Podcasts about Mingus

Seattle Repertory Jazz Orchestra Artistic Director Michael Brockman selected a program representing Mingus' range as a composer from blues-based ballads to fiery bop burners.

For this episode, host Jonathan Maus rode down to City Hall and recorded an interview with Portland City Commissioner Mingus Mapps. Mapps has served as one of Portland's five council members since 2020, and was recently named the commissioner-in-charge of the transportation bureau. Mapps is a graduate of Reed College, he has a PhD in government from Cornell and is a former political science professor. Prior to ousting former Commissioner Chloe Eudaly from her seat in 2019, Mapps worked for the City of Portland's office of civic life.Jonathan and Commissioner Mapps covered a lot of ground in this interview. They talked about the type of person he's looking to hire as the next director of PBOT, how he thinks transportation policy and projects can help revitalize Portland, why he thinks the 2030 bike plan is outdated, his rationale for wanting more police officers patrolling Portland streets, his position on the I-5 Rose Quarter project, and much more.LINKS:LA Times article on Portland's problems and progressivismNovember 2020 BikePortland interview with Mingus Mapps

Trombonist Conrad Herwig and the Latin Side All-Stars are playing every Tuesday night at Django in the Roxy Hotel in New York now through March 28, 2023. In this interview, we talk about Conrad's history from his formative years in Hawaii to his early professional career in NYC; his The Latin Side Of... project and its most recent album of Mingus tunes; navigating the path between jazz classics and their Afro-Caribbean reinterpretation; and more. PATREON Become a Patreon supporter for $5 a month to get a bonus show called This I Dig Of You, on which the guest from the main episode talks about something non-musical that's bringing them joy.  Conrad talks about visual art. You'll also get early access to every episode, a thank you on an episode, and behind-the-scenes news. Join at http://patreon.com/thejazzsession. CREDITS Theme Music: The Respect Sextet (respectsextet.com) Logo: Sarah Walter Intro Voice: Chuck Ingersoll (hearchucknow.com)

Today on The Confound Millennial podcast Stirvin and Diamondz get to sit down again with Matt Mingus Dance Gavin Dance and give this whole interview thing a second chance. Whether you're an old fan of DGD or just now hearing about them there's plenty to learn in this episode, from how the band started in 2005, his most challenging song from their newest album Jackpot Juicer, to meeting shady sloth dealers, and so much more! For all things Dance Gavin Dance check out their website: https://dancegavindanceband.com/ And for all things The Confound Millennial (merch, where to listen, maybe cool stuff idk) check out our website: https://amap.to/millennial/ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/the-confound-millennial/message

Mingus. Sometimes he was described as volatile, tender, or misunderstood, but most agree he was a musical genius. In this episode we are taking a look / listen at some of Mingus' music with a different lens and perspective: his dedication pieces. It would have to take a special musician for Charles Mingus to write a composition dedicated to them and that is exactly what we are exploring. One thing is guaranteed - all the music will be fantastic!

Treachery! Betrayal! Deception! How will the crew survive as one of their own turns against them? With special guests: Chris from CarniSideshow and Conan_Lybarian! See you in season 3! Highlights: Check out 19 Hits the Dragon's actual play adventure of Paranormal Inc featuring David Easley of Trials of the Apocalypse, Reed of Bring Your Own Mech, Conan_Lybarian, and Alex! SURVEY: Participate in our feedback survey HERE and help us improve the show! All responses are anonymous and your feedback is greatly appreciated. Interested in featuring your show, product, or website on Two Weeks One Shot? E-mail us at twoscastmail@gmail.com! Support here: Patreon - just $2/month! Sign up for an Audible Free Trial! Want to collab with us? Fill out the form! Listen here: Apple Podcasts - If we made you laugh, give us a review! Spotify - Be sure to follow and rate our show! Google Podcasts Podbean YouTube Follow us here: Twitter: twitter.com/twoscast Instagram: instagram.com/twoscast Facebook: facebook.com/twoscast TikTok: tiktok.com/@twoscast Music: Theme: "The River" by rolemusic Additional music/SFX licensed through Soundstripe. Sound FX: freesound.org Contact Us: twoscastmail@gmail.com

From Pandemic Disruption to E-Commerce Success: How One Entrepreneur Used Vintage Furniture to Overcome Challenges and Bring Change - Elaine Mingus #140   Elaine Mingus is a homeschooling mom of seven children running a successful six-figure e-commerce product based business in Austin, Texas.    After spending 10 years building up a huge following online as a blogger but barely scraping by enough money to pay for a couple lattes, she left everything behind and started selling furniture she found on the side of the road. Working less than 20 hours a week, she is able to pay off debt and have more influence (and money) than she ever did with her blog. Her motto is if it's not making money it's not a business it's a hobby.

Things get a little fishy as the heist progresses into the dreaded Venusian Grove and Piranha Koi Ponds. If you haven't been praying to your Scrumbulus, now's probably a good time to start! With special guests: Chris from CarniSideshow and Conan_Lybarian! Highlights: Check out 19 Hits the Dragon's actual play adventure of Paranormal Inc featuring David Easley of Trials of the Apocalypse, Reed of Bring Your Own Mech, Conan_Lybarian, and Alex! SURVEY: Participate in our feedback survey HERE and help us improve the show! All responses are anonymous and your feedback is greatly appreciated. Interested in featuring your show, product, or website on Two Weeks One Shot? E-mail us at twoscastmail@gmail.com! Support here: Patreon - just $2/month! Sign up for an Audible Free Trial! Want to collab with us? Fill out the form! Listen here: Apple Podcasts - If we made you laugh, give us a review! Spotify - Be sure to follow and rate our show! Google Podcasts Podbean YouTube Follow us here: Twitter: twitter.com/twoscast Instagram: instagram.com/twoscast Facebook: facebook.com/twoscast TikTok: tiktok.com/@twoscast Music: Theme: "The River" by rolemusic Additional music/SFX licensed through Soundstripe. Sound FX: freesound.org Contact Us: twoscastmail@gmail.com

John Maguire & Ruth Barton have been watching Till, A Man Called Otto, Empire of Light, The Pale Blue Eye, Alcarrás. Guy Barker is back with a new take on Charles Mingus, where he explores the artists who inspired Mingus himself.

durée : 00:59:23 - Au boulot - par : Nathalie Piolé -

On this episode: On this episode: Artificial Intelligence has invaded the creative space, Courtney Love has beef with Brad Pitt, and nepobaby is now a slur. PLUS!  The MCU in the library of congress, and who the hell its Jonah Feldstein?In news: AI programs, Dali, framed.wtf , Bruce Purkey, Find Your Film, Cinemddicts, chat.openia.com , Hallmark movies, Leelu Dallas Multipass, The Lighthouse, Children's book, Space Jame Shakespeare, Lord of the Rings, LoTR, Erotic MCFC fan fiction, Hereditary, Hell Raiser, Marc Maron, WTF, Barrack Obama, Courtney Love, Helena Bonham Carter, Brad Pitt, Kurt Cobain, Fight Club, Variety.com, Man on the Moon, Harvey Weinstein, Golden Globes,  O Shea Jackson. Ice Cube, Lilly Allen, Jamie Lee Curtis, Tony Curtis, Janet Leigh, Psycho, Kevin Bacon, Keira Sedgwick, Dan Levy, Eugene Levy, Schitt's Creek, Ben Stiller, Jerry Stiller, Elizabeth Olsen, Dakota Johnson,  Timothee Chalamet, Bryce Dallas Howard, Ron Howard, Laura Dern, Bruce Dern, Brendan Gleeson, Domhnall Gleeson, Friday the 13th, Jason X, Jason Takes Manhattan, God of War, Binge Movies, Adam Sandler, Library of Congress, MCU news, Infinity War, End Game, Titanic, Iron Man, Wakanda Forever, Ant Man Quanumania, Mardi Gras Carnival, Cab Calloway Home Movies, Cyrano De Bergerac, Charade, Scorpio Rising, Behind Every Good man, Titicut Follies, Mingus, Manzanar, Betty Tells her Story, Superfly, Attica, Carrie, Union Maids, Union out: the Story of our lives, Bush Mama, The Battle of Gregorio Cortez, Hairspray, The Litter Mermaid, Tongues Untied, When Harry Met Sally, House Party, Iron Man, Pariah, Listener Stephen, Avatar 2, Spider,  MCFCpodcast@gmail.com, Jonah Hill Feldstein, Naomi Rapace, Lamb, Prometheus, Ola Rapacehttp://www.MCFCpodcast.com-Email us at MCFCpodcast@gmail.com    -Leave us a voicemail (209) 730-6010-Join the Patreon: www.patreon.com/MiddleClassFilmClass-Get some merch:https://middle-class-film-class.creator-spring.com/Join the Patreon:www.patreon.con/middleclassfilmclassJoseph Navarro    Pete Abeytaand Tyler Noe    Streaming Picks:Joseph:The Grinch, Polar Express, Prometheus,  GDT's Pinocchio, Christmas Story Christmas, A Muppet Christmas Carol, Who Killed Santa?: A Muderville Murder Mystery, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, Home Alone 2: Lost in New York, A Miracle on 34th Street, Gremlins, Tyler:This Place Rules, Kindred, Home Alone, Pete:All Quiet on the Western Front, Ford v Ferrari, Spider-Man trilogy, Wendell & Wild, Emily The Criminal, Babe, Alita: Battle Angel, Hussel, Banshees of Inishurin, Spirited, Glass Onion: A Knives Out Mystery. 

Ronnie McDonald the Recluse uses his gift of gab to guide the crew through the subtle social idiosyncrasies of the Nrmb'rjuu people. With special guests: Chris from CarniSideshow and Conan_Lybarian! Highlights: SURVEY: Participate in our feedback survey HERE and help us improve the show! All responses are anonymous and your feedback is greatly appreciated. Interested in featuring your show, product, or website on Two Weeks One Shot? E-mail us at twoscastmail@gmail.com! Support here: Patreon - just $2/month! Sign up for an Audible Free Trial! Want to collab with us? Fill out the form! Listen here: Apple Podcasts - If we made you laugh, give us a review! Spotify - Be sure to follow and rate our show! Google Podcasts Podbean YouTube Follow us here: Twitter: twitter.com/twoscast Instagram: instagram.com/twoscast Facebook: facebook.com/twoscast TikTok: tiktok.com/@twoscast Music: Theme: "The River" by rolemusic Additional music/SFX licensed through Soundstripe. Sound FX: freesound.org Contact Us: twoscastmail@gmail.com

"I don't know when. I don't know how. But I know something's starting right now..." Mike, Tom, and Kyle return for a special live reaction of the 2022 National Film Registry inductees. Season 3 coming soon!Production SocialsMichael Natale, Co-HostTwitterInstagramLetterboxd Tom Lorenzo, Co-HostTwitterInstagramLetterboxd Kyle Lampar, Producer & EditorTwitterInstagram Other LinksTwitterWebsite

This week we'll pay tribute to the Indianapolis-born arranger, composer and jazz pianist Bob Hammer, who passed away last December at the age of 91. Hammer had a significant career in jazz music and is best remembered for his association with the jazz legend Charles Mingus. Hammer wrote arrangements for some of Mingus' most critically acclaimed albums. Mingus referred to Hammer as "my Beethoven." 

What's your reaction when someone or something interrupts your schedule? If you get angry or upset, that might indicate that you don't have space in your life to experience and live in the present moment.In this episode, I'm joined by the amazing Elaine Mingus. The realization of the massive debt Elaine and her family of 9 got into after their holidays in Hawaii put things in perspective and pushed her straight into depression. Plus, her writing job didn't reflect the effort and long hours. Something had to change urgently. So she got creative and started a side gig that'd become an enjoyable and profitable business. Throughout this episode, Elaine shares the circumstances that led her to create the Curb Vulture, how she grew her side gig into a business, and the challenges she overcame in the process. We talk about how she juggled homeschooling her 7 kids while working a full-time job, how she got her priorities right in difficult times, and the wake-up call read on time about how she was spending her time. We also talk about practicing active recovery, using desperation as a wise counselor, and more. Tune in to Episode 82 of the Joy Found Here podcast and learn what you need to know to turn your side gig into a business. In This Episode, You Will Learn:A bit about Elaine's fantastic background story (4:01)Social media and the comparison-making machine at your fingertips (8:50)A significant setback that showed Elaine who was her people (11:58)Lessons learned from years of welfare (17:05)How Curb Vulture started (22:37)Sometimes we stay in the hamster wheel without noticing it (30:36)Connect with ElaineWebsiteCurb Vulture websiteCurb Vulture InstagramLet's Connect:Website Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

by William Matthews

We do a lot of heist adventures, so obviously we must be good at heists, right? Wrong. With special guests: Chris from CarniSideshow and Conan_Lybarian! Highlights: Interested in featuring your show, product, or website on Two Weeks One Shot? E-mail us at twoscastmail@gmail.com! Support here: Patreon - just $2/month! Sign up for an Audible Free Trial! Want to collab with us? Fill out the form! Listen here: Apple Podcasts - If we made you laugh, give us a review! Spotify - Be sure to follow and rate our show! Google Podcasts Podbean YouTube Follow us here: Twitter: twitter.com/twoscast Instagram: instagram.com/twoscast Facebook: facebook.com/twoscast TikTok: tiktok.com/@twoscast Music: Theme: "The River" by rolemusic Additional music/SFX licensed through Soundstripe. Sound FX: freesound.org Contact Us: twoscastmail@gmail.com

This content is for Members only. Come and join us by subscribing here In the meantime, here's some more details about the show: It's a warm welcome then to the man himself: Dr. Brad Stone - the JazzWeek Programmer of the Year 2017, who's here every Thursday to present The Creative Source - a two hour show, highlighting jazz-fusion and progressive jazz flavours from back then, the here and now, plus occasional forays into the future. Please feel free to get in touch with Brad with any comments or suggestions you might have; he'll be more than happy to hear from you: brad@soulandjazz.com or follow him via Facebook or Twitter. Enjoy! The Creative Source 24th November 2022 Artist - Track - Album - Year Michael Morreale    Witche's Soup    Vol. 4: August 17th    2022 Neil Swainson    Near North    Fire in the West    2022 Dave Young    Inside a Silent Tear    Mantra    2022 Roberta Donnay    Inside a Silent Tear    Blossom-ing!: Celebrating the Music of Blossom Dearie    2022 Judith Owen    Blossom's Blues    Come On & Get It    2022 The Ostara Project    Storms and Oceans    The Ostara Project    2022 Dennis Mitcheltree    Omicron    Golden Rule    2022 The Ostara Project    Lluviona    The Ostara Project    2022 Rodney Whitaker    Blues for Gregg    Oasis: The Music of Gregg Hill    2022 Houston Person    I'll Let You Know    Reminiscing at Rudy's    2022 Brian Baggett Trio    Door Man    Groovin' and Swingin' at Green Lady Lounge    2022 Tim Fitzgerald    Mr. Walker    Full House    2022 Shawn Purcell    Search and Destroy    180'    2022 Ethan Philion    Pithecanthropus Erectus    Meditations on Mingus    2022 Conrad Herwig    Goodbye Pork Pie Hat    The Latin Side of Mingus    2022 Noah Garabedian    Alice    Consider the Stars Beneath Us    2022 Robert Diack    Hollow    Small Bridges    2022 Robert Diack    Plex    Small Bridges    2022 Sarah Bernstein Veer Quartet    Hidden    Veer Quartet    2022 Tardif    Hiboux    Brûlez les Meubles    2022 Tardif    Dialogue Tardif    Brûlez les Meubles    2022 The post The Creative Source (#CreativeSource) – 24th November 2022 appeared first on SoulandJazz.com | Stereo, not stereotypical ®.

