Podcasts about nicholas institute

Send us a textIn this introductory episode of Temperature Check: Coastal Edition, hosted by Natalia Sanchez Loayza, we explore the impacts of extreme heat in coastal North Carolina. Natalia speaks with Jordan Clark, a climatologist and senior policy associate at the Heat Policy Innovation Hub and the Water Policy Program at the Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability at Duke University, about how extreme heat is reshaping daily life, agriculture, local economies, and even high school athletics. Clark discusses the cumulative dangers of heat stress, how nighttime temperatures significantly affect our health, and why coastal communities must urgently address these escalating risks.Join us for this insightful preview of a critical new Shoresides series examining the human realities of rising temperatures on North Carolina's coast.Clark references a Heat Action Plan Toolkit created by the Office of Recovery and Resiliency that supports counties preparing for extreme heat events. You can find out more about the research that created the toolkit as well as links to it here.Support the showwww.shoresides.org

Join host Norbert Wilson and co-host Kerilyn Schewel in the latest episode of the Leading Voices in Food podcast as they dive deep into the world of small-scale fisheries with two distinguished guests: Nicole Franz from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and John Virdin from Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Discover the significant role small-scale fisheries play in food security, economic development, and community livelihoods. Learn about the unique challenges these fisheries face, and how community-led climate adaptation alongside top-down national policies can help build resilience. This episode also highlights collaborative efforts between academia and organizations like FAO, painting a comprehensive picture of the state and future of small-scale fisheries. Interview Summary Kerilyn - So, Nicole, let's begin with you. Why is your work at the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization focused on small-scale fisheries and fishing communities? And could you share with us how they are different from fisheries more broadly? What's unique about them and their role in food production? Nicole - Yes. Let me start with the latter question. And I think the first thing is to clarify actually what are small-scale fisheries, no? Because sometimes if you think about small-scale fisheries, what most people will have in mind is probably that of a man in a small boat fishing. But in reality, it's a sector that is much more diverse. There are, for example, women in Indonesia that are collecting clams by foot. Foot fishers. Or we have examples from small-scale fisheries that are fishing boats in Norway, which are comparably small, but if you compare them, for example, with how small-scale fishing looks in a place like Mozambique, it's a very different scale. But all of that, however, is comprised in what we understand as small-scale fisheries. It is also important to understand that when we talk about small-scale fisheries in FAO, we don't only limit it to what is happening in the water, the harvesting part, but we also include what happens once the fish is out of the water. So, once it's processed, then, and when it's traded. So, so it's a whole supply chain that is connected to that small-scale fisheries production that we understand as being small-scale fisheries. And with Duke University, with John who is present here, and other colleagues and other colleagues from World Fish, we did a global study where we tried to estimate the global contributions of small-scale fisheries to sustainable development. And what we found was that at least 40 percent of the global catch is actually coming from inland and marine small-scale fisheries. And that's, that's enormous. That's a huge, huge amount. More important almost is that, that 90 percent of all the people that are employed in capture fisheries are in small-scale fisheries. And that is the human dimension of it. And that's why the community dimension is so important for the work. Because it is that big amount of people, 61 million people, that are employed in the value chains. And in addition to that, we estimated that there are about 53 million people that are actually engaging in small-scale fisheries for subsistence. So, if we consider those people that are employed in small-scale fisheries, plus those that are engaging for subsistence, and all their household members, we're actually talking about close to 500 million people that depend at least partially on small-scale fisheries for their livelihoods. We also looked at the economic dimensions of small-scale fisheries, and we found that the value from the first sale of small-scale fishery products amounts to 77 billion. So, these numbers are important. They show the importance of small-scale fisheries in terms of their production, but also in terms of the livelihood [00:05:00] dimension, in terms of the economic value that they generate. And, last but not least, we also looked at the nutritional value from small-scale fisheries. And we estimated that the catch from small-scale fisheries would be able to supply almost 1 billion women globally with 50 percent of the recommended omega 3 fatty acid intake. So, I think with all of these numbers, hopefully, I can convey why the focus on small-scale fish is, in the context of food security and poverty eradication in particular, is of fundamental importance. Kerilyn - Thanks, Nicole. That's really helpful to get a kind of global picture. If I could follow up to ask, what regions of the world are small-scale fisheries more common, or do economies rely on them? And in what regions do you see them disappearing? Are they common in countries like the US, for example? Well, they're certainly more common in what is often considered as a Global South. In Asia in particular, we encountered the largest total numbers, absolute numbers, in terms of people involved in terms of production. But also in Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean. In the Pacific, obviously, they play a crucial role. They are more and more disappearing in the US, for example, in Europe. We see that it is a livelihood that is no longer very common. And one of the features we see there that it's an aging sector, it's a shrinking sector, for a number of reasons. But they still define the characteristic of certain areas where they really are part of the identity and of the local culture, even in the U.S. or in many, many places in Europe. Norbert - Nicole, this is really fascinating. Thank you for sharing this broad overview of what's happening and who are small-scale fishers. What are some of the common challenges that these small-scale fishers and fisheries face? And what is FAO's response to those challenges? Nicole - Well, where to start? There are so many challenges. I think one fundamental challenge that is common across all regions is securing access to fishing grounds. But not only to fishing grounds, but also to the coastal areas where operations, where they land the boats, where they, where the process of fish, where the fishing villages and communities are located. In many areas around the world, we see expansion of tourism, expansion of urban areas and coastal areas. The increase of other industries that are competing for the space now, and that are often stronger economically more visible than small-scale fisheries. So, the competition over space in those areas is quite an issue. But there are also many challenges that are more outside of the fishing activity directly. For example, often small-scale fishing communities lack access to services. We had basic services such as education or health services, social protection. And in many cases, women are particularly disadvantaged in relation to access to these services. For example, women that are involved in harvesting or in processing of fish in small-scale fisheries, they often do not know where to leave their children while they are at work because there's no childcare facility in many of these villages. And there are 45 million women that are engaged in small-scale fisheries around the world. Another set of challenges relates to the value chains and the markets. Often there's limited infrastructure to connect to markets. The processing and storage facilities are not adequate to bring the product to the market in a state that allows it to then fetch good prices and to benefit from the value chain. Often small-scale fishers and fish workers are also not well organized. So, they become more subject to power imbalances along the value chain where they have to be price takers. Now they have to accept what is offered. That also relates often to a lack of transparency in relation to market information. And of course, then we have another set of challenges that are coming from climate change that are becoming more and more important. And from other types of disasters also. One thing that brings together all these challenges, or makes them worse, is often the lack of representative structures and also institutional structures that allow for participation in relevant decision making or management processes. So that small-scale fishers and fish workers don't even have an opportunity to flag their needs or to propose solutions. So, FAO has facilitated a process to develop Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries in the Context of Food security and Poverty Eradication. Quite a mouthful of a name. In short, we call them small-scale fisheries guidelines. In which all the major challenges in a way are compiled in one document together with guidance on how to address them. And these guidelines are the result of a participatory development process. So, they are really informed by the involvement of fishing communities from around the world, but also other stakeholders. And they have been agreed on and have been endorsed by the almost 200 members of the FAO. We are now working with countries, with the small-scale fishing communities around the world, with other partners, including Duke University, to help implement these small-scale fisheries guidelines. Norbert - Oh, this is really fascinating and it's important work. I'm intrigued with the participatory process. How are small-scale fisher organizations involved in this? Are you working with different organizations? Or is this more individuals who are just interested in this issue coming to the fore? This is through organizations at all levels. Be it at the national level where we are, for example, facilitating the formation of new women organizations in a number of African countries. Be it at the regional level, in particular in Africa, there are existing structures in the context of the African union, which has established so called non state actor platforms for fisheries and aquaculture, which we are supporting in order to bring their voice into the processes and to facilitate peer learning. And then there's a number of global social movements and producer organizations for small-scale fisheries that we are working with and using them as a facilitator to involve as many as possible. And gather as much insight that is coming from the membership of those organizations to then bring into global, regional, national processes from our side. Norbert - This is really important to hear how different forms of governance and at different levels are playing a part in developing these guidelines. Thank you for sharing that, Nicole. I'd like to turn to you, John. You have more than 20 years of experience in studying and advising government policies to regulate human use of the oceans. With a particular focus on marine conservation practices. How has your thinking about marine conservation changed over the last 20 years? John - Yeah, it's changed a bit. As you mentioned, my interest in work has been on ocean conservation and how it can alleviate poverty. A lot of times that has meant managing fisheries to address poverty. And I think in the past, that meant that I was really focused on what governments could do to increase the efficiency of fisheries. The economic efficiency. How do we increase incomes, how do you increase revenues for communities? All very important, but for all the reasons that Nicole mentioned, I spend a lot more time now thinking about the process rather than the outcomes, and thinking about what institutions are in place, or can be created, to help empower small-scale fishing communities to have much more