Podcasts about Latvia

Amidst ongoing U.S. efforts to mediate a Russia–Ukraine peace and the release of a new U.S. national security strategy that has sent shockwaves through Europe, I'm sitting down with the foreign minister of Latvia, Baiba Braze, to get her unique perspective.Latvia is a small Baltic country bordering Estonia, Lithuania, Belarus, and Russia. In the 1940s, the Soviets occupied Latvia and its neighboring countries—a reality that has made Latvia hyper-vigilant against potential Russian expansionism.Latvia joined both the EU and NATO in 2004, alongside Lithuania and Estonia.Latvia is one of the few NATO countries that spends considerably more than 2 percent of its GDP per year on its military.“We keep reminding [other NATO countries] that it's possible to do that, and we are showing you as our example. In our case, it's 5 percent hard defense capabilities,” Braze said.Latvia is working to reallocate state funding to hit a target of 4.91 percent of GDP in defense spending by 2026 and 5 percent in subsequent years.In our wide-ranging interview, Braze discusses the Ukraine war, how she sees a potential peace agreement taking shape, and how pressure can be mounted on Russia. She's traveled four times to Ukraine in the 18 months since her appointment as Latvia's minister of foreign affairs.Views expressed in this video are opinions of the host and the guest, and do not necessarily reflect the views of The Epoch Times.

OUR FAMILY MUSIC ACADEMY: Affordable and effective online weekly music lessons designed for families. https://www.voetbergmusicacademy.comUse coupon code: PODCASTVMA for 10% off each month-Stephanie Gray Connors is married and a mother to two small children, ages 2 and 4. She is an author and international speaker who has given more than 1,000 pro-life presentations over two decades across North America as well as in Scotland, England, Ireland, Austria, Latvia, Guatemala, Mexico, and Costa Rica. She has spoken at many post-secondary institutions, such as Cornell University, the University of Virginia School of Law, and the University of California, Berkeley. In 2017, Stephanie was a presenter for the series Talks at Google, lecturing at Google headquarters in California. Stephanie is author of On IVF (The Dignity Series), My Body for You: A Pro-Life Message for a Post-Roe World, On Assisted Suicide (The Dignity Series), and Love Unleashes Life: Abortion & the Art of Communicating Truth. She holds a bachelor of arts in political science from the University of British Columbia and a certification, with distinction, in health care ethics from the National Catholic Bioethics Center. Upcoming speaking event: Students for Life of America, Washington, D.C. in January Website: https://loveunleasheslife.com/

Japan unveils a human washing machine for half a million bucks. Sperm racing continues on college campuses like UT. Latvia has a severe man shortage and women are hiring hourly husbands. // Weird AF News is the only daily weird news podcast in the world. Weird news 5 days/week and on Friday it's only Floridaman. SUPPORT by joining the Weird AF News Patreon http://patreon.com/weirdafnews - OR buy Jonesy a coffee at http://buymeacoffee.com/funnyjones Buy MERCH: https://weirdafnews.merchmake.com/ - Check out the official website https://WeirdAFnews.com and FOLLOW host Jonesy at http://instagram.com/funnyjones - wants Jonesy to come perform standup comedy in your city? Fill out the form: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfvYbm8Wgz3Oc2KSDg0-C6EtSlx369bvi7xdUpx_7UNGA_fIw/viewform

We've talked a lot about Lordi and their 2006 win in Athens, and with the 20th anniversary rapidly approaching next year, we wanted our listeners to be up on one of the best contests of the otherwise not-so-great '00s era. And who better to join us in Athens than Greek pop expert and comedian Mano Agapion to talk about all the high and lowlights of the Grand Final? Jeremy taps the sign with his one rule of rock, Dimitry imagines a young Alexander Rybak getting inspired, Mano has OPINIONS about Anna Vissi, and Oscar's duty freeeeeeeee.Listen to Oscar & Mano's podcast, Drag Her: https://headgum.com/drag-her-a-rupauls-drag-race-podcastWatch the unbroadcast HD version of 2006: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sqxXIq5xEWkgermThis week's companion playlist: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/5oxMmEDitWpE4PAnk5WOI0 The Eurovangelists are Jeremy Bent, Oscar Montoya and Dimitry Pompée.The theme was arranged and recorded by Cody McCorry and Faye Fadem, and the logo was designed by Tom Deja.Production support for this show was provided by the Maximum Fun network.The show is edited by Jeremy Bent with audio mixing help was courtesy of Shane O'Connell.Find Eurovangelists on social media as @eurovangelists on Instagram and @eurovangelists.com on Bluesky, or send us an email at eurovangelists@gmail.com. Head to https://maxfunstore.com/collections/eurovangelists for Eurovangelists merch. Also follow the Eurovangelists account on Spotify and check out our playlists of Eurovision hits, competitors in upcoming national finals, and companion playlists to every single episode, including this one!

A journey to Daugavpils, Latvia, to learn about the birthplace of the Abstract Expressionist artist Mark Rothko and to find out whether the city and his childhood in its then bustling but fearful Jewish streets influenced his art. Join me as we visit the Rothko Museum and explore Daugavpils. Thanks for listening!

In nearly seventy years of the Eurovision Song Contest, no country has ever won by performing second. Coincidence?This week, Steven crunches the numbers to find out, and the results might surprise even the nerdiest of Eurovision fans!.Mentioned in this episode:Serteb Erener - ‘Everyway That I Can' (Turkey, 2003): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0_QrKnqd5E Marie N - ‘I Wanna' (Latvia, 2002): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_M-w89U8TEU Kathy Kirby - ‘I Belong' (United Kingdom, 1965): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OeDI52bdntQFrance Gall - ‘Poupée de cire, poupée de son' (Luxembourg, 1965): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyFnDf8PvmU Sebnem Paker and Grup Etnic - ‘Dinle' (Turkey, 1997): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5J6-bCMz3YJessica Garlick - ‘Come Back' (United Kingdom, 2002): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8tokc1B_E0Sahlene - ‘Runaway' (Estonia, 2002): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tky7vWXSZrsalyona alyona and Jerry Heil - ‘Teresa & Maria' (Ukraine, 2024): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4N82wPpdg8Dino Merlin - ‘Love in Rewind' (Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2011): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBg3coarF_8 Teach-In - ‘Ding-A-Dong' (Netherlands, 1975): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPxuq4uQ0OU Brotherhood of Man - ‘Save Your Kisses For Me' (United Kingdom, 1976): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yJUi6ke71I Herreys - ‘Diggi-Loo, Diggi-Ley' (Sweden, 1984): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySOCalwr6Yo Laura Thorn - ‘La poupée monte le son' (Luxembourg, 2025): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GT7ZZBCscUg .If you love Eurovision as much as we do, don't forget to connect with us on social. DM us on Twitter at @Bingewatch_Pod and join our Facebook Page.You can also now support the show with a generous Douze Points of your own!Discover your next favourite restaurant with NeoTaste, the exclusive membership unlocking huge discounts at hundreds of restaurants. Get 2 MONTHS FREE on us! Simply use the code BINGE at checkout. Sign up here: https://douze-points-a-eurovision-podcast.captivate.fm/neotaste If you want more bingeworthy TV coverage, check out our other shows:

Stāsta Jāzepa Vītola Latvijas Mūzikas akadēmijas profesore, JVLMA Muzikoloģijas katedras Etnomuzikoloģijas klases vadītāja, Zinātniski pētnieciskā centra vadošā pētniece Anda Beitāne; raidījuma producente – Maruta Rubeze Laikā, kad notiek diskusijas par dažādu pieminekļu nojaukšanu, pārvietošanu vai pārzāģēšanu, šķiet pamācoši atcerēties Johana Gotfrīda Herdera (Johann Gottfried Herder, 1744-1803, vācu dzejnieks, teologs, filozofs, cita starpā arī jēdziena "tautasdziesma" – Volkslied – radītājs) pieminekļa stāstu, ko pirms kāda laika publicējām grāmatā, tulkojot tās nosaukumu no angļu valodas: "Pieredze un ekspektācijas: "Nākotne no pagātnes" mūzikas radīšanā", kurā iekļauti dažādu valstu etnomuzikologu raksti. Viena no šīs grāmatas tēmām bija saistīta ar Herdera vārdu. Izrādās, ka citzemju tradicionālās mūzikas pētniekiem Rīga visupirms asociējas tieši ar Johanu Gotfrīdu Herderu, kurš šeit dzīvoja un strādāja laikā no 1764. līdz 1769. gadam. Herdera krūšutēls, visnotaļ nemanāms un tūristu pūļu neieskauts, stāv Herdera laukumā blakus Rīgas Domam. Tas izgatavots Minhenē, kopējot Johana Nepomuka Šallera (Johann Nepomuk Schaller) 1850. gadā darinātās pilna auguma skulptūras krūšutēla daļu, kas atrodas Svēto Pētera un Pāvila baznīcas priekšā Veimārā (Asmuß, 1871, 78; Spārītis, 2005, 103). Rīgas krūšutēla postamentu veidoja arhitekts Heinrihs Karls Šēls (Heinrich Karl Scheel), un tas bija izgatavots no tolaik populārā čuguna ar piemiņas uzrakstiem visās pusēs. Atsaucoties uz Ojāru Spārīti, iniciatīva uzcelt Herderam veltītu pieminekli Rīgā radās pēc Rīgas vaļņu nojaukšanas 1863. gadā un Rīgas Doma rekonstrukcijas darbu uzsākšanas. Pieminekļa atrašanās vieta tika izvēlēta, balstoties uz aptuvenu informāciju par to, ka Herders varētu būt dzīvojis vienā no mājām, kas robežojās ar laukumu. Pieminekļa svinīgā atklāšana notika simboliskajā 1864. gada 25. augustā, tieši 100 gadus pēc dienas, kad Herders ieradās Rīgā (Spārītis, 2005, 102–103). Pārdzīvojis evakuāciju Pirmā pasaules kara laikā un Otro pasaules karu, Herdera piemineklis tika demontēts 20. gadsimta 50. gadu vidū kopā ar citiem pieminekļiem, kas nepatika okupācijas režīmam. Postaments tika izkausēts, bet krūšutēlu izglāba cilvēki, kuri strādāja Rīgas Valsts vēstures muzejā, ko šodien pazīstam kā Rīgas vēstures un kuģniecības muzeju, un kas joprojām atrodas blakus piemineklim Herdera laukumā. Vēlāk tas tika pārvietots uz Rīgas Ārzemju mākslas muzeju (Vilciņa 2005). 1959. gadā tika plānota Vācijas Demokrātiskās Republikas līderu – Valtera Ulbrihta (Walter Ulbricht) un Oto Grotevola (Otto Grotewohl) – vizīte Padomju Savienībā. Ziņas par šīs delegācijas otro dienu, kas tika pavadīta Rīgā, kur apsveikuma uzrunu teica PSRS kompartijas vadītājs Ņikita Hruščovs, atrodamas laikraksta "Neues Deutschland" 1959. gada 11. jūnija numura pirmajā lappusē ("Stern un Pogrombka", 1959). Viesiem tika gatavota īpaša programma, kuras ietvaros tika nolemts katram gadījumam steigšus atjaunot Herdera krūšutēlu tā sākotnējā vietā, jo viesi varētu uzzināt, ka viņu nacionāli nozīmīgai personībai šeit bijis piemineklis, ko viņi, iespējams, varētu vēlēties aplūkot. Tā raksta šo notikumu lieciniece Rita Vilciņa, piebilstot, ka tas bija liels trieciens tiem, kuri šo pieminekli tikai pirms dažiem gadiem bija noņēmuši, un atbildīgajai personai Kultūras ministrijas Muzeju, mākslas un pieminekļu aizsardzības pārvaldē neatlika nekas cits, kā pēkšņi saslimt. Vilciņai, kura tikko bija pabeigusi vēstures un filozofijas studijas Latvijas Universitātē un sākusi strādāt šajā pārvaldē, tika uzticēts rūpēties par pieminekļa restaurāciju (Vilciņa, 2005). Kā viņa raksta savās atmiņās, ministrijā bija zināms, ka Herdera krūšutēls nav iznīcināts, citādi to nebūtu iespējams atjaunot tik īsā laikā. Problemātiska bija postamenta atjaunošana. Laika trūkuma dēļ nebija iespējams izgatavot precīzu 1864. gada oriģināla kopiju. Vilciņa atceras kultūras ministra vietnieka teikto: "Par uzraksta valodu viss skaidrs – tikai latviešu valodā. Kāpēc rakstīt vāciski, ja nav uzraksta krievu valodā?" (Vilciņa 2005, 123). Tādējādi uz jaunā granīta postamenta bija un ir lasāms pavisam īsi: "Johans Gotfrīds Herders 1744–1803". Šo stāstu noslēgšu ar brīnišķu Ritas Vilciņas citātu: "Postamenta izkalšana notika Rīgas uzņēmumā "Granīts", kur vajadzēja nogādāt arī krūšutēlu. Herdera galvu kara laikā bija skāruši vairāki šāvieni. Likvidēt bojājumus un piestiprināt postamentam krūšutēlu arī bija "Granīta" meistaru uzdevums. Lai pārvestu pieminekļa krūšutēlu no Aizrobežu mākslas muzeja uz darbnīcu, man iedeva ministra personīgo automašīnu "Volga". Kad piebraucu pie Rīgas pils, kur atradās muzejs, pa kāpnēm pretī ar Herderu rokās jau nāca direktora vietnieks zinātniskajā darbā Miķelis Ivanovs. Tālāk es ar Herderu rokās braucu uz darbnīcu. Karā cirstās brūces tika sadziedētas, postaments izgatavots un Johans Gotfrīds Herders atkal stāvēja savā vēsturiskajā vietā Rīgā. Nebija nedz svinīgas atklāšanas ar ziediem un mūziku, nedz informācijas presē. Piemineklis klusējot tika noņemts, klusējot – uzlikts." (Vilciņa, 2005, 124) Avoti Ahmedaja, Ardian and Anda Beitāne, 2023. "Latvia, Riga and JVLMA as Spaces of Musical Experience and Expectation". In Experience and Expectation: The Future From the Past" in Music Making. Ardian Ahmedaja and Anda Beitāne (eds.). Riga: Musica Baltica. 15-30. Asmuß, A. 1871. "Der Herder-Platz in Riga". In Album von Riga. I. Fünfundzwanzig Stahlstiche aus den funfzehn Jahrgängen des Rigaschen Almanachs. Riga: Backer. Harrison, Hope M. 1988. "The Berlin Crisis and the Khrushchev-Ulbricht Summits in Moscow, 9 and 18 June 1959." Introduction, translation, and annotation. Cold War International History Project. Bulletin 11 (Winter 1998). 204–217. Stern, Heinz and Willi Pogrombka. 1959. "Wir stehen fur unsere Freunde ein!" Neues Deutschland. 1959. gada 11. jūnijs.  Spārītis, Ojārs. 2005. "Johana Gotfrīda Herdera piemineklis Rīgā. Vēstures un semantikas aspekti. Das Johann-Gottfried-Herder-Denkmal in Riga. Seine historischen und semantischen Aspekte". In Herders Rīgā. Herder in Riga. Ilze Ščegoļihina (ed.). Riga: Rīgas Doma eveņģēliski luteriskā draudze, Rīgas vēstures un kuģniecības muzejs. 97–116. Vilciņa, Rita. 2005. "Kā atjaunoja Herdera pieminekli Rīgā. Atmiņas. Wie das Herder-Denkmal wiederhergestellt wurde. Errinerungen". In Herders Rīgā. Herder in Riga. Ilze Ščegoļihina (Ed.). Rīga: Rīgas Doma eveņģēliski luteriskā draudze, Rīgas vēstures un kuģniecības muzejs, 122–128.

