Podcasts about Euthyphro

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss Plato's Crito and Phaedo, his accounts of the last days of Socrates in prison in 399 BC as he waited to be executed by drinking hemlock. Both works show Socrates preparing to die in the way he had lived: doing philosophy. In the Crito, Plato shows Socrates arguing that he is duty bound not to escape from prison even though a bribe would open the door, while in the Phaedo his argument is for the immortality of the soul which, at the point of death, might leave uncorrupted from the 'prison' of his body, the one escape that truly mattered to Socrates. His example in his last days has proved an inspiration to thinkers over the centuries and in no small way has helped ensure the strength of his reputation.WithAngie Hobbs Professor of the Public Understanding of Philosophy at the University of SheffieldFiona Leigh Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at University College LondonAnd James Warren Professor of Ancient Philosophy at the University of Cambridge and Fellow of Corpus Christi College, CambridgeProducer: Simon TillotsonReading list:David Ebrey, Plato's Phaedo: Forms, Death and the Philosophical Life (Cambridge University Press, 2023)Dorothea Frede, ‘The Final Proof of the Immortality of the Soul in Plato's Phaedo 102a-107a' (Phronesis 23, 1978)W. K. C. Guthrie, A History of Greek Philosophy, vol. 4, Plato: The Man and his Dialogues, Earlier Period (Cambridge University Press, 2008) Verity Harte, ‘Conflicting Values in Plato's Crito' (Archiv. für Geschichte der Philosophie 81, 1999)Angie Hobbs, Why Plato Matters Now (Bloomsbury, forthcoming 2025), especially chapter 5 Rachana Kamtekar (ed.), Plato's Euthyphro, Apology and Crito: Critical Essays (Rowman and Littlefield, 2004)Richard Kraut, Socrates and the State (Princeton University Press, 1984)Melissa Lane, ‘Argument and Agreement in Plato's Crito' (History of Political Thought 19, 1998) Plato (trans. Chris Emlyn-Jones and William Preddy), Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo and Phaedrus (Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 2017)Plato (trans. G. M. A. Grube and John Cooper), The Trial and Death of Socrates: Euthyphro Apology, Crito, Phaedo (Hackett, 2001) Plato (trans. Christopher Rowe), The Last Days of Socrates: Euthyphro, Apology, Crito, Phaedo (Penguin, 2010)Donald R. Robinson (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Socrates (Cambridge University Press, 2011)David Sedley and Alex Long (eds.), Plato: Meno and Phaedo (Cambridge University Press, 2010)James Warren, ‘Forms of Agreement in Plato's Crito' (Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 123, Issue 1, April 2023)Robin Waterfield, Why Socrates Died: Dispelling the Myths (Faber and Faber, 2010)In Our Time is a BBC Studios Audio Production

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We all believe it is important to be ethical people and make good moral decisions. Right? The problem is if we can ever come to a conclusion about what qualifies as a "moral decision." C. Ben Mitchell writes, "If relativism is true, it also means that the search for enduring, universal moral norms is futile. But the fact that we live in a relativistic world also means that if relativism is not true, we need to know how to respond to a view that is so pervasive in our culture." Join me as we engage in a moral discussion and try to find clarity in a morally confused culture. "Ethics and Moral Reasoning" by C. Ben Mitchell will be our primary text today. Bring your questions and join the show! I'll be taking your calls! Content Discussed 0:00 Intro 2:50 A look at upcoming shows and events 6:15 Intro to our series on reclaiming the Christian intellectual tradition 9:20 Living in a relativistic world 13:31 5 problems with moral relativism 22:45 Can you prove objective morality? 26:43 Do you believe in evolution? 27:05 Relative morality isn't the same as arbitrary morality 29:50 Is this the fallacy of extremes? 31:00 What side of the Euthyphro dilemma do you take? 33:35 A history of moral reasoning 45:52 Issues with Enlightenment Ethics 48:27 Views of Christian Ethics 51:20 An argument for objective morality 1:02:13 Something doesn't have to be objective to be important 1:03:42 How do I control hate in my heart for people who abuse children? 1:08:57 If homosexuality is morally wrong, why are some people born gay? 1:11:51 Caller - Do I read secular authors? 1:14:04 Caller - Why does objective morality matter for our everyday lives? 1:23:14 Caller - Why is indentured servitude immoral? 1:25:37 Caller - How do atheists ground objective morality? 1:32:38 Closing

It's time to start a new year and new book for our long-form deep dive reviews of terrible Mormon books. And this one is… not terrible? The Givens present a form of Mormon theology which tries to “make sense of life” and we're here for any Mormon theology that doesn't include discrimination, sexism, and anything holding it over from its past. We dive into the introduction and first chapter of the book. But, what would a book review be without some due diligence about the authors? We spend the first portion talking about Terryl and Fiona Givens, their histories, publishing careers, and try to get a sense for what we can expect throughout this book.   Terryl and Fiona Givens: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiona_Givens https://www.fionagivens.com/about https://www.patheos.com/topics/2014-religious-trends/mormon/joseph-smith-on-mormon-women-and-the-priesthood-fiona-givens-071014?p=2 https://www.dialoguejournal.com/articles/the-perfect-union-of-man-and-womanreclamation-and-collaboration-in-joseph-smiths-theology-making/ https://www.dialoguejournal.com/articles/missing-and-restoring-meaning/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terryl_Givens https://www.terrylgivens.com/about https://web.archive.org/web/20110827023337/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/705385222/Daniel-Peterson-Terryl-Givens-making-his-mark-in-Mormon-writing.html https://www.google.com/books/edition/By_the_Hand_of_Mormon/cC_RCwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA3&printsec=frontcover https://www.deseret.com/2012/11/15/20509757/scholars-terryl-and-fiona-givens-discuss-life-love-and-their-new-book-the-god-who-weeps/ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zA7kdkzW09c https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yecCget_CNM   Sword of Laman:    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietrich_Bonhoeffer https://www.gotquestions.org/did-Jesus-go-to-hell.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euthyphro_dilemma https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-suvkwNYSQo   Email: glassboxpodcast@gmail.com  Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/GlassBoxPod  Patreon page for documentary: https://www.patreon.com/SeerStonedProductions Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/glassboxpodcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlassBoxPod  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/glassboxpodcast/  Merch store: https://www.redbubble.com/people/exmoapparel/shop Or find the merch store by clicking on “Store” here: https://glassboxpodcast.com/index.html One time Paypal donation: bryceblankenagel@gmail.com  Venmo: Shannon-Grover-10   

In this video, I dive into Plato's Euthyphro and explore its famous dilemma: Are moral laws good because God commands them, or does God command them because they are good? Reflecting on my time as a Mormon, I apply this question to one seemingly simple rule: Why can't Mormons drink coffee? Join me as I philosophize through faith, culture, and coffee.Read the Euthyphro by Plato for Free at: https://www.platonicfoundation.org/translation/euthyphro/Send Me a Text Message with Your QuestionsIMPORTANT LINKS:

Bob Enyart debated TheologyOnline.com's resident atheist and psychologist Zakath on the question of Does God Exist? You can read it online or get the paperback version, perfect for reading while sitting in front of the fireplace and drinking a cup of coffee. (And you can get Bob's video seminar by the same title with a similar presentation, all designed to hone the apologetics skills of believers and to help unbelievers see the truth.) Click for  Round 1b and here's the ToC from the paperback... Table of Contents Introduction Moderator Begins the Debate Round 1 Definition of God; Potential cost of atheism and theism; On evidence for the Creator from physics and biology Round 2 On the existence of truth; On the existence of right and wrong; On the origin of the universe; On the origin of biological life Round 3 Evidence for truth from multiple frames of reference; On morality; On the origin of the universe; On the origin of biological life; On disagreements over moral values; On the origin of consciousness Round 4 On absolute morality; On the God of the Gaps; On universal conscience as evidence for absolute morality Round 5 Implication of widespread evil; On absolute morality; On the God of the Gaps; On falsifiability of natural origins [Hear also Bob's discussion with atheist Dr. John Henderson at rsr.org/problem-of-evil.] Round 6 On God as the standard of morality; On falsifiability of natural origins; On disagreements over religious beliefs; On the falsifiability of Christianity; On the physics of creation; On scientific progress and religious faith; On the nature of physical and spiritual laws; On evidence for the Creator from the Solar System Round 7 On conscience and sociopaths; On guilt as a cause of religious disagreement; On whether God's nature can theoretically define an absolute moral standard; On the absolute nature of laws; On the effect of conscience; On the possibilities inherent in eons of time Round 8 Accusations against the God of the Bible; On absolute morality; the mathematics of probability; On evidence for the Creator from human behavior; On atheist morality   Round 9 On evidence from higher biological functions like vision and flight; On natural selection as a conservative force Round 10 On seven atheist sayings; On the Transcendental proof for God; On atheism and sodium pentothal (truth serum); On the scientific statements in the Bible; On prophecies in the Bible; On the non-prophecies of the Bible; On an offered conclusion Moderator Ends the Debate Appendix (in the paperback edition of the debate)A Christian Answer to Euthyphro  BEL Resources * Ten Atheist Clichés Disproved in Eight Seconds or less! Based on material in the debate and listed over on our main atheism page at kgov.com/atheism, here's a list of ten atheist clichés that can be disproved in eight seconds or less. Atheist Cliché 1: There is no truth! Theist Rebuttal: Is that true? [1 second] Okay, well then... Atheist Cliché 2: Truth is unknowable! Theist Rebuttal: How do you know? [1 second] Well then, for certain... Atheist Cliché 3: There are no absolutes! Theist Rebuttal: Absolutely? [1 second] Well, okay, but... Atheist Cliché 4: Only your five senses provide real knowledge! Theist Rebuttal: Says which of the five? [2 seconds] Ouch. Got me there. Okay, well at least... Atheist Cliché 5: Logical arguments are not "evidence." Theist Rebuttal: What is your evidence for that? [2.5 seconds] Atheist Cliché 6: Only the physical realm is real! Theist Rebuttal: That claim itself is not physical, so it's self refuting. [3 seconds] Atheist Cliché 7: Great suffering proves that a loving God cannot exist! Theist Rebuttal: The unstated assumption is false, that suffering can have no value or purpose. [4.5 secs] Atheist Cliché 8: Atheism is scientific, because science does not allow for a supernatural interpretation of an event! Theist Rebuttal: This circular reasoning tricks atheists into assuming that which they thought they proved. [5 seconds] Atheist Cliché 9: Widespread evil proves that a righteous God cannot exist! Theist Rebuttal: The two unstated assumptions are false: that love can be forced; and that some love is not worth enduring much hate. [6.5 seconds] Atheist Cliché 10: If theists claim that the universe could not have always been here, then God couldn't have always been here either. Theist Rebuttal: The natural universe is subject to the physical laws, so it would run out of useable energy; a supernatural, spiritual God is not subject to physics. [7.9 seconds] "If your worldview can be dismantled within eight seconds, then get a better one." -Bob Enyart, adapted from TheologyOnline's Battle Royale VII: Does God Exist?. You may also want to check out kgov.com/debates. 

