Conflict between mainly the Swedish and Russian empires in 1700–1721
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Why was the greatest and most climactic battle of the Great Northern War, the Battle of Poltova, one of the most important in all European history? What drove Charles XII of Sweden to invade Russia in the Summer of 1707, in the lead up to that totemic clash? Exactly what happened on the day of the Battle? Would both Peter the Great and Charles survive it unscathed, if at all? And, who would triumph on that bloodsoaked battlefield? Join Dominic and Tom for one of the most dramatic events of their journey through the bombastic life and reign of Peter the Great so far, as they describe the Battle of Poltova, and the day that changed Europe forever. The Rest Is History Club: Become a member for exclusive bonus content, early access to full series and live show tickets, ad-free listening, our exclusive newsletter, discount book prices on titles mentioned on the pod, and our members' chatroom on Discord. Just head to therestishistory.com to sign up, or start a free trial today on Apple Podcasts: apple.co/therestishistory. For more Goalhanger Podcasts, head to www.goalhanger.com _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
After establishing the city of St Petersburg, what was Peter the Great's next step in his titanic struggle against Charles XII of Sweden, for mastery of northern and eastern Europe? What drastic, brutal action did he take against Poland, to slow the Swedish advance into his territories? And, after the defection of one of his oldest and most important allies - the leader of the Ukrainian Cossacks - to the Swedes, could Peter and his army survive to fight on? Join Dominic and Tom as they discuss the next and deadliest stage of the Great Northern War: from action-packed military conquests, and harsh marches into the depths of a northern winter, to great betrayals, and the outbreak of the battle that would decide the fate of two of Europe's mightiest rulers… The Rest Is History Club: Become a member for exclusive bonus content, early access to full series and live show tickets, ad-free listening, our exclusive newsletter, discount book prices on titles mentioned on the pod, and our members' chatroom on Discord. Just head to therestishistory.com to sign up, or start a free trial today on Apple Podcasts: apple.co/therestishistory. For more Goalhanger Podcasts, head to www.goalhanger.com _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
How did the Great Northern War, which saw Sweden pitted against Peter the Great's Russia and her allies, and would transform Europe forever, begin? Who was Charles XII, Sweden's King, and a worthy antagonist for the formidable Peter? What terrible miscalculation saw Russia's Danish allies brutally knocked from the war in its early stage? What dreadful havoc did Peter's Cossacks wreak upon the Eastern Baltic? And, who was the young farm girl who would go on to capture the heart of a Tsar? Join Dominic and Tom as they discuss Peter the Great, the early stages of the tumultuous Great Northern War, and his scandalous marriage to a serving girl? The Rest Is History Club: Become a member for exclusive bonus content, early access to full series and live show tickets, ad-free listening, our exclusive newsletter, discount book prices on titles mentioned on the pod, and our members' chatroom on Discord. Just head to therestishistory.com to sign up, or start a free trial today on Apple Podcasts: apple.co/therestishistory. For more Goalhanger Podcasts, head to www.goalhanger.com _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
What abominable mischief and hedonism did the seventeen year old Peter the Great revel in during his strange and remarkable travels through Europe, before truly stepping into the role of Tsar of all the Russias? Did it serve a secret political purpose? What was the outcome of the first war he chose to wage against the Ottoman Empire? Why did he go on a crucial and possibly dangerous diplomatic mission disguised as a member of his own staff? And, when news reached him from Russia, of a mutiny that directly challenged his rule, what gruesome revenge did he wreak…? Join Dominic and Tom as they discuss in lurid technicolour, Peter the Great's early life and rule: his flamboyant “gap year” and foreign travels, his early military conquests, his drastic reforms to Russia, and the outbreak of the Great Northern War, which would see Europe transformed forever. The Rest Is History Club: Become a member for exclusive bonus content, early access to full series and live show tickets, ad-free listening, our exclusive newsletter, discount book prices on titles mentioned on the pod, and our members' chatroom on Discord. Just head to therestishistory.com to sign up, or start a free trial today on Apple Podcasts: apple.co/therestishistory. For more Goalhanger Podcasts, head to www.goalhanger.com _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
Why was the early life of Peter the Great - Tsar and autocrat of all the Russias, who endures to this day as an iconic symbol of Russian might - drenched in blood and violence? What amalgamation of court politics and family feuding saw him catapulted to the role of Tsar against all the odds? What did he do during the course of his colourful life and tumultuous reign to earn the moniker ‘the Great'? And, why is he considered by many, the father of Russia? Join Dominic and Tom as they launch into the early life of one of history's most bombastic rulers - Peter the Great; the conditions in 17th century Russia, the violent palace coup that nearly destroyed him as a boy, and his road to the Great Northern War that would later make his name, and change the fate of Europe. The Rest Is History Club: Become a member for exclusive bonus content, early access to full series and live show tickets, ad-free listening, our exclusive newsletter, discount book prices on titles mentioned on the pod, and our members' chatroom on Discord. Just head to therestishistory.com to sign up, or start a free trial today on Apple Podcasts: apple.co/therestishistory. For more Goalhanger Podcasts, head to www.goalhanger.com _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Producer: Theo Young-Smith Assistant Producer: Tabby Syrett + Aaliyah Akude Executive Producers: Jack Davenport + Tony Pastor Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
Karl XII had failed to get the Ottomans to ally with Sweden in the Great Northern War, but that didn't mean he was willing to throw in the towel. As soon as he returned home, he decided to go back to fighting. This time, he had his sights on Sweden's traditional enemy–Denmark.
After defeating Denmark and Poland, Karl XII only needed to crush the Russians in order to declare victory in the Great Northern War. So as soon as he was done with his side quest in Saxony, he marched on Moscow to face the Final Boss, Peter the Great.
Russian history is pretty wild. Tsarist Russia was in a league by itself. There were two main dynasties, The Rurikids and The Romanovs. Today we'll be discussing the "patriarch" of the Romanov Dynasty and the guy who brought Russia into the modern age. Peter Alekseyevich Romanov had decided he was going to drag Russia into the future whether they wanted to or not. Now Peter wasn't the kinda of dude to send out envoys or ambassadors to do his business, he wanted to stretch his legs around Europe personally. Learning the crafts of ship building from the Dutch to build Russia's first navy. Seeing how artillery worked Prussia to development a modern army. Studying the systems of governance used by other European powers all while his "Grand Embassy" drank and partied their way across the continent. His accomplishments can still be felt today however, there's always another side to the story, and Peter's gets pretty dark. Join us as we discuss the life and times of Peter the Great. Support the show
In the year 1700, Sweden was ruled by an autocratic teenager with impulse control issues. That could have been bad enough, but then Denmark, Poland and Russia declared war and attacked simultaneously. Karl XII was going to have to shape up, and fast, if he wanted to remain king of anything at all in the years to come.
In 1698 and 1699, the powers of Northern Europe edged closer to war. The Pirate History Podcast is a member of the Airwave Media Podcast network. For advertising inquiries, please contact sales@advertisingcast.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
In this episode of History 102, In this episode of History 102, 'WhatIfAltHist' creator Rudyard Lynch and Erik Torenberg dive deep into the fascinating yet often overlooked realm of 17th century Eastern Europe. Join Rudyard and Erik as they bring this pivotal era to life: unravel the rise and fall of Poland-Lithuania, Russia's emergence as a great power, and Sweden's surprising dominance, and discover how Cossacks, Ottoman Turks, and visionary leaders shaped the region's destiny. With a blend of scholarly insight and engaging storytelling, Rudyard uncovers the absurdities, triumphs, and tragedies that defined this transformative century
Turning Tides: Charles XII will discuss the life and times of King Charles XII of Sweden, as well as his effect on the surrounding areas. The fourth and final episode, God on My Side, will cover the period from 1715 to 1721, in which the Great Northern War ends and King Charles XII dies in the trenches during battle.If you'd like to donate or sponsor the podcast, our PayPal is @TurningTidesPodcast1. Thank you for your support!Produced by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone in affiliation with AntiKs Entertainment.Researched and written by Joseph PasconeEdited and revised by Melissa Marie BrownIntro and Outro created by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone using Motion ArrayWebsite: https://theturningtidespodcast.weebly.com/IG/Threads/YouTube/Facebook: @theturningtidespodcastEmail: theturningtidespodcast@gmail.comIG/YouTube/Facebook/Threads/TikTok: @antiksentEmail: antiksent@gmail.comEpisode 4 Sources:By Defeating My Enemies: Charles XII of Sweden and the Great Northern War 1682-1721, by Michael GlaeserCharles XII and the Collapse of the Swedish Empire 1682-1719, by R. Nisbet BainCharles XII: King of Sweden, by Carl Gustafson KlingsporPeter the Great: Autocrat and Reformer, by Michael W. SimmonsA Warrior Dynasty: The Rise and Fall of Sweden as a Military Superpower, 1611-1721, by Henrik O. LundeTwelve Against the Gods: The Story of Adventure, by William BolithoThe Swedish History: Interesting Historical Facts About Sweden, by Verity PressThe Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present: Fourth Edition, by R. Ernest Dupuy and Trevor N. DupuyThe History of Ukraine and Russia: Unfolding the Tangled 2000 Years that Led to Crisis, by Marc Miles VaughnThe History of the Ottoman Empire, by Hajji and Mani PashaWikipedia
