Podcasts about Suma

Colima ordena suspender  navegación a embarcaciones menoresBrugada se suma a condena expresada por SheinbaumONU exige liberar a cinco activistas indígenas condenadosMás información en nuestro Podcast

🎙️ Estimados oyentes y mecenas: En este episodio he querido acercarles, de manera concisa y accesible, al pensamiento de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, destacando su concepción de la percepción como núcleo de nuestra relación con el mundo. Espero que este recorrido contribuya a una mejor comprensión de su filosofía y despierte en ustedes el deseo de profundizar en su obra. Agradezco sinceramente su apoyo, que hace posible la continuidad de este espacio de reflexión y divulgación. Les invito a compartir sus comentarios y opiniones, que enriquecen este proyecto común. 📗ÍNDICE *. Resúmenes. 1. LAS RELACIONES MUNDANAS. 2. LA LIBERTAD CONDICIONADA. AQUÍ https://go.ivoox.com/rf/140832026 puedes escuchar una introducción al Existencialismo. Audio recomendado de la semana: Suma contra Gentiles - En Dios no cabe la adición de una diferencia específica. https://go.ivoox.com/rf/83761727 🎼Música de la época: 📀 Sintonía: Sinfonía n.º 5, op. 74 – Malcolm Arnold, estrenada el 1 de octubre de 1961. 🎨Imagen: Maurice Merleau-Ponty (Rochefort-sur-Mer, 15 de marzo de 1908​-París, 3 de mayo de 1961) fue un filósofo fenomenólogo francés, fuertemente influido por Edmund Husserl. 👍Pulsen un Me Gusta y colaboren a partir de 2,99 €/mes si se lo pueden permitir para asegurar la permanencia del programa ¡Muchas gracias a todos!

Fiscalía suma nueva causa penal contra Claudio Orrego tras informe de Contraloría que detectó irregularidades en dineros de campaña by El Líbero

BNR a aruncat în piață aproximativ șapte miliarde de euro în zilele în care piața valutară a fost nervoasă. Suma ne arată cât de mare a fost presiunea asupra leului și cât de mulți investitori au vrut să cumpere euro. Mulți au așteptat ziua de ieri pentru a vedea statisticile privind rezervele valutare ale Băncii Naționale a României. Curiozitatea era legată de mișcarea cursului de schimb leu-euro între cele două tururi de scrutin ale alegerilor prezidențiale. Atunci, euro a depășit pragul psihologic de 5 lei, iar BNR a pus „la bătaie” sume importante din rezerva valutară pentru ca deprecierea leului să nu fie mult mai mare.În acele zile, mulți investitori au cumpărat euro, cererea pentru moneda europeană fiind mult mai mare decât de obicei, iar acest lucru s-a simțit și asupra cursului valutar și asupra rezervei valutare a BNR.Câți bani a cheltuit banca centrală din rezervă? Aceasta era întrebarea din mintea multor specialiști. Estimările au apărut chiar în acele zile. De exemplu, un raport al băncii austriece Erste arăta că BNR a cheltuit șase miliarde de euro pentru a apăra leul. În urmă cu câteva zile, guvernatorul BNR plusa într-o conferință de presă spunând că sumele utilizate de banca centrală au fost chiar mai mari decât cele vehiculate în spațiul public.Ieri, prin datele statistice avem confirmarea că intervenția BNR în piața valutară a fost de amploare. Respectiv, luna trecută, rezervele valutare ale BNR au scăzut de la 62,4 miliarde la 55,6 miliarde, adică mai puțin cu 6,8 miliarde de euro. Desigur, nu putem spune cu exactitate că toți acești bani au fost folosiți de BNR pentru a interveni în piață, pentru că datele statistice sunt prezentate global. Adică, intrările de valută provin din modificarea rezervelor minime în valută, alimentarea conturilor Ministerului Finanțelor și altele. La fel, ieșirile sunt reprezentate tot de modificarea rezervelor minime obligatorii, plățile în contul datoriei publice denominate în valută, plăți în contul Comisiei Europene și altele.Luna trecută, intrările au fost de 5,8 miliarde și ieșirile de 12,5 miliarde de euro. De obicei, în fiecare lună, intrările și ieșirile sunt echilibrate diferențele într-o parte sau alta fiind de cel mult un miliard de euro. De data aceasta, diferența este foarte mare, de 6,7 miliarde de euro în favoarea ieșirilor de valută, și cheia este la capitolul „și altele”. Adică, este foarte posibil ca aceste sume să fie apropiate de cele utilizate de BNR pentru intervențiile pe piață în zilele de după primul tur al alegerilor prezidențiale.Iată că se confirmă că mai mult de 10% din rezerva valutară a fost cheltuită în zilele în care piața valutară a fost nervoasă. Este o explicație bună pentru evoluția cursului de schimb leu-euro, pentru că este clar că banca centrală nu putea apăra, în acele zile, un nivel de curs de schimb indiferent de costuri. Dimpotrivă, a cheltui mai mult de 10% din rezerva valutară în doar câteva zile nu este deloc comod nici chiar pentru BNR care avea în aprilie a.c. o rezervă valutară de 62,4 miliarde de euro.Precizarea guvernatorului BNR, Mugur Isărescu, trebuie reținută. Acesta a spus că de fapt rezerva valutară utilizată nu a fost cheltuită, ci s-a schimbat din euro în lei. Este adevărat, dar moneda națională nu face parte din rezerva valutară, iar acest lucru se vede chiar din scăderea abruptă a rezervei în luna mai a.c.Am căutat o evoluție asemănătoare a rezervei valutare în ultimii ani, până la criza din anul 2009. Nu am găsit o scădere atât de abruptă, ceea ce arată amplitudinea extremă pe care a avut-o mișcarea pieței valutare între cele două tururi ale alegerilor prezidențiale.Este un exemplu, în octombrie 2024, când scăderea rezervei valutare a fost de aproape trei miliarde de euro, dar evoluția a fost legată de un vârf de plată al datoriei publice care a fost atunci de 1,85 miliarde de euro.Cauzele deprecierii leului sunt clare și le-a numit chiar guvernatorul BNR: discursul politic inflamat (capitalul pleacă atunci când aude de naționalizări și confiscări, spune Isărescu), rezultatul primului tur al alegerilor prezidențiale și demisia premierului. Și iată cum, în câteva zile, aproape șapte miliarde de euro „s-au volatilizat” din rezerva valutară a BNR.

Discuții pentru noul Guvern. Sorin Grindeanu, Ilie Bolojan, Dominic Fritz și Kelemen Hunor s-au întâlnit luni / Scenariile și calendarul discutat (HotNews) - Scurta lună de miere, săbiile din aceeași teacă și rana închisă. Concluziile primelor sondaje după alegeri (SpotMedia) - Moștenirea lui Nicușor Dan la Primăria Capitalei (Snoop) - Protest anunțat marți în Piața Victoriei, după crima din Cosmopolis. Printre revendicări, recunoașterea femicidului în legislație (Buletin de București) Discuții pentru noul Guvern. Sorin Grindeanu, Ilie Bolojan, Dominic Fritz și Kelemen Hunor s-au întâlnit luni / Scenariile și calendarul discutat (HotNews)Cei patru lideri de la PSD, PNL, USR și UDMR s-au întâlnit de la ora 16:00, iar în jurul orei 18:00 discuția s-a încheiat, conform surselor HotNews. Întâlnirea a avut loc la biroul lui Ilie Bolojan de la Senat, iar presa nu a fost informată în avans.În timpul discuției, Sorin Grindeanu, Ilie Bolojan, Dominic Fritz și Kelemen Hunor au stabilit să formeze 16 grupuri de lucru – câte unul aferent pentru fiecare minister. PSD are trei scenarii de lucru în acest moment privind viitorul guvern: să accepte un premier politic care să conducă coaliția până la viitoarele alegeri, să forțeze instalarea unui premier desemnat prin rotativă guvernamentală sau să aleagă să rămână în opoziție.Întrebat luni dacă PSD susține varianta unei rotative sau dacă partidul l-ar accepta drept variantă de premier pe Ilie Bolojan, Sorin Grindeanu a spus că „toate variantele sunt pe masă”. Ilie Bolojan a dat de înțeles, tot luni, după o ședință a liderilor PNL, că nu este de acord cu varianta rotativei guvernamentale.Liderii PSD, PNL, USR și UDMR și-ar dori ca săptămâna viitoare să aibă loc desemnarea premierului de către președintele Nicușor Dan, astfel încât pe 16-17 iunie să aibă locul votul în Parlament privind învestirea noului Guvern, conform surselor HotNews.Primele tăieri gândite la nivelul Guvernului: voucherele de vacanță, indemnizația de hrană și sporul de antenă la bugetari. Cât s-ar economisi (Libertatea)Viitorul guvern al României intenționează să taie inițial sporul de antenă primit de bugetari, dar și voucherele de vacanță și indemnizația de hrană, arată sursele Libertatea.Tăierile amintite vor duce la economii totale de 7,5 miliarde de lei, conform calculelor Libertatea. Suma este însă pe un an întreg, dar noi suntem deja la jumătatea anului, astfel că în mod realist se vor strânge din acestea maximum 4,2 miliarde de lei.Potrivit calculelor înaintate până în acest moment, Guvernul României trebuie să economisească aproximativ 30 de miliarde de lei pentru a reduce deficitul, preconizat până la finalul anului 2025, de la 9,3% din Produsul Intern Brut (PIB) la 7,5%.Este nevoie ca statul să taie masiv din investițiile inutile pentru a realiza deficitul scontat. Economiștii consultați de Libertatea au indicat programul Anghel Saligny, cel prin care primarii fac investiții de drumuri și gaze.În fine, experții spun că mai trebuie tăiate și alte programe: Rabla, Start-Up Nation, Femeia Antreprenor, Subvențiile pentru partide, Sumele forfetare acordate în Parlament, Construcția de stadioane prin Compania Națională de Investiții.Scurta lună de miere, săbiile din aceeași teacă și rana închisă. Concluziile primelor sondaje după alegeri (SpotMedia)În analiza editorialistei SpotMedia sunt sondajele NSCOP și AVANGARDE au fost realizate telefonic la final de mai, 26 -30 mai, respectiv 23- 28 mai.Ce ar fi de remarcat?1.Încrederea de care beneficiază președintele Nicușor Dan nu este nici pe departe atât de mare după cum era vehiculat. Este o cotă de încredere sub 50 % în ambele sondaje.Încrederea sub 50% arată că luna de miere a președintelui ar putea fi mai scurtă decât a altor președinți care au avut scoruri de încredere postelectorale mai mari- Iohannis 60%, Băsescu 63%.Dl Dan trebuie să înceapă să livreze rapid, iar în mare măsură campania electorală, implicit așteptările, nu a fost despre atribuțiile președintelui, ci ale premierului.2.Ilie Bolojan este cu doar câteva procente în urma lui Nicușor Dan, dar cu o notorietate mai mică.3.Analiza detaliată a sondajului INSCOP, realizată de Remus Ștefureac, arată România rămâne fracturată. Încrederea noului președinte în zona AUR este de numai 6%. Principala misiunea a președintelui ar trebui să fie să acceseze zona aceasta ostilă, să o capteze, să îi câștige încrederea.4.George Simion este în scădere. Și cel mai probabil ea va continua.5.Sondajul INSCOP l-a măsurat pe locul al patrulea în clasamentul încrederii, cu 26%, pe liderul UDMR Kelemen Hunor. El capitalizează acum imaginea muncită ani de zile de lider serios, echilibrat, elegant.  În acest moment, dl Kelemen Hunor nu mai este doar liderul maghiarilor, ci unul dintre liderii politici ai României, a schimbat liga.Încrederea atât de mare pentru liderul UDMR, mult dincolo de bazinul electoral tradițional maghiar, marchează un moment istoric. Între atâtea răni care sfâșie societatea, iată că una se închide, ceea ce este esențial în fața filonului naționalist care, cel puțin o vreme, nu se va diminuaMoștenirea lui Nicușor Dan la Primăria Capitalei (Snoop)În patru ani și șapte luni, Nicușor Dan nu a reușit să livreze rezultate pe măsura așteptărilor bucureștenilor și a problemelor cronice ale orașului. Asta însă într-un context dificil: preluarea mandatului cu datorii de 3 miliarde lei la Primăria Capitalei și un Guvern care a redus în mod constant bugetul PMB în favoarea județului Ilfov și a primăriilor de sector. Plusuri: investiții în termoficare, desființarea majorității companiilor municipale, limitare a dezvoltării urbanistice haotice, finalizarea stației de epurare de la Glina.Minusuri: traficul rămâne aglomerat, poluarea ridicată, lipsa consolidării clădirilor cu risc seismic, problemele cu apa caldă și căldura persistă. Dar aceste disfuncționalități nu pot fi corectate în doar patru ani, ci cer decenii de investiții și politici susținute, atarge atenția jurnalista Catiușa Ivanov în analiza sa de pe Snoop.ro.Protest anunțat marți în Piața Victoriei, după crima din Cosmopolis. Printre revendicări, recunoașterea femicidului în legislație (Buletin de București)Centrul FILIA, Centrul pentru Resurse Juridice și Feminism România organizează marți, 3 iunie, un protest în Piața Victoriei, sub mesajul „Niciuna înfrântă. Niciuna uitată. Niciuna mai puțin.” Manifestația vine în contextul crimei din 31 mai, când o femeie însărcinată a fost împușcată mortal, în timp ce se afla cu fiica ei de trei ani într-un complex rezidențial din județul Ilfov.Cazul Teodorei Marcu este al 25-lea femicid înregistrat în România în ultimele cinci luni, potrivit organizatorilor, care atrag atenția asupra lipsei unor măsuri eficiente de prevenție și protecție a victimelor violenței de gen.Autorul faptei, un bărbat de 49 de ani, fusese denunțat de victimă pentru ani de abuzuri sexuale, fizice și psihice. Abuzul a început când aceasta avea doar 14 ani.Pe larg, pe pagina Buletin de București.

Los consejeros del INE advierten que la distribución masiva de 'acordeones' para orientar el voto en la elección judicial es ilegal y debe investigarse. La CNTE suma 15 días de paro; Sheinbaum insiste en diálogo...pero no con ella. Capítulos 00:00 - Introducción 00:34 - Uso de acordeones y celulares para votar 02:42 - El paro de la CNTE en CDMX

Estados Unidos ha perdido su calificación crediticia perfecta. Moody's acaba de rebajar la nota de AAA a Aa1, sumándose a Fitch y S&P. En este episodio exploramos por qué este cambio es relevante, qué lo motivó y cómo podría impactar al sistema financiero global.Hablamos del contexto detrás de esta decisión: el crecimiento del déficit fiscal, los nuevos planes presupuestales del gobierno y cómo estos factores influyen en la percepción del riesgo país. También explicamos por qué, a pesar de esta baja, los bonos del Tesoro siguen siendo considerados activos de altísima calidad, utilizados incluso como equivalente de efectivo en los mercados financieros.Una conversación para entender cómo se mide la solidez económica de un país y qué pueden aprender los inversionistas de largo plazo frente a este tipo de ajustes.