of a voice in the decisions that affect them. In how the resources are used. How the space is used. And Nicole outlined really well a lot of the challenges that are facing communities from increased industrialization of ocean use to the squeeze from climate change and the effect on resources. And even the fact that climate change may be driving people to the oceans. I mean, as farms and agricultures maybe fail or face challenges, oceans are often open access, and can even be a sink for people to make a livelihood. And so, yet more pressures coming from outside these fisheries. How can fishers have a greater voice in making the decisions that impact them and safeguarding their livelihoods? Norbert - Thank you for that. I'm interested in understanding how do these fisher folks, who are trying to organize and are organizing, how does that interact with sort of larger markets? I mean, I would imagine a number of these folks are catching fish and other seafood that goes into global markets. What's the interaction or challenges that may happen there? John - As Nicole mentioned, because small-scale fisheries are so diverse you have markets in many places. These may be located near an urban center where you can have easy access. You can get fresh fish in a cooler and put it on a plane and off it goes to an export market. We found that, what may be surprised us, is a significant number of small-scale fishers are exporting in some cases. So, then that can be challenging because you might get higher prices, which is a good thing. But it might drive, for example, more fishing effort. It might drive higher levels of exploitation. It might change traditional practices, traditional rules for fisheries. It might really change how fishers organize in a given place. So, the access to export markets, even say an island setting, has kind of scrambled past fisheries management in some places and can be an outside force. Kerilyn - John and Nicole, I want to ask you both a question now about painting a picture of these communities that you're working with. You both mentioned how diverse small-scale fisheries can be. I was wondering if you could just share what one community in particular looks like that you've worked with? What are the challenges that a particular community faces, or alternatively, where do you see things actually working well? So Nicole, could I ask you to respond first? Nicole - I'm working more with global processes and the global level. So, through that, I have the privilege of working with representatives from many, many communities. So maybe what I can share is the feedback that I'm getting through that, in terms of the change that we can observe, and that is affecting fishing communities around the world. I think one thing that is being brought up as a concern by many is what I mentioned before. It's a process of aging in fishing communities and often a lack of capacity to retain young people in the sector. And that has different reasons. Now there are all of these challenges that small-scale fisheries have to face and that are difficult to overcome. So, that often drives people, in particular young men, to leave the communities. Or within the communities, to look for other alternative livelihoods now and not to take on the skills of fishermen or getting engaged in small-scale fisheries more broadly. So, in some cases, yes, it's not only other activities within the community, but really leaving the community and leaving in some cases also the country. What we see there is that sometimes people that have the skills, maybe still as a fisher, they have tried to fish. So, they have a knowledge of fishing. They emigrate out into other countries. And in some cases they are then hired into industrial fisheries where they work on industrial boats that go out fishing for longer periods of time. But where they at times end up in situations that can be called slave labor, basically, that are subject to serious violations of human rights. And that is in a way generated by this vulnerability to the poverty that is still there in those communities. The lack of being able to make a living, a decent work in the fishing community. So, that is something that we have seen is happening. We have also seen that in some cases, there's an involvement of fishers into say more illegal activities, be it in drug trafficking, be it also into the trafficking of people. I'm thinking even about the Mediterranean. I'm working out of Italy, Rome. We have a lot of immigration from North African countries, for example, coming through that route. And oftentimes it happens that the transport of migrants is actually carried out by fishers and their boats because they have the skill to navigate the sea. And they make a better living by transporting illegal migrants than going fishing. So, those are some of the challenges we hear. And the other one is there in relation to what is now a concept that is getting more and more traction. It's often known as the blue economy, which is, in a way, looking at the ocean as the last frontier for economic development. And that includes on the one hand, the expansion of previously existing industries, such as tourism. But also the expansion of newer sectors such as alternative energy production. Think wind parks now in coastal areas. So, what happens here is that in many cases, this adds again, additional pressure on the available maritime space. In the water and on the land. The expansion of marine aquaculture is another example. So, that also is something that we hear is becoming an issue for small-scale fishing communities to defend the space that they need to maintain their lifestyle. Kerilyn - John, is there anything you'd like to add on this question of how fisheries are changing? John - Very, very briefly. Taking the example in West Africa where I've spent some time over the years, you certainly have some communities there where it actually doesn't seem as if the fisheries are changing as much in the sense it's quite static and stagnant. And this could be caused by a lot of the reasons that Nicole mentioned, but the community, the economy, the fisheries aren't growing. People, young people may be leaving for a number of reasons, but it doesn't have to be that way either. I mean, there are positive examples. I was in Liberia last week, and there, from the numbers that the government has, small-scale fishing communities are growing. The number of fishers are growing. They've actually made a conscious effort to protect a certain area of the ocean just for small-scale fisheries. And to prohibit trawling and to give the communities more space to grow and operate in the 20 years since the conflict ended there. So, again, it doesn't have to be sort of stagnant or grinding on in some of these communities as they cope with competition for resources, for example, competition for space from others. Where they were given that space, in some cases in Liberia, they've grown. That may have its own challenges but. Kerilyn - Interesting. In the back of my mind, when thinking about these communities and aging and migration of younger generations away from these livelihoods, you know, as someone who studies the relationship between migration and development, I think it's a common trend where, you know, as countries develop, young people leave traditional economic activities. They get more educated, they move to cities, they move abroad. To what degree is this somehow just part of these countries' development? Should we expect young people to be leaving them? And to what degree might we think differently about development in a way that would enable more young people to stay? And I think, John, you mentioned a really interesting point about how protecting the space For these small-scale fisheries to operate is one thing that seems to have kept people engaged in this livelihood. I'd be curious if there's other things that come up for you. Other ways of thinking about enhancing the capability to stay in small-scale fishing livelihoods. John - Sure, and I'd be curious what Nicole's seeing from her perspective. I think, to some extent, it's a different question if small-scale fisheries are economically viable. And so, what I think Nicole and I are referring to in many cases is where for a lot of these external pressures upon them, they may not be as viable as they once were. And that has its own push on people, whereas where fishers are empowered, they have more of a voice in what happens to the fisheries and controlling those spaces and resources, and it can be more economically viable in these fisheries. That presents a different set of choices for young people then. So that's where we've really focused is: okay, what is the process by which small-scale fishing communities have their voices heard more, have much more of a say and much more power in the use of the fisheries, the use of the coastal areas, the things that affect those fisheries and their livelihoods? And then we can see what those choices might look like. But Nicole, I'm not sure if that's consistent with what you've seen in a number of places. Nicole - Yes, and maybe to also rebalance a bleak picture I painted before. Like John said, there are obviously good examples. I think an important condition is probably a linkage to markets. Non-economic viability in many ways does play a role. And there are examples of how that can happen in different ways. For example, in Morocco, the country has made quite a significant investment to build a whole series of ports for small-scale fisheries. Specifically, along the entire coastline of Morocco where they are providing a port that is not just a landing site for small-scale fisheries, but it provides like a system of integrated services. There's an auction hall. So, the fish comes in, it's immediately kind of weighted. They get the information, the label for what they have brought in, then it goes into an auction that has set rules and everybody is tied to. But in that same area, for example, there's also a bank or there is an office that helps with the access to social protection services, for example. So, it's a whole integrated service center, and that really makes a difference to help make the sector more efficient. But at the same time, also really keep the tradition. So, it's not only economic efficiency, but by having all these different centers, it allows to maintain many people employed and to also maintain the characteristics of each of those different lending sites. That's one example. I was in Korea last year and there, they were doing something similar. They are reviving some of their traditional fishing villages where they are also investing in those fishing communities and providing them with funding to set up, for example, restaurants that are run directly by those involved in the fishery. Those are particular places that are close to cities. In my case, I was in Busan. So, it's very closely connected to the consumers now that come out there. They are focusing on certain products in these villages that they are famous for traditionally. They have little shops and they're starting e-commerce for some of the products. So, the way they package, and the label has become much, much wider than before. So again, that has revived a bit those communities. In Italy, it's a country that's famous for its food, you know. And they are in the region that's called the Amalfi coast. There's a tiny village and it's famous for the production of a value-added product made from tiny sardines that are fished by the small-scale fisheries boats. And they are processed in a very particular way. And there is like a label of geographic origin of this product, and it can only come from that village. And it has a high price and has it's like a high-end product, so to say. And in a way these are also approaches that provide dignity to this profession. And a sense of pride which is really important and should not be underestimated in also increasing the willingness, for example, of young people to be part of that and maintain the viability of the sector. John – I'd like to just add, I think that's a really important point on the dignity and pride and the importance of these fisheries in so many places and cultures. I mean, I'll never forget talking to a minister of finance in one country and starting to try to make the economic case for supporting small-scale fisheries. He cut me off in about 30 seconds and started talking about growing up fishing in the village and going back home for vacations, and just the importance to the entire community of fishing to him and