In nearly seventy years of the Eurovision Song Contest, no country has ever won by performing second. Coincidence?This week, Steven crunches the numbers to find out, and the results might surprise even the nerdiest of Eurovision fans!.Mentioned in this episode:Serteb Erener - ‘Everyway That I Can' (Turkey, 2003): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0_QrKnqd5E Marie N - ‘I Wanna' (Latvia, 2002): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_M-w89U8TEU Kathy Kirby - ‘I Belong' (United Kingdom, 1965): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OeDI52bdntQFrance Gall - ‘Poupée de cire, poupée de son' (Luxembourg, 1965): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PyFnDf8PvmU Sebnem Paker and Grup Etnic - ‘Dinle' (Turkey, 1997): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5J6-bCMz3YJessica Garlick - ‘Come Back' (United Kingdom, 2002): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A8tokc1B_E0Sahlene - ‘Runaway' (Estonia, 2002): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tky7vWXSZrsalyona alyona and Jerry Heil - ‘Teresa & Maria' (Ukraine, 2024): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4N82wPpdg8Dino Merlin - ‘Love in Rewind' (Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2011): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBg3coarF_8 Teach-In - ‘Ding-A-Dong' (Netherlands, 1975): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPxuq4uQ0OU Brotherhood of Man - ‘Save Your Kisses For Me' (United Kingdom, 1976): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yJUi6ke71I Herreys - ‘Diggi-Loo, Diggi-Ley' (Sweden, 1984): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySOCalwr6Yo Laura Thorn - ‘La poupée monte le son' (Luxembourg, 2025): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GT7ZZBCscUg .If you love Eurovision as much as we do, don't forget to connect with us on social. DM us on Twitter at @Bingewatch_Pod and join our Facebook Page.You can also now support the show with a generous Douze Points of your own!Discover your next favourite restaurant with NeoTaste, the exclusive membership unlocking huge discounts at hundreds of restaurants. Get 2 MONTHS FREE on us! Simply use the code BINGE at checkout. Sign up here: https://douze-points-a-eurovision-podcast.captivate.fm/neotaste If you want more bingeworthy TV coverage, check out our other shows:

JC Cole spent 18 years living in Latvia where he learned how much we take for granted here at home. Coming to us from New Jersey JC repeats what we must do to prepare for what is coming. Seriously we have purchased massive IceBreakers at a time that we are told the world is warming.

The ground under finance moved, and most people only felt a rumble. We spent 2025 translating messy tech estates into DORA‑ready living registers, turning spreadsheets into real‑time risk maps, and discovering that fintech isn't a sidecar anymore—it's the engine. When a major processor or open banking provider hiccups, payments across entire regions stall. That's why regulators accelerated, why critical third parties now face continuous oversight, and why instant payments became Europe's quiet new normal.We walk through the practical realities of this shift: how DPM 4.0 and XBRL CSV forced banks and fintechs into a shared language; how SCT Inst mandated 24/7/365 settlement and price parity; and how compliance stopped being a box to tick and started acting like telemetry you can steer with. Then we pivot to AI, where the real gap isn't enthusiasm—it's insurance and accountability. Traditional policies didn't imagine self‑learning systems that fail without a hack or a human mistake. Enter AI assurance: controlled testing, stress simulation, and continuous scoring that translate governance into measurable evidence aligned to the EU AI Act's high‑risk rules hitting in 2026.Of course, intelligent agents need rails they can actually use. That's where DeFi's programmable architecture, stablecoins like USDC and PYUSD, and agent payment protocols meet internal policy engines to build compliant, verifiable machine transactions. Alongside, we show how teams killed the Excel grind by automating customer reports that cut churn and DSO, and by issuing immutable premium reports for boards and regulators. Beyond the big hubs, APAC's VLEI momentum, India's privacy advantage, and Latvia's capital‑efficient scale point to a broader acceleration powered by standards and verifiable data.The takeaway is simple and demanding: the winners in 2026 will treat compliance as a product feature, build AI‑literate operations, and interoperate across cards, account‑to‑account, and stablecoin rails. Real‑time is here, rules are written, and execution is the frontier. If AI is about to run finance at machine speed, who should own the proof of continuous resilience? Subscribe, share, and tell us your view—because the answer will define the next decade.Thank you for tuning into our podcast about global trends in the FinTech industry.Check out our podcast channel.Learn more about The Connector. Follow us on LinkedIn.CheersKoen Vanderhoydonkkoen.vanderhoydonk@jointheconnector.com#FinTech #RegTech #Scaleup #WealthTech

Welcome back to the Ties That Bind.This week, we go back North to the shores of the Baltic Sea for the perspective from Latvia.In this episode, we'll hear from three Latvian experts on the evolution of the country's defense posture, NATO cooperation, and its response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. We'll also hear about what's happening on the domestic front, with the evolution of national and municipal civilian defense programs, Latvia's infrastructure investments, and how the country's public sector is thinking about resilience and building trust in a whole-of-society defense approach.Featured Guests: * Māris Andžāns is the Director of the Center for Geopolitical Studies Riga and an associate professor at Rīga Stradiņš University.* Ieva Berzina is a Senior Researcher at the Center for Security and Strategic Studies, National Academy of Defense of the Republic of Latvia, and an associate professor at Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences.* Linda Ozola is a Councilor of the Riga City Council, and former Deputy Mayor of Riga (2020-2025).Listen to the previous episode Lessons in History and Communications from NATO's Principal Spokesperson here. Get full access to FPRI Insights at fpriinsights.substack.com/subscribe

Today's guest is Reinis Krēgers, a former champion decathlete turned track and physical education coach. Reinis is dedicated to building complete movers: fast, coordinated, confident athletes who understand their bodies. His training blends classical sprint development with exploratory tasks, helping athletes develop physical literacy and long-term adaptability. In sports performance, we often fixate on exercises, cues, and optimizing micro-qualities in the moment. What we discuss far less, yet what often separates the elite, is the role of play, creativity, and culture. By looking closely at events like the pole vault and hurdles, we can see how a developmental, curiosity-driven approach benefits athletes of every sport. In this episode, Reinis shares the remarkable story of losing a finger, training exclusively with his non-dominant hand, and still setting a shot put PR. This opens the door to a rich discussion on cross-education, novelty, and how the brain actually learns movement. We explore play-based coaching, pole vault as a developmental super-tool, contrasts between Eastern and American coaching philosophies, youth sport creativity, and sustainable tendon development. It's a conversation full of insight, storytelling, and reminders of what truly anchors a lifelong athletic journey: curiosity, joy, and the art of falling in love with movement. Today's episode is brought to you by Hammer Strength and LILA Exogen wearable resistance. Use the code “justfly20” for 20% off any Lila Exogen wearable resistance training, including the popular Exogen Calf Sleeves. For this offer, head to Lilateam.com Use code “justfly10” for 10% off the Vert Trainer View more podcast episodes at the podcast homepage. (https://www.just-fly-sports.com/podcast-home/) 0:00 – Early upbringing in Latvia and falling in love with movement 6:18 – Play, curiosity, and environment driven athlete development 14:50 – Injuries, setbacks, and choosing to continue competing 23:40 – Czech training experience and constraints based coaching 33:05 – European versus American development and long term athlete philosophy 45:10 – Games, novelty, and bringing play back into training 59:47 – Specialization mistakes and the importance of multi sport development 1:11:48 – Plyometrics, bounding, and gradual tissue adaptation 1:22:40 – Injury lessons, tendon health, and the value of long term gradual loading Actionable Takeaways 6:18 – Play, curiosity, and environment driven development Reinis explains that his athletic foundation came from unstructured exploration, not early specialization. Let athletes solve problems rather than repeat fixed patterns. Encourage outdoor play and varied surfaces to build natural coordination. Curiosity creates better movers than rigid instruction. 14:50 – Navigating injuries and staying in the sport Reinis shares how setbacks led him to rethink training instead of quitting. Use injuries as a signal to adjust training rather than push through blindly. Keep a competitive outlet during rehab to maintain identity and motivation. Return with smarter progression instead of trying to reclaim old numbers immediately. 23:40 – Constraints based learning from Czech training Reinis describes how training environments shaped movement without heavy cueing. Change the environment before changing the athlete. Use simple tasks and small boundaries to create automatic technical improvements. Let athletes feel solutions instead of chasing perfect positions. 33:05 – European versus American development Reinis contrasts long term models focused on movement quality rather than short term output. Early years should build durability, not just speed and strength metrics. Avoid rushing physical qualities before coordination and play are established. Development is a process of layering, not skipping steps. 45:10 – Bringing games and novelty back into training Reinis highlights how playful constraints improve responsiveness and decision making. Add game based movement to keep athletes adaptive under changing conditions. Use novelty sparingly to reawaken coordination and intent. Reduce scripted drills when athletes stop learning from them. 59:47 – Multi sport value and avoiding early specialization Reinis explains why single sport paths can limit long term performance. Multiple sports expand movement bandwidth and reduce overuse. Delay specialization until athletes have broad coordination skills. Early success does not guarantee long term development. 1:11:48 – Plyometrics and gradual tissue progression Reinis stresses that bounding and plyos require patience and slow tissue adaptation. Progress volume and intensity over seasons, not weeks. Start with low amplitude contacts before higher velocity work. Tendons adapt slower than muscles, so loading must reflect that timeline. 1:22:40 – Tendon health and long term loading approach Reinis shares what he learned from repeated injury cycles. Small, consistent loading beats aggressive spikes in volume. Build tolerance through frequency and controlled exposure. The goal is to stay in the game long enough for development to compound. Quotes from Reinis Krēgers "Good coaching has some mystery because we are not robots" "Kids should fall in love with the movement and the sport before anything else" "Constraints are the key word in my training method and philosophy" "Track and field without play is a dry and bad solution for long term success" "There is no such thing as a training methodology, it is the relationship between the coach and the athlete" "Sudden increases in load were always the trigger for my Achilles problems" "You want gradual and consistent work if you want the tissues to adapt" "Sleep enough and rest after good training, that is one of the most important things I tell young athletes" About Reinis Krēgers Reinis Krēgers is a Latvian track and physical preparation coach known for blending classical sprint mechanics with modern movement ecology. With a background in athletics and physical education, Reinis has built a reputation for developing athletes who are not only fast, but exceptionally coordinated, elastic, and adaptable across environments. Drawing from European sprint traditions, plyometric culture, and cutting-edge motor-learning principles, Reinis emphasizes rhythm, posture, and natural force expression before “numbers.” His training sessions regularly weave together technical sprint development, multi-planar strength, and exploratory movement tasks, giving athletes the bandwidth to become resilient movers rather than rigid specialists. Reinis works across youth, club, and competitive settings, helping sprinters, jumpers, and team-sport athletes gain speed, power, and physical literacy. His coaching is marked by clarity, intentionality, and an ability to meet athletes where they are, building them from foundational movement quality toward high-performance execution. Whether on the track or in the PE hall, Reinis' mission is the same: develop confident, capable movers who understand their bodies, enjoy the process, and carry a lifelong relationship with athleticism.

In our second short episode for November, we take a close look at a the 1692 trial of Thiess of Kaltenbrunn, a purported werewolf in the town of  Jürgensburg, in Livonia, (a Baltic region now divided between Estonia and Latvia). “Old Thiess,” as he was known, described himself as being a  particularly exotic form of werewolf -- one who served God in Hell.  The testimony offered was so curious that we will be presenting the court transcripts verbatim, with nearly all exchanges between witness and judges included. Decide for yourself!

“I didn't chase telecom out of passion — I chased it out of necessity... But somehow, telecom became the nicest devil I could have sold my soul to!” ✨— Polina Gardo, Roaming Wholesale Manager at Rakuten Mobile, in conversation with Anurag AggarwalFrom studying analytical philosophy, logic, and existential risks…To navigating roaming wholesale at Rakuten Mobile…To finding grounding through nature, running, and the intimacy of Argentine tango…Polina's journey is anything but ordinary!In this episode of Humans of Telecom, Polina opens up about:

Hear stories and life-lessons from circumnavigating the planet on a bicycle while living on 3 Euros a day for 5 years. _____________________________ Subscribe to The Maverick Show's Monday Minute Newsletter where I email you 3 short items of value to start each week that you can consume in 60 seconds (all personal recommendations like the latest travel gear I'm using, my favorite destinations, discounts for special events, etc.). Follow The Maverick Show on Instagram ____________________________________ Pablo Mandado talks about his experience growing up in the Aragon region of Spain, how a trip to Greece changed everything and led to a life of long-term travel, and how he quickly transitioned into a spontaneous, hyper-minimalist and hyper-budget travel style.  He reflects on negotiating trust and reciprocity when hitch-hiking and couch surfing.  Pablo then shares an uncomfortable moment while  hitchhiking, as well as a surprising moment of connection, and some incredible stories from his month in Laos.  He then talks about meeting his girlfriend in Latvia and embarking on a 5 year cycling journey to circumnavigate the globe together.  Pablo explains the value of of a loosely planned trip rooted in spontaneous decisions and how he was able to live on just 3 Euros a day for 5 years.  Next, he tells incredible stories of getting caught in a massive snowstorm in Turkey, the heartwarming hospitality he found in Iran, avoiding the secret police in Uzbekistan, and what it was like to cycle across mainland China.  Pablo also talks about his photography journey and how he was able to turn that into a business.  Finally, he reflects on the unique benefits of traveling the world by bicycle, the re-acclimation experience after the trip, how the journey shaped his relationship, and the lasting impact of long-term, hyper-minimalist, spontaneous travel on him as a person.  FULL SHOW NOTES WITH DIRECT LINKS TO EVERYTHING DISCUSSED ARE AVAILABLE HERE. ____________________________________ See my Top 10 Apps For Digital Nomads See my Top 10 Books For Digital Nomads See my 7 Keys For Building A Remote Business (Even in a space that's not traditionally virtual) Watch my Video Training on Stylish Minimalist Packing so you can join #TeamCarryOn  See the Travel Gear I Use and Recommend See How I Produce The Maverick Show Podcast (The equipment, services & vendors I use) ____________________________________ ENJOYING THE SHOW? Please Leave a Rating and Review. It really helps the show and I read each one personally.  You Can Buy Me a Coffee. Espressos help me produce significantly better podcast episodes! :)

Welcome back to SANDCAST: Beach Volleyball with Tri Bourne and Travis Mewhirter, where we are back, again, for one final time, from Adelaide, Australia, home of the 2025 Beach Volleyball World Championships. And that. Is. A. Wrap. Travis and Kyle Friend recap a World Champs that was historic in so many ways, including: Latvia's Tina Graudina and Anastasija Samoilova winning not just the first World Championships GOLD MEDAL in Latvian beach volleyball history, but the first medal at a World Championships at all, regardless of color. We are so, so, so happy for them Kristen Nuss and Taryn Brasher taking an excellent silver medal, becoming the only team to take a set off Tina Graudina and Anastasija Samoilova at these World Championships Carol Salgado, the Iron Woman, Mother of Dragons, winning her long-awaited World Championships medal, making it a bronze in her NINTH World Champs appearance alongside Rebecca Cavalcanti, beating world no. 1 Thamela and Victoria to do it An All-Sweden final, the first time it has been an all-country battle since 2011 in Rome featured Brazil vs. Brazil. Crazier still? The oldest member on court was Jonatan Hellvig…at 24 years old. David Ahman becomes the youngest World Championships winner in history at 23, and their No. 2 team, Elmer Andersson and Jacob Holting-Nilsson, at 19 and 20, are absurd beyond measure. It's Sweden vs. the world now The first World Championships medal in France beach volleyball history secured by Arnaud Gauthier-Rat and Teo Rotar, who swept an impressive German team in Nils Ehlers and Clemens Wickler And, for one final time folks: FLAT WHITEEEEE SHOOTS! *** WE'VE GOT MERCH! Check it out here!! Get 20 PERCENT off all Wilson products with our code, SANDCAST-20. https://www.wilson.com/en-us/volleyball Get 10 PERCENT OFF VBTV using our discount code, SANDCAST10 Want to get better at beach volleyball? Use our discount code, SANDCAST, and get 10 percent off all Better at Beach products!  We are FIRED UP to announce that we've signed on for another year with Athletic Greens! Get a FREE year's supply of Vitamin D by purchasing with that link.  If you want to receive our SANDCAST weekly newsletter, the Beach Volleyball Digest, which dishes all the biggest news in beach volleyball in one quick newsletter, head over to our website and subscribe! We'd love to have ya! https://www.sandcastvolleyball.com/ Our medical timeout was brought to you by SHIELD Athletic Tape. If you're an athlete, coach, or just train hard, you know that staying healthy is easier said than done— it's about staying supported. That's where SHIELD comes in. SHIELD is a U.S.-based athletic tape company built by athletes, for athletes. Whether it's rigid tape for serious support, kinesiology tape with true 4-way stretch for maximum mobility, or turf tape to fight off burns on the field — SHIELD's got you covered. They even make recovery wraps for post-session cooldowns and inflammation control. And because it's all made right here in the U.S., you're getting elite quality and fast delivery —they are truly not cutting corners. Try SHIELD today — support that actually performs. Check them out at shieldhealthandfitness.com and use code SANDCAST for a discount. Tape smarter. Train harder. SHIELD up.

