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View This Week's Show NotesStart Your 7-Day Trial to Mobility CoachJoin Our Free Weekly Newsletter: The AmbushWhat does it take to keep someone performing when their job leaves almost no room for downtime? In this episode of the Ready State Podcast, Kelly and Juliet Starrett sit down with longtime friend Dr. Drew Contreras, a retired Army physical therapist who went from supporting soldiers in combat to becoming the first full-time physical therapist embedded in the White House Medical Unit.Drew shares what he learned caring for everyone from White House staff to Presidents Barack Obama and Joe Biden – and why the fundamentals of human performance matter even more when time is your most valuable resource. From encouraging naps during relentless work schedules to introducing walking meetings at the White House, Drew explains how small changes can help people stay functional under extraordinary pressure.The conversation also explores the changing role of physical therapy, why PTs should be doing more than treating injuries one patient at a time, and how technology such as digital health and AI could reshape the profession.What You'll Learn in This EpisodeWhat working with two sitting U.S. presidents taught Drew about keeping people functional under extreme pressureWhy naps, walking meetings, and other simple interventions can make a major difference during sustained periods of high-stress workHow physical therapists became a “force multiplier” for keeping soldiers healthy and operational during deploymentWhy Drew believes physical therapists should play a bigger role in performance and musculoskeletal primary careWhy embracing new technology such as digital health and AI will be essential for the future of physical therapyKey Highlights: (00:00) Intro to Dr. Drew Contreras(02:55) How a Combat PT Got Handpicked for the White House(07:00) The Birthday Basketball Game That Started It All(12:05) Building a Wellness Culture in the White House(19:15) What Actually Moved the Needle on Health(22:05) Naps, Walking Meetings, & Reframing Work(26:30) Deploying as One of the First Combat PTs(31:00) PT as Human Performance, Not Just Rehab(33:20) Treating Obama vs. Biden – Different Ages, Different Needs(38:50) Leading the APTA & Scaling Physical Therapy(43:45) The Money Problem in Physical Therapy(53:30) PT as Musculoskeletal Primary Care(1:00:30) AI, Digital Health, & the Future of PT(1:04:21) What the Presidency Really Does to a Person(1:11:30) Infinite Shelf: Legacy by James KerrHuge thanks to our sponsors, LMNT, BEDGEAR, and Momentous.
Send us Fan MailThe past six months in my life have been full of change, and a real stretch of my experience, abilities, patience, and imagination. In this solocast, I spend a little time updating the listener about my experiences and decision-making, and then I get into some of the key things I've learned in this amazing new environment. Please enjoy!If you liked this EP, please take the time to rate and comment, share with a friend, and connect with us on social channels IG @Kingopain, TW @BuiltbyScott, LI+FB Scott Livingston. You can find all things LYM at www.LYMLab.com, download your free Life Lab Starter Kit today and get busy living https://lymlab.com/free-lym-lab-starter/Please take the time to visit and connect with our sponsors, they are an essential part of our success:www.ReconditioningHQ.comwww.FreePainGuide.com
YOU - The Master Entrepreneur - A Guide to True Greatness with Stan Hustad
Artificial intelligence may be changing the world, but Stan Hustad believes the most important question is far more personal: What will it change in you, and what will you choose to do with it? In this timely edition from the What It Takes Radio Company, Stan the Radio Man steps into the controversy surrounding artificial intelligence with curiosity, humor, faith, and a broadcaster's instinct for asking the question beneath the headlines. Will AI improve human performance or diminish human purpose? Will it expand creativity or encourage intellectual laziness? Will it help people serve their audiences more effectively, or merely fill the world with more noise? For Stan, the answer will not be determined by the technology alone. It will be determined by the wisdom, character, imagination, and intentions of the people using it. Between Fear and Fascination The program was recorded during the Jewish tradition's Days of Awe, the reflective season between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. It is a time associated with examination, repentance, forgiveness, and the determination to live differently in the coming year. That spiritual setting provides an appropriate background for a conversation about AI. Artificial intelligence is already provoking its own kind of awe: sometimes wonder, sometimes fear, and frequently confusion. Some predict that AI will solve extraordinary human problems. Others warn that it will threaten employment, distort truth, consume enormous resources, and possibly become dangerously difficult to control. Stan does not dismiss legitimate concerns, but he resists the temptation to surrender to panic. History reminds us that almost every significant technological change has produced both exaggerated promises and exaggerated fears. The automobile, radio, television, the internet, and social media were all expected either to save society or ruin it. None fulfilled every promise. None produced every predicted disaster. Each became a tool whose consequences depended substantially upon the people, purposes, and systems directing it. AI may become extraordinarily powerful, but power is not the same thing as wisdom. From Artificial Intelligence to Human Performance Stan proposes a constructive shift in the conversation: move from merely discussing artificial intelligence to considering human performance. The best question may not be, "What can AI do?" It may be: What can AI help human beings do better? Used wisely, AI can help people research, organize, compare, question, revise, illustrate, and communicate. It can assist entrepreneurs in developing ideas, teachers in preparing lessons, broadcasters in extending programs, and authors in transforming spoken insights into published work. But AI cannot decide what a human life should be about. It cannot determine whom a person is called to serve. It cannot substitute information for integrity, automation for imagination, or production for purpose. Stan's challenge is to use artificial intelligence in the service of human flourishing. Technology should help people become more thoughtful, creative, capable, generous, and fully alive, not merely faster. Everyone Has an Audience One of the program's central ideas is Stan's enduring conviction that everyone has an audience, or at least a potential audience. That audience should not be treated simply as prospects, customers, clients, or statistical targets. An audience is a community of people who might be informed, encouraged, helped, challenged, or transformed by what someone has learned and is willing to share. Finding that audience begins with two questions: Who are you called to serve? How can you help them become better, happier, wiser, braver, more capable, or more fully alive? AI can assist in reaching those people, but it cannot answer the calling question on a person's behalf. That requires reflection, self-knowledge, spiritual discernment, and a willingness to listen. Success begins not with attracting the largest possible audience, but with becoming genuinely useful to the right one. Become Someone People Trust Remember and Follow Technology may create visibility, but visibility does not automatically produce credibility. Stan draws upon ideas he has studied throughout his career, including the enduring principles associated with Dale Carnegie, to describe the kind of communicator worth becoming: a person whom others can trust, remember, and follow. Trust is earned through truthfulness and consistency. People remember those who communicate with clarity, personality, and genuine concern. They follow those who have demonstrated that their ideas can lead somewhere worthwhile. AI may polish a sentence or improve a presentation, but it cannot manufacture a trustworthy life. The communicator must still do the inner work. Anyone hoping to transform a business, organization, audience, or community must first be willing to experience some transformation personally. That may involve the discomfort, even the trauma, of questioning familiar assumptions, abandoning ineffective habits, confronting personal limitations, and beginning again. The Seen the Unseen and the Limits of Knowledge The program also moves beyond technological questions into something deeper: the mystery of how little human beings truly know about themselves and their world. Stan reflects on the difference between what is seen and what remains unseen. People naturally place great confidence in what can be measured, displayed, calculated, or explained. Yet some of life's most powerful realities, including faith, love, courage, memory, imagination, motive, and spiritual influence, cannot always be placed neatly on a screen. Human beings also understand only a portion of what is taking place within themselves. Talents may remain undiscovered. Fears can operate below conscious awareness. Unexamined desires can influence decisions. Shadows, selfishness, and destructive tendencies can coexist with remarkable generosity and courage. Artificial intelligence can reveal patterns in enormous collections of information. It may even help people notice patterns within their own work. But it does not eliminate the need for humility. The beginning of wisdom may be the admission that neither the machine nor its maker knows everything. A Touch of Immortality Stan then introduces one of the program's most provocative and engaging ideas: the possibility of achieving a touch of immortality. He is not suggesting that human beings can avoid death. His meaning is both simpler and more demanding. A person gains a touch of immortality when something they create continues serving others after they are gone. During a long life in broadcasting, teaching, coaching, and entrepreneurship, Stan has produced thousands of radio programs, videos, articles, interviews, and presentations. Many remain online. Some may be discovered years from now by people he has never met. The same opportunity is increasingly available to others. A book, recording, course, podcast, letter, lesson, or story can preserve hard-earned wisdom and carry it beyond the limits of one lifetime. The goal is not simply to leave behind more digital material. The internet already contains more material than anyone could consume. The challenge is to create something true and useful, something capable of helping another person live, work, believe, or serve more faithfully. As Stan reminds his audience, it may not be what a person completes or achieves that finally matters most. It may be what that person starts. From Books to Broadcasting and Back Again Stan sees a powerful relationship between publishing and broadcasting. Someone who wants to write a book may begin by speaking it. Teaching, recording, interviewing, and telling stories can uncover the natural voice and central ideas that eventually become chapters. A microphone can also help an author introduce and distribute a completed book. The book supplies depth and permanence; broadcasting creates presence, personality, and connection. The process works in both directions. A book can become a broadcast, podcast, course, or video series. A collection of broadcasts can become a book. A spoken story can become an article. A lifetime of experience can become a body of teaching that continues serving others. AI can assist with transcription, organization, editing, summarization, and adaptation. But the lived experience, conviction, wisdom, and human voice must come from the person. The machine can help shape the material. It should not replace the soul of it. Entering the Transformation Zone Stan places this conversation within his larger understanding of the stages, or zones, of a meaningful life. People begin in the Curiosity Zone, where they explore, question, discover, and learn. They move into the Impact Zone, where they must create value, earn a living, serve others, and produce meaningful results. Experience can then lead into the Wisdom Zone, where lessons are examined, tested, and better understood. From wisdom comes the possibility of entering the Transformation Zone: the place where a person becomes capable of creating changes that are profound, lasting, and genuinely important. Transformation is more than improvement. It is not merely doing the same thing a little faster or decorating an old idea with new technology. Transformation changes what a person, organization, or community is capable of becoming. AI may participate in that process, but it cannot lead it alone. Transformation still requires people who possess moral imagination, spiritual depth, practical wisdom, and a genuine desire to be the cause of good things. Things to Remember Artificial intelligence is a powerful tool, but it is not a source of ultimate wisdom, purpose, or calling. The essential question is not only what AI can do, but what it can help human beings do better. Everyone has a potential audience: people they may be called and equipped to serve. Lasting influence grows from becoming someone others can trust, remember, and follow. We understand only a portion of ourselves and our world; humility remains essential. A book, broadcast, lesson, or story can continue serving people long after its creator is gone. Technology should strengthen human performance and flourishing, not diminish human responsibility. Things to Share Share this program with: Someone who is fearful or confused about artificial intelligence. An entrepreneur wondering how AI might strengthen a business without compromising its humanity. A teacher, pastor, coach, or broadcaster with wisdom that deserves a larger audience. A friend who has always wanted to write a book but does not know how to begin. A person entering a new season of life who may be ready to turn experience into service. And share this question: What good thing could you begin today that might continue helping people long after you are gone? Things to Take Action On Identify your audience. Write down the people you feel called to help and the transformation you hope they will experience. Choose one piece of enduring wisdom. Record a five-minute explanation of something life has taught you. Use AI as an assistant. Ask it to help transcribe, organize, or refine your words, but carefully review the result so the final work remains truthful and recognizably yours. Turn one form of communication into another. Convert a talk into an article, a podcast into a chapter, or a book chapter into a short video. Examine your own transformation. Ask what must change in you before you can credibly help transform someone else. Be the cause of good stuff. Do one practical thing today that makes another person's life better, wiser, richer, braver, or more hopeful. The Final Challenge Artificial intelligence will undoubtedly transform many occupations, industries, institutions, and methods of communication. But Stan Hustad leaves his audience with a more personal and consequential challenge. Do not merely ask whether AI will transform the world. Ask whether you will use it to become more fully alive, to serve your audience more faithfully, and to create something that matters. Speak well. Seek truth. Create good. Help others. Begin something worth continuing. That may be how artificial intelligence contributes to human transformation, and how an ordinary human life acquires a genuine touch of immortality. Connect with Stan Hustad For coaching, mentoring, broadcasting guidance, and help turning ideas into enduring books, programs, and transformational messages, contact Stan Hustad at stan@witradio.net or visit www.witradio.net. Best and blessings, and be a blessing to someone else today.
In this episode Andrea Samadi explains the concept of sleep stress — a wearable-device measured how physiologically activated your body remains during sleep — and places it within a neuroscience-based movement and recovery framework. She reviews the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic vs. parasympathetic), how WHOOP estimates sleep stress from heart rate and HRV, and why trends over weeks matter more than single nights. Using her six-month data, Andrea shares how recovery habits and removing alcohol coincided with an 89% drop in nightly high sleep stress. The episode ends with practical steps and a seven-day experiment to help you observe and reduce nighttime physiological activation by changing daytime behaviors, sleep environment, and training timing so your body can better recover and adapt. When Sleep Isn't Rest—What “Sleep Stress” Reveals About Recovery: The Story Behind My 89% Drop in Sleep Stress Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast, where we bridge neuroscience, social and emotional learning, and human performance so we can create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity and results. I'm Andrea Samadi, and if you've been following along through Season 16, you'll know that we have been building what I call The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a neuroscience-based framework designed to help us understand how the different systems of the brain and body work together to influence how we learn, adapt, connect, lead and ultimately perform. We are currently in Phase 3: Movement, Learning and Cognition, where we have been following a central pathway: Movement → Adaptation → Performance Movement creates a stimulus. But movement alone does not make the brain or body stronger. We must be able to recover from that stimulus before adaptation can occur, to give us our desired outcome of improved performance. This is why our recent bonus episodes have moved beyond exercise itself and into the recovery signals that help us understand whether our bodies are successfully handling the demands we are placing upon them. In Bonus Episode 3[i], we explored the hidden story behind my resting heart rate. My data showed that it was not merely a measure of fitness—it was also reflecting the total load my body was carrying. During the higher-stress months of January and February, my resting heart rate remained elevated at approximately 56–58 beats per minute. As I placed greater emphasis on sleep, hydration, Zone 2 movement, sauna, meditation and recovery, it gradually fell to 54 and then 53 beats per minute. The lesson was that a lower resting heart rate signals that the body is working less during rest, and recovering more efficiently. The idea is to learn what your baseline is, and see how you can improve this number for a more efficient RHR. In Bonus Episode 4[ii], we explored restorative sleep and learned that sleep quality is not measured by duration alone. Deep sleep supports physical restoration and repair, while REM sleep plays an important role in memory, learning and emotional processing. Because longer REM periods tend to occur later in the night/morning time my regular 4:00 AM wake time may give me less opportunity for that REM-rich portion of sleep—which is the tradeoff I'm choosing--since waking early allows me to exercise. Two additional hours in bed would not guarantee two more hours of REM, but they could create a greater opportunity for more REM sleep. The lesson was not to choose sleep over movement or movement over sleep. It was to protect enough sleep while still making room for movement, so the brain and body have the opportunity to adapt. Throughout these bonus episodes, I'm sharing patterns from my WHOOP wearable device[iii] data—not because everyone's numbers should look like mine, but to demonstrate what can happen when we measure consistently, look for trends and test small changes. The goal is not comparison. It is to help each of us better understand our own baseline and use that information to improve our habits, recovery and results. While examining my own sleep data for these recent bonus episodes, another question came to my mind. It was while looking this sleep stress score. What if we are sleeping—but our physiology remains unusually activated throughout the night? How would we even know if this was happening? This is another measurement I can see with this wearable device. What if our eyes are closed and we are technically asleep, but the body is still working harder than usual? What if our sleep isn't giving us the rest and recovery that we need. This brings us to today's question: What is Sleep Stress? One of the most valuable metrics I have been tracking this year is not simply how long I sleep or how much deep and REM sleep I achieve. Those are all important to me, but something stood out with these sleep scores to me, this year. It is the amount of time my body spends in a state of elevated physiological stress while I am asleep. When I examined my most recent six-month trend, I noticed something that kind of stopped me in my tracks. My average time in WHOOP's high sleep-stress zone (monthly score from January 2026 till now) initially rose from 21 minutes to a peak of 35 minutes (around April/May) where I noticed my sleep scores were terrible with International travel, but I can't blame everything on just the travel and times zones. I knew I was off track with rest and recovery. How much I was off, I'm not sure because Whoop confirmed my scores with the times zones might have been inaccurate, but either way, even if my sleep stress peaked at let's say 25 minutes, it still showed me that I was doing something to keep my body stressed out while I was sleeping. As I paid attention to rest and recovery, the scores began to improve in May, June, July, August…until now. 35 minutes of high sleep stress went…to 18…to 14…to 5…and finally to just 4 minutes of sleep stress each night. That is an approximately 89% decrease from my six-month peak. The data cannot tell me that one specific behavior caused this change. But it does suggest that my body has become progressively less physiologically activated while I was asleep. And this helped me see recovery in a new way. Sleep duration tells us how long we slept. Sleep stages estimate the type of sleep we experienced throughout the night. Sleep stress gives us another window into how physiologically activated the body remained during that sleep. In today's BONUS EP 5 we will explore: What Sleep Stress measures The sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the nervous system Where Sleep Stress fits into the Movement Loop What I noticed in my six-month results What the results show—and what they cannot prove How you can monitor nighttime physiological stress And practical tips to help your body settle and recover Let's begin with the nervous system and what's working behind the scenes while we are asleep. The Autonomic Nervous System To understand Sleep Stress, we first need to understand the autonomic nervous system and how ACTIVATION and RECOVERY work together. We covered this topic on a very early EP 59[iv] with Suzanne Gundersen on “Putting the Polyvagal Theory into Practice” and then again with educational neuroscientist Dr. Lori Desautels and Michael McKnight[v]. You can review those episodes if you want a deeper dive here. The autonomic NS is the part of the nervous system that regulates many of the functions that happen automatically, without requiring conscious thought. It helps manage: Heart rate Blood pressure Breathing Digestion Temperature regulation Energy use And our physiological responses to changing demands in our life experiences Two of its primary branches are the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system helps mobilize the brain and body when we need energy, alertness or action. It is often called the fight-or-flight system. We need this sympathetic activation to wake up, exercise, concentrate, solve problems, respond to challenges and perform under pressure. When sympathetic activity rises, heart rate may increase, breathing may become faster and energy becomes more readily available for action. That is exactly what we want when climbing a mountain, completing an intense workout, delivering a presentation or responding to an immediate challenge. The problem is not activation itself. The problem may arise when the body has difficulty shifting out of that activated state after the challenge has passed. The parasympathetic nervous system supports the restorative side of this process. It is often described as the rest-and-digest system because it helps the body conserve energy, digest food and create conditions that support rest and recovery. When our parasympathetic NS is activated, heart rate generally slows and the body becomes less physiologically activated. But the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are not simple on-and-off switches. They continually interact throughout the day and night. Healthy regulation depends on our ability to move flexibly between activation and recovery as our life circumstances change. I'm sure you've heard people talking about how they “regulate” themselves, or take themselves from a high stress state, to lower stress state usually through intentional breathing, (I've just started to add this technique), physical movement (my go-to way to get back to myself when I have time) and some people use sensory grounding to get themselves out of anxious loops. American neuroscientist Dr. Andrew Huberman suggests the physiological sigh as a breathing technique “to reduce stress and anxiety in real-time, while they are still engaging in life.”[vi] He does say that this pattern of breathing is something that we all engage in when we are in deep sleep (our dogs do it too), a double inhale, followed by an extended exhale. He says it works well to reduce stress because “it offloads a lot of carbon dioxide all at once.” Until I started to look at this sleep stress number, I didn't realize that even during healthy sleep, our autonomic activity fluctuates. Deep sleep is generally associated with greater parasympathetic influence, while REM sleep can include more variable heart rate, breathing and sympathetic activity. This means that brief periods of increased physiological stress during sleep are not automatically signs that something is wrong. The more useful question is: Can my body move flexibly between activation and recovery—or is it remaining unusually activated for extended periods? What Does WHOOP Mean by Sleep Stress? WHOOP estimates physiological stress using signals that include heart rate and heart-rate variability, or HRV, compared with your personal baseline. Its Sleep Stress view shows the proportion of the night spent in low, medium and high physiological stress zones. This is an important distinction: A wearable does not directly measure your thoughts or emotions. It cannot know whether you are worried, excited, digesting a late meal, fighting an infection or recovering from a difficult workout. It also does not directly measure the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the nervous system. Instead, it uses cardiovascular signals to estimate how physiologically activated your body appears relative to what is normal for you. Elevated nighttime stress can potentially be influenced by: Mental or emotional strain Alcohol Illness or an emerging infection A late or heavy meal Intense exercise close to bedtime Accumulated training strain Dehydration Heat or an uncomfortable sleep environment Travel and disrupted routines Hormonal changes Certain medications Or sleep-disordered breathing Sleep Stress should therefore be treated as a signal to investigate, not a diagnosis. One elevated night may not mean very much. The greatest value comes from observing your own patterns across several weeks and comparing those patterns with your behaviors, environment, training and health. Where Sleep Stress Fits in the Movement Loop Our original Phase 3 framework was: Movement → Adaptation → Performance But we can now expand this pathway: Movement → Physiological Load → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance Movement provides a challenge to the brain and body. That challenge creates physiological load. Recovery gives the body an opportunity to respond to the load, repair what was challenged and build additional capacity. That process is adaptation. And the capacity created through adaptation supports future performance. Sleep Stress sits within the recovery stage of this loop. It helps us investigate whether the body is successfully downshifting from the demands of the day or remaining more activated than usual during the recovery window. This does not mean that every increase in nighttime stress prevents adaptation. The body is dynamic. Exercise, digestion, illness, temperature and different stages of sleep can all affect nighttime physiology. But if elevated Sleep Stress becomes a repeated pattern, it may indicate that the body is carrying more load than it is currently absorbing. This is why Sleep Stress belongs in Phase 3: Movement supplies the challenge. Recovery determines how effectively we absorb it. Adaptation builds capacity. And capacity supports performance. What My Six-Month Results Show When I examined my 6-month Sleep Stress results from March 17 through September 12 when I was writing this episode, I first looked at six consecutive monthly windows: March 17–April 15: 21 minutes of average high Sleep Stress April 16–May 15: 35 minutes May 16–June 14: 18 minutes June 15–July 14: 14 minutes July 15–August 13: 5 minutes August 14–September 12: 4 minutes The pattern was not a straight decline. My average high Sleep Stress initially increased from 21 to 35 minutes. That April-to-May period (with International Travel) was the highest point in the six-month window—a 67% increase from the preceding month. The nightly graphs also show more frequent and more substantial periods in WHOOP's high-stress zone during that time. The data cannot tell me exactly what caused the increase. It may have reflected accumulated emotional stress, training load, disrupted routines, sleep timing, travel, temperature, or several factors interacting at once. But after that 35-minute peak, the direction changed: 35 → 18 → 14 → 5 → 4 minutes That is an approximately 89% reduction from the peak. This was not the result of one isolated night or a single unusually good week. It was a progressive decline across four consecutive monthly windows. When I switched to WHOOP's full six-month view, however, I initially noticed what appeared to be a contradiction. My six-month average was 16 minutes in the high-stress zone—60% higher than my preceding six-month average of 10 minutes. How could my current Sleep Stress be improving so dramatically while the six-month comparison still showed an increase? The answer is that a six-month average is a lagging measure. You can see my 6 month data in the show notes. This graph includes the elevated spring period, particularly the April-to-May peak of 35 minutes. Those earlier nights continue to pull the six-month average upward, even though my more recent results are much lower. The percentage of each night spent in WHOOP's different stress zones makes the recent change especially clear. During the April-to-May peak: 6% of my sleep was in the high-stress zone 27% was in the medium-stress zone 67% was in the low-stress zone By August 14 through September 12: High-stress sleep had fallen to 1% Medium-stress sleep had fallen to 10% Low-stress sleep had risen to 89% This may be the most meaningful finding in the entire six-month trend. I did not simply spend less time in WHOOP's high-stress zone. A much larger proportion of my night shifted into the low-stress zone. From spring into early summer, my high Sleep Stress had already begun to decline as I was focused on my health routine it kept dropping—from 35 minutes to 18 and then 14 minutes. I was living my life as usual. Three observations help explain what I think this pattern means. Observation One The Spring Peak Was Worth Investigating The 35-minute average represented a 67% increase from the preceding monthly window. The nightly graphs also show more frequent and more substantial periods in WHOOP's high-stress zone during that time. Something was placing a greater physiological demand on my system, but the screenshots cannot tell me precisely what it was. The increase could have reflected emotional stress, training load, disrupted routines, sleep timing, travel, illness, temperature or several factors interacting at once. This is why wearable data becomes more useful when it is paired with context. The number shows us what changed. A behavior log helps us investigate why it may have changed. Observation Two The Improvement Began Before August My Sleep Stress did not suddenly improve in one week. After the April-to-May peak, it declined across four consecutive monthly windows: 35 minutes fell to 18, then 14, then 5 and finally 4 minutes. That suggests an ongoing recovery shift rather than one isolated good night. By the latest monthly window, 89% of my sleep appeared in WHOOP's low-stress zone, compared with 67% during the spring peak. My body appeared to be spending progressively more of the night in a lower state of physiological activation relative to my baseline. Observation Three One Change May Have Strengthened the Trend Then, on August 7, I changed one thing. My movement, training, sauna, hydration and sleep practices remained relatively consistent. The clearest variable I intentionally changed was this: I stopped drinking alcohol. The timing matters. My July 15-August 13 average, which contained only the first week of the alcohol-free experiment, was already down to 5 minutes. Because most of that monthly window occurred before August 7, alcohol removal cannot explain the entire decline. But after I removed alcohol, my Sleep Stress remained at its lowest level and fell again to 4 minutes. During the same period, my HRV increased, my resting heart rate decreased and my overall recovery improved. These measures are related rather than completely independent-WHOOP's Stress Monitor itself uses patterns in heart rate and HRV. Still, when several parts of my recovery picture begin telling a consistent story after one clearly defined change, the pattern becomes more compelling. The data does not prove that removing alcohol caused every improvement. The most responsible conclusion is that my recovery had already begun improving and alcohol removal may have helped reinforce and sustain that progress. My Biggest Aha Moment My biggest realization was this: I was not improving my sleep only by changing what I did at night-such as cooling the room, using a sleep mask or limiting phone use before bed. I was improving my nights by changing my days. This is exactly what Dr. Kristen Holmes suggested we do on EP 4054. Everything we do during the day contributes to the total load our bodies must process: The emotional stress we carry The timing and intensity of exercise The food we eat The time we eat it Alcohol Hydration Light exposure Travel Work demands And whether we create moments of recovery between those demands The night can become a physiological reflection of everything that came before it. For years, many of us have assumed that being exhausted guarantees a good night's sleep. But exhaustion and regulation are not the same thing. We can be deeply tired and still physiologically activated. The goal is not to exhaust the body until it shuts down. The goal is to help the body transition from meeting the demands of the day into the conditions required for recovery. How Can YOU Measure Nighttime Stress? WHOOP provides a specific Sleep Stress view, but you do not need WHOOP to begin observing your recovery patterns. Depending on the wearable or device you use, you may be able to track: Sleeping heart rate Resting heart rate Overnight HRV Respiratory rate Skin-temperature deviation Sleep disruptions Restlessness Blood-oxygen trends And recovery or readiness scores The most important consideration is your personal baseline. Your HRV, resting heart rate and respiratory rate should not be judged against someone else's ideal number. Begin by learning what is normal for you. Then look for: Sudden deviations Repeated elevations Changes lasting several nights Connections with specific behaviors (I noticed that sleep stress was ALWAYS there after no more than 1-2 glasses of wine) And whether multiple measures change together (I noticed that after a long hike, if I chose to have a drink that night, even one glass of wine, sleep stress would be there the next day). There was no escaping what elevated it for me. Even without a wearable, you can begin tracking subjective signs of recovery. Each morning, ask: How many times did I awaken? Did I feel restored when I woke up? Was my mind calm or racing before bed? Did I wake with tension, a racing heart or unusual warmth? How was my energy, mood and focus the following day? You can then compare those observations with factors such as: Alcohol Meal timing Exercise timing Emotional stress Illness Travel And changes in your sleep environment The purpose is not to become anxious about every fluctuation. The purpose is to find patterns that help you make better decisions. It did help me to have a wearable to notice just how consistent my sleep stress was with certain behaviors. Can you measure Sleep Stress without a wearable? Not in the same way. Without overnight heart-rate and HRV data, we cannot calculate WHOOP's Sleep Stress score—and we may not consciously feel that our physiology remained activated. That was true for me. I did not feel stressed while I was sleeping. I needed the data to show me that my body was experiencing something my conscious mind could not detect. Without a wearable, we can still watch for indirect clues: repeated awakenings, morning fatigue, an elevated morning pulse, daytime sleepiness or a bed partner noticing snoring, gasping or restlessness. A sleep diary can help connect those clues with our daytime behaviors. The wearable did not create the stress. It made an invisible physiological pattern visible. How Can We Lower Sleep Stress? There is no single method guaranteed to lower nighttime stress because the underlying cause may differ from one person to another. The following ideas are best approached as individual experiments. Examine Alcohol Alcohol can make us feel sleepy, but sedation is not the same as restorative sleep. Try reducing or removing alcohol for several weeks and observe what happens to your Sleep Stress, HRV, resting heart rate, awakenings and morning energy. Look for a trend rather than expecting every night to improve. This isn't the first time I've removed alcohol while creating certain conditions for my body to perform at its best over the past 7 years of this podcast, and prior. I remember first hearing Dr. Daniel Amen talking about how alcohol isn't a health food, and that he suggests no amount to be healthy for the brain. When I first heard him say this, I did think, “Oh come on, Dr. Amen, say it's not so” because I don't eat junk food (we'll cover this topic next) so I would almost look to find some research that would allow even just small amounts. You can hear what Dr. Huberman[vii] suggests on his riveting episode on this topic, and I'm sharing that my reduction with sleep stress was significant enough for me to decide that cutting it out of my diet would be a permanent decision. This is a personal decision though and what might be significant for me with my results, might not be what you notice. Finish Eating Earlier A large or heavy meal close to bedtime may keep the body active through digestion. Experiment with finishing dinner earlier and leaving a consistent interval before sleep. Then observe whether your nighttime heart rate, Sleep Stress or restlessness changes. I've always had dinner around 5pm and don't eat anything after 6:30pm (except the occasional hot chocolate). Create an Evening Wind Down The brain and body need a transition between daytime demands and sleep. Your off-ramp might include: Dimming the lights Reducing stimulating content Reading Meditation Slow breathing NSDR Gentle stretching A warm shower or bath Writing down tomorrow's priorities Or following a consistent bedtime routine The purpose is to give the nervous system repeated cues that the demands of the day are ending. I like an Epsom salt bath when I'm home to transition from a work day, to night time. Balance Training With Recovery Exercise generally supports sleep and long-term health, but timing and intensity can affect individuals differently. If you repeatedly notice elevated nighttime stress after late, intense workouts, experiment with completing those sessions earlier. You might replace a late high-intensity session with walking, gentle mobility or recovery work and then compare the results. I did notice that on days I go to the gym after work, I do have higher stress that next morning. It's not always easy to fit everything in early mornings. Practice Regulation During the Day Do not wait until bedtime to address accumulated activation. Small recovery periods throughout the day can include: Brief movement breaks Time outdoors Slow breathing Space between meetings Short periods without digital stimulation Meditation Recovery does not begin when your head hits the pillow. It is built into the rhythm of the entire day. Optimize the Sleep Environment Examine the physical conditions surrounding your sleep: Is the room comfortably cool? Is it dark? Is it quiet? Are notifications turned off? Are pets or other interruptions waking you? Does your bedding help regulate temperature? Has travel disrupted your routine? Sometimes the source of elevated nighttime activation is due to your environment. Pay Attention to Possible Health Signals A sudden increase in nighttime stress—especially when accompanied by changes in resting heart rate, respiratory rate or skin temperature—may occur when the body is fighting an illness. Persistent changes deserve attention, particularly if they are accompanied by loud snoring, gasping during sleep, chest symptoms, unusual shortness of breath or significant daytime sleepiness. A wearable cannot diagnose sleep apnea, an infection or another medical condition. Its role is to help us notice when something has changed and decide whether further evaluation may be appropriate. A Seven-Day Sleep Stress Experiment This week, select only one or two variables to change. Your experiment does not have to involve alcohol like mine did. I honestly just stopped enjoying it, so it was an easy variable for me to pick. Don't ask me to give up coffee though. I won't be participating in any caffeine reduction experiments. Choose one variable that may be influencing your nighttime physiology, keep everything else as consistent as possible, and watch the trend—not one isolated score. You might: Avoid alcohol Finish dinner earlier Move intense exercise away from bedtime Create a 20-minute evening wind down routine Practice five minutes of slow breathing Or make the bedroom cooler and darker Each morning, record: Time in high Sleep Stress, if available HRV Resting heart rate Respiratory rate Number of awakenings And how restored you feel on a scale from 1 to 10 At the end of the week, ask: What changed? What remained consistent? Which behaviors appeared to help my body settle? Which behaviors were followed by greater nighttime activation? Do not try to produce a perfect score. The goal is to identify a pattern you can repeat. Review and Conclusion To close out this BONUS EP4, where we explored Sleep Stress—not as another score to chase, but as a window into what the body may be experiencing while we sleep. We learned that Sleep Stress estimates how physiologically activated the body remains during the night. It is different from sleep duration, which tells us how long we slept, and sleep stages, which estimate the kinds of sleep we experienced. To understand this metric, we looked at the two primary branches of the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system mobilizes energy so we can move, focus, respond and perform. The parasympathetic nervous system supports conservation, digestion, restoration and recovery. Neither branch is inherently good or bad. We need activation to meet life's demands, and we need the ability to downshift when those demands have passed. Healthy regulation is not the absence of stress. It is the flexibility to move between activation and recovery. We also learned that WHOOP does not directly measure either branch of the autonomic nervous system. It uses patterns in heart rate and heart-rate variability, compared with our personal baseline, to estimate physiological stress. That makes Sleep Stress a useful signal—but not a diagnosis and not proof of what caused a particular change. This metric fits within the recovery stage of our expanded Movement Loop: Movement → Physiological Load → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance Movement creates the challenge. But the challenge alone does not build greater capacity. The body must be able to absorb the load, recover from it and adapt. When I examined my own six-month results, I saw my average high Sleep Stress rise from 21 minutes to a spring peak of 35 minutes. It then declined across four consecutive monthly windows: 35 → 18 → 14 → 5 → 4 minutes That represented approximately 89% reduction from the highest month The proportion of my sleep in WHOOP's low-stress zone also increased from 67% during the spring peak to 89% in my most recent monthly window. My recovery had already begun improving before I had cut out alcohol on August 7, so alcohol removal cannot explain the entire decline. But when I kept the rest of my routine relatively consistent and removed alcohol, my Sleep Stress remained at its lowest level. At the same time, my HRV increased, my resting heart rate decreased and my overall recovery improved. This does not prove that one behavior caused every change. But it gives me good reason to believe that removing alcohol helped reinforce an already improving recovery pattern. And that brings me to the most important lesson from this experiment: I did not improve my recovery by asking my body to do more. I improved it by creating better conditions for my body to recover from everything it was already doing. So tonight, instead of asking only: “How many hours will I sleep?” Think about-- “What am I doing today that will help—or prevent—my body from settling tonight?” Because the night does not begin when we close our eyes. It carries the accumulated effects of how we moved, trained, ate, worked, regulated and recovered throughout the day. Movement creates the stimulus. Recovery allows us to absorb it. Adaptation builds our capacity. And greater capacity prepares the brain and body to perform tomorrow. I'll see you next time for Episode 407, where we will revisit Jason Wittrock's work through a current and carefully defined lens. We'll examine his experience with nutrition and fasting as the perspective of an applied practitioner and personal case study, while comparing those ideas with current evidence surrounding nutrition, blood-sugar stability, metabolic flexibility, recovery and performance. Because if recovery determines how well we adapt to a challenge, metabolism determines whether the brain and body have the energy required to power that adaptation. And the brain and body cannot sustain performance without the energy required to power the system. I'll see you next time. REFERENCES: [i]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast BONUS EP 3 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/the-hidden-story-behind-your-resting-heart-rate/ [ii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast BONUS EP 4 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/is-your-4-am-hike-costing-you-rem-the-movement-vs-sleep-trade%e2%80%91off/ [iii] whoop.com [iv]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EP 59 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/suzanne-gundersen-on-the-polyvagal-theory-in-practice/ [v]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast “The Future of Educational Neuroscience” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/lori-desautels-and-michael-mcknight-on-the-future-of-educational-neuroscience-in-our-schools-and-communities/ [vi] Dr. Andrew Huberman Breathing Techniques to Reduce Stress and Anxiety. The Physiological Sigh https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSZKIupBUuc [vii] Dr. Andrew Huberman https://www.hubermanlab.com/subtopics/effects-of-alcohol-on-the-brain-and-body
She more than doubled her HRV in under a decade, and the behaviour that moved it most was not training, supplements or sleep duration, but going to bed and waking at the same time. This week I sat down with Global Head of Human Performance at WHOOP and author of Aligned, Dr Kristen Holmes, to unpack why sleep-wake consistency is the foundation of a resilient nervous system in midlife. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN - Why is sleep-wake consistency a stronger predictor of mortality and disease than how long you sleep? - How does the contrast between your day and your night affect the severity of menopause symptoms? - What is the physiological sigh, and why did it outperform other anxiety-reducing techniques in the research? - Can you really raise your HRV, and how much of it is genetic rather than modifiable? - Why does eating late at night suppress both sleep quality and overnight recovery? - Why do unresolved trauma and an outcome-driven identity keep your nervous system stuck in fight or flight? TIMESTAMPS 00:00 The One Behaviour That Steadies a Midlife Nervous System 09:12 Why Day and Night Contrast Predicts Milder Menopause Symptoms 17:21 The Physiological Sigh, Winter Light and Why Late Meals Wreck Recovery 26:44 Data or Intuition: Using Your Numbers Without Becoming Obsessed 34:54 The Five Habits Behind a Doubled HRV 44:11 Falling Asleep at the Wheel: The Crash That Rebuilt Her Life 52:30 Unresolved Trauma, Fear and an Identity Wrapped Around Outcomes 01:00:53 Living by Your Values When Willpower Runs Out VALUABLE RESOURCES Aligned: The Data-driven Guide to Performance, Recovery, and Human Potential by Dr Kristen Holmes: https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/468591/aligned-by-holmes-kristen/9781529146981 Explore Dr Kristen's work: https://drkristenholmes.com/ Track your recovery with WHOOP: https://www.whoop.com/ A BIG thank you to our sponsor who makes the show possible: • MitoQ - Support your cells at the source with MitoQ NAD+ Dual Action, designed to boost NAD levels and help your cells actually use them for steady energy and sharper focus
On this episode of the Hays Post Podcast, Becky Kiser, news reporter, talks about SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program), formerly known as food stamps. Jessica Phelan, assistant professor in the Fort Hays State University Department of Health and Human Performance, has the historical details of SNAP beginning in 1939, and where it stands today as part of the federal farm bill. Listen Here
