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Last time we spoke about the Battle of Taierzhuang. Following the fall of Nanjing in December 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War entered a brutal phase of attrition as Japan sought to consolidate control and press toward central China. Chinese defense prioritized key rail corridors and urban strongholds, with Xuzhou, the JinPu and Longhai lines, and the Huai River system forming crucial lifelines. By early 1938, Japanese offensives aimed to link with forces around Beijing and Nanjing and encircle Chinese positions in the Central Yangtze region, threatening Wuhan. In response, Chiang Kai-shek fortified Xuzhou and expanded defenses to deter a pincer move, eventually amassing roughly 300,000 troops along strategic lines. Taierzhuang became a focal point when Japanese divisions attempted to press south and link with northern elements. Chinese commanders Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, Tang Enbo, and Sun Lianzhong coordinated to complicate Japanese plans through offensive-defensive actions, counterattacks, and encirclement efforts. The victory, though numerically costly, thwarted immediate Japanese objectives and foreshadowed further attritional struggles ahead.   #171 The Flooding of the Yellow River Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. We last left off with a significant event during the Xuzhou campaign. Three Japanese divisions under General Itagaki Seishiro moved south to attack Taierzhuang and were met by forces commanded by Li Zongren, Sun Lianzhong, and Tang Enbo, whose units possessed a decent amount of artillery. In a two-week engagement from March 22 to April 7, the battle devolved into a costly urban warfare. Fighting was vicious, often conducted in close quarters and at night. The urban environment negated Japanese advantages in armor and artillery, allowing Chinese forces to contend on equal terms. The Chinese also disrupted Japanese logistics by resupplying their own troops and severing rear supply lines, draining Japanese ammunition, supplies, and reinforcements. By April 7, the Japanese were compelled to retreat, marking the first Chinese victory of the war. However both sides suffered heavy losses, with around 20,000 casualties on each side. In the aftermath of this rare victory, Chiang Kai-Shek pushed Tang Enbo and Li Zongren to capitalize on their success and increased deployments in the Taierzhuang theater to about 450,000 troops. Yet the Chinese Army remained hampered by fundamental problems. The parochialism that had crippled Chiang's forces over the preceding months resurfaced. Although the generals had agreed to coordinate in a war of resistance, each still prioritized the safety of his own troops, wary of Chiang's bid to consolidate power. Li Zongren, for example, did not deploy his top Guangxi provincial troops at Taierzhuang and sought to shift most of the fighting onto Tang Enbo's forces. Chiang's colleagues were mindful of the fates of Han Fuju of Shandong and Zhang Xueliang of Manchuria: Han was executed for refusing to fight, while Zhang, after allowing Chiang to reduce the size of his northeastern army, ended up under house arrest. They were right to distrust Chiang. He believed, after all, that provincial armies should come under a unified national command, which he would lead. From a national-unity perspective, his aspiration was not unreasonable. But it fed suspicion among other military leaders that participation in the anti-Japanese war would dilute their power. The divided nature of the command also hindered logistics, making ammunition and food supplies to the front unreliable and easy to cut off. By late April the Chinese had reinforced the Xuzhou area to between 450,000-600,000 to capitalize on their victory. However these armies were plagued with command and control issues. Likewise the Japanese licked their wounds and reinforced the area to roughly 400,000, with fresh troops and supplies flowing in from Tianjin and Nanjing. The Japanese continued with their objective of encircling Chinese forces. The North China Area Army comprised four divisions and two infantry brigades drawn from the Kwantung Army, while the Central China Expeditionary Army consisted of three divisions and the 1st and 2nd Tank Battalions along with motorized support units. The 5th Tank Battalion supported the 3rd Infantry Division as it advanced north along the railway toward Xuzhou. Fighting to the west, east, and north of Xuzhou was intense, resulting in heavy casualties on both sides. On 18 April, the Japanese advanced southward toward Pizhou. Tang Enbo's 20th Army Corps, together with the 2nd, 22nd, 46th, and 59th corps, resisted fiercely, culminating in a stalemate by the end of April. The 60th Corps of the Yunnan Army engaged the Japanese 10th Division at Yuwang Mountain for nearly a month, repelling multiple assaults. By the time it ceded its position to the Guizhou 140th Division and withdrew on 15 May, the corps had sustained losses exceeding half of its forces. Simultaneously, the Japanese conducted offensives along both banks of the Huai River, where Chinese defenders held out for several weeks. Nevertheless, Japanese artillery and aerial bombardment gradually tilted the balance, allowing the attackers to seize Mengcheng on 9 May and Hefei on 14 May. From there, the southern flank split into two parts: one force moved west and then north to cut off the Longhai Railway escape route from Xuzhou, while another division moved directly north along the railway toward Suxian, just outside Xuzhou. Simultaneously, to the north, Japanese units from north China massed at Jining and began moving south beyond Tengxian. Along the coast, an amphibious landing was made at Lianyungang to reinforce troops attacking from the east. The remaining portions of Taierzhuang were captured in May, a development symbolically significant to Tokyo. On 17 May, Japanese artillery further tightened the noose around Xuzhou, striking targets inside the city.  To preserve its strength, the Nationalist government ordered the abandonment of Xuzhou and directed its main forces to break out toward northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui, and eastern Henan. To deter the Japanese army's rapid westward advance and penetration into northern Henan and western Shandong, many leading military and political figures within the Nationalist government proposed breaching dams over the Yellow River to delay the offensive, a strategy that would have been highly advantageous to the Nationalist forces at the time. Chiang Kai-shek vetoed the proposal outright, insisting that the Nationalist army could still resist. He understood that with tens of millions of Chinese lives at stake and a sliver of hope remaining, the levee plan must not be undertaken. Then a significant battle broke out at Lanfeng. Chiang also recognized that defeat could allow the elite Japanese mechanized divisions, the 14th, 16th, and 10th, to advance directly toward Zhengzhou. If Zhengzhou fell, the Japanese mechanized forces on the plains could advance unimpeded toward Tongguan. Their southward push would threaten Xi'an, Xiangfan, and Nanyang, directly jeopardizing the southwest's rear defenses. Concurrently, the Japanese would advance along the Huai River north of the Dabie Mountains toward Wuhan, creating a pincer with operations along the Yangtze River.  Now what followed was arguably the most important and skillful Chinese maneuver of the Xuzhou campaign: a brilliantly executed strategic retreat to the south and west across the Jinpu railway line. On May 15, Li Zongren, in consultation with Chiang Kai-shek, decided to withdraw from Xuzhou and focus on an escape plan. The evacuation of civilians and military personnel began that day. Li ordered troops to melt into the countryside and move south and west at night, crossing the Jinpu Railway and splitting into four groups that would head west. The plan was to regroup in the rugged Dabie Mountains region to the south and prepare for the defense of Wuhan. Li's generals departed reluctantly, having held out for so long; Tang Enbo was said to have wept. Under cover of night, about forty divisions, over 200,000 men, marched out of Japanese reach in less than a week. A critical moment occurred on May 18, when fog and a sandstorm obscured the retreating troops as they crossed the Jinpu Railway. By May 21, Li wired Chiang Kai-shek to report that the withdrawal was complete. He mobilized nearly all of the Kuomintang Central Army's elite units, such as the 74th Army, withdrawn from Xuzhou and transferred directly to Lanfeng, with a resolute intent to “burn their boats.” The force engaged the Japanese in a decisive battle at Lanfeng, aiming to secure the last line of defense for the Yellow River, a position carrying the lives of millions of Chinese civilians. Yet Chiang Kai-shek's strategy was not universally understood by all participating generals, who regarded it as akin to striking a rock with an egg. For the battle of Lanfeng the Chinese mobilized nearly all of the Kuomintang Central Army's elite forces, comprising 14 divisions totaling over 150,000 men. Among these, the 46th Division of the 27th Army, formerly the Central Training Brigade and the 36th, 88th, and 87th Divisions of the 71st Army were German-equipped. Additionally, the 8th Army, the Tax Police Corps having been reorganized into the Ministry of Finance's Anti-Smuggling Corps, the 74th Army, and Hu Zongnan's 17th Corps, the new 1st Army, equipped with the 8th Division were elite Nationalist troops that had demonstrated strong performance in the battle of Shanghai and the battle of Nanjing, and were outfitted with advanced matériel. However, these so-called “elite” forces were heavily degraded during the campaigns in Shanghai and Nanjing. The 46th Division and Hu Zongnan's 17th Corps sustained casualties above 85% in Nanjing, while the 88th and 87th Divisions suffered losses of up to 90%. The 74th Army and the 36th Division also endured losses exceeding 75%. Their German-made equipment incurred substantial losses; although replenishment occurred, inventories resembled roughly a half-German and half-Chinese mix. With very limited heavy weapons and a severe shortage of anti-tank artillery, they could not effectively match the elite Japanese regiments. Hu Zongnan's 17th Corps maintained its national equipment via a close relationship with Chiang Kai-shek. In contrast, the 74th Army, after fighting in Shanghai, Nanjing, and Xuzhou, suffered heavy casualties, and the few German weapons it had were largely destroyed at Nanjing, leaving it to rely on a mix of domestically produced and Hanyang-made armaments. The new recruits added to each unit largely lacked combat experience, with nearly half of the intake having received basic training. The hardest hit was Li Hanhun's 64th Army, established less than a year prior and already unpopular within the Guangdong Army. Although classified as one of the three Type A divisions, the 155th, 156th, and 187th Divisions, it was equipped entirely with Hanyang-made firearms. Its direct artillery battalion possessed only about 20 older mortars and three Type 92 infantry guns, limiting its heavy firepower to roughly that of a Japanese battalion. The 195th Division and several miscellaneous units were even less prominent, reorganized from local militias and lacking Hanyang rifles. Additionally, three batches of artillery purchased from the Soviet Union arrived in Lanzhou via Xinjiang between March and June 1938. Except for the 52nd Artillery Regiment assigned to the 200th Division, the other artillery regiments had recently received their weapons and were still undergoing training. The 200th Division, had been fighting awhile for in the Xuzhou area and incurred heavy casualties, was still in training and could only deploy its remaining tank battalion and armored vehicle company. The tank battalion was equipped with T-26 light tanks and a small number of remaining British Vickers tanks, while the armored vehicle company consisted entirely of Italian Fiat CV33 armored cars. The disparity in numbers was substantial, and this tank unit did not participate in the battle.  