De 'Un libro, una hora'  en la radio a la publicación de  'Cien libros, una vida"  (Aguilar) . Nuestro bibliotecario Antonio Martínez Asensio presenta su libro con cien títulos que le han marcado en Hoy por Hoy. No repite ningún autor o autora y los ha dividido en cuatro grupos: 'Los clasicazos", "los clásicos modernos", "Serán clásicos" y "Mis lecturas más personales" . Es una guía literaria o una macro lista vital del mejor contador de libros de este país. De los 100 le hemos obligado ha donarno los tres que para él son los más importantes en su vida lectora y nos ha dejado : 'El soldado de porcelana' de Horacio Vázquez Rial (Verticales de Bolsillo) , 'Los seres felices' de Marcos Giralt Torrente (Anagrama) y  'Mentira' de Enrique de Hériz (Edhasa) .  Además, en su función de bibliotecario radiofónico nos dejó los  libros que le inspiró  la actualidad de la semana:  'Solenoide' de Mircea Cartarescu (Impedimenta) , 'Los memorables' de Lidia Jorge (La umbría y la solana),  'Un polaco en la corte del Rey Juan Carlos" de Manuel Vázquez Montalbán (Alfaguara), 'La democracia amenazada' de Jesús A. Martínez (Cátedra) y 'Como los ricos saquean el planeta y cómo impedírselo' de Hervé Kemppf, ilustrado por Juan Méndez (Garbuix Books) . por útimo dejó el libro que nos contará en 'Un libro , una hora'  'Vuelo nocturno' de Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (Anaya) . El empleado de la Biblioteca de Hoy por Hoy Pepe Rubio nos trajo las novedades: 'Valentina' de María Zabay (Suma) y  'La toffana' de Vanessa Monfort (Espasa). Pascual Donate volvió a rescatar un libro perdido en la redacción de la SER y, ojo, encontró uno de sexo:  'Sexamor' de Silvia Sanz (Aguilar) . Y finalmente las donaciones de los oyentes: 'Cuerpos y almas' de Maxence Van Der Meersch (DeBolsillo),  'Mujer de rojo  sobre fondo gris' de Miguel Delibes (Destino)  , 'Celia lo que dice' y 'Celia en la revolución' de Elena Fortún (Renacimiento)

Daniel en ¨Amor por la Radio¨, emisión especial- 16/10/2021 Conducido por Gabriel Ciccione y Diego Battista, este programa de radio es un espacio de reflexión que busca descubrir la vibración que nos conecta, la energía que une al universo…. ¨El Amor¨. Transmitido por redes sociales. Buenos Aires, Argentina Programa del día 16 de Octubre de 2021. Temas Desarrollados: 00:03:48 Se comenta de jóvenes de corta edad que delinquen y toman la vida de otra persona, ¿el desprecio por la vida es algo que se puede gestar en un corto tiempo de vida por la falta de amor o es algo que se trae de otras vidas? Suma de pequeños hechos - El fruto es en relación a las raíces – Formar a quienes vienen creciendo en la existencia de límites – Falta de formación humana – Quitar el mal de raíz - Vidas pasadas – la vida del espíritu – Diferencia entre sociedad y civilización – ¿Qué es pecar? 00:38:51 ¿Cómo se hace para mejorar la autoestima? Reconocer con humildad nuestro - Distinguir el mundo interno, poner orden – Confundir ego con autoestima – Autoestima: término moderno. 00:49:02 Una joven de 17 años quedo embarazada. Pide a su mamá practicar un aborto. Su madre se niega porque considera que hay una vida dentro de su hija ¿Qué hacer en esos casos? Particularidad en cada situación más allá de los extremos posibles. La importancia del entendimiento y llamar a la conciencia. 01:05:00 ¿Perdimos el manual de instrucciones que nos dieron para la vida y creamos el nuestro a nuestra manera? Aprender para leer “el manual” – El ser conoce cómo vivir – Analogía con El libro de los Iniciados – Escribir entre todos un “manual común” 01:18:37 Mucha gente da continuamente bendiciones ¿realmente saben el significado de dar una bendición? ¿Cuál es el significado de la misma? Poseer para compartir – Entender las leyes de la vida – Respetar las leyes nos hace benditos. 01:48:18 ¿A qué tipo de pobres aludía Jesús, a los de materia, a los de espíritu o a ambos? Distintas maneras de entender la pobreza y la riqueza – Movimiento de la nueva era – prestar atención a o que Jesús expresaba y cómo utilizaba las palabras. 01:50:59 ¿Cuál es el propósito que tiene la segunda venida del Cristo? Continuidad de la enseñanza – Devoción hacia los ideales en lugar de adoración - Diferencia entre adoración y devoción – Era de la comunicación - Primera iniciación Jerárquica para la humanidad – Enseñanzas más elevadas – Confusión en quienes quedaron atesorando y adorando – Cercanía de la luz – Entender el mensaje para amarlo – Despertar la devoción – ¿Qué es la creencia? – Comprensión de los ideales – Tomar lo nuevo recordando lo que se enseñó. -Suscríbete a nuestro canal: https://www.youtube.com/@impulsodeunanuevavida -Síguenos en nuestras Redes Sociales: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/impulsodeuna... Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/impulsodeun... -Visita nuestro sitio web: http://www.impulsodeunanuevavida.org/ #DanielFerminades #Impulsodeunanuevavida #Filantropo #Conciencia #Paciencia #Compasión #Espíritu #VerdadesDeveladasDesdeLaConciencia https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atVPE7icmUA

Os traigo las crónicas diarias de los sucedido en las etapas del Giro de Italia 2025. ETAPA 11 Richard Carapaz en su mejor versión gana Isaac del Toro tiene gana de guerra. Suma bonus La escapada lo intentó, pero no le dejaron Día de mucho desgaste. Previa etapa 12 No te olvides de darle LIKE ❤️ y COMENTAR ✍️ A los mandos de las bicicletas: David Gómez ( https://twitter.com/davidesportista ) Si no eres FAN y quieres escuchar este episodio y todos los que hay para FANS; ¡Haz CLIC en el botón de APOYAR y conviértete en un FAN de Ciclismo de Ayer y de Hoy! ️ Ten acceso a los episodios EXCLUSIVOS para FANS, no tendrás publicidad y ayudas al mantenimiento del proyecto. ¿Quién puede dar más? ¿Nos acompañáis en esta ruta? ➡️Únete a nuestro canal de TELEGRAM. Comentamos las carreras, jugamos a intentar adivinar el ganador de las carreras, hacemos piña alrededor del ciclismo t.me/ciclismoayerhoy SUBSTACK: https://open.substack.com/pub/ciclismoayerhoy Nuestro Twitter: https://twitter.com/ciclismoayerhoy Nuestro BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/ciclismoayerhoy.bsky.social Nuestro canal de Youtube: https://youtube.com/@ciclismoayerhoy Página de Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61568610367016

Amb portes obertes i visites guiades gratuïtes al Museu del Mar i a Es Tint.

El equipo de austin le saca un punto al lider de la conferencia del Oeste, Vancouver, donde ninguno de los dos se hicieron daño dejando el marcador 0-0.La afición sigue dudando del ataque del equipo a pesar de que se jugó un mejor fútbol a comparación de los últimos partidos

La commemoració ha inclòs la lectura del Manifest institucional de la Generalitat de Catalunya i una ofrena floral al monument contra l'homofòbia, situat al passeig Marítim, a l'altura de la platja de l'Estanyol. S'han encarregat de la lectura del manifest regidores i regidors del consistori i membres de l'associació Colors Sitges Link i ha tancat la lectura la regidora Carme Gasulla oferint un seguit de dades entorn les violències contra el col·lectiu LGTBIQ+. Tot seguit s'ha dut a terme la lectura del manifest propi creat per l'associació sitgetana que lluita en favor dels drets del col·lectiu LTBIQ+ a càrrec de membres de l'entitat que presideix Prado Garcia. Tot plegat forma part de les activitats del Més de l'Orgull en el que es reivindica la diversitat sexual i de gènere del col·lectiu LGTBIQ+, entre aquestes destaca la Sitges Pride que se celebrarà del 5 al 8 de juny s'organitzaran tot i que el plat fort d'aquest esdeveniment serà el diumenge 8 de juny amb la desfilada de l'orgull, com cada any, a partir de les 17 hores, al passeig de la Ribera. L'entrada Sitges se suma al Dia Internacional contra la LGTBI-fòbia ha aparegut primer a Radio Maricel.

Anksčiau nei su federacijos vadovais ar rinktinės treneriais Jonas Valančiūnas susitiko su Jonu Miklovu ir Karoliu Tiškevičiumi. Jūsų dėmesiui – atviras, nuoširdus ir betarpiškas pokalbis su Lietuvos rinktinės kapitonu. Pokalbio partneriai: - Boozt.com švenčia 3 metų gimtadienį Lietuvoje! Šia proga beveik visam asortimentui taikomos nuo 30% iki 50% nuolaidos! O jei rasite prekių be nuolaidų – pasinaudokite mūsų kodu BASKETNEWS30, kuris suteiks 30% nuolaidą viskam! Kodas galioja perkant bent už 69 Eur, iki gegužės 31 d., nuolaida nesumuojama su kitomis nuolaidomis ir kodais. – Oficialu - tik Telia 5G veikia net 95 % Lietuvos, faktas. Tik dabar užsisakęs Telia 5G internetą namams išsirink dovaną: Samsung Galaxy planšetę arba išmanų žiedą RingConn. Ir mėgaukis numeris vienas greičiausiu Telia mobiliuoju ryšiu visoje Lietuvoje. Ryšių reguliavimo tarnybos 2025-05-07 duomenys, tikėtinos operatorių 5G tinklų aprėptys teritorijoje procentais pagal silpną signalo lygį. Daugiau informacijos: https://www.rrt.lt/judriojo-rysio-tinklu-tiketinos-aprepties-zonos/. Ryšių reguliavimo tarnybos 2025 m. mobiliojo ryšio greičio matavimų duomenimis „Telia“ mobilus ryšys yra greičiausias Lietuvoje. Daugiau informacijos: https://matavimai.rrt.lt/. Temos: Ilgai lauktas svečias (0:00); Tėtis Jonas sūnaus rungtynėse Estijoje (2:13); Kaip garsi pavardė spaudžia vaikus (5:58); Konlfliktas su Pačėsu ir būsimas pokalbis su Kurtinaičiu (11:45); Buzelio sprendimas ir kas jei nelieka Pačėso? (23:38); Kodėl Buzelis mums toks svarbus? (32:08); Neregėta Buzelio koncentracija (40:38); Jono bendravimas su Buzeliais (47:18); Jono pažadai dėl žaidimo Europoje, karjeros NBA pabaiga ir skausmai (50:30); Mainai į Sakramentą ir žaidimas su Domu ir Kleiza (55:48); Pačėso aktyvumas internete (1:04:58); Sumažėjęs JV vaidmuo ir Sabonio sveikata (1:06:34); Priekaištai praeities rinktinėms – pagrįsti ir ne (1:12:17); Filipinuose užpykęs Sėkla ir jo skambutis Valančiūnui (1:23:00); Aukštaitijoje siautėjanti meška (1:26:33); Laikas išsiaiškinti su Pačėsu (1:28:00).

Carlos Antonio Vélez, en sus Palabras Mayores del 14 de mayo de 2025, habló de la Selección Colombia, de la convocatoria que tendría Kevin Mier y de los trabajos que hará el equipo nacional en Medellín, antes de concentrarse en Barranquilla. Vélez se refirió a las criticas que ha recibido Carlo Ancelotti en Brasil. Carlos Antonio mencionó los nuevos reconocimiento de Luis Díaz en Europa y analizó los "fracasos" de James Rodríguez.

Les dues cantautores nord-americanes actuen tant en solitari com formant parella art

Mientras trabajaba como mecánico en los años 30, un joven afroamericano llamado Garrett Morgan notó los frecuentes accidentes en las intersecciones viales. En vez de quedarse indiferente, inventó un semáforo de tres luces. Su diseño fue adoptado en todo el país, salvando innumerables vidas. Morgan nunca buscó fama; solo vio una necesidad y decidió actuar. Muchas veces creemos que solo las decisiones grandes definen nuestras vidas. Pero es en la obediencia diaria, en las acciones pequeñas, donde se forja el carácter y el propósito. En la Biblia, vemos cómo una viuda usó su última harina para alimentar al profeta Elías, o cómo un niño ofreció cinco panes y dos peces. Por lo tanto, ningún acto guiado por fe es insignificante. De modo que, no subestimes tu obediencia hoy. Puede parecer pequeña, rutinaria o silenciosa, pero Dios la ve y la multiplicará para Su gloria. Así que, vive con intención. Escoge servir, perdonar, ayudar o perseverar. Tus decisiones diarias son semillas que Dios hará crecer. La Biblia dice en Zacarías 4:10: “Porque los que menospreciaron el día de las pequeñeces se alegrarán” (RV1960).

Un nou èxit que cal afegir a la història del Rugby Club Sitges. I és que el passat dissabte, els sitgetans es van guanyar el dret de jugar l'any vinent a la Divisió d'Honor B després de derrotar al Rugby Club Ponent. La UE Sitges tindrà una darrera oportunitat per poder disputar la promoció d'ascens a la Lliga Elit, però ho té molt complicat després de l'empat al camp del campió Ciudad Cooperativa. El futbol bas sitgetà també afegeix un nou èxit, en aquest cas el que ha protagonitzat l'aleví A sub 12 de la Blanca amb el seu ascens a la Preferent. Pau Simó, president del Bàsquet Sitges, fa un primer balanç de la temporada amb especial atenció al que ha estat el decens del sènior A. L'entrada ESPORTS: el Rugby Club Sitges jugarà a Divisió d’Honor B l’any vinent, després d’imposar-se al Ponent. La UE Sitges suma al camp del campió però l’empat deixa la sensació d’ocasió perduda ha aparegut primer a Radio Maricel.

NotiMundo Estelar - Andrés Castillo, El oficialismo suma respaldos en el Legislativo, ¿ya hay acuerdos? by FM Mundo 98.1

JAV viceprezidentas Vance`as, kalbėdamas Miuncheno saugumo konferencijos Vašingtone organizuotame renginyje pasakė, kad Rusija kelia pernelyg daug sąlygų karui Ukrainoje užbaigti.Pirmajame balsavime konklavoje kardinolai neišrinko naujo popiežiaus. Virš Siksto koplyčios Vatikane trečiadienio vakarą pakilo juodi dūmai.Šiandien Šilutės rajone, Macikų kaime bus paminėtos antrojo pasaulinio karo pabaigos Europoje 80-osios metinės.Šiandien Seimas balsuos, ar riboti greičio matavimo prietaisų įrengimą keliuose.Kauno rajono Ramučių kaimo gyventojai skundžiasi intensyviu kvapu, sklindančiu iš šalia veikiančios medienos apdirbimo įmonės.Lietuviai socialiniuose tinkluose dalijasi įrašu, kuriame matomas visai greta kelio risnojantis lokys. Ar tikri šie vaizdai?Ved. Rūta Kupetytė

Za vlád Smeru a Hlasu už mala stáť špičková koncová nemocnica v Bratislave na štyroch rôznych miestach. Robili sa analýzy, pripravovali pozemky, búralo sa. Stálo nás ťažké milióny eur. Nakoniec sa má stavať inde. Nemocnicu za miliardu a tristo miliónov eur, odkopírovanú z Prešova, bude stavať ministerstvo obrany v Bratislavských Vajnoroch.Čo bude medzitým robiť minister zdravotníctva a čo hovorí na to, že sa opozícia Hlasu posmieva, že jej Smer zobral ďalšie ministerstvo? A bude už toto určite posledný plán a nemocnicu naozaj postavíme?Zatiaľ čo na mamičku s deťmi padne omietka a zraní ich, alebo v nemocnici na infekčnom lozia šváby a ľudia sa sami v zbierkach skladajú na rekonštrukcie v nemocniciach, premiér rieši zastavenie nákupov mRNA vakcín a hlasno podporuje splnomocnenca, ktorí má očkovaných ľudí za modifikované kukurice a vedcov za tragédov. Čo na to hovorí minister zdravotníctva, ak jeho kolega minister školstva odkazuje, že to je hanba?Braňo Závodský sa rozprával s ministrom zdravotníctva Kamilom Šaškom.

