Podcast appearances and mentions of George Santayana

"Every time this child was proven wrong, he learned something new." In this episode, Andrew Stotz continues his conversation with Balaji Reddie as they explore two essential elements of Dr. Deming's System of Profound Knowledge: the Theory of Knowledge and Psychology. Through the memorable story of a young boy trying to understand how his father's scooter starts, Balaji illustrates how we build theories, test them through experience, and improve them through learning. The discussion also explores why PDSA begins with theory, why experience alone is not enough, and why understanding how people learn is fundamental to leading improvement. Whether you're new to Deming or deep into his work, this episode offers practical insights into how better questions lead to better knowledge and, ultimately, better management.   Are you ready to learn more about the System of Profound Knowledge? Check out DemingNEXT online learning! https://deming.org/learn/demingnext/   TRANSCRIPT 0:00:02.2 Andrew Stotz: My name is Andrew Stotz, and I'll be your host as we dive deeper into the teachings of Dr. W. Edwards Deming. Today, I'm continuing my discussion with Balaji Reddie, an educator and trainer in the teachings of Dr. Deming, and quality management generally. The topic for today is: The theory of knowledge and psychology. Take it away.   0:00:29.8 Balaji Reddie: Well, thank you. Good morning, Andrew. And it's great to continue our series. So the last time we met, we had begun with the Profound Knowledge, where we said that Dr. Deming brought together four, seemingly disconnected, sciences. He never invented any single one of them, but he saw the connections, and he created, what you could say is, a bootstrap theory of management, if I may say so, a very all-encompassing view of things happening around you. That's why he had no other word to describe it except profound. Because you see things that you normally would not see. That's what we said the last time. And when he proposed that, all of a sudden, I told you the funny thing was that experts in each of those sciences jumped in. I think they realized that they were caught napping, that they did not see the connections, and they did not see a bare minimum set of competencies that you need to have in order to understand things in their entirety. It was very, very... It was amazing that he actually could put that all together.   0:01:44.3 Balaji Reddie: So we started off with the four sciences, in no order of preference. We said here... His words were appreciation for a system. That means, taking into consideration the fact that everything... Having a holistic view, that what we see is not an event but an eventuality, that there's a huge big system behind it. Whatever we get to see in front of our eyes, we're just getting to see the effect. So appreciating that, that's what he said, for a system, a systemic view. I just used a different word, I said connectedness. And I said that from now on, we say that there are no events, there are only eventualities. Which means when something happens in front of our eyes, we always question... We bring in the concept of time and space; that the origins of this, what I'm seeing in front of my eyes, lie somewhere else and maybe actually in a different time frame. So I need to study deeper in order to understand why I'm seeing this in front of my eyes. And you gave that fantastic example of coffee beans, where you said everything has to happen at the right time. So that was the first one.   0:02:54.1 Balaji Reddie: Second one, was about understanding variation. And I would say, that's statistical thinking. I think around 1998, I saw someone come out with the definition of statistical thinking. And they said that it's a holistic view of looking at a process, that everything in the world, happens in the form of a process, and all processes are subject to variation. And understanding and reducing that variation, is synonymous to increasing quality. Now, I'd just like to make a slight change there. Yes, all processes are subject to variation, but talking about reducing... I think, understanding and managing that variation, would lead to better quality. And his entire insistence was understanding variation. Although, let me tell you this, in Henry Neave's book, he wrote about this, where he said that in one of the weekend chats that they had with Deming, he made a statement that if I had to reduce my message to managers in two words, I would say: reduce variation. And this, I've heard from both Henry Neave and David Kerridge. For those who are unaware of who David Kerridge was, because he passed away, I think, around 2018 or 2019, I can't remember... Or maybe before. I'm forgetting the year.   0:04:32.1 Balaji Reddie: But this was... He was from Aberdeen, Scotland. And people used to say, he's like an unofficial person who could be the successor to Deming. So he wrote a lot of wonderful papers. So David Kerridge, Henry, and I, were sitting together having dinner, and they were talking about Deming, and they said that, yeah, he did not... There were some things where he could get really, really upset about when he... About performance appraisals. But there are some things when he spoke of Shewhart, Walter Shewhart, he spoke in a very different tone. And then came this topic, that when we told him that you said reduce variation, he said, "I never said that." They said, "But you said it. We have it... We wrote it down, both Henry and I." And he said, "I could have said that in a context, but I don't think I meant it in that way." So for the record, yes, he uttered it; but he meant it differently. I'm quite sure he said to understand and manage that variation.   0:05:35.4 Balaji Reddie: So what is that managing variation? Okay. We saw this last time, in the very narrow sense of the term, that is when Walter Shewhart invented the control chart. He said there are two kinds of variation that exist: natural variation and unnatural variation. And to distinguish between these two, he created the control chart, which was based on... It was an empirical formula, and people confused it to be a statistical thing. He demarcated, brought in two lines, what he called as the upper control limit and lower control limit. And he said as long as the outcomes of any process or system, if you could measure them and you're plotting them on a graph, as long as they lie within these limits, well, that's the natural behavior of the process or system under study. And the moment their performance crosses the limits, one of these limits on the higher side or the lower side, then you can say there's something unique, special, that has happened. So he used the term, random variation, and assignable cause variation. Because he said you could assign a particular cause to the points that lie outside limits. But when you are studying the variation that lie within limits, the variation that lies within limits, then you can't ascribe a particular cause. There is a system of causes acting. This particular difference in approach...   0:06:58.1 Andrew Stotz: That's a great point. The assignable thing is a great, great point. It really helped me just understand it better.   0:07:04.7 Balaji Reddie: Oh, yeah. Because you could assign a particular, that's why he said assignable. And this is random. Assignable, has its advantage that you can isolate it. And initially, he said you could isolate, and you could eliminate, that cause because it is something which is alien to the system under study. And one by one by one, when he said you eliminate all those causes, you land up with a system or a process that fluctuates only within limits, and he called that as a statistically controlled process. Now, he said your real work begins when you start looking into the reasons for each of those points lying within limits, and I made that statement. You don't have one cause, you have a system of causes. Here's where we studied systems the last time, and I'm just refreshing all of this. I said that in a system, you have interconnectedness, you have interdependencies. And then cause and effect are not closely related in time or space. You have synergistic relationships. So when you start studying, it becomes very, very complicated. Because the performance of each of those causes is also subject to variation. So you can never, ever tell with absolute certainty, what is causing the system variation. Because each of the causes is part of a bigger system. So he made that statement that the complete knowledge of any process or system, is unknown and unknowable. He was not being pessimistic; he was being realistic. We discussed this the last time. And so I said, what do we do then? Yeah, we'll come to that. But now comes the other part, which gets really, really interesting.   0:08:46.7 Andrew Stotz: By the way, I want to... Before you move on from the variation, I want to add something. But continue on.   0:08:55.2 Balaji Reddie: Okay. So he said the reason for the point lying outside... And I said it's assignable, what Dr. Deming called as, special cause variation. You can assign a cause, and I said it's alien to the system under study. And I started by saying you can eliminate it. And even Walter Shewhart began by saying, eliminate it. But now, I'm going back on my words slightly. If you eliminate that special cause, it could be a special cause for the system under study, but it could be the common cause of another system which is related to this. And so what can you do? Well, here's the best part that comes in. You reduce the effect of that cause, to the extent that it does not cause any harmful variation here, to the system under study. And that, Andrew, is optimization. "I want this, and I want that", not, "I want this, or I want that." So I need that.   0:10:01.0 Balaji Reddie: Because I can begin with eliminating, but then I have to keep my eyes and ears open. Because this is what I did in my own company when I started implementing all of this. I'll be honest, I drew a control chart, and when I found points lying outside limits and we discovered causes, I used to eliminate them. But since I was exposed to Profound Knowledge, and what Dr. Deming said about optimization, I kept my eyes and ears open to any change that we observed in the company, anywhere. If I... Even if I got a feedback within a day, two week, month later, saying, "See Mr. Reddie, this is what's happening," and I said, "Wait, wait, wait. Let's see the connection." And invariably, the systems would be connected. And so we could not eliminate, we had to reduce. So we had to go back and check. And that's optimization. Because what happens is if you just keep eliminating... Which is a good place to start... The system under study could get attacked by that interrelated, the other system which you have just actually disturbed. And the problem would resurface with a new face. And you would then say, "Wait a minute. We had solved this problem. Why is it back?" So here's where Profound Knowledge comes in. And that's why the word is continual, it's not continuous. You gotta keep at it, you gotta keep learning. So when he said, yeah, that for common causes, or what he called as random causes, they're so complicated... And for these special causes too, they become complicated... Then how do we understand, and what action do we take? Do we just wait on our haunches and do nothing? That's where he brought in the Theory of Knowledge. And I'll begin with his...   0:11:44.1 Andrew Stotz: And maybe I can add something.   0:11:46.3 Balaji Reddie: Yeah, sure. Now you could. Yeah.   0:11:48.7 Andrew Stotz: The first thing I was thinking about, a special cause, or an assignable cause in a factory, particularly in Asia... But maybe also in the US and maybe more in Europe these days... Is a fluctuation in the electricity. Not necessarily a blackout, but that can be a special cause.   0:12:12.1 Balaji Reddie: Right.   0:12:13.6 Andrew Stotz: But just fluctuations in electricity, can cause an impact on a system, so it can be a special cause. And then once you understand it, you may decide, "Hmm, is there a way we can smooth this? Is there a way we can think about the electricity input into this system, which is really critical for this system, by putting something in between the electrical source and this particular system?" So that's an example of the idea of a special cause, potentially, that is just a common cause, possibly, of another system.   0:12:55.3 Balaji Reddie: That's right. In fact, in India, we did have this problem in the 1990s, when the whole world descended into India because of the cost advantage. The rupee got devalued, the dollar really sprung up. And so people found India as a gold mine, when it came to establishing organizations. And what they would do is bring in much of their semi-automatic technologies that they had in the US, or wherever, Europe at that time, into India, which were largely electronic, had components which were electronic. And in India, the temperature conditions are... I mean, you're in Thailand, you know how it is. It's extreme.   0:13:35.1 Andrew Stotz: Yeah.   0:13:36.9 Balaji Reddie: And so it was not ready for that. And we would have these problems with the components conking off. We had to come out with some remedial stuff, some short-term stuff. And then we started discovering things, we started inventing things. And they almost started losing the cost advantage. Then they said, "Okay. Let's get a little smart." When the next set of machines etc., started coming to India... This was in '91-'92, if I remember right. By '93-'94, that realization came in and so they said, "Why don't we send it in with a cooler," the cooling system, "so that no matter what happens outside, the components would be unaffected." But that led to another problem in cities like Mumbai, where you had extensive humidity.   0:14:24.2 Andrew Stotz: Yeah.   0:14:25.3 Balaji Reddie: And that would cause droplets, which would short-circuit the electronic components again. And so they came up with climatizers. It was crazy.   0:14:34.4 Andrew Stotz: Round and round you go.   0:14:36.7 Balaji Reddie: Yeah.   0:14:38.5 Andrew Stotz: That's interesting.   0:14:39.8 Balaji Reddie: You see, when I was exposed to Profound Knowledge for the first time, and when I wanted to teach it, I remember, I used to want to look out for examples; but I found none. And then when I started digging deeper and deeper, I said, "Wait, I do have examples. It's just that I didn't know that I was looking at it differently." And so it was amazing. Like I said, what Dr. Deming said, you see things that you normally would not see. And I began seeing things in retrospect.   0:15:09.4 Andrew Stotz: Yeah. And that's sometimes... I think the teachings of Dr. Deming have made me a very calm and relaxed guy. I no longer freak out over, what I now know, is just normal variation. And I feel like it's a world of people, that you have to react. If you don't react, you're not doing something. And it's almost impossible for most people to see that the next outcome of this, is not a special cause. And I spend a lot of time in my ethics class trying to help young people understand, that there's just normal variation. Which brings me to my last point I wanted to make with what you said. It reminded me of my studies... Which are limited... Of insight meditation, concentration meditation, or Buddhist... What the Buddha taught. And I remember sitting in a temple in Los Angeles many, many years ago, and I thought, "I'm gonna try to learn from this monk."   0:16:24.6 Andrew Stotz: And I left there thinking... So we did meditation, and he said, "Just try to clear your mind. And just..." And so I left that meditation going home thinking, "My brain was on fire," and there's so many things going on. So I went to him, and I studied more, and I learned more. And I realized that I had misunderstood. You're not trying to control your thoughts, or reduce your thoughts. You're trying to observe your thoughts. And once I started to realize, just observe, then I started to make progress in really understanding that reduce will come over time; maybe, maybe not. But observing was really the step. Because once you observe something, particularly with your mind, if you observe thoughts coming out, then that actually means you're somewhat disconnected because it's hard to observe something that's happening. So therefore, you're starting to look at it from a different perspective. And that's what I thought about when you were saying, it's not just reduce, reduce, reduce. It's first, observe.   0:17:40.1 Balaji Reddie: That's right. Yes, understand, see what's happening, ask the right questions, "Does this happen every day? Or has it happened only today?" things like that. And then you could say, "Okay. If it's happened only today, why did it happen only today? Is today a special day?" So that's the understanding of variation in the broadest sense. And that's why statistical thinking is about asking the correct questions, even in the absence of data. It's thinking, statistical thinking. Don't confuse it with statistical methods, where all kinds of mathematical mumbo jumbo come in. This is thinking statistically. And that's where theory of knowledge, where Dr. Deming said, comes in to help us, first, enlist what's unknown. And then from that, you start pinpointing, or segregating what is knowable, faster. And then you... Once you do that, then you start recycling your thoughts and trying to understand those systems much better. And that's the theory of knowledge.   0:18:45.5 Balaji Reddie: Now, just a statement which he said, what is a theory of knowledge? He said, "A statement conveys knowledge, if it relates some cause to some effect; It fits without fail, all the observations of the past; It helps us predict the future with the risk of being wrong." So I'll repeat the whole thing. He said, "A statement conveys knowledge, if it relates some cause to some effect," it provides us information, it relates some cause to some effect. "It fits without fail, all the observations of the past; It helps us predict the future, with the risk of being wrong." Now, if you go through this step by step, when you say here, take this example of a small five-year-old child. At least this is a very, very Asian and an Indian kind of an example, but I'm quite sure people all over the world will relate to this. A five-year-old child, here in India or in Asia, watching his father go to work every day. Father goes to work on, what we call as, a two-wheeler, a scooter as they call it. And if you know, in the old days, you could kickstart the scooter. We didn't have push-button starts, we used to kick the lever. And so this kid is very intrigued as to how does this scooter start. And he knows that he's at that age, if he keeps asking questions, he'll be told, "You'll learn when you grow up," or "Don't waste my time."   0:20:18.2 Balaji Reddie: And so he decides to observe and learn. And so he starts observing his father every morning from the small little balcony that they have. The daddy brought the scooter out into the compound and then put it on stand. And he did a big ritual around the scooter, and then he kicked the lever and the scooter started. And so he would write down. This is happening every day. And then he noticed that the scooter wouldn't start till he kicked the lever. And so he wrote down his first theory: kick is equal to start. Now, he decided to test this theory. A couple of days where he wasn't even in the balcony, he would sit inside the house and he would hear the kicking sound, and he would tell his mother, "Now the scooter's gonna start." And guess what? The scooter started. So this theory can't be wrong. Now, he decided to test the theory differently. He decided to start the scooter one day. So there was nobody at home, he goes to the garage where the scooter is there, and he gives the lever a mighty kick. But it doesn't start.   0:21:23.3 Balaji Reddie: Now, he says, "This is crazy." So he goes and reads the notes that he made. And then he saw a lot of funny things that were happening. His father was taking a bag off his shoulder, putting it on the handlebar, and touching the scooter two, three places and then kicking the lever. So he went and brought his father's bag, put it on his shoulder, took it off, put it on the handlebar, did that whole ritual, and then kicked the lever. But the scooter didn't start. He said, "Now, what's wrong? Maybe I've not observed properly." So the next day, the whole system came under scrutiny. But he didn't observe anything special at all. But then again the next day, and then he said, "Wait, wait, wait, wait. There is something he's doing there. He takes the bag off his shoulder, but then he touches the neck of the scooter on the inside, and then he kicks the lever." So what could that be? And then when he observed the next day, he saw there was a key he was inserting and twisting it. And he said, "Oh, damn." So he wrote down his provisional theory: key plus kick is equal to start.   