As for the Japanese, the 14th Division was an elite Type A formation. Originally organized with four regiments totaling over 30,000 men, the division's strength was later augmented. Doihara's 14th Division received supplements, a full infantry regiment and three artillery regiments, to prevent it from being surrounded and annihilated, effectively transforming the unit into a mobile reinforced division. Consequently, the division's mounted strength expanded to more than 40,000 personnel, comprising five infantry regiments and four artillery regiments. The four artillery regiments, the 24th Artillery Regiment, the 3rd Independence Mountain Artillery Regiment, the 5th Field Heavy Artillery Regiment, and the 6th Field Heavy Artillery Regiment, possessed substantial heavy firepower, including 150mm heavy howitzers and 105mm long-range field cannons, placing them far in excess of the Nationalist forces at Lanfeng. In addition, both the 14th and later the 16th Divisions commanded tank regiments with nearly 200 light and medium tanks each, while Nationalist forces were markedly short of anti-tank artillery. At the same time, the Nationalist Air Force, though it had procured more than 200 aircraft of various types from the Soviet Union, remained heavily reliant on Soviet aid-to-China aircraft, amounting to over 100 machines, and could defend only a few cities such as Wuhan, Nanchang, and Chongqing. In this context, Japanese forces effectively dominated the Battle of Lanfeng. Moreover, reports indicate that the Japanese employed poison gas on the battlefield, while elite Nationalist troops possessed only a limited number of gas masks, creating a stark disparity in chemical warfare preparedness. Despite these disparities, Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalist government were initially unaware of the updated strength and composition of the Doihara Division. Faced with constrained options, Chiang chose to press ahead with combat operations. On May 12, 1939, after crossing the Yellow River, the IJA 14th Division continued its southward advance toward Lanfeng. The division's objective was to sever the Longhai Railway, disrupt the main Nationalist retreat toward Zhengzhou, and seize Zhengzhou itself. By May 15, the division split into two columns at Caoxian and moved toward key nodes on the Longhai Line. Major General Toyotomi Fusatarou led two infantry regiments, one cavalry regiment, and one artillery regiment in the main assault toward Kaocheng with the aim of directly capturing Lanfeng. Doihara led three infantry regiments and three artillery regiments toward Neihuang and Minquan, threatening Guide. In response, the Nationalist forces concentrated along the railway from Lanfeng to Guide, uniting Song Xilian's 71st Army, Gui Yongqing's 27th Army, Yu Jishi's 74th Army, Li Hanhun's 64th Army, and Huang Jie's 8th Army. From May 15 to 17, the Fengjiu Brigade, advancing toward Lanfeng, met stubborn resistance near Kaocheng from roughly five divisions under Song Xilian and was forced to shift its effort toward Yejigang and Neihuang. The defense near Neihuang, including Shen Ke's 106th Division and Liang Kai's 195th Division, ultimately faltered, allowing Doihara's division to seize Neihuang, Yejigang, Mazhuangzhai, and Renheji. Nevertheless, the Nationalist forces managed to contain the Japanese advance east and west of the area, preventing a complete encirclement. Chiang Kai-shek ordered Cheng Qian, commander-in-chief of the 1st War Zone, to encircle and annihilate the Japanese 14th Division. The deployment plan mapped three routes: the Eastern Route Army, under Li Hanhun, would include the 74th Army, the 155th Division of the 64th Army, a brigade of the 88th Division, and a regiment of the 87th Division, advancing westward from Guide); the Western Route Army, commanded by Gui Yongqing, would comprise the 27th Army, the 71st Army, the 61st Division, and the 78th Division, advancing eastward from Lanfeng; and the Northern Route Army, formed by Sun Tongxuan's 3rd Army and Shang Zhen's 20th Army, was to cut off the enemy's retreat to the north bank of the Yellow River near Dingtao, Heze, Dongming, and Kaocheng, while attacking the Doihara Division from the east, west, and north to annihilate it in a single decisive operation.  On May 21, the Nationalist Army mounted a full-scale offensive. Yu Jishi's 74th Army, commanded by Wang Yaowu's 51st Division, joined a brigade of Song Xilian's 71st Army, led by the 88th Division, and drove the Japanese forces at Mazhuangzhai into retreat, capturing Neihuang and Renheji. The main Japanese force, more than 6,000 strong, withdrew southwest to Yangjiji and Shuangtaji. Song Xilian, commanding Shen Fazao's 87th Division, launched a sharp assault on Yejigang (Yifeng). The Japanese abandoned the stronghold, but their main body continued advancing toward Yangjiji, with some units retreating to Donggangtou and Maoguzhai. On May 23, Song Xilian's 71st Army and Yu Jishi's 74th Army enveloped and annihilated enemy forces at Donggangtou and Maoguzhai. That evening they seized Ximaoguzhai, Yangzhuang, and Helou, eliminating more than a thousand Japanese troops. The Japanese troops at Donggangtou fled toward Lanfeng. Meanwhile, Gui Yongqing's forces were retreating through Lanfeng. His superior strength, Jiang Fusheng's 36th Division, Li Liangrong's 46th Division, Zhong Song's 61st Division, Li Wen's 78th Division, Long Muhan's 88th Division, and Shen Ke's 106th Division—had held defensive positions along the Lanfeng–Yangji line. Equipped with a tank battalion and armored vehicle company commanded by Qiu Qingquan, they blocked the enemy's westward advance and awaited Japanese exhaustion. However, under the Japanese offensive, Gui Yongqing's poor command led to the loss of Maji and Mengjiaoji, forcing the 27th Army to retreat across its entire front. Its main force fled toward Qixian and Kaifeng. The Japanese seized the opportunity to capture Quxingji, Luowangzhai, and Luowang Railway Station west of Lanfeng. Before retreating, Gui Yongqing ordered Long Muhan to dispatch a brigade to replace the 106th Division in defending Lanfeng, while he directed the 106th Division to fall back to Shiyuan. Frightened by the enemy, Long Muhan unilaterally withdrew his troops on the night of the 23rd, leaving Lanfeng undefended. On the 24th, Japanese troops advancing westward from Donggangtou entered Lanfeng unopposed and, relying on well-fortified fortifications, held their ground until reinforcements arrived. In the initial four days, the Nationalist offensive failed to overwhelm the Japanese, who escaped encirclement and annihilation. The four infantry and artillery regiments and one cavalry regiment on the Japanese side managed to hold the line along Lanfeng, Luowangzhai, Sanyizhai, Lanfengkou, Quxingji, Yang'erzhai, and Chenliukou on the south bank of the Yellow River, offering stubborn resistance. The Longhai Railway was completely cut off. Chiang Kai-shek, furious upon hearing the news while stationed in Zhengzhou, ordered the execution of Long Muhan, commander of the 88th Division, to restore military morale. He also decided to consolidate Hu Zongnan's, Li Hanhun's, Yu Jishi's, Song Xilian's, and Gui Yongqing's troops into the 1st Corps, with Xue Yue as commander-in-chief. On the morning of May 25, they launched a determined counterattack on Doihara's 14th Division. Song Xilian personally led the front lines on May 24 to rally the defeated 88th Division.  Starting on May 25, after three days of intense combat, Li Hanhun's 64th Army advanced to seize Luowang Station and Luowangzhai, while Song Xilian's 71st Army retook Lanfeng City, temporarily reopening the Longhai Line to traffic. At Sanyi Village, Gui Yongqing's 27th Army and Yu Jishi's 74th Army captured a series of outlying positions, including Yang'eyao, Chailou, Cailou, Hezhai, Xuelou, and Baowangsi. Despite these gains, more than 6,000 Japanese troops offered stubborn resistance. During the fighting, Ji Hongru, commander of the 302nd Regiment, was seriously wounded but continued to fight, shouting, “Don't worry about my death! Brothers, fight on!” He ultimately died a heroic death from his wounds. By May 27, Chiang Kai-shek, concerned that the forces had not yet delivered a decisive victory at Lanfeng, personally reprimanded the participating generals and ordered them to completely encircle and annihilate the enemy west of Lanfeng by the following day. He warned that if the opportunity was missed and Japanese reinforcements arrived, the position could be endangered. The next day, Chiang Kai-shek issued another telegram, urging Cheng Qian's First War Zone and all participating units to press the offensive. The telegram allegedly had this in it “It will forever be a laughingstock in the history of warfare.” Meanwhile on the other side, to prevent the annihilation of Doihara's 14th Division, the elite Japanese 16th Division and the 3rd Mixed Brigade, totaling over 40,000 men, launched a westward assault from Dangshan, capturing Yucheng on May 26. They then began probing the outskirts of Guide. Huang Jie's Eighth Army, responsible for the defense, withdrew to the outskirts of Guide that evening. On May 28, Huang Jie again led his troops on his own initiative, retreating to Liuhe and Kaifeng, leaving only the 187th Division to defend Zhuji Station and Guide City. At dawn on May 29, Peng Linsheng, commander of the 187th Division, also withdrew his troops, leaving Guide a deserted city. The Japanese occupied Guide without a fight. The loss of Guide dramatically shifted the tide of the war. Threatened on the flanks by the Japanese 16th Division, the Nationalist forces were forced onto the defensive. On May 28, the Japanese 14th Division concentrated its forces to counterattack Gui Yongqing's troops, but they were defeated again, allowing the Japanese to stabilize their position. At the same time, the fall of Shangqiu compelled Xue Yue's corps to withdraw five divisions to block the enemy in Shangqiu, and the Nationalist Army shifted to a defensive posture with the 14th Division holding Sanyizhai and Quxingji. To the north of the battlefield, the Japanese 4th Mixed Brigade, numbering over 10,000 men, was preparing to force a crossing of the Yellow River in order to join with the nearby 14th Division. More seriously, the 10th Division, together with its 13th Mixed Brigade and totaling more than 40,000 men, had captured Woyang and Bozhou on the Henan-Anhui border and was rapidly encircling eastern Henan. By the time of the Battle of Lanfeng, Japanese forces had deployed more than 100,000 troops, effectively surrounding the Nationalist army. On May 31, the First War Zone decided to withdraw completely, and the Battle of Lanfeng ended in defeat for the Nationalists, forcing Chiang Kai-shek to authorize diverting the Yellow River embankment to relieve pressure. The consequence was a deteriorating strategic situation, as encirclement tightened and reinforcement options dwindled, driving a retreat from the Lanfeng front. The National Army suffered more than 67,000 casualties, killed and wounded more than 10,000 Japanese soldiers, Lanfeng was lost, and Zhengzhou was in danger.  As in Nanjing, this Chinese army might have lived to fight another day, but the effect on Xuzhou itself was horrific. The city had endured Japanese bombardment since August 1937, and the population's mood swung between cautious hope and utter despair. In March, Du Zhongyuan visited Xuzhou. Before he left Wuhan, friends told him that “the city was desolate and the people were terrified, all the inhabitants of Xuzhou were quietly getting on with their business … sometimes it was even calmer than Wuhan.” The Australian journalist Rhodes Farmer recalled a similar image in a book published at war's end, noting the “ordinary townsfolk who became wardens, fire-fighters and first-aid workers during the raid and then went back to their civil jobs.” Yet the mid-May departure of Nationalist troops left the city and its outskirts at the mercy of an angry Imperial Army. Bombing continued through the final days of battle, and a single raid on May 14, 1938 killed 700 people. Around Xuzhou, buildings and bridges were destroyed—some by retreating Chinese forces, some by advancing Japanese troops. Taierzhuang, the scene of the earlier iconic defense, was utterly destroyed. Canadian Jesuits who remained in Xuzhou after its fall recorded that more than a third of the houses were razed, and most of the local population had fled in terror. In rural areas around the city, massacres were repeatedly reported, many witnessed by missionaries. Beyond the atrocities of the Japanese, locals faced banditry in the absence of law enforcement, and vital agricultural work such as planting seed ground to a halt. The loss of Xuzhou was both strategic and symbolic. It dealt a severe blow to Chiang's attempt to hold central China and to control regional troop movements. Morale, which Taierzhuang had briefly boosted, was battered again though not extinguished. The fall signaled that the war would be long, and that swift victory against Japan was no longer likely. Mao Zedong's Yan'an base, far to the northwest, grasped the meaning of defeat there. In May 1938 he delivered one of his most celebrated lectures, “On Protracted War,” chiding those who had over-optimistically claimed the Xuzhou campaign could be a quasi-decisive victory and arguing that, after Taierzhuang, some had become “giddy.” Mao insisted that China would ultimately prevail, yet he warned that it could not be won quickly, and that the War of Resistance would be protracted. In the meantime, the development of guerrilla warfare remained an essential piece of the long-term strategy that the Communist armies would pursue in north China. Yet the loss of Xuzhou did not necessarily portend a long war; it could, instead, presage a war that would be terrifyingly short. By spring 1938 the Chinese defenders were desperate. There was a real danger that the entire war effort could collapse, and the Nationalist governments' notable success as protectors of a shrinking “Free China” lay in avoiding total