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Some Black churches in the Bay Area are retrofitting themselves to become “resilience hubs” in the event of a major storm or climate-related event. It's part of a national movement called Green The Church, an organization merging the Black faith community and environmental justice. This episode first ran on Oct. 28, 2024 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Warning: This episode contains strong language and racial slurs.For decades, Black Americans formed the backbone of the Democratic Party, voting by overwhelming margins for Democratic candidates. While most Black voters are expected to cast their ballots for Kamala Harris, polls suggest that support for her might be softening, particularly among Black men.Sabrina Tavernise travels to Georgia, a key swing state, with two “Daily” producers, Lynsea Garrison and Sydney Harper, to speak with one family about their experiences through the decades.Guest: Sabrina Tavernise, co-host of “The Daily.”Lynsea Garrison, a producer on “The Daily.”Sydney Harper, a producer on “The Daily.”Background reading: Some Black voters have drifted from Democrats, imperiling Ms. Harris's bid, a poll showed.As Black voters appear to hesitate on their support, Democrats race to win them over.For more information on today's episode, visit nytimes.com/thedaily. Transcripts of each episode will be made available by the next workday.  Unlock full access to New York Times podcasts and explore everything from politics to pop culture. Subscribe today at nytimes.com/podcasts or on Apple Podcasts and Spotify.

Some Black leaders from the Chicago area are urging others to ditch Democrats and vote Republican. After Wednesday's GOP breakfast outside the Republican National Convention in Milwaukee Wednesday, Republican Cook County State's Attorney candidate Bob Fioretti made his case to the media that he will bring back law and order. Pastor David Lowery Jr., a pastor with Universal Baptist Church in Harvey, stood alongside Fioretti and said Black voters should join him in ditching the Democratic party.Support this podcast: https://secure.anedot.com/franklin-news-foundation/ce052532-b1e4-41c4-945c-d7ce2f52c38a?source_code=xxxxxx

Some Black voters don't want to vote for Biden or Trump, which is understandable. A third party may be an option; Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is an independent presidential candidate. We review the policy section of his website that targets Black Americans. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/phillipscottpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/phillipscottpodcast/support