Turning Tides: Charles XII will discuss the life and times of King Charles XII of Sweden, as well as his effect on the surrounding areas. The third episode, Tyr in Exile, will cover the period from 1707 to 1714, in which King Charles XII campaigns throughout Russia and Ukraine before ultimately being defeated at the Battle of Poltova.If you'd like to donate or sponsor the podcast, our PayPal is @TurningTidesPodcast1. Thank you for your support!Produced by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone in affiliation with AntiKs Entertainment.Researched and written by Joseph PasconeEdited and revised by Melissa Marie BrownIntro and Outro created by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone using Motion ArrayWebsite: https://theturningtidespodcast.weebly.com/IG/Threads/YouTube/Facebook: @theturningtidespodcastEmail: theturningtidespodcast@gmail.comIG/YouTube/Facebook/Threads/TikTok: @antiksentEmail: antiksent@gmail.comEpisode 3 Sources:By Defeating My Enemies: Charles XII of Sweden and the Great Northern War 1682-1721, by Michael GlaeserCharles XII and the Collapse of the Swedish Empire 1682-1719, by R. Nisbet BainCharles XII: King of Sweden, by Carl Gustafson KlingsporPeter the Great: Autocrat and Reformer, by Michael W. SimmonsA Warrior Dynasty: The Rise and Fall of Sweden as a Military Superpower, 1611-1721, by Henrik O. LundeTwelve Against the Gods: The Story of Adventure, by William BolithoThe Swedish History: Interesting Historical Facts About Sweden, by Verity PressThe Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present: Fourth Edition, by R. Ernest Dupuy and Trevor N. DupuyThe History of Ukraine and Russia: Unfolding the Tangled 2000 Years that Led to Crisis, by Marc Miles VaughnThe History of the Ottoman Empire, by Hajji and Mani PashaWikipedia
Turning Tides: Charles XII will discuss the life and times of King Charles XII of Sweden, as well as his effect on the surrounding areas. The second episode, Art of War, will cover the period from 1703 to 1706, in which King Charles XII campaigns throughout Poland and eventually brings war to Central Europe.If you'd like to donate or sponsor the podcast, our PayPal is @TurningTidesPodcast1. Thank you for your support!Produced by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone in affiliation with AntiKs Entertainment.Researched and written by Joseph PasconeEdited and revised by Melissa Marie BrownIntro and Outro created by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone using Motion ArrayWebsite: https://theturningtidespodcast.weebly.com/IG/Threads/YouTube/Facebook: @theturningtidespodcastEmail: theturningtidespodcast@gmail.comIG/YouTube/Facebook/Threads/TikTok: @antiksentEmail: antiksent@gmail.comEpisode 2 Sources:By Defeating My Enemies: Charles XII of Sweden and the Great Northern War 1682-1721, by Michael GlaeserCharles XII and the Collapse of the Swedish Empire 1682-1719, by R. Nisbet BainCharles XII: King of Sweden, by Carl Gustafson KlingsporPeter the Great: Autocrat and Reformer, by Michael W. SimmonsA Warrior Dynasty: The Rise and Fall of Sweden as a Military Superpower, 1611-1721, by Henrik O. LundeTwelve Against the Gods: The Story of Adventure, by William BolithoThe Swedish History: Interesting Historical Facts About Sweden, by Verity PressThe Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present: Fourth Edition, by R. Ernest Dupuy and Trevor N. DupuyWikipedia
Turning Tides: Charles XII will discuss the life and times of King Charles XII of Sweden, as well as his effect on the surrounding areas. The first episode, By Defeating My Enemies, will cover the period from 1682 to 1702, in which Charles XII is born, comes to power, and attempts to expand his empire through conquest.If you'd like to donate or sponsor the podcast, our PayPal is @TurningTidesPodcast1. Thank you for your support!Produced by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone in affiliation with AntiKs Entertainment.Researched and written by Joseph PasconeEdited and revised by Melissa Marie BrownIntro and Outro created by Melissa Marie Brown and Joseph Pascone using Motion ArrayWebsite: https://theturningtidespodcast.weebly.com/IG/Threads/YouTube/Facebook: @theturningtidespodcastEmail: theturningtidespodcast@gmail.comIG/YouTube/Facebook/Threads/TikTok: @antiksentEmail: antiksent@gmail.comEpisode 1 Sources:By Defeating My Enemies: Charles XII of Sweden and the Great Northern War 1682-1721, by Michael GlaeserCharles XII and the Collapse of the Swedish Empire 1682-1719, by R. Nisbet BainCharles XII: King of Sweden, by Carl Gustafson KlingsporPeter the Great: Autocrat and Reformer, by Michael W. SimmonsA Warrior Dynasty: The Rise and Fall of Sweden as a Military Superpower, 1611-1721, by Henrik O. LundeTwelve Against the Gods: The Story of Adventure, by William BolithoThe Swedish History: Interesting Historical Facts About Sweden, by Verity PressThe Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 B.C. to the Present: Fourth Edition, by R. Ernest Dupuy and Trevor N. Dupuyhttps://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/73122/pg73122-images.htmlWikipedia
Subscribe to the White Centipede Noise Podcast Patreon to get access to the full version of this episode: https://www.patreon.com/whitecentipedenoiseTisbor aka Nicola Vinciguerra is a ubiquitous figure in filthy underground art, whether it be his surreal and perverted illustrations that have adorned dozens of album covers, his harsh recordings as FECALOVE or TAETER, getting touched during one of his sleazy performances, his prolific label Turgid Animal together with George Proctor, or just through his charismatic correspondence - pretty much anyone who has been involved in noise in the mid 2000s onwards knows the guy. In this interview, he goes into detail about all that he does and all that he did. He's banned from Paypal, so go to his website, buy something from him and send him some money with Wise.https://www.tisbor.com/https://fecalove.bandcamp.com/Opening track: FECALOVE - "Over-analysis of Masturbation Patterns" from "Great Northern War" CD (Narcolepsia / Untergeschoss)This episode of White Centipede Noise Podcast is brought to you by:Initial Shock Fest II in Montreal, Canada https://www.initialshock.screamandwrithe.com/Reanimated Miscarriage - https://www.traumateamonline.net/Support the Show.
On today's Watchman Newscast, host Erick Stakelbeck breaks down remarks by Israeli Defense Minister Yoav Gallant that Iran and its proxies are planning attacks during the upcoming Muslim holiday of Ramadan that would represent “Phase 2” of October 7th. Plus, a full scale war between Israel and the Iran-backed terror army in Lebanon Hezbollah seems to be drawing nearer with each passing day. How close are we to the Great Northern War? We're in Israel to get the latest from a true expert, Sarit Zehavi, founder and president of the Alma Research and Education Center. What would this cataclysmic military escalation mean for the IDF and the people of Israel? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
On today's Watchman Newscast, host Erick Stakelbeck breaks down Israel's preparations for a coming Great Northern War with Hezbollah terrorists. As Hezbollah leader Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah—with encouragement from Iran—continues to breathe threats and increase provocations along the Lebanon border, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu convened a meeting of his defense and security chiefs to plan Israel's response. Are tensions building towards a major war with prophetic implications? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
On today's Watchman Newscast, host Erick Stakelbeck breaks down the looming threat of war to Israel's north. Hezbollah leader Sheikh Hassan Nastallah is threatening to attack if Israel attempts to disband an outpost that the terror group has set up on Israeli territory. Nasrallah's threats come on the heels of several recent volatile incidents on the Israel/Lebanon border in which Hezbollah seems to be provoking the Jewish State. Is a Great Northern War on the horizon? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
On today's Watchman Newscast, host Erick Stakelbeck breaks down a very busy weekend of strikes and counterstrikes to Israel's north. The Israeli Ai Force has carried out three air strikes against Iranian targets in Syria over the past four nights alone—resulting in the deaths of two officers from Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps. With Iran's regime vowing revenge, Israel shot down an Iranian drone over the Golan Heights on Sunday. Is the Great Northern War fast approaching? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
We reach the defining phase of the Great Northern War, cover the severe winter of 1708/09, and take a look at Peter's new brains trust. Website https://www.historyofrussia.net Twitter HistoryRussia1 Email nordicworld@outlook.com
Denmark, Poland/Saxony and Russia want to crush Sweden. Charles XII, the Swedish King, has other ideas..... Period covered - 1701 to 1706 Website https://www.historyofrussia.net Twitter HistoryRussia1 Email nordicworld@outlook.com
On 7 June, the former German chancellor Angela Merkel appeared at a speaking event at a Berlin theatre, to discuss how she has spent the past six months since leaving office and reflect on present politics. Jeremy Cliffe in Berlin joins Emily Tamkin and Katie Stallard in Washington DC to assess Merkel's defiant stance on her policies towards Moscow and ask whether we should reappraise her international legacy. Could she have done more to prepare Germany, Ukraine and the rest of Europe for Russia's invasion?Meanwhile, in a speech in Moscow on 9 June, Vladimir Putin compared himself to Peter the Great and his leadership during Russia's Great Northern War against Sweden. He claimed that the imperialist, who ruled tsarist Russia from 1682 to 1725, was “returning and reinforcing” Russian land, and “it fell to us to return and reinforce as well”. The team discuss this troubling historical comparison and why so many commentators appear reluctant to believe that Putin does not envisage a future for Ukraine as a sovereign state.Then, in You Ask Us, a listener notes that unlike other networks Fox News did not air the first public hearing on the Capitol riot that shocked America and the world on 6 January 2021. The listener asked how concerned we should be that a major news network is helping to create an alternative reality for a significant portion of the US.If you have a You Ask Us question for the international team, email podcasts@newstatesman.co.ukPodcast listeners can subscribe to the New Statesman for just £1 a week for 12 weeks using our special offer. Just visit newstatesman.com/podcastoffer.Further reading:Jeremy Cliffe writes that Angela Merkel's self-justification over Russia does not add upKatie Stallard on Vladimir the Great See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
Let's go back to the year 1700, a cold, gray late November day in Estonia. Let's go back to the age of muskets and bayonets, of dragoons and hussars. To a time when the Lion of the North, the Last Viking, young Charles XII of Sweden was sizing up his first meal, Peter the "not yet" Great of Russia. Let's go back to the battle of Narva! Facing a vastly numerically superior enemy (that was dug-in) with a well defended position with heavy artillery support, Charles XII of Sweden would have been wise to not attack. But then he wouldn't have been Charles XII. Using a sudden snow squall to mask his advance, Charles and the Swedish army attacked the dug-in Russian line and the first great victory of The Great Northern War was won. Music by DopeBoysSources Upon RequestFollow Along On Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and TikTokAs Always - Rate/Review/SubscribeAnd Thanks For Listening!
In this episode we chat with Peter Berry of Baccus about the many, many joys of 6 mm gaming including Pony Wars, O Group, Napoleonic's, Ancients, The War of the Spanish Succession, The Great Northern War, English Civil War, The Thirty Years War and a lot more. In short, we chat about a lot.
