Podcasts about Scandinavia

In this episode, Alan is joined by Dr. James Dodd, a researcher at Aarhus University and board member of the Scandinavian Society for Prehistoric Art. James uses digital tools such as GIS and high-performance computing to document and analyse rock art across Scandinavia. His work reveals how prehistoric communities expressed ideas through imagery and symbolism and how modern technology can uncover patterns and connections hidden across the landscape.TranscriptsFor a rough transcript head over to: https://www.archaeologypodcastnetwork.com/rockart/156LinksDr James Dodd Academia ProfileScandinavian Society of Prehistoric ArtContactDr. Alan Garfinkelavram1952@yahoo.comDr. Alan Garfinkel's WebsiteSupport Dr. Garfinkel on PatreonArchPodNetAPN Website: https://www.archpodnet.comAPN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnetAPN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnetAPN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnetAPN ShopAffiliates and SponsorsMotion Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

There were multiple waves of migration from Egypt and the Levant into Europe. The tribe of Dan and others settled in Greece and at Troy, eventually spreading to Scandinavia and Britain. These lands settled by the lost tribes of Israel later play a crucial role in the spread of the gospel, as well as the propagation of the uncorrupted message in the last days. VF-2359 Watch, Listen and Learn 24x7 at PastorMelissaScott.com Pastor Melissa Scott teaches from Faith Center in Glendale. Call 1-800-338-3030 24x7 to leave a message for Pastor Scott. You may make reservations to attend a live service, leave a prayer request or make a commitment. Pastor Scott appreciates messages and reads them often during live broadcasts. Follow @Pastor_Scott on Twitter and visit her official Facebook page @Pastor.M.Scott. Download Pastor Scott's "Understand the Bible" app for iPhone, iPad and iPod at the Apple App Store and for Android devices in the Google Store. Pastor Scott can also be seen 24x7 on Roku and Amazon Fire on the "Understand the Bible?" channel. ©2025 Pastor Melissa Scott, Ph.D., All Rights Reserved

In this episode, Alan is joined by Dr. James Dodd, a researcher at Aarhus University and board member of the Scandinavian Society for Prehistoric Art. James uses digital tools such as GIS and high-performance computing to document and analyse rock art across Scandinavia. His work reveals how prehistoric communities expressed ideas through imagery and symbolism and how modern technology can uncover patterns and connections hidden across the landscape.TranscriptsFor a rough transcript head over to: https://www.archaeologypodcastnetwork.com/rockart/156LinksDr James Dodd Academia ProfileScandinavian Society of Prehistoric ArtContactDr. Alan Garfinkelavram1952@yahoo.comDr. Alan Garfinkel's WebsiteSupport Dr. Garfinkel on PatreonArchPodNetAPN Website: https://www.archpodnet.comAPN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnetAPN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnetAPN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnetAPN ShopAffiliates and SponsorsMotion Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Casualty estimates indicate that nearly half of all soldiers engaged were killed or wounded, making the Battle of Lund one of the bloodiest engagements ever fought on Scandinavian ...

What happened after Luther's 95 Theses? In this episode, we trace the explosive spread of Protestantism across Europe—from the Lutheran state churches of Germany and Scandinavia to the persecuted Reformed communities of France. Dr. Alan Strange guides us through the wars of religion, the Formula of Concord, and the complex church-state entanglements that shaped the legacy of the Reformation. Discover how the Reformed tradition adapted to kingdoms, city republics, and hostile territories alike, and learn about the tragic St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre that nearly destroyed French Protestantism. This is the story of how a theological movement became a continental transformation—complete with political intrigue, bloodshed, and the struggle to establish Protestant churches across a resistant Europe.

Thomas Edward M resumes work on the Oral History Project. But Slumberland Island isn't the current focus. A very different sort of island sits on the edge of Scandinavia, in foreboding, frozen waters where sea monsters dwell. More about Slumberland at this link. Whit Pistil performed by Heidi Fischer. Dive into Heidi's performance work here, including the podcast Your Local Time Travelers. The song "Man Ray Lives" by Agent-X from the album Rituals. The sound design in this episode owes thanks to Freesound Project contributors: cobratronik, cameronmusic, setuniman, prokur, klankbeeld, foolboymedia, duophonic, kwahmah, thanvannispen,gladkiy, tmd17, barnararbunny, osfx, blukotek, itsthatroboguy, icyjim, craigsmith, lilmati, kyles, akelley6, Jovica, djones, waveletaudio, tosha73, dreeme, craig5595, nervousneal, dankn2, lorefold, theplax, nox_sound, ravenwolfprods, abir19, leachlurker, laurenponder, kevp888, trader_one,musicbymisterbates, audiocoffee, mrshoes, christmaskrumble666, andrewkn, diedesound, beabuff, numerocuatro, artninja, kirkrcater, geoff-bremner-audio, lord_tarkus, greenlinker, alixtwix6, richwise, mordeby, audiopapkin, horvi64. Thank YOU for listening to Slumberland!

Dr. Colin Robertson suggests we look at our lives on a day to day basis making sure that we are "earning our dopamine" in a way that creates long term benefits, mixing nature into our daily routine, and creating health that allows us to wake up painless.Some key takeaways from the conversation:Health, wellness, and fitness are fundamental building blocks of a life worth living, more important than financial wealthPhysical health enables people to fully experience life and create lasting memoriesThe gut is "the center of the human universe" - optimizing gut health has multiplying effects on all other aspects of healthNatural, unprocessed foods are essential for proper gut function and overall healthActive experiences in nature create deeper, more lasting neural connections than passive screen-based activitiesTesting gut health provides objective data to guide personalized health improvementsDr. Colin Robertson (Dr. Col) is an environmental physiologist with a PhD in Exercise Physiology who helps translate cutting-edge sport science into practical strategies for athletes, adventurers, and everyday health seekers. For more than two decades, he has helped shape health strategies and standards for organizations worldwide, including EuropeActive, UKactive, and the National Health Service. A specialist in human performance and sports science, he has coached and prepared global adventurers to tackle extraordinary challenges, from climbing Everest to rowing the Atlantic, and supported athletes in strength and conditioning across various sports, including rugby, wrestling, and wheelchair basketball, in national and international competitions. He is an accredited Strength and Conditioning Coach (UKSCA), accredited Kinanthropometrist, and a qualified Nutritionalist, blending elite-level sport science and clinical health research into practical lifestyle strategies. His research is widely published in peer-reviewed scientific journals, including co-authoring the notable Sleep and the Athlete: Narrative Review and 2021 Expert Consensus Recommendations (British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2021). He also co-hosts the Common Knowledge podcast, a go-to channel for useful and meaningful health and lifestyle information that is free and accessible to everyone. Zinzino is a global health tech company from Scandinavia, pioneering products and services in the health and wellness space for over two decades. Driving a new standard in personal health, the company's test-based, personalized nutrition approach provides tools for a healthier future by enabling individuals to take charge of their personal well-being through science-based insights and targeted solutions. Offerings include a portfolio of advanced at-home health tests and an extensive range of nutritional supplements scientifically proven to meet individual needs. Visit ConfidenceThroughHealth.com to find discounts to some of our favorite products.Follow me via All In Health and Wellness on Facebook or Instagram.Find my books on Amazon: No More Sugar Coating: Finding Your Happiness in a Crowded World and Confidence Through Health: Live the Healthy Lifestyle God DesignedProduction credit: Social Media Cowboys

A first cruise is a crash course in what you value when you travel. From a lively launch in San Juan to five Caribbean ports in seven days, we share the joy of bioluminescent kayaking, the calm of a French-side beach on Saint Martin, and the green, mountainous bliss of Grenada and Dominica. We also get candid about a tougher moment in Saint Lucia, where constant vendor pressure cut a solo city walk short—and how a simple plan with a vetted driver could have changed the day.We dig into the money side most people underestimate. Solo supplements can double a fare, but there are smart workarounds: Virgin Voyages frequently offers better pricing and social programming for singles; Norwegian and select Royal Caribbean ships have limited studio cabins; Silversea reduces single supplements on some sailings. Beyond the sticker price, budget for gratuities, specialty dining, fitness classes, laundry, Wi‑Fi, and excursions—or pick a more inclusive line to avoid the nickel-and-dime feeling. If you're wondering whether to book excursions at every stop, learn from our missteps: sometimes one well-chosen experience or a simple plan with a trusted local driver beats a packed bus and crowded viewpoints.The real key is matching the cruise to who you are. If big crowds drain you, consider smaller ships or river cruises like AmaWaterways. If sand isn't your happy place, look to Alaska or Scandinavia for fjords, hikes, and cooler air. Traveling with a friend? Set expectations upfront—sleep rhythms, alone time, and activity choices—so the cabin is shared but the day can be flexible. We close by looking ahead to Scandinavia as a better fit for our hiking-first style and invite you to think about your own 2026 plans.If this helped you plan smarter, follow the show, share it with a friend who's cruise-curious, and leave a quick review to tell us where you want to sail next.Support the showhttps://www.cherylbeckesch.com hello@cherylbeckesch.com Instagram @solotraveladventures50

Allen and Yolanda discuss Statkraft’s workforce cuts and sale of its Swedish offshore wind projects. They also cover ORE Catapult’s partnership with Bladena to conduct torsional testing on an 88-meter blade, and the upcoming Wind Energy O&M Australia conference. Register for ORE Catapult’s Offshore Wind Supply Chain Spotlight event! Visit CICNDT to learn more! Sign up now for Uptime Tech News, our weekly email update on all things wind technology. This episode is sponsored by Weather Guard Lightning Tech. Learn more about Weather Guard’s StrikeTape Wind Turbine LPS retrofit. Follow the show on Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, Linkedin and visit Weather Guard on the web. And subscribe to Rosemary Barnes’ YouTube channel here. Have a question we can answer on the show? Email us! You are listening to the Uptime Wind Energy Podcast brought to you by build turbines.com. Learn, train, and be a part of the Clean Energy Revolution. Visit build turbines.com today. Now here’s your hosts, Alan Hall, Joel Saxon, Phil Totaro, and Rosemary Barnes. Allen Hall: Welcome to the Uptime Wind Energy Podcast. I’m your host, Allen Hall in the Queen city of Charlotte, North Carolina. I have Yolanda Padron in of all places, Austin, Texas. We’re together to talk to this week’s news and there’s a lot going on, but before we do, I want to highlight that Joel Saxon and I will be in Edinburgh, Scotland for the re Catapult UK offshore supply chain spotlight. That’s on December 11th, which is a Thursday. We’re gonna attend that event. We’re excited to meet with everybody. Over in the UK and in Scotland. Um, a lot of people that we know and have been on the podcast over a number of years [00:01:00] are gonna be at that event. If you’re interested in attending the OE Catapult UK Offshore Supply Chain spotlight, just Google it. It’s really inexpensive to attend, and I hope to see most of you there, Yolanda. There’s some big news over in Scandinavia today, uh, as, as we’re reading these stories, uh, the Norwegian State owned Utility Stack Craft, and it’s also one of Europe’s largest renewable energy companies. As, uh, as we know, I’ve been spending a lot of money in new markets and new technologies. Uh, they are in electric vehicle charging biofuels and some offshore wind development. Off the eastern coast of Sweden. So between Finland and Sweden, they’re also involved in district heating. So Stack Craft’s a really large company with a broad scope, uh, but they’re running into a little bit of financial difficulty. And this past July, they announced some [00:02:00] workforce reductions, and those are starting to kick in. They have 168 fewer employees, uh, by the end of this third quarter. 330 more expected to leave by the end of the year when all the dive are complete. This is the worrisome part. Roughly 1000 people will longer work for the company. Now, as part of the restructuring of Stack Craft, they are going to or have sold their offshore portfolio to Zephyr Renewable. Which is another Norwegian company. So Stack Craft is the Norwegian state owned renewable energy company. Zephyr is an independent company, far as I can tell my recollection that’s the case. So they agreed to acquire the bot, the uh, offshore Sigma and Lambda North projects, which makes Zephyr the largest offshore wind developer. Sweden, not Norway, [00:03:00] in Sweden. Obviously there’s some regulatory approvals that need to happen to make this go, but it does seem like Norway still is heavily involved in Sweden. Yolanda, with all the movement in offshore wind, we’re seeing big state owned companies. Pulling themselves out of offshore wind and looks like sort of free market, capitalistic companies are going head first into offshore wind. How does that change the landscape and what should we be expecting here over the next year or two? Yolanda Padron: We, we’ve seen a large reduction in the, the workforce in offshore wind in all of these state owned companies that you mentioned. Uh, something that I think will be really interesting to see will be that different approach. Of, you know, having these companies be a bit more like traditional corporations that you see, not necessarily having them, [00:04:00] um, be so tied to whatever politically is happening in the government at the moment, or whatever is happening between governments at a time, um, and seeing exactly what value. The different aspects of a company are bringing into what that company is making into, um, what, uh, the revenue of that company is, and not just kind of what is, what is considered to be the best way forward by governments. Do you agree? Is that something that you’re sensing too? Allen Hall: The COP 30 just wrapped down in the rainforest of Brazil, and there has not been a lot of agreement news coming out of that summit. Uh, I think next year it’s gonna move to Turkey, but Australia’s involved heavily. It was supposed to be in Adelaide at one point and then it’s moved to Turkey. [00:05:00] So there doesn’t seem to be a lot of consensus globally about what should be happening for renewables, and it feels like. The state owned companies are, uh, getting heavily leveraged and losing money trying to get their footing back underneath of them, so they’re gonna have to divest of something to get back to the core of what they were doing. That’s an interesting development because I think one of the question marks regarding sort of these state owned companies was how fast were they willing to develop the technology? How much risk were they willing to take? Being backed by governments gets a little political at times, right? So they, they want to have a, a steady stream of revenue coming from these operations. And when they don’t, the politicians step in and, uh, lean on the company is a good bit. Does the move to more, uh, standalone companies that are investing sort of venture capital money and bank money taking loans? I assume most of this [00:06:00] does that. Change how the offshore industry looks at itself. One and two, what the OEMs are thinking. Because if they were going to sell to an TED or an Ecuador, or a stack raft or vattenfall, any of them, uh, you know, when you’re going to that sales discussion that they’re backed by billions and billions and billions of, of kroner or whatever the, the currency is. So you may not have to. Really be aggressive on pricing. Now you’re dealing with companies that are heavily leveraged and don’t have that banking of a government. Do you think there’s gonna be a tightening of what that marketplace looks like or more pressure to go look towards China for offshore wind turbines? Yolanda Padron: It’ll definitely get a bit more audited internally, exactly what decisions are made and and how objective teams are. I think that there’s. [00:07:00] In all of the companies that you mentioned, there’s some semblance of things that maybe happened because of what was going on politically or, or because of ties that certain governments had to each other, or certain governments had to specific corporations, um, which was a, a great way for those companies to operate at the time and what was, what made sense. But now that it’s. A third party who genuinely, you know, needs that cash flow in from that business or that part of the business, it’ll, I think you’ll definitely start seeing some, some greater efficiencies going on within Allen Hall: these teams. Well, I would hope so. If you think about the way the United States moved pre, uh, the current administration. There were a number of US based companies sort of going 50 50 on a lot of the [00:08:00] offshore development, and then they slowly started backing away. The only one that’s still really in it is Dominion, was the coastal offshore, um, coastal Virginia offshore wind project that is still progressing at a good pace. But, uh, everybody else that was involved in, and they’re not the same kind of structure as an Ecuador is. They’re not, uh, there’s kinda state-owned entities in the United States and states can’t have deficits, unlike nations can. So the US deficit obviously is massively large, but state deficits don’t really exist. So those electric companies can’t get highly leveraged where they’re gonna bleed cash. It’s just not a thing. It’s gonna happen. So I think I saw the precursors to some of this offshore turbulence happening in the United States as the. They didn’t see a lot of profit coming from the state electric companies. That seems to be flowing into Europe now pretty heavily. That started about six months [00:09:00] ago. How are they gonna structure some of these offshore projects now? Are they just gonna put them on hold and wait for interest rates to come down so that the margins go up? Is is that really the play? Is that you have the plot of land? You already have all the, the filings and the paperwork and authorization to do a project at some point, is it just now a matter of waiting where the time is? Right. Financially, Yolanda Padron: that question will be answered by each specific company and see what, what makes sense to them. I don’t think that it makes sense to stall projects that if you already have the permits in, if you already have everything in, and just to, to see when the time is right, because. Everything’s been ramping up to that moment, right? Like, uh, the water’s always already flowing. Um, but it, it’ll, it’ll definitely be interesting to see what approach, like where, where each company finds themselves. I, they’ll have to rely on [00:10:00] what information has come out in the past and maybe try to analyze it, try to see exactly where things went wrong, or try to pinpoint what. Decisions to not make. Again, knowing what they know now, but with everything already flowing and everything already in queue, it’ll have to be something that’s done sooner rather than later to not lose any of that momentum of the projects because they’re not reinventing the wheel. Allen Hall: Siemens is developing what a 20 odd megawatt, offshore turbine? 22 megawatt, if I remember right. 21, 22. Something in there. Obviously Ming Yang and some others are talking about upwards of 15 megawatts in the turbine. If you have a lot of capital at risk and not a lot of government backing in it, are you going to step down and stay in the 15 megawatt range offshore because there’s some little bit of history, or are you gonna just roll the dice? Some new technology knowing that you can get the, the dollar per megawatt [00:11:00] down. If you bought a Chinese wind turbine, put it in the water. Do you roll that? Do you roll that dice and take the risk? Or is the safer bet and maybe the financing bet gonna play out easier by using a Vestus 15 megawatt turbine or a Siemens older offshore turbine that has a track record with it. Yolanda Padron: I think initially it’ll have to be. Using what’s already been established and kind of the devil, you know? Right. I, I think it’ll, there’s a lot of companies that are coming together and, and using what’s done in the field and what operational information they have to be able to, to. Take that information and to create new studies that could be done on these new blades, on these new technologies, uh, to be able to take that next step into innovation without compromising any [00:12:00] of the, of the money, any of the aspects really like lowering your risk Allen Hall: portfolio. Yeah. ’cause the risk goes all the way down to the OEMs, right. If the developer fails and the OEM doesn’t get paid. It, it’s a. Catastrophic down the chain event that Siemens investors are looking to avoid, obviously. So they’re gonna be also looking at the financing of these companies to decide whether they’re going to sell them turbines and. The question comes up is how much are they gonna ask for a deposit before they will deliver the first turbine? It may be most of the money up front. Uh, it generally is, unless you’re a big developer. So this is gonna be an interesting, uh, turning point for the offshore wind industry. And I know in 2026 we’re gonna see a lot more news about it, and probably some names we haven’t heard of in a while. Coming back into offshore wind. Don’t miss the UK Offshore Wind Supply Chain Spotlight 2025 in Edinburg on December 11th. Over 550 delegates and 100 exhibitors will be at this game changing event. [00:13:00] Connect with decision makers, explore market ready innovations and secure the partnerships to accelerate your growth. Register now and take your place at the center of the UK’s offshore Wind future. Just visit supply chain spotlight.co.uk and register today. Well, as we all know, the offshore wind industry has sort of a problem, which is now starting to come more prevalent, which is the first generation of offshore wind turbines that prove that the technology could work at scale or getting old. We’re also developing a lot of new wind turbines, so the blade links are getting much longer. We don’t have a lot of design history on them. Decommissioning is expensive. Of course, anything offshore is expensive. What if we can make those blades last longer offshore, how would we do that? Well, that question has come up a number of times at many of the, the conferences that I have attended, and it looks like ORI Catapult, which is based in the UK and has their test center [00:14:00] in Blythe, England, is working with Blade Dina, which is a Danish engineering company that’s now owned by Res. So if you haven’t. Seeing anything from Blade Dina, you’re not paying attention. You should go to the website and check them out. Uh, they have all kinds of great little technology and I call it little technology, but innovative technology to make blades last longer. So some really cool things from the group of Blade Dina, but they’re gonna be working with re catapult to test an 88 meter blade for torsion. And I’m an electrical engineer. I’m gonna admit it up front, Yolanda. I don’t know a lot about torsional testing. I’ve seen it done a little bit on aircraft wings, but I haven’t seen it done on wind turbine blades. And my understanding, talking to a lot of blade experts like yourself is when you start to twist a blade, it’s not that easy to simulate the loads of wind loads that would happen normally on a turbine in the laboratory. Yolanda Padron: Absolutely. I think this is going to be so [00:15:00] exciting as someone in operations, traditionally in operations, uh, because I think a lot of the, the technology that we’ve seen so far and the development of a lot of these wind projects has been from teams that are very theory based. And so they’ve, they’ve seen what simulations can be done on a computer, and those are great and those are perfect, but. As everyone knows, the world is a crazy place. And so there’s so many factors that you might not even think to consider before going into operations and operating this, uh, wind farm for 10, 20 years. And so something that Blade Dina is doing is bringing a lot of that operational information and seeing, like applying that to the blade testing to be able to, to get us to. The next step of being able to innovate while knowing a little bit [00:16:00]more of what exactly you’re putting on there and not taking as big a risk. Allen Hall: Does the lack of torsional testing increase the risk? Because if you listen to, uh, a, a lot of blade structure people, one of the things that’s discussed, and Blaina has been working on this for a couple of years, I went back. Two or three years to see what some of the discussions were. They’ve been working with DTU for quite a while, but Dina has, uh, but they think that some of the aging issues are really related to torsion, not to flap wise or edgewise movement of the blade, if that’s the case, particularly on longer blades, newer blades, where they’re lighter. If that’s the case, is there momentum in the industry to create a standard on how to. Do this testing because I, I know it’s gonna be difficult. I, I can imagine all the people from Blaina that are working on it, and if you’ve met the Blaina folk, there [00:17:00] are pretty bright people and they’ve been working with DTU for a number of years. Everybody in this is super smart. But when you try to get something into an IEC standard, you try to simplify where it can be repeatable. Is this. Uh, is it even possible to get a repeatable torsion test or is it gonna be very specific to the blade type and, or it is just gonna be thousands of hours of engineering even to get to a torsion test? Yolanda Padron: I think right now it’ll be the thousands of hours of engineering that we’re seeing, which isn’t great, but hopefully soon there, there could be some sort of. A way to, to get all of these teams together and to create a bit of a more robust standard. Of course, these standards aren’t always perfect. We’ve seen that in, in other aspects such as lightning, but it at least gets you a starting point to, to be able to, to have everyone being compliance with, with a similar [00:18:00] testing parameters. Allen Hall: When I was at DTU, oh boy, it’s probably been a year and a half, maybe two years ago. Yikes. A lot has happened. We were able to look at, uh, blades that had come off the first offshore wind project off the coast of Denmark. These blades were built like a tank. They could live another 20, 30 years. I think they had been on in the water for 20 plus years. If I remember correctly. I was just dumbfounded by it, like, wow. That’s a long time for a piece of fiberglass to, to be out in such a harsh environment. And when they started to structurally test it to see how much life it had left in it, it was, this thing could last a lot longer. We could keep these blades turned a lot longer. Is that a good design philosophy though? Are should we be doing torsional testing to extend the lifetime to. 40, 50 years because I’m concerned now that the, well, the reality is you like to have everything fall apart at once. The gearbox to fail, the generator to fail, the [00:19:00] blades, to fail, the tower, to fail all of it at the same time. That’s your like ideal engineering design. And Rosemary always says the same thing, like you want everything to fall apart and the same day. 25 years out because at 25 years out, there’s probably a new turbine design that’s gonna be so much massively better. It makes sense to do it. 20 years is a long time. Does it make sense to be doing torsional testing to extend the lifetime of these blades past like the 20 year lifespan? Or is, or, or is the economics of it such like, if we can make these turbines in 50 years, we’re gonna do it regardless of what the bearings will hold. Yolanda Padron: From, from speaking to different people in the field, there’s a lot of appetite to try to extend the, the blade lifetime as long as the permits are. So if it’s a 50 year permit to try to get it to those 50 years as much as possible, so you don’t have to do a lot of that paperwork and a lot of the, if you have to do [00:20:00] anything related to the mono piles, it’s a bit of a nightmare. Uh, and just trying to, to see that, and of course. I agree that in a perfect world, everything would fail at once, but it doesn’t. Right? And so there you are seeing in the lifetime maybe you have to do a gearbox replacement here and there. And so, and having the, the blades not be the main issue or not having blades in the water and pieces as long as possible or in those 50 years, then you can also tackle some of the other long-term solutions to see if you, if you can have that wind farm. For those 50 years or if you are going to have to sort of either replace some of the turbines or, or eat up some of that time left over in the permit that you have. Allen Hall: Yeah, because I think the industry is moving that way to test gear boxes and to test bearings. RD test systems has made a number of advancements and test beds to do just that, to, [00:21:00] to test these 15, 20, 25 megawatt turbines for lifetime, which we haven’t done. As much of this probably the industry should have. It does seem like we’re trying to get all the components through some sort of life testing, whatever that is, but we haven’t really understood what life testing means, particularly with blades. Right? So the, the issue of torsion, which is popped its head up probably every six months. There’s a question about should we be testing for torsion that. Is in line with bearing testing that’s in line with gearbox testing. If we are able to do that, where we spend a little more money on the development side and the durability side, that would dramatically lower the cost of operations, right? Yolanda Padron: Absolutely. It, it’d lower the cost of operations. It would lower the ask. Now that. A lot of these companies are transition, are [00:22:00]transitioning to be a bit more privatized. It’ll lower the risk long term for, for getting some of those financial loans out, for these projects to actually take place. And, you know, you’ll, you’re having a, a site last 50 years, you’re going to go through different cycles. Different political cycles. So you won’t have that, um, you won’t have that to, to factor in too much, into, into your risk of whether, whether or not you, you have a permit today and don’t have it tomorrow. Allen Hall: It does bring the industry to a interesting, uh, crossroads if we can put a little more money into the blades to make them last 25 years. Pretty regularly like the, the, you’re almost guaranteeing it because of the technology that bleeding that’s gonna develop with Ory Catapult and you get the gearbox and you can get the generator and bearings all to do the same thing. [00:23:00] Are you willing to pay a little bit more for that turbine? Because I think in today’s world or last year’s world, the answer was no. I wanted the cheapest blade. I wanted the cheapest, uh, to sell. I could get, I wanna put ’em on a tower, I’m gonna call it done. And then at least in the United States, like repower, it’s boom, 10 years it’s gonna repower. So I don’t care about year 20. I don’t even care about year 11, honestly, that those days have are gone for a little while, at least. Do you think that there’s appetite for say, a 10% price increase? Maybe a 15% say 20. Let’s just go crazy and say it’s a 20% price increase to then know, hey, we have some lifecycle testing. We’re really confident in the durability these turbines is. There’s a trade off there somewhere there, right? Yolanda Padron: Yeah. I mean, spending 10, 20% of CapEx to it, it. Will, if you can dramatically increase [00:24:00] the, the lifetime of the blades and not just from the initial 10 years, making them 20 years like we’re talking about, but some of these blades are failing before they hit that 10 year mark because of that lack of testing, right. That we’ve seen, we’ve talked to so many people about, and it’s an unfortunate reality. But it is a reality, right? And so it is something that if you’re, you’re either losing money just from having to do a lot of repairs or replacements, or you’re losing money from all of the downtime and not having that generation until you can get those blade repairs or replacements. So in spending a little bit more upfront, I, I feel like there should be. Great appetite from a lot of these companies to, to spend that money and not have to worry about that in the long term. Allen Hall: Yeah, I think the 20 26, 27, Joel would always say it’s 2027, but let’s just say 2027. If you have an [00:25:00] opportunity to buy a really hard and vested turbine or a new ing y, twin headed dragon and turbine, whatever, they’re gonna call this thing. I think they’re gonna stick to the European turbine. I really do. I think the lifetime matters here. And having security in the testing to show that it’s gonna live that long will make all the little difference to the insurance market, to the finance market. And they’re gonna force, uh, the developers’ hands that’s coming, Yolanda Padron: you know, developing of a project. Of course, we see so many projects and operations and everything. Um, but developing a project does take years to happen. So if you’re developing a project and you think, you know, this is great because I can have this project be developed and it will take me and it’ll be alive for a really long time and it’ll be great and I’ll, I’ll be able to, to see that it’s a different, it’s a different business case too, of how much money you’re going to bring into the [00:26:00]company by generating a lot more and a lot more time and having to spend less upfront in all of the permitting. Because if instead of having to develop two projects, I can just develop one and it’ll last as long as two projects, then. Do you really have your business case made for you? Especially if it’s just a 10 to 20% increase instead of a doubling of all of the costs and effort. Speaker 4: Australia’s wind farms are growing fast, but are your operations keeping up? Join us February 17th and 18th at Melbourne’s Poolman on the park for Wind Energy o and M Australia 2026, where you’ll connect with the experts solving real problems in maintenance asset management. And OEM relations. Walk away with practical strategies to cut costs and boost uptime that you can use the moment you’re back on site. Register now at W om a 2020 six.com. Wind Energy, o and m Australia is created [00:27:00] by Wind professionals for wind professionals. Because this industry needs solutions, not speeches, Allen Hall: I know Yolanda and I are preparing to go to Woma Wind Energy, o and m Australia, 2026 in February. Everybody’s getting their tickets and their plans made. If you haven’t done that, you need to go onto the website, woma WMA 2020 six.com and register to attend the event. There’s a, there’s only 250 tickets, Yolanda, that’s not a lot. We sold out last year. I think it’s gonna be hard to get a ticket here pretty soon. You want to be there because we’re gonna be talking about everything operations and trying to make turbines in Australia last longer with less cost. And Australians are very, um, adept at making things work. I’ve seen some of their magic up close. It’s quite impressive. Uh, so I’m gonna learn a lot this year. What are you looking forward to at Wilma 26? Yolanda. [00:28:00] Yolanda Padron: I think it’s going to be so exciting to have such a, a relatively small group compared to the different conferences, but even just the fact that it’s everybody talking to each other who’s seen so many different modes of failure and so many different environments, and just everybody coming together to talk solutions or to even just establish relationships for when that problem inevitably arises without having it. Having, I mean, something that I always have so much anxiety about whenever I go to conferences is just like getting bombarded by salespeople all the time, and so this is just going to be great Asset managers, engineers, having everybody in there and having everybody talking the same language and learning from each other, which will be very valuable. At least for me. Allen Hall: It’s always sharing. That’s what I enjoy. And it’s not even necessarily during some of the presentations and the round tables and the, [00:29:00] the panels as much as when you’re having coffee out in the break area or you’re going to dinner at night, or uh, meeting before everything starts in the morning. You just get to learn so much about the wind industry and where people are struggling, where they’re succeeding, how they dealt with some of these problems. That’s the way the industry gets stronger. We can’t all remain in our little foxholes, not looking upside, afraid to poke our head up and look around a little bit. We, we have to be talking to one another and understanding how others have attacked the same problem. And I always feel like once we do that, life gets a lot easier. I don’t know why we’re make it so hard and wind other industries like to talk to one another. We seem somehow close ourselves off. And uh, the one thing I’ve learned in Melbourne last year was. Australians are willing to describe how they have fixed these problems. And I’m just like dumbfounded. Like, wow, that was brilliant. You didn’t get to to Europe and talk about what’s going on [00:30:00] there. So the exchange of information is wonderful, and I know Yolanda, you’re gonna have a great time and so are everybody listening to this podcast. Go to Woma, WOMA 2020 six.com and register. It’s not that much money, but it is a great time and a wonderful learning experience. That wraps up another episode of the Uptime Wind Energy Podcast. And if today’s discussion sparked any questions or ideas, we’d love to hear from you. Reach out to us on LinkedIn and don’t for, and don’t forget to subscribe so you never miss an episode. And if you found value in today’s conversation, please leave us a review. It really helps other wind energy professionals discover the show and we’ll catch you on the next episode of the Uptime Wind Energy Podcast. This time next [00:31:00] week.