0:22:23.7 Balaji Reddie: And so again, he tests this when there's nobody at home. He gets the key, inserts it and turns it, then he kicks the lever and the scooter starts. So here's where his theory becomes a little more elaborate: key plus kick is start. Now, this works very well till, months down the line, he hears kicking, kicking, kicking, but the scooter's not starting. And so he comes out and looks at his father. His father's desperately kicking away. And he says, "Looks like the old man's got it wrong." So he comes down and asks his father, "Have you turned the key?" And he says, "Oh yeah. You're trying to teach your father how to start the scooter." "Then why isn't the scooter starting?" "I don't know." So they take it to an elderly gentleman staying nearby. "Look, the scooter's not starting." So that elderly gentleman is quite unperturbed. "Oh, no problem." He does something totally out of the playbook. He runs with the scooter, jerks it into motion, and the scooter starts.   0:23:20.4 Balaji Reddie: So key plus kick completely collapses, and this kid is flummoxed. He asks his father what made the scooter start, and that's where he gets the answer, "You'll learn when you grow up." Now, this kid grows up with the question in his head, "How did the scooter start that day?" And he reaches seventh grade where they're having a subject called science, general science. And the teacher that day in class is discussing Newton's laws of motion. And she starts, "Body continues to be in a state of rest..." etc., etc. "And to every action there's equal and opposite reaction," and, "rate of change of momentum is equal to force." And the moment that kid hears that sentence, "Rate of change of momentum is equal to force"...now here's the point I'm making. To every child sitting in that classroom, this was just information. But one of those things answered a question; it became knowledge. He suddenly realized when his teacher said, rate of change of momentum is equal to force, that's when he said, "When you're running with the scooter or kicking that lever, I'm generating a force which is making the scooter start."   0:24:32.2 Balaji Reddie: And soon, of course, when he grows up, he inherits the scooter, and every time he has a problem, he runs with it, jerks it into motion. But one day he's doing that and then the scooter is just not starting. So he takes it down to the motor mechanic, and the mechanic does something very funny. He goes underneath the scooter and comes out with a contraption called the spark plug and shows him how dirty it has become. Then cleans it, puts it back and then kicks the lever and the scooter starts. So now he's got a big elaborate theory. When I kick that lever or run with the scooter, I'm generating a force, the force ignites a spark, the spark ignites the fuel, and the scooter starts. Now, I know this is not how it happens, but I think I made my point.   0:25:13.9 Balaji Reddie: But if you go through this entire narration that I've just made, if you realize something, that every time this child was proven wrong, he learned something new. And he was proven wrong because he had a theory. It may not have been correct, but it was a theory. So theory is not the opposite of practice; theory is a guide to better practice. And the more your theory is proven wrong, the more you learn. And the theory is based on what you have seen, what you see before your eyes. You liken it to something, an experience, something you've seen, something you watched. And that's how theories are generated. And that's when Dr. Deming said, if you want to understand the complexities in a system, you begin with theory. "I think. I feel. Let's try this." It worked? Great, "Let's do it again." If it did not work? Great, "Let's see under what conditions it would work?" And that's why he said we need to cooperate to understand the system, because when we sit together, each one comes out with a different theory based on what our backgrounds are. I think once we had this discussion, like if I were to start describing to you the road reaching to my place, you already start constructing a mental picture based on whatever you've seen in life. And that's your theory.   0:26:50.3 Balaji Reddie: Now, when you actually land here, you say, "Oh, I thought this and I'm seeing this." So that's what happens with Plan-Do-Study-Act. We're all born with this. It's a natural way of learning. It begins with a theory: I think; I believe; Let's try. And then you actually carry out that set of steps which you think would give you the result. And then you study. "Did I get the result? Did I not get the result?" And then you act. "Maybe I need to modify my theory. Maybe I need to add to it. Maybe just abandon the theory."   0:27:23.6 Balaji Reddie: I remember once somebody asked me this question, "That if we abandon the theory, what happens?" Well, you get to know the limitations of your existing theory. And the more you know where your theory fails, the more powerful it becomes for you. If you can predict failure, you have really understood the process. So when you know that this is gonna fail, then you've really understood this. So this theory, this is a system of learning, and all of us are born with this. We all have this natural inclination of asking questions. So that system of learning which leads to theory, we're born with it. But the problem is this: there are some people who learn by watching, some people who learn by doing, some people who learn by reading, some people who learn by writing. For some people, one word is enough. For some people, you have to keep repeating the theory till the person says, "Okay. I understand it."   0:28:22.9 Balaji Reddie: Now, is this wrong? We're just different from each other. And that, is what Dr. Deming said, is the understanding of psychology. You need to understand the learning process of a person, and then you need to interact with that person. So whether it is an employee in your company, whether it's your customer, whether it's your supplier, you need to understand. And I would reduce that word to being empathetic. Understand, be empathetic, and not just understand what makes that person tick. Broadly, we say learning process. Now, a lot of corollaries that come out of this, that you cannot copy an example without understanding the underlying theory behind it. It's not how that person has been successful, but why. And for that, you need to... Because we come from so many different backgrounds, that's why Dr. Deming said, you need to have operational definitions before you start communicating to each other. So all of these are an outcome of the Theory of Knowledge. One is the concept of experimentation. That means the more you fail, actually, the more you learn. But management rewards only successes. The appraisal system works only on successes. We need to also recognize failures, because that's where you know where it failed and what you need to do next. And as they say, failures are the stepping stones to success, etc. Fine. But if you're doing it in a very structured scientific way, your rate of success would go faster.   0:30:05.1 Andrew Stotz: And I think that's an important part, is the structured way. Because one of the things... I was just teaching a management team, about 35 people, yesterday. And I was teaching them about corporate strategy, and that there's many ways to win in corporate strategy. Could be the low-cost leader, or whatever. But one of the ways I describe, is what I call, know-how. That your firm has some special knowledge, or some special skills, or expertise, that you've accumulated over time. And this brings us to the point of... Because many times, I've thought about the Theory of Knowledge, and thought, "Yeah, we do that." We casually do exactly what you said. We ask a question, we have a little theory, we test it. But the problem is, many companies think that they have know-how as a competitive advantage, until the person with the know-how leaves. And then they realize, "Oh, we just had one superstar." The question is, do we have a formal or structured way of acquiring and disseminating knowledge, till it becomes common knowledge in our company? And that's where the Theory of Knowledge, and the PDSA, I see brings a lot of value.   0:31:36.2 Balaji Reddie: Yeah. So that's why the joke going around is know-how, know-what, but more important now is know-when and know-who. Even if you know who, it leads to the when, what, and how. Sometimes, you tend to thank the person profusely because that person says, "I know who knows to solve this," and then it takes you right there.   0:32:01.7 Andrew Stotz: Here's a fun thought exercise that I like to think of, is that... You and I both read physical books. And I've got thousands of them surrounding me in my office. But we're in a point in time where the future generations are not gonna read physical books. They're gonna read books that are online and...   0:32:27.0 Balaji Reddie: Right.   0:32:29.0 Andrew Stotz: And then we look at someone's house in the future. There's not gonna be books in their house. It's gonna be on their pad, on their phone, in the cloud. Now, one thing that's kind of interesting is, think about... Imagine that there's a solar flare hits the earth and wipes out all the books. They're all gone. In fact, all of our accumulated knowledge, of research studies, and everything. For the first time in human history, there's like this moment where everything's gonna... It wouldn't happen nowadays because people still have a distributed libraries, distribution of the knowledge. And all of a sudden, you could be without knowledge. And so this is part of the reason why, in a company context, it's important to have a method for acquiring, but also a method for consolidating, and collecting, and building knowledge, and upgrading it. Anyways, that was just some fun thing that I've been thinking about in my head. So anyways, keep going.   0:33:35.7 Balaji Reddie: Yeah, no. That's what's going on right now with the HR departments in companies, knowledge management, because they say, like you said, the person leaves and everything leaves along with them. So apparently, what happens is, when they are debriefing after a successful project... And this implementation thing which I read in Dr. Juran, he used to call it the Santayana review, George Santayana, who made that famous statement, "Those who forget the past are condemned to repeat it." And so he would say at the end of the entire project, y'all sit together... And like from the defense, you have this thing called, debriefing. You narrate everything, and it's verbatim. You take down what you went through so that that remains on record. And so we used to do this in our company. At the end of the project, we used to have the last meeting, and the last document that we used to put on the file, which used to close the file, the improvement file, was "Things Gone Right, Things Gone Wrong."   0:34:37.7 Balaji Reddie: And without that, no project file was completed. No project was completed. We used to have that last meeting, and the new team coming in would ask for the recently completed projects, and begin with reading that document first, because we don't want to repeat the same mistakes. And this is the only way. So nowadays, I've seen this, that the HR person also sits around in that meeting and asks the question, "Okay. You took this decision, but what made you take that decision?" Because they want that to be replicated. Turning tacit into explicit. So that that comes from here. If you understand why Juran explained... That's why I keep saying this, that I could understand Juran because I read Deming; and I could implement Deming because I read Juran. They're not mutually exclusive. And so when people get into this stupid argument of who was better, you're losing out on their learning by getting into that silly argument. They were very compatible. Maybe, they had different ways of expressing themselves.   0:35:51.7 Balaji Reddie: And so coming back to what Deming said, he said that this is Theory of Knowledge, and so you are in a continual state of learning when you're dealing with, what you call as, random causes. But in a state of assignable causes, that's the low-hanging fruit. It gives you the instantaneous results that management wants to see. But at the same time, if you're exposed to Profound Knowledge, you know that if you take such drastic steps of elimination, etc., etc., to show those results, the low-hanging fruit, a person with Profound Knowledge would keep his eyes and ears open to note any kind of changes, anywhere, in either a related or an unrelated system. And then make changes accordingly. You can't just leave it at that.   0:36:44.4 Balaji Reddie: So my experience in my company when I started implementing this... Because we had... What? 77 different interconnected processes which were running to make the company... Well, from start to end. Which included some manufacturing, some finance, some personnel. So these are all interconnected. And we found that if you're making changes, they would affect the other processes, sometimes directly, sometimes indirectly. So you have to keep revisiting those processes again and again, and seeing how you can optimize. And my estimate, is that it takes around three, to three-and-a-half years to actually attain some kind of predictability in the entire organization, if you're using good teams and using Profound Knowledge. If you are not using Profound Knowledge, you will gain some very good... You'd have some very quick gains, no doubt about it. But then the other problems may resurface. And if you've seen the path of frustration that Dr. Deming has drawn in, 'Out of the Crisis,' there's a diagram that you reach... You expect improvement and you don't, and it stagnates. And that's exactly what happens when you don't have Profound Knowledge. You tend to stagnate, and in fact, you start going the opposite direction. If you see it as a better way of learning and understanding your processes, then definitely, things can get much, much better. That's how I look at it.   0:38:28.8 Andrew Stotz: Excellent. Right.   0:38:29.9 Balaji Reddie: So in my own company, it took three-and-a-half years, to see things. And then we saw the effect of all this when we had to grow as a company, and from having something like 30-40 people, to close to 300. The growth was crazy. But because we had been exposed to all this, things became easier, let me put it that way.   0:38:57.4 Andrew Stotz: Yeah. It's funny because what I was just thinking about... Normally, when we say, "You have to grow," we're talking about like growing revenue, growing market share. But what you're also talking about, is you have to grow in your knowledge.   0:39:11.0 Balaji Reddie: Yes. You have to.   0:39:13.7 Andrew Stotz: Otherwise you can't manage it.   0:39:17.4 Balaji Reddie: Right.   0:39:20.7 Andrew Stotz: And anything else you want to add on this topic?   0:39:24.1 Balaji Reddie: Well, this is... So this is where you have all the four sciences acting together. So if I were to, in a nutshell, put together what we have just discussed of all the four sciences, I'll just pull up a list of points, and if we can sometime do perhaps a video call... Excuse me... Then... Just give me a minute.   0:39:55.5 Andrew Stotz: Yep.   0:39:56.5 Balaji Reddie: Okay. So here we are. So let's get to Profound Knowledge. Okay. So let's begin.   0:40:07.5 Balaji Reddie: So understanding... So appreciation for a system. The points you need to look at: that cause and effect are not closely related in time and space; that outputs are the results of a myriad of inputs; there exist synergistic relationships among the inputs themselves; And we need to understand the importance of a common aim and purpose for a system to function well. We come to understanding variation. That's learning how to think statistically, that is how to distinguish between matters that require immediate attention, what we call as, assignable cause variation; versus matters that require constant attention, which is what we call as, random cause or common cause variation., And understand that taking cognizance of and managing this variation, is synonymous to better quality. About Theory of Knowledge: the importance of theory; using theory to interpret observations; and experience is not doing the same thing again and again, but doing different things and learning from your failures. So you keep doing... Even if a person says, "I've got 30 years of experience," it could be... I don't say it's always... It could be the same thing being done for 30 years. But doing different things in 5 years, you could gain a lot more experience than doing the same thing for 30 years. And then you understand how to learn faster. The day you discover your learning process, is the greatest day of your life. And the funny thing is you can't discover it yourself. You need outside help. And that could be a mentor, maybe a teacher, maybe a friend, I don't know, it could be anybody. And understanding of psychology: okay, that people are inherently good; they want to do a good job; they learn differently, therefore they think differently. Working on people's learning systems and processes, rather than trying to exhort them, that would be better, learning their processes... And ranking... You cannot compare one person's learning system with another. Each one has their own learning system. You have to learn how to appreciate that and hone it, and make a person better at what they do.   0:42:40.2 Balaji Reddie: So these are the four sciences acting together. And that gives you Profound Knowledge. And we said here when we started, that when you have Profound Knowledge, you ask different questions. So when you start looking at things happening around you, and you start asking these questions... Because Dr. Deming said that people are the only living parts of any organization, and so you need to understand them. So I keep joking about this sometimes, that how do we learn this theory and psychology? The best thing is to... If you have a pet at home, if you can predict the behavior of your pet, then you really have Profound Knowledge. Because here is a living creature who can't communicate to you what they want, and if you can understand that, that's real empathy. When you understand your pet, or whatever.   0:43:43.5 Andrew Stotz: That's competitive advantage.   0:43:45.6 Balaji Reddie: Yes.   0:43:49.2 Andrew Stotz: Fantastic.   0:43:50.4 Balaji Reddie: Also, I keep saying this, when the womenfolk, they take a break when they are expecting. And then they come back to work after they've had their children, they had a child or something, people say that they've come back to work. I said, "Oh, they have not been away from work." They've done work which is so different right now. They've learned so much. So it's unfair to say that you've taken a break. I think women are never on a break. Whether they're in the family way, whatever, they are working. It's just that we define work as something that you do at a place of work, that is an office where they're doing work. Even when they're with a child trying to understand what that damn child is trying to say. I mean, just imagine, they learn how to... What that kid is going through, even though that kid can't communicate. And somehow, they have that instinct. So they have it more than us. I mean, of course, when you have parenting, which is done by both men and women now... During our time, of course, it was more women-oriented. We came from a different generation. But I see that change now. And so I keep saying this, that if you spend time trying to understand babies, or trying to understand your pets, I think you become more empathetic. And automatically, your Theory of Knowledge bit, and your psychology, starts getting stronger.   0:45:21.7 Andrew Stotz: Yes. I'm gonna test the theory. If I give my child this, they're gonna be quiet. Yeah. There you go, Theory of knowledge.   0:45:33.5 Balaji Reddie: There you go.   0:45:34.4 Andrew Stotz: Fantastic. Well Balaji, let's end it there. And on behalf of everyone listening, I want to thank you again for this discussion. And for listeners, remember to go to deming.org and jump into DemingNEXT to continue your journey. There's so much there now, it just keeps growing. So, this is your host, Andrew Stotz. And I want to leave you with one of my favorite quotes from Dr. Deming, I just can't stop saying it: "People are entitled to joy in work."