disaster. Government propaganda had successfully portrayed a plan beyond retreat to foreign observers, yet had Tokyo captured Wuhan in the spring, the Chinese Army would have had to withdraw at speed, reinforcing perceptions of disintegration. Western governments were unlikely to intervene unless convinced it was in their interests. Within the Nationalist leadership, competing instincts persisted. The government pursued welfare measures for the people in the midst of a massive refugee relief effort, the state and local organizations, aided by the International Red Cross, housed large numbers of refugees in 1937–1938. Yet there was a harsher strain within policy circles, with some officials willing to sacrifice individual lives for strategic or political ends as the Japanese threat intensified. Throughout central China, the Yellow River, China's “Sorrow”, loomed as the dominant geographic force shaping history. The loess-laden river, notorious for floods and shifting channels, was banked by massive dikes near Zhengzhou, exactly along the line the Japanese would traverse toward Wuhan. Using the river as a military instrument was discussed as a drastic option: Chiang and Cheng Qian's First War Zone contemplated diverting or breaching the dikes to halt or slow the Japanese advance, a measure that could buy time but would unleash enormous civilian suffering. The idea dated back to 1887 floods that cost hundreds of thousands of lives, and even in 1935 Alexander von Falkenhausen had warned that the Yellow River could become the final line of defense. In 1938 Chiang, recognizing the futility of defeating the Japanese by conventional means at Zhengzhou, considered unleashing the river's force if necessary to impede the invaders. The political and strategic calculus was stark: protect central China and Wuhan, even if it required drastic and morally fraught measures. A more humane leader might have hesitated to break the dikes and spare the dams, allowing the Japanese to take Wuhan. But Chiang Kai-shek believed that if the dikes were not breached and Wuhan fell within days, the Nationalist government might be unable to relocate to Chongqing in time and would likely surrender, leaving Japan in control of almost all of China. Some have compared the choice to France's surrender in June 1940, underscoring that Chiang's decision came during the country's most terrifying assault, with Chinese forces much weaker and less trained than their European counterparts. The dilemma over whether to break the Yellow River dikes grew out of desperation. Chiang ultimately ordered General Wei Rulin to blow the dike that held the Yellow River in central Henan. There was no doubt about the consequences: floods would inundate vast areas of central China, creating a waterlogged barrier that would halt the Japanese advance. Yet for the plan to succeed, it had to be carried out quickly, and the government could offer no public warning in case the Japanese detected it and accelerated their movement. Xiong Xianyu, chief of staff in the 8th Division at the time, recorded the urgency of those hours in his diary. The Japanese were already on the north bank of the Yellow River, briefly delayed when the Chinese army blew up the railway bridge across the river. The destruction of the dikes was the next step: if the area became a sea of mud, there would be no way the Japanese could even attempt to reconstruct the bridge. Blasting the dikes proved easier in theory than in practice. Holding back such a massive body of water required substantial engineering, dams thick and well fortified. The army made its first attempts to blow the dike at the small town of Zhaokou between June 4 and 6, 1938, but the structure proved too durable; another nearby attempt failed as well. Hour by hour, the Japanese moved closer. Division commander Jiang Zaizhen asked Xiong Xianyu for his opinion on where they might breach the dams. Xiong wrote “I discussed the topography, and said that two places, Madukou and Huayuankou, were both possible.” But Madukou was too close to Zhaokou, where the breach had already failed, presenting a danger that the Japanese might reach it very soon. The village of Huayuankou, however, lay farther away and on a bend in the river: “To give ourselves enough time, Huayuankou would be best.” At first, the soldiers treated the task as a military engineering assignment, an “exciting” one in Xiong's words. Xiong and Wei Rulin conducted their first site inspection after dark, late on June 6. The surroundings offered a deceptive calm: Xiong recounted “The wind blew softly, and the river water trickled pleasantly.” Yet gauging the water level proved difficult, hampered by murky moonlight and burned-out flashlights. They spent the night in their car to determine precisely where to break the dike as soon as day broke. But daylight seemed to bring home the consequences of what they planned to do, and the soldiers grew increasingly anxious. Wang Songmei, commander of the 2nd Regiment, addressed the workers about to breach the dike: “My brothers, this plan will be of benefit to our country and our nation, and will lessen the harm that is being done to the people.In the future, you'll find good wives and have plenty of children.” Wang's words were meant to reassure the men of the political necessity of their actions and that fate would not, in the traditional Chinese sense, deny them a family because of the enormity of their deeds. General Wei confirmed that Huayuankou was the right spot, and on June 8 the work began, with about 2,000 men taking part. The Nationalist government was eager to ensure rapid progress. Xiong recorded that the “highest authorities”,, kept making telephone calls from Wuhan to check on progress. In addition, the party sent performers to sing and play music to bolster the workers' spirits. Senior General Shang Zhen announced to the laborers that if they breached the dam by midnight on June 8, each would receive 2,000 yuan; if they achieved it by six the next morning, they would still be paid 1,000 yuan. They needed encouragement, for the diggers had no artificial assistance. After the initial failures at Zhaokou, Wei's troops relied entirely on manual labor, with no explosives used. Yet the workers earned their payments, and the dike was breached in just a few hours. On the morning of June 9, Xiong recorded a rapid shift in mood: the atmosphere became tense and solemn. Initially, the river flow was modest, but by about 1:00 p.m. the water surged “fiercely,” flowing “like 10,000 horses.” Looking toward the distance, Xiong felt as though a sea had appeared before him. “My heart ached,” he wrote. The force of the water widened the breach, and a deadly stream hundreds of feet wide comprising about three-quarters of the river's volume—rushed southeast across the central Chinese plains. “We did this to stop the enemy,” Xiong reflected, “so we didn't regret the huge sacrifice, as it was for a greater victory.” Yet he and the other soldiers also saw a grim reality: the troops who had taken on the task of destroying the railway bridge and the dikes could not bear the flood's consequences alone. It would be up to the government and the people of the nation to provide relief for the countless households uprooted by the flood. In fact, the previous evening Commander Jiang had telephoned to request assistance for those flooded out of their homes.   Wei, Xiong, and their troops managed to escape by wooden boats. Hundreds of thousands of farmers trapped in the floods were far less fortunate. Time magazine's correspondent Theodore White reported on the devastation a few days later “Last week “The Ungovernable” [i.e. the Yellow River] lashed out with a flood which promised to change not only its own course but also the course of the whole Sino-Japanese War. Severe breaks in the dikes near Kaifeng sent a five-foot wall of water fanning out over a 500-squaremile area, spreading death. Toll from Yellow River floods is not so much from quick drowning as from gradual disease and starvation. The river's filth settles ankle-deep on the fields, mothering germs, smothering crops. Last week, about 500,000 peasants were driven from 2,000 communities to await rescue or death on whatever dry ground they could find”. Chiang's government had committed one of the grossest acts of violence against its own people, and he knew that the publicity could be a damaging blow to its reputation. He decided to divert blame by announcing that the dike had been broken, but blaming the breach on Japanese aerial bombing. The Japanese, in turn, fiercely denied having bombed the dikes. White's reporting reflected the immediate response of most foreigners; having heard about the atrocities at Nanjing and Xuzhou, he was disinclined to give the Japanese the benefit of the doubt. Furthermore, at the very time that the Yellow River was flooding central China, the Japanese were heavily bombing Guangzhou, causing thousands of casualties. To White, the Japanese counterargument—that the Chinese themselves were responsible, seemed unthinkable: “These accusations, foreign observers thought, were absurd. For the Chinese to check the Japanese advance at possible sacrifice of half a million lives would be a monstrous pyrrhic victory. Besides, dike-cutting is the blackest of Chinese crimes, and the Chinese Army would hardly risk universal censure for slight tactical gains.” But, of course, that is exactly what they had done. During the war the Nationalists never admitted that they, not the Japanese, had breached the dikes. But the truth quickly became widely known. Just a month later, on July 19, US Ambassador Johnson noted, in private communication, that the “Chinese blocked the advance on Chengchow [Zhengzhou] by breaching the Yellow River dikes.” Eventually some 54,000 square kilometers of central China were inundated by the floods. If the Japanese had committed such an act, it would have been remembered as the prime atrocity of the war, dwarfing even the Nanjing Massacre or the Chongqing air raids in terms of the number of people who suffered. Accurate statistics were impossible to obtain in the midst of wartime chaos and disaster, but in 1948 figures issued by the Nationalists themselves suggested enormous casualties: for the three affected provinces of Henan, Anhui, and Jiangsu, the number of dead was put at 844,489, with some 4.8 million becoming refugees. More recent studies place the numbers lower, but still estimate the dead at around 500,000, and 3–5 million refugees. In contrast, the devastating May 1939 air raids on Chongqing killed some thousands. Xiong reflected in his diary that the breaching of the Yellow River dikes was a sacrifice for a greater victory. Even to some Japanese it seemed that the tactic had been successful in the short term: the first secretary at the US Embassy in Wuhan reported that the flood had “completely checked the Japanese advance on Chengchow” and had prevented them taking Wuhan by rail. Instead, he predicted, the attack was likely to come by water and along the north shore of the Yangtze. Supporters of the dike breaches could argue that these acts saved central China and Chiang's headquarters in Wuhan for another five months. The Japanese were indeed prevented from advancing along the Long–Hai railway toward Wuhan. In the short term the floods did what the Nationalists wanted. But the flooding was a tactic, a breathing space, and did not solve the fundamental problem: China's armies needed strong leadership and rapid reform. Some historians suggest that Chiang's decision was pointless anyway, since it merely delayed the inevitable. Theodore White was right: no strategic advantage could make the deaths of 500,000 of China's own people a worthwhile price to pay. However, Chiang Kai-shek's decision can be partly explained, though not excused, by the context. We can now look back at the actions of the Nationalists and argue that they should not have held on to Wuhan, or that their actions in breaching the dam were unjustifiable in the extreme. But for Chiang, in the hot summer of 1938, it seemed his only hope was to deny Japan as much of China for as long as possible and create the best possible circumstances for a long war from China's interior, while keeping the world's attention on what Japan was doing. The short delay won by the flooding was itself part of the strategy. In the struggle raging within the soul of the Nationalist Party, the callous, calculating streak had won, for the time being. The breaking of the dikes marked a turning point as the Nationalists committed an act whose terrible consequences they would eventually have to expiate. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In late 1937, China's frontline trembled as Japanese forces closed in on Wuhan. Chiang Kai-shek faced a brutal choice: endure costly defenses or unleash a desperate gamble. Chiangs' radical plan emerged: breach the Yellow River dikes at Huayuankou to flood central China, buying time. The flood roared, washing villages and futures away, yet slowing the enemy. The battlefield paused, while a nation weighed courage against civilian suffering, victory against devastating costs.

