Podcasts about Manser

Radiology reports are rich in clinical detail, yet ICD-10 codes often fail to fully capture the complexity and specificity of imaging findings.That is why the producers of Talk Ten Tuesdays and ICD10monitor have invited Laura Manser to explore the most common disconnects between radiology documentation and ICD-10 coding – especially in areas like incidental findings, laterality, and linking imaging results to medical necessity.During the next edition of the weekly broadcast, Manser is also expected to highlight common errors, such as coding suggestive findings as definitive diagnoses, and provide practical guidance on bridging the gap between documentation and compliance.Also part of the live broadcast will be these instantly recognizable panelists, who will report more news during their segments:• Social Determinants of Health: Tiffany Ferguson, CEO for Phoenix Medical Management, Inc., will report on the news that is happening at the intersection of medical record auditing and the SDoH.• The Coding Report: Christine Geiger, Assistant Vice President of Acute and Post-Acute Coding Services for First Class Solutions, will report on the latest coding news.• News Desk: Timothy Powell, ICD10monitor national correspondent, will anchor the Talk Ten Tuesdays News Desk.• MyTalk: Angela Comfort, veteran healthcare subject-matter expert, will co-host the long-running and popular weekly Internet broadcast. Comfort is the Assistant Vice President of Revenue Integrity for Montefiore Health.

Feeling fatigued and don't know what to do, mama?Diane Manser from Teaching is Emotional joins me in this episode to share her journey from emotional fatigue to personal empowerment. She shares mindset shifts and methods to empowerment we can all use. We also discuss the purpose of gratitude and joy in our lives and how these tools can shift our mindset to healing. Diane is a teacher of 19 years; author; founder: Teaching is Emotional, LLC.; and mother of 2 growing up children.Grab Diane's new book I Didn't Sign Up For This: One Classroom Teacher's Journey Through Emotional Fatigue to Personal on Amazon now! Be sure to follow her on Instagram too!Looking for intentional language scripts you can use with your toddler?Check out my newest free gift to you:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠5 Things Your Toddler Needs to Hear You Say Everyday⁠⁠.⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Watch and listen as your child starts to respond differently to you. April 10, 2025Episode 236One Teacher Mama's Journey From Emotional Fatigue to Personal Empowerment with Diane ManserAbout Your Host:Cara Tyrrell, M.Ed is mom to three girls, a Vermont based Early Childhood Educator and the founder of Core4Parenting. She is the passionate mastermind behind the Collaborative Parenting Methodology™, a birth-to-five, soul and science based framework that empowers toddler parents and educators  to turn tantrums into teachable moments. Through keynotes, teacher training, and her top-ranking podcast, Transforming the Toddler Years, she's teaching the 5 Executive Functioning Skills kids need to navigate our ever-changing world.Ready to raise world-ready kids who change the world? Visit⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠www.caratyrrell.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠to begin your Collaborative Parenting journey!

V časih, ko so vsakodnevne dobrine vsaj v naših krajih dostopne tako rekoč takoj, s preprostim klikom na računalniku ali kvečjemu s sprehodom do najbližje trgovine, si kar težko predstavljamo, kako zelo pomembna je za nas narava in kako močno soodvisni so vsi njeni elementi. Čezmerno izkoriščanje naravnih virov lahko trajno poškoduje rastlinstvo, izumrtje neke rastline prej ali slej privede do izumrtja neke živali, posledice pa potem sčasoma občutimo vsi prebivalci našega planeta. Le da se takrat komajda še zavedamo, kaj je bil prvotni vzrok in kdo je bil pravzaprav njihov povzročitelj. Povsem drugače naravo seveda dojemajo različna staroselska plemena, za katera na primer gozd ni le lepa zelena oaza, ampak naravna banka dobrin, ki jim omogoča preživetje. Deforestacija tropskega gozda – še sploh, kadar gre za nezakonit, nepremišljen in nenačrtovan poseg – tako pogosto pomeni neposredno grožnjo ne le številnim živalskim vrstam, ampak tudi ljudem. Ključno v boju proti tovrstnim praksam je predvsem opozarjanje nanje in dobra, zanimiva, napeta animirana filmska pustolovščina, ki mlade gledalce pritegne tako z zgodbo kot s pomenljivim ekološkim sporočilom, je verjetno eden najboljših načinov za to. Švicarski režiser in scenarist Claude Barras /klod baras/ je navdih za svoj najnovejši animirani celovečerni film Divjaki našel delno pri svojih starih starših, ki so kot kmetje živeli v močni povezanosti z naravo, delno pa pri rojaku Brunu Manserju, enem prvih okoljskih aktivistov. Manser, ki mu je lik očeta tudi vizualno precej podoben, je več let preživel med staroselci v Borneu in prav tja, točno na mejo med vsaj navidezno civilizirani mestni svet in divjino tropskega gozda, je Barras postavil vznemirljivo dogajanje svoje zgodbe. Glavna junakinja deklica Kéria, ki živi sama z očetom, nekega dne na plantaži oljnih palm reši mladega orangutana Ošija, skorajda hkrati pa se pred vrati pojavi še njen staroselski bratranec Selai, za katerega sploh ni vedela, da obstaja. Staroselci v Kérijini okolici veljajo za navadne divjake in deklica bi se zaradi sorodstva z njimi seveda najraje ugreznila v tla, toda ko se po številnih napetih pripetljajih z Ošijem in Selaijem sredi tropskega gozda znajde tako rekoč iz oči v oči z bagrom, ki ogroža dom njenih sorodnikov, svojih staroselskih korenin nikakor noče več zanikati. Glavni odliki filma Divjaki – naslov je seveda namerno moč razumeti večpomensko – sta očarljiva stop-motion animacija, ki mu dodaja prav posebno mehkobo in rahlo nostalgičen pridih, ter režiserjev izjemni občutek za podajanje zahtevne vsebine mladim pa tudi nekoliko starejšim gledalcem. Nepokroviteljsko in poglobljeno poudarjanje pomena prijateljstva, sodelovanja in sožitja pa je le še pika na i. Piše: Gaja Pöschl Bere: Lidija Hartman

In this episode of The Blue Tick Show, Mikey sits down with Russell Manser reveals his extraordinary journey from a notorious bank robber to a powerful advocate for abuse survivors. Mikey explores Russell's life, starting from his tough childhood in Liverpool, Australia, to his life changing experience in prison. Russell discusses the harsh realities of his youth, the brutal environment of prison, and his deep descent into heroin addiction. He opens up about the violent dynamics of his criminal life, his multiple arrests, and his daring escapes. Despite these challenges, Russell's journey is one of incredible resilience, profound transformation, and relentless hope. He shares his story into his first robbery at 16, the severe abuses he faced in the justice system, and his eventual turn to activism. Highlighting the systemic flaws and the need for prison reform, Russell's story is a powerful testament to the human capacity for change and redemption. Throughout this interview, Russell recounts personal anecdotes, his advocacy work, and the importance of supporting abuse survivors. He emphasizes the role of community, perseverance, and the impact of his business in providing justice and hope. Key Points: 0:00 - 0:06: Introduction to Russell Maner's story. 0:06 - 0:14: Discussing Russell's early life in Liverpool, Australia. 0:14 - 0:22: Russell's first robbery and initial arrest. 0:22 - 0:28: The harsh realities of prison life and addiction. 0:28 - 0:36: Multiple arrests and daring escape plans. 0:36 - 0:44: Writing to the Royal Commission: the turning point. 0:44 - 0:52: Founding a business to support abuse survivors. 0:52 - 1:00: Advocacy for prison reform and systemic change. 1:00 - 1:08: Personal reflections and the importance of community support. 1:08 - 1:16: Russell's ongoing efforts and message of hope. SPONSORS: Need assistance regarding business immigration? Get in touch!! https://www.cranbrooklegal.com Moving to Dubai ? www.cranbrooklegal.ae Follow The BlueTick Show On All Platforms Here! Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebluetickshow Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/mikeymelin1 Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@TheBluetickShow Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/45FTJt5SYMEQzS39IVnVM6?si=a21c92f042e2415c For all sponsorship enquires email us at info@thebluetickshow.com Follow Mikey Here: https://www.instagram.com/mikeymelin

Das Zivilgericht Basel-Stadt tritt auf die Klage gegen den Bruno Manser Fonds ein und weist die wesentlichen Rechtsbegehren der Klägerschaft ab. Ausserdem: · Basler Regierung muss sich mit dem Konzept der "10-Minuten-Nachbarschaft" auseinandersetzen · Wochengastgespräch mit Barbara Staehelin

Are you feeling emotionally overwhelmed by the ever increasing demands of the classroom? You are not alone, my friend! Many educators experience the emotional highs and lows of teaching but aren't sure how to navigate all these feelings. That's why I am so excited to have Diane Manser joining me today to share valuable insights on managing the emotional impact of teaching.Diane Manser is a seasoned high school English teacher and published author. Diane has taken her personal experiences of emotional overwhelm and helps fellow educators feel empowered to navigate their emotions. With her almost two decades in the classroom, Diane is a wealth of knowledge and is here to encourage educators to embrace the emotional nature of being in the classroom. In this episode, she shares her experiences with emotional fatigue and how therapy and introspection have been key to her healing process. We also dive into strategies for maintaining emotional strength, such as realizing what we do and do not have control over and finding ways to feel personal empowerment in the challenges.HEAD OVER TO THE SHOW NOTES: teachingmindbodyandsoul.com/episode124

Ríos Live: Instrumentos de Su Gloria, viviendo más allá de nosotros mismos, II: Redimidos para Su Gloria - Pastor Jairo Carmona Efesios 1 vs.6-7 I. La necesidad de nuestra redención ¿A cuántas personas sin Cristo, les interesa complacer y vivir para los propósito de Dios? A. El intercambio de la Gloria "Seréis como Dios" Eva no se conformó con su posición dentro del orden de la creación: Ella quizo ser, gozar y vivir para su propia gloria, ella se convirtió en su propio Dios. La psicología le llama Narcisismo, nosotros le llamamos idolatría del Yo. En ese momento, el hombre pasó de gozar una relación intima con el creador, a caer bajo el gaño donde él sería su propio Dios, ese eso momento en que hubo un intercambio. De la Gloria a Dios a la Gloria personal. Romanos 1 vs.22-23 ¿Cómo se manifiesta este desinterés en la gloria de Dios y el interés en su propio placer y propósitos? 1. El tiempo 2. Las personas 3. Dos extremos: No soy capaz, No es tan importante 4. Indiferencia 5. Una vida en el desenfreno de las pasiones y deseos B. La Gloria que se volvió en miseria: Su gloria llegaría a ser su peor miseria, Su libertad seria Su mayor esclavitud, Su luz sería Su más densa oscuridad. (Lucas 4 v.18). II. El Plan de redención A. Redimidos por Su sangre - Efesios 1 v.7; I Pedro 1 v.18 Redención: Conseguir la libertad de una persona o sacarla de la esclavitud mediante el pago de un precio: redimir un cautivo. - Cayuela, Núria Lucena, ed. Diccionario general de la lengua española Vox 1997: n. pag. Print. En la Escritura, la redención se refiere al rescate de Dios de los creyentes sólo a través de la muerte de Jesucristo sobre la cruz y todos los beneficios que traer. - Manser, M. H. Diccionario de temas bíblicos. Ed. Guillermo Powell. Bellingham, WA: Software Biblico Logos, 2012. Print. Cristo: La única persona que puede rescatarnos, el es nuestro redentor y tambien el pagóode nuestra redención. La única persona que ha vivido enteramente para la gloria del Padre. Esto es para el placer y los propósitos de Dios. Juan 1 v.14. El precio de nuestra redención: Cristo no solamente es nuestro redentor, Él nos compró con Su Vida. Intercambio Su vida por la nuestra. I Pedro 1 vs.18-20 B. Redimidos por Su Gracia - Efesios 1 v.7b 1. ¿Qué es la Gracia? Todo acto de Dios que hace bien a nuestras vidas, cuando merecíamos solamente el mal. Si miras a la cruz puedes contemplar Su amor inmerecido y la gravedad de nuestra maldad. El NO murió porque nosotros valemos mucho, el murió a pesar de que no valiamos mucho, como un acto de amor y Gracia. NO merecíamos su muerte, porque no valemos ni una sola gota del Sacrificio de Cristo. Su muerte es pues, la máxima expresión de Su Gracia, ahí se muestras las riquezas de Su Gracia. III. El propósito de la redención - Efe. 1:6 La Salvación no es el fin último de nuestra salvación. El fin último es la Gloria de Dios. A. Nos rescató de una vida vana y sin propósito (I Pedro 1 vs.18; 13-17) 1. Vana en cuanto a las cosas que dirigen nuestra vida. Deseos y pasiones. 2. Vana en cuanto a una vida sin sentido, sin propósitos y sin un verdadero significado. 3. Para que no seamos destruidos por nosotros mismos B. Nos rescató para una vida con propósito centrada en la Gloria y alabanza de Dios 1. Remover el yo y entronizar a Cristo 2. Vivir para complacer y servir a los propósitos de Dios 3. Ese es el fin ultimo de nuestra redención (I Pedro 2 v.9) Conclusión: Toda la Creación debe rendir gloria y honra al Creador. Sin embargo, a la luz de las escrituras y a la luz de nuestras experiencias, la humanidad no vive para complacer a Dios ni para ser parte de sus propósitos. Pero Dios, según las riquezas de Su gracia, quiso rescatarnos a precio de Sangre, para formar un pueblo que viva en libertad plena para el placer y los propósitos de Dios. #riosokc #rioslive #Iglesia #sermón #Dios #LaGloriaDeDios