Plato, Mingus and Seinfeld? What could they possibly have in common? Not much; or a lot…; depending on the plasticity of your mind. You'll get the answer if you listen to this edition of Mondo Jazz, digging forward and back with a precious new compilation showcasing the Detroit Artists Workshop. The playlist features Timothy Norton; Dezron Douglas; Abel Mireles; Nadje Noordhuis; Lyman Woodard; Kirk Lightsey; Charles Lloyd; Dierk Peters. Detailed playlist at https://spinitron.com/RFB/pl/16634147/Mondo-Jazz (from "More Coffee Please" onwards). Happy listening!

Desde la muerte del genial bajista y compositor Charles Mingus en 1979, su viuda Sue Mingus se consagró a la tarea de eternizar su música a través de diversas formaciones cuyo único repertorio serían las composiciones de su esposo. De entre ellas, la más brillante y exitosa es la Mingus Big Band, una banda de 14 músicos que debutó discográficamente en 1993 con el álbum Nostalgia in Times Square. Desde su sede neoyorquina en el club Jazz Standard, la banda no ha cesado su actividad en las últimas décadas, en los escenarios del mundo entero y con una intensa actividad discográfica, reintepretando una y otra vez la compleja e insondable obra de Charles Mingus en la que se resume la historia del jazz, desde sus inicios en Nueva Orleans hasta la mismísima vanguardia del Free Jazz de los 60, siempre bajo la óptica de la heterodoxia y la rebeldía que definieron la personalidad y la música del compositor. En este nuevo programa de Radio Jazznoend tendremos la oportunidad de disfrutar de la obra de Mingus, de la mano de algunos de los más brillantes músicos del jazz contemporáneo y su música servirá también de homenaje y despedida a tres personas de indudable relevancia tanto en la creación y trayectoria de la banda, como en la propia vida de Charles Mingus, y que nos dejaron en este año de 2022: el saxofonista Ronnie Cuber que militó en la banda desde su creación hasta su muerte, el arreglista Sy Johnson, autor de muchos de los arreglos de la orquesta, y la propia viuda de Mingus, alma mater de la Mingus Big Band, Sue Mingus.

In this episode you will hear an organic conversation and the story of Elaine Mingus. Elaine is a mom of 7 kids, a speaker, and a business owner. Her story will inspire you to face any obstacles that you face in your life. You can visit her store here: https://www.instagram.com/curbvulture/You can also go to her website here: http://elainemingus.com/Support the show

Gen. Robert E. Lee began moving part of his Army of Northern Virginia from the Old Dominion toward Pennsylvania on June 3, 1863. Lee believed his army needed to win a major victory on Northern soil if the South was to have a chance at winning the war. Transferring the fighting out of war-torn Virginia would allow the state time to heal while he supplied his army from untapped farms and stores in Maryland and the Keystone State. Lee had also convinced Pres. Jefferson Davis that his offensive would interfere with the Union effort to take Vicksburg in Mississippi. The bold movement would trigger extensive cavalry fighting and a major battle at Winchester before culminating in the bloody three-day battle at Gettysburg. As the Virginia army moved north, the Army of the Potomac responded by protecting the vital roads to Washington, D.C., in case Lee turned to threaten the capital. Opposing presidents Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis, meanwhile, kept a close watch on the latest and often conflicting military intelligence gathered in the field. Throughout northern Virginia, central Maryland, and south-central Pennsylvania, meanwhile, civilians and soldiers alike struggled with the reality of a mobile campaign and the massive logistical needs of the armies. Thousands left written accounts of the passage of the long martial columns. Mingus and Wittenberg mined hundreds of primary accounts, newspapers, and other sources to produce this powerful and gripping account. As readers will quickly learn, much of it is glossed over in other studies of the campaign, which cannot be fully understood without a firm appreciation of what the armies (and civilians) did on their way to the small crossroads town in Pennsylvania. Scott L. Mingus Sr. is a scientist and consultant in the global pulp and paper industry. Scott is the author of nearly two dozen books and numerous articles. His biography Confederate General William “Extra Billy” Smith won multiple awards, including the 2013 Dr. James I. Robertson, Jr. Literary Award for Confederate history. Scott is also the author of many articles for a wide variety of publications, including Gettysburg Magazine. Eric J. Wittenberg is an accomplished American Civil War cavalry historian and author. The Ohio attorney has authored nearly two dozen books on various Civil War subjects, with particular focus on cavalry operations, as well as three dozen articles in popular magazines, such as North & South, Blue & Gray, America's Civil War, and Gettysburg Magazine. His first book, Gettysburg's Forgotten Cavalry Actions, won the prestigious 1998 Bachelder-Coddington Literary Award. Wittenberg speaks widely, leads tours of various battlefields, and is an active preservationist.

This content is for Members only. Come and join us by subscribing here In the meantime, here's some more details about the show: It's a warm welcome then to the man himself: Dr. Brad Stone - the JazzWeek Programmer of the Year 2017, who's here every Thursday to present The Creative Source - a two hour show, highlighting jazz-fusion and progressive jazz flavours from back then, the here and now, plus occasional forays into the future. Please feel free to get in touch with Brad with any comments or suggestions you might have; he'll be more than happy to hear from you: brad@soulandjazz.com or follow him via Facebook or Twitter. Enjoy! The Creative Source 3rd November 2022 Artist - Track - Album - Year Jeff Denson/Romain Pilon/Brian Blade    Daily Julbilee of Dancing Herbie D    Finding Light    2022 Joe Marcinek Band    Dog    '5'    2022 Bill Frisell    The Pioneers    Four    2022 Helge Lien/Knut Hem    Peaceful Journey    Villingsberg    2022 Tomas Janzon    Valse Hot    Nomadic    2023 Shawn Purcell    Cat and Mouse    180'    2022 Ana Nelson    NelBap Choro    Bridges    2022 Roxanna Amed    Dos Tribus    Unánime    2022 Conrad Herwig    Better Get Hit in Your Soul    The Latin Side of Mingus    2022 Jae Sinnett's Zero to 60 Quartet w/ the Symphonicity Orchestra    Burrell's Choice    Live at the Sandler Center    2022 Amina Figarova    Green Blues    Joy    2022 Ernesto Cervini    Surprised by Joy    Joy    2022 Carmen Lundy    Shine a Light    Fade to Black    2022 Duduka Da Fonseca & Quarteto Universal    Lilia    "Yes!!!"    2022 Ricardo Bacelar    She Walks This Earth (Soberana Rosa)    Congênito    2022 The Ostara Project    Delta Sky    The Ostara Project    2022 Tim Fitzgerald's Full House    Mr. Walker    Full House    2022 Michael Fiorino/Ensemble 456    Restless Heart    Another Voyage    2022 Barrett Martin Group    Waves of Color    Stillpoint    2021 Barrett Martin Group    A Siren Calls    Stillpoint    2021 The post The Creative Source (#CreativeSource) – 3rd November 2022 appeared first on SoulandJazz.com | Stereo, not stereotypical ®.

Angles es una de las formaciones más apasionadas e interesantes del saxofonista y compositor sueco Martin Küchen. Con un sonido caracterizado por una particular mezcla entre el jazz espiritual de raíz africana en general y los Brotherhood Of Breath en particular, los arreglos de Mingus y las composiciones solemnes de inspiración hispana en contexto casi free propias de la Liberation Music Orchestra; esta formación va afianzando una identidad musical cada vez más sólida y reconocible sin dejar de sorprender disco tras disco. Estamos ante una de las bandas más excitantes del panorama contemporáneo europeo y no podíamos obviarla a la hora de hacerle un monográfico necesario. Repertorio: Angles - My World of Mines - Every Woman Is A Tree Angles - Today Is Better Than Tomorrow (Epileptical West) Angles 8 - By Way Of Deception (Lets Speak About The Weather (And Not About The War) Angles 9 - Injuries (Injuries) Angles 9 - European Boogie (Injuries)

https://pamplinmedia.com/pt/10-opinion/560719-448835-letter-vote-no-on-charter-reform-measurehttps://www.ulyssespac.comhttps://www.wweek.com/news/2022/10/05/we-tried-to-imagine-how-voting-would-work-under-portlands-proposed-charter-reforms/https://www.wweek.com/news/2022/10/19/wws-general-election-2022-endorsements-ballot-measures/https://www.oregonlive.com/opinion/2022/10/editorial-endorsement-november-2022-vote-no-on-mega-measure-to-overhaul-portland-city-government.html?outputType=amphttps://static1.squarespace.com/static/5d680f5a1844cb0001d243a4/t/5f7bfcdd3510c16a706bdc2c/1601961183375/Mingus_Mapps_Bio.jpghttps://pamplinmedia.com/pt/9-news/553917-443264-withheld-poll-question-prompts-charter-commission-resignation?wallit_nosession=1https://www.commonsensegovpdx.comhttps://twitter.com/candaceforpdx/status/1582804958201937920?s=46&t=8aSr_sA0dOFchC1RV1xIhw

Horace Parlan was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania and came to prominence with the 1958/59 edition of the Charles Mingus Jazz Workshop. after leaving Mingus he recorded prolifically as a sideman and signed a contract with Blue Note Records. His albums did well and he was a busy pianist. He developed a unique style of playing because of a handicap brought on by childhood polio which paralysed two fingers on his right hand. His albums for Blue Note sold well and yet this fine session was never issued until 1986 even though it was recorded in 1963. It was given a catalogue number and advertised but never issued at the time and this is the reason it is being spotlighted as part of our unissued Jazz Features this month. The music is superb and features a great band with Parlan leading on piano, Johnny Coles on trumpet, Booker Ervin on tenor saxophone, Grant Green on guitar, Edward "Butch" Warren on bass and Billy Higgins on drums. 6 original tunes are played by Parlan who wrote 2, Ervin who did 1 as did Johnny Coles and 1 by pianist Randy Weston. The intriguing opener called "Home is Africa" was penned by Sun Ra bassist Ronnie Boykins. The album is called "Happy Frame of Mind" and it's tonight's Jazz Feature.

In this episode, we discuss recordings of “Haydn 2032, Vol. 12: Les jeux et les plaisirs” by The Basel Chamber Orchestra / Giovanni Antonini, “Secret Love Letters” by Lisa Batiashvili, Giorgi Gigashvili & The Philadelphia Orchestra / Yannick Nézet-Séguin, “John Adams” by Tonhalle Zürich / Paavo Järvi, “Joy”  by Amina Figarova, “Meditations on Mingus” by Ethan Philion, and “The Latin Side of Mingus” by Conrad Herwig.   The Adult Music Podcast is featured in: Feedspot's Best 60 Jazz Podcasts   Episode 85 Deezer Playlist   Check out Thomas Gouker's podcast "SOMETHING came from Baltimore" for jazz, blues, and R&B interviews!   “Haydn 2032, Vol. 12: Les jeux et les plaisirs” (Alpha) Basel Chamber Orchestra / Giovanni Antonini https://open.spotify.com/album/6QlQD1Tvn7tgzfW3o9wPSS https://music.apple.com/iq/album/haydn-2032-vol-12-les-jeux-et-les-plaisirs/1626058453   “Secret Love Letters” (Deutsche Grammophon) Franck - Szymanowski - Chausson - Debussy Lisa Batiashvili, Giorgi Gigashvili & The Philadelphia Orchestra / Yannick Nézet-Séguin https://open.spotify.com/album/47TQ7C7vPiz2mKrpM8xpCD https://music.apple.com/iq/album/secret-love-letters/1627513869   “John Adams” (Alpha) Tonhalle Zürich / Paavo Järvi                            https://open.spotify.com/album/4mWyaayWBdQsJWKzQzG4T4 https://music.apple.com/iq/album/john-adams/1634412344   “Joy” (Amfi Records 16)  Amina Figarova https://open.spotify.com/album/72dc2FHEtwwSGfd0Kgr5e8 https://music.apple.com/iq/album/joy/1639219335   “Meditations on Mingus” (Sunnyside) Ethan Philion https://open.spotify.com/album/424YgY3XSF3ZWNNugxjAWS https://music.apple.com/iq/album/meditations-on-mingus/1633532033   “The Latin Side of Mingus” (Savant)  Conrad Herwig https://open.spotify.com/album/1xYPOJzZr9OxIsLBrLWRWy https://music.apple.com/iq/album/the-latin-side-of-mingus/1640315361

durée : 00:59:05 - Nourrir son âme - par : Nathalie Piolé - Du poulet pour notre estomac, des rêves pour notre esprit, des notes pour nos oreilles... ce soir dans Banzzai, on a parfaitement de quoi se nourrir.

