Podcasts about GON

Gonçalo Rebelo de Almeida, diretor executivo do Vila Galé, receia que a crise no Médio Oriente, com o aumento do custo do jet fuel, conduza a um aumento dos preços das viagens e a uma redução dos fluxos turísticos.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Las reflexiones posteriores han corrido a cargo del colaborador habitual de 'A vivir Baleares' Gonçal López Nadal, con una firma especial: 'Dieciocho de julio, día triste. Dieciocho de julio, día negro. Las largas vacaciones del 36'.

As novidades sobre a indústria dos videojogos, análises aos jogos do momento, retrogaming, os temas de fundo e até um quiz musical sobre videojogos. Com Pedro Moreira Dias, Élio Salsinha, Rui Gonçalves e Gonçalo Santos.

Fernando Alvim recebe Gonçalo Nascimento Rodrigues e José Crespo Carvalho do ISCTE Executive Education.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mercado Flash, 15 de julho. Neste episódio falamos sobre Ibrahima Ba, central do FC Famalicão no radar do Benfica. No caminho inverso pode seguir Gonçalo Moreira. Cardoso Varela, de forma surpreendente, vai retornar ao FC Porto.

Morreu há quase seis anos, mas continua vivo. Ninguém foi como Gonçalo Ribeiro Telles: cosmopolita e da terra, monárquico e republicano, privilegiado e do povo, um verdadeiro senhor.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mercado Flash, 15 de julho. Neste episódio falamos sobre Ibrahima Ba, central do FC Famalicão no radar do Benfica. No caminho inverso pode seguir Gonçalo Moreira. Cardoso Varela, de forma surpreendente, vai retornar ao FC Porto.

Ruben Amorim vuole Ederson per rinforzare il centrocampo del Milan. L'Atalanta valuta il brasiliano circa 50 milioni di euro e nell'operazione potrebbero essere inseriti Samuele Ricci o Ardon Yashari.In questa puntata analizziamo le ultime notizie di calciomercato del Milan, il raduno a Milanello, l'arrivo di Gerry Cardinale, le possibili cessioni e le situazioni di Gonçalo Ramos, Rafael Leao, James Bondo e Santiago Gimenez.Nella parte finale parliamo anche delle dichiarazioni di Paolo Scaroni e del nuovo incarico di Paolo Maldini in Nazionale.#Milan #CalciomercatoMilan #Ederson #RubenAmorim #MilanNews

Le mercato du Paris Saint-Germain ne se joue pas seulement sur les arrivées. Cet été, le vrai changement de dimension du PSG se voit surtout dans sa capacité à vendre. Pendant longtemps, Paris a été critiqué pour une chose : acheter très cher, puis mal revendre. Mais depuis l'arrivée de Luis Campos, le club semble avoir changé de logiciel. CulturePSG rappelle que 7 des 10 plus grosses ventes de l'histoire du PSG ont eu lieu entre 2022 et 2026, une période qui correspond à l'arrivée du dirigeant portugais dans l'organigramme parisien. Le dossier Gonçalo Ramos illustre parfaitement ce changement. Le PSG a officialisé son départ vers l'AC Milan, après trois saisons à Paris, 131 matchs, 45 buts, 10 passes décisives et 12 trophées remportés, dont deux Ligues des champions. Mais surtout, CulturePSG présente Ramos comme la deuxième plus grosse vente de l'histoire du club, avec une opération estimée entre 70 et 74 millions d'euros hors bonus. Et Ramos n'est pas un cas isolé. Lee Kang-in est tout proche de rejoindre l'Atlético de Madrid dans une opération qui devrait dépasser les 40 millions d'euros bonus compris. Paris l'avait recruté pour environ 22 millions d'euros plus bonus en 2023, ce qui signifie que le club va le revendre bien plus cher qu'il ne l'a acheté. Avec Ramos et Lee, le PSG récupère plus de 100 millions d'euros sur deux joueurs qui n'étaient pas installés comme titulaires absolus. Le dossier Randal Kolo Muani montre aussi que Paris négocie désormais beaucoup plus fermement. La Juventus avance pour le récupérer, mais le PSG ne semble pas prêt à accepter une opération au rabais. CulturePSG explique que les deux clubs sont d'accord sur la formule générale, mais pas encore sur le prix, Paris réclamant une valorisation proche de 40 millions d'euros selon la presse italienne. Le vrai sujet est donc là : le PSG est-il devenu une machine à vendre ? Le club parisien n'a plus seulement une puissance d'achat. Il commence à créer de la valeur, à revendre fort, à transformer ses remplaçants en gros chèques, et à imposer ses conditions au marché. Dans ce live Paris Central, on va analyser : pourquoi le PSG vend mieux qu'avant ; le rôle de Luis Campos dans cette transformation ; le cas Gonçalo Ramos ; le transfert de Lee Kang-in ; le bras de fer avec la Juventus pour Kolo Muani ; les plus grosses ventes de l'histoire du club ; pourquoi Paris n'est plus obligé de brader ; et pourquoi cette évolution peut changer tout le mercato parisien. 00:00 - intro 04:06 - France -Paraguay: une qualification dans la douleur? 24:17 France - Paraguay: revue de la performance de nos parisiens 58:25: Hakimi et le Maroc en 1/4 de CDM 01:12:04 - Revue Portugal - Espagne 01:31:21 - Akliouche: accord trouvé avec le PSG 01:43:15 - Kang-In Lee (enfin) à l'Atletico Madrid 01:47:54 - Chevalier va t-il rester au PSG? 02:05:50 - Outro Le PSG est double champion d'Europe. Mais son vrai changement de statut se voit aussi ailleurs : Paris n'achète plus seulement les meilleurs joueurs. Paris sait aussi vendre très cher. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Da oggi si aprono ufficialmente gli #abbonamenti per la nuova stagione ma il clima con i tifosi è tutt'altro che sereno: basterà l'acquisto di Gonçalo Ramos per fare pace?Diventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/radio-rossonera--2355694/support.

Portugal despediu-se do Campeonato do Mundo e este é, inevitavelmente, o episódio mais difícil da nossa edição especial.O sonho terminou frente à Espanha e procuramos perceber porquê. Entre opções táticas, decisões durante o jogo e uma identidade coletiva que nunca apareceu de forma consistente, analisamos tudo o que marcou a eliminação portuguesa.Falamos do impacto da saída por lesão de Nuno Mendes, da importância que Gonçalo Ramos poderia ter tido, das decisões de Roberto Martínez e da diferença entre uma seleção recheada de talento individual e outra que voltou a mostrar porque é uma das equipas mais fortes do mundo enquanto coletivo.Olhamos também para o percurso de Portugal neste Mundial, destacamos os jogadores que mais cresceram, aqueles que ficaram abaixo das expectativas e fazemos um balanço do legado de Roberto Martínez à frente da Seleção Nacional.Fechamos com um olhar para o que resta da competição, as nossas previsões para a reta final do Mundial e uma conclusão que este torneio voltou a reforçar: o talento continua a ser fundamental, mas sem uma ideia coletiva dificilmente chega para vencer.

Il Milan accelera sul mercato per rinforzare la difesa: dopo Mario Gila con la Lazio, che dovrebbe chiudersi entro martedì, si lavora anche per Gonçalo Inácio dello Sporting Lisbona, profilo molto apprezzato e richiesto da Ruben Amorim.Diventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/radio-rossonera--2355694/support.

Mercado Flash, segunda-feira, 6 de julho. Nesta edição falamos sobre o forte interesse do Al-Ahli Jeddah, que tem Rui Pedro Braz como diretor desportivo, em Francisco Trincão, do Sporting. No Benfica, Kaminski já está em Lisboa e no futebol internacional destacamos os milhões investidos pelos clubes da Premier League, assim como o novo projeto que Bruno Lage vai liderar, como treinador principal.00:00 Introdução01:33 Francisco Trincão03:51 kochorashvili05:20 Jakub Kaminski07:32 Equi Fernández09:22 Stephen Eustáquio10:33 José Silva11:26 David Moreira12:16 Fredy13:15 Kamika14:06 Renato Marín14:31 João Gonçalves15:16 Filipe Coelho16:25 Bazoumana Touré17:16 Sandro Tonali18:08 Filipe Luís18:56 Oliver Glasner19:26 Jota Silva20:26 Bruno Lage

Ignasi Torno aconseja convertir los recuerdos en libros para que estos no caigan en el olvido. María Gonçalves Ageitos explica como los incendios benefician a los océanos. Llucia Ramis habla sobre su libro "Un metro cuadrado".

Le mercato du Paris Saint-Germain s'accélère, et le gros sujet du moment concerne l'attaque parisienne. Après le départ officiel de Gonçalo Ramos à l'AC Milan, Paris avance sur plusieurs dossiers offensifs majeurs : Yan Diomandé et Maghnes Akliouche. Le Parisien explique que le PSG a engagé les discussions pour les deux joueurs, avec un Diomandé qui ferait de Paris sa priorité et un Akliouche toujours ciblé par la direction parisienne. Mais le plus intéressant, ce n'est pas seulement de savoir si ces joueurs vont signer. Le vrai débat, c'est de comprendre ce que cela dit du projet de Luis Enrique. Le PSG ne cherche plus simplement un onze type. Le PSG veut une attaque capable de tourner, de presser, de changer de visage et de punir à tout moment. Avec Ousmane Dembélé, Khvicha Kvaratskhelia, Désiré Doué, Bradley Barcola, et potentiellement Yan Diomandé et Maghnes Akliouche, Paris pourrait avoir une densité offensive exceptionnelle. CulturePSG indique que Paris compte recruter Akliouche en plus de Diomandé, et que les deux dossiers ne seraient pas en concurrence. Cela signifie que le PSG pourrait chercher à ajouter deux profils offensifs de haut niveau dans le même mercato. Le problème, c'est que cette ambition peut aussi créer une vraie guerre des places. Si Diomandé arrive, si Akliouche arrive, que devient Bradley Barcola ? CulturePSG rapporte que son avenir, présenté comme verrouillé il y a quelques semaines, pourrait redevenir incertain, surtout si la concurrence offensive se renforce encore. Aucune décision définitive n'est prise, mais le dossier est désormais ouvert. Le départ de Gonçalo Ramos change aussi la réflexion. Paris perd un vrai numéro 9 de métier, officiellement transféré à l'AC Milan, et peut donc devoir reconstruire une partie de son secteur offensif. Mais faut-il remplacer Ramos poste pour poste ? Faut-il prendre un autre axial ? Ou Luis Enrique veut-il plutôt une attaque plus mobile, plus hybride, avec des joueurs capables d'évoluer partout ? Dans ce live Paris Central, on va donc analyser cette question : le PSG prépare-t-il l'attaque la plus terrifiante d'Europe… ou une guerre des places impossible à gérer ? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Mario Gila al Milan è una delle notizie più calde del mercato rossonero. Il club avrebbe trovato un accordo sullo stipendio con l'entourage del difensore della Lazio, ma ora deve trattare il cartellino con Claudio Lotito.In questo video analizziamo tutto il mercato Milan: Mario Gila, Fikayo Tomori, Youssouf Fofana, Warren Bondo, Gonçalo Inácio, Rafael Leão, Alphadjo Cissè, Santiago Giménez, Ardon Jashari e Adrien Rabiot.Il Milan sta davvero rifacendo la squadra? La difesa verrà rivoluzionata? Leão può essere ceduto davanti a una grande offerta? Tomori è arrivato alla fine della sua avventura rossonera?Commenta con la tua opinione.#Milan #ACMilan #MarioGila #CalciomercatoMilan #Tomori #Leao #Fofana #SerieA #ForzaMilan #Rossoneri

Rog, Rory, and Humphrey Ker are back on the bus to break down another day of footballing drama, including Portugal's stunning defeat of Croatia behind goals from Cristiano Ronaldo and Gonçalo Ramos. Is Ronaldo....back? Then, Spain makes light work of Austria, behind an impressive performance from Mikel Oyarzabal. Does Spain still have a higher gear to go into? Plus, USMNT legend Clint Dempsey joins the show to react to the American's Round of 32 victory over Bosnia and Herzegovina. How does this squad stack up against Belgium? And after Folarin Balogun's red card, which striker will take his number 9 spot?Get the “Free Balo” Cup Tee here: https://mibcourage.co/3RfYmxRCheck out the Deuce “YDKWIFD” Collection—a nod to Clint Dempsey's roots: https://mibcourage.co/4v7tdKUDaily previews and recaps of the biggest matches of the summer, delivered straight to your inbox. Subscribe to the Men in Blazers Newsletter now: https://mibcourage.co/4vEd5S9See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Welcome back to World Cup Daily #32. Day 22 of the World Cup 2026 is officially in the books. Today, Shaq is joined by Artyom to break down a thrilling three-game schedule, calculating the tactical evolution of the knockout bracket while navigating high-stakes tournament pressure.The Spanish Blueprint: Spain moves into the round of 16 after putting on a commanding 3-0 demolition against Austria. Marc Cucurella was absolutely magnificent out wide, registering two crucial assists. Mikel Oyarzabal proved his clinical number nine efficiency by netting a beautiful low brace , while Alex Baena and Dani Olmo pulled the creative strings in midfield. We praise Spain's ability to slowly build momentum like true championship contenders.The 94th-Minute Portuguese Escape: Portugal books a massive round-of-16 date with Spain after a dramatic 2-1 victory over a resilient Croatia. After Ivan Perišić struck a counter-attacking opener for Croatia , Cristiano Ronaldo converted a crucial penalty to net his first-ever World Cup knockout stage goal. In the 94th minute of stoppage time, substitute Gonçalo Ramos headed home a lethal winner to break Croatian hearts. We discuss Croatia's absolute heartbreak of having three separate goals disallowed by VAR.Underrating the Swiss: Switzerland ends decades of knockout pain by defeating Algeria 2-0. 20-year-old rising star Johan Manzambi completely terrorized the flank channels before Dan Ndoye swept home a clinical second-half finish. We evaluate Switzerland's solid, highly organized team system.⏱️ MID-SHOW HYDRATION BREAK

As novidades sobre a indústria dos videojogos, análises aos jogos do momento, retrogaming, os temas de fundo e até um quiz musical sobre videojogos. Com Pedro Moreira Dias, Élio Salsinha, Rui Gonçalves e Gonçalo Santos.