Join us for an exploration of theology and philosophy from a Christian worldview that will help your apologetics. In this clip from Episode #98, we tackle the ancient philosophical question known as the Euthyphro Dilemma, first presented in Plato's dialogues. Is something morally good because God commands it, or does God command it because it is morally good? Join us as we explore the implications of this dilemma on moral standards and provide a solid answer from a Christian worldview. We'll explain why the God of the Bible offers an ultimate, unchanging moral foundation, contrasting it with the arbitrary ethics of the Greek gods. Discover how the Christian understanding of God's nature resolves this age-old moral dilemma once and for all. If you enjoy this, please help the ministry by leaving a five-star rating and review on your podcast app. Be sure to subscribe for more Christian apologetics, philosophy, and worldview discussions! Connect with us online: Website: https://thethink.institute Facebook:   / thethinkinstitute   Twitter:   / thinkinst   Instagram:   / thethinkinstitute   LinkedIn:   / thethinkinstitute   YouTube:    / thethinkinstitute   Join the Hammer & Anvil Society, our community for Christian men: https://thethink.institute/society ThinkSquad Facebook Group:   / thinksquad  

Philosopher Stefan Molyneux tackles listener questions from Facebook!"I've been procrastinating and stuck in the past for 19 years and can't stand the aging process. What can be done?""Was Plato's Republic a political project or a metaphorical work of irony?""Do we have free will or are we all determined, such as sapolsky or harris says we are?"What is morality and is there an absolute and objective morality?""Not philosophy question but I am wondering why you don't regularly chime in on current events? Not as often as before as far as I can tell.""How do we decide on what should be the proper functions of government??""Do you think the NAP is coherent with human nature? Or, conversely, aren't humans (as all animals) aggressive by nature?""Why is it that I can philosophise all day but as soon as someone asks me to do so, mind blank ? Could a topic jog a process for this maybe ?""If we create the world around us with our minds and those signals could easily be messed up how does one fundamentally believe their reality is real or just imagined. If we manifest our reality are we creating our own adversity to overcome.""At what age can a male or female make sexual choices for his or her self?""With all your talent and skills and added value you brought to the world in it's time of need, why of Why did you ever stop producing your 'The truth about...' videos???

The Louisiana mandate to post the Ten Commandments in every classroom raises the threat of theocracy. John and Mary Jo have a lot to say.

Ako slávne povedal britský matematik a filozof Alfred North Whitehead, "najbezpečnejšia všeobecná charakteristika európskej filozofickej tradície je taká, že pozostáva z radu poznámok pod čiarou k Platónovi". Ja sám rád hovoriem, že Platónove dialógy sú bibliou kritického myslenie a že skutočné kritické myslenie je filozofické myslenie postavené na Sokratovej metóde dopytovania. ----more---- Dnes preto pokračujeme s ďalším Platónovom dialógom s názvom Euthyfrón, kde hľadanie definície zbožnosti privedie Sokrata k formulácii známej Euthyfrovej dilemy: Je niečo dobré preto, lebo do chcú bohovia, aleto to bohovia chcú preto, lebo je to dobré? Inými slovami, je morálka ultimátne ukotvená v božskej autorite alebo je naopak možné mať sekulárnu morálku bez božej existencie? Viac o tejto dileme, a či nie je náhodou falošná, sa zamyslíme o chvíľu. Súvisiace dávky: PD#283: Platónov dialóg Štát, http://bit.ly/davka283  PD#230: Platónov dialóg Gorgias, http://bit.ly/davka230  PD#125: Platónov dialóg Kritón, http://bit.ly/davka125  Použitá alebo odporúčaná literatúra:  Plato, Euthyphro (The Internet Classics Archive, online anglická verzia) Woodruff,"Plato's Shorter Ethical Works" (SEP, 2023) Bonevac, "Plato, Euthyphro: Reverence and Justice" (YouTube, od 7:42) Chappell, "Euthyphro's "Dilemma", Socrates' Daimonion and Plato's God" (European Journal for Philosophy of Religion, 2010) Sadler, "Plato, Euthyphro | The Euthyphro Dilemma | Philosophy Core Concepts" (YouTube) *** Baví ťa s nami rozmýšľať? Podpor našu tvorbu priamo na SK1283605207004206791985 alebo cez Patreon (https://bit.ly/PDtreon), kde Ťa odmeníme aj my.

Euthyphro, Apology, Crito are three dialogues discussing the morality and justice surrounding the death of Socrates, written by Plato.In Crito, Socrates' friend, Crito, offers to smuggle Socrates out of Athens to escape his punishment. Socrates makes the case that it would be unjust, or morally wrong for him to do so.Is it always wrong to disobey society and societal laws? Is man the slave and society the master? How do we know what is moral and immoral?What does morality and justice have to do with Bitcoin?

We all know what justice is, and morality too... We just can't explain it very well.Plato explores these topics in the Euthyphro Dialogue which we dive into. This episode discusses the arguments Socrates makes to Euthyphro and their relevance to today, the method Socrates uses to discover truth, and the answers that Socrates gives us to life's greatest questions.

Today, we continue our series on the moral argument for theism. We discuss the Euthyphro dilemma, Hume's Law, and explore a back-and-forth between William Lane Craig and Michael Huemer on the question, “Why obey God?” Common Mistakes about the Moral Argument | Majesty of Reason Majesty of Reason – Moral Arguments for God: An Analysis … Continue reading CA126 Euthyphro's Revenge →

DAY 351 CHALLENGE “If something is good just because God says it is, then morality is arbitrary. But if there's an independent standard of morality that even God is bound to, that means there exists something besides God that is eternal and that is able to bind God.” DEFENSE God is the ultimate standard of goodness. A version of this argument was proposed in Plato's dialogue Euthyphro around 400 B.C. In it, Socrates debates whether piety is whatever the gods love or whether the gods love something because it is pious. In philosophy, this has become known as the “Euthyphro dilemma.” T…

Greg responds to questions about why Christians recommend Dennis Prager when he teaches things antithetical to Christianity, whether Christians who say there's only one way to God are closed-minded “religionists,” and a challenge to Greg's response to the Euthyphro dilemma.   Topics: Why do so many Christians recommend Dennis Prager when much of what he teaches seems to be antithetical to Christianity? (00:00) How do I respond to someone who says I shouldn't be a closed-minded “religionist” who thinks there's only one way to God? (17:00) In light of the fact that it seems God has given conflicting commands in the past, if God were to do something evil but call it good, how could we make that determination? (47:00) Mentioned on the Show:  Tactics: A Game Plan for Discussing Your Christian Convictions by Greg Koukl Street Smarts: Using Questions to Answer Christianity's Toughest Challenges by Greg Koukl The Story of Reality: How the World Began, How It Ends, and Everything Important that Happens in Between by Greg Koukl Related Links: God Cares More about Behavior Than Most People Think by Amy Hall (responding to the idea that God cares about behavior rather than theology)

In this episode, Dr. Junius Johnson and Fr. Wesley Walker explore the philosophical questions surrounding the nature of piety, ethics, and the divine. Join us for an enlightening discussion that delves deep into this timeless work of ancient philosophy.End Notes: * God Matters by Herbert McCabe* St. Anselm* “With or Without You” by U2 Get full access to The Classical Mind at www.theclassicalmind.com/subscribe

In this episode of the Awareness to Action Enneagram podcast, Mario Sikora and Seth "Creek" Creekmore explore trends that they've noticed in the Enneagram community, trying to better understand this question – what is the Enneagram for?“What we're talking about when we're talking about the Enneagram is a shared concept or structure, a system that helps identify and explain, conceptualize these patterns that we've observed over time.” -Creek [09:29]“Every explanation is a start, even if it's incomplete, even if it contains inaccuracies. And we have to remember that our own explanations are a start, and the process is to continue to evolve those explanations as we look for errors in them and correct them.” -Mario [22:35]TIMESTAMPS[00:01] Intro[00:51] What's the Enneagram for?[06:02] What is a materialist[09:23] Fixed or evolving body of knowledge?[13:53] Which Enneagram application?[17:42] Different teachers and different versions[23:35] Alternative hypothesis[27:54] The Euthyphro dilemma[31:03] The use of religious faith[34:40] Enneagram becoming more a religion[38:49] Similarities in every tradition[42:02] OutroConnect with us:Awareness to ActionEnneagram on DemandIG: @ataenneagrampodMario Sikora: IG: @mariosikoraWeb: mariosikora.comPod: Enneagram in a MovieMaria Jose Munita: IG: @mjmunitaWeb: mjmunita.comSeth "Creek" Creekmore: IG: @_creekmorePod: Fathoms | An Enneagram PodcastPod: Delusional Optimism