Lynn Hill is a living legend. She is best known for being the first person to free El Capitan via The Nose in 1993. We talked about what it is like to be Lynn Hill in the modern climbing world, her upbringing, what sets her apart, the story of freeing The Nose, tips for shorter climbers, her mindset and affirmations, self-belief, how she makes a living these days, upcoming video projects, and much more.Check out Grasshopper Climbing!grasshopperclimbing.cominstagram.com/grasshopperclimbingTell them I sent you to save $500 off a fully kitted out 8'x10' Grasshopper board! Check out Athletic Greens!athleticgreens.com/NUGGETUse this link to get a free year's supply of vitamin D + 5 travel packs!Check out Rhino Skin Solutions!rhinoskinsolutions.comUse code “NUGGET” at checkout for 20% off your next order!Check out Frictitious Climbing!frictitiousclimbing.comUse code "NUGGET" at checkout for free shipping on your next order!Check out Arc'teryx!arcteryx.comArc'teryx Presents: Free as Can BeCheck out Chalk Cartel!chalkcartel.comUse code "NUGGET" at checkout for 20% off your next order! We are supported by these amazing BIG GIVERS:Leo Franchi, Michael Roy, David Lahaie, Robert Freehill, Jeremiah Johnson, Scott Donahue, Eli Conlee, Skyler Maxwell, Craig Lee, and Mark and Julie CalhounBecome a Patron:patreon.com/thenuggetclimbingShow Notes:  thenuggetclimbing.com/episodes/lynn-hillNuggets:0:06:27 – Lynn's technique video0:12:58 – How Lynn thinks about climbing technique0:16:47 – The documentary Lynn is working on, and Lynn's thoughts on Free Solo0:18:53 – Having the vision to free-climb The Nose0:21:01 – What it feels like to be Lynn Hill, and why she likes her gates facing out0:28:07 – Being famous before the internet0:29:48 – Harrison Ford, and how to act toward famous people0:33:33 – Being the first woman to climb 12d (7c), traveling to Europe in 1986, and learning French0:38:01 – Finishing college, getting “kidnapped by climbing”, and her first sponsorship0:42:33 – Being connected to the people who are pushing the sport forward, and Lynn's project with Sasha DiGiulian0:50:24 – Who excites Lynn the most in climbing right now0:56:22 – Why Lynn decided to try to free The Nose1:00:33 – The reality of aging, and appreciating the journey1:06:11 – Why The Nose was such a special experience1:08:53 – Lynn's visualization process, climbing her first 5.14 in France, and yawning before redpoint attempts1:11:14 – Breathing and screaming1:14:12 – Lynn's process of freeing The Nose1:23:41 – Projecting the Changing Corners pitch1:28:11 – Going for it, and Brooke Sandahl's role in The Nose going free1:32:07 – Why Lynn decided to free The Nose in a day, and how she trained for it1:35:56 – Her mindset for efficiency on The Nose, and sending during the full moon1:40:01 – “It's actually pretty strenuous…” and the Lynn Hill traverse1:41:59 – Lynn's height and ape index (5'1 1/4”, 0 ape index)1:43:29 – Advice for shorter climbers1:45:53 – First Ascent (Naked Edge film by Bob Carmichael), and the training Lynn was doing in the early 80s1:53:14 – Lynn's family upbringing, her temperament, and what sets her apart1:55:58 – The “what if” game, and taking an unconventional path1:59:07 – Lynn's current sponsorships, and how she makes a living these days2:03:09 – There are a lot of ways to make it as a pro climber2:07:56 – Patron Question from Nick: What parts of climbing culture would you like to see maintained? What would you be happy to see disappear?2:13:33 – Patron Question from Bradley: What do Lynn's passions look like today?2:15:23 – Patron Question from Jessica: Onsighting the FA of Mingus in 1994 in the Verdon2:21:59 – Patron Question from Matt: What was it like climbing on The Nose with Nina Caprez? Are you mentoring any other women?2:29:07 – Building ab strength after having a baby, and Lynn's replica of the Changing Corners intro move2:32:20 – Other women Lynn has mentored2:33:51 – Patron Question from Craig: Who have you climbed with that had amazing footwork?2:36:12 – Patron Question from Christoph: Can Lynn speak about the mental side of pushing boundaries?2:41:32 – Patron Question from Emily: How did Lynn learn to be independent of the limiting gendered cues coming from society at the time in order to realize her true potential?2:44:33 – Lynn's positive affirmations, challenging societal norms as a teenager, and seeing injustice in the world2:51:12 – Patron Question from Mark: Have women reached parody in climbing? If not, what can be done?2:58:45 – What Lynn is most excited about right now, her Italian name, and the value of learning other languages3:02:26 – Feeling excited about her new route on The Maiden, and ideas for her next trip to France3:05:32 – More about the documentary Lynn is working on3:09:04 – Where to buy “It goes boys” shirts, and signed photos from Lynn!3:11:01 – Lynn's plans for Hueco

Dix ans après la formation de son supergroupe Supersonic, satellisé dans l'orbite de Sun Ra, le saxophoniste-chanteur Thomas de Pourquery reprend les commandes du vaisseau amiral dont Back To The Moon marque le troisième décollage. Où l'on croise Mingus, une histoire d'amour, E.T., Caetano Veloso en kikongo, un robot et des chansons épiques. Visez la Lune. Quand il a décollé en avril 2021 vers la Station spatiale internationale, l'astronaute Thomas Pesquet a embarqué dans ses bagages une playlist concoctée par FIP. Y figurent notamment Space Cowboy de Jamiroquai et Walking In Space de Gal MacDermot, mais aussi Yes Yes Yes Yes de Thomas de Pourquery et Supersonic, titre du nouvel album du supergroupe, Back To The Moon. Retour sur la Lune, donc, pour le saxophoniste-chanteur qui vit la tête dans les étoiles depuis que son père lui a dit, quand il était encore enfant : « Si tu veux aller sur la Lune, vise la plus lointaine des galaxies. » Le vaisseau amiral Supersonic a été assemblé en 2011, six décennies après que Sun Ra satellisa l'album Super-Sonic Jazz en prétendant débarquer de Saturne. La formation fête donc ses 10 ans, longévité pas si fréquente avec une escouade fidèle : Laurent Bardainne, Fabrice Martinez, Arnaud Roulin, Frederick Galiay et Edward Perraud, dream team dont les noms apparaissent depuis longtemps, comme leaders ou sidemen, sur des projets qui font exploser les frontières entre jazz, rock progressif, pop ouvragée, funk psychédélique, musique contemporaine, électronique, africaine, etc. – la liste est infinie, s'agissant de créateurs érudits mais curieux de tout. Thomas de Pourquery & Supersonic Play Sun Ra (2014) puis Sons Of Love (2017) ont marqué les esprits du public et de la critique, et fourni le carburant de lives où la sophistication des compositions et la virtuosité des solistes se combinaient à l'excentricité et la communion, dans une ambiance de grand-messe païenne. Jamais deux sans trois, l'épopée ne pouvait pas en rester là. Retour sur la Lune, donc. Aussi loin qu'il s'en souvienne, Thomas de Pourquery s'est toujours passionné pour l'astronomie, autant qu'il s'est enivré de voyages – terrestres ou spirituels à défaut d'être cosmiques. L'espace et les grands espaces aspirent Back To The Moon avec d'autant plus de souffle que la pandémie nous cloue au sol. Mais la genèse de l'album précède la crise. Il puise une partie de son inspiration dans The Bride, un court-métrage réalisé en 2018 par Vincent Paronnaud aka Winshluss (co-auteur de Persépolis avec Marjane Satrapi) qui met en scène Supersonic dans un monde post-apocalyptique hanté de zombies, sur une BO signée par le groupe en fusion noise. Il intègre aussi la collaboration initiée en 2018 avec des musiciens congolais, dans la foulée de concerts donnés à Pointe-Noire et Brazzaville. Enfin, les compositions sont imprégnées par une histoire d'amour concomitante à leur exaltation lyrique. C'était avant qu'un virus percute cette trajectoire enchantée. Les paroles, écrites durant le premier confinement, invoquent parfois la lumière au bout des ténèbres, entre surréalisme et futurisme – Pourquery cite Federico Fellini et René Barjavel comme des influences possibles. Enregistré en juillet 2020 au studio parisien Question de Son, capté dans les conditions du live mais fignolé en post-production et au mixage, Back To The Moon est propulsé par l'introductif Take-Off (Décollage), avant de prendre sa vitesse de croisière avec Joy qui suggère la sérénité d'une orbite interstellaire, sur une mélodie à rapprocher – sans le faire exprès – du thème de John Williams pour E.T., l'extra-terrestre de Steven Spielberg. Suit Back To The Moon, l'alunissage après lequel l'équipage semble capter les fréquences radio d'un thème de bebop. Entrecoupé par trois miniatures où des papillons volètent, le voyage alterne une plage méditative (Jungle), une marche glissant vers Mingus (Wolf Smile), une ascension épique (I Gotta Dream), une discussion avec un robot (Venusian Boys), un tube pop (Yes Yes Yes Yes) et une chanson crépusculaire (Bring Me Back The Day), ainsi qu'une étourdissante reprise de Caetano Veloso (O Estrangeiro) avec deux percussionnistes congolais et sur des paroles en kikongo dans la voix de Berléa Bilem – « Si tu n'arrives à communiquer avec un autre monde, change de comportement », dit-elle en substance. L'énumération donne une idée du foisonnement d'un tel album, à l'écoute duquel s'éprouve l'ivresse de l'apesanteur. Ce space opera, qui emballe l'aventure cosmique de poésie et de lyrisme, dégage l'horizon de nos existences entravées. Lumière au bout du tunnel, Back To The Moon peut alors se lire suivant une autre traduction : dos à la Lune, face au Soleil.   Titres joués, extraits de l'album Back to the Moon (Lying Lions Prod 2022) Yes yes yes yes O Estrangeiro (Caetano Veloso) en kikongo  Back to the Moon voir le clip  Lullaby Sunrise. Concert anniversaire 4 novembre 2022 au Trianon, Paris. ► album Back To The Moon (Lying Lions Prod 2021).   Puis nous recevons le Wati Watia Zorey Band pour la sortie du 2ème album Déliryom mixé par Jean Lamoot. Ce collectif est issu de la rencontre entre Moriarty et Marjolaine Karlin, suite à leurs nombreux voyages sur l'île de La Réunion. Se sont joints à eux deux musiciens d'horizons nouveaux. Tous se sont passionnés pour cette langue et sa musicalité. Leurs amis communs sont Christine Salem et Danyèl Waro.  Occupés à leurs différents projets respectifs, ils ont pris le temps d'affiner leur hommage : 11 titres et une longue infusion dans la langue poétique et insoumise d'Alain Péters (monument de la musique réunionnaise, une idole locale, et qui plus est, les rythmes de l'océan Indien sont réputés injouables, incompréhensibles pour les non-locaux. Il fallait être plusieurs pour poursuivre les dialogues entamés par Alain Peters, nous sommes six : 2 chanteuses et 4 instrumentistes, pour retracer la descente d'un ange aux Enfers.   Titres interprétés au Grand studio Mon Pois l'est au feu Live RFI Rèt'pri, extrait de l'album Deliryom Evariste Siyèd'lon (René Geoffroy-Kan'nida) Live RFI voir le clip  Panier su la tête, ni chanté (Alain Peters) Live RFI voir le clip.   Musiciens : Rosemary Standley, chant ; Marjolaine Karlin, chant ; Jennifer Hutt, violon ; Chadi Chouman, guitare ; Salvador Douezy, percussions ; Gérald Chevillon, sax basse. Son : Benoît Letirant & Fabien Mugneret. ► album Déliryom (Zamora 2022).

Chicago based bassist and band leader Ethan Philion pays tribute to the iconic Charles Mingus with his new recording Meditations on Mingus on Sunnyside Records. In this episode of LINER NOTES Ethan discusses the care with which he approached the musical canon of the iconic Mingus while simultaneously endeavoring to highlight the social justice themes of the music which are as relevant today as they were fifty years ago when the music was composed. 

En JazzX5 suena “Better Git It In Your Soul” de la grabación de Ethan Philion Meditations on Mingus (Sunnyside Records. 2022). JazzX5 es un podcast de Pachi Tapiz.