just how much it was a part of the fabric of the culture. Kerilyn - I love that. That does seem so important and wonderful to hear those very specific examples that do give some hope. It's not just a bleak future. Norbert - You know, it's great to hear how government policy is helping shape and reshape these fisheries in a way that allow for economic viability and also these are opportunities to connect communities to these traditions. And so, I find that really fascinating. I want to kind of push a little bit beyond that and bring back the idea of how to deal with climate that was mentioned earlier. And also change our focus from government policy to sort of what's happening within these small-scale fisheries and fishery organizations. So Nicole, a lot of your work focuses on building more inclusive policy processes and stakeholder engagement. And so, from your perspective, how does community-led climate adaptation, rather than top down adaptation agendas, lead to different outcomes? Nicole - Well, I think one way that seems quite obvious, how community-led adaptation can lead to different outcomes is simply that in that case, the traditional and the indigenous knowledge that is within those communities will be considered much more strongly. And this is something that can be really critical to crafting solutions for that very site-specific context. Because the impact of the climate change can be very different in every region and every locality not due to that specific environment that it's encountering there. And holding the knowledge and being able to observe the changes and then adapt to them is something that certainly a community-based approach has an advantage over something that would be a coming from a more centralized top down, a little bit more one-size-fits-all approach. And this can then imply little things like, for example, if the water temperature changes, we see a change in the fish behavior. Now we see how certain stocks start to move to different environments and others are coming in. So, the communities obviously need to adapt to that. And they do that automatically. Now, if it changes, they adapt their gear, they adapt to the new species that is there. So, in many cases, there are solutions that are already happening, and adaptations that are already happening that may not carry that label, that name. But if you look at it, it is really what is happening, no? Or you can see in some cases, that for example, there are initiatives that are coming also spontaneously from the communities to replant mangrove forests, where you can observe that there is a rising seawater level that is threatening the communities and where they have their houses, where they have their daily lives. Now, you can see that through NGOs and often there is support projects for that. But you can also see it happening more spontaneously when communities observe that change. So, the top-down approaches often they lack that more nuanced, site-specific considerations in their approaches and the consideration of that specific knowledge. On the other hand, it needs to be said though, that the top-down approaches can also play an important role. For example, countries develop their national adaptation plans. And those plans are usually, you know, developed at a higher level, at the central level. And often fisheries and aquaculture are not necessarily included in those plans. So that is something where the top-down level can play a very important role and really make a difference for small-scale fisheries by ensuring that fisheries and aquaculture are included in a sector. So, I guess that in the end, as always, it's not black and white. No, it's something that we need to take into account both of it and have any climate change adaptation approach to small-scale fisheries being grounded in both. And have a way to bridge the top down and the bottom-up approaches. Norbert - I really like this idea of bridging between the top down and the bottom-up approaches, understanding the local knowledge that's there. I would imagine that's also knowledge that when used to make decisions makes it easier for people to stick with those decisions, because it's a part of their voice. It's who they are. And then the other side, it's critical to make sure that those plans are a part of a larger national move, because if the government is not involved, if those higher-level decision makers are not involved, they can easily overlook the needs of those communities. I really appreciate hearing that. I think sometimes we hear this tension. It needs to be one or the other. And you're making a really compelling point about how it has to be integrated. John, I'm really intrigued to see from your perspective. How do you see this top down versus bottom-up approach working in the work you've done? John - I'll do what I typically do is echo and agree with Nicole, but just to give an example that I love. I teach this one in my classes. There's an old paper by Bob Johannes, a marine ecologist. And the standard practice in managing fisheries as government scientists is you count the fish, you then set limits for them, often from the top down. And his point was in the case of Indonesia, if you look at the reef fisheries that go through most of the communities, one tool to assess the fish stocks is to do a visual census. You swim transects along the reefs and you count the fish. So, he did a back of the envelope estimate and he said, well, if you're going to do that through all the reefs throughout Indonesia, it would probably be finished in about 400 years. And that would give you one snapshot. So, he's saying you can't do this. You have to rely on the local knowledge in these communities. I don't want to romanticize traditional knowledge too much, but I just can't imagine how policies would effectively support adaptation in these communities without building upon this traditional ecological knowledge. Kerilyn - John, since coming to Duke from the World Bank, you've regularly collaborated with non-academic partners like the FAO as well as the UN environmental program. Can you tell us more about how your partnership with the FAO and your work with Nicole more specifically began? John - Sure. I think more than anything, I got really lucky. But when I first came to Duke, I started working with a colleague, Professor Xavier Basurto at the Marine Lab, who I think is one of the world's leading scholars on how communities come together to manage common resources like fish stocks. We organized a workshop at Duke on small-scale fisheries. We got talking to Nicole, invited her and some of her colleagues at FAO to that workshop, together with others, to think about a way forward for small-scale fisheries for philanthropy. And I think from those conversations started to see the need to build a global evidence base on how important these fisheries are in society. And Nicole could probably say it better, but from there, she and colleagues said, you know, maybe you all could work with us. We're planning to do this study to build this evidence base and maybe we could collaborate. And I think we're very fortunate that Duke gives the space for that kind of engaged research and allows us to do it. I don't think we knew how long it would be when we started, Nicole. But over five years and 800 researchers later, we - Javier, Nicole, myself, and so many others - concluded with this global study that we hope does have a little bit clearer picture on the role of these fisheries in society. Kerilyn - Nicole, from your side, what does an academic partner bring to the table? What's your motivation for partnering with someone like John or Duke University more specifically. Well, I think as FAO, we like to call ourselves a knowledge organization, but we're not an academic institution. We don't conduct research ourselves, no? So, we need to partner around that. We work with the policy makers though. So, one of our roles, in a way, is to build that. To broker and improve the science policy interface. So, this is why collaboration with academia research for us is very important. And what we experienced in this particular collaboration with Duke University to produce this study called Illuminating Hidden Harvest, the Contributions of Small-scale Fisheries to Sustainable Development was really that first we realized we have a shared vision, shared objectives. And I think that's fundamental. Now, you need to make sure that you have the same values, how you approach these things. And in this case, it aligned very well that we really wanted to take in a way, a human-centered and multidimensional approach to look at small-scale fisheries. And then it was also very important to understand what every partner brings to the table, no? The different strengths that we have. And then based on that, define the roles and what everybody's doing in a project. And the added value for us was certainly the capacity from the Duke University side to help develop the method that we develop for the country case studies that we conducted in 58 countries. And not only to develop that method, but then we had a postdoc at Duke University for this project, who was actually then engaging with all of the people. People in these 58 countries. And, and she was. coaching them in that methodology, actually in three languages, which was quite amazing. It was very, very thorough. We could not have done that. And we had a lot of other students from Duke University that helped us once we had the data gathered. To then screen that data, harmonize that data, clean that data, obviously under the leadership of John, Xavier and other colleagues, no? So that was really something that was adding a lot of value and actually also helped us to get to know a lot of the students from Duke. And some of those then ended up also becoming consultants working with us more broadly on small-scale fisheries. So that was certainly great, great value for FAO as collaboration. BIOS Nicole Franz, Equitable Livelihoods Team Leader, Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN. Nicole is a development economist with 18 years of experience in intergovernmental organizations. She holds a Master in International Cooperation and Project Design from University La Sapienza, Rome and a Master in Economic and Cultural Cooperation and Human Rights in the Mediterranean Region. From 2003 to 2008 she was a consultant for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). In 2009-10 she was Fishery Planning Analyst at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Paris, focusing on fisheries certification. Since 2011 she works for the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Division where she coordinates the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines) with a focus on inclusive policy processes and stakeholder empowerment. Since 2021 she leads the Equitable Livelihoods team.  John Virdin is director of the Oceans Program at the Duke University Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability. He has a total of over twenty years' experience in studying and advising government policies to regulate human use of the oceans, particularly marine conservation policies to reduce poverty throughout the tropics. His focus has been largely on managing fisheries for food and livelihoods, expanding to broader ocean-based economic development policies, coastal adaptation and more recently reducing ocean plastic pollution. He directs the Oceans Program at the Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability, aiming to connect Duke University's science and ideas to help policymakers solve ocean sustainability problems. He has collaborated in this effort with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and the United Nations Environment Program, as well as regional organizations such as the Abidjan Convention secretariat, the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, the Sub-Regional Fisheries Commission of West Africa and the Parties to the Nauru Agreement for tuna fisheries management in the Western Pacific. He co-created and teaches an introductory course for undergraduate students to understand the role of ocean policy in helping solve many of society's most pressing development challenges on land. His work has been published in books, edited volumes and a number of professional journals, including Nature Ecology and Evolution, Ecosystem Services, Environment International, Fish and Fisheries and Marine Policy, as well as contributing to China Dialogue, The Conversation, the Economist Intelligence Unit, and The Hill.    