Neste episódio Gabi Idealli e Andreia D'Oliveira nos apresentam uma vila marcada por ausências e a sobrevivência através de afetos improváveis vividos por personagens que reinventam o significado de família, todos criados por Valter Hugo Mãe em seu prosaico-poético "O filho de mil homens". Entre homens que desejam ser pais, mulheres que carregam dores invisíveis e encontros que parecem obra do acaso, discutimos como a narrativa constrói, pouco a pouco, uma comunidade de afetos onde antes só havia vazio e silêncios. Deixe-se levar pelos sonhos e vem ouvir! Comentados no Episódio O Bairro, conjunto de textos de Gonçalo M. Tavares Histórias Falsas, coletânea de contos de Gonçalo M. Tavares Vamos Comprar um Poeta, novela de Afonso Cruz A Intrusa romance de Júlia Lopes de Almeida A cabeça do santo romance de Socorro Acioli O quarto de despejo autobiografia de Carolina Maria de Jesus Zona de Interesse (2023 ‧ Guerra/Drama ‧ 1h 45m) de Jonathan Glazer 2666 de romance Roberto Bolaño Putas Assassinas coletânea de contos de Roberto Bolaño O Ano de 1985 (2018 ‧ Drama/LGBT ‧ 1h 25m) EntreLinhas - Valter Hugo Mãe e Daniel Rezende (episódio 187 | 21/11/2025)

Tutto facile come ordinare un drink al bar: Norvegia e Francia vanno sul sicuro con i colpi vincenti dei loro bomber Haaland e Mbappé e volano agli ottavi insieme al Messico che continua a vincere a rete inviolata. Ne parliamo con l'ex giocatore e talent DAZN Alessandro Budel.Dopo l'ingaggio del tecnico Amorim, guarda caso, il primo grande colpo da 70 milioni del Milan è il portoghese Gonçalo Ramos, anche lui della scuderia di Jorge Mendes: è il potente agente di calciatori che comanda il mercato dei rossoneri per conto di Cardinale? Carlo&Carlo lo chiedono al procuratore Andrea D'Amico.

In questo Podcast parliamo di:

Dopo l'ufficializzazione di Gonçalo Ramos il Milan si concentra sulla difesa: il sogno è van Dijk, Gonçalo Inacio la pista più concreta.Diventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/radio-rossonera--2355694/support.

Le mercato du Paris Saint-Germain est ouvert, mais le premier grand chantier parisien ne concerne peut-être pas les arrivées. Avant de parler d'un nouveau milieu, d'un attaquant, d'un ailier ou d'un gros coup offensif, le PSG doit d'abord clarifier l'avenir de plusieurs joueurs importants ou valorisables. Lee Kang-in, Randal Kolo Muani, Gonçalo Ramos et Gabriel Moscardo figurent aujourd'hui parmi les dossiers susceptibles d'animer le début du mercato parisien. Lee Kang-in intéresserait désormais la Juventus, en plus de l'Atlético de Madrid. Le Sud-Coréen reste un joueur polyvalent, apprécié dans la rotation et capable d'occuper plusieurs positions, mais il n'a jamais totalement installé sa place dans le onze de Luis Enrique. Avec plusieurs clubs intéressés, Paris pourrait être confronté à un choix difficile : garder un excellent joueur de complément ou profiter de sa valeur marchande. Le dossier Randal Kolo Muani reste lui aussi particulièrement complexe. De retour d'un prêt à Tottenham, l'attaquant français demeure associé à la Juventus. La presse italienne a même évoqué la possibilité d'un échange ou d'une opération valorisée autour de 40 millions d'euros. Le PSG doit désormais trouver une solution qui lui permette de récupérer une partie significative de son investissement sans prolonger encore l'incertitude autour du joueur. L'avenir de Gonçalo Ramos pourrait également agiter l'été. Plusieurs clubs sont cités parmi les prétendants potentiels du buteur portugais, et certaines sources affirment qu'il serait désormais ouvert à un départ pour obtenir un rôle plus important. Mais son efficacité, son attitude et son rôle de remplaçant capable de changer un match restent précieux pour Paris. Le vendre pourrait rapporter une somme importante, mais obligerait aussi probablement le PSG à recruter un autre attaquant. Il y a enfin le cas Gabriel Moscardo. Après son prêt à Braga, le jeune milieu brésilien ne semble toujours pas disposer d'une place évidente dans l'effectif professionnel. Un nouveau prêt est envisagé, mais certains observateurs pensent qu'il pourrait être évalué pendant la préparation estivale avant qu'une décision définitive ne soit prise. Le paradoxe est clair : le PSG possède un effectif extrêmement fort, mais aussi plusieurs joueurs de qualité qui pourraient être frustrés par leur statut. Paris doit-il vendre pour récupérer un pactole et ouvrir de nouvelles places ? Ou faut-il conserver un banc très profond pour continuer à dominer toutes les compétitions ? Dans ce live Paris Central, nous allons analyser : pourquoi le mercato parisien peut commencer par les départs ; le futur de Lee Kang-in ; le dossier Kolo Muani avec la Juventus ; l'avenir de Gonçalo Ramos ; le cas Gabriel Moscardo ; les sommes que Paris pourrait récupérer ; les risques sportifs d'un banc affaibli ; et les postes qui pourraient ensuite être renforcés. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Jorge #Mendes sta gestendo il #calciomercato del #milan. Chi arriverà dopo Gonçalo Ramos in rossonero? Telefonate in diretta dei tifosi Diventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/radio-rossonera--2355694/support.

durée : 00:04:24 - Gonçalo Ramos ne joue pas beaucoup pendant cette Coupe du Monde et prépare son avenir. Ramos devrait quitter le PSG cet été, une offre de 74 millions d'Euros (+ bonus) pour un joueur clé dans la conquête de plusieurs titres du Paris Saint-Germain. Vous aimez ce podcast ? Pour écouter tous les épisodes sans limite, rendez-vous sur Radio France

L'aventure parisienne de Gonçalo Ramos s'achève. L'attaquant portugais était au coeur de rumeurs de transferts, qui l'envoyaient notamment à l'Atlético de Madrid ou de l'AC Milan. Ce sera l'Italie. Selon nos informations, le PSG a trouvé un accord avec le club de Serie A, qui va donc signer le joueur pour un montant autour de 70 millions d'euros bonus inclus. Une information qui fait réagir Jérôme Rothen.    

In questo Podcast parliamo di:

As novidades sobre a indústria dos videojogos, análises aos jogos do momento, retrogaming, os temas de fundo e até um quiz musical sobre videojogos. Com Pedro Moreira Dias, Élio Salsinha, Rui Gonçalves e Gonçalo Santos.