Bob Enyart urges prayer for the public schools to not reopen on time for the next school year (or ever for that matter). And as programming notes, Bob mentions that producer Tim Mahoney may be on the show this week heading toward Friday's online premier, Patterns: Red Sea Miracle II and also that last week's guest, Bevelyn Beatty was arrested along with her partner in crime Edmee Chavannes and our longtime BEL friend Ken Scott, for not wearing masks to a Cape Coral city council meeting where it was decided, thankfully but ironically, to not order mask wearing! Then Bob concludes his "train-up your mind" clear thinking segments using the atheist "Euthyphro's Dilemma" argument. Google ranks Bob's Christian reply #1 at kgov.com/euthyphro. Euthyphro Part 1 introduced Socrates' argument. Part 2 evaluated the Divine Command View. Part 3 introduced the Recognition View. In Part 4 the Recognition View Met the Trinity. Part 5 turned Euthyphro's Dilemma against Bertrand Russell and the atheists. And Part 6 concludes the matter answering succinctly, Is something good because God commands it to be good? No. Is something good because God recognizes it as good? Yes. And is that standard external to Himself? No. But then, how could that work, and not be logically inconsistent? Tune in, especially to Parts 3 and 4, and today's conclusion, as we demonstrate how the Triune God fully answers what turns out to be not ours, but the atheist's dilemma! To hear the full series, start at kgov.com/euthyphro-1. Today's Resource: Does God Exist? (Debate)Bob Enyart Bob Enyart pastors Denver Bible Church. Bob began his professional life working for McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Company designing simulation software for the Army's Apache AH-64 attack helicopter, and then went to work for U S West, Microsoft Corporation, and PC Week. Bob eventually left his computing career to work fulltime in Christian ministry and to host a talk show. In 1991, Bob Enyart Live began airing on Denver's KLTT radio, and can still be heard there weeknights at 7 p.m. During the mid 90s, Bob's show moved to television and was available in eighty cities from Honolulu to Orlando. More than 50,000 copies of Bob's audio and video teaching tapes have been sold. And a few thousand people have read the overview of the Bible presented in The Plot manuscript which is Bob Enyart's life's work. Bob launched www.KGOV.com in 1999 with the purchase of O.J. Simpson's Hall of Fame Award and football jerseys, burning those items at the largest single-event press conference in the history of the LA courthouse. And Bob has organized a mobile protest of President Bill Clinton following him from Martha's Vineyard to Auckland, New Zealand with over 1,000 protests in 147 US and foreign cities for Clinton's sexual abuse of women. Bob has worked with parents of slain Columbine students to close down memorials to murderers Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, and was glad to see the destruction of two crosses on Rebel Hill and two trees planted in West Bowles Community Church memorial garden. Bob has been appeared on over 100 TV and radio shows, including multiple episodes of ABC's Politically Incorrect with Bill Maher; Fox News Channel's O'Reilly Factor and Hannity and Colmes, CNBC's Hardball with Chris Matthews, and various appearances on MS-NBC, the BBC, XTRA, Michael Reagan, E Network, etc. including on scores of radio stations from LA's KABC to NY's WABC.Zakath Zakath, a two and a half year veteran poster on TOL, is an atheist with a past. The man behind the screen name was raised in a Christian home, seminary trained, earned a doctorate in counseling psychology, pastored two churches, founded a Christian school, and a Christian counseling practice with his wife of twenty-five years. Zakath left the Christian faith almost ten years ago, eventually ending up in his present belief system, atheism. Zakath is the father of four grown children; two in active duty military service, and two in the federal consulting field. When he's not posting on TOL, he runs his consulting business, enjoys reading, organic gardening (and ponding), martial arts, and home brewing.

Yesterday's guest, Bevelyn of Chaz, was arrested again, this time for not wearing a mask, along with Edmee of Manhattan and Ken Scott of the Heavenlies. And Bob Enyart reports the important development that baby body parts are not being used in the $1.6 billion dollar U.S. coronavirus vaccine contract that just went to Novavax, and that pharmaceutical giant Sanofi Pasteur has now discontinued using fetal tissue in the production of their polio vaccine. Then Bob continues his "train-up your mind" clear thinking segments using the atheist "Euthyphro's Dilemma" argument. Google ranks Bob's Christian reply #1 at kgov.com/euthyphro. Euthyphro Part 1 introduced Socrates' argument. Part 2 evaluated the Divine Command View. Part 3 introduced the Recognition View. In Part 4 the Recognition View Meets the Trinity. Today's Part 5 turns Euthyphro's Dilemma against Bertrand Russell and the atheists. To hear the full series, just click on over to kgov.com/euthyphro-1. * RSR's HCQ Updates: See rsr.org/hcq for the full list. Most recently, the Int'l Society of Infectious Diseases reports HCQ cut the death rate by half in a Henry Ford Health System study of 2,541 hospitalized patients.* COVID Vaccines: Our friends over at cogforlife.org list the COVID vaccines under development being produced morally including those from Merck, Sanofi, and from Novavax, which on July 7th received a $1.6 billion dollar U.S. vaccine contract. Those producing vaccines immorally include Moderna and Johnson & Johnson which use fetal tissue. We strongly urge everyone to boycott vaccines developed using tissue harvested from aborted unborn children. (Remember, many institutions and celebrities who have been "pro-choice" all along are now also calling to legalize infanticide, what they call after-birth abortion.) Related: Recently, pharmaceutical giant Sanofi Pasteur discontinued using fetal tissue for its polio vaccine! While many parents have other vaccine concerns this development is an important step toward moral and socially sustainable medicine.* RSR's 25 Christian COVID Conspiracies: Bob presents a list of conspiracies vs. actual pandemic insights.* "Cases Spiking" Fake News through June & July: (July Update) All of the breathless national media reporting on "spikes" in cases through June and July are nothing but fake news when delivered without context. The mainstream media, and even Fox News and many on their network including Neil Cavuto, report "spikes" without putting that data within the needed context of increased testing and especially, the long-term steady reduction in deaths Today's Video Resource: Get out of the Matrix Bob takes on a college professor and her philosophy class in a debate regarding absolutes. Who wins? The students have been taught that nothing is absolutely right or wrong, so Bob asks them if that is absolutely right. And they’ve been taught that they can only know that which their five senses have told them, so Bob asks them which of their five senses told them that. Is the lack of intellectualism in this college class representative of American higher education? You can decide as you view this video, one of Bob’s most extraordinary presentations.

Bob Enyart plugs tomorrow's interview with Bevelyn of Chaz, and our Pulitzer Prize for Fiction Russia collusion graphic (at kgov.com/russia), and reports on the efforts to tear down the pyramids and everything done in the name of kgov.com/racist-Darwin who wrote that white Europeans like him are most civilized and that blacks are closest to apes. Then Bob continues his "clear thinking segments" using as fodder the atheist "Euthyphro's Dilemma" argument. Google ranks Bob's Christian reply #1 at kgov.com/euthyphro. On Euthyphro Part 1 we introduced Socrates' argument. In Part 2 we evaluated the Divine Command View. In Part 3 we introduced what's called the Recognition View. And now in Part 4 the "Recognition View Meets the Trinity". To hear the full series, just click on over to kgov.com/euthyphro-1. * Liberals HATE Anti-Communists: Hollywood, Hillary, Homosexuals, Humanists, Hillary (did I say Hillary?), et al., HATE anti-communists like Sen. Joe McCarthy, the John Birch Society, and the House Un-American Activities Committee, even though none of these have ever murdered anyone, whereas the left has always had a soft spot in their hearts for the godless communist Soviet Union that killed about twenty million people, until... * Murdering Millions or Losing a Campaign? Which is the last straw for the Democrats? As long as the former Soviet Union was only guilty of murdering millions of their own people (via democide), leftists had a warm place in their heart for Russia. Let them imagine though the Russians tilting one election, and their disapproval rages. Ironically, the actual Russia campaign collusion was when the DNC and Hillary Clinton paid millions for a foreign spy to collect anonymous Russian disinformation in hopes the dossier would interfere with the election. Thus the New York Times won the 2018 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction by ignoring the real ones and connecting dots that never actually connected. Today's Video Resource: Get out of the Matrix Bob takes on a college professor and her philosophy class in a debate regarding absolutes. Who wins? The students have been taught that nothing is absolutely right or wrong, so Bob asks them if that is absolutely right. And they’ve been taught that they can only know that which their five senses have told them, so Bob asks them which of their five senses told them that. Is the lack of intellectualism in this college class representative of American higher education? You can decide as you view this video, one of Bob’s most extraordinary presentations.