Lee always knew that his father grew up during Jim Crow, but he never really understood what that meant as a child. In school he was taught that Jim Crow was all about segregation - separate but unequal. It wasn't until Lee started asking his dad more questions about Jim Crow as an adult, that he realized that it was much, much deeper than he could've ever imagined. In this episode, Lee sits down with Dr. Ruth Thompson-Miller, a professor at Vassar College and co-author of Jim Crow's Legacy, The Lasting Impact of Segregation. Together they detail the depths of terror that characterized the Jim Crow era and discuss why it's important to tell these stories.TranscriptLee Hawkins (host): We wanted to give a heads up that this episode includes talk of abuse and acts of violence. You can find resources on our website whathappenedinalabama.org. Listener discretion is advised. [music starts]Hi, this is Lee Hawkins, and we're about to dive into episode three of What Happened in Alabama. It's an important conversation about the intergenerational impact of Jim Crow, how it affected the way my family raised me, and why it matters today. But you'll get a whole lot more out of it if you go back and listen to the prologue first – that'll give you some context for putting the whole series in perspective. Do that, and then join us back here. Thank you so much. [musical transition] Jim Crow survivor. This isn't a common term, but it's what I use to describe my father and family members who grew up during this time in American history.Jim Crow was a system of laws that legalized racial segregation and discrimination through state and local legislation – mostly in the South – for close to a hundred years. After slavery – from 1877 until 1965 – Black people living under Jim Crow continued to be marginalized, even though they were “free.” Housing, education, and access to everything from healthcare to public parks was all separate, and definitely not equal. This history affected how my father was raised, how his siblings were raised, and – even though I wasn't born during Jim Crow – how I was raised.The fact is, there are millions of Black Americans alive today – 60 years or older – who survived Jim Crow and were never defined as a group, acknowledged, or even compensated for their experiences. Instead, Jim Crow survivors are sandwiched between the anger around slavery, and the glimmers of hope from the Civil Rights Movement. It's a time that's talked about in shorthand. We're taught that the worst of it was separate drinking fountains and bathrooms, and sitting in the back of the bus. But this wasn't the extent of what my father, my family, and countless others went through. Not even close. So that's what we tackle in this episode. The lasting legacy of Jim Crow.Seven years ago, when I was on the phone with my dad, he told me a story about his childhood in Alabama during Jim Crow.Lee Sr.: Yeah, me and my sister, me and my, uh, cousin be walking to school, and this one little, little ass boy, we knew we could kick his ass, but he'd come over every day and we'd be going one way and he'd be passing us. He'd run into one of us and just push us, just bump us. And we, we couldn't do nothing, man. We were scared, you know? We, you know, we could kick his ass, but we would have had to pay the price. Lee: So what could happen if you would have beat his ass?Lee Sr.: Oh, they probably would have hung our asses, man, or anything. See, it wouldn't have been no kid getting in fights, it would have been these niggas touched this white boy. That was always there, Lee. [music starts]My dad was 10 years old when this happened. Only a decade into his life and he already knew what he had to do to stay alive: stay in his place. This was his reality growing up under Jim Crow.Dad grew up in Greenville, Alabama, a small town of a few thousand people, just about an hour south of Montgomery. His father worked at the railroad and the sawmill, and his mother was a homemaker. They were part of a strong Black community with businesses and churches. And while separate, they interacted with white neighbors in an uneasy existence. But despite all this, Dad was constantly on edge.Lee Sr.: The white folks that, you know, we literally came in contact with in the neighborhood, my dad used to go over and help them cut trees and mow lawns and stuff like that. Of course, when you went downtown, that's a different story because, you know, you had to give them the right of way, you know. Lee: So what did that mean?Lee Sr.: That mean if a white person's coming down the street, you gotta kinda stay over to, out of their way. Don't get close to them. Try not to, you know. Same with the cops, you know, if they on the street, you just walk by them, that's easy, you know what I mean? It was, it was that sensitive, you know. Sensitive. I always marveled at Dad's word choice.This sensitivity manifested as fear for his mom, my Grandma Opie Pugh Hawkins. And she passed that fear down to my dad. My relatives described her as a nervous, jittery woman who used to grind her teeth and drink Coca Cola by the eight pack to keep going every day. She taught my father not to trust white people and to be very cautious with them. One of his most vivid childhood memories is from a trip to a local department store with Grandma Opie.The trip was supposed to be uneventful, just another day shopping for household necessities, people laughing and having conversations as they shop for deals. Lee Sr.: And they had water fountains in the store, one over there for the whites, and one over here for the Blacks. And I, I didn't care. I didn't know the difference. I went and drunk out of the white one. Now you might think you know where this is headed. A little Black boy drinks from the wrong fountain, and all hell breaks loose. But that's not what happened. No one even noticed. But all hell did break loose.Lee Sr.: My mom just went crazy, man. To protect me, she went crazy, because you couldn't miss me over there drinking. So instead of having them come hang me, she did, you know, went into her act, you know. [music starts]Grandma Opie unleashed a wrath dad had never seen before – he was four or five years old at the time. Boy, she yelled, swatting him repeatedly on his butt, “I told you not to go near that fountain. That's for the white folks.” This show was a protective instinct.Grandma Opie only beat Dad a few times as a kid, and every time she did it, it was in public to keep him in line with the rules he was still too young to know or understand. But things were different at home. Grandma Opie and her husband, my grandfather Papa Lum, they never laid a hand on Dad there.He was the baby of the family, showered with love. Grandma Opie had him when she was 43, and by then she and Papa Lum were past their whooping years. He was Grandma's miracle baby and constant shadow. He even slept in the bed next to her.Lee Sr.: I never told anybody that, but I did, yeah. That's what I did, I was in the middle. I only had a little while with her being healthy.When he was about six years old, Grandma Opie fell sick with kidney disease. She made several visits to the doctor, and dad would wait at home patiently for her after each one. Lee Sr.: We used to get on our knees every night, every night and every morning, but especially at night. And when my mom was sick, I could hear her praying to God, you know.Over the years, her health worsened, until eventually, when my dad was around 12, she was confined to bed rest. Shortly after that, family members began visiting from as far as California to pay their respects. Lee Sr.: She had talked to me a lot before she died.Lee: And what were some of the lessons? Lee Sr.: Oh, she's just telling me, ‘I ain't gonna be here much longer.' You know? And I, it was hard for me to get that in my head. I couldn't even, I denied that shit all the way, you know? But she was telling me that I'm gonna have to grow up faster than I really was supposed to. You know, ‘You're gonna have to try and get along,' and, you know, ‘Listen to your older sisters and brother.' She died telling them to take care of me. That's what happened there. Only a few years ago did I learn the full story behind Grandma Opie's declining health and passing. The main medical facility in Greenville at the time was LV Stabler Memorial Hospital.It was a segregated hospital, meaning in this case that the same white doctors and nurses treated everyone, but in separate facilities. White folks received their care in a state of the art building. Black folks could only be seen across the street in a little white house with just 12 hospital beds.This is where Grandma Opie was treated. The last time she visited that hospital, they wouldn't admit her and sent her home. Instead, a few hours after she was turned away, the doctor came for a house visit. He told the whole family, “I'm going to give her this shot, and if it doesn't work, there's nothing more I can do.”He administered the shot, packed his supplies, and left. No one knows what was in the shot, or what it was supposed to do. Grandma Opie died of kidney failure at the age of 56. This happened in 1961. At the time, life expectancy for black people was 64. For white Americans, it was 71. A whole seven more years of life.Lee Sr.: You know, that was a real devastating thing for me when I lost my mommy. I just can't even, you know, I, shit, I couldn't, uh, I couldn't make it through that man, you know, 'cause I fell asleep during the funeral, and that was just like, trying to just get it out of my mind, you know? Big sleep came on me, man, and by the time it was over, then I was waking up, you know. In the nights following Grandma's funeral, Dad stayed haunted.Lee Sr.: For a whole week or so, I was having nightmares like a motherfucker. That's one thing. I was going crazy.Grandma Opie's dying wish was that her youngest children be moved out of Alabama to Minnesota to live with one of her oldest daughters, my dad's sister. Aunt Corrine and her husband LC were in their early thirties when Grandma Opie died and had moved to Minnesota years before.Aunt Corrine honored Grandma Opie's request. Just two days after Grandma Opie's funeral, Dad and two of his sisters were packed into the back of Aunt Corrine and Uncle LC's Ford Fairlane headed up the interstate to start a new life.I never had the honor of meeting my grandmother Opie, but I thank God for her. She had a strong spiritual intuition. One of my aunts called her “the holiest woman I've ever known.” She had a divine foresight that told her she needed to get her babies out of Alabama. Lee Sr.: When I left Alabama something came out of me man, a big ass relief. And I didn't even know where I was going, but it was a big ass, just, man, like a breath of fresh air, man.[music starts]In trying to understand my dad and how he raised us, yes, with love and with care, but also with fear that manifested as belt whipping, I turned to research. I traced this violence centuries back in my own family. I learned that Grandma Opie's father was murdered when she was just nine years old. She went outside to see his bullet-riddled body slumped over his mule, with his feet still in the stirrups. And my grandfather – Papa Lum – his dad was also murdered, when he was just five. Both of them were killed by white men who were never brought to justice. This is what Jim Crow means to me: violence and fear.To connect the dots between my ancestors' experiences and my own, I read dozens of books and talked to experts, like Dr. Ruth Thompson-Miller. She's a professor at Vassar College and co-author of Jim Crow's Legacy: The Lasting Impact of Segregation. She spoke with almost 100 Jim Crow survivors as part of her research, and coined the term “Segregation Stress Syndrome.” This refers to the chronic, painful responses to the individual and collective trauma that Jim Crow survivors endured. Over the course of my research we talked a number of times, but I started by asking Dr. Thompson-Miller why she took on this area of study.Dr. Thompson-Miller: I went to, um, the University of Florida to get my bachelor's degree in anthropology. And I had this interesting experience. I took a class with this older white gentleman called Dr. Fagan who, I have to say, Dr. Fagan literally did save my life. And so he had said to me that he wanted me to try to talk to people who lived through Jim Crow.I only knew minimal stuff about it. I mean the history that you learn in school. And so I was naively going out there to ask folks, “How did you cope?,” I mean, “How did you get through the day to day with everything being separated?” And I gotta tell you, what I learned from those folks who were willing to share with me, even through their own pain, was something that has changed my life forever.Lee: I'd like you to kind of get in deeper into telling us about the research that you did. What kinds of people did you talk to? Who were they?Dr. Thompson-Miller: Um, well, I interviewed nearly a hundred folks and most of the African Americans that I interviewed were women, um, in their, you know, sixties and seventies, eighties, nineties. Some were educated. Um, some were just domestic workers. So they ranged from, uh, you know, different, uh, socioeconomic statuses. And it took a few interviews before I started getting troubled, like I knew I was looking at something, but I was missing something. And then it hit me one day. I was interviewing this woman in her house. It was the middle of the day, it had to be noon, it was, it was very sunny. And I walked in the house and it was so dark I couldn't even see my, my tape recorder and my pad and stuff. And they had the drapes and everything was really closed up. And so, um, she didn't want to be tape recorded, this woman, she must have been in her seventies, I believe. And I had to constantly reassure her that nobody would know that it was her that was talking to me.Because people were still afraid, people are still afraid, right? So she told me, this incident that happened to her. I think she was elementary school age. She said that one day she went with her mother to work. Her mother was a domestic worker and she had washed this white man's, you know, shirt, and there was a spot on the shirt that she had missed and she talked about how, you know, he was yelling and screaming at her mother, how afraid she was for her mother. And, um, there wasn't anything that she could do. And her mother was apologizing and begging him to forgive her. And, and my God, and she starts crying. And it hit me what I was looking at.I was looking at people that were suffering from trauma that's never been addressed. This happened over 70 years ago and she's still emotionally responded to it. And I said to her, “Listen, we can stop. I'm really sorry that this happened to you.” And she said to me, she said, “No, I don't want to stop. I want people to know what I went through.” [music starts]And what these folks really told me was that they never shared things with their children. They kept it all to themselves. Why? Because they really wanted to protect their children. They didn't want their children to be angry. They didn't want them to, you know, to react to whites in a particular way because they knew, as their parents, what these children might experience and they didn't want that for them. And they thought that it would help them to be, for lack of a better word, to live a like normal childhood if they didn't understand what came along with living under this extreme system of oppression.Lee: I want to interject here because I think that that's a really profound contradiction that you've pointed out. And that's the one thing, is that so many of our elders wanted to protect us by not telling us the stories. And that's almost like a coddling thing. But then on the other side, we're we're going to whip them to protect them. And somehow something gets turned off in the brain that makes people think that the best way to go about this is to whip them.Dr. Thompson-Miller: Oh, my goodness. Absolutely. I mean, listen, I got, I got whipped. You know, my father was always the one that, you know, did it. But I think he felt like he was protecting us because he got whipped really badly by his father and by his stepfather. So this is the way that you're socialized. And you don't even know where this stuff comes from, but it absolutely comes from that connection. There's hundreds and hundreds of years of history that has gotten us here where we are, the way that we are. This theme of protection surfaced many times in my conversations with Dr. Ruth Thompson-Miller. It wasn't just protection through punishment. It was also about shielding some children from the truth of the atrocities they endured – and the fractures it caused in the Black family dynamic. Dr. Thompson-Miller: There was a, um, a man, uh, that I interviewed, and he told me about kitchen babies. They called them kitchen babies. I said, “Kitchen babies, what is that?” He said, ‘Those are the babies that black women had when they were raped by the person who came to your house to maybe bring ice.' Or, you know, these traveling salesmen would rape women and they would get pregnant and they would call them kitchen babies.One woman told me about a particular case in her family where she said her mother and her grandmother, she said, would have gone to their graves with this information, but she had a cousin that told her about a member of their family, a woman who was working, doing domestic work, like, you know, cleaning this woman's house who happened to be the town prostitute.And so there was this white guy pretty well known in the community who visited this prostitute, a white woman prostitute. And so one day the man came over and the woman was gone. And so he raped the girl. And so she never told anybody what happened to her. She didn't run home and tell her family that he had raped her. But then she got pregnant. And she explained to her family what happened, that this man had raped her. So they were going to go see the man. And the family told her father, you have to send her out of town. You can't say anything to him. Send her out of town. Send her away, let her have the baby, and don't mention it.And this woman told me that this happened to a lot of women during Jim Crow. And it wasn't women, these were girls, right. And a lot of families kept this stuff a secret, to the point where you had this term called “kitchen babies,” where you have men who, some men would stay even after, um, their wife uh, had a child that was biracial. Um, but a number of men left. And you know, this is something that has always bothered me. This notion of protecting. Protecting the women, the girls in your family. And when that almost seems impossible, I think there's a certain amount of shame in, you know, humiliation. Because, I mean, one thing that most men are socialized to do is to protect. And when you can't even protect your own, what do you do with that?It's hard to comprehend. Some Black men could not always protect their wives and children in their own homes. And out in the world, they were scapegoats. Can you explain more?Dr. Thompson-Miller: I saw an example, and I mean and I had people tell me about lynchings, how, you know, like young men, and I'm sure some of this went on if, you know, a young white woman was fooling around with black guys or flirting or whatever and she got caught, she would say that they raped her. And one woman said, ‘I remember they went in a home, and they took these boys out – they were just boys – out in the middle of the night, and they lynched them.' And you know, it always reminds me of Emmett Till, and they focus on Emmett Till, but that happened everywhere.It's really frightening, you know, and I don't think we'll ever know the number of people that have been lynched in this country. They say it's thousands, but, you know, there's so many books about it, but we'll never know how many people really got lynched. That's what I believe. The number's a lot higher than we really know about. For me, one of the most eye-opening experiences of my life was sitting at the Legacy Sites in Montgomery as part of my research. One is a memorial that honors thousands of Black people who were lynched or murdered between 1877 and 1950. Their names are on more than 800 columns. To see that little children – four year olds, six year olds – were even lynched, and they all left families behind.The museum presented story after story of Black people being killed without any evidence or even a trial, or trials by all-white juries. Many were lynched for things like not stepping off the sidewalk for a white person to pass, talking too confidently to white people, for owning land, and for attempting to vote.And as I passed the rows and rows of names, I thought: if neither of my murdered great-grandfathers' names were on those memorials, how many other thousands of Black people were killed, whose names and stories will never make it into a museum, or be kept secret from future generations by their own families? Throughout our conversations Dr. Thompson-Miller shared example after example after example of the horrors of Jim Crow, resulting in what she calls, “Segregation Stress Syndrome.”Dr. Thompson-Miller: You know, the interesting thing about Segregation Stress Syndrome and how I came up with it was, I just looked at the post traumatic stress literature initially. I looked at the fact that like when you're in war, that's an event that happens. So you may be in war for a couple of years and then you come home and you get help and you're out of that situation, but for Black folks, you never get out. And so you went from slavery to Jim Crow, you might not have been in chains, but during Jim Crow, it wasn't much better. Yeah, you were able to have some stuff, but it could have been taken away from you at any given moment, and everybody knew that.And so it's this collective experience that people are having at the same time with, with no way, uh, and no recourse when bad things happen to you. So you just have to hold it in, you know, you have to eat your anger. And so that trauma, that collective trauma, keeps happening over and over again. And in every day that you live, you're running into something and it manifests itself in different ways. First of all, you pass it on onto your children, you know, you pass the trauma on. And I suspect that, you know, folks telling me their stories, I didn't realize they were passing it on to me, you know, and with Segregation Stress Syndrome, it's not just, you know, these traumatic experiences. It's this institutional betrayal. So institutions, you know, the judicial system, the medical system, you know, the educational system, they're supposed to be there, uh, for everybody, but unfortunately, when things happened to Black folks, they had nowhere to go. These institutions that were supposed to be there, equal justice under the law, that didn't mean that for them, so now you have this second class citizenship where everything that you believe about, you know, America, it really kind of gets thrown out the window.Lee: In our last interview and in previous conversations, we talked about your trip to South Africa. Dr. Thompson-Miller: Yes. Lee: And you interviewed people and they lived through apartheid. And it started to occur to you that that's what Black people went through in America. Dr. Thompson-Miller: Yes. Lee: What do you think about the use of the term apartheid in reference to Jim Crow? Dr. Thompson-Miller: I mean, I think you have to use it. You can't honestly say that Emmett Till was killed. He was viciously and violently tortured and murdered by people just because he was Black. And if you're uncomfortable with the term apartheid, well, to be honest with you, white South African, they actually were inspired by the system of Jim Crow in this country, which is where they got their system of apartheid. I remember being a kid in the 1980s and participating in marches against South African apartheid. What I didn't know is that this system – and also Hitler's regime – was modeled on Jim Crow. The dictionary defines apartheid as a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race. This definition is applied specifically to South Africa in the Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam Webster, but just as easily could have been said about what Dad lived through in Alabama. Lee: What do you want people to understand about Jim Crow that they don't know already? You know, um, it's important for us, you know, we just talked a lot about the experience of living under it and the impact on families and communities, but if you really were to look back over the years and to feel like there's something more that you want to drive home, that you, the most important thing that people need to know about Jim Crow and Segregation Syndrome and everything that undergirds that, what would it be?Dr. Thompson-Miller: This is really hard because, you know, I think it, it brings me back to thinking about my father, and I just think it's really important to forgive people for not being honest, um, for hiding stuff that they thought that would be better for you if they did hide it, um, for not fighting back, um, because there's got to be something in particular about people who did fight, who did protest, who did get beaten, who got bitten, and who had water hoses on them that made them do something different.I'd like to know what that was so we can get it in more people, um, and not be, you know, these passive people that just have this stuff happening to them. So I think I, I would like to, to look at that and, um, just try to figure out a way to get people to heal.Lee: Which kind of leads me into that next question and that final question, why do you think this research is still important? Why is it so important that we do this now? I just added my piece that I believe that not just white Americans, but Black, Black people, Black descendants of slavery and Jim Crow, but also our brothers and sisters who are immigrants need to know this history.Dr. Thompson-Miller: So unless you really understand where we've been, and I mean it's an, it's an old cliche, you don't know, you know, if you don't know where you're, you're going, you know, it could happen again or however they say it, but that is actually true, you know, and I think that, in, in order to, to ensure and to help people understand why they do the stuff that they do.I just want Black folks to really start valuing themselves more. Because what you are saying is like, we value everybody else and want to help everybody else, but we're the last one in line to get valued, even, even by our own people and even by ourselves. And I think that's something that's been, you know, pushed into us from inception.And, um, people need to talk to their families, um, while you still can. That's all I say. Everybody go interview your grandma, your grandpa, or your auntie, or your uncle who's of age and who lived through Jim Crow, and hear what they went through, and you'll look at them differently, I promise you – in a better way, in a more respectful way, than you do now. That's my advice. Lee: And that's a wonderful way to end, you know, in the words of Alex Haley, regardless of the opinions that people may have of him, there was one thing that he said that always resonates with me with this work: when an elder dies, it's like a library burned down, and once it's gone, it's gone.Dr. Thompson-Miller: Yes. Lee: Sister, thank you. Dr. Thompson-Miller: Exactly. Lee: God bless you. I love you. Dr. Thompson-Miller: Oh, thank you so much. God bless you, too. Love you, too. Be well now. Lee: Okay. Dr. Thompson-Miller: Okay. Bye bye. I don't know if Dr. Thompson-Miller truly understands how grateful I am to her for venturing into this rare area of study around the effects of Jim Crow. It helps me validate my previous understanding that my work and my family's experiences are not an isolated experience.And it made me feel for my father's parents. Who wouldn't be impacted by having their father murdered as a child? When a family member is murdered, so much attention at the time is put on mourning the person in the casket, but what about the health and well-being of the people surrounding the casket – especially the children – who have to find a way to keep going, carrying all that pain? And then, my father's father was murdered as well.They did a lot of praying – which in our family, is often seen as enough – but my professional training and experience makes me realize that, on top of faith, therapy, self-care, and other strategies can help. Otherwise we can't really call this post traumatic stress, because the “post” implies that it actually ended. In my father's case, he was a middle-aged man before he could even talk in-depth about any of this.I hope that people whose families have been through any kind of government imposed atrocities and/or apartheid – Jim Crow, the Holocaust, Japanese internment, any kind of apartheid or political persecution, anywhere in the world – can give themselves permission to investigate these atrocities and how they truly impacted their families. I hope they can work on finding solutions together, as families. My conversation with Dr. Thompson-Miller also helped me truly understand why my father and some of my elders were so captivated with the discoveries I made about our family history. With each passing year, they became more eager to share their memories with a sense of urgency.Here's me and my dad talking with his sister, my beloved Aunt Toopie. Lee: You know, it's important because when y'all are gone, it's over. These future generations – Lee Sr.: Yeah, that's true.Lee: They're not gonna be interested in it. And when, when they get old enough to be interested in it, it's gonna be gone. Aunt Toopie: That's right. Lee: All the people who know are gonna be gone. So as a journalist –Aunt Toopie: That's right. Lee Sr.: Yeah, and it's gonna be more important even then than it is now.Aunt Toopie: That's right.Lee: Right. And I feel like I use all, I'm using all my journalism for other people's stories, so I feel like I need to, um, use it for my family story. Listening to our discussions about how important sharing family history is, it chokes me up a bit, especially now. Dad and Aunt Toopie are no longer with us. When I ventured into my family's history as landowners and settlers and how much of the blood of my ancestors was spilled just on the basis of their desire to buy land and live out the American dream, I got an even deeper understanding of how and why Jim Crow was so deadly. That's on the next What Happened In Alabama.[closing music]CREDITSWhat Happened in Alabama is a production of American Public Media. It's written, produced, and hosted by me, Lee Hawkins.Our executive producer is Erica Kraus. Our senior producer is Kyana Moghadam.Our story editor is Martina Abrahams Ilunga. Our producers are Marcel Malekebu and Jessica Kariisa. This episode was sound designed by Marcel Malekebu. Our technical director is Derek Ramirez. Our soundtrack was composed by Ronen Landa. Our fact checker is Erika Janik.And Nick Ryan is our director of operations.Special thanks to the O'Brien Fellowship for Public Service Journalism at Marquette University; Dave Umhoefer, John Leuzzi, Andrew Amouzou, and Ziyang Fu; and also thank you to our producer in Alabama, Cody Short. The executives in charge at APM are Joanne Griffith and Chandra Kavati.You can follow us on our website, whathappenedinalabama.org or on Instagram at APM Studios.Thank you for listening.