Tech Talks is a 10-part series featuring conversations with leading innovators in the pro salon tech space. In this episode, Gordon is joined by Fred Helou, Founder and CEO of Vagaro. A software engineer with an entrepreneurial spirit, Fred founded Vagaro to solve problems and support small business owners in the pro beauty space. Today, he oversees one of the industry's leading digital platforms – processing millions of transactions annually. Fred shares insights into ongoing innovation across tech platforms and tools, including the integration of artificial intelligence into the daily lives of pros.

Un ouvrage de 234 pages pour retracer l'Histoire du Liban depuis le 19e siècle. Un pays au potentiel culturel et économique gigantesque, mais empêtré dans une violence qui semble inextricable. Dans son livre Liban : état de survie, Fouad Khoury-Helou dresse le portrait d'un pays rongé par ses dissensions internes. Un pays et une société qu'il connaît bien puisqu'il est le directeur du grand quotidien libanais l'Orient-Le Jour.  À lire aussiGuerre civile du Liban: «50 ans après, la problématique principale n'a pas changé»

Un ouvrage de 234 pages pour retracer l'Histoire du Liban depuis le 19e siècle. Un pays au potentiel culturel et économique gigantesque, mais empêtré dans une violence qui semble inextricable. Dans son livre Liban : état de survie, Fouad Khoury-Helou dresse le portrait d'un pays rongé par ses dissensions internes. Un pays et une société qu'il connaît bien puisqu'il est le directeur du grand quotidien libanais l'Orient-Le Jour.  À lire aussiGuerre civile du Liban: «50 ans après, la problématique principale n'a pas changé»