Send us Fan MailWhat happens when we stop treating the painful body part and start trying to understand the person attached to it?In this episode of Leave Your Mark, I sit down with Darren McConaghy, an Athletic Therapist, Strength and Conditioning Specialist, Osteopathic Manual Practitioner, and reconditioning professional with more than two decades of experience across sport, private practice, and human performance.Darren and I share a long history, which makes this conversation both professional and personal. We explore how his experiences across different disciplines have shaped the way he thinks today, and why complex problems often require us to step outside the boundaries of any single profession.We dig into the limitations of symptom-focused healthcare, the danger of allowing imaging to dictate treatment, and our concerns about moving too quickly toward surgery or emerging interventions before asking more fundamental questions. We also discuss the importance of understanding what a person actually needs their body to do before deciding that something needs to be “fixed.”A major theme of our conversation is the value of the generalist: someone willing to look at injury history, movement, strength, capacity, lifestyle, context, and the demands of real life, then bring those pieces together into a coherent strategy.We also talk about athlete autonomy and why the ultimate goal of good reconditioning should be to make people less dependent on us, not more. Darren shares his evolution from professional sport to private practice, his return to osteopathy, his current consulting work in Florida, and what more than twenty years of experience have taught him about simplifying complex problems.This is a conversation about experience, critical thinking, curiosity, and having the confidence to look at a problem through a different lens.Enjoy!If you liked this EP, please take the time to rate and comment, share with a friend, and connect with us on social channels IG @Kingopain, TW @BuiltbyScott, LI+FB Scott Livingston. You can find all things LYM at www.LYMLab.com, download your free Life Lab Starter Kit today and get busy living https://lymlab.com/free-lym-lab-starter/Please take the time to visit and connect with our sponsors, they are an essential part of our success:www.ReconditioningHQ.comwww.FreePainGuide.com
If only we treated the human being in the cockpit with the same care and lifecycle management we give the aircraft... In this episode, I sit down with Commander Kevin Bernstein, MD, to explore a new approach to human performance across Naval Aviation. Drawing on his experience in sports medicine and Naval Special Warfare, Kevin explains how physical performance, psychology, recovery, and readiness can be brought together to help aviators perform better, stay healthy, and remain operational for longer. We discuss the Human Performance program being developed across the Navy, what it looks like inside a fighter squadron, the lessons learned from its early implementation, and why preserving experienced aviators may be one of Naval Aviation's most valuable investments. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Episode 406 explains how movement prepares the brain but does not guarantee learning. It traces the full sequence—movement, RAS-driven readiness, salience and relevance, focused attention, encoding, retrieval and repetition, and recovery and sleep—that turns activation into lasting memory and performance. The episode offers practical steps in a Move–Focus–Learn protocol: use brief movement to create readiness, clearly identify and remove distractions for one learning target, interact with material in meaningful ways, practice retrieval and spaced repetition, and protect recovery to support consolidation. Listeners are encouraged to test these simple experiments for school, work, or personal learning to make experience more usable and improve attention, memory, and performance. ON THIS EPISODE, YOU'LL LEARN: ✔ Why movement prepares the brain but does not guarantee learning ✔ How attention directs the capacity movement creates ✔ Why meaning and emotional relevance capture attention ✔ The difference between paying attention and actually learning ✔ How retrieval and repetition help new information stick ✔ How seeing, hearing, explaining, and applying an idea can help us remember it ✔ How restorative sleep supports memory and learning ✔ A practical Move–Focus–Learn Protocol for school, work, or your own personal learning The central idea is simple: Movement opens the window. Attention determines what enters. Repetition strengthens what remains. And recovery helps the brain integrate what it has experienced. Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast, where we bridge neuroscience, social and emotional learning, and human performance so we can create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. I'm Andrea Samadi, and if you've been following along through Season 16, you'll know that we have been building what I call The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a neuroscience-based framework designed to help us understand how the different systems of the brain and body work together to influence how we learn, adapt, connect, lead, and ultimately, how we perform. We are currently in Phase 3, focused on Movement, Learning, and Cognition. As I prepared for this phase, I went back through more than 400 episodes of the podcast and organized them according to the five phases of this framework. I wanted to see whether any patterns would emerge. And some did. Phase 1, Regulation and Safety, includes 57 episodes. Phase 2, Neurochemistry and Motivation, includes 41 episodes—the smallest category, possibly because this is the area I have explored the least with my learning. Phase 3, Movement, Learning, and Cognition, includes 174 episodes—the largest category by far. Phase 4, Perception and Social Intelligence, includes 68 episodes. And Phase 5, Integration and Meaning, includes 71 episodes. When I saw that 174 episodes—more than 40 percent of the entire podcast—fit into Movement, Learning, and Cognition, it immediately showed me where much of my curiosity has been directed over the years. I have always been fascinated by learning: How do we prepare the brain to learn? What captures our attention? Why do some ideas (or people) remain with us while others disappear? How does knowledge become something we can retrieve, apply, and actually use to improve our lives? And while I am spending most of my spare time hiking, or at the gym over the years, I wonder, how does this movement that I'm doing help to improve my attention, or memory, and finally, where does recovery fit into this process? The past few weeks, I'm finally connecting the dots with how important recovery is with this equation. I'm also learning how to determine what's important to me. John Medina's Brain Rules book explains what holds our attention. He reminds us that “we don't pay attention to boring things (or people).[i] As we continue through these five phases of The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance, I'm especially curious about how we will move beyond understanding these lessons, to begin implementing what we are learning, and connecting more ways to improve how we learn, adapt, connect, lead, and ultimately perform in our day to day lives. That will become an important part of the upcoming workbook—which is a practical way for each of us to identify what we have already strengthened, where gaps may remain, and which specific actions can help us to improve our own learning, well-being, and performance. Because the purpose of this 5 Phase Framework is not simply to collect more information about the brain. It is to understand how the systems connect—and then use that understanding to create meaningful change. “Attention Is the Gate—How Movement Becomes Learning.” For today's Episode 406, we'll connect Dr. John Medina's Brain Rules to the Movement Loop we have been building throughout Phase 3—and answer the next important question: Once movement activates and prepares the brain, what determines whether that readiness becomes lasting learning? You can review our full interview with John Medina from EP 42[ii] from February 2020. (find the link in the reference section of the show notes). INTRODUCTION: THE MISSING STEP We have spent this phase so far, examining how movement changes the brain. Dr. Chuck Hillman and Paul Zientarski[iii] showed us that movement prepares the brain for learning. Dr. John Ratey[iv] helped us understand how exercise influences neurochemistry, BDNF, and neuroplasticity. Dr. Kristen Holmes[v] showed us that recovery helps determine whether strain becomes adaptation. And our restorative-sleep episode explored where some of that recovery, adaptation, and integration may occur. But one important question remains: A brain can be activated, chemically prepared, and physiologically ready—but what determines what it actually learns? The answer begins with attention. Movement may create the readiness to learn, but readiness alone is not learning. The brain must still select what matters, focus on it, interact with it, encode it, revisit it, and eventually integrate it. That gives us the pathway we will explore today: Movement creates readiness. But what is the filter in our brain that helps us to focus on the things that are most important to us. What gives us the ability to pay attention to something? The RAS- or The Reticular Activating System. Before we continue, let's remind ourselves what the RAS is. The RAS—or reticular activating system—is a network of neurons extending through the brainstem that helps regulate wakefulness, alertness, and our readiness to respond to incoming information. We explored this system previously in Episode 272, “Priming the Reticular Activating System to Achieve Our Goals.” In that episode, we described the RAS as a type of filter that helps us notice information connected to what we have identified as important. For example, once you decide that you are interested in a particular type of car, you may suddenly begin seeing that car everywhere. That's the RAS filtering system in our brain. The cars were already there, but your attention now has a reason to prioritize them. In Episode 272[vi], we applied this idea to goal-setting. When we clearly identify an intention, we may become more likely to notice relevant information, opportunities, and connections that were previously present but did not receive our attention. That explanation gave us a useful starting point. But here in Episode 406, we can add more precision. The RAS is not a tiny gatekeeper sitting in the brain and personally deciding what we will learn. It is part of a broader network that helps maintain the level of arousal and alertness required for our attention. It helps the brain become available to notice whatever it is that is important to us. Then salience, relevance, emotion, intention, and our current goals help determine what receives priority. Focused attention directs our limited cognitive resources toward the selected information. Next, encoding and repetition help strengthen what we want to focus on. And recovery and sleep help to further support its consolidation and integration. So our expanded Movement Loop now looks like this: you can see an image in the show notes to expand this understanding. Movement supports brain activation. RAS helps the brain become awake, alert, and ready to pay attention. Salience and relevance (or what matters the most to us) helps to determine what receives priority. Our focused attention selects what gets our priority. Encoding and repetition further strengthens this pathway. Recovery and sleep (that we've dove deep into) support consolidation and integration. And together, these processes increase the likelihood that experience becomes learning—and that learning becomes available for future performance. Whatever it is that we have put our attention on, is now made usable. This shows us how our understanding has evolved since Episode 272, three years ago. Then, we were asking: How can our intention help us notice what matters with the attainment of our goals? Now, years later, with more understanding, we are asking: Once the brain is alert and something important has captured our attention, what sequence of events must occur for that information to become lasting learning? We are no longer asking only what must remain top of mind so we can notice opportunities connected to our goals. We are asking what happens next: How does something we notice become something we understand? How does something we understand become something we remember? And how does something we remember become knowledge or a skill we can retrieve, apply, and use to improve our performance? This is where Dr. John Medina's Brain Rules help us to connect the pieces. Let's begin with Lesson One: Lesson 1: Movement Creates Readiness—Not Guaranteed Learning Movement can increase alertness, circulation, and readiness for cognitive work. But why might movement have such a powerful relationship with the brain? Dr. John Medina explains this through an evolutionary lens. His point is that the human brain did not develop while we were sitting motionless at desks or staring at screens. It developed while human beings were moving through changing outdoor environments, solving immediate problems, and continually responding to the world around them. Let's listen to how he explains it. CLIP 1 John Medina “The human brain was designed to solve problems related to surviving in an outdoor setting, in unstable meteorological conditions—and to do so in constant motion. The constant motion is where the exercise comes in. But the rest of that—the more a school, or any of us, can recreate the world of the Serengeti, the place where this brain actually grew up, the better things are. And exercise, particularly outdoor exercise, is a terrific example of this idea.” When Medina refers to the Serengeti, I don't think he is suggesting that schools should literally recreate the dangers or conditions of an ancient environment. He is giving us an evolutionary picture of the conditions under which the human brain developed: We moved. We navigated changing environments. We encountered new sensory information. We solved problems. We adapted to uncertainty. And we did these things together rather than remaining physically still for most of the day. Outdoor movement may bring several of these conditions together. We are moving our bodies while also responding to changes in light, temperature, terrain, sound, distance, and direction. This helps explain why movement belongs at the beginning of our Movement Loop. But it also brings us to an important distinction: Movement creates readiness. It does not guarantee learning. A student can move before class and still become distracted. A leader can exercise before work and still spend the morning reacting to notifications. An athlete can warm up physically without becoming mentally focused on the strategy or skill required next. Movement can help activate the system. The RAS in the brain helps us become awake and alert. But the brain must still determine what stands out, what is relevant, and what deserves focused attention. Movement opens the window. Attention determines what enters through it. Our Key lesson: Movement prepares the brain. Attention directs the preparation. PUT THIS INTO ACTION Before your next period of demanding cognitive work, use movement to create a window of readiness. Take a five-to-ten-minute walk, complete a brief movement break, stretch, or choose another form of movement appropriate for your ability and environment. But do not move without deciding what comes next. Before you begin, identify the specific task you will return to: “When this movement break ends, what will receive my attention?” For a student, it might be the first problem on a math assignment. For a leader, it might be the one decision that requires uninterrupted thinking. For an athlete, it might be the cue, strategy, or skill that needs to remain at the center of practice. Movement creates the opportunity. A clear intention helps direct what happens next. Your experiment is: Move briefly, choose one target that you want to complete with this intention, and begin that task immediately after the movement ends. Lesson 2: Attention Is the Gate In EP 395[vii], we examined what captures attention: Meaning Emotion Relevance Intention Reward Human connection Now today's episode shows how we move beyond why the brain notices something and explains what attention does after movement has prepared the system to learn. Attention acts as a filter. The brain encounters more information than it can consciously process, so it must select what receives priority. This creates the bridge: Brain activation creates capacity. Attention distributes that capacity. Our Key lesson: What the brain does not attend to has little opportunity to become lasting learning. Andrea's Application This distinction between brain capacity and cognitive efficiency became personal for me when I reviewed the results of my 2020 brain scan. We covered this topic on EP 84[viii] and we will do a thorough review of what was learned with our brain scans at Dr. Daniel Amen's CA Clinic. The evaluation that I received after my scan was completed with Dr. Shane Creado, suggested that I had areas of strong capacity, but that my brain appeared to be working harder than necessary to complete certain tasks in the cognitive testing. A possible contributor we discussed was sleep deprivation. I want to be careful here: a SPECT scan is not a direct measurement of attention or learning, and my results cannot tell us that insufficient sleep caused a specific attention pattern. But the experience gave me a useful way to think about what we are learning today. Having cognitive capacity does not necessarily mean that we are using that capacity efficiently. I may be motivated, active, and ready to work—but if I am under-recovered, under-slept, distracted, or trying to process too many competing inputs, my brain may have to expend more energy to sustain focus. This helped me understand the Movement Loop at a more personal level: Movement can help activate my brain. Attention gives that activation a target. But recovery may influence how efficiently I can sustain that attention and use it for learning. My scan did not define what my brain could do. It gave me another reason to examine the conditions under which my brain performs at its best. PUT THIS INTO ACTION Before asking yourself—or someone else—to focus, make the target of attention clear. Start by completing this sentence: “The most important thing to notice right now is…” Then reduce the competition around it. We all know to do this. Silence unnecessary notifications. Close unrelated tabs. Remove extra materials from view. Avoid asking the brain to switch repeatedly between tasks. If you are teaching, make the relevance visible: “Why does this matter?” “What should students be listening or looking for?” “How does this connect to something they already know?” If you are working independently, write your one priority clearly where you can see it. Remember, the goal is not to force the brain to attend to everything. The goal is to help it identify (with your RAS-that filter in your brain) what deserves your priority. Your experiment is: Choose one target, (something you want to accomplish) remove as many unnecessary sources of interference as possible, and create one meaningful reason to pay attention. This also helps explain why keeping your desk clear, your closet organized, or your car tidy may make you feel calmer and more focused. How we do anything is how we do everything. Every object, notification, unfinished task, or piece of visual clutter can become another potential signal competing for your attention. That does not mean everything must be perfectly organized before you can begin (while some of us would prefer to work this way), perfection can become its own form of interference. Just get started. It simply means that when you reduce unnecessary visual and mental competition, you make it easier for the brain to recognize the priority in front of you. Clear the space. Name the target. Create the relevance. Then give the task your full attention. Lesson 3: Attention Is Necessary—but It Is Not Enough Paying attention to information once does not guarantee that it will be remembered. This is where Dr. Medina's memory rules enter: Repeat to remember. Remember to repeat. The first refers to giving new information more than one opportunity to be encoded. The second points toward revisiting information over time. This allows you to extend the Movement Loop: Movement prepares the brain and body. Attention selects what to focus on. Retrieval and Repetition strengthens our focus. Recovery helps us to integrate what we are learning. PUT THIS INTO ACTION After learning something new, do not immediately reread it. First, look away from the material and try to retrieve it. Ask yourself: “What were the three most important ideas?” “How would I explain this without looking at my notes?” “What can I remember on my own?” Retrieval reveals the difference between recognizing information and actually being able to access it. Then return to the material, check what you missed, and retrieve it again later—after an hour, the next day, or several days afterward. For students, this could mean closing the textbook and explaining the lesson to a partner. For professionals, it could mean summarizing a meeting before reviewing the notes. For personal learning, it could mean recording a short voice memo explaining the idea from memory. Your experiment is: Learn it once, retrieve it without looking, and schedule a brief return to it later. See if you can remember it. Attention begins the pathway. Retrieval and repetition help strengthen it. Andrea's Application This lesson reminded me of one part of the cognitive testing that accompanied my brain scan at Amen Clinics: a Continuous Performance Test, or CPT. In the version I completed, letters appeared on a computer screen. The instruction was to press a button whenever a letter appeared—except when the letter was X. This type of task may sound simple, but it requires you to remain attentive over time, respond consistently, and inhibit your automatic response when the target letter appears. My results indicated that this was an area in which I did not perform as strongly. Looking back, I remember hearing the basic instruction: press the button for every letter except X. But I do not remember fully appreciating that the speed and consistency of my responses also mattered. This gave me an important real-life lesson: Hearing an instruction is not the same as accurately encoding everything the task requires. Before beginning something important, pause and ask: “What exactly am I being asked to do?” “What details determine successful performance?” “Can I explain the instructions back in my own words?” And, when appropriate, write down the key steps before beginning. This applies in a classroom, during a meeting, while completing an assessment, or whenever accuracy matters. First, attend to the full instruction. Then restate or retrieve it. Clarify anything that is missing. And only then begin the task. My experience showed me that attention is not just about working harder or concentrating more intensely. It is also about identifying the correct target—and making sure we understand the complete task before directing our effort toward it. Lesson 4: Learning Becomes Stronger When It Has More Than One Path Dr. Medina's Brain Rule #9 about sensory integration and vision(meaning our brains learn and remember best when multiple senses—like sight, sound, and touch—are engaged at the same time) give you the practical learning background to involve ALL of your senses. While teaching and learning you can ask: Can I see it? Can I hear it? Can I explain it? Can I demonstrate it? Can I connect it to something I already know? Can I apply it physically or practically? The goal is not sensory stimulation for its own sake. It is to provide clear, relevant pathways through which the learner can interact with the information. Our Key lesson: The more meaningfully we interact with information that we are learning, the more opportunities the brain has to encode and retrieve it. PUT THIS INTO ACTION Choose one idea you want to remember and interact with it in at least two meaningful ways. You might: See it in a diagram. Hear it explained. Say it in your own words. Write or draw it. Teach it to someone else. Demonstrate it physically. Connect it to a previous experience. Or apply it to a real problem. The goal is not to add noise or stimulation. More input is not automatically better. Each interaction should make the idea clearer, more relevant, or easier to retrieve. For example, instead of only reading about the Movement Loop, you could draw the sequence, explain it aloud, and identify where it appears in your own daily routine. Your experiment is: Take one important idea and represent it in two different, meaningful ways. The more deeply we work with information, the more opportunities the brain has to encode and retrieve it. Andrea's Application If you have been listening to this podcast for a while, I'm sure you have noticed that when I organize an idea into a framework—or represent it in a visual graphic—it begins to come to life. I can see how the pieces from past episodes connect, can explain the concept more clearly, and retrieve and apply it to my life more easily. It's also difficult to forget something when there's a visual image connected to it if you are the type of learner who needs to see something to make it stick in your memory. LESSON 5: RECOVERY HELPS LEARNING CONTINUE AFTER ATTENTION ENDS So far, we have followed learning through four important steps: Movement prepares the brain and body. RAS helps “turn on the lights,” allowing us to become awake, alert, and ready to respond. Next, the brain begins identifying what might be important to us. Salience refers to something that stands out—perhaps because it is new, unexpected, emotional, or connected to a possible reward or threat. Relevance refers to how closely that information connects to our goals, needs, experiences, or interests. In simple terms: Salience asks, “What stands out?” Relevance asks, “What matters to me?” Attention through the RAS next directs the brain's spotlight toward the information selected for deeper processing. Imagine a flashlight shining on whatever it is that you have picked to be important to learn. Encoding creates the initial memory. Retrieval and repetition strengthen it. But learning does not necessarily end when we close the book, leave the classroom, finish the meeting, or stop practicing. The brain still needs time to stabilize, organize, and connect what we learned. This is where recovery and sleep enter the Movement Loop. SLEEP IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF LEARNING Sleep is not a period when the brain simply switches off. While we sleep, the brain continues processing information from the day. Newly encoded memories may be reactivated, strengthened, reorganized, and connected with knowledge we already have. This is called memory consolidation. In simple terms, consolidation helps make a new memory more stable and easier to access later. Deep non-REM sleep and REM sleep may support different but overlapping parts of this process. Deep sleep is associated with physical restoration and the consolidation of certain facts and experiences. REM sleep has been associated with emotional learning, procedural skills, creative connections, and integrating new experiences with older memories. But we should not think of these as completely separate jobs. Deep sleep and REM are parts of a repeating sleep cycle, and both may contribute to learning. This is why I use the phrases: Deep sleep helps me recover from the hard work I did that day. REM may help me integrate what I experienced and what it meant to me. The word “may” matters because sleep is more complex than saying that deep sleep only restores the body and REM alone integrates learning. The most important lesson is this: What we focus on while we are awake gives the brain something to work with while we sleep. Retrieval and repetition strengthen the information before sleep. Then sleep provides conditions that can help stabilize, organize, and connect what we learned. THE MOVEMENT LOOP IN SIMPLE TERMS Let's put the complete cognitive side of the Movement Loop into simple language. MOVE—to prepare the brain and body. BECOME READY—RAS- in the brain helps us become awake, alert, and available to respond. NOTICE—salience helps something stand out because it is new, emotional, unexpected, rewarding, or potentially threatening. RELEVANCE—relevance helps the brain recognize how that information relates to our goals, needs, interests, or previous experiences. ATTENTION—directs our mental resources or a spotlight toward the selected information. ENCODE—begins forming a memory of what we are focused on. RETRIEVE AND REPEAT—strengthens the memory and makes it easier to access again. RECOVERY and CONSOLIDATION—so the brain and body can restore, and sleep can support memory consolidation. Leading us to-- INTEGRATION—to connect the new learning with what we already know. APPLY—Making the learning available and ready to use when we need it. So, in its expanded form, the Movement Loop looks like this: Movement → RAS-Supports Readiness → Salience and Relevance (what's important to us)→ Focused Attention → Encoding (forms the memory of what we are focused on)→ Retrieval and Repetition (to strengthen the neural pathway) → Recovery and Consolidation (important for the brain and body to be rested and recovered)→ Integration (connect new learning with what we already know)→ NEW Learning and Performance (ready and available for us whenever we need it). Here is an even easier way to remember how we LEARN: Move. Wake or Get Ready. Notice. Focus. Form a Memory. Strengthen it. Recover it. Connect it. Use it. Movement prepares the system. The RAS helps us become alert. Salience and relevance identify possible priorities. Attention selects the target. Encoding begins the memory. Retrieval and repetition strengthen it. Recovery and sleep help stabilize it. Integration connects it. And application makes it useful. These stages do not always occur in a perfectly straight line. We may notice something before we are fully focused on it. We may need several rounds of encoding and retrieval. We may sleep on an idea and understand it differently the following day. Or we may try to apply what we learned and discover that part of the pathway still needs strengthening. That is why this is a loop rather than a one-way process. Application produces feedback. That feedback shows us what we understand, what we can retrieve and use, and what still requires attention, repetition, or recovery. Then that feedback guides the next cycle of learning. We move again. We become ready. We direct our attention toward what matters. And with each cycle, we build learning that becomes more accessible, adaptable, and useful in our performance. PUT THIS INTO ACTION Before ending your next learning or work session, take one minute to ask: “What is the most important thing I want to remember?” Without looking at your notes, write down the central idea in your own words. Then decide when you will retrieve it again—perhaps later that day or the following morning. After that, give yourself permission to recover. When your attention is fading, another exhausted hour may not be as valuable as a break or a full night of sleep. The following day, try to retrieve the idea again before looking at your notes. Notice what remained accessible and what needs another repetition. Your experiment is simple: Summarize it. Sleep on it. Retrieve it again. Because learning begins while we are awake—but recovery and sleep help the brain continue the work. The Move–Focus–Learn Protocol BRINGING THE FIVE ACTIONS TOGETHER Here is the full Move–Focus–Learn experiment: Test this in school, work or personal learning: Use a brief walk or appropriate movement break before demanding cognitive work. This is what I told Dr. Medina 6 years ago is the only way I'm able to stay focused on writing difficult topics, like this one. Identify the one thing that deserves your attention next. Pick one priority you will focus on. Remove interference. Reduce unnecessary notifications, competing tasks and distractions. This can take a few minutes ahead of time, but keeps the learning slate clean so to speak. Create relevance. Ask, “Why does this matter to me—or to this learner?” Interact with the information you want to learn. Explain it, visualize it, discuss it, demonstrate it or apply it. Retrieve it. Close the book or screen and recall the important ideas without looking. Repeat it later. Return to the information after time has passed. Protect recovery. Allow sleep and recovery to support the next stage of learning. REVIEW AND CONCLUSION As we close out Episode 406, I want to return to the question we began with: Once movement activates and prepares the brain, what determines whether that readiness becomes lasting learning? The answer is not one single process. Learning emerges through a sequence of connected conditions: The brain and body must become ready. Something must stand out and feel relevant. Attention must select it. The information must be encoded. It must be retrieved and revisited. And recovery and sleep must provide opportunities for consolidation and integration. Dr. John Medina's Brain Rules helped us follow this sequence through five key lessons. LESSON 1: EXERCISE PREPARES THE BRAIN Movement helps create biological conditions that support alertness, attention, and cognition. The RAS contributes to this process by helping us become awake, alert, and ready to respond. But movement creates an opportunity—not a guarantee. A prepared brain still needs direction. LESSON 2: ATTENTION SELECTS WHAT MATTERS The brain encounters far more information than it can consciously process. Salience helps us notice what stands out. Relevance connects that information to our goals, needs, interests, or previous experiences. Attention then directs the brain's spotlight toward the selected target. Movement may create greater readiness, but attention determines where that readiness goes. LESSON 3: RETRIEVAL AND REPETITION STRENGTHEN WHAT ATTENTION BEGINS Paying attention once may create familiarity, but familiarity is not the same as learning. Encoding begins the memory. Retrieval asks the brain to locate that information again. Repetition gives us additional opportunities to strengthen our access to it. This is why explaining an idea without looking at our notes can be more useful than simply rereading it. Attention begins the pathway. Retrieval and repetition help make it last. LESSON 4: MEANINGFUL INTERACTION HELPS LEARNING STICK We can strengthen encoding by interacting with an idea in more than one meaningful way. We might see it, hear it, explain it, draw it, demonstrate it, or apply it. The goal is not to add as much stimulation as possible. The goal is to give the brain clear and relevant ways to understand, represent, and later retrieve the information. This is something I have experienced while creating this podcast. When I organize an idea into a framework or bring it to life in a visual graphic, I can see how the pieces connect. That helps me explain the idea more clearly, remember it more easily, and apply it more effectively. LESSON 5: RECOVERY ALLOWS LEARNING TO CONTINUE Learning does not necessarily end when we close the book, leave the classroom, finish the meeting, or stop practicing. During sleep, newly encoded information may be reactivated, stabilized, reorganized, and connected with existing knowledge. Deep non-REM sleep and REM sleep may contribute to this process in different but complementary ways. This is why recovery is not separate from learning. Recovery is part of the learning process. PUTTING THE MOVEMENT LOOP TOGETHER The complete cognitive side of the Movement Loop now looks like this: Movement prepares the brain and body. RAS-supported arousal helps us become awake and alert. Salience and relevance help identify possible priorities. Attention selects the target. Encoding begins the memory. Retrieval and repetition strengthen it. Recovery and sleep support consolidation. Integration connects the new learning with what we already know. And application makes that learning available when we need it. Or, in its simplest form: Move. Wake. Notice. Focus. Form. Strengthen. Recover. Connect. Use. Movement creates readiness. Attention provides direction. Encoding begins the memory. Retrieval and repetition strengthen the pathway. Recovery supports consolidation and integration. And application turns what we have learned into improved performance. Together, these processes help turn activity into lasting learning. FINAL THOUGHT This is not the first time we have explored Dr. John Medina's work, but each return has allowed us to ask a different question. In Episode 42[ix], we asked: How should schools and workplaces change when we understand the brain? In Episode 370[x], we asked: How can neuroscience and emotional regulation improve learning environments? In Episode 395[xi], we asked: What captures attention and motivates behavior? And here in Episode 406, we asked: How does an activated and attentive brain convert an experience into learning? That question has helped us add important detail to the Movement Loop. Movement alone does not create learning. Attention alone does not create lasting memory. Repetition without meaning may not produce understanding. And effort without recovery may not give the brain the conditions it needs to consolidate and integrate what happened. Each part of the process matters. Before we close, consider these questions: What are you preparing your brain to notice? Where is your attention going after you move? Are you interacting with important information deeply enough to encode it? Are you retrieving what you are learning—or merely rereading it? And are you protecting the recovery that allows learning to continue? Because what we repeatedly attend to, retrieve, and apply begins to shape what we know, what we can do, and how we perform. PREPARING FOR EPISODE 407 Movement can prepare the brain. Attention can direct it. Encoding can begin the memory. Retrieval and repetition can strengthen it. And recovery can help consolidate and integrate it. But every part of this process requires energy. The brain needs energy to direct attention, form memories, regulate behavior, and sustain performance. The body needs energy to move, adapt, recover, and begin the cycle again. So in Episode 407, we will revisit Jason Wittrock's work through a more current and carefully defined lens. We'll examine his experience with nutrition and fasting as an applied practitioner and personal case study, while comparing those ideas with current evidence surrounding nutrition, blood-sugar stability, metabolic flexibility, recovery, and performance. Because the brain and body cannot sustain performance without the energy required to power the system. I'll see you next time as we ask: How does metabolic health influence our capacity to move, learn, recover, and perform? RESOURCES Clip 1 with Dr. John Medina https://www.youtube.com/shorts/zDItOHAc8qQ Full Interview with Dr. John Medina https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CFzg5nQnEMs REFERENCE [i] John Medina's Brain Rule #4 https://brainrules.net/article/attention/ [ii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 42 with Dr. John Medina on “Implementing Brain Rules in Schools and Workplaces of the Future” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/dr-john-medina-on-implementing-brain-rules-in-the-schools-and-workplaces-of-the-future/ [iii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 403 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ [iv]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 404 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-matters-how-every-move-rewires-the-brain/ [v] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 405 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-isnt-enough-how-recovery-drives-real-adaptation/ [vi]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 272 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/brain-fact-friday-on-priming-the-reticular-activating-system-to-achieve-our-goals-in-2023/ [vii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 395 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/theory-of-mind-the-missing-link-between-attention-reward-and-motivation/ [viii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 84 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/how-a-spect-scan-can-change-your-life-part-3-with-andrea-samadi/ [ix] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 42 with Dr. John Medina on “Implementing Brain Rules in Schools and Workplaces of the Future” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/dr-john-medina-on-implementing-brain-rules-in-the-schools-and-workplaces-of-the-future/ [x]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 370 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/brain-rules-revisited-how-neuroscience-can-transform-classrooms/ [xi]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 395 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/theory-of-mind-the-missing-link-between-attention-reward-and-motivation/
In this episode of the Grow A Small Business Podcast host Troy Trewin interviews Raj Thiruchelvarajah, co-founder of Hytro, shares his journey from 15 years at PwC to building a pioneering human performance company used by elite athletes and astronauts. He explains how Hytro's wearable blood flow restriction technology helps improve performance, recovery, strength, and endurance. Raj discusses the company's pivotal shift from direct-to-consumer to B2B, which helped Hytro gain credibility through professional sports and expand into more than 400 teams. He highlights strategy, networking, resilience, and making fast decisions with limited information as essential lessons for growing a startup. Raj also opens up about the realities of entrepreneurship, including fundraising challenges, work-life pressures, and why founders must continuously learn, adapt, and enjoy the long journey. Why would you wait any longer to start living the lifestyle you signed up for? Balance your health, wealth, relationships and business growth. And focus your time and energy and make the most of this year. Let's get into it by clicking here. Troy delves into our guest's startup journey, their perception of success, industry reconsideration, and the pivotal stress point during business expansion. They discuss the joys of small business growth, vital entrepreneurial habits, and strategies for team building, encompassing wins, blunders, and invaluable advice. And a snapshot of the final five Grow A Small Business Questions: What do you think is the hardest thing in growing a small business? Raj Thiruchelvarajah shares that the hardest thing in growing a small business is managing the work-life balance, especially during intense periods of the startup journey. He explains that building a business can be brutal and demanding, requiring founders to constantly juggle business pressures, family responsibilities, and their own wellbeing. He believes there are peaks and troughs rather than a perfect balance, and founders need to accept that some phases will be particularly challenging. What's your favorite business book that has helped you the most? Raj Thiruchelvarajah shares that his favorite business book that has helped him the most is The Hard Thing About Hard Things by Ben Horowitz, which he plans to reread because it powerfully illustrates that there is no playbook for building a startup—you are constantly learning on the job amid the brutal realities and hard decisions that come with growth. Are there any great podcasts or online learning resources you'd recommend to help grow a small business? Raj Thiruchelvarajah recommends the UK podcast Startup Inside Out (formerly part of Bay HQ), hosted by Amadip Palmer, as a standout resource for founders, praising it as a really strong show that delivers practical insights into the startup journey. He also values peer learning through founder groups and networks (including a sports-tech founders group he's part of), conversations with other entrepreneurs further along the path, conferences and face-to-face events, coaches and mentors tailored to different stages of growth, and revisiting classic startup books such as The Lean Startup. What tool or resource would you recommend to grow a small business? Raj Thiruchelvarajah recommends networking and cultivating a strong community as the most powerful "tool" for growing a small business. He explains that Hytro's organic growth has come from authentic relationships with pro coaches and athletes who love the product and advocate for it, creating word-of-mouth advocacy that no paid marketing can match. What advice would you give yourself on day one of starting out in business? Raj Thiruchelvarajah would tell himself on day one: "Do you really want to do this?" He would also warn that it takes far longer than you expect, they once thought they'd be multimillionaires in five or six years, but the reality is much slower. The journey is beautiful and amazing, so try to enjoy it as much as you can, even though it is brutal and will take longer than you think. Book a 20-minute Growth Chat with Troy Trewin to see if you qualify for our upcoming course. Don't miss out on this opportunity to take your small business to new heights! Enjoyed the podcast? Please leave a review on iTunes or your preferred platform. Your feedback helps more small business owners discover our podcast and embark on their business growth journey. Quotable quotes from our special Grow A Small Business podcast guest: Strategy is everything — if you're not really clear at the beginning, you end up scrabbling around and wasting your time and effort – Raj Thiruchelvarajah I don't think I'll ever feel like we've succeeded; as a founder you're always thinking about the next thing and fixing the next problem – Raj Thiruchelvarajah It takes far longer than you think — the journey is beautiful and amazing, but it's a brutal one, so try to enjoy it as much as you can – Raj Thiruchelvarajah
9/3/2026 The Human Performance Engine: Leading Beyond Tech HypeEPISODE 1853RESOURCES MENTIONED IN THIS VIDEO:
On this week's episode of the WHOOP Podcast, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist Dr. Kristen Holmes and WHOOP SVP of Research, Algorithms, and Data Emily Capodilupo take a deep dive into the science of women's health. The two define the importance of understanding how a woman's physiology changes across the lifespan. Dr. Holmes and Emily define the various phases of the menstrual cycle and how each influences sleep, recovery, thermoregulation, fueling, and exercise performance. This episode challenges the idea that women need to completely restructure their training around their cycle. Instead, Dr. Holmes and Emily explain how understanding your individual patterns can help you make small, informed adjustments to strain, sleep, and recovery that better support your body.The conversation examines the menstrual cycle as an important signal of overall health, establishing your own physiological baseline, and how changes in those patterns can provide useful information throughout different stages of life. Dr. Holmes and Emily discuss the extensive research WHOOP has conducted across women's health, including pregnancy, fertility, and menopause, exploring how wearable data can help reveal changes that might otherwise be difficult to recognize. Ultimately, this episode highlights how better data, more research, and a more personalized understanding of female physiology can give women greater agency over their health and performance at every stage of life.Buy the new Meridian band(00:00) Trailer(01:02) WHOOP Research: The Importance of Studying Women's Health(03:23) Recovery Through The Menstrual Cycle(06:01) Using Science-Back Research to Develop WHOOP Features(09:12) Menstrual Cycle Variability Insights(12:16) Fuelling Tips for High Performing Women(19:27) Viewing Your Menstrual Cycle as a Vital Sign(21:49) Signs of RED-S and Misalignment(24:17) Early Signs of PMOS and How To Screen For It(28:28) What Your Body Is Trying To Tell You(29:49) What Women Need To Know About Tracking Their Cycle(20:10) How To Advocate For Care(30:56) Importance of Knowing Your Normal (31:22) Early Warning Signs of Perimenopause(32:54) WHOOP For Symptom Tracking(40:26) Sleep Hormone Feedback Loop(43:11) What Male Partners Need To Know(46:44) Pregnancy Research Gaps: What We Know About Pre-Natal Training(53:32) Maternal Care & Recovery(56:12) Exciting New Leads in Women's HealthSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInBuy Aligned by Dr. Kristen Holmes: Follow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
Ashley Goodall is a longtime consultant, Fortune 50 executive, speaker, researcher, and writer in the areas of leadership and human resources. His two books are Nine Lies About Work: A Freethinking Leader's Guide to the Real World and The Problem with Change: And the Essential Nature of Human Performance. Greg and Ashley discuss how rapid transformation, especially with AI, often worsens work because human employees are wired for stability, ritual, predictability, and belonging. Change and improvement are not synonyms. They discuss creating “equilibrium under varying load” by making decision processes transparent, offering voice without confusing it with vote, and giving people information to improve predictions, since bad news is often preferable to no news. Ashley notes how leaders underinvest in people due to short-termism, and layoffs and constant uncertainty damage both remaining employees and health. He emphasizes building many great teams, choosing and training team leaders well, recognizing excellence publicly, making contributions legible to boost self-efficacy, and reorienting HR toward long-term human performance and organizational prosperity as administrative work is automated. *unSILOed Podcast is produced by University FM.* Episode Quotes: Transparency matters during change 17:35: I find the most effective sort of safety signal at work is not, "Trust me, it'll be fine," but, "Here's what we're wrestling with." I think you can substitute transparency into what factors leaders are juggling for a promise that it'll all turn out well. I think the challenge with lots and lots of organizational leadership is leaders feel they can't say what's going on. And in the absence of an understanding of what's going on, employees are like, "Listen, I don't trust the beautifully wordsmithed stuff that your communications people write for you to say to me, and that seems to be intended to avoid lawsuits, not intended to help me understand the world.” Why people struggle with change 04:04: Whether we like it or not, change makes life difficult for people. We are wired as a species in a way that appreciates stability, appreciates knowing where we are, appreciates knowing where things are going. The complicated reality of AI at work 02:49: Now we're talking to one another in a world where digital transformation is, you from our current attention span, about eighty-nine percent AI. That's what's transforming stuff. And the experience of AI in the workplace is deeply complicated. I don't see workers, employees rushing around going, "This stuff is fabulous. Give us more of it." The sentiment is, "I'm burned out. I've got to manage all these agents all the time. I didn't sign up to be a manager. I don't know whether this stuff is any good. My company is forcing me to use it irrespective of whether I think I should use it." So, the on-the-ground experience of these tools is decidedly mixed. Show Links: Recommended Resources: The Death and Life of Great American Cities Change Management Centrifugal Governor Watt Steam Engine Peter Cappelli Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Who Moved My Cheese? Whitehall Study Deloitte Guest Profile: AshleyGoodall.com LinkedIn Profile Social Profile on Instagram Guest Work: Amazon Author Page Nine Lies About Work: A Freethinking Leader's Guide to the Real World The Problem with Change: And the Essential Nature of Human Performance If you enjoyed this show, here are some other unSILOed episodes you may like: 597: Donald C. Kieffer - Transforming Work Culture: From Firefighting to Strategic Flow 337: Simon Johnson - Navigating the Waves of Technology and Prosperity Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.