Bob Enyart reports briefly on Matt Drudge's apparent abduction (or rejection, as in, hell hath no fury like a gossip columnist scorned), on the Pope's confused request for help, and on the Tulsa thug who resisted arrest severely injuring one officer and murdering another. Then Bob continues his "clear thinking segments" using as fodder the atheist "Euthyphro" argument. Google ranks Bob's Christian reply #1 at kgov.com/euthyphro. On Euthyphro Part 1 Bob introduced Socrates' argument and in Part 2 evaluated the Divine Command View. Today in Part 3 He introduces what's called the Recognition View. To hear the full series, just click on over to kgov.com/euthyphro-1. Today's Resource: Monthly BEL TV Classics Bob Enyart, America's most popular, self proclaimed, rightwing religious fanatic, homophobic, anti-choice talk show host is the Pastor if Denver Bible Church. Nielsen ratings have shown BEL drawing a larger audience than NBC's Conan O'Brien on a couple nights each week, for example, in South Bend, IN, a top 100 American market with 300,000 households! Now you can get episodes of the classic Bob Enyart Live TV show each month on DVD.4 Shows Monthly - $24.99 8 Shows Monthly - $34.99 12 Shows Monthly - $49.99

After making fun of the public school system for not even teaching kids how many kidneys they have (nor that the kidneys are the locus of thought :) and correcting the record on the number of U.S. medical docs (more than a half million) who believe that humans exist because of God, Bob Enyart continued his rebuttal of the atheist "Euthyphro" argument. Google ranks Bob's Christian reply #1 at kgov.com/euthyphro and brilliant scientist Dr. Jonathan Sarfati links to KGOV from his own writing on Euthyphro! On Euthyphro Part 1 Bob introduced the argument that dates back to Socrates which asks 1) Is something (like humility) good because God recognizes it as good? Or 2) Is something good because God commands that it is good? Today Bob discusses option two, called the Divine Command View, which leads to theoretical possibilities like Thou shalt murder, Thou shalt steal, Thou shalt bear false witness. (And for any liberal reading this, the part about the "locus of thought" was a joke of course.) To hear the full series, just click on over to kgov.com/euthyphro-1. Today's resource:Spiritual Growth Pack: Christians sometimes need a push forward to grow spiritually. After forty years as a Christian, these teachings represent my best effort at discipling another Christian to mature in his or her relationship with God: The Plot presents an amazing overview of the whole Bible story. The Tree leads a believer into a deeper relationship with God. Predestination & Free Will will help the believer better understand God and reality. Bible Tour of Israel brings the viewer along on our trip to Israel and celebrates much of what he has already learned reinforcing the key spiritual truths! So many believers have said that their understanding of the Bible has grown greatly and their spiritual lives have matured as they have benefited from these four teaching materials. We invite you to do likewise!

Is an action right because the gods command it, or do the gods command it because it is right?  This was the question posed by Socrates to a priest named Euthyphro over 2000 years ago, and it has become one of the most famous questions in all of philosophy. In this episode, I talk about how either of these options are a tough pill to swallow, because one implies that God's commands are arbitrary, and the other implies that God's commands are not the foundation of morality. I discuss which option I think is most plausible, and then I talk about some practical benefits of thinking through the Euthyphro dilemma for both believers and non-believers alike. Outro music; "Tokyo Cafe" by TVARI on PixabayIntro music: "Lofi Heavy Chill Bass & Keyboard" by Phill Dillow on PixabayConnect with me ;) Twitter: https://twitter.com/VirtueVibesInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/jarrodblair/Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@VirtueVibesEmail: jarrod@virtuevibes.org

* District Attorney Euthyphro weighs in on Spike Lee and Gen. Flynn: Athens' district attorney Euthyphro weighs in on the hoax charges against General Michael Flynn being dropped and then on Spike Lee within 24 hours praising and then apologizing for praising Woody Allen. (See this at kgov.com/pedophiles. Turns out Jerry Falwell was ahead of his time. Thirty years ago on Bob Enyart Live we'd say that Falwell would schedule on his calendar, "Monday, issue statement. Wednesday, apologize." For whenever the Moral Majority leader would say something about a current moral controversy within 48 hours he would apologize. Now, #MeToo and Cancel Culture have leftists doing the same. Ha!) Euthyphro also explains why the concept of a "hate" crime, even though there's no such thing as "love" crimes, is nonetheless a valid concept. At this point in the program Bob introduces Euthyphro himself, a state's attorney headed to court in Athens to prosecute his own father who happens to come upon Socrates. If you search the web for: Christian answer to Euthyphro's dilemma, you'll see that Google ranks Bob's article at or near #1 at kgov.com/euthyphro and that one of the world's most brilliant scientists, Dr. Jonathan Sarfati, links to KGOV from his own writing on Euthyphro. Atheists today correctly use Euthyphro's dilemma (though they're unaware of doing so) to falsify Islam's claims of deity for Allah. We Christians however, beginning with the teaching of Jesus Christ, are able to answer Socrates, Euthyphro, and the atheists. * Hannity Mentions Neal Boortz: Our recollection being prompted today by Sean Hannity, we suggest that you may enjoy hearing Bob Enyart debate this national "conservative" at kgov.com/boortz. * To Hear the Full Series: - Euthyphro Part 1 - Euthyphro Part 2 - Euthyphro Part 3 - Euthyphro Part 4 - Euthyphro Part 5 - Euthyphro Part 6 Today's resource: Spiritual Growth Pack: Christians sometimes need a push forward to grow spiritually. After forty years as a Christian, these teachings represent my best effort at discipling another Christian to mature in his or her relationship with God: The Plot presents an amazing overview of the whole Bible story. The Tree leads a believer into a deeper relationship with God. Predestination & Free Will will help the believer better understand God and reality. Bible Tour of Israel brings the viewer along on our trip to Israel and celebrates much of what he has already learned reinforcing the key spiritual truths! So many believers have said that their understanding of the Bible has grown greatly and their spiritual lives have matured as they have benefited from these four teaching materials. We invite you to do likewise!

The question asked by Socrates gets to the heart of how we think about who or what God is. Many of the arguments regarding God falter over childish descriptions, evoking imaginary characters, judgemental shirtless men, and an abundance of the word "empathy." So when Socrates asks about the relationship between the gods and goodness or holiness or piety, he forces the reader to sort out whether their idea of God is bound by some other force, and the consequences of such ideas. And how we think about God impacts how we think about goodness, and in turn, morality, which, when it comes to potentially taking life, is something to take very seriously. Support the REDACTED Culture Cast at redactedculture.locals.comSSP and boutique products at redactedllc.comFollow us on Instagram at @redactedllc

Questions about how grounding morality in God's nature solves the Euthyphro dilemma and whether we only have moral values because our culture has learned over time what does and does not benefit society. How does grounding morality in God's nature solve the Euthyphro dilemma? How would you respond to someone who claims we have moral values because our culture has learned over time what does and does not benefit society?

Join host Michael Liebowitz in an engaging discussion with esteemed philosopher Andrew Bernstein as they delve into the enthralling history of philosophy and its remarkable heroes and villains. Dr. Andrew Bernstein, a Ph.D. recipient from the Graduate School of the City University of New York and author of the compelling book "Capitalism Unbound: The Incontestable Moral Case for Individual Rights," brings his profound knowledge and expertise to the conversation. The journey begins by exploring the roots of philosophy as a systematic attempt to apply reason to reality. Driven by empirical evidence, the first philosopher, Thales, astutely observed the three states of water - liquid, gas, and solid - leading to his revolutionary conclusion that everything was made of water.Delving further, Michael and Andrew uncover the pivotal role played by Socrates, who introduced moral philosophy based on rational, non-faith-based reasoning. Before Socrates, disputes over justice were resolved through brute strength, leading to chaotic outcomes. But Socrates' rigorous definitions and ethical inquiries laid the groundwork for the beginning of moral philosophy, ushering in a new era of critical thinking. Throughout the discussion, they dissect the intriguing Euthyphro dilemma - a perplexing question about the nature of goodness and its relation to the divine. They contrast religious ethics, often considered arbitrary, with the rational approach to morality advocated by Socrates.Additionally, the conversation touches upon the enigmatic figure of Plato, whose belief in a mystical world guiding all things challenged the ability to understand reality through reason. This mystical worldview contributed to the notion that the average person was incapable of independent thought, a stance that clashed with Socrates' emphasis on empowering individuals through rational thinking. As the podcast unfolds, Michael and Andrew shed light on the trial of Socrates and the Athenians' perception of his provocative approach. Socrates' relentless pursuit of moral questions and his unwavering faith in human reasoning led to accusations of making people think - a testament to the power of philosophy and its potential to disrupt the status quo.Prepare to embark on an intellectual journey through the annals of philosophy, exploring its towering heroes like Thales and Socrates, and contemplating the contrasting views of mystical thinkers like Plato. This captivating conversation will leave you with a deeper appreciation for the power of reason in shaping human thought and the timeless quest for truth. Leibowitz is a versatile author, co-authoring the thought-provoking book titled "Down the Rabbit Hole: How the Culture of Correction Encourages Crime." This groundbreaking work delves into societal attitudes surrounding punishment and rehabilitation, shedding light on how misguided approaches have contributed to the rise of crime and recidivism. Additionally, he has authored the book "View from a Cage: From Convict to Crusader for Liberty," offering an intimate portrayal of his personal journey while exploring the philosophies that influenced his transformation.As you embark on your intellectual journey, join Michael Leibowitz as he advocates for reason, individualism, and the pursuit of self-interest, inspiring others to embrace a philosophy that empowers and uplifts the human spirit. For a deeper exploration of his ideas and insights, don't miss the opportunity to read "Down the Rabbit Hole: How the Culture of Correction Encourages Crime," co-authored by Michael Leibowitz. And also, delve into his book "View from a Cage: From Convict to Crusader for Liberty." Both books are available for purchase using the following links:• "Down the Rabbit Hole": https://www.amazon.com.au/Down-Rabbit-Hole-Corrections-Encourages/dp/197448064X• "View from a Cage": https://books2read.com/u/4jN6xj

In the series of dialogues relating to the trial and death of Socrates, the "Crito" comes before the PHAEDO, which we just completed here on Simple Gifts. It concerns itself with the morning of the same day, the day of Socrates' death, relating a conversation with one of his oldest and best friends, Crito, who was also present at his trial. Crito attempts to persuade his friend to flee Athens with an argument that, on further consideration, Socrates rejects. To get the full flavor of Plato's account of the Socrates' trial and death, the order of events are: 1) the Euthyphro, 2) the Apology, 3) the Crito, and 4) the Phaedo. This series of dialogues, along with THE REPUBLIC were profoundly important in my turn from atheism to Christ. Why not listen and see why? If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com   #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

In the series of dialogues relating to the trial and death of Socrates, the "Crito" comes before the PHAEDO, which we just completed here on Simple Gifts. It concerns itself with the morning of the same day, the day of Socrates' death, relating a conversation with one of his oldest and best friends, Crito, who was also present at his trial. Crito attempts to persuade his friend to flee Athens with an argument that, on further consideration, Socrates rejects. To get the full flavor of Plato's account of the Socrates' trial and death, the order of events are: 1) the Euthyphro, 2) the Apology, 3) the Crito, and 4) the Phaedo. This series of dialogues, along with THE REPUBLIC were profoundly important in my turn from atheism to Christ. Why not listen and see why? If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com   #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com   #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

This week, the guys are joined once again by two esteemed guests: Dr. Hannes Kerber, Postdoctoral Fellow for the Program on Constitutional Government at Harvard, & Dr. Svetozar Minkov, Professor of Philosophy at Roosevelt University. Part II focuses on Strauss' interpretation of Plato's Euthyphro, broken into sections revolving around several important questions Strauss tried to resolve for himself, guided by Kerber and Minkov's diligent analysis.  