President Vladimir Putin spent Knowledge Day, September 1, in Russia's far-eastern city of Vladivostok. There, he met with some of the country's star schoolchildren, the winners of various academic competitions and educational olympiads. But over the course of their conversation, he made a small mistake. Original Article: https://meduza.io/en/feature/2021/09/01/be-humble
This week, on the Russian History Podcast, we look at an early turning point in the war. Peter, and his army, is going to launch a campaign in the Baltic to relieve pressure on Poland, and with some very mixed results. Questions and queries can be emailed to therussianhistorypodcast@gmail.com or by following @ruhipoca on Twitter. You can support the show on Patreon, where for $2.50 a month, you can help the show continue with increased costs as more and more sources are now available; please find further details here: https://www.patreon.com/therussianhistorypodcast
This week, on the Russian History Podcast, we look at the naval action in the White Sea, as Sweden tries to remove Russia's only serviceable port; alongside the Swedish army trying to prevent Augustus, and his Saxon/Polish army, taking Riga. Questions and queries can be emailed to therussianhistorypodcast@gmail.com or by following @ruhipoca on Twitter. You can support the show on Patreon, where for $2.50 a month, you can help the show continue with increased costs as more and more sources are now available; please find further details here: https://www.patreon.com/therussianhistorypodcast
This week, on the Russian History Podcast, we look at the opening moves of the campaign on the Baltic front, as Charles arrives with his army to defend Swedish possessions against the advancing Russian army. Questions and queries can be emailed to therussianhistorypodcast@gmail.com or by following @ruhipoca on Twitter. You can support the show on Patreon, where for $2.50 a month, you can help the show continue with increased costs as more and more sources are now available; please find further details here: https://www.patreon.com/therussianhistorypodcast
This week, on the Russian History Podcast, we finally get into the start of hostilities; except that Peter, and Russia, don't appear to be committing to war with Sweden as her allies grow restless. Questions and queries can be emailed to therussianhistorypodcast@gmail.com or by following @ruhipoca on Twitter. You can support the show on Patreon, where for $2.50 a month, you can help the show continue with increased costs as more and more sources are now available; please find further details here: https://www.patreon.com/therussianhistorypodcast
The armies of Peter the Great and Charles of Sweden fight the Battle of Poltava 1709. The Great Northern War 1700-1721 afterwards continues for a number of years, notably the Battle of the River Prut 1711, where the Russians confront the Ottomans. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
We talk about the explosion of the Swedish Empire, the rise of Russia, and more on today's podcast. Email for questions: aavdakov01@gmail.com For Ad-Free episode on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/frederick_the_great_podcast Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/frederick_the_great_podcast/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/fredthegpodcast --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app
The Great Northern War - Charles XII, the young new king of Sweden, defends himself from attacks from his neighbours Russia, Denmark and Polandwww.patreon.com/historyeurope See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
This week, on the Russian History Podcast, we set the stage for the looming conflict, by looking at the initial participants and what each hoped to achieve by declaring war on Sweden. Questions and queries can be emailed to therussianhistorypodcast@gmail.com or by following @ruhipoca on Twitter. You can support the show on Patreon, where for $2.50 a month, you can help the show continue with increased costs as more and more sources are now available; please find further details here: https://www.patreon.com/therussianhistorypodcast
BECOME A PRODUCER! http://www.patreon.com/themidnighttrainpodcast Find The Midnight Train Podcast: www.themidnighttrainpodcast.com www.facebook.com/themidnighttrainpodcast www.twitter.com/themidnighttrainpc www.instagram.com/themidnighttrainpodcast www.discord.com/themidnighttrainpodcast www.tiktok.com/themidnighttrainp And wherever you listen to your favorite podcasts. Subscribe to our official YouTube channel: OUR YOUTUBE Well here we are… On to the next 100 episodes. Hopefully we can make these next 100 even more enjoyable than the first. We've noticed more passengers joining the train from all over the world. Canada, Australia, Great Britain, Hong Kong specifically, Taiwan, you name it! One of these places that seems to be listening a lot and that we've been on the charts in for some time now is Sweden. Now if you've listened for a while you know we have a little sub series that we like to do about places. We call it our creepy series. We've done creepy Texas, Creepy New Jersey, Creepy Canada, Creepy Australia etc. So we figured, what better way to kick off our second century with a creepy episode for one of the places that we have been getting lots of love from. That's why today on the train… We're headed to Sweden… More specifically… Creepy Sweden! First off let's talk a little about Sweden itself. Sweden has a very long history that we were going to discuss but honestly there's no possible way to do the history of this country its due justice given the amount of time we have but we’ll hit some basic points. From 8,000 BC to 6,000 BC, Sweden as a whole became populated by people who lived by hunting, gathering and fishing, and who used simple stone tools. Dwelling places and graves dating from the Stone Age, lasting until about 1,800 BC, are found today in increasing numbers. The Viking Age (800–1050 AD) was characterised by a significant expansion of activity, in Sweden’s case largely toward the east. Many Viking expeditions set off from Sweden to both plunder and trade along the Baltic coast and the rivers that stretched deep into present-day Russia. The Vikings traveled as far as the Black and Caspian Seas, where they developed trading links with the Byzantine Empire and the Arab kingdoms. Christianity first reached Sweden with a mission led by Ansgar, who visited in the 9th century, but the country was not converted to Christianity until the 11th century. The various provinces of Sweden were absorbed around 1000 AD into a single unit, but the crown began to gain significant influence only during the late 13th century. In 1280 King Magnus Ladulås (1275–90) issued a statute authorising the establishment of a nobility and the organisation of society on the feudal model. Trade grew during the 14th century, especially with the German towns grouped under the leadership of Lübeck. By the mid-16th century, this group, known as the Hanseatic League, dominated Swedish trade, and many towns were founded as a result of lively commercial activity. However, the Black Death, which reached Sweden in 1350, led to a long period of economic and population decline. In 1389, the crowns of Denmark, Norway and Sweden were united under the rule of the Danish Queen Margareta. In 1397, the Kalmar Union was formed, with the three Scandinavian countries under a single monarch. However, the union (1397–1523) was scarred by internal conflicts that culminated in the ‘Stockholm Bloodbath’ in 1520, when 80 Swedish nobles were executed at the instigation of the Danish union king, Kristian II. The act provoked a rebellion, which in 1521 led to the deposition of Kristian II and the seizure of power by a Swedish nobleman, Gustav Vasa, who was elected king of Sweden in 1523. The foundations of the Swedish state were laid during the reign of Gustav Vasa (1523–60). The church was nationalised, its estates confiscated by the crown, and the Protestant Reformation was introduced. Power was concentrated in the hands of the king and hereditary monarchy came into force in 1544. After the death of the warrior king Karl XII in 1718 and Sweden’s defeat in the Great Northern War, the Swedish parliament (Riksdag) and council were strong enough to introduce a new constitution that abolished royal absolutism and put power in the hands of parliament. Eighteenth-century Sweden was characterised by rapid cultural development, partly through close contact with France. Overseas trade was hard hit by the Napoleonic Wars, which led to general stagnation and economic crisis in Sweden during the early 19th century. In the late 19th century, 90 per cent of the people still earned their livelihoods from agriculture. One consequence was emigration, mainly to North America. From the mid-19th century to 1930, about 1.5 million Swedes emigrated, out of a population of 3.5 million in 1850 and slightly more than 6 million in 1930. Industry did not begin to grow until the 1890s, although it then developed rapidly between 1900 and 1930 and transformed Sweden into one of Europe’s leading industrial nations after World War II. Late 19th-century Sweden was marked by the emergence of strong popular movements that included the free churches, the temperance and women’s movements, and above all the labour movement. The labour movement, whose growth kept pace with industrialization in the late 19th century, was reformist in outlook after the turn of the 20th century. The first Social Democrats entered government in 1917. Universal suffrage was introduced for men in 1909 and for women in 1921. Plans for a welfare state were drawn up during the 1930s after the Social Democrats rose to power, and put into effect after World War II. During World War II, a coalition of Sweden’s four ‘democratic’ parties (excluding the Communists) formed the government. After the war ended, a purely Social Democratic government resumed office under Per Albin Hansson. Under Social Democratic leadership, but in close co-operation with the other democratic parties, a series of reforms were carried out in the 1940s and 1950s that together laid the foundations of the Swedish welfare state. At the same time, there were calls for a modernization of the 1809 constitution. A new Instrument of Government was adopted in 1974, stating that all public power is derived from the people, who are to select the members of parliament in free elections. The monarch is still the head of state, but in name only. In 1979, an amendment to the order of succession gave male and female heirs an equal claim to the throne. Accordingly, Crown Princess Victoria is next in line to the throne, not her younger brother, Carl Philip. It may not seem like it but that's the brief history of Sweden taken from Sweden.se. So now let's get to it… the creepy side of Sweden and the hilariousness of Jon saying swedish names and words! First up we are going to visit Borgvattnet Vicarage or BORGVATTNET SPÖKPRÄSTGÅRD IN Swedish. In northern Sweden, there is a small town called Borgvattnet that may be home to one of the most haunted buildings in all of Sweden. In this slightly remote town consisting of just fifty full-time residents, the closest city is Östersund and the trains only run there on weekdays. It may not sound like much of a tourist destination but the strange and intriguing Vicarage draws visitors every year. a vicarage is usually the house where the priest and clergymen lived. This place is said to be one of the most haunted places in Sweden from what we’ve gathered. The building was put up in 1876 but it would be 51 years before the reports of hauntings started. in 1927 when the resident vicar reported strange happenings including his laundry being torn from the line. In the 1930s, Hedlund's successor, chaplain Rudolf Tängdén, claimed to have seen the ghost of a woman in the house, and in the 1940s the subsequent chaplain, Otto Lindgren, and his wife said they experienced paranormal activity including weird sounds and moving objects. A woman staying there in 1941 reported that she said with an uneasy feeling as if someone else was in the room with her. She noticed that there were three old women sitting on the couch in the room! She jumped up and turned on the light. The three ghosts were still there but the woman described them as"more blurry". In the mid 1940s another chaplain moved in, Erik Lindgren. He kept a journal of all the things that happened to him most notable are his rocking chair issues. He brought a rocking chair with him to the vicarage but unfortunately couldn't use it much. When he would sit down in the chair something didn't like it and after a short time would push or throw him forcefully out of the chair. In the early 1980’s the renowned site caught the attention of an outsider priest named Tore Forslund,the Spökprästen, or ghostpriest! He was a writer, poet, Lutheran priest, street musician, and editor of the magazine A Voice Crying in the Wilderness, that he founded 1957. Forslund could often be seen on the streets of Sweden playing his favorite instrument, a concertina. He called Sergelgatan in Stockholm his "central sanctuary". His nickname, "the ghostpriest", came to be during a period when he worked as a priest in Borgvattnet. He offered to relieve the village of the ghosts that were said to reside in the old parsonage. He was strongly against the occult phenomena that existed in the district. He ended up leaving the swedish church abs going out on his own after his expectations at the vicarage could not be met. Ghost hunters international visited in 2009. Tales of the supernatural have been around here for years and have continued until present day. Things have moved, screams have been heard, shadow people have been seen, and the old rocking chair keeps on rocking. The legends surrounding the origins of the haunting tell of abused maids and even of babies buried in the backyard although it is now also said that the old vicars themselves haunt the house. Today the vicarage is run as a small bed and breakfast for those curious enough to stay the night, with the option to rent the whole house. Anyone who makes it through the night will receive a diploma to mark their honor according to the website Atlas Obscura. Ok so that's creepy. Let's see what else we can find! Frammegården in Värmland's Skillingmark homestead is a place for midsummer celebrations, singing and dancing. But the farm has a gloomy history. Once upon a time there was an execution site where the farm was built. And for many years, Frammegården was a home where the old and sick of the area had to live their last days.The experiences are different, but what comes back is that the door to the attic opens, slippers move, human voices are heard, knocks, sobs, footsteps and mumbles from the overhang. In the house's guest book you can read about the visitors' experiences. On the lower floor is the "corpse room", a smaller room with a stove and a narrow bed. At least one person has died here. Upstairs is the room with "the crying bed". The story from the 19th century tells that people who came to the farm heard crying and found a woman with her dead child in her arms. The other story tells that two children must have been locked in a small attic room and there died of starvation or possibly frozen to death. Then it is believed that they were buried in the basement, and that may be why the terrier Benny Rosenqvist says that he met something