Remember Lot's Wife. Jeffrey R. Holland. ACU Sunday Series. The past is to be learned from, but not lived in. We remember the blessings enjoyed and the lessons learned, but then we look with faith toward the future. Watch the entire video at- https://youtu.be/obNlH5VZ_qg?si=9mA18OXU8KTPxS2B BYU Speeches 251K subscribers 988,775 views Jul 3, 2012 Introduction: 00:00 Remember Lot's Wife: 3:33 Don't Look Back: 9:06 Remember Them No More: 14:33 The Best is Yet to Be: 24:40 Conclusion: 32:29 Follow BYU Speeches: Podcasts: https://speeches.byu.edu/podcasts/​ Facebook:   / byuspeeches​   Twitter:   / byuspeeches​   Instagram:   / byuspeeches​   Pinterest:   / byuspeeches​   This speech was given on January 13, 2009. Read and download the full devotional text at the BYU Speeches website: https://speeches.byu.edu/talks/jeffre... Read more about Jeffrey R. Holland here: https://speeches.byu.edu/speakers/jef... © Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. "The start of a new year is the traditional time to take stock of our lives and see where we are going, measured against the backdrop of where we have been. I don't want to talk to you about New Year's resolutions, because you only made five of them and you have already broken four. (I give that remaining one just another week.) But I do want to talk to you about the past and the future, not so much in terms of New Year's commitments per se, but more with an eye toward any time of transition and change in your lives—and those moments come virtually every day of our lives. As a scriptural theme for this discussion, I have chosen the second-shortest verse in all of holy scripture. I am told that the shortest verse—a verse that every missionary memorizes and holds ready in case he is called on spontaneously in a zone conference—is John 11:35: “Jesus wept.” Elders, here is a second option, another shortie that will dazzle your mission president in case you are called on two zone conferences in a row. It is Luke 17:32, where the Savior cautions, “Remember Lot's wife.” Hmmm. What did He mean by such an enigmatic little phrase? To find out, I suppose we need to do as He suggested. Let's recall who Lot's wife was. The original story, of course, comes to us out of the days of Sodom and Gomorrah, when the Lord, having had as much as He could stand of the worst that men and women could do, told Lot and his family to flee because those cities were about to be destroyed. “Escape for thy life,” the Lord said, “look not behind thee . . . ; escape to the mountain, lest thou be consumed” (Genesis 19:17; emphasis added). With less than immediate obedience and more than a little negotiation, Lot and his family ultimately did leave town, but just in the nick of time. The scriptures tell us what happened at daybreak the morning following their escape: The Lord rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven; And he overthrew those cities. [Genesis 19:24–25] Then our theme today comes in the next verse. Surely, surely, with the Lord's counsel “look not behind thee” ringing clearly in her ears, Lot's wife, the record says, “looked back,” and she was turned into a pillar of salt. In the time we have this morning, I am not going to talk to you about the sins of Sodom and Gomorrah, nor of the comparison the Lord Himself has made to those days and our own time. I am not even going to talk about obedience and disobedience. I just want to talk to you for a few minutes about looking back and looking ahead. One of the purposes of history is to teach us the lessons of life. George Santayana, who should be more widely read than he is on a college campus, is best known for saying, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it” (Reason in Common Sense, vol. 1 of The Life of Reason [1905–1906]). So, if history is this important—and it surely is—what did Lot's wife do that was so wrong? As something of a student of history, I have thought about that and offer this as a partial answer. Apparently what was wrong with Lot's wife was that she wasn't just looking back; in her heart she wanted to go back. It would appear that even before they were past the city limits, she was already missing what Sodom and Gomorrah had offered her. As Elder Maxwell once said, such people know they should have their primary residence in Zion, but they still hope to keep a summer cottage in Babylon (see Larry W. Gibbons, “Wherefore, Settle This in Your Hearts,” Ensign, November 2006, 102; also Neal A. Maxwell, A Wonderful Flood of Light [Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1990], 47). It is possible that Lot's wife looked back with resentment toward the Lord for what He was asking her to leave behind. We certainly know that Laman and Lemuel were resentful when Lehi and his family were commanded to leave Jerusalem. So it isn't just that she looked back; she looked back longingly. In short, her attachment to the past outweighed her confidence in the future. That, apparently, was at least part of her sin."   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------    For Come Follow Me lesson manual and materials visit- Come, Follow Me For Individuals and Families: New Testament 2023 https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/manual/come-follow-me/2023?lang=eng     For a list of 100+ episodes of ACU Sunday Series visit- https://www.podbean.com/site/search/index?kdsowie31j4k1jlf913=85cb8104bdb182c048b714ad4385f9e82a3aeb49&v=ACU+Sunday+Series+ Note- Click on “100 Episodes Found” in upper right corner.   For many different Podcasts based on the ‘Come Follow Me' program visit- https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=come+follow+me+   Subscribe to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for the latest videos: http://bit.ly/1M0iPwY Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/churchofjesu... Twitter: @Ch_JesusChrist Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ChurchOfJes... Website: ChurchOfJesusChrist.org The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints   BYUEducationWeek   Get a Free Book of Mormon | ComeUntoChrist Church of Jesus Christ https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org › requests › free-...   The Book of Mormon brings you closer to Jesus. Click to download a free digital copy of the Book of Mormon and learn about it with online missionaries.   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- For the Strength of Youth To help you find the Way and to help you make Christ's doctrine the guiding influence in your life, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has prepared a new resource, a revised version of For the Strength of Youth.   For over 50 years, For the Strength of Youth has been a guide for generations of Latter-day Saint youth. I always keep a copy in my pocket, and I share it with people who are curious about our standards. It has been updated and refreshed to better cope with the challenges and temptations of our day. The new version of For the Strength of Youth is available online in 50 different languages and will also be available in print. It will be a significant help for making choices in your life. Please embrace it as your own and share it with your friends. This new version of For the Strength of Youth is subtitled A Guide for Making Choices. To be very clear, the best guide you can possibly have for making choices is Jesus Christ. Jesus Christ is the strength of youth. So the purpose of For the Strength of Youth is to point you to Him. It teaches you eternal truths of His restored gospel—truths about who you are, who He is, and what you can accomplish with His strength. It teaches you how to make righteous choices based on those eternal truths.13 It's also important to know what For the Strength of Youth does not do. It doesn't make decisions for you. It doesn't give you a “yes” or “no” about every choice you might ever face. For the Strength of Youth focuses on the foundation for your choices. It focuses on values, principles, and doctrine instead of every specific behavior. The Lord, through His prophets, has always been guiding us in that direction. He is pleading with us to “increase [our] spiritual capacity to receive revelation.”14 He is inviting us to “hear Him.”15 He is calling us to follow Him in higher and holier ways.16 And we are learning in a similar way every week in Come, Follow Me.     ACU Endorsed Charities -------------------------------------------------------- Pre-Born! Saving babies and Souls. https://preborn.org/ OUR MISSION To glorify Jesus Christ by leading and equipping pregnancy clinics to save more babies and souls. WHAT WE DO Pre-Born! partners with life-affirming pregnancy clinics all across the nation. We are designed to strategically impact the abortion industry through the following initiatives:… -------------------------------------------------------- Help CSI Stamp Out Slavery In Sudan Join us in our effort to free over 350 slaves. Listeners to the Eric Metaxas Show will remember our annual effort to free Christians who have been enslaved for simply acknowledging Jesus Christ as their Savior. As we celebrate the birth of Christ this Christmas, join us in giving new life to brothers and sisters in Sudan who have enslaved as a result of their faith. https://csi-usa.org/metaxas   https://csi-usa.org/slavery/   Typical Aid for the Enslaved A ration of sorghum, a local nutrient-rich staple food A dairy goat A “Sack of Hope,” a survival kit containing essential items such as tarp for shelter, a cooking pan, a water canister, a mosquito net, a blanket, a handheld sickle, and fishing hooks. Release celebrations include prayer and gathering for a meal, and medical care for those in need. The CSI team provides comfort, encouragement, and a shoulder to lean on while they tell their stories and begin their new lives. Thank you for your compassion  Giving the Gift of Freedom and Hope to the Enslaved South Sudanese -------------------------------------------------------- Food For The Poor https://foodforthepoor.org/ Help us serve the poorest of the poor Food For The Poor began in 1982 in Jamaica. Today, our interdenominational Christian ministry serves the poor in primarily 17 countries throughout the Caribbean and Latin America. Thanks to our faithful donors, we are able to provide food, housing, healthcare, education, fresh water, emergency relief, micro-enterprise solutions and much more. We are proud to have fed millions of people and provided more than 15.7 billion dollars in aid. Our faith inspires us to be an organization built on compassion, and motivated by love. Our mission is to bring relief to the poorest of the poor in the countries where we serve. We strive to reflect God's unconditional love. It's a sacrificial love that embraces all people regardless of race or religion. We believe that we can show His love by serving the “least of these” on this earth as Christ challenged us to do in Matthew 25. We pray that by God's grace, and with your support, we can continue to bring relief to the suffering and hope to the hopeless.