Welcome back to SANDCAST: Beach Volleyball with Tri Bourne and Travis Mewhirter, where Mewhirter is back on a late-night edition breaking down the 2025 Beach Volleyball World Championships, where Thursday turned positively bonkers. Where to start? How about with... - France's Arnaud Gauthier-Rat and Teo Rotar shocking medal favorites Cherif Younousse and Ahmed Tijan - Germany's Nils Ehlers and Clemens Wickler figuring it out at the right time in a critical upset over Norway's Anders Mol and Christian Sorum - USA Volleyball's Chaim Schalk and James Shaw continuing their Cinderella run with an upset victory over Cuba's Jorge Alayo and Noslen Diaz But then, of course, there was some sense of normalcy, as: - Sweden's David Ahman and Jonatan Hellvig swept France's Remi Bassereau and Calvin Aye, while countrymen Elmer Andersson and Jacob Holting-Nilsson swept Andre and Renato - Melissa Humana-Paredes and Brandie Wilkerson continued their tour de force, as did Brazil's Barbara and Carol and Latvia's Tina Graudina and Anastasija Samoilova - Kelly Cheng and Molly Shaw left no doubt in a convincing win over the Czech Republic, and the Czech men, Ondrej Perusic and David Schweiner, left no doubt in their win over Portugal's Joao Pedrosa and Hugo Campos - Kristen Nuss and Taryn Brasher hang on to beat Raisa Schoon and Katja Stam Close calls were won by... - Evandro and Arthur, who snuck past Marco Krattiger and Leo Dillier - Sven Winter and Lukas Pfretzschner, who battled with Hendrik Mol and Mathias Berntsen - Thamela and Victoria, who slipped past a very talented Ukraine team in Tetiana Lazarenko and Daria Romaniuk And a huge bummer of an event in Ana Patricia and Duda pulling out to injury. While it benefited USA Volleyball's Julia Donlin and Lexy Denaburg, it was a massive bummer SHOOTS! *** WE'VE GOT MERCH! Check it out here!! Get 20 PERCENT off all Wilson products with our code, SANDCAST-20. https://www.wilson.com/en-us/volleyball Get 10 PERCENT OFF VBTV using our discount code, SANDCAST10 Want to get better at beach volleyball? Use our discount code, SANDCAST, and get 10 percent off all Better at Beach products!  We are FIRED UP to announce that we've signed on for another year with Athletic Greens! Get a FREE year's supply of Vitamin D by purchasing with that link.  If you want to receive our SANDCAST weekly newsletter, the Beach Volleyball Digest, which dishes all the biggest news in beach volleyball in one quick newsletter, head over to our website and subscribe! We'd love to have ya! https://www.sandcastvolleyball.com/ Our medical timeout was brought to you by SHIELD Athletic Tape. If you're an athlete, coach, or just train hard, you know that staying healthy is easier said than done— it's about staying supported. That's where SHIELD comes in. SHIELD is a U.S.-based athletic tape company built by athletes, for athletes. Whether it's rigid tape for serious support, kinesiology tape with true 4-way stretch for maximum mobility, or turf tape to fight off burns on the field — SHIELD's got you covered. They even make recovery wraps for post-session cooldowns and inflammation control. And because it's all made right here in the U.S., you're getting elite quality and fast delivery —they are truly not cutting corners. Try SHIELD today — support that actually performs. Check them out at shieldhealthandfitness.com and use code SANDCAST for a discount. Tape smarter. Train harder. SHIELD up.  

This episode features a great chat with James Baxenfield about how American football got started and is growing in the Baltic countries, especially Estonia.James explains that football first popped up in Estonia right after the Soviet Union broke up around 1989. It started very small—just informal games with whatever equipment people could find.Now, things are much more organized. Over the last couple of decades, American football has become a more structured sport, with a rising number of local amateur teams and leagues. This growth is largely thanks to dedicated people in the communities who have worked hard to build a football culture.James also talks about the Baltic League, which includes teams from Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. This league is really important for getting American football noticed in the region. The sport still struggles because other games are much more popular, but teams like the Tartu Titans and the Vilnius Iron Wolves show the competitive and friendly spirit of this developing football scene.Finally, the discussion gives a sneak peek at James Baxenfield's new podcast, 'Gridiron Baltic'. His show will dive deep into the history and current status of American football in the Baltics, sharing local stories and helping people understand the sport's unique journey in that part of the world. It's a great chance to learn about a cool, developing corner of football history.Join us at the Pigskin Dispatch website to see even more Positive football news! Don't forget to check out and subscribe to the Pigskin Dispatch YouTube channel for additional content and the regular Football History Minute Shorts.Miss our football by the day of the year podcasts, well don't, because they can still be found at the Pigskin Dispatch website. Takeaways:Football's popularity is surging in America and across the globe, including the Baltic region.The upcoming podcast, Gridiron Baltic, will explore American football's history in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.Local teams in Estonia are competing in the Baltic League, which showcases regional football talent.Flag football is gaining traction in Estonia, with new teams forming to promote the sport.The first American football games in Estonia occurred in 1989 after the Soviet Union's dissolution.The podcast aims to increase visibility for American football in the Baltic region, reflecting its growing popularity.

The 18th of November is celebrated in Latvia as Independence Day. I'll guide you through the four parts of this gripping story. First, the dramatic declaration of independence on 18 November 1918. Second, the war that ensued. Third, the Soviet Russian occupation of Latvia from 1940 until independence was regained in 1991. And finally, how Latvians celebrate Independence Day today, with my memories of participating in the commemoration as deputy British Ambassador in the late 1990s. Thanks for listening!

KATY IS BACK! And we are proud to report that her new baby no longer looks like far-right French politician Éric Zemmour. Relief all around!    It's been a hectic time in Europe, but we're happy to be covering it all—or, you know, a sizable sliver of it—starting with Latvia's potential withdrawal from the Istanbul Convention and the European Parliament's call for new regulation of algorithmic tech in the workplace. Algorithmic management has made its way into all sorts of industries; we dig into whether or not that's a good thing and how new legislation might help to protect us all.   Then it's off to Paris, where tens of thousands of shoppers have already flooded the aisles of the new brick-and-mortar Shein store and thousands of others have been protesting its very existence. That's not only because of Shein's environmentally toxic business model but because of the recent appearance of some despicable products on its website—which has led the French government to threaten to ban the fast-fashion giant. To break it all down, we rang up Paris-based fashion journalist Dana Thomas, author of the book Fashionopolis and host of the podcast The Green Dream.   Mentioned in this episode:   ‘“Cynical and completely reckless” Latvia has the highest femicide rate in Europe — including Russia. Its parliament just voted to exit a treaty protecting women from violence.' - Meduza, November 4, 2025 EU study: 37% of employees are monitored for working hours 1 in 4 workplaces make decisions with algorithms Case studies in algorithmic management Dana's book Fashionopolis Dana's newsletter, The Style Files   This week's Inspiration Station recommendations are the Rosalía album Lux and the podcast series Where Is Jón?, a co-production of RTÉ in Ireland and RÚV in Iceland.    We don't often have sponsors on this podcast but this week, we do: Patagonia. Three years ago, Patagonia named Earth as its only shareholder. But moving more profits to environmental causes hasn't made them a perfect company—let alone a sustainable one. Out now is Patagonia's 2025 Work-in-Progress report: the raw truth about where they're messing up, but also, the latest ways they're rethinking business as usual. You can check out the report here. This podcast was brought to you in cooperation with Euranet Plus, the leading radio network for EU news. But it's contributions from listeners that truly make it all possible—we could not continue to make the show without you! If you like what we do, you can chip in to help us cover our production costs at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠patreon.com/europeanspodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (in many different currencies), or you can gift a donation to a superfan. We'd also love it if you could tell two friends about this podcast. We think two feels like a reasonable number. 01:21  Katy's back! 05:33  Bad Week: Latvian politicians 19:08  Good Week: All European workers! (Maybe) 30:48  Interview: Dana Thomas on France's threat to ban SHEIN 46:00  The Inspiration Station: 'Lux' by Rosalía and 'Where is Jón'? 50:46  Happy Ending: Europe's first major elephant sanctuary Produced by Morgan Childs  Editorial support from Katz Laszlo Mixing and mastering by Wojciech Oleksiak Music by Jim Barne and Mariska Martina YouTube | Bluesky | Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ | Mastodon⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ | hello@europeanspodcast.com

With the release of some great collabs between some of this year's (and past year's) Eurovision faves, it's time to take a look at a whole bunch of recent songs by pairs of ESC artists. They might be from the same country, they might be from the same year, or they might have even collaborated before their dreams of holding the glass trophy had even entered their minds, but all the songs are good fun and a good excuse to check in with some favorite artists. Jeremy needs some high-speed kissing, Dimitry experiences an awakening of his appetite, and Oscar wants to take you for a ride.Watch this week's selections on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNRTEJYCXGM&list=PLd2EbKTi9fyXUVog4esKS8i77l9zXp3I1&pp=gAQBThis week's companion playlist: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/3nA9KxIkUJ3Uw79q2BnlLc The Eurovangelists are Jeremy Bent, Oscar Montoya and Dimitry Pompée.The theme was arranged and recorded by Cody McCorry and Faye Fadem, and the logo was designed by Tom Deja.Production support for this show was provided by the Maximum Fun network.The show is edited by Jeremy Bent with audio mixing help was courtesy of Shane O'Connell.Find Eurovangelists on social media as @eurovangelists on Instagram and @eurovangelists.com on Bluesky, or send us an email at eurovangelists@gmail.com. Head to https://maxfunstore.com/collections/eurovangelists for Eurovangelists merch. Also follow the Eurovangelists account on Spotify and check out our playlists of Eurovision hits, competitors in upcoming national finals, and companion playlists to every single episode, including this one!

In this episode, we explore how the war in Ukraine has impacted Russian military thought on combined arms operations, naval surface warfare, and air dominance operations. Guest Biographies Michael Petersen is a principal research scientist in CNA's Russia Studies Program. He is an expert on Russian military strategy, operations, and net assessments of high-intensity conflict. From 2023-2024, he served as senior advisor to Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Lisa Franchetti.  Paul Schwartz is a Senior Research Scientist with CNA's Russia Studies Program. Gabriela Iveliz Rosa-Hernandez is an Associate Research Analyst at the CNA Russia Studies Program. Her research centers on security orders, deterrence issues, and Russia's security policy, supplemented by her significant in-country experience living in Russia, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, and other countries in the region. Further Reading CNA Report: Russian Concepts of Future Warfare Based on Lessons from the Ukraine War  

Guten morgen! Tirsdagsgjengen er endelig full igjen. Kaisa er tilbake fra Oslo der hun har ligget døende de siste ukene og Bertine er kommet hjem fra tur nr 2 til Latvia. Sofie og Erle har holdt fortet i Bergen og tråkker oss gjennom halloweenhelgens hendelser og kostymer. Vi er til forandring ikke bare klagete, men også takknemlig i dagens sending, og Erle smeller frem en god quiz:) Happy thanksgiving!

In this episode, we join Martin Butler M1MRB, Dan Romanchik KB6NU, Caryn Eve Murray KD2GUT, Edmund Spicer M0MNG, and Ed Durrant DD5LP to discuss the latest Amateur / Ham Radio news. Colin Butler (M6BOY) rounds up the news in brief, and the episode's feature is Club open day and RSGB win an award. We would like to thank Walter Turner (W8LN), Walter Washburn (KT0D), David LeBlanc (KF7KAF), Frank Westphal (K6FW), Nicholas Bradley (G4IWO) and Ken DeLap II (KX9U) and our monthly and annual subscription donors for keeping the podcast advert free. To donate, please visit - http://www.icqpodcast.com/donate Ham to Chair Newly Created University Department Reminder: Keep Clear of Emergency Frequencies Young Amateurs Learn New Modes for Emcomm No, SDRs Haven't Ruined DX'ing Astronomy Trade Fair to Debut at Ham Radio Friedrichshafen YOTA Month: Book Your GB25YOTA Operating Is AO-7 Still the Oldest Satellite? Latvia's Hams Honor Nation's First Broadcast Radio at 100

A judge orders the Trump administration to use emergency funds for SNAP benefits, Protests escalate following Tanzania's election, Ukraine claims that Russia used a missile that led President Trump to quit the INF treaty, Latvia votes to exit the Istanbul Convention, A Finnish Member of Parliament and a Bishop face hate speech charges, Victoria passes Australia's first Indigenous Treaty law, The FBI arrests five in Michigan over an alleged Islamic State group-inspired Halloween plot, Texas allows judges to refuse same-sex weddings on religious grounds, A study suggests that humans surpassed AI models across planning and prediction tasks, and thieves steal over 1,000 artifacts from museum storage in Oakland. Sources: www.verity.news

Before Angry Audio, Michael “Catfish” Dosch helped redefine how audio moves through radio stations. In this episode, Catfish joins Kirk to revisit the early 2000s when he, Steve Church, and a small development team in Riga, Latvia, built the world’s first practical Audio over IP system — Livewire. From his PR&E console-design roots to creating the Telos SmartSurface and the first Livewire mixing engine, Catfish shares behind-the-scenes stories, engineering breakthroughs, and lessons that changed broadcast infrastructure forever. It’s a fascinating trip back to the dawn of AoIP — where analog met Ethernet and radio changed for good. Guest:Michael “Catfish” Dosch - Product Creator and Owner at Angry Audio Show Notes:Introduction to Livewire+ - web article & link to PDF book on LivewireInformation about Steve Church, who led the development of Livewire Audio over IP Host:Kirk Harnack, The Telos Alliance, Delta Radio, Star94.3, South Seas, & Akamai BroadcastingFollow TWiRT on Twitter and on Facebook - and see all the videos on YouTube.TWiRT is brought to you by:Broadcasters General Store, with outstanding service, saving, and support. Online at BGS.cc. Broadcast Bionics - making radio smarter with Bionic Studio, visual radio, and social media tools at Bionic.radio.Aiir, providing PlayoutONE radio automation, and other advanced solutions for audience engagement.Angry Audio and the new Rave analog audio mixing console. The new MaxxKonnect Broadcast U.192 MPX USB Soundcard - The first purpose-built broadcast-quality USB sound card with native MPX output. Subscribe to Audio:iTunesRSSStitcherTuneInSubscribe to Video:iTunesRSSYouTube

In Part 1, Lee sits down with Virslīga President Maksims Krivunecs in Riga for an inside look at the Latvian football landscape. What is Latvia's unique claim to fame within the 55 UEFA countries? Why have five of the country's nine different champions since independence gone out of business? What does the average Virslīga footballer earn per month? And why is he in favour of setting up a Baltic League along with Lithuania and Estonia?In Part 2, Lee returns to the virtual studio to dissect Maksim's grand plan for a Baltic League and tell Paul all about the live experience at the Latvian Cup final. What format for the Baltic League take and how would the three stages of the competition work? What is the likelihood of it ever happening? Why was the Skonto Stadium in Riga only 14% full for the big match? And what exactly is the strange relationship between Riga FC and Auda FK?*There is NO official proof on paper of an official relationship between Riga FC and Auda FK. Our source regarding their curious connection is Baltic Football News: balticfootballnews.comChapters00:00 – Intro01:10 – The good and bad of Latvian football04:23 – The vanishing champion problem12:11 – Memorable European nights20:05 – The Baltic League grand plan28:08 – Format, strengths & weaknesses37:37 – The 2025 Latvian Cup final47:20 – On The Spot

Before Angry Audio, Michael “Catfish” Dosch helped redefine how audio moves through radio stations. In this episode, Catfish joins Kirk to revisit the early 2000s when he, Steve Church, and a small development team in Riga, Latvia, built the world's first practical Audio over IP system — Livewire. From his PR&E console-design roots to creating the Telos SmartSurface and the first Livewire mixing engine, Catfish shares behind-the-scenes stories, engineering breakthroughs, and lessons that changed broadcast infrastructure forever. It's a fascinating trip back to the dawn of AoIP — where analog met Ethernet and radio changed for good.