really horrible down there. - It was probably the worst, most penetrating evil I have encountered in my entire life, he says. Mats Olsson has his own theory about why the children were killed. - At that time, one could believe that mentally retarded children were possessed by the devil, and then it was not uncommon for them to be kept secret and, in the worst case, killed.This also happened in the 19th century. Many visitors have said that they have seen or heard children in or near the house. A family says they put up a beach ball, a football and a tennis ball in a row. Suddenly, the beach ball moves with high force into the room and against a chair leg. All members witnessed the phenomenon. Many believe that the farm is haunted by the last owner of the farm and can attest to energies and strange inexplicable events. Inside the house there are furnishings and furniture that are up to several hundred years old, and most of them have some myth attached to them. For example, the spinach is upstairs, a kind of piano that is said to have the same manufacturer as Carl Michael Bellman's, tilt. Bellman is a swedish singer and songwriter. According to frightened guests, it sometimes plays by itself. And maybe it's the house's invisible guard sitting in the antique rocking chair and rocking to the music that was once heard in the room? And who is it that always moves on the old slippers that are never left in the same place where they are left? These places sound pretty awesome! Storsjöodjuret (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈstuːʂøːuˈjʉːrɛ], literally "The Great-Lake Monster") is a lake monster reported to live in the 300-foot-deep (91 m) lake Storsjön in Jämtland in the middle of Sweden. The lake monster was first reported in 1635 and is the most famous lakemonster in Sweden. When the only city located by Storsjön, Östersund, celebrated its 200 year anniversary in 1986 Storsjöodjuret along with its offspring and nest became protected by law, a law which was revoked in 2005. Like the Loch Ness Monster and Lake Champlain's Champ, Storsjöodjuret has been described as having a humped back and a long neck and tail. It has grayish-brown skin with a yellow underbelly, a dog-like head, and a body anywhere between 10 and 42 feet in length, according to people who claim to have seen the creature. Similar to claims that Nessie is actually a plesiosaur, one popular theory contends that Storsjöodjuret is a leftover from prehistoric times. During the Ice Age, the story goes, the animal got trapped in the lake and survived to present day. The legend of Storsjöodjuret is significant for its longevity. The earliest recorded mention dates back to 1635, when the vicar Morgens Pedersen immortalized the creature in a folktale that describes two trolls brewing a concoction that creates "a strange animal with a black serpentine body." In an 1878 sighting, a local mechanic reportedly saw something craning its neck past the water's surface. He described it as having a "snake-like head that was larger than what I figured the neck could support." The Frösö Runestone depicts a serpent-like creature. Frösöstenen, the rune stone, is the northernmost raised runestone in Scandinavia and Jämtland's only runestone. It originally stood at the tip of the ferry terminal on the sound between the island of Frösön and Östersund. The stone dates to between 1030 and 1050. The Lake Monster has had such a grip on the public imagination that in 1894 a hunt for it was organised by a special committee put together by King Oscar II. However, the Norwegian whalers specially hired for the job came back empty-handed. We found this first hand account of seeing the monster online and wanted to share it. "It just so happens that I live by this very lake myself (lake Storsjön – The Great Lake), and it also just happens to be a fact that I´m a witness myself. Yep, I saw a large animal in the water back in 1977, twice within 40 minutes in the same location (a harbor at Frösön, an island in the lake). This happened on August 10 1977 when I was 16. The first sighting was a quick one, from two blocks above the harbor. I witnessed the back of an animal rise in the water, about the size and shape of a Volkswagen. When I got down there (on my bike) it was gone, but I saw three other witnesses who were clearly in shock of what they had just seen down there. 40 minutes later, as I went down to the harbor a second time I saw it again, this time swimming past the harbor. I could follow it at close range (10 meters or so) for some 300 meters. It was three meters long above the surface, in two parts. First a small part, then some water and then a bigger part (clearly the back of this animal). It had dark skin like that of a whale. It swam straight forward, no sign of any moving to the sides or up and down. Like so many other witnesses before and after this event, I had the classic “like a boat turned upsidedown” sighting that day. I was not alone. Two girls my age was there, a boat came towards us (the animal dived then) and they started to circle around so clearly they had seen the animal as well. In fact, there could be any number of witnesses, I was far to busy looking at this thing at the time to pay much notice on the area around me. But we are talking about a place with lots of buildings, with balconies facing the waterfront." Sightings continue to be told about this guy even to this day! What could it be? We love us some cryptids! Speaking of cryptids we have one that sounds metal as fuck! The Halengamen, or translated to the Halen Vulture, que ripping guitar solo! No it's not named after the late great Eddie van Halen obviously but still… awesome! Halen-Vulture is a cryptid animal of southern Sweden. The Halen Vulture is reported to be a living pterosaur. This animal is very similar in looks and behaviours to the African cryptid pterosaur called Kongamato. The Halen Vulture is said to look like a vulture with leathery skin, just like fish scales, instead of feathers. Instead of perching onto a tree, this animal is reported to dive under the water to catch fish, and it is said to stay under the water for some time. It is said that it can fly so fast and with so much power that it could easily devour boats. The animal is also said to be very excellent at flight. The Halen Vulture is reported around Lake Halen near Olofström in Blekinge, Skåne (Sweden). The area around Lake Halen is a natural reserve which still holds areas of unexplored nature. The nesting place of this mysterious animal is said to be on the island Stora Norrön (the Great North Island). This has supposedly been the animal's nesting place for centuries. The Halen Vulture has been told about for centuries, and in the 1970's it was adopted as a mascot for a local school and thereby named "Halengamen" (the Halen Vulture). In later years, the animal even got it's own unofficial latin name, "Sarcorhampus Papa Halensis" and even a scientific description. Some say this creature has already gone extinct, but others claim that the creature still exists and sightings are still reported! Lake monsters and dinosaur cryptids… Sounds like our kind of place. How about some more creepy places! These will be some quick hits since there are tons of reportedly haunted places which makes sense given the age and history of these places! Bäckaskog Castle in Kristianstad Municipality, Scania, southern Sweden, was originally a monastery built in the 13th century. It was transformed into a castle in the 16th century. The castle is located on the isthmus between Ivö Lake (Scania's largest lake) and Oppmanna Lake. The monastery was closed down by the Danish Crown in 1537 during the Reformation. In 1584–1653, the noblemen Henrik Ramel and his son Henrik Ramel Junior gave the castle its present appearance. At Bäckaskog Castle in Skåne, you can stay overnight and join a guided ghost hunt. Several ghosts are said to live within the castle grounds. One of them is the horse of Karl XV, who was shot after the king died in 1872. During the nighttime, the horse can be heard galloping, which has been observed by guests and staff. Bäckaskog is also said to be haunted by an old guest, named Elvira. She is supposedly sneaking around during the night and can be recognized by her black veil, which she was forced to use for the rest of her life after her accident with broken glass. Room 19 is said to be the most haunted at Bäckaskog with many reports of doors and windows opening without a logical explanation. More fun words ahead.. Hjortsberga vicarage in Wämöparken is infamous. The old vicarage was originally built in 1757, but was moved and rebuilt in Wämöparken 1941-1942. Throughout history, several of the Church's men have testified to horrific experiences that are said to have originated in the spirit world. In Hjortsberga vicarage, furniture has been moved and impressions have been left in an old cradle. Mysterious footsteps, children's voices and dog barking have been heard. Hjortsberga vicarage is said to be so haunted that even the horses from the nearby riding school refuse to pass outside. A priest who lived in Hjortsberga vicarage has told of steps on the stairs without any human being appearing, door handles being pushed down, books suddenly falling off the shelves, the doorbell ringing incessantly even though it was empty outside the door and the dog going insane , raised rag and chopped wildly in the empty air. After trying to drive out the spirits without success, the priest could not stand it and moved from Hjortsberga vicarage. In the 1980s, Commissioner Bengt Randolfson claimed that he heard eerie cries of children, saw a female ghost coming walking up a flight of stairs and how books fell from bookshelves into empty rooms. Next up Furunäset hotell. The building was constructed in 1893 and designed by architect, Axel Kumlien who in the year of 1886 traveled to Luleå, Piteå and Skellefteå to find a suitable place to build on. When the medical board decided to build a hospital in the northern part of Sweden there were many conditions that needed to be sustained. The prospective hospital would have a central location for both Norrbotten and Västerbotten, well-functioning transportation links as well by land and at sea. There had to be good and cheap supply for food. Plenty of water and sufficient water was also a requirement. The building ground had to be good and sheltered from northern and southern winds. After careful considerations they found such place on the island Pitholmen, two kilometers from Piteå city. During the inauguration of Furunäset hospital it was considered to be the most magnificent building in the northern part of Sweden. All the fantastic conditions were fulfilled, the central and windproof location, good transportation connections and finally good food and water for everyone. In 1987, the property housed a hotel and conference and a business park with then about 70 companies and 550 employees. Short History about Furunäsets as a hospital. It was the 20th of October 1893 as the steamer “Rurik” added at a newly built harbor in Piteå River. There was not an unusual sight for the people who lived in Piteå to see the steamers park at the dock filled with cargo this time of year. The unusual thing about this time was that the steamer was filled with 74 men who were received by uniformed staff to take them to Furunäset Hospital. A week later it arrived the same amount of women to the same harbor, with the same conditions. The people who came to Furunäset Hospital were called “insane” and they came from overcrowded hospitals around Sweden. With this new hospital and these patients, the modern mental health care had established in the northernmost part of Sweden. Many of the patients spent most of their adult life in the hospital area and their memories and experiences of the place are off course different. Furunäsets history contains both bright and dark stories. Stories that are equally true and equally important to narrate and remember. Nowadays, it’s a hotel and conference center where you can stay overnight. However, the place is still referred to as haunted by many and attracts ghost hunters from all over the world. Guests and staff have reported the sound of rolling beds in the corridors and footsteps that are getting closer. Due to its history as a mental hospital and numerous ghost reports, this has to be one of the most haunted places in Sweden. Now for something...a bit different...a ufo tale! IN KRONOSKOGEN, A SUBURB OF the Swedish town of Ängelholm, a memorial was erected in 1972, to remember an alleged UFO-landing seen by Swedish ice hockey player Gösta Carlsson on May 18, 1946. The memorial, which is built of concrete, consists of a model of the UFO and a concrete base. Gösta Carlsson claimed that during his encounter with the aliens he received recipes for natural medical remedies which made him healthy. According to Carlsson it was based on this knowledge that he founded pharmaceutical companies Cernelle and Allergon. He later established the first professional ice-hockey club in Sweden — Rögle BK. Not everyone, even those who believe in aliens, agrees with Carlssons claims. Clas Svahn of UFO-Sweden, a group dedicated to investigating UFO sightings in Sweden, investigated the claims and found no convincing evidence. Did it happen? Who knows but still cool and creepy! Speaking of UFOs, the Spökraketer, also called Scandinavian ghost rockets) were rocket- or missile-shaped unidentified flying objects sighted in 1946, mostly in Sweden and nearby countries like Finland. Many countries would also see these ghost rockets, in fact over 2000 sightings were reported. Now we have to say that many of these sightings have been attributed to meteors. Many reports came during periods of meteor shower activities. However, most ghost rocket sightings did not occur during meteor shower activity, and furthermore displayed characteristics inconsistent with meteors, such as reported maneuverability. Although the official opinion of the Swedish and U.S. military remains unclear, a Top Secret USAFE (United States Air Force Europe) document from 4 November 1948 indicates that at least some investigators believed the ghost rockets and later "flying saucers" had extraterrestrial origins. Declassified only in 1997, the document states: "For some time we have been concerned by the recurring reports on flying saucers. They periodically continue to pop up; during the last week, one was observed hovering over Neubiberg Air Base for about thirty minutes. They have been reported by so many sources and from such a variety of places that we are convinced that they cannot be disregarded and must be explained on some basis which is perhaps slightly beyond the scope of our present intelligence thinking. "When officers of this Directorate recently visited the Swedish Air Intelligence Service, this question was put to the Swedes. Their answer was that some reliable and fully technically qualified people have reached the conclusion that 'these phenomena are obviously the result of a high technical skill which cannot be credited to any presently known culture on earth'. They are therefore assuming that these objects originate from some previously unknown or unidentified technology, possibly outside the earth". The document also mentioned a search for an object crashing in a Swedish lake conducted by a Swedish naval salvage team, with the discovery of a previously unknown crater on the lake floor believed caused