What do fire rituals, the dead returning home, and Odin riding through the night sky have to do with heathen Yule? Do the old ways find their way into our modern day celebrations?In this special midwinter episode, archaeologist and professor Anders Kaliff returns to explore the ancient beliefs that shaped the holiday season long before Christianity arrived in Scandinavia. We talk about the myth of Odin's Hunt, the symbolism of Yule fires, and why midwinter was such a powerful and spiritual time for people in the Viking Age — and long before that.This episode also dives into Kaliff's latest book Odens jakt, and the deeper Indo-European roots behind ritual landscapes, ancestor traditions, and the seasonal rhythms that still echo through Christmas today.Subscribe to stay updated! Also available on all platforms where podcasts are found, such as Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music and more. Find all the links in our linktree: https://linktr.ee/grimfrost

▬ Om Klippan - Falun ▬▬▬▬Klippan Falun är en plats där du kan möta och uppleva Jesus, ta del av vår välkomnande gemenskap, höra och delta i upplyftande lovsång och ta del av en predikan som både inspirerar och utmanar dig att bli den Gud avsett att du ska vara.Vi ser Klippan Falun som en autentisk, andefylld, gospelcentrerad församling som påverkar vår stad och vårt land genom att förkunna och leva det fulla evangeliet om Jesus Kristus.Klippan Falun är aktiv i Sverige och en del av UPCS (United Pentecostal Church of Scandinavia).▬ Sociala Medier ▬▬▬▬► Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/klippanfalun/► Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/forsamlingenklippan/► Youtube: youtube.com/@forsamlingenklippanfalun► Hemsida: https://www.forsamlingenklippan.se/

Qlean Scandinavia planerar framtiden med tydliga treårsplaner och flera utvecklingsprojekt kring ultrarent vatten. Företaget vill bli ett stabilt och självgående bolag där Petra Hammarstedt på sikt kan kliva tillbaka, men bara lämna över till rätt köpare. De satsar på lönsamhet framför storlek och vill ligga runt 30–50 miljoner kr i omsättning med goda marginaler. Qlean väljer bort kunder som bara jagar pris och håller fast vid arbetsmiljö, kvalitet och hållbarhet. Framåt ser Petra fler möjligheter inom industriell rengöring, stödd av ny teknik som gör det säkrare att övervaka vattenkvalitet.   Slutsatser • Stabil tillväxt och lönsamhet går före snabb omsättning. • Rätt kunder är viktigare än många kunder. • Innovationsarbetet fortsätter, men utan att tumma på säkerhet och värderingar.

In this latest Bodhisattva conversation, I speak with world-class aerialist and coach, Karin Odermatt, whose career has taken her onto some of the most iconic stages in the world, from Cirque du Soleil to Chaméléon in Berlin, Tigerpalast in Frankfurt, and Wallman's Salonger in Copenhagen, one of Scandinavia's largest and most prestigious dinner shows.Karin also shares another powerful side of her journey, the inner story behind the performances. She speaks candidly about the immense challenges she faced as a young teenager carving her own path in the world, the courage it took to keep going, and the resilience that became the foundation for both her artistry and her life.Now living in Spain, Karin is an exceptional coach and mentor. She has created a transformational online training programme where students receive weekly expert guidance to help them grow stronger, more confident, and more capable of achieving their aerial and strength-based goals. Her approach combines technical mastery with emotional intelligence, and a deep belief that we can all transcend our limitations.This is a conversation about artistry, discipline, inner strength, and the powerful journey of becoming.You can follow Karin on instagram @karinodermattcoachAnd on YouTube here

Greg Jenner is joined in medieval Scandinavia by historian Dr Eleanor Barraclough and comedian Chloe Petts to learn about the fascinating women of the Viking age.The popular stereotype of the Vikings is pretty macho: bearded men on boats, heading out to raid, pillage and burn down monasteries. There are some famous images of Viking warrior women: shieldmaidens, Valkyries and various goddesses. But what about the lives led by ordinary women in medieval Scandinavia and across the Viking world?In this episode we look at the real history behind the myths and stereotypes, exploring daily life for Viking women: their roles as wives and mothers, the work they did as weavers and healers, the gods they prayed to, the archaeological traces they left behind, as well as the sad reality that many women in the Viking world were enslaved. We also look at women who lived lives out of the ordinary – as queens, sorceresses, and warriors.This is a radio edit of the original podcast episode. For the full-length version, please look further back in the feed.Hosted by: Greg Jenner Research by: Clara Chamberlain Written by: Clara Chamberlain, Emmie Rose Price-Goodfellow, Emma Nagouse, and Greg Jenner Produced by: Emmie Rose Price-Goodfellow and Greg Jenner Audio Producer: Steve Hankey Production Coordinator: Gill Huggett Senior Producer: Emma Nagouse Executive Editor: Philip Sellars

This week we welcome back Prof. Alex Woolf (University of St. Andrews) to the podcast to question whether ‘the Vikings' is a useful concept that helps us understand history. We explore why certain people left Scandinavia in the late 8th century and what they were called in the various places they raided and eventually settled. Alex warns us against the telescoping of medieval history and argues for more nuance and specificity when dealing with the Scandinavian diaspora in so-called 'Viking Age Ireland'. He explains that the variety of activities by people we refer to as 'vikings' across the centuries in places like Ireland, England, Scotland and Francia cannot be reduced to one simple narrative.Suggested reading:Alex Woolf, 'The Viking Paradigm in Early Medieval History' Early Medieval England and its Neighbours. 2025;51:e2. doi:10.1017/ean.2024.3Colmán Etchingham, Vikings in Early Medieval Ireland: Church-Raiding, Politics and Kingship (Boydell Press, 2025)Regular episodes every two weeks (on a Friday)Email: medievalirishhistory@gmail.comProducer: Tiago Veloso SilvaSupported by the Dept of Early Irish, Maynooth University & Taighde Éireann/Research Ireland.Views expressed are the speakers' own.Logo design: Matheus de Paula CostaMusic: Lexin_Music

Episode Summary: This week on Backstage Bay Area, host Steve Roby welcomes two-time Grammy Award-winning violinist Mads Tolling. Known for his work with the Turtle Island Quartet, Stanley Clarke, and Bob Weir, Mads is shifting gears this season to share a piece of his Danish childhood in San Francisco.Mads takes us inside his project, Cool Yule: A Nordic Holiday Celebration, a "love letter" to his upbringing in Copenhagen. We explore the concept of "hygge," compare the structured traditions of a Danish Christmas with the chaotic energy of American holidays, and delve into the fascinating—and sometimes frightening—folklore of the North. From a rice pudding-eating gnome to a child-eating "Christmas Cat," Mads explains the stories behind the music. Plus, hear how he transforms an 1830s violin into a growling baritone instrument he calls "Uncle Scratchy."In This Episode, We Discuss:Life Lately: Meds' recent touring with Melvin Seals & JGB and his deep dive into the Grateful Dead repertoire.Nordic vs. American Christmas: Why the "Christmas spirit" feels different in Denmark, the importance of hygge (coziness), and why the 24th is the real main event in Scandinavia.Folklore & Music:The Gnome's Attic: The story of the Nisse who demands his rice pudding (and fights off rats to get it).The Christmas Cat: An Icelandic legend about a giant fashion-policing cat that eats children who don't receive new clothes for Christmas."Uncle Scratchy": Mads explains his unique baritone violin, tuned an octave lower to create a cello-like, medieval growl perfect for monster stories.The Frozen Connection: How a modern Disney hit connects back to Danish author Hans Christian Andersen's The Snow Queen.Featured Music:"The Gnome's Attic" (from Cool Yule) "The Christmas Cat" (from Cool Yule) Upcoming Live Show: Catch Mads Tolling & The Mads Men live for a special holiday engagement!Event: Cool Yule: A Nordic Holiday Celebration Dates: Saturday, Dec 13 & Sunday, Dec 14, 2025 Venue: Joe Henderson Lab, SFJAZZ (San Francisco) Showtimes: 7:00 PM & 8:30 PM The Band: Mads Tolling (violin), Colin Hogan (piano/accordion), Gary Brown (bass), Eric Garland (drums).Resources & Links:Get Tickets: SFJAZZ Ticket LinkMads Tolling Official Site: madstolling.comHost: Steve Roby, Backstage Bay Area