We've looked at several different members of the court during the reign of Uno no Sarara, aka Jitou Tennou.  Today we start to look at her life, who she was, and what she did.  In this first part we'll touch on some of her big accomplishments, including building the Fujiwara capital, patronage of Ise Shrine, and even the publication of the Kiyomihara law code.   For more, check out the podcast blogpost:  https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/episode-152   Rough Transcript: Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua, and this is episode 152: Queen Uno no Sarara, Part 1 It was rare that something would pull people from the fields at the height of the season, but it wasn't every day that people of Iga had the opportunity to watch a true royal procession.  They gathered on either side of the street as the parade passed through town.  There were horses and carts, but also just numerous men carrying various bags and provisions.  There were also military guards, decked out in their finest—just in case anyone got any ideas.  There were also various nobles and government officials, riding with her.  The outfits and color would have been striking, particular to those who had little business with the court.  And at the height of it all was a covered palanquin.  Nobody could see the royal presence inside through the screens, though later they would talk about getting a peek of her hair or her robes.  It didn't matter, the procession itself was enough of a spectacle for all to see. Not everyone was pleased.  A few of the more dour elders complained about how much of a disruption and a distraction it was.  They would at least be somewhat mollified by the news that, for enduring the disruption, they would at least get a break on their taxes that year.  The procession was headed east, to the land of Ise.  Apparently they were going to pay their respects at the shrine there.  Did you know that it was dedicated to the ancestor of the royal family itself?  The actual sun goddess herself, Amaterasu.  Some of the elders shook their heads.  They remembered when everyone had been focused on Mt. Miwa, to the west.  And what about this Buddha that had shown up from overseas?  There were temples to him popping up all over the place.  They weren't so sure about all of this, but they knew their local kami and their local priests, who helped with the local harvests, and that was enough for them.  The court and their fancy learning could figure out what the country needed, but they were going to stay focused on the day to day, instead. Here we are, in the reign of Uno no Sarara, widow of Ohoama and mother to the late Prince Kusakabe, known to history as Jitou Tennou.  We've actually been in Uno's reign for several episodes now, but while we've talked about how that reign began and the roles a lot of other people played in that beginning, this episode I would finally like to start focusing on her—who she was, where she came from, and what she did.  Since that covers a lot of ground, we are going to cover some of her history up to this reign, and we'll be mostly focusing on two major updates—the creation of the new capital of Fujiwara, aka Fujiwara-kyou, and the increased royal patronage of Ise, which is thought to have been responsible for the ascendancy of Amaterasu as the paramount kami of the pantheon of Shinto kami. So let's start at the very beginning. It is traditionally held that Uno no Sarara was born around 645 to Naka no Oe and Soga no Ochi no Iratsume.  Ochi was the daughter of Soga no Kurayamada no Ishikawa no Maro, cousin to the powerful Soga no Iruka.  Naka no Oe's marriage to Ochi no Iratsume and her sister, Mehi no Iratsume, had been part of a strategic alliance with Ishikawa no Maro, who helped him overthrow his cousins and institute the Taika Reforms.  We talked about all of that back in Episode 106, as well as subsequent podcasts after that covering the next several reigns. So 645 is about the earliest Uno no Sarara may have been born, the very start of the Taika era, when her father began instituting a lot of changes based on continental practices. She would have grown up in the inner buildings of the Asuka court during this  time of immense change.  She was probably a bit young when the Toyosaki palace was first built, though she may have remembered when the court abandoned it and moved back to Asuka.  Unfortunately, when she was only five years old, tragedy struck.  Ishikawa no Maro, who had been made the Udaijin, or Minister of the Right, was slandered by his own brother, Soga no Himuka, and in return, Naka no Oe sent a force to have him punished.  When he saw he could not get away, Uno no Sarara's grandfather, Ishikawa no Maro, took his own life.  The Nihon Shoki—written, I should note, at least partly under the direction of Maro's granddaughter—claims that evidence came to light demonstrating his innocence, and he was posthumously exonerated.  Maro's daughter, Miyatsuko no Iratsume, was so saddened by all of this that we are told she died of a broken heart. Miyatsuko no Iratsume appears to be another name for Ochi no Iratsume, and if so, it would mean that Uno no Sarara lost both her mother and grandfather when she was only five years old due to the actions of her own father.  This sounds to me like it should be some kind of villain origin story. From there, she was likely taken care of by her aunts and other women in the palace, at least until 657.  It was about that time, at the age of 13, that she was married off to her uncle, Prince Ohoama. We don't have a precise age for Ohoama, but he was likely no more than 5 years younger than Uno's father, Naka no Oe, and some estimates suggest he was in his late 20s or early 30s, taking to wife his 13 year old niece. I can't help but think, here, of the Heian period novel, the Tale of Genji, where the titular character, Genji, finds Lady Murasaki and marries her at the age of 10.  Uno no Sarara would have grown up in her uncle-husband's home, and she was still young when the entire realm was placed on a war footing.When the court moved to Kyushu in 661 for the prosecution of the war on the continent, Uno no Sarara went with her husband, and a year later gave birth to their son, Prince Kusakabe.  She was probably about 18 years old at the time.   I suspect that means She  probably knew about her grandmother, Takara Hime, passing away, something that the inner circle of the royal family had attempted to keep relatively quiet for fear of disrupting the war effort.   Soon after her own son was born, news came back that the forces on the continent had lost.  Baekje had fallen, and Yamato could be next.  She would have traveled with her husband and the rest of the court back to Asuka and, eventually, up to Ohotsu, where her father now ruled with his brother as his right-hand man and heir to the throne. At this time, Uno no Sarara was no stranger to politics.  While her husband was in line for the throne, she knew that her brothers were also potential claimants, once they came of age. The Nihon Shoki disqualifies them through their parentage, but we see that didn't stop the Afumi court from rallying behind Prince Ohotomo.  There was also the royal princes Kawashima and Shiki.  Prince Takeru would have technically been a potential threat as well, had he not died, tragically, at only eight years of age. Now, technically, some may have been more in line than others, but Uno no Sarara knew how her own father had jumped the line, displacing her late uncle, Furubito no Oe, and it was clear something similar might happen this time around.  There were also likely a few indications that not everything was great between her father and her husband, although you would hardly know it from the number of her siblings that were also residing in the north chambers of his residence. Things came to a head in 671.  At this point, Uno no Sarara was in her late 20s with a 10 year old son, and it was looking, for a moment, like her father, despite his illness, might have Ohoama killed to pave the way for Naka no Oe's own son, Uno's brother, Ohotomo.  When Ohoama surprised everyone and stepped down, taking the tonsure, she was the only one to follow him.  We don't know if this is because she was that loyal to her husband, or because she had no other options.  If her mother had taken her own life after her grandfather's death, she may have had nobody but her father, Naka no Oe, to turn to, and he was clearly doing poorly.  If she stayed, then she would be relying on the goodwill of Prince Ohotomo and others while looking after the nine year old son and heir of Ohoama, who was clearly persona non grata at court. In contrast, one of Ohoama's other consorts, Munakata no Amago no Iratsume would have had the Munakata family to fall back on, should she need it, and her son, Prince Takechi, was a bit older.  In addition, Uno's  sister, Ohota no Himemiko had passed away earlier, in 667, and it is unclear who cared for her son, Prince Ohotsu, who was only a year younger than Uno's son, Kusakabe.  However, he, too, appears to have remained at the Afumi court with his caretakers. So Uno no Sarara went to Yoshino with her husband.  From this point on, Yoshino would become an important place for her, and during her own reign she would frequently make visits to the palace there, sometimes just for a couple of days at a time. After Naka no Oe's death, and the entire conflict of the Jinshin no Ran that kicked off in 672, Uno stayed by her husband's side.  She and Kusakabe made the incredible overnight journey from Yoshino to the other side of the Kii Peninsula, eventually setting up in Mie.  Ohoama would continue on towards Fuwa pass, where his son Takechi was already stationed with loyal soldiers.  Before that, however, he is mentioned as turning towards Ise—towards Amaterasu.  The implication seems to be that he was praying for victory.  It is also notable that a large part of his support was coming from the East and from areas around Ise. Little is mentioned of Uno's role in the record of the Jinshin no Ran, but in the opening to her reign there is a mention that she addressed the troops and mingled with the throng, until at last they formed a plan.  This seems to indicate that she was involved in the planning, at least, for the prosecution of the war.  On the one hand she was placed well behind the front lines.  On the other hand, she was well positioned to assist with logistics.  Troops and supplies from the north could come down and be redirected to the south depending on what was needed, and communications would likely be more secure through that area fully controlled by Ohoama's troops.  It is easy enough to imagine Uno no Sarara taking a role, even if it isn't explicitly mentioned.  The fact that she is mentioned as much as she is suggests to me that she had plenty to contribute to the war effort. As the war of 672 came to a close, Ohoama had to move from a war footing to one of peacetime governance.  As he ascended to the throne in 673, Uno no Sarara was made his queen.  And in light of the recent issues, Ohoama appears to have leaned heavily on her and other members of the royal family for support. And so Uno no Sarara was not just a delicate flower sitting in the hinter palace, waiting on her husband.  She was an active participant in the government.  When Ohoama called the various princes down to Yoshino and had them swear to uphold and support each other, she was included in their number.  And the Chronicles explicitly mention that when the princes swore to uphold each other, Ohoama swore he would also support them, and then Uno no Sarara made her oath like his.  That is interesting in that she isn't included in the five princes, but rather with the sovereign, her husband.  It appears she approached this from the point of view of a ruler already.  Or perhaps she was not considered to be in the line of succession, and the focus was on upholding the various princes.  Either way, we see how that eventually turned out. Later, when starting the project for what is believed to be the Kiyomihara codes, she was seated on the dais with her husband, indicating that she certainly was involved in various matters of state.  She also gave and received presents from the various nobles, including suits of clothing, gold, and more.  When Ohoama grew ill, and could not carry out the functions of the government alone, he deferred matters to her and to the Crown Prince, presumably meaning her son, Prince Kusakabe. Now Kusakabe is recorded as being made Crown Prince, and thus heir to the throne, however, it has also been suggested that this might not have been the case.  Some have suggested that Prince Ohotsu may have been the actual Crown Prince, and that he wasn't plotting against Kusakabe and his mother, but rather it was the other way around, with Uno no Sarara clearing him off the field to make room for her son. Ohotsu, remember, was the son of Ohoama by way of Ohota-hime, who was a full sister to Uno no Sarara.  That meant that, from a strict bloodline perspective, Ohotsu had just as much of a claim to the throne as did Kusakabe, but Kusakabe was a year older—or so the Nihon Shoki, compiled under the reign of Uno and her successors, would have us believe.  We are also told that Uno was formally designated as Ohoama's queen—but again we have that from the Nihon Shoki, which is more than a little bit biased.   Personally, I feel this theory that Uno no Sarara plotted to have Ohotsu removed without anything else stretches some of what we know, but it does illustrate that Uno no Sarara had a vested interest in ensuring that the crown went to her own progeny.  I'd be more inclined to believe that there was some movement a foot, even if it was perhaps not quite as treasonous as the response to it would warrant. And this catches us up with much of what we know.  Ohotsu was executed, but then Kusakabe passed away, and so Queen Uno no Sarara became Tennou in her own right.  Things hadn't gone exactly to plan, but she still had her grandson, Prince Karu, the late Kusakabe's son, whose mother, Princess Abe, was a younger-half sister to Uno no Sarara.  Abe was the daughter of Naka no Oe and Mehi no Iratsume, making Abe another grand-daughter of Soga no Kuramayada no Ishikawa no Maro.  She was also 17 years Sarara's junior and only a year older than the late Kusakabe.  By all accounts, it seems that Abe and Sarara got on well together, though she is not as prominent in the narrative that we have in the Nihon Shoki.  Still, she had an important role, not in terms of governance, but in terms of ensuring that the line continued.  She was in charge or protecting and raising young Prince Karu until he was ready to take the throne.  In so doing, she would no doubt have had a front row seat to Queen Uno's own efforts. Since Uno no Sarara had already been so involved with the government, it should come as no surprise that she continued many of the efforts attributed to her husband.  In fact, you'll often find references to Temmu and Jitou side-by-side to describe what happened because very few things can be attributed to just one of the two, especially given how long some of these projects seem to have taken.  That said, there were some differences.  While Ohoama, aka Temmu Tennou, had relied primarily on members of the royal family following the Jinshin no Ran, Uno was much more likely to rely on trusted nobles, whose position at court was largely held thanks to the patronage of the royal family.  Having nobles running things again, rather than handing over power to those of the Princely class, may have provided opportunities for those noble houses to once again flex and grow their political muscle, but it was either that or hand that same power over to other princes with claims to royal descent—princes who might encourage the court that it would better if they, themselves, were to succeed the Queen, rather than the young prince, her own actual bloodline.  Even the loyal Prince Takechi, who seems to have supported her and Prince Karu as best he could, could easily have become a threat.  This could be one of the reasons she held on to power as long she did.  It was, after all, a deliberate choice on her part.  She could have had someone else step in as regent, but she chose not to. We've talked about Uno's dealings with Silla and the continent at this time. That was back in Episode 148, when we talked about how Ohoama was mourned and how Yamato dealt with the early missions.  We discussed, thenhow she berated the Silla envoys for not adhering to protocol and turning them away.  She also met with Emishi and Hayato embassies, which only helped to cement Yamato's place as the central hegemony over the archipelago and all those living on the islands.  At first, this was just an extension of what she and Kusakabe had been doing since Ohoama had first grown ill and handed over the reins of government.  But then Kusakabe died—and life went on.  Later, Kusakabe would be remembered as Okanomiya Tennou and the Nagaoka Tennou.  While not counted in the formal lineage, he was still granted the title "Tennou" posthumously, likely to help legitimize his son and that lineage.  And yet, despite this, there is no report of a eulogy or anything similar upon his death.  Even Royal Prince Ohotsu, when he was killed for threatening Kusakabe's own ascendance, is given a fairly wordy entry full of praise for his virtues and how he was remember.  For Kusakabe we get silence.  Things just move on. Indeed, just two weeks after the Crown Prince's death, we get orders talking about given people four holidays each month.  It seems a rather banal announcement coming the same week that the Crown Prince passed away. And banal it may be, but I do want to pick at it a bit.  I think it helps us understand even more the life at that time.  In most of the world, today, we have become accustomed to the western concept of a week with seven days, including two holidays every week—though we just refer to it as the weekend.  Saturday and Sunday began as holy days—the Sabbath in Jewish and then Christian tradition.  Even Judaism only had a single day of rest every seven days.  Many cultures did not have the concept of a weekend.  After all, there wasn't anything particularly special about one day or the other.  A lunar month is just under 30 days—alternating between 29 and 30 days depending on various factors.  Five would fit into that much better than four seven day weeks and two more days.  Or divide it into two 15 day periods, more or less.  Or three weeks of ten days each.  In fact, that is what was popular in the Tang dynasty at the time—though a seven day week had crept in through Buddhism, which had been picked up on the Indian subcontinent thanks to Hellenic influences.  This seven day week, which is now used in modern times, was originally used more by astronomers.  The days corresponded to the Sun, the Moon, and the visible planets. The point is, there's no such thing as a natural weekend.  At some point, the Tang court introduced a rest period every five days for court officials.  In Yamato, it seems that they introduced four holidays.  Specifically, the local governors were to give laborers—those conscripted as corvee labor—four days every month.  It doesn't mention if they are spaced out, or at what intervals, and it was specifically for laborers.  I should probably also mention that, at this time, there wasn't a concept of a "9-to-5" job.  Sure, the court operated on a schedule that may have fit fairly well in our modern life, other than its extremely early start due to the lack of cheap, safe artificial light sources.  Most people, however, especially in the agricultural sectors, were likely working from sunrise to sunset, when necessary.  There was no concept of overtime or a forty hour work week.  You worked when you needed to work, and that was it.  No time cards, just life, punctuated by holidays, festivals, market days, and whatever else needed to happen.  Oddly, in our modern, more regular work schedule we work both more and less, in some ways, than our ancestors did.   Our labor often goes into things beyond our job—everything from taking care of our home to various hobbies that we enjoy. Giving laborers time off from their endeavors was no doubt something they appreciated, but I don't know how much of an impact it had on things long term.  A more interesting endeavor comes a few months later.  That is when Uno had a royal commission come together as commissioners of "good words".  We mentioned this before, especially when talking about Kose no Tayasu, who had been part of this commission, though he was the lowest ranked of the bunch.  At the top it was headed by Prince Shiki, a half-brother to Uno, and one of those who had pledged his loyalty with other members of the royal family down in Yoshino, though at the time Shiki was only about 11 years old.  He was the son of Koshi no Michi no Kimi no Iratsume, and a brother to Prince Osakabe.  In 689, when he took charge of this commission from his half-sister, he would have been in his 22nd year, so this was probably one of his first major assignments. We don't have a finished product that we can point to from this project, so there isn't a clear idea of exactly what the commission did.  Aston believed that they were attempting to determine auspicious words to be used by the court.  By this one could infer that they were looking into the way to draw up formal language for edicts, or how to formally address the sovereign and members of the court.  However, others have suggested that this was more about finding stories and other such things and writing them down.  If that is the case, this may have been a continuation of—or perhaps an addendum to—the history project started during the reign of Ohoama.  The words, or stories, that the commission wrote down were likely used by later Chroniclers, though there is no specific work that is clearly attributed to their efforts.  So in the end we can't exactly know for sure.  What we can see is that Uno no Sarara was continuing to make tweaks and changes to things—and in particular in how things were stated, remembered, and passed down to posterity, one way or another.  