Santayana: Latin rock guitarist or materialist conservative thinker? Find out as we discuss Irving Babbitt, Paul Elmer More, and George Santayana, exploring what their critiques of early 20th-century American utilitarianism, materialism, and pragmatism mean for political conservatism today. Follow us on X!Give us your opinions here!

Join Dave Stroud for a look at a fascinating, if somewhat cringey, slice of music history, where white cover versions of black R&B nuggets were whitewashed across the pop charts in the 1950s. While the ‘cover version' was a standard industry practice, so were the ‘sanitized' versions of R&B hits by black artists that made them more ‘palatable' for white radio audiences, spotlighting white artists while the original creators stayed in the shadows. It's certainly something that could be the topic of numerous Deeper Roots episodes but we'll limit our scope to a two hour exploration, measuring the original against the cover. On one side of the house we'll hear from Fats Domino (a popular source for the practic), Big Joe Turner, The Moonglows and a handful of others. The other side of the house has the names of Pat Boone, Art Mooney, The Fontane Sisters and others among the dubious roster ‘favorites'. Radio and media helped to democratize the landscape but today's parallels with the frothing ‘look over thereness' of right wing hate is unmistakable and hard to ignore. It was George Santayana who observed that “those who do not learn from history, are bound to repeat it.“

How did the Harvard PhD experience influence W.E.B. Du Bois, the man who would become one of the leading Black activists and intellectuals of the 20th century? And what connections did he make in the vibrant Black community outside of campus? Join us as we explore these questions in the first of a two-part conversation with New York University professor and National Humanities Medal recipient David Levering Lewis, winner of the Pulitzer Prize for his two-volume biography of W.E.B. Du Bois.

In today's episode, Dr. Killeen reflects on the natural seasons of life and dentistry—the times of growth, rebuilding, rest, and reflection. Drawing wisdom from George Santayana and Morgan Housel, he reminds us that happiness comes not from clinging to the “good old days,” but from embracing the moment we're in. Take a pause today to name your current season and consider what it's asking of you—because every stage, even the slow or uncertain ones, has its own beauty and purpose.To learn more about Dr. Killeen and his two-day event in Lincoln, NE or to connect with him, check out www.AddisonKilleen.com.

"Wie zijn geschiedenis niet kent, is gedoemd haar te herhalen" is een citaat van de filosoof George Santayana. In hoeverre is dat waar, en weten wij in Nederland nog wel genoeg over de geschiedenis?  Deze week barst de Maand van de Geschiedenis los in Nederland. Met allerlei lezingen en activiteiten verspreid door het hele land, halen geschiedenis-nerds hun hart op. Hoe belangrijk is kennis over onze geschiedenis? Wat zijn de gevolgen als we dat niet weten? Maar ook: wie of wat bepaalt eigenlijk wat geschiedenis wordt en is? En hoe zal de tijd waarin we nu leven herinnerd worden? Te gast is historicus Stefan Couperus van de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. 

The philosopher George Santayana once said, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” While many would agree, few have considered how this truth applies to the message of Christianity. Just 500 years ago, foundational truths like the authority of Scripture, the work of Christ, salvation by faith, the free gift of grace, and the glory of God were not only questioned but worse – they were being deliberately distorted. Much of what was preached had very little to do with Christ and the message proclaimed by the church was not good news at all. However, in 1517, by God's grace, a movement called the Reformation began to bring these truths back into focus. Luther, along with others, clarified and defended the core doctrines of the Christian faith with five essential truths that still shape the church today: Scripture alone, Christ alone, Faith alone, Grace alone, and God's glory alone. If we forget them, take them for granted, or fail to defend them, we'll risk spreading a version of Christianity that is no longer centered on Christ or filled with good news. Even worse, we'll miss God's intended design for the message of the gospel and miss Him in the process.

The philosopher George Santayana once said, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” While many would agree, few have considered how this truth applies to the message of Christianity. Just 500 years ago, foundational truths like the authority of Scripture, the work of Christ, salvation by faith, the free gift of grace, and the glory of God were not only questioned but worse – they were being deliberately distorted. Much of what was preached had very little to do with Christ and the message proclaimed by the church was not good news at all. However, in 1517, by God's grace, a movement called the Reformation began to bring these truths back into focus. Luther, along with others, clarified and defended the core doctrines of the Christian faith with five essential truths that still shape the church today: Scripture alone, Christ alone, Faith alone, Grace alone, and God's glory alone. If we forget them, take them for granted, or fail to defend them, we'll risk spreading a version of Christianity that is no longer centered on Christ or filled with good news. Even worse, we'll miss God's intended design for the message of the gospel and miss Him in the process.

The philosopher George Santayana once said, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” While many would agree, few have considered how this truth applies to the message of Christianity. Just 500 years ago, foundational truths like the authority of Scripture, the work of Christ, salvation by faith, the free gift of grace, and the glory of God were not only questioned but worse – they were being deliberately distorted. Much of what was preached had very little to do with Christ and the message proclaimed by the church was not good news at all. However, in 1517, by God's grace, a movement called the Reformation began to bring these truths back into focus. Luther, along with others, clarified and defended the core doctrines of the Christian faith with five essential truths that still shape the church today: Scripture alone, Christ alone, Faith alone, Grace alone, and God's glory alone. If we forget them, take them for granted, or fail to defend them, we'll risk spreading a version of Christianity that is no longer centered on Christ or filled with good news. Even worse, we'll miss God's intended design for the message of the gospel and miss Him in the process.

The philosopher George Santayana once said, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” While many would agree, few have considered how this truth applies to the message of Christianity. Just 500 years ago, foundational truths like the authority of Scripture, the work of Christ, salvation by faith, the free gift of grace, and the glory of God were not only questioned but worse – they were being deliberately distorted. Much of what was preached had very little to do with Christ and the message proclaimed by the church was not good news at all. However, in 1517, by God's grace, a movement called the Reformation began to bring these truths back into focus. Luther, along with others, clarified and defended the core doctrines of the Christian faith with five essential truths that still shape the church today: Scripture alone, Christ alone, Faith alone, Grace alone, and God's glory alone. If we forget them, take them for granted, or fail to defend them, we'll risk spreading a version of Christianity that is no longer centered on Christ or filled with good news. Even worse, we'll miss God's intended design for the message of the gospel and miss Him in the process.

This morning we explore why the blessing after we eat is longer and more detailed than the blessing we make before we eat. Based on a principle of Rabbi S. R. Hirsch, we look at the context of the commandment to bless after we eat in our Parsha, Eikev, and see this truth reflected in the writing of Emily Dickinson, R. Baruch Epstein, and George Santayana. Michael Whitman is the senior rabbi of ADATH Congregation in Hampstead, Quebec, and an adjunct professor at McGill University Faculty of Law. ADATH is a modern orthodox synagogue community in suburban Montreal, providing Judaism for the next generation. We take great pleasure in welcoming everyone with a warm smile, while sharing inspiration through prayer, study, and friendship. Rabbi Whitman shares his thoughts and inspirations through online lectures and shiurim, which are available on: YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5FLcsC6xz5TmkirT1qObkA Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/adathmichael/ Podcast - Mining the Riches of the Parsha: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/mining-the-riches-of-the-parsha/id1479615142?fbclid=IwAR1c6YygRR6pvAKFvEmMGCcs0Y6hpmK8tXzPinbum8drqw2zLIo7c9SR-jc Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3hWYhCG5GR8zygw4ZNsSmO Please contact Rabbi Whitman (rabbi@adath.ca) with any questions or feedback, or to receive a daily email, "Study with Rabbi Whitman Today," with current and past insights for that day, video, and audio, all in one short email sent directly to your inbox.