by the object (possibly referencing the Lake Kölmjärv search for a ghost rocket discussed above, though the date is unclear). The document ends with the statement that "we are inclined not to discredit entirely this somewhat spectacular theory [extraterrestrial origins], while keeping an open mind on the subject". Aliens…. It was aliens. Glimmingehus in the most southern part of Skåne is the best-preserved medieval manor in Scandinavia. The building was commissioned by the Danish nobleman Jens Holgersen Ulfstand. It was built as a fortress in 1499, when Skåne belonged to Denmark. Archaeological finds suggest that Ulfstand lived a very comfortable life at Glimmingehus. Some of the most expensive objects available in Europe in the early 16th century are here, including Venetian glass, Rhineland glass and Spanish ceramics. Ulfstand would no doubt have appreciated the fact that the castle still lives on as an important medieval centre. The fortress has long been named as one of the most haunted places in Sweden with several different ghosts and guises. The little girl in the blue dress is perhaps the most commonly sighted by guests. It’s a bit creepy because the staff always replies that there is no little girl in a blue dress. Another ghost that can be seen here is the “White madam”. There are said to be spirits of black rats (a species which is extinct in Sweden), a big hen with chickens, and a ferocious big dog. The dog is said to be the ghost of a castle lord who sometimes turns into an animal. Three translucent ladies from the 18th century and a cart drawn by six horses are also to be seen. Here's some quick hits of weird odd things to see as well in Sweden. They may not all be creepy but they are still kinda odd. There is a Devil's Bible (The Codex Gigas) in central Stockholm and it’s around 400 years old and the biggest medieval manuscript ever known. The Codex Gigas means literally “the huge book” and it truly deserves its name, the book is almost three ft tall but about a foot and a half wide, 620 pages, and weighs a whopping 165lbs. According to a legend, the Devil's Bible was handwritten by an imprisoned monk in Böhmen (current Czechnia), who got the devil's help to complete the work in one single night. If that isn't impressive enough, look for the page with a full-colour portrait of the devil himself! Pressbyrån's Museum – Sweden’s most secret museum A museum dedicated to Swedish convenience store chain Pressbyrån doesn’t sound too exciting, right? You might have to rethink, since Pressbyråns museum has a two-year waiting list, its unknown and still somewhat trendy according to the evening papers. Inside the museum, you can find out more about Pressbyrån's over 100-year-old history, read headlines from old newspapers, see old tobacco vending machines and find out how Pressbyrån became the most common Swedish convenience store. Sweden's smallest church is only about 1.5 square metres and was built by a former crafts teacher, Rodney Sjöberg, who wanted to have a new project after retirement. His father was a pastor and where Lillkyrkan stands today was a former Mission Covenant church. Rodney started to build Lillkyrkan in the year 2000 and finished four years later. The church has been blessed by a bishop and is now available for baptisms and weddings. GROWING HIGH ATOP SWEDEN’S FULUFAJALLET Mountain is a Norway Spruce that sure doesn’t look like much—but this little tree is an estimated 9,550 years old, and goes by the name of Old Tjikko. Located in Fulufjallet National Park, Old Tjikko began growing in this harsh tundra shortly after the glaciers receded from Scandinavia at the close of the last ice age. To put that into perspective, this lowly shrub was growing as humans learned to plow fields, domesticate the cat, and—2,000 years after it first took root—our ancestors begin learning to smelt copper. Though the tree may have spent millennia as a shrub before the climate warmed enough for it to grow into the spindly tree we see today, scientists had a hunch Old Tjikko was part of an ancient clonal organism. When setting out to establish the tree’s exact age, they carbon-dated the roots system beneath the tree itself, revealing the true age of Old Tjikko. Researchers have also found in this area a cluster of about 20 spruce trees, all of them over 8,000 years old. To add even more to the charm of this scraggly nine thousand-year-old tree, Old Tjikko was named after discoverer Leif Kullman’s dog. So there you have it, sone pretty creepy places and some fun odd places in Sweden. There's sooooooo much history here and so so so many places that could have made it into this episode. We kept them mostly sorry and sweet so wet could talk about as many as we could. We will definitely be revisiting Sweden though in a future episode. To swedish horror movies https://www.vulture.com/article/best-swedish-horror-films.html
The Swedish Empire was a European power in the Baltic region during 17th and early 18th centuries. Historians believe that the Swedish Empire started when Gustavus Adolphus took the throne. The Swedish Empire ended when Sweden lost the Great Northern War. However, what if Sweden instead won this war? What would happen? How would this affect Europe during the War of the Austrian Succession and going all the way to the Napoleonic Wars? Twitter: https://bit.ly/39ts3CG Website: https://bit.ly/3cw7Qg6 Email: back2thepastpodcast@gmail.com Wikipedia Page on the Great Northern War: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Northern_War --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/rohan-parikh7/message
For just under a year, from 1705, Telemann was employed by Count Erdmann II of Promnitz in northern Poland. His tenure was cut dramatically short by developments in the Great Northern War, but during his time in Zary and Silesia, the composer came into contact with Polish folk music, which influenced him for the rest of his career. When travelling through Poland with his employer, Telemann would often stop at taverns for refreshment or accommodation, and there he heard Polish gypsies improvising on fiddles, bagpipes and hurdy-gurdies - a music which is thought to have its roots on the Indian subcontinent. Lucie Skeaping explores some of those original melodies in recordings from Ensemble Caprice, alongside some of the pieces Telemann composed with those Polish influences very much at the forefront of his mind.
Latvia's elegant capital, Riga, is one of Europe's best-kept secrets. Strategically located on the Eastern Baltic coast at the mouth of the River Daugava, Riga was founded in the early 13th century as a trading hub, a military outpost of the Holy Roman Empire, and a base for Roman Catholic prelates to convert both the pagan natives and the Orthodox Christians of Rus. Kevin O'Connor's new book, The House of Hemp and Butter: A History of Old Riga (Northern Illinois University Press, 2019) charts the fascinating history of Riga from the earliest days to Peter the Great's conquest of the much-coveted trading port in the early 18th century. O'Connor's book recounts in fascinating detail the personalities who shaped and dominated Riga's political and economic history. For six centuries, Riga's fortunes rose and fell in step with major political events of Europe, as the uneasy triumvirate of the church, military, and merchants balanced control and power over the city, ever hopeful to keep goods such as furs, timber, resin, and beeswax flowing from the vast Russian forest lands, through Riga and onto the rest of the known world. O'Connor introduces us to the infamous Livonian Brotherhood of the Sword — a military order of knights based in the city, canny and diplomatic prelates, and the notorious Brotherhood of the Blackfaces, one of the city's professional associations. From the outset, Riga was a multi-national and polyglot city, much as it remains today. Her membership in the Hanseatic League — the European economic fraternity, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly on trade — greatly enhanced the city's prestige and economic influence, as Germans, Poles, and other Hansa members established successful trading relationships with Riga's guilds. Riga's rapid adoption of Protestantism in the 16th century forged other strong links with her neighbors and separated her even further culturally from the growing might of Russia. Though Rigans cherished their independence, the history of their city is one of almost constant occupation or rule of a foreign power, as the larger players in the Baltic constantly fought to gain the prize that was the city on the Daugava. O'Connor's accounts of German, Polish, and later Swedish occupations help readers understand why the city developed in the way it did. O'Connor leaves us at Riga's nadir. As plague ravishes the war-torn city, Tsar Peter the Great captures Riga as part of his conquest of the Eastern Baltic in the Great Northern War, which established the Russian Empire as the preeminent naval power in the Baltic Sea, but relegates Riga to a second-tier trading hub. Moreover, O'Conner suggests, Russia's conquest of the city forces Riga to adopt "Eastern," which never sits comfortably with the centuries of Riga's primarily "Western" culture and nature. We are left hoping that perhaps now, as Riga sloughs off the Soviet occupation, she will once more take her rightful place in the Baltic's panoply of prosperous ports. The House of Hemp and Butter is an impeccably-researched and very engagingly written account of Riga's fascinating social, economic, and political history. Kevin O'Connor is the Chair of History at Gonzaga University. Jennifer Eremeeva is an American expatriate writer who writes about travel, culture, cuisine and culinary history, Russian history, and Royal History, with bylines in Reuters, Fodor's, USTOA, LitHub, The Moscow Times, and Russian Life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Latvia's elegant capital, Riga, is one of Europe's best-kept secrets. Strategically located on the Eastern Baltic coast at the mouth of the River Daugava, Riga was founded in the early 13th century as a trading hub, a military outpost of the Holy Roman Empire, and a base for Roman Catholic prelates to convert both the pagan natives and the Orthodox Christians of Rus. Kevin O'Connor's new book, The House of Hemp and Butter: A History of Old Riga (Northern Illinois University Press, 2019) charts the fascinating history of Riga from the earliest days to Peter the Great's conquest of the much-coveted trading port in the early 18th century. O'Connor's book recounts in fascinating detail the personalities who shaped and dominated Riga's political and economic history. For six centuries, Riga's fortunes rose and fell in step with major political events of Europe, as the uneasy triumvirate of the church, military, and merchants balanced control and power over the city, ever hopeful to keep goods such as furs, timber, resin, and beeswax flowing from the vast Russian forest lands, through Riga and onto the rest of the known world. O'Connor introduces us to the infamous Livonian Brotherhood of the Sword — a military order of knights based in the city, canny and diplomatic prelates, and the notorious Brotherhood of the Blackfaces, one of the city's professional associations. From the outset, Riga was a multi-national and polyglot city, much as it remains today. Her membership in the Hanseatic League — the European economic fraternity, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly on trade — greatly enhanced the city's prestige and economic influence, as Germans, Poles, and other Hansa members established successful trading relationships with Riga's guilds. Riga's rapid adoption of Protestantism in the 16th century forged other strong links with her neighbors and separated her even further culturally from the growing might of Russia. Though Rigans cherished their independence, the history of their city is one of almost constant occupation or rule of a foreign power, as the larger players in the Baltic constantly fought to gain the prize that was the city on the Daugava. O'Connor's accounts of German, Polish, and later Swedish occupations help readers understand why the city developed in the way it did. O'Connor leaves us at Riga's nadir. As plague ravishes the war-torn city, Tsar Peter the Great captures Riga as part of his conquest of the Eastern Baltic in the Great Northern War, which established the Russian Empire as the preeminent naval power in the Baltic Sea, but relegates Riga to a second-tier trading hub. Moreover, O'Conner suggests, Russia's conquest of the city forces Riga to adopt "Eastern," which never sits comfortably with the centuries of Riga's primarily "Western" culture and nature. We are left hoping that perhaps now, as Riga sloughs off the Soviet occupation, she will once more take her rightful place in the Baltic's panoply of prosperous ports. The House of Hemp and Butter is an impeccably-researched and very engagingly written account of Riga's fascinating social, economic, and political history. Kevin O'Connor is the Chair of History at Gonzaga University. Jennifer Eremeeva is an American expatriate writer who writes about travel, culture, cuisine and culinary history, Russian history, and Royal History, with bylines in Reuters, Fodor's, USTOA, LitHub, The Moscow Times, and Russian Life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Latvia's elegant capital, Riga, is one of Europe's best-kept secrets. Strategically located on the Eastern Baltic coast at the mouth of the River Daugava, Riga was founded in the early 13th century as a trading hub, a military outpost of the Holy Roman Empire, and a base for Roman Catholic prelates to convert both the pagan natives and the Orthodox Christians of Rus. Kevin O'Connor's new book, The House of Hemp and Butter: A History of Old Riga (Northern Illinois University Press, 2019) charts the fascinating history of Riga from the earliest days to Peter the Great's conquest of the much-coveted trading port in the early 18th century. O'Connor's book recounts in fascinating detail the personalities who shaped and dominated Riga's political and economic history. For six centuries, Riga's fortunes rose and fell in step with major political events of Europe, as the uneasy triumvirate of the church, military, and merchants balanced control and power over the city, ever hopeful to keep goods such as furs, timber, resin, and beeswax flowing from the vast Russian forest lands, through Riga and onto the rest of the known world. O'Connor introduces us to the infamous Livonian Brotherhood of the Sword — a military order of knights based in the city, canny and diplomatic prelates, and the notorious Brotherhood of the Blackfaces, one of the city's professional associations. From the outset, Riga was a multi-national and polyglot city, much as it remains today. Her membership in the Hanseatic League — the European economic fraternity, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly on trade — greatly enhanced the city's prestige and economic influence, as Germans, Poles, and other Hansa members established successful trading relationships with Riga's guilds. Riga's rapid adoption of Protestantism in the 16th century forged other strong links with her neighbors and separated her even further culturally from the growing might of Russia. Though Rigans cherished their independence, the history of their city is one of almost constant occupation or rule of a foreign power, as