This content is for Members only. Come and join us by subscribing here In the meantime, here's some more details about the show: It's a warm welcome then to the man himself: Dr. Brad Stone - the JazzWeek Programmer of the Year 2017, who's here every Thursday to present The Creative Source - a two hour show, highlighting jazz-fusion and progressive jazz flavours from back then, the here and now, plus occasional forays into the future. Please feel free to get in touch with Brad with any comments or suggestions you might have; he'll be more than happy to hear from you: brad@soulandjazz.com or follow him via Facebook or Twitter. Enjoy! The Creative Source 22nd September 2022 Artist - Track - Album - Year Julius Rodriguez    Gift of the Moon    Let Sound Tell All    2022 Antonio Sanchez    The Bucket (feat. Becca Stevens)    Shift: Bad Hombre Vol. 2    2022 Hugo Fernandez    Birdhouse    Ozean    2022 Nica Carrington    You Don't Know What Love Is    Times Like These    2022 Thomas Linger    Incantation    Out In It    2022 Sheila Jordan    The Bird & Confirmation    Live at Mezzrow    2022 Xiomara Torres    Me Quedo Contigo    La Voz del Mar    2022 Dafnis Prieto feat. Luciana Souza    Sueño de Amor    Cantar    2022 Antonio Sanchez    Alambari (feat. Maro)    Shift: Bad Hombre Vol. 2    2022 Brian Lynch and Spheres of Influence    Que Seriá La Vida    Songbook Vol. 2: Dance the Way U Want To    2022 Antonio Sanchez    Risa de Mujer (feat. Lila Downs)    Shift: Bad Hombre Vol. 2    2022 Miguel Zenón    América, El Continente    Música de las Américas    2022 Luis Deniz    La Ceiba de Mayuna    El Tinajon    2022 David Becker    Noobis    Planets    2022 Barry Coates/Jimmy Haslip/Jerry Kalaf    Retrograde    New Dreams    2022 William Flynn    Heatwave    Seaside    2022 Ethan Philion    Once Upon a Time There Was a Holding Corporation Called Old America    Meditaitons on Mingus    2022 Marc Mommaas    Free Above All    The Impressionist    2022 The post The Creative Source (#CreativeSource) – 22nd September 2022 appeared first on SoulandJazz.com | Stereo, not stereotypical ®.

Tonight's Jazz Feature is a fine album by the "welterweight champion of the tenor saxophone", Hank Mobley. The music typifies New York Jazz of the mid-50's and is timeless and always contemporary sounding. The people involved are Mobley and trumpeter Bill Hardman who was working at the time with Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers, pianist Sonny Clark, bassist Paul Chambers and ace drummer Arthur Taylor. What makes this session very special in the presence of alto and tenor saxophonist Shafi Hadi (born Curtis Porter). Hadi's unique style on both horns makes this session one of a kind.. It is also the only known recording outside of the Charles Mingus fold by Hadi. Hadi was with Mingus from 1956 to 1958 and is on almost all of Mingus' records of that time. Hadi essentially disappeared from the playing and recording scene after 1959. So anything by him is valuable and as this one is a non-Mingus date, it is important. So it's the Hank Mobley Sextet with Shafi Hadi tonight as our Jazz Feature.

Synopsis In 1962, American jazz composer, performer, and bandleader "Duke" Ellington was 63 years old – an acknowledged master, but trends in American jazz were changing, and there were much younger figures emerging, with more challenging styles. Take, for example, the bassist Charles Mingus, Jr, a master of collective improvisation, and drummer Max Roach, a pioneer in the Be-Bop movement. Despite their age and stylistic differences, these three jazz titans went into a recording studio on today's date in 1962 and, while tape rolled, using bare-bones charts provided by Ellington of melodies and harmonies, the three jazz titans improvised. The results were issued the following year as a classic LP entitled, “Money Jungle.” Despite his fame, Ellington did not have a recording contract in 1962, and, perhaps after decades experiencing the highs and lows of life as a Black jazz musician in a segregated society, “Money Jungle” reflects a certain bitterness. Along with the charts he gave Mingus and Roach, Ellington also provided poetic story lines for each track, like: "Crawling around on the streets are serpents who have their heads up; these are agents and people who have exploited artists. Play that along with the music.” Music Played in Today's Program Duke Ellington (1899-1974), Charles Mingus (1922-1979), and Max Roach (1924-2007) –Money Jungle: Blue Note 31461

durée : 00:59:13 - Allons au diable - par : Nathalie Piolé -

Ethan Philion is an award-winning bassist, composer, and bandleader based in Chicago. A graduate of Oberlin Conservatory and DePaul University, he has performed with Rufus Reid, Greg Ward, Dana Hall, and many other artists.  Ethan also won the International Society of Bassists Jazz Competition in 2019 and was selected to Chicago's Luminarts Jazz Fellowship in 2020.   Ethan recently released an album with his 10-piece ensemble on Sunnyside Records titled Meditations on Mingus.  We dig into the story behind this album and much more.  Enjoy!     Subscribe to the podcast to get these interviews delivered to you automatically!   Check out our Online Sheet Music Store with 100+ wide-ranging titles for bassists.   Listen to Contrabass Conversations with our free app for iOS, Android, and Kindle. Check out my Beginner's Classical Bass course and Intermediate to Advanced Classical Bass course, available exclusively from Discover Double Bass.   Thank you to our sponsors!   Dorico - Unlock Dorico for iPad – For Life! Want to enjoy all of Dorico for iPad's subscription-only features – including support for unlimited players, freehand annotations in Read mode with Apple Pencil, support for third-party Audio Unit plug-ins, and much more – but don't want to pay a monthly or annual fee? Dorico for iPad now provides a lifetime unlock option, so you can access all current and future subscription-only features for a single, one-off in-app purchase. Visit the App Store today and unlock Dorico for iPad for life!   Carnegie Mellon University Double Bass Studio - CMU is dedicated to helping each student achieve their goals as a musician. Every week each student receives private lessons and participates in a solo class with Micah Howard. Peter Guild, another member of the PSO, teaches Orchestral Literature and Repertoire weekly. They encourage students to reach out to the great bassists in their area for lessons and direction. Many of the bassists from all of the city's ensembles are more than willing to lend a hand. Every year members of the Symphony, the Opera and the Ballet give classes and offer our students individual attention. Click here to visit Micah's website and to sign up for a free online trial lesson.   Upton Bass String Instrument Company - Upton's Karr Model Upton Double Bass represents an evolution of our popular first Karr model, refined and enhanced with further input from Gary Karr. Since its introduction, the Karr Model with its combination of comfort and tone has gained a loyal following with jazz and roots players. The slim, long “Karr neck” has even become a favorite of crossover electric players.   theme music by Eric Hochberg

Tributes to Miles and Mingus, Camille Bertault, Theo Croker, and the German label ACT Music are some of the threads of this playlist, which also features one of the most surprising albums of the year... but you have to listen to find out what that is... The playlist also features Chris Dave; Mitglieder der Berliner Philharmoniker, Magnus Lindgren; Ethan Philion; David Helbock; Oan Kim; Erik Friedlander; Tigran Hamasyan; Trio Xolo. Detailed playlist at https://spinitron.com/RFB/pl/16366777/Mondo-Jazz (up to "Obsidian Eucalyptus"). Happy listening!

Monte was born in Fort Worth, Texas and grew up a few miles north in Keller. His dad is a veterinarian, and growing up, they lived outside of town. His fondest memories of childhood almost all revolve around shooting and hunting with his dad and G-Dad (his grandfather) or running through the pastures surrounding his dad's clinic with a BB gun, a .22 or a shotgun and his old Australian Shepherd, Tuffy. While going to college, Monte found Tac Pro Shooting Center, in Mingus, Texas. It was there that he entered his first 3-gun match. That match was miserable! It was cold (it never got above 35° that day), rainy and he finished up dead last. He was instantly hooked on the sport!Since that cold, rainy day, he has spent a lot of time asking questions, listening and leaning from a lot of fellow shooters. He's gone from dead last in that first match to typically being close to the top of the list when it's all said and done. Since becoming a full-time employee at XS Sights, Monte has been able to continually increase his skills and abilities as a competitive shooter. It is through his hard work and lots of help from friends and sponsors, as well as an understanding boss and co-workers, that he is able to continue improving and chasing his dream. Monte is a marketing and sales engineer, expert marksman and avid hog and deer hunter. His certifications include Tac Pro Shooting Center Primary Pistol, Tac Pro Shooting Center Intermediate Pistol, Tac Pro Shooting Center Advanced Pistol, Combat Shooting and Tactics (CSAT) Carbine Operator, CSAT Pistol Operator, CSAT Carbine/Pistol Instructor, Texas Commission on Law Enforcement (TCOLE) Basic Instructor, TCOLE Firearms Instructor, NRA Law Enforcement Activities Division (LEAD) Pistol/Shotgun Instructor, and NRA LEAD Select Fire Weapons Instructor.

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Das Saxofon soll klingen wie ein menschlicher Schrei, forderte Charlie Mingus. Einer, der aus seinen Musikern das letzte rausholte. Ein cholerischer Mocken. Ein sanfter Denker. Ein genialer Komponist und Bandleader mitten im Epizentrum des Jazz – und selber einer, der starke Eruptionen auslöste. Geboren am 22.4.1922, wollte er eigentlich klassischer Musiker werden. Dieser Beruf war ihm allerdings verwehrt als Nicht-Weisser. Mingus wächst in einer afroamerikanischen Community auf und hat nebst diesem Einfluss auch noch schwedische, britische und asiatische Wurzeln. Es sei für ihn schwierig, in einer Gemeinschaft anzukommen, sagte er immer wieder. Was ein Fluch ist, in psychischer Hinsicht, und ein Segen – für seine Musik. Denn Mingus Werk entwickelt sich aus den Verwerfungen dieser verschiedenen kulturellen Klippen heraus. Die deutsche Bassistin Lisa Hoppe sieht hier einen starken Treiber für sein lebenslanges Suchen und für seinen umwerfenden Output. Sie versammelt in der Jazz Collection selten gehörte Mingus-Stücke und versucht im Gespräch mit Annina Salis eine Annäherung an Charles Mingus als Menschen und Künstler mit all seinen Facetten – jenseits vom oft bedienten «Genius»-Narrativ. Erstausstrahlung: 19.04.22

Join us as we celebrate and honor the centennial of Charles Mingus! This episode will take a deep dive into his album Mingus Plays the Piano. Charles Mingus was a pioneer of the modern jazz movement and this album speaks to that. Amongst his vast discography, this album takes a slight departure from his typical music styles. The listener will hear various influences of early 20th c. composers along with Mingus' own amount of spice. In the episode we will feature the album along with excerpts from the biography Beneath the Underdog: His World as Composed by Charles Mingus.

Link to Spotify video: https://open.spotify.com/show/4HmbThc1A9pQRRk8bTHyAG Author, fitness trainer and cheer coach, Kathy Murray joins the podcast as she discusses her book, The Munich Cowboys Cheerleaders available on Audible. We talk about overcoming adversity, getting back up after being let down and going after what you love. Kathy currently runs her personal training business Fit Bodies and offers online coaching as well. She lives in Atlanta with her husband, dog and cat. Be sure to check out her book on audible and visit her website to learn more about who she is and how she's inspiring others to become their best selves through fitness and motivation! Link to website and audible book: https://fit-bodies.net/ Instagram: tribaby1 _________________ Full BIO Kathy Murray is a certified personal trainer with over thirty years' experience in the fitness industry. She is a graduate of The Ohio State University where she was a member of the 1983 National Cheerleading Championship Team. After college she competed in and won the United States Aerobic Championship in 1986 and spent the year traveling the world as a Fitness Ambassador and worked as a free-lance educator to teach fitness to European Instructors. While in Munich, she coached the Munich Cowboys (American Football) Cheerleaders to six national titles in cheerleading and was head trainer/translator for the German Gladiators during a pilot TV show for the International Gladiators. Kathy and her company "Stand Up and Cheer" worked with the Atlanta Falcons Cheerleaders for two seasons enhancing their fan cheers. Kathy has owned her personal training business Fit Bodies for 24 years and in 2022 co-authored the Audible book, The Munich Cowboy Cheerleaders based on her time coaching the squad. She lives in Atlanta with her husband Lutalo, dog Mingus and cat Sassy.

Author, fitness trainer and cheer coach, Kathy Murray joins the podcast as she discusses her book, The Munich Cowboys Cheerleaders available on Audible. We talk about overcoming adversity, getting back up after being let down and going after what you love. Kathy currently runs her personal training business Fit Bodies and offers online coaching as well. She lives in Atlanta with her husband, dog and cat. Be sure to check out her book on audible and visit her website to learn more about who she is and how she's inspiring others to become their best selves through fitness and motivation! Link to website and audible book: https://fit-bodies.net/ Instagram: tribaby1 ___________________________ Full BIO Kathy Murray is a certified personal trainer with over thirty years' experience in the fitness industry. She is a graduate of The Ohio State University where she was a member of the 1983 National Cheerleading Championship Team. After college she competed in and won the United States Aerobic Championship in 1986 and spent the year traveling the world as a Fitness Ambassador and worked as a free-lance educator to teach fitness to European Instructors. While in Munich, she coached the Munich Cowboys (American Football) Cheerleaders to six national titles in cheerleading and was head trainer/translator for the German Gladiators during a pilot TV show for the International Gladiators. Kathy and her company "Stand Up and Cheer" worked with the Atlanta Falcons Cheerleaders for two seasons enhancing their fan cheers. Kathy has owned her personal training business Fit Bodies for 24 years and in 2022 co-authored the Audible book, The Munich Cowboy Cheerleaders based on her time coaching the squad. She lives in Atlanta with her husband Lutalo, dog Mingus and cat Sassy.