Some Black soap fans are tired of the state of black characters on Daytime Soaps! 

Former REPUBLICAN US Senate candidate KELVIN KING and his wife, JANELLE KING, conservative panelist on Fox 5's Georgia Gang drop by to answer questions about why they are BLACK REPUBLICANS. Some Black people consider BLACK REPUBLICANS to be RACE TRAITORS, whereas many BLACK REPUBLICANS think the REPUBLICAN party is a better choice for the AFRICAN AMERICAN community. Were they ever DEMOCRATIC VOTERS?  As BLACK REPUBLICANS which PRESIDENTIAL campaign are they more excited about Senator TIM SCOTT'S or former PRESIDENT DONALD TRUMP'S? MENTAL DIALOGUE asking the questions America's afraid to ask. ALL I ASK IS THAT YOU THINK --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/montoya-smith/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/montoya-smith/support

Some Black doulas and midwives in the region are seeing more requests for help. Birth workers say Black women seek out their services because many have dealt with medical abuse or discrimination.

Martin's dream from 1963. And Kendrick's dream from 2012 in his song Backseat Freestyle. The song makes you think about Martin's dream through the lens of Kendrick Lamar. Both dreams talk about equal access to power. And in the Black community it's always been a great divide on how to access power. Some Black people follow the vision and direction of MLK: “new laws, love, determination, and community…” It's a collective change. But on the flip side, some Black people follow the dream of Kendrick: “acquiring as much money, and material things which is power in the U.S. It's an individual change. They both clearly have a different approach, style and swag. BUT is either perspective wrong? Is Kendrick simply stating what America truly values as power? Is Dr King's dream attainable? or something to one day live for? Do we NEED both perspectives? Outside of the song and speech are these men the same? OR when we place both dreams next to each other do we see the hypocrisy and contradictions of America. Example of Kendrick's Dream 2012 | Backseat Freestyle Example of MLK's Dream 1963 | I Have a Dream | listen to dream at 1:55 to 4:14 Film Director, Justin Polk Fine Arts Professor/Actor, Damian Lewis Creative Director, Tahirah Edwards-Byfield Producer, Sydni Chustz Creator & D.J., Xolisa Tshomela Author, Thought Leader, Strategist & Creator of Courageous Conversation®, Glenn Singleton Scholar, Professor & Chair of the Clive Davis Institute, Jason King Professor, Counselor & Contributor Writer for Forbes, Dr Maia Hoskins Show produced by: Deutsch LA Sound Engineer: Cayce Sylvester Producer: Reonna Johnson --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/threes-a-crowd/support

Phillip Scott reports on Lynette Hardaway aka Diamond unexpectedly passed away earlier this week. Some Black folks were celebrating this news but I can't agree with that at all. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/psae/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/psae/support

Clarence Thomas Hates Black People And Think He Is White? Some Black people actually belive that.. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/virtual-hustle-radio/support

In ep51, Ahki & Sunny delve deeper into the anti-colonial divide in Black politics. Some Black radicals reject the notion that we are colonized, while others describe Black america as an "oppressed nation within a nation". In the first section of the show, the duo update listeners on recent news concerning the anti-imperalist organizing of the Black Alliance for Peace who are protesting the US Summit of Americas conference going on this week and encouraging other countries to do the same. This is a packed episode, so check it out and share with friends!