Let's be honest – the occlusion after Aligner cases can be a little ‘off' (even after fixed appliances!) How do you know if your patient's occlusion after aligner treatment is acceptable or risky? What practical guidelines can general dentists follow to manage occlusion when orthodontic results aren't textbook-perfect? Jaz and Dr. Jesper Hatt explore the most common challenges dentists face, from ClinCheck errors and digital setup pitfalls to balancing aesthetics with functional occlusion. They also discuss key strategies to help you evaluate, guide, and optimize occlusion in your patients, because understanding what is acceptable and what needs intervention can make all the difference in long-term treatment stability and patient satisfaction. https://youtu.be/e74lUbyTCaA Watch PDP250 on YouTube Protrusive Dental Pearl: Harmony and Occlusal Compatibility Always ensure restorative anatomy suits the patient's natural occlusal scheme and age-related wear. If opposing teeth are flat and amalgam-filled, polished cuspal anatomy will be incompatible — flatten as needed to conform. Need to Read it? Check out the Full Episode Transcript below! Key Takeaways Common mistakes in ClinCheck planning often stem from occlusion issues. Effective communication and documentation are crucial in clinical support. Occlusion must be set correctly to ensure successful treatment outcomes. Understanding the patient’s profile is essential for effective orthodontics. Collaboration between GPs and orthodontists can enhance patient care. Retention of orthodontic results is a lifelong commitment. Aesthetic goals must align with functional occlusion in treatment planning. Informed consent is critical when discussing potential surgical interventions. The tongue plays a crucial role in orthodontic outcomes. Spacing cases should often be approached as restorative cases. Aligners can achieve precise spacing more effectively than fixed appliances. Enamel adjustments may be necessary for optimal occlusion post-treatment. Retention strategies must be tailored to individual patient needs. Case assessment is vital for determining treatment complexity. Highlights of this episode: 00:00 Teaser 00:59 Intro 02:53  Pearl – Harmony and Occlusal Compatibility 05:57 Dr. Jesper Hatt Introduction 07:34 Clinical Support Systems 10:18 Occlusion and Aligner Therapy 20:41 Bite Recording Considerations 25:32 Collaborative Approach in Orthodontics 30:31 Occlusal Goals vs. Aesthetic Goals 31:42 Midroll 35:03 Occlusal Goals vs. Aesthetic Goals 35:25 Challenges with Spacing Cases 42:19 Occlusion Checkpoints After Aligners 50:17 Considerations for Retention 54:55 Case Assessment and Treatment Planning 58:14 Key Lessons and Final Thoughts 01:00:19 Interconnectedness of Body and Teeth 01:02:48 Resources for Dentists and Case Support 01:04:40 Outro Free Aligner Case Support!Send your patient's case number and get a full assessment in 24 hours—easy, moderate, complex, or referral. Plus, access our 52-point planning protocol and 2-min photo course. No uploads, no cost. [Get Free Access Now] Learn more at alignerservice.com If you enjoyed this episode, don't miss: Do's and Don'ts of Aligners [STRAIGHTPRIL] – PDP071 #PDPMainEpisodes #OcclusionTMDandSplints #OrthoRestorative This episode is eligible for 1 CE credit via the quiz on Protrusive Guidance. This episode meets GDC Outcomes A and C. AGD Subject Code: 370 ORTHODONTICS (Functional orthodontic therapy) Aim: To provide general dentists with practical guidance for managing occlusion in aligner therapy, from bite capture to retention, including common pitfalls, functional considerations, and case selection. Dentists will be able to – Identify common errors in digital bite capture and occlusion setup. Understand the impact of anterior inclination and mandibular movement patterns on occlusal stability. Plan retention strategies appropriate for aligner and restorative cases. Click below for full episode transcript: Teaser: The one thing that we always check initially is the occlusion set correct by the aligner company. Because if the occlusion is not set correctly, everything else just doesn't matter because the teeth will move, but into a wrong position because the occlusion is off from the beginning. I don't know about you, but if half the orthodontists are afraid of controlling the root movements in extraction cases, as a GP, I would be terrified. Teaser:I don’t care if you just move from premolar to premolar or all the teeth. Orthodontics is orthodontics, so you will affect all the teeth during the treatment. The question’s just how much. Imagine going to a football stadium. The orthodontist will be able to find the football stadium.  If it’s a reasonable orthodontist, he’ll be able to find the section you’re going to sit in, and if he’s really, really, really good, he will be able to find the row that you’re going to sit in, but the exact spot where you are going to sit… he will never, ever be able to find that with orthodontics. Jaz’s Introduction: Hello, Protruserati. I’m Jaz Gulati. Welcome back to your favorite dental podcast. I’m joined today by our guest, Dr. Jesper Hatt. All this dentist does is help other dentists with their treatment plans for aligners. From speaking to him, I gather that he’s no longer practicing clinically and is full-time clinical support for colleagues for their aligner cases. So there’s a lot we can learn from someone who day in day out has to do so much treatment planning and speaking to GDPs about their cases, how they’re tracking, how they’re not tracking, complications, and then years of seeing again, okay, how well did that first set of aligners actually perform? What is predictable and what isn’t? And as well as asking what are the most common errors we make on our ClinChecks or treatment plan softwares. I really wanted to probe in further. I really want to ask him about clinical guidelines for occlusion after ortho. Sometimes we treat a case and whilst the aesthetics of that aligner case is beautiful, the occlusion is sometimes not as good. So let’s talk about what that actually means. What is a not-good occlusion? What is a good occlusion? And just to offer some guidelines for practitioners to follow because guess what? No orthodontist in the world is gonna ever get the occlusion correct through ortho. Therefore, we as GPs are never gonna get a perfect textbook occlusion, but we need to understand what is acceptable and what is a good guideline to follow. That’s exactly what we’ll present to you in this episode today. Dental PearlNow, this is a CE slash CPD eligible episode and as our main PDP episode, I’ll give you a Protrusive Dental Pearl. Today’s pearl is very much relevant to the theme of orthodontics and occlusion we’re discussing today, and it’s probably a pearl I’ve given to you already in the past somewhere down the line, but it’s so important and so key. I really want to just emphasize on it again. In fact, a colleague messaged me recently and it reminded me of this concept I’m about to explain. She sent me an image of a resin bonded bridge she did, which had failed. It was a lower incisor, and just a few days after bonding, it failed. And so this dentist is feeling a bit embarrassed and wanted my advice. Now, by the way, guys, if you message me for advice on Instagram, on Facebook, or something like that, it’s very hit and miss. Like my priorities in life are family, health, and everything that happens on Protrusive Guidance. Our network. If you message me outside that network, I may not see it. The team might, but I may not see it. It’s the only way that I can really maintain control and calm in my life. The reason for saying this, I don’t want anyone to be offended. I’m not ignoring anyone. It’s just the volume of messages I get year on year, they’re astronomical. And I don’t mind if you nudge me. If you messaged me something weeks or months ago and I haven’t replied, I probably haven’t seen it. Please do nudge me. And the best place to catch me on is Protrusive Guidance. If you DM me on Protrusive Guidance, home of the nicest and geekiest dentists in the world, that’s the only platform I will log in daily. That’s our baby, our community. Anyway, so I caught this Facebook message and it was up to me to help this colleague. And one observation I made is that the lower teeth were all worn. The upper teeth were really worn, but this resin bonded bridge pontic, it just looked like a perfect tooth. The patient was something like 77 or 80. So it really made me think that, okay, why are we putting something that looks like a 25-year-old’s tooth in a 77-year-old? But even forgetting age and stuff, you have to look at the adjacent teeth in the arch. Is your restoration harmonious with the other teeth in the arch, and of course is the restoration harmonious with what’s opposing it? Because it’s just not compatible. So part one of this pearl is make sure any restoration you do, whether it’s direct or indirect, is harmonious with the patient’s arch and with the opposing teeth and with their occlusal scheme. Because otherwise, if you get rubber dam on and you give your 75-year-old patient beautiful composite resin, it’s got all that cuspal fissure pattern and anatomy, and you take that rubber dam off and you notice that all the other teeth are flat and the opposing teeth are flat amalgams, guess what? You’re gonna be making your composite flat, whether you like it or not. You created a restoration that’s proud, right? That’s why you did not conform to the patient’s own arch or existing anatomical scheme. So the part B of this is the thing that I get very excited to talk about, right? So sometimes you have a worn dentition, but then you have one tooth that’s not worn at all. It’s like that in-standing lateral incisor, right? Think of an upper lateral incisor that’s a bit in-standing, and you see some wear on all the incisors, but that lateral incisor does not have any wear in it because it was never in the firing line. It was never in function. It was never in parafunction. Now, if you give this patient aligners or fixed appliances, you’re doing ortho and you’re now going to align this lateral incisor. So it’s now gonna eventually get into occlusion and it will be in the functional and parafunctional pathways of this patient. Do you really think you can just leave that incisor be? No. It’s not gonna be compatible with the adjacent teeth. It’s not going to be compatible with the opposing tooth and the occlusal scheme. So guess what? You have to get your bur out or your Sof-Lex disc out, and you have to bake in some years into that tooth. Or you have to build up all the other teeth if appropriate for that patient. You’ve just gotta think about it. And I hope that makes sense so you can stay out of trouble. You’re not gonna get chipping and you can consent your patient appropriately for enamel adjustment, which is something that we do talk about in this episode. I think you’re in for an absolute cracker. I hope you enjoy. I’ll catch you in the outro. Main Episode: Doctor Jesper Hatt, thank you so much for coming to Protrusive Dental Podcast. We met in Scandinavia, in Copenhagen. You delivered this wonderful lecture and it was so nice to connect with you then and to finally have you on the show. Tell us, how are you, where in the world are you, and tell us about yourself. [Jesper] Well, thank you for the invitation, first of all. Well, I’m a dentist. I used to practice in Denmark since I originally come from Denmark. My mother’s from Germany, and now I live in Switzerland and have stopped practicing dentistry since 2018. Now I only do consulting work and I help doctors around the world with making their aligner business successful. [Jaz] And this is like probably clinical advice, but also like strategic advice and positioning and that kinda stuff. Probably the whole shebang, right? [Jesper] Yeah. I mean, I have a team around me, so my wife’s a dentist as well, and I would say she’s the expert in Europe on clear aligners. She’s been working for, first of all, our practice. She’s a dentist too. She worked with me in the practice. We practiced together for 10 years. Then she became a clinical advisor for Allion Tech with responsibility for clinical support of Scandinavia. She was headhunted to ClearCorrect, worked in Basel while I was doing more and more consulting stuff in Denmark. So she was traveling back and forth, and I considered this to be a little bit challenging for our family. So I asked her, well, why don’t we just relocate to Switzerland since ClearCorrect is located there? And sure we did. And after two years she told me, I think clinical support, it’s okay. And I like to train the teams, but I’d really like to do more than that because she found out that doctors, they were able to book a spot sometime in the future, let’s say two weeks out in the future at a time that suited the doctors… no, not the doctors, ClearCorrect. Or Invisalign or whatever clear aligner company you use. So as a doctor, you’re able to block the spot and at that time you can have your 30 minutes one-on-one online with a clinical expert. And she said it’s always between the patients or administrative stuff. So they’re not really focused on their ClearCorrect or clear aligner patient. And so they forget half of what I tell them. I can see it in the setups they do. They end up having to call me again. It doesn’t work like that. I would like to help them. [Jaz] It’s a clunky pathway of mentorship. [Jesper] Yes. And so she wanted to change the way clinical support was built up. So we do it differently. We do it only in writing so people can remember what we are telling them. They can always go back in the note and see what’s been going on, what was the advice we gave them, and we offer this co-creation support where we take over most of the treatment planning of the ClearCorrect or Clear Aligner or Spark or Invisalign or Angel Aligner treatment planning. So we do all the digital planning for the doctor, deliver what we think would be right for the patient based on the feedback we initially got from the doctor. And then the doctor can come back and say, well, I’d like a little more space for some crowns in the front, or I would like the canines to be in a better position in order to achieve immediate post disclusion. And so we can go into this discussion back and forth and adjust the digital setup in a way that is more realistic and predictable and do it all for the doctors. So they, on an average, they spend four to six hours less chair time when they use that kind of service compared to if they do everything themselves. And on top of that, you can put your planning time. She was responsible for that and it works quite well. I still remember when we initially got on all these online calls and we would see fireworks in the background and confetti coming down from the top and all of that. [Jaz] Exactly. So excuse that little bit, but okay. So essentially what you’re doing is, for an aligner user myself, for example, you’re doing the ClinChecks, you are helping, supporting with the ClinChecks, the planning. And I’ve got a lot of questions about that. The first question I’ll start with, which is off the script, but there’s probably a hundred different mistakes that could happen in a ClinCheck, right? But what is the most repeatable, predictable, common mistake that you’ll see when a new user sends a case to you to help them with their planning? What’s the most common mistake that you will see in a setup? [Jesper] Two things, actually. The one thing that we always check initially is the occlusion set correct by the aligner company. Because if the occlusion is not set correctly, everything else just doesn’t matter because the teeth will move but into a wrong position because the occlusion is off from the beginning. And so we always check that as the first part. How does this— [Jaz] So let’s talk about that ’cause that might be confusing for a younger colleague because they’re like, hey, hang on a minute. I scanned the bite left and right. What do you mean the occlusion is wrong? Because surely that gets carried through into what I see on the ClinCheck. So what do you think is the mechanism for this to happen? [Jesper] Two different reasons. I’m from a time when I graduated in 2003, so that was before digital dentistry. So when I went to the Pankey Institute and learned everything about functional occlusion and all of that stuff, I also found out that most of my patients, when I put silicone impression material between the teeth and asked the patients to bite together, they would always protrude a little bit unless I instructed them to bite hard on the posterior teeth. And when we got the scanners, when we put a scanner into the cheek and pull the cheek, most patients, when we asked them to bite together to do the intraoral scan of the bite, they also protruded a little bit, not much, but enough to set the bite wrong. So that is the one challenge when the technicians of the aligner companies put the models together. The other challenge is that some of the aligner companies, they let the technicians set the models. We always, as the first thing when we see a case, we always look at the photos, the clinical photos. And that’s why the clinical photos have to be of great quality. So we look at the clinical photos of the patient— [Jaz] And also in those clinical photos, Jesper, you have to coach them correctly to bite. You have to notice if they’re biting wrong even in the photos ’cause then it just duplicates the error. And that’s why good photography and actually being able to coach the patient is so imperative. [Jesper] Yes, that’s correct. But we compare the two and usually if we see a difference, we ask the doctor, is what we see in the photo correct, or is what we see on the digital models correct? And because we don’t like differences. So that would be the first step to look for. And what’s the second? The second thing is that when you look at the setup, the anterior teeth are usually—I’m trying to show you—the anterior teeth are very, very steep. Typically with aligners it’s a lot easier to tip the crowns. So when you have a class II patient, deviation one, where the anteriors are in a forward position, proclined, and you have a lot of space between the anteriors of the maxilla and the mandible, then the easiest thing on a digital setup is to just retrocline the anteriors of the upper to make them fit the lowers, which you could then procline a little bit, but usually you have very steep relationships between the two and this— [Jaz] So you’re more likely to restrict the envelope of function, functional interference anteriorly. You are obviously reducing the overjet, but you may end up reducing like a wall contact rather than an elegant, more open gate. [Jesper] Yes. And there’s another dimension to this because when we work with orthodontics, one of the most important things to look for is actually the profile of the patient. Because let’s say I’m trying to illustrate this now, so I hope you get a 90— [Jaz] So describe it for our audio listeners as well. So we’re looking at a profile view of Jesper. [Jesper] Yes. So I’m turning the side to the camera. I hope you can see my profile here. So let’s say I had flared anterior maxillary teeth and I wanted to retrocline them. It would have an effect on my upper lip, so the lip would fall backwards if I just retrocline everything. And every millimeter we move the anteriors in the maxilla in a posterior direction, we will have a potential lip drop of three millimeters. In addition, if we don’t get the nasolabial angulation correct, we risk the lower face will simply disappear in the face of the patient. So soft tissue plays a role here, so we cannot just retrocline the teeth. It looks great on the computer screen, but when it comes to reality, we’ll have a functional challenge. We’ll have a soft tissue support challenge, and in addition we’ll have long-term retention challenges as well. Because when you have a steep inclination, the anterior teeth in the mandible, they don’t have any kind of support. They will not be stopped by anything in the maxillary teeth, which you would if you had the right inclination between the teeth, which would be about 120 degrees. So why do aligner companies always set the teeth straight up and down in the anterior part? We wondered about this for years. We don’t have a strict answer. We don’t know exactly why it’s like this, but I have a hunch. I think there are two things to it. First of all, the easiest thing to do with aligners is to move the crown, so we can just tip the teeth. You take them back, you make a lot of IPR, and then you just tip them so they’re retroclined. Secondly, all aligner companies, they come from the United States. And in the United States there is a higher representation of class III patients. Now why is that important? All our patients can be put into two different categories in regards to how they move their mandible. They are the crocodiles that only open and close, like move up and down, and then we have the cows. And then we have the cows that move the mandible around, or the camels. I mean, every camel, if you’ve seen a camel chew, it’s just moving from side to side. [Jaz] Horses as well. Horses as well. [Jesper] They kind of do that. [Jaz] But I’m glad you didn’t say rats ’cause it’s more elegant to be a crocodile than a rat. [Jesper] Exactly. And I usually say we only tell the crocodiles. So why is this a challenge and why isn’t it a challenge with class III patients? Well, all real class III patients act like crocodiles, so they don’t move them side to side. From a functional perspective, it’s really not a problem having steep anterior inclination or steep relationships as long as you have a stable stop where the anteriors—so the anteriors will not elongate and create the red effect. So they just elongate until they hit the palate. If you can make a stop in the anterior part of the occlusion, then you’ll have some kind of stability with the class III patients. But with class II patients, we see a lot more cows. So they move the mandible from side to side and anterior and back and forth and all… they have the mandible going all kinds of places. And when they do that, we need some kind of anterior guidance to guide the mandible. I usually say the upper jaw creates the framework in which the mandible will move. So if the framework is too small, we fight the muscles. And whenever we fight the muscles, we lose because muscles always win. It doesn’t matter if it’s teeth, if it’s bone, if it’s joints, they all lose if they fight the muscles— [Jaz] As Peter Dawson would say, in the war between teeth and muscles or any system and muscles, the muscles always win. Absolutely. And the other analogy you remind me of is the maxilla being like a garage or “garage” from UK, like a garage. And the mandible being like the car, and if you’re really constrained, you’re gonna crash in and you’re gonna… everything will be in tatters. So that’s another great way to think about it. Okay. That’s very, very helpful. I’m gonna—’cause there’s so much I wanna cover. And I think you’ve really summed up nicely. But one thing just to finish on this aspect of that common mistake being that the upper anteriors are retroclined, really what you’re trying to say is we need to be looking at other modalities, other movements. So I’m thinking you’re saying extraction, if it’s suitable for the face, or distalisation. Are you thinking like that rather than the easier thing for the aligners, which is the retrocline. Am I going about it the right way? [Jesper] Depends on the patient. [Jaz] Of course. [Jesper] Rule of thumb: if you’re a GP, don’t ever touch extraction cases. Rule of thumb. Why? Because it is extremely challenging to move teeth parallel. So you will most—especially with aligners—I mean, I talk with a very respected orthodontist once and I asked him, well, what do you think about GPs treating extraction cases where they extract, you know, two premolars in the maxilla? And he said, well, I don’t know how to answer this. Let me just explain to you: half of my orthodontist colleagues, they are afraid of extraction cases. And I asked them why. Because it’s so hard to control the root movement. Now, I don’t know about you— [Jaz] With aligners. We’re specifically talking about aligners here, right? [Jesper] With all kinds of orthodontic appliances. [Jaz] Thank you. [Jesper] So now, I don’t know about you, but if half the orthodontists are afraid of controlling the root movements in extraction cases, as a GP, I would be terrified. And I am a GP. So I usually say, yeah, sometimes you will have so much crowding and so little space in the mandible, so there’s an incisor that is almost popped out by itself. In those cases, yes. Then you can do an extraction case. But when we’re talking about premolars that are going to be extracted, or if you want to close the space in the posterior part by translating a tooth into that open space, don’t. It’s just the easiest way to end up in a disaster because the only thing you’ll see is just teeth that tip into that space, and you’ll have a really hard time controlling the root movements, getting them corrected again. [Jaz] Well, thank you for offering that guideline. I think that’s very sage advice for those GPs doing aligners, to stay in your lane and just be… the best thing about being a GP, Jesper, is you get to cherry pick, right? There’s so many bad things about being a GP. Like you literally have to be kinda like a micro-specialist in everything in a way. And so sometimes it’s good to be like, you know what, I’ll keep this and I’ll send this out. And being selective and case selection is the crux of everything. So I’m really glad you mentioned that. I mean, we talked and touched already on so much occlusion. The next question I’m gonna ask you then is, like you said, a common error is the bite and how the bite appears on the ClinCheck or whichever software a dentist is using. Now, related to bite, vast majority of orthodontic cases are treated in the patient’s existing habitual occlusion, their maximum intercuspal position. Early on in my aligner journey, I had a patient who had an anterior crossbite. And because of that anterior crossbite, their jaw deviated. It was a displaced—the lower jaw displaced. And then I learned from that, that actually for that instance, perhaps I should not have used an MIP scan. I should have used more like centric relation or first point of contact scan before the displacement of the jaw happens. So that was like always in my mind. Sometimes we can and should be using an alternative TMJ position or a bite reference other than MIP. Firstly, what do you think about that kind of scenario and are there any other scenarios which you would suggest that we should not be using the patient’s habitual occlusion for their bite scan for planning orthodontics? [Jesper] Well, I mentioned that I was trained at the Pankey Institute, and when you start out right after—I mean, I spent 400 hours over there. Initially, I thought I was a little bit brainwashed by that because I thought every single patient should be in centric relation. Now, after having put more than 600 patients on the bite appliance first before I did anything, I started to see some patterns. And so today, I would say it’s not all patients that I would get into centric relation before I start treating the teeth. But when we talk about aligner therapy and orthodontic treatment, I think it’s beneficial if you can see the signs for those patients where you would say, hmm, something in the occlusion here could be a little bit risky. So let’s say there are wear facets on the molars. That will always trigger a red flag in my head. Let’s say there are crossbites or bite positions that kind of lock in the teeth. We talked about class III patients before, and I said if it’s a real skeletal-deviation class III patient, it’s a crocodile. But sometimes patients are not real class III skeletal deviation patients. They’re simply being forced into a class III due to the occlusion. That’s where the teeth fit together. So once you put aligners between the teeth and plastic covers the surfaces, suddenly the patients are able to move the jaws more freely and then they start to seat into centric. That may be okay. Usually it is okay. The challenge is consequences. So when you’re a GP and you suddenly see a patient moving to centric relation and you find out, whoa, on a horizontal level there’s a four- to six-millimeter difference between the initial starting point and where we are now, and maybe we create an eight-millimeter open bite in the anterior as well because they simply seat that much. And I mean, we have seen it. So is this a disaster? Well, it depends. If you have informed the patient well enough initially and said, well, you might have a lower jaw that moves into a different position when we start out, and if this new position is really, really off compared to where you are right now, you might end up needing maxillofacial surgery, then the patient’s prepared. But if they’re not prepared and you suddenly have to tell them, you know, I think we might need maxillofacial surgery… I can come up with a lot of patients in my head that would say, hey doctor, that was not part of my plan. And they will be really disappointed. And at that point there’s no turning back, so you can’t reverse. So I think if you are unsure, then you are sure. Then you should use some kind of deprogramming device or figure out where is centric relation on this patient. If there isn’t that much of a difference between maximum intercuspation and centric— [Jesper] Relation, I don’t care. Because once you start moving the teeth, I don’t care if you just move from premolar to premolar or all the teeth. Orthodontics is orthodontics, so you will affect all the teeth during the treatment. The question’s just how much. And sometimes it’s just by putting plastic between the teeth that you will see a change, not in the tooth position, but in the mandibular position. And I just think it’s nicer to know a little bit where this is going before you start. And the more you see of this—I mean, as I mentioned, after 600 bite appliances in the mouths of my patients, I started to see patterns. And sometimes in the end, after 20 years of practicing, I started to say, let’s just start, see where this ends. But I would always inform the patients: if it goes totally out of control, we might end up needing surgery, and there’s no way to avoid it if that happens. And if the patients were okay with that, we’d just start out. Because I mean, is it bad? No. I just start the orthodontic treatment and I set the teeth as they should be in the right framework. Sometimes the upper and the lower jaw don’t fit together. Well, send them to the surgeon and they will move either the upper or the lower jaw into the right position, and then we have it. No harm is done because we have done the initial work that the orthodontist would do. But I will say when I had these surgical patients—let’s say we just started out with aligners and we figured, I can’t control this enough. I need a surgeon to look at this—then I would send them off to an orthodontist, and the orthodontist and the surgeon would take over. Because