's College

Dominic Scott is a Professor of Philosophy at Oxford University and a Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall. He has worked in many areas of ancient Greek philosophy, especially in epistemology and ethics. He is the author of Recollection and Experience (CUP 1995) and Plato's Meno (CUP 2006). His most recent book is Levels of Argument: a Comparative Study of Plato's Republic and Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (OUP 2015). He has also recently edited The Pseudo-Platonic Seventh Letter (OUP 2015) and co-authored The Humanities World Report 2015 (Palgrave Macmillan). This podcast is an audio recording of Professor Scott's talk - 'From Painters to Poets: Method in Plato, Republic X' - at the Aristotelian Society on 23 May 2016. The recording was produced by Backdoor Broadcasting Company.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

The European Speechwriter Network had its 12th conference at Lady Margaret Hall in Oxford from 13 - 15 April 2016. The speakers included Renée Broekmeulen, Rodger Evans, Neringa Vaisbrodé, Frank van Hoorn, Andrew Crofts, Lee Jackson, Mette Højen, Antti Mustakallio, Michel Reinders, Haneke Kulik, Erica Darics, Guy Doza, Sarah Lynch, John Yorke and Phil Collins.

Clive Holmes, emeritus fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, will provide a context for the 1692 determination by the Puritan clergymen of the Cambridge Association concerning spectral evidence in witchcraft trials. This talk is part of the Crotty Lecture series at The Huntington.

Clive Holmes, emeritus fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, will provide a context for the 1692 determination by the Puritan clergymen of the Cambridge Association concerning spectral evidence in witchcraft trials. This talk is part of the Crotty Lecture series at The Huntington.

Melvyn Bragg and his guests discuss the life and work of the Victorian poet Christina Rossetti. Rossetti was born into an artistic family and her siblings included Dante Gabriel, one of the leading lights of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, to whose journal, 'The Germ', Christina contributed poems. She was a devout Anglican all her life and her religious beliefs are a recurring theme in her work. Christina never married, although she was engaged twice - one of her fiancés was the Pre-Raphaelite painter, James Collinson. She spent her time writing and volunteering for charitable works. It is said she even considered going to the Crimea with Florence Nightingale, but in the end ill health prevented her from doing so. Best known for her ballads and long narrative poems, she also wrote some prose and children's verses. Christina was admired by contemporaries including Swinburne, Tennyson and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Her work was to have an influence on later writers such as Virginia Woolf and Gerard Manley Hopkins. Rossetti's poetry has a spirituality and sensitivity that has led to her redisovery in recent decades, not least by feminist critics who praise her powerful and independent poetic voice. With:Dinah BirchProfessor of English Literature and Pro-Vice Chancellor for Research at Liverpool University Rhian WilliamsLecturer in Nineteenth-Century English Literature at the University of GlasgowNicholas ShrimptonEmeritus Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford Producer: Natalia Fernandez.

Melvyn Bragg and his guests discuss the life and work of the Victorian poet Christina Rossetti. Rossetti was born into an artistic family and her siblings included Dante Gabriel, one of the leading lights of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, to whose journal, 'The Germ', Christina contributed poems. She was a devout Anglican all her life and her religious beliefs are a recurring theme in her work. Christina never married, although she was engaged twice - one of her fiancés was the Pre-Raphaelite painter, James Collinson. She spent her time writing and volunteering for charitable works. It is said she even considered going to the Crimea with Florence Nightingale, but in the end ill health prevented her from doing so. Best known for her ballads and long narrative poems, she also wrote some prose and children's verses. Christina was admired by contemporaries including Swinburne, Tennyson and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Her work was to have an influence on later writers such as Virginia Woolf and Gerard Manley Hopkins. Rossetti's poetry has a spirituality and sensitivity that has led to her redisovery in recent decades, not least by feminist critics who praise her powerful and independent poetic voice. With:Dinah BirchProfessor of English Literature and Pro-Vice Chancellor for Research at Liverpool University Rhian WilliamsLecturer in Nineteenth-Century English Literature at the University of GlasgowNicholas ShrimptonEmeritus Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford Producer: Natalia Fernandez.