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com   #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

This week, the guys are joined by not one, but two esteemed guests: Dr. Hannes Kerber, Postdoctoral Fellow for the Program on Constitutional Government at Harvard, & Dr. Svetozar Minkov, Professor of Philosophy at Roosevelt University. The group discuss Kerber & Minkov's new, groundbreaking edited work: Leo Strauss on Plato's 'Euthyphro': The 1948 Notebook, with Lectures and Critical Writings. Part I focuses on the history surrounding the creation of the book, preliminary thoughts on the content, and why you should care about it. Plus: a discount code for those who want to read Strauss's newly unveiled 1948 notebook on Plato's Euthyphro, as well as everything else he wrote about it with companion essays by the editors. Stay tuned for Part II next week!

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

1. Is it good because God commands it? OR 2. Does God command it because it's good?

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Greg responds to objections to the moral argument in this interview from the Reasoned Hope podcast with Parks Edwards. They discuss cultural relativism and its inability to explain moral progress, the Euthyphro dilemma, moral Platonism, the evolutionary explanation for morality, and more.   Topics: Commentary: Objections to the moral argument for the existence of God (00:00) Download the mp3...   Mentioned on the Show:  Reasoned Hope podcast with Parks Edwards Street Smarts: Using Questions to Answer Christianity's Toughest Challenges by Greg Koukl Related Links: Euthyphro's Dilemma by Greg Koukl

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death-day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Plato's Phaedo is one of his most read, and certainly one of the most dramatically interesting of his dialogues. It gives the account of Socrates' death day, but contains a great deal of Plato's own philosophical musings. For the scholarly, this dialogue is from Plato's early middle period, in which we think he was using Socrates as the mouthpiece for his own philosophical theories, whereas in the earlier dialogues - for example, Euthyphro, Apology and perhaps Crito, Socrates was much closer to his actual practice as the "gadfly of Athens." Phaedo almost certainly was written before Republic, and in many ways prefigures it. One of my favorite passages from Phaedo is when the character Simmias says this to Socrates on the topic of life-after-death: It seems to me, Socrates, and perhaps to you too, that definite knowledge of such matters is either impossible or extremely difficult in this life. That said, however, it is a very faint-hearted person who does not scrutinize the arguments about these matters in every manner possible, without giving up until totally exhausted by the enquiry. For we should proceed on these issues in one of two ways, either learn or discover how matters stand, or if this is impossible, then adopt the best and most unassailable argument of humankind, climb on board that, as if it were a raft in a perilous sea, and sail upon it through life, unless one can travel on a more secure vessel, some divine word, safely and free from danger. This passage speaks to me of faith in a way consonant with Socrates's views (and, perhaps to a lesser extent, with Plato's), and has played an important role in my own thinking about the nature of faith in human life. There are innumerable other valuable insights to gain here, not least the noble death to which Socrates committed himself, and the manner in which his death prefigured that of the Lord Jesus. Enjoy! If you enjoy our content, why not buy us a cup of coffee? via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist Check out our first book, THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS: THE IMPLODING OF AN ATHEIST PROFESSOR'S WORLDVIEW https://www.amazon.com/stores/John-Wise/author/B0BXHHKW4V?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com #phaedo #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece, #hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #apology #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

Euthyphro

The famous "Euthyphro dilemma" is taken from this dialogue: 'is something good, or "pious" because it is loved by god, or is it loved by god because it is "pious," or good?' The dialogue, however, has many other fascinating aspects. It serves well as an introduction to the famous account of Socrates' trial (399 B. C.) in The Apology, which is arguably one of the most famous and important philosophical texts in the Western canon. It is one of the finest examples of Socratic (in opposition to Platonic) dialogue, the question-and-answer format that leads the reader and the participants to a more detailed understanding of the topic under consideration, even though it never answers the question. There are two characters in this drama: 1) the famous Athenian philosopher, Socrates, who is on his way to his own trial on charges of A) impiety towards the gods, and B) corrupting the youth of Athens; and 2) Euthyphro, a priest of the Greek god Apollo, who is bringing a lawsuit against his father for murdering a worker on the family farm who'd killed a servant. As a priest, Euthyphro claims to be an expert on "piety," and Socrates asks to be instructed on the topic, seeing that charge A against him - essentially the charge of atheism, or believing there are no divine beings - might require a knowledge of "piety" in his own defense. As usual in a Socratic dialogue, Socrates displays the inability of the "expert" to fully understand even his own discipline. Along the way, we learn the Greek method of definition by genus and difference laid out later by Aristotle, as well as other fascinating things. We hope you enjoy this "blast from the past" here on Simple Gifts! If you enjoy our content, consider donating through PayPal via https://ko-fi.com/thechristianatheist https://www.youtube.com/c/TheChristianAtheist/featured  https://www.facebook.com/JnJWiseWords  https://wisewordsforyouroccasion.wordpress.com  #plato, #socrates, #platoandsocrates, #socratesandplato, #euthyphro, #republic, #westerntradition, #philosophy, #rationality, #drjohndwise, #philosopher, #philosophical, #philosophicalauthor #westerntraditionphilosophy, #traditionalphilosophy, #foundations, #foundationalphilosopher, #foundationaltext, #platosrepublic, #philosophy, #dialogue, #dialogues, #greekphilosophy, #ancientgreekphilosophy, #athens, #platonicdialogue, #platonic, #ancientgreeks, #ancientgreece,#hellen, #hellenistic, #athenian, #atheniantradition, #greekcivilization, #greeksociety, #greekhistory #euthyphro #plato #socrates #socraticdialogue #trialofsocrates #piety #justice #aporia #socraticirony