then—I mean, surgical patients and kids—that’s the second group of patients besides the extraction cases that I would not treat as a GP. ‘Cause we simply don’t know enough about how to affect growth on kids. And when it comes to surgery, there’s so much that is… so much knowledge that we need to know and the collaboration with the surgeons that we’re not trained to handle. So I think that should be handled by the orthodontists as well. [Jaz] I think collaborative cases like that are definitely specialist in nature, and I think that’s a really good point. I think the point there was informed consent. The mistake is you don’t warn the patient or you do not do the correct screening. So again, I always encourage my guests—so Jesper, you included—that we may disagree, and that’s okay. That’s the beauty of dentistry. So something that I look for is: if the patient has a stable and repeatable maximum intercuspal position, things lock very well, and there’s a minimal slide—like I use my leaf gauge and the CR-CP is like a small number of leaves and the jaw hardly moves a little bit—then there’s no point of uncoupling them, removing that nice posterior coupling that they have just to chase this elusive joint position. Then you have to do so many more teeth. But when we have a breakdown in the system, which you kind of said, if there’s wear as one aspect, or we think that, okay, this patient’s occlusion is not really working for them, then we have an opportunity to do full-mouth rehabilitation in enamel. Because that’s what orthodontics is. And so that’s a point to consider. So I would encourage our GP colleagues to look at the case, look at the patient in front of you, and decide: is this a stable, repeatable occlusion that you would like to use as a baseline, or is there something wrong? Then consider referring out or considering—if you’re more advanced in occlusion studies—using an alternative position, not the patient’s own bite as a reference. So anything you wanna add to that or disagree with in that monologue I just said there? [Jesper] No, I think there’s one thing I’d like the listeners to consider. I see a lot of fighting between orthodontists and GPs, and I think it should be a collaboration instead. There’s a lot of orthodontists that are afraid of GPs taking over more and more aligner treatments, and they see a huge increase in the amount of cases that go wrong. Well, there’s a huge increase of patients being treated, so there will be more patients, just statistically, that will get into problems. Now, if the orthodontist is smart—in my opinion, that’s my opinion—they reach out to all their referring doctors and they tell them, look, come in. I will teach you which cases you can start with and which you should refer. Let’s start there. Start your aligner treatments. Start out, try stuff. I will be there to help you if you run into problems. So whenever you see a challenge, whenever there’s a problem, send the patient over to me and I’ll take over. But I will be there to help you if anything goes wrong. Now, the reason this is really, really a great business advice for the orthodontists is because once you teach the GPs around you to look for deviations from the normal, which would be the indication for orthodontics, the doctors start to diagnose and see a lot more patients needing orthodontics and prescribe it to the patients, or at least propose it to the patients. Which would initially not do much more than just increase the amount of aligner treatments. But over time, I tell you, all the orthodontists doing this, they are drowning in work. So I mean, they will literally be overflown by patients being referred by all the doctors, because suddenly all the other doctors around them start to diagnose orthodontically. They see the patients which they haven’t seen before. So I think this is—from a business perspective—a really, really great thing for the orthodontists to have a collaboration with this. And it’ll also help the GPs to feel more secure when they start treating their patients. And in the end, that will lead to more patients getting the right treatment they deserve. And I think that is the core. That is what’s so important for us to remember. That’s what we’re here for. I mean, yes, it’s nice to make money. We have to live. It’s nice with a great business, but what all dentists I know of are really striving for is to treat their patients to the best of their ability. And this helps them to do that. [Jaz] Ultimate benefactor of this collaborative approach is the patient. And I love that you said that. I think I want all orthodontists to listen to that soundbite and take it on board and be willing to help. Most of them I know are lovely orthodontists and they’re helping to teach their GPs and help them and in return they get lots of referrals. And I think that’s the best way to go. Let’s talk a little bit about occlusal goals we look for at the end of orthodontics. This is an interesting topic. I’m gonna start by saying that just two days ago I got a DM from one of the Protruserati, his name is Keith Curry—shout out to him on Instagram—and he just sent me a little message: “Jaz, do you sometimes find that when you’re doing alignment as a GP that it’s conflicting the orthodontic, the occlusal goal you’re trying to get?” And I knew what I was getting to. It’s that scenario whereby you have the kind of class II division 2, right? But they have anterior guidance. Now you align everything, okay, and now you completely lost anterior guidance. And so the way I told him is that, you know what, yes, this is happening all the time. Are we potentially at war between an aesthetic smile and a functional occlusion? And sometimes there’s a compromise. Sometimes you can have both. But that—to achieve both—needs either a specialist set of eyes or lots of auxiliary techniques or a lot more time than what GPs usually give for their cases. So first let’s touch on that. Do you also agree that sometimes there is a war between what will be aesthetic and what will be a nice functional occlusion? And then we’ll actually talk about, okay, what are some of the guidelines that we look for at the end of completing an aligner case? [Jesper] Great question and great observation. I would say I don’t think there’s a conflict because what I’ve learned is form follows function. So if you get the function right, aesthetics will always be great. Almost always. I mean, we have those crazy-shaped faces sometimes, but… so form follows function. The challenge here is that in adult patients, we cannot manipulate growth. So a skeletal deviation is a skeletal deviation, which means if we have a class II patient, it’s most likely that that patient has a skeletal deviation. I rarely see a dental deviation. It happens, but it’s really, really rare. So that means that in principle, all our class II and chronic class III patients are surgical patients. However, does that mean that we should treat all our class II and class III patients surgically? No, I don’t think so. But we have to consider that they are all compromise cases. So we need to figure a compromise. So initially, when I started out with my occlusal knowledge, I have to admit, I didn’t do the orthodontic treatment planning. I did it with Heller, and she would give me feedback and tell me, I think this is doable and this is probably a little bit challenging. If we do this instead, we can keep the teeth within the bony frame. We can keep them in a good occlusion. Then I would say, well, you have a flat curve of Spee. I’d like to have a little bit of curve. It’s called a curve of Spee and not the orthodontic flat curve of Spee. And then we would have a discussion back and forth about that. Then initially I would always want anterior coupling where the anterior teeth would touch each other. I have actually changed that concept in my mind and accepted the orthodontic way of thinking because most orthodontists will leave a little space in the anterior. So when you end the orthodontic treatment, you almost always have a little bit of space between the anterior teeth so they don’t touch each other. Why? Because no matter what, no matter how you retain the patient after treatment, there will still be some sort of relapse. And we don’t know where it’ll come or how, but it will come. Because the teeth will always be positioned in a balance between the push from the tongue and from the cheeks and the muscles surrounding the teeth. And that’s a dynamic that changes over the years. So I don’t see retention as a one- or two-year thing. It’s a lifelong thing. And the surrounding tissues will change the pressure and thereby the balance between the tongue and the cheeks and where the teeth would naturally settle into position. Now, that said, as I mentioned initially, if we fight the muscles, we’ll lose. So let’s say we have an anterior open bite. That will always create a tongue habit where the patient positions the tongue in the anterior teeth when they swallow because if they don’t, food and drink will just be splashed out between the teeth. They can’t swallow. It will just be pushed out of the mouth. [Jaz] So is that not like a secondary thing? Like that tongue habit is secondary to the AOB? So in those cases, if you correct the anterior open bite, theoretically should that tongue posture not self-correct? [Jesper] Well, we would like to think so, but it’s not always the case. And there’s several reasons to it. Because why are the teeth in the position? Is it because of the tongue or because of the tooth position? Now, spacing cases is one of those cases where you can really illustrate it really well. It looks really easy to treat these patients. If we take away all the soft tissue considerations on the profile photo, I mean, you can just retract the teeth and you close all the spaces—super easy. Tipping movements. It’s super easy orthodontically to move quickly. Very easy as well. However, you restrict the tongue and now we have a retention problem. So there are three things that can happen. You can bond a retainer on the lingual side or the palatal side of the teeth, upper, lower—just bond everything together—and after three months, you will have a diastema distal to the bonded retainer because the tongue simply pushes all the teeth in an anterior direction. [Jaz] I’ve also seen—and you’ve probably seen this as well—the patient’s tongue being so strong in these exact scenarios where the multiple spacing has been closed, which probably should have been a restorative plan rather than orthodontic plan, and the retainer wire snaps in half. [Jesper] Yes, from the tongue. [Jaz] That always fascinated me. [Jesper] Well, you’ll see debonding all the time, even though you sandblast and you follow all the bonding protocol. And debonding, breaking wires, diastemas in places where you think, how is that even possible? Or—and this is the worst part—or you induce sleep apnea on these patients because you simply restrict the space for the tongue. So they start snoring, and then they have a total different set of health issues afterwards. So spacing—I mean, this just illustrates the power of the tongue and why we should always be careful with spacing cases. I mean, spacing cases, in my opinion, are always to be considered ortho-restorative cases. Or you can consider, do you want to leave some space distal to the canines? Because there you can create an optical illusion with composites. Or do you want to distribute space equally between the teeth and place veneers or crowns or whatever. And this is one of those cases where I’d say aligners are just fabulous compared to fixed appliances. Because if you go to an orthodontist only using fixed appliances and you tell that orthodontist, please redistribute space in the anterior part of the maxilla and I want exactly 1.2 millimeters between every single tooth in the anterior segment, six years later he’s still not reached that goal because it just moves back and forth. Put aligners on: three months later, you have exactly—and I mean exactly—1.2 millimeters of space between each and every single tooth. When it comes to intrusion and extrusion, I would probably consider using fixed appliances rather than aligners if it’s more than three millimeters. So every orthodontic system—and aligners are just an orthodontic system—each system has its pros and cons, and we just have to consider which system is right for this patient that I have in my chair. But back to the tongue issue. What should we do? I mean, yes, there are two different schools. So if you have, let’s say, a tongue habit that needs to be treated, there are those that say we need to get rid of the tongue habit before we start to correct the teeth. And then there are those that say that doesn’t really work because there’s no room for the tongue. So we need to create room for the tongue first and then train the patient to stop the habit. Both schools and both philosophies are being followed out there. I have my preferred philosophy, but I will let the listener start to think about what they believe and follow their philosophy. Because there is nothing here that is right or wrong. And that is— [Jaz] I think the right answer, Jesper, is probably speak to that local orthodontist who’s gonna be helping you out and whatever they recommend—their religion—follow that one. Because then at least you have something to defend yourself. Like okay, I followed the way you said. Let’s fix it together now. [Jesper] That’s a great one. Yeah, exactly. [Jaz] Okay, well just touching up on the occlusion then, sometimes we do get left with like suboptimal occlusions. But to be able to define a suboptimal occlusion… let’s wrap this occlusion element up. When we are completing an orthodontic case—let’s talk aligners specifically—when the aligners come off and the fixed retainers come on, for example, and the patient’s now in retention, what are some of the occlusal checkpoints or guidelines that you advise checking for to make sure that, okay, now we have a reasonably okay occlusion and let things settle from here? For example, it would be, for me, a failure if the patient finishes their aligners and they’re only holding articulating paper on one side and not the other side. That’s for me a failure. Or if they’ve got a posterior open bite bilaterally. Okay, then we need to go refinement. We need to get things sorted. But then where do you draw the line? How extreme do you need to be? Do you need every single tooth in shim-stock foil contact? Because then we are getting really beyond that. We have to give the adaptation some wiggle room to happen. So I would love to know from your learning at Pankey, from your experience, what would you recommend is a good way for a GP to follow about, okay, it may not be perfect and you’ll probably never get perfect. And one of the orthodontists that taught me said he’s never, ever done a case that’s finished with a perfect occlusion ever. And he said that to me. [Jesper] So—and that’s exactly the point with orthodontics. I learned that imagine going to a football stadium. The orthodontist will be able to find the football stadium. If it’s a reasonable orthodontist, he’ll be able to find the section you’re going to sit in. And if he’s really, really, really good, he will be able to find the row that you’re going to sit in. But the exact spot where you are going to sit, he will never, ever be able to find that with orthodontics. And this is where settling comes in and a little bit of enamel adjustments. [Jaz] I’m so glad you said that. I’m so glad you mentioned enamel adjustment. That’s a very dirty word, but I agree with that. And here’s what I teach on my occlusion courses: what we do with aligners essentially is we’re tampering with the lock. Let’s say the upper jaw is the lock. It’s the still one. We’re tampering with the key, which is the lower jaw—the one that moves—we tamper with the key and the lock, and we expect them both to fit together at the end without having to shave the key and to modify the lock. So for years I was doing aligners without enamel adjustment ’cause my eyes were not open. My mind was not open to this. And as I learned, and now I use digital measuring of occlusion stuff and I seldom can finish a case to get a decent—for my criteria, which is higher than it used to be, and my own stat—is part of my own growth that’s happened over time is that I just think it’s an important skill that GPs are not taught and they should be. It’s all about finishing that case. And I think, I agree with you that some adjustment goes a long way. We’re not massacring enamel. It’s little tweaks to get that. [Jesper] Exactly. I like the sound there because sometimes you hear that “ahh,” it doesn’t really sound right, but “tsst,” that’s better. [Jaz] That’s the one. You know, it reminds me of that lecture you did in Copenhagen. You did this cool thing—which I’ve never seen anyone do before. You sat with one leg over the other and you said, okay guys, bite together. Everyone bit together. And then you swapped the legs so the other leg was over the other and bite together. And then you said, okay, whose occlusion felt different? And about a third of the audience put their hand up, I think. Tell us about that for a second. [Jesper] Well, just promise me we go back to the final part because there are some things we should consider. [Jaz] Let’s save this as a secret thing at the end for incentive for everyone to listen to the end—how the leg position changes your occlusion. Let’s talk about the more important thing. I digressed. [Jesper] Let’s talk about the occlusal goals because I think it’s important. I mean, if you do enamel adjustments in the end—so when we finish the treatment, when we come to the last aligner in the treatment plan—I think we should start by breaking things down to the simplest way possible. Start by asking the patient: are you satisfied with the way the teeth look? Yes or no? If she’s satisfied, great. How do you feel about the occlusion? “Well, it fits okay.” Great. Now the patient is happy. There’s nothing she wants to—or he wants to—change. Then you look at the occlusion. Now, it is important to remember that what we see on the computer screen, on the aligner planning tools, will never, ever correspond 100% to what we see in the mouth of the patient. And there are several reasons for that. But one of the things that we have found to be really interesting is that if you take that last step and you say, okay, the occlusion doesn’t fit exactly as on the screen, but it’s kind of there… if you use that last step and you don’t do a re-scan for a retainer, but you use the last step of the aligner treatment as your reference for your aligner retainer… We sometimes see that over six months, if the patient wears that aligner 22 hours a day for another three to six months, the teeth will settle more and more into the aligner and create an occlusion that looks more and more like what you see on the screen. Which to me just tells me that the biology doesn’t necessarily follow the plan everywhere in the tempo that we set throughout the aligner plan. But over time, at the last step, if it’s just minor adjustments, the teeth will actually move into that position if we use the last stage as a reference for the retainer. Now, if we do a scan at that point and use that as a reference for creating an aligner retainer, then we just keep the teeth in that position. Now, if the teeth are a little bit more off— [Jaz] I’m just gonna recap that, Jesper, ’cause I understood what you said there, but I want you to just make sure I fully understood it. When we request, for example, Align, the Vivera retainer, it gives you an option: “I will submit a new scan” or “use the last step.” And actually I seldom use that, but now I realize you’re right. It makes sense. But then on the one hand, if the occlusion is—if the aesthetics are good and the patient’s occlusion feels good, what is your own judgment to decide whether we’re still going to allow for some more settling and occlusal changes to happen over a year using the Vivera retainers based on the ClinCheck last-aligner profile, rather than, okay, let’s just retain to this position? What is making you do the extra work, extra monitoring? [Jesper] To me, it’s not extra monitoring. It’s just basic. I mean, it’s just part of my protocol. I follow the patients. And honestly, to me, it’s just time-saving to just use the last step in the aligner. Because I mean, if the plan is right and if the teeth have been tracking well, they should be in that position. Why do I then need to re-scan for Vivera retainers or for other kinds of retainers? Now, if the occlusion is a little bit more off—and in a minute you’ll probably ask me when do I see which is which, and I can’t really tell you; it’s about experience—but that’s the beauty of this. If I see there’s a little bit more deviation and I like some teeth, the occlusion isn’t really good on one side compared to the other side, I would rather have a bonded retainer from first premolar to first premolar in the mandible, combined with a Hawley or Begg or something like that retainer for the upper. And you can order them with an acrylic plate covering some of the anterior teeth so they keep that position, but that allows the teeth to settle. And over three months you should see some kind of improvement. If you don’t see enough improvement and let’s say you still have a tendency for a kind of an open bite on one side, you can always add some cross elastics, put some buttons on the upper, on the lower, instruct the patient to use these, and then in three months you will have the occlusion you want. Now, once that is established—you have that kind of occlusion—you need to keep the teeth there for at least six months before you do some kind of equilibration or enamel adjustment. Because if you do the enamel adjustment right after you have reached your final destination for the teeth, the teeth will still settle and move. So you do the equilibration, two weeks later everything looks off again. You do the equilibration, two weeks later things have changed again. So I prefer to wait six months before I do the final equilibration. Now, in this equation what we’ve been talking about here, it goes from very simple to more and more complex. And then we have to consider, well, did I expand the mandible posterior segment? If so, I can’t just use a bonded retainer on the lower and I need to add something to keep the teeth out there in combination with whatever I want in the upper. Do I want to keep the Begg retainer or the Hawley, or do I want to change to something differently? So these kinds of considerations have to be there from the beginning of the treatment because, I mean, it costs additional money to order a Begg retainer compared to just an aligner. [Jaz] A Begg retainer is the same as Hawley? [Jesper] Well, no. It has a little different design. [Jaz] Oh, a Begg as in B-E-G-G? [Jesper] Yes. [Jaz] Yeah, got it. Got it. Okay. [Jesper] And then in Denmark we use the Jensen retainer, which is a Danish invention, which goes from canine to canine or from first premolar to first premolar but with a different type of wire which keeps the teeth more in place compared to a round wire. So there are different variations. The most important part here is it allows the posterior teeth to settle so they can move, which they can’t in an aligner to the same degree at least. Now, this is all really nice in teeth that only need to be moved into the right position, but most of our patients are adult patients, or they should at least be adult patients. Most of my patients were more than 30 years old. So if you have a patient with anterior crowding and you move the teeth into the right position where the teeth should be, the teeth are in the right position, but they still look ugly because they have been worn anteriorly by the position they were in when they were crooked. So when we position them, we still need to do some restorative work. Then what? We still need to retain those teeth. The patient wants to be finished now as fast as possible, so we can’t wait the six months to make the final touches. So we have to figure out: what do we do? And then we have to think of some kind of retention strategy to keep the teeth in place during that restorative procedure. And I mean, at the end of an aligner treatment or any orthodontic treatment, two days is enough to have relapse in some patients. Some patients it’s not a problem. The teeth are just there to stay in the same position for three months, and then they start to move a little bit around. But other patients—I mean, you just have to look away and then go back to the teeth and they’re in a different position. You can’t know what kind of patient you have in your chair right now. So you have to consider the way you plan your restorative procedure in regards to how you retain the teeth during that phase. So if you want to do anterior composites or veneers, do it all at once. Put in a bonded retainer, scan, and get your aligner retainer as fast as possible. Or use a Begg or a Hawley or something like that that’s a little bit more flexible. If you want to do crowns, then we have a whole different challenge and then we have to consider how do we then retain the teeth. [Jaz] Okay. Well I think that was lovely. I think that gives us some thoughts and ideas of planning sequence of retention, which is the ultimate thing to consider when it comes to occlusion. Okay, yeah, you get the occlusion, but how do you retain it? But in many cases, as the patient’s wearing aligners, the occlusion is embedding in and is fine. And you take off the aligners, the patient’s happy with how it looks. They bite together. It feels good. You are happy that yes, both sides of the mouth are biting together. Now, it might not be that every single contact is shim-hold, but you got, let’s say, within 20 microns, 40 microns, okay? Then some bedding happens. In that kind of scenario, would you be happy to say, okay, I’m gonna scan your teeth as they are because I’m happy with the occlusion, the occlusal goals are good, and they’re near enough the ClinCheck, and go for the retainers to that position? Or is your default preference as a clinician to go for the Vivera or equivalent based on the last aligner, on the ClinCheck projection? [Jesper] I would still go for the last aligner because I think the planning I’ve done is probably a little bit more precise than what I see clinically. However, I still expect that I will have to do a little bit of enamel reshaping at the end after six months, but that’s okay. I mean, the changes are so small, so you can still use the last aligner or the Vivera retainer that you already have ordered. So it’s not that much of a problem. [Jaz] Which goes back to your previous point: if it’s a big deviation, then you’ve gotta look at the alternative ways, whether you’re gonna go for refinement or you’re gonna allow some occlusal settling with a Hawley and a lower fixed-retainer combination, or the elastics like you said. Okay. Just so we’re coming to the end of the podcast—and I really enjoyed our time—I would like to delve deep into just a final thing, which is a little checklist, a helpful checklist for case assessment that you have for GDPs. [Jesper] Yeah, thank you. First of all, one of the big challenges in a GP practice is being able to take a full series of clinical photos in two minutes without assistance. I think most dentists struggle with that, but that is a foundational prerequisite to any aligner treatment. Once you have the photos, I would sit down with the photos and I would consider six different steps. One: is this a patient that I could treat restoratively only? Because that would be the simplest for me to do. Next, moving up in complexity: would be, do I need periodontal crown lengthening? Or next step would be: do I need to change the vertical dimension, or is there something about centric relation that I should consider? Moving up a little bit on the complexity: are there missing teeth? Do I need to replace teeth with implants? Next step would be orthodontics. So this is step five. The next most complex case we can treat is actually an aligner case—orthodontics in general. And the last part would be: are the teeth actually in the right position in the face of the patient, or do I need surgery to correct the jaw position? So these six steps, I think they’re helpful to follow to just think, how can I break this case down into more easy, digestible bits and pieces to figure out what kind of patient I have in front of me? Now, if you consider it to be an orthodontic case or ortho-restorative case, here comes the challenge: case selection. How do you figure out is this an easy, moderate, complex, or referral case? And here’s the trick: do 500 to 1000 treatment plans or treatments with clear aligners. And then you know. But until then, you really don’t. This is where you should rely on someone you can trust who can help you do the initial case selection. Because you can have two identical patients—one is easy and one is super complex—but they look the same. So it’s really nice if you have done less than 500 cases to have someone who can help you with the case selection. And I don’t say this to sell anything, because we don’t charge for that. Because it’s so essential that we don’t do something that is wrong or gives us a lot of challenges and headaches in the practice. I mean, the practice runs really fast and lean-oriented, so we need to make things digestible, easy to work with. And I think that’s really important. [Jaz] It goes full circle to what we said before about having that referral network, staying in your lane, knowing when to refer out, cherry-picking—it all goes back full circle with that. And not even orthodontics, but restorative dentistry—case selection is just imperative in everything we do. [Jesper] Yes. And there is—we always get the question when we do courses and we do consulting—can’t you just show me a couple of cases that are easy to start with? And it works with implants, kind of. But with orthodontics where we move—I mean, we affect all the teeth—it’s just not possible. I know the aligner companies want to show you some where you say, you can only just do these kinds of cases and they are really easy. The fact is they’re not. But they want to sell their aligners. [Jaz] I get it. They are until they’re not. It’s like that famous thing, right? Everyone’s got a plan until they get punched in the face. So yeah, it can seemingly be easy, but then a complication happens and it’s really about understanding what complications to expect, screening for them, and how you handle that. But thanks so much. Tell us—yeah, go on, sorry. [Jesper] There are three things I’d like to end on here. So, first of all, we’ve been talking together for about an hour about a topic that, if you want to take postgraduate education, it takes three years to become an orthodontist. And there is a reason it takes three to four years. However, I want to encourage the listener to think about this: Mercedes has never, ever excused last year’s model. Meaning that they always strive for perfection. So if we go into the practice and we do the very best we can every single day, there is no way we can go back and excuse what we