The change in format is here! I'm joined by Pieter Collier from the Tolkien Library to discuss news and views about all things Tolkien: Literature, Art, Film, Festivals, and more. We're sure that Pieter will become a regular part of Middle-earth Minutes, and are certain that you will enjoy the news that we have brought you... some of which is being heard here for the very 1st time.Legend of Sigurd Audio Book Delayed:All those who had pre-ordered the Audio CD were expecting to be listening to it by now. Find out why it is not yet available according to the publisher. But, Harper Collins has some news that is being reported here for the 1st time...Never-Before Published Hobbit Painting By Alan Lee:When asked about what else we could expect the answer came back that "the Alan Lee illustrated Hobbit hardback is getting a much deserved reprint with a slightly different cover, which includes a brand new never-before published Hobbit painting by Alan Lee."We took the opportunity of that good news to discuss Alan Lee and the interview that Pieter conducted with him in March, 2008.The Edel Silmarillion Student Project:Further discussion with David Brawn at Harper Collins turned to the Edel Silmarillion, a student project produced by the very talented Benjamin Harff, which was featured on the Tolkien Library. Harper Collins says that The Benjamin Harff Silmarillion "has not been considered commercially". We encourage all Tolkien fans everywhere to take a look at this book, and send a friendly email to both the Tolkien Estate and Harper Collins asking that this book be published so that we may all have a copy. You can email both by visiting Tolkienestate.com/contact, and perhaps, with enough letters from eager fans, we can persuade Harper Collins to release this beautiful book.Tolkien Settlement: More Than $100 Million:THR, Esq. reports on the resolution of the litigation between New Line Cinema and the estate of author J.R.R. Tolkien, and we offer our own comments as well as those of Christopher Tolkien (“The Trustees acknowledge that New Line may now proceed with its proposed films of ‘The Hobbit.’”) and Peter Jackson who says that they're "not even greenlit yet", and suggests that we "drop Warner Bros. a line and encourage them to be kind to [the film makers]".Also, according to High-Def Digest New Line/Warner has delayed The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Blu-ray.Oxonmoot 2009:Oxonmoot 2009 will take place at Lady Margaret Hall from September 25th to 27th. Advanced booking has now closed but you can still attend Oxonmoot and pay at the door. For more information, visit the Oxonmoot website.And lastly, according to Pieter...Festival In The Shire:Next year there will be organized a completely new Tolkien event, namely "Festival in the shire - A celebration of all things Tolkien inspired".It will be held from August 13th -15th, 2010 at Y Plas Machynlleth, Wales, United Kingdom. The town of Machynlleth is located on the edge of beautiful Snowdonia National Park and is the historic capital of Wales.There is not much known about this event yet, but it promises to be great! I have heard rumors that Ted Nasmith (the Tolkien artist), Jane Chance (the author of many Tolkien related books and articles) and John Garth (author of Tolkien and the Great War) and Tom Shippey (probably the greatest Tolkien scholar alive) are confirmed to be participating/attending. This event will be combining a Tolkien conference with an exhibition of Tolkien-related books, art, memorabilia and other fantasy items. The three-day event will feature food, music and entertainment.There is no website yet but I have been told it will be going live shortly.Tolkien fans that wish to provide input on the program planning and events related to Festival of the Shire are encouraged to do so. If you would like to exhibit your company’s products, exhibit items from your personal Tolkien collection, or participate in the entertainment, contact Mark Faith. info [AT] markfaithbooks [DOT] com.Music:"Tolkien: The Hobbit and the Lord of the Rings" provided by Brobdingnagian Bards and taken from Music Alley - a place for musicians to upload songs that podcasters from all over can play and help to promote. If you, or a friend, play any music that is Tolkien related please upload to Music Alley and leave us a comment for this episode. We would love to hear and possibly play it on an upcoming episode of Middle-earth Minutes.Miscellaneous:Do you have a question or comment for us, or maybe some news that you would like to hear reported? Please leave a comment below. If you would like to have your comments heard in your own voice on Middle-earth Minutes use the "Call Me" widget in the sidebar of the Middle-earth Minutes blog. We would enjoy hearing from you and including it on the show.And that is it for this episode of Middle-earth Minutes.Please visit the blog often at middleearthminutes.comFollow us on Twitter at twitter.com/middleearthminsOf course you'll also want to bookmark the Tolkien Library at tolkienlibrary.comFollow twitter.com/TolkienLibrary on TwitterAnd join the Tolkien Library Group on Facebook.DOWNLOAD | SUBSCRIBE | SUBSCRIBE IN ITUNES

Athol Fugard in conversation with playwrights Jez Butterworth (Jerusalem) and Rebecca Lenkiewicz (Her Naked Skin). Venue: Simpkins Lee Lecture Theatre, Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford.

Humanitas Inaugural Keynote Lecture - Athol Fugard: "Defining Moments" - in his life and work. Venue: Simpkins Lee Lecture Theatre, Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford.