Did you grow up with a narcissistic mother? My podcast guest, Suzanne Manser, PhD is a Harvard-trained psychologist and author who writes about her own experience growing up with a narcissistic mother and how it impacted her life. In addition to her book (I Hate You (A Love Letter to My Mother): Healing Paper Cuts, Mother Wounds, and Intergenerational Pain) and guided journal (I Hate You (A Love Letter to My Mother): A Journal for Healing Your Mother Wound and Transforming Your Life), Dr. Manser writes articles about how to live with self-acceptance and meaning and has given numerous talks and interviews. Though Dr. Manser's primary role is therapist, she has worn a variety of hats, including clinic director, professor, supervisor, board member, and consultant. Whether through therapy, writing, or speaking, Suzanne is dedicated to helping people heal the pain from their childhood, improve their mental health, and create rich, juicy lives.  In this episode of Last First Date Radio: Why our mothers have the power to impact our sense of self. The impacts of a narcissistic parent, no matter your age, and how to manage them. Is it ever valid to have no contact with one's mother? How intergenerational trauma continues to get passed down. Why it's better to teach people how to hate than not to hate. Connect with Dr. Manser IG https://www.instagram.com/suzannemanserphd/ FB https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61556403713299 Website: https://suzannemanserphd.com  ►Please subscribe/rate and review the podcast on Apple Podcasts http://bit.ly/lastfirstdateradio  ►If you're feeling stuck in dating and relationships and would like to find your last first date, sign up for a complimentary 45-minute breakthrough session with Sandy https://lastfirstdate.com/application  ►Join Your Last First Date on Facebook https://facebook.com/groups/yourlastfirstdate  ►Get Sandy's books, Becoming a Woman of Value; How to Thrive in Life and Love https://bit.ly/womanofvaluebook  and Choice Points in Dating https://amzn.to/3jTFQe9  ►Get FREE coaching on the podcast! https://bit.ly/LFDradiocoaching  ►FREE download: “Top 10 Reasons Why Men Suddenly Pull Away” http://bit.ly/whymendisappear  ►Group Coaching: https://lastfirstdate.com/the-woman-of-value-club/  ►Website → https://lastfirstdate.com/  ► Instagram → https://www.instagram.com/lastfirstdate1/  ►Get Amazon Music Unlimited FREE for 30 days at https://getamazonmusic.com/lastfirstdate  

My guest this week is Diane Manser, a long-time high school teacher with an important message that she shares in her recent book, I Didn't Sign Up for This: One Classroom Teacher's Journey Through Emotional Fatigue to Personal Empowerment (affiliate link).  Topics we discussed included: What led Diane to become a teacher The best and hardest aspects of teaching The point at which my guest started to wonder what she had signed up for Aspects of teaching that can lead to frustration and burnout Some of the needs and expectations that teachers can bring to the classroom Embracing organic developments while teaching Teaching as a both/and experience that is both rewarding and challenging Experiencing of meanness from students The emotional elements of being a teacher Learning to recognize the familiar reactions we have to certain types of people How being a teacher can force a person to grow on a personal level Diane Manser is a devoted high school English teacher in the Philadelphia suburbs, focusing most of her teaching career in the ninth grade. She is the founder of Teaching is Emotional, which encourages educational leaders, current teachers, and emerging teachers to support teachers' emotional strength as they navigate a challenging profession. Diane loves to be the sunshine in people's days and to find joy in the simplest of moments. She relishes summertime at the beach, self-discovery podcasts and non-fiction books, TV watching with her husband, and playing with her kids. Find Diane online at her website and join her private Facebook group Teaching Is Emotional.

In this episode of Digital Learning Today, host Jeffrey Bradbury interviews Diane Manser, an English teacher and author, about the emotional challenges of teaching. Manser discusses the importance of recognizing and addressing the emotional impact of teaching, as well as strategies for building relationships with students and colleagues. She also shares some technology tools she uses in her classroom, such as ThingLink and Padlet, to engage students and facilitate discussions. The episode concludes with the announcement that Manser will be joining Bradbury as a co-host on future episodes of the podcast. If you are a new listener to TeacherCast, we would love to hear from you.  Please visit our Contact Page and let us know how we can help you today! In This Episode … Teaching is often viewed strictly as a content profession, but it is equally an emotional profession. Teachers can experience a range of emotions within their school day, including inferiority, defensiveness, reactions to student behaviors, fulfillment, enjoyment, internal rewards, and confidence. Additionally, teachers can walk into their work day carrying stress or worry, but needing to put on a brave face for the sake of a controlled teaching day. Teachers may be positioned to be in charge, but they are not in control. Our students' behavior communicates something to us. We can implement strategies--student awareness, intrapersonal awareness, language choice--that will help us "lower the volume" on taking unfavorable situations personally. The need for teachers to know themselves well on a deeper level, so they can be resilient in the classroom and maintain teaching with joy and confidence. Conversation Takeaways Recognize and address the emotional impact of teaching Build relationships with students and colleagues Use technology tools like ThingLink and Padlet to engage students Diane Manser will be joining Jeffrey Bradbury as a co-host on future episodes Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Digital Learning Today 02:23 Introducing Diane Manser 09:36 Building Relationships with Students 14:14 Navigating the Roller Coaster of Emotions 23:12 Enhancing Student Engagement with Technology 26:22 Introducing Diane Manser as a Co-Host Follow The Jeff Bradbury Show And Subscribe View All Episodes Apple Podcasts Spotify Follow Our Host Jeff Bradbury | @JeffBradbury TeacherCast | @TeacherCast About our Guest: Diane Manser is a current 18-year high school English teacher in a suburban district of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Diane teaches ninth graders, and has just published a book about the emotional challenges of teaching called I Didn't Sign Up For This: One Classroom Teacher's Journey Through Emotional Fatigue to Personal Empowerment. Diane feels strongly that the education we receive as teachers, whether within our undergraduate programs, Master level programs, or professional development, should emphasize that teaching is an emotional profession just as it is a content profession, so teachers develop intrapersonal understanding to strengthen their...

Slowly but surely making our way back into the podcast feed! Diane Manser is here to talk about being a highschool teacher and an author of the new book, I Didn't Sign Up For This: One Teacher's Journey Through Emotional Fatigue To Personal Empowerment.Diane shares how her debut book came to be and what her goals are for who it will reach now that it's out in the world. What causes pain and difficulty in teaching? How can teachers recognize it and make changes before they burnout? Whether you're a teacher or you have teachers in your life, you'll learn about how teaching is not just a content profession, but it's also an emotional profession, and that knowledge can totally change our perspectives. Hosts: Rachael Gallagher and Elizabeth VarasoGuest: Diane ManserFollow Everyday Thin Places on Instagram.Join the Everyday Thin Places Facebook community.Reach Rachael and Elizabeth at everydaythinplaces@gmail.com

Anything Goes with James English Ep 427 Australia's Most Notorious Bank Robber Russell Manser Opens Up About Dark Past You can contact James on his social media platforms ⬇️⬇️ http://instagram.com/jamesenglish2 http://twitter.com/jamesenglish0 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Anything Goes with James English Ep 427 Australia's Most Notorious Bank Robber Russell Manser Opens Up About Dark Past You can contact James on his social media platforms ⬇️⬇️ http://instagram.com/jamesenglish2 http://twitter.com/jamesenglish0 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Shameel Joosub, the Group CEO of Vodacom, discusses the company's annual results with host Bruce Whitfield. The group disclosed an 11.2% decrease in earnings per share to 842c, as well as a 10.8% reduction in headline earnings per share to 846c for the year in review.   As Spain's olive oil output dwindles amidst climate-related challenges, global prices soar to unprecedented levels, prompting concerns over supply chain integrity and theft. With South Africa grappling with its own production limitations, consumers face steep retail hikes while producers navigate a landscape of rising costs and erratic yields. Wendy Petersen, CEO of the South African Olive Association discussed this.    Riaan Manser, explorer and adventurer was our guest in How I Make Money. Manser rose to prominence by cycling around the perimeter of Africa for over 24  months, alone & unaided. He told us about his adventures and how he makes his money.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Riaan Manser, explorer and adventurer was our guest in How I Make Money. Manser rose to prominence by cycling around the perimeter of Africa for over 24  months, alone & unaided. He told us about his adventures and how he makes his money.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Description: An in-depth study of the Epistle of Jude most likely written later than the similar second letter of Peter when the corruption of the first century ecclesias was advancing with increasing ungodliness. It's a relentless message of warning and scathing rebuke with no reference made to the saving of Noah or Lot included by Peter. Instead emphasis is on corruption from within exposing the latter day situation when self-serving apostates will endeavour to impose their worldly values on the ecclesias. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/christadelphians-talk/message

The team at I Catch Killers is deeply saddened by the passing of our good friend Russell Manser. Russell has helped so many people in his life. The courage that he showed to turn his life around and help other people was truly inspirational. You will be missed brother. Rest in peace. This episode is from the archives, and was first published on 11 November 2021. In part two of Gary's chat with Russell he talks about his time in prison and how he became driven to get involved in the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The team at I Catch Killers is deeply saddened by the passing of our good friend Russell Manser. Russell has helped so many people in his life. The courage that he showed to turn his life around and help other people was truly inspirational. You will be missed brother. Rest in peace. This episode is from the archives, and was first published on 8 November 2021. Russell Manser has an extensive criminal history. He robbed banks, escaped from custody, was a heroin addict and spent 23 years in gaol. What wasn't known about Russell is that he was the victim of institutionalised sexual abuse. He's a tough guy who has the courage to talk about his experiences and encourage others to come forward.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Brent has known Russell for 25 years. Russell and his Voice of a Survivor charity helped thousands of people who were victims of institutional abuse.  We pay our respects to Russell and his family in this episode by hearing about his journey of redemption from season 1  RIP Brother.  https://thevoiceofasurvivor.com/  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In My First African Adventure, Riaan Manser allows the reader to relive the toil, excitement and occasional terror of his journey - negotiating the Sahara and Libyan deserts, learning French, Portuguese and Arabic, eating monkey, rat and bat, standing in front of the pyramids, being awarded the freedom of the Red Sea in Egypt, feeding hyenas mouth to mouth, and standing on the highest, as well as at the lowest, points in Africa. Riaan arrived safely in Cape Town on 25 November 2005. Now, for the first time, children can relive this amazing journey of discovery in a fun, illustrated version of the original journey. And this week, Riaan Manser and Murray Williams join the Good Things Guy podcast to chat about the new book! My First African Adventure!