"To me, that ark is: engaging deeply with our traditions. It's reclaiming some of what we lost when we were assimilating and trying to fit in. We have thousands of years of text that have such wisdom about the human condition, about how to be a good person, and lead a worthy life . . . What we can really do is, we can be Jews. And to be a Jew has always been to be different." Sarah Hurwitz—former White House speechwriter and New York Times bestselling author of Here All Along—returns to People of the Pod to discuss her new book, As a Jew: Reclaiming Our Story from Those Who Blame, Shame, and Try to Erase Us. Hurwitz reflects on why antisemitism remains, in her words, "the least mysterious phenomenon," and how Jews can reclaim pride, wisdom, and purpose through Jewish text, practice, and community. Drawing from her work as a hospital chaplain and her conversations with Jewish students on campus, she makes a powerful case for reconnecting with the depth and resilience of Jewish tradition. Key Resources: AJC's Translate Hate Glossary AJC's Efforts to Support the Hostages Listen – AJC Podcasts: Architects of Peace The Forgotten Exodus People of the Pod Follow People of the Pod on your favorite podcast app, and learn more at AJC.org/PeopleofthePod You can reach us at: peopleofthepod@ajc.org If you've appreciated this episode, please be sure to tell your friends, and rate and review us on Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Transcript of the Interview: Manya Brachear Pashman:     During the Obama administration, Sarah Hurwitz served as senior speech writer for President Barack Obama and chief speech writer for First Lady Michelle Obama. But after she left the White House, she did a little bit of soul searching, and in her mid 30s, reconnected with her Judaism. She wrote about it in a book titled Here All Along, and joined us at the time to talk about it. Sarah has returned with us this week to talk about the book that followed, titled As a Jew: Reclaiming Our Story from Those Who Blame, Shame, and Try to Erase Us.  Sarah, welcome back to People of the Pod. Sarah Hurwitz:  Thank you so much. I'm thrilled to be here. Manya Brachear Pashman:     So your title has a very powerful accusation. So tell us who is blaming, shaming and trying to erase us? Sarah Hurwitz:   Yeah. So, you know, it's funny. My first book, as you know, was this love letter toJudaism. This, this journey of discovery of Jewish tradition, and I loved it so much, and I wanted to share it. You know, as I was writing it, I was thinking, Oh, where has this been all my life. Kind of a lovely, almost rhetorical question. But after it came out, a few things kind of happened that made me actually ask that question more seriously. Like, Wait, why did I not see any of the 4000 years of Jewish wisdom growing up?  The first thing was, I trained to be a volunteer hospital chaplain, and you know, chaplaincy is multifaith, open to chaplains of all backgrounds. But you know, the training was kind of weirdly Christian. You know, we would talk about our ministry and our theology. And I was told that prayer is God, please heal so and so who's right here in front of me, and I'm just making this prayer up spontaneously, and they can hear me, and that's prayer. And everyone prays that way, I was told. I said, You know that that's not really a common form of Jewish prayer. But I was told, No, no, as long as you don't say Jesus, it is universal. That's interesting.  And then something else that happened is I visited a college campus probably a year before October 7, and I was talking to students there at the Hillel, talking to a bunch of Jewish students. And one of them asked me, What did you do to respond to antisemitism when you were in college? And I was so stunned, I didn't even understand the question at first. And then I said, I didn't, not once, never. Not a single time did I deal with antisemitism.  And the kids just looked kind of shocked, like they didn't believe me. And they started sharing stories of the antisemitism they were facing on campus. And I thought, uh oh, something's going on here. And then I really began kind of taking a deep dive into my identity.  Of like, wait, so why did I spend my whole life being like, oh, I'm just a cultural Jew. I knew nothing about Jewish culture. Which is a beautiful way to be Jewish, being a cultural Jew, but I knew nothing about history, language, anything like that. When I said I'm an ethnic Jew, but Jews are of every ethnicity, so that's nonsense.  Or I'd say social justice is my Judaism, but I didn't know anything about what Judaism said about social justice. Unlike these wonderful Jews who do know about social justice and spend their lives acting out Jewish social justice.  And so I took a deep dive into history, and what I discovered was 2000 years of antisemitism and anti-Judaism and 200 years of Jews in Western Europe in a very understandable attempt to escape that persecution, kind of erasing many of our traditions. And I think that was kind of my answer to, where has this been all my life? And also my answer to, why did I have such an apologetic Jewish identity for so much of my life? Manya Brachear Pashman:     In my introduction, I left off half the title of your first book because it was very long, but I am curious, kind of, when did you realize . . . well, let me give the full title of your book, it's Here All Along: Finding Meaning, Spirituality, and a Deeper Connection to Life--in Judaism (After Finally Choosing to Look There).  So I guess, how was that delayed connection to Judaism, can you elaborate a little bit more about how it was tied to these forces that you just talked about? Sarah Hurwitz:  Yeah, so, you know, something that I didn't really fully understand, I had intimations of this, but didn't really understand this, is that, you know, 2000 years ago, early Christianity very much defined itself against Judaism. There was actually a name for this, the Aversos Judeos tradition, which means against the Jews in Latin.  And you know, early Church Fathers very much were defining Christianity against Judaism, because back then, both of these traditions had originated from Judaism. And you know they parted ways at some point, and the Church Fathers were really trying to distinguish Christianity from Judaism, and to get people to stop kind of practicing both traditions. This tradition really continues with Judaism defined as unspiritual, legalistic, depraved, dead, spiritually superseded. A lot of very, very ugly tropes that kind of have common themes that say that Jews are diabolically powerful, so supernaturally powerful, you can't even believe it. They are also profoundly depraved, evil, bloodthirsty, perverse, and they're in a conspiracy to hurt you. So there may be very few of them, but man, they are working together to really do harm.  And you see these three themes kind of making their way through history, unfortunately, all the way basically, until the Holocaust. And I based a lot of my writing on the work of a number of really distinguished Christian scholars who make this argument. It's actually a pretty common argument among Christian scholars.  And, you know, in recent decades, the church has very much disavowed its historic anti-Judaism and has worked very hard to, you know, fight antisemitism in the church. But, you know, these things really did kind of continue on through the 20th century. Manya Brachear Pashman:     So you do describe in your book moments when you got oddly defensive about your Judaism, or perhaps a bit revisionist about Jewish history and the origin of Jewish traditions, or the reason why they exist now in modern day. Can you elaborate on some of those moments for our listeners and explain how you've self-corrected thatdefense? Sarah Hurwitz:  You know, I think a lot of it took the form of, oh, I'm Jewish, but not that Jewish. It was just sort of this immediate, but I'm not one of those Jews. You know, those really Jewish Jews. Well, I'm sorry, would it be a problem if I were? What if social justice wasn't my Judaism, but Judaism was my Judaism? Would that be okay? You know, just beginning to notice, like, Why am I always kind of pushing it away, claiming that I'm not too Jewish? That's a very strange way to announce someone's identity. I think, you know, Dara Horn has actually a really, quite an amazing essay called The Cool Kids, and she talks about these two different types of antisemitism. And one is this kind of eliminationist antisemitism which says the Jews are bad, there's nothing they can do to be good. We must kill them. And you know, that is the Holocaust, pogroms. We learn about that kind of antisemitism in school. But there's another kind of antisemitism, which is conversionist, which says, yes, the Jews are bad, but there is something they can do to be okay and saved. And that is, they can disavow whatever we, the majority, find disgusting about Jewish civilization.  So you know, back in the day, it was, reject Jewish religion and convert to Christianity, and you'll be saved, maybe. For some amount of time, possibly. In my parents and grandparents generation, it was, you know, reject your last name, get a nose job. Stop being so "Jewy", be a little bit more "waspy," and then maybe we'll let you into our club. Then maybe we'll accept you.  And today, what you see is you have to reject your ancestral homeland, you know, reject Israel, and then you'll be okay. And, you know, I visited 27 college campuses, and I kind of saw how this sometimes takes on the format of almost like a Christian conversion narrative, where it goes something like, you know, growing up, my rabbi and my parents told me Israel was perfect and amazing and a utopia. And then I got to college, and I realized that actually it's a colonialist, Nazi, racist society, and I had an epiphany. I saw the light, and I took anti-Zionism and anti-colonialism into my heart, and now I'm saved. Now I'm a good Jew. And their classmates are like, now you're a good Jew.  And as Dara Horn puts it, this kind of antisemitism involves the weaponization of shame. It involves really trying to convince Jews that there is something fundamentally shameful about some aspect of themselves, their identity, their tradition. And today, that thing is Israel. This idea that there's something fundamentally . . . it's like the original sin of the world. Manya Brachear Pashman:     And you also talk about the tradition of circumcision, and how that came up, and you found yourself explaining this to someone. Can you elaborate on that for our listeners? Which I thought was really interesting.  Sarah Hurwitz:  This was during an encounter with a patient. I was doing a chaplaincy shift, and  usually I don't tell my patients my religious background, I'm very neutral, unless they're Jewish, in which case, I do tell them I'm Jewish. But, you know, I was finishing up a conversation with this very lovely lady. And she was very curious about my background. And so I told her, you know, I'm Jewish. And her eyes kind of lit up, and she said, Oh, you know, many of my neighbors are Jewish. I've actually been to two brisses in the past month.  And she just, you know, and she was so lovely, like, she actually seemed to be just really happy to be included in this tradition of her neighbors. And I got weirdly defensive, and was like, Oh, well, you know, just so, you know, medical professionals, they say whether you circumcise or don't circumcise, it's really, it's equally safe either way. And you know, we often, you know, when we do brisses, they're often done by a medical provider.  And I'm going on and on and like, this woman did not say the slightest negative thing about this tradition, but suddenly I am defensive. Suddenly it's like, Huh, interesting. You know, I think that it was an illustration to me of the way that we can sometimes really imbibe all of the kind of negative views about Jews and Jewish traditions that are around us, and become defensive, and sometimes we don't even realize that they're there. It's almost like they're the air that we breathe. Manya Brachear Pashman:     But let me challenge that and push back a little bit. I mean, is it okay to not agree with some of the traditions of the Jewish faith and be open about your disagreement with that? I certainly know a lot of Christians who don't like things that emerge from their tradition or from their community. Is that okay? Or is it not when Judaism is threatened? Sarah Hurwitz:  So I actually do think that's okay. You know, I have no problem with that, but I think the problem in this situation was that I have no problem with circumcision, but I'm suddenly getting defensive and trying to convince this woman that it's not weird. And I'm thinking, why am I doing this? It was very interesting to me that I felt so suddenly defensive and anxious. You know, it was very surprising to me. Manya Brachear Pashman:     And similarly, it's okay to criticize Israeli policy too, right? I mean, it's totally acceptable.  Sarah Hurwitz:  Absolutely. This is the thing that I'm so confused about. Where people are saying, well, you know, you're saying that it's not okay to criticize Israel. And I'm like, I'm sorry. Have you been to Israel? It's like the national pastime there to criticize the government. I criticize the Israeli government all the time, as do millions of American Jews.  This idea that this is somehow… that we're somehow reacting to criticism of Israel, that's ridiculous. I think what we're reacting to is not criticism of Israel, but it's something else. You know, when you have students on a college campus saying from water to water, Palestine should be Arab, or Israelis are Nazis. I just, with all due respect, I don't see that as criticism. Nor would I see it as criticism if, God forbid, a Jewish student ever said from water to water, Israel should be Jewish, or, Palestinians are terrorists. That is hateful, disgusting, racist, eliminationist language. And if I ever heard a Jewish student say that, I mean, let me tell you, I would have quite a talking to with that kid.  So that's not criticism. Criticism is, I am vehemently opposed and abhor, this policy, this ideology, this action, for these reasons. That's criticism. And I think you can use real strong language to do that kind of criticism. But there's a difference between a criticism and slurs and baseless accusations. And I think we need to be just clear about that. Manya Brachear Pashman:     All right, so you just use the term from water to water instead of from river to sea. Was that on purpose? Sarah Hurwitz:  Not necessarily. It's just a clearer illustration of what I think from the river to the sea really means, you know, I think  that is the Arabic that is used. Infrom the river to the sea, Palestine shall be free. It's like, you can kind of make an argument that this is about Palestinian Liberation. And okay, fair enough. But I think when you get the from water to water, it shall be Arab, that's when I think there's less of an argument that it's about freedom, and it seems a little bit more eliminationist to me. Manya Brachear Pashman:     Interesting. I've not heard that before. But I like that. So you call antisemitism the least mysterious phenomenon. Can you please explain what you mean by that? Sarah Hurwitz:  Yeah, you know, I think, like a lot of young people, my antisemitism education was mainly just Holocaust education. And I kind of walked away thinking like, huh, how wild that the civilized world just lost its mind in the mid-20th century and started killing Jews. That's so shocking and disturbing, you know, why is that? And the answer was kind of like, well, you know, the Germans lost World War I. They blamed the Jews. There was a depression. They blamed the Jews.  And when you ask why the Jews, it's like, well, because of prejudice and scapegoating. I'm like, Okay, right. But again, why the Jews? Prejudice and scapegoating, that's the answer. It's like, well, actually, the answer really is because of 2000 years of Christian anti-Judaism that preceded that. It wasn't mysterious why the Jews were targeted.  This was a 2000-year neural groove that had been worn into the Western world psyche. And this is not my argument. This is the argument of countless Christian scholars whose brilliant work I cite. And so I think that the unfortunate thing about some forms of Holocaust education is that it leaves you with the impression that, oh, this is so mysterious, it's just kind of eternal and kind of comes out of nowhere. Or even worse, you might even think maybe we did something to deserve this. But it's not mysterious. I can show you its path through history.  And I think it's very important that Jews understand this history. And look, I think this is very hard to teach in an average American public school. Because, you know, we live in a country where, you know, saying Happy Holidays instead of Merry Christmas is very upsetting for some people. They feel very threatened and triggered by that.  So for a teacher to say, like, Okay, kids today we're going to learn about how 2000 years of Christian anti-Judaism paved the way for the Holocaust . . . I don't think that's going to go well. Even if many mainstream Christian scholars would agree that that's true, this is a challenge that we face. Manya Brachear Pashman:     So you have continued, as you said, to visit college campuses where antisemitism has been an issue since October 7, more of an issue than it even was beforehand. And yet, when you were at Harvard and Harvard Law, you've said you could have walked through Harvard Yard wrapped in an Israeli flag and no one would have said a word or reacted negatively. So what has changed, and does it signal a more general shift on campuses of kind of uncensored, unbridled speech?  In other words, if black students support black lives matter, or gay students are marching for pride, do you feel like there's a sense that students who disagree with that from either the right or the left, have kind of claimed a license to criticize that too? Sarah Hurwitz:  No. I try to explain to college students when they say, Well, okay, my campus isn't that bad, you know, I can wear my Jewish star, and I won't get, you know, harassed or ostracized. And I say, like, okay, great, if it's not that bad, I'll just wear my Israel t-shirt and we'll see how it goes. They're like, No.  And then I have to go through this long litany of like, okay, if your black classmate said to you, well, this campus isn't so bad for black students, but I can't wear my Black Lives Matter t-shirt or else I'll be harassed and ostracized. I hope you would say that's not okay, that's racism, pretty clear. Or if your queer classmate said, Well, this campus is pretty good for queer people, but I can't wear my pride t-shirt, I hope you would say, That's not pretty good. That's homophobia.  You know, when the majority feels entitled to decide how the minority can embody and express their identity, I think we have a really serious problem. And  sometimes the kids will push back on me. Well, no, no, but the problem isn't being Jewish. It's Israel. I'm like, okay, but if your Chinese American classmate wore a t-shirt that said China, even if all your classmates knew that the Chinese government had been interning a million Muslim Uighurs in camps and subjecting them to horrific human rights violations, would they harass and ostracize her?  And they're like, Well, probably not. Right, because they would assume that she has a relationship to China that maybe involves having heritage there, or maybe she studied abroad there, or maybe she's studying Chinese, maybe she has family there. I think they would assume that she has some connection to the country that doesn't involve agreeing with the policies of the Chinese government, and Jewish students on campus really aren't afforded that courtesy.  And I'll tell you, most of the Jewish students I spoke with on campus, they, like me, are extremely critical of this current Israeli government. Extremely, extremely critical. They have all sorts of criticisms about what's happening in Gaza, of the occupation.  You know, their views are quite nuanced and complex, but there is no room given for that. You know, I think on some college campuses, Israel has been put into the same bucket as the KKK and the Nazi party. So I can't say to you, look, you know, I'm a Nazi, but I'm a liberal Nazi. Or, oh, you know, I'm in the KKK, but I'm not racist. It's like, come on, right?  These are vile entities with which no connection is acceptable, period. And I think once Israel ceases to be a country and instead becomes the representation of all evil in the world, there's really no relationship that you can have with it that's acceptable. And I think that is a pretty devastating place for it to be today.  And I'll tell you, I think it's a really challenging moment right now where I, like a lot of American Jews, I'm a Zionist. I believe that Jews have a right to a safe and secure home state in their ancestral homeland. I believe we have the right to national independence and self determination, like Japanese people have in Japan and Latvians have in Latvia, and on and on. And you know, we've run that experiment of Jewish powerlessness for 2000 years, and it didn't go well. Even as late as the 20th century. It wasn't just that two thirds of Jews in Europe got wiped out because of the Holocaust.  It's that nearly a million Jews who lived in Arab lands had to flee persecution, most of them to Israel. It's that 2 million Russian Jews had to flee persecution, half of them to Israel. It's that 10s of 1000s of Ethiopian Jews, I can go on and on. So we know, we've run that experiment of Jewish statelessness, and it doesn't go well.  And at the same time, we are looking at this current Israeli government, and we are appalled. We're appalled by the ideology, we're appalled by many of the policies. And you know, for me as an American, this feels very familiar, because I love this country. I'm a proud, patriotic American, and I happen to very much disagree with the current president. I happen to be very much appalled by the current president's policies and ideology. And so, I think many people are able to hold that, but somehow it's harder with Israel, because of what is in the air right now. Manya Brachear Pashman:     So, really you're saying that antisemitism has distorted history. Distorted people's understanding of Israel's history, their understanding of modern Israel's rebirth and existence. It spawned anti-Zionism. Correct?  Sarah Hurwitz:   Yes. Manya Brachear Pashman:     Did you encounter that during your time in the Obama administration? Do you see it now, in hindsight or or is it a more recent emergence? Sarah Hurwitz:   I think this is more recent. I mean, you know, probably in some spaces it was, you know, I was in the administration from 2009 to 2017. I never once saw any kind of anti-Zionism or antisemitism. I mean, it was one of the best places to be a proud, passionate Jew. I knew my colleagues could not have been more supportive of my Jewish exploration. They were so proud when I wrote my first book.  So I never saw any of this ever, once. And I think, you know, I think what is so confusing about this is that we often think about antisemitism as a kind of personal prejudice, like, oh, you know, Jews are fill in the blank, nasty thing. They are dirty, cheap, crass. I don't want my daughter to marry one. I don't want one in my country club.  You don't really see that kind of antisemitism in the circles where I travel anymore. What you see instead is more of political antisemitism, which is antisemitism as a kind of conspiracy theory that says that we, the majority, are engaged in a grand moral project, and the only thing stopping us are these Jews. We the majority are Christianizing the Roman Empire.  The only thing stopping us, these Jews who won't convert. We the majority are bringing about the brotherhood of man, the great communist revolution. The only thing stopping us, these capitalist Jews. We the Germans, are bringing about the great, racially pure Aryan fatherland. The only thing stopping us – these race-polluting Jews.  And today in America, you see it on the right and the left. On the right, it's, you know, we white Christian Americans are bringing back white Christian civilization to America. And the only thing stopping us are these Jews who are importing black and brown immigrants to replace white people. That is the extremely racist and antisemitic theory known as the Great Replacement theory. It is an ugly, disgusting lie.  On the left you have, you know, we this very moral group of people. we are bringing about the revolution of anti-colonialism, anti-Zionism. And the only thing stopping us are these colonialist Zionists, which is a polite way of saying Jews. And so, you know, I think it's very important to understand, as Yossi Klein Halevi, the journalist, puts it, you know, what you see again and again is whatever is the worst thing in a society, that is what the Jews are deemed to be. Whatever is the worst thing among a particular population, that is what the Jews are deemed to be. And I think we're kind of seeing that on both the right and the left today. Manya Brachear Pashman:     If antisemitism defines so much, or has defined so much of Jewish identity, how do we reclaim that? How have you reclaimed that? And how have you found joy in your Jewish identity, especially after doing this book and immersing yourself and all of this extremely depressing perspective? Sarah Hurwitz:   I hear this kind of line among many Jews that breaks my heart. It's this sort of self-flagellation, of like, if we just had the right PR campaign, if we just had the right tweet, then we would fight antisemitism. It's our fault, we're doing such a bad job fighting antisemitism. And, you know, I love the ambition there. I think that is so sweet.  But there are 16 million of us in the whole world. That's with an M, million, like the size of like, the fifth largest city in China. We are a Chinese city. There are billions of people who don't really love us out there. And the idea that we, this tiny group of people, is going to somehow change the minds of billions of people. I really respect the ambition, but I think that's a tough one.  I think it's sort of like trying to bail out a tsunami with buckets. You know, if enough of us do it, I'm sure we can make a difference. And I have such respect for the people who are doing that work. I think it's very important. But I also would just suggest that maybe we should put a little more of our energy into building an ark to weather the storm.  And you know, to me, that ark is, engaging deeply with our traditions. It's reclaiming, I think, some of what we lost when we were assimilating and trying to fit in. You know, we have thousands of years of text that have such wisdom about the human condition, about how to be a good person and lead a worthy life and find profound spiritual connection. We have just so many beautiful traditions. And so I think that what we can really do is, we can be Jews. And to be a Jew has always been to be different.  That was kind of our value proposition thousands of years ago when we came along and said, hey guys, monotheism. Totally different way of thinking. We said, hey, every human being is created in the image of God, which is an idea that every human being is infinitely worthy. Which, again, this is the idea that underlies things like liberalism, democracy, human rights. These are really Earth-shatteringly different counter cultural ideas, and we have so many more of those that I still think the world needs today.  So I think that rather than just being anti-anti-semites, that we can be proud Jews instead, and we can really focus on becoming more learned, more vibrant members of our communities, you know, engaging in more of our traditions and our rituals.  I also think, you know, Dara Horn has been doing a lot of great work about educating kids about Jewish civilization. Rather than having young people only know about the Jews via the Holocaust, she really wants to teach young people about Jewish civilization, ideas, and people. I think that is a very, very powerful and very helpful idea. Manya Brachear Pashman:     So how are you doing this? How do you spend each week? How do you reclaim some of these traditions and joy? Sarah Hurwitz:    For me, it's studying. That's really how I engage, you know, I have various chavrutas or I study Jewish texts. I love reading Jewish books, and I love participating in the Jewish community. You know, I love engaging with various Jewish organizations, you know, serving on various committees, and just trying to be part of this project of reclaiming Judaism, of making it more accessible to more Jews. This is what I love doing, and I'll be starting in January. I'm actually going to be starting a rabbinic program at the Hartman Institute. It's a part time program.  And I'm not not planning to be a congregational rabbi, but I do want to keep writing books, and I am really grateful for this opportunity to get a much deeper, more thorough Jewish education than the one I've kind of given to myself, and, you know, kind of cobbled together. I think this is going to be a really extraordinary opportunity. So I'm very excited about that.  Manya Brachear Pashman:     Oh, wow. Well, congratulations. I look forward to welcoming you back to the podcast and calling you Rabbi.  Sarah Hurwitz: Thank you. Manya Brachear Pashman:     Thank you so much for joining us, Sarah. Sarah Hurwitz:  Such a pleasure. Thank you for having me.   