Dr. Ben Skutnik, PhD, CSCS*D, NSCA-CPT*D, is an Assistant Professor of Kinesiology and Human Performance Lab Director at Butler University and Head of Nutrition Coaching at Power Athlete. Dr. Ben Skutnik joins the show to separate fact from fad in aerobic training, debunking zone 2 hype and explaining why VO2 max matters but isn't everything. Expect to learn why reading scientific literature is its own skill, how uncontrolled variables quietly derail hypertrophy and menstrual-cycle training research, why treating people as fragile backfires, why anecdote in human performance often outruns the research, how "closing the loop" with clients beats chasing mechanisms, what the Norwegian 4x4 method gets right (and what most zone 2 research gets wrong about training zones), and how to actually build VO2 max with the critical power model, and much more. Connect with Ben: Power Athlete Coach Bio LinkedIn Google Scholar Episodes you'll enjoy next: #400 — Build Aerobic Fitness Before Mitochondrial Peptides: AMPK, VO2 Max & Recovery — Dr. Dwayne Jackson: Listen here #374 — Zone 2 Cardio: What the Science Really Says (Pros, Cons & Better Options) with Kristi Storoschuk: Listen here Episode Timestamps: 1:46 — Why Ben was recommended for this conversation on cardiovascular and aerobic programming 7:31 — Reading scientific literature is a skill set of its own 14:05 — Hypertrophy training to failure and uncontrolled variables in research 16:27 — Debunking myths about training around the menstrual cycle 18:20 — Human resilience and the danger of treating people as fragile 22:09 — Why consistency beats trying to "hack" optimization 22:40 — Nutrition fear-mongering and overly restrictive diets 27:25 — Changing one variable at a time vs. the "kitchen sink" approach 29:55 — Why anecdotal evidence in human performance is often ahead of the research 34:48 — The ethics of placebo and "closing the loop" with clients 37:34 — The psychology of performance: the NFL kicker example 43:13 — The Norwegian 4x4 method and zone 2 training myths 46:40 — Why most zone 2 research relies on the wrong zone model 52:53 — HYROX, CrossFit, and Goodhart's Law in training 1:05:18 — Is VO2 max overrated? Performance vs. health tradeoffs 1:15:25 — Building VO2 max: interval protocols and the critical power model 1:26:02 — Life-changing results: taking deconditioned clients from VO2 max 18 to 35 1:30:09 — Where to find Ben Skutnik and his work at Butler University and Power Athlete Get the Daily Fitness Insider newsletter (free): https://www.miketnelson.com/newsletter
Send us Fan MailWelcome back to the Joint Dynamics Podcast! In this episode, host Andrew Cox sits down with a global leader in human movement and health architecture: Michol Dalcourt.Michol is the Founder and CEO of the Institute of Motion (IoM), Co-Founder of PTA Global, and the mastermind inventor behind ViPR and ViPR PRO - the revolutionary tools that birthed Loaded Movement Training. Beyond elite athletics, Michol's vast depth of knowledge is leveraged at the state level, where he has consulted with the Singaporean Government on national fitness education, population health resilience, and systemic lifestyle frameworks like Wellcology.In this deep dive, Michol cuts through the noise of modern wellness trends to explore:The Evolution of IoM & ViPR: A frank business discussion of Michol's entrepreneurial journey. National Health Infrastructure: Building population-level resilience with the Singaporean government on the continuum from palliative care to prevention.Fascial Mechanics & "Farm Strength": Moving beyond isolated muscle training and social media soundbites to understand multi-directional vectors, viscoelasticity, and true tissue adaptability.The 4 Dimensions of Health: Why physical and mental health are only half the battle, and how social health ("20X support systems") drives human longevity.The Future of Coaching: Why human trust, empathy, and foundational habits (sleep and nutrition) will always outperform AI, biohacking, and extreme over-optimization.
In this episode Andrea Samadi explores how movement and sleep work together in a "brain operating system" for human performance, focusing on restorative sleep (deep + REM), personal WHOOP data, and the trade-offs created by early-morning exercise. She shares four lessons and a simple experiment to help listeners protect REM and deep sleep while maintaining an active life, emphasizing weekly rhythms, small changes, and tracking patterns rather than chasing perfect numbers. SEASON 16 | BONUS EPISODE 4 RESTORATIVE SLEEP Where Adaptation Happens Why deep sleep restores the body, REM helps integrate experience, and healthy habits must work together. ON BONUS EPISODE 4, YOU'LL LEARN: ✔ What restorative sleep really measures ✔ How deep sleep and REM support different forms of recovery ✔ Why REM percentage and duration tell different stories ✔ What my six-month sleep data revealed ✔ The hidden tradeoff behind my 4:00 AM hiking routine ✔ What happened when I slept just 21 minutes longer ✔ Why healthy habits can sometimes compete ✔ How to protect sleep without giving up movement ✔ 4 Lessons and a simple experiment for discovering your own best rhythm Episode Introduction Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast, where we bridge neuroscience, social and emotional learning, and human performance to create measurable improvements in well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity and results. I'm Andrea Samadi, and throughout Season 16 we have been building what I call the Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a neuroscience-based framework for understanding how the systems of the brain and body work together to influence how we learn, adapt, connect, lead and ultimately perform. We are currently in Phase 3: Movement, Learning and Cognition. Movement is the foundation of this phase because it affects far more than our muscles. When we move, we activate processes throughout the brain and body. Movement supports neurogenesis—the development of new neurons—particularly in areas involved in learning and memory. It strengthens connections between neurons through synaptic plasticity. We covered neurogenesis on EP 141[i] if you want to revisit that episode, if you are as curious as I am about how to regrow our brain cells. Movement that we are learning in this phase, also influences brain chemicals such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine and acetylcholine, which affect motivation, mood, attention and learning. Movement can also strengthen our resilience by helping us manage stress and become more emotionally flexible. It builds sleep pressure, (the longer we stay awake, the more adenosine accumulates that increases our need or “pressure” to rest) which can support deeper, more restorative sleep. And over time, these changes may contribute to greater creativity, insight, endurance and human potential. But movement only creates the stimulus. The benefits don't come from movement alone. They come from the way the brain and body respond to that movement—and that response is called adaptation. Movement changes the brain. Adaptation changes the body. Recovery is what connects the effort we make today with the strength, resilience and capacity we hope to build tomorrow. Without adequate recovery, we can receive the stimulus without fully receiving the benefit. That is why sleep belongs inside the Movement Loop. Sleep is not separate from movement, learning or performance. It is one of the primary places where the brain and body respond to what we have asked them to do. Throughout Season 16, I've been sharing some of my own health and performance data as a living case study—not because everyone should try to reproduce my numbers, but because our individual trends can help us understand how neuroscience shows up in everyday life. I thought that if I was curious about understanding my numbers—and using them to improve my health, well-being and productivity—then other people might benefit from what I've learned along the way. My data has helped me see that movement, recovery and performance cannot be understood in isolation. They work together as a system: Movement creates the stimulus. Recovery creates the conditions for adaptation. Restorative sleep is one of the places where that adaptation unfolds. And this brings us to one of the most important recovery metrics I've learned to follow: Restorative sleep. We often celebrate what happens while we're awake: Our productivity. Our focus. Our learning. Our movement. Our performance. But much of the adaptation supporting those abilities happens while we sleep. Deep sleep supports physical restoration. REM sleep supports emotional processing, memory integration and cognitive flexibility. Together, these stages help convert the demands of one day into greater capacity for the next. This episode began with one honest question about my own routine: THE QUESTION: What am I gaining by waking at 4:00 AM to hike—and what might I be giving up by not sleeping longer? This is not simply an episode about sleeping more. It is about creating a rhythm in which two essential health behaviors—sleep and exercise—support one another instead of competing for the same limited hours. You will see my data exactly as it is. Sleep is one of the weaker links in my current health routine, which makes it a useful place to learn. The goal is not to judge the data. The goal is to let the data ask a better question. Lesson 1: Restorative Sleep Contains Two Stories WHOOP (the wearable device that I use to measure sleep) defines restorative sleep as the combined time spent in deep sleep, also called slow-wave sleep, and REM sleep. Combining the two creates a useful overview, but separating them reveals two different parts of the story. Deep Sleep or Slow-Wave Sleep: Physical Restoration Deep sleep is concentrated more heavily in the earlier part of the night and supports processes associated with physical restoration. It is relevant after hiking, Zone 2 exercise, strength training and other demanding activity because sleep is part of how the body responds to the strain we create. During deep sleep: Tissue repair is supported. Growth hormone release increases. Immune function is supported. Energy is restored. The body adapts to physical strain. REM Sleep: Integration REM stands for rapid eye movement sleep and is known as the “mentally restorative” stage of sleep. This is where most dreams occur, and short-term memories are converted into long-term memories. During REM, the brain is highly active while most voluntary muscles remain temporarily inhibited. I'll never forget the part of our interview with Dr. Jaland Balal[ii], when he explained that this feature is what keeps us safe from moving around too much while we are sleeping, keeping our sleeping partners safe. REM has been associated with: Emotional processing Memory integration Aspects of learning Cognitive flexibility Creative associations Connecting new information with previous experiences Memory is supported across several sleep stages—not by REM alone. REM helps the brain process, connect and integrate. REM periods also tend to become longer as the night progresses. That means shortening the end of the sleep window may disproportionately reduce the opportunity for the longer, more REM-rich cycles that occur toward morning. Deep sleep helps restore the body. REM helps integrate the brain. We need both. That second sentence is personally meaningful because I have logged my dreams for years. A dream is not a diagnosis or a literal solution, and dreams can occur outside REM. But a dream log gives me a qualitative record of recurring emotions, images, relationships, problems and emerging ideas that my mind may still be processing. Since I enjoy learning, interviewing, writing, teaching and connecting ideas across neuroscience and social-emotional learning, REM matters for more than dream recall (which by itself is fascinating and something we will look deeper at in Phase 5 with Integration and Meaning). Lesson 2: My Data Revealed a Duration Gap When I looked at my WHOOP trends, the total restorative-sleep number was only the beginning. Metric My average Six-month restorative sleep 2 hr 43 min Lifetime REM 1 hr 37 min Last 90 days REM 1 hr 18 min Last 30 days REM 1 hr 20 min Recent REM percentage About 20% When I looked at six months of WHOOP data, my average restorative sleep was: 2 hours and 43 minutes per night. That number gave me the total time spent in deep sleep and REM—but it did not tell me how those two stages were distributed. When I separated them, another story emerged. My lifetime REM average was approximately: 1 hour and 37 minutes per night. But over my more recent periods, that changed: Last 90 days: approximately 1 hour and 18 minutes Last 30 days: approximately 1 hour and 20 minutes Recent REM percentage: approximately 20% of my total sleep Twenty percent is within a commonly reported adult range. But compared with my own lifetime average, my recent REM duration was approximately 17–19 minutes lower per night. That distinction matters. My REM percentage may appear healthy while my total REM duration is still lower than my personal historical average. So my real question became: Not “Is my REM normal?” but “What conditions help my brain produce more of its own normal REM?” This is the value of tracking. THE DATA LESSON: A population range provides context. Your baseline provides the story. Your trend gives you a question to test. Lesson 3: The 4:00 AM Tradeoff I love hiking early. It gives me cardiovascular conditioning, time outside, morning light, mental clarity and consistency. In Arizona, it also helps me finish before extreme heat heats around 8am. But if I go to bed at 8:30 PM and wake at 4:00 AM, I create a maximum sleep opportunity of seven and a half hours. That is time in bed—not necessarily time asleep. It does not include the time required to fall asleep or periods of wakefulness during the night. If I remain in bed until 6:00 AM, I create two additional hours of sleep opportunity. Those two hours would not equal two hours of REM. They would contain a mixture of sleep stages and perhaps brief wakefulness. But because REM episodes generally lengthen later in the night, the added opportunity may protect some of the more REM-rich portion of sleep. If you want to understand sleep cycles, I highly recommend taking Dr. Mathew Walker's Masterclass[iii] The Science of Better Sleep. What the Early 4am Wake Gives Me Early movement and consistency Cardiovascular conditioning Time outdoors and morning light The mental and emotional benefits of hiking What Might it Cost Me Up to two hours of total sleep opportunity (lost) Part of one or more later sleep cycles (lost) Greater opportunity for REM and dream recall (important to me) Time for memory and emotional processing across sleep (important to me) The accurate interpretation is not that I lose two hours of REM. It is that I may give up two hours of sleep opportunity containing some of the night's more REM-rich cycles. That led to my central realization: healthy behaviors (like my early wake to hike) can compete when their timing is not coordinated. MY AHA MOMENT: Am I creating better sleep through movement—or repeatedly borrowing from the final part of sleep to make that movement happen? My wearable cannot prove that early wake times caused the change. Consumer wearables estimate sleep stages; they do not measure them with clinical polysomnography. But the pattern gives me a reasonable hypothesis to test. That is what self-tracking should do: not make us anxious about a number, but help us ask a better question. A Real-Time Clue: What 21 More Minutes Revealed While preparing this episode, my data gave me a real-time example of the tradeoff. On Thursday, August 27, I woke at 4:21 AM instead of 4:00 AM. That night I recorded three hours and two minutes of restorative sleep—the highest total of the week. It included one hour and seven minutes of deep sleep and one hour and 55 minutes of REM. That REM duration was approximately 35 minutes above my recent 30-day average. My graph in the show notes showed a substantial REM period close to the end of the sleep window. Twenty-one additional minutes cannot explain a 35-minute difference, and one night cannot establish cause. Sleep varies from night to night. But the observation supports the hypothesis that a 4:00 AM alarm may sometimes interrupt a REM period already underway. I also remembered my dream and added it to my dream log. That gave me another kind of data: not just how long I slept, but what my mind may have been processing, integrating or connecting. One night is a clue—not proof. Watch the trend. The lesson is not that 4:21 AM is a magical wake time. The lesson is that the final portion of sleep may be more valuable than its length makes it appear. A small extension may sometimes allow the brain to finish a cycle that an earlier alarm (or your natural body's alarm) would interrupt. Lesson 4: Build a Rhythm, Not a Perfect Day The remedy I've concluded is not to stop hiking, (I would be miserable) and it is not to maximize sleep or exercise in isolation (I wouldn't feel productive sleeping in longer). The solution is to create a weekly rhythm in which movement provides the stimulus and sleep protects the opportunity for adaptation. For me, that rhythm can include two kinds of days: 1. Early-Hike Days (twice a week) When a 4:00 AM wake time is necessary, (and possible). I can treat bedtime as part of the training plan. If family responsibilities the night before make a very early bedtime unrealistic, I can recognize that constraint and adapt. But it is important that I get to bed by 8:30pm if I want to wake up 4am. 2. Sleep-Protected Mornings On selected non-hiking days, I can remain asleep until approximately 5:00 or 6:00 AM and move later. These mornings create more opportunity for later sleep cycles and give me a comparison condition for my experiment. What happens if I stay in bed longer? The goal is not a perfect day. The goal is a sustainable week. The Movement Loop is not: Move → Move More → Keep Pushing. It is: Movement → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity. For you, the listener, are you giving yourself enough time to recover? To Adapt? To Increase Performance? That leads to greater capacity? Or, did you notice, like me, that there was a trade off with your schedule? Tips to Implement: Run Your Own Restorative-Sleep Experiment You do not need my wake time, my REM number or a WHOOP device to learn from your own pattern. Use this five-step experiment for two to four weeks. Establish your baseline. Record your usual bedtime, wake time, estimated sleep duration, morning energy and—if available—deep and REM sleep for at least seven nights. The Whoop device rewards users who go to bed, and wake at the same time, calling it sleep consistency. Choose one change. Add 20–60 minutes of sleep opportunity on selected mornings, or move bedtime earlier before early-training days. Avoid changing every variable at once. Stanford Professor, Dr. Andrew Huberman[iv] suggests that if you can find a way to add heat to your sleeping environment in the final 2 hours of your sleep, it can increase your REM sleep. Sleeping just 21 more minutes for me made a notable difference. Protect movement differently. On sleep-protected mornings, move later, shorten the session or choose a lower-intensity option instead of skipping movement entirely. This was the game changer for me. I opted for a walk on sleep protected days. Track a small set of outcomes. Use total sleep, restorative sleep or dream recall if available, morning clarity, afternoon energy and exercise quality. Optional wearable metrics include recovery, HRV and resting heart rate. This is where you have to notice what you see from this ONE change. It might be obvious like mine—I noticed that extra time led to a dream that I could recall. Review the pattern—not the best night. Compare at least one or two weeks of early mornings with sleep-protected mornings. Look for a repeatable combination that supports both recovery and movement. The patterns will reveal whether the ONE thing you changed made a difference for you. If you do use a wearable, remember that sleep stages are estimates. Use the device to compare patterns under similar conditions, not to diagnose a sleep disorder or chase a perfect stage score. KEY QUESTION: Can I preserve the benefits of movement without repeatedly borrowing the time my brain and body need for recovery? A Bigger Experiment Is Still Underway I have also removed one significant sleep disruptor and am tracking what happens to my REM, sleep stress, HRV, resting heart rate and recovery. I do not want to draw conclusions too early. I want enough data to distinguish a temporary response from a genuine physiological shift, so I will return to that experiment in a future episode. For now, the question is narrower: how can I protect restorative sleep while continuing to live an active life? Review To review and conclude this week's BONUS EP 4, let's bring the four lessons—and the data—together. Lesson 1: Restorative Sleep Contains Two Stories Restorative sleep combines two important stages: Deep sleep and REM sleep. Deep sleep supports physical restoration and adaptation. REM supports emotional processing, memory integration, cognitive flexibility and creative association. We need both. Every morning, I look at my restorative-sleep total and hope it is closer to three hours than two. But this episode taught me not to stop at that combined number. The total gives me the overview. Deep sleep and REM tell me how that restoration was distributed. And REM is personally meaningful to me for another reason: I have recorded my dreams for years. Dream recall does not provide a literal interpretation of everything happening in my life. But it gives me a qualitative record of the emotions, experiences, problems and ideas my mind may still be processing. So Lesson 1 is: Restorative sleep is not one number. It contains the story of how the body restores—and how the brain integrates. Lesson 2: My Data Revealed a Duration Gap Over the past six months, my average restorative sleep has been two hours and 43 minutes. My recent REM has represented approximately 20% of my total sleep—a percentage that may appear reasonable. But when I looked at duration rather than percentage, I discovered that my recent REM was approximately 17–19 minutes below my lifetime average. REM percentage and REM duration answer different questions. Percentage tells me how my sleep was distributed. Duration tells me how much actual time my brain spent in that stage. That distinction matters because someone can have a reasonable REM percentage but still receive less total REM when the overall sleep window is shortened. So Lesson 2 is: A percentage can look healthy while duration still reveals a gap. This is why personal baselines are so valuable. Our trends help us identify the question we need to investigate. Lesson 3: The 4:00 AM Wake Time Creates a Tradeoff My data led me to examine my 4:00 AM wake time. Waking at 4:00 does not mean I am losing two hours of REM. It means I may be giving up two hours of total sleep opportunity—time that could contain approximately one to one-and-a-half later, more REM-rich sleep cycles. Then, while I was preparing this episode, I received an early clue. When I slept just 21 minutes longer—waking at 4:21 instead of 4:00—my restorative sleep reached three hours and two minutes. That included one hour and seven minutes of deep sleep and one hour and 55 minutes of REM—approximately 35 minutes more REM than my recent 30-day average. I also remembered my dream and added it to my dream log. Twenty-one additional minutes cannot explain the entire 35-minute difference, and one night does not prove causation. But the graph showed a substantial REM period close to the end of my sleep window. That gave me a clue worth investigating: My 4:00 AM wake time may sometimes interrupt a REM period that is already underway. So Lesson 3 is: The final portion of sleep may be more valuable than its length makes it appear. This does not mean that 4:21 is a magical wake time. It means that a small extension may sometimes allow the brain to finish a cycle that an earlier wake time would interrupt. Dr. Huberman, and Dr. Holmes offered tips to stay in bed longer, to capture REM rich sleep time. Lesson 4: Build a Rhythm, Not a Perfect Day My early-morning hikes provide cardiovascular conditioning, time outside, morning light, mental clarity and emotional regulation. They support my health. They also make me happy. The remedy is not to stop exercising and become miserable. The remedy is to protect sleep as well as I realistically can and arrange movement around a more complete sleep window. That might mean saving selected mornings for longer sleep. It might mean moving later on non-hiking days. It might mean moving bedtime earlier when possible. And it might mean shortening a workout when sleep has been limited. The goal is not to maximize sleep or exercise in isolation. It is to create a sustainable weekly rhythm in which both can happen. So Lesson 4 is: The best routine is not the one that produces a perfect number. It is the one that allows the whole system to work. Now let me ask you: Do you know how much restorative sleep you receive? Do you look beyond the total and examine both deep sleep and REM? Are you tracking percentages—or actual duration? Does your schedule give you enough sleep opportunity? And could one healthy behavior in your life be unintentionally competing with another? My restorative-sleep average gave me the overview. My REM duration revealed the tension. My 4:00 AM wake time created the hypothesis. My additional 21 minutes gave me an early clue. My next step is to test a better rhythm. That is what measurement is supposed to do. Not judge us. Not pressure us to produce a perfect number. Guide us toward a better decision. I hope this deeper look at restorative sleep encourages you to identify one small experiment of your own—not to chase a perfect number, but to discover the rhythm that helps you learn, adapt and perform at your best. We'll see you next time as we return to Dr. John Medina's work—not to repeat what we have already learned about attention, but to answer the next question in the Movement Loop: once movement activates the brain, how does attention determine what becomes learning? From there, we'll revisit Jason Wittrock's work through a new lens: how metabolic health, nutrition and energy availability help the brain and body sustain movement, recovery and performance. Resources and Episode Pathway Phase 1: Regulation & Safety The Foundation Core Question: Is the nervous system safe enough to learn? Everything begins with regulation. Before we can focus, learn, lead, or perform, the brain first asks one fundamental question: Am I safe? Throughout Phase 1, our guests showed us that regulation isn't simply about reducing stress—it's about creating the biological conditions that allow the brain to learn, adapt, and thrive. Together we explored: Baland Jalal – how sleep, curiosity, imagination, and creativity prepare the brain for learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/ Dr. Bruce Perry – why regulation, rhythm, and relationships form the foundation of every healthy nervous system. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/safety-first-why-a-regulated-brain-is-the-key-to-learning/ Dr. Sui Wong – how lifestyle medicine and autonomic balance build lifelong brain resilience. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/your-eyes-the-brain-s-early-warning-system/ Rohan Dixit – how heart rate variability gives us real-time feedback on our ability to regulate stress. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/breathe-to-reset-how-hrv-tech-reveals-hidden-stress/ Dr. Kristen Holmes – how recovery metrics reveal our physiological readiness to perform. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/kristen-holmes-from-whoopcom-on-unlocking-a-better-you-measuring-sleep-recovery-and-strain/ Dr. Antonio Zadra – how sleep and dreaming consolidate memories, regulate emotions, and generate insight. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/when-brains-dream-how-sleep-integrates-emotion-insight-and-creativity/ Together these conversations taught us that sleep and stress regulation aren't optional—they're the operating system that allows every higher brain function to work. Phase 2: Motivation & Neurochemistry The Direction Core Question: What moves us into action? Once the brain feels safe, it becomes ready to pursue goals. In Phase 2, we explored the internal chemistry that transforms intention into action. Our experts helped us understand that sustainable motivation isn't about willpower—it's about aligning our beliefs, thoughts, attention, energy, and movement. Together we discovered: Bob Proctor — our beliefs determine the direction of our lives. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/belief-first-the-neuroscience-of-motivation/ Dr. Carolyn Leaf — our thinking literally changes our brain chemistry. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/thoughts-as-biology-how-your-mind-shapes-neurochemistry/ Dr. John Medina — attention determines what the brain encodes and remembers. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/theory-of-mind-the-missing-link-between-attention-reward-and-motivation Dr. Anna Lembke- Dopamine, Motivation and Why the Brain Repeats Behavior https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/dopamine-nation-the-pleasure%e2%80%93pain-balance-that-drives-motivation/ Dr. Friederike Fabritius — managing our energy allows high performance to become sustainable. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/fun-fear-focus-closing-the-motivation-loop/ Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — movement activates the brain, preparing it to learn. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/move-to-learn-how-movement-activates-the-brain-and-fuels-motivation/ By the end of Phase 2, we introduced what became The Motivation Loop, showing how beliefs influence thoughts, thoughts influence actions, actions create results, and results reinforce future beliefs. Phase 3: Movement, Learning & Human Performance The Transformation Core Question: How does movement change the brain—and how does recovery transform that change into performance? Now we're taking the next step. Phase 3 builds on everything we've learned so far. If Phase 1 created a regulated nervous system... If Phase 2 created motivation and direction... Phase 3 explains how the brain and body actually become stronger. Together we've explored this process through conversations with: Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — why movement activates the brain before learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ Dr. John Ratey — how exercise builds a healthier, younger brain. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-matters-how-every-move-rewires-the-brain/ Dr. Kristen Holmes — why recovery determines adaptation and readiness. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-isnt-enough-how-recovery-drives-real-adaptation Dr. John Medina — how attention transforms movement into lasting learning. Jason Whitrock — how metabolism and cellular energy fuel long-term performance. WHERE WE ARE GOING NEXT Phase 4 — Connection, Emotion & Social Intelligence The Human System Core Question: How do we thrive with other people? The brain didn't evolve in isolation—it evolved through relationships. In Phase 4, we'll explore emotional intelligence, empathy, communication, trust, leadership, and psychological safety to understand how our relationships shape learning, well-being, and performance. Phase 5 — Integration & Human Performance The Complete System Core Question: How do all the systems work together? In our final phase, we'll bring everything together—regulation, motivation, movement, emotion, relationships, learning, and recovery—into one integrated framework. We'll discover how these systems work together to create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. Selected Sleep References “What Is Restorative Sleep?” https://www.whoop.com/us/en/thelocker/what-is-restorative-sleep/ Patel AK, Reddy V, Shumway KR, Araujo JF. “Physiology, Sleep Stages.” StatPearls/NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526132/ Goldstein AN, Walker MP. “The Role of Sleep in Emotional Brain Function.” Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4286245/ Paller KA, Creery JD, Schechtman E. “Memory and Sleep: How Sleep Cognition Can Change the Waking Mind for the Better.” Annual Review of Psychology. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7983127/ REFERENCES: [i]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 141 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/brain-fact-friday-on-neurogenesis-what-hurts-or-helps-your-brain-cells/ [ii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 384 Review of our Interview with Dr. Baland Jalal https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/ [iii] www.masterclass.com Mathew Walker The Science of a Better Sleep [iv] https://www.instagram.com/p/DbO7dKLO-c8/?hl=en Dr. Andrew Huberman on ways to increase REM sleep.