Tonight, on this explosive, educational, investigative episode of Light ‘Em Up.We debut in 121 countries around the globe!   Is that sick, or what?Tonight, we challenge you to listen and think critically as we examine in-depth the Venezuelan transnational criminal organization called: Tren de Aragua.Its origins can be traced to its foundation in 2014 inside Tocorón Prison, Aragua state, Venezuela. It has expanded exponentially: Spread across Colombia, Peru, Chile, and the US, exploiting Venezuelan migrants.The gang's growth has made it a transnational criminal organization.A transnational criminal organization or (TCO) is a group of individuals who operate across national borders (not just in one country) to achieve gains in power, influence, or money through illegal means, often engaging in activities like:—  drug trafficking—  human trafficking (including smuggling of migrants)—  arms trafficking—  money laundering—  counterfeiting—  trafficking in firearms, counterfeit goods, wildlife and cultural property and sex and cybercrimes.Suddenly we're hearing this gang's name blaring over the airwaves of MAGA-favoring “news” outlets like NewsMax or what I call the Fox “Entertainment News” Network … and among:—   Christian fascists,—   Christian nationalists,—   Members of the radical right,—   Trump Republicans who stand in front of the camera regurgitating GOP party talking points,—   White supremacists and xenophobes.Among these select groups of people they know very few words in the Spanish language … and they don't wish to learn any of the language or learn about its culture because they think people who speak Spanish certainly aren't of the (Aryan) “master race”.The Oath Keepers, Proud Boys and the 3 Percenters … and people of this ilk wouldn't even see these people as human beings — because of their brown skin.Tonight, unlike what one is likely ever to hear on one of those networks, without fear or favor we'll deliver to you the truth about: Tren de Aragua.—   We'll examine the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 …—   And we'll relate how civil rights, civil liberties and hard-fought protections are being destroyed … under the guise of Making America Great Again!Do you value your civil rights? Do you think civil rights ONLY pertain to people of color?If yes, you are dead wrong.  If one individual's civil rights are being oppressed — then every person's rights are being oppressed and diminished.  This happened after 9/11 and it is happening again, today!To know the present, you must be aware of the past."Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it" is a famous aphorism attributed to the philosopher George Santayana, emphasizing the importance of learning from history in order to avoid repeating mistakes.You'd never hear the truth about Venezuela, its past, or its present.  Venezuela is a country that is in crisis. Its people are affected directly by the widespread political and civil unrest that has plagued their nation.Their people need help. The situation has become a humanitarian crisis.The current U.S. administration has willfully turned a blind eye to the plight of the Venezuelans. U.S. homeland security advisor and White House Deputy Chief of Staff for Policy Stephen Miller and his cronies are good at overlooking the suffering of others — yet claiming to be pious.Don't move a muscle —tune in to hear all the explosive details and the facts … not the fiction, about Tren De Aragua! Follow our sponsors:  Newsly & Feedspot.Follow this link to the ASMR video on X.We want to hear from you!

Hosts: Leah Murray and Greg Skordas  The philosopher George Santayana said it best: "Those who forget their history are condemned to repeat it." It's been a quote used by history teachers and professors for more than 100 years, showing the importance of learning our history. But history isn't always pretty -- it can be raw, ugly, and absolutely terrible. President Trump's administration says it wants to erase the kind of shame associated with those awful events. But is that the best move... to ensure we don't repeat the atrocities of the past? 

Hosts: Leah Murray and Greg Skordas  SCOTUS chimes in on wrongful deportation case  The fight over the future of a Maryland man wrongly deported to an El Salvador prison continues today. Last night, the Supreme Court said the man must be returned to the United States but also said that the courts can't just tell the executive branch how to bring the man home. The Supreme Court passed the case back to the lower courts, who held a hearing earlier today. The Inside Sources discuss the latest on the case.    Can non-citizens be deported for their beliefs?   Columbia University activist Mahmoud Khalil is a legal permanent U.S. resident. But the government is trying to deport him for his alleged antisemetic beliefs. The federal government was ordered to turn over evidence to the courts explaining why they felt he should be deported; instead, they submitted a brief memo in which Secretary of State Marco Rubio says Khalil could be expelled for his beliefs. Can a non-citizen be deported for their beliefs? It’s a little complicated... The Inside Sources hosts explain.    Senator John Curtis explains some recent initiatives with Inside Sources  Energy dominance doesn't come without a cost. And while Congress works on the full budget and tax package, Senator John Curtis (R-UT) is asking Congressional leaders to keep some of the energy tax credits put in place by the Biden Administration. Senator Curtis is also looking at ways to fix and improve our forests -- something we here in the West are all-too-familiar with. The Senator joins the program to discuss both of these initiatives.    Utah leaders hope to turn state into an AI hub following trade mission to Canada  Artificial intelligence -- it's one of the biggest buzzwords in technology right now. And in a technology-friendly state like Utah, the inclusion of AI is all but guaranteed. This week, Governor Cox and other Utah leaders have been travelling through Canada, meeting leaders in energy and AI. Now, that trade delegation is hoping to take what they learned and make Utah the next global hub of artificial intelligence.    Utahns involved in Congo coup attempt now facing charges in the US  You may recall an interesting story from several months ago about a couple of Utahns being involved in an attempted coup in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Those men were imprisoned in the country and faced the death penalty... until this week. Now, they're back in the United States facing additional charges. It's a bit of a complicated situation, so KSL Legal Analyst Greg Skordas breaks it down.    Trump administration wants more federal oversight of Columbia University  Schools that receive federal funding often must do certain things to keep that money (Title IX is a good example -- schools must not discriminate based on sex). But to what extent can the federal government enforce that? The Trump administration says that for Columbia University -- which was a central part of the pro-Palestinian protests last year -- to keep their funding, they need to allow more federal control and oversight.    Erasing shame or erasing history  The philosopher George Santayana said it best: "Those who forget their history are condemned to repeat it." It's been a quote used by history teachers and professors for more than 100 years, showing the importance of learning our history. But history isn't always pretty -- it can be raw, ugly, and absolutely terrible. President Trump's administration says it wants to erase the kind of shame associated with those awful events. But is that the best move... to ensure we don't repeat the atrocities of the past?    Resources for people experiencing homelessness  People experiencing homelessness tend to face some unique challenges most of us might not think of. To help with some of these unique issues, the courts hold a kind of homeless outreach program. Greg Skordas took part in some of that this morning; he talks about it with co-host Leah Murray.   

Daily QuoteWinter is the trial of the soul, a test of man's endurance. (George Santayana)Poem of the Day雪梅卢梅坡Beauty of WordsThe Pond in WinterHenry David Thoreau

The Re-Education host Eli Lake has a new show called Breaking History, brought to you by The Free Press. Breaking History breaks down the news, by breaking down history. Host Eli Lake covers everything from LBJ and the Roman Republic to Donald Trump and the chaos at Columbia. This twice a month show from The Free Press delivers the best historians, authors, and reporters by mining the archives of human experience to figure out the present. George Santayana wrote, “Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” Follow the new show Breaking History to resist the repetition. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/breaking-history/id1790502779 

SUMMARY  **Starting Again: Embracing Fresh Starts** In this insightful discussion, the speaker reflects on the theme of starting anew, drawing parallels with the beloved character Charlie Brown and his repeated attempts to kick a football. The narrative explores the reasons behind our tendency to repeat mistakes, despite having opportunities for fresh starts in life. ### Key Themes: - **Traditions and Change**: The speaker begins by contemplating how some traditions fade away and expresses a desire to turn back time and start again. - **Charlie Brown's Struggles**: The speaker uses Charlie Brown's iconic football scenario to illustrate the human experience of hope and disappointment. Despite numerous failures, Charlie Brown continues to believe that the next attempt will be different. - **Learning from History**: The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding our past to avoid repeating mistakes. The quote from George Santayana, "Those who cannot remember their past are condemned to repeat it," serves as a reminder of this principle. - **Misleading Assumptions**: The speaker identifies three common misconceptions that lead to repeated mistakes:     1. **Experience Equals Improvement**: Just because we have experience does not guarantee that the next attempt will be successful.    2. **Knowledge Leads to Better Choices**: Knowing better does not always translate to better decisions, as emotions and temptations often influence our actions.    3. **Time Pressure**: The urgency to act can lead to hasty decisions, while patience is often necessary for true growth and healing. - **Cyclical Nature of Time**: The speaker highlights how God has structured time in a cyclical manner, allowing for daily, weekly, and yearly fresh starts. However, many people fail to take advantage of these opportunities. - **The Importance of Reflection**: The message encourages self-reflection and the need to apologize and learn from past actions to foster better relationships and decisions moving forward. In conclusion, the speaker invites listeners to embrace the concept of starting again, recognizing that every day offers a new opportunity for growth and change. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1. **Personal Reflection**: Can you recall a time when you had the opportunity to start again? What motivated you to take that chance, and what was the outcome? 2. **Charlie Brown's Experience**: How do you relate to Charlie Brown's repeated attempts to kick the football? Have you ever found yourself in a similar situation where you kept trying despite past failures? 3. **Learning from Mistakes**: The speaker mentions the importance of understanding our past to avoid repeating mistakes. What strategies do you use to reflect on your past experiences and learn from them? 4. **Misleading Assumptions**: Which of the three misleading assumptions (experience equals improvement, knowledge leads to better choices, time pressure) resonates most with you? Can you share an example from your life? 5. **Cyclical Nature of Time**: How do you perceive the cyclical nature of time in your own life? Do you find it easy or challenging to embrace fresh starts on a daily, weekly, or yearly basis? 6. **Patience vs. Urgency**: In what areas of your life do you feel pressured to act quickly? How can you practice patience in those situations to make more thoughtful decisions? 7. **Impact of Relationships**: How do past relationships influence your current decisions? What steps can you take to ensure that you don't repeat the same mistakes in future relationships? 8. **Role of Apologies**: The speaker suggests that an apology might change the dynamics of a situation. How important do you think it is to apologize in order to move forward? Can you share an experience where an apology made a difference? 9. **Fresh Starts**: What are some practical ways you can create opportunities for fresh starts in your personal or professional life? 10. **Support Systems**: How can friends, family, or mentors support you in your journey of starting again? What role do they play in helping you learn from past experiences?

Rebroadcast: this episode was originally released in November 2022.Is war in long-term decline? Steven Pinker's The Better Angels of Our Nature brought this previously obscure academic question to the centre of public debate, and pointed to rates of death in war to argue energetically that war is on the way out.But that idea divides war scholars and statisticians, and so Better Angels has prompted a spirited debate, with datasets and statistical analyses exchanged back and forth year after year. The lack of consensus has left a somewhat bewildered public (including host Rob Wiblin) unsure quite what to believe.Today's guest, professor in political science Bear Braumoeller, is one of the scholars who believes we lack convincing evidence that warlikeness is in long-term decline. He collected the analysis that led him to that conclusion in his 2019 book, Only the Dead: The Persistence of War in the Modern Age.Links to learn more, highlights, and full transcript.The question is of great practical importance. The US and PRC are entering a period of renewed great power competition, with Taiwan as a potential trigger for war, and Russia is once more invading and attempting to annex the territory of its neighbours.If war has been going out of fashion since the start of the Enlightenment, we might console ourselves that however nerve-wracking these present circumstances may feel, modern culture will throw up powerful barriers to another world war. But if we're as war-prone as we ever have been, one need only inspect the record of the 20th century to recoil in horror at what might await us in the 21st.Bear argues that the second reaction is the appropriate one. The world has gone up in flames many times through history, with roughly 0.5% of the population dying in the Napoleonic Wars, 1% in World War I, 3% in World War II, and perhaps 10% during the Mongol conquests. And with no reason to think similar catastrophes are any less likely today, complacency could lead us to sleepwalk into disaster.He gets to this conclusion primarily by analysing the datasets of the decades-old Correlates of War project, which aspires to track all interstate conflicts and battlefield deaths since 1815. In Only the Dead, he chops up and inspects this data dozens of different ways, to test if there are any shifts over time which seem larger than what could be explained by chance variation alone.In a nutshell, Bear simply finds no general trend in either direction from 1815 through today. It seems like, as philosopher George Santayana lamented in 1922, "only the dead have seen the end of war."In today's conversation, Bear and Rob discuss all of the above in more detail than even a usual 80,000 Hours podcast episode, as well as:Why haven't modern ideas about the immorality of violence led to the decline of war, when it's such a natural thing to expect?What would Bear's critics say in response to all this?What do the optimists get right?How does one do proper statistical tests for events that are clumped together, like war deaths?Why are deaths in war so concentrated in a handful of the most extreme events?Did the ideas of the Enlightenment promote nonviolence, on balance?Were early states more or less violent than groups of hunter-gatherers?If Bear is right, what can be done?How did the 'Concert of Europe' or 'Bismarckian system' maintain peace in the 19th century?Which wars are remarkable but largely unknown?Chapters:Cold open (00:00:00)Rob's intro (00:01:01)The interview begins (00:05:37)Only the Dead (00:08:33)The Enlightenment (00:18:50)Democratic peace theory (00:28:26)Is religion a key driver of war? (00:31:32)International orders (00:35:14)The Concert of Europe (00:44:21)The Bismarckian system (00:55:49)The current international order (01:00:22)The Better Angels of Our Nature (01:19:36)War datasets (01:34:09)Seeing patterns in data where none exist (01:47:38)Change-point analysis (01:51:39)Rates of violent death throughout history (01:56:39)War initiation (02:05:02)Escalation (02:20:03)Getting massively different results from the same data (02:30:45)How worried we should be (02:36:13)Most likely ways Only the Dead is wrong (02:38:31)Astonishing smaller wars (02:42:45)Rob's outro (02:47:13)Producer: Keiran HarrisAudio mastering: Ryan KesslerTranscriptions: Katy Moore

Daily QuoteWinter is the trial of the soul, a test of man's endurance. (George Santayana)Poem of the DayWinter MorningAlexander PushkinBeauty of WordsThe Snow Queen in Seven StoriesHans Christian AndersenStory the FirstWhich Has to Do with a Mirror and its Fragments

Daily QuoteWhat governs the Englishman is his inner atmosphere, the weather in his soul. (George Santayana)Poem of the DayImagesRichard AldingtonBeauty of Words最后一圈何为

Daily QuoteWhat governs the Englishman is his inner atmosphere, the weather in his soul. (George Santayana)Poem of the DayImagesRichard AldingtonBeauty of WordsThe Remains of the DayBy Kazuo Ishiguro

Coach uses a discussion with a college friend who was using a history major to prove his value in the world of marketing as the beginning of a "lesson" on why a history education is important (He believes all teachers should be able to share where their content is important, or what's the point for their students to learn it) He provides the major points he discusses with his students, including quotes from George Santayana, CS Lewis, George Orwell, and Issac Newton. He even gets "involved' in the 2024 Presidential Election by discussing a member of the MN State Department of Education that Governor Walz appointed that is a proponent of changing the way Americans look at their past (not in a positive way) One thing that will be emphasized is that a history education should keep us humble; being unguarded to accept evil practices as good.