Last time we spoke about the Battle for the Great Wall of China. In 1933, the Kwantung Army faced logistical struggles and sought political deals with Chinese warlords to seize North China. Despite capturing key areas, chaos reigned as their unauthorized operations defied Tokyo's orders. When Emperor Hirohito demanded a withdrawal, the army reluctantly complied, derailing a coup attempt. Though peace talks followed, distrust persisted, and rogue Japanese commanders plotted fresh offensives. The Tanggu truce was anything but fair to China. The Japanese followed it up with continuous negotiations aimed at slicing more and more out of China. By 1935 North China was practically annexed if but all in official terms. The Japanese seized postal rights, train rights, airline rights, set up puppets to police a new demilitarized zone and seemed never appeased fully. Yet they did not only have their eye on Northern China.    #149 Incidents in North China: Operation Chahar Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. May 1935, marked the peak of Sino-Japanese efforts at reconciliation. Yet this quickly fell apart in June as the Kwantung Army continued to encroach in North China. More specifically they began to look at Chahar province. Between January and May of 1935 some 50 instances of anti-Japanese violence had broken out in North China and behind these outbursts seemed to be Yu Xuecheng, the chairman of Hubei's provincial Government. He was not alone in his efforts as many KMT members, generals in the Central Army and Blue Shirt Society also had helping hands to play. The Japanese were particularly infuriated by incessant attacks from the bandit army led by Sun Yungqin and the assassinations of two pro-Japanese figures operating in Tientsin, Pai Yuhuan and Hu Enpu. Even with th support of the Kwantung Army, maintaining law and order in the demilitarized region established by the Tanggu Trace proved a serious undertaking. The Nanjing government tried exploit the situation, encouraging Sun Yungqin's bandits to create chaos in the demilitarized region. Sun Yungqin's bandit frequently crossed the Great Wall into Rehe in raids. Each time the Kwantung Army attempted to catch them as they fled into the demilitarized region. They particularly liked to do so in the Zunhua district where the official He Xiaoyi supplied the bandits with munitions and provisions. On May 17th, the Kwantung Army was fed up and elected to cross the Great Wall to crush Sun Yungqin once and for all. The Japanese army attache at Peiping, Major Takahasi Tan, notified the Chinese authorities of this decision, claiming the Kwantung Army had the authority to do so under certain provisions within the Tanggu agreement. Beginning on May 20th, the Sugihara Mixed Brigade began its hunt and claimed to have uncovered evidence that Yu Xuecheng had helped guide Sun Yingqin's bandits away from their force. The Japanese also argued the bandits were operating in Manchuria and were calling themselves the “Northeastern Patriotic Volunteers” led by General He Yingqing, the current chairman of the Peiping Branch Military Council.  The bandits were said to have been completely crushed within 5 days by a single brigade. The Japanese also forced the resignation of Yu Xuecheng who refused to organize an anti-chiang kai-shek movement. Shortly before the operation launched, two pro-Japanese newspaper publishers, secretly supported by the Japanese Special Service Agency were assassinated in Tientsin. On May 2nd, Hu Enpu of the Kuochuan pao “national rights” was shot in bed at the Peiyang Hotel in the Japanese concession. That same night, Pai Yuhuan of Chen Pa was murdered in his home. Consul General Kawagoe reported to Tokyo, Hu Enpu and Pai Yuhuan were performing a mission through their newspapers to arouse anti-chiang Kai-shek sentiment in North China. As stated by Kawagoe "Hu and Pai did not have a particularly close personal relationship, but they were regarded with extreme suspicion by the Chinese. Since they were assassinated on the same night, we immediately suspected there was some political intrigue behind these crimes."   Japanese police looked into the matter and discovered the criminals had used a car bearing the plate number 1063 which was owned by Shen Qucheng who was a resident of the Japanese concession. Many suspects were interrogated, and given what they were saying, the Japanese suspected the man behind the assassinations was General Yang Hu, the peace preservation commissioners of Shanghai and an alleged member of the Blue Shirt Society. The Japanese also believed Yang Hu was hiding in the French concessions in Shanghai. In protest of this, the Japanese invoked the Boxer Protocol and Tanggu Truce: “1) The Sun incident and the assassinations of the pro-Japan, proManchukuo newspaperpublishers violated the North China [T'angku] Cease-fire Agreement of May 1933. The North China Cease-fire Agreement stipulated that China would not take any action disturbing the peac e on either side of a line from Lut'ai to Paoti and T'ungchou. The above provision extends to all of China and should of course be applied to any defiant deeds of Chines e officials that threaten the peac e in the Peiping-Tientsin region. The Sun incident and the assassinations of Pai and Hu are clearly contrary to the above agreement.  2) The official note exchanged by China and Japan upon the return of Tientsin in 1902 is applicabl e to the murder of Pai Yühuan. This note stated: "In the event a Chines e national who is employed by a foreign army is accused of disobeying the law, the commander of the army that employs the said Chines e national, in order that the matter may be decided in the most suitable manner has the option of punishing him personally or voluntarily delivering him to the appropriate Chinese authorities. Your government must agree to this arrangement.” Since Pai, as already stated, was in the employ of the Japanese army, his murder is clearly a deed which violates the above note."  Thus the Japanese invoked the right that the commander of the Tientsin garrison had the authority to maintain security and try any criminals. Because the Japanese Army claimed it had authority to conduct investigations, trials and deal punishment within two miles of the Peiping-Shanhaigaun rail line it insisted to do so given the recent events. This actually distorted some of the specifics of the Tanggu Treaty, thus the Japanese were on loose grounds. On May 25th, Tokyo HQ was forewarned of the actions the Kwantung Army would undertake in North China. So Tokyo sent Colonel Sakai Takashi the Tientsin army chief of staff and attache Takahasi Tan called upon Yu Qiaqi, the secretary general of the Political affairs council and General He Yingqin. In fact Sakai backed this up with a threatening public statement: “The execution of anti-Manchukuo plots under the direction of the Chinese authorities, assistance to the "Chinese Patriotic Volunteer Forces," and various acts of terrorism directed against Japan are destructive of the cease-fire agreement. The headquarters for these crimes are in Tientsin and Peiping. Should this state of affairs continue, it will become necessary to incorporate the above two cities in the demilitarized zone. The murders of Hu and Pai are violations of the provisions of the Boxer Settlement and a challenge to Japan. If similar acts hereafter occur, Japan will, on the basis of its treaty rights, be forced to consider what action is necessary for the defense of its rights”. Additionally, Sakai demanded the withdrawal of all KMT aligned units, Blue Shirt Society members, the Political Training Corps of the Peiping Branch Military Council and the 3rd Regiment Military Police from North China. He also wanted Yu Xuecheng dismissed as chairman of Hubei. The next day in a move to intimidate Yu Xuecheng, the Tientsin Army deployed armored vehicles, artillery and machine guns directly in front of his official residence. It seemed now the Japanese sought to incorporate all of Hubei into the new demilitarized region. To make this happen, Sakai had independently put forward these demands, but they were recognized as an ultimatum from Japan, one for which for now had no deadline.  Chiang Kai-Shek, Wang Jingwei, Huang Fu and He Yingqin conferred over the situation and chose to informally talk with the Japanese while they kept the press quiet on the matter. The Chinese took their time, so to pressure them further, the Kwantung Army deployed a infantry battalion and one cavalry brigade at Shanhaiguan, while the Kawaguchi detachment concentrated around Gubeikou and two air force squadrons were brought over to Jinzhou. The Tientsin Army readied two battalions at Tientsin and Tangshan, both prepared to advance to Peiping at a moments notice. After sending numerous orders not to escalate things, Tokyo HQ sent Colonel Kita Seiichi, the chief of its China desk to demand the Kwantung Army not use anymore force. Meanwhile the Imperial Japanese Navy, under the fear of Anglo-American intervention avoided escalating the situation, but kept the 3rd fleet on full alert.  Under immense pressure the Chinese buckled. At 6pm on June 10th, He Yingqin orally advised Major Takahashi that Nanjing would issue a directive ordered the immediate withdrawal of local KMT organs from Hubei; that the 51st NRA Army would depart by rail from Hubei between June 11th and 25th; that the end and 25th NRA divisions of the Central Army would also depart Hubei and that the KMT would issue a directive prohibiting anti-japanese activities throughout China. It was an incredibly embarrassing act and became known as the He-Umezu agreement. Under its provisions the Japanese had expelled the Central Army from North China, Yu Xuecheng's forces, all anti-Japanese organizations of any sort and all anti-Japanese officials were removed. The Japanese had heavily capitalized on the assassinations in Tientsin, however other incidents enabled our good friend Doihara to cause further mayhem.  Following the Tanggu truce, Song Queyuan's 29th Army, consisting of the 37th, 38th and 132nd divisions had been deployed throughout Chahar with his headquarters based at Kalgan. His troops understandably displayed a lot of anti-japanese attitude and behaviors. Like a broken record, it was only a matter of time until an incident organically presented itself. One of the first ones broke out in Changpei. According to the Japanese, so get your grains of salt ready, a group of 8 led by staff officer Kawaguchi Kiyotake of the Tientsin garrison and Ikeda Katsumi of the consulate at Kalga and planned an excursion to Inner Mongolia late October 1934. After completing all the necessary paperwork and procedures, such as securing visas and giving advance notice to the Chinese officials in the areas they would voyage, the Japanese departed Kalgan for Tolun on October 27th. Upon entering Changpei's south gate they were suddenly stopped by troops under Song Queyuans 132nd division alongside some Peace Preservation Corps men. Their commanding officer punched Ikeda as the rest of the party were threatened with Dao swords and rifles. After 40 minutes a Chinese security officer showed up to allow them all to pass through the South Gate.  The Japanese foreign Ministry and Army were obviously outraged by this incident. The vice Consul at Kalgan, Hashimoto Masayasu complained to the chief of staff of the 132nd division and Major Takahasi at Peiping lodged an official complaint with Song Queyuan. On November 25th, Song Queyuan ordered the general commanding the 132nd division, Chao Tengyu, to apologize and dismissed the officer who punched Ikeda. Song Queyuan then guaranteed safe travel for all Japanese throughout Chahar, without any inspection of their possession and he promised to withdraw his troops west of the Great Wall. All of this because a guy was punched, you can really get the sense the Chinese were walking on eggshells. In late 1934, a large contingent of Song Queyuan's cavalry had deployed to the area around Fengning in Rehe. They were defending strategic positions and establishing large peace preservation corps. The Kwantung Army repeatedly demanded they withdraw from the area and the Chinese had made promises as to such by December 31st. Rather than comply, the Chinese launched an offensive and captured 40 Manchukuo militiamen. Song Queyuan rewarded his men with a bounty of 300 silver yuan and ordered the arms of the enemy by handed to the district government of Kuyuan.  On January 17th, the Kwantung Army moved the Nagami detachment of the IJA 8th Division from Chengde to launch a punitive expedition against Song Queyuan's forces in the Kuyuan area. On the 20th the Peiping Branch Military Council informed the Kwantung Army Song Queyuan was already withdrawing his men. Thus the Nagami detachment who had advanced as far as Tat'an turned around for the Great Wall on the 22nd, when they were suddenly attacked by Song Queyuan's troops near Hungnit'an. The Kwantung Army were outraged by what they were calling the first incident in western Rehe. The so-called incident would be resolved on February 2nd nar Ta'an when Zhang Yueting acting on behalf of the NRA 37th division and Major General Tani Hisao on behalf of the IJA 7th division agreed to the following terms: “1) In the future China will strictly prohibit actions that antagonize the Japanese army and will neither move troops into Manchukuo nor adopt a threatening attitude toward Manchukuo. The Chinese will completely suspend their current spying activities, such as scouting the movements of the Kwantung Army.  2) If China violates the above pledges in the future, the Japanese  army will act independently and firmly, but the responsibility will be borne by the Chinese . If the Chinese forces increase their military strength or contemplate strengthening their fortifications, the Japanese army will regard these moves as hostile acts.  3) China is to have the government of Kuyuan district return all arms confiscated (from the Manchukuo militia and turn them over to the Japanese army at Nanweitzu by February 7.  4) The outcome of this conference will be jointly announced on February 4. In particular, the Chinese should be careful that in making their announcement they do not distort the contents of the agreement or engage in counterpropaganda”. Can you imagine there was a second incident at Changpei? 4 members of the Japanese Special Services Agency based out of Abga, some 40 miles northwest of Tolun had come to the same southgate around 4pm on June 5th, traveling to Kalgan. There they were detained by units of the 132nd division who refused to recognize their identification papers. They were apparently held without proper bedding or food, threatened with Dao swords and bayonets. The Japanese claimed it was all done under orders from Song Queyuan's chief of staff and that their officials were interrogated by the chief of military police at Changpei. On June 11th, Lt Colonel Matsui Gennosuke, the head of the Japanese Special Service Agency at Kalgan, demanded an apology from Song Queyuan and for the men responsible to be punished and for further guarantees for safe travel. Matsui also insinuated that unless Song Queyuan severed ties to Nanjing and became Pro-Japanese he might suffer the same fate that had befallen Yu Xuecheng. Clearly the Kwantung Army was looking to remove Song Queyuan's army from Chahar province. There were two major reasons for such a thing, so they could better protect the northwestern flank of Manchukuo and to support Prince De who was attempting a campaign to make Inner Mongolia independent from China.  On June 11th the Kwantung Army directed the Mukden Special Service Agency chief of staff, our old buddy, Doihara, currently in Peiping, to confer with the army attache there and with the Tientsin garrison. They were to push for Song Queyuan's army to be withdrawn south of the Yellow River as rapidly as possible. Tokyo HQ always keeping a close eye on their troublesome Kwantung Officers dispatch this notice to Doihara "Although we desire the evacuation of Song Queyuan's army from Chahar province, we disagree that we should, at this time, demand its withdrawal south of the Yellow River. Rather, its transfer to the Peiping-Hankow Railway line would be advisable." On June 13th, the General Staff advised the Kwantung Army the same message. The General staff then ordered every detachment in North China to act discreetly "If we shun excessive publicity at this time, we should, in view of the present situation, be able to achieve practical results without publicity." Since they were already getting their way in Hubei, Tokyo HQ did not want to risk rocking the boat in Chahar concurrently.  Then came a second western Rehe incident, according to the Chengde Special Service Agency, "On June 11, when a party led by a senior official of Fengning hsien was about to enter the town of Tungchatzu [in Manchukuo, about eight kilometers north of Tushihk'ou], it was attacked by rifle fire from Sung Che-yuan's troops stationed at Tushihk'ou. The next day, June 12, a member of the border police force in Hsiaoch'ang [in Manchukuo, about fifteen kilometers north of Tushihk'ou] was also fired upon by the same troops of Sung in the vicinity of Hsiaoch'ang."  On June 17th, the Kwantung Army General Minami Jiro met with the Tientsin Army chief of staff Sakai and the Special Service Agency chief at Kalgan, Matsui for a full report on the incident. After reviewing it, Minami drafted a policy to guide the Kwantung Army:  “The withdrawal of Sung Che-yuan's army will worsen the confusion in the Peiping-Tientsin region. This incident should be handled separately from the North China problem and should be negotiated locally with Sung Che-yuan. Our demands will be limited to the following:  1) withdrawal of the troops invading Manchukuo, together with their advance unit at Tolun;  2) removal of the forces back to the Kalgan area;  3) an apology by Sung Che-yuan;  4) punishment of those directly responsible for the Changpei incident; and  5) prohibition of anti-Japanese actions in the future.” The Chinese realized they needed to reach a quick settlement with the Kwantung Army. On the 18th He Yingqin met with Consul General Suma over in Nanjing. Suma was presented with a set of harsh demands from the Kwantung Army and that same day reported to the Executive Yuan he had decided to relieve Song Queyuan of his posts as governor and commander of the 29th Army. He then appointed as acting governor and provincial commissioner of civil affairs, Qin Dechun, who would take the 132nd division implicated in the Changpei incident south. The message was relayed to the Japanese military attache in Nanjing, Lt Colonel Amamiya Tatsumi. The man who relayed the message was Vice Foreign Minister Tang Yujen who also stated this "In view of the fact that China has moved voluntarily to dismiss Sung Che-yuan, to transfer his army, and to punish those responsible, we request that we not be confronted with an ultimatum in the form of various demands from the Kwantung Army with a deadline for reply." On June 19th, Nanjing officially implemented the promises made by He Yingqin and Tang Yujen and in turn the Kwantung Army wired Doihara in Peiping to stand down and wait to see if the Chinese did what they said they would. Doihara was probably disappointed he could not perform his 100th false flag operation he must have been cooking up. For any of you who watch my Youtube content, I used clips from the Chinese WW2 Drama series “Young Marshal” that depicts Doihara hilariously. You can check it out in my long format documentary on the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, its meme gold Doihara's clips, freaking out and smashing phones and such.  At 10 pm on June 23rd, Doihara, alongside Matsui and Takahasi visited Qin Dechen at his residence to negotiate a final understanding. There Doihara demanded China implement several measures to promote better relations with Japan such as withdrawing Song Queyuan's army southwest; give an apology for the Changpei incident; punish all those responsible; dissolve all the anti-japanese organizations in the region; ban Chinese immigration into Inner Mongolia; cease any oppressive actions against Mongolians and cooperate and encourage trade between Manchukuo, Inner Mongolia, North China; and appoint more Japanese military and political advisers. Just a laundry list he had worked up. So Qin Dechen apologized for the Changpei incident, stated they were already withdrawing Song Queyuan's men and dissolving all the anti-japanese organizations. Now he was orally agreeing to all of this, but he refused to put it in writing, prior to receiving the greenlight from Nanjing. Doihara understood and gave him time to talk to his government. The next day however another incident occurred, this time near Tuxukou. There a contingent of Song Queyuan's withdrawing troops fired upon Manchukuo police forces and in response the Tolun Special Service Agency dispatched a Mongolian unit led by Li Shuxin. It was not really much of an incident, just a minor confrontation all things given, so the Kwantung Army told Doihara to deal with Qin Dechen in private about it.On June 27th, Qin Dechen sent a formal reply to Doihara's demands in what became known as the Qin-Doihara agreement. It conformed with all the demands, seeing Song Queyuan's troops depart southwest while the security of Chahar was entrusted to two peace preservation units. One unit was responsible for the Chinese population, the other over the Mongolian. On August 28th, Song Queyuan was appointed garrison commander over the Peiping-Tientsin region with his 29th division joining Chao Tengyu's 132nd division and Liu Juming's 2nd division. Thus after the He-Umezu and Qin-Doihara agreements the Japanese had now expanded their influence into both Hubei and Chahar. 1935 saw a wave of incidents break out in the demilitarized region, prompting the Japanese to go into numerous negotiations with the Chinese to clamp down on anything they didn't like. Then on October 4th, Japan unleashed a document titled  “Concerning Policy towards China”: “The goal of our foreign policy is the development of East Asia and the maintenance of the security of East Asia through the cooperative concert of Japan, Manchukuo, and China, with Japan as the nucleus; this is likewise the objective of our policy toward China. To realize this objective on the basis of the outline below, the central and regional authorities of China must, by fair and just means, adjust their relations with Japan and Manchukuo so as to bring about an environment favorable to the establishment of basic relations between Japan, Manchukuo, and China.  1) China should adopt a good neighbor policy toward Japan, thoroughly suppress anti-Japanese activities, and abandon its policy of reliance on Europe and the United States. It should put this policy into practice and as a matter of course cooperate with Imperial Japan on practical problems.  2) Although China must eventually extend formal recognition to Manchukuo, until then it must recognize de facto the independence of Manchukuo and abandon its anti-Manchukuo policy. At least in North China, which borders on Manchukuo, the Chinese should promote economic and cultural cooperation with Manchukuo.  3) In view of the Communist threat emanating from Outer Mongolia and posing a common menace to Japan, Manchukuo, and China, China should cooperate in measures aimed at eliminating this menace from the region bordering Outer Mongolia.  4) When the above points have been put into effect and we recognize the good faith of China concerning friendly cooperation with Japan and Manchukuo, we shall first conclude comprehensive agreements on friendly cooperative relations between China and Japan, and thereafter draw up the agreement needed for regulating new relations between Japan, Manchukuo, and China” To this Chiang Kai-Shek replied could not recognize Manchukuo but that his government would do whatever it could peacefully to maintain economic activity between the people north and south of the Great Wall. He also stated no other country on earth was more concerned with the Communist menace in Mongolia than China. All of the appeasement efforts had brought Wang Jingwei to his boiling point and on August 8th he departed for Shanghai as he and his entire cabinet resigned. Chiang Kai-Shek personally came over and asked Wang Jingwei to withdraw his resignation given he offered him further support, and Wang Jingwei relented. Then on the morning of November 1st, after attending a meeting, Wang Jingwei was shot by a Chinese reporter for the Chenkuang Press, a company notably associated with Chiang Kai-Shek. Rumors spread the assassination attempt was inspired by anti-japanese elements such as Generals Yang Qi and Tang Shengzhi. With Wang Jingwei in the hospital, Chiang Kai-Shek was forced to take a larger role with the North China situation. Then Wang Jingwei departed for Europe seeking better medical care and wired his resignation on November 29th. Thus Chiang Kai-Shek succeeded him as president of the Executive Yuan and the coalition between him and Wang Jingwei had officially ended. With Chiang Kai-Shek now the only funnel from which action could be directed, the Japanese sent Ambassador Ariyoshi to China to persuade Chiang Kai-Shek to grant some form of autonomy for North China. By this point autonomy for North China had become part of Japan's national policy. Chiang Kai-Shek in response to this growing threat went to Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi, to meet with Yan Xishan. There he proposed that if Yan Xishan could unite the Northern Warlords, Chiang Kai-Shek would appoint him chairman of the political affairs council, with added authority over finances and diplomacy. Chiang Kai-Shek urged him to come attend the 6th plenum of the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee scheduled for November 1st. At this time Yan Xishan's Shanxi was struggling financially so he reconciled with Chiang Kai-Shek. To this effect Chiang Kai-Shek sent his vice chief of the Army General Staff Xing Pin to tour the north trying to persuade those like Song Queyuan and Han Fuju to not support the North China autonomy movement. The Japanese interpreted these efforts to thwart the autonomy movement as the underlying cause of all the anti-japanese incidents breaking out continuously. To this the Nanjing government disclaimed no responsibility and insisted they were doing everything the Japanese asked of them.  The Japanese began a massive campaign aimed at all the important leaders in North China. One man they managed to gain influence over was Yin Jukeng who on November 25th at Tungzhou, announced the inauguration of the East Hubei Anti-Communist Autonomous Council, claiming autonomy for the entire demilitarized region. Yin Jukeng's council consisted of 9 members whereupon he was chairman and took charge of foreign relations and military affairs. As you can imagine Nanjing immediately labeled him a traitor and ordered his arrest. Chiang Kai-Shek then rapidly sent word to the Japanese an official response to their “Concerning Policy towards China” document:  “To satisfy the various demands from the Japanese side, there should first of all be established in Hopei province an autonomous political administration; ultimately, this administration should be similar to that governing the southwestern region. Whether or not this administration should be extended to other regions will be determined after the results in Hopei have been ascertained.  1) Although the campaign to wipe out the Communists is progressing, the Communist bandits have fled toward Kansu. Since this raises the danger that the Communists may spread into Inner Mongolia, the defense against the Communists in North China should be conducted jointly.  2) Certain aspects of the new monetary system are not suited to North China, and appropriate modifications will be made in this respect.  3) Efforts are to be made to harmonize economic interchange among the people on both sides of the Great Wall.  4) To meet the special needs of the region, the local administration should be given authority to enable it to exercise suitable control over financial matters in North China.  5) Pending issues are to be settled locally in a rational manner.  6) The aim will be to employ talented people to carry out the above tasks and to establish an ideal government.” Chiang Kai-Shek dispatched He Yingqin to reign in the situation at Peiping, but upon his arrival he believed the situation was beyond his control. He Yingqin reported that it was his belief the only way for Nanjing to retain some degree of authority in the region was to create a new political organ to do so. Thus on December 11th, the Nationalist government established the Hubei-Chahar Political Council chaired by Song Queyuan. Song Queyuan declared the new council would assume all responsibility for administering Hubei and Chahar and promised  "to respect the wishes of the people, endeavor in particular to relieve the economic distress of the region, and maintain the peace of East Asia on the basis of Sino-Japanese amity."  Thus within all this madness now two autonomous regimes co-existed in North China. The East Hubei Anti-Communist Autonomous Council would administer 22 prefectures while the Hubei-Chahar Political Council would administer Hubei, Chahar, Peiping and Tientsin. As you might imagine, relations between these two councils was complex and ambiguous. The 22 prefectures the former administered were under the jurisdiction of the other. One was a Japanese puppet, the other was controlled by Nanjing who refused to recognize the other. Japan immediately exploited their newfound chaotic gains in North China. In May of 1936 the 2000 troops of the Tientsin garrison army was boosted to 5600 led by General Tashiro Kan'ichiro. This was done under the guise it was to defend against communists and protect Japanese citizens. The position of the commander of the Tientsin garrison was officially promoted to encompass full responsibility for the situation in North China, exactly the same as the Kwantung Army's role over Manchukuo. Thuse both the Kwantung Army and what was henceforth called the China Garrison had clearly defined roles. One would be responsible for Manchukuo, the other over North China. Japan had neutralized Rehe, Chahar and Hubei, all of whom would fall directly under their influence. But was Japan satisfied?  I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Its not always through military means that nations can encroach upon other nations. Japan was showcasing how it could bully away parts of China through threats alone it was working miracles. How long could Chiang Kai-Shek carry on like this? Would it be Japan or his own people that would hang him for losing China?