What does the Bible say about the deity of Christ? For centuries, as affirmed at the Council of Nicea, Christians have used a wonderful list of verses to demonstrate from God's Word the deity of Jesus Christ. Here is another very different approach to show the same truth. (This is similar to the "Big Picture" approach used in the overview of the Bible called The Plot.) Thus Saith the Lord: If we count how many times the Old Testament prophets said, "Thus says the Lord" we find them using that phrase, in the New King James Version of the Bible, about 420 times. The New Testament on the other hand, never once records that phrase. Jesus Christ, with all the red ink devoted to recording His words, never once used that ubiquitous phrase, "Thus saith the Lord." Rather, Jesus proclaims, "I say to you," in the Gospels! Not a single "Thus says the Lord," but rather, "I say to you," 135 times. The following chart demonstrates biblically that these two phrases, Thus saith the Lord, and I say unto you, indicate the same thing, that God is speaking. For Jesus Christ made it clear that He Himself was at the heart of His message. Unlike the righteous priests and kings, prophets and the apostles, the Lord came to teach us about Himself: Christ's Self-focus: "Follow Me" 19x Mt. 4:19; 8:22; 10:38; 16:24; 19:21; Mk. 1:17; 2:14; 8:34; 10:21; Lk. 5:27; 9:59; 18:22; Jn. 1:43; 8:12; 10:27; 12:26; 13:36; 21:19, 22 Pray and act "in My name" 18x Mt. 7:22; 18:5; 18:20; [24:5]; Mk. 9:37, 39, 41; [13:6]; Lk. 9:48; [21:8]; 24:47; Jn. 14:13-14; 15:16; 16:23-24, 26; Acts 9:15 "the Holy Spirit" comes "in My name" Jn. 14:26 "for My name's sake" leave family and property Mt. 19:29; or even be killed 5x Mt. 24:9; [Lk. 21:12, 17;] Jn. 15:21; Acts 9:16 Believe in the "name of the… Son" and "in the Son" 3x Jn.  3:18, 36; 9:35 and "in Him [Jesus]" 4x Jn. 3:18; 6:29, 40; 8:31 "believe in Me" 14x Mt. 18:6; Mk. 9:42; Jn. 3:15-16, 18; 6:35, 47; 7:38; 11:25, 26; 12:44, 46; 14:1, 12; 16:8; 17:20 You "are sanctified by faith in Me" Acts 26:18 Live "in Me" Jn. 11:26 "come after Me" Mk. 8:34; Lk. 14:27 Abide "in Me" Jn. 15:2, 4:5, 7 "abide in Me" or else Jn. 15:6 "abide in My love" Jn. 15:9-10 "where two or three are gathered" Jesus is "there in the midst of them" Mt. 18:20 So too: "I [Jesus, will abide] in you" Jn. 15:4-5 "know that I am He" Jn. 8:28 or "if you do not believe that I am He you will die in your sins" Jn. 8:24 Do things "for My sake" Mt. 10:22, 39; even lose your life "for My sake" 4x Mt. 16:25; Mk. 8:35; 10:29; Lk. 6:22 "I never knew you, depart from Me" Mt. 7:23 "I am willing; be cleansed" Mt. 8:3; Mk.. 1:41 "confess Me" Mt. 10:32; Lk. 12:8 Do not deny "Me" 7x Mt. 10:33; 26:34; Mk. 14:30, 72; Lk. 12:9; 22:34; Jn. 13:38 Do not be "ashamed of Me" Mk. 8:38; Lk. 9:26 nor "My words" "love Me" 5x Jn. 14:15, 21, 23-24, 28 Do not reject "Me" Lk. 10:16; Jn. 12:48 "He who is not with Me is against Me" Lk. 11:23 Love Me "more than" your family members Mt. 10:37; [Lk. 14:26] Bob Enyart presents this material on a BEL radio program, in a secretly recorded meeting with Jehovah's Witnesses, and in his Gospel of John Bible Study which is downloadable or available on MP3 CD. "I… have loved you" Jn. 15:9, 12 Be "worthy of Me" Mt. 10:37-38 "Come to Me" 5x Mt. 11:28; Lk. 6:47; Jn. 5:40; 6:35; 7:37 "I will give you rest" Mt. 11:28 "For My yoke is easy and My burden is light" Mt. 11:30 I am "greater than the temple" "than Jonah" "than Solomon" Mt. 12:6, 41-42 I am "Lord even of the Sabbath" Mt. 12:8; Mk. 2:28; Lk. 6:5 [Lord of God's Ten Commandments] Thus He says keep "My commandments" 4x Jn. 14:15, 21; 15:10, 12 "You are My friends if you do whatever I command you" Jn. 15:14 "keep My word" Jn. 14:23-24 "He who is not with Me is against Me" Mt. 12:30 The angels are "His angels" Mt. 13:41; 16:27 and He commands "His angels" Mt. 24:31; Mk. 13:27 The kingdom is "His kingdom" Mt. 13:41 and He calls it "My kingdom" Lk. 22:30 Jesus called it "My church" Mt. 16:18 and believers are "My sheep" Jn. 10:14, 27 and they are "His elect" Mt. 24:31; Mk. 13:27 Paul is a "vessel of Mine to bear My name" Acts 9:15 "all Mine are Yours, and Yours are Mine" Jn. 17:10 "My peace I give" Jn. 14:27 "in Me you may have peace" Jn. 16:33 "My joy" should fill you Jn. 15:11 "Who do men say that I am?" Mt. 16:13; Mk. 8:27 "who do you say that I am?" Mt. 16:15 Receive "Me" Mt. 18:5; Mk. 9:37; Lk. 9:48 Heaven and earth will pass away but "My words" will never Mt. [5:18] 24:35; Mk. 13:31; Lk. 21:33 Tell others about Jesus Mk. 5:19 "you belong to Christ" Mk. 9:41 Hear "My sayings" and do them Lk. 6:47 Jesus has "His own glory" Lk. 9:26; [Jn. 2:11; 16:14] The Son is "glorified" 8x Jn. 11:4; 12:23; 13:31-32; [17:1, 5, 10 24] "He who hears you hears Me" Lk. 10:16 Jesus expects praise, from stones if necessary Lk. 19:37-40 Return "to Me" Lk. 22:32 Be "My disciple" Lk. 14:27; Jn. 8:31; 15:8 Forsake all to "be My disciple" Lk. 14:33 "you are My disciples" Jn. 13:35 "I shall send… the [Holy] Spirit" Jn. 15:26; 16:7 The Holy Spirit "will testify of Me" Jn. 15:26 We read in John 5 and Luke 24 that "the Scriptures… testify of Me" Jn. 5:39; [Lk. 24:44] "You [Apostles] also will bear witness [of Me] because you have been with Me" Jn. 15:27 Paul gives "testimony concerning Me" Acts 22:18; 23:11 "the Son gives life to whom He will" Jn. 5:21 "seek Me" Jn. 6:26 Serve "Me" Jn. 12:26 "all should honor the Son just as they honor the Father" Jn. 5:23 "I am the bread of life," "of heaven," "of God" Jn. 6: 32-33, 35, 41, [48,] 51 Just seeing Christ is reason enough to believe in Him Jn. 6:36 [56] Drink "My blood" and eat "My flesh" Jn. 6:53-54, 56 "I will raise him up at the last day" Jn. 6:40 for He is the resurrection "The world… hates Me" Jn. 7:7 "I am the light of the world" Jn. 8:12; 9:5; 12:46 "I bear witness of Myself" Jn. 8:13-14, 18 "know… Jesus Christ" for "eternal life" Jn. 17:3; [8:19; 10:10, 14] "the Son makes you free" Jn. 8:36 "Abraham rejoiced to see My day" Jn. 8:56; "Before Abraham was, I AM" Jn. 8:58 Of believers, Christ said, "I know them" Jn. 10:27 "I give them eternal life" Jn. 10:28 "I am the resurrection and the life" Jn. 11:25 I "will draw all peoples to Myself" Jn. 12:32 "I will… receive you to Myself" Jn. 14:3 Be "Mine" Jn. 14:24 "I am the vine" Jn. 15:5 "without Me you can do nothing" Jn. 15:5 "Because I live, you will live also." Jn. 14:19 "You did not choose Me, but I chose you and appointed you" Jn. 15:16 Those who oppress Christians are "persecuting Me" Acts 9:4-5; 22:7-8; 26:14-15 "because they have not known… Me" Jn. 16:3 The Spirit "will glorify Me, for He will take of what is Mine and declare it" Jn. 16:14 "All things that the Father has are Mine" Jn. 16:15 "Whatever He [the Father] does, the Son does" Jn. 5:19 "the Father… loves you, because you have loved Me" Jn. 16:27 "If I will that he remain" Jn. 21:22 "I have overcome the world" Jn. 16:33 "I am the way" Jn. 14:6 "I am… the truth" Jn. 14:6 "I am… the life" Jn. 14:6 "I will… manifest Myself" Jn. 14:21 Scores of times Jesus uses the personal pronoun My with words like commandments, sake, words, lambs, sheep, peace, love, joy, voice, name, sayings, kingdom, angels, and church. Three examples powerfully illustrate the point. First, "Abraham rejoiced to see My day..." Secondly, "I know My sheep, and am known by My own." And thirdly, "Assuredly, I say to you... Heaven and earth will pass away, but My words will by no means pass away." The prophets and John were the messengers; Jesus is the Message, the Way, the Truth, and the Life, and put Himself at the center of His message, because He is God. Hear all this on a BEL program, in a secretly recorded meeting with Jehovah's Witnesses, and in Bob Enyart's Gospel of John Bible Study which is downloadable or available on MP3 CD. The Forest for the Trees: A simple overview of Christ's message shows overwhelmingly that He is the Message. To paraphrase Greg Koukl from The John 10:10 Project, "You can take Buddha out and still have Buddhism, or take the prophet out and still have Allah, but if you take Jesus out you don't have Christianity any more." Jesus is either a blasphemer or God Himself. The above list comes from His words. We could make a similar list of Christ as the message using the remainder of the New Testament. And additionally, strong individual verses also show the Deity of Christ. The powerful and traditional proof texts show His deity even more effectively when presented alongside the big picture above of the ministry and message of Jesus Christ. The Traditional Passages Showing Christ's Deity: Most of the primary verses with a sampling of the many others showing that, like the Father, Jesus is... - Called God: John 1:1 with v. 14; 20:28; Rom. 9:5; Titus 2:13; Heb. 1:8; 2 Pet. 1:1; Luke 1:16-17 - From Everlasting: Ps. 90:2 with Micah 5:2 - Receiving worship: Mat. 2:11; 14:33; 28:9; John 9:38; Heb. 1:6 (etc., 10x) with Ex. 34:14; Acts 10:25-26 & Rev. 19:10 - Forgiving/Delegating Power to Forgive: Mat. 6:9, 12 with Jn. 20:23; Luke 5:20; Mark 2:5-11 & 1 Jn. 1:7-9 - Omniscient: John 10:15; 2:24-25 21:17 - Omnipresent: Ps. 139:7-10 with Mat. 18:20 & 28:20 - Omnipotent: Rev. 1:8 with 11-13, 17; 2:8; 5:11-6:1, 21:22-23; & 22:13 - Immutable: Mal. 3:6 with Hebrews 13:8 - The exact equivalent     in nature: Heb. 1:3; Phil 2:6 doesn't rob the Father to see Christ as His equal     in fullness: Col. 2:9 (in Christ "dwells all the fullness of the Godhead")     in glory: Isa. 45:25 with Gal. 6:14 and John 1:14; etc.     to whom every knee shalll bow: Isa. 45:23 with Phil. 2:10     to whom every tongue shall confess: Isa. 45:23 with Phil. 2:11 and Rom. 14:10-11     as the Almighty: Rev. 1:8 with 11-13, 17; 2:8; 5:11-6:1, 21:22-23; & 22:13     as Creator: Isa. 45:5-7, 18 with John 1:3 and Col. 1:16-17     as Savior: Isa. 45:21 and Luke 1:47 with Titus 3:6; 2:13; 2 Pet. 1:11; 1 John 4:14     as searcher of hearts: Ps. 139:23-24 with John 2:24-25 & Rev. 2:18-19, 23     as possessor of the everlasting kingdom: Dan. 7:13-14     as King of Kings: Rev. 19:16 with Dan. 2:47 and Isa. 33:22     as Lawgiver: James 4:12     as Judge: Ps. 9:7-8; 50:6 & 75:7; Isa. 33:22; 66:16; Heb. 12:23 with John 5:22; Acts 10:42; 17:31; Rom. 2:16; 2 Cor. 5:10; 2 Tim. 4:1, 8     as Jehovah: Isa. 40:3 with Mat. 3:3; and Isa. 8:13-14 with 1 Pet. 2:7-8; Mat. 21:42; Mk. 12:10. The Deity of Christ and Eternal Separation: Two doctrines, the afterlife of eternal separation from God in hell, and that of the deity of Christ, are inextricably linked. Therefore many of those who deny the deity of Christ, including Jehovah's Witnesses, Sun Myung Moon's Unification Church, Ronald Hubbard's Scientology, and Christian Science, also deny an afterlife of eternal separation from God. Why? God put eternity in our hearts (Eccl. 3:11; Ps. 148:5-6) and so only a payment of infinite worth, something greater than the eternal futures of billions of human beings, could suffice to pay the price for our combined sin. When false teachers dismiss eternal punishment in Hades, they then fail to see the necessity of a Sacrifice of infinite worth. Jesus Is God: The dramatic contrast in the above chart shows Christ's self-presentation compared to the angels and prophets who present God to the world. These other messengers elevated not themselves, but God. They focused attention not on themselves but on Him. Godly priests, kings, and apostles presented God as their motivating message, of course, and not themselves. Jesus, on the other hand, came speaking about Himself. His most oft used, favorite title for Himself, undoubtedly selected also to communicate His mission, is not the "Son of God", but the "Son of Man". For, eternally He was the Son of God, but being the Son of Man was new to Him and uniquely cherished. God the Son submits Himself to the Father, willingly, not as a sign of a lesser God, but of His greatness. For as He lowers Himself, He is exalted to the central truth of Creation! (See the above chart.) Thus His "I say unto you" is the Scripture's "Thus Saith the Lord"! Three in the Bible: God exists as three persons in one Godhead, whom we refer to as the Trinity. Thus human beings made in His image also have a triune nature, and the cosmos itself is understood in threes, in the most fantastic ways. Before considering this, first see the Bible's extraordinary use of this number. Christ was three days in the tomb, which Jonah's three days foreshadowed, as did Abraham's three days of thinking that he would sacrifice his son Isaac on that same hill called Golgotha and Mt. Moriah (Gen. 22:14; 2 Chron. 