Athol Fugard in conversation with playwrights Jez Butterworth (Jerusalem) and Rebecca Lenkiewicz (Her Naked Skin). Venue: Simpkins Lee Lecture Theatre, Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford.

Humanitas Inaugural Keynote Lecture - Athol Fugard: "Defining Moments" - in his life and work. Venue: Simpkins Lee Lecture Theatre, Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford.

The inaugural Anne McLaren Memorial Lecture, "The reversal of cell differentiation and prospects for cell replacement therapy", given by Prof Sir John Gurdon FRS, University of Cambridge, at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, on 7 November 2008. Visit http://media.conted.ox.ac.uk/McLaren-2008 to view the full presentation from Professor Sir John Gurdon FRS, including his slides.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the Charge of the Light - an event of no military significance that has become iconic in the British historical imagination. On November 14th 1854 The Times newspaper reported on a minor cavalry skirmish in the Crimean War: “They swept proudly past, glittering in the morning sun in all the pride and splendour of war... At the distance of 1200 yards the whole line of the enemy belched forth, from thirty iron mouths, a flood of smoke and flame through which hissed the deadly balls. Their flight was marked by instant gaps in our ranks, by dead men and horses, by steeds flying wounded or riderless across the plain”.This is the debacle of the Charge of the Light Brigade, which made little difference to the Crimean War yet has become deeply embedded in British culture. It helped to provoke the resignation of a Prime Minister and it profoundly changed British attitudes to war and to the soldiers who fought in them. It also brought censorship to bear on previously uncensored war reporting and inspired Alfred, Lord Tennyson to sit down and write “All in the Valley of Death rode the six hundred”.With Mike Broers, Lecturer in Modern History at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall; Trudi Tate, Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge; Saul David, Visiting Professor of Military History at the University of Hull

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the Charge of the Light - an event of no military significance that has become iconic in the British historical imagination. On November 14th 1854 The Times newspaper reported on a minor cavalry skirmish in the Crimean War: “They swept proudly past, glittering in the morning sun in all the pride and splendour of war... At the distance of 1200 yards the whole line of the enemy belched forth, from thirty iron mouths, a flood of smoke and flame through which hissed the deadly balls. Their flight was marked by instant gaps in our ranks, by dead men and horses, by steeds flying wounded or riderless across the plain”.This is the debacle of the Charge of the Light Brigade, which made little difference to the Crimean War yet has become deeply embedded in British culture. It helped to provoke the resignation of a Prime Minister and it profoundly changed British attitudes to war and to the soldiers who fought in them. It also brought censorship to bear on previously uncensored war reporting and inspired Alfred, Lord Tennyson to sit down and write “All in the Valley of Death rode the six hundred”.With Mike Broers, Lecturer in Modern History at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall; Trudi Tate, Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge; Saul David, Visiting Professor of Military History at the University of Hull

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the reign of terror during the French Revolution. On Monday September 10th 1792 The Times of London carried a story covering events in revolutionary France: "The streets of Paris, strewed with the carcases of the mangled victims, are become so familiar to the sight, that they are passed by and trod on without any particular notice. The mob think no more of killing a fellow-creature, who is not even an object of suspicion, than wanton boys would of killing a cat or a dog". These were the infamous September Massacres when Parisian mobs killed thousands of suspected royalists and set the scene for the events to come, when Madame La Guillotine took centre stage and The Terror ruled in France. But how did the French Revolution descend into such extremes of violence? Who or what drove The Terror? And was it really an aberration of the revolutionary cause or the moment when it truly expressed itself? With Mike Broers, Lecturer in Modern History at the University of Oxford and Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall; Rebecca Spang, Lecturer in Modern History at University College London; Tim Blanning, Professor of Modern European History at the University of Cambridge.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the reign of terror during the French Revolution. On Monday September 10th 1792 The Times of London carried a story covering events in revolutionary France: "The streets of Paris, strewed with the carcases of the mangled victims, are become so familiar to the sight, that they are passed by and trod on without any particular notice. The mob think no more of killing a fellow-creature, who is not even an object of suspicion, than wanton boys would of killing a cat or a dog". These were the infamous September Massacres when Parisian mobs killed thousands of suspected royalists and set the scene for the events to come, when Madame La Guillotine took centre stage and The Terror ruled in France. But how did the French Revolution descend into such extremes of violence? Who or what drove The Terror? And was it really an aberration of the revolutionary cause or the moment when it truly expressed itself? With Mike Broers, Lecturer in Modern History at the University of Oxford and Fellow of Lady Margaret Hall; Rebecca Spang, Lecturer in Modern History at University College London; Tim Blanning, Professor of Modern European History at the University of Cambridge.