Why this merger changes everything for hairstylists

Bolí vás v krku? Angína nebo chřipka? A je to na antibiotika? Mnoho otázek a spousta dobrých rad, jak si pomoci nejen s Aloe Vera. Věřím, že se nejen uslyšíme, ale i uvidíme na Helou! Knihomol tour 2025 ve Zlínském kraji.www.helou.cz

I denne episoden får du høre om den nye boken Øyvind Børven har skrevet. Den heter "Elevstyrt utviklingssamtale", og handler om hva en elevstyrt samtale er, hvilke fordeler samtaleformen kan gi ifølge internasjonal forskning, hva forskning fra vår kontekst kan utfylle, hvordan man forbereder og gjennomfører samtalene, og mye mer. Samtalen blir ledet av Aya El-Helou, og Martine Hanstad som er kontaktlærer (mentor) og norsklærer deler utfyllende perspektiver fra praksis. Become a member at https://plus.acast.com/s/et-bedre-skole-norge. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Helou! Knihomol tour 2025 je skvělý způsob, jak vám předat cenné informace o královně bylin - Aloe Vera. Dnes vám povím nejen kde a kdy se potkáme, ale proč je důležité být u toho.www.helou.cz

Straight From The Admissions Office: Insider Strategies For College ApplicationsIf you're looking for helpful tips and insights for the college admissions process, check out my book by clicking the links below:

Reveja a entrevista de Luciano Penteado com Marina Helou (REDE), Deputada Estadual/SP, sobre a nova lei que proíbe celulares na rede pública. #jornaldagazeta

Jmenuji se Lenka Kepičová a jsem maminka, manželka, a taky žena, která ráda žije naplno. Miluji, když se věci kolem mě hýbou, když vidím pokrok a když můžu být součástí pozitivní změny v životech lidí kolem mě. Život mě přivedl na cestu, kterou bych možná sama nevybrala, ale dnes za ni jsem neskutečně vděčná. A proč? Protože jsem zjistila, že můžu lidem pomáhat. Helou! uvádí Svědění - první český podcast o ekzémech a alergiích s Lenkou Kepičovou. Protože je lepší vědět, než se drbat! www.helou.cz

Lenka Kepičová a její hosté v podcastů Svědění. Příběh Petry je děsivý, ale ne ojedinělý. Možná se týká také vás nebo někoho z rodiny. Dobrá zpráva je, že pomoc existuje a nejsou to jenom kortikoidy. Helou! uvádí Svědění - první český podcast o ekzémech a alergiích s Lenkou Kepičovou. Protože je lepší vědět, než se drbat! www.helou.cz

Poslouchal jsem své tělo, přizpůsobil jsem vše mému životnímu stylu a práci, a za 6 měsíců jsem dostal dolů 60 kilogramů - tak popisuje svůj extrémní stav Lukáš Hřib. Jak se může stát něco takového bývalemů aktivnímu sportujícímu člověku? A jak hubl, co mu pomohlo a pro co se dále rozhodl, se dozvíte v dnešním Helou! podcastu s Markétou Kopčilovou. www.helou.cz

Dnešní Helou! podcast je o překonávání strachu. Možná tak trochu i strachu ze strachu. Míša Klimková se do LR zamilovala v 6 letech, kdy si očichala LR parfémy své maminky. Stalo se tak už před 24 lety a od té doby je to intenzivní vztah. S Míšou jsme se bavili o extremních pochodech přírodou, o překonávání překážek v horách, o medvědech a pozitivních lidech v komunitě Helou! www.helou.cz

Quais são os 25 episódios que representam melhor o Pós-Jovem? Quer você seja ouvinte recente ou já frequente aqui nossa casa há um tempo, vale (re)escutar aqueles que resumem a essência do podcast. Acesse a playlist no Spotify. Episódios: #001 - lio SOARES #019 - helena GALANTE #039 - clarice FALCÃO #051 - uyara TORRENTE #055 - marina HELOU #066 - letícia NOVAES #067 - natália SOUSA #068 - mauricio WATANABE #070 - aline BEI #072 - helio FLANDERS #080 - stêfano VOLP #084 - letícia FERREIRA #087 - hélio DE LA PEÑA #091 - rita WAINER #093 - mano CAPPU #095 - pedro henrique FRANÇA #125 - alexandre NERO #140 - amanda MONT'ALVÃO #143 - zé PEDRO #187 - rodrigo LIMA #198 - luiza LIAN #202 - ítalo MARTINS #203 - RUBEL #234 - JUNIOR #237 - roberta MARTINELLI ⁠Newsletter Pós-Jovem⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Pós-Jovem nas redes: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ | BlueSky Canal do Whatsapp: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Acesso aos Bastidores⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Assine a newsletter⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Design: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Nayara Lara⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Trilha: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Peartree⁠⁠⁠

Dobropodcast - Pavla Šmídová o dobrém životě s dobrými lidmi. Tentokrát vám Pavla představí svůj celý týden s produkty LR. V jakých konkrétních situacích je používá? Jak na ně reaguje její rodina? Jak plánuje svůj čas efektivně? A co vše se naučila díky komunitě Helou? O životě s LR Health & Beauty, o nemocech dětí a jejich uzdravení. O pomáhání druhým, o lepším životě pro každého. www.helou.cz

Sometimes hardships break a person; other times, they make a person. Such is the case with Fady "Fred" Helou (@fredhelou), whose difficult origin story propelled him to create the billion-dollar company Vagaro (@vagaropro). After leaving war-torn Lebanon at 18 and having his life savings pickpocketed en route to the U.S., Fred quickly got a job and began attending night school. In this episode, Fred shares how he started climbing the corporate ladder while fostering the idea of a system to facilitate online booking for salons and barbershops. Discover what finally compelled him to create Vagaro, the lessons he learned along the way, and his invaluable advice for other budding entrepreneurs.

Helou! Täällä ollaan taas nauhottelujen parissa ja tässä teille kuuntelijoille ensimakua tulevasta kaudesta.  Jaksossa listataan kesän top 10 suosikkeja ja jaetaan parhaita vinkkejä niin ihonhoitoon kuin matkusteluun. Palaamme pian uuden kauden merkeissä, mutta tässä pieni teaser -jakso uutta kautta odotellessa.