3:1). Israel's three patriarchs are Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The priestly tribe of Levi is from Jacob's third child (Gen. 29:34), as Leviticus is the third book of the Bible. And the day the law was given, the sons of Levi killed "about three thousand men" (Ex. 32:28), whereas the day the Spirit was given, "that day about three thousand souls were [saved]" (Acts 2:41; and see 2 Cor. 3:6). The Hebrew Scriptures comprise three sections, the Law, the Prophets, and the Writings (Luke 24:44), and God created three archangels. The most noteworthy women are Eve, Sarah, and Mary. The magi brought gold, frankincense and myrrh. Three persons (one being the Son) started their public service at thirty years of age: Joseph (Gen. 41:46), a deliverer of his people; David (2 Sam. 5:4) seated on the messianic throne (2 Sam. 7:12-13); and "Jesus Himself began His ministry at about thirty years of age" (Luke 3:23). God could have led Esther to fast for two days, or four; and He could have kept Jonah in the whale for one day, or a week, but three days and three nights prefigures God's plan of salvation for Christ's time in the grave. For Jesus "rose again the third day according to the Scriptures" (1 Cor. 15:4). And thus, the triune Christian God, the mystery of the Trinity, Three Persons in One God, is the one God whose testimony we can trust (answering both the philosophical problem of the origin of the one and the many, and Euthyphro's Dilemma by Socrates), having imprinted our world and even ourselves with His triune nature. Threes Everywhere: The number three manifested in Scripture turns the Christian's attention outward to see space existing in three dimensions, height, width, and length, as does time in past, present and future. The electromagnetic force operates in positive, negative, and neutral, and in pigment the three primary colors are red, yellow, and blue whereas in light they are red, green, and blue which three blend into the hues of the rainbow. We human beings on this third planet from the Sun experience matter primarily in three states, solid, liquid, and gas. The strongest shape for building is the triangle. Writers often give three examples and artists group in threes as in interior design, sculpting, and even movie directors, as they have the word trilogy (1, 2, 3) but no word for any other number of films. Photographers use the rule of thirds and the language of DNA uses only three-letter words. Everything reinforces the triune aspect of all of existence, a reflection of God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. See more at kgov.com/3. Tripartite Man: And so we humans are body, soul, and spirit (1 Thes. 5:23). For God said, "Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness…" (Gen. 1:26). So mankind is made in God's image and likeness, image referring to our form, and likeness to our essence as sentient, morally-responsible persons. And unlike animals which look to the ground, men and women stand upright with a heavenly gaze. God's Image: God created a form, that is, an image, for the eternal Son to indwell. The verses Jehovah's Witnesses assume undermine Christ's deity are actually verses describing this aspect of Him at the creation. For the very first thing that God created was this form for His Son to indwell! (See Gen. 1:26 along with Col. 1:15; Rev. 3:14: Heb. 1:3; 5:5; 10:5; 2 Cor. 4:4; John 1:14; Phil. 2:5-6; 1 Tim. 2:5; and Rev. 1:13-18. When a son is "born" isn't the beginning of his existence anymore than when by taking up an image the Son became the "firstborn" of creation, was the beginning of His existence.) And in that image, "He made man" (Gen. 9:6), and not in the image of apes. "So God created man in His own image; in the image of God He created him; male and female He created them (Gen. 1:27). The Plurality in God: The very first verse of Genesis presents the plurality of God, with Genesis 1:1 using a plural subject and a singular verb, that is, In the beginning gods He created the heavens and the earth. Elohim is the plural of the typical Hebrew word for God, which is El (cherub and seraph for example become plural as cherubim and seraphim, with Elah likely being the dual form, and Elohim being a plurality, in this case, three for the triune God). So, did Moses make a grammatical error in the first sentence of the first book of Scripture, in what has become not only the world's best-selling book, but in the most well-known sentence in the history of the world by using a singular verb with a plural subject? Of course not. For this was intentional. The Hebrew Scriptures in the most solemn texts presents God as a unified plurality. What grammarians refer to as the "royal we" comes from God's references to Himself using the plural: "Let Us make man in Our image," (Gen. 1:26). The solemn Hebrew prayer, called the Shema Yisroel, to the "one God" uses another plurality. For "The Lord our God, the Lord is One (of plurality)" at Deuteronomy 6:4 uses neither of the expected terms, yachad or even bad, words meaning a singularity, but God's Word uses the word echad, which is one in plurality as used by God at the Tower of Babel, "the people are one," and by Joseph "the dreams of Pharaoh are one," and by Moses, "the people answered with one voice," and back again to the beginning of Genesis at the institution of marriage when God says, "and they shall become one flesh." So this foundation prayer to God does not the use the Hebrew words for one, which mean a singularity (which words are never used in the Bible referring to God), but God describes Himself in the Bible using the One of plurality. So the Shema says: the Jehovah (who is the one God) our Elohim (plural) Jehovah is a Plural Unity! And Deuteronomy 6:4 is the central passage to all theology of God. Then the Scriptures go on to teach that the three Persons of the Trinity are God the Father (Isa. 63:16; Mal. 2:10), God the Son (Ps. 2:12; Zech. 12:10 and as in the chart above), and God the Spirit (Gen. 1:2; Isa. 48:16; Isa. 6:3; Rom. 5:5). See also Mat. 28:19; Acts 5:3-4, 9; 2 Cor. 13:14, and Psalm 110:1 with Matthew 22:41-46, and verses that show the personhood of the Spirit including Heb. 10:15-17. The Mystery in the Godhead: How can one God exist in three persons? Christian theologians have long described this as a mystery, but it is an expected mystery. Virtually everything, deep down, is a mystery. What is light (with its wave-particle duality)? What is life (with modern biology unable to agree on a definition)? What is matter (that it leaves modern physics bewildered)? What is space? What is energy? What is time? What is movement? (Is it a series of discrete stationary states?) How can the Creator bring the universe into existence from nothing? How can your non-physical spirit be attached to your physical body? How can God exist from the beginningless past? How can creatures procreate and bring everlasting beings into existence? In humility we acknowledge that virtually everything in the creation is a deep, almost unfathomable mystery. How much more mysterious would be the God who made us? If Christianity taught that there are three Gods in One God, that would be a contradiction, and by the laws of logic, therefore false. For 1 + 1 + 1 = 3 and each 1 would be 1/3rd of the whole, which is anathema to trinitarian theology. But by analogizing God with math we see that the number line lacks sufficient multidimensionality and points us to the 3-dimensionality of space and an appropriate anaology wherein 1 x 1 x 1 = 1. And likewise, if Christianity taught that there are three Persons in One Person, that also would be false. But Christianity teaches that there are three Persons in One God, and while being a deep mystery (what isn't?), that is no contradiction. And finally, denial of Christ's deity is a central teaching of many of today's cults, including for example the Jehovah's Witnesses. This denial goes hand-in-glove with the rejection of eternality of hell. Also, not understanding the plurality of the Godhead creates philosophical dilemmas such as the problem of the one and the many. And Socrates' pre-Christian argument against God called Euthyphro's Dilemma is resolved by none of the world's religions except for the Christian Answer to Euthyphro in the eternal corroborating testimony of the three Witnesses of the Trinity. -Bob Enyart, KGOV.com Pastor, Denver Bible Church Bible Resources: If you enjoyed the above study and you would like to learn more from the wealth of biblical resources available from Bob Enyart Live, then please consider getting our series on the Gospel of John, or at least starting with Volume I, titled, Is this Man God? And for more fun and to enrich yourself spiritually, consider reading The Plot, an overview of the Bible which is Pastor Bob's life's work. Also, we invite you to browse the Bible Study Department at our KGOV store. And you can call us at 1-800-8Enyart (836-9278) to tell Bob or a BEL staffer which topics of study you are most interested in, and we'll figure out which of our resources, if any, address your area of concern. Postscript -- Is the Father-Son Relationship Eternal? The Scriptures help us see the errors in two claims about the Son that are held by a minority of believers, many of whom, thankfully, do assent to the Trinity and the deity of Jesus Christ. One false teaching is against the eternality of the Trinity (immediately below, The Claim: No Past Trinity) and the other acknowledges the eternal Trinity but denies that ithe Second Person was always the "Son" (below, The Claim: No Past Son). The Claim: No Past Trinity: The first claim, that no triunity existed in God until He decided to express Himself in that way, is offered to defend monotheism, that there is only one God. Christianity teaches that there is one God in three persons.  can be falsified in three ways. 1) Because the "Father" is eternal His "Son" must also have been eternal. For by positing "no Trinity" through an eternity prior to the manifestation of such, a Christian is claiming the existence of a non-relational "Being". Theoretically, if such a Being could exist, it could not be a "Father" and may be non-binary. We estimate however that more than a thousand Bible verses present God as relational. Thus we teach that the five primary biblical attributes of our eternal God are that, "He is living, personal, relational, good, and loving." Not being "relational" has serious consequences including Euthyphro's, as linked to just below. And for those who may claim that "Father" could have been merely an eternal figure of speech, please see below on metaphor. 