In this episode, host Emilia Rivadeneira provides a news roundup and speaks with Dr. Ashley Ward, director of the Heat Policy Innovation Hub at Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, about the heat wave that has taken over several areas of North Carolina, including the Triangle. Dr. Ward explores the impacts of the heat wave on local communities and the environment, gives recommendations for North Carolinians and provides potential future solutions to boost heat resilience in our community. For more information on the issue of extreme heat, visit the Heat Policy Innovation Hub's website.

In This Episode, You Will Learn: Analyzing hockey player data for performance and recovery insights The gaps in sports science and its  application today.   Resources + Links:   Check out Anthony's Masterclass -  The High Performance Hockey Masterclass   Follow Anthony on Instagram | @anthonydonskov Follow Anthony on Twitter | Anthony Donskov, PhD Subscribe to our YouTube Channel | The HPH Podcast with Anthony Donskov   Follow HPH Podcast on Instagram | @hph_podcast Follow HPH Podcast on Twitter | @TheHPH_Podcast   Learn more on our Website | https://www.donskovsc.com/   Check out Anthony's Books Physical Preparations for Ice Hockey: Biological Principles and Practical Solutions The Gain, Go, and Grow Manual: Programming for High Performance Hockey Players   Show Notes: Today we're joined by Dr. Mal McHugh and Reg Grant! Mal is the Director of Research at the Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma at Lenox Hill Hospital, which is part of the Northwell Health System. Mal is also the Sports Performance Consultant for the National Hockey League. Reg is the Director of Human Performance at Holy Name Medical Center in Teaneck, New Jersey, a former President of the Strength and Conditioning Association of Professional Hockey, and for 17 years served as the Head Strength Conditioning Coach of the New York Rangers, which specializes in leading interdisciplinary health, wellness and athletic performance teams. In this episode, we talk about decades of testing from the Batman and Robin of testing and high performance hockey, Reg on the floor collecting the data and Mal analyzing the data behind the scenes. We also speak about external load and ice hockey, and a research article yet to be published by Mal titled ‘Accelerometer based measurement of physiological and physical intensity in male ice hockey players: An algorithm for quantifying accelerometry data and ice hockey, identifying a reliable g-force profile'. Interesting article, interesting conversation, interesting talk.​​ 00:00:00 Welcome back to the show, Dr. Mal McHugh and Reg Grant! 00:02:10 How, where, and with whom did you evolve your data stream? 00:05:10 How did you two start working together? 00:07:50 What were the biggest mistakes you learned from? 00:11:40 What were your aha moments? 00:14:05 Giving context to information to get results. 00:17:45 What are the limitations of measurements? 00:21:00 How did your technology evolve? 00:27:40 What were the biggest insights you made? 00:32:25 What targeted interventions did your data allow you to make? 00:35:00 How Mal analyzes athlete data, athletic performance, and injury risk.  00:38:50 Using accelerometry to measure G-force in ice hockey players.  00:41:40 Analyzing hockey player data for performance and recovery insights.  00:46:55 Is there an ideal G-force profile? 00:49:25 Why do you measure G-force? 00:55:45 What gaps are you seeing in sports science and its application?  01:02:00 Best practices for applying sports science in training environments.  01:06:30 When hiring a sports performance director how do you objectify the position?  

In This Episode, You Will Learn: The aha moments of testing hip asymmetry in athletes. The drawbacks of adductor squeeze testing. How to conduct research that makes a difference.   Resources + Links: Learn more about Dr. McHugh's research | https://nismat.org/about/nismat-team/research-team/malachy-mchugh-phd/   Check out Anthony's Masterclass -  The High Performance Hockey Masterclass   Follow Anthony on Instagram | @anthonydonskov Follow Anthony on Twitter | Anthony Donskov, PhD Subscribe to our YouTube Channel | The HPH Podcast with Anthony Donskov   Follow HPH Podcast on Instagram | @hph_podcast Follow HPH Podcast on Twitter | @TheHPH_Podcast   Learn more on our Website | https://www.donskovsc.com/   Check out Anthony's Books Physical Preparations for Ice Hockey: Biological Principles and Practical Solutions The Gain, Go, and Grow Manual: Programming for High Performance Hockey Players   Show Notes: What are the unintentional drawbacks of the tests we run? Today, we'll have an educational conversion all about research, statistics, and conducting tests for high performance athletes with our special guest, Dr. Mal McHugh! Dr. McHugh received his PhD in exercise physiology in 1999 from the University of Wales, Bangor before he began his work as Director of Research at the Nicholas Institute of Sports & Medicine and Athletic Trauma. In his decades long experience, he has led a multidisciplinary team including orthopedic surgeons, physical therapists, exercise physiologists, nutritionists, biomechanists, medical engineers, and athletic trainers.   In this episode, we'll explore his research and approach to testing, measurements, and statistics. We will dive deep into testing hip asymmetry, most notably the drawbacks of adductor squeeze tests. As we go, I'll share the aha moments that changed my perspective on how we view these tests and the unintended consequences of them. Whether you're a sports scientist, coach, or athlete, you'll be able to discover something new from the tests you run. This is how we can conduct research that makes a difference! 0:00:00 Introducing the Director of Research at the Nicholas Institute of Sports & Medicine and Athletic Trauma, Dr. Mal McHugh! 0:02:20 What does your role as Director of Research entail? 0:04:35 How do you build a research team? 0:08:05 How did you get involved with testing NHL combines? 0:10:25 Data cleaning & organization. 0:14:55 What is your approach to stats? 0:16:00 What did you discover from your study testing hip strength? 0:21:20 Unpacking the adduction to abduction ratio. 0:24:40 Explore the science & practice behind the sport of ice hockey from The High Performance Hockey Masterclass! 0:25:55 What was my aha moment when it came to adductor squeeze tests? 0:28:10 What are the drawbacks of squeeze tests? 0:31:15 How do you test abduction strength? 0:36:05 How do you use a handheld dynamometer? 0:38:35 How can beginners educate themselves on handheld testers? 0:41:30 Why do you recommend using Newton meters? 0:44:05 What is your rule of thumb for determining size of difference? 0:48:00 The difficulties of measuring human models. 0:52:00 How do you determine effect size? 0:53:30 What do you like to look for when you read research? 0:57:05 Why do you avoid Twitter? 1:00:15 What are you working on now? 1:03:15 What do you want your legacy to be remembered as?  