Black folks are often told homeownership and real estate are the royal road to wealth creation and stability. Government policies like the mortgage interest tax deduction are held up a "hidden secret" white people use to game the systems. Some Black people hold homeownership as "beating 'them' at their own game" and using the "masters tools " to gain power. However, a new book raises questions as the whether this is actually the case. We anaylize "The Whiteness of Wealth" by Dorothy A. Brown - which argues homeownership fails to fulfill its promise to stabilize Black communities and build wealth for Black families. We'll be speaking on: gentrification, the dangers of increased property tax bills, complicating narratives of housing price appreciation as inherently good and concrete steps communities can take to address housing needs in their community without uncritically accepting "Buy the Block" mythology. Support the show

When is a woman responsible for the actions of a man? When he cheats? If he decides to walk up on stage and slap a man over a supposed slight? If you didn't know, Chris Rock made a lame joke about Jada's hair or lack thereof. Will Smith appeared to laugh. Jada did not. Without warning, Will walked up on stage and slapped Chris Rock. People in the audience laughed. Jada laughed as well. The supposition is this incident was an unscripted joke until it wasn't. Suddenly, a shocked audience dug up a two-year-old Red Table Talk starring Will, Jada, and infidelity. And now, the reason Will lost all his mind was because of Jada. Jada made him do it. Somehow she was responsible for his lack of control. She was responsible for his narcissism. With a slap heard worldwide, Will Smith lost all agency for his behavior. Some Black women applaud Will Smith's overreaction. They say he was defending his woman. Was he, though? How did Will's slapping of Chris Rock honor Jada? She didn't like a lame dud of a joke. So... Will behaving like an asshole was not chivalrous. It was an egotistical action that did nothing but drag Jada through the mud. These are my thoughts. What are yours? Let's talk on Twitter@The Black Iye Podcast@Mhb1070 On Instagram@The Black Iye Podcast@mhigh1029 https://anchor.fm/michele-high-bailey/message Leave a message at the link above. Consider leaving a review. As always, Thank you for listening Be Blessed --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/michele-high-bailey/message

This picture of Dr James Goldie has him with multi-coloured hair, but it always seems to be changing and I even saw one picture of him with green hair. Dr Goldie is from Monash University's Climate Change Communication Research Hub. The Australia Institute has many fascinating webinars and an equal number of fascinating guests and the latest, from Wednesday, March 23, was Chris Barrie: "A Climate for Leadership: how Australia should respond to increasing disasters". Other Quick Climate Links for today are: "We need to talk about these floods | with Sue Higginson"; "SEC Proposes Landmark Rule Requiring Companies to Tell Investors of Risks Posed by Climate Change"; "Huge cost blowout causes some farmers to withdraw support for new Queensland dam"; "Seymour Alternative Farming Expo"; "Farmers for Climate Action"; "The Australia China Business Council invites you to the Australia-China Agribusiness Summit"; "Donate to create marine parks for our wildlife"; "Shell U-turn on Cambo oilfield would threaten green targets, say campaigners"; "Why we need to get back to thinking of co-operative and mutual enterprise as a social business"; "Mutuals see greater role in disaster resilience"; "Tornado Cuts Destructive Path Through New Orleans as Storms Threaten South"; "The Wentworth Project: polling shows voters prefer Albanese for PM, and put climate issue first in ‘teal' battle"; "Saving the Great Barrier Reef: these recent research breakthroughs give us renewed hope for its survival"; "Thinking of swerving high fuel prices with an e-scooter or e-bike? 5 crucial questions answered"; "If the UN wants to slash plastic waste, it must tackle soaring plastic production - and why we use so much of it"; "Insider blows whistle on Australia's greenhouse gas reduction schemes"; "Morrison government committed $5.9bn for dams without advice from water infrastructure board"; "UN mission must see coral bleaching to get ‘whole picture' of Great Barrier Reef, experts say"; "Dropping seeds by drone, Telstra starts carbon farming to offset its emissions"; "There is something acting a lot like a carbon price in our economy and it is called risk"; "The global system for rating companies' ethical credentials is meaningless"; "France's TotalEnergies 'unable to end' Russian gas purchases"; "Opinion: Why Food Production Is Critical to Climate Change"; "River: Australian documentary narrated by Willem Dafoe highlights the importance and precarity of rivers worldwide"; "For a successful green transition, a data-driven culture is vital"; "Pilbara rock art custodians want WA government, Woodside to hit pause on Burrup projects"; "Leave the car keys at home. We need to get back on public transport"; "Can wind and solar power replace coal in Texas?"; "The remote Shetland Islands are a surprising leader in the race to net-zero"; "Hurricane Michael Hit the Florida Panhandle in 2018 With 155 MPH Winds. Some Black and Low-Income Neighborhoods Still Haven't Recovered"; "In almost every state, over half of all women of color earn less than a living wage"; "How Europe Got Hooked on Russian Gas Despite Reagan's Warnings"; "Spain mulls price cap for gas plants to bring down power bills"; "Activists protest tanker as Russian oil imports flow into US ahead of ban"; "Span raises $90M to make smart panels the gateway to home electrification"; "Why ​‘maladaptation' is getting so much attention"; "We need to talk about how we talk about natural gas"; "Insider blows whistle on Australia's greenhouse gas reduction schemes"; "‘We need support': Councils beg federal government for stronger climate action"; ""Everyone disagrees with him”: Turnbull takes aim at Angus Taylor"; "UN chief calls for extreme weather warning systems for everyone on Earth"; "Inside Dan Ilic's latest plan to take on fossil fuel-funded candidates at the election"; "Kids born in 2020 may live through about 7 times as many heat waves as their grandparents"; "12 books on climate, conflict, and oil"; "Reef bleaches again as new report shows Australia to “blow emissions budget by double”"; "Chile approves the Rights of Nature"; "Fossil Free Research is a new campaign to end the toxic influence of fossil fuel money on climate change-related research"; "Climate change is ‘going to get a lot worse'"; "Senior ex-ADF officers name climate change as Australia's biggest threat". Enjoy "Music for a Warming World". Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/climateconversations

Some Black children thrive via PUBLIC SCHOOL EDUCATION, while many deem the PUBLIC-SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL system a hostile place for AFRICAN AMERICAN CHILDREN. Special guests, BABA AMIN OJUOK, founder of the Uhuru Academy with his 25+ years of experience in educating BLACK CHILDREN and BROTHER PIANKI, school choice advocate openly discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM. Is SCHOOL CHOICE the answer, or should BLACK PARENTS recognize the PUBLIC SCHOOL system was not designed to prepare their BLACK CHIDREN for the future? Is there any Truth to the SCHOOL to PRISON PIPELINE or is it just political propaganda?. MENTAL DIALOGUE asking the questions America's afraid to ask. Let's DIALOGUE & CONNECT!!! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/montoya-smith/message

THIS EPISODE IS FOR AWARENESS.Although she happens to be a woman of color (called Black), it isn't the reason she's angry. Some are angry, but those who are, trust and believe it's not because she's a woman of color! Yet, many men of color label her when society has labeled the black man for years. You know it doesn't feel good, why do many of you think the woman of color should be okay with it?! Attitude, anger, etc isn't confined to women of color. Wake up, grow up, and mature! Get understanding! It's about checking self, figuring self out, dealing with the inner self, and loving self. If you don't do it for yourself you'll always be your biggest problem and confused by your own ways of thinking! I've been hearing a lot of talk about holding the black woman accountable from black women. ANY Black woman who believes talking down to and disrespecting another Black woman is holding her accountable or telling her the truth is VERY immature and completely clueless. A person who thinks the delivery of any message has to be is degrading and disrespectful to get a point across is an immature person. Some Black men are very misogynistic. That mindset comes from the same hurt and pain they only see in the Black woman! Yet, they're blind to their own error! Some Black men seems to think it's okay for them to hurt, but when she hurts, she's a mad Black woman with an attitude. Hmmmmm, but 99% of you came from a Black woman!!!!! How brainwashed and confused can you be? You're treating your Black sister the way society has ALWAYS treated you! My brother, you should love and protect her; not degrade, beat, disrespect, or hate her. Even if you don't want to be with her, it's no reason to put your sister down! You're a part of the problem! I'm just saying! Wake up!

Missouri health officials say even though homicides reached record levels in 2020, there were more suicides that year throughout the state. Some Black gun owners are taking more steps to protect themselves and that has others stepping in before more people possibly take their own lives.