Home to about 30 Million people, this Southeast Asian Nation is on both the Malay Peninsula and the island of Boreno. It's on the island of Borneo where we get the fascinating story of Bruno Manser, one the world'd first environmental celebrities, ridiculed in the West as a "White Tarzan." Here's the book by Carl Hoffman, which tells the story of Bruno, that Clark mentions in this episode: https://www.amazon.com/Last-Wild-Men-Borneo-Treasure/dp/0062439022 In this episode, Clark talks about countries with religious symbolism in their flags. Here's an interesting link from PEW Research about 64 countries with religious symbolism in their flags: https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2014/11/25/64-countries-have-religious-symbols-on-their-national-flags/ Info on Clark's online classes: Free classes available on Coral Academy! ● Parents can visit ⁠⁠https://www.coralacademydemo.com/⁠⁠ and select their preferred classes ● While filling in the learner details, they should click on 'Referred by teacher' and enter CLARK VANDEVENTER For more travel perspectives, follow Clark on social media! Clark on Instagram: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.instagram.com/clarkvand/⁠⁠⁠⁠ Clark on TikTok: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@clarkvand?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠⁠⁠⁠ You can also email Clark at clarkvand@gmail.com and check out all of his course offerings for tweens and teens on Outschool at ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://bit.ly/clarkonoutschool⁠⁠

In this episode, Russell Mancer shares his journey from a troubled childhood in Mount Druitt to spending 23 years in prison. He discusses the impact of trauma and abuse on his life and how he found the strength to turn his life around. Russell emphasizes the importance of gratitude and freedom, having experienced the loss of both during his time in prison. He also delves into the role models he had growing up and how they influenced his path towards a life of crime. The conversation explores the effects of shame and guilt, the power of vulnerability, and the process of self-love and healing. Russell's ultimate goal is to create awareness for survivors of abuse and to shut down pedophiles, advocating for justice and support for those who have suffered.00:00:00 | Introduction00:01:00 | Gratitude for freedom00:04:00 | Being Oppressed in Mt Druitt Leading To Crime00:11:00 | Being Sexually Abused in a Boys Home00:15:00 | Forming Coping Mechanisms to escape reality00:26:00 | Letting Go Of Shame & Guilt00:44:00 | The Impact On Relationships & Intimacy00:53:00 | Creating Awareness For Survivors & Shutting Down Pedophiles01:05:00 | Building A Relationship With His 2 Sons01:16:00 | Closing Tradition QuestionFollow Russell: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/russell_manser/FOLLOW ► Instagram:   https://www.instagram.com/thebetarproject/Sponsors: Betar Media:  https://www.instagram.com/betarmedia/Support the showConnect with Nick:Instagram TikTok YouTube

@willysworldpocast X @thestickuppodcast In this week's episode, I am posting a podcast that I got interviewed for with the infamous former bank robber Russell Manser. "This week we're diving into the world of cannabis with ‘Australia's King of Cannabis' himself, William Stolk. Former pro freestyle skier turned content extraordinaire, Will has taken the entertainment world by storm, being the mastermind behind viral moments and global connections that generate millions of views across industries." Follow The Stick Up Podcast on Instagram: @stickuppodcast "Willy's World" is the podcast/shock jock journey of Willy Biggs, A Former Freeskier And International Man Of Mystery. Listen on as this well-connected loose-as-a-goose entrepreneur & content creator conducts compelling conversations with an extensive list of players from music, sports, cannabis, porn, science, art, and culture, who are actively changing the course of history. Connect with Willy on social media. Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/willysworldaus IG: @willysworld69 & @willysworldpodcast Web: https://www.willysworld.com.au

A huge welcome to my wonderful guest Suzanne Manser who is joining me today to talk about body neutrality. Suzanne Manser, PhD is a clinical psychologist in private practice in Portland, Oregon. She has specialized in working with people with eating disorders since 1999. She also specializes in working with folks with anxiety.  In addition to her work as a therapist, Dr. Manser has served as the director of a clinic, an instructor at the undergraduate and graduate levels, and a board member. She has given numerous invited talks on understanding and treating people with eating disorders. Dr. Manser is on a mission to help us all accept ourselves. To that end, she writes a blog and has two upcoming books: I Hate You: A Love Letter to My Mother. Healing Paper Cuts, Mother Wounds, and Intergenerational Pain and a guided journal titled, I Hate You: A Love Letter to My Mother. A Journal for Healing Your Mother Wound and Transforming Your Life. Website: https://suzannemanserphd.com/ Insta: https://www.instagram.com/drsuzannemanser/

Russell Manser served 23-years behind bars in Northern Territory, Queensland and NSW prisons and made a name as one of Australia's most notorious criminals before leaving a life of crime behind and starting a charity that would offer support to victims of physical, emotional and sexual abuse at the hands of institutions, as they seek justice.Russell grew up in Western Sydney, for him, bank robbers who came from his area were people he looked up to, men who coming home from prison were so often greeted like hero's. Russell didn't come from a broken home, in fact he came from a very law abiding household where upholding the family name was important. Unfortunately Russell's life was taking a different direction.This is the story of former Australian Bank Robber Russell Manser, as told by him.You can hear Russell's podcast here Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Russell Manser served 23-years behind bars in Northern Territory, Queensland and NSW prisons and made a name as one of Australia's most notorious criminals before leaving a life of crime behind and starting a charity that would offer support to victims of physical, emotional and sexual abuse at the hands of institutions, as they seek justice.Russell grew up in Western Sydney, for him, bank robbers who came from his area were people he looked up to, men who coming home from prison were so often greeted like hero's. Russell didn't come from a broken home, in fact he came from a very law abiding household where upholding the family name was important. Unfortunately Russell's life was taking a different direction.This is the story of former Australian Bank Robber Russell Manser, as told by him.You can hear Russell's podcast here Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

I 1984 rejste den schweiziske fårehyrde Bruno Manser til Borneo. Her mødte han de nomadiske Penan, det oprindelig folk i Borneos Sarawak region og blev boende hos dem i 6 år. Han lærte deres sprog og adopterede deres kultur. Penanerne accepterede ham som en af deres egne og gav ham navnet Laki Penan – Penan Manden. Manser hjælp Penanerne med at kæmpe mod de store skovrydningsvirksomheder, som ødelagde – eller rettere stjal - Penanernes hjem. Manser vendte hjem til Schweiz og forsøgte i mange år at skabe opmærksomhed omkring Penanernes kamp. I 2000 rejste han tilbage til Borneo, ind i junglen og forsvandt. Vært: Bjørn Harvig. Medvirkende: Henrik Egede-Lassen, naturfotograf med talrige rejser på alle kontinenter både over og under vand, og forfatter til bogen ”Hvis jeg overlever det her, bliver det en god historie”. Henrik har rejst på Borneo talrige gange. Han har opholdt sig der sammenlagt i mere end et år og mange gange sammen med Penanerne, og så har Henrik flere gange mødt dagens hovedperson Bruno Manser. Redaktør: Rikke Caroline Carlsen.Produceret af Vores Tid, Nationalmuseets mediehus, i samarbejde med 24Syv.

Tony Hoang was a teenage drug dealer hanging out with violent gangs and feeding a raging heroin habit. Not far away, Russell Manser had robbed his first bank at 22 - the first in a string of several violent burglaries. This is how they escaped the deadly world of crime.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hey there Rainmaker Family! We are so excited to share our latest podcast with you! We had the pleasure of interviewing the amazing JaLynn Manser, a real estate mogul from Arizona who has achieved incredible success. JaLynn's journey is nothing short of inspiring. She started as a barista and a single mom, going through a tough divorce. But she didn't let those challenges hold her back. Instead, she seized opportunities and turned her life around, becoming a millionaire through her real estate investments. Can you believe it? But wait, that's not all! During the episode, we were in for a delightful surprise when JaLynn's husband, Kelly, joined in on the conversation. The story of how they met at a conference is like something out of a movie – a chance encounter that changed their lives forever! JaLynn's warmth and joy are infectious, and her journey from barista to millionaire will leave you feeling inspired and motivated. But it doesn't end there. JaLynn shared invaluable wisdom on real estate investing, especially the power of leveraging other people's money (OPM) through lease options. Imagine this – you can control a valuable asset with just a security deposit while someone else pays your rent! JaLynn's insight into leveraging OPM is a game-changer, and it's something we're eager to explore further. JaLynn emphasizes that now is the perfect time to buy a home. Prices are likely to go up, and inventory is still low. It's a buyer's market, so hit the play button now to learn more! They discuss the current market situation, how interest rates were higher in the past, and how it's an ideal time for buyers. Sellers are offering concessions and help with down payments. JaLynn also shares her spiritual journey, the importance of staying positive, and surrounding yourself with like-minded people to overcome obstacles.  If you are interested in investing or learning more about the housing market or just need some mindset training this episode is for you! Hit the play button now to find out more!    Links for this episode: Website: http://www.thejgroupre.com/  Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jalynn_manser_thejgroup/  LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jalynn-manser-shaw-3x-icon-agent-exp-realty-879133117/  Level Up with lease options masterclass: https://www.levelupwithleaseoptions.com/optin1674489537159    Connect with us: The Rainmaker Challenge: https://rainmakerchallenges.com/join ► Subscribe To Our YouTube Channel: https://bit.ly/33EdgBs ► Website: therainmakerfamily.com ► Facebook: www.facebook.com/diazfamilylegacy ► Instagram: instagram.com/chels_diaz instagram.com/steezdiaz instagram.com/therainmakerfamily ► Get Free Stuff On Amazon: stephensfreestuff.com/sfs Episode: minute by minute  0:00 Introduction to the podcast and the special guest JaLynn, and Kelly, who joins later in the episode. 1:50 Stephen and Chelsey introduce their guest, JaLynn Manser, a top 1% real estate investor in Arizona. 3:22 JaLynn shares her remarkable journey from being a barista and single mom to becoming a millionaire through real estate. 6:12 JaLynn talks about her transition from a barista to a title rep and eventually venturing into real estate. 10:30 JaLynn discusses the power of leveraging other people's money in real estate investing and shares examples of successful strategies. 14:24 JaLynn explains various ways to invest in real estate without using your own money, including lease options and leasing arbitrage. 17:48 Stephen and Chelsey inquire about JaLynn's advice for investing in luxury properties and destinations. 17:50 JaLynn discusses the importance of building relationships in real estate investing and shares how she connected with her business partners. 21:10 JaLynn emphasizes the value of education and continuous learning in the real estate industry. 23:30 JaLynn talks about the challenges she faced during her journey and how she overcame them with perseverance and mindset shifts. 26:15 JaLynn gives advice to those starting in real estate, including the significance of taking action and finding a mentor. 29:05 Stephen and Chelsey express gratitude to JaLynn for sharing her knowledge and inspiring journey. 30:40 JaLynn explains how listeners can connect with her and access her educational resources. 32:20 JaLynn shares her vision for the future and the impact she aims to make in the real estate world. 34:35 Stephen and Chelsey conclude the podcast episode with final thoughts and thank the audience for tuning in.  