This is also part of what we see later that same month, when the 22 books of what we now call the Kiyomihara Law Codes were also published.  Like the history project, this was also begun during the reign of Ohoama, and Uno had continued to see it through.  It appears to have been just the law itself, not necessarily the punishments which made up the other half of the Ritsuryou, but it is still significant.  Unfortunately, we don't know exactly what was in it—the earliest law code that we have good evidence for is the Taihou code, which would come over a decade later—but we have seen some of the edicts and orders and we can make some assumptions based on later law codes as well as the language used to even define the court and how things ran.  Much of what was written had likely been promulgated, previously, and a lot of this may have been more documenting the changes they had already put in place. There is also the Afumi law code, but there are even more questions about that one.  This is possibly the first one written down to this level of detail.  Though it would be superseded, later, it was still an impressive work. As in past reigns, we see things both monumental and mundane.  A month after the law codes were finished, we see about orders to the Mayors of the Left and Right to set up places for Archery—literally glossed as "Ikusa", or "war", but likely because the two had a common root and archery and war were closely intertwined.  As for the Mayors of the Left and Right, this is the first time we are seeing those terms, and I suspect they are also part of the reforms that Uno no Sarara and her late husband had been implementing. The Mayors of the Left and Right of the Capital are known as Kyoushiki or, alternatively, as Misato-zukasa.  They were like kokushi, or governors, except they oversaw the capital city.  Now remember, the quote-unquote "capital city" in use at this point is Asuka—it is the Kiyomihara palace and environs.  There were other streets, buildings, and such around, but nothing terribly organized.  Most family estates were off in their own lands or strongholds.  At the same time, the court was building out a new, permanent capital.  It was taking time—and likely had been put on hold during the three year mourning period for the late Ohoama Ohokimi.  It required that they survey and transform an immense and populated area into a new and impressive capital in the area known today as Kashihara.  This work took years—they likely had to divert labor to build the late sovereign's mausoleum, or misasagi, and there were droughts and other reasons why they may have had to pause work.  And yet, it continued, nonetheless. The main ideal for a capital city was based off of continental models.  While Luoyang may have been the more active capital, the western capital of the Tang dynasty, at Chang'an—modern Xi'an—appears to have been a more quintessential capital city layout, and may have been what the Yamato capital was attempting to mimic—though they may have also been relying on the theoretical Confucian model, as well.  In fact, I tend to think that the Confucian model was closer to this first attempt at a permanent capital.  Early on, excavations assumed that the palace structures were towards the northern end of the city, but further investigations have suggested that the scale of Fujiwara-kyo was much more ambitious, and some maps of the area place the palace towards the center of the city.  Either way, there were several key things about the capital and how it mimicked the continental models.  One of the primary things that Yamato had appropriated from across the strait was the north-south orientation of the palace, with the main audience hall facing south, so as to get the sun.  This meant that, from the point of view of the sovereign in that hall, the left side would be the east and the right side would be to the west.  And so the capital city was divided into a left and right, east and west, and each half had its own administrator responsible for taxation, public safety, and general law and order.  They were, as I said, similar to the governors of the various provinces in the scope of their powers, except that they oversaw the capital city. The building of the Fujiwara capital is perhaps one of the most obvious changes that Uno no Sarara was overseeing.  As I've mentioned before, it was a physical manifestation of court.  The three sacred mountains which were included within the boundaries of the capital were woven into the myths and legends that would find their way into the Nihon Shoki and the Kojiki.  The size and scale of the earthworks and the stones laid as foundation demonstrate that this was clearly meant to be a permanent capital, overturning the idea that there would be a huge change every time a sovereign passed away.  Instead, there would be consistency.  The order of the state would go on. Later we'll talk about reasons why the Fujiwara capital was abandoned.  For now, though, let's look at what we see about its construction. In 690, the same year that Uno ascended to the throne, Royal Prince Takechi, Ohoama's oldest son, inspected the site where the new Fujiwara palace was to be placed.  Two months later, Uno no Sarara came out to see it for herself.  I imagine this as being the point where the land had been cleared, and they could see the mountains and the placement and get an idea of the overall size of what they were looking for.  With royal approval, the project continued. A year later, in 691, officials were sent to perform the Chin-sai, the pacification ceremony, for the new capital.  Today, this is a common ceremony, known as a Jichin-sai, or Earth Pacification Ceremony, done before undertaking a construction project.  Theoretically it is before breaking ground on the project, though there is often some amount of preparation that has to be done in preparation.  The idea for the Jichin-sai is to effectively negotiate with the spirits of the land before disturbing the area, a recognition that the process of construction is going to alter the natural landscape.  As such, one wants to propitiate the spirits and the kami that are on the land to ensure that the construction is successful.  This was likely a much older ritual, but this is the first mention we have of it in the record.  This ceremony was also apparently directed at the new capital as a whole, while a year later another ceremony was held specifically for the new palace complex.  In the intervening time we see the court laying out the roads and giving land for the various mansions of court nobles, like Tajihi no Shima's four chou of land—roughly ten acres.  Those of Jikikwoni rank and above were given two chou, and those from Jikidaisan down were given one chou.  Those of Gon rank on down would get land dependant on the number of inhabitants in their fiefs.  First class fiefs would get one chou, while second class would warrant a half chou and at the bottom they would get one quarter chou.  This was apparently the land that they were being given in the capital to build their personal residences.  Other land was given out for markets, temples, and other necessary facilities, but this whole city really was being built from scratch. Shortly after the pacification ceremony for the palace, officials were sent out to the major shrines of the time.  This included the great gods, the Ohokami, of Ise, Yamato, Sumiyoshi, and Kii.  So not just the local kami, but also the larger kami who were seen as the kami of the archipelago more generally. It would still take another year to build the palace.  Uno visited the site a few times during the construction, with her last visit just a quick outing on the 8th month of 693.  At that point it was likely ready, though she wouldn't formally move into the new palace until the first month of 694.  Before that, though, there was one other thing that had to happen.  In the 2nd month of 693 they had to rebury the bodies. That's right.  The Fujiwara capital occupied a huge swath of the plain of what is now known as Kashihara.  And that plain had been settled for centuries—all through the kofun period.  And those kofun, and possibly even older funkyubo, the older mixed-use burial mounds—would have been destroyed in the making of the new capital.  There also may have been plain pit burials that were dug up while laying out roads and foundations.  I don't know that there was anything approaching the size of the larger, keyhole shaped mounds, but we have no way to know for certain how many were there that had to be destroyed or moved.  I also have not seen any indications of any mass reburial site—whether they opened an existing tomb or simply dug a pit in the ground somewhere.  I imagine that such a find would be incredible, but unless archaeologists stumble upon it, I guess we'll never know.  Still, it is interesting, and almost poetic as we move further and further from the kofun period, this feels like the final nail in the proverbial coffin, if you'll forgive the pun.  Indeed, when Uno no Sarara finally passes away, she will become one of the first sovereigns to be cremated, with her ashes and burnt remains then deposited in the existing tomb with her husband, Ohoama, rather than having a new mounded tomb built.  Buddhist style cremation would eventually become commonplace throughout the archipelago, though sovereigns would still have special mausoleums built for their memory, it really was a change from the ancient practices. From 694 onward, the court would meet at the new Fujiwara Palace.  Compared to previous palaces, I can only imagine how impressive this one must have seemed.  Based on what we can tell, it was likely built much more in the continental style.  Previous palaces had largely been in the style of the archipelago, with what we believe was plain wood and a thatched roof.  The Fujiwara palace was likely a mix, but with more of the continental style than the previous Kiyomihara place.  It also dwarfed its predecessor, at over twice the size.  It was actually much closer in size and shape to the Toyosaki palace, in Naniwa.  At the southern end of the palace was the Suzaku mon, the Suzaku gate, followed by the choshu-den'in, a courtyard with two buildings, one in the east and one in the west, where officials could wait and prepare for the day.  From there they would be let into the Chodoin, a large court yard with four buildings on the east and west, and four more at the southernmost point.  These would be where the various departments, or bureaus, would operate.  There were also gates in the east and west of the Chodoin for easier access.  To the north was another gate, leading to the Daigokuden, the main audience hall.  This would have been quite the impressive and imposing structure—the main focus of the palace.  It was in its own walled enclosure, and would have been the seat of the sumera Mikoto, or Tennou.  It was both inside and apart from the Dairi, the inner palace.  This was the actual residence of the sovereign and the royal family.  The dairi itself occupied more land than the entire Kiyomihara palace.  None of the buildings exist, but we can see their footprint from the large foundation stones and there are numerous rooftiles and other architectural features that fell off or were removed and then buried, purposefully or not, allowing us to get some idea of the size and scale of the project. And yet, it appears that this palace may not have been completed when they moved in.  The entire city was likely still under construction, in fact.  The main pieces were in place, but to build an entire city from scratch took a lot of work.  Most of the buildings would have been built with more traditional—and less labor intensive—practices.  You didn't need a false second story gallery some thirty feet off the ground, even if you were the Minister of the Right.  It was enough to have a relatively simple mansion with gardens, servants quarters, and everything else needed to keep you comfortable.  That in and of itself was going to put a strain on labor and other resources. And so it looks like some parts of the galleries and other features may not have been finished even while Uno no Sarara was there.  In fact, it may not have been fully finished by the time they moved again.  The Fujiwara capital, the first permanent capital city, was only occupied from 694 until about 710—less than two decades.  This massive project, taking multiple years and how many people to create, would be abandoned several years later.  The buildings would be torn down and moved to the new site—Heijou-kyou, in modern Nara city.  And yet, the impact of Fujiwara kyou would remain. Besides making changes to the physical landscape, Uno no Sarara was also focused on the spiritual landscape as well.  Both Ohoama and Uno not only supported the Buddhist temples, building new temples and leveraging the ceremonies, but they also supported the traditional kami.  During the Jinshin no Ran, Ohoama turned and addressed the kami of Ise before heading to the Fuwa barrier.  Later we see a greater focus on Ise Shrine, with Saigu, the royal princesses sent to Ise Shrine as the Shrine priestess, being heavily reported.  In fact, the position seems to have not been commented on much until this reign, and there is some thought that Ohoama and Uno actually instituted the practice—or at least made it a formal part of the court and the royal household.  This is combined with their support of the Jingikan, the state governmental body responsible for dealing with kami matters.  At this time it appears to have been even more powerful, in many ways, than the other bureaus or departments of the Great Council of State, the Dajokan. There are plenty who argue that the preeminence of Ise was born in this period.  Early Yamato worship focused more on the deity of Mt. Miwa:  Ohomononushi.  Sun worship seems to have also been baked into the rituals of the ethnic Wa people, but that wasn't necessarily focused on Amaterasu—and Amaterasu was not necessarily seen as a feminine goddess.  Early worship appears to focus on the deities such as Takabi Musubi, and similarly named deities.  These are deities that show up in court ritual, and presumably date back to well before this period.  Thanks to the fact that we get alternate stories in the Nihon Shoki, we occasionally see them take a more central role in events, such as the descent of the Heavenly Grandson, but at the same time we also see that the main throughline of the Nihon Shoki and the Kojiki has placed Amaterasu more front and center in the narrative.  Ama Terasu effectively translates to something like "The Shining of Heaven".  In neither the Japanese nor Sinitic language is she particularly gendered most of the time, and this may have been a more generic name for the concept of a sun deity.   I believe it is also somewhat telling that the Ichi-no-miya, the First Shrine, or primary shrine, of Ise is not Ise Shrine, but rather Tsubaki Grand Shrine, which is the home of Sarutahiko Ohokami.  Even in the Nihon Shoki, there is a narrative regarding the yata no kagami, the great mirror, that it was moved from its original location in the Nara Basin over to Ise and the shrine was then established there, marking the shrine as a relative late-comer to the region rather than marking a particularly ancient spot.  The Great Kami of Ise then appears to have taken on some of the shine, pun intended, of Sarutahiko, who is no longer seen as a sun-deity, and is even placed in the way of the Heavenly Grandchild's descent—perhaps a subtle nod to some of the tensions between the worship of one over the other. Besides sending the Shrine Princess, the Saigu, to Ise, the sovereigns themselves made plans to go, in person.  Ohoama made preparations, including purifying himself, but his trip was cancelled due to a sudden death in the palace.  He is never recorded as making the trip, after that.  Uno no Sarara, however, did make the trip, in 692. This was clearly quite the production, and requires several entries in the Nihon Shoki.  The first entry is in the 2nd month of the year, when she makes her intentions clear.  The Court officials were set to task to prepare all the necessary clothing for the trip, which was about 3 weeks out.  This likely also meant preparing the road, ensuring that there would be food, and a place for Uno no Sarara and her entourage to stay when they reached Ise.  The preparations clearly had an impact, as Miwa no Ason no Takechimaro, a Chunagon, or Middle Counselor, presented a memorial to remonstrate with her majesty on the trip.  He noted that they were in the middle of the agricultural season—roughly April or May by modern standards—and a royal trip would have an outsized impact on the areas where she would be traveling through.  His remonstration was heard, and overruled.  Uno no Sarara was determined to go.  As she delegated the Prince Hirose, Tahema no Mabito no Chitoko, and Ki no Ason no Yumibari to all look after the palace while she was away, Miwa no Takechimaro reiterated his remonstration and then took a drastic step:  He offered to her his cap—basically he offered to resign his rank.  This was quite the step, and not from nobody. Miwa no Takechimaro was from a prominent family.  As their name suggests, they were connected to Mt. Miwa, and the worship, there.  Based on what evidence we have, he was probably born around 657 CE, and when he was about 16 years old he was fighting on the side of Ohoama in the Jinshin no Ran.  In particular, he was involved in the fighting near Hashihaka kofun, and then moved over to attack the Afumi forces on the Middle Road.  There is evidence after that of him making his way up through the ranks, and was even one of those who offered a eulogy for Ohoama.  As Chunagon, he was in a fairly powerful position in court, and giving up his court rank would mean not just a loss in status, but also giving up the income associated with that rank. And this remonstration may be why we are told that the court commuted taxes, including forced labor, for the lands that she passed through, and she recognized the local Kuni no Miyatsuko with cap-rank.  She also remitted taxes for those who had been conscripted to help from elsewhere, such as her baggage handlers, the people who built the temporary palace for her to stay in, in Ise, etc.  So even if the procession to Ise had an impact, she seems to have done her best to lessen the blow. As for Takechimaro, we don't see him again in the Nihon Shoki, but he does show up later.  He would become the governor of Nagato, and then later he is given positions such as the Mayor of the Sakyou, or Left Capital.  So it would seem that either his resignation wasn't accepted, or that he was re-hired at some later point.  He would pass away in 706 CE. By the way, there is one other notable feature about him, and you may have caught it as I went over all of this.  That was the name of his uji, or clan:  Miwa, or Ohomiwa.    This means he had a connection to—and possibly a vested interest in—promoting the worship at Mt. Miwa, the traditional Yamato cultic center.  Nothing is outright stated, but it makes sense that someone from Miwa might be a little bit concerned with the extra attention being given to the shrine at Ise around this time—so there is that, as well. Regardless of his intentions, it certainly seems that from that point on Ise Shrine and the deity worshipped there, Amaterasu Ohokami, would be tied to the imperial line from the late 7th century onward.  Clearly the royal patronage of the shrine stepped up, and for the most part we do see a fairly regular stream of Saigu, with one slight exception:  There doesn't appear to have been one during Uno no Sarara's reign.  Ohoku no Himemiko had been sent down during the reign of Ohoama, but she was the sister to Prince Ohotsu, and appears to have returned after his death.  The position appears to have remained vacant until after Uno no Sarara's reign.  It makes me wonder if she wasn't "filling in" for the Saigu, in a way.  That could, in part, explain her travels there. There also may not have been a good candidate at the time, but I find that less believable—perhaps there was no candidate that Uno trusted given the precarious position her own bloodline was in at the moment.  Still, after her reign, the position of Saigu would be regularly filled by a member of the royal family through the end of the Heian period.  It was interrupted by the Genpei wars, and then the practice fell into decline during the period of the Kamakura bakufu.  Late Edo period pro-imperialists tried to restore the practice, but it didn't catch back on. Despite the apparent importance of the shrine to the royal family, it would also remain somewhat aloof.  The priests of the shrine would provide the sacred mirror for ascension ceremonies, but it would be very rare for any sitting sovereign to actually pay a visit to the shrine, and, as I mentioned before, Amaterasu was not one of the deities reflected in the inner court rituals.  Still, she would come to be seen as the dominant kami of the Shinto pantheon, and even today, many shrines will hold space for her as well as the primary deity; home shrines, or kamidana, will often include ofuda for Amaterasu as a central point of worship, with kami associated with one's local shrines as well. So there you have just a little taste of what Uno no Sarara was up to.  Whether she had intended to be in this position or had it thrust onto her, she was no shrinking violet.  She took control of the ship of state and set a course that would continue to influence the archipelago down to the modern day.  The reforms that started with her father and husband she continued and made manifest in the physical and spiritual world.  And this is only the beginning.  There is more to talk about regarding Uno no Sarara's reign, and her eventual abdication, but for that, we will have to wait until Part 2. Until then if you like what we are doing, please tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website,  SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.