“What police to do Black Men, doctors do to Black Women.” The the initial thought a pregnancy can be a beautiful and nerve wrecking experience. Some Black women are more likely to be treated differently during their pregnancy and delivery. The birthing experience is meant to be beautiful and non stressful for all of those involved. Listen to these advocates Heather Rollinson and Janahya Collier as they discuss their impact on Black Maternal Health in “Protect Black Women”

In this weeks episode of The Black Lotus Podcast, Mike and Josiah decided to record a random conversation that were having on FaceTime in September. It started off the mic, but as Josiah realized that this needed to be heard by the masses, he began to record. The audio quality is bad for these reasons, we hope you guys enjoy the episode regardless, thank you for listening. As long as you show love, we'll stay consistent! 00:00 intro 01:30 What is Dream theory 04:10 Dreaming in a near-death state 06:40 Returning to reality after being in a Coma 09:20 Remembering Dreams and nightmares 11:40 Indigo children explained 16:55 Some Black people originated in North America 23:20 Were Black people Native Americans 25:05 How did Blacks go from the top to being enslaved 27:10 The difference between African and European technology 29:30 Who really created guns 32:40 Advanced societies before the Europeans --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/blacklotuspodcast/support

Today we've got Ajay Relan of Slauson & Co. to talk about his early stage venture capital firm rooted in inclusion. Then we're talking about TikTok, LVMH's Kenzo naming Nigo as the new designer, the most purchased items on Amazon this year, the debt AOC's dress designer owes, and more. Liquid I.V. powers your mornings, fuels long days at work, and provides a boost for those tough workouts. Grab your Energy Liquid I.V. in bulk nationwide at Costco or you can get 25% off when you go to https://liquidiv.com/ and use cod GROUPCHAT at checkout.  Drink More Water – Group Chat News 9.19.21 A Group Chat exclusive interview with friend of the pod, Ajay Relan, of Slauson & Co. They discuss his early stage venture capital firm rooted in inclusion, and the true meaning of the hustle mentality. [1:23] When a True Crime episode plays out LIVE on TikTok. [25:57] How streetwear has taken over luxury. [48:03] What items were most purchased on Amazon this year? [53:23] Ad Break. [57:17] Pandora's box has been opened in the wake of AOC's ‘Tax the Rich' dress. [1:00:34] Group Chat Shout Outs. [1:08:35] Connect with Ajay! IG: @ajayfresh Slauson & Co. Off Slauson Email: meetus@slauson.co Related Links/Products Mentioned Inside the Missing Persons Case That Has True Crime TikTok Freaking Out TikTok reportedly overtakes YouTube in US average watch time Some Black creators are done with TikTok. These are their alternatives LVMH's Kenzo Names Nigo as Its New Designer The items most purchased on Amazon this year AOC's ‘Tax the Rich' dress designer Aurora James owes debt in multiple states Melrose Place x Group Chat Connect with Group Chat! Watch The Pod #1 Newsletter In The World For The Gram Tweet With Us Exclusive Facebook Content

1.    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPs9WI9x4yw (Larry Elder Promotes School Choice In California Recall Election Rally) 2.    https://larryelder.com/column/where-do-public-school-teachers-send-own-kids/ (Where Do Public School Teachers Send Own Kids?) 3.    https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED485524.pdf (Where Do Public School Teachers Send Their Kids to School? - Fordham Institute 2004) 4.    https://calmatters.org/education/2017/05/data-exclusive-75-of-black-california-boys-dont-meet-reading-standards/ (Data Exclusive: 75 percent of black California boys don't meet state reading standards) 5.    https://www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/california/districts/los-angeles-unified-school-district/crenshaw-sci-tech-engr-math-and-med-magnet-2524 (US News and World Report ranking for Crenshaw High) 6.    https://www.kqed.org/news/11701044/how-proposition-13-transformed-neighborhood-public-schools-throughout-california (How Proposition 13 Transformed Neighborhood Public Schools Throughout California) 7.    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-8SUq5RyPFE ("Larry Elder believes he can break California's 'stranglehold' on students") 8.    https://speakupparents.org/impact-of-racial-bias-on-black-students-in-lausd (Impact of Racial Bias on Black Students in LAUSD) 9.    https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-06-08/black-parents-see-less-bullying-racism-with-online-learning (Some Black parents see less bullying, racism with online learning and are keeping kids home - LA Times) 10. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/02/learning/lesson-plans/still-separate-still-unequal-teaching-about-school-segregation-and-educational-inequality.html (Still Separate, Still Unequal: Teaching about School Segregation and Educational Inequality) 11. https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2021-07-14/larry-elder-candidate-newsom-recall-election (Column: How recall candidate Larry Elder mentored Trumpism's top acolytes) 12. https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-06-08/defund-school-police-utla-blm (Eliminate school police, L.A. teachers union leaders say)

The 2020 election season for the Black community saw a lot of disunities especially when it came to the Joe Biden/Kamala Harris ticket. Some Black men and Black women cried out for ‘quid pro quo' something for their vote, all the while others attacked them for in some way supporting Trump. OvS discusses why this approach was misguided.