2) The Scripture asserts the existence of "the eternal Spirit" (Heb. 9:14). The Holy Spirit did not come to exist. If a defense of monotheism requires that mankind needs to know that God in the past was a unitarian Being who only later manifest Himself into three persons, it is surprising that the Bible would not teach this. Further, if there were a logical contradiction in three persons being One God, positing that One God manifest Himself into three persons does not make that apparent contradiction go away. That is not the answer to such a challenge. Rather, as shown above in The Mystery in the Godhead section, one God existing in three persons is not and never has been a contradiction. But like mostly everything else, it is a deep mystery. (Some claim that John 15:26 teaches an origin for the Holy Spirit, who "proceeds from the Father". However, context is king. If that was the Lord's teaching, it would have been quite a jump out of His context. You can wreak havoc anywhere and especially in John 15 by ignoring the contextual. Jesus there assures His disciples that "the world hates you... because you are not of the world." The disciples were not extraterrestrials and were not eternal aliens at that, even though Jesus said, "you have been with Me from the beginning." And about unbelievers, the Lord said, "If I had not come and spoken to them, they would have no sin". By taking that out of context one would assume unbelievers were sinless until just three years earlier. And "when the Helper comes, whom I shall send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth who proceeds from the Father, He will testify of Me." Context is king. Jesus did not bounce out of His context to drop a theological bomb. Rather, He was assuring them that although in "a little while" He will be with them no longer, He is sending the Holy Spirit who comes not from this world, but from the Father in heaven.) 3) Above, this article mentions our Christian Answer to Euthyphro's Dilemma. That writing makes a defense of the eternal corroborating testimony of the Trinity's three Witnesses. This also rebuts the first claim here that no Trinity existed in eternity past. The Claim: No Past Son: The second related erroneous claim, as written about by Zeller and Showers, admits that the Persons of the Trinity have existed eternally, but that the Second Person did not become the "Son" until the Incarnation. This teaching at least has a proof text, which however appears to have been misapplied. One form of this second error is that through eternity past the second Person of the Trinity was the "Word" but not the "Son". This position claims that it was not until the Incarnation, or thereabouts, when the Father's prophecy was fulfilled, "This day have I begotten Thee", that the Word became the Son. The claim here is that the First Person of the Trinity sent the Second Person, the Word, to the world, who thereby became the Son. Let's look at four rebuttals to this claim. First, the Bible never says that God sent the Word to the Earth who then became the Son. Among His many titles (the Christ, the Alpha and Omega, the Lamb of God, the Prince of Peace, the Son of Man, the Bridegroom, King of Kings, Lord of Lords, etc.), the Second Person of the Trinity is also referred to as the Word (John 1:1, 14) and He was of course sent to the Earth. However, when the Bible addresses the topic of WHO was sent to Earth, WHO came, WHO was given to the world, we don't read that the Word was sent and He became the Son, but rather, each time we read that: - "He loved us and sent His Son" (1 John 4:10) - "the Son of God has come" (1 John 5:20) - "God gave His only begotten Son" (John 3:16; and 3:17) - "Unto us a Son is given" (Isaiah 9:6) - "God sent forth His Son, born of a woman" (Gal. 4:4) - "the Father has sent the Son as Savior of the world" (1 John 4:14) - "In this the love of God was manifested toward us, that God has sent His only begotten Son into the world" (1 John 4:9). Again, God did not send the Word into the world who became the Son through the Incarnation when He got here. Rather, God sent His "Son into the world". Even in the parable, "Then last of all he sent his son to them, saying, 'They will respect my son'" (Mat. 21:37), "having one son, his beloved, he also sent him" (Mark 12:6). A second way of recognizing from Scripture that the Son is eternal is that the "Father" is eternal. Without a Son, the First Person of the Trinity would not have been the Father. Further, with all the Old Testament passages referring to God as Father notwithstanding, He would not have become the Father until about 2,000 years ago with the Incarnation. However, while the famous messianic prophecy of Isaiah 9 raises the deep mystery of the separateness within, yet also the oneness of, God, its description of Him as "Everlasting Father" has long been held by Christians to teach that throughout eternity past, the Father has been the Father. As the Apostle Paul wrote, "there is one God, the Father, of whom are all things" (1 Cor. 8:6), such that everything that has flowed from Him has flowed from Him as "the Father". Likewise, to the Ephesians, the Hebrew poetry places in proximity the "one Spirit" with the "Father of all", reinforcing that as the Holy Spirit has been eternally the Spirit, so too with the Father, as likewise when Luke recorded, "Jesus rejoiced in the Spirit and said, 'I thank You, Father'" (Luke 10:21) and Matthew, "in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit" (Mat. 28:19). Of course also, in the Hebrew Scriptures, prior to the Incarnation, God was referred to as Father. "Have we not all one Father? Has not God created us?" (Mal. 2:10; see also Deut. 32:6; Ps. 68:5; Isa. 63:16; 64:8; [43:10]; John 8:41; 5:21 [evidently referring to the three Old Testament resurrections]). Yes, of course, "Father" could be used as a metaphor, like the Father of our Country or the Father of Creation. However, that metaphor does not hang on nothing. It is "Our Father who art in heaven" that gives rise to the use of the Father metaphor. Also, the parallel passages to those above, regarding that the "Son" was sent, are those that teach us that the "Father" is the one who sent Him, such as Jesus' own frequently repeated statements about "the Father who sent Me" (John 5:30, 36-37; 6:39, 44, 57; 8:16, 18, 29, 42; 12:49; 14:24) and "I have come in My Father's name" (John 5:43). That is, the First Person who sent the Second Person to Earth, at the time of the sending, was already the Father. So to be the everlasting Father, of necessity, eternally, He has had a Son. Thirdly, the burden of proof for such a new doctrine is on the person claiming that the Godhead's relationships were different prior to the creation, or prior to the Incarnation, than they are today. However, with its one proof text, the scriptural evidence will fail to make the case if that passage is not making a claim about the past relationship of the First and Second persons, but rather, is referencing the future Incarnation when God the Son will be begotten to become the Son of Man. For Psalm 2:7 is a messianic Incarnation prophecy. "You are My Son, today I have begotten You." The immediate context, and the three times that this passage is quoted, shows that this relates to the messianic plan for the Second Person rather than to the First Person's past relationship with the Second Person. In context, this is about Jesus as God's "King on My holy hill of Zion" [i.e., Jerusalem] (Ps. 2:6). That description applies because of and sometime after the Holy Spirit overshadows Mary, for "that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit" (Mat. 1:20). So too, each of the three quotes of Psalm 2:7 refer explicitly to its fulfillment in the First Advent of Jesus Christ (Acts 13:33; Heb. 1:5; 5:5). "And we declare to you glad tidings—that promise which was made to the fathers. God has fulfilled this for us their children, in that He has raised up Jesus. As it is also written in the second Psalm..." (Acts 13:32-33). Thus while some see Psalm 2 as claiming no past Father-Son relationship, the alternative traditional understanding is that it is referring to when God the Son becomes the Son of Man taking upon Himself the messianic role, with the Godhead as the Progenitor, so to speak, begetting Jesus' earthly existence. The writer of Hebrews quotes Psalm 2 and then explicitly connects it to a prophecy of the Incarnation, for Mary, Jesus' true earthly mother, descended from the line of David. "I will set up your seed after you, who will come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom... I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. I will be his Father, and he shall be My son" (1 Sam. 7:12-14). This messianic Incarnation prophecy is then quoted in Hebrews 1:5, again reinforcing that Psalm 2:7 refers to the Incarnation. Likewise, when quoted in Hebrews 5, the passage is associated with the prophecy that Christ would "become High Priest", another reference to His role through the Incarnation. Thus, the New Testament interprets Psalm 2:7 not as referring to some past spiritual begetting of the Son by the Father, but to God's begetting of His eternal Son through the virgin Mary whereby He became "the Son of Man", His favorite title for Himself. Finally, Scripture teaches about the Second Person of the Trinity that, "All things were created through Him" (Col. 1:16) and "without Him nothing was made that was made" (John 1:3). If these are literal and comprehensive, that means that the Second Person of the Trinity is the one who actually created everything. The things created explicitly include all the created positions of authority, "whether thrones or dominions or principalities or powers" (Col. 1:16). That leaves this false teaching in the awkward position of claiming that while the Second Person was eternally existing, the "Sonship" was a created position. Yet, if it were, one would expect that the Son Himself would have created that position, which seems untenable. The Son wouldn't create His own "Sonship". Yet He indeed created every position of authority. That again suggests, as with the above three extensive observations and natural readings from Scripture, that the Father-Son relationship was not brought into existence but that it eternally emanated from the Godhead and that therefore God the Son is eternally the only begotten Son of the Father.

On today's Bible Answer Man broadcast (02/01/23), Hank answers the following questions:I had a debate with an atheist about radical Islam, and he argued that Christianity isn't very different because of the harsh Old Testament laws. How can I respond to this?Are the 144,000 in Revelation Jews and will they be saved during the tribulation?Can you explain the Euthyphro dilemma?How would you argue against the idea that order can come from chaos?I don't normally feel humbled. How are we supposed to feel humble when we are overjoyed about God?

As Socrates waits in line for his own trial, he chats up a fellow named Euthyphro who plans to denounce his own father. They end up discussing the definition of piety until Euthyphro politely excuses himself from the conversation.