On this week's episode of the WHOOP Podcast, WHOOP Founder and CEO Will Ahmed sits down with WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist Dr. Kristen Holmes to discuss her new book, Aligned, and what it takes to build a more resilient nervous system. Drawing on her journey from elite athlete to championship-winning coach, researcher, and human performance expert, Dr. Holmes shares what she's learned about the connection between recovery, resilience, and sustained performance. Will and Dr. Holmes explore why the time spent away from your craft can be just as important as the work itself, how sleep consistency and HRV can provide insight into the health of your nervous system, and why balancing stress with adequate recovery is critical for performing at your best. Dr. Holmes also breaks down her HEAL framework, explores how trauma and an outcome-driven mindset can shape our behaviors, and shares practical strategies for building greater agency, resilience, and alignment in everyday life.Buy Aligned by Dr. Kristen HolmesShop Meridian by WHOOP(00:00) Trailer (00:55) Introduction to Aligned by Dr. Kristen Holmes(02:25) How A Healthy Nervous System Promotes Healthy Aging(05:31) Impact of Childhood Trauma on High Performers(08:22) 70% of Americans Experience Trauma(10:15) Why Recovery Matters More Than You Think(16:17) Kristen's Collegiate Coaching Experience(22:07) What Overworking and Overtraining Looks Like(26:44) Importance of Sleep Consistency(30:17) The HEAL FrameworkSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInBuy Aligned by Dr. Kristen Holmes: Follow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
Send us Fan MailWhat does it really take to build a career in professional sport?This week on Leave Your Mark, I sit down with strength and conditioning coach Jason Martin as he prepares to begin a new chapter as Head Strength and Conditioning Coach with the Toronto Maple Leafs.Jason's path began early, earning his first training certification at just 16 before completing his Physical Education degree at McGill University. His career would eventually take him through CrossFit, professional tennis, Major League Baseball, more than a decade of working with hockey players, and three seasons in player development with the Pittsburgh Penguins.But this conversation is about much more than Jason's résumé.We talk about the influence of mentorship, particularly his relationship with Andy O'Brien, and why experience can't simply be replaced by collecting certifications. Jason shares his thoughts on asking for feedback, recognizing your limitations, building genuine relationships, and allowing a career to develop without trying to engineer every next step.We also dig into one of the most important challenges of working in professional sport: earning the trust of athletes who didn't necessarily choose you to work with them.Jason's philosophy is refreshingly simple. Ask questions. Listen. Understand what the athlete needs. Be good to people. Do quality work. And give trust the time it needs to develop.A great conversation about coaching, mentorship, relationships, experience, and the long game of building a meaningful career in high performance.If you liked this EP, please take the time to rate and comment, share with a friend, and connect with us on social channels IG @Kingopain, TW @BuiltbyScott, LI+FB Scott Livingston. You can find all things LYM at www.LYMLab.com, download your free Life Lab Starter Kit today and get busy living https://lymlab.com/free-lym-lab-starter/Please take the time to visit and connect with our sponsors, they are an essential part of our success:www.ReconditioningHQ.comwww.FreePainGuide.com
This week I'm joined by Dr Jack Kreindler, physician, healthtech entrepreneur and founder of WellFounded Health and the Centre for Health and Human Performance, and someone who has spent 26 years asking one of the most important questions in medicine, what does it mean to not just fix disease, but to truly enhance human life?We explore longevity, prevention, performance and what the most advanced medicine in the world is learning about how to live well for longer.Dr Jack Kreindler qualified in medicine and physiology from University College London and spent a decade as an emergency physician before founding the Centre for Health and Human Performance in Harley Street in 2007. He is an honorary clinical research fellow at Imperial College London, founder and CEO of WellFounded Health and a leading voice on healthy longevity, human performance and the future of medicine. He has worked with elite athletes, extreme environment explorers and high performance executives across the world.What we explore together:Why medicine is shifting from fixing disease to enhancing physiology and what that means for youWhat burning the candle at three ends is actually doing to your brain and bodyWhy cadence is king and how everything in nature and biology moves in wavesWhat the most advanced health testing actually looks like and what it tells usThe truth about longevity supplements, peptides and biohacking and who they actually work forWhy your history is still the most powerful diagnostic tool ever inventedWhat it really means to enhance a human life rather than just extend itLove, Sarah Ann
What if healthcare wasn't just about treating disease—but helping people become the strongest, healthiest, most vibrant version of themselves?In this fascinating and forward-thinking episode, I sit down with John Goldman, Human Performance Advocate, visionary in Precision Medicine, and Founder & CEO of Rebel Health Alliance.John shares why he rebelled against the traditional healthcare system and created a revolutionary parallel healthcare model focused on prevention, optimization, and coordinated personalized care. Instead of waiting until people get sick, Rebel Health Alliance is designed to help individuals proactively improve their health, energy, resilience, and quality of life through data-driven, highly personalized support.We explore how modern lifestyles are quietly making many people sick and overweight—and why small daily habits, consistency, structure, and proactive health choices can dramatically transform our future.John explains how Rebel Health Alliance combines cutting-edge diagnostic technology with a carefully curated team of experts—including doctors, strength coaches, dieticians, and epigenetic counselors—all coordinated around the individual. Through virtual care, members gain convenient access to personalized support through text, voice, and video while keeping costs more affordable than traditional healthcare models.One of the most inspiring moments in the conversation is when John shares his personal goal of becoming a “bad ass grandpa”—living a long, healthy, energetic life filled with vitality and purpose. His mission is not simply helping people avoid illness, but helping them truly thrive.We also discuss:Why prevention matters more than waiting for diseaseThe limitations of insurance-based healthcareThe importance of discipline and daily habitsRebuilding energy, focus, and resiliencePrecision medicine and personalized careThe role of accountability and support in long-term transformationCost-sharing options for unexpected medical emergenciesWhy health optimization should feel personal and human—not transactionalJohn's passion for empowering people to take ownership of their health is contagious, and this episode offers hope for anyone searching for a more proactive and personalized approach to wellness.You can learn more about John and Rebel Health Alliance at: Rebel Health Alliance WebsiteConnect with John on social media:Twitter/X @JohnGoldmanInstagramLinkedInIf you enjoyed this episode, please share it with someone who is ready to take a proactive approach to their health and future.Listen, Share, and SupportIf this episode resonated with you, please share it with someone who may need hope today.Be sure to subscribe, leave a rating and review, and help us spread more healing and inspiration to the world.Free Resource for HealingIf you're ready to release stress, calm your mind, and begin healing from within, visit:
In episode 194, we sit down with Scott Charland and Laura Sirot, two Democrats challenging red Ohio Senate districts, to talk about the issues driving their campaigns and what success looks like to them.Scott Charland is running for Ohio Senate District 19 which includes Delaware, Coshocton, Holmes, and Knox Counties. Scott received his bachelor's degree from Florida State University and his master's degree in Education from the University of Alabama- Birmingham. Scott is a former national and state champion powerlifter and has been a strength and conditioning coach for over 25 years. He currently works in health care as a Manager of Human Performance.Scott is running to make Ohio's public schools stronger, to implement stronger protection of Ohio's natural resources, and to enact strong working class economic policies. Scott believes that politicians have lost sight of who they should really be serving, the working class and underrepresented, and have instead focused almost entirely on helping the wealthy and large corporations.Scott is active in the community and serves on the Orange Township Parks Advisory Committee and is an active volunteer for the Ohio Nature Conservancy, Columbus and Franklin County Metro Parks, Friends of the Lower Olentangy (FLOW) and the American Red Cross.Scott and his wife Tonya have been married 25 years and have a son who attends Ohio State University and a daughter in the Olentangy School District.Scott's Resources: * Campaign Website* Social Media:* Instagram* FacebookLaura Sirot is running for State Senate in District 31 which includes Wooster, New Philadelphia and Zanesville, and parts of Massillon and Cambridge. She lives in Wooster, Ohio with her husband, Pete, and their two sons. She is a professor of Biology at The College of Wooster and has worked and lived in Wooster for the past 16 years. Her research mainly relates to understanding the reproductive biology of insect vectors of human pathogens and agricultural pests.Laura is very involved in her local community in the areas of children and family services, sustainability, animal rescue, and science communication. She is co-founder and co-coordinator of the Wooster Science Café (now in its 14th year) which is a monthly forum for discussing science-related issues of public interest. She has been a foster parent for Wayne County Children Services and adopted a child through foster care. She continues to serve Wayne County Children Services as a Board member and through mentoring families and children. She has created programs for local animal rescue agencies, such as the K9 coach program where she trains students to work with recent adopters of dogs on common behavioral issues to decrease the number of returned dogs. She is very passionate about making Ohio and the world a safer place for current and future generations.Laura's Resources:* Campaign Website* Social Media:* Instagram* FacebookWe're bringing together digital creators from across the state to build a powerful digital organizing network called Ohio Creators for Progress. Support and donate to this effort below! ⬇️Connect with United SHE Stands:* Substack* Instagram* TikTok* YouTube* Threads* Buy us a coffee ☕️This episode was edited by Kevin Tanner. Learn more about him and his services here:* Website* Instagram This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.unitedshestands.com/subscribe
NASM Master Instructor Roundtable: A Show for Personal Trainers
The main question this episode answers is: What is the LESS (Landing Error Scoring System) test, and how can fitness professionals use its research-based assessment to reduce ACL injury risk in clients, especially when considering anticipated versus unanticipated movement? The LESS test is a movement assessment that helps identify lower extremity dysfunction and ACL injury risk by evaluating how clients land from a jump, whether they know what to expect (anticipated) or are reacting to new stimuli (unanticipated). NASM experts Wendy Batts and Marty Miller break down recent, peer-reviewed NASM research from the open-access Journal of Fitness, Wellness, and Human Performance to demonstrate how to accurately use the LESS test with athletes and everyday clients. This “Master Instructor Roundtable” guides listeners through the test's setup, scoring system, practical applications, and the science supporting both anticipated and unanticipated testing situations. Listeners will learn how to integrate this assessment safely, score it correctly using video, and interpret results to inform program design that decreases ACL and other lower limb injury risks. By the end of the episode, fitness professionals will be equipped to decide when and how to use the LESS test and adapt their programs for better, safer movement performance. Chapters: 00:00:05 What is the LESS test and why is it important for injury risk?00:01:43 How does the LESS assess lower extremity function for athletes and non-athletes? 00:03:12 Why is power training and assessment needed for all clients?00:05:18 How is the LESS test set up and what exactly does it measure?00:08:13 What are the preconditions for using the LESS safely and effectively? 00:09:05 Who developed and validated the LESS and what is its research foundation? 00:14:55 What is the difference between anticipated and unanticipated LESS testing? 00:16:30 How does the LESS test scoring system work and what do scores mean? 00:22:31 Why does unanticipated movement increase ACL injury risk according to the research? 00:26:38 How can trainers use LESS results to design better injury-prevention programs? 00:33:59 What practical strategies can I use to apply LESS research in my client sessions? 00:34:16 What types of unanticipated reactive training can reduce real-life injury risk? Show References: Hewett, T. E., Myer, G. D., Ford, K. R., Heidt, R. S., Jr, Colosimo, A. J., McLean, S. G., van den Bogert, A. J., Paterno, M. V., & Succop, P. (2005). Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 33(4), 492–501. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546504269591 Padua D.A, DiStefano L.J, Beutler A.I, de la Motte S.J, DiStefano M.J, Marshall S.W. (2015). The Landing error scoring system as a screening tool for an anterior cruciate ligament injury-prevention program in elite-youth soccer athletes. Journal of Athletic Training, 50(6), 589-595. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-50.1.10 Silvers-Granelli, H. J., Bizzini, M., Arundale, A., Mandelbaum, B. R., & Snyder-Mackler, L. (2017). Does the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program reduce the incidence of acl injury in male soccer players? Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 475(10), 2447-2455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-017-5342-5 If you like what you just consumed, leave us a 5-star review, and share this episode with a friend to help grow our NASM health and wellness community! The content shared in this podcast is solely for educational and entertainment purposes. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek out the guidance of your healthcare provider or other qualified professional. Any opinions expressed by guests and hosts are their own and do not necessarily reflect the views of NASM. Introducing NASM One, the membership for trainers and coaches. For just $35/mo, get unlimited access to over 300 continuing education courses, 50% off additional certifications and specializations, EDGE Trainer Pro all-in-one coaching app to grow your business, unlimited exam attempts and select waived fees. Stay on top of your game and ahead of the curve as a fitness professional with NASM One. Click here to learn more. https://bit.ly/4ddsgrm
Andrea Samadi shares her personal resting heart rate data to show why measuring over time matters more than fixating on a single score. She explains how trends reveal stress, recovery, and adaptation, and why comparing yourself to your own baseline is the most useful approach. Learn practical steps to measure consistently, contextualize changes, experiment with one behavior, and use your physiological data to make intentional improvements in sleep, recovery, and performance. BONUS EPISODE 3: ON THIS EPISODE, WE'LL COVER ✔ What resting heart rate can reveal about stress, recovery, and adaptation over time ✔ The story hidden in my own data — from a high of 57 bpm in February to 53 bpm in August ✔ Why the six-month trend matters — and what my 2% lower average may be telling me ✔ How stress and training load can show up in your physiology before you consciously recognize it ✔ Why recovery and nervous-system regulation matter for building a more resilient baseline ✔ How to find your own RHR baseline instead of comparing yourself with someone else ✔ How to look for deviations and patterns across weeks and months—not individual days ✔ How to connect RHR with sleep, HRV, recovery, training, stress, and life events ✔ How to run your own personal experiment: change one variable, measure, and see what happens ✔ The bigger lesson: What gets measured over time can reveal a story you couldn't see day to day. Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast, where we bridge neuroscience, social and emotional learning, and human performance so we can create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. I'm Andrea Samadi, and if you've been following along through Season 16, you'll know that we've been building what I call The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a neuroscience-based framework designed to help us understand how the different systems of the brain and body work together to influence how we learn, adapt, connect, lead, and ultimately how we perform. We are currently in Phase 3 where we are covering Movement, Learning and Cognition. If you just finished Episode 405[i] with Dr. Kristen Holmes, you know we've been looking at recovery as an essential part of our Movement Loop. Movement → Brain Activation → Attention → Learning → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity. And Kristen's work has reinforced something I've learned after years of tracking my own physiology: What gets measured gets improved. But this week, I wanted to dive into my own personal data to show us something I think is easy to miss: Sometimes what gets measured over time reveals a story you simply couldn't see day to day. When we're looking at a wearable every morning, it's easy to become focused on today's number. Today's recovery score. Today's HRV. Today's resting heart rate. Was it higher? Was it lower? But one number—or even one week—rarely tells us very much about the direction we're actually moving. It's when we begin to zoom out that patterns emerge. And that's exactly what happened when I looked more closely at my resting heart rate this year. What initially looked like a collection of numbers began to tell a much bigger story about stress, recovery, consistency, and adaptation. So my hope for this episode isn't that you compare your resting heart rate to mine. Your numbers will be different. My hope is that this episode encourages you to become curious about your own data. Maybe you track sleep. Maybe it's HRV. Resting heart rate. Recovery. Exercise. Blood pressure. Steps. Or even something as simple as your energy, mood, or ability to focus. Take one metric and zoom out. Look at three months. Six months. Maybe even a year. And instead of asking, “Is today's number good or bad?” Ask a different question: “What is the trend that I'm seeing here, trying to tell me?” Is something improving? Is something slowly moving in the wrong direction? Does your physiology change during periods of higher stress? (like you will see mine did). Can you see what happens when you sleep more consistently, exercise differently, recover better, or change one habit? Because sometimes the most valuable insight isn't found in today's score. It's hidden in the pattern. And once you can see the pattern, you have information you can actually use. That's really the purpose of sharing my personal data with you today. Not to say, “Here's what worked for me, so you should do exactly the same thing.” But to show you what can happen when we become students of our own physiology. We measure. Find the tool that works best for you. We notice. Patterns…ups and downs. We experiment. We become intentional with our behaviors to change/improve the numbers. We adjust and try something new/different. And then we measure again. Because ultimately, what gets measured gets improved—but what gets measured over time can reveal the story that you tell you more than just a bunch of numbers. And sometimes that story shows us exactly where our next opportunity for change might be. And that's exactly what happened with my resting heart rate. Earlier this year, I watched my monthly average climb to 56...and then 57 beats per minute. You can see my data in the show notes. Sept and October were even, at 54, and then something happened in November that took my RHR up, and it kept climbing. I know what was happening in those months to cause the increase. And I went all out to protect my recovery. I worked on rest, hydration, extra exercise, and recovery sessions. Then it began coming down. in March 54 in April 53 The 56 in May isn't the most accurate representation of what was happening with my data, as we travelled internationally and there were 5 days my whoop didn't calculate my score correctly (something to do with the change in time zones) so I'm not going to say that I was stressed out during a relaxing vacation. But something happened that caught my attention. You can see it with the graphics in the show notes. My newest six-month WHOOP average dropped from 55 to 54 beats per minute—2% lower than the previous six months. This NEW result was highlighted in GREEN for me to notice the improvement. For the first time in this story, the baseline itself had moved. And that's what we're going to dive into today. Because this episode isn't really about whether 53 is a good resting heart rate. It's about something much more useful: Do you know your baseline with YOUR RHR—and do you know which direction it's moving? Even better, if you can forsee that it will be moving up, like I knew it was going to in January/February, do you have strategies in place to buffer the stress, and keep this number as close as you can to your baseline? Let's dive into this bonus episode. The Story Behind My Resting Heart Rate: Do You Know Yours? There's a number I've been watching for the past year. I watched it raise higher (when I'm stressed) and go lower when I'm doing all the right things to rest and recover. When I zoom out and look at this number over the past year, it tells a fascinating story about my fitness, recovery, stress, and the way my body is adapting. That number is my resting heart rate. And today I want to ask you: Do you know yours? Because one of the biggest lessons I've learned from nearly five years of tracking my physiology is something we've talked about throughout this podcast: What gets measured gets improved. But I think I need to add something to that. What gets measured over time reveals the story. And my newest data makes that clearer than ever. PART 1 — WHAT IS RESTING HEART RATE? Resting heart rate, or RHR, is simply the number of times your heart beats per minute while your body is at rest. Normal Ranges and Fitness[ii] Average adults: 60 to 100 bpm. Active adults: 55 to 85 bpm. Athletes: 40 to 60 bpm, because their heart muscle is strong and pumps blood with ease For adults, resting heart rate varies considerably between individuals. Fitness, genetics, age, sleep, stress, illness, medications, hydration, alcohol, temperature and training load can all influence it. So I'm not interested in comparing my resting heart rate with someone else's. I'm interested in comparing me with me. That's where wearable data becomes useful. Instead of asking: “Is 53 good?” I'm asking: “What is happening to my baseline over time?” And that distinction matters. PART 2 — MY RHR STORY BEGAN WITH A RISE When I first looked at this data, I focused on January and February. My monthly resting heart rate had climbed: January: 56 bpm. February: 57 bpm. Those numbers weren't alarming. I was experiencing higher levels of stress than usual at that time, and I was even prepared for the stress. But relative to my baseline, (55 bpm) the rise caught my attention. And that's an important distinction. A wearable isn't diagnosing why something happened. It can't look at 57 and tell me: “Andrea, this is stress.” But it can show me that something has changed. Then I can look at the rest of my life. How am I sleeping? How am I training? What's my stress level? Am I recovering? What has changed? That's when data becomes feedback. I was ready to implement some stress reduction strategies to get my RHR and nervous system back to its baseline. PART 3 — THEN THE PATTERN CHANGED After February, here's what happened: March: 54. April: 53. May: 56 (International Trip impacted this data) June: 53. July: 55. August: 53. And I love this part of the story because it wasn't a perfectly straight line. My RHR didn't simply go: 57...56...55...54...53. Real physiology rarely works like that. There were fluctuations. May went back to 56. July went to 55. But my resting heart rate kept returning to 53. April: 53. June: 53. August: 53. That's when I began wondering whether I was seeing something more meaningful than a few good months. And now I have another piece of evidence. PART 4 — THE NEW SIX-MONTH RESULT My newest WHOOP six-month report covers February 23 through August 21, 2026. And this is where the story gets interesting. My previous six-month average resting heart rate was: 55 bpm. My newest six-month average is: 54 bpm. WHOOP shows that as: 2% lower than the previous six months. One beat per minute doesn't sound dramatic. But I'm not looking for dramatic. I'm looking for adaptation. Something to show me that my body responded to the extra recovery that I was implementing to buffer the higher stress. For the first time in this particular story, the six-month average itself has moved down. And that means I'm no longer looking only at a few isolated low readings. The trend is beginning to move. PART 5 — THE AVERAGE WAS HIDING THE STORY This may be my favorite lesson from this entire experiment. Earlier, when I looked at a different six-month window, my average RHR was 55 bpm. And the previous six months? Also 55. If I had stopped there, I could have concluded: Nothing changed. But underneath that average was a changing pattern. My RHR had risen to 57 in February. This makes sense to me when I glance at the data. Then it repeatedly returned to 53 with my focus being on rest/recovery. And eventually the rolling six-month average moved from 55 to 54. This is why one measurement rarely tells the whole story. Trends matter. And sometimes your body is changing before the average catches up. PART 6 — 57 TO 53 There's another way to look at the data. February was my highest monthly average in this January–August period: 57 bpm. August is: 53 bpm. That's approximately 7% lower than that February high. I want to be careful with this number because I'm comparing two monthly endpoints—not two six-month averages. So I wouldn't call this a 7% improvement in my overall cardiovascular health. But it is another signal inside the larger pattern. What was happening in February? What is currently happening in August? And when multiple signals begin pointing in the same direction, (showing an improvement) I'm paying attention. PART 7 — WHAT CHANGED? This is where I think self-experimentation becomes powerful. I didn't respond to the higher numbers by simply exercising harder. I've spent this year becoming much more intentional about recovery and regulation. Sleep. Daily movement. Zone 2 work. Meditation. Hydration. Infrared sauna. Red-light therapy. Paying attention to training strain. And increasingly, listening to what my physiology is telling me instead of automatically pushing through fatigue. I've also been experimenting with removing alcohol at different times this year, and the changes I've seen in recovery, HRV, sleep stress and resting heart rate have given me another variable to continue watching. I can't take this dataset and say: “This one behavior caused my RHR to fall.” There are too many variables. But I can say: The environment surrounding my physiology changed—and my trend changed with it. That's worth paying attention to. PART 8 — WHY DOES A LOWER RHR MATTER? In many people, particularly when associated with aerobic fitness, a lower resting heart rate can reflect a heart that is able to pump blood efficiently with fewer beats at rest. Training can increase stroke volume—the amount of blood pumped with each heartbeat. That means the heart may not need to beat as frequently to deliver the same cardiac output at rest. Autonomic regulation also plays a role. The sympathetic nervous system helps mobilize us for action. The parasympathetic nervous system supports rest-and-recovery processes. Resting heart rate reflects influences from both, along with many other physiological factors. That's why I don't view RHR as a standalone score. I view it as one piece of my physiological dashboard. RHR. HRV. Sleep. Recovery. Training load. And, most importantly: How I actually feel. PART 9 — THIS CONNECTS DIRECTLY TO THE MOVEMENT LOOP Remember the Movement Loop we've been building in Phase 3: Movement → Brain Activation → Attention → Learning → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity. My RHR data brings us directly back to the part of the loop I don't want us to overlook: Recovery → Adaptation. Exercise provides the stimulus. But we don't become fitter during the stimulus itself. The body needs an opportunity to respond to that stimulus. To repair. To replenish. To adapt. And eventually, that adaptation may become visible in our trends. That's why recovery isn't the opposite of performance. Recovery is part of the process that makes performance possible. PART 10 — THE BIGGER LESSON This episode isn't really about whether your resting heart rate should be 53. Mine doesn't need to be yours. Your number might be completely different. The question is: Do you know your baseline? And more importantly: Do you know which direction it's moving? What increases it? What decreases it? Because your physiology is constantly responding to the way you're living. Training. Sleeping. Recovering. Working. Traveling. Eating. Drinking. Managing stress. And sometimes those changes are happening quietly beneath the surface. Until you measure them. PART 11 — HOW TO IMPLEMENT THIS IN YOUR OWN LIFE So now I want to turn this over to you. I've shown you my resting heart rate story. What's yours? And you don't need five years of WHOOP data to begin looking for it. You just need enough information to establish your baseline, and then you need to become curious about what causes that baseline to change. Here's how I would start. STEP 1 — FIND A WAY TO MEASURE YOUR RESTING HEART RATE CONSISTENTLY First, find the measurement tool that works for you. Maybe that's WHOOP. Maybe it's an Apple Watch, Garmin, Oura Ring, Fitbit, or another wearable. Or maybe you're tracking your resting heart rate another way. The specific device isn't the most important part of this experiment. You can even just count your pulse beats that you get in one minute while resting. Just stay consistent as you measure. If you're going to look for a trend, you want to compare measurements collected under reasonably consistent conditions. We're not trying to find the lowest number we can possibly produce. We're trying to understand our normal pattern. STEP 2 — LEARN YOUR BASELINE Next, don't start by asking: “Is my resting heart rate good?” Start with: “What is normal for me?” Look at your data over time. If you have it, look at your last month. Then three months. Six months. And eventually a year. What number—or range—does your RHR tend to return to? For me, I knew that my baseline was somewhere around the mid-50s. That's why 56 and 57 caught my attention. Those numbers weren't necessarily concerning when compared with somebody else's resting heart rate. Someone else I know has a RHR of 80 and that's in the normal range. The higher scores mattered to me, because they represented a change from my baseline. That's the first lesson: Compare yourself with yourself. STEP 3 — LOOK FOR THE DEVIATIONS Once you understand your baseline, look for the places where your data moves away from it. Don't immediately label the change as good or bad. Just become curious. When did your RHR rise? When did it fall? Was it one unusual night? Several days? Several weeks? Or did your monthly average actually begin to move? This is where we stop looking at individual dots and begin looking for a pattern. STEP 4 — PUT YOUR LIFE NEXT TO YOUR DATA Now comes the part that I think is the most interesting. Take the RHR graph and mentally place your life beside it. Ask yourself: What was happening here? Was work unusually stressful? Were you traveling? Were you sleeping less? Were you sick? Had your training load increased? Were you drinking more—or less—alcohol? Had you changed your exercise routine? Were you recovering differently? What was happening emotionally? What was happening physically? This was important in interpreting my own data. When I saw my RHR increase in January and February, I knew what was happening in my life during those months. And when I saw May increase, I also had context: I had been traveling internationally, and I knew there were issues with several days of my wearable data. Context changes interpretation. A graph can show you what changed. Your life can help you investigate why. STEP 5 — LOOK AT MORE THAN ONE METRIC Here's another important point. Don't interpret resting heart rate completely by itself. Put it next to other information. What was happening with your HRV? Your sleep? Your recovery? Your training load? Your energy? Your stress? And most importantly: How did you feel? One metric gives us a clue. Multiple signals moving together can give us a much richer picture. Think of it as your own physiological dashboard. You're looking for relationships between the signals rather than allowing one number to define whether you're doing well. STEP 6 — CHOOSE ONE VARIABLE TO EXPERIMENT WITH Now we move from observation to action. Ask: “What is one behavior I could change consistently and then watch what happens?” Maybe it's getting to bed earlier. Maybe it's improving hydration. Adding more Zone 2 exercise. Building recovery days into your training. Meditating. Walking. Changing your alcohol intake. Or simply protecting more downtime during a stressful period. Choose something that's meaningful and realistic for you. Then give it time. This is important because we're not trying to manipulate tomorrow morning's score. We're trying to see whether consistent behavior begins to influence a trend. STEP 7 — MEASURE AGAIN And now we come back to the beginning. Measure. Notice. Experiment. Adjust. And measure again. You might even keep a very simple note beside your data: What changed this month? You could write: Higher workload. Travel. Better sleep. Started Zone 2. Stopped drinking alcohol. Illness. Vacation. More recovery. Over time, you begin creating something much more useful than a collection of numbers. You're creating a map of how your body responds to your life. DISCOVER YOUR RHR STORY So here's the experiment I want to leave you with. Pull up your resting heart rate data. And ask yourself these five questions: What is my baseline? When does my RHR move above or below that baseline? What was happening in my life when it changed? What other physiological signals moved with it? What is one behavior I could intentionally change and measure over time? Then zoom out. Don't judge yourself by tomorrow morning. Look for the story. Because the goal isn't to achieve somebody else's resting heart rate. The goal is to understand your own physiology well enough to recognize when something changes. And then have strategies available to respond. That's where measurement becomes useful. It moves us from simply collecting information... to using information to make better decisions. REVIEW — WHAT DID WE LEARN? Before we close, let's pull everything together. We started with one simple metric: resting heart rate. We learned that RHR tells us how many times our heart beats per minute while we're at rest—but the number becomes much more useful when we stop comparing ourselves with other people and begin comparing ourselves with ourselves. Then we looked at my own story. My RHR rose to: 56 bpm in January. And then: 57 bpm in February. Because I understood what was happening in my life at the time, those increases gave me information I could use. Rather than simply pushing harder, I became increasingly intentional about recovery. Then the pattern began to change. My RHR repeatedly returned toward 53. And eventually something even more interesting happened. My newest six-month average moved from: 55 bpm → 54 bpm. WHOOP identified that as: 2% lower than my previous six-month average. One beat per minute. Not dramatic. But that's exactly the point. We're not looking for dramatic. We're looking for patterns. We're looking for evidence that the system may be adapting over time. And that's why my biggest lesson from this experiment isn't: “My resting heart rate is 53.” It's: “I understand my resting heart rate better than I did before.” I know my baseline. I know some of the circumstances that push it higher. I'm beginning to understand some of the behaviors associated with it moving lower. And most importantly, I know to keep watching the trend. CONCLUSION — BECOME A STUDENT OF YOUR OWN PHYSIOLOGY This brings us back to something Dr. Kristen Holmes reinforced in Episode 405: What gets measured gets improved. But after looking at this data, I want to expand that idea. What gets measured gives us information. What gets measured consistently reveals patterns. And what gets measured over time can reveal a story. That's the opportunity I hope you take away from this episode. Become curious about your own physiology. Not obsessed with it. Not controlled by a score. Curious. Learn your baseline. Notice when something changes. Put that change into the context of your life. Experiment thoughtfully. And then zoom back out and see what happened. Because ultimately, we're not collecting data just to collect more data. We're trying to turn: Data → Awareness → Action → Adaptation. And that brings us right back to our Movement Loop: Movement → Brain Activation → Attention → Learning → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity. Your resting heart rate is only one metric. But it gives us a perfect example of what adaptation can look like when we stop staring at today's number and start paying attention to the larger pattern. So sometime after listening to this episode, open your own data. Go back three months. Six months. A year if you can. And ask yourself: “What story has my body been trying to tell me?” You might be surprised by what you find. COMING NEXT — BONUS EPISODE 4 And there's one part of my own physiological dashboard that I deliberately haven't explored deeply today. Sleep. Because recovery doesn't end when we stop exercising. Some of the most important recovery processes happen while we're asleep. So before we return to Dr. John Medina and move deeper into attention, learning, and cognition, I want to stay with the recovery side of our Movement Loop for one more bonus episode. In Bonus Episode 4, we're going to investigate restorative sleep. What exactly is restorative sleep? How can we measure it? What can our sleep data tell us? And perhaps most importantly: How can we use that information to improve the way we recover, adapt, and perform? We'll apply the same approach we used today. Not just: “How did I sleep last night?” But: “What story is my sleep telling me over time?” Because movement creates the stimulus. Recovery creates the opportunity to adapt. And sleep may be one of the most important places where that recovery takes place. I'll see you next time for Bonus Episode 4: The Story Behind My Restorative Sleep. REFERENCES [i]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 405 “Movement Isn't Enough: How Recovery Drives Adaptation” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-isnt-enough-how-recovery-drives-real-adaptation/ [ii] Health Direct “What is RHR?” https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/resting-heart-rate
Today's debrief Zero Limits Podcast host Matty Morris chat with Craig Hamburger former Australian Special Forces 2CDO episode 154.This debrief focuses on catch up, Human Performance and DA (Direct Action) Nile Afghanistan.These debriefs we touch base with a previous guest and check in on their lives and talk about anything and everything. Send us a text however note we cannot reply through these means. Please message the instagram or email if you are wanting a response. Support the showWebsite - www.zerolimitspodcast.comInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/zero.limits.podcast/?hl=enHost - Matty Morris www.instagram.com/matty.m.morrisFor the new Zero Limits Pre workout and creatine supplements head to link belowZero Limits Supplements - www.zerolimitssupplements.comSponsorsInstagram - @3zeroscoffee3 Zeros Coffee - www.3zeroscoffee.com.au10% Discount Code - 3ZLimitsInstagram - @getsome_auGetSome Jocko Fuel - www.getsome.com.au10% Discount Code - ZEROLIMITS
Jeff opens up the Krush Archives for a powerhouse conversation with Krush favorite Dr. Charles Samuels, Medical Director at the Centre for Sleep & Human Performance.
Metabolic health is far more nuanced than conventional nutrition advice suggests. On this week's episode of the WHOOP Podcast, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist Dr. Kristen Holmes sits down with Metabolic Health Expert Dr. Nick Norwitz MD PhD to discuss why curiosity is one of the most powerful tools for improving long-term health. Dr. Nick Norwitz shares how a ketogenic diet unexpectedly put his inflammatory bowel disease into remission after numerous conventional treatments had failed. This experimentation sparked a career dedicated to challenging assumptions with rigorous science and thoughtful self-experimentation. Together, Dr. Nick Norwitz and Dr. Kristen Holmes unpack the difference between "evidence-based" and truly individualized care. This episode continues to explore why muscle, sleep, and visceral fat play central roles in brain, heart, and metabolic health. From discussions on protein, the microbiome, and emerging therapies to Nick's famous Oreo-versus-statin experiment, the conversation encourages listeners to move beyond one-size-fits-all health advice, and partner with their healthcare providers to embrace safe, data-informed experimentation for a better understanding of their biology. Shownotes:(00:00) Trailer Intro(00:43) Who Is Dr. Nick Norwitz?(03:07) Nick's Personal Health Journey(08:29) Nutrition as a Medical Intervention(12:41) What Does “Evidence-Based” Care Really Mean?(16:42) The Key to Optimizing Your Health(19:17) Debunking Metabolic Health Myths(20:46) The Benefits of Training and Exercise(26:29) How Metabolism Affects Strength, Cardio, and Brain Health(30:03) How Does Sleep Impact Inflammation?(32:35) GLP-1s and Your Metabolism: What's Really Happening?(34:47) Nick's Take on Self-Experimentation(35:43) The Oreo vs. Statin Study(45:19) How to Burn Fat(49:43) Do We Really Need to Focus on Protein?(51:25) What Is Visceral Fat—and How Do You Lose It?(56:08) Why You Should Stay Curious About Your HealthResources:Fitness and aging (Nature Aging 2026); https://www.nature.com/articles/s43587-026-01150-x Visceral fat and resistant starch: (Nature Metabolism 2024): https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-024-00988-y Visceral fat and resistant starch, **YouTube Breakdown: https://youtu.be/wnEApLnKDRI Visceral fat and brain volume: (Nature Comm 2026): https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-71141-4 Leg power and longevity (twin study): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26551663/ 600-calorie exercise burn study (Nature Metabolism 2025): https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-025-01236-7 Microbiome and beige fat study (Nature 2026): https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10205-3 Oreo versus statin study: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38276308/Follow Nick Norwitz:WebsiteYouTubeInstagramXLinkedInSubstackSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInFollow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
Send us Fan MailWhat if one of the most important things we assess in healthcare is also one of the things we measure least objectively?This week on Leave Your Mark, I sit down with Dr. Ryan Comeau, chiropractor, former NCAA Division I hockey goaltender, founder of Kinetisense, and creator of the NeuroPlanar Method.Ryan's journey begins in sport, where years in the crease taught him about grit, adaptability, and the difference between quitting and pivoting. Injuries eventually changed the direction of his athletic career. Still, they also led him toward healthcare and a question that would ultimately shape his professional life: Why are we still assessing human movement primarily with our eyes and tools that have existed for centuries?That question led Ryan to build Kinetisense, a clinical-grade 3D markerless motion-capture platform designed to give practitioners objective movement data while augmenting, rather than replacing, clinical expertise.Our conversation explores Ryan's evolution from athlete to clinician to entrepreneur; the challenges of bringing new technology into healthcare; the NeuroPlanar Method; planar plasticity; early sport specialization; and what three-dimensional movement data can reveal that our eyes may miss.We also get into something I find particularly interesting: how objective technology might help us validate, challenge, and ultimately sharpen the clinical observations experienced practitioners have developed over decades.A fascinating conversation about movement, measurement, entrepreneurship, and the willingness to keep asking better questions.EnjoyIf you liked this EP, please take the time to rate and comment, share with a friend, and connect with us on social channels IG @Kingopain, TW @BuiltbyScott, LI+FB Scott Livingston. You can find all things LYM at www.LYMLab.com, download your free Life Lab Starter Kit today and get busy living https://lymlab.com/free-lym-lab-starter/Please take the time to visit and connect with our sponsors, they are an essential part of our success:www.ReconditioningHQ.comwww.FreePainGuide.com
What separates instruction from true coaching?In this thought-provoking conversation, Jay Doran sits down with educator, researcher, and performance coach Daniel Heller to explore what it really means to help people grow. Drawing from nearly two decades of experience coaching everyone from race car drivers and mountain bikers to hockey players and university students, Daniel reveals that performance isn't simply about mastering technique—it's about understanding the person behind it.What begins as an interview quickly becomes a live coaching session as Daniel helps Jay unpack a recent experience learning golf. Together, they uncover how fear, patience, confidence, and self-awareness influence not only physical performance but leadership, relationships, and everyday life. The conversation becomes a powerful demonstration of coaching in action rather than merely a discussion about it.In this episode, you'll discover:-The difference between teaching a skill and coaching a person-Why technique provides the foundation, but behavior determines performance-How curiosity fuels lifelong learning and personal development-The relationship between attention, patience, and mastery-Why reflection transforms experience into meaningful learning-How community accelerates growth in ways individual effort cannot-The role of psychological safety in unlocking better performance-Why the best coaches simplify complexity instead of adding more information-How vulnerability creates breakthroughs both on and off the fieldThroughout the episode, Daniel shares practical stories from coaching motorsports, hockey, mountain biking, and strength training while connecting them to universal principles of leadership and human behavior. His thoughtful approach reminds us that coaching is less about providing answers and more about creating the conditions for people to discover them for themselves.By the end of the conversation, Jay reflects on a surprising realization: the golf lesson he thought was about improving his swing was actually revealing deeper patterns about fear, confidence, and how he approaches challenges in life.It's a reminder that the greatest coaches don't simply improve performance, they expand awareness, and when awareness grows, performance naturally follows.