We're back to hit on a number of topics as we return to European football this week! First, we dive into UEFA's new European tournament, the Women's Europa Cup, as it reaches the quarterfinal stage of its inaugural season. We discuss how it could benefit the European women's game long term, why the qualifying process is so damn complicated, and who advanced out of the Round of 16 (hello Scandinavia!) — including some stoppage and extra time drama. Then we touch on some of the best stories from the international break, including Scotland, Haiti, and Curaçao qualifying for next summer's tournament, before finishing with a quick look ahead to Thursday's packed slate. I hope you're as grateful for Thanksgiving-day Europa and Conference League action as we are! Cheers to Maxwell (listen to the end to learn why)!

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Knochen belegen frühe Koexistenz von Mensch und Wolf +++ Social Media-Detox hilft schnell +++ Neue Korallenart wächst auf Manganknollen +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Gray wolves in an anthropogenic context on a small island in prehistoric Scandinavia, PNAS, 24.11. 2025Social Media Detox and Youth Mental Health, JAMA, 24.11. 2025Hidden gems of the abyss: first species of azooxanthellate scleractinian coral (Scleractinia: Deltocyathidae) attached to polymetallic nodules in the eastern Pacific Ocean, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, November 2025The Moon-forming impactor Theia originated from the inner Solar System, Science, 20.11. 2025Shared and language-specific phonological processing in the human temporal lobe. Nature, 19.11.2025Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

▬ Om Klippan - Falun ▬▬▬▬Klippan Falun är en plats där du kan möta och uppleva Jesus, ta del av vår välkomnande gemenskap, höra och delta i upplyftande lovsång och ta del av en predikan som både inspirerar och utmanar dig att bli den Gud avsett att du ska vara.Vi ser Klippan Falun som en autentisk, andefylld, gospelcentrerad församling som påverkar vår stad och vårt land genom att förkunna och leva det fulla evangeliet om Jesus Kristus.Klippan Falun är aktiv i Sverige och en del av UPCS (United Pentecostal Church of Scandinavia).▬ Sociala Medier ▬▬▬▬► Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/klippanfalun/► Instagram:https://www.instagram.com/forsamlingenklippan/► Youtube: youtube.com/@forsamlingenklippanfalun► Hemsida: https://www.forsamlingenklippan.se/