This is part two of our conversation with ex-bank robber turned advocate Russell Manser. In this episode of Motive & Method, Tim & Xanthe talk to Russell about his experience of institutionalised abuse in boys homes & the prison system and deep dive into his work to alleviate the trauma for other prisoners. Find out more about Russell's work “The Voice of a Survivor”.Listen to Russell's podcast “The Stickup”.Want to get involved in the community? Follow Motive & Method @motiveandmethod on Instagram.Motive & Method is an MIK Made Production. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoicesSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This is part two of our conversation with ex-bank robber turned advocate Russell Manser.  In this episode of Motive & Method, Tim & Xanthe talk to Russell about his experience of institutionalised abuse in boys homes & the prison system and deep dive into his work to alleviate the trauma for other prisoners.  Find out more about Russell's work “The Voice of a Survivor”. Listen to Russell's podcast “The Stickup”. Want to get involved in the community? Follow Motive & Method @motiveandmethod on Instagram. Motive & Method is an MIK Made Production. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Russell Manser is a man who went from stealing cars and robbing banks and spent the better part of his life behind bars in a number of maximum security prisons & boys homes.  Today, in his 50s, he is an advocate who helps other prisoners after jail around ongoing issues of institutional sex abuse in prison through his advocacy group “The Voice of a Survivor”.  He is also the host of his own podcast “The Stickup” Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Russell Manser is a man who went from stealing cars and robbing banks and spent the better part of his life behind bars in a number of maximum security prisons & boys homes. Today, in his 50s, he is an advocate who helps other prisoners after jail around ongoing issues of institutional sex abuse in prison through his advocacy group “The Voice of a Survivor”. He is also the host of his own podcast “The Stickup” Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoicesSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Did you know meerkats are far more murderous than they seem or that their burrows can be as wide as a Purple Worm's? All this and more as we delve underground and find out why they can be so aggressive and who would win in a fight: 1000 meerkats or Nicole. Primary Sources: Gómez, J., Verdú, M., González-Megías, A., Méndez, M. 2016. The phylogenetic roots of human lethal violence. Nature 538, 233-237. Dyble, M., Houslay, T., Manser, M., Clutton-Brock, T. 2019. Intergroup aggression in meerkats. Proc. R. Soc. B. 286: 20161993. Young A., and Clutton-Brock, T. 2006. Infanticide by subordinates influences reproductive sharing in cooperatively breeding meerkats. Biol. Lett.2385–387. Contact Website Facebook Twitter info@grasslandgroupies.org Merch Store!

Russell Manser is a survivor. Sent to an adult jail facility at the age of 16, Russell's story of being a juvenile in an adult system is disturbing. A system designed to punish and rehabilitate lead to multiple incarcerations for a variety of crimes and repeated sexual abuse, but his survival instincts prevailed and he now uses his life as an example to help others.RUSSELL MANSER LINKS:Voice of a Survivor WebsiteSupport the showBROWN PARK LINKS:InstagramFacebookTik TokWebsiteShop Brown Park

This week the boys are joined by a very special guest, One of the all time best bank robbers in Australia Russell Manser.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Our guest today is Russell Manser, Russel spent 23 years in prison after a series of bank robberies and miscellaneous criminal activities. Russel was a victim of institutionalised sexual abuse, being jailed with some of Australia's worst sex offenders despite only just turning 17.The sexual trauma Russell experienced led him to cope with recreational drugs, eventually leading to a $1500 heroin addiction.  Russel has since been rehabilitated and now runs Voice of a Survivor, which aims to help victims of institutional abuse find justice through the legal system as well as advocate for social and political change. ‘The Voice of a Survivor' has now helped over 16,000 people tell their stories and begin the process for justice and healing.YOUTUBE: https://www.youtube.com/c/DeepDrinksMUSIC: @dcuttermusicDisclaimer: Deep Drinks Podcast (DDP) does not endorse the views or statements of any guest. DDP strives for deep conversations about deep topics, this includes harmful ideologies discussed responsibly. FULL STATEMENT https://www.deepdrinks.com/disclaimerSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On this week's edition of Uncut/Off Air, we have an insightful chat with the fascinating Russell Manser about a life of crime, his prison sentence and much more.Subscribe on LiSTNR: https://play.listnr.com/podcast/hughesy-ed-and-erinSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Our guest this week, Russell Manser, has an incredible podcast of his own called The Stick Up. Please enjoy this rare interview with Mick Gatto, and check out other episodes of The Stick Up wherever you get your podcasts. Show notes:In this rare interview with ex-underworld figure Mick Gatto, you'll hear about his love for his family, passion for charity and the life altering moments that saw him lose two sons, and end up in jail. Russell talks with a man who speaks his truth. Founder of www.thevoiceofasurvivor.comFind Russell on Instagram hereFind Russell on TikTok hereSupport this show http://supporter.acast.com/australiantruecrime. For a few dollars per month, you can listen to every episode early and ad free, access fortnightly bonus content, and even get your name shouted out on the show! Become a subscriber to Australian True Crime Plus here: https://plus.acast.com/s/australiantruecrime. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Russell Manser is an extraordinary man. He's been in and out of prison since we was literally a child, and when he wasn't inside, he was robbing banks to support a raging heroin habit. As we know, lifestyle habits like that don't come out of nowhere. When Russell decided to face the truth of what had happened to him, it changed his life. Since then, he's changed many lives too. This is a very upsetting story involving serious sexual assault. We've talked around these issues before with other guests, but Russell is uncompromisingly honest when talking about his story. Please take care when listening to this episode.To hear more from Russell, as well as the stories of his amazing guests, you can listen to his podcast called The Stick Up with Russell Manser You can also learn more about The Voice of a Survivor at www.thevoiceofasurvivor.com If you have been affected by anything discussed in this episode you can contact:Lifeline on 13 11 1413 YARN on 13 92 76 (24/7 crisis support phone line for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people) For ad-free listening, early access and exclusive content, join Australian True Crime Plus on Apple Podcasts here: http://apple.co/australiantruecrime  CREDITS: Host: Meshel Laurie. You can find her on Instagram Co-Host: Emily Webb. You can find her on Instagram here and listen to her podcast Killer Content here. Guests: Russell ManserProducer/Editor: Matthew TankardExecutive Producer: Jacqueline TonksRecorded at a Hub Australia Media Studio. Find the workspace that's right for you at https://www.hubaustralia.com/  GET IN TOUCH:Send us a question or comment on this episode to be used in our "Episode Download" series: https://www.speakpipe.com/ATC Follow the show on Instagram @australiantruecrimepodcast and Facebook https://www.facebook.com/AustralianTrueCrimePod/ Email the show at team@smartfella.com.au Australian True Crime is a podcast by Smart Fella Media. Your story matters and how you tell it matters even moreSupport this show http://supporter.acast.com/australiantruecrime. For a few dollars per month, you can listen to every episode early and ad free, access fortnightly bonus content, and even get your name shouted out on the show! Become a subscriber to Australian True Crime Plus here: https://plus.acast.com/s/australiantruecrime. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Former bank robber turned Supermax prisoner turned survivor advocate, Russell Manser joins Errol and Clancy this week to discuss a life of crime, and a life after crime. From his early days boosting Porches - to the riches of his major crimes that followed. Russell is now a poster child for recovery and redemption. Very few people can articulate the cycles of abuse and institutionalization that occurs within our juvies and adult prisons. He tells a cracking yarn.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Graham Barfield (@GrahamBarfield) and Scott Barrett (@ScottBarrettDFB) bring on Darren Manser (@BooBooJoJo) to talk about the upcoming DFS season.