في حلقة البودكاست هذه، انضموا إلى ريكاردو كرم وهو يتغوص في عالم أنيسة حلو متعدّد الأوجه، الطاهية والمدوّنة والصحفية المشهورة التي أصبحت مرجعاً مشهوراً في مطبخ الشرق الأوسط والبحر الأبيض المتوسط. ولدت حلو في لبنان ونشأت وسط تقاليد الطهي الغنية، ويتشابك شغفها بالطعام بشكل عميق مع تراثها الثقافي. باعتبارها مؤلّفة حائزة على جوائز، قامت بتأليف العديد من كتب الطبخ التي توفّر نافذة على النكهات والتقنيات المتنوّعة في المنطقة. تعمل مدوّنتها ووجودها على وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي على زيادة تأثيرها، حيث تشارك وصفات أصلية ونصائح طهي وقصصاً آسرة من رحلاتها. تتألّق براعة أنيسة الصحفية في رواياتها الجذابة، التي تمزج السياق التاريخي مع الحكايات الشخصية، مما يجعل عملها استكشافاً مبهجاً لكل من الطعام والثقافة. في هذا الحديث مع ريكاردو كرم، يمكنكم إلقاء نظرة حميمة على مغامرات أنيسة حلو في الطهي، ورؤيتها في المشهد الغذائي المتطوّر، ومهمتها في الحفاظ على تراث الطهي الغني في الشرق الأوسط والبحر الأبيض المتوسط والاحتفال به .In this podcast episode, join Ricardo Karam as he delves into the multifaceted world of Anissa Helou, an acclaimed cook, blogger, and journalist who has become a celebrated authority on Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisine.Born in Lebanon and raised amidst rich culinary traditions, Helou's passion for food is deeply intertwined with her cultural heritage. As an award-winning author, she has penned numerous cookbooks that offer a window into the diverse flavors and techniques of the region. Her blog and social media presence further amplify her influence, as she shares authentic recipes, culinary tips, and captivating stories from her travels. Helou's journalistic prowess shines through in her engaging narratives, which blend historical context with personal anecdotes, making her work a delightful exploration of both food and culture.In conversation with Ricardo Karam, you are treated to an intimate glimpse into Anissa Helou's culinary adventures, her insights into the evolving food landscape, and her mission to preserve and celebrate the rich culinary heritage of the Middle East and Mediterranean.

Sometimes hardships break a person; other times, they make a person. Such is the case with Fady "Fred" Helou (@fredhelou), whose difficult origin story propelled him to create the billion-dollar company Vagaro (@vagaropro). After leaving war-torn Lebanon at 18 and having his life savings pickpocketed en route to the U.S., Fred quickly got a job and began attending night school. In this episode, Fred shares how he started climbing the corporate ladder while fostering the idea of a system to facilitate online booking for salons and barbershops. Discover what finally compelled him to create Vagaro, the lessons he learned along the way, and his invaluable advice for other budding entrepreneurs.  

Get ready for an eye-opening episode as Kayla sits down for an honest talk about what really went down between Gio and her. Gio shares the hardships he faced before, during, and after filming that deeply affected him. Exclusive behind-the-scenes insights into the drama among the men in the office, shedding light on moments viewers never got to see. Gio opens up about feeling unprepared for fatherhood and the personal problems he navigated during this challenging time, including marriage struggles with a baby on the way. In this episode, you'll get to know Gio Helou on a deeper level—his childhood, whether he always wanted to be a realtor, the odd jobs he had, and how the show has impacted him. Learn about his current projects, his insights on marriage, and his advice for married couples. Has fatherhood humbled him? Tune in to find out and see a side of Gio you've never seen before. ***If this episode helped you, or you think it will help someone else, please share and a 5 star review is much appreciated*** Watch this episode on YouTube: https://youtu.be/rxdPYT7gXmk

Edgar Helou, Country Leader de SoftwareOne Colombia nos cuenta cómo la prioridad para este 2024 debe ser ayudar a las empresas de Colombia a reducir drásticamente sus costos y sus riesgos relacionados con todos sus activos digitales.

Dáša Čerňová aka Samandra Ozt je nově Junior manažerkou LR Health & Beauty. A taky se dostala do tzv. Fast track programu, takže každý měsíc dostane slušnou finanční odměnu. Rozhodla se pro změnu kvality života. Pro vyšší kvalitu života! Jak pracuje se svou komunitou? Jaké produkty používá, které jí zasádně zlepšily zdravotní stav? Jak jí pomáhá platforma Helou!? A jaké jsou její vize? Hezký poslech přeje Petr Kopčil.

"I coach folks on tapping into wonder and play so that they can experience more pleasure and joy in their lives, in alignment with who they are authentically and unapologetically. And knowing who you are, unapologetically, translates into improvements in your more meaningful relationships and how you run your business."cw: this episode of PowerPivot contains some discussion of sexual abuse.Meet Dr. Christina Helou (they/them), pleasure and play expert, private coach, thought leader, speaker and doctor of physical therapy. Join Leela and Dr. Christina as they discuss pleasure and joy; finding one's own power; pelvic exams and body sovereignty; why FOSTA/SESTA is terrible and harmful; false scarcity; and the serious importance of fun.Connect with Dr. Christina at:https://www.christinahelou.com/Transcript and show notes:https://dev.intensivesinstitute.com/episode/interview-dr-christina-helouRecorded 30 June, 2023.

In this episode of the Front Row with Coach Mark Gottfried, Gio Helou dives into his amazingly successful real estate career. Gio surpassed $100 million in sales at a young age along with starring in the hit Netflix show “Selling the OC”. Gio talks about his career and how he enjoys the Netflix opportunity along with balancing his marriage, a newborn child, and his thriving real estate career.

Please listen to and watch our latest episode of The Lebanese Physicians' Podcast discussing disaster preparedness in hospitals in Lebanon. In this episode, I interview Dr. Mariana Helou, the Chief of Emergency Medicine at the LAU-MC Rizk Hospital in Achrafieh. Dr. Helou is very active in Disaster Medicine and Mass Casualty event preparedness training in Europe. We discuss the August 4th explosion and disaster preparedness at that time, and then discuss current hospital preparedness in Lebanon for a potential mass casualty event given the political events in the region. We discuss emergency preparedness specifically at LAUMC-RH, but also discuss the national emergency preparedness plan and the importance of closed loop communication among the various hospitals in case of a mass casualty event. If you want to learn more about disaster and emergency preparedness, this is the episode to listen to. Also available on Podbean, Apple, Spotify, Anghami, and iHeartRadio Website: www.thelebanesephysicianspodcast.podbean.com #emergencypreparedness #disastermedicine #masscasualtyevent

Wouldn't it be great to win that Nobel prize in educational rocketsurgery by publishing that great multi-institutional medical education study?! We review a paper on research collaborations looking for tips on how to do it right. Host: Jason FrankEpisode ArticleSbaity, E., Zahwe, M., Helou, V., Bahsoun, R., Hassan, Z., Abi Khalil, P., & Akl, E. A. (2023). Health Research Collaborations by Academic Entities: A Systematic Review. Academic Medicine, 98(10), 1220. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000005277Episode webpageHosts: Lara Varpio, Jason Frank, Jonathan Sherbino, Linda SnellTechnical Producer: Samuel LundbergExecutive Producer: Teresa SöröProduction of Unit for teaching and learning at Karolinska Institutet

On today's show, Yousef will bring us the latest news from Gaza and how he believes the conflict will unfold. Later, Kay will update us on how Brexit affected Gibraltar and its economy. Spanish mayor held talks about the Gibraltar treaty as the new Gibraltar government was being sworn in. Lembit will discuss with Kay a new post-Brexit settlement regarding movement and trading on both sides and how that will affect the UK's economy. GUEST 1 OVERVIEW: Yousef Al-Helou is a Palestinian-British journalist, writer, and political analyst hailing from Gaza. GUEST 2 OVERVIEW: Kay Moreno is business owner based in Gibraltar

Gio Helou steps Behind The Velvet Rope. Gio is here to chat about all that is Selling The OC, Season Two. Gio talks cast mates Alex Hall, Jarvis, Tyler, Rose, Polly, Brandi, Kayla and more. We break down season highs and lows, O Group drama, kissing co-stars, office make outs, breaks ups and what this epic two season run has been like. Finally, Gio talks fatherhood, double standards and what we can expect as we look forward to the countdown to Season Three. How long do we have to wait? @giovannehelou @behindvelvetrope @davidyontef BROUGHT TO YOU BY: RELIEFBAND - reliefband.com (20% Off Plus Free Shipping. Use Code VELVET. The #1 FDA-Approved Anti-Nausea Wristband) INDEED - indeed.com/velvet (Seventy Five Dollar $75 Sponsored Job Credit To Upgrade Your Job Post)  THE KARDASHIANS - (Catch New Episodes of The Kardashians on Thursdays, Streaming Only on Hulu) EARNIN - Download The EarnIn App Today (In Google Play or Apple App Store and Type in “Velvet Rope” When You Sign Up To Get Access To The Cash You Have Earned Today!) STARBUCKS - (Introducing the New Starbucks Iced Apple Crisp Oatmilk Shaken Espresso! Order Ahead on The Starbucks App)  ADVERTISING INQUIRIES - Please contact David@advertising-execs.com MERCH Available at - https://www.teepublic.com/stores/behind-the-velvet-rope?ref_id=13198 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

durée : 00:07:08 - La Revue de presse internationale - par : Catherine Duthu - Un cessez-le-feu entre en vigueur dans le camp de réfugiés palestiniens de Aïn el-Heloué, dans le sud du Liban. Cette semaine, 17 personnes ont été tuées et une centaine blessées. Les civils sont prisdans les combats entre le Fatah et des groupuscules islamistes, soutenus par le Hezbollah et l'Iran.