Founded in 1932, the Pērkonkrusts ("Thunder Cross") was the largest and most prominent right-wing political party in Latvia in the early twentieth century. Its motto--"Latvia for Latvians!"--echoed the ultranationalist rhetoric of similar movements throughout Europe at the time. Unlike the Nazis in Germany or the Fascists in Italy, however, the Pērkonkrusts never succeeded in seizing power. Nevertheless, in her book Thunder Cross: Fascist Antisemitism in Twentieth-Century Latvia (U Wisconsin Press, 2025) holocaust historian Paula A. Oppermann argues that the movement left an indelible mark on the country . The antisemitism at the core of the Pērkonkrusts' ideology remained a driving force for Latvian fascists throughout the twentieth century, persisting despite shifting historical and political contexts. Thunder Cross is the most comprehensive study of Latvia's fascist movement in English to date, and the only work that investigates the often neglected continuities of fascist antisemitism after World War II. Formulated as an empirical case study, this book draws on international and interdisciplinary secondary literature and sources in seven languages to broaden our understanding of fascism, antisemitism, and mass violence from Germany and Italy to the larger European context. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Founded in 1932, the Pērkonkrusts ("Thunder Cross") was the largest and most prominent right-wing political party in Latvia in the early twentieth century. Its motto--"Latvia for Latvians!"--echoed the ultranationalist rhetoric of similar movements throughout Europe at the time. Unlike the Nazis in Germany or the Fascists in Italy, however, the Pērkonkrusts never succeeded in seizing power. Nevertheless, in her book Thunder Cross: Fascist Antisemitism in Twentieth-Century Latvia (U Wisconsin Press, 2025) holocaust historian Paula A. Oppermann argues that the movement left an indelible mark on the country . The antisemitism at the core of the Pērkonkrusts' ideology remained a driving force for Latvian fascists throughout the twentieth century, persisting despite shifting historical and political contexts. Thunder Cross is the most comprehensive study of Latvia's fascist movement in English to date, and the only work that investigates the often neglected continuities of fascist antisemitism after World War II. Formulated as an empirical case study, this book draws on international and interdisciplinary secondary literature and sources in seven languages to broaden our understanding of fascism, antisemitism, and mass violence from Germany and Italy to the larger European context. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Founded in 1932, the Pērkonkrusts ("Thunder Cross") was the largest and most prominent right-wing political party in Latvia in the early twentieth century. Its motto--"Latvia for Latvians!"--echoed the ultranationalist rhetoric of similar movements throughout Europe at the time. Unlike the Nazis in Germany or the Fascists in Italy, however, the Pērkonkrusts never succeeded in seizing power. Nevertheless, in her book Thunder Cross: Fascist Antisemitism in Twentieth-Century Latvia (U Wisconsin Press, 2025) holocaust historian Paula A. Oppermann argues that the movement left an indelible mark on the country . The antisemitism at the core of the Pērkonkrusts' ideology remained a driving force for Latvian fascists throughout the twentieth century, persisting despite shifting historical and political contexts. Thunder Cross is the most comprehensive study of Latvia's fascist movement in English to date, and the only work that investigates the often neglected continuities of fascist antisemitism after World War II. Formulated as an empirical case study, this book draws on international and interdisciplinary secondary literature and sources in seven languages to broaden our understanding of fascism, antisemitism, and mass violence from Germany and Italy to the larger European context. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/jewish-studies

Founded in 1932, the Pērkonkrusts ("Thunder Cross") was the largest and most prominent right-wing political party in Latvia in the early twentieth century. Its motto--"Latvia for Latvians!"--echoed the ultranationalist rhetoric of similar movements throughout Europe at the time. Unlike the Nazis in Germany or the Fascists in Italy, however, the Pērkonkrusts never succeeded in seizing power. Nevertheless, in her book Thunder Cross: Fascist Antisemitism in Twentieth-Century Latvia (U Wisconsin Press, 2025) holocaust historian Paula A. Oppermann argues that the movement left an indelible mark on the country . The antisemitism at the core of the Pērkonkrusts' ideology remained a driving force for Latvian fascists throughout the twentieth century, persisting despite shifting historical and political contexts. Thunder Cross is the most comprehensive study of Latvia's fascist movement in English to date, and the only work that investigates the often neglected continuities of fascist antisemitism after World War II. Formulated as an empirical case study, this book draws on international and interdisciplinary secondary literature and sources in seven languages to broaden our understanding of fascism, antisemitism, and mass violence from Germany and Italy to the larger European context. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/eastern-european-studies

The new NYC production of "Ragtime" is an epic portrait of American life in the early 20th century. Joshua Henry stars as Coalhouse Walker Jr., a celebrated pianist. Caissie Levy stars as Mother, a wealthy woman living in New Rochelle. And Brandon Uranowitz stars as Tateh, a poor Jewish immigrant from Latvia who arrives in America with his young daughter. For the first half of this conversation the three leads discuss their roles. Then, director Lear DeBessonet shares her approach to staging this massive and complex production, alongside actor Ben Levi Ross, who plays Younger Brother. "Ragtime" is running at Lincoln Center through January 4.