In this episode of Inside the GMAT, GMAC Zach sits down with Dr. Rodrigo Tello, MBA Program Manager at Oklahoma State University and a researcher studying chronobiology and circadian rhythms in organizational management. Rodrigo explains how our chronotypes—whether we naturally perform better earlier or later in the day—can affect focus, decision-making, learning, and even how managers respond to employee ideas. He also shares what his research has found about the "synchrony effect": what can happen when demanding tasks line up with the time of day your brain is naturally at its best. Then Zach and Rodrigo bring the science back to the GMAT. They discuss how to identify your own patterns, experiment with different study times, schedule prep around your strongest hours when possible, and think strategically about when to take the exam. As Rodrigo puts it: before studying for the GMAT, study yourself. They also explore what chronobiology could mean for business school, teamwork, leadership, and the way we design the modern workplace. About our guest: Dr. Rodrigo Tello is a Senior Program Manager, educator, and researcher with more than 14 years of experience in program management, including seven years in graduate business education (MBA). He holds three master's degrees, including a Master's in Health and Human Performance, and is a Mayo Clinic Certified Health and Wellness Coach. His research focuses on the intersection of chronobiology, leadership, and management, exploring how biological rhythms influence managerial behavior and decision-making. Passionate about health, wellness, and longevity, Rodrigo is particularly interested in connecting human performance and well-being with leadership and organizational performance. Outside of work and research, he enjoys traveling, biking, lifting, and staying active. Helpful resources: Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ): https://tinyurl.com/3ud6558a The Power of When by Dr. Michael Breus: https://a.co/d/0flfAD2b What's Your Chrontotype? Quiz: https://tinyurl.com/47bd3nav Register for the GMAT: https://www.mba.com/exams/gmat-exam/register Chapters: 00:00 Introduction to timing and biological clocks 01:09 Rodrigo's journey into wellness and chronobiology 04:39 The book The Power of When and its impact 07:03 Research on managers' chronotypes and responsiveness 08:53 Timing and decision-making in organizations 11:37 Practical applications beyond management 14:23 Personal experiences with study timing and energy levels 20:00 Implications for high-stakes testing like the GMAT 27:25 Societal and organizational shifts towards flexible timing 34:20 Applying chronobiology to MBA and professional development 41:17 Navigating chronobiology in professional settings 45:31 Future research and potential impacts
In this episode Andrea Samadi explores Phase 3 of the Brain's Operating System—movement, learning, and cognition—focusing on the recovery and adaptation side of the "movement loop." She revisits Dr. Kristen Holmes' insights on measuring strain, sleep, and recovery to show how movement provides the stimulus while recovery enables lasting adaptation and greater capacity. The episode offers practical steps: identify your stimulus, track recovery, find your weakest link, and use feedback to train smarter—not just harder—so measurement becomes a tool for meaningful change. IN EPISODE 405, WE WILL COVER: ✔ Why recovery is not the absence of work—it is where adaptation occurs → How recovery allows the brain and body to absorb stress and build greater capacity. ✔ Where Dr. Kristen Holmes fits into the Movement Loop → Movement creates the stimulus; recovery determines how effectively we adapt. ✔ Why measuring your data matters → What gets measured can be adjusted, repeated, and improved. ✔ How to identify your personal recovery patterns → Using sleep, HRV, resting heart rate, strain, stress, and daily behaviors to uncover what helps—or limits—your performance. ✔ Why your recovery formula is uniquely yours → The habits that improve one person's readiness may not produce the same results for someone else. ✔ How recovery helps create more predictable performance → When you understand your patterns, you can make better daily decisions instead of leaving your results to chance. ✔ How repeated behaviors become adaptation → Measure → Adjust → Repeat → Recover → Adapt → Build Capacity. ✔ Where the larger journey is taking us → A preview of The Journey of the Mind Workbook and its five-step process: Understand → Reflect → Apply → Measure → Become ✔ What comes next in the Movement Loop → A Bonus Episode applying recovery science to real-world data, followed by Dr. John Medina on how an activated brain turns experience into attention, learning, and lasting change. EP 405 — From Recovery to Adaptation: Revisiting Dr. Kristen Holmes in Phase 3 WELCOME BACK Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast, where we bridge neuroscience, social and emotional learning, and human performance so we can create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. I'm Andrea Samadi, and if you've been following along through Season 16, you'll know that we've been building what I call The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a neuroscience-based framework designed to help us understand how the different systems of the brain and body work together to influence how we learn, adapt, connect, lead, and perform. Our roadmap has five phases: Phase 1 — Regulation & Safety Where we built the foundation by asking: Is the nervous system regulated enough to learn and grow? Phase 2 — Neurochemistry & Motivation Where we explored the systems that drive us to act, persist, and pursue meaningful goals. And now, we are here—Phase 3: Movement, Learning & Cognition. This is where movement becomes the catalyst for learning, adaptation, and performance. The central idea of Phase 3 is that the brain does not change through information alone. It changes through experience. Through movement. Through challenge. Through recovery. And through the repeated process of adapting to what we ask our brain and body to do. I called the framework we are building in this phase: The Movement Loop: Movement (the stimulus) → Brain Activation (the brain responds) → Attention (the brain becomes engaged and ready to learn) → Learning (new information and experience begin changing neural pathways) → Recovery (the brain consolidates and restores) → Adaptation (the brain and body adjust to the repeated challenge) → Performance (the adaptation shows up in what we can do) → Greater Capacity (we become capable of more) Movement is the stimulus. Brain activation is the response. Attention opens the door to learning. Learning creates change. Recovery helps that change stick. Adaptation builds the system. Performance reveals the result. Greater capacity is what we gain. And then we repeat the cycle. In our last episode, EP 404, we revisited the groundbreaking work of Dr. John Ratey, who helped us understand the front end of this loop. Dr. Ratey showed us that: Movement changes the brain. Exercise activates the brain. It supports attention. It prepares us for learning. And it creates the biological conditions that allow the brain to change. But that leaves us with an important question. What happens after we create the stimulus? Because movement alone isn't enough. Training alone isn't enough. And more strain does not automatically equal more improvement. At some point, the brain and body have to recover from what we've asked them to do And that's where today's episode begins with the back end of the movement loop. WHERE THIS JOURNEY IS GOING Before we move into today's episode, I want to zoom out for a moment and share where I believe this entire journey is taking us. Because as we've been building The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—making sense of the interviews we've gathered over the past seven years and organizing them into five phases we can all understand and apply—I realized we are doing something much bigger than simply reviewing past episodes. I had to stop for a moment and look at what we've built so far. And that's when something became clear: We are mapping a journey. We aren't finished yet—we are only in Phase 3—but as we continue into Phases 4 and 5, I think you'll begin to see the bigger picture. This is about more than learning how the brain works or connecting social and emotional learning skills to our daily lives. It's about asking: What will we actually do with everything we've learned once we've traveled through all five phases? That's what led me to what I'm calling The Journey of the Mind. We could just as easily call it The Journey of the Brain because we now understand how deeply connected the mind and brain are.[i] But for me, Journey of the Mind has a much older meaning. That phrase takes me all the way back to the late 1990s, when I had the opportunity to watch an unpublished video program with that title, created by my mentor, Bob Proctor. I had no idea where that experience would lead me. But it planted a seed. It encouraged me to stop looking outside of myself for every answer... and to begin looking inward. To become curious about my thoughts. My beliefs. My habits. My potential. And ultimately, the relationship between what happens inside of us and the results we create outside of us. That idea influenced my early writing and eventually became part of the path that led me here. And now, all these years later, I can see that the podcast has evolved into its own Journey of the Mind. Only now, we have neuroscience to help us understand what is happening along the way. We have hundreds of experts. Years of research. Stories. Experiments. Data. And our own lived experience. The five phases give us a way to bring all of that together. We began with Regulation and Safety, because before we can grow, the nervous system needs a stable foundation. Then we moved into Neurochemistry and Motivation, where we explored what drives our behavior. Now, in Phase 3, we are looking at Movement, Learning and Cognition—how experience changes the brain and how recovery and adaptation help us build greater capacity. Next, we'll move into Connection, Emotion and Social Intelligence, because none of us develops in isolation. And finally, we'll reach Integration, Meaning and Human Performance, where these systems begin to come together. And when we reach the end of Phase 5, I want to bring the entire journey into something practical. THE JOURNEY OF THE MIND WORKBOOK I'm currently developing a companion workbook for these five phases. The Journey of the Mind Workbook will help us take what we've learned and apply it to our own lives through a simple process: Understand. Reflect. Apply. Measure. Become. Understand the science. Reflect on our own patterns. Apply what we are learning. Measure what changes. And then ask the bigger question: Who are we becoming? Because the goal isn't simply to know more about neuroscience. It's to use what we know. To identify our gaps. Recognize what is working. Build a clearer understanding of how we learn, recover, connect, perform, and grow. And become more intentional about the future we are creating. The workbook is still taking shape, but it's coming. And my hope is that when we reach the end of these five phases, we won't just have more information. We'll have a map. A clearer understanding of our brain. A deeper understanding of ourselves. A way to measure our growth. And a framework for becoming who we are capable of being. Now, let's return to where we are today... Phase 3: Movement, Learning and Cognition. Before we go further, I want to give you a quick roadmap for today's episode. We're going to explore Kristen Holmes' work through 15 short parts, each one helping us move step-by-step through the recovery and adaptation side of the Movement Loop. (The left side of the loop). We'll begin by clarifying the difference between readiness and adaptation. Then we'll look at the stimulus–recovery–adaptation cycle, revisit Kristen's original idea that what gets measured gets improved, and connect that to what I've learned from tracking my own data over the past five years. From there, we'll explore the difference between training harder and training smarter, why movement is information, why the goal is not maximum strain, and how these same principles apply to learning and performance far beyond exercise. We'll also return to one of my favorite ideas from Kristen's original interview: Your competitive advantage is often built in your downtime. And finally, we'll bring everything back to the Movement Loop and ask the question that really matters: Is what I'm doing building more strain—or building greater capacity? So think of these 10 parts as a guided walk through the second half of the loop... from recovery... to adaptation... to performance... and ultimately to greater capacity. PART 1 — WHY ARE WE RETURNING TO DR. KRISTEN HOLMES? When we first interviewed Dr. Kristen Holmes in 2021 for EP 134[ii], she was Vice President of Performance Science at WHOOP. At the time, I had recently turned 50. I purchased WHOOP because I wanted to improve what I knew was my weakest link: sleep. And in that original conversation, Dr. Holmes introduced ideas that I've now carried with me for more than five years. One of them was this: “What gets measured gets improved.” Another was the idea that what we do in our downtime may actually give us our greatest competitive advantage. At the time, I understood this at one level. Sleep matters. Recovery matters. Strain matters. Your habits outside of the workout matter. But after five years of looking at my own data, I understand her message differently. And I think this is one of the most important things about revisiting experts over time. We hear something at one stage of our development... and then years later, we hear the same idea again with an entirely different level of understanding. We revisited this same 2021 interview earlier in this season during Phase 1: Regulation & Safety on EP 390.[iii] So why are we covering this topic again? Because I realized that Dr. Holmes' work sits at a critical intersection inside our Brain's Operating System. In Phase 1, her work helped us understand regulation and readiness. Her message was: Can your system handle what you are asking it to do today? But in Phase 3, the question changes. Now we're asking: Is what I'm doing today actually helping my system adapt? That's very different. In Phase 1, recovery helped us understand whether the system was ready. In Phase 3, recovery helps us understand whether the system is changing. And that's why we're returning to Dr. Kristen Holmes. Not to repeat what we learned. But to take it one level deeper. Just a note here: while I've been using WHOOP to measure my movement, sleep, strain, and recovery, WHOOP is only one tool. There are many other ways to track these patterns—from other wearable devices and apps to simple measures like sleep duration, resting heart rate, exercise intensity, energy levels, and how recovered you feel. The important point isn't the device you use. It's learning to pay attention to your own patterns and using that feedback to make better decisions. PART 2 — READINESS VS. ADAPTATION Now let's return to the Movement Loop we opened this episode with: Movement → Brain Activation → Attention → Learning → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity In our last episode, Dr. John Ratey helped us understand the front end of this loop—how movement activates the brain, supports attention, and creates the conditions for learning. Today, Dr. Kristen Holmes helps us move into the recovery and adaptation side of the loop—what happens after we create the stimulus. This is where we ask a different kind of question. In Phase 1, we looked at Kristen's work through the lens of readiness: What is my capacity today? How much strain can I tolerate? How well did I sleep? What does my HRV tell me? How recovered am I? Do I have the capacity to push? Or would backing off today serve me better? That was the Phase 1 question: Am I ready? But now, in Phase 3, we move one step further around the loop. Now we are asking: Am I adapting? Is the movement I'm doing helping me become stronger? More resilient? More efficient? Better able to recover? More capable than I was before? That is the shift from readiness to adaptation. And this is where Dr. Kristen Holmes' work becomes essential to Phase 3. Because movement may provide the stimulus... but recovery is what gives the brain and body the opportunity to respond to that stimulus, adapt, and ultimately build greater capacity. Or would backing off today serve me better? That was our Phase 1 lens. And it was foundational. Because if the nervous system is depleted, overstressed, or under-recovered, everything downstream is affected. But Phase 3 takes us another step forward. Now we are not only asking: Am I ready? We are asking: Am I adapting? ADAPTATION asks: What is changing because of what I repeatedly do? Am I becoming stronger? More resilient? More efficient? Better able to tolerate stress? Better able to recover? More capable than I was before? And this is where I think recovery is frequently misunderstood. Recovery isn't simply what happens when we stop working. Recovery is not the opposite of performance. Recovery is part of the process that creates future performance. That distinction changes everything. Because the goal is not simply to recover enough to get through today. The goal is to recover in a way that allows the brain and body to become better prepared for tomorrow. So I want to give you one sentence to keep in mind throughout this entire episode: Movement provides the stimulus. Recovery allows the adaptation. That's where Kristen Holmes' work enters Phase 3. Dr. Ratey helped us understand why movement activates the brain and creates the stimulus for change. Dr. Holmes helps us to understand what has to happen afterward if that stimulus is going to become something useful. Something the body can integrate. Something the brain can learn from. Something that eventually becomes greater capacity. PART 3 — THE STIMULUS–RECOVERY–ADAPTATION CYCLE Think about exercise for a moment. When you challenge your body, you create stress. That's not necessarily a bad thing. In fact, some level of challenge is exactly what we need. It's called hormesis, right? The challenge is the signal. It tells the system: Something is being asked of me. But the signal alone isn't what we are looking for. What matters is what your body does afterward. You place a demand on the system. Then the body needs time and resources to respond to that demand. We can think of it very simply: STIMULUS → RECOVERY → ADAPTATION → GREATER CAPACITY The stimulus is the challenge. Recovery is the response period. Adaptation is the change. And greater capacity is the result. The purpose of training isn't simply to create more strain. (Which is what I did for years). The purpose is to create a strain that your system can successfully recover from and adapt to. And that idea changed the way I began looking at my own movement. For years, I thought: Harder must be better. Longer must be better. More must be better. If I could hike for three hours, that had to be better than walking for one. If I could push harder, I assumed I would get better results. If I felt exhausted after a workout, I often assumed that meant I had accomplished more. But the data started showing me something different. Sometimes more strain simply created... more strain. And if I wasn't sleeping enough...(because I was repeating the same thing without enough rest) if I wasn't recovering... if I was stacking high strain on top of stress... then I wasn't necessarily building greater capacity. I could actually be interrupting the very adaptation I was trying to create. This is why one of the most important questions in Phase 3 becomes: How much challenge can my system absorb, recover from, and adapt to? Not: How much can I force myself to do? And this takes us directly back to the lesson Kristen Holmes gave us five years ago. Because if we want to know whether the stimulus we're creating is actually working... we need feedback. We need to see the patterns. We need to understand the relationship between what we do and how our system responds. Which brings us to Part 4: PART 4 — WHAT GETS MEASURED GETS IMPROVED In our Phase 1 episode with Dr. Holmes, I shared something that has become very important to me over the past five years. Once you begin measuring your sleep, your recovery, your strain, and your habits... you stop guessing. And when you stop guessing, patterns begin to emerge. For me, some of those patterns took years to understand. I began seeing that: Too much strain + not enough sleep = poor recovery. Over and over again. I knew intuitively that I was pushing too hard. But knowing something and changing behavior are two very different things. The data eventually forced me to look at the pattern honestly. There were times when I was training hard... waking early... cutting sleep short... and then wondering why my recovery didn't improve. I was giving my system a stimulus. But I wasn't giving it enough opportunity to adapt. That distinction matters. Because the goal is not simply: How much can I do? The better question is: How much can I do, recover from, and adapt to? That is a completely different way of approaching human performance. PART 5 — MY UNDERSTANDING OF RECOVERY HAS CHANGED When I first bought WHOOP in 2021, my weakest link was sleep. I knew I needed to improve it. And I did. Not perfectly. But significantly. What I find interesting now is that as one weakness improves, another one becomes easier to see. That's the value of measurement. Your weakest link can change. In 2021, mine was sleep. Today, I can see other areas much more clearly. Strength training is one. Balancing different kinds of movement is another. And this is where I began looking beyond total exercise time. Instead, I started asking: How much time am I spending in lower intensity movement? How much time am I spending at higher intensity? What happens to my recovery when I increase strain? How much sleep do I need after harder training? How quickly do I recover? What habits seem to help me recover faster? What habits tank my recovery? That's a completely different mindset than: Did I work hard today? PART 6 — TRAIN HARDER VS. TRAIN SMARTER One of the biggest lessons I pulled from Kristen Holmes' work was the difference between training harder and training smarter. In our Phase 1 review, I shared one example that really challenged my assumptions. I went on a walk along the canal near my house. Nothing extreme. I was walking my dogs and wearing a weighted vest. And during this much more moderate activity, I was able to reach Zones 4 and 5 for short periods. That surprised me, because those higher-intensity zones could sometimes be difficult for me to reach even during much longer hikes. I noticed the same thing when I started comparing different trails here in Arizona. When I first moved to AZ, Camelback Mountain—especially the Echo Canyon Trail—was my go-to hike. I used to hike it after work and again on the weekends. It was short, steep, and intense—about a 2.5-mile round trip on Echo Canyon, with the Cholla side a bit longer. So when I later moved to another part of the Valley and started hiking Telegraph Pass at South Mountain, I initially thought: This isn't going to give me the same workout. Telegraph Pass felt less intense. It didn't have that same steep, all-out challenge I was used to on Camelback. But once I started measuring my hikes, or learning new trails that were longer, I saw something I didn't expect. The longer, lower-intensity hikes were sometimes producing more overall strain than the shorter, harder hikes. That honestly shocked me. Because I had always assumed that if something felt harder, it must be giving me better results. But the data showed me that wasn't always true. A longer period of sustained effort—even at a lower intensity—could place a greater total load on my system than a shorter burst of very difficult exercise. And that taught me something important: How hard something feels in the moment is not always the same thing as the total load it places on your body. That was one of the moments when measurement changed the way I thought about exercise. I stopped asking only: How hard did that feel? And started asking: How did my body actually respond? And this is where data becomes useful. Not because the number knows everything. But because the number can reveal something we might otherwise miss. It can become feedback. And feedback helps us learn. PART 7 — MOVEMENT IS INFORMATION Movement is not just calories burned. I hardly ever think about calories anymore. There was a time when I could tell you almost exactly how much effort it took to burn off certain foods. But I think about movement very differently today. Movement is not punishment for what we ate. Movement is not simply exercise. Movement is information. Every time we move, we send signals to the brain and body about the demands being placed on the system. How much strength do I need? How much endurance? How much balance, coordination, speed, or cardiovascular capacity? And when we repeatedly expose ourselves to manageable challenge, the system begins to learn from those signals. It responds. It adjusts. And, with adequate recovery, it adapts. So movement isn't just something we do to burn energy. Movement is one of the ways we teach the brain and body what we want them to become capable of doing. PART 8 — THE GOAL IS NOT MAXIMUM STRAIN This brings me to what may be the biggest takeaway from today's episode. The goal is not maximum strain. The goal is the right amount of strain for your current capacity. Because too little challenge may not create enough stimulus. But too much challenge without adequate recovery can work against the very adaptation we're trying to create. And this is where Kristen Holmes' message about strain and recovery becomes so powerful. In Phase 1, we used recovery to ask: Should I push today? In Phase 3, we can use recovery to ask: Is my current training producing the adaptation I want? That is a much bigger question. And it applies far beyond exercise. PART 9 — THE SAME PRINCIPLE APPLIES TO LEARNING Think about learning. We don't learn best by forcing information into the brain endlessly without rest. We need exposure. Attention. Practice. Then space. Sleep. Recovery. Integration. And then we return to the material again. Spaced Repetition. The brain changes through repeated cycles of challenge and recovery. So while we're talking today about Kristen Holmes, recovery, movement, and strain... the same architecture appears in learning. It appears in work. It appears in leadership. It appears in stress management. It appears almost anywhere humans are trying to grow. Challenge alone doesn't guarantee growth. Challenge + recovery + repetition creates the conditions for adaptation. PART 10 — YOUR COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IS STILL BUILT IN YOUR DOWNTIME One of my favorite ideas from my original conversation with Kristen was something we revisited in Phase 1. Listen to Dr. Holmes' CLIP here. She talked about the importance of what we do in our downtime. That what happens outside of the performance itself may give us our competitive advantage. Five years later, I think I finally understand how deep that idea goes. Your workout may last an hour. Your hike may last two hours. Your presentation may last 45 minutes. Your game may last an afternoon. But adaptation is happening across the rest of the day. What are you doing with the other hours? Are you sleeping? Hydrating? Fueling? Managing stress? Allowing the nervous system to come back down? Giving the body what it needs to repair? That downtime isn't empty time. It's part of the training. PART 11 — RECOVERY IS AN ACTIVE PROCESS This is another mindset shift that helped me. I used to think of recovery as: Doing nothing. Resting. Taking a day off. But recovery can actually be very intentional. For me, over the past several years, that has included things like: prioritizing sleep hydration meditation breathing spending time outside lower-intensity movement infrared sauna red light therapy And again, the point isn't that everyone should copy my routine. The important question is: What actually helps your system recover? That takes us back to one of the central ideas of our recent Bonus Episodes. PART 12 — FIND YOUR GAP In Bonus Episode 2[iv], we introduced the idea of finding your gap. Instead of copying someone else's recipe for high performance, identify the variable that is currently limiting you. Maybe your gap is sleep. Maybe it's hydration. Maybe it's high stress. Maybe it's too much intensity. Maybe it's not enough movement. Maybe it's inconsistent recovery habits. Maybe it's strength. The point is that your gap is personal. And it can change. This is one of the most useful things measurement can give us. It can show us: Where is the breakdown in my loop? Let's return to the Movement Loop. Movement → Brain Activation → Attention → Learning → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity Where is your gap? Are you not moving enough? Are you moving but not recovering? Are you recovering but not challenging yourself enough to create adaptation? Are you pushing constantly without allowing your system to consolidate the gains? If you can locate your gap, you know where to begin. PART 13 — THE MOVEMENT LOOP THROUGH DR. KRISTEN HOLMES Let's walk through the entire loop now through the lens of Dr. Ratey and Dr. Holmes' work. MOVEMENT We create a stimulus. We challenge the brain and body. BRAIN ACTIVATION Movement changes our physiological and neurological state. This is where Dr. Ratey's work helps us understand why movement prepares the brain. ATTENTION An activated brain is better positioned to engage. LEARNING The brain receives information and experience. But learning isn't finished simply because we experienced something. RECOVERY Now the system needs space. This is where Kristen Holmes enters the loop. How well did we sleep? How much stress are we carrying? What was our total strain? How prepared is the system to absorb what we've done? ADAPTATION This is where the system changes. Over time, repeated cycles of challenge and recovery create new capacity. PERFORMANCE We begin to see the result. We move differently. Think differently. Learn more efficiently. Handle greater demands. Recover faster. GREATER CAPACITY And this is what makes the loop a loop. Because now tomorrow's starting point may be different from yesterday's. The system has adapted. So we can begin again. The WHOOP wearable device may have started with elite athletes, but optimizing performance isn't only for elite athletes. Any of us can measure our patterns, learn from the feedback, and use that information to build greater capacity. PART 14 — THIS CHANGES HOW I THINK ABOUT PERFORMANCE For most of my life, I thought performance was primarily about effort. Work harder. Try harder. Push harder. And effort still matters. But effort without adaptation can become a dead end. What I'm learning through this phase is that performance is much more dynamic. You need the stimulus. You need the challenge. You need the work. But you also need recovery. Because recovery is what allows the system to absorb the work. And that leads me to an important sentence I want us to remember: The goal isn't to prove how much stress you can tolerate. The goal is to become capable of more over time. That's adaptation. PART 15 — FIVE YEARS LATER, DR. HOLMES' MESSAGE MEANS SOMETHING DIFFERENT When we first interviewed Kristen Holmes in 2021, the idea that what gets measured gets improved resonated with me immediately. That idea is partly why I bought a wearable device in the first place. I wanted data. I wanted answers. I wanted to improve sleep. But five years later, I think the lesson is bigger than measurement. Measurement itself isn't the goal. The goal is feedback. And feedback only becomes useful when we do something with it. Measure. Write it down somewhere. Observe what's happening month to month and year to year. Adjust. Recover. Adapt. Repeat. Measurement closes the learning/performance loop. That's why Dr. Holmes' work was worth revisiting here in Phase 3. Not simply because she studies recovery. But because measurement gives us information about whether the behaviors we repeat are actually creating the changes we want. PRACTICAL APPLICATION — HOW TO USE THIS THIS WEEK So let's make this practical. You do not need WHOOP. You do not need a wearable. You don't need complicated equipment. You simply need to start paying attention. Identify your current stimulus. What are you asking your body and brain to adapt to right now? Maybe it's: exercise strength training a new learning goal a demanding work schedule stress adapting to intensive heat in your new sauna Know what you're asking the system to do. Identify your recovery. Ask: How am I sleeping? How am I managing stress? Am I giving myself enough downtime? How do I feel the day after harder efforts? What patterns do I notice? Watch the relationship between effort and recovery. Does more effort always give you better results? Or is there a point where more becomes counterproductive? Find your gap. What is your weakest link right now? Don't try to fix everything. Start there. Look for evidence of adaptation. Ask yourself: Am I becoming more capable? Can I handle something today that used to be difficult? Am I recovering faster? Am I stronger? More focused? More resilient? If the answer is yes, your loop is working. REVIEW AND CONCLUSION To review and conclude this week's episode 405, let's bring this episode together. We brought Dr. Kristen Holmes back into our roadmap intentionally. In Phase 1: Regulation and Safety, Dr. Holmes helped us understand recovery as readiness. Sleep. HRV. Strain. Stress. Recovery. The question was: Is the system prepared for today? Today, in Phase 3: Movement, Learning and Cognition, we've looked at those same ideas through a different lens. Now the question is: Is the system adapting for tomorrow? That's the progression. Dr. John Ratey helped us understand that movement provides the brain with a powerful stimulus. Kristen Holmes helps us understand that the story doesn't end with the stimulus. We need recovery. Because: Movement provides the stimulus. Recovery allows the adaptation. Adaptation improves performance. Performance builds greater capacity. And then the loop begins again. ONE QUESTION TO TAKE WITH YOU Before you move on with your day, I want you to ask yourself one question: Am I creating more strain…or am I creating more capacity? They are not the same thing. You can push harder without improving. You can work longer without adapting. You can accumulate strain without building capacity. The goal is not simply to do more. The goal is to create a system where you can become more. FINAL TAKEAWAY And this brings us right back to Kristen Holmes's message from 2021: What gets measured gets improved. But today, I would add something to it: What gets measured can be adjusted. What gets adjusted can be repeated (in this new way) And what gets repeated—paired with the right amount of recovery—can become adaptation. That is how capacity grows. And that is where Kristen Holmes fits into Phase 3—not simply as an expert on recovery, but as a critical part of the science of change. And this idea—turning what we measure into meaningful change—is also shaping the larger vision for this podcast. At the start of this episode, we mentioned I'm developing a companion workbook called Journey of the Mind—a practical guide designed to help us move beyond simply listening to these ideas and begin applying them in our own lives. The workbook will guide us through five steps to apply what we have covered on this podcast. Understand. Reflect. Apply. Measure. Become More. With each episode we've covered. And this workbook began with an unexpected spark of inspiration. So, I want to offer one quiet acknowledgment: To the person who quietly helped illuminate this path for me—thank you. Sometimes, the people who influence the direction of our lives may never fully realize what their presence helped awaken. My vision from that the spark of inspiration I received will travel through this work and reach you listening—inspiring you to move forward on your own path and create a life that is more intentional, meaningful, and fulfilling than the one you knew before. Because inspiration doesn't end with the person who first awakens it. It moves through us. And when we act on it, one spark can grow into something that serves many others—far beyond what either person could have created individually. We'll explore the transformative power of human connection more deeply in Phase 4. Then, in Phase 5, we'll examine how connection, meaning, and contribution can become something that continues growing beyond us. But until then, we'll continue building this journey—one insight, one application, and one measurable change at a time. COMING NEXT Before we move on to Dr. John Medina and the next part of the Movement Loop, we'll cover our next Bonus Episode and show you what adaptation can actually look like in real life. In Bonus EP 3, I'm going to take you inside one of the clearest changes I've seen in my own data over the past several years: my resting heart rate. We'll look at where it started, how it changed, what may have contributed to that change, and why resting heart rate can become a useful window into how the body is adapting over time. Because this is really what Phase 3 is about. Not simply moving more. Not simply collecting data. But asking: Is what I'm doing actually changing my capacity? Then, for EP 406 we'll return to the research of Dr. John Medina and explore the next critical link in the Movement Loop: Attention. Because movement can activate the brain—but activation alone doesn't guarantee learning. The brain must first notice what matters. It must direct its attention. Hold that attention long enough to encode new information. And return to that information if it is going to become something we can remember and use. Dr. Ratey helped us understand how movement prepares the brain. Dr. Kristen Holmes helped us understand how recovery allows the brain and body to adapt. And Dr. Medina will help us understand what happens between those two points: How does an activated brain turn experience into learning? Because movement may open the door— but attention determines what enters and stays behind that door. And we'll reinforce one of the central ideas of this journey: What we repeatedly do shapes who we become. The question is: Are those repeated actions expanding our capacity and moving us toward our highest level of performance—or quietly holding us back? That's where we'll turn next as we continue building the Movement Loop. I'll see you next time. EP 405 — KEY TAKEAWAYS ✔ Why Kristen Holmes belongs in both Phase 1 and Phase 3 ✔ The difference between recovery for readiness and recovery for adaptation ✔ Why movement alone does not create improvement ✔ The relationship between stimulus → recovery → adaptation → greater capacity ✔ Why the goal is not maximum strain, but the right dose of strain ✔ How recovery completes the Movement Loop ✔ Why your weakest link can change as you improve ✔ How measurement provides feedback for better decisions ✔ Why downtime is part of the performance process ✔ The difference between accumulating strain and building capacity THE MOVEMENT LOOP Movement → Brain Activation → Attention → Learning → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance → Greater Capacity → Repeat Remember: Movement provides the stimulus. Recovery allows the adaptation. The goal isn't maximum strain. The goal is greater capacity. RESOURCES: Watch the full interview from 2021 here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOgivjYhhW8 CLIP 1 Dr. Kristen Holmes https://www.youtube.com/shorts/Lg7FiWJKZc4 Phase 1: Regulation & Safety The Foundation Core Question: Is the nervous system safe enough to learn? Everything begins with regulation. Before we can focus, learn, lead, or perform, the brain first asks one fundamental question: Am I safe? Throughout Phase 1, our guests showed us that regulation isn't simply about reducing stress—it's about creating the biological conditions that allow the brain to learn, adapt, and thrive. Together we explored: Baland Jalal – how sleep, curiosity, imagination, and creativity prepare the brain for learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/ Dr. Bruce Perry – why regulation, rhythm, and relationships form the foundation of every healthy nervous system. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/safety-first-why-a-regulated-brain-is-the-key-to-learning/ Dr. Sui Wong – how lifestyle medicine and autonomic balance build lifelong brain resilience. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/your-eyes-the-brain-s-early-warning-system/ Rohan Dixit – how heart rate variability gives us real-time feedback on our ability to regulate stress. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/breathe-to-reset-how-hrv-tech-reveals-hidden-stress/ Dr. Kristen Holmes – how recovery metrics reveal our physiological readiness to perform. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/kristen-holmes-from-whoopcom-on-unlocking-a-better-you-measuring-sleep-recovery-and-strain/ Dr. Antonio Zadra – how sleep and dreaming consolidate memories, regulate emotions, and generate insight. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/when-brains-dream-how-sleep-integrates-emotion-insight-and-creativity/ Together these conversations taught us that sleep and stress regulation aren't optional—they're the operating system that allows every higher brain function to work. Phase 2: Motivation & Neurochemistry The Direction Core Question: What moves us into action? Once the brain feels safe, it becomes ready to pursue goals. In Phase 2, we explored the internal chemistry that transforms intention into action. Our experts helped us understand that sustainable motivation isn't about willpower—it's about aligning our beliefs, thoughts, attention, energy, and movement. Together we discovered: Bob Proctor — our beliefs determine the direction of our lives. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/belief-first-the-neuroscience-of-motivation/ Dr. Carolyn Leaf — our thinking literally changes our brain chemistry. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/thoughts-as-biology-how-your-mind-shapes-neurochemistry/ Dr. John Medina — attention determines what the brain encodes and remembers. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/theory-of-mind-the-missing-link-between-attention-reward-and-motivation Dr. Anna Lembke- Dopamine, Motivation and Why the Brain Repeats Behavior https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/dopamine-nation-the-pleasure%e2%80%93pain-balance-that-drives-motivation/ Dr. Friederike Fabritius — managing our energy allows high performance to become sustainable. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/fun-fear-focus-closing-the-motivation-loop/ Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — movement activates the brain, preparing it to learn. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/move-to-learn-how-movement-activates-the-brain-and-fuels-motivation/ By the end of Phase 2, we introduced what became The Motivation Loop, showing how beliefs influence thoughts, thoughts influence actions, actions create results, and results reinforce future beliefs. Phase 3: Movement, Learning & Human Performance The Transformation Core Question: How does movement change the brain—and how does recovery transform that change into performance? Now we're taking the next step. Phase 3 builds on everything we've learned so far. If Phase 1 created a regulated nervous system... If Phase 2 created motivation and direction... Phase 3 explains how the brain and body actually become stronger. Together we've explored this process through conversations with: Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — why movement activates the brain before learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ Dr. John Ratey — how exercise builds a healthier, younger brain. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-matters-how-every-move-rewires-the-brain/ Dr. Kristen Holmes — why recovery determines adaptation and readiness. Dr. John Medina — how attention transforms movement into lasting learning. Jason Whitrock — how metabolism and cellular energy fuel long-term performance. WHERE WE ARE GOING NEXT Phase 4 — Connection, Emotion & Social Intelligence The Human System Core Question: How do we thrive with other people? The brain didn't evolve in isolation—it evolved through relationships. In Phase 4, we'll explore emotional intelligence, empathy, communication, trust, leadership, and psychological safety to understand how our relationships shape learning, well-being, and performance. Phase 5 — Integration & Human Performance The Complete System Core Question: How do all the systems work together? In our final phase, we'll bring everything together—regulation, motivation, movement, emotion, relationships, learning, and recovery—into one integrated framework. We'll discover how these systems work together to create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. REFERENCES: [i] A Neurologist Looks at Mind and Brain, published October 1, 2003, by Phirose Hansotia. [ii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 134 with Dr. Kristen Holmes “Unlocking a Better You: Measuring Sleep, Recovery and Strain.” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/kristen-holmes-from-whoopcom-on-unlocking-a-better-you-measuring-sleep-recovery-and-strain/ [iii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 390 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/what-gets-measured-gets-improved-sleep-recovery-peak-performance/ [iv]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast BONUS EP 2 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/find-the-gap-how-recovery-unlocks-predictable-performance
We're creating space for the brains behind the brands we love, and asking good questions along the way. The result is a deep dive into the how and why of brand-building, from blueprints to launch day, customers as community and the detours in between. big lessons, easy listening. In this episode of Read Receipt, Sean sits down with Nico Varano, CEO of SweatHouz, the contrast therapy franchise redefining recovery through private sauna, cold plunge, and vitamin C shower experiences. Nico's path to CEO wasn't conventional. After starting his career in finance and private equity, he discovered SweatHouz while training for a charity boxing match and became the brand's first franchisee. After rapidly scaling his own studios, he was tapped to lead the company as CEO. Today, SweatHouz operates more than 100 locations across 25 states and has become one of the fastest-growing wellness franchises in the country. Nico shares lessons on franchising, customer retention, operational excellence, hospitality, and why the future of recovery isn't about flashy experiences, it's about building habits people return to week after week. Tune in for an inside look at scaling a category-defining wellness brand while balancing leadership, fatherhood, and the pursuit of sustainable growth! Chapters: 00:00 — Meet Nico Varano Nico shares his background in finance, private equity, and his family's restaurant business. 02:00 — Discovering SweatHouz How training for a charity boxing match led Nico to contrast therapy and ultimately franchise ownership. 03:36 — Becoming the First Franchisee Acquiring and growing the Assembly Row location in Boston. 04:28 — The SweatHouz Business Model Memberships, private suites, margins, and creating a scalable wellness business. 09:55 — Building a Habit, Not an Event The philosophy behind customer retention and long-term wellness behavior. 14:22 — Franchising at Scale How SweatHouz supports franchisees while maintaining brand consistency. 26:55 — What's Next for SweatHouz Loyalty programs, wearable integrations, and the company's future growth plans. 32:55 — Entrepreneurship, Fatherhood, & Leadership Nico reflects on balancing business growth with family life. 35:20 — Final Thoughts The future of recovery, hospitality, and building lasting businesses. Takeaways: Nico transitioned from private equity to becoming SweatHouz's first franchisee before ultimately stepping into the CEO role. SweatHouz has grown from a single studio in 2019 to more than 100 locations across 25 states. The company focuses on building “a habit, not an event” through recurring wellness routines. Memberships drive nearly half of the company's revenue and are critical to long-term retention. SweatHouz's private suite model differentiates it from many group-based recovery concepts. Strong hospitality and customer experience remain central to the brand's growth strategy. Franchising can accelerate growth when operators are empowered and included in decision-making. Technology, loyalty programs, and habit tracking will play a major role in the company's next chapter. Scaling a business requires balancing operational excellence with maintaining the core customer experience. Entrepreneurship and parenthood both require intentionality, flexibility, and making time for what matters.