Will It Be Peace or Persecution? (1) (audio) David Eells – 11/23/25 The short answer is: It depends on what you need to be ready to face the Lord. Some of this report is bad news. I suggest you pray for God's people and against the threats. I want to share two parables of Babylon. New York City has been known to be a Babylon. Also, the United States has been known as a type of Babylon. The lesser is a warning to the greater. As we can see, Zohran Mamdani, who is clearly representing Muslims, who lies and most of what he promised cannot come to pass. He is apparently by his own words a communist. There is proof out there that the vote count has once again been manipulated. The political left is clearly believing that this is their ticket to get back into power, which is waking people up. Zohran's intern has explained that electing him is part of a Jihad and holy war. This is obviously a call to all the hidden forces of Islam and communists to come to his aid. New York City will draw like a magnet these forces to come to them and join their political, legal, and law enforcement to support him. Lawlessness will be legalized there; crime will be rampant. Exactly what we see in the invasion of Europe and Scandinavia are being established in NY. However factious leftists are by far the greatest threat to the whole country. Tribulation and persecution for Christians will also manifest. It is ordained of God because “Christianity” is not Christian. Revival is coming because of persecution. Obama has joined himself to Zohran as an advisor, for Zoran has no political experience. Obama has been prophesied as an Alexander the Great to overthrow the US. (Of which we will speak of later.) He has acknowledged this but thinks it to be a great thing. We are going through repeats of history, which must happen as the scripture has said in Ecc.1:9 That which hath been is that which shall be; and that which hath been done is that which shall be done: and there is no new thing under the sun. Three succeeding empires of history are being repeated. We have been under the DS leftist Babylonian Empire. This was and is being conquered by Cyrus/Trump of the Medo-Persian Empire. We are preparing to go under the Grecian Empire of Alexander the Great. You are seeing the preparation for this one now. It will end with the mark of the beast in Revelation 13. These are not sudden changes but a fading in and a fading out. Preparations must be made. The sooner Christians will become disciples of Christ, Who is the Word, the sooner God will have mercy, and we will escape some of this. The camel's head is in the tent; the body follows. Get out of the big sin cities; judgment will fall there. Brain drain and economic collapse will come to NY. Low IQ will follow the leftist policies, as we can see already. Last I heard over 350 police have fled and Mamdani has said he will replace them with social workers. How does this work when they face people with guns? Most of the crime in the US is in these blue cities. Natural and unnatural catastrophes will come there.  New age foolishness is all through the Alliance, NESARA, GCR, movement. They call it the “Golden Age” and “thousand years of peace and prosperity.” But it will be cut short because the Book of Revelation now comes with its tribulation wilderness, as Israel found out when they came out of Egypt with their gold in their pockets. They ground it up and threw it in the river; it was so valuable. While it lasts, it will help get the gospel to the world, and the end will come.  Where does the Book of Revelation declare we are going? Rev.12:1 And a great sign was seen in heaven: a woman (The worldwide Church) arrayed with the sun(/Son), and the moon (reflecting the light of the sun/Son) under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars (knowledge from the 12 apostles); 2 and she was with child; and she crieth out, travailing in birth, and in pain to be delivered. 3 And there was seen another sign in heaven: and behold, a great red (communist) dragon, having seven heads (The worldwide seed of the 7 biblical beasts who ruled God's people) and ten horns (The worldwide 10 continental divisions of the earth. The dragon was the god of Babylon, which is now worldwide.), and upon his heads seven diadems. 4 And his tail draweth the third part of the stars of heaven (The falling away of 1/3 of the seed of Abraham according to faith, which God said was as the stars.), and did cast them to the earth (lost their place in heaven): and the dragon standeth before the woman that is about to be delivered, that when she is delivered he may devour her child. 5 And she was delivered of a son, a man child, who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron: and her child was caught up unto God, and unto his throne. 6 And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she hath a place prepared of God, that there they (the man-child body) may nourish her a thousand two hundred and threescore days (As their type Jesus did). 7 And there was war in heaven: Michael and his angels going forth to war with the dragon; and the dragon warred and his angels; 8 and they prevailed not, neither was their place found any more in heaven. 9 And the great dragon was cast down, the old serpent, he that is called the Devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world; he was cast down to the earth, and his angels were cast down with him. 10 And I heard a great voice in heaven, saying, Now is come the salvation, and the power, and the kingdom of our God, and the authority of his Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast down, who accuseth them before our God day and night. 11 And they overcame him because of the blood of the Lamb, and because of the word of their testimony; and they loved not their life even unto death. 12 Therefore rejoice, O heavens, and ye that dwell in them. Woe for the earth and for the sea: because the devil is gone down unto you, having great wrath, knowing that he hath but a short time. 13 And when the dragon saw that he was cast down to the earth, he persecuted the woman that brought forth the man-child. (through fake Christianity and left wing communist Islam) 14 And there were given to the woman the two wings of the great eagle (man-child overcomers), that she might fly into the wilderness unto her place, where she is nourished for a time, and times, and half a time (Man-child feeds her for 1st 31/2 years of wilderness trib as it was with the disciples of Jesus.), from the face of the serpent. 15 And the serpent cast out of his mouth after the woman water as a river, that he might cause her to be carried away by the stream. 16 And the earth helped the woman, and the earth opened her mouth and swallowed up the river which the dragon cast out of his mouth. (Jesus gave us the Living waters of His Word and the devil gives us the killing waters of the beast.) 17 And the dragon waxed wroth with the woman, and went away to make war with the rest of her seed, that keep the commandments of God, and hold the testimony of Jesus: (Then the dragon becomes a worldwide beast who hates the saints and creates the mark to get rid of them.) Rev.13:1 and he stood upon the sand of the sea. And I saw a beast coming up out of the sea, having ten horns and seven heads, and on his horns ten diadems, and upon his heads names of blasphemy. (They become their own god as men always do.) … 4 and they worshipped the dragon, because he gave his authority unto the beast; and they worshipped the beast, saying, Who is like unto the beast? and who is able to war with him? (Because it is a one world order and army.)… 7 And it was given unto him to make war with the saints, and to overcome them: and there was given to him authority over every tribe and people and tongue and nation. 8 And all that dwell on the earth shall worship him, every one whose name hath not been written from the foundation of the world in the book of life of the Lamb that hath been slain. Then they repeat Emperor Constantine's solution. Because the Empire was divided by antichrist religions, they created a different kind of beast; a one-world religion to force people to worship the political beast, a form of patriotism and pledge of allegiance. … 11 And I saw another beast coming up out of the earth; and he had two horns like unto a lamb (A false Jesus), and he spake as a dragon. 12 And he exerciseth all the authority of the first beast in his sight. And he maketh the earth and them that dwell therein to worship the first beast, whose death-stroke was healed. 13 And he doeth great signs, that he should even make fire to come down out of heaven (DEW weapons) upon the earth in the sight of men. 14 And he deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by reason of the signs which it was given him to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast who hath the stroke of the sword and lived. (Cyrus/Trump is killing the beast and they will resurrect it.) 15 And it was given unto him to give breath (Greek: spirit) to it, even to the image of the beast, that the image of the beast should both speak (The image of the beast is the people as in Daniels vision), and cause that as many as should not worship the image of the beast should be killed. (As it was with Daniel and the three Hebrews) 16 And he causeth all (All the lost people are identified as the beast by its mark), the small and the great, and the rich and the poor, and the free and the bond, that there be given them a mark on their right hand (works), or upon their forehead (mind); 17 and that no man should be able to buy or to sell, save he that hath the mark, even the name of the beast (Name meaning, the nature, character, and authority of the beast or the flesh) or the number of his name. 18 Here is wisdom. He that hath understanding, let him count the number of the beast; for it is the number of a man: and his number is Six hundred and sixty and six. (666) Paul said if we walk after the flesh we must die. Whereas the next verse speaks of the man-child company who will lead the people to have the name, meaning the nature, character, and authority of the Lord in their mind and works.) 14:1 And I saw, and behold, the Lamb standing on the mount Zion, and with him a hundred and forty and four thousand (Man-child body), having his name, and the name of his Father, written on their foreheads. … 4 These are they that were not defiled with women (the sects or denominations of men); for they are virgins (receiving no seed of man but the Lord as the Parable of the Sower says). These are they that follow the Lamb whithersoever he goeth. These were purchased from among men, to be the firstfruits unto God and unto the Lamb. 5 And in their mouth was found no lie: they are without blemish. (Notice, they do not believe or speak the lies of religion. The truth will set us free.)   Obama Conquers US, Then Dies? David Eells - 2008 Obama Assassinated Rick Sergent - 07/15/2008, 08/24/2008 I say this with great reluctance. I was visiting my friend Mary in Indiana on 7/15/08. I was in her kitchen, at the table. I heard in my spirit, “Obama will be assassinated.” This really brought sorrow to my spirit… I struggled about going public with this. Then on 8/24/08 I was talking on the phone with a friend about that three-year-old missing girl in Florida when I saw a vision of a round tombstone and Obama's name was on it. That made me decide to share this.   Obama Inaugurated and Assassinated Eve Brast - 07/19/2008 As I watched Mr. Obama give a speech, I looked left down the street and had an open vision of his inauguration outside another government building with another crowd around him. It was still dark in this dream and in the open vision, also. (He is acting as another president in darkness and gathering his army.) I felt and thought “tragedy” when I looked at him. The next word that came to my mind was “assassination.” I thought to myself, “It is a shame he will be sacrificed and doesn't even know it.” Will Barack Obama conquer the great eagle of Babylon, as a type of the U.S., and then use it to conquer Persia (Cyrus/Trump), just as Alexander the Great conquered Persia before he died? Will he conquer Cyrus/Trump? Will this bring in the tribulation and persecution of the saints? Robert I. Holmes said the following: In 1999, as I prepared to travel to the US on ministry, the Lord gave me a very unusual prophetic word. He said that, “In the days of Babylon (the U.S.), when her walls stood wide and her leaders stood tall, her defenses were strong and her campaigns victorious, Alexander the Great (Obama) came and defeated her. In the same way, my Alexander will stand in the very midst of the United States of America”. I believe that God's “Alexander” is Barack Obama. He has now stood in the middle of America, and declared his victory speech in Grant Park in Chicago. (He and his “family” were all dressed in red and black, the colors of anarchy.) There, he prophetically declared, “Change has come to America”, and “The American Empire is coming to an end”. Obama is Sunni and Iran is Shiite. I believe they will be successful, at least initially. It was that way with Iraq, too. Amos's revelation seems to confirm this. I also do not rule out that Obama will use surrogates like Israel to do this and then claim some innocence. This is his favorite form of warfare. Amos Scaggs heard on 3/09/06: “We are going to invade Iran on three fronts with an overwhelming force and be victorious.” (At least Israel and the U.S. did a lot to take down the Islamic regime in 2025.) Also, on 3/07/06, he heard: “We broke their code -- The enemy.” According to type in Jeremiah 25, there are only two times the U.S. could conquer Iran. Jer.25:9 behold, I will send and take all the families of the north, saith Jehovah, and [I will send] unto Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon (U.S.), my servant, and will bring them against this land, and against the inhabitants thereof, and against all these nations round about (Middle East); and I will utterly destroy them, and make them an astonishment, and a hissing, and perpetual desolations. (This has been happening by using nation against nation and ethnic group against ethnic group.) 25:12 And it shall come to pass, when seventy years are accomplished, that I will punish the king of Babylon, and that nation, saith Jehovah, for their iniquity, and the land of the Chaldeans; and I will make it desolate for ever. (Babylon Deep State has been mostly destroyed by Cyrus/Trump.) The Lord showed me that in this 70 years the U.S. will be trampling the Middle East. The list of nations that are conquered during this time are in Jeremiah 25:17-26, and the last verse is when Babylon, as a type of the Deep State U.S., falls. The last on the list before Babylon is Elam or Iran, along with the Medes and the kings of the north. This is the only time in the list Iran is conquered, unless it is conquered to some extent before this seven-year tribulation list of wars. This is what I believe will happen, since the last war seems to be mixed with the kings of the north, which is probably Russia and company, and since this is the time Babylon fell, too. Also, I do not believe Obama will live to the end of the tribulation because of all the assassination dreams. This is what I wrote years before the U.S. struck Iran. “So, I think that the U.S. will in some form strike Iran before the tribulation (This came to pass by taking out their nuclear capabilities and arming Israel to do the job.) and help cause the tribulation covenant, as we will see below.” In Daniel's vision, he was in Elam (Persia/Iran) and saw the Medo-Persian (Cyrus, identified as Trump) Ram pushing westward. Dan.8:2 And I saw in the vision; now it was so, that when I saw, I was in Shushan the palace, which is in the province of Elam (Persia/Cyrus/Trump); and I saw in the vision, and I was by the river Ulai. 3 Then I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and, behold, there stood before the river a ram which had two horns (Medo-Persians – Cyrus/Trump): and the two horns were high; but one was higher than the other, and the higher came up last. 4 I saw the ram pushing westward, and northward and southward; and no beasts could stand before him, neither was there any that could deliver out of his hand; but he did according to his will, and magnified himself. (Yep, that's him) Then, Daniel saw a he-goat (Alexander/Obama) that flies over the face of the whole earth without touching the ground (Using the airforce) 5 And as I was considering, behold, a he-goat (originally Alexander the Great's Grecian Empire - Second fulfillment - Barak Obama's U.S. Empire) came from the west over the face of the whole earth, and touched not the ground: and the goat had a notable horn between his eyes. 6 And he came to the ram that had the two horns, which I saw standing before the river, and ran upon him in the fury of his power. 7 And I saw him come close unto the ram, and he was moved with anger against him, and smote the ram, and brake his two horns; and there was no power in the ram to stand before him; but he cast him down to the ground, and trampled upon him; and there was none that could deliver the ram out of his hand. 8 And the he-goat magnified himself exceedingly: and when he was strong, the great horn was broken. (Obama will possibly be assassinated according to many dreams, and that would be after he as Alexander brings down Cyrus/Trumps empire. Several attempts have failed so far.) Michael Hare asked the Lord on 4/19/15, “Where are we now?” and then received: Dan.7:6 After this I beheld, and, lo, another, like a leopard, which had upon its back four wings of a bird; the beast had also four heads; and dominion was given to it. We knew this was Alexander the Great's kingdom, which was divided up by 4 generals at his death, and it reminded us of this revelation. Obama is ordained of God to judge apostate Christianity in America and wake up her sleeping multitudes to truly seek the Lord. Prophetically, the next thing Daniel describes in type is the saints in tribulation in the time of Antiochus Epiphanes (8:9-14), a type of the Beast. It is possible that this attack on Medo-Persia/Cyrus/Trump would bring the tribulation. Dan.8:9 And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the glorious [land]. (The saints are God's glorious land now according to scripture.) 10 And it waxed great, even to the host of heaven; and some of the host and of the stars it cast down to the ground, and trampled upon them. (The beast will cause a great falling away through the mark of the beast.) 11 Yea, it magnified itself, even to the prince of the host (The High Priest, Jesus); and it took away from him the continual [burnt-offering] (the crucified life), and the place of his sanctuary was cast down. 12 And the host was given over [to it] together with the continual [burnt-offering] through transgression; and it cast down truth to the ground (fits), and it did [its pleasure] and prospered. This describes the great persecution against Christians who have a continual burnt offering through offering up their beastly flesh as a living sacrifice in the fiery trials. The mark will bring an end of this sacrifice for many apostate Christians and they will be cast down as the sanctuary of God and the seed of Abraham by faith, who are identified as the stars of heaven by God.   The Perfect Storm in the Middle East: ISIS, Iran, Saudi, Egypt Avi Lipkin - 03/04/2015 Some points made in this video - 4/07/15 Avi's wife Rachael works for Israel listening to Arab broadcasts, since she knows the language. Here are some things she heard: President Obama was in Egypt in 2009 and he swore to the Prime Minister he was a Muslim, that his father was a Muslim, that his stepfather was a Muslim, and that he was raised in a mosque. On January 19, 2010, he said, “I swear what I am going to do with Israel”. (Meaning to destroy Israel.) Rachael picks up other broadcasts in which she heard where the Saudis said Obama have three commands from the Saudis: Command #1: To destroy the Shiite regime in Iran. That will be done by Israel. (Happening) Command #2: Destroy Israel. I.e., let Iran and Israel duke it out. (Happened) Israel attacks Iran and they destroy each other; destroy two birds with one stone. (Iran deal to destroy Israel announced on ominous date) Command #3: Make America a Muslim country. The plan is to bring tens of millions of Muslims into the United States. (There appears to be plenty of proof of this statement on Muslim broadcasts: Unscreened Muslims are flooding the U.S. by over 100,000 a year. 190 U.S. cities chosen by the Administration for invasion by Muslims. ISIS is in the US and will attack. Will ISIS Attack on American Soil Soon? Avi's comments: When things get really bad, Obama will be on the Muslim side. He is working with Iran now to push Israel into a corner where they will have to defend themselves. ISIS was born primarily by Saudi, Turkey, and the American backing of these Sunnis. Avi says what will end up being a perfect storm when Shiites attack Saudi Arabia from Yemen (the south)(done) and ISIS attacks them from the north. But ISIS hates the royalty because their morality copies the West. Egypt will come in from the west to save the royals. And Avi wonders if it might become so bad for the Saudi royalty that they will ask Israel to attack from the north. Considering the things truly coming on the world what Kind of person should we be? Luk.21:34 But take heed to yourselves, lest haply your hearts be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of this life, and that day come on you suddenly as a snare: 35 for so shall it come upon all them that dwell on the face of all the earth. 36 But watch ye at every season, making supplication, that ye may prevail to escape all these things that shall come to pass, and to stand before the Son of man. 2Pe 3:11 Seeing that these things are thus all to be dissolved, what manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy living and godliness, 12 looking for and earnestly desiring the coming of the day of God, by reason of which the heavens being on fire shall be dissolved, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat? 13 But, according to his promise, we look for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness. 14 Wherefore, beloved, seeing that ye look for these things, give diligence that ye may be found in peace, without spot and blameless in his sight. 15 And account that the longsuffering of our Lord is salvation; even as our beloved brother Paul also, according to the wisdom given to him, wrote unto you; 16 as also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these things; wherein are some things hard to be understood, which the ignorant and unstedfast wrest, as they do also the other scriptures, unto their own destruction. 17 Ye therefore, beloved, knowing these things beforehand, beware lest, being carried away with the error of the wicked, ye fall from your own steadfastness. 18 But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. To him be the glory both now and for ever. Amen.   Fleeing Bradon @ Last Days – 11/10/25 (David's notes in red) Brandon pieced together two previous video clips from 7/21/25 and 7/17/25 about what he sees in New York prior to the November election and its outcome. Portions of transcript: “…I see a mass exodus of all the rich people leaving New York because of the decisions that will be made in the future. (November elections) I saw New York City on fire. There were fires throughout the city. I could see the Statue of Liberty, and I saw smoke rolling all around the atmosphere above it. Even at her neck level, there was fire and smoke from inside the city, and I could see the flames burning.” The Lord said, “The seed is the ballot. For when they vote a wrong person into power, they vote corruption into power, and the seeds they sow for corruption bring forth a reprobate mind in the city.” “For seed time and harvest never ceases. For it is whatsoever man sows, that will he also reap.” He said, “There's a time to live and there's a time to die. There's a time to sew and there's a time to reap. A time to plant and a time to harvest.” He was saying this because they had sown in this way. And the Lord showed me David Wilkerson's face, and He said, “Remember what he said. Go and look at what he said. I gave a word to him. I spoke a prophetic warning through David Wilkerson years ago. Go find it and study it. I want you to hear what he prophesied would happen as people vote in the wrong people.” This is the prophetic word from David Wilkerson: “I stood in this pulpit two weeks ago, and it took every bit of Holy Ghost courage He could give me to say what I had to say. But I have felt this for weeks. I believe that New York City is in for 30 days of chastisement, such as America has never seen in any American city. I see at least a thousand fires burning in every burrow. Every business that's on the brink right now, deciding whether to move out of the city, will move. There's a hemorrhage already, and the economic base is collapsing. We're a third-world city already. I don't care what Mayor Dinkens says. It's a third-world city. We have a murder every hour on the hour now. A major crime every 20 seconds. This is a murder city. And I believe that we're going to see such chaos and anarchy in New York City coming. I don't know when, but I don't think it's too far off. And I don't know what's going to set it off. There will be no planes, trains, or anything coming into this city for probably two weeks. And all those who have money and are able to will escape. And New York City, our crown city, because of its absolute rebellion against God, its absolute sinfulness and wickedness, is going to be chastised. And this is God! He could have sent hydrogen bombs from Russia before this, and society would have collapsed and wiped us off the map. But no, He gives us warnings. He slaps our wrist and says, “Look, I'm talking to you.” And that's what AIDS is. It's a message. All of these calamities are messages. And God's saying, ‘Wake up.'” Brandon says, “I feel like that word is exactly what I saw. I saw thousands of fires burning inside New York. I saw a mass exodus of people leaving New York, but it would become a ruinous heap. There was judgment set in; I'm telling y'all folks, it was bad. People were leaving New York City, and I saw them going south.” The Lord spoke to me, and He said, “Mystery Babylon is coming.” And that is probably very controversial to many because a lot of people believe differently about who Mystery Babylon is. But the Lord spoke to me specifically about New York. And He said, “It's coming.” I saw Gavin Newsom's time is coming up. I saw former President Biden getting ready to go home soon. I saw him being buried; he's old, right? Everybody's going to die, right? But the Lord said it's coming. We also pray over Trump and his kids because if they can't get to him, they try to get to what he loves the most, his kids and grandkids. These people want revenge for their leaders in Iran. There's an enemy within. We must pray for an uncovering and turning on the light, exposing the cockroaches who are in our nation. Next clip: “I see people making big decisions. Relocation, relocation, relocation. This is a lot of people moving from the East Coast to the central area, like the Chicago area, and all around Ohio. They're being stirred on the East Coast, moving down [south]. Big decisions will be made around New York… “ Darkness is trying to set in. Great Mystery Babylon! It will be like a dark blanket will blanket over them. If they choose this man, I see a dark blanket blanketing, and people will flee. I hear the word, “Flee, flee, flee...” They will leave by the tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands. People, I see them fleeing as he's voted in. People will know that this is the end. Well, Father, you know, if he'll be voted in or not. I'm seeing that it is going to happen. He said, “No, they still have a choice. They have a choice to vote.” The Lord held up a veil, and I don't see the outcome. But I see the outcome if they vote this way concerning this man. I see a dark, dark cloud, like a dark blanket over them. And I see financial structures falling. I see the financial institution, all the money falling. I see them fleeing the city. It's like a mass migration and people fleeing from certain areas.   Crime Will Skyrocket  InfoWARS – 11/10/25 (David's notes in red) Mamdani Says He'll Replace Fleeing NY Cops with Social Workers by Raw Egg Nationalist, November 10th, 2025 New York's socialist mayor-elect Zohran Mamdani has said he's not bothered about facing a backlash from the city's police department, as he reiterated his plan to use social workers to carry out law-enforcement duties instead. (I would not be surprised if he got some of these people killed.) Mamdani was in Puerto Rico on Friday for a meeting of New York politicians when he spoke to reporters and said the increase in the numbers of police officers leaving the force is a clear sign his radical policies are needed. Mamdani seems confused as to why police have started leaving the force at a rate of 350 per month during his campaign. Promises to fix this with a plan for a Department of Community Safety… which he campaigned on. pic.twitter.com/cwnUDT6iun — Libby Emmons (@libbyemmons) November 8, 2025 Transcript: “I'm not worried about the backlash. What I'm worried about, frankly, is the continuation of a retention crisis that we've seen only deepen during the course of this campaign,” Mamdani said. “When we began, there were about 200 officers leaving a month, and by the end of the campaign, it was about 350. And a lot of that has to do with the fact that we've asked police officers for far too long to do much more than just police work. We've asked them to be responding to the mental health crisis and the homelessness crisis (OMG), and that's why we're going to create a Department of Community Safety that will be tasked with accomplishing those facts and allowing police officers to be police officers.” Mamdani has enjoyed a fraught relationship with New York's police force since announcing his run for mayor. Like many radical leftists, he has called for “abolishing the police,” and during the campaign he promised sweeping reform of law-enforcement, including bail reform. Senior police figures have been vocal in their criticism of him. “If you put a guy like him in there, our people are going to get hurt, and nobody's going to want the job. It's going to put recruitment back five more steps,” NYPD Detectives' Endowment Association president Scott Munro said in a statement to The New York Post in June. “I've had guys call me and say, ‘If he wins, I'm quitting,'” a police source also told the outlet “It's just weird that New York City would vote for him. I know he's not here for the police.” During his visit to Puerto Rico, Mamdani visited a local mosque and was greeted with loud chants of “Allahu Akhbar”—”God is great!” Footage of Mamdani's visit was posted to social media. He delivered a speech in which he focused on major aspects of his radical campaign, including “economic justice” and “exploitation,” and invoked radical figures, including Malcolm X. He also helped distribute meals at the mosque after Friday prayers. Zohran Mamdani won the mayoral race last Tuesday, defeating former state governor Andrew Cuomo, who ran as an independent, and Republican candidate Curtis Sliwa. Mamdani was widely predicted to win the race. He has promised a radical socialist program, including criminal-justice reform, rent controls and increased taxes for white neighborhoods, and is also rumored to want to turn New York into a national “sanctuary” for gender-realignment surgery. Infowars reported yesterday that a GOP lawmaker has proposed a new “Mamdani Act” to limit federal funding for New York while Zohran Mamdani is mayor. The legislation, which will be introduced by Rep. Buddy Carter (R-Ga.), is called the Moving American Money Distant from Anti-National Interests Act, or the “MAMDANI Act” for short. The short bill, just two pages long, states “notwithstanding any other provision of law, during any period in which Zohran Mamdani is mayor of New York, New York… any unobligated Federal funds available” for the city “are hereby rescinded” and “no Federal funds may be obligated or expended for any purpose to New York, New York.”   The Coming Coup d'état Rick Sergent - 07/18/2012 (David's notes in red) Wednesday night, I had a vision. I saw President Obama. He was at a desk. For whatever reason, it did not look like the one in the Oval Office. It seemed to be a smaller room. He was sitting at this desk and stood up when this military man came in. He appeared to be a general. He had stars on his shoulders. He did not look like a U.S. military man. On each shoulder was a red patch. He also had a red patch or mark on the front of his military cap. (It could symbolize the U.S. military submitting to a socialist, Marxist, communist-type government.) The president started to talk, and the general just listened. When the president stood up, he took and raised his left hand and made a fist. He first appeared to slam his fist on the desk. The Lord seemed to zoom me in for a closer look. He had not slammed his fist on the desk, but rather a black Bible on the desk. (The Koran calls Christians and Jews “The people of the Book”. This suggests he will deal harshly with them.) At the time he did this, he said these words to the general: “The people must know that I am the one in control here! We must have boots on the ground to every major city in this country. In smaller cities and towns, the police must know to uphold this law!” The general just nodded his head in acknowledgement and saluted, then left. The vision ended. (This speaks of the coming of martial law when the Constitution and law of the land are overturned, and the US will be ruled by executive order. This could also speak of enforcing Islamic Sharia law.) Quran references At-Taubah 9:29-30 about killing the Jews and the Christians: YUSUFALI: Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya (Muslim tax) with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued. PICKTHAL: Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as they believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low. SHAKIR: Fight those who do not believe in Allah, nor in the latter day, nor do they prohibit what Allah and His Messenger have prohibited, nor follow the religion of truth, out of those who have been given the Book, until they pay the tax in acknowledgment of superiority and they are in a state of subjection. More on Sharia Law in the Obama Care Bill and paying the tax or Jizya or tribute spoken of above. A diktat is a settlement imposed on a conquered people. >Beat Obama Committee deciphers stealth Sharia law in Obamacare God turned the U.S. over to this coup because it turned down His peace, love and grace to be saved. Christians are guilty because they have given few examples of true Christianity to the world. Now a cross awaits.   Communism in the White House Dream Winnie Osegueda – 4/22/24 (David's notes in red) I had this vivid dream yesterday when I took a nap, and I was thinking about it and praying about it. Then this morning, I heard Missy bring up the many Chinese people coming through our border and the communists in our government, and I thought there could be a correlation with this dream. I dreamt that I was in front of what looked like the White House, except in my dream, there was an outdoor balcony with a staircase. At the top of the staircase was an Asian couple (who I believe were Chinese) (or representing the Chinese Communists) who were just newly elected to be President and First Lady of the United States (Will this begin in NYC?). They were a young couple, and they seemed pretty surprised to be elected. They were told that the people voted for them. The young Chinese man was a little shorter than the woman, who was wearing a sleeveless white dress and had long, flowing black hair. At first, the couple looked normal, but when I looked up again, the Chinese man's face was now painted bright red; he almost looked like a cartoonish version of Satan (communists?) Suddenly, I was now an observer from the top of the stairs/balcony as if I could see through the eyes of the Chinese woman, and from the top of the stairs, I saw a flood of Chinese people now rushing up the steps of the White House. It seemed to be that this Chinese man and woman being elected opened the floodgates for all these other Chinese people to come in. (This is happening, and the cops and Christians are fleeing NYC.) I began to weep.   The Red Dragon of Revelation 12 Invading Then I looked across the field and saw Obama on another balcony, located across from, but slightly to the left of where I and the couple were standing. I heard Obama say that if the couple would not do it, he would, as he could see there was some hesitation on the woman's part. I believe he meant that he would take over and do the job if they could not, or would not, get the job done. Obama seemed desperate. I could see that he desperately still desired to rule and be President, and really didn't want to let go. He was crouching down trying to get attention by putting his hands through the bars of the balcony. And then I woke up. End of dream. I asked the Lord for a verse by faith at random and received: Jer.5:13 (12-18 for context) They have denied the Lord, and said, It is not he; neither shall evil come upon us; neither shall we see sword nor famine: 13 and the prophets shall become wind, and the word is not in them: thus shall it be done unto them 14 Wherefore thus saith the Lord, the God of hosts, Because ye speak this word, behold, I will make my words in thy mouth fire, and this people wood, and it shall devour them. 15 Lo, I will bring a nation upon you from far, O house of Israel, saith the Lord: it is a mighty nation, it is an ancient nation, a nation whose language thou knowest not, neither understandest what they say. 16 Their quiver is an open sepulchre, they are all mighty men. 17 And they shall eat up thy harvest, and thy bread, which thy sons and thy daughters should eat; they shall eat up thy flocks and thy herds; they shall eat up thy vines and thy fig-trees; they shall beat down thy fortified cities, wherein thou trustest, with the sword. 18 But even in those days, saith the Lord, I will not make a full end with you. Psa.56:4 (4-9 for context) In God (I will praise his word), In God have I put my trust, I will not be afraid; What can flesh do unto me? 5 All the day long they wrest my words: All their thoughts are against me for evil. 6 They gather themselves together, they hide themselves, They mark my steps, Even as they have waited for my soul. 7 Shall they escape by iniquity? In anger cast down the peoples, O God. 8 Thou numberest my wanderings: Put thou my tears into thy bottle; Are they not in thy book? 9 Then shall mine enemies turn back in the day that I call: This I know, that God is for me.   Obama Wants to be Worshiped as a God.  Debbie Horton 11/7/25 When Obama was running the first time, or maybe right after he was “elected,” I had a dream that made no sense to me, so I didn't send it in. The main part I recall is that on the subway steps in NYC (BTW some stations are several levels deep), on each landing, there were votive candles burning, but instead of a picture of the Virgin Mary or Jesus, there was a picture of Obama. People were worshiping him. BTW, the subway appeared to be almost empty and shabby and was very dimly lit.   The Trail of Tears Marie Kelton – 11/6/25 (David's notes in red) (We are now native Americans and the trail of tears is a warning to us that history repeats.) During lunch, I went to the Sequoia museum, and I saw on the sign that it said, “The Trail of Tears”. But I didn't think anything of it. As I was eating lunch, the sign came back to my mind, and I asked the Lord, “Oh, is this where the Trail of Tears happened?” All of a sudden, I heard what sounded like native American chanting and drumming. I had an open vision. Native Americans were walking on the gravel trail that was before me. I saw snow on the ground, and there were native Americans covered with brown blankets. There was a Confederate soldier behind the line of native Americans, and I guess one was walking too slowly because he pushed the native American to hurry up and walk faster. Behind the Confederate soldier was a native American man wearing a native American outfit with long pants and a long-sleeved shirt. He was beating a double-sided drum that was in front of him, attached to his chest with powwow drumsticks in both of his hands. Then I had another open vision while looking in the field of native Americans in a circle, and one was dancing by a fire wearing the native American war bonnet. A little way behind them was a bunch of teepees. And I saw Native Americans working outside with their children. And then I heard the Lord say, “They served the creature rather than the Creator.” (Like many Americans) Rom.1:24-25: “Wherefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts unto uncleanness, that their bodies should be dishonored among themselves: for that they exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshipped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen.” I looked it up on the internet because I wanted to know why the Confederate soldier was in the vision. I learned that the Confederates didn't have anything to do with the Trail of Tears. The Confederacy was formed some years later, but that Trail of Tears influence had caused a division among the Native American tribes, and some of the native American tribes took part in the Civil War becoming allies with the Confederates, the treaties were made with them.   Left, Then Right, Fall Rick Sergent - November 2009 (David's notes in red) I saw a vision of President Obama's face in the foreground. In the background was the White House. There were red numbers floating and circling around his head. The numbers were 666. (The apostle Paul said the spirit of antichrist is already in the world.) I then saw what appeared to be three puffs of white smoke coming from the LEFT SIDE of the outside of the White House. The smoke came straight up, one after the other, three times. I then saw another vision of Nancy Pelosi. She was standing on a platform inside a building. There were many people in what appeared to be a large room. In the vision, I was standing in front of her, toward her left side. I did not see how many people were behind me. Then, all of a sudden, I saw Nancy Pelosi's head get rocked to the right side from an unseen force from the LEFT SIDE. Her head then bounced off her right shoulder and came up, then she crumpled down on the floor. The vision then ended. (She has become a liability to the Left for the Right have all the info on her J-6 deception.) That night, I had a dream. Nancy Pelosi was in the newspaper. I just knew it was an obituary. Even though I did not see the words, I felt in the dream that she was dead. (It appears she was a promoter of the J6 deception to take out Trump.) Then I woke up. Later on, my youngest son, Jeremy, came over the next day and said, “Dad, I had a dream and we were in it. We tried to tell people we were in the tribulation, but nobody would believe us, Dad”. (Even after the trib starts pre-tribbers will be denying it.) This vision and dream were pretty heavy on me, and finally I felt released to share this. I'm not going to try to interpret this. It may be literal or symbolic, as in political suicide(s) -- three puffs of smoke (three leftist leaders ???) I have my own idea, but I'd rather not say. Note from David: 11/15/10 update: Rick's vision appears to have been right on. Possibly, this means three key leaders committed political suicide by going against what the overwhelming majority of Americans wanted with their socialistic agenda. There certainly was a purge. Even the left realizes that they overstepped and asked Nancy Pelosi to step aside now. I'll leave it to you to decide who the most important three were. Update 2025: Could it be the leftist leaders pushing the government shutdown? I believe from past revelations that the left's fall is temporary, and what will follow could be something like this: The NWO crowd, who started all these wars for their own power grab, will sacrifice their right wing, who, with the Christians who supported them, will be blamed for getting us into these wars. It appears the 9/11 false flag from the right is being revealed more publicly so that the next false flag from the left will be blamed on the right and the Christian “terrorists” who supported it. The NWO has been spreading literature and hatred against the right for some time, using the word “terrorists” even in memos to civil authorities and police. Obama has made steps to clear the way for them to go after Bush and the right wing for war crimes. Christians will be persecuted for their support. The next strike on the U.S. will hasten this. Tribulation is coming soon after a terrible war. Most won't believe it is the tribulation.   Civil War Is Coming Mary Dooley - 01/07/2009 (David's notes in red) In the dream, I was standing at a crossroads that was close to the beach, in that I could clearly see the open sky over the ocean in front of me. (I had asked God to tell me if I had any fruit before I went to sleep, and had the dream and at the crossroads where I was standing, I was next to a fruit stand. If I had to quantify the amount, I'd say it was 60% my height. (I am going for the 100-fold.) To my right, I could see that there was a battle in the air, as I could see the smoke from the jets. To my left, two planes that were unlike any I have ever seen (and I have seen quite a few since 1988, living on or near military bases), they were speeding at low level toward the battle. (A battle for the “air waves” between left and right, first politically and then physically.) I knew in the dream that they were Turkish. They were totally black. (Turkey fell out with Israel over the Gaza war and is pushing the left more to the left, if that's possible, concerning their support for Israel. They have also threatened Israel if they move against the puppets of the Iranians. The first nation to fall to the new Babylon one world order was Israel [Jer.25:17,18,29], which is also a type for Christianity.) Next, from the left again, something was coming in the air. It was something big and black, with black smoke coming out from it in all directions. As it got closer, I could see something orange on its nose. Then I realized it was a black airship or blimp, (notice both sides are in darkness) and the orange thing on the nose was a jack-o-lantern. (This represents Halloween, Babylon DS's “Satan's birthday”, when the Celts say the living are closest to the dead and the forces of darkness are at work) The eyes, nose and mouth were orange because the inside of the airship was on fire. As the airship passed in front of me, I saw that it was slowing down and being totally consumed internally, as the orange flames were destroying it quickly. It stopped in front of me and fell into the ocean. (There is a battle going on for the “airwaves” before the physical battle. The left has used many inventions to shoot down the conservatives' command of the “airwaves”. On a more natural level, blimps cannot compete with jets, which are weapons. They are clumsy, slow, lack power and are relics of the past for warfare. This spiritually describes the badly outmatched right-wing when the U.S. is turned over to chastening by the communists and Islamists. The right have plenty of evidence of their evil but are slow to enforce it. The conservative Babylonish Christian movement that is rising up to “take the nation back” from the left wing who is trying to kill everybody with their weapons to have control. Vax, chemtrails, poison in food and water and animals we eat, engineered hurricanes, earthquakes, Satanism rising, etc. Other 9/11's are coming from the Left, and the blame will be put on the Right in part because so much proof is coming forward of the Bush administration's part in the first 9/11 that they will be blamed for this, too, by the left and the left-wing media. Like the Kirk assassination and threats against Tucker and other right wing influencers. The left is putting the blame on the right-wing Christian defenders of Israel, while they slaughter Gaza. This causes anger against Christians.) I felt like I should run to higher ground because the airship was so big, and I was so close that it might cause a big wave to hit me (This will bring great persecution to the Christians), so I ran upstairs into one of the nearby, rather short buildings behind me. (Christians will no doubt need to get to the High and Holy Ground of Scriptural foundation to escape this coming disaster from the division of America. The scriptures declare that militant Christians will lose this battle badly in the eyes of the world. Crucifixions are coming for those who need them. The Pharisees laughed at Jesus, thinking He lost on the cross. Listen to U.S. Covenant & Civil War) Now I knew I was on a Navy base, as I went up about one or two stories and an enlisted man in uniform was leaning back in his chair, with his hands behind his head, rather unconcerned. He was at the back end of what looked to be a small movie theatre, with the screen to my left. No one was in the room but the enlisted man who, from where he was sitting, would probably be the person running the projector. I told him what had happened, and he said, “Yes, my father was on that airship.” I was surprised at how unmoved he was. (A younger left-wing generation that has rebelled against the conservative morals and constitutional respect of the forefathers will show no mercy or pity on them in the coming civil war. An antichrist spirit is sweeping the world, much like anti-Semitism during the Nazi era. A great backlash against the Christians will come from this. The Left will have complete control over the media, typed by the movie projector, to bring a worldwide persecution of Christianity. Most Christians will not believe that this is of God to bring back true Christianity through persecution and revival. Read Sovereign God for rest and peace.) Next, I was outside at the crossroads again. (Crossroads here represents a fateful change for the future.) Now I could see that there was a convoy, almost like a parade, coming home from the direction of the air battle. I got the impression they were victorious, as they did not even appear tired or dirty, more like inspection-ready. They were sitting in tiers, like bleachers, on top of a vehicle bringing them back to the base. They were in camouflage uniforms, wearing dark glasses and holding flags. (These are hiding from the truth willfully; hiding from the Son, behind patriotism.) The flags were full-size and easy to see, as each person had a flag and held it stretched out in front of him. The flags were stiff, like posters, and they were held on each end. (The flags were stiff, cheap fakes of what the real flag that was blown by the wind stood for. Also, this is a “false flag” banner of victory over the right-wing and Christians.) Now I could see that the flags were distinctly Confederate, and the convoy was taking the curve in the road to their left. There were only two choices at this intersection: curve sharply to the left, or sharply to the right. I did not see anyone going to the right. (The conservative/religious right will lose badly. The rebels against our forefathers' morality will win. The country will turn sharply to the left, where the goats go in Jesus' parable. Like the Confederate rebels, their interest is to cast off any moral or constitutional restraint and keep black men, as a type of those who walk in darkness, or sinners, in bondage. Like the confederates, their money will also be worthless.) End of dream. On the 11th of January, I was at work. A Christian patient was about to leave when suddenly she remembered that her teenage daughter had a dream that night. She said an angel took her into the air, where there was a tremendous air battle going on, and it was so loud and disturbing that she covered her ears, and then the angel brought her back to her bed. She then woke her mom up to tell her and was crying because it was so disturbing, and she is only 16. I told her mom about my dream. (The argument between right and left will get very loud, polarizing the country and tearing it apart.) About three days after this, I called my very good friend, Ellen. I told her that I had had a dream that I wanted to tell her. She stopped me and said she just had one, and so she told me her dream first. She said that she was caught in the middle of a war that was about to start. She said she was trying to find cover behind a house, and that the battle was about to begin, and she was trying to help a little girl find cover, too. I asked her what kind of battle -- as in modern, or something from the past. She said, “It's a revolutionary...no, it's a civil war”. I believe this Civil War will escalate from the war of words over the “air” waves to physical weapons sometime soon. The negative rhetoric is causing people, especially leftists, to go crazy Many say guns will be needed if others fail to submit to their principles. Communists and Islamists are already this way. Polarization is everywhere. If you, as a Christian, think God has called you to fight and kill, you desperately need to read The Sword or the Cross? and listen to the Honor the king? series. Many Christians are victims of neglecting their Bibles and their consciences. Remember, if a man's ways please the Lord, He makes his enemies to be at peace with him. Obviously God is raising up a beast to bring Christians to their cross. God is not pleased with “Christianity” as a whole and is therefore bringing the beast to conquer her, as history repeats.   Civil War in the USA? The Visions 1/21/13 - Andrew Strom (David's notes in red; hyperlinks added) Before the recent US election and “gun” controversy, many would have laughed at the idea of a Civil War or similar conflict in America. I guess it is not quite so “laughable” now. I got a lot of nasty and bitter personal attacks aimed at me last week over my article, Do Christians Love Guns? People accused me of all kinds of twisted motivations for publishing such a thing. But the honest truth is that I am genuinely concerned. Concerned for a country that I love and a people that I love. I feel many Christians are being driven into a great anger that can only result in grief. Perhaps when you read the prophecies below, you will understand my concern. I truly would hate to see any of my friends caught up in such a conflict. Here are the visions: Kenny Atnip (Jan 2013)- “Some time ago, God showed me and some others that America would enter an internal war. You can call it a civil war, or revolutionary war, or anything you like, but it is coming. God showed me plainly that many Christians would be tempted to be part of a war against the government and that this war would be part of his judgment on the U.S.A. and we should not get involved. The current government's actions are because of God's judgment, so he who resists this government resists God's ordinance. Global war is coming as well, and America will be attacked, and after all of these things, I saw a time of peace again in the land. America will be humbled and once again look to God as its provider and defender. The message to Christians here in America is the same that Jeremiah told to Judah- Submit to God's judgment and it will go well for you, resist and it will cost some their lives and others their freedom.”... Hans Petter (June 2008)- “I started to see a movie in the spirit. In the First Act, Obama was elected as president, and he was the door opener for the next thing that happened. Dark skies came over the USA with thunderstorms. People were fighting against each other in the streets. Tires and cars were burning in the streets. People were really suffering, screaming for help and they had nothing to eat or a home. It was a hard time. The cities were burning. I saw a gap start to split the nation. It started in California (The “wild” fires for their “land grab” (Palisades fire), for their “Smart Cities” and the DS-funded, Antifa led riots, destroying Los Angeles and other blue cities.) moved forward across the nation and ended up by the East Coast, north of New York. (Civil War) Act 2. Then people started to pray for help and ask for help from Jesus. I saw two eagles (prophets) that came flying from the east and behind came Jesus. Healing came to USA and Jesus restored the cities and people's lives.” (Man-child ministry) Darren Smith (June 2009)- “Last night, while praying before I went to bed, the Lord gave me a vision that really rattled me. In the vision, I saw this land split into four parts, with each one under its own flag. Each region had terrible destruction, and many people were dead. As I looked over the destruction, I was crying, and the Lord asked me, “Why are you crying over the fall of Babylon? As a matter of fact, why have you been praying for the healing of Babylon?” In this vision, I didn't have an answer and the Lord opened a scroll and started reading off the indictments against our country, but before each one He clearly called the USA Babylon. The list was long and to the point, with such points as the killing of several generations of unborn children. Besides this charge, He added that these babies had been sacrificed to the god of self. The list also included greed, idolatry, pride, fornication, and many others, so many that I could not even read them all. As I looked at the list of charges, I was overwhelmed and broken by the fact that we live every day in a nation that is so far removed from God and in total opposition to the Kingdom of God, yet we are comfortable here. We have become just like Lot living in Sodom; the prosperity that the nation offers us has blinded us from the evil that rules this land. We complain about how bad it is, but still stay attached to it with every ounce of strength we have. The Lord told me to look at the nation as He sees it, not through my eyes but through His. I could not look too long before I had to agree and repent of loving Babylon. Once I repented, the Lord told me to prepare for the fall as time is running out. I must preach the Gospel of the Kingdom, not the Gospel of America. America is already judged; the time of shaking is now and will increase rapidly.”... 'Journey' (Jan 2013)- “I too believe that the United States is headed for a civil war or something to that nature. I have friends who are in the “Patriot” movement, so I hear of things happening that the media will never report. In a nutshell, here is my conclusion to what I hear. There have been hundreds of thousands of assault rifles sold in the past year. There have been laws and rules put into force against assault rifles. Why would this conflict be?... A move to rile up the people has been put into play. Arm the people and then make laws to make them revolt against the Government. The underlying purpose is actually to cause the individual states to secede from the union... Divide and conquer is the idea”. Kenny Atnip - “Civil War in U.S”. (Dec 2010)- “My 16-year-old daughter, Maryann, had a dream a few days ago. She dreamed of civil war against the current government. The scene was very chaotic, and those in rebellion to the government were going house to house, forcing any and all men to join with them. Many of us Christians were in hiding, not willing to join in a rebellion against the government. She awoke in the middle of the night with a strong taste of blood in her mouth. Her 13-year-old sister, Aimee, woke up as well and immediately asked her what was wrong. The 16-year-old said that she had the taste of blood in her mouth, to which the 13-year-old asked, “Were you dreaming of war?” Somehow, she knew that she was dreaming of war. Last November, my three-year-old son, Jeremiah, slept with Mom and Dad. He awoke at 5:30 AM yelling, “War is coming ... people are dying ... people are crying to God”. He has no idea what these things are. It woke me up from a dead sleep, and I sat up and looked at him. He was wide awake... We will have 5 years of terror and turmoil beginning very soon... I believe the government will begin rounding up people who are on a list. If we are on that list, don't resist or run; God sends some away to protect them. God will vindicate the righteous in his time”. Donald replies, “Kenny- that advice is the same as that given to the Israelites. Don't resist when King Nebuchadnezzar comes to take you away. If you go willingly, you will be established in a foreign land; if you resist you will die. (We may or may not actually die, but our lives could become so miserable that we will wish we would die). Good advice for all of us at this unsettling time”. 'Journey' replies- “Yes, Kenny, Good advice. It is better to serve God while in captivity than to die resisting His purpose. God is doing this to the Church because of their pride and arrogance. God is humbling His Church”.