Nos últimos dias assistimos a dois crimes trágicos em que duas crianças foram arrastadas para a morte por adultos que as deviam proteger. Uma tinha quatro a outra oito. Dois casos em análise neste Crime e Castigo, um podcast com o Paulo João Santos e Ângela Gonçalves Marques, moderado por Rita Fernandes Batista e editado por Nuno Carvalho.

Christian Polanco and Alexis Guerreros kick off the show with six spicy World Cup takes, headlined by the belief that Mauricio Pochettino has permanently changed soccer in America. The guys discuss how the USMNT's success and Pochettino's mentality have altered expectations around the national team and share several other bold predictions and overreactions from an unforgettable tournament so far. Next, The Cooligans turn their attention to Portugal, who desperately need a result against Uzbekistan to keep their World Cup dreams on track. Christian and Alexis debate which player will be most important for Roberto Martínez's side, with Alexis backing Gonçalo Ramos while Christian believes Cristiano Ronaldo remains Portugal's biggest difference-maker. The guys also examine England's attack following their victory over Croatia and ask whether the Three Lions possess the most dangerous frontline in the tournament. To wrap up the show, the guys preview another massive day of World Cup action. Can Lionel Messi and Argentina continue their march against Austria? Will France keep rolling against Iraq? And can Erling Haaland and Norway overcome AFCON champions Senegal in one of the most intriguing matchups of the tournament? Christian and Alexis break down all the biggest storylines heading into Matchday action.   Timestamps: (2:00) — 6 Spicy World Cup Takes (25:00) - Can Portugal get win against Uzbekistan (33:30) - Do England have the best attack in World Cup? (45:30) - Matchday Preview Subscribe to The Cooligans on your favorite podcast app:

Numa grande entrevista com Daniel Oliveira, Gonçalo Ramos, 25 anos, diz que só quer que o filho perceba que tudo o que a família tem dá trabalho. "Quero que ele disfrute da vida que lhe vamos poder dar, mas que também não se dislumbre, que tenha respeito por isso. Quero que olhe para nós e veja referências e exemplos". O avançado do Paris Saint-Germain é também um dos jogadores mais novos da seleção nacional. Fez sacríficios que poucos viram: "Fui obrigado a crescer rápido e muitas vezes sozinho", diz o jogador. Oiça aqui a entrevista completaSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Le mercato du PSG est officiellement lancé, mais la vraie question n'est peut-être pas : qui Paris doit recruter ? La vraie question est plutôt : et si le mercato devenait le plus grand piège du PSG ? Après avoir remporté une deuxième Ligue des champions consécutive, le Paris Saint-Germain arrive dans une situation très particulière. Le club est au sommet de l'Europe, l'équipe tourne, le collectif est fort, et Luis Enrique a installé une identité claire : un football ambitieux, exigeant, spectaculaire et résolument collectif. Mais justement, c'est là que le danger commence. Quand une équipe gagne tout, chaque décision de mercato devient ultra sensible. Faut-il vraiment ajouter une grosse recrue ? Faut-il toucher à l'équilibre offensif ? Faut-il recruter un numéro 9, un ailier, un milieu, ou simplement garder le noyau actuel ? Et surtout : comment améliorer le PSG sans casser ce qui a permis au club de dominer l'Europe ? Dans ce live Paris Central, on va analyser le mercato du PSG sous un angle différent. Pas seulement les rumeurs, pas seulement les noms, pas seulement les “gros coups”. On va se demander si Paris doit faire un mercato XXL… ou au contraire un mercato chirurgical, intelligent, presque minimaliste. Parce que le PSG a déjà beaucoup d'armes : Ousmane Dembélé, Khvicha Kvaratskhelia, Désiré Doué, Bradley Barcola, Gonçalo Ramos, Vitinha, João Neves, Nuno Mendes, Achraf Hakimi, Marquinhos, Pacho… et plusieurs jeunes qui peuvent encore prendre de la place. Alors est-ce que recruter plus, c'est forcément devenir plus fort ? Ou est-ce que le vrai risque, c'est de bloquer des joueurs déjà là ? On parlera aussi des dossiers qui peuvent animer le mercato parisien : Michael Olise, Julian Alvarez, Maghnes Akliouche, Ayyoub Bouaddi, Ferran Torres, mais aussi des profils plus jeunes ou plus opportunistes. Le PSG doit-il viser une star ? Un joueur de rotation ? Un jeune à développer ? Ou simplement attendre la vraie opportunité ? Le débat est simple : le meilleur mercato du PSG, est-ce celui qui fait rêver… ou celui qui ne casse rien ? Au programme : le PSG a-t-il vraiment besoin de recruter ? quel poste doit être renforcé en priorité ? faut-il un numéro 9 ou un profil plus polyvalent ? une grosse recrue peut-elle menacer l'équilibre offensif ? Doué, Barcola, Ramos ou Mayulu peuvent-ils être freinés par le mercato ? Luis Enrique doit-il demander des profils très précis ? le PSG doit-il faire un mercato XXL ou un mercato chirurgical ? et si le plus grand piège du PSG, c'était de vouloir trop bouger ? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

As novidades sobre a indústria dos videojogos, análises aos jogos do momento, retrogaming, os temas de fundo e até um quiz musical sobre videojogos. Com Pedro Moreira Dias, Élio Salsinha, Rui Gonçalves e Gonçalo Santos.

The Greater G.F. Young Proffessionals are here with Gon & Danielle to talk about the upcoming Regional Summit July 28th & 29th at the Alerus Center Show is recorded at Grand Forks Best Source. For studio information, visit www.gfbestsource.com – Or message us at bit.ly/44meos1 – Help support GFBS at this donation link - https://bit.ly/3vjvzgX - Access past GFBS Interviews - https://gfbsinterviews.podbean.com/  #gfbs #gfbestsource.com #grandforksnd #interview #local #grandforks #grandforksbestsource #visitgreatergrandforks @grandforksnd @THECHAMBERGFEGF #belegendary #followers #everyone

António Nogueira Leite afirma que o acordo pode aliviar os preços do petróleo e a inflação na Europa. Já o comandante Gonçalves Alexandre sublinha o papel vital do controlo sobre Israel e o Hezbollah.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A dias da estreia no Mundial de 2026 e acabados de ganhar a Champions League back 2 back, os parisienses Nuno e Gonçalo passam pelo estúdio de watch (daí a ida tardia de toda a seleção para os EUA) para demonstrar que estão prontos para a competição que vem aí - se a competição for poker. A caderneta, o VAR, o cabelo do Vitinha, falhar penaltis, romper meias, ir ao barbeiro e frango assado são alguns dos temas debatidos.(00:00) Intro(00:23) Como aproximar público com jogadores da seleção?(01:12) Gonçalo e Nuno já completaram a caderneta do mundial(06:28) Jogos amigáveis: dar tudo ou ter cuidado?(07:31) Expulsão de Rafael Leão foi justa?(08:30) Recordar final do Mundial de Clubes(09:45) Jogadores que “metem nojo” dentro de campo(11:19) Quais os jogadores mais aldrabões em campo?(12:22) Não compensa perder a cabeça em campo(14:21) VAR é eficaz?(16:59) Nuno e Gonçalo não gostam das pausas para hidratação(19:39) Final da Liga dos Campeões(20:34) Sensação de bater um penálti na final de um mundial(22:02) Bater penálti sempre para o mesmo lado(23:31) Como se prepara para um jogo contra o Uzbequistão?(26:35) Iraque é o país mais estranho da caderneta(27:49) Que seleção é que vai surpreender neste mundial?(31:08) Qual foi a melhor sensação, conquistar a 1ª Champions ou a 2ª?(34:24) Dificuldade de fazer Fantasy(36:02) Como é que se vão entreter nos Estados Unidos?(38:30) Porque é que os jogadores rompem as meias atrás?(40:12) Nuno admite que não gosta do cabelo do Vitinha(42:28) Inglaterra deixa Palmer, Arnold e Foden de fora(44:58) Jogar noutras posições(47:02) Ser suplente e marcar(48:28) Títulos de Nuno Mendes(51:46) Parecer (ou não) a idade que realmente se tem(55:48) Preguiça de ir ao barbeiro(59:56) Lesões e operações de Nuno e Gonçalo(1:01:59) Jogadores tão sempre a levar pau(1:05:19) Quando é que a taça é verdadeira ou réplica?(1:08:39) Preferem jogar contra Espanha ou Curaçau?(1:11:47) PSG ganha todas as Champions desde que mudou de formato(1:13:20) Recordar final da Champions: PSG 5-0 Inter(1:16:02) Análise de grupos do mundial(1:20:23) Vício em poker(1:23:10) Que números têm na camisola(1:26:43) Nuno Mendes apaga Instagram se ganhar o mundial(1:27:14) Poker é entretenimento durante a viagem de avião(1:30:38) Saudades da comida portuguesa(1:32:29) Qual a comida favorita de Nuno e Gonçalo?(1:33:45) Anthony Lopes e Rafael Guerreiro têm mesma personalidade(1:37:13) Música “Champions” de Speed incluída no álbum da FIFA World Cup 2026(1:38:10) Speed já fala português(1:43:50) Speed ajudou a que Ronaldo fosse mais conhecido nos Estados Unidos?(1:46:13) Nuno Mendes é quem toma conta da playlist no balneário(1:47:30) C'est la Vie será música de celebração de Portugal se ganhar a final contra a França

A Ana vai às marchas e pede ajuda para ir à casa de banho, o Pedro tem finalmente carta de condução, o Nico acha que a mãe é irresponsável, o trânsito é dado por uma imitação de Gonçalo Uva e anunciamos o festival de música a que ninguém vai.

As novidades sobre a indústria dos videojogos, análises aos jogos do momento, retrogaming, os temas de fundo e até um quiz musical sobre videojogos. Com Pedro Moreira Dias, Élio Salsinha, Rui Gonçalves e Gonçalo Santos.

Debate da Super Manhã: Recorrer a um empréstimo bancário pode ser uma solução importante em momentos de necessidade financeira. O crédito pode ser um aliado na reorganização das finanças, na quitação de dívidas, na realização de investimentos pessoais ou profissionais e no enfrentamento de situações emergenciais. No entanto, é fundamental fazer uma análise cuidadosa para evitar comprometer o orçamento e enfrentar dificuldades financeiras no futuro. No debate desta terça-feira (9), a comunicadora Natalia Ribeiro conversa com os convidados sobre os tipos de crédito disponíveis no mercado, a importância do planejamento financeiro, a contratação consciente de empréstimos e dicas para evitar o superendividamento. Participam a especialista em Finanças Comportamentais, Aline Dantas, o advogado especialista em Direito Bancário, Fábio Gonçalves, e o economista especialista em Gestão Pública, Werson Kaval.

Le PSG est-il en train de faire face à son plus gros problème depuis son back-to-back en Ligue des Champions ? Pendant des années, le Paris Saint-Germain avait un problème simple : il fallait améliorer l'effectif. Aujourd'hui, la situation est totalement différente. Après avoir remporté deux Ligues des Champions consécutives et s'être imposé comme la référence du football européen, le PSG possède désormais un effectif rempli de joueurs capables d'être titulaires. Mais cette abondance de talent peut aussi devenir un danger. Qui acceptera encore un rôle de remplaçant dans le meilleur club d'Europe ? Comment Luis Enrique va-t-il gérer la concurrence entre les stars, les cadres historiques et les jeunes qui poussent derrière ? Le cas Safonov fait déjà débat. Le gardien russe semble conserver une place importante malgré la présence de Lucas Chevalier. Devant, Gonçalo Ramos continue d'alimenter les discussions autour de son statut. Au milieu, les places deviennent extrêmement rares avec un secteur considéré comme l'un des meilleurs du monde. Et derrière, les jeunes talents du centre de formation veulent eux aussi obtenir davantage de temps de jeu. Le PSG doit-il vendre certains joueurs pour préserver l'équilibre du vestiaire ? Peut-il conserver tout son groupe champion ? Luis Enrique est-il capable de maintenir la motivation de tout le monde malgré une concurrence devenue féroce ? Dans cette émission Paris Central, nous analysons en profondeur la situation du PSG avant la saison 2026-2027, les risques d'un vestiaire surchargé, les joueurs qui pourraient partir, ceux qui doivent rester et les décisions que le club devra prendre pour continuer à dominer l'Europe. Le Paris Saint-Germain est-il victime de son propre succès ? Dites-nous votre avis en commentaire : ➡️ Quel joueur accepteriez-vous de vendre ? ➡️ Qui doit absolument rester ? ➡️ Quel est selon vous le plus gros risque pour le PSG cette saison ? Abonnez-vous à Paris Central pour suivre toute l'actualité du PSG, les analyses tactiques, les débats mercato, les réactions après les matchs, les émissions spéciales Ligue des Champions et tous les dossiers autour du Paris Saint-Germain. #PSG #ParisSaintGermain #MercatoPSG #LuisEnrique #ParisCentral #LigueDesChampions #Safonov #Chevalier #GoncaloRamos #Mayulu Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Gang! the crews back for another lively episode, discussing what we've been up to, what major changes we've been experiencing, Stephen's next place to call home ongoing search and what Summer's plans are for her future. Always scheming baby, Stay happy, Stay active. Love y'all! Be back soon! Gon tell somebody to tell somebody to tell some.. body about the show!