Heart rate variability (HRV) is one of the most powerful metrics for understanding your recovery and resilience. In this week's episode of the WHOOP Podcast, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist Dr. Kristen Holmes and WHOOP Staff Research Scientist Dr. Greg Grosicki explain what HRV actually measures and what it indicates about the health of your autonomic nervous system. They unpack the biggest factors that influence HRV, including sleep consistency, hydration, training load, psychological stress, alcohol, and illness. You'll learn how to use HRV as a practical guide to balance stress and recovery, identify which habits are helping or hurting your physiology, and make small, consistent lifestyle changes that support better performance, healthier aging, and greater resilience over time.(00:00) Cold Open(00:35) What is Heart Rate Variability (HRV)?(01:48) Why HRV Matters For Recovery(03:20) How WHOOP Measures HRV(04:44) Why You Shouldn't Compare Your HRV to Others(05:43) Understanding the Autonomic Nervous System(11:28) Why WHOOP Measures HRV During Sleep (12:36) How Your Behaviors Impact HRV(21:30) Impact of Sleep Consistency on HRV(23:19) The Relationship Between High Stress and HRV(26:54) How to Improve Your HRV(30:33) The Habits Negatively Impacting HRV(36:26) Why You Shouldn't Obsess Over HRV(37:51) HRV-CV: Understanding Weekly HRV Trends(41:49) How HRV Changes Over TimeListen to Our Episode on Heart Rate Variability Coefficient of Variation (HRV-CV)YouTubeSpotifyAppleSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInFollow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
Have you ever hit every goal on paper and still felt like something inside you was falling apart? That's the question at the heart of this episode, and honestly, it's one I think about a lot as an entrepreneur myself. In this episode of The Happy Hustle Podcast, I sit down with Justin Roethlingshofer, a human performance expert, data driven health strategist, and longevity practitioner with over two decades of experience optimizing health and performance. Justin has a background that includes postgraduate doctoral research in cellular biology, work inside the National Hockey League, and now a powerful new book called Holy Health, Habits and Rhythms to Heal Your Body and Transform Your Life. He's also the health coach behind worship artist Brandon Lake, helping him sustain fifty shows on tour while keeping his body, mind, and spirit intact. What makes this episode matter is that Justin doesn't just talk theory. He's lived the full spectrum of health struggles himself, from an obese kid to an anorexic kid to a burned out high achiever who was told he might not see thirty five. And even with all his credentials, he still had to learn that true health isn't about optimization. It's about alignment, mentally, physically, spiritually, and emotionally. We also dive into the story of Brian Johnson, the tech entrepreneur spending millions a year trying to reverse his aging, who's now dealing with a painful autoimmune condition. Justin breaks down why chasing perfect numbers without addressing the root of chronic stress can actually work against you, and why your body can't tell the difference between mental, physical, spiritual, and emotional stress. It just knows stress, and it responds. Here are a few takeaways that stuck with me. First, your cells need three things to thrive: oxygen, detoxification, and nutrients, and most of us are running environments that are starving them of all three. Second, sleep isn't optional. It's during deep sleep that your lymphatic system actually turns on and clears out the junk your body's been holding onto all day. Third, honoring a weekly Sabbath isn't just a spiritual discipline, it's backed by a study of 250,000 people showing those who kept one had eleven extra years of high quality output in their lives. Fourth, most of us are operating from a wounded place, whether that's a performer heart, a pleaser heart, or a protector heart, and until we deal with that root, we'll keep trading our health for a version of success that never actually satisfies. And fifth, healing isn't just physical. It requires your identity to be settled in who God says you are, not who the world demands you to be. What really got me was Justin's honesty about his own journey. Even as the expert, even with all the degrees and the leadership positions, he still hit a wall in a sauna five years ago and had to surrender the whole performance driven identity he'd built his life around. That kind of vulnerability from someone who coaches high performers for a living, it hits different. If you're ready to stop chasing health like it's another goal to conquer and start understanding what your body actually needs to heal, this conversation will shift the way you think about it. Justin's message is simple but it's not easy. You are designed to heal, you're created to thrive, and holy health is the path there. Go listen to the full episode at https://happyhustle.com/podcast. You'll walk away with a completely different lens on what it actually means to be healthy, and maybe the permission you didn't know you needed to stop striving and start healing. What does Happy Hustlin' mean to you? For Justin, happy hustlin' is being able to have the capacity to carry the calling that God has put on your life. Connect with Justinhttps://www.facebook.com/justin.roethlingshoeferhttps://www.instagram.com/justinroethhttps://www.youtube.com/@justinroethlingshoefer/featuredhttps://www.linkedin.com/in/justin-roethlingshoefer/https://www.tiktok.com/@justinroeth Find Justin on this website: https://justinroethlingshoefer.com/ Connect with Cary!https://www.instagram.com/caryjack/https://www.facebook.com/SirCaryJackhttps://www.linkedin.com/in/cary-jack-kendzior/https://twitter.com/thehappyhustlehttps://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFDNsD59tLxv2JfEuSsNMOQ/featured Get a copy of his new book, https://www.thehappyhustle.com/book Sign up for The Journey: 10 Days To Become a Happy Hustler Online Course @ https://thehappyhustle.com/thejourney/ Apply to the Montana Mastermind Epic Camping Adventure @ https://thehappyhustle.com/mastermind/ “It's time to Happy Hustle, a blissfully balanced life you love, full of passion, purpose, and positive impact!” Episode Sponsors: Kiln Your environment shapes your energy and your results. That's why we're proud to partner with Kiln, a premium workspace experience designed to help you work smarter, connect with amazing people, and elevate your lifestyle. From co-working and private offices to meeting rooms and event spaces, Kiln (https://kiln.com/) has everything you need to thrive. Mention "Happy Hustle" for a special hookup! =================================================================== If you're feeling stressed, not sleeping great, or your energy's been kinda meh lately—let me put you on to something that's been a total game-changer for me: Magnesium Breakthrough by BiOptimizers. This ain't your average magnesium—it's got all 7 essential forms that your body needs to chill out, sleep deeper, and feel more balanced. I take it every night and legit notice the difference the next day. No more waking up groggy or tossing and turning all night If you're ready to sleep like a baby, calm your nervous system, and optimize your recovery, go grab yours now at https://www.bioptimizers.com/happy and use code HAPPY10 for 10% OFF. =================================================================== My Green Mattress If you've been waking up with back pain, feeling stiff, or just not getting that deep, quality sleep. This might be what you're missing: My Green Mattress. It's made with clean, non-toxic, and eco-friendly materials, so you're not just sleeping better, you're sleeping healthier too. The comfort and support are on another level, and you can really feel the difference night after night. If you're ready to invest in better sleep and better recovery, check it out at https://thehappyhustle.com/mygreenmattress =================================================================== Ozlo Sleep If you've been struggling to fall asleep, stay asleep, or just wake up feeling actually rested, let me put you on to something that's been a total game-changer: Ozlo Sleep. These aren't your typical sleep buds. They're designed to block out noise and help your brain fully relax, so you can drift off faster and stay in deep, uninterrupted sleep. Perfect if you're a light sleeper or just want that next-level rest. If you're ready to upgrade your sleep and wake up feeling recharged, check out https://ozlosleep.com and save $80 OFF using code HAPPY.
Send us Fan MailWhat happens when two practitioners with decades of experience stop trying to provide answers and start exploring the questions?In this episode, I reconnect with longtime friend and performance therapist Gerry Ramogida for a wide-ranging conversation about performance therapy, Reconditioning, clinical reasoning, and what it really means to work with complex human beings.Gerry has spent nearly three decades working across the NHL, NBA, NFL, MLB, and Olympic sport, contributing to championship organizations including the Seattle Seahawks and Golden State Warriors. Today, he continues to work in professional hockey with the Vancouver Canucks while educating and mentoring practitioners around the world.We explore why diagnosis matters but can never tell the whole story, why understanding the demands of the person in front of you must precede intervention, and why practitioners need to continually observe, intervene, reassess, and remain willing to change direction. We talk about manual therapy as an input rather than an outcome, the importance of creating ownership after an intervention, and the danger of becoming so attached to our tools that everything begins to look like something we know how to treat.Perhaps most importantly, we talk about uncertainty.After almost thirty years of practice, Gerry makes the observation that certainty simply does not exist when working with complex human systems. Expertise may therefore be less about knowing exactly what will happen and more about developing the knowledge, curiosity and humility to explore what might.Our conversation eventually moves beyond performance and into something even more important: service, relationships and remembering the people who provide the foundation that allows us to do this work in the first place.This is a conversation between two old friends who have spent much of their lives trying to understand human performance and who remain fascinated by how much there is still to learn. EnjoyIf you liked this EP, please take the time to rate and comment, share with a friend, and connect with us on social channels IG @Kingopain, TW @BuiltbyScott, LI+FB Scott Livingston. You can find all things LYM at www.LYMLab.com, download your free Life Lab Starter Kit today and get busy living https://lymlab.com/free-lym-lab-starter/Please take the time to visit and connect with our sponsors, they are an essential part of our success:www.ReconditioningHQ.comwww.FreePainGuide.com
In this bonus episode Andrea Samadi introduces the Predictable Performance System, a practical roadmap from her Brain's Operating System. She shows how measuring patterns—not chasing daily scores—plus consistent movement and targeted recovery behaviors create reliable adaptations and better performance over time. Andrea shares two real-world experiments (including a nine-day green recovery streak), five clear steps—measure, move, recover, adapt, perform—and a simple 7-day challenge to help you discover the single habit that unlocks more consistent results. On BONUS EPISODE 2, we will cover: Why high performance isn't about being “green” every day (using a wearable device) What nearly 2,000 recovery scores taught me about consistency and performance Why your daily inputs matter more than any single recovery score How I reached a personal best of 9 green recoveries in a row What happened when hard training caused my recovery to drop—and why that wasn't failure How another WHOOP user improved his recovery by identifying one key gap: hydration How to find your own gap in sleep, hydration, stress, movement, training load, or recovery The Predictable Performance System™: Measure → Move → Recover → Adapt → Perform → Repeat Why recovery is the bridge between today's effort and tomorrow's capacity How to create your own 7-Day Predictable Performance Experiment The key question to ask yourself: “What is the one missing input that could unlock my next level of performance?” The goal: Find your gap. Uncover your recipe. Build the system that works for you. BONUS EPISODE 2 The Predictable Performance System™ How Small Daily Inputs Create Better Recovery, Adaptation and More Consistent Results WELCOME BACK Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast, where we explore how understanding the brain can help us create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. I'm Andrea Samadi, and over the past several months, we've been building something much bigger than a collection of interviews. We've been building what I call The Brain's Operating System—a roadmap for understanding how our brain and body work together to create optimal human performance. Before we jump into today's second Bonus Episode, let's quickly remember where we've been. PHASE 1 — REGULATION & SAFETY Everything begins with regulation. Before the brain can learn, perform, or grow, it first needs the biological conditions that support safety and stability. In Phase 1, we explored sleep, stress regulation, trauma, resilience and the nervous system. The lesson was simple: Regulation creates the conditions for growth. PHASE 2 — NEUROCHEMISTRY & MOTIVATION Then we asked: What moves us into action? We explored dopamine, beliefs, motivation, habits, attention and sustained effort. We learned that motivation isn't simply about willpower. Our brain is continually learning: What's worth pursuing? What should I repeat? Where should I invest my energy with? Phase 2 gave us some direction. PHASE 3 — MOVEMENT, LEARNING & COGNITION And now we're deep inside Phase 3. This is where movement becomes much more than exercise. Movement activates the brain. It supports attention. Learning. Memory. Metabolism. And when movement is paired with adequate recovery, something important happens: Adaptation. That's where our system begins to change. So the basic sequence we've been studying is: Movement → Recovery → Adaptation → Performance. But while studying this process, another question kept coming back to me. Why do some people consistently improve...while others feel like they're starting over every Monday and they are searching for the right formula. That question led me to today's framework: THE PREDICTABLE PERFORMANCE SYSTEM™ And this Bonus Episode is where I want to put the science into action. Throughout The Brain's Operating System, these Bonus Episodes will give me an opportunity to step away from the interviews and show you what happens when I apply what we're learning to my own life. I'll share the experiments. The data. What worked. What didn't. And most importantly... what we can learn from it, so we can ALL apply this information to our own lives. Because neuroscience becomes much more useful when we can turn what we know into something we can actually do. THE QUESTION THAT STARTED THIS EXPERIMENT Over the past five years, I've tracked close to 2,000 recovery scores using WHOOP (wearable device). And recently something happened that surprised me. I recorded nine green recoveries in a row (which meant for 9 days in a row, I had mastered recovery (my body's ability to take on strain and perform). This recovery score is calculated overnight using my RHR, HRV, RR, SpO2 (blood O2) and skin temperature. Factors like strain, stress and lifestyle choices affect this Recovery Score. That was a personal record. For years, I could put together a few strong days. Sometimes even a strong week. My record for years was 7 days in a row. But eventually something would interrupt the pattern. I'd train too hard. Sleep poorly. Travel. Get busy. Or simply fail to give myself enough time to recover. So when I reached nine consecutive green recoveries, instead of just celebrating the streak, I became curious. I asked: What changed? Because I wasn't on vacation. My work hadn't disappeared. I was still recording the podcast. Still exercising. Still traveling. Waking up early. Eating the same diet. In those green days most of the days I avoided alcohol (something I have learned from measuring everything I ingest—this will automatically tank my recovery score) but I did have one drink a couple of these days and still managed to keep a green score. Something that was highly unusual. I kept wondering what was I doing differently. Life hadn't suddenly become easy. So what was different? I went back through my data. And I stopped looking at individual scores. Instead, I started looking for patterns. That distinction changed everything. DON'T CHASE THE SCORE. STUDY THE PATTERN. When I first started tracking recovery, I'd look at each morning individually. Green? Great. Yellow? What did I do wrong? Red? I must have done something terribly wrong! Looking at the patterns, I did learn that after a 4-hour hike, even one alcoholic drink will kick my recovery score into the red unrecovered zone. When you push your body hard, it's just not worth it to ingest a neuro-toxin. At least for me, it's not worth it. We are all different, and that's why measuring your own data is a valuable activity. What tanks my score, might not tank yours. Now I'm wondering what happens repeatedly? What tends to happen before my strongest recoveries? What happens before my worst ones? (the recipe was beyond clear here). What habits disappear when my recovery starts declining? And which habits consistently appear when it improves? That's where the story became much clearer. It wasn't one workout. It wasn't one supplement. It wasn't one perfect night's sleep. And it definitely wasn't motivation. It was the accumulation of small behaviors being repeated consistently. And that led me to one of the most important lessons from this entire experiment: The recovery score doesn't create the result. The behaviors that happened before the recovery score create the conditions for the result. I learned my recipe to create a RED recovery, and how to create a GREEN. The wearable device simply gives us feedback on how well we are doing with our recipe for success. THE DATA TELLS TWO STORIES When I looked at the data, I realized I actually had two experiments happening. The first was mine. I had the recipe for how to recover, and how to tank my score. The second belonged to another WHOOP user. And together, they revealed something much more interesting than either story alone. STORY ONE — MY DATA When I zoomed out across 6 months, my average recovery was around 58%. That's real life. There were excellent weeks. There were difficult weeks. Travel. When I was away internationally, sometimes without internet, the data didn't record correctly, but this is a good picture of what my scores look like. Work. Training. Stress. Vacations. Life happens. But recently that monthly average climbed to approximately 63%—an 11% improvement over the month before. For me, that mattered. Historically, when my monthly recovery averages climbed substantially, it was often because I had removed myself from normal life. Maybe I was on vacation. Maybe I was completely unplugged. But this time I wasn't. I was working. Training. Recording. Traveling. Living normal life. Life didn't become easier. My daily system became more consistent. And eventually that consistency produced something I'd never seen before: Nine green recoveries in a row. But here's what happened next. If you look at the graph…I just went about life as usual. I trained hard. My recovery dropped. And that became perhaps an even more important part of the experiment. Because this time I didn't panic. I didn't interpret one lower score as failure. I simply returned to the consistent behaviors that had been working in my GREEN streak. Sleep. Hydration. Movement. Stress management. Recovery time. And within a few days, the stronger recovery scores returned. That taught me something important: Predictable performance does NOT mean perfect performance. It means that you've got to find a system you know how to return to. My GREEN scores are now predictable. STORY TWO — FIND THE LEVER Around the same time, another WHOOP user turned to me and asked “why am I stuck in RED (unrecovered) everyday?” His pattern looked completely different. His monthly recovery average was around 41%. Lots of yellow. Lots of red. And very little improvement. Instead of randomly changing everything, we looked at the inputs. Sleep. Stress. Training load. Recovery time. Hydration. And one variable stood out to me. Hydration. So rather than redesigning his entire life, we focused on consistently improving that one behavior. When I say he improved hydration, we increased not just water, but we added an electrolyte drink (Liquid IV sugar free[i]) to his water to replenish minerals like sodium and potassium that he was losing from sweating in the 115 degree weather we are experiencing at the moment in AZ. Then we watched the data. His recovery pattern improved. More yellows appeared. His averages increased. And his recovery became more consistent. Today I asked him what he's noticed with this one change, and he let me know that his scores have been creeping up slowly. No green scores yet, but he's high yellow, which shows me that he's cracking his recovery recipe. Now, that doesn't mean hydration is the magic answer for everyone. That's not the lesson. The lesson is: Find YOUR lever. For one person, it might be hydration. For someone else, it might be sleep. Alcohol. Stress. Training volume. Late-night eating. Travel. Or simply not allowing enough recovery between difficult training sessions. Your job isn't to copy someone else's system perfectly. Your job is to use feedback to discover what matters most for you. Find your gap in your recovery system and you unlock more consistent, predictable performance. TAKEAWAY #1 STOP GUESSING. START MEASURING. You cannot recognize a pattern you aren't observing. And you don't need WHOOP to do this. Just find what tool works best for you. You could track five simple things each morning: Sleep How well did I sleep? Energy How energetic do I feel? Stress How stressed or regulated do I feel? Movement What did I do yesterday? Recovery behaviors Did I hydrate, recover and give my body what it needed? Give each category a simple score out of 10. Then look at the entire week. Not just one day. TIP TO IMPLEMENT: For the next seven days, spend 30 seconds each morning recording: Hours of sleep Energy from 1–10 Stress from 1–10 Yesterday's movement One recovery behavior Don't change anything yet. First, collect information. Look for patterns before looking for the solution. THE BIG REALIZATION As I studied both experiments, the framework became obvious. Recovery isn't something that simply happens to us. There are many things we can't control. But every day we can influence the probability of recovering well. Our choices create patterns. Patterns create trends. Trends influence adaptation. And over enough time... those adaptations influence performance. Which brings us to the system. THE PREDICTABLE PERFORMANCE SYSTEM™ There are five steps. STEP 1 — MEASURE Awareness comes first. Track enough information to recognize trends. But remember: The goal isn't to become obsessed with data. (I'm borderline obsessed with mine). The goal is to use data to make better decisions. ASK YOURSELF: What's improving? What did I do to get this improvement? Write it down. What's declining? What did I do to tank my score? Write it down. And what repeatedly happens before each pattern? Learn your recovery recipe. What works for you? What does not work? TIP: Look at your weekly average instead of judging yourself by one day. One bad night doesn't define your health. One hard workout doesn't destroy your fitness. One red recovery doesn't erase your progress. Look for the trend. Learn what your personal recipe for success is. STEP 2 — MOVE Movement is the input. This is where Phase 3 begins. Movement challenges the system. We don't want to aim for a month of all green or high recoveries, because then we aren't challenging our system. Movement activates the brain and body and provides the stimulus from which adaptation can occur. But movement doesn't always mean crushing yourself in the gym. It might mean: Walking. Strength training. Hiking. Mobility. Cycling. Running. Playing a sport. Or simply interrupting long periods of sitting. TIP TO IMPLEMENT: Ask yourself each morning: "How will I move today?" Don't leave movement to chance. Put something on the calendar. Even a 20-minute walk counts. Consistency matters. STEP 3 — RECOVER This is the step I underestimated for years. I understood effort. I understood discipline. I understood training. But I didn't fully appreciate that the work isn't complete when the workout ends. The brain and body still have to process the stimulus. So recovery becomes an active part of the performance system. Protect sleep. Hydrate. Manage stress. Build recovery into the schedule. And learn when not to push. TIP TO IMPLEMENT: Create what I call your Recovery Minimums. Choose three behaviors that you protect even during busy weeks. For example: My Recovery Minimums ✓ Consistent sleep (going to bed and waking up at the same time) ✓ Daily hydration (I use liquid IV in the day and LMNT hot chocolate at night) ✓ Daily movement (I walk every morning, hike on the weekends, fit in gym workouts and strength training) to keep movement going. ✓ Stress regulation (always a work in progress, but breath work is my current way to manage stress) ✓ Time for recovery (I stack meditation and infrared sauna use together to save time). Your list may look different. But decide what your minimums are before life gets busy and you aren't putting time into recovery. STEP 4 — ADAPT This is the part we usually can't see. And it's one of the reasons people quit too early. Adaptation happens behind the scenes. You train. You recover. And your system responds. Over time, movement becomes easier. Your capacity expands. Your cardiovascular system becomes more efficient. Skills become more automatic. Your tolerance for challenge increases. Then one day... something that once felt difficult feels normal. TIP TO IMPLEMENT: Don't only measure outcomes. Look for evidence of adaptation. Ask: Is this workout getting easier? Am I recovering faster? Is my resting heart rate trending differently? Am I sleeping better? Look for how many wakes you have each night. Can I handle more work without feeling depleted? Is my concentration improving? Am I stronger? Do I have more energy? Those are clues that the system is adapting. STEP 5 — PERFORM This is where most people want to start. Results. Achievement. The High Performance. But performance isn't Step One. It's Step Five. First we provide the stimulus. We move. Then we recover. Then we adapt. And eventually... performance becomes evidence that the earlier steps worked. You will notice you can sit longer, stay focused on one task, and see tasks through to completion. This changes the question from: "How can I perform better today?" to: "What can I do today that makes better performance more likely tomorrow?" That's a very different way of thinking. TAKEAWAY #2 DON'T TRY TO FIX EVERYTHING. One of the most useful things we learned from the second recovery experiment was that sometimes one behavior acts as a bottleneck. For the person with the low recovery score, hydration appeared to be an important lever. Stick to changing ONE thing at a time. When I first saw his HRV, I wanted to go there, but we started with hydration. So here's something you can try. Look at your own patterns and ask: "What is the ONE behavior that would make everything else work better?" Maybe it's getting to bed earlier. Maybe it's drinking more water. Maybe it's moving every day. Maybe it's reducing alcohol. Maybe it's taking a recovery day. Maybe it's managing evening stress. Start there. TIP: Run a seven-day experiment. Change one variable. Keep everything else reasonably consistent. Track what happens. Then evaluate. Don't guess. Test. This has been the most eye-opening part of finding my own personal recipe for high performance. Once you uncover yours, you can create your own predictable formula for high performance. TAKEAWAY #3 CREATE A BASELINE YOU CAN RETURN TO. One of the biggest changes in my thinking came after the nine-green streak ended. My recovery dropped after hard training. But I knew what to do. I returned to the system. That's resilience. Not maintaining perfect conditions forever. But knowing how to return to your baseline when life knocks you away from it. Ask yourself: "When everything gets busy, what behaviors bring me back?" Write them down. That becomes your reset protocol. That's how I was able to create high recoveries the past few days making my monthly recovery a 16% increase over last month. TAKEAWAY #4 RECOVERY IS THE BRIDGE While developing this framework, I kept seeing the same image in my mind. A bridge. On one side is today's effort. On the other side is tomorrow's capability. Recovery is the bridge connecting the two. Without sufficient recovery, today's effort may never fully become tomorrow's capacity. With recovery, we give the brain and body an opportunity to adapt. Today's habits create the conditions for today's recovery. Recovery supports tomorrow's adaptation. Adaptation creates future capacity. And expanded capacity improves performance. That's the system. YOUR 7-DAY PREDICTABLE PERFORMANCE EXPERIMENT Here's your action step from today's episode. For the next seven days: MEASURE Track sleep, energy, stress and how overall recovered you feel each day. If you don't have a device to do this, just rank yourself on a scale of 0-10. MOVE Do something intentional every day. RECOVER Protect the recovery behaviors you've identified as most important. Mine are daily meditation, journaling, hydration, breath work and sauna use. LOOK FOR ADAPTATION Notice what begins becoming easier or more consistent. Where do you feel stronger? REVIEW YOUR PERFORMANCE At the end of seven days, ask: What improved? What got worse? What behavior had the biggest effect? What should I repeat next week? That's it. You're not trying to create a perfect week. You're trying to learn how your own system works. I don't know what your recipe for high performance will look like, but once you've got this recipe, your life will never be the same. THE BIG TAKEAWAY After nearly 2,000 recovery scores, here's what I believe matters most. Don't chase the score. Chase the behaviors that create the score. (Notice what they are—write them down). Don't chase one perfect workout. Build consistency. Don't panic when the data drops. Investigate. Don't change ten things at once. Find the lever. And above all... don't confuse effort with adaptation. Sometimes the thing that moves us forward isn't doing more. It's allowing the work we've already done to become part of us. The goal isn't perfect recovery. The goal isn't nine green days (while I've got my eye on how I can make this 10)… The goal isn't controlling every variable in our lives. The goal is to create a system that makes better outcomes more likely. Better days become better weeks. Better weeks become better months. And over enough time... what once felt difficult can become your new normal. REVIEW AND CONCLUSION To review and conclude BONUS EPISODE 2: Find the Gap—How Recovery Unlocks Predictable Performance, here's where we are in The Brain's Operating System. Phase 1 taught us to regulate. Before we can learn, perform, or grow, we need the biological conditions that support safety and stability. Phase 2 taught us what drives us to act. We explored motivation, dopamine, beliefs, attention, and the internal chemistry that moves us toward a goal. And now... Phase 3 is teaching us how we change. We move. We create a stimulus. We recover. The brain and body adapt. Our capacity expands. And eventually, that adaptation shows up as better performance. That's why today's framework matters. Because when performance feels inconsistent, the answer isn't always to work harder. Sometimes we need to ask: Where is the gap in my system? Is it movement? Sleep? Hydration? Stress? Recovery time? Consistency? Because when we can identify the gap, we can begin to change the input. And when we change the input consistently... we create new conditions for adaptation. That's how performance begins to change. So remember the sequence: Measure. Move. Recover. Adapt. Perform. And then repeat. Because performance isn't a finish line. It's feedback from the system you're building. When we complete Phase 3, we'll soon move into Phase 4—Connection, Emotion & Social Intelligence, where another layer enters the system: Other people. Relationships. Emotion. Trust. Communication. Empathy. Leadership. And then in Phase 5—Integration & Human Performance, we'll bring everything together: Regulation. Motivation. Movement. Recovery. Emotion. Relationships. Learning. Purpose. And performance. Because ultimately, no system works in isolation. Human performance is the result of all of these systems working together. FINAL TAKEAWAY If there's one idea I hope you remember from today's episode, it's this: Don't just chase the outcome. Study the system producing it. If your results aren't where you want them to be... find the gap. Because the gap may not be in your effort. It may be in your recovery. And when you find the gap in your recovery system... you unlock your next level of adaptation, capacity, and performance. Thank you for joining me for this second Bonus Episode. If today's framework helped connect the dots for you, I'd love to hear what you discover. What's the one habit that has the greatest impact on your recovery and performance? Sleep? Movement? Hydration? Stress management? Recovery time? And if you try the 7-Day Predictable Performance Experiment, pay attention to what your own data teaches you. Not whether every day is perfect. But what patterns begin to emerge. Until next time... Keep measuring. Keep moving. Keep recovering. Give your brain and body time to adapt. And keep building the systems that make better performance more predictable. Have an incredible week and we'll see you on EP 405 where we revisit Dr. Kristen Holmes and dive deep into more ways to improve our recovery., RESOURCES: Phase 1: Regulation & Safety The Foundation Core Question: Is the nervous system safe enough to learn? Everything begins with regulation. Before we can focus, learn, lead, or perform, the brain first asks one fundamental question: Am I safe? Throughout Phase 1, our guests showed us that regulation isn't simply about reducing stress—it's about creating the biological conditions that allow the brain to learn, adapt, and thrive. Together we explored: Baland Jalal – how sleep, curiosity, imagination, and creativity prepare the brain for learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/ Dr. Bruce Perry – why regulation, rhythm, and relationships form the foundation of every healthy nervous system. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/safety-first-why-a-regulated-brain-is-the-key-to-learning/ Dr. Sui Wong – how lifestyle medicine and autonomic balance build lifelong brain resilience. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/your-eyes-the-brain-s-early-warning-system/ Rohan Dixit – how heart rate variability gives us real-time feedback on our ability to regulate stress. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/breathe-to-reset-how-hrv-tech-reveals-hidden-stress/ Dr. Kristen Holmes – how recovery metrics reveal our physiological readiness to perform. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/kristen-holmes-from-whoopcom-on-unlocking-a-better-you-measuring-sleep-recovery-and-strain/ Dr. Antonio Zadra – how sleep and dreaming consolidate memories, regulate emotions, and generate insight. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/when-brains-dream-how-sleep-integrates-emotion-insight-and-creativity/ Together these conversations taught us that sleep and stress regulation aren't optional—they're the operating system that allows every higher brain function to work. Phase 2: Motivation & Neurochemistry The Direction Core Question: What moves us into action? Once the brain feels safe, it becomes ready to pursue goals. In Phase 2, we explored the internal chemistry that transforms intention into action. Our experts helped us understand that sustainable motivation isn't about willpower—it's about aligning our beliefs, thoughts, attention, energy, and movement. Together we discovered: Bob Proctor — our beliefs determine the direction of our lives. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/belief-first-the-neuroscience-of-motivation/ Dr. Carolyn Leaf — our thinking literally changes our brain chemistry. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/thoughts-as-biology-how-your-mind-shapes-neurochemistry/ Dr. John Medina — attention determines what the brain encodes and remembers. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/theory-of-mind-the-missing-link-between-attention-reward-and-motivation Dr. Anna Lembke- Dopamine, Motivation and Why the Brain Repeats Behavior https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/dopamine-nation-the-pleasure%e2%80%93pain-balance-that-drives-motivation/ Dr. Friederike Fabritius — managing our energy allows high performance to become sustainable. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/fun-fear-focus-closing-the-motivation-loop/ Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — movement activates the brain, preparing it to learn. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/move-to-learn-how-movement-activates-the-brain-and-fuels-motivation/ By the end of Phase 2, we introduced what became The Motivation Loop, showing how beliefs influence thoughts, thoughts influence actions, actions create results, and results reinforce future beliefs. Phase 3: Movement, Learning & Human Performance The Transformation Core Question: How does movement change the brain—and how does recovery transform that change into performance? Now we're taking the next step. Phase 3 builds on everything we've learned so far. If Phase 1 created a regulated nervous system... If Phase 2 created motivation and direction... Phase 3 explains how the brain and body actually become stronger. Together we've explored this process through conversations with: Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — why movement activates the brain before learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ Dr. John Ratey — how exercise builds a healthier, younger brain. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-matters-how-every-move-rewires-the-brain/ Dr. Kristen Holmes — why recovery determines adaptation and readiness. Dr. John Medina — how attention transforms movement into lasting learning. Jason Whitrock — how metabolism and cellular energy fuel long-term performance. WHERE WE ARE GOING NEXT Phase 4 — Connection, Emotion & Social Intelligence The Human System Core Question: How do we thrive with other people? The brain didn't evolve in isolation—it evolved through relationships. In Phase 4, we'll explore emotional intelligence, empathy, communication, trust, leadership, and psychological safety to understand how our relationships shape learning, well-being, and performance. Phase 5 — Integration & Human Performance The Complete System Core Question: How do all the systems work together? In our final phase, we'll bring everything together—regulation, motivation, movement, emotion, relationships, learning, and recovery—into one integrated framework. We'll discover how these systems work together to create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. REFERENCES: [i] Liquid IV https://www.liquid-iv.com/collections/hydration-multiplier-sugar-free
Dr. Kristen Holmes is the Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist at WHOOP, where she leads pioneering research on the interplay between physiological metrics and behavioral patterns Today on the show we discuss why sleep consistency can matter more than duration, how caffeine can sabotage recovery even when you fall asleep easily, why alcohol and marijuana leave you unconscious but not deeply restored, how daytime stress and artificial light disrupt your nervous system at night, the simple daily routine that resets your circadian rhythm, and how Kristen healed from trauma and stopped tying her self-worth to achievement. Thank you to today's sponsor: Momentous Try Momentous Signature Spec Creatine: https://www.livemomentous.com Use code ADVERSITY for up to 35% off your entire first order Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Women's health has long been underserved by research, leaving many women without the information they need to understand their own bodies. On this week's episode of the WHOOP Podcast, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist Dr. Kristen Holmes sits down with Dr. Elina Berglund Scherwitzl, Co-Founder & CEO of Natural Cycles° and Nobel Prize-winning particle physicist. The conversation explores how data is transforming women's reproductive health.After helping discover the Higgs boson, Dr. Berglund Scherwitzl turned her expertise in physics and data science toward her own health journey by creating the world's first and only FDA-cleared birth control app. Together, Dr. Holmes and Dr. Berglund Scherwitzl discuss how wearable technology and physiological data are giving women unprecedented insight into fertility, pregnancy planning, menstrual health, and perimenopause.The conversation explores the new WHOOP and Natural Cycles° integration, designed to make women's health feel less overwhelming and more intuitive by combining continuous wearable data with advanced insights on fertility, hormonal health, and perimenopause. Dr. Holmes and Dr. Berglund Scherwitzl discuss how body temperature and other biomarkers reveal hormonal changes, why perimenopause often begins earlier than many women realize, and how passive, personalized insights can reduce uncertainty, ease mental load, and empower women to make informed decisions about their health at every stage of life.(00:00) Cold Open (00:37) Meet The Scientist Behind Natural Cycles°(01:00) Why Dr. Berglund Scherwitzl Started Natural Cycles°(04:35) The Only FDA-Cleared Birth Control App(05:54) The WHOOP x Natural Cycles° Partnership(07:51) The Early Signs of Perimenopause (And How To Track Them)(13:08) What Really Happens To Your Hormones Over Time(17:34) Why Understanding Your Body Changes Everything(19:09) Your Sleep Could Reveal Early Signs of Perimenopause(22:03) The Small Habits That Make A Big Difference(24:14) The Most Common Menstrual Cycle Myths(26:09) What Your Wearable Can Tell You About Your Hormones(27:07) The Truth About Fertility Timing(29:16) Knowing Which Symptoms Matter Most(31:36) HRT: What Women Should Know(34:10) What You Can Expect From The WHOOP x Natural Cycles° Partnership(37:05) The Future of Women's HealthFollow Dr. Elina Berglund Scherwitzl:LinkedInWebsiteFollow Natural Cycles°:InstagramYouTubeWebsiteSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInFollow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
Send us Fan MailWhat happens when you refuse to stop asking questions?In Episode 491 of Leave Your Mark, I sit down with Steven Copobianco—better known to many as "Capo"—to explore a career that has been defined by curiosity, continuous learning, and a relentless desire to better serve people.Steve is a clinician, educator, innovator, and co-founder of RockTape. A graduate of Palmer College of Chiropractic West with a Diplomate in Rehabilitation and Certified Strength & Conditioning Specialist designation, he has spent more than two decades teaching clinicians around the world to think differently about movement, rehabilitation, and performance.But this conversation goes far beyond credentials.We trace Steve's journey from growing up on a farm near Barrie, Ontario, to his love of hockey and the Boston Bruins, through York University, Florida, Palmer West, and eventually to building one of the most recognizable education companies in rehabilitation.Along the way, we discuss the value of observation, why you don't need to be an expert in every sport to understand movement, how working with individuals with cerebral palsy changed the trajectory of his career, and why the best clinicians eventually stop treating body parts and start seeing the person in front of them.We also talk about entrepreneurship, fatherhood, community, and how success often comes from being willing to leave the comfort of what you know in pursuit of what you might become.If you're a clinician, coach, therapist, or simply someone who believes that growth begins with curiosity, you'll find plenty to take away from this conversation.Enjoy Episode 491 with Steven Copobianco.If you liked this EP, please take the time to rate and comment, share with a friend, and connect with us on social channels IG @Kingopain, TW @BuiltbyScott, LI+FB Scott Livingston. You can find all things LYM at www.LYMLab.com, download your free Life Lab Starter Kit today and get busy living https://lymlab.com/free-lym-lab-starter/Please take the time to visit and connect with our sponsors, they are an essential part of our success:www.ReconditioningHQ.comwww.FreePainGuide.com