A master is someone who teaches, a master is someone who sacrifices and loves themselves. To master is knowing how to access your native gifts. As far as my guest is concerned that translates out to being one of the most in demand, highly respected, versatile bassists in the world. He was raised by his musical elders like Richard Davis who had been a guest twice on this show. The Pisces swimming upstream downstream always adapting, always churning, overcoming. Astrology aside my guest has played with The Queen of Soul Aretha Franklin for the last 50 years. That was in between studying and watching Mingus dual with Dolphy in some mob run club. Lock the groove, play free, play a blues before the word funk even came into the lexicon. He's played and recorded with King Curtis, Jim Pepper, Duane and Gregg Allman, Eddie Harris, Gil Scott Heron, The Voices of East Harlem and Shirley Scott. A master gives back like Ali Akbar Kahn and Jerry Wexler and Dizzy Gillespie. Knowing their instrument, knowing their strengths like Chuck Rainey or Bernard Purdie or the late great Richard Tee.......my guest today is giving back on multiple levels including mixing live iconic music with youth baseball. Something only Jackie Robinson would have dreamed off.... Jerry Jemmott welcome to the JFS

Thanks for tuning in to the Activated Authors podcast. If you're ready to ACTIVATE your author career, head on over to https://activatedauthors.com/ Kathy Murray is a certified personal trainer with over thirty years' experience in the fitness industry. She is a graduate of The Ohio State University where she was a member of the 1983 National Cheerleading Championship Team. After college she competed in and won the United States Aerobic Championship in 1986 and spent the year traveling the world as a Fitness Ambassador and worked as a free-lance educator to teach fitness to European Instructors. While in Munich, Kathy coached the Munich Cowboys (American Football) Cheerleaders to six national titles in cheerleading and was head trainer/translator for the German Gladiators during a pilot TV show for the International Gladiators. Always an avid cyclist, Kathy dipped her toe into the world of multi-sport in 2000, first competing in duathlons then eventually moving to triathlons. Kathy has owned her personal training business Fit Bodies for 24 years and in 2022 co-authored the Audible book, The Munich Cowboys Cheerleaders based on her time coaching the squad. She lives in Atlanta with her husband Lutalo, dog Mingus and cat Sassy. In this episode we go deep into: The journey of the book [25:15] The difference between European and American cheerleading [29:48] The challenges of the early days [31:50] Bringing the squad into shape [35:09] Rising above dsicrimination [40:20] How a PT mindset helped her write [43:55] Kathy's writing process [46:46] Mixing fact and fiction [49:14] Leaving the 9-5 world [52:47] What's next [58:20] Improving a writers health [01:04:16] Why Kathy writes [01:05:04] Find out more about Kathy Murray: https://www.fit-bodies.net https://www.audible.co.uk/pd/The-Munich-Cowboys-Cheerleaders-Audiobook/B09Q971Y5M Get more from Activated Authors! https://activatedauthors.com/ Watch the show: https://youtu.be/_1Ymsqti2BU  Find out more about Daniel Willcocks https://www.danielwillcocks.com/ IG: @willcockswriter Twitter: @willcockswriter Find out more about Samantha Frost www.mastressofnone.com IG: @mastressofnone Special thanks to: Show theme: Karl Hughes Show editing: Sam Frost