In this episode, Emily Ronquillo, Director of Marketing & Design, and Jason Moodie, Director of Learning & Visitor Experience, sit down with three SUU faculty members from different areas of the university to talk about how they engage with the museum in their courses.Kevin Koontz from Outdoor Recreation and Parks and Tourism tells us about how his classes visit SUMA to learn more about museum interpretation. Alex Bradshaw-Yerby from Dance shares how her students react to exhibitions through movement. And Susanna Herrmann from Graphic Design talks about how she uses the museum's collection to teach typography and poster design. We hope you learn more about how SUMA is an educational resource at SUU. If you want to bring a class for a tour at SUMA or learn even more about how to connect the museum to your syllabus, you can reach out to Jason at experiencesuma@suu.edu.

Hoy te presentamos un episodio muy especial. Nos acompañó en cabina el Dr. Eduardo Delvo, médico, escritor y creador de contenido que ha cautivado a miles con sus reels que parecen cuentos, pero están llenos de ciencia, humanidad y mensaje.Eduardo nos comparte cómo estructura sus historias, cómo prepara cada publicación para las redes sociales y cómo ha logrado conectar con personas desde la medicina, el arte y la palabra. Un episodio profundo y cercano que revela el alma detrás de los contenidos virales.

Rivers have been on my mind recently with some recent buzzy arrivals on their power (from Elif Shafak to non-fiction Robert Macfarlane). Join me with author Suma Subramaniam and illustrator Tara Anand to discuss their beautiful picture book My Name Is Long As a River. Inspired by Suma's own heritage, the story celebrates the deep connections between names, family history, and cultural identity. Together, Suma and Tara share how rivers, poetry, and personal memory shaped this tribute to the power of knowing where we come from.Listen now on iTunes,Spotify or wherever you get your podcasts, and if you enjoyed this, PLEASE SHARE THE EPISODE WITH A FRIEND!Rivers have been on my mind recently with some recent buzzy arrivals on their power (from Elif Shafak to non-fiction Robert Macfarlane). Join me with author Suma Subramaniam and illustrator Tara Anand to discuss their beautiful picture book My Name Is Long As a River. Inspired by Suma's own heritage, the story celebrates the deep connections between names, family history, and cultural identity. Together, Suma and Tara share how rivers, poetry, and personal memory shaped this tribute to the power of knowing where we come from.Listen now on iTunes, Spotify or wherever you get your podcasts, and if you enjoyed this, PLEASE SHARE THE EPISODE WITH A FRIEND! Suma SubramaniamTara Anand, photographed by Brittany OxleySHOWNOTES for Ep. 98:Connect with Suma through her website And with Tara Anand hereBooks and other stuff we discussed on the show:Martyr! by Kaveh AkbarTerry Pratchett's Discworld booksTishani Doshi's poetry collection A God at the DoorThe Covenant of Water by Abraham VergheseAmar Chitra Katha comicsMalgudi Days by R.K. NarayanSupport the show via Patreon!Questions? Comments? Get in touch @theindianeditpodcast on Instagram! Want to talk gardens? Follow me @readyourgardenSpecial thanks to Soumya Saksham, Sudipta Biswas and the team at The Media Tribe for audio-post production!

Escuche esta y más noticias de LA PATRIA Radio de lunes a viernes por los 1540 AM de Radio Cóndor en Manizales y en www.lapatria.com, encuentre videos de las transmisiones en nuestro Facebook Live: www.facebook.com/lapatria.manizales/videos

Alexander Sorloth (Trondheim, 1995) está a punto de cerrar su primer curso como rojiblanco. Tras muchos meses partiendo desde el banquillo, aspira a su tercera titularidad consecutiva el sábado en Mendizorroza. Suma 13 goles en Liga y cuatro en Copa. Es el embajador perfecto para el salmón de Noruega y, de la mano de Mar de Noruega, repasa en La Tribu de Radio MARCA la actualidad de su equipo.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Socialiniuose tinkluose plinta raginimas moterims nesitirti dėl krūties vėžio, esą mamografiniai tyrimai nėra tikslūs ir net gali pakenkti. Tačiau medikai gyventojus ramina.Nuo šiandien bus apvalinama pirkinių krepšelio suma mokant grynaisiais. Lietuvos banko Grynųjų pinigų departamento atstovė Edita Lisinskaitė sako, kad apvalinama bus iki artimiausių penkių centų ir tik mokant grynais.Dalis kalio jodido tablečių vaistinėse iki šiol neatsiėmusių gyventojų pastebėjo, kad receptai jau baigė galioti. Sveikatos apsaugos ministerija praneša, kad receptai bus pradėti atnaujinti nuo rytojaus, tačiau atnaujinimas gali užtrukti kelias dienas.Socialiniuose tinkluose galima pastebėti žmonių skelbimus, kurie ieško „pasiskolinti“ ar išsinuomoti pavėžėjo ar maisto išvežiotojo programėlės profilį ir tokiu būdu padirbėti kito žmogaus vardu. Taip galimai apeinant reikalavimus turėti galiojantį vairuotojo pažymėjimą ar prievolę susimokėti pajamų mokestį. Kokiomis priemonėmis siekiama užkardyti tokią veiklą, kalbėsime po aštuntos valandos žinių.Pakistano ir Indijos kariuomenės aptarė paliaubų pažeidimus prie ginčijamos Kašmyro sienos. Anot, Pakistano kariuomenės atstovo, iškeltas ugnies nutraukimo pažeidimo klausimas palei Kontrolės liniją, dalijančią Kašmyrą į Indijos ir Pakistano administruojamas dalis.Ved. Darius Matas

En el Episodio de hoy, con la familia de Manzanas Enfrentadas vamos a analizar la actualidad en cuestión tecnología de la semana. Varias noticias interesantes y empezaremos con una que parece un Dejavú. La UE multando a Apple. Da igual cuando leas esta noticia, será de actualidad. Y es que la Unión Europea, está con un incesante goteo de sanciones a empresas tecnológicas. Por gota, tenemos que entender 700 millones que son los que han sido impuestos a Apple y a Meta. Pero esta vez la historia parece más entretenida porque Trump, que solo le falta meter mano en la formula de la Cocacola, ha querido situarse junto a Apple para meter presión y disuadir a la Comisión de esta sanción y las posibles venideras.Hacía tiempo que no tocábamos la sección Patentes de Apple. Hoy os traemos una muy interesante sobre una posible mejora para el sonido espacial de nuestros dispositivos. Si todo la información que os comentamos proveniente de rumores, debe ser cogida con pinzas, esta, al estilo Magín Bu, debe ser cogida con pinzas de papel.Siguen los movimientos de personal en Apple. La tensa situación creada por los inconvenientes en Apple Intelligence y Siri, continúa agitando el panorama en Cupertino y sigue la reordenación del personal. Haremos especial mención al décimo aniversario de nuestros Apple Watch y al bonito gesto conmemorativo por parte de la empresa con los pin y medallas digitales por el cierre de anillos. Nuestro Manzanas Enfrentadas en su versión de Viernes, esta con la que te gusta terminar la semana en nuestro directo los Viernes a las 23:00 o con la que te gusta disfrutar en su versión podcast el Domingo a las 19:00 dentro de nuestro compromiso 7 de 7. Lo tenemos!!

 Încă zece zile de campanie. Ce dezinformări se viralizează pe rețelele sociale și cine conduce la pariuri (Europa Liberă) - Care sunt greșelile pe care le-au făcut candidații pro Vest în campania prezidențială (Libertatea) - Nicușor Dan, unirea cu R. Moldova și pe cine vrea Chișinăul (DW) - Electoratul „swing" și votul util (SpotMedia) Încă zece zile de campanie. Ce dezinformări se viralizează pe rețelele sociale și cine conduce la pariuri (Europa Liberă)Europa Liberă a analizat performanțele postărilor principalilor cinci candidați la fotoliul de la Cotroceni pe platformele sociale în perioada 1 martie - 23 aprilie.George Simion are cele mai puține postări pe Facebook (84), dar a strâns cele mai multe reacții (4,02 milioane). La fel și pe TikTok – 44 de postări și 3,79 milioane de interacțiuni.Campionul interacțiunilor pe Instagram este Victor Ponta, cu 4,48 de milioane la 214 postări.Pe YouTube, cel mai bine au fost primite clipurile postate de Crin Antonescu, 57 la număr, care au adunat 14,7 milioane de interacțiuni.Campania electorală pentru alegerile prezidențiale din România este marcată de un val fără precedent de dezinformări virale pe rețelele sociale, spun experții de la Funky Citizens, într-un raport publicat recent.Conținuturi manipulate, conturi false și narațiuni conspiraționiste amenință integritatea dezbaterii publice și credibilitatea procesului democratic. Experții și instituțiile trag un semnal de alarmă: ne confruntăm cu o „infodemie electorală” în toată regula. Simion, contract de 1,5 milioane de dolari din banii românilor pentru a denigra România în SUA / Vezi contractul (G4Media)Liderul AUR, George Simion, a aprobat semnarea unui contract de 1,5 milioane dolari din banii românilor pentru a denigra România în SUA, în cadrul unor interviuri și întruniri cu oficiali americani. Contractul semnat în 18.04.2025 prevede o campanie de lobby care să-i asigure lui Simion sprijin din partea unor personalități americane cu notorietate, promotoare mai ales ale curentului MAGA. Suma cheltuită ar proveni din banii pe care AUR îi obține din subvenția plătită de statul român partidelor parlamentare. AUR neagă informațiile și acuză o dezinformare. G4Media prezintă documentul.De asemenea G4Media a publicat în premieră interviul pe care George Simion i l-a dat lui Steve Bannon (unul dintre foștii consilieri ai lui Trump), interviu în cadrul căruia Simion a făcut mai multe declarații aiuritoare despre faptul că el e candidatul „ales” și că sistemul ar vrea să-l elimine prin orice mijloace, chiar și prin „asasinare”. El a lăsat să se înțeleagă că în Românie sunt fraudate alegerile electorale. Care sunt greșelile pe care le-au făcut candidații pro Vest în campania prezidențială (Libertatea) Cu toate că, din cauza multor estimări greșite, încrederea în rezultatele sondajelor de opinie din perioada dinaintea urnelor este scăzută, putem însă observa că în rândul candidaților cu agendă pro Vest – și anume Nicușor Dan, Crin Antonescu și Elena Lasconi – s-au ascuțit atacurile, semn că între acești trei candidați competiția pentru intrarea în turul 2 ar putea fi foarte strânsă.Crin Antonescu trebuie să explice momentul 2012 – suspendarea lui Traian Băsescu, consideră jurnalista Sidonia Bogdan.Crin Antonescu este dator să revină public la acel moment și să explice dacă își menține argumentația politică pe care o împărtășea la momentul suspendării sau dacă își reevaluează pozițiile pe care le-a avut în anul 2012. Dacă nu recunoaște greșelile politice luate de USL în anul 2012, calitatea de președinte cu viziuni democratice a lui Antonescu este puternic șubrezită. Mai multe, în ziar. Nicușor Dan, unirea cu R. Moldova și pe cine vrea Chișinăul (DW)Relațiile cu Republica Moldova fac parte din toate pachetele electorale ale prezidențiabililor români, fiindcă toți candidații speră să culeagă voturi de dincolo de Prut. Despre unire se vorbește tot mai puțin, constată jurnalista Sabina Fati în analiza publicată pe pagina DW.Primarul general al capitalei, candidat la președinție susținut de USR, a spus într-un interviu pentru Moldova 1 că „și-ar dori azi unirea cu R. Moldova”, chiar azi, și că „decizia de unire trebuie juridic să fie luată de majoritatea din cele două state”. Republica Moldova așteaptă cumva cu sufletul la gură să vadă cine va veni la Cotroceni, fiindcă banii din România sunt cu adevărat importanți pentru Chișinău și pentru că susținerea politică a Bucureștiului e vitală. La Chișinău, Nicușor Dan se bucură de oarecare simpatie, dar nu e văzut ca o soluție, din simplul motiv că nu are în spate forțe politice care să asigure continuitatea în politica bilaterală, în vreme ce George Simion e considerat un instrument al Moscovei.  Electoratul „swing" și votul util (SpotMedia)Ca să nu ne mai lovească trenul în 4 mai așa cum ne-a lovit în 24 noiembrie, ar trebui să încercam să ieșim puțin din starea de hipnoză electorală creată de lozinci în bulele noastre pentru o excursie virtuală în alte bule sau, ideal, fizică în zone sociale complet diferite de ale noastre.Realitatea la firul ierbii este intrarea practic sigură, fără vreun cataclism politic imprevizibil, a lui George Simion în turul al doilea, chiar mai consolidat decât o arată sondajele. Iar poza de la Înviere alături de Călin Georgescu i-a dat o validare esențială.Votează cu Simion electoratul AUR, cea mai mare parte a electoratului lui Georgescu, care a luat și din PSD, și din PNL, chiar și din UDMR. Să nu uităm că satele românești depopulate se regăsesc în diaspora captată masiv de extremiști, care influențează masiv și ce a rămas acasă.Plus o categorie interesantă, aceea a furioșilor care vor să pedepsească oferta politică foarte proastă. Adică votează cu Simion „de-al naibii”, cum ar veni.Continuarea pe pagina SpotMedia.