Before the beginning of World War II, during the time of the Modernist movement in philosophy, George Santayana wrote these five descriptive essays. He examined John Locke's sensationalism, British Idealism, the “Theory of Relativity”, Freud's psychology, and Julien Benda's preachment on the relations between God and the world. Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Before the beginning of World War II, during the time of the Modernist movement in philosophy, George Santayana wrote these five descriptive essays. He examined John Locke's sensationalism, British Idealism, the “Theory of Relativity”, Freud's psychology, and Julien Benda's preachment on the relations between God and the world. Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Before the beginning of World War II, during the time of the Modernist movement in philosophy, George Santayana wrote these five descriptive essays. He examined John Locke's sensationalism, British Idealism, the “Theory of Relativity”, Freud's psychology, and Julien Benda's preachment on the relations between God and the world. Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Transformation Tip:  “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” – George Santayana,This week's talent: ContextIntrinsic needs:To know others' stories, to understand them To know the history of things Time to reflect on the past Celebrate milestonesPotential blindspots:Some people might think that you live in the past and are resistant to change. You are often fascinated by the historical perspective and the lessons it reveals, but others may find this information boring or overwhelming. Transformation Application:  Pay attention if you've lost the interest of people in your explanationsConnect On Social: Podcast Facebook Page Steve Facebook Steve Instagram Steve LinkedIn Pete Facebook Pete Instagram Pete LinkedIn

Send us a Text Message.This week we dive into the issue , in a sinking boat are you safer with a battery or a shark, the Hunter Biden verdict , how the Justice system actually works and after watching Hitler And The Zazis : Evil On Trial we get into the subject of Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it This quote is often attributed to philosopher George Santayana from his 1905 work The Life of Reason. However, the full quote is actually "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it".              Given the state of the world it looks like repeat. So join us for a history lesson on Adolph Hitler and the comparison of the world today Follow us at Reality Redemption on Facebook, Instagram, Threads and Tik Tok

“When your children shall ask their fathers in time to come, saying, What mean these stones? Then ye shall let your children know.” (Joshua 4:21-22) The poet George Santayana once said, &ldqu... More...

“When your children shall ask their fathers in time to come, saying, What mean these stones? Then ye shall let your children know.” (Joshua 4:21-22) The poet George Santayana once said, &ldqu... More...

"Aquellos que no pueden recordar el pasado están condenados a repetirlo", dijo George Santayana, uno de los filósofos con pasaporte español más reconocidos internacionalmente durante el siglo XX. De él hablamos con Antonio Lastra, doctor en filosofía y autor de la antología 'George Santayana. Una antología del espíritu'. El gatopardo de la noche ha sido Lichis que, tras una trayectoria de más de 20 años, haber estado en lo más alto y haber tocado fondo, acaba de publicar su sexto disco, 'Óxido'. Como cada martes, Alejandro Pelayo se asoma al piano de la SER. 

Dr. Dan McMillan JD PhD obtained his PhD from Columbia University and his J.D. from Fordham Law School. Dr. McMillan worked as a history professor and prosecuting attorney. His first book How Could This Happen: Explaining the Holocaust. Next, he turned his sights on Get the Money out of Politics: The Time is Now. We'll examine as George Santayana stated: “How those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it.” https://drdanmcmillan,com we'll “Discover “5 Secret Ways Money Enters Elections.” Also Executive Director, Save Democracy in America https://savedemocracyinamerica.org/ Author of How Could This Happen: Explaining the Holocaust (Basic Books, 2014)

Sam Harris speaks with John Gray about the possibility of moral and political progress. They discuss historical and current threats to freedom of thought, the limits of law, the spread of dangerous technology, failures of convergence on norms and values, Arthur Koestler, de-industrialization in Europe, fellow travelers and the progressive embrace of barbarism, Bertrand Russell, the absurdity of pacifism, utilitarianism, the moral landscape, George Santayana, moral and scientific realism, pragmatism, atheism, Schopenhauer, liberalism as an historical accident, and other topics. If the Making Sense podcast logo in your player is BLACK, you can SUBSCRIBE to gain access to all full-length episodes at samharris.org/subscribe. Learning how to train your mind is the single greatest investment you can make in life. That's why Sam Harris created the Waking Up app. From rational mindfulness practice to lessons on some of life's most important topics, join Sam as he demystifies the practice of meditation and explores the theory behind it.

Share this episode: https://www.samharris.org/podcasts/making-sense-episodes/354-is-moral-progress-a-fantasy Sam Harris speaks with John Gray about the possibility of moral and political progress. They discuss historical and current threats to freedom of thought, the limits of law, the spread of dangerous technology, failures of convergence on norms and values, Arthur Koestler, de-industrialization in Europe, fellow travelers and the progressive embrace of barbarism, Bertrand Russell, the absurdity of pacifism, utilitarianism, the moral landscape, George Santayana, moral and scientific realism, pragmatism, atheism, Schopenhauer, liberalism as an historical accident, and other topics. John Gray is the author of many critically acclaimed books, including The Silence of Animals, The Immortalization Commission, Black Mass, and Straw Dogs. His latest book is The New Leviathans: Thoughts After Liberalism. He is a regular contributor to The New York Review of Books, and he has been a professor of politics at Oxford, a visiting professor at Harvard and Yale, and a professor of European thought at the London School of Economics. He now writes full-time. Website: https://www.newstatesman.com/author/john-gray Learning how to train your mind is the single greatest investment you can make in life. That’s why Sam Harris created the Waking Up app. From rational mindfulness practice to lessons on some of life’s most important topics, join Sam as he demystifies the practice of meditation and explores the theory behind it.

George Santayana once said, “The family is one of nature's masterpieces.” That sentiment is echoed on this episode of The PVDcast. My guest is indie comic book creator, Dave Brown Jr. We talk about his catalog of comics featuring The Brown Family, an autobiographical comic about Dave's family, 313, an urban crime drama and several other comics. We also converse about his career in art, his fandom for Bruce Lee and many other pop culture topics. So, gather up the family and check out this fun and fabulous episode.  Don't forget to rate, review and subscribe to the show & new episodes of The PVDcast drop every Thursday!

““Humanism is the only — I would go so far as saying the final — resistance we have against the inhuman practices and injustices that disfigure human history.” – Edward W. Said was a University Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University. “My atheism, like that of Spinoza, is true piety towards the universe and denies only gods fashioned by men in their own image, to be servants of their human interests.” — George Santayana was a philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist. “We are talking about a society in which there will be no roles other than those chosen, or earned. We are really talking about humanism.” – Gloria Steinem, feminist and author. “Faith in God necessarily implies a lack of faith in humanity.” – Barbara G. Walker is the author of Man Made God and The Woman's Encyclopedia of Myths and Secrets. “Faith in God means believing absolutely in something with no proof whatsoever. Faith in humanity means believing absolutely in something with a huge amount of proof to the contrary. We are the true believers.” – Joss Whedon is an American screenwriter, film and television director and producer, composer and actor. “I believe in God, only I spell it Nature.” – Frank Lloyd Wright was an American architect, interior designer, writer, and educator. There doesn't need to be a god for me. There's something in people that's spiritual, that's godlike.” – Angelina Jolie, actor. “What I'm asking you to entertain is that there is nothing we need to believe on insufficient evidence in order to have deeply ethical and spiritual lives.” – Sam Harris, an American author, philosopher, and neuroscientist, is the co-founder and chief executive of Project Reason. He is the author of The End of Faith and Letter to a Christian Nation. “I'm an atheist and that's it. I believe there's nothing we can know except that we should be kind to each other and do what we can for other people.” – Katharine Hepburn, actor. “It is quite possible to be an atheist and be quite deluded about other things other than religion. ‘A-theism' is an empty category. ‘Humanism' may be deluded about human potential, but at least it is a hopeful and non-exclusionary delusion!” – Joyce Carol Oates AHA Humanist of the Year and prolific author. “Atheism is more than just the knowledge that gods do not exist, and that religion is either a mistake or a fraud. Atheism is an attitude, a frame of mind that looks at the world objectively, fearlessly, always trying to understand all things as a part of nature.” – Carl Sagan was an American astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, and science popularize. In 1981 he received the AHA's Humanist of the Year award. “I have something to say (about atheists) to the religionist who feels atheists never say anything positive: You are an intelligent human being. Your life is valuable for its own sake. You are not second-class in the universe, deriving meaning and purpose from some other mind. You are not inherently evil — you are inherently human, possessing the positive rational potential to help make this world of morality, peace and joy. Trust yourself” – Dan Barker is the co-president of the Freedom From Religion Foundation. “I have known many good people who did not believe in God. But I have never known a human being who was good who did not believe in people.” – John Lovejoy Elliott was an Ethical Culture Leader at the New York Society for Ethical Culture. An Atheist and Humanist Conversation A group of current and historical atheists and humanists communicate the often intertwined nature of humanism and atheism clearly.” -American Humanist Association. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/antonio-myers4/support