In this episode Andrea Samadi explores Phase Three of the Brain's Operating System — how movement acts as the essential input that activates the brain, sharpens attention, boosts learning, and improves social and emotional readiness. Drawing on Dr. John Ratey's insights and related neuroscience research, she explains the chain reaction from exercise to brain activation, learning, and adaptation. The episode also emphasizes the vital role of recovery in consolidating gains so movement leads to lasting performance improvements, and invites listeners to adopt movement as a daily catalyst for clearer thinking, better learning, and greater resilience. Dr. John Ratey and The Movement Loop On this episode 404, we will: Explore where Dr. John Ratey's groundbreaking research fits within the Movement Loop. Understand how movement activates the brain and prepares us to learn. Discover why attention is the gateway to learning and performance. Connect Dr. Ratey's work with Dr. Chuck Hillman, Dr. John Medina, Kristen Holmes, and Jason Whitrock to see the bigger picture. Learn how movement becomes lasting human performance by building our capacity over time. How Movement Becomes Human Performance Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast. I'm Andrea Samadi, and on this podcast, we bridge the science behind social and emotional learning, emotional intelligence, and practical neuroscience so we can create measurable improvements in well-being, achievement, productivity, and results. If you've been following along through Season 16, you'll know we've been building what I call The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a neuroscience-based framework that explains how movement, recovery, and adaptation work together to improve our health, learning, leadership, and performance. Over the past seven years and more than 400 episodes, I've had the privilege of interviewing neuroscientists, physicians, psychologists, educators, and high performers from around the world. As I looked across those conversations, I realized they weren't isolated ideas—they were pieces of a much larger system. I've organized that system into five interconnected phases that mirror how we grow and develop throughout life. And as we work through each of these phases, we are sharpening our saw for productivity, learning and high performance, really, with the brain and body in mind. Phase 1 is Regulation and Safety, we launched on EP 384[i] with Dr. Baland Jalal on Sleep, Safety and Curiosity. This phase is where we build the foundation by understanding the nervous system, stress, emotions, and the importance of creating internal and external safety before learning or productivity can take place. Phase 2 is Neurochemistry and Motivation, where we explore how dopamine, reward, purpose, and emotional regulation influence our choices, habits, and sustained effort. Today, we're in Phase 3: Movement, Learning, and Cognition. This is where movement becomes the catalyst that prepares the brain to pay attention, learn, adapt, and ultimately perform at a higher level. In Phase 4, we'll discover how perception and social intelligence shape the way we understand ourselves, communicate, build trust, and strengthen relationships. And finally, in Phase 5, we'll bring everything together through integration and meaning—understanding how our experiences become wisdom, resilience, purpose, and lifelong growth. Each phase builds on the one before it, because meaningful human performance isn't created in a single breakthrough—it's built one system at a time. Together, they create what I believe is the brain's operating system for human performance. If we want to improve the entire big picture of our results, we can dive deeper into these 5 phases to see what areas we could sharpen a bit. I've put the individual episodes of each phase in the show notes for a deeper dive. Today's episode is one of those foundational pieces of Phase 3. Because before we can improve performance, we first need to understand how movement changes the brain. In Episode 402[ii], we introduced The Movement Loop, built around one simple idea: Movement is the input—it's what we do. Recovery enables adaptation—it's how the brain and body grow stronger. Performance is the outcome—the results we can see, feel, and measure. Every cycle expands our capacity to learn, lead, and perform. Every movement we make sends a signal to the brain and body. That signal activates the brain— increasing blood flow, neurotransmitters, and neuroplasticity—preparing us to pay attention and learn. When movement is followed by adequate recovery, the brain and body adapt. Those adaptations become the foundation for better performance—whether that's learning more effectively, thinking more clearly, leading with greater confidence, or improving our physical health. Then, in Episode 403[iii], Dr. Chuck Hillman helped us understand why movement changes the brain. We learned that every step increases blood flow, stimulates the release of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor—BDNF, often called fertilizer for the brain—and prepares the neural networks responsible for attention, learning, memory, and executive function. But understanding why movement changes the brain is only part of the story. Today's episode answers a different question: What does that actually look like in real life? How does movement change our brain? To answer that question, we're returning to one of my favorite interviews from March of 2021 with Harvard psychiatrist and bestselling author Dr. John Ratey, whose groundbreaking book Spark helped change the way millions of people think about exercise and the brain. Now, you might be wondering... "Andrea, didn't we already review Dr. Ratey's work in Episodes 375[iv] and 376[v]?" We did. But today isn't simply another review. Today we're looking at Dr. Ratey's work through an entirely new lens. When we first interviewed Dr. Ratey in 2021, I knew movement was important. But after spending the past several years interviewing experts like Dr. Chuck Hillman, Dr. John Medina, Dr. Kristen Holmes, Jason Whitrock, and hundreds of others—and measuring my own health and performance data that we'll explore throughout this season's bonus episodes—I now understand exactly where Dr. Ratey's research fits inside the Movement Loop. As I looked across all of those conversations, I realized they weren't isolated ideas. They were pieces of one much larger system. Today we're in Phase 3: Movement, Learning, and Cognition—the phase where movement becomes the catalyst for attention, learning, adaptation, and ultimately, human performance. In the coming phases, we'll discover how perception shapes our relationships, and finally how everything integrates into meaning, purpose, and lifelong growth. Today's conversation with Dr. Ratey is one of the foundational building blocks of Phase 3. Why This Matters If you've listened to this podcast for a while, you've probably heard me talk about movement as one of the few true non-negotiables in my day. Before my workday begins, I've already made time to move—not because I'm training for a race or trying to burn calories, but because I know how profoundly movement changes the way my brain performs. The research is clear. Movement prepares the brain to pay attention, learn more effectively, regulate emotions, solve problems, and perform at a higher level. I've experienced these benefits firsthand. On the days I move first, I think more clearly, I'm more productive, and I'm better equipped to handle whatever challenges the day brings. And I imagine many of you listening have experienced the same thing. Once you begin noticing how movement changes your thinking, it becomes much easier to make it a consistent part of your life. Why This Season Exists That's why my hope for Season 16 isn't simply to convince you that exercise is good for you. My goal is much bigger than that. It's to demonstrate why movement is the first step in The movement loop—and to show how every movement you make begins a chain reaction that improves learning, health, leadership, and performance. With every cycle, we don't just improve today's performance. We expand our capacity for tomorrow. As we continue exploring the Movement Loop, I hope you'll begin to see movement differently—not as another item on your to-do list, but as the input that starts an entire system of growth. Because movement isn't the goal. Movement is the beginning of everything that follows. CLIP 1: Movement Primes the Brain for Learning CLIP 1: Social Connection Reflection: Where This Fits in the Movement Loop Let's review Clip 1 with Dr. Ratey. When we listen to his clip through that lens, every sentence he shares fits into a specific step of the process. Reviewing Dr. Ratey, through the lens of The Movement Loop. Step 1: Movement — The Input Everything begins with movement. Movement is the signal we send to the brain and body that says: "It's time to wake up. It's time to adapt." Without movement, nothing else in the loop begins. As Dr. Ratey says, movement is what "turns on the thinking parts of the brain." Step 2: Brain Activation — The Brain Wakes Up This is exactly what we learned from Dr. Chuck Hillman in Episode 403[vi]. Movement immediately increases blood flow to the brain. It activates neurotransmitters. It stimulates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, or BDNF, helping create the ideal environment for learning. Dr. Hillman explained what is happening biologically. Dr. Ratey in this clip explains what we experience. You suddenly feel more alert. More awake. More ready to think. These are two perspectives describing the same process. Step 3: Attention — The Gateway to Learning This is where Dr. Ratey's words become especially powerful. He says movement helps us: stay with an idea, focus longer, evaluate information, scan our memory, and even simply stay seated long enough to think through something difficult. That isn't just better concentration. That's improved attention, and attention is the gateway to learning. Without attention, very little learning takes place. Movement prepares the brain to pay attention. At this point in the interview, he was referencing the fact that I had told him that I couldn't write podcast episodes on this topic without moving my body first. In the early days of this podcast, I found the science very difficult to understand. A couple of times I did think that this topic was over my head, and almost considered giving up. Almost, but very grateful for where the learning took me that I stuck it through. Step 4: Learning — Building New Neural Connections Once attention improves, learning becomes possible. Now the brain can: process information, make connections, strengthen memories, and solve problems more effectively. This is why Dr. Ratey says movement helps us become better learners, better thinkers, better workers, and better students. Movement isn't improving muscles first. It's improving the brain's ability to learn. Step 5: Social and Emotional Readiness One part of this interview that has become even more meaningful over time is Dr. Ratey's explanation of social connection. Exercise doesn't only improve cognition. It also changes our emotional state. We're more motivated. We regulate our emotions more effectively. We become more socially connected. Dr. Ratey explains that movement increases oxytocin—the hormone associated with bonding and trust—making us more open to connecting with others. That's important because learning has always been social. Whether we're in a classroom, at work, or with our families, our ability to connect with other people influences how well we learn, communicate, and perform. Movement prepares us socially as well as cognitively. Step 6: Recovery and Adaptation — Where Lasting Change Happens Now here's the part I didn't fully appreciate back in 2021. Everything Dr. Ratey has described prepares the brain for learning. But those immediate benefits only become lasting improvements if they're followed by recovery. Recovery is when the brain consolidates learning. It's when new neural connections are strengthened. It's when adaptation occurs. This is where Kristen Holmes' work on recovery fits perfectly into the Movement Loop. We recently reviewed our 2021 interview with Kristen Holmes on EP 390[vii] “What Gets Measured Improves: Sleep, Recovery and Strain” and it was Dr. Holmes who was (not the first person to notice I could improve my recovery scores) but was stern enough with me about how important that it was, and how I was leaving a lot off the table by not getting enough sleep/recovery to match the strain I was pushing towards each day. Movement starts the process. Recovery completes it. And together (this won't happen if one is missing) they create adaptation—the biological changes that make us stronger, healthier, and more resilient over time. The Big Takeaway When I first interviewed Dr. John Ratey in 2021, I thought he was teaching us why exercise is good for the brain. Today, after years of interviewing neuroscientists, physicians, performance experts, and educators, I see something much bigger. Dr. Ratey wasn't simply describing the benefits of exercise. He was describing the beginning of a biological process. Movement is the input. Movement activates the brain. The activated brain becomes ready to focus, learn, regulate emotions, and connect with others. Learning, when supported by recovery, leads to adaptation. Adaptation creates better performance. And every time we move through that cycle, we expand our capacity to meet tomorrow's challenges. That's the Movement Loop. It's not just a framework for understanding exercise. It's a framework for understanding how the brain changes, how we grow, and how human performance is built—one movement at a time. Review and Conclusion: The Movement Loop and Dr. Ratey To review and conclude what we've learned today. Dr. Ratey's interview wasn't simply about why exercise is good for the brain. It was about how movement begins a chain reaction that changes the way we learn, think, and perform. We discovered that: Movement is the input. Every movement sends a signal to the brain and body that it's time to change. Movement activates the brain. Blood flow increases. Neurotransmitters increase. BDNF begins preparing the brain for learning. The activated brain becomes ready. Attention improves. Executive function sharpens. Emotions become easier to regulate. We're even more prepared to connect with other people. That readiness makes learning possible. New neural pathways begin to form. The brain starts building stronger and more efficient networks. But learning doesn't end when the workout ends. Recovery allows the brain to consolidate what movement started. Recovery creates adaptation. Adaptation creates better performance. And every time we complete that cycle, we expand our capacity for whatever challenge comes next. That's the Movement Loop. This is something I've learned through years of interviewing experts, but also through measuring my own health and performance. The days I move first are always the days I think more clearly. I'm more creative with what I write as well as making connections that are important to me in my day to day life. More productive- with the entire day (family and work). More patient (with my kids and family) More present and clear. Movement doesn't solve every problem. But it prepares us to solve problems better, and increases our capacity and productivity. And that's a lesson I'll keep coming back to throughout this season. Coming Next… But there's still one important question we haven't answered. If movement activates the brain... why do some people consistently improve --while others seem to work just as hard without seeing the same results? Is it genetics? Motivation? Discipline? Or is there something happening between today's effort and tomorrow's performance? Next week, in Bonus Episode 2, we'll answer that question. We'll explore what I call The Predictable Performance System and look at years of my own recovery data to understand why recovery isn't simply the opposite of training—it's the bridge between today's habits and tomorrow's performance. Because the difference between predictable and unpredictable results... isn't luck. It's recovery. It's how we are balancing how much we push with how much we are able to rest/recover. Until next time... Keep moving. Protect your recovery. Build your capacity. And continue designing your brain's operating system for lifelong learning, health, leadership, and human performance. Thanks for joining me. I'll see you next week. RESOURCES: Clip 1 Movement and the Brain Dr. Ratey https://www.youtube.com/shorts/bbB4NzsnyQ0 Clip 1 Social Connection Dr. Ratey https://www.youtube.com/shorts/bbB4NzsnyQ0 Phase 1: Regulation & Safety The Foundation Core Question: Is the nervous system safe enough to learn? Everything begins with regulation. Before we can focus, learn, lead, or perform, the brain first asks one fundamental question: Am I safe? Throughout Phase 1, our guests showed us that regulation isn't simply about reducing stress—it's about creating the biological conditions that allow the brain to learn, adapt, and thrive. Together we explored: Baland Jalal – how sleep, curiosity, imagination, and creativity prepare the brain for learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/ Dr. Bruce Perry – why regulation, rhythm, and relationships form the foundation of every healthy nervous system. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/safety-first-why-a-regulated-brain-is-the-key-to-learning/ Dr. Sui Wong – how lifestyle medicine and autonomic balance build lifelong brain resilience. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/your-eyes-the-brain-s-early-warning-system/ Rohan Dixit – how heart rate variability gives us real-time feedback on our ability to regulate stress. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/breathe-to-reset-how-hrv-tech-reveals-hidden-stress/ Dr. Kristen Holmes – how recovery metrics reveal our physiological readiness to perform. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/kristen-holmes-from-whoopcom-on-unlocking-a-better-you-measuring-sleep-recovery-and-strain/ Dr. Antonio Zadra – how sleep and dreaming consolidate memories, regulate emotions, and generate insight. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/when-brains-dream-how-sleep-integrates-emotion-insight-and-creativity/ Together these conversations taught us that sleep and stress regulation aren't optional—they're the operating system that allows every higher brain function to work. Phase 2: Motivation & Neurochemistry The Direction Core Question: What moves us into action? Once the brain feels safe, it becomes ready to pursue goals. In Phase 2, we explored the internal chemistry that transforms intention into action. Our experts helped us understand that sustainable motivation isn't about willpower—it's about aligning our beliefs, thoughts, attention, energy, and movement. Together we discovered: Bob Proctor — our beliefs determine the direction of our lives. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/belief-first-the-neuroscience-of-motivation/ Dr. Carolyn Leaf — our thinking literally changes our brain chemistry. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/thoughts-as-biology-how-your-mind-shapes-neurochemistry/ Dr. John Medina — attention determines what the brain encodes and remembers. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/theory-of-mind-the-missing-link-between-attention-reward-and-motivation Dr. Anna Lembke- Dopamine, Motivation and Why the Brain Repeats Behavior https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/dopamine-nation-the-pleasure%e2%80%93pain-balance-that-drives-motivation/ Dr. Friederike Fabritius — managing our energy allows high performance to become sustainable. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/fun-fear-focus-closing-the-motivation-loop/ Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — movement activates the brain, preparing it to learn. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/move-to-learn-how-movement-activates-the-brain-and-fuels-motivation/ By the end of Phase 2, we introduced what became The Motivation Loop, showing how beliefs influence thoughts, thoughts influence actions, actions create results, and results reinforce future beliefs. Phase 3: Movement, Learning & Human Performance The Transformation Core Question: How does movement change the brain—and how does recovery transform that change into performance? Now we're taking the next step. Phase 3 builds on everything we've learned so far. If Phase 1 created a regulated nervous system... If Phase 2 created motivation and direction... Phase 3 explains how the brain and body actually become stronger. Together we've explored this process through conversations with: Dr. Chuck Hillman & Paul Zientarski — why movement activates the brain before learning. https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ Dr. John Ratey — how exercise builds a healthier, younger brain. Dr. Kristen Holmes — why recovery determines adaptation and readiness. Dr. John Medina — how attention transforms movement into lasting learning. Jason Whitrock — how metabolism and cellular energy fuel long-term performance. WHERE WE ARE GOING NEXT Phase 4 — Connection, Emotion & Social Intelligence The Human System Core Question: How do we thrive with other people? The brain didn't evolve in isolation—it evolved through relationships. In Phase 4, we'll explore emotional intelligence, empathy, communication, trust, leadership, and psychological safety to understand how our relationships shape learning, well-being, and performance. Phase 5 — Integration & Human Performance The Complete System Core Question: How do all the systems work together? In our final phase, we'll bring everything together—regulation, motivation, movement, emotion, relationships, learning, and recovery—into one integrated framework. We'll discover how these systems work together to create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. REFERENCES: [i] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 384 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/hypnagogic-genius-capture-your-best-ideas-at-the-edge-of-sleep/ [ii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 402 “Phase 3 Intro: How Movement Builds the Brain https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-loop-how-everyday-action-rewires-your-brain-and-boosts-performance/ [iii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 403 “How movement Activates the Brain and Learning” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ [iv] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 375 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/how-exercise-primes-the-brain-insights-from-dr-john-rady/ [v] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 376 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/move-eat-connect-3-science-backed-keys-to-brain-health-ep-376/ [vi] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 403 “How movement Activates the Brain and Learning” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ [vii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 390 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/what-gets-measured-gets-improved-sleep-recovery-peak-performance/
Andrea Samadi shares a five-year self-experiment using a WHOOP wearable to track sleep, recovery, movement, and biological age. She reveals how daily low-intensity movement and consistent recovery—not one intense workout—produced lasting improvements in heart rate, recovery scores, and biological age. Andrea distills five lessons: movement prepares the brain, consistency beats intensity, recovery is where adaptation happens, small habits compound over time, and every step is an investment in your future brain. Practical takeaways include walking daily, adding 2–3 strength sessions per week, protecting sleep, and tracking trends instead of perfection. In this Bonus Episode you'll learn: Why recovery matters more than you think. What 1,905 recoveries taught me about human performance. Why consistency beats intensity. How movement changes the brain. How to create lasting biological adaptation. Why every walk is an investment in your future brain. EPISODE BONUS Move Today. Recover Tonight. Younger Tomorrow. Five Years. 1,905 Recoveries. One Lesson That Changed Everything. Welcome Back Welcome back to the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast. I'm Andrea Samadi. Over the past seven years, I've had the privilege of interviewing many of the world's leading experts in neuroscience, psychology, learning, leadership, health, and human performance. Throughout Season 16, we've been connecting those conversations into a simple framework I call The Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—a practical way of understanding how the brain and body work together to help us learn better, think more clearly, live healthier, and perform at our highest potential. In Episode 402[i], we introduced The Movement Loop, built around one simple idea: Movement is the input. Adaptation is the process. Performance is the outcome. Then, in Episode 403[ii], Dr. Chuck Hillman helped us understand why movement changes the brain. Every step increases blood flow. Exercise stimulates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor—BDNF—often called fertilizer for the brain. Movement strengthens the neural networks responsible for learning, memory, attention, and executive function. But after recording those episodes, I found myself asking a different question. What happens when we apply those principles consistently—not for days, weeks, or even months—but for years? Today's bonus episode is my attempt to answer that question. Not from another research study. Not from another interview. And definitely not to give you one more thing to add to your already busy schedule. Instead... I'd like to share a five-year experiment I never realized I was conducting—one that completely changed the way I think about health, movement, recovery, and human performance. Five Years Looking for the Answer When I started wearing a WHOOP device back in April of 2021, just before my fiftieth birthday, I thought I was buying a fitness tracker. I thought it would help me train harder. I thought it would reward intensity. Instead... It spent the next five years teaching me something far more valuable. How to recover. Over those five years I've tracked nearly everything I could measure. Sleep. Movement. Recovery. Resting heart rate. Heart rate variability. VO₂ Max. Biological age. Blood work. Thousands of workouts. And more than 1,905 recoveries. Nearly two thousand mornings of waking up and asking my body the same question. How well did I recover? At first, I didn't really know what I was looking for. I simply assumed the harder I trained... the healthier I'd become. The Mystery Then WHOOP introduced a new metric. WHOOP Age. The first time I looked at it, I honestly couldn't believe what I was seeing. My biological age measured 48.7 years old. I was fifty-five. More than six years younger biologically than chronologically. Of course, my first question wasn't, "That's great." My first question was... Why? What was I doing that created this result? Naturally, I assumed it was my hardest hikes. My toughest strength workouts. The mornings I pushed myself until I was completely exhausted. But that's not what the data showed. Not even close. The biggest contributor wasn't intensity. It was consistency. Daily walks. Steady hikes. Hours spent moving in Heart Rate Zones 1 through 3. The very workouts I used to think "didn't count." Ironically, even today, after finishing a workout, I still catch myself hoping to see more time in Zone 4 or Zone 5. Old beliefs don't disappear overnight. Part of me still believes harder must be better. But five years of data kept telling me a different story. A Belief I Had to Unlearn For most of my life, I believed exercise was supposed to leave me exhausted. If I wasn't completely out of breath... If I wasn't drenched in sweat... If I wasn't barely able to walk back to my car... I assumed I hadn't worked hard enough. Maybe you've felt that way too. We grew up hearing... "No pain, no gain." But neuroscience—and my own data—kept challenging that belief. The movement that felt the easiest... was quietly producing the greatest return. Daily walks. Easy hikes with friends. Walking my dogs along the canal. Consistent aerobic movement. Those weren't "easy days." Those were adaptation days. And slowly, my definition of success began to change. The Moment Everything Changed A few days ago something happened. After nearly five years... and more than 1,905 recoveries... I recorded my highest recovery ever. 98%. For a few moments I celebrated the score. Then something much more meaningful hit me. That number wasn't created overnight. It wasn't the result of one perfect night's sleep. Or one incredible workout. Or one supplement. Or one recovery tool. It represented five years of learning to work with my biology instead of against it. That's when everything finally clicked. Recovery isn't passive. Recovery is where adaptation happens. It's where muscles rebuild. It's where the brain consolidates learning. It's where the nervous system recalibrates. It's where hormones rebalance. It's where your cardiovascular system grows stronger. It's where yesterday's movement becomes tomorrow's performance. Movement starts the conversation. Recovery is where your body answers. The Missing Piece That's when I realized something I wish someone had explained to me years ago. Movement isn't the goal. Recovery isn't even the goal. Adaptation is the goal. Movement is simply the signal that tells your biology... "Build something stronger." Recovery is when your body actually does the work. Adaptation is the result. Performance becomes the evidence. That is The Movement Loop. Move. Recover. Adapt. Perform. One connected system. What My Data Shows When I stopped looking at individual workouts and started looking at years of trends, the story became remarkably clear. My resting heart rate dropped. My recovery improved. My biological age became younger. My weekly movement consistently averaged more than seven hours in Heart Rate Zones 1 through 3. None of those changes happened because of one extraordinary workout. They happened because of thousands of ordinary choices repeated over and over again. That's how biology changes. Quietly. Consistently. Patiently. Five Lessons Five Years and 1,905 Recoveries Taught Me Looking back over nearly five years—and more than 1,905 recoveries—I realize I wasn't simply collecting health data. I was watching my brain and body adapt in real time. Here are the five lessons I wish I had understood when I first started this journey. Lesson 1: Movement prepares the brain. One of the biggest insights from Dr. Chuck Hillman's research is that movement doesn't just strengthen our muscles—it prepares our brains to learn and perform. Every walk increases blood flow. Every hike stimulates Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, or BDNF, helping the brain build and strengthen neural connections. I've noticed this in my own life. On the days I move first, I think more clearly, focus longer, solve problems more easily, and simply show up as a better version of myself. Movement isn't something I do after work anymore. It's how I prepare for my work. Lesson 2: Consistency beats intensity. For years, I believed the hardest workout was the best workout. My data taught me something completely different. The biggest improvements in my health didn't come from one exhausting hike or one intense strength session. They came from showing up every single day. Walking the canal. Taking the dogs out. Choosing another easy hike. Stopping to talk with people on the trails. It took me years to ask one person their name, after seeing them on the trails for over 10 years! Repeating those small decisions (and actions) over and over again. The body doesn't transform because we occasionally do something extraordinary. It transforms because we consistently do the ordinary. Lesson 3: Recovery is where adaptation happens. This may have been the biggest surprise of all. For years, I thought recovery meant taking a break from making progress. Now I understand that recovery is the progress. Recovery is where muscles rebuild. It's where the brain consolidates learning. It's where the nervous system recalibrates. It's where your body responds to the signal that movement created. Without recovery, movement is simply stress. With recovery, movement becomes adaptation. Lesson 4: Small daily habits create extraordinary results. When I recorded my highest recovery ever—98%—(just this week) I realized something important. That number wasn't created by one perfect night of sleep. It wasn't one workout. It wasn't one supplement. It wasn't one infrared sauna session. It represented thousands of small decisions repeated consistently over five years. Morning sunlight. Walking. Strength training. Prioritizing sleep. Breathwork. Meditation. Recovery. None of those habits seem remarkable on their own. Together, they completely changed my biology. And then I was able to create PREDICTABLE results with recovery, once I fully understood it. Lesson 5: Every step is an investment in your future brain. This may be the most important lesson of all. Most of us exercise because we want to look better or feel better today. But neuroscience tells us something even more powerful. Every walk you're taking today is helping build the brain you'll rely on years from now. Every time you move, you're strengthening the systems that support attention, memory, emotional regulation, cardiovascular health, and resilience. You may not notice those changes tomorrow. I certainly didn't. It took me nearly five years—and 1,905 recoveries—to truly appreciate what my body had been quietly building all along. That's why I no longer think of movement as exercise. I think of it as one of the greatest investments I can make in my future health, my future brain, and the quality of my life. Because every step you take today is a vote for the person you're becoming tomorrow. Practical Application If you're wondering where to start... Start walking. Walk before work. Walk after dinner. Walk with your family. Walk with your dog. Strength train two or three times each week. It doesn't take a lot to see noticeable gains. Protect your sleep. Track trends instead of chasing perfection. Then tomorrow morning ask yourself one simple question. Not... "How hard should I train today?" Instead... How can I move today? One question. One decision. Repeated consistently. That's how change begins. Review and Conclusion As we wrap up this bonus episode, let's step back and look at what we've learned throughout this first part of Phase 3. Movement prepares the brain. Recovery builds the body. Adaptation changes our biology. Performance becomes the evidence. Five years ago, I thought movement was the goal. Today I know better. Movement is the signal. Recovery is the builder. Adaptation is the transformation (that we can see) Performance is the evidence (or what we were aiming for in the first place). After nearly 1,905 recoveries, I finally understand why recovery matters. Not because it helps us rest. Because it helps us become. Looking back, I wasn't simply collecting health data. I was watching neuroscience unfold in real time. The greatest improvements in my health didn't come from my hardest workouts. They came from thousands of ordinary decisions repeated consistently over time. We can go back to our early episodes[iii] to hear the importance of repetition. That's how human performance is built. Not through one breakthrough moment. But through daily choices that quietly reshape the brain, strengthen the body, and prepare us for whatever comes next. So wherever you're listening today... Whether you're heading out for a walk... Driving home from work... Finishing a workout... Or simply deciding how you'll move tomorrow... Remember this. Every step is a vote for your future self. Move today. Recover tonight. Adapt tomorrow. Live younger tomorrow. Until next time... Keep moving. Keep learning. Keep adapting. Because every step you take today is helping build a healthier, stronger, and more resilient version of yourself tomorrow. REFERENCES: [i] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 402 “Phase 3 Intro: How Movement Builds the Brain https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-loop-how-everyday-action-rewires-your-brain-and-boosts-performance/ [ii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 403 “How movement Activates the Brain and Learning” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-first-how-a-20%e2%80%91minute-walk-lights-up-the-brain/ [iii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 38 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/assistant-coach-to-the-winnipeg-jets-todd-woodcroft-on-the-daily-grind-in-the-nhl/
Why do so many high achievers burn out? Most of us think recovery is what happens after the work is done. We push through the week, take care of everyone else, and tell ourselves we'll slow down later. But according to Dr. Kristen Holmes, Global Head of Human Performance at WHOOP, recovery isn't separate from high performance. It's an essential part of it. In this conversation, I sit down with Kristen to unpack the science behind sustainable high performance and why recovery plays a much bigger role than most of us realize. We talk about why sleep consistency matters more than sleep duration, the habits that have the biggest impact on our energy, and how to stop running on empty. By the end of this conversation, you'll have a new way of thinking about recovery and practical strategies to put into practice right away. Pre-order Kristen's new book, Aligned. More from Molly: Get Molly's latest book, Dynamic Drive Website: mollyfletcher.com
On this episode, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist, Dr. Kristen Holmes sits down with exercise scientist Dr. Lauren Colenso-Semple for a refreshing, evidence-based conversation that cuts through some common myths in fitness. Together, Dr. Holmes and Dr. Colenso-Semple unpack how social media has fueled misinformation around hormones, menopause, menstrual cycles, strength training, and recovery.Dr. Colenso-Semple challenges popular narratives around cycle syncing, hormone optimization, and sex-specific training. The episode makes the case that while men and women are biologically different, the fundamental principles of building strength, improving fitness, and maintaining health are remarkably similar. The discussion also explores hormone therapy, hormonal birth control, testosterone, Zone 2 training, and why consistency is the true path to long-term results.Whether you're new to exercise or a seasoned athlete, this conversation offers practical, empowering advice rooted in high-quality human research rather than hype. If you've ever wondered whether you're "doing it wrong" because of your hormones, this episode will leave you feeling informed, confident, and ready to focus on what actually matters.(00:41) Who is Dr. Lauren Colenso-Semple(01:24) The Misinformation Around Fitness(03:48) Understanding Fitness Facts(06:50) The 3 Biggest Fitness Myths(08:29) Addressing Fears Around Training in Perimenopause(17:36) What Habits Work and What's Just Marketing?(19:19) Improving Bone Health and Avoiding Fracture Risk(23:26) Does Hormonal Birth Control Affect Your Training? (29:23) "Women Are Not Small Men"(32:56) Should You Be Cycle Syncing Your Training(38:49) The Secret To Strength Gains & Achieving Body Composition Goals(44:06) Is Resistance Training The Key To Longevity? (46:05) How To Fit Movement Into Your Busy Schedule(48:55) The Important Role of Recovery on Fitness Gains(55:02) Should You Be Cycle Syncing Your Training?(01:01:35) Risks of High Testosterone For Training(01:10:24) Are There Any Fitness Shortcuts?(01:15:40) Combatting Misinformation OnlinesFollow Dr. Lauren Colenso-SempleInstagramWebsiteSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInFollow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
What if the data you're obsessing over is the very thing capping how far you can go? In this episode of The Game Changing Attorney Podcast, Michael Mogill sits down with Andy Walshe, the human performance leader behind Red Bull's high-performance program and the Felix Baumgartner stratosphere jump. They dig into why the metrics everyone chases can only take you so far, and why the traits that truly separate elite performers (character, creativity, how you show up when it's hard) are the ones almost no one is actually training. It's a look under the hood of what elite performance really requires when the stakes are highest. Here's what you'll learn: How character, not metrics, can be the real dividing line between good and elite How to train creativity as a skill instead of treating it as a gift you're born with What it takes to perform under extreme pressure when everything is on the line If you've been optimizing the measurable and ignoring the human, this is your wake-up call. (00:00:00) Introduction (00:02:40) From athlete to performance coach (00:03:31) Why Red Bull obsesses over performance (00:05:38) What makes elite performers special (00:07:18) Not everything can be measured (00:09:27) Training character and creativity (00:12:00) The Felix Baumgartner jump (00:20:32) Why the Enhanced Games flopped (00:23:12) Training under manufactured fear (00:27:05) The right dose of stress (00:30:00) What cold plunging really trains (00:32:09) No secrets: the 70-20-10 rule (00:36:55) The trait that predicts greatness (00:39:24) Do elite traits cross fields? (00:41:31) Ego, humility, and luck (00:45:47) What it means to be a game changer ---- Links & Resources: Andy Walshe Liminal Collective Red Bull Stratos Felix Baumgartner Joe Kittinger Enhanced Games Australian Institute of Sport ---- Learn what sustainable growth can look like for your firm at crispcoach.com. ---- Do you love this podcast and want to see more game changing content? Subscribe to our YouTube channel. ---- Past guests on The Game Changing Attorney Podcast include David Goggins, John Morgan, Alex Hormozi, Randi McGinn, Kim Scott, Chris Voss, Kevin O'Leary, Laura Wasser, John Maxwell, Mark Lanier, Robert Greene, and many more. ---- If you enjoyed this episode, you may also like: 461. Mastering Biological Fundamentals for Elite Performance with Dr. Kristen Holmes 338. Will Ahmed - From Stress to Success: Optimizing the Entrepreneurial Journey 298. Rich Diviney - The Fundamental Traits Navy SEALs Use to Excel
Send us Fan MailWhat shapes a world-leading scientist?Is it intelligence?Great mentors?Opportunity?Or simply an insatiable curiosity that never stops asking why?In Episode 489 of the Leave Your Mark Podcast, I sit down with Dr. Keith Baar, one of the world's most respected molecular exercise physiologists, whose work has transformed our understanding of muscle growth, tendon adaptation, rehabilitation, and human performance.As Professor of Molecular Exercise Physiology at UC Davis—and soon to begin the next chapter of his career at McMaster University—Keith has spent decades translating molecular biology into practical strategies for clinicians, therapists, coaches, and elite sporting organizations worldwide.But this conversation isn't about signalling pathways or collagen synthesis.It's about the journey that created the scientist.We explore the mentors who shaped him, why curiosity has always driven his career, how his relationship with his wife Barb influenced many of life's biggest decisions, and the leadership philosophy that built one of the world's most respected research laboratories around the simple idea of conducting world-class science in a family environment.Along the way, we discuss why science should never be about proving yourself right, how diverse experiences lead to better discoveries, the challenges facing research today, and why asking better questions is often more important than finding quick answers.Of course, we couldn't resist diving into some of Keith's latest work on tendon adaptation, including the exciting potential of low-load, long-duration isometrics (3LD) and what his research may mean for rehabilitation and performance practitioners everywhere.This is an episode about science.But even more, it's an episode about the people behind the science.I think you're going to enjoy this one.If you liked this EP, please take the time to rate and comment, share with a friend, and connect with us on social channels IG @Kingopain, TW @BuiltbyScott, LI+FB Scott Livingston. You can find all things LYM at www.LYMLab.com, download your free Life Lab Starter Kit today and get busy living https://lymlab.com/free-lym-lab-starter/Please take the time to visit and connect with our sponsors, they are an essential part of our success:www.ReconditioningHQ.comwww.FreePainGuide.com
Send us Fan MailAaron and Peaches sit down to talk Blue Angels flyovers, testosterone testing, military medicine, height-to-waist standards, and why the military has to get serious about health before people break.The episode starts with the Blue Angels beach flyover debate and whether something can be technically questionable while still being completely awesome. Then the guys get into the bigger conversation around the Department of War pushing testosterone checks for men over 30, why the military medical system has resisted basic hormone testing for years, and how operator syndrome, traumatic brain injuries, cortisol dysfunction, vitamin D deficiency, and low free testosterone can wreck performance and mental health.Aaron talks through his own fight to get blood work done, what the military missed, and why private-sector care finally helped him understand the difference between total testosterone and free testosterone.The conversation also hits height-to-waist standards, fat bodies in uniform, why some people will get flagged unfairly, and why most people need to stop making excuses. The bottom line: fitness is not just about looking good in uniform. It affects mental health, cognitive performance, readiness, durability, and who you become after the military.Check out Tasty Gains:TastyGains.comRegister for Operator Training Summit:OperatorTrainingSummit.comChapters:00:00 - Intro, Tasty Gains, and Operator Training Summit03:02 - Blue Angels Flyover Controversy03:39 - Unsafe vs. Inappropriate05:00 - Why Professionals Change the Risk Equation06:59 - Was the Flyover Necessary?08:22 - Pensacola, Nellis, and Airshow Culture09:20 - Testosterone Testing in the Military10:37 - What the Headlines Are Missing11:14 - Operator Syndrome and Low Testosterone12:11 - Fighting the Military Medical System12:55 - Vitamin D Deficiency in the Military14:34 - The Problem With “Normal” Testosterone Ranges16:00 - Trying to Raise Testosterone Naturally17:14 - Total Testosterone vs. Free Testosterone18:08 - TBI, Free Test, and Feeling Broken18:57 - Whoop Blood Work and Better Data19:19 - Breaking Down Institutional Resistance20:12 - Why This Could Lead to Better Screening21:02 - How the Referral System Fails People22:08 - Why Baseline Testing Matters22:34 - Trauma Medicine vs. Clinical Medicine23:55 - Military Medicine, COVID, and Bad Advice26:35 - Readiness Pressure and Medical Liability27:30 - SSRIs, Mental Health, and Missed Questions29:26 - The Military Health System Problem30:33 - Women, Hormones, and HRT30:42 - What to Ask Before Accepting Medication31:29 - Akron Bar Fight Story34:46 - Air Force Height-to-Waist Ratio35:11 - Body Composition Standards Come Back Around36:52 - Old BMI Standards and Fat Boy Programs37:19 - Height and Weight Charts39:41 - Peaches Tests the Calculator41:16 - When the Standard Misses Body Type42:40 - Trent's Monster Habit43:29 - Strategic Energy Drinks43:56 - Ten-Year-Old Crushes the Army PT Test45:30 - Kids, Discipline, and Internet Boundaries47:34 - Coaching Kids Through Hard Things48:25 - Wrestling Coach Motivation50:38 - Height-to-Waist and Job Performance51:40 - Human Performance and Mental Health52:34 - Obesity, COVID, and Comorbidities53:54 - Water, Sunlight, Nutrition, and Fitness55:26 - What People Cut First When Life Gets Busy55:42 - Sleep as a Performance Enhancer56:43 - Why Fitness Improves Mental Health58:26 - Confidence, Attraction, and Looking Better59:45 - Extrinsic Motivation Still Counts01:01:12 - Final Thoughts and Members-Only PreviewSupport the showJoin this channel to get access to perks: HEREBuzzsprout Subscription page: HERERegister for our Operator Training Summit: OperatorTrainingSummit.comFind an Air Force Recruiter: AirForce.comCollabs:Ones Ready - OnesReady.com 18A Fitness - Promo Code: ONESREADY ATACLete - Follow the URL (no promo code): ATACLeteDanger Close Apparel - Promo Code: ONESREADYDFND Apparel...