In this episode, we discuss how the war in Ukraine has not altered Moscow's threat perceptions, but amplified and reinforced them. Guest Biographies Gabriela Iveliz Rosa-Hernandez is an Associate Research Analyst at the CNA Russia Studies Program. Her research centers on security orders, deterrence issues, and Russia's security policy, supplemented by her significant in-country experience living in Russia, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, and other countries in the region. Further Reading CNA Report: The Shooting Party: Russia's Evolving Threat Perceptions Since 2022  

CISA warns a Windows SMB privilege escalation flaw is under Active exploitation. Microsoft issues an out of band fix for a WinRE USB input failure. Nation state hackers had long term access to F5. Envoy Air confirms it was hit by the zero-day in Oracle's E-Business Suite. A nonprofit hospital system in Massachusetts suffers a cyberattack. Russian's COLDRiver group rapidly retools its malware arsenal. GlassWorm malware hides malicious logic with invisible Unicode characters. European authorities dismantle a large-scale Latvian SIM farm operation. Myanmar's military raids a notorious cybercrime hub. Josh Kamdjou, from Sublime Security discusses how teams should get ahead of Scattered Spider's next move. Eagle Scouts are soaring into cyberspace. Remember to leave us a 5-star rating and review in your favorite podcast app. Miss an episode? Sign-up for our daily intelligence roundup, Daily Briefing, and you'll never miss a beat. And be sure to follow CyberWire Daily on LinkedIn. CyberWire Guest Josh Kamdjou, CEO and co-founder of Sublime Security and former DOD white hat hacker, is discussing how teams should get ahead of Scattered Spider's next move. Selected Reading CISA warns of active exploitation of Windows SMB privilege escalation flaw (Beyond Machines) Windows 11 KB5070773 emergency update fixes Windows Recovery issues (Bleeping Computer) Hackers Had Been Lurking in Cyber Firm F5 Systems Since 2023 (Bloomberg) Envoy Air (American Airlines) Confirms Oracle EBS 0-Day Breach Linked to Cl0p (Hackread) Cyberattack Disrupts Services at 2 Massachusetts Hospitals (BankInfo Security) Russian Coldriver Hackers Deploy New ‘NoRobot' Malware (Infosecurity Magazine) Self-spreading GlassWorm malware hits OpenVSX, VS Code registries (Bleeping Computer) Police Shutter SIM Farm Provider in Latvia, Bust 7 Suspects (Data Breach Today) Myanmar Military Shuts Down Major Cybercrime Center and Detains Over 2,000 People (SecurityWeek) Scouts will now be able to earn badges in AI and cybersecurity (CNN Business) Share your feedback. What do you think about CyberWire Daily? Please take a few minutes to share your thoughts with us by completing our brief listener survey. Thank you for helping us continue to improve our show. Want to hear your company in the show? N2K CyberWire helps you reach the industry's most influential leaders and operators, while building visibility, authority, and connectivity across the cybersecurity community. Learn more at sponsor.thecyberwire.com. The CyberWire is a production of N2K Networks, your source for strategic workforce intelligence. © N2K Networks, Inc. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

John Murray, Ian Dennis & Ali Bruce-Ball talk football, travel & language ahead of Liverpool vs Man Utd. John reflects on his surprise facial in Latvia, Ali recalls a twist in the tail at Wales-Belgium, and Ian faces John in Clash of the Commentators. Plus, a plethora of unintended pub names from football commentary, and more additions to the Great Glossary. Suggestions welcome - WhatsApp voicenotes to 08000 289 369 & emails to TCV@bbc.co.uk03:30 John's airport facial 07:15 How to make World Cup qualifying more interesting 14:25 Twist in the tail at Wales-Belgium 19:55 Visibility problems for Ian 22:25 Liverpool-Man Utd leads the 5 Live billing 26:40 Will Ian win again in Clash of the Commentators? 36:05 More perils of off-tube broadcasting 38:25 Unintended pub names 43:35 Great Glossary of Football CommentaryBBC Sounds / 5 Live Premier League commentaries: Sat 18 Oct 1500 Man City v Everton, Sat 18 Oct 1500 Crystal Palace v Bournemouth on Sports Extra, Sat 18 Oct 1730 Fulham v Arsenal, Sun 19 Oct 1400 Tottenham v Aston Villa, Sun 19 Oct 1630 Liverpool v Man Utd.Glossary so far:DIVISION ONE Bosman, Cruyff Turn, Giving the goalkeeper the eyes, Hibs it, Onion bag, Panenka, Rabona, Where the kookaburra sleeps, Where the owl sleeps, Where the spiders sleep.DIVISION TWO Ball stays hit, Coat is on a shoogly peg, Daisycutter, Has that in his locker, Howler, One for the cameras, Played us off the park, Purple patch, Root and branch review, Row Z, Stramash, Taking one for the team, That's great… (football), Thunderous strike.UNSORTED 2-0 is a dangerous score, After you Claude, All-Premier League affair, Aplomb, Bag/box of tricks, Brace, Brandished, Bread and butter, Breaking the deadlock, Bundled over the line, Champions elect / champions apparent, Clinical finish, Commentator's curse, Coupon buster, Cultured/Educated left foot, Denied by the woodwork, Draught excluder, Elimination line, Fellow countryman, Foot race, Formerly of this parish, Fox in the box, Free hit, Goalkeepers' Union, Goalmouth scramble, Good touch for a big man, Honeymoon Period, In and around, In the shop window, Keeping ball under their spell, Keystone Cops defending, Languishing, Loitering with intent, Marching orders, Nestle in the bottom corner, Numbered derbies, Nutmeg, Opposite number, Park the bus, PK for penalty-kick, Postage stamp, Put it in the mixer, Put their laces through it, Rasping shot, Red wine not white wine, Relegation six-pointer, Rooted at the bottom, Route One, Roy of the Rovers stuff, Sending the goalkeeper the wrong way, Shooting boots, Sleeping giants, Slide rule pass, Small matter of, Spiders web, Stayed hit, Steepling, Stinging the palms, Stonewall penalty, Straight off the training ground, Taking one for the team, Team that likes to play football, Throw their cap on it, Thruppenny bit head / 50p head, Towering header, Two good feet, Turning into a basketball match, Turning into a cricket score, Usher/Shepherd the ball out of play, Walking a disciplinary tightrope, Wand of a left foot, We've got a cup tie on our hands, Winger in their pocket, Wrap foot around it, Your De Bruynes, your Gundogans etc.

〖訪談時間：7/21 台灣時間 pm15:00〗 久違的大使系列，這次我們訪問到台灣駐拉脫維亞的李憲章大使。拉脫維亞，北約接壤俄羅斯的最前線。李大使在2022年3月派任拉脫維亞，兼轄愛沙尼亞業務。他在這兩個國家感受到什麼？另外波海三國是最早退出中國「17+1」的國家，他們看到了什麼，他們如何看待和台灣的友誼？ 歡迎大家追蹤以下社群平台，更認識拉脫維亞 【駐拉脫維亞代表處（Taipei Mission in the Republic of Latvia）】 官方網站：https://www.roc-taiwan.org/lv/index.html 臉書：https://www.facebook.com/TaipeiMissionintheRepublicofLatvia/ X/Twitter：https://x.com/Taiwan_Latvia -- Hosting provided by SoundOn

PLUS - Why Salary Caps Won't Work In Football A look back at the week of sport, and a look ahead of this weekend's action, with Andy & Gary - THE SPORTCAST (Ep 190) 00:00 - Intro 01:00 - England v Latvia 04:00 - Salary Cap 11:00 - Premier League Abroad 16:00 - Making Internationals Better 19:00 - Sporting Falls From Grace 41:30 - Jordan Pickford  50:00 - Liverpool v Man United 58:30 - Man City v Everton Join us on Patreon for our Betting Show, Bonus Episodes and all of the other Patreon Perks... https://www.patreon.com/legitpodcast   Shout out to our sponsors...  The Feathers - Bootle | https://www.instagram.com/the.feathersbootle/ Hill Dickinson | https://www.hilldickinson.com/ #Liverpool #LFC #Everton #EFC #Sport #Podcast #PremierLeague #Podcast #SportsNews

Ep 387: 2 wins, qualification for next year's World Cup, everything's rosy, isn't it? Mainly yes, but there's a couple of things that niggle. I'm joined by CJ Joiner to take a look back over the victories against Wales and Latvia.  Running time 50:42 Join the debate in our Facebook group at http://bit.ly/2hnHBzi http://www.threelionspodcast.com http://www.Twitter.com/3LionsPodcast http://www.Twitter.com/Russell_Osborne

Here's a free clip of today's episode, where Musa and Ryan chat all about England becoming the first European team to qualify for the 2026 World Cup, after their 5-0 away win in Latvia (02:09). Head over to Patreon for more on the game, the campaign, Harry Kane, Thomas Tuchel's job so far, as well as the Jude Bellingham situation and why they think he will still be one of England's most important players at next summer's tournament. They also shout out the other teams to qualify, another Pedri masterclass and much, much more.Don't forget, we're live at the Southbank Centre in London on December 4th, go get your tickets here!For more podcasts each week, ad-free and in full, plus access to the Stadio Social Club and much more, become a Stadio member by going to patreon.com/stadio. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

England are on their way to next summer's World Cup in Canada, Mexico and the USA after a 5-0 win against Latvia secured their qualification with two matches to spare. Kelly Cates is joined by John Murray, Ian Dennis and former England defenders Conor Coady and Matt Upson to assess England's performance in Riga, and how the team is developing under Thomas Tuchel.The England boss explains how their game plan might change next summer in North America and how it feels to have sealed qualification. There's also reaction from Anthony Gordon and Harry Kane.Plus, we discuss the importance of the England captain and whether Jude Bellingham could miss out even if he's fit next summer? Timecodes: 00:22 – Reaction to performance against Latvia 11:05 – Harry Kane Interview 15:47 – Anthony Gordon Interview 17:43 – Thomas Tuchel Interview 23:14 – Tuchel's selections - No I in this England Team? 28:50 – How might Tuchel's squad evolve between now and the World Cup? 33:00 – Tuchel committed to continuity? 34:34 – How Important is Harry Kane for England? 37:02 – Do England need to change style of play for next summer? Commentaries on 5 live and BBC Sounds this week:Wednesday 15th October WOMEN'S CHAMPIONS LEAGUE: Chelsea v Paris FC 2000 KO - 5 LIVESaturday 18th October PREMIER LEAGUE: Manchester City v Everton 1500 KO - 5 LIVE PREMIER LEAGUE: Crystal Palace v Bournemouth 1500 KO - SPORTS EXTRA PREMIER LEAGUE: Fulham v Arsenal 1730 KO - 5 LIVESunday 19th October PREMIER LEAGUE: Spurs v Aston Villa 1400 KO - 5 LIVE PREMIER LEAGUE: Liverpool v Manchester United 1630 KO - 5 LIVE