This month on Q&Q #exclusive to @saturo-sounds we welcome the SUBLIME @slowted2 to the 1s + 0s

This month on Q&Q #exclusive to @saturo-sounds we welcome the SUBLIME @slowted2 to the 1s + 0s

This month on Q&Q #exclusive to @saturo-sounds we welcome the SUBLIME @slowted2 to the 1s + 0s

This week we're talking about artists from indigenous European artists from Spain, Australia and Scandinavia, and who better to join us than the hilarious comedian Jana Schmieding of Rutherford Falls & Reservation Dogs? Jana and the boys talk about the intersection of Eurovision with the many indigenous peoples of Europe, and listen to some great songs. Jeremy's still salty about 2024, Dimitry shares the many things joik can be about, Jana becomes an instant fan, and Oscar spots a claw wig. Listen to Jana's podcast, Sage-Based Wisdom: https://www.buzzsprout.com/2396251Watch this week's songs on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mGrJMHNGm2A&list=PLd2EbKTi9fyXAx5Ze4fhTHtwoHuFf2qOaThis week's companion playlist: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/7Ay1vNpdMP94BRDjrcWDkU The Eurovangelists are Jeremy Bent, Oscar Montoya and Dimitry Pompée.The theme was arranged and recorded by Cody McCorry and Faye Fadem, and the logo was designed by Tom Deja.Production support for this show was provided by the Maximum Fun network.The show is edited by Jeremy Bent with audio mixing help was courtesy of Shane O'Connell.Find Eurovangelists on social media as @eurovangelists on Instagram and @eurovangelists.com on Bluesky, or send us an email at eurovangelists@gmail.com. Head to https://maxfunstore.com/collections/eurovangelists for Eurovangelists merch. Also follow the Eurovangelists account on Spotify and check out our playlists of Eurovision hits, competitors in upcoming national finals, and companion playlists to every single episode, including this one!

As the Sami community (Norway) struggles to protect ancestral lands from the building of a damn in 1979, Oslo detective Hans Sorensen arrives in the north of the country to investigate sabotage on a damn. Then a body is discovered, and Sorensen has to delve into his own past and heritage. He is Sami but no longer immersed in the culture, and Sorensen is also mourning the recent death of his wife, so he's hesitant to return to his hometown. He ends up following the trail of two women, a journalist and a musician, and discovers the writings of a relative, a real-life Sami author who wrote about his struggle to survive. If the Owl Calls (Sharon White, WTAW Press 2025) is a fascinating mystery filled with Norwegian and Sami history, about identity and memory. Sharon White is an award-winning author whose work spans nonfiction, poetry, and fiction. She has written extensively about nature, place, and memory, bringing a lyrical and reflective voice to her storytelling. Her books include Vanished Gardens, the AWP Award in Creative Nonfiction winner; Boiling Lake, winner of the Italo Calvino Prize in Fabulist Fiction; and Minato Sketches, a Rosemary Daniell Prize winner. White received her BA in English Literature from Colby College and spent a year studying at Manchester College, Oxford University. She has an MFA from Goddard College, where she was a member of the first class of graduates in Ellen Bryant Voigt's innovative program. She holds a PhD in English Literature from the University of Denver. An Associate Professor Emerita at Temple University, White has dedicated her career to writing and teaching. A passionate traveler, she draws inspiration from diverse landscapes and cultures. In Scandinavia she researched the life of Danish painter Emilie Demant Hatt, and in 2019, as an artist-in-residence in Dunedin, New Zealand, she immersed in the region's literary and artistic culture. She has also taught creative writing at Temple University Japan. She lives in Philadelphia with her husband, Scott Masker. When not working or traveling, she loves to garden and take walks around the city. She also enjoys skiing and biking. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Interview with Nic Earner, Managing Director of Alkane Resources Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/alkane-resources-asxalk-post-merger-gold-producer-targets-180k-aueq-ounces-7916Recording date: 17th November 2025Alkane Resources has successfully completed its transformational merger with Mandalay Resources, establishing itself as a diversified mid-tier gold producer with three operating mines across Australia and Sweden. The integration, finalized in August 2025, has delivered on all key strategic objectives while positioning the company for its next phase of growth in a strengthening gold price environment.The merger has transformed Alkane's market profile substantially. Production guidance now stands at 160,000-175,000 ounces annually, with management targeting a 180,000-ounce run rate by next year. Market capitalization has expanded from approximately A$900 million at the pro-forma merger date to around A$1.4 billion currently. Trading liquidity has improved dramatically, with daily ASX turnover reaching A$8 million and the company securing placement in the ASX 300 index while approaching ASX 200 status.Perhaps most significantly, Alkane maintains a pristine balance sheet with A$170 million in cash and bullion and zero debt beyond equipment financing. This financial strength, combined with the company's largely unhedged production profile, creates substantial cash generation capacity. Managing Director Nic Earner explained the mathematics: with 80% of production unhedged, "each 100 bucks you add to the gold price, it's 15 million bucks" in additional cash flow.Looking ahead, management has established a 12-month timeline for potential acquisitions while maintaining strict jurisdictional discipline, focusing exclusively on tier-one regions including Australia, New Zealand, USA, Canada, and Scandinavia. Simultaneously, operational priorities center on cost reduction at Sweden's Bjorkdal mine, where initiatives could reduce all-in sustaining costs by 20-25% from US$2,700 to approximately US$2,200 through production increases and grade optimization.The company's disciplined capital allocation framework, operational focus, and accelerating cash generation position Alkane as a compelling investment opportunity in the current gold market environment, with management emphasizing that superior cash accumulation should drive valuation re-rating versus comparable peers.View Alkane Resources' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/alkane-resourcesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

As the Sami community (Norway) struggles to protect ancestral lands from the building of a damn in 1979, Oslo detective Hans Sorensen arrives in the north of the country to investigate sabotage on a damn. Then a body is discovered, and Sorensen has to delve into his own past and heritage. He is Sami but no longer immersed in the culture, and Sorensen is also mourning the recent death of his wife, so he's hesitant to return to his hometown. He ends up following the trail of two women, a journalist and a musician, and discovers the writings of a relative, a real-life Sami author who wrote about his struggle to survive. If the Owl Calls (Sharon White, WTAW Press 2025) is a fascinating mystery filled with Norwegian and Sami history, about identity and memory. Sharon White is an award-winning author whose work spans nonfiction, poetry, and fiction. She has written extensively about nature, place, and memory, bringing a lyrical and reflective voice to her storytelling. Her books include Vanished Gardens, the AWP Award in Creative Nonfiction winner; Boiling Lake, winner of the Italo Calvino Prize in Fabulist Fiction; and Minato Sketches, a Rosemary Daniell Prize winner. White received her BA in English Literature from Colby College and spent a year studying at Manchester College, Oxford University. She has an MFA from Goddard College, where she was a member of the first class of graduates in Ellen Bryant Voigt's innovative program. She holds a PhD in English Literature from the University of Denver. An Associate Professor Emerita at Temple University, White has dedicated her career to writing and teaching. A passionate traveler, she draws inspiration from diverse landscapes and cultures. In Scandinavia she researched the life of Danish painter Emilie Demant Hatt, and in 2019, as an artist-in-residence in Dunedin, New Zealand, she immersed in the region's literary and artistic culture. She has also taught creative writing at Temple University Japan. She lives in Philadelphia with her husband, Scott Masker. When not working or traveling, she loves to garden and take walks around the city. She also enjoys skiing and biking. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/literature

In the ancient peaks of Scandinavia, an intelligent mountain spirit lures experienced hunters deeper into the wilderness than they've ever gone before, where the familiar becomes foreign and the only way out is a path that leads to madness.

November's elections brought victories across the country for state and local Democratic candidates who pledged to address rising energy costs. The challenges of meeting those promises the incoming Governors of Virginia and New Jersey, and Mayor of New York, will likely face. Also, a recent report warns that the European Alps, Rockies of the Western U.S. and Canada, Iceland, and Scandinavia would lose nearly all ice at 2°Celsius of warming – a threshold we're currently on track to exceed.  And in the Peruvian Amazon, the Asháninka people have developed a symbiotic relationship with the local bees, which often lack stingers, and their honey. A new and innovative law in Peru has granted these bees legal rights to help protect them and the indigenous people living with them. ---  Federal funding for public radio has ended. But support from listeners like you always helps us keep the lights on no matter what. Living on Earth needs listeners like you to keep our weekly environmental news coverage going strong. If you're already an LoE supporter, thank you! And if you've been considering supporting LoE, now is a great time to give during our fall fundraiser. Visit LoE dot org and click donate. And thank you for supporting Living on Earth! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode of Inside the Strategy Room, we discuss how the board’s relationship with management is evolving in an era of heightened uncertainty and rapid change. We are joined by board directors Susan Chapman-Hughes and Lan Kang, as well as McKinsey’s Board Services leader Frithjof Lund, and explore how boards are shifting from episodic oversight to continuous engagement, leveraging more frequent dialogue with management teams, investing in trust and culture, and rethinking structure and composition to add strategic value. Susan Chapman‑Hughes is a seasoned board director and former C-Suite executive with deep experience in digital transformation and human-capital strategy. She is currently an independent director at The J.M. Smucker Company and Toast Inc. Lan Kang is a global business leader and board member with extensive experience in healthcare, private equity, and strategy. She currently serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of Azkarra Therapeutics, an early-stage biotechnology company. She serves on the board of Avantor Inc. and has held senior roles across Asia and the U.S. Frithjof Lund is a senior partner and our managing partner in Norway. He leads our Board Services Practice, helping CEOs and boards of directors improve corporate governance and effectiveness. Frithjof also leads our Organization Practice in Scandinavia, helping clients develop high-performing organizations and leaders across the private and public sectors. He is based in our Oslo office. Related insights How public-company boards can thrive by adopting private equity practices How boards can tackle geopolitical risk The Board Perspective – Number 4Support the show: https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/mckinsey-strategy-&-corporate-finance/See www.mckinsey.com/privacy-policy for privacy information

In occasione della Giornata mondiale della gentilezza parliamo della prima proposta di legge presentata in Italia per normare questa best practice sull'esempio di altri Paesi come il Giappone e la Scandinavia. Ci occupiamo poi di tecnologia ispirata all'incremento della longevità e di Esteri, in particolare la tensione tra Usa e Venezuela sui narcos e la portaerei americana Ford spostata da Trump nei Caraibi.