Welcome back to Season 16 of the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast. I'm Andrea Samadi, and this is where we bridge neuroscience, social and emotional learning, and human performance so we can create measurable improvements in our well-being, achievement, leadership, productivity, and results. In this episode 403 The Movement Loop: How Movement Activates the Brain for Learning, Adaptation & Performance we will cover: ✔ Why movement is the biological input that prepares the brain for learning, adaptation, and performance. ✔ How Dr. Chuck Hillman's groundbreaking neuroscience research explains what happens inside the brain during and immediately after exercise. ✔ Why even one bout of physical activity can improve attention, executive function, and learning readiness. ✔ How Paul Zientarski translated neuroscience into practice through Naperville Central High School's internationally recognized Zero Hour PE Program. ✔ The science behind brain activation, neuroplasticity, positive stress, and cognitive reserve. ✔ Why movement isn't a break from learning—it's preparation for learning. ✔ How teachers, coaches, parents, and workplace leaders can use movement to improve focus, decision-making, creativity, and performance. ✔ How to apply the Movement Loop in everyday life using practical strategies you can begin today. ✔ Why movement is the input, adaptation is the process, and performance is the result. If you're just joining us, Season 16 explores Phase 3 of the Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—the Movement Loop. This season asks one central question: How does movement change the brain, adaptation change the body, and together create measurable improvements in performance? If you'd like the full overview of the five-phase framework, I encourage you to start with Episode 402. In Episode 402[i], we introduced Phase 3 of the Brain's Operating System for Human Performance—where we introduced The Movement Loop. We discovered one powerful idea. Movement is the input. When you move, your body sends a powerful biological signal to the brain that says: "Prepare. Activate. Adapt." Adaptation is the process. With movement, repetition, and recovery, the brain and body strengthen, rewire, and become more efficient. Performance is the output. The changes become visible in everyday life—clearer thinking, better decisions, stronger health, and improved performance. Then the loop begins again. Today we're asking the next question. Why does movement come first? Not simply because exercise is good for our bodies. But because movement is one of the most powerful biological signals we can send to the brain. Before we can focus... Before we can learn... Before we can adapt... The brain must first be activated. That's why movement isn't the outcome. It's the beginning. When we first interviewed Dr. Chuck Hillman on Episode 123[ii], (back in April 2021) I wanted to understand how his neuroscience research inspired Paul Zientarski's revolutionary Zero Hour PE Program at Naperville Central High School. It was Naperville's extraordinary performance on the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) that caught the eye of Dr. John Ratey. Naperville District 203 entered the international comparison as if it were its own "country" and ranked #1 in the world in science and #6 in the world in math. Those results made Dr. Ratey ask, "What are they doing differently?" That question ultimately led him to Naperville, (IL) where he discovered Zientarksi's Zero Hour PE initiative and made it the opening case study in his book Spark. We will cover this story on our next episode Then years later, we revisited that conversation in Episode 397[iii] through the lens of motivation—exploring how movement increases engagement and helps us want to move more. But looking back through the lens of Phase 3, I realized I had been asking the wrong question. The bigger question isn't whether movement motivates us. The bigger question is: What happens inside the brain the moment we begin to move? That's the question we're answering today. And it's the reason movement sits at the beginning of the Brain's Operating System for Human Performance. Let's begin where every performance story begins... with movement. As we begin Phase 3, Dr. Chuck Hillman's research helps us understand why movement is the first step in the Movement Loop. In our interview, he mentioned that his lab has consistently demonstrated that even a single bout of physical activity can improve attention, cognition, and academic performance. But what fascinated me most wasn't simply that exercise works. It was why it works. Listen carefully as Dr. Hillman explains how movement acts as a positive biological stressor that prepares the brain for learning. EP 403 — Clip 1 Summary Movement is the First Signal As we begin Phase 3 of the Brain's Operating System, the first question is simple: Why does movement come first? Dr. Chuck Hillman has spent his career studying how physical activity changes the brain—from childhood through older adulthood. His research doesn't just focus on exercise, but on understanding how different life experiences shape brain health across the lifespan. One insight from our conversation completely changed how I think about movement. Dr. Hillman explained that even a single session of exercise can improve attention, cognition, and academic performance in children. His team is now studying why that happens, exploring how exercise acts as a positive stressor that activates biological pathways supporting brain function. But what struck me even more was why he chose to study children in the first place. Rather than waiting until someone reaches their 60s and begins experiencing cognitive decline, his goal is to help children build a stronger brain from the very beginning—to create what he calls a cognitive reserve that may protect brain health throughout life. That idea captures exactly what Phase 3 is all about. Movement isn't simply something we do to stay fit. It's one of the earliest investments we can make in the future health and performance of our brain. ______ This is the first piece of the Movement Loop. Movement isn't valuable because we eventually become fitter. This is what many of us used to think? I can't be alone in this…I used to move for fitness alone. Until I studied the brain…and learned that: It's valuable because it immediately changes the state of the brain. Before learning improves... Before memory improves... Before performance improves... The brain has to be activated. That's exactly what movement does. Key Takeaways from Dr. Hillman There are three ideas I'd like all of us to remember from this first clip. Movement is Information The Neuroscience Every movement you make sends information throughout your nervous system. As your muscles contract, they don't just move your body—they communicate with your brain. Your heart pumps faster, blood flow increases, oxygen and glucose are delivered more efficiently, and neurons begin communicating more actively. Movement also changes your brain's neurochemistry. Exercise increases the release of neurotransmitters like dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin, which help regulate attention, motivation, mood, and learning. At the same time, it stimulates the production of growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which supports neuroplasticity—the brain's ability to form and strengthen new neural connections. That's why I like to think of movement as sending a message to the brain: "Wake up. Pay attention. Get ready to learn." Movement isn't simply burning calories. It's providing your brain with the biological conditions it needs to perform at its best. Stress Isn't Always Harmful The Neuroscience When we hear the word stress, we usually think of chronic stress—too much cortisol, too little recovery, and the negative effects that follow. But the brain actually needs short, manageable challenges to become stronger. Exercise is an example of what's often called eustress, or positive stress. When you exercise, your body briefly increases stress hormones like cortisol and activates your sympathetic nervous system. At the same time, it stimulates beneficial signaling molecules and growth factors that help the brain adapt. Dr. Hillman's research explores how these temporary changes—including biomarkers like cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase—may help explain why even a single bout of exercise improves attention and cognition. The important point is that the stress is temporary. When it's followed by recovery, your brain and body adapt. Without recovery, stress becomes harmful. With recovery, stress becomes the signal that drives growth. That's why adaptation sits in the middle of the Movement Loop. The challenge isn't the goal. The adaptation is. Activation Comes Before Performance The Neuroscience One of the biggest misconceptions about learning is that we can simply decide to pay attention. The brain doesn't work that way. Before the prefrontal cortex—the part of the brain responsible for focus, planning, decision-making, and executive function—can perform well, it must first be activated. Movement helps create that activation. Exercise increases cerebral blood flow, raises arousal to an optimal level, and improves communication across large-scale brain networks involved in attention and cognitive control. Think of it like warming up an orchestra before a concert. Before the musicians can perform together, they first need to tune their instruments. Movement helps the brain tune itself. That's why research consistently shows improvements in attention and executive function immediately after moderate physical activity. Performance doesn't begin when you sit down to work. Performance begins the moment you prepare your brain. That's why movement sits at the beginning of the Movement Loop. One final thought Movement isn't magic. It changes the brain because it changes the brain's biology. It increases blood flow. It changes neurochemistry. It activates neural networks. It stimulates neuroplasticity. And when those changes are repeated over time—and supported by recovery—they become adaptation. That's why movement is the input. Adaptation is the process. Performance is the result. TIPS to IMPLEMENT So what can we do with this research? Here are three simple ways to put the Movement Loop into practice this week. ✅ 1. Move with purpose. Before asking your brain to perform... Prepare it. Take a 10–20 minute walk. Ride your bike. Do a short workout. Climb the stairs instead of taking the elevator. Don't think of movement as taking time away from your work. Think of it as the first step toward doing your best work. I always park my car at the back of the parking lot, not afraid add bits of movement into the day. ✅ 2. Prepare the brain before expecting learning. Whether you're a parent... A teacher... A coach... Or a leader... Create opportunities to move before asking people to think. Movement isn't a reward after learning. It's preparation before learning. I discovered this one early on with this podcast. I can't focus on this topic, without moving first. ✅ 3. Start measuring brain performance—not just physical performance. The next time you move, don't just ask: "How many calories did I burn?" Ask: Did I think more clearly today? Did I focus more easily? Did I feel more energized? Did I recover better tonight? Am I becoming more resilient? Those are the real returns on your investment. Movement for me, is at the root of each of these questions. If I lacked movement (and sometimes I can't fit it in) I'll notice it show up in one of these questions, and know how important it is to get it back on track. Final Reflection Remember... Movement is the input. It's what we do. Every step you take sends a message to your brain: "Prepare. Activate. Adapt." The more consistently you send that signal, the more opportunities your brain and body have to change. Over time, those changes become visible. You think more clearly. You learn more effectively. You recover more efficiently. You perform at a higher level. But here's the part I find most fascinating. When I look at the Movement Loop... I don't stop at Performance. I look at the final circle. Confidence. Because confidence is what keeps the loop alive. I'll be the first to say I can't always do this. Something gets in the way. It's not always easy to move. Some days we're busy. Some days we're tired. Some days we simply don't feel like it. But every time you complete the loop, you collect another piece of evidence. "I showed up." "I felt better afterward." "I handled that challenge differently." "I'm becoming stronger than I was yesterday." Those moments become evidence. Evidence builds confidence. And confidence makes it easier to begin again tomorrow. That's how lasting change happens. Not through one workout. Not through one perfect week. But by repeating the loop. Again. And again. And again. Because every movement today is an investment in the person you're becoming tomorrow. Movement is the input. Adaptation is the process. Performance is the result. And confidence is what inspires us to begin again. Clip 2 Summary Brain Activation Creates Readiness to Learn Paul Zientarski explains how Naperville Central High School achieved remarkable academic results through its Zero Hour PE Program and the use of heart rate monitoring. His work around getting students to move was inspired by Dr. Hillman's research. In this clip, Paul Zientarski describes how Dr. Chuck Hillman's research transformed physical education from something schools did for physical health into something they could use to improve learning itself. The research that ignited him showed that after just 20 minutes of walking, students demonstrated measurable increases in brain activation and performed better on cognitive tasks. For Paul, this wasn't simply evidence that exercise works. It explained why movement belongs at the beginning of the school day. Movement wasn't taking time away from learning. It was preparing the brain to learn. Looking at this through the lens of the Movement Loop, we can now see what was happening biologically. Movement activated the brain. An activated brain was better able to pay attention. Better attention improved learning. Repeated learning created adaptation. And over time, those adaptations translated into stronger academic and life performance. That's why movement is the first step in Phase 3. Key Takeaways ✔ 1. Brain activation is the bridge between movement and performance. Movement doesn't improve learning—or performance—directly. It first changes the brain into a state that's ready to focus, solve problems, make decisions, and learn. Whether you're in a classroom, on the athletic field, or leading a team at work, performance begins with brain activation. ✔ 2. Readiness comes before instruction/teaching/learning. One of Paul Zientarski's greatest insights was that not every student needed more movement. Sometimes they needed more recovery. By monitoring students' heart rates, he learned to recognize when a student was physiologically ready to learn and when the brain and body needed time to recover. That's a lesson for all of us. Teachers can observe energy before beginning a lesson. Coaches can balance challenge with recovery. Leaders can recognize when their teams need a reset before asking for peak performance. The question isn't simply, "What am I teaching?" It's, "Are people ready to learn?" ✔ 3. Small actions create lasting adaptation. One walk. One movement break. One active lesson. One walking meeting. None of these seem significant on their own. But repeated consistently, they become the biological signals that drive adaptation. Small actions, repeated often, create lasting change. ✔ 4. Performance begins long before the moment that matters. A student's success doesn't begin when they open the exam. An athlete's success doesn't begin when the whistle blows. A leader's success doesn't begin when the meeting starts. Performance begins much earlier— when we prepare the brain to perform. ✔ 5. Movement isn't a break from work. It's preparation for better work. Whether you're teaching a lesson... Coaching a team... Leading a meeting... Or solving a complex problem... Movement should be viewed as part of the performance process—not time taken away from it. Tips to Implement Prepare the brain before expecting performance. Before teaching... Before coaching... Before presenting... Before solving difficult problems... Ask one question: "Is the brain ready to perform?" Sometimes the best way to improve performance is to begin with five to ten minutes of purposeful movement. Build movement into the rhythm of the day. Instead of viewing movement as a separate activity, make it part of how you work and learn. Teachers can begin lessons with movement. Coaches can use dynamic warm-ups with a cognitive focus. Leaders can replace one seated meeting each week with a walking meeting. Movement becomes the signal that says, "It's time to focus." Balance challenge with recovery. Paul didn't simply encourage students to move more. He also recognized when they needed recovery. High performance isn't created by constant effort. It's created by alternating challenge with recovery. That's true in classrooms. It's true in sports. And it's true in the workplace. Think beyond fitness. Don't ask, "How do I fit exercise into my day?" Instead ask, "How can movement improve everything I do afterward?" That one shift changes movement from another task on your calendar... into the first step toward better thinking, better learning, better leadership, and better performance. Closing Reflection Every time we move... We send a message to the brain. "Prepare. Activate. Adapt." That's why movement isn't just something we do for our bodies. It's one of the most practical performance tools available to teachers, coaches, leaders, parents, and anyone who wants to think more clearly, learn more effectively, and perform at a higher level. Because in the end... Movement is the input. (What we do.) Adaptation is the process. (How the brain and body change.) Performance is the result. (What we're capable of becoming.) Paul Zientarski didn't change physical education at Naperville HS. He changed the purpose of physical education. Instead of asking, "How do we build fitter students?" he helped us ask, "How do we build brains that are ready to learn?" EP 403 Review and Conclusion As we review and close out this episode, I'd like to leave you with one final thought. When we first interviewed Dr. Chuck Hillman, I was fascinated by what exercise did for the brain. When we interviewed Paul Zientarski, I was inspired by how he translated that research into a school that changed lives. But looking back through the lens of Phase 3, I realize they were teaching us something even bigger. They were teaching us where human performance begins. Not with talent. Not with intelligence. Not with motivation. It begins with a biological signal. Movement. Every step you take... Every walk... Every workout... Every hike... Every time you choose to move... You're telling your brain: "Prepare. Activate. Adapt." That's the first instruction your brain receives. From there, everything else becomes possible. Movement activates the brain. An activated brain pays attention. Attention makes learning possible. Learning creates adaptation. Adaptation improves performance. And performance builds confidence. Confidence is what inspires us to move again tomorrow. That's the Movement Loop. A Personal Journey This season has become personal for me. For years, I interviewed experts and shared their research. Over the past year, I began testing these ideas (their research) in my own life. Not to become a better athlete. Not to chase perfect numbers on my wearable device (as much as I would like to have them). But to see whether the neuroscience actually showed up in everyday life. It did. The more consistently I moved... The more consistently I recovered... The more my brain and body adapted. My recovery improved. My resting heart rate dropped. My hikes became easier. My thinking became clearer. Those weren't isolated improvements. They were evidence that the Movement Loop was working. And with every small improvement... my confidence grew. Not because someone told me I was improving. Because I could see it. I could measure it. I could feel it. That confidence became more than the result of movement. It became something I began carrying into other areas of my life. Into my work. Into my relationships. Into the challenges I was willing to take on. And that's when I realized something... Confidence doesn't end the Movement Loop. It becomes the beginning of another part of the Brain's Operating System. But... that's a conversation for another episode. Your challenge for the week So before our next episode, I'd like to leave you with a simple challenge. Don't focus on changing your life overnight. Just begin the loop. Tomorrow morning... Before work... Before studying... Before an important conversation... Move. Even if it's just for ten or twenty minutes. Then ask yourself one question: How did that movement prepare my brain today? Start paying attention. Notice your focus. Notice your energy. Notice how you think. Because once you begin looking for the changes... You'll start seeing them everywhere. Write down what you notice…because if you don't write things down, you won't remember that the change occurred. Looking ahead In our next episode, we'll continue exploring Phase 3 with one of the pioneers in this field, Dr. John Ratey, author of Spark. If Dr. Hillman showed us that movement activates the brain... Dr. Ratey helps us understand why exercise has been called "Miracle-Gro for the brain" and how movement literally changes the brain's ability to learn, adapt, and grow. We'll continue building the Movement Loop... one step at a time. Until next time... Remember... Movement is the input. It's what we do. Adaptation is the process. It's how the brain and body change. Performance is the result. It's the measurable improvement we experience in our thinking, learning, health, leadership, and daily lives. And perhaps most importantly... Confidence is what keeps the loop alive. Because every step you take today is building the brain you'll depend on tomorrow. By the end of this season, my hope is that we don't just understand the neuroscience of human performance—we put it into practice. That we begin moving with purpose. That we notice how our brain and body respond. That we embrace adaptation as part of the process. And that we experience measurable improvements in our thinking, learning, health, leadership, and everyday performance. I'm Andrea Samadi, and this has been the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast. I'll see you next time. EP 403: How did movement prepare my brain today? EP 404: How did today's movement help my brain learn? EP 405: How did recovery help my brain adapt? EP 406: How did attention improve my performance? EP 407: How will I keep the loop going? RESOURCES: Full interview Dr. Chuck Hillman https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ip5s2iDFLE&list=PLb5Z3cA_mnKhiYc5glhacO9k9WTrSgjzW&index=88 Full interview Paul Zientarski https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHYNEhxkxfE Paul Zientarski's clip https://www.youtube.com/shorts/DmtkP_licdA REFERENCES: [i] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 402 “Phase 3 Intro: How Movement Builds the Brain https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/movement-loop-how-everyday-action-rewires-your-brain-and-boosts-performance/ [ii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 123 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/northeastern-university-professor-chuck-hillman-phd-on-the-impact-of-exercise-on-the-brain-and-learning/ [iii] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE 397 https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/move-to-learn-how-movement-activates-the-brain-and-fuels-motivation/
Welcome back to the WHOOP Podcast's Science of Human Performance Series! On this week's episode, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist, Dr. Kristen Holmes, sits down with WHOOP SVP of Research, Algorithms, and Data, Emily Capodilupo, to explore the science behind the WHOOP Recovery Score. Emily explains the progression of the recovery algorithm, from the company's origin to the supporting research that supports it today. Dr. Holmes and Emily identify the key metrics, like heart rate variability, resting heart rate, and sleep performance, that impact your recovery the most. Each physiological signal tracked by WHOOP helps to predict your body's readiness to adapt to the stressors of the day, boosting injury prevention, immune health, and decision-making. This episode is your essential guide to improving and understanding your recovery. (00:00) Recovery 101: How WHOOP Looks At Recovery(00:58) The Origin of The WHOOP Recovery Score(01:32) What Is The Overtraining Curve?(05:08) Adaptive versus Maladaptive Stress(07:49) Balancing Strain and Recovery (08:18) Recovery for Everyone(10:48) How Recovery Improves Sleep, Immunity, and Mood(15:44) HRV: How Recovery Impacts The Nervous System(21:04) Why Your Recovery Is Low(28:45) Why Recovery Matters For Performance(29:53) The Relationship Between Sleep and Recovery(31:50) Treating Recovery as a Lifestyle(33:21) Strain Coach Explained(40:26) Is A Solid Recovery Routine The Secret To Muscle Growth? (47:07) How Your Recovery Is Measured(49:52) The Correlation Between Recovery, HRV, and Mental HealthSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInFollow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
"When it comes to high-intensity interval training work, quality is much more important than quantity,” says Fraser Thurlow, Ph.D. Thurlow is a high-performance coach, researcher, and lecturer with over a decade of experience helping people improve their fitness and performance. He holds a PhD in Human Performance, has published extensively on training, and has lectured at leading Australian universities in sport and exercise science. His work focuses on translating science into practical, evidence-based strategies that improve health, fitness, and athletic performance. 00:00 - How to actually raise your VO2 max 05:26 - Long vs short interval training 09:00 - Heart rate vs. perceived exertion 11:13 - Accurately monitoring heart rate 13:12 - The sprint interval training protocol 19:07 - A sample weekly plan 23:58 - Working exercise into the day-to-day 28:24 - Making the most out of supersets 31:58 - VO2 max mistakes 34:32 - How to train for HYROX 39:17 - Foot strength & barefoot lifting 43:37 - Overrated & underrated fitness 45:35 - Fraser's sprint research 50:40 - VO2 max vs. muscle for longevity Referenced in the episode: For more about Thurlow & his personal training, visit: https://stan.store/drthurlow Jan Helgerud sprint study: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17414804/ Vollaard analysis of VO2 max studies: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28079707/ We hope you enjoy this episode, and feel free to watch the full video on YouTube! Whether it's an article or podcast, we want to know what we can do to help here at mindbodygreen. Let us know at: podcast@mindbodygreen.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
In this not-to-miss episode of Do Good to Lead Well, I am joined by Marcus Buckingham—the world's foremost expert on human strengths and engagement—for a candid, data-rich conversation about bringing love into leadership. Drawing on his latest book, Marcus redefines love for the modern workplace: not as romance, but as an intentional design for human flourishing and extraordinary results.Our conversation begins with the deeply personal, as Marcus shares the vulnerability and lessons he learned after selling his beloved company, sparking a compelling case for why “designing love in” must be at the core of modern organizations.He also directly challenges the widespread myths that love makes organizations weak or leaders soft. Instead, tough love emerges as a vital force; sometimes the most loving thing a leader can do is share hard truths or make difficult calls. This episode dives into the real-world consequences of unloving practices like inefficient handoffs or unmanageable spans of control, offering concrete strategies for leaders to build truly vibrant, trust-filled cultures.Whether you're a CEO who wants to transform your organization a team leader wanting to create an environment where you people flourish, this episode provides an evidence-based blueprint. Discover why love is the ultimate performance driver and how you can start designing it into how you lead today.What You'll Learn- The power of love at work.- Redefining love in organizations.- From 'OK' to 'I Love It': The J-Curve of Experience.- Tough love: The role of accountability.- What are loving and unloving practices at work?- The ABCs of leading with love (Authenticity, Beliefs, Customs)Podcast Timestamps(00:02) - Introduction and Origin Story(02:17) - Vulnerability and Lessons from Selling a Business(06:00) - The Business Case for Designing Love In(11:22) - Defining Love in Organizations(17:11) - The Critical Importance of “Fives”(23:18) - Loving and Unloving Workplace Practices(32:11) - Tough Love and Accountability(36:17) - The ABCs of Leading with Love(44:02) - Rebuilding Trust and The Five Feelings of Love(51:07) - The Future of Designing Loving ExperiencesKEYWORDSPositive Leadership, Human Performance, Gallup, StrengthsFinder, Business Case for Love, Organizational Culture, Employee Engagement, Workplace Love, Trust, Team Building, Positive Experiences, Spans of Control, Loving Handoffs in Customer Service, Customer Loyalty, Authenticity, Tough Love, Human Flourishing, Loving and Unloving Practices, CEO Success
Welcome Back to the WHOOP Podcast's Science of Human Performance Series! This week, WHOOP Global Head of Human Performance and Principal Scientist Dr. Kristen Holmes sits down with WHOOP SVP of Research, Algorithms, and Data Emily Capodilupo for a deep dive into the science behind the WHOOP Sleep Score and the habits that have the biggest impact on restorative sleep.Emily explains why sleep consistency is one of the strongest predictors of performance, recovery, and long-term health, and walks through the four metrics that make up your WHOOP Sleep Score: sleep duration, consistency, efficiency, and sleep stress. Together, Dr. Holmes and Emily unpack how nutrition, exercise, alcohol, stress, and your daily routines influence sleep quality, share practical strategies for falling asleep and staying asleep, and discuss how poor sleep can sometimes be an early signal of underlying health issues.Whether you're looking to better understand your WHOOP data or simply wake up feeling more rested, this episode offers a science-backed framework for building healthier sleep habits that last.01:11 How WHOOP Built The Sleep Algorithm02:17 The 4 Pillars of Sleep: Duration, Consistency, Efficiency, & Stress03:20 The Secret To You Best Night's Sleep: Sleep Consistency08:06 Sleep Efficiency Explained11:38 Impact of Alcohol on Sleep Quality18:01: How Your Day Shapes Your Night19:34: Exclusive Offer For WHOOP Podcast Listeners20:07: How Sleep Stress Impacts How Rested You Feel24:08: Is Your Sleep Normal?25:48: Why Sedatives Don't Actually Make You Sleep Better26:59: Defining and Combatting The 2 Types of Insomnia28:57: Light Timing: Benefits of Red Light Therapy on Sleep 30:57: Winding Down Before Sleep: Breathwork & Stress Reduction34:07: Understand Your Health with WHOOP Advanced Labs34:41: Impact of Exercise on Your Ability to Fall Asleep 42:40: How to Prepare for Sleep & Stay Asleep44:28: What Your Lab Results Can Tell You About Sleep 53:40: Creating Contrast Between Day and NightSupport the showFollow WHOOP:Sign up for WHOOP Advanced LabsTrial WHOOP for Freewww.whoop.comInstagramTikTokYouTubeXFacebookLinkedInFollow Will Ahmed:InstagramXLinkedInFollow Kristen Holmes:InstagramLinkedInFollow Emily Capodilupo:LinkedIn
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