the larger players in the Baltic constantly fought to gain the prize that was the city on the Daugava. O’Connor’s accounts of German, Polish, and later Swedish occupations help readers understand why the city developed in the way it did. O'Connor leaves us at Riga’s nadir. As plague ravishes the war-torn city, Tsar Peter the Great captures Riga as part of his conquest of the Eastern Baltic in the Great Northern War, which established the Russian Empire as the preeminent naval power in the Baltic Sea, but relegates Riga to a second-tier trading hub. Moreover, O'Conner suggests, Russia's conquest of the city forces Riga to adopt "Eastern," which never sits comfortably with the centuries of Riga's primarily "Western" culture and nature. We are left hoping that perhaps now, as Riga sloughs off the Soviet occupation, she will once more take her rightful place in the Baltic’s panoply of prosperous ports. The House of Hemp and Butter is an impeccably-researched and very engagingly written account of Riga's fascinating social, economic, and political history. Kevin O'Connor is the Chair of History at Gonzaga University. Jennifer Eremeeva is an American expatriate writer who writes about travel, culture, cuisine and culinary history, Russian history, and Royal History, with bylines in Reuters, Fodor's, USTOA, LitHub, The Moscow Times, and Russian Life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Latvia's elegant capital, Riga, is one of Europe's best-kept secrets. Strategically located on the Eastern Baltic coast at the mouth of the River Daugava, Riga was founded in the early 13th century as a trading hub, a military outpost of the Holy Roman Empire, and a base for Roman Catholic prelates to convert both the pagan natives and the Orthodox Christians of Rus. Kevin O'Connor's new book, The House of Hemp and Butter: A History of Old Riga (Northern Illinois University Press, 2019) charts the fascinating history of Riga from the earliest days to Peter the Great's conquest of the much-coveted trading port in the early 18th century. O'Connor's book recounts in fascinating detail the personalities who shaped and dominated Riga's political and economic history. For six centuries, Riga's fortunes rose and fell in step with major political events of Europe, as the uneasy triumvirate of the church, military, and merchants balanced control and power over the city, ever hopeful to keep goods such as furs, timber, resin, and beeswax flowing from the vast Russian forest lands, through Riga and onto the rest of the known world. O'Connor introduces us to the infamous Livonian Brotherhood of the Sword — a military order of knights based in the city, canny and diplomatic prelates, and the notorious Brotherhood of the Blackfaces, one of the city's professional associations. From the outset, Riga was a multi-national and polyglot city, much as it remains today. Her membership in the Hanseatic League — the European economic fraternity, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly on trade — greatly enhanced the city's prestige and economic influence, as Germans, Poles, and other Hansa members established successful trading relationships with Riga's guilds. Riga's rapid adoption of Protestantism in the 16th century forged other strong links with her neighbors and separated her even further culturally from the growing might of Russia. Though Rigans cherished their independence, the history of their city is one of almost constant occupation or rule of a foreign power, as the larger players in the Baltic constantly fought to gain the prize that was the city on the Daugava. O’Connor’s accounts of German, Polish, and later Swedish occupations help readers understand why the city developed in the way it did. O'Connor leaves us at Riga’s nadir. As plague ravishes the war-torn city, Tsar Peter the Great captures Riga as part of his conquest of the Eastern Baltic in the Great Northern War, which established the Russian Empire as the preeminent naval power in the Baltic Sea, but relegates Riga to a second-tier trading hub. Moreover, O'Conner suggests, Russia's conquest of the city forces Riga to adopt "Eastern," which never sits comfortably with the centuries of Riga's primarily "Western" culture and nature. We are left hoping that perhaps now, as Riga sloughs off the Soviet occupation, she will once more take her rightful place in the Baltic’s panoply of prosperous ports. The House of Hemp and Butter is an impeccably-researched and very engagingly written account of Riga's fascinating social, economic, and political history. Kevin O'Connor is the Chair of History at Gonzaga University. Jennifer Eremeeva is an American expatriate writer who writes about travel, culture, cuisine and culinary history, Russian history, and Royal History, with bylines in Reuters, Fodor's, USTOA, LitHub, The Moscow Times, and Russian Life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Latvia's elegant capital, Riga, is one of Europe's best-kept secrets. Strategically located on the Eastern Baltic coast at the mouth of the River Daugava, Riga was founded in the early 13th century as a trading hub, a military outpost of the Holy Roman Empire, and a base for Roman Catholic prelates to convert both the pagan natives and the Orthodox Christians of Rus. Kevin O'Connor's new book, The House of Hemp and Butter: A History of Old Riga (Northern Illinois University Press, 2019) charts the fascinating history of Riga from the earliest days to Peter the Great's conquest of the much-coveted trading port in the early 18th century. O'Connor's book recounts in fascinating detail the personalities who shaped and dominated Riga's political and economic history. For six centuries, Riga's fortunes rose and fell in step with major political events of Europe, as the uneasy triumvirate of the church, military, and merchants balanced control and power over the city, ever hopeful to keep goods such as furs, timber, resin, and beeswax flowing from the vast Russian forest lands, through Riga and onto the rest of the known world. O'Connor introduces us to the infamous Livonian Brotherhood of the Sword — a military order of knights based in the city, canny and diplomatic prelates, and the notorious Brotherhood of the Blackfaces, one of the city's professional associations. From the outset, Riga was a multi-national and polyglot city, much as it remains today. Her membership in the Hanseatic League — the European economic fraternity, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly on trade — greatly enhanced the city's prestige and economic influence, as Germans, Poles, and other Hansa members established successful trading relationships with Riga's guilds. Riga's rapid adoption of Protestantism in the 16th century forged other strong links with her neighbors and separated her even further culturally from the growing might of Russia. Though Rigans cherished their independence, the history of their city is one of almost constant occupation or rule of a foreign power, as the larger players in the Baltic constantly fought to gain the prize that was the city on the Daugava. O’Connor’s accounts of German, Polish, and later Swedish occupations help readers understand why the city developed in the way it did. O'Connor leaves us at Riga’s nadir. As plague ravishes the war-torn city, Tsar Peter the Great captures Riga as part of his conquest of the Eastern Baltic in the Great Northern War, which established the Russian Empire as the preeminent naval power in the Baltic Sea, but relegates Riga to a second-tier trading hub. Moreover, O'Conner suggests, Russia's conquest of the city forces Riga to adopt "Eastern," which never sits comfortably with the centuries of Riga's primarily "Western" culture and nature. We are left hoping that perhaps now, as Riga sloughs off the Soviet occupation, she will once more take her rightful place in the Baltic’s panoply of prosperous ports. The House of Hemp and Butter is an impeccably-researched and very engagingly written account of Riga's fascinating social, economic, and political history. Kevin O'Connor is the Chair of History at Gonzaga University. Jennifer Eremeeva is an American expatriate writer who writes about travel, culture, cuisine and culinary history, Russian history, and Royal History, with bylines in Reuters, Fodor's, USTOA, LitHub, The Moscow Times, and Russian Life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Latvia's elegant capital, Riga, is one of Europe's best-kept secrets. Strategically located on the Eastern Baltic coast at the mouth of the River Daugava, Riga was founded in the early 13th century as a trading hub, a military outpost of the Holy Roman Empire, and a base for Roman Catholic prelates to convert both the pagan natives and the Orthodox Christians of Rus. Kevin O'Connor's new book, The House of Hemp and Butter: A History of Old Riga (Northern Illinois University Press, 2019) charts the fascinating history of Riga from the earliest days to Peter the Great's conquest of the much-coveted trading port in the early 18th century. O'Connor's book recounts in fascinating detail the personalities who shaped and dominated Riga's political and economic history. For six centuries, Riga's fortunes rose and fell in step with major political events of Europe, as the uneasy triumvirate of the church, military, and merchants balanced control and power over the city, ever hopeful to keep goods such as furs, timber, resin, and beeswax flowing from the vast Russian forest lands, through Riga and onto the rest of the known world. O'Connor introduces us to the infamous Livonian Brotherhood of the Sword — a military order of knights based in the city, canny and diplomatic prelates, and the notorious Brotherhood of the Blackfaces, one of the city's professional associations. From the outset, Riga was a multi-national and polyglot city, much as it remains today. Her membership in the Hanseatic League — the European economic fraternity, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly on trade — greatly enhanced the city's prestige and economic influence, as Germans, Poles, and other Hansa members established successful trading relationships with Riga's guilds. Riga's rapid adoption of Protestantism in the 16th century forged other strong links with her neighbors and separated her even further culturally from the growing might of Russia. Though Rigans cherished their independence, the history of their city is one of almost constant occupation or rule of a foreign power, as the larger players in the Baltic constantly fought to gain the prize that was the city on the Daugava. O’Connor’s accounts of German, Polish, and later Swedish occupations help readers understand why the city developed in the way it did. O'Connor leaves us at Riga’s nadir. As plague ravishes the war-torn city, Tsar Peter the Great captures Riga as part of his conquest of the Eastern Baltic in the Great Northern War, which established the Russian Empire as the preeminent naval power in the Baltic Sea, but relegates Riga to a second-tier trading hub. Moreover, O'Conner suggests, Russia's conquest of the city forces Riga to adopt "Eastern," which never sits comfortably with the centuries of Riga's primarily "Western" culture and nature. We are left hoping that perhaps now, as Riga sloughs off the Soviet occupation, she will once more take her rightful place in the Baltic’s panoply of prosperous ports. The House of Hemp and Butter is an impeccably-researched and very engagingly written account of Riga's fascinating social, economic, and political history. Kevin O'Connor is the Chair of History at Gonzaga University. Jennifer Eremeeva is an American expatriate writer who writes about travel, culture, cuisine and culinary history, Russian history, and Royal History, with bylines in Reuters, Fodor's, USTOA, LitHub, The Moscow Times, and Russian Life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Latvia's elegant capital, Riga, is one of Europe's best-kept secrets. Strategically located on the Eastern Baltic coast at the mouth of the River Daugava, Riga was founded in the early 13th century as a trading hub, a military outpost of the Holy Roman Empire, and a base for Roman Catholic prelates to convert both the pagan natives and the Orthodox Christians of Rus. Kevin O'Connor's new book, The House of Hemp and Butter: A History of Old Riga (Northern Illinois University Press, 2019) charts the fascinating history of Riga from the earliest days to Peter the Great's conquest of the much-coveted trading port in the early 18th century. O'Connor's book recounts in fascinating detail the personalities who shaped and dominated Riga's political and economic history. For six centuries, Riga's fortunes rose and fell in step with major political events of Europe, as the uneasy triumvirate of the church, military, and merchants balanced control and power over the city, ever hopeful to keep goods such as furs, timber, resin, and beeswax flowing from the vast Russian forest lands, through Riga and onto the rest of the known world. O'Connor introduces us to the infamous Livonian Brotherhood of the Sword — a military order of knights based in the city, canny and diplomatic prelates, and the notorious Brotherhood of the Blackfaces, one of the city's professional associations. From the outset, Riga was a multi-national and polyglot city, much as it remains today. Her membership in the Hanseatic League — the European economic fraternity, which enjoyed a virtual monopoly on trade — greatly enhanced the city's prestige and economic influence, as Germans, Poles, and other Hansa members established successful trading relationships with Riga's guilds. Riga's rapid adoption of Protestantism in the 16th century forged other strong links with her neighbors and separated her even further culturally from the growing might of Russia. Though Rigans cherished their independence, the history of their city is one of almost constant occupation or rule of a foreign power, as the larger players in the Baltic constantly fought to gain the prize that was the city on the Daugava. O’Connor’s accounts of German, Polish, and later Swedish occupations help readers understand why the city developed in the way it did. O'Connor leaves us at Riga’s nadir. As plague ravishes the war-torn city, Tsar Peter the Great captures Riga as part of his conquest of the Eastern Baltic in the Great Northern War, which established the Russian Empire as the preeminent naval power in the Baltic Sea, but relegates Riga to a second-tier trading hub. Moreover, O'Conner suggests, Russia's conquest of the city forces Riga to adopt "Eastern," which never sits comfortably with the centuries of Riga's primarily "Western" culture and nature. We are left hoping that perhaps now, as Riga sloughs off the Soviet occupation, she will once more take her rightful place in the Baltic’s panoply of prosperous ports. The House of Hemp and Butter is an impeccably-researched and very engagingly written account of Riga's fascinating social, economic, and political history. Kevin O'Connor is the Chair of History at Gonzaga University. Jennifer Eremeeva is an American expatriate writer who writes about travel, culture, cuisine and culinary history, Russian history, and Royal History, with bylines in Reuters, Fodor's, USTOA, LitHub, The Moscow Times, and Russian Life. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
We begin to learn what Estonia looked like after the Great Northern War and how Russian rule changed the lives of Estonians.