This week I have the pleasure of introducing Dr. Anna Aizer, professor of economics at Brown University and editor-in-chief at the Journal of Human Resources. I am a long time admirer of Dr. Aizer’s work and have followed her career with curiosity for a long time. Some of her papers imprinted pretty strongly on me. I’ll just briefly mention one.Her 2015 article in the prestigious Quarterly Journal of Economics with Joe Doyle on juvenile incarceration, for instance, has haunted me for many many years. It was the first or second paper I had seen at the time that had used the now popular “leniency design” to examine the causal effect of being incarcerated as a youth on high school completion and other outcomes as well as adult incarceration. Simply comparing those outcomes for those incarcerated and those not incarcerated as a kid will not reveal the causal effect of juvenile incarceration if juvenile incarceration suffers from selection bias on unobservable confounders. So Dr. Aizer with Joe Doyle used a clever approach to overcome that problem in which they found quasi-random variation, disconnected from the unobserved confounder, in juvenile incarceration caused by the random assignment of juvenile judges. As these judges varied in the propensity to sentence kids, they effectively utilized the judges’ own decisions as life changing lotteries which they then used to study the effect of juvenile incarceration on high school and adult incarceration. And the findings were bleak, depressing, enraging, upsetting, sad, all the emotions. They found that indeed being assigned to a more strict judge substantially raised one’s chances of being sentenced as a kid. Using linked administrative data connecting each of those kids to their Chicago Public School data as well as Cook County incarceration data, they then found that being incarcerated significantly increased the effect of committing a criminal offense as an adult, and it decreased the probability of finishing high school. The kids, best they could tell, mostly didn’t return after their juvenile incarceration, but if they did return, they were more likely to be given a emotional and behavioral disorder label in the data. My interpretation was always severe — incarceration had scarred the kids, traumatizing them, and they weren’t the same. The paper would haunt me for various personal reasons as I saw a loved one arrested and spent time in jail on numerous occasions. I would see kids in my local community who had grown up with our kids arrested and think of Dr. Aizer' and Joe Doyle’s study, concluding the most important thing I could do was bail them out. The paper was one of many events in my own life that led me to transition my research to mental illness within corrections and self harm attempts by inmates even. But there’s other personal reasons I wanted to interview Dr. Aizer. Dr. Aizer went to UCLA where she studied with Janet Currie, Adriana Lleras-Muney and Guido Imbens. Recall that when Imbens was denied tenure at Harvard, he went to UCLA. Currie, who had attended Princeton at the same time as Angrist, Imbens’ coauthor on many papers on instrumental variables in the 1990s, was an original economist focused on the family, but unlike Becker and others, brought with her that focused attention to finding variation in data that could plausibly recover causal effects. The story, in other words, of Princeton’s Industrial Relations Section and design based causal inference, going back to Orley Ashenfelter, was spreading through the profession through the placements of scholars at places like UCLA, which is where Dr. Aizer was a student. In this storyline in my head, Dr. Aizer was a type of first generation member of the credibility revolution, and I wanted to talk to her not only for her scholarly work’s influence on me, but also because I wanted to continue tracing Imbens and Angrist’s influence on the profession through UCLA. The interview, though, was warm and interesting throughout. Dr. Aizer is a bright light in the profession working on important questions in the family, poverty and public policy. For anyone interested in the hardships of our communities and neighborhoods, I highly recommend to you her work. Now let me beg for your support. Scott’s Substack and the podcast, Mixtape with Scott, are user supported. If your willingness to pay for the episodes and the explainers (I’m going to write some more I promise!), please consider becoming a subscriber! Scott's Substack is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.TranscriptScott Cunningham:In this week's episode of the Mix Tape podcast, I had the pleasure of interviewing Dr. Anna Aizer, professor of economics at Brown University in Rhode Island and editor in chief of the Journal of Human Resources. I have had a keen interest in Anna Aizer and her career and her work for a couple of reasons. Actually a lot, but here's two. First, she did her PhD at UCLA when Janet Currie was there, as well as when Guido Imbens was there. Imbens taught there after he left Harvard, for those of you that remember that interview I did with him. Recall my overarching conviction that Princeton's industrial relations section, which was where Orley Ashelfeltner, David Card, Alan Kruger, Bob Lalonde, Josh Angrist originated from, as well as Janet Currie.My conviction that this was the ground zero of design based causal inference. And that design based causal inference spread through economics, not really through econometrics, and econometrics textbooks, but really through applied people. She also worked with Adriana Lleras-Muney, who's also at UCLA now, who was a student of Rajeev Dehejia, who wrote a seminal work in economics using propensity score, who was also Josh Angrist’s student at MIT. So you can see, Anna fits my obsession with a sociological mapping out of the spread of causal inference through the applied community.But putting aside Anna as being instrumentally interesting, I am directly interested in her and her work on domestic violence and youth incarceration among other things. I've followed it super closely, teach a lot of these papers all the time, think about them even more. In this episode, we basically walked through her early life in Manhattan to her time at Amherst College, to her first jobs working in nonprofits, in areas of reform and poverty, to graduate school. We talked about her thoughts about domestic violence and poverty and crime along the way, too. And it was just a real honor and a pleasure to get to talk to her. I hope you like it as much as me. My name is Scott Cunningham and this is Mix Tape podcast. Okay. It's really great to introduce my guest this week on the podcast, Anna Aizer. Anna, thank you so much for being on the podcast.Anna Aizer:Pleasure to be here. Thanks so much for inviting me.Scott Cunningham:Before we get started, could you tell us obviously your name and your training and where you work?Anna Aizer:Sure. I'm a professor of economics at Brown University. I did my PhD at UCLA oh many years ago. Before that actually I got a masters in public health. Sorry. I have a strong public health interest and focus in a lot of my work. I'm also currently the co-director of the NBR program on children. That is a program at the NBR that is focused entirely on the economics of children and families. I'm the editor in chief of the Journal of Human Resources.Scott Cunningham:Great. It's so nice to meet in person. I've been a long time reader of your papers because you write about these topics on violence against women. There's not a lot of people in economics that do. And the way that you approach it shares a lot of my own thoughts. I'm going to talk about it later, but it's really nice to meet in person.Anna Aizer:Sure. Nice to meet you, too.Scott Cunningham:Okay. I want to break up the conversation a little bit into your life. First part, just talk about your life growing up. And then the second part, I want to talk about research stuff. So where did you grow up?Anna Aizer:I grew up in New York City.Scott Cunningham:Oh, okay.Anna Aizer:Yeah, I did.Scott Cunningham:Which, borough was it?Anna Aizer:Manhattan.Scott Cunningham:Oh, okay.Anna Aizer:Yeah. Yeah. Upper side. But when I went off to college, I went to rural Massachusetts.Scott Cunningham:Yeah.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I went to Amherst, which is a very small liberal arts college in the Berkshires. That was a very different experience for me. And believe it or not, I was not an econ major.Scott Cunningham:Oh, you weren't?Anna Aizer:In fact I was not. I only took one econ course my entire four years in college.Scott Cunningham:Oh, wow. Wait, so what'd you major in?Anna Aizer:I majored in American studies with a focus on colonial American history and literature.Scott Cunningham:Mm. On literature. Oh, that's what I majored in, too.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Yeah, yeah, yeah. Oh, wow. So early American history. So what, was this was the 1700s or even-Anna Aizer:Yeah. So I did a lot of 17, 1800s, a lot of the New Republic period. My undergraduate thesis was actually on girls schooling in the Early Republic.Scott Cunningham:Oh wow. What was the deal with girls schooling in the Early Republic?Anna Aizer:What was the deal with the girls schooling? Well, it depends. For most of the Northeast, the focused on girls schooling was really this idea that it was a new country, they were going to have to have leaders in this new country, and someone had to educate those leaders. Someone had to educate those little boys to grow up, to go ahead and lead this country. And so the idea was, well, we had to start educating moms so that they could rear boys who could then go on to this great nation.Scott Cunningham:I see. Women's education was an input in male leadership?Anna Aizer:That's correct.Scott Cunningham:Got it. Got it. Wow. Okay. Well, that's interesting. I get that. You start educating women though, I suspect that you get more than just male leaders.Anna Aizer:I think that's right. It was an unintended consequence.Scott Cunningham:Unintended consequence. They didn't think that far ahead. Okay.Anna Aizer:Yeah. That's a very good point to make, because two women who were educated in one of the first schools dedicated to educating women so that they could go on and rear their boys to be strong leaders were Katherine Beecher, who went on to create one of the most important girls schools in Troy, New York. And Harriet Beecher Stowe of course, who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin.Scott Cunningham:They're related?Anna Aizer:Yeah. They are sisters. They are sisters.Scott Cunningham:Oh, they're sisters.Anna Aizer:They were one of the first sets of girls who were educated in this mindset of we need leaders so let's have some educated moms. And they of course had other ideas and they went and formed schools and wrote incredibly important works of fiction that ended up playing a pretty significant role in the Civil War.Scott Cunningham:Wow. Was this the thing over in England too? Or was this just an American deal?Anna Aizer:I don't know the answer to that.Scott Cunningham:Huh. I guess they have a different production function for leaders in England where as we it's very decentralized here or something. Right?Anna Aizer:Right. So you're saying in England they already had their system of you go to Eaten, and then you go to Cambridge or Oxford. Right. I think that's probably right. So we didn't have that here.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. That's right. I mean, you're creating everything from scratch. And with such a reactionary response to England who knows what kinds of revolutionary approaches you're taking to... That's probably pretty revolutionary, right? Say we're going to teach women even though it's in order to produce male leaders, it's still thinking outside the box a little bit.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I suppose that's true. Yeah.Scott Cunningham:That's cool. How come you didn't end up in... So you end up at Amherst. As a kid in Manhattan, what were you doing? You were reading books and stuff? You were a big reader?Anna Aizer:I suppose. Yeah. I suppose so.Scott Cunningham:Is that what drew you to Amherst, a liberal arts college?Anna Aizer:I don't really know. I don't think I actually knew what I wanted until much later in life. I was an American studies major, which at the time I learned a lot. It took me a while to gravitate to economics. Once I did, it was clear that that was really the right path for me.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. One question I want to leave your kid. So your parents let you ride the subway when you were a little kid?Anna Aizer:Oh yes.Scott Cunningham:Oh gosh. I bet that was so cool.Anna Aizer:Oh yes. I grew up in New York City during the '70s and '80s, which was far more dangerous than it was today. But at that time parents had a much more hands off approach to parenting. I think I was eight years old when I started taking public transportation by myself.Scott Cunningham:Oh my gosh. There was latch key parents back then?Anna Aizer:Sure.Scott Cunningham:So you jump on the subway. Where are you going at eight years old in Manhattan?Anna Aizer:You go to school.Scott Cunningham:You're just catching the subway to go to school?Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Oh, that's so cool. I bet you had a great childhood.Anna Aizer:I have to say it was pretty good.Scott Cunningham:Oh man.Anna Aizer:I can't complain.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. I grew up in a small town in Mississippi, but it was the same kind of thing. Well, it was very different than Manhattan, but just being able to have that level of... It's all survivor bias. The other kids that are getting really neglected and abused. But those of us that made it out a lot it's like, all you have is great memories of being able to do whatever.Anna Aizer:Right. Agreed.Scott Cunningham:So you wrote this thesis. At Amherst, did everybody write a thesis? Is that real common?Anna Aizer:Most people did. I think a third of the students wrote a thesis. It was very common.Scott Cunningham:But you're gravitating towards research, though?Anna Aizer:Yeah. So it was clear that I really, really enjoyed that a lot. In fact, more recently in my economic research I have done a lot more historical work than I had done initially. So I think that training has really come in handy.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. What did you like about that project that you wrote your thesis on? What did it make-Anna Aizer:Well, it was really a lot of fun. I focused on two schools in particular. I focused on this school in Lichfield, Connecticut, and another school in Pennsylvania, a Quaker school in Westtown. I focused on those two schools because those two schools, for whatever reason, kept a lot of their records. They have really wonderful-Scott Cunningham:Oh my God. You had their records?Anna Aizer:Yeah. So you have really wonderful archives where you could just go through and read all about what they were thinking about, when they founded the schools, what the curriculum should be like. And even some of the writings of some of the students and teachers.Scott Cunningham:Oh my gosh.Anna Aizer:So it was really just a tremendous amount of fun to read all of that stuff, all that primary materials.Scott Cunningham:Oh my gosh. Wait. Did you actually have the names of the kids? Did you see their-Anna Aizer:Sure. They had all of that.Scott Cunningham:Did you have the census records and stuff?Anna Aizer:Oh, I guess you could. I mean, this was so long ago before people were doing all that cool linking, but yeah, you absolutely could.Scott Cunningham:Oh, that's so neat. I wonder where those kids ended up. What did it make you feel doing that research, that was so original and just being out there in these archives?Anna Aizer:Well, it was just amazing how much you could learn by just peeking into people's lives. It was really exciting. It was really fun. And you just felt like you were discovering something new.Scott Cunningham:Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. So you liked that. But that's interesting because some people would be like, oh, discovering something new. I don't even care about that. When you were discovering something new, you were like, I like this feeling.Anna Aizer:Yeah. Yeah. I really did.Scott Cunningham:Yeah.Anna Aizer:I really did.