CO2 emissions play a major role in climate change. Guest host and J.D./UPEP doctoral candidate Gabriela Nagle Alverio speaks with Sanford Professor and Interim Director of the Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment, and Sustainability Brian Murray about different carbon tax approaches and their pros and cons for curbing emissions. Guest: Brian Murray: Interim Director of the Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment & Sustainability, Research Professor at the Sanford School of Public Policy, and at the Nicholas School of the Environment This is the third in a series of conversations about climate change. Transcript coming soon. Find out more about the Duke Climate Commitment.

Ron Wolek, a third generation barber stylist who apprenticed under Disney legend cosmetology designer Janet Wolek, began working in film and tv in 1999.  Focusing on beards and mustaches, Ron started the mustacheparlor.com website which is the largest place for facial hair and particularly famous for Santa Clause beards.  Working on many popular “Santa” movies for the film industry, Ron has constructed beards for the likes of Ed Asner who appeared in many different movies playing Santa.  He explains a lot of types of hair they use to make these fake beards and how they attach them to various actors faces. We discuss our past guest, Christine Hackman, who also is the same industry of hair and make-up and how Ron got introduced into the world of beard and mustache competitions and Talking Beards!     Ron is hosting the Holiday Beard Contest which is an on-line holiday themed beard competition which is a fundraiser for the St. Nicholas Institute located in Detroit, Michigan.  A school dedicated to learn all about St. Nicholas and educate aspiring “Santas” how to be the best they can-collect money for toys and blankets for the homeless of the Detroit area.  Check out all the info below for category information and how to enter this fun holiday fundraiser.     Ron Wolek https://www.facebook.com/ronwolek   Woleks Famous World's Greatest Moustache Parlour https://www.mustacheparlor.com/   Saint Nicholas Institute http://www.stnicholasinstitute.org/   Holiday Beard Contest https://form.jotform.com/223276852001045   Santa Stole Our Dog https://www.amazon.com/gp/video/detail/B077W2D578/ref=atv_dp_share_cu_r     Decorate your beard for a good cause! Have your beard judged by a Hall of Fame Santa Claus! “Holiday Beards” Contest is for beard decorating and beard crafting. This is a ONLINE Beard Photo competition benefiting the Saint Nicholas Institute in Detroit, MI http://www. stnicholasinstitute.org   Registrations fees are $5 / category. Enter at mustacheparlor.com or https://form.jotform.com/223276852001045   Registration is now open, deadline for entries (registration and photos) is December 24, 11:59pm EST   Santa starts judging December 25th when he returns to the North Pole, and winners will be announced New Years Day (January 1, 2023) here and on Instagram @beardchampionship   1. Christmas Tree Beard Decorate your real or theatrical beard like a Christmas Tree 2. Krampus Beard Beastly beards, real or theatrical. Tongue must be showing. 3. Craft Whiskerina Use Christmas related materials to create a beard 4. Realistic Whiskerina Elf Beards made of natural hair or hairpieces. Elf ears required.   All contestants will receive participation / ranking certificates from Wolek's Famous Beard Championship. Category winners will receive prizes (TBA) * as this is a charity event with proceeds going to the Saint Nicholas Institution, there will be no refunds on registration fees (no exceptions) We hope you enjoy the show! Feel free to reach out to us by emailing us at talkingbeards1@gmail.com with any comments or to update us on your competition or charity event.   Talking Beards website www.talkingbeards.com   The Beard Calendar https://thebeardcalendar.com/   Please check out our friends at Honest Amish and try one of the best selling beard brands available!!! Honest Amish- use promo code "talkingbeards" to save 15% https://www.honestamish.com   Grooming Emporium https://www.thegroomingemporium.org/   Aaron D. Johnston-   Aaron D Johnston- Facebook https://www.facebook.com/aaron.d.johnston1   Aaron D. Johnston-Instagram https://www.instagram.com/aarondjohnston   Scott Sykora   Scott Sykora- Facebook https://www.facebook.com/scottsykora   Scott Sykora- Instagram https://www.instagram.com/scottsykora/   Check out our other great shows on Talking Beards-The Network www.talkingbeards.com/the-network   Talking Beards is available of the KPNL Network-go check out other various “strange” shows- KPNL RADIO http://www.kpnl-db.com/   Here are all of your facial hair competitions for the month of December 2022!!!  Please visit www.thebeardcalendar.com to find a list of all the events going on worldwide or to submit an event.  You may also submit an event by emailing us at talkingberads1@gmail.com    12/2/2022 The Idaho Bearded Villains Garden City, Idaho 1st Annual Beard and Mustache Competition https://fb.me/e/eMn3p76Ar   12/2/2022 No Shave November Beard Competition Omaha, Nebraska http://www.omahafacialhairsociety.com/    12/3/2022 Beard Mobb North Texas presents Hairy Holidaze https://fb.me/e/4Ffww6KTq   12/10/2022 Oklahoma City, OK  3rd Annual Mustache Bash & Beard Competition https://fb.me/e/3Xm9GmVBV   12/10/2022 Plymouth, UK - Beards at the Brewery https://www.facebook.com/DCBMC   12/23/2022 ONLINE - Wolek's Famous Holiday Beard Championship https://fb.me/e/28OcNLNtx https://www.facebook.com/BeardChampionship   The Beard Calendar https://thebeardcalendar.com/   Talking Beards https://www.thebeardcaster.com/   Honest Amish https://honestamish.com/ -use promo code 'talkingbeards' to get 15% off your next on-line order and free shipping on orders over $35 #beard #beards #facialhair #talkingbeards #thebeardcaster #mustache #moustache #beardoil #mustachewax #honestamish #beardcompetitions  

When it comes to climate change, it's important for all of us to think in new ways. For example, can we use artificial worlds to improve access to energy data? Are there ways to track climate change with satellites and AI? Guests: Marc Jeuland, faculty member at the Sanford School of Public Policy at Duke University Kyle Bradbury, Managing Director of the Energy Data Analytics Lab at the Nicholas Institute for Energy, Environment, and Sustainability This is the first in.a series of conversations about climate change.

We explore the ocean economy with the help of  Henrik Österblom, science director at Stockholm University and also a professor of environmental sciences. and John Virdin, director of the ocean policy research program at Duke University's Nicholas Institute for environmental policy solutions. Henrik, John, and their team published a paper revealing the dominance of the ocean economy by 100 companies and what the implications are with that consolidation of power and resources. 