EXCLUSIVE NordVPN Deal ➼ https://nordvpn.com/efc Try it risk-free now with a 30-day money-back guarantee Everton fired a brutal reply to Lee Dixon after he questioned why Jordan Pickford had not quit the club. The ITV pundit was on duty on Tuesday night as England cruised past Latvia to book their spot at next summer's World Cup. Everton stopper Pickford was selected between the sticks by boss Thomas Tuchel, keeping his ninth consecutive clean sheet for his country on his 80th appearance. And while ex-Arsenal star Dixon was full of praise, he questioned why Pickford had not chosen to move to a ‘bigger club'. Join Ian Croll and Tony Scott for the latest Royal Blue podcast as they discuss all things Everton.  Chris Beesley's Book: Spirit of the Blues: https://tinyurl.com/35yrkvdb *Emotional farewell to Goodison Park | 16-page Everton souvenir picture special:*  https://shop.regionalnewspapers.co.uk/liverpool-echo-monday-19th-may-2025-4583-p.asp *Goodbye to Goodison special souvenir edition:*  https://tinyurl.com/GoodbyeGoodisonSouvenir *Gavin Buckland's Book 'The End' | Order your copy here:* https://tinyurl.com/GavinBucklandTheEnd Everton FC podcasts from the Liverpool ECHO's Royal Blue YouTube channel. Get exclusive Everton FC content - including podcasts, live shows and videos - everyday.  Subscribe to the Royal Blue Everton FC YouTube Channel and watch daily live shows HERE: https://bit.ly/3aNfYav Listen and subscribe to the Royal Blue Podcast for all your latest Everton FC content via Apple and Spotify: APPLE: https://bit.ly/3HbiY1E SPOTIFY: https://bit.ly/47xwdnY Visit the Liverpool ECHO website: https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/all-about/everton-fc Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/LivEchoEFC Follow us on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@royal.blue.everto Follow us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/LiverpoolEchoEFC Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Hey before I begin the podcast, I just want to thank all of you who joined the patreon, you guys are simply awesome. Please take the time to vote and comment on the patreon polls so I can best tackle the specific subjects you want to hear more about and hell it does not have to be about the Pacific War, I like ancient Rome, WW1, WW2, just toss some ideas and I will try to make it happen.   This Podcast is going to be a very remarkable story about a Korean man who fought for the IJA, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany during the second world war.  He is also a man whom most than likely never existed.   Did that catch you off guard haha?   If you have a chance you can pull up wikipedia and search Yang Kyoungjong. The first thing you will notice is a disclaimer that states numerous historians who claim Yang Kyoungjong does not exist. Yet this man exists in some history books, there is a iconic photo of him, there is a documentary looking into him, countless Korean stories are writing loosely about him, there is a pretty decent war film and multiple youtubers have covered his so-called story. So how does this guy not exist if his story is so popular?   His story is claimed to be real by military historian Stephen Ambrose who wrote about him in his book in 1994 titled “D-day, june 6th, 1944: the Climactic battle of World War II. There is also references to him in Antony Beevor's book “the second world war” and that of defense consultant and author Steven Zaloga's book“the devil's garden: Rommel's desperate Defense of Omaha Beach on D-Day”. In 2005 a Korean SBS documentary investigated his existence and concluded there was no convincing evidence of his existence. For those of you who have ever heard of this man, I guarantee it's because of the 2011 south korean film “My Way”. That's where I found out about it by the way. Many of you probably saw the iconic photo of him, again if you pull up the wikipedia page on Yang Kyoungjong its front and center. The photo shows a asiatic man wearing a wehrmacht uniform and he has just been captured by american forces on the d-day landings.   Now I don't want to jump into the is he real or not busy just yet. So this is how the podcast will go down, very reminiscent of “Our fake History's Podcast” might I add, I am a huge fan of that guys work. I am going to tell you the story of Yang Kyoungjong, then afterwords disclose my little investigation into whether he is real or not.   So without further adieu this is the story of a man who fought for three nations during WW2.   The Story   It was June 1944, the allies had just unleashed Operation Overlord, the D-Day landings at Normandy. Lt Robert Brewer of the 506th parachute infantry regiment, 101st airborne division was overlooking the capture of Axis forces and reported to his regiment finding four Asians in Wehrmacht uniform around the Utah beach landings. Brewer nor any of his colleagues spoke the language the Asian men spoke, they assumed them to be Japanese.  The four asians were processed as POW's, listed as young Japanese and sent to a British POW camp, before he would be sent to another POW camp in the US. At some point between his capture and the POW camps, he gave his name as Yang Kyoungjong, stated he was Korean and gave an extremely incredible story. To who did he say these things, no one knows.   Yang Kyoungjong was born in 1920, in Shin Eu Joo, part of modern day North Korea. At the age of 18, Yang was forcibly conscripted into the Imperial Japanese army. Korea was one of the bread baskets of Asia and the Empire of Japan had annexed her in 1910. Japan held sovereignty over Korea, making Koreans subjects.    In 1939 the Empire of Japan faced major labor shortages and as a result began conscription of Japanese men for the military, while importing vast amounts of Korean laborers to work in mainland Japan. For the Imperial Japanese Army, Koreans were not drafted until 1944 when things were dire for Japan. Until 1944, the IJA allowed Koreans to volunteer in the army. In 1938 there was a 14% acceptance rate, by 1943 this dropped dramatically to 2%, but the number of applicants increased exponentially from 3000 per annum in 1939 to 300,000 by the end of the war. On paper it looked like Koreans were registering en masse on their on violation, but this is quite the contrary, the Japanese policy was to use force. Japanese officials began press gang efforts against Korean peasants, forcing them to sign applications, it is believed over half of the applications were done in such a manner. Other applicants registered for a variety of reasons, typically because of economic turmoil. Korea would produce 7 generals and many field grade officers. One of the most well known was Lt General Crown Prince Yi Un who would command Japanese forces in the China War.   Thus Yang Kyoungjong was forced into the IJA and would find himself stationed with the Kwantung Army. Quite unfortunately for him, he was enlisted into their service at a time where two major border skirmishes occurred with the Soviet Union. The USSR was seen as Japan's number one rival going all the way back to the Triple Intervention of 1895 when the Russians thwarted Japan's seizure of the Liaodong peninsula after they had won the first sino japanese war. This led to the Russo-Japanese war, where Japan shocked the world being victorious over the Russian Empire. When the Russian Empire fell and the Russian civil war kicked off, Japan sent the lionshare of men to fight the Red Army during the Siberian Intervention of 1918-1922.    Communism was seen as the greatest if not one of the greatest threats to the Kokutai and thus Japan as a whole. As such Japan placed the Kwantung Army along the Manchurian borderlands to thwart any possible soviet invasion. There had numerous border skirmishes, but in 1938 and 1939 two large battles occurred. In 1938 the Kwantung army intercepted a Soviet message indicating the Far East forces would be securing some unoccupied heights west of Lake Khasan that overlooked the Korean port city of Rajin. Soviet border troops did indeed move into the area and began fortifying it. The Kwantung army sent forces to dislodge them and this soon led to a full on battle. The battle was quite shocking for both sides, the Soviets lost nearly 800 men dead with 3279 wounded, the Japanese claimed they had 526 dead with 913 wounded. The Soviet lost significant armor and despite both sides agreeing to a ceasefire, the Kwantung army considered it a significant victory and proof the Soviets were not capable of thwarting them.   In theory Yang Kyoungjong would be in training and would eventually reach the Manchuria borders by 1939. Another man sent over would be Georgy Zhukov who was given the task of taking command of the 57th special corps and to eliminate Japanese provocations. What was expected of Zhukov was if the Japanese pressed again for battle, to deliver them a crushing and decisive blow. On May 11th, 1939 some Mongolian cavalry units were grazing their horses in a disputed area. On that very same day, Manchu cavalry attacked the Mongols to drive them past the river of Khalkhin Gol. Two days later the Mongols returned in greater numbers and this time the Manchu were unable to dislodge them.    What was rather funny to say, a conflict of some horses grazing on disputed land, led to a fully mechanized battle. On May 14th, Lt Colonel Yaozo Azuma led some regiments to dislodge the Mongols, but they were being supported by the Red Army. Azuma force suffered 63% casualties, devastating. June saw the battle expand enormously, Japan was tossing 30,000 men in the region, the Soviets tossed Zhukov at them alongside motorized and armored forces. The IJA lacking good armored units, tossed air forces to smash the nearby Soviet airbase at Tamsakbulak. In July the IJA engaged the Red Army with nearly 100 tanks and tankettes, too which Zhukov unleashed 450 tanks and armored cars. The Japanese had more infantry support, but the Soviet armor encircled and crushed them. The two armies spared with another for weeks, the Japanese assumed the Soviets would suffer logistical problems but Zhukoev assembled a fleet of 2600 trucks to supply his forces, simply incredible. Both sides were suffering tremendous casualties, then in August global politics shifted. It was apparent a war in Europe was going to break out, Zhukov was ordered to be decisive, the Soviets could not deal with a two front war. So Zhukov now using a fleet of 4000 trucks began transported supplies from Chita to the front next to a armada of tanks and mechanized brigades. The Soviets tossed 3 rifle divisions, two tank divisions and 2 tank brigades, nearly 500 tanks in all, with two motorized infantry divisions and 550 fighters and bombers.    The stalemate was shattered when Zhukov unleashed is armada, some 50,000 Soviets and Mongols hit the east bank of Khalkhin Gol. The Japanese were immediately pinned down, while the Soviets were employing a double envelopment. The Japanese tried to counter attack and it failed horribly. The Japanese then scrambled to break out of the encirclement and failed. The surrounded Japanese forces refused to surrender as the Soviets smashed them with artillery and aerial bombardment. By the end of August the Japanese forces on the Mongolian side of the border were annihilated. On September 15th the USSR and Japan signed a ceasefire.    The battle of Khalkhin Gol was devastating for both sides. The Japanese claim they had 8440 deaths, 8766 wounded, lost 162 aircraft and 42 tanks. Its estimated 500-600 Japanese forces were taken prisoner. Because of IJA doctrine these men were considered killed in action. Some sources will claim the real numbers for Japanese casualties could have been as high as 30,000. The Soviets claim 9703 deaths, 15,251 wounded, the destruction of 253 tanks, 250 aircraft, 96 artillery pieces and 133 armored cars. Of those tank losses, its estimated 75-80% were destroyed by anti-tank guns, 15-20% field artillery, 5-10% infantry thrown incendiary bombs, 3% mines and another 3% for aircraft bombing.   Back to Yang Kyoungjong, he alongside the other Japanese, Manchu and Korean POW's were sent to Gulags in Siberia. As the war on the Eastern Front kicked off between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, facing annihilation the Soviets did anything possible to survive. One of these actions was to create the Shtrafbats, “Penal battalions”. Stalins order No 227 created the first penal battalions, who were supposed to be around 800 men strong. The first Shtrafbat battalion was deployed to the Stalingrad Front on August 22nd of 1942.   On order was issued on November 26, 1942 “status of Penal units of the army”, it was issued by Georgy Zhukov, now deputy commander in chief who was the man who formally standardized soviet penal units. The Shtrafbats were around 360 men per battalion commanded by mid range Red Army officers and politruks. The men forced into these were permanents or temporaries. Permanents were officers, commanders, the higher ranks guys. Temporary known as shtrafniki “punishees” were the grunts, typically prisoners and those convicted of crimes. From september 1942 to May of 1945 422,700 men would be forced into penal battalions.    Typically those forced into penal military units were one of two things: 1) those convicted of dissertation or cowardice, 2) Soviet Gulag labor camp inmates. It seems Yang Kyoungjong found himself in a very awkward situation as he would be forced into one of these penal battalions and sent to fight on the eastern front. As pertaining to Order No. 227, each Army was to have 3–5 barrier squads of up to 200 persons each, these units would be made up of penal units.    So back toYang Kyoungjong, he would find himself deployed at the third battle of Kharkov. This battle was part of a series of battles fought on the eastern front. As the German 6th army was encircling Stalingrad, the Soviets launched a series of wide counter attacks, as pertaining to “operation star”. Operation star saw massive offensives against Kharkov, Belgorod, Kursk, Voroshilovgrad and Izium. The Soviets earned great victories, but they also overextended themselves. Field Marshal Erich von Manstein seeing the opening, performed a counter-strike against Kharkov on February 19th of 1943, using fresh troops of the 2nd SS Panzer Corps alongside two other panzer armies. Manstein also had massive air support from field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofens Luftflotte 4, 1214 aircraft tossed 1000 sorties per day from February 20th to march 15th. The Red army had approximately 210,000 troops who fought in the Voronezh-Kharkov offensive, the Germans would have roughly 160,000 men, but their tanks outnumbered the Soviets 7-1, they had roughly 350 of them.   The Germans quickly outflanked the Soviets, managing to encircle and annihilate many units. Whenever soviets units made attempts to escape encirclements, the German air forces placed pressure upon them. The German air forces had the dual job of airlifting supplies to the front lines giving the Soviets no breathing space. Gradually the fight focused around the city of Kharkov seeing the Soviets dislodged. The Germans caused severe casualties, perhaps 45,000 dead or missing with another 41,000 wounded. The Germans suffered 4500 deaths, 7000 wounded. The Germans took a large number of prisoners, and Yang Kyoungjong was one of them.   Yet again a prisoner Yang Kyoungjong was coerced into serving another nation, this time for Die Ost-Bataillone. The Eastern Front had absolutely crippled Germany and as a result Germany began to enlist units from just about any nation possible and this included former Soviet citizens. There were countless different units, like the Russian liberation Army, die Hilfswillige, Ukrainian collaborationists, and there were also non-Russians from the USSR who formed the Ost-Bataillone. These eastern battalions would comprise a rough total of 175,000 men. Many of the Ost-Bataillone were conscripted or coerced into serving, though plenty also volunteered. Countless were recruited from POW camps, choosing to serve instead of labor in camps. The Osttruppen were to typically deployed for coastal defense, rear area activities, security stuff, all the less important roles to free up the German units to perform front line service.   There were two different groups, the Ost-Legionen “eastern legions” and Ost-Bataillone “eastern battalions”. The Ostlegionen were large foreign legion type units raised amongst members of specific ethnic or racial groups. The Ost-Bataillone were composed of numerous nationalities, usually plucked from POW camps in eastern europe. They were tossed together into battalion sized units and integrated individually into German combat formations. Obviously the Germans did not get their hands on large numbers of Koreans, so Yang Kyoungjong found himself in a Ost-Bataillone.    In 1944, due to massive losses in the Eastern Front, and in preparation for the allies about to open a second front, the Germans began deploying a lot of Ost-Bataillone along the coastal defense line at Cherbourg. Yang Kyoungjong was enlisted in the 709th static infantry division, a coastal defense unit assigned to defend the eastern and northern coasts of the Cotentin Peninsula. This would include the Utah beach landing site and numerous US airborne landing zones. The sector was roughly 250 km running northeast of Carentan, via Barfleur-Cherbourg-Cap de la Hague to the western point of Barneville. This also included the 65 km of land just in font of Cherbourg harbor. A significant portion of the 709th were Ost-bataillon, countless were from eastern europe, many were former Soviet POW'S. There were also two battalions of the 739th Grenadier regiment whom were Georgian battalions. A significant amount of the 709th had no combat experience, but had trained extensively in the area.   The 709th would be heavily engaged on D-day meeting US airborne units and the 4th infantry division who landed at Utah beach. In the early hours of June 6th, the US 82nd and 101st airborne divisions landed at the base of the Cotentin peninsula and managed to secure a general area for the US 4th infantry division to land at Utah beach, with very few casualties compared to other beach landings. After the landings the forces tried to link up with other forces further east. By June 9th they had crossed the Douve river valley and captured Carentan. House to house fighting was seen in the battle for Carentan, the Germans tossed a few counterattacks, but the Americans held on with the help of armor units of the 13th.    The Americans then advanced to cut off the Cotentin Peninsula, now supported by 3 other infantry divisions. The Germans had few armored or mobilized infantry in the area. By June 16th the German command was tossed into chaos as Erwin Rommel wanted them to pull out and man the Atlantic Wall at Cherbourg, but Hitler demanded they hold their present lines of defense. By the 17th Hitler agreed to the withdrawal, under some provisions the men still took up limited defenses spanning the entire peninsula. On the 18th the US 9th infantry division reached the west coast of the peninsula thus isolating the Cherbourg garrison. A battle was unleashed for 24 hours with the 4th, 9th and 79th US infantry divisions driving north on a broad front. They faced little opposition on the western side and the eastern, the center held much stronger resistance. The Americans would find several caches of V-1 flying bombs and V-2 rocket installations at Brix. After two days the Americans were in striking distance of Cherbourg. The garrison commander Lt General Karl-Wilhelm von Schlieben had 21,000 men, but many were naval personnel and labor units. Schliebens 709th had performed a fighting withdrawal to Cherbourg and were completely exhausted. The trapped forces were low in provisions, fuel and ammunition. The luftwaffe tried dropping supplies on their positions but it was inadequate.    A general assault began on the 22nd and the German forces put up stiff resistance within their concrete pillboxes. Allied warships bombarded the city on the 25th of june and on the 26th a British elite force, No. 30 Commando launched an assault against Octeville, a suburb of southwestern Cherbourg. The commandos quickly captured 20 officers and 500 men of the Kriegmarine naval intelligence HQ at Villa Meurice. As the Germans were ground down, Schlieben was captured and with that a surrender was made on the 29th.   The Americans suffered nearly 3000 deaths with 13,500 wounded during the operation. The Germans suffered 8000 deaths with 30,000 captured. For the 709th who took a lionshare of the fighting they reported sustaining 4000 casualties.    Amongst the captured was Yang Kyoungjong. As I said in the beginning Lt Robert Brewer of the 506th parachute infantry regiment, 101st airborne division was overlooking the capture of Axis forces and reported to his regiment finding four Asians in Wehrmacht uniform around the Utah beach landings. Brewer nor any of his colleagues spoke the language the Asian men spoke, they assumed them to be Japanese.  The four asians were processed as POW's, listed as young Japanese and sent to a British POW camp, before he would be sent to another POW camp in the US. At some point between his capture and the POW camps, he gave his name as Yang Kyoungjong, stated he was Korean and gave the story. Apparently Yang Kyoungjob was granted US citizenship and would spend the rest of his life in Illinois until his death in 1992.   So that is the story of Yang Kyoungjong.    The truth Did Yang Kyoungjong exist? Where does his story originate? For those of you who have not guessed it yet, the story I told you was full of details, I simply added based on historical events, with zero evidence at all any man named Yang Kyoungjong was involved in them. I did this specifically to highlight, thats exactly what others have done over the course of many years, creating a sort of mythos. If you know the game broken telephone, thats what I would theorize makes up most of this mans story. But lets go through some actual evidence why don't we?   From the digging I have done, the story seemed to originate with historian Stephen Ambrose book in 1994 titled “D-day, june 6th, 1944: the Climactic battle of World War II”. While writing this book, Ambrose interviewed Robert Burnham Brewer, who served E Company, 2nd battalion, 506th parachute infantry regiment of the 101st airborne division. This same man was portrayed in Band of Brothers by the way. Brewer gave one rather ambiguous account where he spoke about capturing 4 asian men in Wehrmacht uniforms.    Here is patient zero as told to us by Ambrose's book (Page 34, no footnote on the page)   The so-called Ost battalions became increasingly unreliable after the German defeat at Kursk; they were, therefore, sent to france in exchange for German troops. At the beach called Utah on the day on the invasion, Lt Robert Brewer of the 506th Parachute infantry regiment, 101st airborne division, US Army, captured four asians in Wehrmacht uniforms. No one could speak their language; eventually it was learned that they were Koreans. How on earth did Koreans end up fighting for Hitler to defend france against Americans? It seems they had been conscripted into the Japanese army in 1938-Korea was then a Japanese colony-captured by the Red Army in the border battles with Japan in 1939, forced into the Red Army, captured by the Wehrmacht in December 1941 outside Moscow, forced into the German army, and sent to France”. What happened to them, Lt Brewer never found out, but presumably they were sent back to Korea. If so, they would almost certainly have been conscripted again, either into the south or north korean army. It is possible than in 1950 they ended up fighting once again, either against the US army or with it, depending on what part of Korea they came from. Such are the vagaries of politics in the 20th century. By June 1944, one in six German rifleman in France was from an Ost battalion.   Now digging further since there are no footnotes, it seems Ambrose took an oral account from Lt Brewer, but did not directly quote him and instead abstractly expanded upon his story. Ambrose was guilty of doing this often. As multiple historians have pointed out, Brewer was living in the 1940s and was by no means an ethnographer, he was not a person who could have accurately known the nationality of the four asian men he captured. It is plausible he or other US units around him, just came up with Korean for the four asians who could have been from nearly anywhere in central to east asia. For all we know the men found could have been from Turkestan. What was “asian” to westerners of the 1940's is extremely broad.    If you look up the Ost-Bataillone or Ostlegionen you will see they consisted of captured former soviet soldiers. During the d-day landings, 1/6th of the German forces defending the atlantic coast were made up of the Ost-battailones. They came from numerous places, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, India, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkestan, Mongolia and numerous parts of the USSR. Needless to say, there were a ton of people whom would be considered asian and could be mistaken to be from Korea, Japan, Burma, etc.    It seems Brewer's vague account was transformed by Amrose, but this only covers one part of all of this, the story, what about the photo?    The iconic photograph is another matter entirely. The photograph has nothing to do with Brewer's account, it is simply a random photograph taken at Utah beach of a captured asian soldier wearing a Wehrmacht uniform. The official description of the photo states “Capture Jap in Nazi uniform. France, fearful of his future, this young Jap wearing a nazi uniform, is checked off in a roundup of German prisoners on the beaches of france. An american army captain takes the Jap's name and serial number” Author Martin Morgan believes the man in the photograph is not Yang Kyoungjong, but instead an ethnic Georgian from the 795th Georgian Battalion, which was composed of Georgian Osttruppen troops or someone who was Turkistani. In 2002 word of the story became more popularized online and in 2004 the iconic photo also began to circulate heavily on the internet. The Korean media became aware of the story in 2002 and when they saw the picture the Korean news site DKBNews investigated the matter. Apparently a reader of the DKBNews submitted biographical details about the soldier in the photo, including his name, date of birth, the general story we now know, his release, life in Illinois and death. The DKBNews journalist requested sources and none were provided, typical.   So some random unknown reader of the DKBNews gave a name, place and time of birth and even where he ended up and died.  In 2005 the Seoul broadcasting system aired a documentary specifically investigating the existence of the asian soldiers who fought for Germany on d-day.   In the SBS special “The Korean in Normandy,” produced and broadcast in 2005 based on rumors of Yang kyoungjog,  they searched for records of Korean prisoners of war during the Battle of khalkhin gol and records of Korean people who participated in the German-Japanese War, and records related to the German Army's eastern unit, but could not find traces of such a person. In addition, the soldiers who served in the Soviet army, who were captured, and then transferred to the German army's eastern units were considered by the Soviet Union to be serious traitors. Accordingly, under a secret agreement between the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union, they were forcibly repatriated to the Soviet Union after the war and held in Gulags.. The SBS production team stated that the rumors that a 'Korean from Normandy' had gone to the United States and that he died in seclusion near Northwestern University under the name of 'Yang Kyoungjong', which they were unaware of, were false. The investigative team looked for any traces of a Yang Kyoungjong and found none, so they concluded although there were accounts of asian soldiers in the German army during WW2, there was zero evidence of the existence of Yang Kyoungjong or any Koreans fighting on D-day for that matter.    The 2005 SBS Special documentary sprang forth a bunch of stories by Korean authors, expanding the mythos of Yang Kyoungjong.   In 2007 author Jo Jeong-rae published a novel titled “human mask” which told the story of SHin Gilman, The story ends with Shin Gil-man, who was conscripted into the Japanese army at the age of 20, as a prisoner of war in Normandy, then transported back to the Soviet Union and eventually executed by firing squad. Another novel called “D-day” by author Kim Byeong-in was release in 2011, just prior to the film My War, the plot is extremely similar to the movie. The main characters are Han Dae-sik and Yoichi, who met as children as the sons of a Japanese landowner and the house's housekeeper, harboring animosity toward each other, and grew up to become marathon runners representing Joseon and Japan. As they experience the war together, they feel a strange sense of kinship and develop reconciliation and friendship.   And of course the most famous story would find its way to the big screen. In 2011 the film My Way came out, back then the most expensive south korean film ever made at around 23$ million.   Then in 2012 a unknown person created a wikipedia page piecing together the Ambrose story, the photo and the unknown DBK readers information. With all of this information becoming more viral suddenly in 2013, two history books hit the scene and would you know it, both have “Yang Kyoungjong” in them.    These are Antony Beevor's book “the second world war” and that of defense consultant and author Steven Zaloga in his book “the devil's garden: Rommel's desperate Defense of Omaha Beach on D-Day”. Both authors took the story, name and iconic photo and expanded on the mythos by adding further details as to how the Korean man would have gone from Korea to Cherbourg france.   So Ambrose's story spreads across the internet alongside this photo. Both spark interest in Korea and an investigation receives some random guys testimony, which quite honestly was groundless. Despite the korean documentary stating there was no evidence of a Yang Kyoungjong, it sparks further interest, more stories and a famous film in 2011. 2012 sees a wikipage, it becomes more viral and now seeps into other historians work.   And I would be remiss not to mention the bizarre controversy that broke out in my nation of Canada. A nation so full of controversies today, dear god. Debbie Hanlon a city councilor in St John Newfoundland was absolutely wrecked online in 2018 for an advertisement promoting her real estate business stating “Korean Yang kyoungjong fought with Japan against the USSR. He then fought with the USSR against Germany. Then with Germany against the US! Want an agent who fights for you, call me!” Really weird ad by the way. So it seems her ad was to point out how far she was willing to go for her real estate clients. It was considered extremely offensive, and not the first time she pulled this off, her husband Oral Mews had recently come under fire for another ad he made using a photo of the Puerto Rican cab driver Victor Perez Cardona, where the vehicle turned into a casket. That ad said “He can't give you a lift because he's dead. He's propped up in his cab at his wake! Need a lift to great service, call me!” Hanlon was surprised at the amount of backlash she received since the ads had been running for over 4 years online. She claimed to be the victim of cyberbullying and trolls. So yeah, that happened.    Did Yang Kyoungjong exist, more than likely not, was it possible some Koreans found themselves in a position his story pertains to, you know what it's quite possible. During War a lot of weird things happen. I hope you liked this episode, please let me know in the comments on the Patreon what you think, how I can improve things and of course what you want to hear about next!