Peter the Great and young King Karl XII square off in a vie to see who can dominate the region, and more importantly for us Estonia.
In this episode of Half-Arsed History, uncover the incredible exploits of the brazen sea captain Peter Tordenskjold, who fought for Denmark-Norway against the Swedish during the Great Northern War.
Sweden is attacked on all sides by her neighbours. Severly outnumbered and with a 17 year old king, how long will she last?Check out our Twitter: https://mobile.twitter.com/flash_historyFurther Reading: Bain, R. Nisbet. Charles XII and the Collapse of the Swedish Empire, 1682–1719 (1899) Englund, Peter. Battle That Shook Europe: Poltava & the Birth of the Russian Empire Stiles, Andrina. Sweden and the Baltic 1523–1721 (Hodder & Stoughton, 1992)Music Used: Music from https://filmmusic.io "Five Armies" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) "Our Story Begins" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) "Hero Down" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)This podcast is powered by Pinecast.
Hello again and thanks for listening to Cauldron I'm your host Cullen. Today we have another whopper of a story for you but first some housekeeping. As always check us out on the social media stuff just search Cauldron on Facebook or Instagram. Please rate and review on iTunes, shout out to Persons117 for the latest review! Also, check out Patreon and become a producer for the show. A buck a month helps get research materials, production equipment, and show art. Welcome aboard to our latest producer Methuselah, thanks for your support! All right enough of the business lets get stuck in at Poltava! Let's go back 310 years to the plains of southern Ukraine, fresh of a winter so cold birds fell frozen out of the air. Charles XII of Sweden put his kingdom on the line outside a city called Poltava. After the collapse of the Teutonic knights, the Baltic region and Eastern Europe was in disarray. A power vacuum was left by the old order of crusading knights, but for some time no power emerged preeminent. Out of the madness and horrible violence of the 30 Years War emerged a Lion. Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden was one of the great commanders in history and clawed out an empire. Seemingly overnight France, England, Spain, and the Netherlands had to acknowledge a new member to their elite club. After Gustavus glorious death on the field, Sweden was set up well for the future. Large swaths of Denmark and Germany, as well as most of the Baltic region and east end of the Gulf of Finland, were under Swedish control. When Charles the 11th died the army he left behind was lithe, sinewy, and ready to be put through its paces. In the hands of a genius tactician, this army would be most formidable… This week’s main source - Peter the Great: His Life and World by Robert K. Massie Music - From Russia With Love by Huma-Huma Image by Melhaks@fiver.com Questions or Corrections - https://www.cauldronpodcast.com/sendustheories To support the show got to https://www.patreon.com/user?u=8278347 and search Cauldron Podcast For images, videos, and sources check us out on Facebook @cauldronpodcast Instagram @cauldronpodcast Spotify iTunes
Feeling hot this summer? It could be worse. In January of 1719 during the Great Northern War, six thousand troops from the Swedish army began what should have been a two-day walk back over the Norwegian border to their own empire, mentally and physically exhausted from a four-month-long losing battle. But then the snow came, and what was supposed to be a two-day hike turned into a week-long nightmare.
Welcome to Episode 1 of the Gods Own Scale podcast, where I chat to the Godfather of Six, Mr Per Broden. We discuss the Great Northern War, the Joy of Six, and how best to get a 6mm tree to stand on the slope of a hill.
war between Sweden and Russia --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app
A young king in the north. An interminable war. Old empires. New alliances. Rebellions. Twists. Palace Intrigue. A long, cold winter. But this is no fantasy series, this is the true story of the reign of King Carl XII of Sweden.
Hace mucho tiempo iniciamos la historia de la Suecia imperial hablando largo y tendido de Gustavo Adolfo, ese rey guerrero. Hoy terminamos la saga hablando de Carlos XII, otro rey guerrero que escribió el capítulo final de ese libro. Carlos XII es un rey niño. Asume la corona con quince años. Los enemigos de Suecia son muchos y están listos para despedazarla, aprovechando esta situación. Con lo que no cuentan es que Carlos XII es una especie de joven loco que lo único que le interesa es la guerra. Rápido como el meteoro, golpeará de forma decisiva donde se precise de forma. Así, rápidamente se forja la leyenda de que no puede ser derrotado. La Gran Guerra del Norte es el conflicto que lo tendrá como protagonista. Conflicto que determinó la forma del mundo hasta nuestros días. Hacer esto solos era imposible así que dos podcasts nos juntamos para lograrlo. ¡La Tortulia y Mambrú se fue a la Guerra unen fuerzas en este crossover espectacular! Imagen: Portrait of King Karl XII por RD-DD1843. Fuentes / Textos - JACOBSEN, Barry. (2017) God sides with the big batallions. The Deadliest Blogger. Military History Page. - KONSTAM, Angus. (1994) Poltava 1709: Russia comes of age. Osprey Military. ISBN: 978-1855324169. - LE BAS, Philippe. (1843) Historia de la Suecia y Noruega. - THOMPSON, Ben. Charles XII of Sweden. Badass of the Week. - VOLTAIRE. (1730) Historia de Carlos XII. Fuentes / Videos - EXTRA CREDITS. The Great Northern War. Youtube. Fuentes / Podcasts - NEWTON, Joe. (2015) The Great Northern War and Carolus Rex. Historical Intentions. - TWAMBLEY, Zack. (2017) The Great Northern War. WDF Rem* - WAGAR, Chip. (2015) Poltava and the Great Northern War. Killing Time. Sitios Web - Wikipedia Música, en orden de aparición: Tanto la versión de Caravan, como "Mambrú Rock", son temas de Juan Carlos Graña, utilizados gracias a su gentileza. Todos los derechos reservados. Infinitas gracias a él por colaborar con Mambrú se fue a la Guerra y con nosotros en este episodio.
Christian V codifies Danish Law in the late 1600s, and his successor joins forces with Russia and Poland to break the Swedish Empire – and we visit the colonies! https://archive.org/download/Episode23TheGreatNorthernWarAndTheColonies/Episode%2023%20-%20The%20Great%20Northern%20War%20and%20the%20colonies.mp3
As tensions escalate in the north, an insurgency embarks on a campaign to gain credibility as an alternative to Phoenix Alliance-led governance in the northern regions. And on the far northern front of the war, a unique military group called Band of Brothers is formed.
In the wake of the Venal Civil War, pirate invasions beset the northern regions and spark leadership changes in Venal. The ascendant northern power - the Phoenix Alliance - seeks to take control of the mayhem and unite the tumultuous northerners into a single grand alliance.
Remember this? While the war for the Spanish throne waged, those darned eastern Europeans just couldn't keep quite either. In actual fact, this was a war of profound significance for the future of our world, as the two empires of Russia and Sweden collided, in a contest where only one could emerge victorious. Give it a listen and let me know what you all thought! Remember also history friends, to make sure that you BEFIT! Visit our website www.wdfpodcast.com Follow us on Twitter @wdfpodcast Find us on Patreon by going to www.patreon.com/WhenDiplomacyFails See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
It seemed as though nothing could stop the advance of Charles XII, with a Polish candidate of his choosing on the throne, Denmark peaced out and only Russia remaining a burden. Rather than make a peace though, Charles remained focused on taking the fight to Moscow, and this would prove to be the worst mistake of his life. Remember also history friends, to make sure that you BEFIT! Visit our website www.wdfpodcast.com Follow us on Twitter @wdfpodcast Find us on Patreon by going to www.patreon.com/WhenDiplomacyFails See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
We're joined by Mark Schauss to give us a whirlwind tour of Russian history. Mark is the host of the Russian Rulers History Podcast: http://russianrulers.podhoster.com/ Mark attended Queens College in New York, studied Russian History and Economics, got his doctorate in Business. Lecturer on cognitive function, environmental health, other medical issues, and also Russian History! We walk through how Russia has dealt with its neighbors and the world, through the Mongols, the Great Northern War, the Napoleonic War, the later 1800s, WWI, WWII, the Cold War, and post-Cold War. It's a ton of fun. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
This is a history podcast, and in this episode we focus on the Great Northern War, Carolus Rex (or King Karl XII) and Sweden. What makes this podcast unique is the analyzing of the intentions of the King.
The Great Northern War pitted the Swedish Empire at the peak of its power against its southern and eastern neighbors, Denmark, Poland-Lithuania, Saxony and seemingly weak and backward Russia in a war that raged from 1700-1721. The Swedish army was the terror of Europe and was led by Sweden's young king, Charles XII, who had ascended the throne at the age of 18 when his father suddenly died. In the opening years of the war, Sweden systematically crushed each enemy in turn, beginning with Denmark who surrendered after only four months of contending with Charles' military killing machine. One by one every kingdom withdrew from the war until there was only one. The weakness and backwardness of Russia's armies were also exposed early in the war at Narva when Sweden's army routed a Russian force three times its size, but withdrawing into its vast hinterland, Tsar Peter the Great completely reorganized his army. By 1709, Peter was ready for a showdown with the "invincible" army of Sweden at Poltava. The complete triumph of Russia over Sweden in this unusual battle marked the entry of Russia into Great Power status in Europe, a status that continues to this day. Listen to how the world was forever changed in this titanic contest over two decades and the story of two young monarchs thrust by history into greatness and tragedy.
In this episode we look at Shadows of Brimstone, Beer Crafters, Swedish Army of the Great Northern War, and Cthulhu Bicycle Playing Cards. Show notes and links: Shadows of Brimstone by Flying Frog Productions — Kickstarter (kickstarter.com). Brew Crafters: A Board Game About Making Beer by Dice Hate Me Games — Kickstarter (kickstarter.com). Swedish Army of the Great Northern War by Ebor miniatures by Nicholas Wragg — Kickstarter (kickstarter.com). NEW Cthulhu Bicycle® Playing Card Decks by Dann Kriss — Kickstarter (kickstarter.com).