Examination is a big part of how we find the best of the best. This podcast was created to explore life, transparency, perseverance, and all the ways we have learned and been tested in our own lives. From the greatest outcomes to the worst outcomes, sometimes our hypothesis isn't what we thought. We all want to live an abundant life, have a healthy lifestyle, be connected in great relationships, and be at the top of our game. But how? There are three principal means of acquiring knowledge: observation of nature, reflection, and experimentation. Observation collects facts; reflection combines them; experimentation verifies the result of that combination. Join host Brandon Pogue and his guests as they take you on a journey of self-discovery, sharing their experiences and insights on how to evolve into who you were created to be. It's time to take a step into The Lab with Brandon Pogue.

Bon vendredi!  Cette semaine je reçois, Jorj Helou , formateur et coach en Leadership ainsi que fondateur de Leaderzone. Aujourd'hui, gros sujet, la confiance au sien des équipes ! «Leur engagement envers moi en tant que leader et leur engagement envers l'organisation passe surtout par le fait qu'ils savent ce qui s'en vient. » Bonne écoute :)    Pour en savoir plus sur Leaderzone : https://leaderzone.ca/  Pour suivre Jorj Helou sur Linkedin : https://www.linkedin.com/in/jorjhelou/?originalSubdomain=ca  -- **** Pour nous laisser cinq étoiles et un commentaire sur iTunes: http://apple.co/3aWCq1D ******** Pour vous inscrire à l'infolettre : https://www.latalenterie.com/inscription-infolettre --- Pour me suivre sur LinkedIn : mon profil personnel sur LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-jodoin-houle-cebs-crha-735b2049/ ---- Pour suivre La Talenterie :   Site web: https://www.latalenterie.com/ BLOGUE : https://www.latalenterie.com/idees Chaîne YouTube : https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeuRuB8iUdRBB4Ri0pFIERA?view_as=subscriber LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/company/42738397/admin/ Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/la_talenterie/  

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Teen substance use is America's largest, most preventable health crisis in America. 13 is the average age of first drug and alcohol use. 9 out of 10 addictions start in the teen years. Yet there are hardly any school-based drug prevention programs that reach adolescents at the crucial time of brain development when they are most susceptible to experimenting with or using drugs. "Just Say No" did not prove successful but RIZE is taking a different approach. By putting peers in the trenches they are empowering teens to make better choices.RIZE Prevention, created by Martine Helou-Allen, believes the only way to stop teen drug use and substance use disorder is to provide effective drug prevention along with a support system to help teens grow up drug-free. iRIZE by RIZE Prevention is an evidence-based, comprehensive school-based drug prevention program delivered in the Upstate. They use their signature Break Through - Follow Through approach in middle schools, starting in the 6th grade.Martine Helou-Allen is the founder and executive director of RIZE Prevention, a nonprofit in South Carolina that focuses on early prevention and intervention related to substance abuse and addiction. A graduate of Furman University, Martine's passion for saving teens from the destructive and increasingly fatal consequences of drug use has enabled her to create innovative, evidence-based prevention programming that is delivered to middle schools, community organizations, and houses of worship. Prior to founding RIZE Prevention, Martine was the Community Relations Director at the Greenville County Sheriff's Office, an experience that sparked her vision to create and deliver her first drug prevention program “Anything But Free” to teens throughout the state. Martine currently lives in Greenville with her husband Scott and her two sons, Sami and Michael.RIZE Prevention built its iRIZE program on the latest prevention and intervention science. They reach teens before their beliefs and attitudes about drugs have been formed. Treating teens with respect, they seek to empower them to resist drugs and make healthy choices by giving them knowledge about drug use, the skills to resist drug use, and the encouragement to exercise the power of positive choices. https://www.rizeprevention.org/The cornerstone of RIZE success is its Break Through - Follow Through approach. They 'break through' teens' current perceptions to motivate a change in how they perceive drug use. They 'follow through' with the critical support needed to consistently make healthy lifestyle choices. The iRIZE approach encompasses three fundamental steps to empower teens to abstain from drug use and make healthy lifestyle choices:Enlightening them about how unmet emotional needs or underlying issues and experiences, both past and present, affect their choicesEncouraging them to overcome and reverse destructive behaviors or unhealthy choice patternsEmpowering them by supporting their choices to live a drug-free life

Welcome back to Dubai Works, today were joined by Sandra Helou, THE CCO of Metapolis. A 'Metaverse as a Service Platform' built on a world-renowned technology stack and powered by leading blockchain technology. Topics: The Story Of Metapolis The Metaverse Marketplace What's Next For Metapolis

In this episode: Lauren Hawker Zafer is joined by Sandra Helou. Who Can Benefit From This Conversation? This conversation is for anyone who is curious about the future of the internet and how it will impact our daily lives; it is for those who want to understand the creator economy and online culture. How does it work and what are the cultural norms that govern it? Take this opportunity to explore the exciting new developments in decentralized technologies, blockchain, and virtual reality, and how they are coming together to create a new digital landscape. By understanding how the Metaverse and the creator economy works, individuals can identify new business models, create new products and services, and invest in emerging technologies. Who is Sandra Helou? Sandra Helou is Chief Commercial Officer & Co-Founder at Metapolis. With in-depth knowledge and a multidisciplinary background spanning across traditional and digital industries, Sandra leads all commercial aspects of Metapolis across growth, partnerships, strategy, marketing & expansion. Her global experience across Australia, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East enables her to deliver on both strategy level and on execution level. A futurist and action leader at heart, Sandra is committed to enriching and innovating the creator economy, web3 and Metaverse / NFT space.  What is the Metaverse, is one of the most frequently asked questions, so what is it?  The metaverse is a virtual world or space that is interconnected with the physical world and allows users to interact with each other and digital objects in a shared environment. It is often described as a fully immersive and interactive digital world that can be accessed through various devices, including virtual reality headsets. REDEFINING AI is powered by The Squirro Academy - learn.squirro.com. Try our free courses on AI, ML, NLP and Cognitive Search at the Squirro Academy and find out more about Squirro here.

Welcome (back) to the Visionary Nurse® Podcast! The purpose of the podcast is to accompany the work I do as a Community Health Consultant and Coach and Mentor for Nurses (and beyond!), and designed to educate, uplift, and support each other as we dare to be influentially visionary!  As there are so many shifts in healthcare, and many are looking to innovatively expand their knowledge in a variety of settings, it's more important than ever to create sustainable and collaborative changes that cross sectors to influence access to care, business growth, the operation of organizations and institutions, and how we continue to navigate the many changes in our society. In this episode I feature, Martine Helou-Allen, Founder and Executive Director RIZE Prevention Inc., a nonprofit in South Carolina that focuses on early prevention and intervention related to substance abuse and addiction. A graduate of Furman University, Martine's passion for saving teens from the destructive and increasingly fatal consequences of drug use has enabled her to create innovative, evidence-based prevention programming that is delivered to middle schools, community organizations, and houses of worship. Prior to founding RIZE Prevention, Martine was the Community Relations Director at the Greenville County Sheriff's Office, an experience that sparked her vision to create and deliver her first drug prevention program “Anything But Free” to teens throughout the state. Martine currently lives in Greenville with her husband Scott and her two sons, Sami and Michael. *If you'd like to learn more about the RIZE prevention, check out more information here: https://www.rizeprevention.org ---------------------------------------------------- Did you enjoy this content? Looking for a motivational speaker for your next event? Would you like to be a sponsor or supporter of the Visionary Nurse® Podcast? Connect with Me! Follow me @visionarynurse

In this one-on-one with Fr. Mitch, Fr. Jean Maroon Helou of St. Elias Maronite Church explains what drives their community to immigrate around the world, and the effect it has had on their close-knit Christian culture.