As I'm moving, I thought it would be nice to give you a bit of a historical breather episode, explaining the peculiarities of the proud Latvian region of Latgale. Which, in all seriousness, has more in common with Texas than you probably think.Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/theeasternborder. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Delyth Lloyd is joined by former Wales midfielder Dave Edwards, Wales defender Tom Lockyer, and 5 Live commentator Alistair Bruce-Ball to reflect on Wales' 4-2 loss to Belgium in Cardiff. We also get reaction from the Northern Ireland camp as they lose at home to Germany. BBC Sport's Emma Sanders joins the pod to discuss Chelsea captain Millie Bright and her retirement from international football. Football correspondent John Murray gives us the latest from the England camp ahead of their match against Latvia on Tuesday, before we hear from Thomas Tuchel and Jordan Pickford. And finally, we get the latest as Cape Verde qualify for the World Cup!Timecodes: 00:38 Reaction to Wales 4-2 Belgium 10:22 Ethan Ampadu interview 13:09 Craig Bellamy interview 14:43 Northern Ireland lose to Germany 16:50 Captain Trai Hume interview 18:26 Michael O'Neill interview 21:05 Emma Sanders on Millie Bright's retirement 23:40 Thomas Tuchel interview 26:51 Correspondent John Murray joins the pod 30:00 Jordan Pickford interview 34:34 Cape Verde qualify for the World Cup5 Live / BBC Sounds commentaries: Tue 14 Oct 1945 Latvia v England in WCQ, Wed 15 Oct 2000 Chelsea v Paris in UWCL, Sat 18 Oct 1500 Man City v Everton in PL, Sat 18 Oct 1500 Crystal Palace v Bournemouth in PL (Sports Extra), Sat 18 Oct 1730 Fulham v Arsenal in PL, Sun 19 Oct 1400 Spurs v Aston Villa in PL, Sun 19 Oct 1630 Liverpool v Manchester United in PL.

Pien Meulensteen is joined by former England defender Phil Jagielka and The Sunday Times chief football writer, Jonathan Northcroft, as Scotland take one step closer to the World Cup having beaten Belarus 2-1. On a night where Steve Clarke broke the record for managing Scotland in more games than anyone else, he says he's "possibly as disappointed as I have been over the whole 72" games.With six points in October, Scotland have got their job done in terms of World Cup qualifying- but why were supporters booing their team off at Hampden? The panel look ahead to England's World Cup qualifier against Latvia. Has Thomas Tuchel got squad selection right? How similar will the England squad look next summer?In domestic football news, what does Steven Gerrard turning down the Rangers job say about the club's current position?Time codes: 0'35 Scotland chat 9'28 Why was Ben Gannon-Doak so impressive?  16'26 Hear from Steve Clarke  18'09 England chat 29'00 Who makes Phil and Jonathan's England World Cup starting XI, at this moment?  31'50 Why would Gerrard not be drawn to the Rangers job?

The legendary composer, arranger, musician and penny whistle player, David Amram, will be in conversation with Academy Award documentary filmmaker Barbara Kopple at the Woodstock Film Festival on Sunday, 10/19 12 noon. The venue is the Kleinert/James Art Center, 34 Tinker St, Woodstock. David Amram started his professional life in music as a French Hornist in the National Symphony Orchestra (Washington, D.C.) in 1951. After serving in the US Army from 1952-54, he moved to New York City in 1955 and played French horn in the legendary jazz bands of Charles Mingus, Dizzy Gillespie, Lionel Hampton and Oscar Pettiford. In 1957, he created and performed in the first ever Jazz/Poetry readings in New York City with novelist Jack Kerouac, a close friend with whom Amram collaborated artistically for over 12 years. Since the early 1950s, he has traveled the world extensively, working as a musician and a conductor in over thirty-five countries including Cuba, Kenya, Egypt, Pakistan, Israel, Latvia and China. He also regularly crisscrosses the United States and Canada.He composed the scores for many films including Pull My Daisy (1959), Splendor In The Grass (1960) and The Manchurian Candidate (1962). He composed the scores for Joseph Papp's Shakespeare In The Park from 1956-1967 and premiered his comic opera 12th Night with Papp's libretto in 1968. He also wrote a second opera, The Final Ingredient, An Opera of the Holocaust, for ABC Television in 1965. From 1964-66, Amram was the Composer and Music Director for the Lincoln Center Theatre and wrote the scores for Arthur Miller´s plays After The Fall (1964) and Incident at Vichy (1966). Appointed by Leonard Bernstein as the first Composer In Residence for the New York Philharmonic in 1966, he is now one of the most performed and influential composers of our time. For tickets & details: https://woodstockfilmfestival.org/2025-all-events?eventId=68c4216f81b8e06c5bb8c1fc

John Murray talks football, travel & language with home nations commentators. Liam McLeod represents Scotland after their dramatic win over Greece, Mark Poyser shows up for Wales after Craig Bellamy's side lost to England, and Joel Taggart is on the pod on behalf of Northern Ireland. It's Scotland vs Northern Ireland in Clash of the Commentators and suggestions welcome for our Great Glossary of Football Commentary - WhatsApp voicenotes to 08000 289 369 & emails to TCV@bbc.co.uk05:10 Favourite experiences commentating on your country 08:35 Perils of commentating off-tube 18:10 Craig Bellamy ‘puts on show' as Wales manager 23:10 Live commentaries & any countries they've not been to? 26:40 Best commentary positions in the home nations 31:25 Clash of the Commentators 36:40 Great Glossary of Football CommentaryBBC Sounds / 5 Live commentaries: Sun 12 Oct 1200 Chelsea v Tottenham in WSL, Sun 12 Oct 1430 Arsenal v Brighton & Hove in WSL, Sun 12 Oct 1700 Scotland v Belarus in WCQ, Mon 13 Oct 1945 Wales v Belgium in WCQ, Tue 14 Oct 1945 Latvia v England in WCQ, Wed 15 Oct 2000 Chelsea v Paris in UWCL.Glossary so far:DIVISION ONE Bosman, Cruyff Turn, Giving the goalkeeper the eyes, Hibs it, Onion bag, Panenka, Rabona, Where the kookaburra sleeps, Where the owl sleeps, Where the spiders sleep.DIVISION TWO Ball stays hit, Coat is on a shoogly peg, Daisycutter, Has that in his locker, Howler, One for the cameras, Played us off the park, Purple patch, Root and branch review, Row Z, Stramash, Taking one for the team, That's great… (football), Thunderous strike.UNSORTED 2-0 is a dangerous score, After you Claude, All-Premier League affair, Aplomb, Bag/box of tricks, Brace, Brandished, Bread and butter, Breaking the deadlock, Bundled over the line, Champions elect / champions apparent, Clinical finish, Commentator's curse, Coupon buster, Cultured/Educated left foot, Denied by the woodwork, Draught excluder, Elimination line, Fellow countryman, Foot race, Formerly of this parish, Fox in the box, Free hit, Goalkeepers' Union, Goalmouth scramble, Good touch for a big man, Honeymoon Period, In and around, In the shop window, Keeping ball under their spell, Keystone Cops defending, Languishing, Loitering with intent, Marching orders, Nestle in the bottom corner, Numbered derbies, Nutmeg, Opposite number, Park the bus, PK for penalty-kick, Postage stamp, Put it in the mixer, Put their laces through it, Rasping shot, Red wine not white wine, Relegation six-pointer, Rooted at the bottom, Route One, Roy of the Rovers stuff, Sending the goalkeeper the wrong way, Shooting boots, Sleeping giants, Slide rule pass, Small matter of, Spiders web, Stayed hit, Steepling, Stinging the palms, Stonewall penalty, Straight off the training ground, Taking one for the team, Team that likes to play football, Throw their cap on it, Thruppenny bit head / 50p head, Towering header, Two good feet, Turning into a basketball match, Turning into a cricket score, Usher/Shepherd the ball out of play, Walking a disciplinary tightrope, Wand of a left foot, We've got a cup tie on our hands, Winger in their pocket, Wrap foot around it, Your De Bruynes, your Gundogans etc.

Aaron Paul, Jobi McAnuff & Lyle Taylor jump on the managerial merry-go-round. Watford sack Paolo Pezzolano and reappoint Javi Gracia, Luton say bye to Matt Bloomfield and Blackpool bid farewell to Steve Bruce. Also, what about Birmingham chairman Tom Wagner going in the away end at Wrexham? And will Richard Wood find his way into our Ultimate All-Time EFL XI? Suggestions welcome on WhatsApp to 08000 289 369.01:45 Birmingham chairman goes in the away end 06:30 Naming teams on the day of a game 12:50 Watford sack Pezzolano & reappoint Gracia 20:25 Luton sack Matt Bloomfield 34:50 Blackpool sack Steve Bruce 36:20 Will Richard Wood make our All-Time EFL XI? 39:00 72PLUS 72MINUS5 Live / BBC Sounds commentaries: Thu 9 Oct 1945 England v Wales in friendly, Sun 12 Oct 1200 Chelsea v Tottenham in WSL, Sun 12 Oct 1430 Arsenal v Brighton & Hove in WSL, Sun 12 Oct 1700 Scotland v Belarus in WCQ, Mon 13 Oct 1945 Wales v Belgium in WCQ, Tue 14 Oct 1945 Latvia v England in WCQ, Wed 15 Oct 2000 Chelsea v Paris in UWCL.