Did you know there's a way to tap into your home's equity for tax-free cash—without having to make monthly payments? It's true.It's called a Home Equity Conversion Mortgage, or HECM—what many of you know as a reverse mortgage. But today's reverse mortgage isn't what it used to be. Harlan Accola is here to help us unpack how they work and whether one might be right for you.Harlan Accola is the National Reverse Mortgage Director at Movement Mortgage, an underwriter of Faith and Finance. He is also the author of Home Equity and Reverse Mortgages: The Cinderella of the Baby Boomer Retirement. What's Changed? A Safer, Regulated OptionWhen you hear the phrase reverse mortgage, you might think of outdated financial tools with a bad reputation. However, home equity conversion mortgages (HECMs) significantly differ from those in the past.Reverse mortgages today are not the “Wild West” products of decades past. Since major reforms were enacted during President Reagan's term in 1988, HECMs are now heavily regulated under the Federal Housing Administration (FHA).No one can lose their house or have it taken away, provided they're working with a reputable lender and stay in the home while meeting basic obligations. Ownership doesn't change, and homeowners are protected.These changes addressed the risks that once made reverse mortgages controversial. Now, with strict oversight, they provide a reliable option for seniors wanting to tap into their home equity without selling.Are Reverse Mortgage Interest Rates Too High?It's a common misconception that reverse mortgage interest rates are significantly higher than traditional mortgages. But that comparison isn't apples to apples. Interest rates on HECMs are actually tied to the 10-year Treasury rate and are heavily regulated.Right now, interest rates for reverse mortgages are about the same as traditional mortgages—around 6.5%. This means homeowners aren't sacrificing much, if anything, in interest when compared to forward mortgages.What About Costs and Obligations?The closing costs for reverse mortgages are nearly identical to traditional mortgages, with one key difference: the addition of FHA mortgage insurance.This insurance offers three essential guarantees:You can remain in your home as long as you want (up to age 150!).Thanks to non-recourse debt protections, you will never owe more than the home's value.Your heirs won't be left with a bill.Yes, this insurance adds about 2% of the home's value to the upfront costs, but it's well worth it—just like homeowner's insurance is worth it if your house burns down.What Happens When the Borrower Passes Away?A major concern many have is what happens to the home after the homeowner dies or permanently moves out.The key is proper planning. Without a will or trust in place, any mortgage—reverse or traditional—can create problems for heirs. In most cases, the home is simply sold, and any remaining equity belongs to the heirs. For instance, if the reverse mortgage balance were $100,000 on a $400,000 home, the heirs would receive the remaining $300,000.Sometimes, grandchildren may want to keep the home, in which case they can buy out other heirs. Either way, the process can be managed with clear planning.Flexible Payout OptionsOne of the most attractive features of a HECM is its flexibility. Homeowners can choose to receive their funds in a variety of ways:A lump sumA line of creditMonthly income paymentsOr even a combination of these optionsThe big idea? Your home is not just a place to live—it's also a financial asset that can be used strategically, especially in retirement.Every financial situation is different. However, a reverse mortgage could be a wise part of a broader financial plan for older homeowners. When used correctly, it offers flexibility, security, and peace of mind without jeopardizing their home.Visit Movement.com/Faith to learn more about reverse mortgages or speak directly with Harlan Accola at Movement Mortgage.On Today's Program, Rob Answers Listener Questions:My husband has taken a new job, and we have been contributing to an HSA. He wants to contribute $1,000 a month to the HSA. We still own a home and are nearing retirement age. Should we work on paying off the home or continue to put dollars into the HSA?A week or two ago, I caught part of your program about freezing credit scores. I didn't catch the whole explanation. We've never really taken out loans except for our first house 45 years ago. Is there any downside to freezing my credit?I recently received a large amount of money from a dear loved one who passed away in January. I know I'm going to tithe and pay taxes on the amount. I have an appointment with my bank to set up a CD account, but I want to know what other types of investments I can make with the money. I just want to make sure I'm doing the right thing.Resources Mentioned:Faithful Steward: FaithFi's New Quarterly MagazineMovement MortgageBankrate.comChristian Community Credit Union (CCCU)Wisdom Over Wealth: 12 Lessons from Ecclesiastes on Money (Pre-Order)Look At The Sparrows: A 21-Day Devotional on Financial Fear and AnxietyRich Toward God: A Study on the Parable of the Rich FoolFind a Certified Kingdom Advisor (CKA) or Certified Christian Financial Counselor (CertCFC)FaithFi App Remember, you can call in to ask your questions most days at (800) 525-7000. Faith & Finance is also available on the Moody Radio Network and American Family Radio. Visit our website at FaithFi.com where you can join the FaithFi Community and give as we expand our outreach.