Episode 529 / Gonçalo PretoGonçalo Preto (b. 1991, Lisbon, Portugal) is a Portuguese artist living and working in New York. In 2024, he completed his Master of Fine Arts at the Rhode Island School of Design, having previously studied at the Academy of Art University in San Francisco, USA, and at Kassel Kunsthochschule, Germany. He holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the Faculty of Fine Arts of the University of Lisbon.Recent solo exhibitions include The Ballads of a Sundial (2026), Galeria Pedro Cera, Lisbon; Phantom Limb (2024), Andrew Reed Gallery, Miami, USA; A Cadência de uma Chama (2024), Middle Finger Pedestrians (2019) and FRAG-MEN-TO (2017), Galeria Madragoa, Lisbon; and LIMBO (2019), Museu Carlos Machado, Ponta Delgada (São Miguel), Azores, Portugal, among others.Recent group exhibitions include Out of Frame (2025), Jack Barrett Gallery, New York, USA; what lovers do (2024), The FLAG Art Foundation, New York, USA; Prophetic Dreams (2024), Goldau, Switzerland; BIG OBJECTS (2023), Marvin Gardens, New York, USA; and Silvers in the Void (2023), MAMOTH, London, UK, among others. Gonçalo is the recipient of several awards, including a Fulbright FCC Grant (2022-2024), a Rhode Island School of Design Fellowship (2022-2024), and a Hopper Prize Finalist (2023).