Episode one hundred and forty-eight of A History of Rock Music in Five Hundred Songs looks at “Light My Fire" by the Doors, the history of cool jazz, and Maharishi Mahesh Yogi. Click the full post to read liner notes, links to more information, and a transcript of the episode. Patreon backers also have a ten-minute bonus episode available, on "My Friend Jack" by the Smoke. Tilt Araiza has assisted invaluably by doing a first-pass edit, and will hopefully be doing so from now on. Check out Tilt's irregular podcasts at http://www.podnose.com/jaffa-cakes-for-proust and http://sitcomclub.com/ Resources As usual, I've put together a Mixcloud mix containing all the music excerpted in this episode and the shorter spoken-word tracks. Information on Dick Bock, World Pacific, and Ravi Shankar came from Indian Sun: The Life and Music of Ravi Shankar by Oliver Craske. Ray Manzarek, John Densmore, and Robby Krieger have all released autobiographies. Densmore's is out of print, but I referred to Manzarek's and Krieger's here. Of the two Krieger's is vastly more reliable. I also used Mick Wall's book on the Doors and Stephen Davis' biography of Jim Morrison. Information about Elektra Records came from Follow the Music by Jac Holzman and Gavan Daws, which is available as a free PDF download on Elektra's website. Biographical information on Maharishi Mahesh Yogi comes from this book, written by one of his followers. The Doors' complete studio albums can be bought as MP3s for £14. Patreon This podcast is brought to you by the generosity of my backers on Patreon. Why not join them? Transcript There are two big problems that arise for anyone trying to get an accurate picture of history, and which have certainly arisen for me during the course of this podcast -- things which make sources unreliable enough that you feel you have to caveat everything you say on a subject. One of those is hagiography, and the converse desire to tear heroes down. No matter what one wants to say on, say, the subjects of Jesus or Mohammed or Joseph Smith, the only sources we have for their lives are written either by people who want to present them as unblemished paragons of virtue, or by people who want to destroy that portrayal -- we know that any source is written by someone with a bias, and it might be a bias we agree with, but it's still a bias. The other, related, problem, is deliberate disinformation. This comes up especially for people dealing with military history -- during conflicts, governments obviously don't want their opponents to know when their attacks have caused damage, or to know what their own plans are, and after a war has concluded the belligerent parties want to cover up their own mistakes and war crimes. We're sadly seeing that at the moment in the situation in Ukraine -- depending on one's media diet, one could get radically different ideas of what is actually going on in that terrible conflict. But it happens all the time, in all wars, and on all sides. Take the Vietnam War. While the US was involved on the side of the South Vietnamese government from the start of that conflict, it was in a very minor way, mostly just providing supplies and training. Most historians look at the real start of US involvement in that war as having been in August 1964. President Johnson had been wanting, since assuming the Presidency in November 1963 after the death of John F Kennedy, to get further into the war, but had needed an excuse to do so. The Gulf of Tonkin Incident provided him with that excuse. On August the second, a fleet of US warships entered into what the North Vietnamese considered their territorial waters -- they used a different distance from shore to mark their territorial waters than most other countries used, and one which wasn't generally accepted, but which they considered important. Because of this, some North Vietnamese ships started following the American ones. The American ships, who thought they weren't doing anything wrong, set off what they considered to be warning shots, and the North Vietnamese ships fired back, which to the American ships was considered them attacking. Some fire was exchanged, but not much happened. Two days later, the American ships believed they were getting attacked again, and spent several hours firing at what they believed were North Vietnamese submarines. It was later revealed that this was just the American sonar systems playing up, and that they were almost certainly firing at nothing at all, and some even suspected that at the time -- President Johnson apparently told other people in confidence that in his opinion they'd been firing at stray dolphins. But that second "attack", however flimsy the evidence, was enough that Johnson could tell Congress and the nation that an American fleet had been attacked by the North Vietnamese, and use that as justification to get Congress to authorise him sending huge numbers of troops to Vietnam, and getting America thoroughly embroiled in a war that would cost innumerable lives and billions of dollars for what turned out to be no benefit at all to anyone. The commander of the US fleet involved in the Gulf of Tonkin operation was then-Captain, later Rear Admiral, Steve Morrison: [Excerpt: The Doors, "The End"] We've talked a bit in this podcast previously about the development of jazz in the forties, fifties, and early sixties -- there was a lot of back and forth influence in those days between jazz, blues, R&B, country, and rock and roll, far more than one might imagine looking at the popular histories of these genres, and so we've looked at swing, bebop, and modal jazz before now. But one style of music we haven't touched on is the type that was arguably the most popular and influential style of jazz in the fifties, even though we've mentioned several of the people involved in it. We've never yet had a proper look at Cool Jazz. Cool Jazz, as its name suggests, is a style of music that was more laid back than the more frenetic bebop or hard-edged modal jazz. It was a style that sounded sophisticated, that sounded relaxed, that prized melody and melodic invention over super-fast technical wizardry, and that produced much of what we now think of when we think of "jazz" as a popular style of music. The records of Dave Brubeck, for example, arguably the most popular fifties jazz musician, are very much in the "cool jazz" mode: [Excerpt: The Dave Brubeck Quartet, "Take Five"] And we have mentioned on several occasions the Modern Jazz Quartet, who were cited as influences by everyone from Ray Charles to the Kinks to the Modern Folk Quartet: [Excerpt: The Modern Jazz Quartet, "Regret?"] We have also occasionally mentioned people like Mose Allison, who occasionally worked in the Cool Jazz mode. But we've never really looked at it as a unified thing. Cool Jazz, like several of the other developments in jazz we've looked at, owes its existence to the work of the trumpeter Miles Davis, who was one of the early greats of bop and who later pioneered modal jazz. In 1948, in between his bop and modal periods, Davis put together a short-lived nine-piece group, the Miles Davis Nonette, who performed together for a couple of weeks in late 1948, and who recorded three sessions in 1949 and 1950, but who otherwise didn't perform much. Each of those sessions had a slightly different lineup, but key people involved in the recordings were Davis himself, arranger Gil Evans, piano player John Lewis, who would later go on to become the leader of the Modern Jazz Quartet, and baritone sax player Gerry Mulligan. Mulligan and Evans, and the group's alto player Lee Konitz, had all been working for the big band Claude Thornhill and his Orchestra, a band which along with the conventional swing instruments also had a French horn player and a tuba player, and which had recorded soft, mellow, relaxing music: [Excerpt: Claude Thornhill and his Orchestra, "To Each His Own"] The Davis Nonette also included French horn and tuba, and was explicitly modelled on Thornhill's style, but in a stripped-down version. They used the style of playing that Thornhill preferred, with no vibrato, and with his emphasis on unison playing, with different instruments doubling each other playing the melody, rather than call-and response riffing: [Excerpt: The Miles Davis Nonette, "Venus De Milo"] Those recordings were released as singles in 1949 and 1950, and were later reissued in 1957 as an album titled "Birth of the Cool", by which point Cool Jazz had become an established style, though Davis himself had long since moved on in other musical directions. After the Birth of the Cool sessions, Gerry Mulligan had recorded an album as a bandleader himself, and then had moved to the West Coast, where he'd started writing arrangements for Stan Kenton, one of the more progressive big band leaders of the period: [Excerpt: Stan Kenton, "Young Blood"] While working for Kenton, Mulligan had started playing dates at a club called the Haig, where the headliner was the vibraphone player Red Norvo. While Norvo had started out as a big-band musician, playing with people like Benny Goodman, he had recently started working in a trio, with just a guitarist, initially Tal Farlowe, and bass player, initially Charles Mingus: [Excerpt: Red Norvo, "This Can't Be Love"] By 1952 Mingus had left Norvo's group, but they were still using the trio format, and that meant there was no piano at the venue, which meant that Mulligan had to form a band that didn't rely on the chordal structures that a piano would provide -- the idea of a group with a rhythm section that *didn't* have a piano was quite an innovation in jazz at this time, and freeing themselves from that standard instrument ended up opening up extra possibilities. His group consisted of himself on saxophone, Chet Baker on trumpet, Bob Whitlock on bass and Chico Hamilton on drums. They made music in much the same loose, casual, style as the recordings Mulligan had made with Davis, but in a much smaller group with the emphasis being on the interplay between Mulligan and Baker. And this group were the first group to record on a new label, Pacific Jazz, founded by Dick Bock. Bock had served in the Navy during World War II, and had come back from the South Pacific with two tastes -- a taste for hashish, and for music that was outside the conventional American pop mould. Bock *loved* the Mulligan Quartet, and in partnership with his friend Roy Harte, a notable jazz drummer, he raised three hundred and fifty dollars to record the first album by Mulligan's new group: [Excerpt: Gerry Mulligan Quartet, "Aren't You Glad You're You?"] Pacific Jazz, the label Bock and Harte founded, soon became *the* dominant label for Cool Jazz, which also became known as the West Coast Sound.  The early releases on the label were almost entirely by the Mulligan Quartet, released either under Mulligan's name, as by Chet Baker, or as "Lee Konitz and the Gerry Mulligan Quartet" when Mulligan's old bandmate Konitz joined them. These records became big hits, at least in the world of jazz. But both Mulligan and Baker were heroin addicts, and in 1953 Mulligan got arrested and spent six months in prison. And while he was there, Chet Baker made some recordings in his own right and became a bona fide star. Not only was Baker a great jazz trumpet player, he was also very good looking, and it turned out he could sing too. The Mulligan group had made the song "My Funny Valentine" one of the highlights of its live shows, with Baker taking a trumpet solo: [Excerpt: Gerry Mulligan Quartet, "My Funny Valentine"] But when Baker recorded a vocal version, for his album Chet Baker Sings, it made Baker famous: [Excerpt: Chet Baker, "My Funny Valentine"] When Mulligan got out of prison, he wanted to rehire Baker, but Baker was now topping the popularity polls in all the jazz magazines, and was the biggest breakout jazz star of the early fifties. But Mulligan formed a new group, and this just meant that Pacific Jazz had *two* of the biggest acts in jazz on its books now, rather than just one. But while Bock loved jazz, he was also fascinated by other kinds of music, and while he was in New York at the beginning of 1956 he was invited by his friend George Avakian, a producer who had worked with Miles Davis, Louis Armstrong, and others, to come and see a performance by an Indian musician he was working with. Avakian was just about to produce Ravi Shankar's first American album, The Sounds of India, for Columbia Records. But Columbia didn't think that there was much of a market for Shankar's music -- they were putting it out as a speciality release rather than something that would appeal to the general public -- and so they were happy for Bock to sign Shankar to his own label. Bock renamed the company World Pacific, to signify that it was now going to be putting out music from all over the world, not just jazz, though he kept the Pacific Jazz label for its jazz releases, and he produced Shankar's next album,  India's Master Musician: [Excerpt: Ravi Shankar, "Raga Charu Keshi"] Most of Shankar's recordings for the next decade would be produced by Bock, and Bock would also try to find ways to combine Shankar's music with jazz, though Shankar tried to keep a distinction between the two. But for example on Shankar's next album for World Pacific, Improvisations and Theme from Pather Panchali, he was joined by a group of West Coast jazz musicians including Bud Shank (who we'll hear about again in a future episode) on flute: [Excerpt: Ravi Shankar, "Improvisation on the Theme From Pather Panchali"] But World Pacific weren't just putting out music. They also put out spoken-word records. Some of those were things that would appeal to their jazz audience, like the comedy of Lord Buckley: [Excerpt: Lord Buckley, "Willy the Shake"] But they also put out spoken-word albums that appealed to Bock's interest in spirituality and philosophy, like an album by Gerald Heard. Heard had previously written the liner notes for Chet Baker Sings!, but as well as being a jazz fan Heard was very connected in the world of the arts -- he was a very close friend with Aldous Huxley -- and was also interested in various forms of non-Western spirituality. He practiced yoga, and was also fascinated by Buddhism, Vedanta, and Taoism: [Excerpt: Gerald Heard, "Paraphrased from the Tao te Ching of Lao Tzu"] We've come across Heard before, in passing, in the episode on "Tomorrow Never Knows", when Ralph Mentzner said of his experiments with Timothy Leary and Ram Dass "At the suggestion of Aldous Huxley and Gerald Heard we began using the Bardo Thödol ( Tibetan Book of the Dead) as a guide to psychedelic sessions" -- Heard was friends with both Huxley and Humphrey Osmond, and in fact had been invited by them to take part in the mescaline trip that Huxley wrote about in his book The Doors of Perception, the book that popularised psychedelic drug use, though Heard was unable to attend at that time. Heard was a huge influence on the early psychedelic movement -- though he always advised Leary and his associates not to be so public with their advocacy, and just to keep it to a small enlightened circle rather than risk the wrath of the establishment -- and he's cited by almost everyone in Leary's circle as having been the person who, more than anything else, inspired them to investigate both psychedelic drugs and mysticism. He's the person who connected Bill W. of Alcoholics Anonymous with Osmond and got him advocating LSD use. It was Heard's books that made Huston Smith, the great scholar of comparative religions and associate of Leary, interested in mysticism and religions outside his own Christianity, and Heard was one of the people who gave Leary advice during his early experiments. So it's not surprising that Bock also became interested in Leary's ideas before they became mainstream. Indeed, in 1964 he got Shankar to do the music for a short film based on The Psychedelic Experience, which Shankar did as a favour for his friend even though Shankar didn't approve of drug use. The film won an award in 1965, but quickly disappeared from circulation as its ideas were too controversial: [Excerpt: The Psychedelic Experience (film)] And Heard introduced Bock to other ideas around philosophy and non-Western religions. In particular, Bock became an advocate for a little-known Hindu mystic who had visited the US in 1959 teaching a new style of meditation which he called Transcendental Meditation. A lot is unclear about the early life of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, even his birth name -- both "Maharishi" and "Yogi" are honorifics rather than names as such, though he later took on both as part of his official name, and in this and future episodes I'll refer to him as "the Maharishi". What we do know is that he was born in India, and had attained a degree in physics before going off to study with Swami Brahmananda Saraswati, a teacher of the Advaita Vedanta school of Hinduism. Now, I am not a Hindu, and only have a passing knowledge of Hindu theology and traditions, and from what I can gather getting a proper understanding requires a level of cultural understanding I don't have, and in particular a knowledge of the Sanskrit language, so my deepest apologies for any mangling I do of these beliefs in trying to talk about them as they pertain to mid-sixties psychedelic rock. I hope my ignorance is forgivable, and seen as what it is rather than malice. But the teachings of this school as I understand them seem to centre around an idea of non-separation -- that God is in all things, and is all things, and that there is no separation between different things, and that you merely have to gain a deep realisation of this. The Maharishi later encapsulated this in the phrase "I am that, thou art that, all this is that", which much later the Beach Boys, several of whom were followers of the Maharishi, would turn into a song: [Excerpt: The Beach Boys, "All This is That"] The other phrase they're singing there, "Jai Guru Dev" is also a phrase from the Maharishi, and refers to his teacher Brahmananda Saraswati -- it means "all hail the divine teacher" or "glory to the heavenly one", and "guru dev" or "guru deva" was the name the Maharishi would use for Saraswati after his death, as the Maharishi believed that Saraswati was an actual incarnation of God. It's that phrase that John Lennon is singing in "Across the Universe" as well, another song later inspired by the Maharishi's teachings: [Excerpt: The Beatles, "Across the Universe"] The Maharishi became, by his own account, Saraswati's closest disciple, advisor, and right-hand man, and was privy to his innermost thoughts. However, on Saraswati's death the leadership of the monastery he led became deeply contested, with two different rivals to the position, and the Maharishi was neither -- the rules of the monastery said that only people born into the Brahmin caste could reach the highest positions in the monastery's structure, and the Maharishi was not a Brahmin. So instead of remaining in the monastery, the Maharishi went out into the world to teach a new form of meditation which he claimed he had learned from Guru Dev, a technique which became known as transcendental meditation. The Maharishi would, for the rest of his life, always claim that the system he taught was Guru Dev's teaching for the world, not his own, though the other people who had been at the monastery with him said different things about what Saraswati had taught -- but of course it's perfectly possible for a spiritual leader to have had multiple ideas and given different people different tasks. The crucial thing about the Maharishi's teaching, the way it differed from everything else in the history of Hindu monasticism (as best I understand this) is that all previous teachers of meditation had taught that to get the benefit of the techniques one had to be a renunciate -- you should go off and become a monk and give up all worldly pleasures and devote your life to prayer and meditation. Traditionally, Hinduism has taught that there are four stages of life -- the student, the householder or married person with a family, the retired person, and the Sanyasi, or renunciate, but that you could skip straight from being a student to being a Sanyasi and spend your life as a monk. The Maharishi, though, said: "Obviously enough there are two ways of life: the way of the Sanyasi and the way of life of a householder. One is quite opposed to the other. A Sanyasi renounces everything of the world, whereas a householder needs and accumulates everything. The one realises, through renunciation and detachment, while the other goes through all attachments and accumulation of all that is needed for physical life." What the Maharishi taught was that there are some people who achieve the greatest state of happiness by giving up all the pleasures of the senses, eating the plainest possible food, having no sexual, familial, or romantic connections with anyone else, and having no possessions, while there are other people who achieve the greatest state of happiness by being really rich and having a lot of nice stuff and loads of friends and generally enjoying the pleasures of the flesh -- and that just as there are types of meditation that can help the first group reach enlightenment, there are also types of meditation that will fit into the latter kind of lifestyle, and will help those people reach oneness with God but without having to give up their cars and houses and money. And indeed, he taught that by following his teachings you could get *more* of those worldly pleasures. All you had to do, according to his teaching, was to sit still for fifteen to twenty minutes, twice a day, and concentrate on a single Sanskrit word or phrase, a mantra, which you would be given after going through a short course of teaching. There was nothing else to it, and you would eventually reach the same levels of enlightenment as the ascetics who spent seventy years living in a cave and eating only rice -- and you'd end up richer, too. The appeal of this particular school is, of course, immediately apparent, and Bock became a big advocate of the Maharishi, and put out three albums of his lectures: [Excerpt: Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, "Deep Meditation"] Bock even met his second wife at one of the Maharishi's lectures, in 1961. In the early sixties, World Pacific got bought up by Liberty Records, the label for which Jan and Dean and others recorded, but Bock remained in charge of the label, and expanded it, adding another subsidiary, Aura Records, to put out rock and roll singles. Aura was much less successful than the other World Pacific labels. The first record the label put out was a girl-group record, "Shooby Dooby", by the Lewis Sisters, two jazz-singing white schoolteachers from Michigan who would later go on to have a brief career at Motown: [Excerpt: The Lewis Sisters, "Shooby Dooby"] The most successful act that Aura ever had was Sonny Knight, an R&B singer who had had a top twenty hit in 1956 with "Confidential", a song he'd recorded on Specialty Records with Bumps Blackwell, and which had been written by Dorinda Morgan: [Excerpt: Sonny Knight, "Confidential"] But Knight's biggest hit on Aura, "If You Want This Love", only made number seventy-one on the pop charts: [Excerpt: Sonny Knight, "If You Want This Love"] Knight would later go on to write a novel, The Day the Music Died, which Greil Marcus described as "the bitterest book ever written about how rock'n'roll came to be and what it turned into". Marcus said it was about "how a rich version of American black culture is transformed into a horrible, enormously profitable white parody of itself: as white labels sign black artists only to ensure their oblivion and keep those blacks they can't control penned up in the ghetto of the black charts; as white America, faced with something good, responds with a poison that will ultimately ruin even honest men". Given that Knight was the artist who did the *best* out of Aura Records, that says a great deal about the label. But one of the bands that Aura signed, who did absolutely nothing on the charts, was a group called Rick and the Ravens, led by a singer called Screamin' Ray Daniels. They were an LA club band who played a mixture of the surf music which the audiences wanted and covers of blues songs which Daniels preferred to sing. They put out two singles on Aura, "Henrietta": [Excerpt: Rick and the Ravens, "Henrietta"] and "Soul Train": [Excerpt: Rick and the Ravens, "Soul Train"] Ray Daniels was a stage name -- his birth name was Ray Manzarek, and he would later return to that name -- and the core of the band was Ray on vocals and his brothers Rick on guitar and Jim on harmonica. Manzarek thought of himself as a pretty decent singer, but they were just a bar band, and music wasn't really his ideal career.  