Episode 124 of A History of Rock Music in Five Hundred Songs looks at “People Get Ready", the Impressions, and the early career of Curtis Mayfield.  Click the full post to read liner notes, links to more information, and a transcript of the episode. Patreon backers also have a twenty-minute bonus episode available, on "I'm Henry VIII I Am" by Herman's Hermits. Tilt Araiza has assisted invaluably by doing a first-pass edit, and will hopefully be doing so from now on. Check out Tilt's irregular podcasts at http://www.podnose.com/jaffa-cakes-for-proust and http://sitcomclub.com/ Resources As usual, I've created a Mixcloud playlist, with full versions of all the songs excerpted in this episode. A lot of resources were used for this episode. Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement Through Its Songs by Guy and Candie Carawan is a combination oral history of the Civil Rights movement and songbook. Move On Up: Chicago Soul Music and Black Cultural Power by Aaron Cohen is a history of Chicago soul music and the way it intersected with politics. Traveling Soul: The Life of Curtis Mayfield  by Todd Mayfield with Travis Atria is a biography of Mayfield by one of his sons, and rather better than one might expect given that. Higher Ground: Stevie Wonder, Aretha Franklin, Curtis Mayfield, and the Rise and Fall of American Soul by Craig Werner looks at the parallels and divergences in the careers of its three titular soul stars. This compilation has a decent selection of recordings Mayfield wrote and produced for other artists on OKeh in the early sixties. This single-CD set of Jerry Butler recordings contains his Impressions recordings as well as several songs written or co-written by Mayfield. This double-CD of Major Lance's recordings contains all the hits Mayfield wrote for him. And this double-CD collection has all the Impressions' singles from 1961 through 1968. Patreon This podcast is brought to you by the generosity of my backers on Patreon. Why not join them? Transcript A couple of episodes ago we had a look at one of the first classic protest songs of the soul genre. Today we're going to look at how Sam Cooke's baton was passed on to another generation of soul singer/songwriters, and at one of the greatest songwriters of that generation. We're going to look at the early career of Curtis Mayfield, and at "People Get Ready" by the Impressions: [Excerpt: The Impressions, "People Get Ready"] A quick note before I start this one -- there is no way in this episode of avoiding dealing with the fact that the Impressions' first hit with a Curtis Mayfield lead vocal has, in its title, a commonly used word for Romany people beginning with "g" that many of those people regard as a slur -- while others embrace the term for themselves. I've thought long and hard about how to deal with this, and the compromise I've come up with is that I will use excerpts from the song, which will contain that word, but I won't use the word myself. I'm not happy with that compromise, but it's the best I can do. It's unfortunate that that word turns up a *lot* in music in the period I'm covering -- it's basically impossible to avoid. Anyway, on with the show... Curtis Mayfield is one of those musicians who this podcast will almost by definition underserve -- my current plan is to do a second episode on him, but if this was a thousand-song podcast he would have a *lot* more than just two episodes. He was one of the great musical forces of the sixties and seventies, and listeners to the Patreon bonus episodes will already have come across him several times before, as he was one of those musicians who becomes the centre of a whole musical scene, writing and producing for most of the other soul musicians to come out of Chicago in the late fifties and early 1960s. Mayfield grew up in Chicago, in the kind of poverty that is, I hope, unimaginable to most of my listeners. He had to become "the man of the house" from age five, looking after his younger siblings as his mother went out looking for work, as his father abandoned his family, moved away, and changed his name. His mother was on welfare for much of the time, and Mayfield's siblings have talked about how their special Christmas meal often consisted of cornbread and syrup, and they lived off beans, rice, and maybe a scrap of chicken neck every two weeks. They were so hungry so often that they used to make a game of it -- drinking water until they were full, and then making sloshing noises with their bellies, laughing at them making noises other than rumbling. But while his mother was poor, Mayfield saw that there was a way to escape from poverty. Specifically, he saw it in his paternal grandmother, the Reverend A.B. Mayfield, a Spiritualist priest, who was the closest thing to a rich person in his life. For those who don't know what Spiritualism is, it's one of the many new religious movements that sprouted up in the Northeastern US in the mid to late nineteenth centuries, like the Holiness Movement (which became Pentecostalism), the New Thought, Christian Science, Mormonism, and the Jehovah's Witnesses. Spiritualists believe, unlike mainstream Christianity, that it is possible to communicate with the spirits of the dead, and that those spirits can provide information about the afterlife, and about the nature of God and angels. If you've ever seen, either in real life or in a fictional depiction, a medium communicating with spirits through a seance, that's spiritualism. There are numbers of splinter spiritualist movements, and the one Reverend Mayfield, and most Black American Spiritualists at this time, belonged to was one that used a lot of elements of Pentecostalism and couched its teachings in the Bible -- to an outside observer not conversant with the theology, it might seem no different from any other Black church of the period, other than having a woman in charge. But most other churches would not have been funded by their presiding minister's winnings from illegal gambling, as she claimed to have the winning numbers in the local numbers racket come to her in dreams, and won often enough that people believed her. Reverend Mayfield's theology also incorporated elements from the Nation of Islam, which at that time was growing in popularity, and was based in Chicago. Chicago was also the home of gospel music -- it was where Sister Rosetta Tharpe had got her start and where Mahalia Jackson and Thomas Dorsey and the Soul Stirrers were all based -- and so of course Reverend Mayfield's church got its own gospel quartet, the Northern Jubilee Singers. They modelled themselves explicitly on the Soul Stirrers, who at the time were led by Sam Cooke: [Excerpt: The Soul Stirrers, "Jesus Gave Me Water"] Curtis desperately wanted to join the Northern Jubilee Singers, and particularly admired their lead singer, Jerry Butler, as well as being a huge fan of their inspiration Sam Cooke. But he was too young -- he was eight years old, and the group members were twelve and thirteen, an incommensurable gap at that age. So Curtis couldn't join the Jubilee singers, but he kept trying to perform, and not just with gospel -- as well as gospel, Chicago was also the home of electric blues, being where Chess Records was based, and young Curtis Mayfield was surrounded by the music of people like Muddy Waters: [Excerpt: Muddy Waters, "Rollin' and Tumblin'"] And so as well as singing gospel songs, he started singing and playing the blues, inspired by Waters, Little Walter, and other Chess acts. His first instrument was the piano, and young Curtis found that he naturally gravitated to the black keys -- he liked the sound of those best, and didn't really like playing the white keys. I won't get into the music theory too much here, but the black keys on a piano make what is called a pentatonic scale -- a five-note scale that is actually the basis for most folk music forms, whether Celtic folk, Indian traditional music, the blues, bluegrass, Chinese traditional music... pentatonic scales have been independently invented by almost every culture, and you might think of them as the "natural" music, what people default to. The black notes on the piano make that scale in the key of F#: [Excerpt: pentatonic scale in F#] The notes in that are F#, G#, A#, C#, and D#. When young Curtis found a guitar in his grandmother's closet, he didn't like the way it sounded -- if you strum the open strings of a guitar they don't make a chord (well, every combination of notes is a chord, but they don't make one most people think of as pleasant) -- the standard guitar tuning is E, A, D, G, B, E. Little Curtis didn't like this sound, so he retuned the guitar to F#, A#, C#, F#, A#, F# -- notes from the chord of F#, and all of them black keys on the piano. Now, tuning a guitar to open chords is a fairly standard thing to do -- guitarists as varied as Keith Richards, Steve Cropper, and Dolly Parton tune their guitars to open chords -- but doing it to F# is something that pretty much only Mayfield ever did, and it meant his note choices were odd ones. He would later say with pride that he used to love it when other guitarists picked up his guitar, because no matter how good they were they couldn't play on his instrument. He quickly became extremely proficient as a blues guitarist, and his guitar playing soon led the Northern Jubilee Singers to reconsider having him in the band. By the time he was eleven he was a member of the group and travelling with them to gospel conventions all over the US. But he had his fingers in multiple musical pies -- he formed a blues group, who would busk outside the pool-hall where his uncle was playing, and he also formed a doo-wop group, the Alphatones, who became locally popular. Jerry Butler, the Jubilee Singers' lead vocalist, had also joined a doo-wop group -- a group called the Roosters, who had moved up to Chicago from Chattanooga. Butler was convinced that to make the Roosters stand out, they needed a guitarist like Mayfield, but Mayfield at first remained uninterested -- he already had his own group, the Alphatones. Butler suggested that Mayfield should rehearse with both groups, three days a week each, and then stick with the group that was better. Soon Mayfield found himself a full-time member of the Roosters. In 1957, when Curtis was fifteen, the group entered a talent contest at a local school, headlined by the Medallionaires, a locally-popular group who had released a single on Mercury, "Magic Moonlight": [Excerpt: The Medallionaires, "Magic Moonlight"] The Medallionaires' manager, Eddie Thomas, had been around the music industry since he was a child – his stepfather had been the great blues pianist Big Maceo Merriweather, who had made records like "Worried Life Blues": [Excerpt: Big Maceo Merriweather, "Worried Life Blues"] Thomas hadn't had any success in the industry yet, but at this talent contest, the Roosters did a close-harmony version of Sam Cooke's "You Send Me", and Thomas decided that they had potential, especially Mayfield and Butler. He signed them to a management contract, but insisted they changed their name. They cast around for a long time to find something more suitable, and eventually decided on The Impressions, because they'd made such an impression on Thomas. The group were immediately taken by Thomas on a tour of the large indie labels, and at each one they sang a song that members of the group had written, which was inspired by a song called "Open Our Eyes" by the Gospel Clefs: [Excerpt: The Gospel Clefs, "Open Our Eyes"] Herman Lubinsky at Savoy liked the song, and suggested that Jerry speak-sing it, which was a suggestion the group took up, but he passed on them. So did Ralph Bass at King. Mercury Records gave them some session work, but weren't able to sign the group themselves -- the session was with the big band singer Eddie Howard, singing backing vocals on a remake of "My Last Goodbye", a song he'd recorded multiple times before. Unfortunately, I haven't been able to track down a copy of that recording, the Impressions' first, only Howard's other recordings of the song. Eventually, the group got the interest of a tiny label called Bandera, whose owner Vi Muszynski was interested -- but she had to get the approval of Vee-Jay Records, the larger label that distributed Bandera's records. Vee-Jay was a very odd label. It was one of a tiny number of Black-owned record labels in America at the time, and possibly the biggest of them, and it's interesting to compare them to Chess Records, which was based literally across the road. Both put out R&B records, but Chess was white-owned and specialised in hardcore Chicago electric blues -- Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, Little Walter and so on. Vee-Jay, on the other hand, certainly put out its fair share of that kind of music, but they also put out a lot of much smoother doo-wop and early soul, and they would have their biggest hits a few years after this, not with blues artists, but with the Four Seasons, and with their licensing of British records by Frank Ifield and the Beatles. Both Vee-Jay and Chess were aiming at a largely Black market, but Black-owned Vee-Jay was much more comfortable with white pop acts than white-owned Chess. Muszynski set up an audition with Calvin Carter, the head of A&R at Vee-Jay, and selected the material the group were to perform for Carter -- rather corny songs the group were not at all comfortable with. They ran through that repertoire, and Carter said they sounded good but didn't they have any originals? They played a couple of originals, and Carter wasn't interested in those. Then Carter had a thought -- did they have any songs they felt ashamed of playing for him? Something that they didn't normally do? They did -- they played that song that the group had written, the one based on "Open Our Eyes". It was called "For Your Precious Love", and Carter immediately called in another group, the Spaniels, who were favourites of the Impressions and had had hits with records like "Goodnite Sweetheart Goodnite": [Excerpt: The Spaniels, "Goodnite, Sweetheart, Goodnite"] Carter insisted on the Impressions singing their song for the Spaniels, and Butler in particular was very worried -- he assumed that Carter just wanted to take their song and give it to the bigger group. But after they played the song again, the Spaniels all enthused about how great the Impressions were and what a big hit the Impressions were going to have with the song. They realised that Carter just *really liked* them and the song, and wanted to show them off. The group went into the studio, and recorded half a dozen takes of "For Your Precious Love", but none of them came off correctly. Eventually Carter realised what the problem was -- Mayfield wasn't a member of the musicians' union, and so Carter had hired session guitarists, but they couldn't play the song the way Mayfield did. Eventually, Carter got the guitarists to agree to take the money, not play, and not tell the union if he got Mayfield to play on the track instead of them. After that, they got it in two takes: [Excerpt: Jerry Butler and the Impressions, "For Your Precious Love"] When it came out, the record caused a major problem for the group, because they discovered when they saw the label that it wasn't credited to "The Impressions", but to "Jerry Butler and the Impressions". The label had decided that they were going to follow the strategy that had worked for so many acts before -- put out records credited to "Singer and Group", and then if they were successful develop that into two separate acts. To his credit, Butler immediately insisted that the record company get the label reprinted, but Vee-Jay said that wasn't something they could do. It was too late, the record was going out as Jerry Butler and the Impressions and that was an end to it. The group were immediately put on the promotional circuit -- there was a rumour that Roy Hamilton, the star who had had hits with "Unchained Melody" and "Ebb Tide", was going to put out a cover version, as the song was perfectly in his style, and so the group needed to get their version known before he could cut his cover. They travelled to Philadelphia, where they performed for the DJ Georgie Woods. We talked about Woods briefly last episode -- he was the one who would later coin the term "blue-eyed soul" to describe the Righteous Brothers -- and Woods was also the person who let Dick Clark know what the important Black records were, so Clark could feature them on his show. Woods started to promote the record, and suddenly Jerry Butler and the Impressions were huge -- "For Your Precious Love" made number three on the R&B charts and number eleven on the pop charts. Their next session produced another hit, "Come Back My Love", although that only made the R&B top thirty and was nowhere near as big a hit: [Excerpt: Jerry Butler and the Impressions, "Come Back My Love"] That would be the last time the original lineup of the Impressions would record together. Shortly afterwards, before a gig in Texas, Jerry Butler called the President of the record label to sort out a minor financial problem. Once the problem had been sorted out, the president put the phone down, but then one of the other Impressions, Arthur Brooks, asked if he could have a word. Butler explained that the other person had hung up, and Brooks went