A big part of the court are the actual court nobles, so this episode we are taking a look at some of the ones mentioned in the Chronicles for this reign. For more, check out https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/episode-150 Rough Transcript Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua and this is episode 150: Nobles of Jitou Tennou's Court   Maro donned his light blue robes and made his way to the court.  As he arrived, the sun was just peaking over the horizon, and as it bathed the court in the golden morning light the dark shadows were dispelled, leaving in their wake a colorful scene, as various court officials headed this way and that, gathering in their offices to pick up on the work that they had left unfinished the day before. As an ohotoneri, Maro was often sent to and fro between the offices of the different departments. As such, he was able to see how they worked, and he wondered to himself which department would have the best opportunity for advancement.  His family had connections over at the Department of Prisons, and it was definitely a place he could make a name for himself, especially if he attached himself to one of the newly minted magistrates.  On the other hand, the Jingikan, the Ministry for Kami Matters, had some of the most important and sought after positions.  After all, no matter what the secular administration did, when there was no rain for the fields, it was the kami to whom the court turned.  And the members of the Jingikan who helped make those ceremonies happen were known to be well rewarded for their troubles. Perhaps he would be better off taking a more modest position, such as with the Jibu-sho, the Department of Civil Administration.  It was mostly focused on the maintenance and execution of the bureaucracy, and wasn't necessarily a place to seek the limelight, but perhaps that also offered some opportunity.  Do well in one position, and who knows what that could open up to you in the long run?  Maybe one day Maro could make it up to become a Nagon, a Counsellor, or even one of the Daijin, the great ministers at the very head of the council of state.Maro almost laughed at the thought, but he didn't put it aside entirely.  After all, as impossible as it might seem now, the world was still changing, and who knew what opportunities might be waiting just around the corner?   This episode continues our look at the reign of Uno no Sarara, aka Jitou Tennou.  I would note that we have now reached the last chapter of the Nihon Shoki, which ends with the end of Uno no Sarara's reign in 697.  In this chapter, we have not quite 11 years to cover, and we've already talked about the first three of those years, which featured succession issues and a long mourning time for Uno's husband Ohoama, aka Temmu Tennou, culminating in the sudden death of her only son, the Crown Prince and heir apparent, Prince Kusakabe, in 689.  We also went over what was happening on the continent, with powerful women like Uno no Sarara either on or behind the throne in Silla and the Tang dynasty.  To quickly recap the succession issues: When Kusakabe died, tthat left the throne in a somewhat tenuous position.  There were two other male heirs that would seem to have a claim on the throne as well.  The first was Prince Takechi, who was technically Ohoama's eldest son, but the Chroniclers claim that his late mother was not sufficiently royal for him to have a serious claim.  Then there was Prince Karu, the only known son of the late Crown Prince Kusakabe, and had been born 6 years earlier, in 683, to the Crown Prince and his wife, Princess Abe.  Princess Abe was a daughter of Naka no Oe, and a half-sister to Uno no Sarara.  She was actually a year older than Kusakabe, and would continue to look after the young Prince Karu.  So, Prince Karu was only about 7 years old when his father passed away: much too young to be taking the throne, let alone a firm hand in the politics of the time.  And given the mortality statistics of the time, there is so much that could happen to him before he reached the age of majority.  And remember, there were already some questions about legitimacy, and we already discussed the fact that about 30 nobles had gathered in support of Prince Ohotsu right after Ohoama's death.  Uno no Sarara had that whole issue quashed and Prince Ohotsu had died, but it was nonetheless a stark reminder that things could change quickly. So at this point in Uno no Sarara's reign, there is a great deal of uncertainty afoot, and there are quite a few individuals named in the Chronicles who stand to benefit from sticking their fingers into politics in one way or another.  This episode, we're going to look at some of those individuals, their roles in the court, and the effect they had on Yamato.  Some of those people named are particularly interesting in that they were involved in the conspiracy with Prince Ohotsu, and would continue to be highly influential in the government.  For example, Iki no Hakatoko, Nakatomi no Omimaro, and Kose no Tayasu, and Yakuchi no Wotokashi are all name-dropped, which we'll get into more later.  It feels significant, however, that there were some 30 nobles all told, and beyond these four and the apparent ringleaders, we don't learn anyone else's names.   The importance of prominent individuals in the court has been a constant theme in the Chronicles and in this podcast, so getting to know the court is definitely important. Moreover, during this time period as we get more and more written sources from which to work from we will see more and more information on individuals.  Some of that will come from the Nihon Shoki and the records that come after—the Shoku Nihongi.  Others, however, are from sources like the Man'yoshu, where bits of biographical data are found about the authors that they mention.  There are also family diaries and later genealogies.  Some of these sources are a bit more trusted than others, especially when they were compiled centuries later and we don't exactly know what sources they, themselves, were working on.  Still, even if it isn't 100% accurate, it does give us a picture of what was going on beyond just the royal family. I think it is also helpful to understand some of the overall court dynamics.  If you are familiar with the Heian period, especially around the time of things like the Tale of Genji, you are probably well acquainted with the Fujiwara family—I'll probably need to do an entire episode just on them at some point.  Essentially, there would come a time where almost the entire court was made up either of royals or of members of the Fujiwara clan, or uji.  In fact, even that distinction wasn't really accurate as the Fujiwara family had so intermarried with the Royal family that every sovereign—every Tennou and even most of their consorts—were directly related to members of the Fujiwara.  Not only that, but members of the Fujiwara family held the position of regent—whether the sovereign was of age or not—and effectively ruled the country, with the Tennou being largely relegated to a mouthpiece with ceremonial duties.  It would get so bad that we would see the splitting of the Fujiwara uji into smaller households, and the political fights were often between members of the different households of the same family.  There is a reason that a good portion of the Heian period is sometimes called the Fujiwara period. However, now during the late Asuka period, we see something a little different.  The marriage politics of the Soga had been violently suppressed about a half century earlier, and a lot of different names flourished in the Yamato court, as youmay have noticed any time I've rattled off a bunch of names and your eyes started crossing because of it.  But that's the reality we see: there were a lot of different families, and individuals, all jockeying for influence.  And they were in a period of disruption, where lots of change was happening.  That change meant there was also a lot of potential. And I hope you don't mind if I take a quick time-out here, but so often we read history and we forget to learn lessons from it, and one overarching lesson is:  if you are a part of an organization—a company, a club, government, school, or anything like that—one thing you are going to have to deal with is change.  It comes in many forms and happens whether or not you personally agree with it. It can be destructive and it can be frightening, because we often don't know what is on the other side of it, but it also presents opportunities.  After all, if you don't know what comes next it probably means other people don't, either.  And if you can be the one to provide direction you can have a huge influence on what comes next.  And change has been a constant theme in this period of Yamato history, in so many ways.  Take the reorganization of the government as one example: they had introduced these 8 departments, which had names and were set up in various ways, but it wasn't like you had experienced people to run them as they had been on the continent.  So you had names and the forms of things, but there were a lot of people figuring out just how to actually put this new structure into practice, and leverage them to do what they were supposed to do.  In the process, there were a lot of opportunities to innovate and figure out how to do it within the cultural milieu of the archipelago.  So all of these individuals, from these various families, all had opportunities staring them in the face.  They just had to figure out how to make the best of it. Now, don't get me wrong:  Those with the money, the connections, and the influence still had a leg up, and this was still a hierarchical society, where your family dictated, to some extent, your position in society.  The introduction of individual court rank, as opposed to just the kabane that ranked uji, was pushing against that, and had already caused a reformation that flattened a lot of the previous kabane into just eight distinctions, but those distinctions still existed.  Even had they not, simple matters of inherited wealth and the value of goods produced in a family's home territory would still have provided tremendous advantages.  But there isn't an indication of the kind of large-scale consolidation of resources that we will see in later periods, such as the Fujiwara example that we were just discussing.  Oh, sure, we aren't going to see a farmer suddenly make it big at court in some kind of rags-to-riches story, but at the upper end of society we still have a lot of apparent diversity. And so, let's get to know some of these individuals that the Chronicles tell us about.  Before we do that, though, let's recap a little bit about how the court worked. Every member of the court was effectively employed by the State.  They had an official job with duties they were supposed to oversee.  In the case of lower level functionaries, they were likely expected to actually do most of the work, while at the top of the hierarchy you had nobles who were more likely decision-makers, who would approve or disapprove of the work and direct strategic resources. Those working in the court had official uniforms—the round-necked garments of the continent.  What would be called a "caftan" farther west.  These were based on the foreign garments popular in the Tang court and elsewhere. The color and pattern of official clothing appears to be something that goes back to early in this new continental style government, and we see suggestions of color schemes from a relatively early age.  However, in 690 we see the clearest such outline of just what everyone was wearing. As a reminder, the court rank system of the day was made up of a Princely and a Commoner system.  Princely ranks originally included two ranks of the Myo class, and four of the Jou class, each rank divided into either "Great" or "Broad", for twelve Princely ranks, though honestly we only ever really see the four Jou class of ranks in use. Below that were the ranks for the common nobles—those with family names who did not have any kind of royal claim.    For them there were six classes of rank—Shou, Jiki, Gon, Mu, Tsui, and Shin, in that order.  Each class was made up of four ranks, which were further divided into upper and broad categories, creating 48 total ranks. Your rank determined your precedence at court—where you were sat, what jobs you were allowed to take on and, most importantly, the amount of money that you could expect to receive as part of a stipend.  Naka no Oe had previously consolidated the land-holdings and asserted claim over all of it.  The taxes from the households on the land went to the government to pay the stipends of the nobles in the court, who were, ostensibly, employees of that same government.  Your rank determined what you were owed, though this could also be augmented by various edicts. So there you go: rank in the court was tied to many of the things that the elites wanted, from wealth to status and access to various opportunities. The color of official clothing followed the rank system.  So Princes of the first two ranks of the Jou class were given robes of dark purple, and the third and four ranks were given robes of bright purple, which they shared with highest class of rank of the common nobles, the Shou rank class. Below that, nobles of the Jiki class would wear robes of dark red, and those of Gon would wear dark green.  The Mu rank class, the next down, was Light Green, and then Tsui was Deep Blue and Shin was Light blue. So in order you would see robes of Dark Purple, Bright Purple, Dark Red, Dark Green, Light Green, Deep Blue, and Light Blue.  The color gave you a certain indication of where the person sat in the overall hierarchy of the court, and provided you clues as to how you should address them, who would give deference, etc.  In later centuries, we are even told that deference was given in meetings, which is to say that once a person of higher rank provided input on a topic, nobody of lower rank was able to contradict them for fear of the consequences.  So it also told you who got the last word. This then was the world that the nobles of the court inhabited.  As we've seen in previous episodes it wasn't just bureaucratic work, but also banquets, archery contests, and Buddhist congregations and sutra readings.  There were rituals, dances, and diplomatic embassies—not to mention all of the ceremonies around the death or ascension of the sovereign.  In this world, one's reputation was everything.  You wanted to be seen as good at your job, but also, just like today, people were more likely to promote and support those they knew, and so it helped to have friends.  However, there were also a limited number of top spots, and so every promotion would have likewise meant plenty of disappointed nobles who didn't get the job.  But that is enough background.  Let's take a look at some of the nobles themselves, starting with the four from the Prince Ohotsu conspiracy.   The first name in the list is perhaps the least interesting.  His name is Yakuchi no Wotokashi.  Although he was the highest ranking of the four, he is also the least mentioned in the Chronicles and elsewhere, and we know very little about him.  So we'll talk about him later on, for completeness, but for now it may be best to skip him until we have a better handle on others in the court. In contrast, we know a bit more about his co-conspirators.  In fact, we've already talked about one of them at length:  Iki no Hakatoko.  We first heard about Iki no Hakatoko when talking about the Tang dynasty, and discussed him at length in Episode 123.  He was one of the members of the embassy to the Tang dynasty back in the early 660s that got delayed on account of Tang Gaozong initiating the war against Yamato's ally Baekje.  The fact that the Nihon Shoki directly pulls from Hakatoko's work, known to us, today, as the Iki no Hakatoko Sho, makes it one of the few early named written works that we know about.  Unfortunately, it is no longer extant except for what is preserved in the Chronicles, but it is still incredible that we have essentially an eyewitness account of what happened.  He would later be one of the escort envoys for one of the Tang embassies during the reign of Naka no Oe.  That he was then embroiled in the conspiracy with Prince Ohotsu would seem to be at odds with his standing, and yet after his pardon he eventually got back into the court's good graces.  In 695, about 9 years after the incident, he was assigned as an assistant envoy to Silla.  By that point he was of Mudaini rank, which was only about 35th in the overall scheme of things.  Later on we know he would work on the famous Taiho code, which was published in 701, and enacted a couple of years later.  It was here that he worked with the famous Fujiwara no Fubito—about whom we will discuss more, later—and although he would pass away in 703, this may be how his own writings came to find their way into the Chronicles, since Fubito is said to have had a large influence on them—as he had on many of the court's projects. Overall, Iki no Hakatoko may not have been the one in charge, but we see in his life an incredible career, much of it spent on multiple voyages across the ocean, whether on an embassy or as an escort.  He likely was highly proficient in the language of the Tang court—what we typically refer to, broadly, as Middle Chinese.  He also had direct experience with the Tang court and system, and so it makes sense that he was one of those helping to build an administrative state based on that system. If we were to imagine Hakatoko in the court of the day, at least in 695, he would have likely had light green colored robes, indicating that he was of the "Mu" class of ranks.  He would have worn the black gauze cap of the court and worn white hakama, or trousers, underneath.  His long, continental style, round-necked robes—likely relatively slim, with overly long, but narrow, sleeves—would have been tied closed in the front with a braided silk cord.  He likely worn black leather boots, covered in a light lacquer to protect them from the elements, with cloth insoles and perhaps a hint of brocade along the top.  He likely kept with him a ruler, and perhaps a few slips of paper or even just wood on which to take occasional notes.  A mid-level functionary of the court. We can compare and contrast Hakatoko to two other co-conspirators:  Nakatomi no Omimaro and Kose no Tayasu. We are given neither Omimaro's rank nor Tayasu's at this time.  It is interesting that they listed after Hakatoko, who is actually listed as having "Lower Shousen" rank—an older rank that was no longer in use at this point in time.  Also, both Nakatomi and Kose were Ason level families while Iki no Hakatoko is listed as being merely "Muraji".  So it seems that the Chroniclers were probably pulling from what they could find elsewhere, although where they found that Wotokashi had Jikikwoshi rank I have no idea, as we don't have any other record for him.  And it is possible that deference to Wotokashi and Hakatoko are as much a nod to their age as anything else, though probably not by much. Of four co-conspirators mentioned here—and I'm leaving out the two who were exiled or banished, as they were clearly not hanging around the court later—Nakatomi no Omimaro and Kose no Tayasu were probably from the most established families.  Indeed, we see both of their names show up multiple times in the record, giving us a better idea of who they might have been. Of the two, the name Nakatomi probably is more likely to ring a bell, as that as the surname of the famous Nakatomi no Kamatari—as well as the later Nakatomi no Kane.   Nakatomi no Kamatari was the head of court ritual when he and Naka no Oe kicked things off with the Isshi Incident and the Taika reforms, at which point he became the "Inner Prime Minister", or Naidaijin. Much of what we know of Omimaro comes from outside of the Chronicles themselves.  For instance, we are told that he was the son of Nakatomi no Kunitari, a cousin to the famous Kamatari, at least according to the 10th century Engi Shiki.  However, we have no other records of Kunitari, and so there is more than a little doubt cast as to whether or not that was actually the case.  Similarly, we are told that Omimaro married one of Kamatari's daughters, and was eventually adopted by Kamatari. Once again, the evidence for this is pretty thin, and it is unclear to me just how adoption worked at this point.  Certainly in later periods, adoption was often a way to ensure that a family had a male heir to ensure the family's continuity, and marrying someone's daughter and being adopted into the family is an age old tradition in the archipelago and Japan more generally.  At the same time, give some thought to what we know about this period: male primogeniture was not exactly the norm, although Confucian values had definitely made inroads into court.   The family headship often went to the eldest—or most prominent—family member.  This wasn't necessarily a son and often was a brother, a nephew, or even a cousin.  We have a few famous Nakatomi at this point in time, and all I can say for certain is that they were part of the same family.  Later traditions would make things a bit more clear. Whatever his parentage, our first encounter with Omimaro appears to be in the Ohotsu conspiracy, when he was arrested and then pardoned.  He shows up again in the record just three years later, along with Kose no Tayasu, as both were made judges, along with Fujiwara no Fubito—Nakatomi no Kamatari's biological son and eventual heir. In fact, there were nine judges, or magistrates, made that year, and they are listed in rank order.  The first is Prince Takeda, said to be a great-grandson of Nunakura, aka Bidatsu Tennou.  He was Joukwoshi rank, meaning he wore bright purple court robes, sitting in the lower half of the princely ranks.  He had been quite prolific ever since 681, when he was one of the Princes called to help bring together the Chronicles.  After being made a judge, he would continue in that position, it seems, and by 708 he would become the head of the Ministry of Prisons. After him we have Haji no Nemaro, in the dark red robes of the Jiki rank class.  Though someone of rank, less is known about Nemaro.  His father is said to be Haji no Mi, who was part of the forces that set out to Yamada-dera to capture—and likely kill—Soga no Kurayamadera.  Haji no Nemaro's son is Haji no Oi, who was sent to the Tang court but returned in 684, along with several repatriated soldiers.  Oi would assist with the Taihou code, but little more is said about him or his father. Other judges were Ohoyake no Maro, Fujiwara no Fubito—also of the Jiki class rank. Maro would go on to take a job as a jusenshi, responsible for minting coins, and Fubito would go on to reach the highest levels of government. Then there was Tahema no Sakurawi, Hodzumi no Yamamori, Nakatomi no Omimaro, Kose no Tayasu, and Ohomiwa no Yasumaro.  They were all Mudaishi rank at this point, wearing dark green.  Sakurai would go on to become the governor of Ise in 705, and then the governor of Musashi in 708.  Hodzumi no Yamamori we don't have as much information on, other than that he kept climbing the ranks, by 704 he had made Junior 5th rank, lower grade in the system that replaced the cap-ranks, and by 712 he made it to the senior fifth rank, lower grade. Ohomiwa no Yasumaro, on the other hand, would make it to the Senior 5th rank, lower grade by 707, and the upper grade by 708, when he was made the Dayu—the high minister in charge—of Settsu.  He would eventually make it into the Junior Fourth rank, upper grade, as the Minister of the Military Department, or Hyobu-sho. So this gives you an idea of the people with whom Nakatomi no Omimaro and Kose no Tayasu were rubbing elbows.  That they were made judges, responsible for justice, seems to say something as that would seem to be a powerful position.  At the same time, they are both lower ranked than the much younger Fujiwara no Fubito—but once again, he was the direct son of Nakatomi no Kamatari.  He also seems to have avoided any unpleasantness from the Jinshin no Ran as he was only 14 at the time, and though it does seem that the Nakatomi were generally knocked down a peg or two in court—thanks in large part  to the fact that Nakatomi no Kane had been one of the leaders of the Afumi court.  That and the whole thing with Prince Ohotsu may be why Omimaro was not exactly in the top ranks, but his appointments weren't nothing, either.  By 693, Omimaro would be granted the rank of Jikikwoshi, the lower fourth rank of the Jiki class.  In that entry he is recorded as Fujiwara no Omimaro.  I believe we discussed this a few episodes back, but the Fujiwara name was still new.  It had been granted to Nakatomi no Kamatari on his deathbed—or possibly even posthumously—by Naka no Oe, and to his family.  So technically that would seem to extend to the entire Nakatomi family.  And with Nakatomi no Kane having been one of the main figures on the losing side of the Jinshin no Ran, it was no doubt a savvy political move for Nakatomi courtiers to lean into the Fujiwara name, and they seem to have done just that.  It wouldn't be until later, in the reign just following this, that a new decree would straighten everything out, such that only the actual descendants of Fujiwara no Kamatari, such as Fujiwara no Fubito, would be allowed to use the Fujiwara name. Throughout this, I have focused mostly on Omimaro, but Kose no Tayasu was in the mix as well.  He, too, was made a judge and in 693 he would also be awarded the same Jikikwoshi rank.  In addition, in 689, he was made a "commissioner of good words", along with the Royal Prince Shiki and others.  This seems to be a singular position, and Aston suggests that it was their job to figure out the kind of auspicious language that should be used in the court.  What kind of language should be used by the sovereign and the courtiers in drawing up official edicts.  I imagine that they were figuring out the form to give to formal court documents as well as the kinds of titles and honorifics to use for the sovereign and the state more generally.  Of course, that is just an assumption based on Aston's understanding of what is, ultimately, a single line.  Still, it is clear that Tayasu was helping to make things happen. Tayasu would eventually go on to become the Minister of the Department of Ceremonies, the Shikibu-sho, and would later serve as a secretary to the Viceroy in Tsukushi—the Dazai Daini.  He would pass away in 710, one year before Omimaro. Before leaving Tayasu behind completely, I would like to point out his family name:  Kose.  The Kose family were one of the families granted the kabane of Ason, or Asaomi.  They had previously been known as the Kose no Omi, and had a long history in the court, claiming descent from the famous Takeuchi no Sukune, legendarily known as the first Oho-omi of Yamato.  Kose no Tokuda had been a supporter of Soga no Iruka, but after the Isshi Incident he supported Naka no Oe and eventually replace Abe no Uchimaro as Sadaijin—Minister of the Left.  Another Kose, Kose no Hito, would also rise in the government, becoming one of two Goshi-daibu made when Prince Ohotomo was appointed Dajodaijin.  The other was Ki no Ushi.  They were both in attendance and counted among the six who swore to protect and support Ohotomo, along with Nakatomi no Kane and others.  So they, too, found themselves on the wrong side of the Jinshin no Ran. In this case, however, it is unclear how much Tayasu was impacted by that.  He may have been the son of Kose no Shitano, brother to Kose no Hito, but the Kose were prolific in the court, with many people of the name.  The family would continue going through the Heian period.  Their fortunes ebbed and flowed, as did so many families, but they would eventually find themselves as Hatamoto to the Tokugawa shogun, so they never actually disappeared. Finally, let's talk about Yakuchi no Wotokashi.  As I mentioned earlier, he is actually one of the first names mentioned in the list of co-conspirators with Prince Ohotsu, suggesting that he outranked others in the group.  Indeed, he is noted as being of Jikikwoshi rank—fourth lower Jiki rank.  The bottom of the Jiki class, but that was still the third class from the top.  However, despite this, very little is actually said about him.  In fact, this is the only instance I could find of the name Yakuchi in the Nihon Shoki, at least in that spelling—there is also a Yakuchi no Uneme, but it is spelled differently and is probably not related.  It is also the only evidence of the name Wotokashi.  That means we don't even see him in the list of names being granted Ason in the first place. It is quite possible that Yakuchi was a name he took later and that he was from another family.  Indeed, there are a couple of traditions around Wotokashi that suggest he was the founder of the Yakuchi family in Shinano.  Indeed, there is a Yakuchi family that comes out of Shinano, near Adzumino.  And Shinano was one of the places that Ohoama had sent people to examine as another site for an alternative capital, and Prince Mino and others had gone to check it out.  So maybe Wotokashi headed out there—or his descendants, anyway—and decided to try and make a go of it.  Proponents of this theory also connect Wotokashi to a line descended from the Soga family, which would certainly explain his prominence.  There are others, however, who claim that the Yakuchi family out of Shinano is actually descended from the Otomo, suggesting that the similarities in the name are just coincidental, which is also possible.  Ultimately, our sources fail us here, and so we just have speculation.  It is possible that even with the pardon, Wotokashi was just never able to regain the trust of the sovereign or his position in court, and so whether he took a hike for the hinterlands or just faded from the picture it is hard to say. With that, let's take a look at just two more courtiers, and what kinds of lives and careers they had at court, at least from what we can see.  These two we've also mentioned in passing:  Fuse no Miushi—whom Aston transliterates as Miaruji—and Ohotomo no Miyuki. Fuse no Miushi and Ohotomo no Miyuki were both mentioned as performing eulogies for Ohoama, though there is more to them than just that.  We'll start with Fuse no Miushi, who is said to have been the son of none other than the Taika era Sadaijin, or Minister of the Left, Abe no Uchimaro.  You may recall that Abe no Uchimaro was the Sadaijin under Karu no Ohokimi, aka Koutoku Tennou, along with the Udaijin, Soga no Kurayamadera.  They were both supporters of Naka no Oe, though much of the Chronicles focus appeared to be more on Kurayamadera than on Uchimaro. We don't know when Miushi was born, nor when he received the name "Fuse", the name by which he is known when we first meet him in the Chronicles.  That family name only shows up two other times in the Chronicles.  Based on other sources, it seems that the Abe family was divided at some point into the Fuse and the Hikida, likely because it became too large and they needed to distinguish the different parts of the family.  It is said that Fuse no Miushi served as a retainer to Ohoama during the Jinshin no Ran.  That, along with his family connections, helped secure him a good place in the government.  By 686, we see him pronouncing the eulogy for Ohoama's funeral on behalf of the Dajokan, the Counil of State.  He was already Jikidaishi, one rank above the standard Jikikwoshi, but still clothed in the same dark red robes.  In 687, he is again pronouncing the eulogy, but this time we are told that his a Nagon, or councilor, a rather prestigious posting that would later get broken up into three different levels:  Dainagon, Chunagon, and Shonagon.  For my Heian fans out there, that last is the same Shonagon as in the name of the famous poet, author, diary-keeper, and all around queen of snark, Sei Shonagon.  By 688, pronouncing the Eulogy seems to have become an annual event for Miushi, only this time he teamed up with Ohotomo no Miyuki.  The two of them seem to have had similar careers, and would, for a time, come up together through the ranks. Ohotomo no Miyuki is said to have been born in 646, though that isn't recorded in the Nihon Shoki and comes from other sources.  The Ohotomo family goes back quite a ways, and we are told that his father was Ohotomo no Nagatoko, who served as Minister of the Right under Naka no Oe.  However, in 672, the Ohotomo, including Miyuki, sided with Ohoama in the Jinshin no ran.  In 675 he was made Tayu while Prince Kurikuma was made Director of Military Affairs.  He then drops out of the narrative until 688, when he is pronouncing the eulogy with Fuse no Miushi. Miushi would go on, two years later, to present the formal congratulations from the court to the Queen upon her ascencion to the throne, and then the following year, 691, both Miushi and Miyuki were granted the rank of Jikidaiichi, the highest rank in the Jiki class, along with 80 households to support them and their families.  This brought both of their stipends up to roughly 300 households each.  Then, in 694, they were both raised in rank again, this time to Shoukwoushi.  Only one rank up, yet they went from the top of the Jiki class to the bottom of the Shou class.  They would have gotten new robes of Bright Purple to indicate their new status, and they each had their stipends increased by the taxes of 200 households each.  At the same time, they were also acknowledged as senior members of their houses.  That means that Miushi was considered the head of the Fuse branch of the Abe family and Miyuki was now acknowledged as the head of the entire Ohotomo family. Two years after that, in 696, they were each given 80 retainers to support them.  Fuse no Miushi is actually mentioned at that time as Abe no Miushi.  That same year, we again see Fujiwara no Fubito show up, but with only 50 retainers.  Fubito would eventually rise to the top of the court food chain, but at this point, it was still in the hands of courtiers like Fuse no Abe no Miushi and Ohotomo no Miyuki. Fuse no Miushi would go on to have an incredible career.  He would become Dainagon and eventually he would become the Udaijin, the Minister of the Right, one of the highest positions anyone could hope to achieve at court. Ohotomo no Miyuki would not make it quite so far.  Like Miushi, he made it to Dainagon, but he died in the first month of 701, just 55 years old.  He had made it to the third rank, and he was posthumously granted the title of Udaijin—the position was vacant at the time—and granted second rank.  His colleague, Abe no Miushi, would go on to take the position only four months later and serve for a couple of years before passing away himself. These two would have worked closely together throughout their careers, and the fact that they were raised in rank and position on similar timelines suggests to me that they ran together in very close circles.  They would have been working in similar positions, at the same levels of the government.  They would have been going to the same parties and partaking in the same banquets and entertainments.   They were no doubt rivals, in a sense, but also equals.  Both families would go on, even as the Fujiwara clan came to dominate the politics of the era, the Ohotomo and Abe would continue to hold power in the court during the Nara period, though eventually it would decline.  The Ohotomo would eventually become just the Tomo, to avoid conflicting with the name of a slater sovereign, and the main house would eventually decline, though branch families would continue to claim descent from the Ohotomo into to the Edo period. The Abe would continue, similarly pushing against the Fujiwara.  The most famous Abe was probably Abe no Seimei, who became known for his skills as an Onmyouji, or master of Yin-yang divination and magic.  The Tsuchimikado branch of the Abe family would continue that tradition, and it would come to largely define the main branch of the family. I hope that gives a bit of an idea of what was going on in the court and the kinds of careers that people were looking at and what was happening.  We cannot get into every single person, but I'm going to try and note some of the more prominent courtiers and what they were doing.  It isn't always clear from the Chronicles what was going on between the various houses, but one can largely assume that the court was highly political.  Different factions were vying for power and position.  Sitting atop all of it, Uno no Sarara would have to perform her own kind of balancing act, doling out rewards and punishments as necessary, and ensuring to place the right people in positions of power and authority.  On the one hand, that ambition was a motivating factor, keeping the people of the court focused on the tasks at hand and ensuring that the court was running smoothly.  On the other hand, too much power in the hands of any one individual could cause them to get ideas that they should have even more.  The main bulwark against this was everyone else in the system—the checks and balances were literally the other court nobles, who weren't going to just let someone  take power unless there was something in it for them as well.  More on that as we watch this reign unfold. But for now, thank you so much for listening and downloading the podcast.  If you like what we are doing, please tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website,  SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.