In this episode, host David Firestein converses with three contributors to, including the editor of, a new book entitled, From Trump to Biden and Beyond: Reimagining U.S.-China Relations, who tackle energy and climate issues in their respective chapters. The interconnected fields of climate and energy are generally viewed by both countries as potentially fruitful and mutually beneficial areas of collaboration, but how can progress be made in the current strained relationship?Earl Carr is the Chief Global Strategist at Pivotal Advisors based in New York City, as well as an adjunct instructor at New York University's Center for Global Affairs; he is the editor of From Trump to Biden and Beyond. Dr. Carolyn Kissane serves as the Academic Director of the graduate programs in Global Affairs and Global Security, Conflict and Cybercrime at NYU's Center for Global Affairs; she is a Clinical Professor, Director of the SPS Energy, Climate Justice and Sustainability Lab, and Coordinator of the Energy and Environment concentration at the Center. Dr. Jackson Ewing is a Senior Fellow at Duke University's Nicholas Institute of Environmental Policy Solutions, Adjunct Associate Professor at the Sanford School of Public Policy, Faculty Lead for the Duke Kunshan University Environment Program, and senior adviser to the Asia Society Policy Institute.

Environment America's “Save The Bees” Campaign, plus the Nicholas Institute and Duke Energy Initiative @ Duke University merge. And meet climate change champ, Xerces Society!

On this episode, we're diving in deep to the topic of carbon reduction. Specifically, we talk with Nick Jimenez, Staff Attorney at the Southern Environmental Law Center about their recent petition with the NC Environmental Management Commission on the topic of the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. Will North Carolina be the next state to join this initiative and set a cap on carbon emissions? Tune in to find out. To view SELC's petition with the NC EMC, check out their website: http://www.ncclimateaction.org/. For additional background on the A-1 report mentioned in the interview, visit the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions website: https://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/publications/power-sector-carbon-reduction-evaluation-policies-north-carolina Additional Updates on H951 and Smart Wires: NCSEA Statement on Stakeholder Energy Legislation: https://energync.org/ncsea-statement-on-stakeholder-energy-legislation/ North Carolina Business Letter to Legislators on H951: https://bit.ly/3fYeVsx California Power Technology Company Moves HQ to Durham after Landing NC Incentives: https://www.newsobserver.com/news/business/article253062323.html This episode's dad jokes courtesy of Duncan Campbell via DER Taskforce: https://twitter.com/DER_Task_Force Presented by NC Sustainable Energy Association. Hosted and produced by Matt Abele (Twitter: @MattAbele) Be sure to follow us on Instagram at @squeakycleanpodcast.

Typhoon In-Fa has made landfall in east China. Zhejiang has upgraded its emergency response to the highest level. Meanwhile, floods, wildfires and unusual heat are affecting people in other parts of the world. Jackson Ewing, a senior fellow at Duke University's Nicholas Institute of Environmental Policy Solutions, explains the relationship between climate change and extreme weather.

In this episode, Erik is joined by Terrence Neal and Dr. Elizabeth Losos to discuss their recent report that uses Ghana's $2bn bauxite-for-infrastructure deal with Sinohydro as a case study to look into the environmental implications of BRI resource-financed infrastructure agreements. Read the full report here: "The Environmental Implications of China-Africa Resource-Finance Infrastructure Agreements: Lessons Learned from Ghana's Sinohydro Agreement" About the authors: Terrence Neal is a natural resource governance researcher and current U.S. District court judicial law clerk. Terrence received his J.D. from Harvard Law School in 2019, and his Bachelor’s Degree in Public Policy from Duke University in 2015. His research focuses on international human rights law, international economic law, and natural resources governance. Dr. Elizabeth Losos is a Senior Fellow at Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions. Guest recommendations:Elizabeth:1) China’s Belt and Road: Implications for the United States, Council on Foreign Relations, March 2021.Terrence:1) Go outside and ride a bike!Erik:1) Twenty Years of Data on China’s Africa Lending, Kevin Acker and Deborah Brautigam, March 2021.2) How China Lends: A Rare Look into 100 Debt Contracts with Foreign Governments, Anna Gelpern et al., March 2021.

In the run-up to last Friday's U.S.-Japan summit at the White House, there had been a lot of talk that President Joe Biden and Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga would announce a new initiative to challenge China's Belt and Road Initiative.In the end, it turned out that the two leaders did not address infrastructure development in their summit's joint statement but that doesn't mean there isn't a lot of enthusiasm in both Washington and Tokyo to come up with a way to stem China's lead in building infrastructure throughout the Global South.Elizabeth Losos, a senior fellow at Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions thinks that reviving the failed Blue Dot Network from 2019 might be the answer. She joins Eric & Cobus from Chapel Hill, North Carolina to talk about why it's critical to simultaneously tackle the climate crisis and confront the Chinese on infrastructure.JOIN THE DISCUSSION:Facebook: www.facebook.com/ChinaAfricaProjectTwitter: @eolander | @stadenesque SUBSCRIBE TO THE CAP'S DAILY EMAIL NEWSLETTERYour subscription supports independent journalism. Subscribers get the following:1. A daily email newsletter of the top China-Africa news.2. Access to the China-Africa Experts Network3. Unlimited access to the CAP's exclusive analysis content on chinaafricaproject.comTry it free for 30-days and see if you like it. Subscriptions start at just $7 a month for students and teachers and $15 a month for everyone else. Subscribe here: www.chinaafricaproject.com/subscribe

The North Carolina Clean Energy Plan (CEP), developed pursuant to NC Governor Cooper’s Executive Order 80, called for a year-long study of carbon-reduction policies to achieve the CEP’s emissions targets for the power sector: a 70 percent reduction in 2005 emissions levels by 2030, and carbon neutrality by 2050. Duke University’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions and the University of North Carolina’s Center for Climate, Energy, Environment, and Economics jointly conducted the study. In this episode, Kate Konschnik and Jennifer Weiss with Duke University join us to discuss the study.  To learn more about the topics discussed in this podcast visit: Power Sector Carbon Reduction: An Evaluation of Policies for North Carolina Duke Energy IRP NC Clean Energy Plan NC Executive Order 80   The Zephyr Song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fcRa5Z6LmU  

On this episode, we're chatting with Kate Konschnik, Climate & Energy Director at the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions about the A1 recommendation from North Carolina's Clean Energy Plan – decarbonizing the electric sector. Kate dives in and tells us more about the process and stakeholders in the room, along with some highlights from the final report titled ‘Power Sector Carbon Reduction: An Evaluation of Policies for North Carolina.' To read the report that provides a menu of potential policy options to help the state reach our carbon goals, visit the link here: https://nicholasinstitute.duke.edu/sites/default/files/publications/Power-Sector-Carbon-Reduction-An-Evaluation-of-Policies-for-North-Carolina-Revised.pdf Stay tuned for part 2 of this episode focused on the B1 stakeholder process coming out two weeks from now! Presented by NC Sustainable Energy Association. Hosted and produced by Matt Abele (Twitter: @MattAbele)

A Catastrophic bushfire burnt more than half of Queensland's Fraser Island. Water bombing did not commence until a month after the fire started. Today We're joined by Cr George Seymour, Mayor of the Fraser Coast Regional Council for an update on the fire and damage to this World Heritage Listed island.Cybersecurity is a hot issue in the US and globally. Businesses, small or large are targeted by often state sponsored cyber criminals, and the cost of protection can be huge. Blake Christian CPA joins us to discuss what small businesses should do.Blake, a national Top 25 OZ influencer, is a tax partner at HCVT LLP in Long Beach, California, and Park City, Utah.Blake has over 35 years of experience providing tax consulting and compliance services to clients that include multinational, publicly traded corporations, as well as closely held owner-managed businesses. He has specialized in federal, state and local tax incentive programs, and is leading the firm’s efforts in providing tax consulting services for Qualified Opportunity Zones (QOZs). Blake's industry experience is broad and includes manufacturing and distribution, service companies, restaurant, shipping and transportation, energy and health care.Mike Young, Professor Emeritus, Energy, Water and Environmental Policy from the Centre for Global Food and Resources, University of Adelaide believes Australia has lost its way on Water Policy.Professor Young holds a Research Chair in Water, Energy and Environmental Policy at the University of Adelaide and is the Founding Executive Director of its Environment Institute. He is a fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia, and a Distinguished Fellow of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society. He is an Honorary Professor at the University College London and a Research Fellow with Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions.Mike Young is a member of the Global Water Partnership’s Technical Committee and was a member of the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on Water Security. He has won many awards including the Land and Water Australia Eureka Award for Water Research. His full curriculum vitae lists over 240 publications and he sits on numerous editorial boards. He holds degrees in economics and agricultural science.