In this interview, Anissa Helou discusses how olive oil is an absolute essential ingredient in the Mediterranean kitchen for its health benefits, richness and wonderful flavor. Anissa Helou (www.anissas.com) is a chef, food writer, journalist, broadcaster, consultant and blogger focusing on the cuisines and culinary heritage of the Middle East, Mediterranean and North Africa. Born and raised between Beirut, Lebanon, and Mashta el-Helou, Syria, she knows the Mediterranean as only a well-traveled native can. Anissa is the author of numerous award-winning cookbooks, including Sweet Middle East; Levant; The Fifth Quarter, an Offal Cookbook; Modern Mezze; Savory Baking from the Mediterranean; Mediterranean Street Food; Café Morocco; and Lebanese Cuisine, which was a finalist for the prestigious Andre Simon awards and chosen as one of the Los Angeles Times' favorite books in 1998. Lebanese Cuisine remains the classic and most comprehensive work on this increasingly popular cuisine. Her new book, Feast: The Food of the Islamic World, was published to great acclaim by Ecco in May 2018. It has been short-listed for the very prestigious Art of Eating award and was on “Best of the Year” lists in numerous publications. It has also won the James Beard Foundation award in the International category and was nominated for the IACP awards in the General and International categories. An accomplished photographer and intrepid traveler, she runs culinary tours to various Mediterranean countries and also teaches cooking classes. Anissa was the featured chef in the travel/cooking Show, Al Chef Yaktachef (meaning the chef discovers), shown on Abu Dhabi TV in 2010. She has also featured as one of the judges/mentors to a team of chefs in Taste Arabia, which aired on Al Nahar TV in Egypt and OSN all over the Arab world and was one of the guest judges in the final of one of the series of Top Chef Arabia. She was also listed in 2013 in Arabian Business as one of the 100 Most Powerful Arab Women and on the 500 Most Influential Arabs. Anissa was also the first ever chef-in-residence in Leighton House during their Nour festival in November 2011. In 2013 she helped a group of Egyptian entrepreneurs open Koshari Street in Covent Garden, where they serve her gourmet version of Koshari, the ultimate Egyptian street food. Koshari Street was chosen by the Financial Times as one of London's five best street foods. She is no longer associated with Koshari Street and she now divides her time between Sicily, where she will eventually have a teaching kitchen, and London.  In this interview, Anissa Helou discusses how olive oil is an absolute essential ingredient in the Mediterranean kitchen for its health benefits, richness and wonderful flavor. This recipe and video were produced by The Culinary Institute of America as an industry service, thanks to the generous support of the International Olive Council. Learn more about olive oil at https://www.plantforwardkitchen.org/olive-oil-and-the-plant-forward-kitchen 

Sandra Helou, Chief Operating Officer and Co-Founder at Metapolis, joins Rich Pasqua and Matt Sky to unpack the metaverse, virtual reality, avatars, and the future of web3. We cover: Which industries are leading the way for metaverse/web3 adoption. How to achieve interoperability across different platforms in the space. Common misconceptions surrounding the spatial web. The many considerations of online identity, security, and privacy across virtual worlds. How blockchain, decentralization, and crypto work integrally in the creation of new digital worlds. Episode links: https://www.metapolis.studiohttps://twitter.com/themetapolishttps://twitter.com/sandra_tlibehttps://www.zilliqa.comhttps://twitter.com/zilliqa

Meta Talkz is Powered by IBH Media - If you are a tech company that is getting funded and you need media coverage go to ibhmedia.co    Sandra Helou is Head of Metaverse & NFTs at Zilliqa & Co-founder at Metapolis. With in-depth knowledge and a multidisciplinary background spanning traditional and digital industries, Sandra leads Zilliqa's NFT and Metaverse projects across growth, partnerships, strategy, marketing, and conceptualization. Her global experience across Australia, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East enables her to deliver on both strategy level and on execution level. A Futurist and action leader at heart, Sandra is committed to enriching and innovating the creator economy, web3, and Metaverse / NFT space.   Also, check out Meta Talkz for future and past guests. 

Rabih Helou, Executive Director of Pitt's Center for Governance and Markets, is set to appear on TechVibe Radio this Sunday (6/19) to detail how the center creates space for scholars to explore and exchange diverse ideas and produce rigorous research and teaching on the impact of governance institutions, markets and technology on peaceful coexistence, freedom and well-being in the United States and around the world Rabih will also talk about the center's Afghanistan Project that is bringing Afghan scholars to Pittsburgh to pursue their studies and research. It's an amazing project, so tune in to learn more!

Está no ar, o 14° episódio do Metadoxos. Troque de cadeira comigo e com a deputada estadual Marina Helou, onde o tema central é: mulheres na política. Discutiremos a partir de um olhar renovado e refrescado o movimento da nova política e como a representatividade é o ponto chave da mudança e de exercer os direitos de cada indivíduo. Essa conversa é um grande convite para a sociedade se engajar! Bom play!

0:00 Intro 0:58 Childhood 7:34 Enter parliament 12:47 Sovereignty 24:41 Pressure 29:25 Violence 43:02 Army figure 51:06 Baabda voters 57:00 Memories of my father We're with Khalil Helou for Episode 312 of The Beirut Banyan. Click to watch: https://youtu.be/eOk2q_hr9Es We discuss his childhood pre-civil war, a well-established army turned political career, issues of sovereignty and foreign policy, and how to affect change through parliament. Our conversation includes campaigning on the ground in Baabda and tackling system failure through legislature. Khalil Helou is MP candidate in Baabda district. Help support The Beirut Banyan by contributing via PayPal: https://www.paypal.me/walkbeirut Or donating through our Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/thebeirutbanyan Subscribe to our podcast from your preferred platform. Follow us on Facebook, Instagram & Twitter: @thebeirutbanyan And check out our website: www.ronniechatah.com Music by Marc Codsi. Animation & illustration by Sana Chaaban.

Imagine moving to a foreign country alone, as a teenager with no career lined up . Scary, right? Well then wait 'til you hear the story of this week's podcast guest. Fred Helou is an immigrant entrepreneur who left Lebanon during a civil war, was pickpocketed for every dollar he had on his way to America, eventually got laid off from the career he managed to create, but then turned adversity into opportunity by starting a company now valued at $1 billion. And the name of that company? You guessed it, Vagaro. This story is one that distinctly defines making the best out of what you have. Join host Taylor Burke as she gets Fred to discuss everything from hiding from wartime gunfire as a kid, learning valuable lessons from his father's businesses, and what he plans for Vagaro's future.

In this episode with Michel Helou, a candidate for the Baabda District and a National Bloc leader we discuss his personal career, the state of the opposition, hurdles and prospects and whichever hope that remains.

Sandra Helou is head of metaverse and NFTs at Zilliq, a Singapore-based blockchain company which aims to solve scalability issues, by using sharding technology for rapid transaction processing. She is responsible for ensuring that Zilliqa's use of NFTs includes minting and trading them in an energy-efficient way. Sandra also heads up the company's journey towards the metaverse and navigating which route Web 3.0 might take. In this in-depth conversation, Sandra gives listeners an insight into some of the complexities of her role, such as working to bridge the gap between the physical and digital world; describes the future of the metaverse as a space where ‘everyone belongs and connects;' and describes ‘Metapolis,' their highly immersive XR metaverse platform and the role Zilliqa will play in this emerging space.

Roni Helou is a rising star from Lebanon's fashion scene. The young designer talks about making fashion with a message, why he staged a photoshoot on a mountain of garbage, and surviving the explosion that devastated Beirut in 2020.      See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In our 56th episode, the LIVE recording of Samanta Helou-Hernandez and I’s special talk for Grand Park’s L.A. Voices, an annual festival celebrating L.A.’s prolific arts and culture scene with the city’s talent. Samanta and I interview each other to discuss “behind-the-scenes” notes for Making Our Neighborhood: Redlining, Gentrification and Housing in East Hollywood, includingContinue reading EPISODE 56 – GRAND PARK’S L.A. VOICES WITH SAMANTA HELOU-HERNANDEZ →

In our 56th episode, the LIVE recording of Samanta Helou-Hernandez and I’s special talk for Grand Park’s L.A. Voices, an annual festival celebrating L.A.’s prolific arts and culture scene with the city’s talent. Samanta and I interview each other to discuss “behind-the-scenes” notes for Making Our Neighborhood: Redlining, Gentrification and Housing in East Hollywood, includingContinue reading EPISODE 56 – GRAND PARK’S L.A. VOICES WITH SAMANTA HELOU-HERNANDEZ →