In the previous episode that took place in March of 1965, I mentioned that although we didn't know it, the western world was entering into the early stages of a turbulent upheaval that would eventually revolutionize human consciousness on a global level. As one of the seventy million American baby boomers who were busy growing up at the time, I was heading right into it, as well. In the chapter of “Wilt, Ike & Me” that was included in the episode, I had made mention of three critical factors that would become significant influences in shaping the upcoming changes – John F. Kennedy, Bob Dylan, and marijuana. Like the subterranean movements of massive Teutonic plates, the foundational reverberations from these powerful forces were about to unleash a major earthquake. As with the rest of us who lived through that era, I was radically changed by it, and I'm going to present some of the deeper impressions that it made on me. But before I do, there are a few things I would like to point out.  First, during that time I was exposed to a combination of events and influences that changed the trajectory of my entire life, and ultimately, personal growth became my primary focus. So, I tend to view things from that particular perspective. Of course, there are many other ways of looking at what happened back then and mine is only one of them.  I will also include some profound events that happened to me which opened my eyes to a larger vision of what human intelligence can become, which inspired me to reach for higher ground. I continue to be a work in progress, but so is everyone else who is still alive. Regardless of your hopes and dreams, if you want to move forward, you always have to start from where you are. And as any great card player will tell you – the trick to the game is in learning how to play the hand you're dealt.  Regarding the societal history of what happened, some of what I am about to discuss can be proven and some of it cannot. But presenting historical fact is not the purpose here. And besides, history isn't always what it's cracked up to be. According to George Santayana, the renowned American philosopher and educator, “History is a pack of lies about events that never happened…told by people who weren't there.” As with the content of all these podcasts, the information that follows will simply be presented for your consideration. My suggestion is that you just take it and see what it does for you.   This episode is going to focus on JFK. We'll get to Dylan and marijuana a little later. For now, we want to look at one essential aspect of JFK's presidency, particularly his emergence as a champion of world peace.    Let's start weaving this tapestry of time on January 17, 1961, when President Dwight D. Eisenhower gave his Farewell Speech to the country. Before he became president, Eisenhower was the quintessential military man. He had graduated West Point in 1915 and remained on active duty in the army for thirty-three consecutive years. A five-star general in WWII, he served as the Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe, directing the allies to victory in that grueling six-year tragedy that claimed the lives of 15 million soldiers and 38 million civilians. So, it's three days before he's about to leave office, and the soldier/president is bidding farewell to the people of the republic that he had served for his entire life. And what does say to them? Well, at one point, he issued them a stern, now-famous warning. “In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex,” he said.  “The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist. We must never let the weight of this combination endanger our liberties or democratic processes. We should take nothing for granted.” If you wonder that he meant by all this, it can be summed up in one simple, but simply dreadful fact – warfare had become extremely profitable. Both the constant threat of war, as well as its execution, creates an enormous, constant, and ongoing cashflow, regularly generating massive profits. This makes it inherently dangerous, because of an inherently dangerous aspect of our current mentality – when it comes to being right or being rich, a lot of us will choose to take the money, regardless of the consequences. Our world is rife with examples of the unenlightened rationales that we use to justify our misguided actions, which are incredibly short-sighted to say the least.   In his speech, Eisenhower was the first one to coin the term, the “Military Industrial Complex,” which delineated the network of dependencies and relationships that exist between the government, the military, and powerful defense contractors. With his decades of military experience, he warned that we must never let the weight of this combination endanger our liberties or democratic processes. He said that it was the unwarranted influences by the complex that posed the potential risk, due to the disastrous rise of misplaced power that could come from it. In other words, policy could become driven by profit.   When it comes to gaining influence, nothing beats just plain buying it, which is a practice that human beings began perfecting almost as soon as soon as they created money. In modern times, money spent on lobbying congress is a reliable barometer for tracking influence sought.  In 2022, the defense industry spent over $125 million in lobbying and its affiliates contributed another $17.5 million to the reelection of certain members of congress. A total of $858 billion was spent on US defense that year. Now this is a number we readily accept today. It continues year in and year out. But in 1961, it was unthinkable. It reminds me of what Deep Throat said to Woodward and Bernstein in “All the President's Men” about solving the mystery of Watergate, when he told them, “Just follow the money.” Three days after giving his farewell speech, Eisenhower, the oldest man ever elected president at age 70, passed the gavel to the youngest man ever elected – John F. Kennedy, at age 43. And in many deeply profound ways, the old was giving way to the new. We're going to jump ahead a little bit here. We're going to move forward 646 days, from inauguration day, Jan. 21, 1961, to October 27, 1962, which is considered by some to be the most significant day in human history which most people have never heard of.    Of course, John F. Kennedy is one of the most famous figures in all American history and he has been the topic of over 40,000 books, so I'm quite sure you've heard of him. But I'm also just as sure that you've probably never heard of someone named Vasily Arkhipov. But these were two of the key players on that fateful day.   As you may have guessed, it was at the very height of the incredibly dangerous Cuban Missile Crisis. Kennedy had recently learned that Russia had installed a significant number of nuclear missiles in Cuba that were easily capable of inflicting severe damage on over half of the United States. The President had put in place a naval embargo, blocking all cargo into Cuba. Ominous threats between the two countries had been escalating and hostilities were rapidly building. Then, earlier on that October day, Russia had shot down a US spy plane, killing the pilot. In America, Kennedy's military staff was calling for an immediate counter attack. Meanwhile, the Russian commanders were demanding that Khrushchev take significant military action as well. Castro even wired Khrushchev calling for him to launch a nuclear missile targeted at Florida. In the extremely volatile situation, things had clearly gone from bad to worse. Meanwhile, four Russian submarines were secretly lurking in the waters near the blockade and unbeknownst to US intelligence, they were armed with nuclear torpedoes. At one point, the battery died aboard one of the Russian submarines, the B-59, and it lost all communication with the outside world, including with its command center. One of the major US destroyers in the area, the Charles B. Cecil, suddenly detected the sub and began dropping mini depth charges into the water to force it to come to the surface and identify itself. On top of all this, the sub had lost its air conditioning and was running low on oxygen. The crew had become extremely anxious and it was getting worse.  Believing that the war between the US and Russia had already begun, the captain started to prepare to launch one of their nuclear torpedoes. He would make a pre-emptive strike and blow the US destroyer out of the water. Fortunately, though, the Russian rules of engagement dictated that the decision to fire a nuclear weapon had to be unanimous among all three commanders of the ship. At 34 years old Vasily Arkhipov, the guy you never heard of, was second in command and he resolutely refused to endorse the action of launching the torpedo. Instead, he went against the captain, insisting that in a non-combative stance, the sub should rise to the surface and identify itself. An intense argument ensued for quite a while, but Arkhipov stood his ground and in accordance with the Russian rules, he blocked the launch. Finally, they decided to bring the B-59 to the surface. The two ships signaled each other of peaceful intentions. The Cecil stood down and the situation ended without further incident. Over the next few days, with a round of intense back-channel diplomacy between Kennedy and Khruschev the entire crisis was finally resolved. It may not sound like much now that sixty years of history have gone by, but many scholars consider that moment on October 27 to be the closest humanity has ever come to a full-scale nuclear war, with all the tragedy that could have ensued. If Arkhipov had complied with the captain's order and that Russian sub had sunk the American destroyer with a nuclear torpedo, all hell might have broken loose and we don't know what might have happened. We do know that Russia and America had major nuclear arsenals pointed at each other that were ready to launch at a moment's notice. And those weapons were about a thousand times more powerful than the bomb that was dropped on Hiroshima, which killed about 100,000 people. If things had gotten out of hand, which could have easily happened, it is quite possible that fifty million people could have been killed within an hour or so. More casualties that took place during the six years of World War Two, would have been caused in less than a day. Kennedy had been deeply moved by the entire episode. He headed the US position hands on, making all the key decisions from beginning to end and he knew how close we had come to a major, human-caused catastrophe. He may or may not have known that just one 34-year-old man, standing on his own, outside the chain of command, made a decision that saved millions of lives.  But Kennedy was a renowned student of history and had earlier passed around a book to his staff called “The Guns of August,” which told the story of how World War I took place due to a series of reckless mistakes coupled with poor diplomacy, and he fully understood what could have happened. He knew what was in his hands and he knew what he had to do.   We'll stop here for now, but sometime after this harrowing incident JFK began to transform into an active proponent for peace. As the tale continues in the next episode, we'll get into some fascinating theories about JFK's metamorphosis. And then we have Dylan, marijuana, LSD and the Beatles on the horizon. So, essentially, the story is just beginning… As always, keep your eyes, mind, and heart open, and let's get together in the next one.

In this episode of the Energy News Beat Daily Standup - Weekly Recap, the hosts discuss various energy-related topics. They touch on Ford's patent for self-driving cars that may drive away due to missed payments, highlighting the potential second-order effects of such technology. The conversation then shifts to the Biden administration's proposed natural gas tax, seen as a crackdown on fossil fuels. The hosts express concerns about its impact on smaller oil and gas operators. They also discuss the current challenges in the energy sector, such as frozen gas wells and record-breaking demand for natural gas during a winter freeze. The hosts criticize the Biden administration's policies, including potential restrictions on natural gas exports, and mention the need for reform in organizations like the EIA and IEA. The podcast touches on Occidental's CEO, Vicki Hollub, attending Davos and her views on the future oil market. Overall, the hosts provide a mix of news, analysis, and commentary on recent developments in the energy industry.Highlights of the Podcast00:00 - Intro00:41 - Would you buy a Ford self-driving car that would automatically drive to a repo company if you missed a payment?03:03 - Biden admin issues new natural gas tax in latest fossil fuel crackdown05:19 - Winter Freeze Cuts U.S. Natural Gas Output07:39 - Op-Ed: New report highlights Green failure in Europe and warns America10:17 - What a second Trump term could mean for US oil and gas12:12 - Biden Weighs Banning Natural Gas Exports to Save the Climate14:16 - Market to be short oil from 2025 onwards, Occidental CEO at Davos16:46 - OutroPlease see the links below for articles that we discuss in the podcast. Would you buy a Ford self-driving car that would automatically drive to a repo company if you missed a payment? January 13, 2024Would you buy a Ford self-driving car that would automatically drive to a repo company if you missed a payment? Ford is on time for in the process of a patent application for self-driving cars […]Biden admin issues new natural gas tax in latest fossil fuel crackdownJanuary 13, 2024Larry Kudlow: ‘Global warming is a hoax' Fox Business host Larry Kudlow unloads on the Biden administration's environmental agenda and EV push on ‘America Reports.' Watch the latest video at foxnews.com The Biden administration unveiled a new […]Winter Freeze Cuts U.S. Natural Gas OutputJanuary 15, 2024Sub-zero temperatures in much of the United States have frozen gas wells, leading to the drop in production to the lowest in 11 months, Reuters has reported, citing local data. The report added that demand for […]Op-Ed: New report highlights Green failure in Europe and warns AmericaJanuary 16, 2024 As one digests Rupert Darwall's latest report for the RealClear Foundation, the well-known quote from Spanish philosopher George Santayana might ring through the mind: “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” […]What a second Trump term could mean for US oil and gasJanuary 16, 2024 “Nothing is more uncertain than the general public,” the Roman orator Cicero said, and it is as true now as it was in 62 BCE. The next US presidential election is still almost 10 months […]Biden Weighs Banning Natural Gas Exports to Save the ClimateJanuary 17, 2024 Climate Test for Natural Gas Exports Politco notes Biden's Aides Weigh Climate Test for Natural Gas Exports. The Biden administration is launching a review that could tap the brakes on the booming U.S. natural gas export […]Market to be short oil from 2025 onwards, Occidental CEO at DavosJanuary 17, 2024 “In the near term, the markets are not balanced; supply, demand is not balanced,” Hollub said, adding that: “2025 and beyond is when the world is going to be short of oil”. Hollub said that […]Follow Stuart On LinkedIn and TwitterFollow Michael On LinkedIn and TwitterENB Top NewsENBEnergy DashboardENB PodcastENB Substack– Get in Contact With The Show – 

In this episode of the Energy News Beat Daily Standup, top headlines include LNG tankers diverting from the Red Sea due to warnings of escalation from Qatar, concerns about the grid's performance in extreme weather, an op-ed highlighting green failures in Europe as a warning to America, challenges to Biden's trillion-dollar climate agenda, and a discussion on what a second term for Trump could mean for the U.S. oil and gas business. The hosts also touch on oil and gas market movements, the impact of climate policies on energy costs, and the World Economic Forum's meeting in Davos. There's humor injected throughout, including mentions of John Kerry's staff salaries and the potential show appearance of Klaus Schwab from the World Economic Forum.Highlights of the Podcast00:00 - Intro01:36 - LNG Tankers Divert From Red Sea as Qatar Warns of Escalation03:20 - No calling in sick or waiting for a nice day – the grid has to perform on the worst of them06:16 - Op-Ed: New report highlights Green failure in Europe and warns America08:56 - Biden's trillion dollar climate agenda is blowing up and John Kerry has a lot to answer for10:35 - What a second Trump term could mean for US oil and gas12:42 - Markets Update14:14 - OutroPlease see the links below for articles that we discuss in the podcast.LNG Tankers Divert From Red Sea as Qatar Warns of EscalationQatar rerouted three vessels heading to Europe via Suez Canal Russia also avoiding key waterway as Houthi attacks continue Liquefied natural gas suppliers, including Qatar and Russia, are avoiding the Red Sea amid heightened risk […]No calling in sick or waiting for a nice day – the grid has to perform on the worst of themSaturday night, the middle of the cold snap, was something to be endured. Things break at -36 degrees. A quick run to the grocery store was rerouted by a fleet of city vehicles tearing up […]Op-Ed: New report highlights Green failure in Europe and warns AmericaAs one digests Rupert Darwall's latest report for the RealClear Foundation, the well-known quote from Spanish philosopher George Santayana might ring through the mind: “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” […]Biden's trillion dollar climate agenda is blowing up and John Kerry has a lot to answer forNo wonder John Kerry is stepping down as climate czar. Joe Biden's trillion-dollar green agenda is blowing up, and no one is more closely tied to the fast-deflating boondoggle than John Kerry. The push for electric vehicles […]What a second Trump term could mean for US oil and gas“Nothing is more uncertain than the general public,” the Roman orator Cicero said, and it is as true now as it was in 62 BCE. The next US presidential election is still almost 10 months […]Follow Stuart On LinkedIn and TwitterFollow Michael On LinkedIn and TwitterENB Top NewsENBEnergy DashboardENB PodcastENB Substack– Get in Contact With The Show – 

Dr. Dan McMillan JD PhD obtained his PhD from Columbia University and his J.D. from Fordham Law School. Dr. McMillan worked as a history professor and prosecuting attorney. His first book How Could This Happen: Explaining the Holocaust. Next, he turned his sights on Get the Money out of Politics: The Time is Now. We'll examine as George Santayana stated: “How those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it.” https://drdanmcmillan,com we'll “Discover “5 Secret Ways Money Enters Elections.” Also Executive Director, Save Democracy in America https://savedemocracyinamerica.org/ Author of How Could This Happen: Explaining the Holocaust (Basic Books, 2014)

Dr. Dan McMillan JD PhD obtained his PhD from Columbia University and his J.D. from Fordham Law School. Dr. McMillan worked as a history professor and prosecuting attorney. His first book How Could This Happen: Explaining the Holocaust. Next, he turned his sights on Get the Money out of Politics: The Time is Now. We'll examine as George Santayana stated: “How those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it.” https://drdanmcmillan,com we'll “Discover “5 Secret Ways Money Enters Elections.” Executive Director, Save Democracy in America https://savedemocracyinamerica.org/ Author of How Could This Happen: Explaining the Holocaust (Basic Books, 2014)

George Santayana's heavily used quote, "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it," is undoubtedly true. But can the lack of historical understanding in America be chalked up to simple ignorance, or is it a calculated agenda to subvert the spread of America's religious, moral, and constitutional heritage to youth? Jane Cook, former White House communications staffer, ... The post Former White House Staffer Reveals Agenda to Hide History from Youth appeared first on The New American.