Manzarek had been sent to college by his solidly lower-middle-class Chicago family in the hope that he would become a lawyer, but after getting a degree in economics and a brief stint in the army, which he'd signed up for to avoid getting drafted in the same way people like Dean Torrence did, he'd gone off to UCLA to study film, with the intention of becoming a filmmaker. His family had followed him to California, and he'd joined his brothers' band as a way of making a little extra money on the side, rather than as a way to become a serious musician. Manzarek liked the blues songs they performed, and wasn't particularly keen on the surf music, but thought it was OK. What he really liked, though, was jazz -- he was a particular fan of McCoy Tyner, the pianist on all the great John Coltrane records: [Excerpt: John Coltrane, "My Favorite Things"] Manzarek was a piano player himself, though he didn't play much with the Ravens, and he wanted more than anything to be able to play like Tyner, and so when Rick and the Ravens got signed to Aura Records, he of course became friendly with Dick Bock, who had produced so many great jazz records and worked with so many of the greats of the genre. But Manzarek was also having some problems in his life. He'd started taking LSD, which was still legal, and been fascinated by its effects, but worried that he couldn't control them -- he couldn't tell whether he was going to have a good trip or a bad one. He was wondering if there was a way he could have the same kind of revelatory mystical experience but in a more controlled manner. When he mentioned this to Bock, Bock told him that the best method he knew for doing that was transcendental meditation. Bock gave him a copy of one of the Maharishi's albums, and told him to go to a lecture on transcendental meditation, run by the head of the Maharishi's west-coast organisation, as by this point the Maharishi's organisation, known as Spiritual Regeneration, had an international infrastructure, though it was still nowhere near as big as it would soon become. At the lecture, Manzarek got talking to one of the other audience members, a younger man named John Densmore. Densmore had come to the lecture with his friend Robby Krieger, and both had come for the same reason that Manzarek had -- they'd been having bad trips and so had become a little disillusioned with acid. Krieger had been the one who'd heard about transcendental meditation, while he was studying the sitar and sarod at UCLA -- though Krieger would later always say that his real major had been in "not joining the Army". UCLA had one of the few courses in Indian music available in the US at the time, as thanks in part to Bock California had become the centre of American interest in music from India -- so much so that in 1967 Ravi Shankar would open up a branch of his own Kinnara Music School there. (And you can get an idea of how difficult it is to separate fact from fiction when researching this episode that one of the biographies I've used for the Doors says that Krieger heard about the Maharishi while studying at the Kinnara school. As the only branch of the Kinnara school that was open at this point was in Mumbai, it's safe to say that unless Krieger had a *really* long commute he wasn't studying there at this point.) Densmore and Manzarek got talking, and they found that they shared a lot of the same tastes in jazz -- just as Manzarek was a fan of McCoy Tyner, so Densmore was a fan of Elvin Jones, the drummer on those Coltrane records, and they both loved the interplay of the two musicians: [Excerpt: John Coltrane, "My Favorite Things"] Manzarek was starting to play a bit more keyboards with the Ravens, and he was also getting annoyed with the Ravens' drummer, who had started missing rehearsals -- he'd turn up only for the shows themselves. He thought it might be an idea to get Densmore to join the group, and Densmore agreed to come along for a rehearsal. That initial rehearsal Densmore attended had Manzarek and his brothers, and may have had a bass player named Patricia Hansen, who was playing with the group from time to time around this point, though she was mostly playing with a different bar band, Patty and the Esquires. But as well as the normal group members, there was someone else there, a friend of Manzarek's from film school named Jim Morrison. Morrison was someone who, by Manzarek's later accounts, had been very close to Manzarek at university, and who Manzarek had regarded as a genius, with a vast knowledge of beat poetry and European art film, but who had been regarded by most of the other students and the lecturers as being a disruptive influence. Morrison had been a fat, asthmatic, introverted kid -- he'd had health problems as a child, including a bout of rheumatic fever which might have weakened his heart, and he'd also been prone to playing the kind of "practical jokes" which can often be a cover for deeper problems. For example, as a child he was apparently fond of playing dead -- lying in the corridors at school and being completely unresponsive for long periods no matter what anyone did to move him, then suddenly getting up and laughing at anyone who had been concerned and telling them it was a joke. Given how frequently Morrison would actually pass out in later life, often after having taken some substance or other, at least one biographer has suggested that he might have had undiagnosed epilepsy (or epilepsy that was diagnosed but which he chose to keep a secret) and have been having absence seizures and covering for them with the jokes. Robby Krieger also says in his own autobiography that he used to have the same doctor as Morrison, and the doctor once made an offhand comment about Morrison having severe health problems, "as if it was common knowledge". His health difficulties, his weight, his introversion, and the experience of moving home constantly as a kid because of his father's career in the Navy, had combined to give him a different attitude to most of his fellow students, and in particular a feeling of rootlessness -- he never owned or even rented his own home in later years, just moving in with friends or girlfriends -- and a lack of sense of his own identity, which would often lead to him making up lies about his life and acting as if he believed them. In particular, he would usually claim to friends that his parents were dead, or that he had no contact with them, even though his family have always said he was in at least semi-regular contact. At university, Morrison had been a big fan of Rick and the Ravens, and had gone to see them perform regularly, but would always disrupt the shows -- he was, by all accounts, a lovely person when sober but an aggressive boor when drunk -- by shouting out for them to play "Louie Louie", a song they didn't include in their sets. Eventually one of Ray's brothers had called his bluff and said they'd play the song, but only if Morrison got up on stage and sang it. He had -- the first time he'd ever performed live -- and had surprised everyone by being quite a good singer. After graduation, Morrison and Manzarek had gone their separate ways, with Morrison saying he was moving to New York. But a few weeks later they'd encountered each other on the beach -- Morrison had decided to stay in LA, and had been staying with a friend, mostly sleeping on the friend's rooftop. He'd been taking so much LSD he'd forgotten to eat for weeks at a time, and had lost a great deal of weight, and Manzarek properly realised for the first time that his friend was actually good-looking. Morrison also told Manzarek that he'd been writing songs -- this was summer 1965, and the Byrds' version of "Mr. Tambourine Man", Dylan's "Like a Rolling Stone", and the Stones' "Satisfaction" had all shown him that there was potential for pop songs to have more interesting lyrical content than "Louie Louie". Manzarek asked him to sing some of the songs he'd been writing, and as Manzarek later put it "he began to sing, not in the booze voice he used at the Turkey Joint, but in a Chet Baker voice". The first song Morrison sang for Ray Manzarek was one of the songs that Rick and the Ravens would rehearse that first time with John Densmore, "Moonlight Drive": [Excerpt: Rick and the Ravens, "Moonlight Drive"] Manzarek invited Morrison to move in with him and his girlfriend. Manzarek seems to have thought of himself as a mentor, a father figure, for Morrison, though whether that's how Morrison thought of him is impossible to say. Manzarek, who had a habit of choosing the myth over the truth, would later claim that he had immediately decided that he and Morrison were going to be a duo and find a whole new set of musicians, but all the evidence points to him just inviting Morrison to join the Ravens as the singer Certainly the first recordings this group made, a series of demos, were under Rick and the Ravens' name, and paid for by Aura Records. They're all of songs written by Morrison, and seem to be sung by Morrison and Manzarek in close harmony throughout. But the demos did not impress the head of Liberty Records, which now owned Aura, and who saw no commercial potential in them, even in one that later became a number one hit when rerecorded a couple of years later: [Excerpt: Rick and the Ravens, "Hello I Love You"] Although to be fair, that song is clearly the work of a beginning songwriter, as Morrison has just taken the riff to "All Day and All of the Night" by the Kinks, and stuck new words to it: [Excerpt: The Kinks, "All Day and All of the Night"] But it seems to have been the lack of success of these demos that convinced Manzarek's brothers and Patricia Hansen to quit the band. According to Manzarek, his brothers were not interested in what they saw as Morrison's pretensions towards poetry, and didn't think this person who seemed shy and introverted in rehearsals but who they otherwise knew as a loud annoying drunk in the audience would make a good frontman. So Rick and the Ravens were down to just Jim Morrison, Ray Manzarek, and John Densmore, but they continued shopping their demos around, and after being turned down by almost everyone they were signed by Columbia Records, specifically by Billy James, who they liked because he'd written the liner notes to a Byrds album, comparing them to Coltrane, and Manzarek liked the idea of working with an A&R man who knew Coltrane's work, though he wasn't impressed by the Byrds themselves, later writing "The Byrds were country, they didn't have any black in them at all. They couldn't play jazz. Hell, they probably didn't even know anything about jazz. They were folk-rock, for cri-sake. Country music. For whites only." (Ray Manzarek was white). They didn't get an advance from Columbia, but they did get free equipment -- Columbia had just bought Vox, who made amplifiers and musical instruments, and Manzarek in particular was very pleased to have a Vox organ, the same kind that the Animals and the Dave Clark Five used. But they needed a guitarist and a bass player. Manzarek claimed in his autobiography that he was thinking along the lines of a four-piece group even before he met Densmore, and that his thoughts had been "Someone has to be Thumper and someone has to be Les Paul/Chuck Berry by way of Charlie Christian. The guitar player will be a rocker who knows jazz. And the drummer will be a jazzer who can rock. These were my prerequisites. This is what I had to have to make the music I heard in my head." But whatever Manzarek was thinking, there were only two people who auditioned for the role of the guitar player in this new version of the band, both of them friends of Densmore, and in fact two people who had been best friends since high school -- Bill Wolff and Robby Krieger. Wolff and Krieger had both gone to private boarding school -- they had both originally gone to normal state schools, but their parents had independently decided they were bad influences on each other and sent them away to boarding school to get away from each other, but accidentally sent them to the same school -- and had also learned guitar together. They had both loved a record of flamenco guitar called Dos Flamencos by Jaime Grifo and Nino Marvino: [Excerpt: Jaime Grifo and Nino Marvino, "Caracolés"] And they'd decided they were going to become the new Dos Flamencos. They'd also regularly sneaked out of school to go and see a jug band called Mother McCree's Uptown Jug Champions, a band which featured Bob Weir, who was also at their school, along with Jerry Garcia and Pigpen McKernan. Krieger was also a big fan of folk and blues music, especially bluesy folk-revivalists like Spider John Koerner, and was a massive fan of the Paul Butterfield Blues Band. Krieger and Densmore had known each other before Krieger had been transferred to boarding school, and had met back up at university, where they would hang out together and go to see Charles Mingus, Wes Montgomery, and other jazz musicians. At this time Krieger had still been a folk and blues purist, but then he went to see Chuck Berry live, mostly because Skip James and Big Mama Thornton were also on the bill, and he had a Damascene conversion -- the next day he went to a music shop and traded in his acoustic for a red Gibson, as close to the one Chuck Berry played as he could find. Wolff, Densmore, Krieger, and piano player Grant Johnson had formed a band called the Psychedelic Rangers, and when the Ravens were looking for a new guitarist, it was natural that they tried the two guitarists from Densmore's other band. Krieger had the advantage over Wolff for two reasons -- one of which was actually partly Wolff's doing. To quote Krieger's autobiography: "A critic once said I had 'the worst hair in rock 'n' roll'. It stung pretty bad, but I can't say they were wrong. I always battled with my naturally frizzy, kinky, Jewfro, so one day my friend Bill Wolff and I experimented with Ultra Sheen, a hair relaxer marketed mainly to Black consumers. The results were remarkable. Wolff, as we all called him, said 'You're starting to look like that jerk Bryan MacLean'". According to Krieger, his new hairdo made him better looking than Wolff, at least until the straightener wore off, and this was one of the two things that made the group choose him over Wolff, who was a better technical player. The other was that Krieger played with a bottleneck, which astonished the other members. If you're unfamiliar with bottleneck playing, it's a common technique in the blues. You tune your guitar to an open chord, and then use a resonant tube -- these days usually a specially-made metal slide that goes on your finger, but for older blues musicians often an actual neck of a bottle, broken off and filed down -- to slide across the strings. Slide guitar is one of the most important styles in blues, especially electric blues, and you can hear it in the playing of greats like Elmore James: [Excerpt: Elmore James, "Dust My Broom"] But while the members of the group all claimed to be blues fans -- Manzarek talks in his autobiography about going to see Muddy Waters in a club in the South Side of Chicago where he and his friends were the only white faces in the audience -- none of them had any idea what bottleneck playing was, and Manzarek was worried when Krieger pulled it out that he was going to use it as a weapon, that being the only association he had with bottle necks. But once Krieger played with it, they were all convinced he had to be their guitarist, and Morrison said he wanted that sound on everything. Krieger joining seems to have changed the dynamic of the band enormously. Both Morrison and Densmore would independently refer to Krieger as their best friend in the band -- Manzarek said that having a best friend was a childish idea and he didn't have one. But where before this had been Manzarek's band with Morrison as the singer, it quickly became a band centred around the creative collaboration between Krieger and Morrison. Krieger seems to have been too likeable for Manzarek to dislike him, and indeed seems to have been the peacemaker in the band on many occasions, but Manzarek soon grew to resent Densmore, seemingly as the closeness he had felt to Morrison started to diminish, especially after Morrison moved out of Manzarek's house, apparently because Manzarek was starting to remind him of his father. The group soon changed their name from the Ravens to one inspired by Morrison's reading. Aldous Huxley's book on psychedelic drugs had been titled The Doors of Perception, and that title had in turn come from a quote from The Marriage of Heaven and Hell by the great mystic poet and artist William Blake, who had written "If the doors of perception were cleansed every thing would appear to man as it is, Infinite. For man has closed himself up, till he sees all things thro' narrow chinks of his cavern" (Incidentally, in one of those weird coincidences that I like to note when they come up, Blake's Marriage of Heaven and Hell had also inspired the book The Great Divorce by C.S. Lewis, about the divorce of heaven and hell, and both Lewis and Huxley died on the same date, the twenty-second of November 1963, the same day John F. Kennedy died). Morrison decided that he wanted to rename the group The Doors, although none of the other group members were particularly keen on the idea -- Krieger said that he thought they should name the group Perception instead. Initially the group rehearsed only songs written by Morrison, along with a few cover versions. They worked up a version of Willie Dixon's "Back Door Man", originally recorded by Howlin' Wolf: [Excerpt: Howlin' Wolf, "Back Door Man"] And a version of "Alabama Song", a song written by Bertholt Brecht and Kurt Weill, from the opera The Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny, with English language lyrics by  Elisabeth Hauptmann. That song had originally been recorded by Lotte Lenya, and it was her version that the group based their version on, at the suggestion of Manzarek's girlfriend: [Excerpt: Lotte Lenya, "Alabama Song"] Though it's likely given their tastes in jazz that they were also aware of a recent recording of the song by Eric Dolphy and John Lewis: [Excerpt: Eric Dolphy and John Lewis, "Alabama Song"] But Morrison started to get a little dissatisfied with the fact that he was writing all the group's original material at this point, and he started to put pressure on the others to bring in songs. One of the first things they had agreed was that