ballistic, saying that Butler thought he was in charge, and thought that he could do all the talking for the group. Well, if he thought that, he could do all the singing too. Brooks and his brother Richard weren't going on stage. Sam Gooden said he wasn't going on either -- he'd been an original Rooster with the Brooks brothers before Butler had joined the group, and he was siding with them. That left Curtis Mayfield. Mayfield said he was still going on stage, because he wanted to get paid. The group solidarity having crumbled, Gooden changed his mind and said he might as well go on with them, so Butler, Mayfield, and Gooden went on as a trio. Butler noticed that the audience didn't notice a difference -- they literally didn't know the Brooks brothers existed -- and that was the point at which he decided to go solo. The Impressions continued without Butler, with Mayfield, Gooden, and the Brooks brothers recruiting Fred Cash, who had sung with the Roosters when they were still in Tennessee. Mayfield took over the lead vocals and soon started attracting the same resentment that Butler had. Vee-Jay dropped the Impressions, and they started looking round for other labels and working whatever odd jobs they could. Mayfield did get some work from Vee-Jay, though, working as a session player on records by people like Jimmy Reed. There's some question about which sessions Mayfield actually played -- I've seen conflicting information in different sessionographies -- but it's at least possible that Mayfield's playing on Reed's most famous record, "Baby What You Want Me to Do": [Excerpt: Jimmy Reed, "Baby What You Want Me to Do"] And one of Mayfield's friends, a singer called Major Lance, managed to get himself a one-off single deal with Mercury Records after becoming a minor celebrity as a dancer on a TV show. Mayfield wrote that one single, though it wasn't a hit: [Excerpt: Major Lance, "I Got a Girl"] Someone else who wasn't having hits was Jerry Butler. By late 1960 it had been two years since "For Your Precious Love" and Butler hadn't made the Hot One Hundred in that time, though he'd had a few minor R&B hits. He was playing the chitlin' circuit, and in the middle of a tour, his guitarist quit. Butler phoned Mayfield, who had just received a four hundred dollar tax bill he couldn't pay -- a lot of money for an unemployed musician in 1960. Mayfield immediately joined Butler's band to pay off his back taxes, and he also started writing songs with Butler. "He Will Break Your Heart", a collaboration between the two (with Calvin Carter also credited), made the top ten on the pop chart and number one on the R&B chart: [Excerpt: Jerry Butler, "He Will Break Your Heart"] Even more important for Mayfield than writing a top ten hit, though, was his experience playing for Butler at the Harlem Apollo. Not because of the shows themselves, but because playing a residency in New York allowed him to hang out at the Turf, a restaurant near the Brill Building where all the songwriters would hang out. Or, more specifically, where all the *poorer* songwriters would hang out -- the Turf did roast beef sandwiches for fifty cents if you ate standing at the counter rather than seated at a table, and it also had twenty payphones, so all those songwriters who didn't have their own offices would do their business from the phone booths. Mayfield would hang out there to learn the secrets of the business, and that meant he learned the single most important lesson there is -- keep your own publishing. These writers, some of whom had written many hit songs, were living off twenty-five-dollar advances while the publishing companies were making millions. Mayfield also discovered that Sam Cooke, the man he saw as the model for how his career should go, owned his own publishing company. So he did some research, found out that it didn't actually cost anything to start up a publishing company, and started his own, Curtom, named as a portmanteau of his forename and the surname of Eddie Thomas, the Impressions' manager. While the Impressions' career was in the doldrums, Thomas, too, had been working for Butler, as his driver and valet, and he and Mayfield became close, sharing costs and hotel rooms in order to save money. Mayfield not only paid his tax bill, but by cutting costs everywhere he could he saved up a thousand dollars, which he decided to use to record a song he'd written specifically for the Impressions, not for Butler. (This is the song I mentioned at the beginning with the potential slur in the title. If you don't want to hear that, skip forward thirty seconds now): [Excerpt: The Impressions, "Gypsy Woman"] That track got the Impressions signed to ABC/Paramount records, and it made the top twenty on the pop charts and sold half a million copies, thanks once again to promotion from Georgie Woods. But once again, the follow-ups flopped badly, and the Brooks brothers quit the group, because they wanted to be doing harder-edged R&B in the mould of Little Richard, Hank Ballard, and James Brown, not the soft melodic stuff that Mayfield was writing. The Impressions continued as a three-piece group, and Mayfield would later say that this had been the making of them. A three-part harmony group allowed for much more spontaneity and trading of parts, for the singers to move freely between lead and backing vocals and to move into different parts of their ranges, where when they had been a five-piece group everything had been much more rigid, as if a singer moved away from his assigned part, he would find himself clashing with another singer's part. But as the group were not having hits, Mayfield was still looking for other work, and he found it at OKeh Records, which was going through something of a boom in this period thanks to the producer Carl Davis. Davis took Mayfield on as an associate producer and right-hand man,  primarily in order to get him as a guitarist, but Mayfield was also a valuable talent scout, backing vocalist, and especially songwriter. Working with Davis and arranger Johnny Pate, between 1963 and 1965 Mayfield wrote and played on a huge number of R&B hits for OKeh, including "It's All Over" by Walter Jackson: [Excerpt: Walter Jackson, "It's All Over"] "Gonna Be Good Times" for Gene Chandler: [Excerpt: Gene Chandler, "Gonna Be Good Times"] And a whole string of hits for Jerry Butler's brother Billy and his group The Enchanters, starting with "Gotta Get Away": [Excerpt: Billy Butler and the Enchanters, "Gotta Get Away"] But the real commercial success came from Mayfield's old friend Major Lance, who Mayfield got signed to OKeh. Lance had several minor hits written by Mayfield, but his big success came with a song that Mayfield had written for the Impressions, but decided against recording with them, as it was a novelty dance song and he didn't think that they should be doing that kind of material. The Impressions sang backing vocals on Major Lance's "The Monkey Time", written by Mayfield, which became a top ten pop hit: [Excerpt: Major Lance, "The Monkey Time"] Mayfield would write several more hits for Major Lance, including the one that became his biggest hit, "Um Um Um Um Um Um", which went top five pop and made number one on the R&B charts: [Excerpt: Major Lance, "Um Um Um Um Um Um (Curious Mind)"] So Mayfield was making hits for other people at a furious rate, but he was somehow unable to have hits with his own group. He was still pushing the Impressions, but they had to be a weekend commitment -- the group would play gigs all over the country at weekends, but Monday through Friday Mayfield was in the studio cutting hits for other people -- and he was also trying to keep up a relationship not only with his wife and first child, but with the woman who would become his second wife, with whom he was cheating on his first. He was young enough that he could just about keep this up -- he was only twenty at this point, though he was already a veteran of the music industry -- but it did mean that the Impressions were a lower priority than they might have been. At least, they were until, in August 1963, between those two huge Major Lance hits, Curtis Mayfield finally wrote another big hit for the Impressions -- their first in their new three-piece lineup. Everyone could tell "It's All Right" was a hit, and Gene Chandler begged to be allowed to record it, but Mayfield insisted that his new song was for his group: [Excerpt: The Impressions, "It's All Right"] "It's All Right" went to number four on the pop chart, and number one R&B. And this time, the group didn't mess up the follow-up.  Their next two singles, "Talking About My Baby" and "I'm So Proud", both made the pop top twenty, and the Impressions were now stars. Mayfield also took a trip to Jamaica around this time, with Carl Davis, to produce an album of Jamaican artists, titled "The Real Jamaica Ska", featuring acts like Lord Creator and Jimmy Cliff: [Excerpt: Jimmy Cliff, "Ska All Over the World"] But Mayfield was also becoming increasingly politically aware. As the Civil Rights movement in the US was gaining steam, it was also starting to expose broader systemic problems that affected Black people in the North, not just the South. In Chicago, while Black people had been able to vote for decades, and indeed were a substantial political power block, all that this actually meant in practice was that a few powerful self-appointed community leaders had a vested interest in keeping things as they were. Segregation still existed -- in 1963, around the time that "It's All Right" came out, there was a school strike in the city, where nearly a quarter of a million children refused to go to school. Black schools were so overcrowded that it became impossible for children to learn there, but rather than integrate the schools and let Black kids go to the less-crowded white schools, the head of public education in Chicago decided instead to make the children go to school in shifts, so some were going ridiculously early in the morning while others were having to go to school in the evening. And there were more difficult arguments going on around segregation among Black people in Chicago. The issues in the South seemed straightforward in comparison -- no Black person wanted to be lynched or to be denied the right to vote. But in Chicago there was the question of integrating the two musicians' union chapters in the city. Some Black proponents of integration saw merging the two union chapters as a way for Black musicians to get the opportunity to play lucrative sessions for advertising jingles and so on, which only went to white players. But a vocal minority of musicians were convinced that the upshot of integrating the unions would be that Black players would still be denied those jobs, but white players would start getting some of the soul and R&B sessions that only Black players were playing, and thought that the end result would be that white people would gentrify those areas of music and culture where Black people had carved out spaces for themselves, while still denying Black people the opportunity to move into the white spaces. Mayfield was deeply, deeply, invested in the Civil Rights movement, and the wider discourse as more radical voices started to gain strength in the movement. And he was particularly inspired by his hero, Sam Cooke, recording "A Change is Gonna Come".  As the rhetoric of the Civil Rights movement was so deeply rooted in religious language, it was natural that Mayfield would turn to the gospel music he'd grown up on for his own first song about these issues, "Keep on Pushing": [Excerpt: The Impressions, "Keep on Pushing"] That became another huge hit, making the top ten on the pop chart and number one on the R&B chart. It's instructive to look at reactions to the Impressions, and to Mayfield's sweet, melodic, singing. White audiences were often dismissive of the Impressions, believing they were attempting to sell out to white people and were therefore not Black enough -- a typical reaction is that of Arnold Shaw, the white music writer, who in 1970 referred to the Impressions as Oreos -- a derogatory term for people who are "Black on the outside, white inside". Oddly, though, Black audiences seem not to have recognised the expertise of elderly white men on who was Black enough, and despite white critics' protestations continued listening to and buying the Impressions' records, and incorporating Mayfield's songs into their activism. For example, Sing For Freedom, a great oral-history-cum-songbook which collects songs sung by Civil Rights activists, collected contemporaneously by folklorists, has no fewer than four Impressions songs included, in lightly adapted versions, as sung by the Chicago Freedom Movement, the group led by Martin Luther King, Jesse Jackson and others, who campaigned for an end to housing segregation in Chicago. It quotes Jimmy Collier, a Black civil rights activist and folk singer, saying "There's a rock 'n' roll group called the Impressions and we call them ‘movement fellows' and we try to sing a lot of their songs. Songs like ‘Keep On Pushin',' ‘I Been Trying,' ‘I'm So Proud,' ‘It's Gonna Be a Long, Long Winter,' ‘People Get Ready, There's a Train a-Comin',' ‘There's a Meeting Over Yonder' really speak to the situation a lot of us find ourselves in." I mention this discrepancy because this is something that comes up throughout music history -- white people dismissing Black people as not being "Black enough" and trying to appeal to whites, even as Black audiences were embracing those artists in preference to the artists who had white people's seal of approval as being authentically Black. I mention this because I am myself a white man, and it is very important for me to acknowledge that I will make similar errors when talking about Black culture, as I am here. "Keep on Pushing" was the Impressions' first political record, but by no means the most important. In 1965 the Civil Rights movement seemed to be starting to unravel, and there were increasing ruptures between the hardliners who would go on to form what would become the Black Power movement and the more moderate older generation. These ruptures were only exacerbated by the murder of Malcolm X, the most powerful voice on the radical side. Mayfield was depressed by this fragmentation, and wanted to write a song of hope, one that brought everyone together. To see the roots of the song Mayfield came up with we have to go all the way back to episode five, and to "This Train", the old gospel song which Rosetta Tharpe had made famous: [Excerpt: Sister Rosetta Tharpe, "This Train (live)"] The image of the train leading to freedom had always been a powerful one in Black culture, dating back to the Underground Railroad -- the network of people who helped enslaved people flee their abusers and get away to countries where they could be free. It was also a particularly potent image for Black people in the northern cities, many of whom had travelled there by train from the South, or whose parents had. Mayfield took the old song, and built a new song around it. His melody is closer than it might seem to that of "This Train", but has a totally different sound and feeling, one of gentle hope rather than fervent excitement. And there's a difference of emphasis in the lyrics too. "This Train", as befits a singer like Tharpe who belonged to a Pentecostal "holiness" sect which taught the need for upright conduct at all times, is mostly a list of those sinners who won't be allowed on the train. Mayfield, by contrast, had been brought up in a Spiritualist church, and one of the nine affirmations of Spiritualism is "We affirm that the doorway to reformation is never closed against any soul here or hereafter". Mayfield's song does talk about how "There ain't no room for the hopeless sinner, Whom would hurt all mankind just to save his own", but the emphasis is on how "there's hope for *all*, among those loved the most", and how "you don't need no baggage", and "don't need no ticket". It's a song which is fundamentally inclusive, offering a vision of hope and freedom in which all are welcome: [Excerpt: The Impressions, "People Get Ready"] The song quickly became one of the most important songs to the Civil Rights movement -- Doctor King called it "the unofficial anthem of the Civil Rights movement" -- as well as becoming yet another big hit. We will continue to explore the way Mayfield and the Impressions reacted to, were inspired by, and themselves inspired Black political movements when we look at them again, and their political importance was extraordinary. But this is a podcast about music, and so I'll finish with a note about their musical importance. As with many R&B acts, the Impressions were massive in Jamaica, and they toured there in 1966. In the front row when they played the Carib Theatre in Kingston were three young men who had recently formed a group which they had explicitly modelled on the Impressions and their three-part harmonies. That group had even taken advantage of Jamaica's nonexistent copyright laws to incorporate a big chunk of "People Get Ready" into one of their own songs, which was included on their first album: [Excerpt: The Wailers, "One Love (1965 version)"] Bob Marley and the Wailers would soon become a lot more than an Impressions soundalike group, but that, of course, is a story for a future episode...