  Lyssa Rome is a speech-language pathologist in the San Francisco Bay Area. She is on staff at the Aphasia Center of California, where she facilitates groups for people with aphasia and their care partners. She owns an LPAA-focused private practice and specializes in working with people with aphasia, dysarthria, and other neurogenic conditions. She has worked in acute hospital, skilled nursing, and continuum of care settings. Prior to becoming an SLP, Lyssa was a public radio journalist, editor, and podcast producer. In this episode, Lyssa Rome interviews Dr. Suma Devanga about collaborative referencing, gesture, and building rich communicative environments for people with aphasia.   Guest info Dr. Suma Devanga is an assistant professor in the Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, where she also serves as the director of the Aphasia Research Lab. She completed her PhD in Speech and Hearing science from the University of Illinois. Urbana Champaign in 2017. Dr. Devanga is interested in studying aphasia interventions and their impacts on people's everyday communication. Her recent work includes investigating a novel treatment called the Collaborative Referencing Intervention for Individuals with aphasia, using discourse analysis methods and patient reported outcome measures, studying group-based treatments for aphasia, and studying the use of gestures in aphasia. Additionally, she is involved in teaching courses on aphasia and cognitive communication disorders to graduate SLP students at Rush. She also provides direct patient care and graduate clinical supervision at Rush outpatient clinics.   Listener Take-aways In today's episode you will: Understand the role of collaborative referencing in everyday communication. Learn about Collaborative Referencing Intervention. Describe how speech-language pathologists can create rich communicative environments.   Edited transcript   Lyssa Rome Welcome to the Aphasia Access Aphasia Conversations Podcast. I'm Lyssa Rome. I'm a speech language pathologist on staff at the Aphasia Center of California, and I see clients with aphasia and other neurogenic communication disorders in my LPAA-focused private practice. I'm also a member of the Aphasia Access podcast Working Group. Aphasia Access strives to provide members with information, inspiration, and ideas that support their aphasia care through a variety of educational materials and resources.   I'm today's host for an episode that will feature Dr. Suma Devanga, who is selected as a 2024 Tavistock Trust for Aphasia Distinguished Scholar, USA and Canada. In this episode, we'll be discussing Dr. Devanga's research on collaborative referencing, gesture, and building rich communicative environments for people with aphasia.   Suma Devanga is an assistant professor in the Department of Communication Disorders and Sciences at Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, where she also serves as the director of the Aphasia Research Lab. She completed her PhD in Speech and Hearing science from the University of Illinois. Urbana Champaign in 2017. Dr. Devanga is interested in studying aphasia interventions and their impacts on people's everyday communication. Her recent work includes investigating a novel treatment called the Collaborative Referencing Intervention for Individuals with aphasia, using discourse analysis methods and patient reported outcome measures, studying group-based treatments for aphasia, and studying the use of gestures in aphasia. Additionally, she is involved in teaching courses on aphasia and cognitive communication disorders to graduate SLP students at Rush. She also provides direct patient care and graduate clinical supervision at Rush outpatient clinics. Suma Devanga, thank you so much for joining us today. I'm really happy to be talking with you.   Suma Devanga Thank you, Lyssa, thank you for having me. And I would also like to thank Aphasia Access for this wonderful opportunity, and the Tavistock Trust for Aphasia and the Duchess of Bedford for recognizing my research through the Distinguished Scholar Award.   Lyssa Rome So I wanted to start by asking you how you became interested in aphasia treatment.   Suma Devanga I became interested in aphasia during my undergraduate and graduate programs, which was in speech language pathology in Mysore in India. I was really drawn to this population because of how severe the consequences were for these individuals and their families after the onset of aphasia. So I met hundreds of patients and families with aphasia who were really devastated by this sudden condition, and they were typically left with no job and little means to communicate with family and friends. So as a student clinician, I was very, very motivated to help these individuals in therapy, but when I started implementing the treatment methods that I had learned, what I discovered was that my patients were showing improvements on the tasks that we worked on in therapy. Their scores on clinical tasks also were improving, but none of that really mattered to them. What they really wanted was to be able to easily communicate with family, but they continued to struggle on that, and none of the cutting-edge treatment methods that I learned from this highly reputable program in India were impacting my patients' lives.   So I really felt lost, and that is when I knew that I wanted to do a PhD and study this topic more closely, and I was drawn to Dr. Julie Hengst's work, which looked at the bigger picture in aphasia. She used novel theoretical frameworks and used discourse analysis methods for tracking patient performance, as opposed to clinical tests. So I applied to the University of Illinois PhD program, and I'm so glad that she took me on as her doctoral student. And so that is how I ended up moving from India to the US and started my work in aphasia.   Lyssa Rome I think that a lot of us can probably relate to what you're describing—that just that feeling of frustration when a patient might improve on some sort of clinical tasks, but still says this is not helping me in my life, and I know that for me, and I think for others, that is what has drawn us to the LPAA.   I wanted to sort of dive into your research by asking you a little bit more about rich communicative environments, and what you mean by that, and what you mean when you talk about or write about distributed communication frameworks.   Suma Devanga So since I started my PhD, I have been interested in understanding how we can positively impact everyday communication for our patients with aphasia. As a doctoral student, I delved more deeply into the aphasia literature and realized that what I observed clinically with my patients in India was consistent with what was documented in the literature, and that was called the clinical-functional gap. And this really refers to the fact that we have many evidence-based aphasia treatments that do show improvements on clinical tasks or standardized tests, but there is very limited evidence on these treatments improving the functional use of language or the everyday communication, and this remains to be true even today.   So I think it becomes pretty important to understand what we are dealing with, like what is everyday communication? And I think many aphasia treatments have been studying everyday communication or conversational interactions by decontextualizing them or reducing them into component parts, like single words or phrases, and then we work our way up to sentence structures. Right? So this approach has been criticized by some researchers like Clark, who is an experimental psychologist, and he called such tasks as in vacuo, meaning that they are not really capturing the complexity of conversational interactions. So basically, even though we are clinicians, our ultimate goal is improving everyday communication, which is rich and emergent and complex, we somehow seem to be using tasks that are simplified and that removes all of these complexities and focuses more on simple or specific linguistic structures. So to understand the complexities of everyday communication, we have shifted to the distributed communication framework, which really originates from the cultural historical activity theories and theories from linguistic anthropology.   Dr. Julie Hengst actually proposed the distributed communication theory in her article in the Journal of Communication Disorders in 2015, which highlights that communication is not just an individual skill or a discrete concept, but it is rather distributed. And it is distributed in three ways: One is that it is distributed across various resources. We communicate using multiple resources, not just language. We sign, we use gestures, or facial expressions. We also interpret messages using such resources like dialects and eye gaze and posture, the social context, cultural backgrounds, the emotional states that we are in, and all of that matters. And we all know this, right? This is not new, and yet, we often give credit to language alone for communication, when in reality, we constantly use multiple resources. And the other key concept of distributed communication theory is that communication is embedded in socio- cultural activities. So depending on the activity, which can be a routine family dinnertime conversation or managing relationships with your co workers, the communicative resources that you use, their motives, and the way you would organize it, all of that would vary. And finally, communication is distributed across time. And by that we mean that people interpret and understand present interactions through the histories that they have experienced over time. For example, if you're at work and your manager says you might want to double check your reports before submitting them based on prior interactions with the manager and the histories you've shared with them, you could interpret that message either as a simple suggestion or that there is a lack of trust in your work. So all in all, communication, I think, is a joint activity, and I think we should view it as a joint activity, and it depends on people's ability to build common ground with one another and draw from that common ground to interpret each other's messages.   Lyssa Rome I feel like that framework is really helpful, and it makes a lot of sense, especially as a way of thinking about the complexity of language and the complexity of what we're trying to do when we are taking a more top-down approach. So that's the distributed communication theory. And it sounds like the other framework that has really guided your research is rich communicative environments. And I'm wondering if you could say a little bit more about that.   Suma Devanga Absolutely. So this work originates from about 80 years of research in neuroscience, where rodents and other animals with acquired brain injuries showed greater neuroplastic changes and improved functions when they were housed in complex environments. In fact, complex environments are considered to be the most well replicated approach to improve function in animal models of acquired brain injury.   So Dr. Julie Hengst, Dr. Melissa Duff, and Dr. Theresa Jones translated these findings to support communication for humans with acquired brain injuries. And they called it the rich communicative environments. The main goal of this is to enrich the clinical environments. And how we achieve that is by ensuring that there is meaningful complexity in our clinical environments, and that you do that by ensuring that our patients, families, and clinicians use multimodal resources, and also to aim for having multiple communication partners within your sessions who can fluidly shift between various communicative roles, and to not just stay in that clinician role, for example.   Another way to think about enriching clinical environments is to think about ensuring that there is voluntary engagement from our patients, and you do that by essentially designing personally meaningful activities, rather than focusing on rehearsing fixed linguistic form or having some predetermined goals.   And the other piece of the enrichment is, how do we ensure there is a positive experiential quality for our patients within our sessions. And for this rather than using clinician-controlled activities with rigid interactional roles, providing opportunities for the patients to share stories and humor would really, you know, ensure that they are also engaging with the tasks with you and having some fun. So all of this put together would lead to a rich communicative environment.   Lyssa Rome It sounds like what you're describing is the kind of speech therapy environment and relationship that is very much person-centered and focused on natural communication, or natural communicative contexts and the kinds of conversations that people have in their everyday lives, rather than more sort of strict speech therapy protocol that might have been more traditional. I also want to ask you to describe collaborative referencing and collaborative referencing intervention.   Suma Devanga Yes, absolutely. So traditionally, our discipline has viewed word-finding or naming as a neurolinguistic process where you access semantic meanings from a lexicon, which you use to generate verbal references. And that theoretical account conceptualizes referencing as an isolated process, where one individual has the skill of retrieving target references from their stores of linguistic forms and meanings, right? So in contrast to that, the distributed communication perspective views referencing as a process where speakers' meanings are constructed within each interaction, and that is based on the shared histories of experiences with specific communication partners and also depending on the social and physical contexts of the interaction as well.   Now this process of collaborative referencing is something that we all do every single day. It is not just a part of our everyday communication, but without collaborative referencing, you cannot really have a conversation with anyone. You need to have some alignment, some common ground for communicating with others. This is a fundamental feature of human communication, and this is not new. You know, there is lots of work being done on this, even in childhood language literature as well.   Collaborative referencing was formally studied by Clark, who is the experimental psychologist. And he studied this in healthy college students, and he used a barrier task experiment for it. So a pair of students sat across from each other with a full barrier that separated them so they could not see each other at all, and each student had a board that was numbered one through 12, and they were given matching sets of 12 pictures of abstract shapes called tangrams. One participant was assigned as the director, who arranged the cards on their playing board and described their locations to the other, who served as the matcher and matched the pictures to their locations on their own board. So the pair completed six trials with alternating turns, and they use the same cards with new locations for each trial. And what they found was that the pairs had to really collaborate with each other to get those descriptions correct so that they are placed correctly on the boards.   So in the initial trials, the pairs had multiple turns of back and forth trying to describe these abstract shapes. For example, one of the pictures was initially described as “This picture that looks like an angel or something with its arms wide open.” And there had to be several clarifying questions from the partner, and then eventually, after playing with this picture several times, the player just had to say “It's the angel,” and the partner would be able to know which picture that was so as the pairs built their common ground, the collaborative effort, or the time taken to complete each trial, and the number of words they used and the number of turns they took to communicate about those pictures declined over time, and the labels itself, or the descriptions of pictures, also became more streamlined as the as time went by.   So Hengst and colleagues wanted to study this experiment in aphasia, TBI, amnesia, and Alzheimer's disease as well. So they adapted this task to better serve this population and also to align with the distributed communication framework. And surprisingly, they found consistent results that despite aphasia or other neurological conditions, people were still able to successfully reference, decrease collaborative effort over time and even streamline their references. But more surprisingly, people were engaged with one another. They were having really rich conversations about these pictures. They were sharing jokes, and really seemed to be enjoying the task itself.   So Hengst and colleagues realized that this has a lot of potential, and they redesigned the barrier task experiment as a clinical treatment using the principles of the distributed communication framework and the rich communicative environment. So that redesign included replacing the full barrier with a partial barrier to allow multimodal communication, and using personal photos of the patients instead of the abstract shapes to make it more engaging for the patients, and also asking participants to treat this as a friendly game and to have fun. So that is the referencing itself and the research on collaborative referencing, and that is how it was adapted as a treatment as well.   And in order to help clinicians easily implement this treatment, I have used the RTSS framework, which is the rehabilitation treatment specification system, to explain how CRI works and how it can be implemented. And this is actually published, and it just came out in the most recent issue in the American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, which I'm happy to share.   Lyssa Rome And we'll put that link into the show notes.   Suma Devanga Perfect. So CRI is designed around meaningful activities like the game that authentically provides repeated opportunities for the client and the clinician to engage in the collaborative referencing process around targets that they really want to be talking about, things that are relevant to patients, everyday communication goals, it could be things, objects of interest, and not really specific words or referencing forms.   So the implementation of the CRI involves three key ingredients. One is jointly developing the referencing targets and compiling the images so clinicians would sit down with the patients and the families to identify at least 30 targets that are meaningful and important to be included in the treatment. And we need two perspectives, or two views, or two pictures related to the same target that needs to be included in the treatment. So we will have 60 pictures overall. An example is two pictures from their wedding might be an important target for patients to be able to talk about. Two pictures from a Christmas party, you know, things like that. So this process of compilation of photos is also a part of the treatment itself, because it gives the patients an opportunity to engage with the targets.   The second ingredient is engaging in the friendly gameplay itself. And the key really here is the gameplay and to treat it as a gameplay. And this includes 15 sessions with six trials in each session, where you, as the clinician and the client will both have matching sets of 12 pictures, and there is a low barrier in between, so you cannot see each other's boards, but you can still see the other person. So you will both take turns being the director and the matcher six times, and describe and match the pictures to their locations, and that is just the game. The only rule of the game is that you cannot look over the barrier. You are encouraged to talk as much as you like about the pictures. In fact, you are encouraged to talk a lot about the pictures and communicate in any way.   The third ingredient is discussing and reflecting on referencing. And this happens at the end of each session where patients are asked to think back and reflect and say what the agreed upon label was for each card. And this, again, gives one more opportunity for the patients to engage with the target.   The therapeutic mechanism, or the mechanism of action, as RTSS likes to call it, is the rich communicative environment itself, you know, and how complex the task is, and how meaningful and engaging the task has to be, as well as the repeated engagement in the gameplay, because we are doing this six times in each session, and we are repeatedly engaging with those targets when describing them and placing them.   So what we are really targeting with CRI is collaborative referencing and again, this does not refer to the patient's abilities to access or retrieve those words from their stores. Instead, we are targeting people's joint efforts in communicating about these targets, their efforts in building situated common ground. That's what we are targeting. We are targeting their alignment with one another, and so that is how we define referencing. And again, we are targeting this, because that is how you communicate every day.   Lyssa Rome That sounds like a really fascinating and very rich intervention. And I'm wondering if you can tell us a little bit about the research that you've done on it so far.   Suma Devanga Absolutely. So in terms of research on CRI thus far, we have completed phase one with small case studies that were all successful, and my PhD dissertation was the first phase two study, where we introduced an experimental control by using a multiple-probe, single-case experimental design on four people with aphasia, and we found significant results on naming. And since then, I have completed two replication studies in a total of nine participants with aphasia. And we have found consistent results on naming. In terms of impact on everyday interactions, we have found decreased trouble sources, or communicative breakdowns, you can call it, and also decreased repairs, both of which indicated improved communicative success within conversational interactions. So we are positive, and we plan to continue this research to study its efficacy within a clinical trial.   Lyssa Rome That's very encouraging. So how can clinicians target collaborative referencing by creating a rich communicative environment?   Suma Devanga Yeah, well, CRI is one approach that clinicians can use, and I'm happy to share the evidence we have this far, and there is more to come, hopefully soon, including some clinical implementation studies that clinicians can use. But there are many other ways of creating rich communicative environments and targeting referencing within clinical sessions. I think many skilled clinicians are already doing it in the form of relationship building, by listening closely to their patients, engaging with them in authentic conversations, and also during education and counseling sessions as well.   In addition to that, I think group treatment for aphasia is another great opportunity for targeting collaborative referencing within a rich communicative environment. When I was a faculty at Western Michigan University, I was involved in their outpatient aphasia program, where they have aphasia groups, and patients got to select which groups they want to participate in. They had a cooking group, a music group, a technology group, and so on. And I'm guessing you do this too at the Aphasia Center of California. So these groups definitely create rich communicative environments, and people collaborate with each other and do a lot of referencing as well. So I think there is a lot that can be done if you understand the rich communicative environment piece.   Lyssa Rome Absolutely. That really rings true to me. So often in these podcast interviews, we ask people about aha moments, and I'm wondering if you have one that you wanted to share with us.   Suma Devanga Sure. So you know how I said that getting the pictures for the CRI is a joint activity? Patients typically select things that they really want to talk about, like their kids' graduation pictures, or things that they are really passionate about, like pictures of their sports cars, or vegetable gardens, and so on. And they also come up with really unique names for them as well, while they are playing with those pictures during the treatment. And when we start playing the game, clinicians usually have little knowledge about these images, because they're all really personal to the patients, and they're taken from their personal lives, so they end up being the novices, while the patients become the experts. And my patients have taught me so much about constructing a house and all about engines of cars and things like that that I had no knowledge about. But in one incident, when I was the clinician paired with an individual with anomic aphasia, there was a picture of a building that she could not recognize, and hence she could not tell me much at all. And we went back and forth several times, and we finally ended up calling it the “unknown building.” Later, I checked my notes and realized that it was where she worked, and it was probably a different angle, perhaps, which is why she could not recognize it. But even with that new information, we continue to call it the “unknown building,” because it became sort of an internal joke for us. And later I kept thinking if I had made a mistake and if we should have accurately labeled it. That is when it clicked for me that CRI is not about producing accurate labels, it is about building a common ground with each other, which would help you successfully communicate with that person. So you're targeting the process of referencing and not the reference itself, because you want your patients to get better at the process of referencing in their everyday communication. And so that was my aha moment.   Lyssa Rome Yeah, that's an amazing story, because I think that that gets to that question sort of of the why behind what we're doing, right? Is it to say the specific name? I mean, obviously for some people, yes, sometimes it is. But what is underlying that? It's to be able to communicate about the things that are important to people. I also wanted to ask you about another area that you've studied, which is the use of gesture within aphasia interventions. Can you tell us a little bit more about that?   Suma Devanga Yes. So this work started with my collaboration with my friend and colleague, Dr. Mili Mathew, who is at Molloy University in New York, and our first work was on examining the role of hand gestures in collaborative referencing in a participant who had severe Wernicke's aphasia, and he frequently used extensive gestures to communicate. So when he started with CRI his descriptions of the images were truly multimodal. For example, when he had to describe a picture of a family vacation in Cancun, he was, you know, he was verbose, and there was very little meaningful content that was relevant in his spoken language utterances. But he used a variety of iconic hand gestures that were very meaningful and helpful to identify what he was referring to. As the sessions went on with him, his gestural references also became streamlined, just like the verbal references do, and that we saw in other studies. And that was fascinating because it indicated that gestures do play a big role in the meaning-making process of referencing.   And in another study on the same participant, we explored the use of hand gestures as treatment outcome measures. This time, we specifically analyzed gestures used within conversations at baseline treatment, probe, and maintenance phases of the study. And we found that the frequency of referential gestures, which are gestures that add meaning, that have some kind of iconics associated with them, those frequencies of gestures decreased with the onset of treatment, whereas the correct information units, or CIUS, which indicate the informativeness in the spoken language itself, increased. So this pattern of decrease in hand gestures and increase in CIUS was also a great finding. Even though this was just an exploratory study, it indicates that gestures may be included as outcome measures, in addition to verbal measures, which we usually tend to rely more on. And we have a few more studies coming up that are looking at the synchrony of gestures with spoken language in aphasia, but I think we still have a lot more to learn about gestures in aphasia.   Lyssa Rome It seems like there that studying gestures really ties in to CRI and the rich communicative environments that you were describing earlier, where the goal is not just to verbally name one thing, but rather to get your point across, where, obviously, gesture is also quite useful. So I look forward to reading more of your research on that as it comes out. Tell us about what you're currently working on, what's coming next.   Suma Devanga Currently, I am wrapping up my clinical research grant from the ASH Foundation, which was a replication study of the phase two CRI so we collected data from six participants with chronic aphasia using a multiple-probe, single-case design, and that showed positive results on naming, and there was improved scores on patient reports of communication confidence, communicative participation, and quality of life as well. We are currently analyzing the conversation samples to study the treatment effects.   I also just submitted a grant proposal to extend the study on participants with different severities of aphasia as well. So we are getting all the preliminary data at this point that we need to be able to start a clinical trial, which will be my next step.   So apart from that, I was also able to redesign the CRI and adapt it as a group-based treatment with three participants with aphasia and one clinician in a group. I actually completed a feasibility study of it, which was successful, and I presented that at ASHA in 2023. And I'm currently writing it up for publication, and I also just secured an internal grant to launch a pilot study of the group CRI to investigate the effects of group CRI on communication and quality of life.   Lyssa Rome Well, that's really exciting. And again, I'm really looking forward to reading additional work as it comes out. As we wrap up. What do you want clinicians to take away from your work and to take away from this conversation we've had today?   Suma Devanga Well, I would want clinicians to reflect on how their sessions are going and think about how to incorporate the principles of rich communicative environments so that they can add more meaningful complexity to their treatment activities and also ensure that their patients are truly engaging with the tasks and also having some fun. And I would also tell the clinicians that we have strong findings so far on CRI with both fluent and non-fluent aphasia types. So please stay tuned and reach out to me if you have questions or want to share your experiences about implementing this with your own patients, because I would love to hear that.   Lyssa Rome Dr. Suma Devanga, it has been great talking to you and hearing about your work. Thank you so much for sharing it with us.   Suma Devanga It was fantastic talking about my work. Thank you for giving me this platform to share my work with you all. And thank you, Lyssa for being a great listener.   Lyssa Rome Thanks also to our listeners for the references and resources mentioned in today's show. Please see our show notes. They're available on our website, www.aphasiaaccess.org. There, you can also become a member of our organization, browse our growing library of materials, and find out about the Aphasia Access Academy. If you have an idea for a future podcast episode, email us at info@aphasiaaccess.org. Thanks again for your ongoing support of aphasia. Access. For Aphasia Access Conversations. I'm Lyssa Rome.       References   Devanga, S. R. (2025). Collaborative Referencing Intervention (CRI) in Aphasia: A replication and extension of the Phase II efficacy study. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00226   Devanga, S. R., Sherrill, M., & Hengst, J. A. (2021). The efficacy of collaborative referencing intervention in chronic aphasia: A mixed methods study. American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 30(1S), 407-424. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJSLP-19-00108    Hengst, J. A., Duff, M. C., & Jones, T. A. (2019). Enriching communicative environments: Leveraging advances in neuroplasticity for improving outcomes in neurogenic communication disorders. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 28(1S), 216–229. https://doi.org/10.1044/2018_AJSLP-17-0157   Hengst, J. A. (2015). Distributed communication: Implications of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT) for communication disorders. Journal of Communication Disorders, 57, 16–28. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2015.09.001   Devanga, S. R., & Mathew, M. (2024). Exploring the use of co-speech hand gestures as treatment outcome measures for aphasia. Aphasiology. Advanced online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2024.2356287   Devanga, S. R., Wilgenhof, R., & Mathew, M. (2022). Collaborative referencing using hand gestures in Wernicke's aphasia: Discourse analysis of a case study. Aphasiology, 36(9), 1072-1095. https://doi.org/10.1080/02687038.2021.1937919    

Video Podcast

In this enriching episode of Handful of Leaves, Venerable Sumangala shares how Buddhist wisdom can be applied to everyday challenges—whether in the workplace, in speech, or in balancing spiritual life with modern demands. With heartfelt stories and practical guidance, she offers a grounded path toward wisdom, mindfulness, and right living.Key Takeaways:

Last time we spoke about Operation Nekka, the Invasion of Rehe Province. In 1932, the Kwantung Army eyed Rehe province as vital for Manchukuo's success. General Tang Yulin, ruling Rehe, initially favored Japanese interests due to economic ties, particularly in opium. Tensions escalated after a Japanese civilian was abducted, prompting military actions that led to skirmishes in Shanhaiguan. Amidst growing conflict, Zhang Xueliang mobilized forces against Tang, who eventually conceded. As Japan prepared for invasion, both sides strategized, with Chiang Kai-Shek reluctant to engage directly, fearing Japanese influence over his rivals. Operation Nekka commenced, showcasing the Kwantung Army's efficiency as they swiftly routed Chinese forces in Rehe. By March 4th, key passes were captured, but fierce resistance emerged. General Nishi faced counterattacks, leading to strategic retreats. Meanwhile, Chiang Kai-Shek struggled with internal conflicts while managing the Japanese threat. As the Kwantung Army pushed beyond the Great Wall, logistical issues arose, prompting political maneuvers to secure local warlord alliances. However, plans faltered when Zhang Qingyao, a potential ally, was assassinated.   #147 The Battle for the Great Wall of China Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. Thus in the previous episode, Operation Nekka had been unleashed. The Kwangtung Army tossed 2 divisions into Rehe province with the intent of forcing its annexation into Manchukuo. They were under strict orders to not extend operations past the Great Wall of China. However they believed it was necessary to seize the main gateways along the Great Wall of China to establish their new borders, and in order to do so this absolutely required going past them. Yet military operations were not the only means to secure their goals. The Japanese forces faced significant logistical challenges, including a shortage of troops, having advanced into Rehe with only 20,000 men. Even the most resolute general in the Kwantung Army doubted that their military strength could prevail against the vast numbers of Chinese troops in the plains of Hubei. As a result, they needed to supplement their military efforts with political strategies targeting regional warlords. The tactic of bribing local elites had proven highly effective during the pacification of Manchuria, and there was no reason to think it wouldn't work in North China as well. All of these actions were carried out without any oversight from Tokyo headquarters.   On February 13, 1933, Itagaki Seishiro, who was then the head of the Mukden Special Service Agency, was transferred to the General Staff without any formal announcement of his promotion. He took up a position in Tientsin specifically to initiate political maneuvers in eastern Hubei, leading to the establishment of the Tientsin Special Service Agency. Initially, this agency sought to engage various competing warlords in North China, including Duan Qirui, Wu Peifu, and Sun Chuanfang, but eventually focused on Zhang Qingyao. Zhang had previously been a protégé of Duan Qirui, serving as the civil and military governor of Henan province. He had fought against Zhang Zuolin in 1925 before shifting his allegiance to Wu Peifu. During the second phase of the Northern Expedition, Zhang Qingyao again battled Zhang Zuolin, who was then in control of the National Pacification Army. After the Northern Expedition concluded, he allied with Yan Xishan's forces in Shanxi. So yeah it would seem he was not a man of principles nor loyalties of any kind. The Tientsin Special Service Agency initially aimed to approach Zhang Qingyao in hopes that he could orchestrate a coup d'état against Chiang Kai-Shek. They also hoped to persuade other figures such as Song Queyuan, Zhang Zuoxiang, Fang Chenwu, Xu Yusan, Zhang Tingshu, Sun Tienying, and Feng Zhanhai to join in. If successful, this could lead to a swift takeover of North China as they were advancing towards Peiping after taking the Great Wall. However, on May 7, Zhang Qingyao was assassinated, completely derailing their plans. With Zhang Qingyao dead, the agency concentrated their efforts instead to instigate riots in the Peiping-Tientsin region. They also began encouraging and propping up new political organizations that sought to form an independent northern regime. One scheme they were performing was to form a committee composed of Northern Warlords headed by Lu Zengyu, a banker who had studied in Japan. The idea was to form an anti-Chiang Kai-Shek coalition to carve out north china. The agency received a significant amount of funds to make ends meet. Itagaki alone would spend over 50,000 yen to try and bring about an anti-Chiang regime in the north. Some sources indicated over 3 billion yen being allocated to the IJA to be dished out to various Chinese warlords and elites in the form of bribes.  Meanwhile operations in the district east of the Luan River saw attacks formed against the Xumenzhai and Lengkou gateways. On April 1st, the Kwantung Army issued Order 491, seeing the Iwata detachment of the IJA 6th Division storm through the Xumenzhai gate and succeed in securing a supply route behind the great wall to help with the assaults against the other gateways in the region. By April 10th, the IJA 6th Division was making steady progress against the Lengkou gate. The next day they stormed through and captured Qienqangying, pursuing the retreating Chinese to the banks of the Luan River. Meanwhile the IJA 8th Division were facing a much more difficult situation. On the 12th, they captured Xifengkou, but their assault against Quehlingkou was going nowhere. After repeated assaults, the Chinese finally retreated, allowing the Japanese to focus on Taitouying. Thus from the 10th to the 23rd the gateways in northeastern Hubei were all falling into Japanese hands. The Kawahara Brigade was well on its way towards Nantienmen. The Operations within the Great Wall area had been fully authorized by Generals Nishi and Sakamoto. However there still existed limits upon the operations. For example, Operations order 495 issued by General Muto given on the 11th stated "Without specific orders, pursuit by the main force of ground troops is to be limited to the line connecting Hotung, Chiench'angying, and T'ait'ouying; but air units are to be limited to the Luan River."  Meanwhile the Special Service Agency in Tientsin had reported that Zhang Qingyao would stage a coup on the 21st and this prompted Song Queyuans troops to prevent the Central Army forces from fleeing towards Peiping. The Agency requested that the Kwantung Army not return to the Great Wall and instead perform a feint attack towards Peiping and Tientsin to scare the Chinese. As the plot was reaching its climax, on the 18th the Kwantung Army chief of staff, General Koiso Kuniaki issued a order for the 8th Division to strike in full force against the Gubeikou area. The Kwantung Army's plan was to bomb Miyun while launching their feint attack in combination with an all out effort to break Gubeikou. However on the night of the 18th, all of these plans changed dramatically. Suddenly General Muto issued Operations Order 498, hastily ordering all forces to withdraw to the Great Wall. Emperor Hirohito had decided to put his foot down. In Tokyo the emperor asked the vice chief of the General Staff, Lieutenant-General Mazaki Jinzaburö, "Has the Kwantung Army withdrawn from the Luan River line?" The vice chief retired from the imperial presence with a sense of guilt and wrote a confidential letter to the commander of the Kwantung Army. It was personally carried by Infantry Captain Katö [Michio] of the General Staff, who on April 19 arrived at the capital [of Manchukuo] bearing an imperial rescript. The vice chief also cabled to the chief of staff of the Kwantung Army a highly confidential dispatch, the main point of which stated, "Withdraw your troops immediately, or an imperial command will be issued." Thereupon the chief of staff of the Kwantung Army directed staff officer Endò Saburò to draft the withdrawal order. Thus as a result, the Kwantung Army began a withdrawal on the 21st, the same day the Peiping coup was to be unleashed. Those around Emperor Hirohito at this time have gone on the record to state it seemed to them, the emperor had hesitated heavily on issuing the withdrawal order. His motivations for giving the order are simply, the Kwantung Army had gone against his decrees, it was an identical situation to what had happened at Mukden in 1931. The Kwantung Army had no choice but to submit to what essentially was him “asking them to stop”. With that, operations east of the Luan River were over, for now. The order was certainly a critical blow to the Agency in Tientsin. How did they react? They doubled down on the coup effort. Likewise Koiso did not stop the 8th Division operation at Gubeikou. Instead the 8th Division was given orders "to maintain a menacing attitude toward hostile forces in North China." In accordance, the 3800 man Kawahara Brigade on direct orders from General Nishi, launched an attack against two Central Army Divisions numbered nearly 30,000 men stationed at Nantienmen. After a brutal week of battle the Kawahara Brigade seized the town. Meanwhile a battalion of 280 men led by Colonel Shimmura Eijiro attacked a central army force around 4000 strong at Xinglong. They suffered a 38% rate of casualties by the night of the 27th. The Battalion was nearly annihilated when suddenly the Chinese withdrew enabling the Japanese to slip by. Meanwhile the Piping coup did not materialize as planned on the 21st. Instead a secondary coup was initiated by Zhang Zuoxiang on the 26, but this misfired greatly. Reports began to emerge that troops led by Zhang Tingxu, Sun Tienying, Feng Zhanhai and Xu Yusan were willing to rebel in response to the failed coup attempts, but this proved completely false. A report issued on the 30th stated troops under Fang Chenwu were rebelling against Chiang Kai-Shek. However in reality Fang Chenwu only advanced his force north on May 10th and it was to join the anti-Japanese forces.  From mid April to mid May, the United States, Britain, France and Germany finally entered the fray in North China. It was an extremely chaotic situation for everyone. The Japanese military in Tokyo had no control nor idea what the Kwantung Army was doing, so when they tried to explain their actions to the international community, they continuously were walking over rakes. All the talk from Tokyo seemed incomprehensible to the other great powers. The Chinese were clamouring the entire time for a ceasefire agreement, but lacked the means to force the Japanese to do so. Japan had left the League of Nations, thus was extremely isolated and insecure in regards to foreign relations. Thus if a nation like Britain or the US had actually put their foot down, the Japanese more than likely would have backed off. Another element to this debacle was the stance of the Imperial Japanese Navy, who had made it adamantly clear they had zero intention of fighting off the British or Americans because of their unruly siblings within the Army. However, both Britain and America were too preoccupied with internal strife, mostly the result of the Great Depression, to devote considerable effort to the crisis in China. The League of Nations remained completely useless during the North China incident, similarly to how they were useless with the Manchurian incident. The Lytton Commission had performed an on the spot inquiry, and it did play a role in establishing a ceasefire by the time of the Shanghai incident, but did nothing to really help China. China had begun appealing to the League when Shanhaiguan was attacked and this prompted the nations of the league to rapidly agree to the Lytton Commission report's recommendations. In turn this led Matsuoka Yosuke to walk out on the league. With Japan out of the League, Wellington Koo proposed harsh sanctions upon Japan in response to their invasion of Rehe province. Yet they did nothing. China would continuously make pleas, but it was to no avail.  Rather than rely upon the League, the Chinese began secret talks with Japanese officials aiming first for a ceasefire. Tang Erho, Lee Shuzheng and Wang Komin attempted talks, but failed. Then Chen Yi the political vice minister of military affairs, secretly spoke with Nemoto Hiroshi, an army attache at the Shanghai legation on April 27th. They established negotiations with Nemoto speaking on behalf of the Kwantung Army and Chen Yi on behalf of Ho Yingqin. The Chinese were clearly more eager than the Japanese for a ceasefire, but the Japanese no longer had a rationale to continue their operation. Regardless the Japanese took the victors stance and demanded the Chinese withdraw from the battlefield as a prerequisite to further Japanese advances. In the first meeting, Nemoto told Chen that the Kwantung Army had already withdrawn from the area east of the Luan River to give Ho Yingqin an opportunity to consider a ceasefire. He described the action as a friendly gesture and suggested the Chinese reciprocate it by withdrawing their troops. Chen countered this by claiming Ho Yingqin had shown his own sincerity at the battle of Nantienmen by ordering his troops to withdraw to a second line of defense, hoping this would allow the Japanese to pull away from Nantienmen. However by May 1st, the Japanese claimed they had captured and secured Nantienmen, so Nemoto informed Chen the Chinese forces north of the Great Wall should withdraw to a line connecting Miyun, Pinkou, Yutien and the Luan River. On May 2nd, the Chinese sent a reply to this, completely ignoring the line idea and instead referred to the recent battle at Xinglong and explained the local commander there was eager for a victory and refused to withdraw despite being asked twice to do so. The Chinese also notified Nemoto that a Political affairs council headed by Huang Fu was being established at Peiping, and it should be through that body that further negotiations were held. The Japanese welcomed this development. Just as it seemed the Shanghai talks were paving a way to a ceasefire, the leadership of the Kwantung Army abandoned their political maneuvers in favor of a settlement. On April 30th the Tientsin Special Service Agency insisted to their Japanese colleagues, the Chinese were just buying time and not sincere in their actions. That same day the Army General Staff and Foreign Ministry suddenly refused to initiate a ceasefire on the grounds the Chinese had agreed to an armistice only to save face. Lt Colonel Nagatsu Sahishige, the army attache at Peiping urged the 8th Division to rapidly strike southwards as far as Miyun to annihilate He Yingqin's planned counteroffensive. Such an action would immediately threaten the Peiping-Tientsin region. To push the envelope, the Japanese could toss a new Division into the mix and force further negotiations when the Chinese withdrew south of Miyun. Clearly the Japanese had their eyes set on Miyun now. As such General Nishi was secretly told to capture it without any direction from Tokyo HQ, nor from most of the Kwantung Army leadership. The Operations department of the Kwantung Army also independently elected to move troops east of the Luan River again. They argued "the enemy again advances east of the Luan River and persists in its defiant attitude. Therefore we must again deal them a crushing blow." The IJA 6th Division had been evacuated to the Great Wall back on April 23rd and along the way were closely pursued by Chinese forces. General Sakamoto sent a plan to the Kwantung Army headquarters "to again drive the enemy west of the Luan River,". A lot of chaos was reigning within the Japanese military because they were in echo chambers and not relaying information to another. When the Kwantung Army Operations department suddenly proposed a new advance east of the Luan River, on May 2nd a heated exchange took place between them and the Kwantung Army Intelligence Section: “INTELLIGENCE SECTION: The defiant attitude of the enemy is a matter of degree. While it is indisputable that some of their forces continue defiant, their main force is still stationed west of the Luan River. Therefore, a defiant attitude on the part of the enemy is not sufficient reason to deal them a crushing blow. The Kwantung Army withdrew from the Luan River line only ten days ago. As we understand it, the purpose was to comply with the imperial wish. If the army begins operations on a flimsy pretext at this time, inviting intervention by the central leadership, how can the honor of the commander in chief be maintained? What we should now attack are rather the enemy forces facing the 8th Division. For this, we should employ additional strength. By dealing a severe blow to the Chinese Central Army forces in this area, we can threaten Peiping and the operation should be all the more effective.  OPERATIONS SECTION: Due to the limitations of our supply capacity, we cannot use more than a certain level of forces against the enemy facing the 8th Division. Since the enemy east of the Luan River maintains a defiant attitude, they must be punished regardless of their strength.  INTELLIGENCE SECTION: Since the seizure of Nant'ienmen the 8th Division lacks the capability of pursuing the enemy. This is an unavoidable consequence of the small strength of its force from the outset of the operation. Isn't the First [Operations] Section uncertain that the enemy can be defeated even by the main force of the 8th Division, and doesn't it intend ultimately to deploy the 6th Division southward in concert with action by the 8th Division? If this is the case, it is understandable, and this section is not necessarily against it.   OPERATIONS SECTION: That is not what this section is considering.  INTELLIGENCE SECTION: In that case, there is no clear justification for launching the operation. The objective of the operation must be plainly spelled out to all concerned, from His Majesty at the top down to the lowest private. There must not be the slightest doubt about it.” After this conversation the Intelligence department debated amongst themselves before relaying another response at midnight, ultimately not approving it. The next day the Operations department sent a telegram to the negotiations team in Peiping: “1) Under present conditions, the Kwantung Army has no intention of accepting a cease-fire proposal for the time being, particularly because there are signs suggesting intervention by third countries in the matter.  2) Previously the Kwantung Army suggested the Miyun-Yiit'ienLuan River line as the retreat line for the Chinese army; but this did not mean it was to be their front line after a cease-fire. It rather indicated a line to which the Chinese army should immediately and voluntarily retreat as evidence of their sincerity. In other words, a cease-fire cannot be negotiated until they retreat to this line and abandon their provocative attitude, and until this is confirmed by the Kwantung Army. Their mere retreat to the indicated line, in today's circumstances, is not sufficient reason for us to respond to the cease-fire proposal. According to Peking telegram 483 [not identified], it appears that the intentions of our army have been somewhat misunderstood. Even if the Chinese retreat to the indicated line and display the sincerity of their intentions, we may possibly demand a retreat line farther south. We believe negotiations in this region should be handled by the central leadership in Tokyo rather than by the Kwantung Army. Act on this understanding.”   So after this message, the Intelligence department accused the Operations department of trying to find any excuse to renew the advance and sent a wire to Nemoto on April 29th "If the Chinese suddenly perceive their mistake, . . . we will not make war for the fun of it." However the Intelligence department was suddenly overruled by Colonel Kita who cabled the negotiators that the Operations department now had full approval from Kwantung Army vice chief of staff Okamura Yasuji. When General Muto received this notice he questioned "This draft order, states that the enemy has moved into the region east of the Luan River and is showing a provocative attitude. I did not receive such a report from the Second [Intelligence] Section before my departure from Hsinching. Does this mean there has been a subsequent change in the situation?" After being informed more so, Muto simply stated he wished to wait until the chief of staff could speak to him. Obviously Muto was getting wet feet and did not want to perform any actions not in accordance with Tokyo HQ, as Emperor Hirohito had put his foot down.  On May 3rd, General Koiso and Operations Department staff officer Endo Saburo spoke with Muto, indicating they had approval of Tokyo HQ general staff and even the Emperor. So Muto relented for a second advance and issued Order 503 on May 3rd to the IJA 6th and 8th Divisions. Now the Army General Staff were dragged into the Kwantung Army's debacle fully. So they drew up an emergency draft plan for measures in North China. To this aim:  “Through continuing pressure by the military might of the Kwantung Army, applied in concert with various political measures in North China, the Chinese forces in North China are to be compelled to make a substantia] surrender or to dissolve, thereby resulting in the withdrawal of the Chinese army along the China-Manchukuo border and in the establishment of peace in this area”.  Added to this the General Staff suggested a large counteroffensive be driven along the Great Wall and a formal truce agreement should be concluded once three conditions had been met: “(a) that Chinese forces had retreated voluntarily south and west of a line connecting Hsuanhua, Shunyi, Sanho, Yüt'ien, Luanchou, and Lot'ing; (b) that anti-Japanese activities had been controlled; and (c) that the preceding had been verified by the Japanese army”. Under immense pressure from the renewed Japanese advance, the Chinese government on May 3rd, had pushed for a new body to tackle the North China situation. That was the Peiping Political Affairs Council. It was composed of 22 members, headed by Huang Fu. Huang Fu was notably a pro-Japanese official, having been a graduate of the Tokyo Land Survey department training institute and had served early as a minister of foreign affairs. Since China had zero faith anymore in the League of Nations and believed if they failed to resolve the North China issue, this all might see a new civil war break out between Chiang Kai-Shek and Wang Jingwei. Thus everyone felt the time for active resistance was over and they must place all their effort into negotiations. Chiang Kai-Shek placed a great amount of authority upon Huang Fu and trusted the man. Huang Fu began his new task by speaking with all the political and financial leaders from both sides of the conflict to see how a real ceasefire could be met through dealmaking.  Meanwhile on May 6th the IJA 6th Division unleashed a new offensive south of the Great Wall and were followed by the 8th Division on the 11th. General Muto at this time made public statements blaming the Chinese for the renewed hostilities, making it seem the Japanese had intended to stay within the Great Wall area. The 6th Division swept across the sector east of the Luan River and by the 11th the Chinese defensive line collapsed. On the 12th the 6th Division crossed the Luan River, pursuing Yu Xuechengs 51st Army. In turn this threatened He Yingqin's main force who were facing the 8th Division. In the previous battles, Yu Xuechengs men had performed quite poorly and now even under direct command of He Yingqin were proving themselves helpless against the 6th division. Additionally Itagaki's agency over in Tientsin were using radio facilities to dispatch false directives from Chinese high command, ordering the forces to retreat from the front battle line. Two to three Chinese divisions were neutralized by these fake radio messages and in turn the Chinese became very demoralized at their lines. The 8th division had driven into the Gubeikou area on the 11th and it took them only a day to dislodge the Chinese from their line near Xuxiachen. By the 13th Xuxiachen had fallen completely. On the 11th and 12th, Japanese aircraft began flying over Peiping, as a demonstration of the terror they could deliver to the city at any moment. These developments altogether were pushing the Chinese civilians to demand of their politicians and generals that they appease the Japanese. Huang Fu proposed to Nemoto on the 12th that all Chinese troops could be withdrawn from Miyun to a line extending from Shunyi to Yutien and Tangshan. This was an enormous concession and nearly mirrored the line the Japanese had demanded.  The Japanese however, rejected the concession. To make matters worse for the Chinese, He Yingqin had been notified of the large concession proposal in advance and expected the Japanese to take it. Thus he had refrained from operating in strength at Miyun and did not significantly defend the path towards Peiping. It was the belief of the Japanese commanders, if they performed a full-scale attack towards Peiping now, He Yingqin would have no choice but to withdraw towards Shunyi. With this in mind the Japanese made a proposal on the 14th:  “1) According to the reports of the Peiping military attaché, the 8th Division should be prepared to advance in a single sweep to the southern limit of Miyun, if it is deemed necessary. Preparations for this attack should be expedited.  2) In conjunction with the above, front-line aircraft should take actions implying that a major Japanese offensive is about to begin.  3) In Tokyo, it should be announced publicly, in liaison with the Foreign Ministry, that the security of Jehol province cannot be guaranteed as long as the Chinese army remains in Miyun. Furthermore, every so often Japanese aircraft should make demonstration flights over the Shunyi-T'ungchou area.” Confronted with this, the Chinese were pretty screwed. The Chinese negotiations team were frantically searching for any way to force a ceasefire. Then the secretary of the Shanghai legation, Suma Yakichiro showed up to Peiping, which the Chinese viewed as a golden opportunity. The Chinese complained to him that the Kwantung Army had resumed their offensive and that a political agency in Tientsin were trying to enact coups. Suma bluntly told them the Japanese actions were backed fully by Tokyo and despite the Chinese belief that this was false or that Japan was facing a major financial deficit, this was all untrue.  While the dialogue continued to go nowhere, the 6th division had pursued the Chinese forces to the vicinity of Fengjun. Muto believed this had gone to far so he issued orders on May 13th limiting operations to the area north of a line connecting Miyun, Pingkou, Fegjun and Yungping. Now the 6th and 8th divisions were to assemble around Xuxiachen and Zunhua. Two days later he issued this statement to the public "If the Chinese army immediately abandons its hitherto provocative attitude and withdraws some distance from the border, our army will quickly return to the line of the Great Wall and pursue its regular task of maintaining security in Manchukuo." Likewise Muto ordered the Tientsin group to inform the Chinese that the Kwantung Army would return to the Great Wall if the Chinese forces retreated to the Shunyi-Yutien-Tangshan line. Nemoto forwarded all of this to Chen Yi. On May 15th He Yingqin ordered the withdrawal of the Chinese forces to a line between Malanyu, Linnantsang and Pamencheng.  With what seemed a imminent ceasefire at hand, the Kwantung Army HQ ordered the 6th and 8th divisions to take up positions strategically favorable for the negotiations to finally begin in ernest. On the 17th a draft ceasefire plan was drawn up. It envisioned the withdrawal of the Chinese forces to the Shunyi-Yutien-Tangshan line and in return the Japanese would pull back to the Great Wall area. Huang Fu was on his way back to Peiping from Shanghai for probably the 10th time in two weeks, when the Japanese captured Fengjun and Zhunhua, routing the Chinese across the Qi Canal to the right bank of the Pai River. The 6th Division then advanced towards Yutien and Xumenchen as the 8th division stood around Xuxiachn. When the Chinese began retreating from Miyun on May 18th, the 8th division suddenly converged upon Miyun. Muto was of course delighted by their new advantageous position and even briefly began talking to his colleagues about the prospect of just marching upon Peiping. Instead he decided to sweep through Miyun, Pingku and the Qi Canal, going even further west than he had stated he would back on the 13th.  With these new orders in hand, the 6th Division quickly captured Qixien on the 19th and further pursued retreating Chinese forces to Sanho. The 8th Division entered Miyun and two days later began advancing to Huaijou. By the 23rd Huaijou had fallen as the 6th Division reached the Qi Canal. These advances threatened the Peiping-Tientsin region. Both Japanese divisions halted on the 25th as the ceasefire was issued. With that last strike Muto felt he had significantly increased their poker hand going forward. Meanwhile Itagaki's team at Tientsin were still trying to bring about a coup. In tandem with the 8th Divisions attack on Miyun, the agency tried to engineer a revolt by the militia troops led by Song Queyuan, Fang Chenwu, Sun Tienying, amongst others. The idea was for these forces to occupy Peiping while wrecking havoc upon the Chinese central army within th region. The agency had attempting recruiting Wu Peifu, but the old jade marshal was unwilling, so they turned to this former protege, the chairman of Hubei, Yu Xuecheng. However he also declined. Yu Xuecheng was also approached by Hu Hanmin, looking to form an anti-Chiang Kai-Shek campaign in cooperation with Han Fuqu and Feng Yuxiang. To this Yu Xuecheng declined as well. Itagaki kept searching for disgruntled warlords, and then turned to Li Qiashan and Xu Yusan. Xu Yusan was a former ally to Feng Yuxiang with a history of anti-Chiang Kai-Shek actions. If they got the backing of his personal army, roughly 10,000 men strong at Tangshan they could do some real damage. On May 16th Xu Yusan declared independence and took up the Manchukuo 5 color flag in direct opposition to the Kuomintang. He began issuing the slogan “Hubi for the people of Hubei” as his army marched west along the Peiping-Shanhaiguan railway. His force reached the vicinity of Tangu whereupon they had increased to 30,000 and rumors emerged they would occupy Tientsin. This began a mass panic. . . for literally a day. His army collapsed into nothing more than a rabble as now had the stomach to actually fight their fellow countrymen.  Despite this grand failure, the Tientsin group continued with other plots. At 8 pm on May 19th, a Peiping bound train from Tangu, carrying Chinese soldiers was bombed around Tientsin station. The Japanese love bombing trains as we all know. This resulted in small incidents involving Japanese and Chinese officials, giving precedent for 600 Japanese troops led by Lt General Nakamura Kotaro to reinforce Tientsin on May 23rd. There were a few other incidents were supposedly Chinese agents were tossing grenades at Japanese officials. One of these officials was Major Mori Takeshi of the Japanese Army General Staff who was working in Tientsin. However the grenade thrown at him was a dud, and before the Japanese could seize it, some local Chinese grabbed it, finding a stamp on it bearing “Tokyo Artillery Arsenal”, oops.  These numerous incidents influenced the Chinese who feared Japan was trying to force an invasion into North China. To these rumors, He Yingqin insisted they mount a proper defense of Peiping, but many were arguing they had to further retreat. Meanwhile the Tientsin agency was told to stop performing incidents and instead secure northern warlords to their future cause. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The battle for the Great Wall of China was coming to a bitter end for the Chinese forces. The Japanese were using every deceptive measure to edge further and further into China proper. It seemed clear to the Chinese, nothing would stop Japanese encroachment upon their nation, while the rest of the world simply watched on doing nothing. 