The story of Michigan's very own Santa school and how the true spirit of Christmas can change lives. (00:51) We meet John and learn about the St. Nicholas Institute, Michigan's very own Santa school. (2:18) We learn a bit about John's background, what brought him to the St. Nicholas institute, and what he found when he arrived. (3:46) After learning a bit more about the kinds of courses offered at the St. Nicholas Institute, John tells us about the personal prayer and reflection time the retreat offers. (6:11) We meet Fr. Joseph Marquis, of Sacred Heart Byzantine Catholic Church in Livonia. We learn about Fr. Joseph Marquis's history with Santa and the founding of the institute. (7:24) Fr. Marquis tells us about his inspiration in forming the institute and the importance of overcoming popular myths about St. Nicholas and getting to know the real, beloved man. (10:16) Fr. Marquis discusses the N-O-E-L model the institute follows, and gives us some of the saint's personal history. (12:00) We learn how the tradition of St. Nicholas's gift-giving began, and how it's rooted in the Gospel. (14:04) Fr. Marquis shares the story of how his particular devotion to St. Nicholas came to be and the impact the saint had on his life at a young age. (16:39) John tells us about the impact the retreat has had on his ministry as Santa, and the importance of remembering St. Nicholas as a man of faith.

The intersection of COVID-19 and the climate crisis have a disproportionate impact on communities around the globe. We investigate the intertwining of these crises and the magnitude of their severity. Lending expert judgement are the two following Duke academics: Kay Jowers is a senior policy associate at Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions. Her work focuses on analyzing state regulatory and policy approaches to addressing environmental issues and engages with environmental equity, ethics, and justice in particular. She is the Nicholas Institute's lead on the PLANET Project, a collaboration with the Kenan Institute for Ethics, and co-directs the Environmental Justice Lab, a collaboration with the Duke Economics Department. Michael Bergin is a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Duke University. His research focuses on the influence of air pollution on both climate and human health. He has investigated the impacts of particulate matter (PM) around the world in places such as Greenland, China, and India. He is also involved in developing and deploying the next generation of air quality sensors to inform citizens on the quality of the air they are breathing so that they can make informed decisions to improve their air. Guests: Dr. Kay Jowers Dr. Michael Bergin Writers: Matthew Brune ‘23, Rishab Jagetia ‘24, Georgie Stammer ‘24, Yuna Oh ‘24, Ryan Lou ‘24, Sofia Guerrero ‘24, Zoe Macomber ‘24 Voice Work: Matthew Brune ‘23, Katherine Li ‘22, Natasha Von Seelen ‘21 Audio Editors: Zoe Macomber ‘24, Katherine Li ‘22 Music: reCreation by airtone Inspired by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3918-inspired --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/operation-climate/support

Chris Johnson, MPT, ITCA, joins Liz and Jeff to discuss the unique challenges of treating pain in athletes. Chris worked at the world-renowned Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma of Lenox Hill Hospital as a physical therapist and researcher. In 2014, he opened Zeren PT to provide unparalleled physical therapy and performance coaching for multi-sport athletes in the Pacific Northwest. Chris is also the co-founder and CEO of RunCadence LLC, which is an IOS app that helps runners apply step rate manipulation to their training. Outside of his professional work, Chris races triathlon at the amateur elite level. He is a five-time USAT All American, three-time Kona Qualifier, and one of the dominant age group athletes in long course triathlon. Chris is also extensively published in the medical literature and is a sought after international public speaker. Links: chrisjohnsonpt.com @zerenpt chris@zerenpt.com 347.433.6789 @LizPeppin @jeffmooreDPT

Case Studies: Understanding variability in benefits from rural energy access for the Low-Carbon and Clean Air Challenge: Lydia Olander, Director, Ecosystem Services Program, Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, Duke University; Secretariat Member, Bridge Collaborative From climate change to malnutrition, poverty to biodiversity loss, air pollution to humanitarian crises—the problems facing our world today are deeply interconnected. Holistic initiatives to address these challenges, notably the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are becoming more common. But efforts siloed within the development, health, or environment communities remain the norm. This seminar discusses the findings of the Bridge Collaborative-UN Development Programme report ( https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/hiv-aids/bigger-change-faster--.html), Bigger Change Faster: Integrated Development, Health, and Environment Actions for a Sustainable Future, that describes actions to accelerate cross-sectoral solutions.

Mothers go out of their way to give their children every advantage in life. But emerging research suggests a factor beyond any mother’s control could put her baby at risk. This week Kait speaks to Dr. Ashley Ward, senior policy associate at Duke University’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, about how a warming world is boosting the odds more babies will be born too soon.

It’s often said that one in 10 people on the planet is hungry, and that number is on the rise. Abigail Bennett is the lead author of a new report from Duke University’s World Food Policy Center, The Environmental Defense Fund, the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions and the Duke University Marine Lab on the contribution of fisheries to food and nutrition security. Abby has served as a fellow at the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and is a consultant at the World Bank.

On September 7th, the Center on Global Energy Policy hosted a panel discussion on the future of climate finance. Expert panelists included Billy Pizer, Professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy at Duke University and faculty fellow in the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, Michael Gerrard, Director of the Sabin Center for Climate Change Law and Andrew Sabin Professor of Professional Practice at Columbia Law School, as well as Bruce Usher, Co-Director of the Tamer Center for Social Enterprise; Elizabeth B. Strickler '86 and Mark T. Gallogly '86 Faculty Director; Professor of Professional Practice. CGEP Inaugural Fellow David Sandalow moderated the discussion.  

This webinar was developed with a focus on the southeast but other stakeholders and state officials will find it useful. Many state regulators involved in developing responses to the Clean Power Plan have expressed an interest in learning more about market mechanisms as a potential compliance option. In response, Brian Murray--director of Economic Analysis at the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions--offers a webinar on the topic for southeastern state officials and staff. The Nicholas Institute takes no position on whether or not states should choose a market-based approach but offers this webinar as part of a series of events exploring the potential tradeoffs of various compliance options.

This webinar by the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solution's Climate and Energy Program offers an in-depth explanation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Clean Power Plan, which the EPA proposed in June, to control carbon dioxide emissions from existing power plants under section 111(d) of the Clean Air Act. The presentation clearly describes the four "building blocks" used by the EPA to determine each state's unique emissions goal and provides an example calculation of state emissions goals. Nicholas Institute experts also discuss the significance of state emission goals given ongoing changes in the electricity sector, outline state compliance plan requirements, and summarize pivotal areas of flexibility available to states.

John Virdin, new Ocean and Coastal Policy Program director at Duke University’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, explains why the Nicholas Institute is so well positioned to help policy makers around the world address better management of ocean and coastal resources.

Tim Profeta, director of the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, announces the Nicholas Institute's 10-Year Retrospective.

In December 2014, the National Ecosystem Services Partnership at Duke University’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions published an online guidebook that provides a framework and methodology to enhance the credibility and consistency of ecosystem services approaches to planning and management. In a recent webinar, held in honor of the Nicholas Institute's 10th Anniversary, Lydia Olander discusses the Federal Resource Management and Ecosystem Services Guidebook (https://nespguidebook.com/). The webinar touches on the impetus for the guidebook, describe how agencies are using it, and walks participants through its contents.

The Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions and the Nicholas School of the Environment brought two panels of experts to Duke Dec. 12 to discuss how innovative cities are integrating ecosystem services into urban planning. Will Allen, GIS mapping the provision of ecosystem services Jeff LeJava, transferable development rights Bobby Cochran, compliance and voluntary ecosystem service markets

The Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions and the Nicholas School of the Environment brought two panels of experts to Duke Dec. 12 to discuss how innovative cities are integrating ecosystem services into urban planning. Mitchell Silver, Raleigh North Carolina Mami Hara, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Dale Lyons, Santa Fe, New Mexico Robert Garcia, Los Angeles, California

Deep sea environments are being destroyed by human activity before they’ve even been described. presenter: Robyn Williams; producer: David Fisher Featuring Linwood Pendleton of the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions

In an attempt to address global changes in climate, the Obama administration plans to use the Clean Air Act to limit greenhouse gas emissions from power plants. The first set of proposed Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations -- aimed at reducing power plants' carbon emissions -- is due by Sept. 20. In this live webcast conversation, three Duke scholars discussed the legal, political, environmental and economic implications of the proposed regulations. Participating in the conversation is Jonas Monast, director of the Climate and Energy Program at Duke's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions; Robert Brenner a senior fellow at the Nicholas Institute; and Jonathan Wiener, the William R. and Thomas L. Perkins Professor of Law at Duke Law School. In announcing this summer his intention to use the Clean Air Act to limit greenhouse gas emissions, President Obama said, "For the sake of our children, and the health and safety of all Americans, I'€™m directing the Environmental Protection Agency to put an end to the limitless dumping of carbon pollution from our power plants, and complete new pollution standards for both new and existing power plants." "Office Hours" is a live webcast series for the university community and others to engage with Duke scholars and their research.

Billy Pizer, faculty fellow at the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions and associate professor at the Sanford School of Public Policy, comments in this Marketplace story tied to President Obama's recent speech at Georgetown University surrounding his climate change strategy.

Resources for the Future’s Center for Climate and Electricity Policy and the Fiscal Affairs Department of the International Monetary Fund convened a panel of leading economic experts in fiscal and environmental policy to discuss the role a carbon tax might play in coming debates about how to reform the U.S. tax code. Billy Pizer, an associate professor of public policy, economics, and environment at Duke University’s Sanford School of Public Policy and a faculty fellow at Duke’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, was among the panelists.

Shortly after a federal court of appeals ruled the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency could regulated carbon emissions under the Clean Air Act, Tim Profeta participated in an in-depth discussion on the ruling. Profeta, director of Duke University’s Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, was among four panelists to go over the landmark ruling, which acknowledged the agency is “unambiguously correct” in its use of the law concerning four greenhouse gas emissions rules—the Timing Rule, Tailoring Rule, The Endangerment Rule and the Tailpipe Rule.

Experts discuss the tradeoffs necessary to maintain fish stocks and how scientists arrive at the standards for fishery health during an event sponsored by the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, Ocean Policy Working Group at the Duke University Center for International Studies and the Nicholas School of the Environment.

A study by Duke University, the Environmental Defense Fund, and other entities suggests that a warmer California will likely be a drier California, making it harder for forests and rangelands and other ecosystems to develop as they have previously. The Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions' Linwood Pendleton and his study co-author Rebecca Shaw were guests on an hour-long broadcast on the NPR affiliated radio program, Jefferson Exchange.

Andrew Revkin, a prize-winning journalist and New York Times blogger, gave a lecture titled "Which Comes First, Peak Everything or Peak Us?" at Duke January 18. The event was co-sponsored by the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, the Sanford School of Public Policy, and the Nicholas School of the Environment.

Brian Murray, director for economic analysis at the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, answers viewer questions about the state of international climate change policy negotiations, during a live "Office Hours" webcast Dec. 1. He is joined via Skype by Jeff Gustafson, a Duke Nicholas School graduate student attending the United Nations climate talks in Durban, South Africa, with his class. Hosting the show is James Todd, a senior writer in Duke's Office of News and Communications. Learn more at http://www.dukeofficehours.com.

Steve Palumbo, Duke's Energy Manager for the Facilities Management Department, recently discussed the University's efforts to manage storm water pollution, to meet and exceed state and local standards, and to begin capturing and reusing rain water as a resource at a lecture sponsored by the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions.

Bill Holman, director of state policy for the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, and Lydia Olander, director for ecosystem services, were the third presenters in the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions and the UPEP Environmental Institution Fall 2011 Seminar Series. They discussed the development of the regional payment for watershed services program and opportunities and challenges to creating integrated policy and programs for watershed and ecosystem services in the Upper Neuse.

Dan Sperling, known widely for his work in transportation, spoke at Duke University November 7 regarding California's adoption of a mix of policies, regulations and incentives that together provide a coherent and durable framework for transforming vehicles, fuels and mobility. The lecture was sponsored by the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, Center on Global Change and the Nicholas School of the Environment.

Tim Profeta, director of Duke University's Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, provides an update on where things stand with climate legislation before Congress, and introduces work by the Nicholas Institute on containing costs from climate legislation in this October 2009 lecture.

David Hoppock, Research Analyst at the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, and Dr. Dalia Patino-Echeverri, the Gendell Assistant Professor of Energy Systems and Public Policy at the Nicholas School of the Environment present their work on comparing the benefits of distant and local wind resources as a renewable source of energy.

William K. Reilly, co-chair of President Obama's Oil Spill Commission spoke on the findings of a roughly six-month investigation into last year's Gulf oil spill on Duke University's campus Jan. 24. Reilly is also chair of the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions' Board of Advisors.

Tim Profeta, founding director of the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions, discusses the new environmental bill in the Senate on NewsRadio 680 WPTF.

William K. Reilly's lecture was presented on January 29, 2009. William K. Reilly is a founding partner of Aqua International Partners, LP, a private equity fund dedicated to investing in companies engaged in water and renewable energy, and a senior advisor to TPG Capital, LP, an international investment partnership. Mr. Reilly served as the first Payne Visiting Professor at Stanford University (1993-1994), Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1989-1993), president of the World Wildlife Fund (1985-1989), president of The Conservation Foundation (1973-1989), and director of the Rockefeller Task Force on Land Use and Urban Growth (1972-1973). He was head of the U.S. delegation to the United Nations Earth Summit at Rio in 1992. Mr. Reilly is Chairman Emeritus of the Board of the World Wildlife Fund, Co-Chair of the National Commission on Energy Policy, Chair of the Advisory Board for the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions at Duke University, Chair of the Board for the Global Water Challenge, and a Director of the Packard Foundation, the American Academy in Rome, and the National Geographic Society. He also serves on the Board of Directors of DuPont, ConocoPhillips, and Royal Caribbean International. In 2007 Mr. Reilly was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He holds a B.A. degree from Yale, J.D. from Harvard, and M.S. in urban planning from Columbia University.

Keynote Address by The Honorable Bruce Babbitt, Former Secretary of the Interior; On March 1st, 2007, the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions sponsored a one-day conference to provide a forum for stakeholders to discuss creative ideas and practical solutions to our state's water resource challenges. It brought together state and national experts to consider the feasibility and potential of new efforts to ensure clean water for generations to come.

Panel One: Green Infrastructure; On March 1st, 2007, the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions sponsored a one-day conference to provide a forum for stakeholders to discuss creative ideas and practical solutions to our state's water resource challenges. It brought together state and national experts to consider the feasibility and potential of new efforts to ensure clean water for generations to come.

On March 1st, 2007, the Nicholas Institute for Environmental Policy Solutions sponsored a one-day conference to provide a forum for stakeholders to discuss creative ideas and practical solutions to our state's water resource challenges. It brought together state and national experts to consider the feasibility and potential of new efforts to ensure clean water for generations to come.