This week historian Oscar Winberg joins in to talk about the origins of All In The Family and how the politics of the 1970s were filtered through television's biggest show.About our guest:Dr. Oscar Winberg is a postdoctoral fellow at the Turku Institute for Advanced Studies and the John Morton Center for North American Studies at the University of Turku working on modern political history and mass media. He holds a PhD in history from Åbo Akademi University.In the United States, he is affiliated with the American Political History Institute at Boston University where he has been fortunate to spend time as a visiting researcher. His work has appeared in PS: Political Science & Politics, European Journal of American Studies, Finsk Tidskrift, Lähikuva, and Wider Screen, as well as popular publications, including The Washington Post, Svenska Dagbladet, Helsingin Sanomat, and Hufvudstadsbladet.He is a regular analyst of American politics and culture for various media outlets in Finland and Scandinavia.

You can send a text, include contact info to get a response. The Convention of Plesswitz ends and war begins again August 11.  The focus is on driving Napoleon out of Germany and then the action turns to Scandinavia, to include Danish Holstein, with most of the focus on Norway.Napoleon's desperate attempts to defend Saxony end at the biggest battle in European history to that time.Allied war aims are becoming public, but there seems a disconnect between stated objectives and the reality of how things work out on the ground in Scandinavia, particularly for Norway.  Could there be hypocrisy?  No, never.  Power politics dominating our ideals?  Norway's war of Independence and the 17th of May, with the new constitution signed at Eidsvoll gets a look in the later half of the episode.  Before that we look at Bernadotte, Karl Johan or Charles John, the new crown prince and how Alexander actually wants HIM as the new king of France.  Bernadotte made various efforts to put himself forward and build a following in France, this is just a fascinating what if. 

You know how Vikings are often associated with Scandinavia and their epic journeys across the seas? Well, turns out, there's a lesser-known Viking connection right in New York City! Back in the 9th century, Norse explorers are believed to have landed in the area we now call New York, long before Columbus or any other Europeans. Archaeological finds like a Norse coin and a runic stone in the Hudson Valley provide tantalizing clues. So, while we typically think of skyscrapers and subways when we think of New York, it's pretty cool to imagine Vikings roaming those same streets over a thousand years ago! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Konstantin Efimov was born in 1958 in St. Petersburg, Russia, the elder (by 10 years) of two sons born to Igor Efimov, well-established movie actor, and his wife, Irina, whom he met while attending Moscow's prestigious Maly Theater School.  Irina performed on stage until a few days before Kostia's birth.  "That must be why I enjoy being on stage so much," says Kostia, who goes by his childhood nickname.  His parents chose to live in St. Petersburg to be close to Igor's elderly mother.  In 1961, they signed a five-year contract with the Theater Group of the Soviet Army Force, performing in East Berlin.  KGB regulations, however, did not allow them to bring Kostia, then age 2-½ with them.  He stayed, as an "insurance policy," with his grandmother, Valya, living in a communal apartment that housed nine families (33 people) in 11 rooms, all sharing the same hallway, kitchen and bathroom.  "The bathtub was always filled with laundry," Kostia recalls.  "We took our baths twice a week in the community bathhouse."  As a child, Kostia displayed a tremendous interest in music, spending much time in front of the radio in his grandmother's tiny room.  At age 4, a present was delivered to him from his parents -- a 1937 Wolkenhauer upright piano, upon which he soon learned to play hundreds of Russian folk songs.  "It became the center of life in our home," Kostia remembers.  "Even my pet rooster, Peter, used the lid as his favorite perch, and he would sit there and listen while I played."  Kostia's parents returned from East Germany in July of 1965, when he was 7.  His grandmother died of a stroke the following month.  The same year, Kostia was accepted into a special music preparatory school of the Rimsky-Korsakov Conservatory.  For the next 11 years, each day involved four to six hours of piano practice.  At the school he met his first great influence, teacher Tamara Karetkina.  "I was her first student," Kostia recalls.  "She was a tremendous pianist and a beautiful woman, very much resembling Jacqueline Bisset.”  Because of his talent, Kostia and other elite prodigies were forbidden to play sports, for fear of hand injuries.  At 14, Kostia, who loved basketball, broke a finger in his right hand during a clandestine pick-up game.  "I was so frightened," Kostia says. "The thought of not being able to play again was so horrifying!  It was worse than death for me.  I didn't tell my mother that I did it playing basketball; I told her I fell down carrying my briefcase."  While his right hand healed, Kostia passed the time mastering pieces written by Ravel and Scriabin for left hand.  Ravel's piece was composed in honor of a pianist who lost his right hand during World War I.  At 18, Kostia entered the famed St. Petersburg Conservatory.  Here he met and studied under Vladimir Nielsen, one of the last great masters of Russian Romanticism.  He completed his Conservatory studies in 1982 with advanced graduate degrees in four disciplines:  concert (solo) pianist, pianist for chamber ensemble, accompanist, and piano teacher.  Following graduation, Kostia performed throughout Russia, Eastern Europe and Scandinavia as a soloist, with orchestras, with ethnic ensembles and his own jazz-fusion group.  Typically, Conservatory graduates move into teaching.  "I decided to go another way.  I was already involved with jazz and pop performances, and I was pretty well known as an arranger, so I wanted to explore new music.  Friends introduced me to Oscar Peterson, and modern jazz and progressive rock bands like Genesis, Yes and King Crimson.  It was very different, extremely energetic, and absolutely spontaneous, like myself.  I am definitely a free spirit, and playing this music allowed me a certain level of freedom that I wasn't able to explore in classical music."  Kostia received a proposal from the St. Petersburg Cultural Center to start, essentially, an experimental music group.  "This was 1982," he says, "and things were warming up a little bit."  Kostia called the group “ARS” -- Latin for "art.”  While working with ARS, Kostia started composing and arranging music for movies, documentaries and theatrical productions.  He freelanced as an arranger, working on a number of soundtracks for the various stage productions.  His skills as a performer led him to work with some of the well-established Russian composers (i.e., Alfred Schnitke, Vladislav Uspensky, Vladislav Panchenko), and a number of Soviet pop stars, including Marina Kapuro and Aleksander Rosenbaum, among others.  During a visit to the United States in 1989 with the Soviet-American Cultural Exchange project "Clay Stomp," Kostia had an opportunity to perform for his first American audience at the Milwaukee Art Museum, where he shared the stage with Narada artist David Lanz.  That day changed Kostia's life forever.  The next morning he received a call from Narada records offering him a recording contract.  From 1989 until 1997, Kostia worked extensively on various Narada projects as a performer, arranger and producer, including David Arkenstone's Grammy-nominated In the Wake of the Wind, and Narada's most celebrated recording, Nutcracker.  Kostia's music appeared on more than a dozen of Narada's collections and compilation albums.  In 1992, Kostia and David Arkenstone collaborated on the first album ever endorsed by the United States Olympic Committee, Spirit of Olympia.  In 1994, Narada released Kostia's first piano solo album Suite St. Petersburg, which he describes as "a piano portrait of my beloved city."  1996 brought another critically acclaimed piano album, Ten Pebbles, where Kostia revisits some of his most cherished memories.  Both albums won him respect and recognition of his fellow musicians and the love of fans around the world.  Beginning in 1997, Kostia started a series of recordings with North Sound Music Group dedicated to piano idols of pop music.  That year, he released Kostia's Interpretations of Billy Joel followed by Kostia's Interpretations of Elton John in 1998.  The success of these projects led to a number of tribute recordings completed with world renowned instrumentalists such as Daryl Stuermer, guitarist from Genesis and Phil Collins Band; Paul McCandless, Windham Hill artist and reed and saxophone player from the band Oregon; and Windham Hill guitarist, Alex De Grassi.  In 1999, Kostia composed the soundtrack for the motion picture Czar of Make Believe from Italian director Daniel Alegi, which won an award for Best Short Film at the Rhode Island International Film Festival. In 2001, Kostia released Piano Ocean, an album of original music recorded in collaboration with ex-Narada star Spencer Brewer.  At the same time, he composed the soundtracks for a motion picture, The Play in the Modern Style, and a short film of Alex Boguslavsky entitled Blue Lamp.  New Millennium also brought several other exciting projects to Kostia as well – a collaboration between LEGO and George Lucas Film, celebrated short animated film “Star Wars: “Revenge of the Brick.”; new Alex Boguslavsky's film “My Little Philosopher”; a pilot for an independent motion picture “Slow Poison.”; a collaboration with legendary band Sweetbottom (original Indi fusion group) – “Sweetbottom Live”; several new albums with old band mate, Daryl Stuermer – “GO!”, “Rewired”, “Retrofit”; debut album of Carmen Nickerson “Tomorrow Is Another Day” etc. One of Kostia's compositions made it to the world renown TV series “Sex and the City.”  In addition to collaborations with well-established music groups and individual artists, Kostia has had his music performed by the Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra, Utah Symphony Orchestra, the internationally famed Veronica String Quartet, and Present Music cellist, Paul Gemainder, to name a few.  Currently, Kostia is at work composing music for his next CD, performing solo piano concerts around the country, and recording and performing with the Daryl Stuermer Band.  Future plans?  "I am thinking about something I always wanted to do – a series of pieces for chorus, poem for string quartet, and six pictures for piano and orchestra," says Kostia.  His journey continues.  "Musical Columbus," as he is often called by journalists, is again on the way to discovering new worlds for himself and his fans. Kostia plays regularly at Fox River Congregational Church where he is a composer in residence.  

Stephen Eide joins Brian Anderson to discuss "Scandinavia on the Hudson," his story from City Journal's Autumn 2025 issue.

Weird Denmark and Scandinavia: Steve welcomes Danish school teacher Qiriye to discuss haunted castles, the fae, and more from Scandanavian region.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/missing-persons-mysteries--5624803/support.

Who were the Vikings' ancient ancestors? In this episode Tristan Hughes explores the fascinating maritime culture, sophisticated trade networks and social hierarchies of the Nordic Bronze Age c. 1800–700 BC. Joined by Professor Johan Ling, they shed light on how proto-Viking societies of ancient Scandinavia imported essential metals, crafted stunning rock art using bronze tools and operated complex trade routes extending to Britain, Iberia and beyond. Enigmatic religious practices and the pivotal role played by elite kinship networks are brought to life through remarkable archaeological finds such as horned helmets and a golden sun chariot to reveal the remarkable complex societies that preceded the Viking Age.MOREThe Bronze Age CollapseMycenae: Cradle of Bronze Age GreecePresented by Tristan Hughes. Audio editor is Aidan Lonergan, the producer is Joseph Knight. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.All music courtesy of Epidemic SoundsThe Ancients is a History Hit podcast.Sign up to History Hit for hundreds of hours of original documentaries, with a new release every week and ad-free podcasts. Sign up at https://www.historyhit.com/subscribe. You can take part in our listener survey here: https://insights.historyhit.com/history-hit-podcast-always-on Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Anastasija Ropa joins Jana Byars to talk about The Medieval Horse (Reaktion, 2025), a book that explores the role of horses across the medieval world, from the Kievan Rus' and Scandinavia to Central Europe, Byzantium, the Arab world and Asia, including China and India. Covering the early medieval period to the late Middle Ages, it examines how horses shaped societies, warfare and culture and how their legacy persists in traditional equestrian sports today. Drawing on little-known primary sources, artefacts, and the author's hands-on experience with historical horsemanship, the book offers a vivid account of the deep connection between people and horses. Combining scholarly insight with practical knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study of medieval horses in Europe and Asia to date. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Anastasija Ropa joins Jana Byars to talk about The Medieval Horse (Reaktion, 2025), a book that explores the role of horses across the medieval world, from the Kievan Rus' and Scandinavia to Central Europe, Byzantium, the Arab world and Asia, including China and India. Covering the early medieval period to the late Middle Ages, it examines how horses shaped societies, warfare and culture and how their legacy persists in traditional equestrian sports today. Drawing on little-known primary sources, artefacts, and the author's hands-on experience with historical horsemanship, the book offers a vivid account of the deep connection between people and horses. Combining scholarly insight with practical knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study of medieval horses in Europe and Asia to date. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Anastasija Ropa joins Jana Byars to talk about The Medieval Horse (Reaktion, 2025), a book that explores the role of horses across the medieval world, from the Kievan Rus' and Scandinavia to Central Europe, Byzantium, the Arab world and Asia, including China and India. Covering the early medieval period to the late Middle Ages, it examines how horses shaped societies, warfare and culture and how their legacy persists in traditional equestrian sports today. Drawing on little-known primary sources, artefacts, and the author's hands-on experience with historical horsemanship, the book offers a vivid account of the deep connection between people and horses. Combining scholarly insight with practical knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study of medieval horses in Europe and Asia to date. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

Anastasija Ropa joins Jana Byars to talk about The Medieval Horse (Reaktion, 2025), a book that explores the role of horses across the medieval world, from the Kievan Rus' and Scandinavia to Central Europe, Byzantium, the Arab world and Asia, including China and India. Covering the early medieval period to the late Middle Ages, it examines how horses shaped societies, warfare and culture and how their legacy persists in traditional equestrian sports today. Drawing on little-known primary sources, artefacts, and the author's hands-on experience with historical horsemanship, the book offers a vivid account of the deep connection between people and horses. Combining scholarly insight with practical knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study of medieval horses in Europe and Asia to date. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/sports

Stories of the undead tormenting the living supposedly entered the English-speaking world in 1732, with a report from the Hapsburg military of events in Serbia—events that would go on to inspire the most famous vampire of all, Dracula. But the count from Transylvania was neither the first undead man in England (British corpses went walking in 680, and again in 1090) nor the most emblematic of the folk tales that preceded him (that would be Carmilla, who embodies a type seen from China to the Eastern Roman Empire). In Killing the Dead: Vampire Epidemics from Mesopotamia to the New World, John Blair uses examples from the far-flung ancient world—a “vampire belt” stretching from Scandinavia and the North Sea through central and eastern Europe, western Russia, the Near East, India, and China to Indonesia—to make the case that “corpse-killing is mainstream and not marginal, therapeutic and not pathological.” The undead have seemingly always been with us, as has our need to kill them to exorcise our own anxieties. “Killing the dead is better than killing the living,” Blair writes. “Like other extreme rituals, it is depressing at the time but leaves people feeling good afterwards.”Go beyond the episode:John Blair's Killing the Dead: Vampire Epidemics from Mesopotamia to the New WorldListen to our interview about the modern vampire with Nick Groom, the Prof of Goth, and our conversation with Ronald Hutton about witch persecutions through the agesYou know we love horror—visit our episode page for a list of spookiest episodesTune in every (other) week to catch interviews with the liveliest voices from literature, the arts, sciences, history, and public affairs; reports on cutting-edge works in progress; long-form narratives; and compelling excerpts from new books. Hosted by Stephanie Bastek and sponsored by the Phi Beta Kappa Society.Subscribe: iTunes/Apple • Amazon • Google • Acast • Pandora • RSS FeedHave suggestions for projects you'd like us to catch up on, or writers you want to hear from? Send us a note: podcast [at] theamericanscholar [dot] org. And rate us on iTunes!Music featured from Master Toad (“Dreadful Mansion”) and 8bit Betty (“Spooky Loop”), courtesy of the Free Music Archive. Our theme music was composed by Nathan Prillaman. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Listen Now to 136 Future Now Show I am writing this summary of this week’s show from the island of Maui, in Hawaii.  It’s been a wild week, starting with a trip to the rugged and wild Farallon Islands, 25 miles of the coast of San Francisco, home to copious wildlife, fish, marine mammals, and the great white sharks.  Getting there was harrowing, with very rought seas, but the sun broke through as we arrived revealing the majestic Farallons through the dissapating mist.  All of us had something to share about our experienes there in today’s show! And naturally we keep you up to date on the latest with 3I/ATLAS, though by the time you read this the perihelion has happened, with wthatever it has to reveal about any sentience behind it’s actions…  And in the second hour you will meet three visiting Nordics to Silicon Valley, involved with what’s known as “Clean Tech,” and the unfolding use of AI in developing the energy sector of our human civilization. We met at the start of Nordic Impact Week, at the Nordic Innovation House in Palo Alto, CA, and carried on for today’s show. The Nordics have an extemely sophisticated energy infrastruction for power sharing in Scandinavia and are in Silicon Valley to scale their advanced use of technology to the larger world, starting with us! Enjoy.. Our intrepid crew returning from the Farallon Islands

In this episode, we're joined by Allison from @PointstoBoardingPass to break down one of the most powerful but underrated perks in the award travel world — Air Canada's Aeroplan stopover program. Allison shares how travelers can add a stopover of up to 45 days for just 5,000 extra points and walks us through exactly how to find and book these deals using tools like Seats.aero and Air Canada's multi-city search.We talk about how to maximize this feature for business class OR economy redemptions, why it's a great option for honeymooners or anyone wanting to hit multiple destinations on one trip, and how it can unlock extra award space on tough routes. The conversation also covers the pros and cons of Aeroplan's family pooling, the hidden risks that come with it, and which airlines to avoid for smoother bookings.Allison shares her own experiences using Aeroplan, including how she saved 30,000 points by adding a stopover, and what she's planning next with points — from Scandinavia to the France. It's a fun, practical deep dive full of tips, laughs, and strategies that will have you rethinking what's possible with your points.Find Us On OnlineMary Ellen | JoFacebook GroupWonderland On Points BlogAffiliate LinksComfrt Hoodie 15% OFF!Chase/Capital One/Amex Card Links30% off the CardPointers subscription!FlyKitt- the BEST Jet Lag Solution!Tripiamo Driving TutorialsOur Favorite Travel NecessitiesWe receive a small commission when you choose to use any of our links to purchase your products or apply for your cards! We SO appreciate when you choose to give back to the podcast in this way!

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The years following the French Revolution were plagued by seemingly endless wars. But the governments in both Copenhagen and Stockholm preferred to stay out of the fighting, instead making money trading with all sides. It worked for a while, but eventually the fires of war reached Scandinavia as well.

Timmerie dives into the growing infertility crisis, exploring real solutions while confronting the challenges of IVF—from high costs and low success rates to the strain it can place on marriages. Episode Guide Why cover trending topics? (2:57) In vitro fertilization policies for the infertility crisis (14:51) For those who didn’t conceive right away — what’s your story of waiting for your little ones? (41:22) Resources mentioned: 21 children - all with surrogate mothers - taken from Arcadia couple amid investigation https://abc7.com/post/surrogacy-scandal-21-children-surrogate-mothers-taken-arcadia-couple-amid-investigation/17140359/ Scandinavia research – couples likely to divorce after failed IVF attempt https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aogs.12317/abstract;jsessionid=15C5E2D0FEEDCE75FDF9374F26F76BD3.f03t02 Research and facts on IVF by The Heritage Foundation https://www.heritage.org/life/commentary/christians-practical-guide-reproductive-technology Past Episodes with Dr. Caldwell – infertility specialist and had IVF babies: https://relevantradio.com/?s=Susan+Caldwell Femmenessence MacaLife For all seasons fertility to Perimenopause https://symphonynaturalhealth.com/collections/femmenessence Fertility care find a NaPro doctor https://fertilitycare.org/find-a-mc NaPro Telemedicine https://naturalwomanhood.org/find-a-doctor/telehealth/ Shiloh - A Post-IVF Ministry https://www.shilohivf.com/about Emily Chapman – Healing when you can’t have children adoption? https://relevantradio.com/2023/10/healing-when-you-cant-have-children/ NaPro Fertility Surgeon on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/napro_fertility_surgeon/

Published in 1991, Faceless Killers was the first of Henning Mankell's crime novels featuring police inspector Kurt Wallander. The series changed the world of crime writing, introducing gritty social realism. The Wallander novels helped establish Scandinavia as the epicentre of crime fiction. Henning Mankell's former agent Anneli Høier speaks to Ben Henderson about the rise of Nordic Noir.Extracts from Faceless Killers are read by David Warner.Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina's Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall' speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler's List; and Jacques Derrida, France's ‘rock star' philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world's oldest languages.(Photo: Henning Mankell. Credit: Gideon Mendel/Corbis via Getty Images)