NotiMundo A La Carta - Gustavo Isch, Panorama político- El correísmo se desgrana; el bloque de ADN suma legisladores by FM Mundo 98.1

Ander Iturralde da la bienvenida a Bruno Alemany para analizar toda la acción del fin de semana en la Premier League... Comenzando por el Newcastle pintándole la cara descaradamente al Manchester United; el Liverpool teniendo un día de tranquilidad, susto y victoria; el Arsenal reservando casi todo para que el Brentford le empate en lo que mantiene su mirada sobre Madrid; el Manchester City parecía condenado a cortarse con los cristales del palacio otra vez pero terminó haciéndolo añicos con una remontada de cinco goles; mientras que muchos menos fueron los que vimos en Nottingham, pero uno, el suficiente, con el que ver al Everton alzarse con una épica victoria sobre la bocina sobre el Forest; para el Southampton ya ha sonado la bocina y su entrenador ya se ha ido y Aaron Ramsdale paró dos penaltis y el Aston Villa les ganó por tres goles; el Leicester llevaba eones sin marcar y contra el Brighton vimos un inverosímil empate a dos; como también lo vimos entre el Chelsea y el Ipswich; pero menos comprensible fue cómo el Wolverhampton sumó su cuarta victoria seguida tras desmantelar al Tottenham en un nuevo episodio del drama australiano; lo mejor de Championship y mucho más.Apoya a que Alineación Indebida pueda prosperar, accede a todo nuestro contenido premium y a nuestro server de Discord suscribiéndote por tan sólo 1.00$/1.00€ en: https://www.patreon.com/alineacionindebidaAdemás... Ahora, al suscribirte en nuestra página de Patreon, puedes escuchar todo nuestro contenido de Alineación Indebida Premium a través del siguiente link de Spotify. Sólo tienes que vincular la cuenta que abras en Patreon y, a partir de ahí, tendrás desbloqueado todo el contenido premium que producimos: https://open.spotify.com/show/6WeulpfbWFjVtLlpovTmPv¡Volvemos el Jueves!Escucha Play Fútbol: https://open.spotify.com/show/644mIe0LkZRgZwAnD2Ee7HSigue a Ander: https://x.com/andershoffman / https://bsky.app/profile/anderiturralde.bsky.socialSigue a Bruno: https://x.com/brunoalemany / https://bsky.app/profile/brunoalemany.bsky.socialSigue al programa en Twitter: https://twitter.com/PodcastIndebidoSigue al programa en Instagram: instagram.com/podcastindebidoContacto: anderpodcast@gmail.com // alineacionindebidapodcast@gmail.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Primera temporada en Disney+ generó muchas dudas pero terminó MUCHO MEJOR de lo esperado.

En este episodio, repasamos los temas más críticos del día: • Mercados en rojo por guerra comercial: Los futuros caen tras el anuncio de China de subir aranceles a 125%. La Casa Blanca elevó el arancel total a productos chinos al 145%. El $SPX, $US100 y $INDU retroceden. Se espera el PPI (+0.3% mensual, +3.6% core) y comienza la temporada de earnings con bancos. • Intel bajo presión geopolítica: $INTC cayó -7.3% tras revelarse que su CEO Lip-Bu Tan ha invertido en más de 600 firmas tecnológicas chinas, algunas vinculadas al ejército. Inquietudes sobre su rol en contratos con el Departamento de Defensa arrastran a la acción a mínimos no vistos desde 2009. • Lucid gana terreno en Arizona: $LCID adquiere activos de $NKLAQ por ~$30M, incluyendo planta y maquinaria en Coolidge. Planea contratar a 300 exempleados. No incluye tecnología ni clientes de camiones. Suma +884,000 pies cuadrados a su infraestructura en EE.UU. Un episodio decisivo para entender el impacto real de la guerra comercial en empresas clave y cómo algunos jugadores aprovechan el caos para reposicionarse. ¡No te lo pierdas!

Escuche esta y más noticias de LA PATRIA Radio de lunes a viernes por los 1540 AM de Radio Cóndor en Manizales y en www.lapatria.com, encuentre videos de las transmisiones en nuestro Facebook Live: www.facebook.com/lapatria.manizales/videos

Anuncian trabajos de reencarpetamiento en la carretera México-Toluca Homicidios redujeron 14% en el primer semestre de la administración Desplome de techo en discoteca de República Dominicana ya suma 12 muertos 

On this episode of Chat By The Pitch, Ian sits down with Suma, Joe, and Robb to unpack the inner workings of Classic League. From the psychology of refereeing to the evolution of player pool policies, we examine how this North Texas institution strikes a balance between tradition and innovation. Expect candid stories—like Robb's $100 bet to become a ref—and insights into keeping soccer competitive, safe, and fun for kids. Whether you're a parent, coach, or referee, this episode has something for you!Key Talking Points• The subjective art of calling handballs and its evolution in the laws• How Classic League enforces rules like uniform soccer balls and sideline behavior• Player pool policies: Flexibility for teams vs. maintaining integrity• The referee pipeline: From grassroots to FIFA badges in North Texas• Promotion, relegation, and qualifying tournaments as competitive cornerstones• Managing parent behavior: Coaches' responsibility and league consequences• Innovation in the league: Player pools, field size experiments, and partnerships• The burnout factor: Balancing soccer with childhood and long-term love for the game• Referee training: Mentorship, scholarships, and pre-match game plans• Classic League's edge over national “alphabet leagues” and its MLS Next tiesTune In to Learn• Why handball calls are a referee's toughest decision• How Classic League's referee pool stands out nationally• The reasoning behind expanding rosters to 30 players• What keeps parents on the right side of the field (literally)• How promotion and relegation keep the league sharp• The role of mentors in shaping young officials• Why independent clubs thrive in Classic League• How the league adapts to IFAB law changes annually• The impact of burnout on youth soccer players• How Classic League paves paths to Dallas Cup and MLS NextQuotes from Suma, Joe, and RobbSuma:• "It's kids—I'm here for the kids. I'm not here to be a millionaire because it's not going to happen."• "We've got kids that got burned out, came back to U19, and had fun again."• "My kids' teams were my family, and those relationships last to this day."Joe:• "Referees like flow. We don't want to be on our whistle all the time."• "Promotion, relegation, and qualification preserve the competitive nature of the league."• "Kids want to play, be with friends, and still get to be kids—that's our advantage."• "More is caught than taught—parents are models of behavior for their kids."Robb:• "The laws of the game became clearer, but it's muddier from the touchline perspective."• "We have FIFA badges out on those fields and grassroots officials—it's phenomenal."• "The referee came over, gave me a hundred bucks, and said, ‘Go take your course.'”Connect with Classic League

O Roda Viva entrevista o embaixador André Corrêa do Lago, presidente da COP30.A 30ª Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre as Mudanças Climáticas, COP30, será realizada, em novembro, na cidade de Belém, capital do Pará. O embaixador destacou que a Conferência ocorrerá em um contexto particularmente complexo, já que dois dos principais atores mundiais das negociações climáticas, os Estados Unidos e a União Europeia, reavaliam suas prioridades e se distanciam do combate às emissões de gases que causam o aquecimento global.Nesta edição, participam da bancada de entrevistadores: Giovana Girardi, chefe da cobertura socioambiental da Agência Pública; João Gabriel, repórter da Folha de S.Paulo; Malu Delgado, jornalista na plataforma Sumaúma; Rafael Garcia, repórter do jornal O Globo; e Rosana Jatobá, jornalista especialista em sustentabilidade e agenda ESG.Com apresentação de Vera Magalhães, as ilustrações em tempo real são de Luciano Veronezi.Assista à íntegra: #TVCultura #RodaViva #AndréCorrêaDoLago #COP30 #MeioAmbiente #Brasil

Más de 60 brigadistas combaten incendio forestal en Zinacantepec Colectivas feministas cierran carriles centrales de Paseo de la Reforma Miles de personas protestan en Tel Aviv Más información en nuestro Podcast

¡QUE RUEDE LA PELOTA!

El duelo y los problemas graves como los accidentes pueden restarle a tu vida paz y sumarles a tus emociones dificultades. ¿Cómo gestionarlas? Esto nos recomienda el Dr. César Lozano.Escucha Pregúntale a César, una segunda opinión ayuda mucho y más cuando estás desesperado. Un contenido del podcast de Por el Placer de Vivir.Disponible en la App de Uforia, nuestro canal de YouTube: Uforia Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, Spotify o donde prefieras escucharnos.¿Cómo te sentiste al escuchar este Episodio? Déjanos tus comentarios, suscríbete y cuéntanos cuáles otros temas te gustaría oír en #porelplacerdevivir 

Hoy, en Durmiendo Podcast, te acompañamos en un ejercicio de visualización para soltar lo que ya no suma en tu vida y abrir espacio para lo que sí. Abraza las nuevas oportunidades, conecta con la calma y prepárate para un descanso renovador.–A lo largo de estos 3 años de Durmiendo Podcast, hemos compartido episodios que les han ayudado muchísimo. Por eso, hoy traemos de vuelta las herramientas que más han resonado con ustedes y que les han acompañado a cerrar su día con calma