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. So what happened? So you graduate?Anna Aizer:I graduated. My first job was actually working for an Alternative To Incarceration program in New York City. So I moved back home. You have to remember, this was early mid '90s, and this was the peak in terms of crime rates in the country, and in New York City in particular. And the jails-Scott Cunningham:Before you say this, when you were growing up, did your parents... Was it like people were cognizant... I mean, now you know, oh, it was the peak because it's fallen so much, but what was the conversation like as a kid about crime?Anna Aizer:In the '90s in New York City at this time, that was really the crack cocaine epidemic, so there was a lot of talk about that. That really did dominate a lot of the media at the time. It really was a big concern.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Yeah.Anna Aizer:As we know, the city and the state, not just in New York, but nationally, really responded with very tough on crime approach, started incarcerating a lot of people. So much so that they were really out of space in the New York City jail. So Rikers Island was at capacity, even upstate prisons were pretty full. The city, not because they were concerned that we were putting too many people in jail, which has... After the fact we know that we did put too many people in jail, that there was a cost to these incredibly high incarceration rates.Anna Aizer:At the time, the concern was that we don't have enough space, so what are we going to do? The city funded an Alternative To Incarceration program for youth. It was called the Court Employment Project. It was really focused on kids between the ages of 16 and 21 who were charged with a felony in New York state Supreme Court. And these were kids who were being charged as adults, treated as adults in the system. New York City has since raised the age of majority, but at that time it was 16. So we were focused on really younger 16 to 21. Well then, most of the kids we were working with were 16 to 18.Scott Cunningham:What kind of felonies are we talking about? Is this the drug felonies? Or is it [inaudible 00:15:51]?Anna Aizer:Yeah. So a lot of it was possession with intent to sell, selling. But also robbery, that was pretty common as well. We were only working with kids that were facing at least six months in adult prison, essentially. That was the rule for our program. Because again, our program was really focused on trying to reduce the number of people who were being detained and incarcerated for long periods of time. So we were only dealing with people who had-Scott Cunningham:Wait, real quick. So you're in your early 20s?Anna Aizer:Yeah. So I would've been about 23.Scott Cunningham:How'd you find this gig? You were just going back to New York City? Or what was the deal?Anna Aizer:Yeah. I knew I wanted to go back home. At that time, jobs were advertised in the paper, so you looked through the help wanted ads and you just sent cover letters and resumes by mail to whatever jobs appealed to you. I was interested in those jobs. I was also interested in working with public defenders, so the Legal Aid Society in New York, I applied for a number of jobs there.Scott Cunningham:Where's this coming from? What's your values exactly at this time? You're concerned about poverty or concerned about something? What's the deal?Anna Aizer:Yeah. I think I guess I already was really worried. I was really concerned about low income kids who were really... I felt already were getting derailed at very young ages in a way that I thought would be very hard for them to recover. I think that in that sense was really confirmed when I started working that these were kids who in a split minute their lives were just totally changed. So certainly in the case of things like robberies, these were often group of kids with not much to do, just getting into trouble, and it just getting too far too quick. And before they knew it, they were facing two to six years. I mean, it was just really tragic.Scott Cunningham:Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah. I know. Six months. You think about it, too. You're looking at these six months in the program. You start looking at six months and you think, oh, that's six months. The thing is, those things cascade, because six months with a felony record serving prison becomes de facto a cycle of repeated six months, one year, two years.Anna Aizer:Sure.Scott Cunningham:You just end up... Well, that's going to be a paper that you end up writing, so I'll hold off on that. Okay. So you end up applying, you spray the city with all these resumes. And then this thing. So what is this company? This is a nonprofit?Anna Aizer:Yep. So it's a nonprofit that had a contract with the city. They had a contract with the city. Again, they were funded really because the city could not afford to put any more people on Rikers Island.Scott Cunningham:So it's like a mass incarceration response almost?Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Capacity constraints.Anna Aizer:They were at capacity, so they needed to do something. So what this program was, it was an intensive supervision program. The kids had to come in at least twice a week and meet with a counselor. The counselor would provide counseling services and also check in on them, make sure they were going to school or working or getting their GED. And then they would write up these long reports.Anna Aizer:I only worked in the courts, so I wasn't doing any of the counseling myself. I had no qualifications to do that. I worked in the courts, so my job was to screen kids for eligibility for the program, interview them, see if they were good candidates. Then talk to their families, talk to their lawyers. And then talk to the judge eventually about the program and about what we would be doing and why we thought this person was a good candidate. And then once they were in the program, I would then provide updates or reports back to the judge and the defense attorney to let them know how the individual was doing.Scott Cunningham:And wait. What is the treatment going to be that things are doing?Anna Aizer:Again, so it was really-Scott Cunningham:It's a deferment of you're going to go to jail?Anna Aizer:Yeah. That's exactly right. It was a six month program. If they made it through after six months, they would be sentenced to probation instead of jail time.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. They would refer adjudication type concept.Anna Aizer:Exactly.Scott Cunningham:Right. Yeah.Anna Aizer:Exactly. So that was the idea.Scott Cunningham:But it's non random. And I know you're not-Anna Aizer:It was, yeah.Scott Cunningham:You're not thinking about the future Anna Aizer [inaudible 00:21:17], but it's not random.Anna Aizer:No.Scott Cunningham:What is it conditioned on? Because you're doing all of it, right?Anna Aizer:Right. Right. So you look at a kid's record. You would look at whether or not the kid seem to have support. The downside was if a kid didn't make it through the program they might be sentenced to more time-Scott Cunningham:Really?Anna Aizer:than they would have... Maybe. I mean, the judge would-Scott Cunningham:Why? Because you're getting a new judge or something?Anna Aizer:No, it's the same judge. But the judges say, "Look, I'm going to give you a chance. Instead of sending you away now for six to 18, I'm going to give you an opportunity to prove yourself. Six months, stay out of trouble, complete this program. And then I'm going to send you to probation. But if you don't complete the program, I'm going to sentence you more." In the end, they might not have actually done that. They certainly didn't tie their hands in any way.Scott Cunningham:What do they doing? Why are they doing that? Why is a judge doing that? They're trying to deal with some sort of adverse selection or something? They don't want people to-Anna Aizer:They want to create an incentive for the kid to-Scott Cunningham:They're trying to create an incentive for the kid. Got it. Okay.Anna Aizer:Yeah. They-Scott Cunningham:Like a little scared straight thing?Anna Aizer:A little. I mean, the judges always think that. It's not clear that that works. I don't think that really matters so much in the decision making of young people. I think it's-Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Totally. Totally.Anna Aizer:But that certainly was on the mind I think of many of the judges.Scott Cunningham:It's funny though. When I think about this paper that we're going to talk about a little bit, it's like you're already aware of, oh, these judges have a little bit of discretion. They're saying a bunch of stuff that's not in the law. "If you don't do this, I'm going to give you penalize, I'm going to give you really bad grade at the end with another year in prison." Did that cross your mind that you were noticing that judges were... This judge does that and this other judge does not tend to do that, is that something you could have noticed?Anna Aizer:Absolutely.Scott Cunningham:Oh, wow.Anna Aizer:Yeah. So there were many, many judges. So this is Manhattan. This is the main criminal courts in Manhattan, so I had many, many judges, a lot of people. The way it works is once you've been indicted on a felony you come before one of these three judges. They're called conference judges. They try to dispose of the case. Either the case gets dismissed or they take the plea deal. But if that doesn't happen, they reach into a bin, literally a lottery-Scott Cunningham:It's like a bingo ball machine?Anna Aizer:It's a lottery with all these different judges' courtrooms. They pull out a number, and that's the number of the courtroom you get assigned to. You know right then if you get assigned to certain judges, for sure that kid is going to do jail time. And if you get assigned to other judges, for sure that kid is going to get probation.Scott Cunningham:Who knows this? The kids don't.Anna Aizer:The kids don't, but they don't know it.Scott Cunningham:They can't comprehend.Anna Aizer:But their attorney will know it.Scott Cunningham:And then maybe their parents.Anna Aizer:No, I don't think their parents would know.Scott Cunningham:Although, who in a group of kids that maybe their parents aren't as-Anna Aizer:I don't think their parents would know it, either. You would know it because you have to remember that all of the judges for the most part were either defense attorneys or prosecutors before they were judges, and you can tell. The judges who would-Scott Cunningham:Is that the main source of the discretion that you notice?Anna Aizer:I think so. I think so. I think the judges who previously prosecute-Scott Cunningham:I mean, they're such different. It does seem like the prosecutors and the defense attorneys are almost cut from a completely different worldview and set of values.Anna Aizer:I think that's right.Scott Cunningham:I had this friend that was a public defender in Athens and he was like... I think this is what he said. I'm not going to say his name because he probably didn't say this, but I thought he basically said, "I don't like prosecutors because they think they are always guilty."Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:And you could tell. The public defender, they were like, "My whole job is to not do that." I could just imagine that shaping... Either there's a lot of selection into that or that just really... You hear that all the time. There's got to be human capital with that.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I agree. I think they have a different perspective, which is what draws them to either defense work or prosecutorial work. But then you have to remember their jobs are really very different. So the prosecutor he or she is just dealing with the victims, so that's who they're talking to all day. The defense attorney is talking to the defendant and getting to know them and their families. They really just have very different sympathies. And the judges come from one or the other.Scott Cunningham:One or the other.Anna Aizer:So you can see it.Scott Cunningham:So you're a kid, you're young person. What are you feeling over the course of working with this? Tell me a little bit about your growth and the thoughts that you're thinking about.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I really felt like these were kids that just got derailed, that these were kids, they were in a very tough situation. They made a decision and they had no idea what the consequences of that were going to be. Nor should they have. They were 16. It's very hard to know where these things end up. I did feel as though the criminal justice system was way too harsh.Scott Cunningham:You could tell. Because the whole point of this nonprofit you're working on is a response to such an excessive amount of penalization. They literally don't have any room.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. They don't have any room for anybody.Anna Aizer:Yeah. They had no room. That's exactly right.Scott Cunningham:We're doing so much punishment we can't even do it right.Anna Aizer:That's exactly right. In the juvenile and criminal justice system, more generally, there's a disproportionate involvement of Black and Hispanic youth.Scott Cunningham:Yeah.Anna Aizer:But they are 100% poor.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Right.Anna Aizer:So that's the other thing. And that just seemed incredibly unfair to me.Scott Cunningham:Yeah, yeah, yeah. Right.Anna Aizer:And it's not the case that not poor kids don't also mess up. They do.Scott Cunningham:They just can avoid the 10,000... There's 10,000 events from the mess up to the things that these kids are facing in this program that they have many ways of mitigating it.Anna Aizer:Yeah. That's right.Scott Cunningham:There's even in terms of parents spending a ton of money, or just saying you can't hang out with these people. There's a bunch of stuff that poor families just are like... So you're feeling heavyhearted.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:You could have gone in a different direction. You could have not gone to graduate school or gone to get this master's. What's the decision criteria where you're thinking I've got to go in a new direction?Anna Aizer:Yeah. At a certain point I just felt as though I needed more training. I wanted more of a professional degree, so I got a degree in public health where you learned a lot about the health system and financing and the social determinants of health. I felt like I needed, again, more training. I should say, I went from that job, not directly back to graduate school, but I went and I worked in not a homeless shelter, but a service center for homeless people also in New York City. I went from the criminal justice system to the homeless system. I was there for another year. And then I went back to school.Scott Cunningham:To what, two or three years total between Amherst and graduate school?Anna Aizer:That's correct. Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Yeah.Anna Aizer:That's correct.Scott Cunningham:It's interesting you go to public health because I think a lot of people that don't know anything about anything, they'll be like, well, she's doing criminal justice so I could have seen her going to law school. Now she's going to the homeless thing. Okay, well, maybe she could do social work. What were the things you were thinking of? And how did you end up choosing public health? Because a lot of people don't associate either of those things with public health. They heard the word health.Anna Aizer:Right. So a couple things. One, I thought about law school, but I felt as though lawyers deal with the problem after it's happened.Scott Cunningham:Right.Anna Aizer:And I felt like maybe we should focus more on preventing.Scott Cunningham:Right.Anna Aizer:And the other thing, when I worked with homeless people I really did start to feel like this was a homeless individuals... Homeless families are different. I worked with homeless single adults, and for the most part in New York City at that time, all of the homeless single adults had serious mental health problems.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Right.Anna Aizer:I really came to see homelessness as a public health problem.Scott Cunningham:A mental health problem.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:They hit public health. Got it.