We met with business magnate and patriotic philanthropist, David Rubenstein, to discuss his new PBS series - Iconic America. This entertaining and informative eight-part series is an exploration of our glorious and inglorious history as symbolized by eight key American icons. For students of history, our conversation illuminates some of the key stories revealed in the series, as well as some of their backstories and a little inside baseball. For fans of David Rubenstein himself, our conversation dipped into his origins, his motivations, his successes and his aspirations. Rubenstein is a believer and a beneficiary of the "American Dream," and his philanthropy supports this country's further perfection of the dream. Convinced that we ignored George Santayana's advice and are making some of the same mistakes of our past, Iconic America is an enticing invitation to dig deeper and learn more. Join us.

Welcome to a special edition of the Alpha Exchange, one in which your host and guest are one and the same. Above all, our conversations on this podcast are aimed at helping you think about risk. After all, it was the Spanish philosopher George Santayana who famously said, “those who forget history are doomed to repeat it.”This podcast has three parts. First, an update on a project I've been working on, MacroMinds. I created this foundation back in 2019 to raise funding for causes in the NY area focused on student education. Our “business model” is simple – host a once a year, highly differentiated symposium featuring industry leaders who share their insights on the remarkably complex world of investing. On June 7th in NYC, we are doing just that, and I could not be more excited about our incredible agenda.Second, I review a couple of prices in the world of optionality and what they mean in the context of today's risk dynamics. Specifically, I discuss the fast widening level of CDS written on the US as the reference asset. In the context of the unfolding debt ceiling drama, this instrument is worth keeping an eye on. Next, I review the change in the volatility surface on gold, specifically the emerging bid to upside calls.Lastly, I review some work I did a number of years ago, which I call, simply, “Ten Handy Facts on Vol”. These are characteristics of the behavior of volatility in asset prices and the options that are written on them. I hope you find some value in this exercise and I thank you for listening.

A prediction about Tucker Carlson and “If I were the Devil”, 2023 version Let's remember from a good teacher--and great radio man--the Devil is real and he seeks to devour us. Let's also remember God has already won, and we can be in victory with Him. “If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle.”― Sun Tzu, The Art of War“Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.” – George Santayana, The Life of Reason, 1905. From the series Great Ideas of Western Man.Shannon M., Washington, ILTodd:I've been listening to your podcast for a few months now and subscribed because I appreciate your Christ-centered analysis of current events. Your careful choice of words and direct confrontation of evil and subversive movements resonates with me. That is why I am wondering why you keep using King James language for the 10 Commandments, but say "thouT" instead of "thou". Is it just an unconscious thing because of the "T" on the end of shallt? Not a reason for me to stop listening, just wondering why such an articulate person would repeatedly misspeak such a frequent phrase.Keep fighting the good fight!Shannon M.Washington, IL--- --- --- --- Larry, Geneva, Illinois Hi Todd,i'm a regular listener, and have been since discovering you on Rush. I am a 73 year-old retiree and Yes, I have put my $$ with Zach. You put out so much material that it's hard to keep up - But I'm trying !Bless you for your work. And I must say that I disagree that you're not qualified to preach. Your shows are, to me, as good as Sermons - and much more appropriate than most that I hear in these Demonic times. The way you put Biblical insight into current events is vital to help me cope with what's going on.I'm mainly writing to suggest a book. IMHO this is a must-Read:Battle for the American Mind: Uprooting a Century of Miseducationby Pete Hegseth and David GoodwinIt lays out, the reasons for the Godlessness and Lawlessness we are going through and how the Left has subverted our youth in the classrooms for a hundred years. It fully answers the question I've had for a long time :"How could so many be so totally (and Spiritually) blind, and unable to think?"This Amazon review, sums it up:This book's thesis centers on the replacement of God in the classroom with another deity, a certain worldview or value-system termed paideia. "Paideia... is the fountainhead of culture."Today's youth learn no values beyond diversity, equity, and inclusion; in fact they learn that are are no central truths, only individual differences. This book only confirms and strengthens my belief that most Americans no longer believe in the concept of virtue or an objective truth; they have been replaced by moral relativism, worshiping individuality, tolerance, diversity, etc. while tolerating no dissention from these beliefs.Long before this book was published Conservatives distrusted, even reviled universities as centers of anti-American, anti-Christian indoctrination, but the authors prove it begins, not there but in Kindergarten. The Left occupies the high ground in education and is turning our children into self-loathing activists.I hope I've convinced you to check it out, and possibly make it the basis for a 'cast(s).God Bless,Larry DavisGeneva, ILWhat does God say? How is it that Satan thought he could defeat God?Paul Harvey said it so well with his original, “If I were the Devil.”Here's how the Mockingbirds in Seattle reported on the new, pro-kidnapping law coming to the Separate Country of Washington. 5th grade teacher takes on a full panel of "trans" on Dr Phil. They want you to operate in a world of illusion otherwise you're hateful to deny reality and facts. Southern Baptists divided over politics, race, LGB (so-called) ”T”Q policy: "In order to work with them, you've got to be in lockstep agreement with them on every point," one pastor said of America's largest Protestant denomination.Chicago's new Mayor once AGAIN defends teen rioting, robbing and lootingBoise teacher and activist of the Sexual Left arrested on suspicion of raping kidsLabour MP Rosie Duffield raises “staggering” scale of rape and sexual assaults which takes place in hospital settings; PM Rishi Sunak says he's “deeply shocked and appalled to hear about the cases of sexual assault and abuse in the NHSAlan's Soapshttps://alanssoaps.com/TODDUse coupon code ‘TODD' to save an additional 10% off the bundle price.BiOptimizershttps://magbreakthrough.com/toddUse promo code TODD for 10% off your order.Bonefroghttps://bonefrog.usEnter promo code TODD at checkout to receive 10% off your subscription. Bulwark Capitalbulwarkcapitalmgmt.comAct now and get Bulwark Capital's “Common Cents Investing” guide FREE. My Pillowhttps://mypillow.comUse code TODD for Closeout pricing on all All Season Slippers.Patriot Mobilehttps://patriotmobile.com/hermanGet free activation today with offer code HERMAN. Visit or call 878-PATRIOT. GreenHaven Interactivehttps://greenhaveninteractive.comGet seen on Google more with your worldclass website! RuffGreenshttps://ruffgreens.com/toddGet your FREE Jumpstart Trial Bag of Ruff Greens, simply cover shipping. Visit or call 877-MYDOG-64. SOTA Weight Losshttps://sotaweightloss.comSOTA Weight Loss is, say it with me now, STATE OF THE ART!Texas SuperFoodhttps://texassuperfood.comTexas SuperFood is whole food nutrition at its best.

Is war in long-term decline? Steven Pinker's The Better Angels of Our Nature brought this previously obscure academic question to the centre of public debate, and pointed to rates of death in war to argue energetically that war is on the way out. But that idea divides war scholars and statisticians, and so Better Angels has prompted a spirited debate, with datasets and statistical analyses exchanged back and forth year after year. The lack of consensus has left a somewhat bewildered public (including host Rob Wiblin) unsure quite what to believe. Today's guest, professor in political science Bear Braumoeller, is one of the scholars who believes we lack convincing evidence that warlikeness is in long-term decline. He collected the analysis that led him to that conclusion in his 2019 book, Only the Dead: The Persistence of War in the Modern Age. Links to learn more, summary and full transcript. The question is of great practical importance. The US and PRC are entering a period of renewed great power competition, with Taiwan as a potential trigger for war, and Russia is once more invading and attempting to annex the territory of its neighbours. If war has been going out of fashion since the start of the Enlightenment, we might console ourselves that however nerve-wracking these present circumstances may feel, modern culture will throw up powerful barriers to another world war. But if we're as war-prone as we ever have been, one need only inspect the record of the 20th century to recoil in horror at what might await us in the 21st. Bear argues that the second reaction is the appropriate one. The world has gone up in flames many times through history, with roughly 0.5% of the population dying in the Napoleonic Wars, 1% in World War I, 3% in World War II, and perhaps 10% during the Mongol conquests. And with no reason to think similar catastrophes are any less likely today, complacency could lead us to sleepwalk into disaster. He gets to this conclusion primarily by analysing the datasets of the decades-old Correlates of War project, which aspires to track all interstate conflicts and battlefield deaths since 1815. In Only the Dead, he chops up and inspects this data dozens of different ways, to test if there are any shifts over time which seem larger than what could be explained by chance variation alone. In a nutshell, Bear simply finds no general trend in either direction from 1815 through today. It seems like, as philosopher George Santayana lamented in 1922, "only the dead have seen the end of war". In today's conversation, Bear and Rob discuss all of the above in more detail than even a usual 80,000 Hours podcast episode, as well as: • Why haven't modern ideas about the immorality of violence led to the decline of war, when it's such a natural thing to expect? • What would Bear's critics say in response to all this? • What do the optimists get right? • How does one do proper statistical tests for events that are clumped together, like war deaths? • Why are deaths in war so concentrated in a handful of the most extreme events? • Did the ideas of the Enlightenment promote nonviolence, on balance? • Were early states more or less violent than groups of hunter-gatherers? • If Bear is right, what can be done? • How did the 'Concert of Europe' or 'Bismarckian system' maintain peace in the 19th century? • Which wars are remarkable but largely unknown? Get this episode by subscribing to our podcast on the world's most pressing problems and how to solve them: type 80,000 Hours into your podcasting app. Producer: Keiran Harris Audio mastering: Ryan Kessler Transcriptions: Katy Moore

The writer and philosopher George Santayana warned us, “Those who do not learn history are doomed to repeat it.” What can we learn from the Spanish Civil War as the political climate reaches a boiling point in America? From his time in Majorca as a young man to the sadistic communist killer he met in San Francisco; Savage enlightens us on the barbaric struggle that sunk the European nation into violence. Why should we fear the messaging of the Left on class and religion today? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

“…if inflation is not eliminated very soon, all our technological and scientific improvements will not prevent us from a tremendous financial catastrophe that will destroy practically all that civilization has created in the last several hundred years.”   Ludwig von Mises, Ludwig von Mises on Money and Inflation The philosopher George Santayana stated that “Those […] The post How Inflation Precipitates Societal Collapse first appeared on Academy of Ideas.

The scene was the British House of Commons in 1948 where Churchill paraphrased philosopher George Santayana saying, “Those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it." Now, it was our Lord Jesus who wisely mentioned that we should not become alarmed with world events, natural disasters, wars, rumors of wars, etc. On today's podcast, we will examine the history of the temple, its creation, and its eventual destruction. We will carefully unpack the words of Jesus, hinting at events destined to occur and signs of the end times. We will view this from a historical and biblical lens, reflecting on some of what we lived to see and world history.