Story number 12 is here!

Dr. Khadijah Ali-Coleman was interviewed by Sheletta Brundidge on The Sheletta Show on WCCO Radio. She spoke to Sheletta after she was quoted for the article "Some Black parents say remote learning gives racism reprieve" by Christine Fernando. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Dr. Khadijah Ali-Coleman was interviewed by Sheletta Brundidge on The Sheletta Show on WCCO Radio. She spoke to Sheletta after she was quoted for the article "Some Black parents say remote learning gives racism reprieve" by Christine Fernando. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Discussing, WHY is it to SOME BLACK men, the more African a woman looks, the darker she is...the less accepted she is by BLACK men or chosen by high ranking men? Why are these women ONLY seen as struggle? I NEED answers! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/mocha-chameleon/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/mocha-chameleon/support

Some Black franchise owners are complaining that they are not being treated as well as white franchise owners.  Plus a commodities update with Tom Leffler of Leffler Commodities See omnystudio.com/policies/listener for privacy information.

Is YouTube's algorithms racist? Some Black content creators say they are, and they're taking their accusations to court. We hear from one of them. #BlackLivesMatter #Algorithms #Newsfeed

Nick Cannon was fired for anti-Semitic tropes. Some Black folks are confused. How can we bridge the gap between Blacks and Jews? On this episode of "Be Heard Talk," Selena Hill, Stanley Fritz, and Tammie David discussed Nick Cannon's anti-Semitic remarks with Rabbi Abraham Cooper, the associate dean and director of Global Social Action Agenda for the Simon Wiesenthal Center and the Jewish leader that counseled Cannon before he apologized. They also talked about the intersectionality between Antisemitism and racism.

Should they arrest Amy Cooper? Some Black intellectuals say no. She's suffered enough. Christian Cooper agrees. What does Democracyish say? Danielle and Toure want her to see her do time. Hosts: Danielle Moodie & Touré Executive Producer: Adell Coleman Producer: Ryan Woodhall Distributor: DCP Entertainment  See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Today we're talking about everything from the wounded/sacred masculine and feminine energies we carry within us to how we carry ourselves in relationships to learning to love our inner selves and finding our tribes. Lots of stoke for this gem of a being, Bridie Asprey, who shared so much of her experience as an emotional bean in this episode. Check out more Kinda Ok Content HERE. Original music created by Jason Stam www.jasonstam.com - Some Black charities, creatives and businesses you can support today: Black Visions Collective www.blackvisionsmn.org Assata's Daughters www.assatasdaughters.org Bianca Xunise (Comic Artist) www.biancaxunise.com Africa Brooke (Mindset Coach) africabrooke.com Jeanetta Gonzales (Illustrator) www.jeanettagonzales.com Jungalow (Home Decor) www.jungalow.com Lolly Lolly (Ceramics Artist) lolly-lolly.com - Bridie's Recommendations; Mark Groves / Create The Love Jake Woodard / Masculine Feminine Energies Course Dr. Nicole LePera / The Holistic Psychologist

Levi, Hadar, Cris, and Garret react to the PS5 reveal stream. Some Black content creators we follow and recommend https://twitter.com/BlessingJr https://twitter.com/WoolieWoolz https://www.youtube.com/user/marquesbrownlee https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWiY6fYdxuEe78r-0uFCnhA https://www.youtube.com/user/auntyfee https://www.youtube.com/user/KeithTheMongooseKTM https://www.youtube.com/user/decsilentenigma https://www.youtube.com/user/YoVideogames Grab some sick merch: https://shop.spreadshirt.com/GrimCacheTV Join The GrimCacheTV Discord Server Now!: https://discord.gg/3Kz4ZgS Follow GrimCacheTV on social media: https://twitter.com/GrimCacheTV https://instagram.com/GrimCacheTV Cris: https://twitter.com/Failure2Comply_ https://instagram.com/failure_two_comply Garrett: https://twitter.com/Xergratt Levi: https://twitter.com/GCTVWrangler https://www.twitch.tv/wrangler117 --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/grimcacheweebshow/support

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many nature programs have shut down due to statewide budget shortfalls. Some Black and Latinx families lost access to nature. The time indoors can affect a child’s physical and mental health. But perhaps there's a solution when schools reopen: outdoor classrooms.

Follow His Lead, Grab Your Bibles and Pray HardI am often asked just what MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN MEANSLet me explain....https://youtu.be/WYuWBUfE6uIIt doesn't start with the slaying of a 77-year-old black retired police chief over a TVMr David Dorn may you RIPIf all Black Lives Matter then where is the quick justice for this murder?Do Black lives matter? Or only Some Black lives Matter to Black People Systematic Racism? You didn’t see this on CNN MSNBC CBS NBC ABC?"He was murdered by looters at a pawnshop. He was the type of brother that would’ve given his life to save them if he had to. Violence is not the answer, whether it’s a citizen or officer," they wrote.St. Louis Police Chief John Hayden said Dorn was murdered during a looting while “exercising law enforcement training.”https://www.spreaker.com/user/9922149/imagine-hating-our-president-so-much-you

In this episode, I share my frustrations on everything that is happening in the world with the racial injustice that is going on. This week has been emotionally draining and I've been at a loss for words but, I'm here to say that I will STAND, SUPPORT, FIGHT, with you. You don't have to Black to be outraged. You have to be human! Please stay safe as you riot and protest. I have listed below Some Black-owned businesses. I'll leave a link as well.Restaurants:Bakers's Ribs RestaurantsBurgerim West EndCookie SocietyRecipe Oak CliffRudy's ChickenRetail:Roberts's ready to wearLegal Services:Elizabeth Davis FrizellMahomes Bolden PCThe Robert's Law Firm of Dallashttps://blackbizdfw.com/

Some Black ppl don't never support their family businesses without it being beneficial. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Some Black women be wanting the black man with a degree and the hood mentality. What they fail to realize the reality of wanting that type of man --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/red-pill-man/support

Michael Imhotep host of The African History Network Show on 11-9-18 discussed a number of topics including Trump demeans 3 Black Women Reporters; Midterm Elections results; Trump fired AG Jeff Sessions, appoints Acting AG with huge conflicts; PowerNomics by Dr. Claud Anderson; The Black Agenda & Elected Officials; Some Black people don't want things to get better; Politics impacts every aspect of our life. Preview of The African History Network Show coming up Sunday Nov. 11th, 2018. Donate to The African History Network at http://www.PayPal.me/TheAHNShow. Visit http://www.AfricanHistoryNetwork.com to listen to podcasts of The African History Network Show for DVD lectures by Michael Imhotep. (New Item) Meltrek Bundle Pack Exploring African History for Children DVD & Books ORDER HERE: http://theafricanhistorynetwork.net/Meltrek-Bundle-Pack-Exploring-African-History-for-Children-DVD-Books Advertise your African American owned business with The African History Network to reach thousands of potential customers. Get 50% OFF the 1st Month! Ends Sunday, Nov. 11th, 2018, 11:59pm EST.   E-mail us at CustomerService@AfricanHistoryNetwork.com for more information about Advertising with The African History Network. “The African History Network Show” with Michael Imhotep is on Blog Talk Radio, Itunes, TuneIn, CastBox, FMPlayer, Acast, etc.

SOME Black people have desired a leader for some time. Someone who can speak to and for the black experience in an appropriate and accurate manner. The days of MLK and Malcom X have been gone for a while, so who are the repalcements? Some say Obama, Al Sharpton, Umar Johnson, and a few others, but are they the leaders we need? We will be discussing this and other topics is Music, Entertainment, Politics and culture.