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Right. Right.Anna Aizer:So that's really how... I could have done social work, but that's not really what I wanted to do.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. But it's funny you say preventative. To me when I hear that I'm thinking, oh, Anna's already starting to think about public policy.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I think I was.Scott Cunningham:I wouldn't necessarily think that if you were to tell me you went and got a master's in social work.Anna Aizer:Yeah. No, I think that's [inaudible 00:31:54]-Scott Cunningham:Because that cold be clinical or much more working with the... You would've had that experience and you'd be like, I want to work with these families. But that's not what you thought, so something else is going on. So you're thinking I want to do what?Anna Aizer:Yeah. I think I really was interested in policy already then.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. And that makes the masters of public health make a lot of sense.Anna Aizer:Correct. Yeah.Scott Cunningham:I see. So where'd you end up going, Harvard?Anna Aizer:I went to Harvard. Yeah. I got a masters in health policy and administration. And then I moved to DC. I worked for Mathematica policy research for two years, and I learned a lot about policy research.Scott Cunningham:Are you getting a quantitative training at the master's of public health when you went?Anna Aizer:Yeah, so that's where I really took my first micro theory class and my first statistics class. So I took biostatistics and micro theory there. And when I worked at Mathematica, I worked with a lot of economists. So most of the senior researchers at Mathematica were economists by training. That's where I really got exposure to the way economists think about, research and policy evaluation. It was then that I decided I wanted to go back and get a PhD in economics.Scott Cunningham:Okay. So what was it? What's the deal? Why do you like economics at this point?Anna Aizer:The senior researchers at Mathematica were either economists or sociologists or political scientists. I just felt like the economists had a very clear way in which they set up problems. I think that goes back to economic models of decision making.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Right.Anna Aizer:And it just struck me that that was just a very good way to conceptualize almost any problem. I also liked the way they thought about data. I think the people that I worked most closely with and came to admire were all economists. So that's how that-Scott Cunningham:And how long were you there? Were you doing public policy stuff at Mathematica?Anna Aizer:Yeah. I was doing a lot of evaluations of Medicaid programs. In particular, Medicaid managed care, moving from a different financing model for Medicaid and evaluating that, and various settings, and writing them policy briefs so that... God. It was either two or three years, I can't really remember, maybe three years. I think I was there three years and then I went back to graduate school.Scott Cunningham:And then you go to UCLA?Anna Aizer:And then I went to UCLA.Scott Cunningham:Am I right that you were working mainly with Janet Curry?Anna Aizer:Yes. So Janet Curry was my-Scott Cunningham:You worked pretty closely with her?Anna Aizer:Yeah. She was my main advisor. The other folks I worked with were Joe Huts and Jeff Grogger.Scott Cunningham:And who?Anna Aizer:Jeff Grogger.Scott Cunningham:Oh, Jeff Grogger?Anna Aizer:None of whom are there anymore.Scott Cunningham:Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Right. Right. I'm just curious. I associate you a lot with... Because I wrote that book on causal inference I'm obsessed with the causal inference stuff in all these weird ways, with all the people. I see Princeton industrial relations section, Card, Angres, et cetera. And then I see Janet Curry. And then I see you at UCLA, and I associate you so much with that methodological approach, especially for some of the papers that I've known really well. Did you get a sense when you were at UCLA, oh, this is causal inference, this is different, this is the credibility revolution? Or was it just really subtle, or this is just how you do empirical work?Anna Aizer:That's a great question. So I should also say that my first year econometrics teacher was Hero Inmans.Scott Cunningham:Was it, really?Anna Aizer:Yeah. Hero [inaudible 00:36:18] UCLA.Scott Cunningham:Oh my gosh. I didn't know that.Anna Aizer:For a short period of time. I was lucky enough that he was there when I was there. So he taught me in my first and my second years. So of course he was very much big part of this. And actually Enrico Moretti was also at UCLA when I was there, so I took courses with him. I think between Janet, Hero, Enrico and Joe Huts, they were really in the thick of it. That was the way it was done.Scott Cunningham:That was the way it was done.Anna Aizer:That was the way it was done.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. What did you learn? What do you think the salient concepts were that had you... This is a make believe, right? But I'm just saying, had you gone to a different school where you didn't have any of those people, what do you think the salient econometric causal inference kind of things were to you that you were like, oh, this is what I notice I keep doing over and over again, or keep thinking about?Anna Aizer:Well, I would say that the method was in service to the question. I feel as though I'm seeing it more these days. People, they find an experiment, a natural experiment, and then they figure out the question. That's not how I remember it. You had the question and then the method was in service to that question. I worry that that's getting a little bit lost these days, that people have the experiment and then they're searching for the question. I think that ends up being less interesting and less important.Scott Cunningham:Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah. There were certain economists, I think, that were so successful as approaching it that way. It seems like it was cut both ways, because it seems like applied causal inference grew on the back of that kind of natural experiment first, but it almost becomes... To a kid with a hammer, everything's a nail, so it's just like, look through the newspaper, look for a natural experiment. What can I do? How can I do this? How can I [handle 00:38:49]?Scott Cunningham:And it is funny. I don't think it's as satisfying too, just even emotionally. I guess you can find discoveries that way, like you were, but it does feel like you don't end up building up all the human capital with the importance of that question. It's almost like, you're like, well, how can I make this question really important? As opposed to it is important.Anna Aizer:Right.Scott Cunningham:What were you studying? I know what you were studying. At UCLA, what was the question that you were really captivated by?Anna Aizer:So I was really focused on health. You have to remember, I'd done a master's in public health and I just worked at Mathematica, so I was really focused on health. So really all of my dissertation was on health. My main dissertation chapter was actually on Medicaid in California. It was on the importance of enrolling kids early in Medicaids. I don't know if you know much about the Medicaid program, but there are many kids, 60% of kids, who are uninsured are actually eligible for the Medicaid program, but not enrolled in the Medicaid program. And that's partly because-Scott Cunningham:60%?Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Wow.Anna Aizer:We could reduce the number of kids who are uninsured in this country by more than half if you just enrolled all those kids who were eligible for Medicaid in the program.Scott Cunningham:Yeah.Anna Aizer:And part of the-Scott Cunningham:We saw that in that Oregon Medicaid experiment.Anna Aizer:Yeah. Oregon was mostly adults. I don't know how these numbers differ for adults and kids. I'm really more focused on kids. It's partly by design because Medicaid is a program. If you show up at the hospital and you don't have insurance and you're eligible for Medicaid, the hospital will enroll you. And most people know that.Scott Cunningham:Oh, is that right?Anna Aizer:Yeah. I mean, because they have every interest. They want to get paid, so they'll enroll you in the Medicaid program, but there's a cost to that. Because what that means is that kids, if parents know that once they go to the hospital their kid will be enrolled in the Medicaid program should they need hospitalization, they don't end up getting them enrolled prior to that. So they miss out on the ambulatory preventative care that might prevent them from being hospitalized to begin with. And that's partly because of the structure of the program, but that's also because the states made it difficult for kids to enroll in the Medicaid program. In California, there was a big change. The application for Medicaid used to be 20 pages long. Imagine that, right? They cut it down to four.Scott Cunningham:What kind of stuff are they asking on those 20 pages?Anna Aizer:Who knows? Who knows what they're asking.Scott Cunningham:Good grief. I mean, they're wanting them on there. Are they screening them out or are they just-Anna Aizer:I think that's partly what they were trying to do, right?Scott Cunningham:Screen them out? Because it's expensive.Anna Aizer:It's expensive.Scott Cunningham:You've got some of these legislators, they're like, this is expensive and I don't even want to do this so add a dozen pages.Anna Aizer:Yeah. So just make it hard. Now, what happened in '97 was the child health insurance program, CHIP. And they said, "If you want CHIP money..." So that's federal money to ensure more kids. "If you want CHIP money, federal money, you are going to have to enroll more kids in the Medicaid program. You have to do outreach." So the states actually were forced, and that's actually what prompted California to go from a 20 page application to a four page application. They also spent about $20 million on advertisement and basically training community based organizations in how to complete a Medicaid application. So they train them. "Here, you can help your clients enroll in Medicaid. For every application that you help that ends up getting onto the Medicaid program we'll give you 50 bucks." And this really mattered. A lot of kids started enrolling in the Medicaid program who otherwise wouldn't, particularly Hispanic and Asian American kids.Scott Cunningham:Is this what your dissertation ends up being about?Anna Aizer:This is what my dissertation is about.Scott Cunningham:On both the shortening and the payment?Anna Aizer:So it was basically once they started doing this you started seeing big increases in the number of kids who were enrolled in the Medicaid program. And you saw declines in hospitalizations for things like asthma. Asthma is a condition for which if you're being seen and treated on an ambulatory basis, you shouldn't end up in the hospital.Scott Cunningham:Oh. Wait. So what's your control group and all this stuff?Anna Aizer:What the state did was they targeted different areas, and provided training to those community based organizations in how to complete a Medicaid application. So they gave me all that data.Scott Cunningham:Get out of here.Anna Aizer:So I had all the data.Scott Cunningham:So you're doing some IB thing? You're doing some-Anna Aizer:Yeah. It was, basically if you live in a neighborhood where a community based organization had already been trained then you were much more likely to be enrolled in the Medicaid program. So you can see that.Scott Cunningham:Oh my gosh. This is so cool. Were you excited when you found that?Anna Aizer:I was super excited.Scott Cunningham:I bet.Anna Aizer:I was super excited. This was so old. I was begging Medicaid to send me this data. Begging, begging, begging. And they weren't really answering. And then one day Janet came in to the office where all the graduate students sit, and she said, "I think I got this fax for you." She handed this 20 page fax that has all the data on what community organization got trained and when.Scott Cunningham:Okay. Anna, I want to ask a meta question real quick. You just said, these days people maybe start with natural experiment first, but originally it was question first. Okay. Not devil's advocate, but just a statement of facts. The one reason they may do that is because when you find these kinds of natural experiments or whatever, it almost just feels almost itself random. You're weren't even really looking for it. You read something in the newspaper, you're like, oh my gosh, they're doing this weird thing. And the risk of going question first is, you could have this incredibly important question, like the Medicaid project payment thing, and you're like, if everybody in my department, like Hero Inmans and Moretti and Curry, who are to answer a question either subtly or not so subtly, or to answer a question is going to require this credible design and we really need you to staple this dissertation together. You're going to have to have a-Anna Aizer:I think that's why you have lots-Scott Cunningham:It seems really risky. It seems really risky.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I think you have to have lots of ideas.Scott Cunningham:You have to have lots of ideas.Anna Aizer:I think you have lots of ideas. A good friend of mine in graduate school was Enrico Moretti's RA. He told me that Enrico had tons of ideas. Wes, this was my friend, his RA, would just do some really quick takes on all of these ideas. And if there was something there he'd pursue it. But if there was nothing there he'd drop it.Scott Cunningham:What does that mean, nothing there, something there? What does that mean?Anna Aizer:Either, if you can't find exaggerate variation or the exaggerate variation doesn't actually work, you don't have the first stage, he'd just drop it and move on to something else.Scott Cunningham:That's a skill. That's almost some therapeutic skill to be excited about something and willing to let it go.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I think that's right. I think that's actually-Scott Cunningham:You got a lot of ideas?Anna Aizer:I had a lot of ideas. It never worked out.Scott Cunningham:Never worked out. And that's normal.Anna Aizer:I think that's normal.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. That's not a bad thing.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I think that's how research should go. In fact, I'm not as good as Enrico, I probably hold on to things for longer than I should.Scott Cunningham:Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Boy, where'd you end up publishing that work? I should know this, but I don't know.Anna Aizer:That published in Restat Review Economics Institute.Scott Cunningham:Oh, cool. So what'd you end up finding?Anna Aizer:So what I end up finding is if you pay these organizations to enroll... Well, a couple things. Advertisement, just blanketing the television and radio with information. Sign up for Medicaid, sign up for CHIP, that does not work at all.Scott Cunningham:Doesn't work?Anna Aizer:No.Scott Cunningham:Advertising doesn't work?Anna Aizer:It doesn't work. What works is having these communities organizations help families complete the application. That's incredibly important.Scott Cunningham:That's a supply demand kind of philosophy that you see in drugs, too. Mark Anderson has this paper on meth. They would post these advertisements of people that were addicted to meth. They look horrible. They lose their teeth and all this stuff. It didn't do anything.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Maybe I'm wrong, but it seems like you're talking about a group of people. They're like, they need more assistance. They need somebody... You think about that thing you were saying earlier about these kids that are higher income versus lower income. When I said there were 10,000 steps that the higher income people had, it wasn't really like the kids, it was external forces that were investing, going after them.Anna Aizer:Yeah. Right.Scott Cunningham:It seems like incentives need to be targeted to people to go after. For whatever reason it is not enough to just simply have it. You need people going in and helping along the way.Anna Aizer:Right. Agreed. I agree. They need support.Scott Cunningham:They need support.