Neste episódio falamos das campanhas de D. Afonso V em Marrocos, desde a conquista de Alcácer Ceguer (1458) até à tomada de Arzila e ocupação de Tânger (1471), um processo que deu origem à criação do Algarve d'Além-Mar em África.Sugestões de leitura1. Saul António Gomes – D. Afonso V. Rio de Mouro: Temas e Debates, 2009.2. Paulo Alexandre Mesquita Dias – A conquista de Arzila pelos Portugueses - 1471. Lisboa: dissertação de mestrado apresentada à NOVA FCSH, 2015, disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10362/17705-----Obrigado aos patronos do podcast:André Silva, Bruno Figueira, Cláudio Batista, Gustavo Fonseca, Isabel Yglesias de Oliveira, Joana Figueira, NBisme, Oliver Doerfler, Sara Esteves, Sofia Carvalho;Alexandre Carvalho, Andre Oliveira, Carlos Castro, Civiforum, Lda., Cláudia Conceição, Daniel Murta, Domingos Ferreira, Francisco C, Hugo Picciochi, Jorge Filipe, José Beleza, Luís André Agostinho, Miguel Cunha, Patrícia Gomes, Pedro Almada, Pedro Alves, Pedro Ferreira, Rui Roque, Tiago Pereira, Vera Costa;Adriana Vazão, Ana Gonçalves, André Abrantes, António Farelo, António J. R. Neto, Bruno Luis, Carlos Ribeiro, Carlos Ribeiro, Carolina Baptista Catarina Ferreira, Cláudia Brandão, Diogo Freitas, Fábio Videira Santos, Gonçalo Castro, Gn, GusRo, Hugo Palma, Hugo Vieira, Igor Silva, Joao Godinho, Joel José Ginga, Johnniedee, José Santos, João Barbosa, João Canto, João Carlos Braga Simões, João Diamantino, João Ferreira, João Félix, João Mendes, Liam Brockey, Luis Colaço, lvlheadwrecker, Mafalda Trindade, Manuel Bernardo, Marcos, Miguel Brito, Miguel Gama, Miguel Gonçalves Tomé, Miguel Oliveira, Miguel Salgado, Nuno Carvalho, Nuno Esteves, Nuno Moreira, Nuno Silva, Orlando Silva, Parte Cóccix, Paulo Guerreiro, Paulo Ramirez, Paulo Ruivo, Paulo Silva, Pedro Cardoso, Pedro Oliveira, Pedro Sebastião, Ricardo Pinho, Ricardo Santos, Rodrigo Candeias, Rui Curado Silva, Rui Magalhães, Rui Rodrigues, Simão, Simão Ribeiro, Sofia Silva, Thomas Ferreira, Tiago Matias, Tiago Sequeira, Tomás Matos Pires, Vitor Couto, Zé Teixeira.-----Ouve e gosta do podcast?Se quiser apoiar o Falando de História, contribuindo para a sua manutenção, pode fazê-lo via Patreon: https://patreon.com/falandodehistoria-----Música: “Five Armies” e “Magic Escape Room” de Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com); Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License, ⁠http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0⁠Edição de Marco António.

O que resta do bolsonarismo quando o próprio Bolsonaro está preso e inelegível? Neste episódio, produzido em parceria com o Observatório da Extrema-Direita, David Magalhães e Guilherme Casarões recebem Cláudio Gonçalves Couto (FGV-SP/OED), um dos principais especialistas em política brasileira, para discutir o bolsonarismo como governo-movimento, a candidatura de Flávio Bolsonaro à Presidência da República, o escândalo do Banco Master e o papel que os Estados Unidos de Trump desempenham na equação eleitoral de 2026. No boletim de notícias, David Magalhães analisa três episódios recentes que revelam as contradições internas da Rassemblement National: a fratura programática entre Marine Le Pen e Jordan Bardella sobre política econômica, a proposta de Le Pen de retirar a França do comando integrado da OTAN e a mais recente ofensiva do partido contra Kylian Mbappé — três janelas para compreender os limites da direita radical francesa às vésperas de 2027. Para encerrar, a dica cultural traz o livro Diálogos em Tempos Difíceis: Decifrando a Gramática da Nova Extrema-Direita, de Michel Gherman e Ronilso Pacheco (Editora Fósforo). Aperte o play! Quer apoiar o Chutando a Escada? Acesse chutandoaescada.com.br/apoio Mande um café usando nossa chave PIX:  perguntas@chutandoaescada.com.br Comentários, críticas, sugestões? Escreva pra gente em perguntas@chutandoaescada.com.br Participaram deste episódio: David Magalhães (UFU / OED), Guilherme Casarões (FIU / OED) e Cláudio Gonçalves Couto (FGV-SP / OED). Inserção musical no final: Interpretação de Sarah Hester Ross de “The Day the Nazi Died” (Chumbawamba, 1993). Capa do episódio: O globo Escute também no Spotify, no YouTube ou Apple Podcasts. Citados no episódio CAULCUTT, Clea. French far right misses big targets but says it is on track for presidency. Politico, 26 maio 2026. FIESCHI, Catherine. “The French Far-right’s Foreign Policy: Big Ambitions, Uncertain Directions”. In: The Populist Turn in Middle Power Diplomacy. Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, maio 2026. GHERMAN, Michel; PACHECO, Ronilso. Diálogos em Tempos Difíceis: Decifrando a Gramática da Nova Extrema-Direita. São Paulo: Fósforo, 2026. MUDDE, Cas. Distinção conceitual entre direita radical e extrema-direita. PIRRO, Andrea. Sobre o conceito de far right como categoria guarda-chuva. Universidade de Bolonha. Capítulos 00:00 Introdução 02:00 Bolsonarismo como governo-movimento 23:00 A candidatura de Flávio Bolsonaro e o escândalo do Banco Master 43:00 Trump e a influência americana nas eleições de 2026 54:00 O futuro do Congresso e a ultradireita no Legislativo 01:03:00 Boletim OED: a crise interna da Rassemblement National 01:17:00 Mbappé e o nativismo lepenista 01:24:00 Dica cultural e encerramento The post Bolsonarismo sem Bolsonaro nas eleições 2026 appeared first on Chutando a Escada.

Gonçalo Elias e José Frade vieram apresentar-nos o livro "Os 100 Melhores Locais para Observar Aves em Portugal.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

« Si on veut être parfait, il ne faut rien faire. »C'est le constat lucide de Franck Chaventré (Directeur Général Associé, G-ON Life) et Ronan Trottier (Directeur Associé, G-ON).Pourtant, face aux découvertes sur l'air intérieur, ne rien faire n'est plus une option. Car aujourd'hui, on traque le carbone, on soigne l'énergie… mais la qualité sanitaire des matériaux reste ignorée des réglementations. Les microplastiques et les émanations toxiques ne sont ni mesurés, ni certifiés. Du coup, les fabricants n'ont aucune obligation et nos intérieurs, aucune garantie.Ce problème est amplifié par un trou noir de la connaissance : les analyses complètes de l'air intérieur existent, mais seuls quelques laboratoires de pointe disposent des technologies capables de qualifier toutes les molécules en suspension. Leur coût interdit tout équipement massif.Alors que faire ? Attendre des normes qui viendront trop tard ?Des maîtres d'ouvrage et les foncières visionnaires veulent montrer patte blanche pour obtenir d'avanatge de financements pour prendre de l'avance sur la qualité sanitaire de leurs actifs. Et les banques ont depuis quelques temps commencées à intégrer la santé dans le coût des prêts.Désormais, un bien immobilier qui prouvera sa bonne qualité sanitaire verra sa valeur augmenter naturellement, tout simplement parce que nous passons 90 % de notre temps à l'intérieur et que la santé est devenue le produit le plus recherché.C'est la prochaine révolution du bâtiment.Dans cette conférence enregistrée durant la biennale Bâtir Vivant, Ronan et Franck partagent leur expérience terrain, leurs méthodes et une conviction : on ne peut plus fabriquer des patrimoines sans savoir ce qui l'habille et ce qu'on y respire.Très bonne écoute !Site G-on : https://www.g-on.frSite G-on Life : https://www.g-on.lifeHébergé par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.