all band members would get equal credit and shares of the songwriting, so that nobody would have an incentive to push their own mediocre song at the expense of someone else's great one, but Morrison did want the others to start pulling their weight. As it would turn out, for the most part Manzarek and Densmore wouldn't bring in many song ideas, but Krieger would, and the first one he brought in would be the song that would make them into stars. The song Krieger brought in was one he called "Light My Fire", and at this point it only had one verse and a chorus. According to Manzarek, Densmore made fun of the song when it was initially brought in, saying "we're not a folk-rock band" and suggesting that Krieger might try selling it to the Mamas and the Papas, but the other band members liked it -- but it's important to remember here that Manzarek and Densmore had huge grudges against each other for most of their lives, and that Manzarek is not generally known as an entirely reliable narrator. Now, I'm going to talk a lot about the influences that have been acknowledged for this song, but before I do there's one that I haven't seen mentioned much but which seems to me to be very likely to have at least been a subconscious influence -- "She's Not There" by the Zombies: [Excerpt: The Zombies, "She's Not There"] Now, there are several similarities to note about the Zombies record. First, like the Doors, the Zombies were a keyboard-driven band. Second, there's the dynamics of the songs -- both have soft, slightly jazzy verses and then a more straight-ahead rock chorus. And finally there's the verse chord sequence. The verse for "She's Not There" goes from Am to D repeatedly: [demonstrates] While the verse for "Light My Fire" goes from Am to F sharp minor -- and for those who don't know, the notes in a D chord are D, F sharp, and A, while the notes in an F sharp minor chord are F sharp, A, and C sharp -- they're very similar chords. So "She's Not There" is: [demonstrates] While "Light My Fire" is: [demonstrates] At least, that's what Manzarek plays. According to Krieger, he played an Asus2 chord rather than an A minor chord, but Manzarek heard it as an A minor and played that instead. Now again, I've not seen anyone acknowledge "She's Not There" as an influence, but given the other influences that they do acknowledge, and the music that was generally in the air at the time, it would not surprise me even the smallest amount if it was. But either way, what Krieger brought in was a simple verse and chorus: [Excerpt: The Doors, "Light My Fire"] Incidentally, I've been talking about the song as having A minor chords, but you'll actually hear the song in two different keys during this episode, even though it's the same performance throughout, and sometimes it might not sound right to people familiar with a particular version of the record. The band played the song with the verse starting with A minor, and that's how the mono single mix was released, and I'll be using excerpts of that in general. But when the stereo version of the album was released, which had a longer instrumental break, the track was mastered about a semitone too slow, and that's what I'll be excerpting when talking about the solos -- and apparently that speed discrepancy has been fixed in more recent remasterings of the album than the one I'm using. So if you know the song and bits of what I play sound odd to you, that's why. Krieger didn't have a second verse, and so writing the second verse's lyrics was the next challenge. There was apparently some disagreement within the band about the lyrics that Morrison came up with, with their references to funeral pyres, but Morrison won the day, insisting that the song needed some darkness to go with the light of the first verse. Both verses would get repeated at the end of the song, in reverse order, rather than anyone writing a third or fourth verse. Morrison also changed the last line of the chorus -- in Krieger's original version, he'd sung "Come on baby, light my fire" three times, but Morrison changed the last line to "try to set the night on fire", which Krieger thought was a definite improvement. They then came up with an extended instrumental section for the band members to solo in. This was inspired by John Coltrane, though I have seen different people make different claims as to which particular Coltrane record it was inspired by. Many sources, including Krieger, say it was based on Coltrane's famous version of "My Favorite Things": [Excerpt: John Coltrane, "My Favorite Things"] But Manzarek in his autobiography says it was inspired by Ole, the track that Coltrane recorded with Eric Dolphy: [Excerpt: John Coltrane, "Ole"] Both are of course similar musical ideas, and either could have inspired the “Light My Fire” instrumental section, though none of the Doors are anything like as good or inventive on their instruments as Coltrane's group (and of course "Light My Fire" is in four-four rather than three-four): [Excerpt: The Doors, "Light My Fire"] So they had a basic verse-chorus song with a long instrumental jam session in the middle. Now comes the bit that there's some dispute over.  Both Ray Manzarek and Robby Krieger agree that Manzarek came up with the melody used in the intro, but differ wildly over who came up with the chord sequence for it and when, and how it was put into the song. According to Manzarek, he came up with the whole thing as an intro for the song at that first rehearsal of it, and instructed the other band members what to do. According to Krieger, though, the story is rather different, and the evidence seems to be weighted in Krieger's favour. In early live performances of the song, they started the song with the Am-F sharp minor shifts that were used in the verse itself, and continued doing this even after the song was recorded: [Excerpt: The Doors, "Light My Fire (live at the Matrix)"] But they needed a way to get back out of the solo section and into the third verse. To do this, Krieger came up with a sequence that starts with a change from G to D, then from D to F, before going into a circle of fifths -- not the ascending circle of fifths in songs like "Hey Joe", but a descending one, the same sequence as in "She Came in Through the Bathroom Window" or "I Will Survive", ending on an A flat: [demonstrates] To get from the A flat to the A minor or Asus2 chord on which the verse starts, he simply then shifted up a semitone from A flat to A major for two bars: [demonstrates] Over the top of that chord sequence that Krieger had come up with, Manzarek put a melody line which was inspired by one of Bach's two-part inventions. The one that's commonly cited is Invention No. 8 in F Major, BWV 779: [Excerpt: Glenn Gould, "Invention No. 8 in F Major, BWV 779"] Though I don't believe Manzarek has ever stated directly which piece he was inspired by other than that it was one of the two-part inventions, and to be honest none of them sound very much like what he plays to my ears, and I think more than anything he was just going for a generalised baroque style rather than anything more specific. And there are certainly stylistic things in there that are suggestive of the baroque -- the stepwise movement, the sort of skipping triplets, and so on: [Excerpt: The Doors, "Light My Fire"] But that was just to get out of the solo section and back into the verses. It was only when they finally took the song into the studio that Paul Rothchild, the producer who we will talk about more later, came up with the idea of giving the song more structure by both starting and ending with that sequence, and formalised it so that rather than just general noodling it was an integral part of the song. They now had at least one song that they thought had the potential to be a big hit. The problem was that they had not as yet played any gigs, and nor did they have a record deal, or a bass player. The lack of a record deal may sound surprising, but they were dropped by Columbia before ever recording for them. There are several different stories as to why. One biography I've read says that after they were signed, none of the label's staff producers wanted to work with them and so they were dropped -- though that goes against some of the other things I've read, which say that Terry Melcher was interested in producing them. Other sources say that Morrison went in for a meeting with some of the company executives while on acid, came out very pleased with himself at how well he'd talked to them because he'd been able to control their minds with his telepathic powers, and they were dropped shortly afterwards. And others say that they were dropped as part of a larger set of cutbacks the company was making, and that while Billy James fought to keep them at Columbia, he lost the fight. Either way, they were stuck without a deal, and without any proper gigs, though they started picking up the odd private party here and there -- Krieger's father was a wealthy aerospace engineer who did some work for Howard Hughes among others, and he got his son's group booked to play a set of jazz standards at a corporate event for Hughes, and they got a few more gigs of that nature, though the Hughes gig didn't exactly go well -- Manzarek was on acid, Krieger and Morrison were on speed, and the bass player they brought in for the gig managed to break two strings, something that would require an almost superhuman effort. That bass player didn't last long, and nor did the next -- they tried several, but found that the addition of a bass player made them sound less interesting, more like the Animals or the Rolling Stones than a group with their own character. But they needed something to hold down the low part, and it couldn't be Manzarek on the organ, as the Vox organ had a muddy sound when he tried to play too many notes at once. But that problem solved itself when they played one of their earliest gigs. There, Manzarek found that another band, who were regulars at the club, had left their Fender keyboard bass there, clipped to the top of the piano. Manzarek tried playing that, and found he could play basslines on that with his left hand and the main parts with his right hand. Krieger got his father to buy one for the group -- though Manzarek was upset that they bought the wrong colour -- and they were now able to perform without a bass player. Not only that, but it gave the group a distinctive sound quite unlike all the other bands. Manzarek couldn't play busy bass lines while also playing lead lines with his right hand, and so he ended up going for simple lines without a great deal of movement, which added to the hypnotic feel of the group's music – though on records they would often be supplemented by a session bass player to give them a fuller sound. While the group were still trying to get a record deal, they were also looking for regular gigs, and eventually they found one. The Sunset Strip was *the* place to be, and they wanted desperately to play one of the popular venues there like the Whisky A-Go-Go, but those venues only employed bands who already had record deals. They did, though, manage to get a residency at a tiny, unpopular, club on the strip called The London Fog, and they played there, often to only a handful of people, while slowly building in confidence as performers. At first, Morrison was so shy that Manzarek had to sing harmony with him throughout the sets, acting as joint frontman. Krieger later said "It's rarely talked about, but Ray was a natural born showman, and his knack for stirring drama would serve the Doors' legacy well in later years" But Morrison soon gained enough confidence to sing by himself. But they weren't bringing in any customers, and the London Fog told them that they were soon going to be dropped -- and the club itself shut not long after. But luckily for the group, just before the end of their booking, the booker for the Whisky A-Go-Go, Ronnie Haran walked in with a genuine pop star, Peter Asher, who as half of Peter & Gordon had had a hit with "A World Without Love", written by his sister's boyfriend, Paul McCartney: [Excerpt: Peter and Gordon, "A World Without Love"] Haran was impressed with the group, and they were impressed that she had brought in a real celebrity. She offered them a residency at the club, not as the headlining act -- that would always be a group that had records out -- but as the consistent support act for whichever big act they had booked. The group agreed -- after Morrison first tried to play it cool and told Haran they would have to consider it, to the consternation of his bandmates. They were thrilled, though, to discover that one of the first acts they supported at the Whisky would be Them, Van Morrison's group -- one of the cover versions they had been playing had been Them's "Gloria": [Excerpt: Them, "Gloria"] They supported Them for two weeks at the Whisky, and Jim Morrison watched Van Morrison intently. The two men had very similar personalities according to the other members of the Doors, and Morrison picked up a lot of his performing style from watching Van on stage every night. The last night Them played the venue, Morrison joined them on stage for an extended version of “Gloria” which everyone involved remembered as the highlight of their time there. Every major band on the LA scene played residencies at the Whisky, and over the summer of 1966 the Doors were the support act for the Mothers of Invention, the Byrds, the Turtles, the Buffalo Springfield, and Captain Beefheart and the Magic Band. This was a time when the Sunset Strip was the centre of Californian musical life, before that centre moved to San Francisco, and the Doors were right at the heart of it. Though it wasn't all great -- this was also the period when there were a series of riots around Sunset Strip, as immortalised in the American International Pictures film Riot on Sunset Strip, and its theme song, by the Standells: [Excerpt: The Standells, "Riot on Sunset Strip"] We'll look at those riots in more detail in a future episode, so I'll leave discussing them for now, but I just wanted to make sure they got mentioned. That Standells song, incidentally, was co-written by John Fleck, who under his old name of John Fleckenstein we saw last episode as the original bass player for Love. And it was Love who ensured that the Doors finally got the record deal they needed. The deal came at a perfect time for the Doors -- just like when they'd been picked up by the Whisky A Go-Go just as they were about to lose their job at the London Fog, so they got signed to a record deal just as they were about to lose their job at the Whisky. They lost that job because of a new song that Krieger and Morrison had written. "The End" had started out as Krieger's attempt at writing a raga in the style of Ravi Shankar, and he had brought it in to one of his increasingly frequent writing sessions with Morrison, where the two of them would work out songs without the rest of the band, and Morrison had added lyrics to it. Lyrics that were partly inspired by his own fraught relationship with his parents, and partly by Oedipus Rex: [Excerpt: The Doors, "The End"] And in the live performance, Morrison had finished that phrase with the appropriate four-letter Oedipal payoff, much to the dismay of the owners of the Whisky A Go Go, who had told the group they would no longer be performing there. But three days before that, the group had signed a deal with Elektra Records. Elektra had for a long time been a folk specialist label, but they had recently branched out into other music, first with the Paul Butterfield Blues Band, a favourite of Robby Krieger's, and then with their first real rock signing, Love. And Love were playing a residency at the Whisky A Go Go, and Arthur Lee had encouraged Jac Holzman, the label's owner, to come and check out their support band, who he thought were definitely worth signing. The first time Holzman saw them he was unimpressed -- they sounded to him just like a bunch of other white blues bands -- but he trusted Arthur Lee's judgement and came back a couple more times. The third time, they performed their version of "Alabama Song", and everything clicked into place for Holzman. He immediately signed the group to a three-album deal with an option to extend it to seven. The group were thrilled -- Elektra wasn't a major label like Columbia, but they were a label that nurtured artists and wouldn't just toss them aside. They were even happier when soon after they signed to Elektra, the label signed up a new head of West Coast A&R -- Billy James, the man who had signed them to Columbia, and who they knew would be in their corner. Jac Holzman also had the perfect producer for the group, though he needed a little persuading. Paul Rothchild had made his name as the producer for the first couple of albums by the Paul Butterfield Blues Band: [Excerpt: The Paul Butterfield Blues Band, "Mary Mary"] They were Robby Krieger's favourite group, so it made sense to have Rothchild on that level. And while Rothchild had mostly worked in New York, he was in LA that summer, working on the debut album by another Elektra signing, Tim Buckley. The musicians on Buckley's album were almost all part of the same LA scene that the Doors were part of -- other than Buckley's normal guitarist Lee Underwood there was keyboard player Van Dyke Parks, bass player Jim Fielder, who had had a brief stint in the Mothers of Invention and was about to join Buffalo Springfield, and drummer Billy Mundi, who was about to join the Mothers of Invention. And Buckley himself sang in a crooning voice extremely similar to that of Morrison, though Buckley had a much larger range: [Excerpt: Tim Buckley, "Aren't You the Girl?"] There was one problem, though -- Rothchild didn't want to do it. He wasn't at all impressed with the band at first, and he wanted to sign a different band, managed by Albert Grossman, instead. But Holzman persuaded him because Rothchild owed him a favour -- Rothchild had just spent several months in prison after a drug bust, and while he was inside Holzman had given his wife a job so she would have an income, and Holzman also did all the paperwork with Rothchild's parole officer to allow him to leave the state. So with great reluctance Rothchild took the job, though he soon came to appreciate the group's music. He didn't appreciate their second session though. The first day, they'd tried recording a version of "The End", but it hadn't worked, so on the second night they tried recording it again, but this time Morrison was on acid and behaving rather oddly. The final version of "The End" had to be cut together from two takes, and the reason is that at the point we heard earlier: [Excerpt: The Doors, "The End"] Morrison was whirling around, thrashing about, and knocked over a TV that the engineer, Bruce Botnick, had brought into the studio so he could watch the baseball game -- which Manzarek later exaggerated to Morrison throwing the TV through the plate glass window between the studio and the control room. According to everyone else, Morrison just knocked it over and they picked it up after the take finished and it still worked fine. But Morrison had taken a *lot* of acid, and on the way home after the session he became convinced that he had a psychic knowledge that the studio was on fire. He got his girlfriend to turn the car back around, drove back to the studio, climbed over the fence, saw the glowing red lightbulbs in the studio, became convinced that they were fires, and sprayed the entire place with the fire extinguisher, before leaving convinced he had saved the band's equipment -- and leaving telltale evidence as his boot got stuck in the fence on the way out and he just left it there. But despite that little hiccup, the sessions generally went well, and the group and label were pleased with the results. The first single released from the album, "Break on Through", didn't make the Hot One Hundred: [Excerpt: The Doors, "Break on Through"] But when the album came out in January 1967, Elektra put all its resources behind the album, and it started to get a bit of airplay as a result. In particular, one DJ on the new FM radio started playing "Light My Fire" -- at this time, FM had only just started, and while AM radio stuck to three-minute singles for the most part, FM stations would play a wider variety of music. Some of the AM DJs started telling Elektra that they would play the record, too, if it was the length of a normal single, and so Rothchild and Botnick went into the studio and edited the track down to half its previous seven-and-a-half-minute length. When the group were called in to hear the edit, they were initially quite excited to hear what kind of clever editing microsurgery had been done to bring the song down to the required length, but they were horrified when Rothchild actually played it for them. As far as the group were concerned, the heart of the song was the extended instrumental improvisation that took up the middle section: [Excerpt: The Doors, "Light My Fire"] On the album version, that lasted over three minutes. Rothchild and Botnick cut that section down to just this: [Excerpt: The Doors, "Light My Fire (single edit)"] The group were mortified -- what had been done to their song? That wasn't the sound of people trying to be McCoy Tyner and Elvin Jones, it was just... a pop song.  Rothchild explained that that was the point -- to get the song played on AM radio and get the group a hit. He pointed out how the Beatles records never had an instrumental section that lasted more than eight bars, and the group eventually talked them

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