The origins of the Great Northern War can be traced back to the Swedish involvement in the Thirty Years War and later in the the First Northern War of 1655-60 between Sweden and Poland. Outcomes of these conflicts made the Baltic Sweden's "internal sea". This antagonised Sweden's neighbours. Russian interests were greatly affected as the access to the Baltic Sea and its trade routes were now under threat from the Swedish Navy. Dur: 19mins File: .mp3
The Battle of Poltava is a seminal moment in Russian history destined to change the country forever. Peter accomplishes this while building St. Petersburg.
Peter, fresh from his Great Embassy, embarks on the Great Northern War against Sweden.
This 130th episode is titled Up North, Then South.This is the last episode in which we take a look at The Church in Europe following the Enlightenment. The narrative is nowhere near exhausTIVE. It's more an exhaustING summary of Scandinavia, the Dutch United Provinces, Austria, and Italy. We've already looked at Germany, France, and Spain.The end of the 17th century proved to be a brutal time in Scandinavia. Some 60% of the population died from 1695-7 due to warfare and the disease and famine of its aftermath. As if they hadn't had enough misery, the Great Northern War of 1700–1721 then followed. In the desperation of the times, Lutherans provide devotionals offering hope and comfort, while calling for prayer and repentance.Along with northern Germany -- Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland were Lutheran strongholds. Citizens were required to swear loyalty to a Lutheran State Church in league with absolutist monarchs.But during the Great Northern War, Swedish King Charles XII suffered a massive defeat by the Russian armies of Peter the Great. Sweden lost large tracts of land and the throne lost clout with the people. A so-called “Age of Liberty” followed that lasted most of the rest of the 18th century. The Swedish Parliament gained power and reformers gave a rationalist slant to Swedish education. They battled with Lutheran clergy who wanted to retain some theology in the education of Sweden's young.Many returning captured Swedes imprisoned in Russia, had converted to Pietism by missionaries sent by Francke and the University at Halle we talked about last time. The soldiers became advocates for Pietism back home. Moravians also promoted revivals in Scandinavia.After a grab for power in 1772, Gustavus III nullified the Swedish Constitution restraining the reach of royal power. He imposed a new Constitution designed to reinforce Lutheranism as the basis of government. He said, “Unanimity in religion, and the true divine worship, is the surest basis of a lawful, concordant, and stable government.” But in 1781, limited toleration came to Sweden when other Protestant groups were once again allowed. Catholicism, however, remained banned.From 1609, when the Dutch won their liberty from Spain, until Louis XIVth's invasion in 1672, the Dutch United Provinces had its “Golden Age” and enjoyed what Simon Schama called an “embarrassment of riches.” This was due mostly to their lucrative international trade and free market economy. The Dutch eschewed the traditional monarchy dominating the rest of Europe in favor of a far more egalitarian Parliamentary system.Amsterdam was a thriving commercial and cultural center. Its population more than doubled from 1600 to 1800. Amsterdam's docks were always packed. Its warehouses stuffed with goods from all over the world and the trade of the massive and powerful Dutch East India Company. From its earliest days, this trading enterprise supported Reformed missionary work at posts in the Malay Archipelago, Sri Lanka, and South Africa. In July 1625, Dutch traders established New Amsterdam, later known as New York City.The United Provinces were intellectual a religious crossroads for Europe through its universities, publishing houses, and churches. Protestant students from Germany, Finland, and France flocked there to study at the University of Leiden and other schools.The main task of the faculty at the University of Leiden was the study of Scriptures. Its chief professor was Joseph Scaliger whose knowledge of the classics and biblical textual criticism made him one of Europe's premier scholars. Others notable scholars were scholars included Arminius and Gomarus.As many of our listeners know, the 17th century was the Dutch golden age of art. Thousands of painters created millions of paintings with scenes ranging from battles and landscapes, to churches, still life, and portraits. Among the more famous masters were Rembrandt, Frans Hal, and Vermeer. But by the 18th century, the quality of Dutch art had somewhat fallen.The Dutch Reformed Church affirmed the 1561 Belgic Confession of Faith. It addressed topics ranging from the Trinity, the work of Christ, and the sacraments, to Church-State relations. Although the Reformed Church was the “official” faith, the United Provinces were known for their toleration of other groups. That didn't mean there weren't heated theological rows. Two parties emerged in the Dutch Reformed Church: the “precise” Calvinists who wanted churches to possess binding doctrinal authority, and the “loose or moderate” Calvinists who desired greater freedom of religious thought.The Dutch Provinces often served as a haven for those seeking relief from persecution in other parts of Europe. Amsterdam was a notable home to a large Jewish community. Some 70,000 French Huguenots took refuge there and married into the populace. An Anabaptist community flourished. Religious dissidents like Baruch Spinoza and Anthony Collins, an exile from England, weren't much respected but they were at least not beat up.Many Europeans admired the Dutch Republic for its successful war of liberation from the Spanish, its egalitarian government, as well as its vital free market economy. By 1675, there were fifty-five printing presses and 200 booksellers in Amsterdam, adding to the burgeoning base of middle-class scholars.During the 18th century, the Dutch, while continuing to be officially Reformed, saw an increase in the number of those they'd been less tolerant toward; namely=Catholics, Dissenters, and Jews. Revivals frequently passed through more rural domains. In 1749 and 50, emotionally-charged revival meetings took place with the ministry of Gerard Kuypers. Villages in the Netherlands and nearby Germany experienced similar revivals.In a foreshadowing of Intelligent Design and the fine-tuning of the universe arguments, a number of Dutch theologian-scientists wrote works in which they sought to demonstrate that the intricacy of designs in nature prove God's existence. Until the 1770s, the Reformed Church played a dominant role in Dutch public life. Some 60% of the population was Reformed, 35% Catholic, 5% percent Anabaptists and Jews.There really never was a Dutch version of the Enlightenment. Most of its participants never espoused a militant atheism, but sought to accommodate their faith to educational reforms and religious toleration. They appreciated the new science and advances in technology.Now we turn back to Geneva; adopted home of John Calvin.During the early 1750s, Geneva was the home of both Voltaire and Rousseau, well-known Enlightenment thinkers and scoffers at Christianity.Several of Geneva's pastors proposed a reasonable and tolerant form of Christianity that warmed to some of the more liberal Enlightenment ideas. This was a huge turn from the position of Francis Turretin who in the mid-17th century, led the Reformed and conservative theologians of Geneva to the idea that the City was a theocracy with God as its ruler. Turretin said the government ought defend “the culture of pure religion and the pious care of nurturing the church.” Turretin's party defended the Masoretic pointing of the Hebrew text, making this belief binding on the Swiss church. These pastors feared if Hebrew vowels were left out, the Hebrew words of the Old Testament were susceptible to interpretations that varied from those they approved. They also tried to force pastoral candidates to repudiate the doctrine of “universal grace” being championed by an emerging class of theologians.But in 1706 Turretin's son, Jean, repudiated his father's work and embraced a more liberal theology that advocated the role of reason in determining truth. He denied his father's soteriology, doctrine of salvation, and eschewed limited atonement. By the 1720s, Arminianism had taken firm root in Geneva.In Feb, 1670, the Hapsburg, Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and a devout Roman Catholic, ordered all Jews to leave Austrian lands. Vienna became a major center of cultural. After the defeat of the Turks, it's population boomed, growing from about 100K in 1700 to twice that 80 years later. The construction of the Schwarzenberg and Schönberg Palaces enhanced its prestige while the music of Haydn and Mozart made Vienna famous across Europe.The Hapsburg Emperors Joseph I and Charles VI supported Jesuit missionary efforts to convert Protestants. Jesuits created a baroque Catholic culture in Austria and Bohemia with the construction of magnificent churches in cities and the countryside.Though loyally Catholic, the Hapsburgs rejected the pope's interference in Austria's religious and political life. They'd proven their devotion to Rome when in 1683, Leopold saved The Church from the Turks. Austria was the “rock” on which the Catholic Church was built. It was the Hapsburgs who saved the faith form the infidel, not the pope.In October of 1740, at the death of her father, Maria Theresa took the titles Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Bohemia, and Queen of Hungary. In 1745, her husband, Francis Stephen, became the Holy Roman Emperor under the name Francis I. Disturbed by the Prussian Frederick II's seizure of Silesia, Maria Theresa attempted to reform the military and governmental structures of Austria after Enlightenment ideals. She became the proponent of what's called “Enlightened Absolutism.” At the same time, she was ready to apply repressive measures against those who resisted her reforms. On one occasion she warned that he is “no friend to humanity who allows everyone his own thoughts.”Maria Theresa was a devout Catholic influenced by counselors favorable to Jansenism. With the advice of her chancellor, she tried to establish a national Catholic Church in which the pope had authority only in spiritual matters.Maria Theresa did not allow Protestants to sell their property or leave her lands. She required those who refused to convert to Catholicism to emigrate to Transylvania, where Protestantism was permitted. Nor did Maria Theresa intercede to save the Jesuits when their society was dissolved. She allowed 2000 Protestants to live in Vienna, but she forced the city's Jews to live in a ghetto.Upon the death of Maria Theresa, Joseph II passed Edicts of Toleration that allowed greater freedoms for non-Catholics and continued the policy of subjugating Church power to that of the State. He confiscated the property of over 700 monasteries, displacing 27,000 monks and nuns and used the proceeds to build new churches.Like Germany, during the 18th century, Italy didn't exist as a nation as we know it. It was a hodge-podge of various principalities. They didn't even share a common language.The population of the peninsula grew from eleven to fifteen million in the first half of the century. But in the 1760's a severe famine struck Florence, Rome, and Naples.The region of Tuscany was a hot-bed of the Jansenists who, as you'll remember, were a kind of Calvinist-Catholics.A handful of Italian academics promoted rationalist views in the Catholic church, eliminating what they regarded as backward features of Italian culture. But the Enlightenment just didn't gain the traction in Italy it did in the rest of Europe.The popes of the 18th century had difficulty dealing with the now powerful secular rulers of Europe, no longer threatened by Church power or political machinations.Even the Papal States were frequently invaded by foreign powers. Conquerors only left after they'd secured hefty ransoms. Popes were forced to make concessions that made their weakness evident to all. Despite that, Rome continued to attract large numbers of pilgrims, students, and artists. Pilgrims hoped for a blessing from the Pope or a healing while visiting the many shrines.Then there were the youth on the Grand Tour, as it was called. They were most often graduates of Cambridge, Oxford, the University of Paris or some other school who headed to Italy to gain knowledge in classical culture. In 1776, Samuel Johnson underscored the importance of Italy as a destination for those making the Grand Tour: “A man who has not been in Italy, is always conscious of an inferiority. The grand object of traveling is to see the shores of the Mediterranean. On those shores were the four great Empires of the world; the Assyrian, the Persian, the Grecian, and the Roman.”Several popes supported the establishment of academies, colleges, and universities and encouraged general scholarship. Under their generous patronage Rome's artistic riches in painting, sculpture, music, and monuments flourished. Pope Clement XI initiated plans for the Trevi Fountain and the Spanish Steps in the early 18th century.But to give you an idea of how the tables had turned and now kings dominated popes, it was this same Clement, who became a pawn in the hands of Emperor Joseph I and Louis XIV. Louis forced Clement to issue a papal bull dealing with the Jesuit-Jansenist controversy.Papal prestige suffered seriously during the French Revolution. Pope Pius VI was obliged to condemn the “Declaration of the Rights of Man” as well as the “Civil Constitution of the Clergy.” This split the French between those revolutionaries who wanted to throw off the Absolutist government of the French monarchy but maintain their Catholicism, and those French who wanted to be done with religion as well.Bottom Line: The Enlightenment witnessed serious challenges to both the papacy's temporal and spiritual authority.
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