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:Okay. So that is amazing. I bet your advisors were so proud of you for that project.Anna Aizer:I don't know.Scott Cunningham:I think so.Anna Aizer:You'd hope so, but that'll be icing on the cake.Scott Cunningham:Right. Exactly. Yeah. I guess that's not super important.Anna Aizer:Yeah, it is. You do always want your advisor... I mean, I had tremendous respect for all my advisors. So yeah, I'd be very pleased if they liked the work that I did. Basically, states did spend this money to enroll kids early, but it paid off because it meant that they were less likely to be hospitalized. In fact, some of these programs can be very much cost effective.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Yeah. I had told myself, I was like, well, I'm asking Anna about the juvenile incarceration paper with Joe Doyle. And then I was going to ask her about domestic violence. And I feel like I've got to make a hard choice now, because I don't have a lot of time. So I was thinking, well, let's see how this goes. And then we can fit. So domestic violence. First thing I want to ask is, how did you get interested in that topic? And when did it start? In a way I could almost imagine, oh, you've been thinking about domestic violence forever.Anna Aizer:Yes. So I actually-Scott Cunningham:You've been thinking about women ever since college.Anna Aizer:Yeah. That's true. And made that connection. This was basically my first big project after I started at Brown. After my dissertation I was thinking, okay, what's my next big project going to be? And I think that's a very important decision for junior faculty to think about. After you finish publishing your dissertation you got to think about what's my next big project? Because it takes so long to publish anything in economics, that's really going to matter a lot. That might be the only thing you publish before you're coming up for tenure given how long.Anna Aizer:I was thinking about it, and I just felt like I didn't have a clear question in mind, but just been looking at the numbers it's incredibly prevalent, domestic violence. But it's also shown some pretty encouraging trends. Domestic violence against women has been declining pretty significantly. In the US, I think about... I haven't looked the number up recently, but it was about 1,000 women a year were being killed, and so many more actually are victims of domestic violence. And if you look at victimization surveys, between one and three and one in four women in the US report ever being the victim of domestic violence. It's really prevalent. And it just struck me, this is a big problem and I don't know how to answer it, but we should know more about it given just how prevalent it is. And so that's how I started.Anna Aizer:I have a good friend from high school, and she's a lawyer in New York City. She was working with victims of domestic violence. She's a lawyer by training. She used to say, "These women have nothing. They have no resources. They are so poor." That, to me, just made me think about, okay, I need to start thinking about income and resources and poverty and domestic violence, because clearly that's a big part of this.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Yeah. It's so funny. I feel like you and I ended up responding to the bargaining theory papers in the exact same way. That's when I was studying a lot of my stuff on couples and things and bad behavior on the part of the men, I was always thinking about sex ratios in the marriage market. Why I was thinking about that was the ability to exit the partnership could be really, really important. And I was curious. You can talk about people not having resources and not necessarily be thinking in terms of one of these Nash bargaining, like Manser and Brown, and McElroy and Horn, and Shelly Lundberg kinds of ways of thinking. I was curious, were you thinking about those theory papers a lot? Or am I just projecting?Anna Aizer:I had this friend, again, who was working and telling me just how poor many of the women she was working with were. And then once you actually look at the statistics, the survey statistics, it's true that any woman can be a victim of domestic violence, but it is really a poor woman problem. So it's very clear to me that poverty has a lot to do with it. It's because many of these women have no other source of support. They have low levels was in schooling. They have few prospects in the labor market. And they're really stuck. That is ultimately-Scott Cunningham:Stuck as in cannot leave.Anna Aizer:Cannot leave. I mean, they have a very-Scott Cunningham:Because that's the solution. That's one of the most important solutions, which is probably you need to leave the relationship.Anna Aizer:Yeah. Or you need to be able to threaten to leave.Scott Cunningham:You need to be able to threaten to leave. How important do you think the credible threat is? Because my sense is, that's to an economist, because they're like, you should thinking about unions and stuff. They're like, oh, credible threats. That's all you got to, you have to do it. I feel like, I don't know if that really works. I actually think the truth is you're going to have to leave. And maybe there's some marginal guy. We're talking about the marginal guy, but whatever, that's the info marginal, whatever. The extensive marginal guy, he's got narcissism personality disorder, substance abuse problems.Anna Aizer:Yeah. You may be right.Scott Cunningham:He's got major, major problems. And that stuff is very inelastic to everything.Anna Aizer:Yeah. You may be right. I can't answer this because I don't know for sure. At the same time I remember talking to some folks about this, and their feeling was that it's all a continuum of a bad relationship. Violence may be one extreme, but relationships have ebbs and flows. They can be better at some points and worse at others. So they did feel as though a relationship didn't always have to be violent, that you could have relationships that were violent at one point but then were no longer. Of course, you also have relationships in which that's not the case, and the only solution is to leave. But there could very well be relationships where you can have better and worse periods.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. The reason why I bring it up is because I feel like these days you hear a lot about mental health. Well, you hear about mental health period, but in domestic violence there'll be also an emerging story of the narcissist personality disorder. I've been always lately thinking, I've been like, I wonder if this is true. Anecdotally, what you see a lot is how manipulative... And that's like a very judgemental way of putting it, but I don't know how else to say it. How manipulative one of the person can be towards the other where they're like, "Well, if you loved me..." They get all this trepped up stories about love. What love becoming almost this story.Scott Cunningham:I've wondered for those people that can't or won't... It's actually won't, right? They can leave. I mean, there are some people they will be literally harmed if they leave, so I'm not talking about those people. But I mean, the person that literally you're watching an equilibrium where they don't leave, I've wondered lately if it's like, the victim is all tangled up with loyalty and love.Anna Aizer:Yeah. Sure.Scott Cunningham:And it is taken advantage of by a person that no one can tell them not to love this person. That's nobody's business.Anna Aizer:Yeah. Yeah. I mean, it is a really complicated thing.Scott Cunningham:It is so complicated. It is so complicated. Finding the policies that provide resources to a person. Some of that might be a person that's at those earlier ebbs too, those earlier ebbs in the bad relationship. And you're like, well, some people may not be ready to leave yet.Anna Aizer:I mean, this a thing where I do think the right policy response is providing resources to women, but also probably interventions aimed at the assailant is probably going to be just as effective. Sorry. My phone is ringing.Scott Cunningham:That's okay.Anna Aizer:Hello. Sorry about that. I thought it might be my kids.Scott Cunningham:I wonder about these battery courts. Have you heard about these [inaudible 01:00:05] courts?Anna Aizer:Yeah. I mean, they're-Scott Cunningham:I wonder what you know about those?Anna Aizer:Yeah. Not a lot, I would say.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. These issues of poverty and mental health and all of these things interacting in order to get healing and healthy meaningful lives to all everyone is... I do think this is something that economists can offer, but it's not something that... I wouldn't say there's a ton of people. You're one of a small number of people working on domestic violence, it seems like.Anna Aizer:It's a very hard thing to study. Data's very difficult to come by for obvious reasons, for a good reason. I mean, this is data that needs to be protected. Glenn Ludwig and the crime lab in Chicago, they're doing work around violence reduction more generally. And probably many of those principles and findings probably relate to domestic violence as well, changing the behavior of young people so that they are less quick to react and less quick to react in a violent way. When they do, we would probably have some pretty important spillover to domestic violence as well, I think.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Yeah, yeah.Anna Aizer:I think there are ways to reduce violence more generally that would probably apply to the setting of domestic violence.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. It's funny, circling back to that judge who threatens with higher penalties. I think economists, when they think about violence and things like that, you're an exception for thinking about outside options and stuff like that, but the shadow of Gary Becker's deterrence hypothesis, it can just be this straight jacket for a lot of people, because they just only think in terms of relative price changes on the punishment margins. When you talk to psychologists, or you read that psychology literature about narcissism or borderline personality disorder or substance abuse, you're talking about a group of people that are, for variety of reasons, have really low discount rates or just have beliefs that things don't apply to them. Or in no uncertain terms, the elasticities of violent behavior with respect to some unknown punishment that you don't even know if it's going to real, it just seems like, we don't really know, but [inaudible 01:03:06] really big.Anna Aizer:Yeah. So there was this criminologist named Mark Kleiman. Do you know that name?Scott Cunningham:Oh yeah. Mark Kleiman. Yeah. Yeah.Anna Aizer:I mean his big thing was, it should be swift, sure and short. That's how we should do punishment. He felt as though that would be far preferable to the system in which there's uncertainty. But if it doesn't work out, you're going to spend a lot of time in jail. He thought that was a fair model.Scott Cunningham:The thing is, though, swift certain and did you say short?Anna Aizer:Short.Scott Cunningham:Yeah. Well, with prison sentences lingering on your record it is by definition never short.Anna Aizer:Yeah.Scott Cunningham:You face these labor market scarrings and you can't get housing, you can't get jobs and that does not go away. So even if the prison sentence is short, the person... I just feel like this is the tension around violence in the country, which is punishment has so many margins where it is permanent. It's got so many margins. And just being in a cage is only one of them.Anna Aizer:Yeah. I mean, particularly for young people, jail is incredibly scarring.Scott Cunningham:Incredibly scarring. Incredibly scarring. We've been studying suicide attempts in the jail and we-Anna Aizer:Yes, that's right.Scott Cunningham:We walked the jail for this one particular jail. I have never in my life seen anything like that. I've been working on this project for four years. I hadn't walked to the jail. I don't know. It's not the first thing that came to my mind. The team finally walked the jail. I spent the whole day there. The jails have so much mental illness in it. They just are in... It's not even cages. A cage has... Air gets in. It's a sealed box. It's like Houdini's box. They stay there, and for a variety of regulatory reasons and so forth, they stay in there. Can't have a lot of materials if they are at risk. If they've come in with psychosis because of substance abuse or underlying mental illness stuff, they might get moved into certain types of physical quarters. I just can't even imagine, just in an hour, let alone... And that's just jail. That's not even prison. It's just absolutely a trauma box.Scott Cunningham:Unfortunately, we didn't get to talk about your paper with Joe Doyle on the juvenile incarceration. But every time I teach that juvenile incarceration paper, where kids were incarcerated as a young person, and then end up not going back. It's not even the future prison part, it's the not going back to high school.Anna Aizer:Oh, of course.Scott Cunningham:And then when they go back, they're labeled with a behavioral emotional disorder. It's really like anybody that's had any exposure to a kid involved in corrections, you're like, oh, I know exactly what that is. They were traumatized. You don't even have to come up with some exotic economic theory. They were traumatized. That's why they come back to school with a behavioral emotional disorder. It is [inaudible 01:06:59].Anna Aizer:Yep. That's good.Scott Cunningham:That paper is one of the most important papers I have personally ever read. I teach it nonstop. And I've even cried teaching it in class. I get so emotional when I get to that part, because, I don't know about you, but it seems like it's really hard not to come away with... A lot of papers you read, you're like, well, we're not really sure exactly all to make of it. But when I read that paper that you wrote, I just think, especially when you think about the leniency design, I just think these kids probably didn't need to go to prison.Anna Aizer:Oh yeah.Scott Cunningham:Honestly, what else are you going to say? They end up committing more crimes. And they are not going back to school. How was this the policy goal? What was it like writing that paper when you started to realize what was going on?Anna Aizer:Again, when I worked in this Alternative to Incarceration program we had kids come into the program who had spent some time in jail. And we had kids who had spent very little time, maybe just a night. The kids who had spent even just three weeks in jail, they always did worse in the program. Always. It was a known fact. The program knew it. And the question was, well, are these kids somehow different? There was a reason why they were in jail and these other kids weren't. Is that why they do worse in the program? Maybe they're in jail because their family didn't show up for them in court. They couldn't make bail.Anna Aizer:Or was it something about spending three weeks in jail that just made it impossible for them to complete the program? This was a big question that was on everybody's mind. We talked about this quite a bit at the program, and we didn't know the answer. When I finally figured out how to do it, working with Joe, I wanted to know the answer to a question that I had been thinking about for over a decade.Scott Cunningham:Gosh. Were you emotionally upset when you started to see coefficients get really big?Anna Aizer:It really was not surprising. It really wasn't, because these are kids who are only marginally attached to school. These are not the kids who were going to school, doing well in school. These are kids who were not really that attached to school for whatever reason. So you take them out even for a month, they're not going to go back. I mean, it's obvious. We saw that in the program. What they ended up doing was moving a lot of kids from school to GED because they had not been involved in school, they were not involved in school. It just was much more likely that they would be able to complete a GED than actually go back to high school and finish.Scott Cunningham:Your paper, it like hit home for personal reasons. We had an event happen. I wrote a professor. I was like, this thing had happened. Anna and Joe find this result. I feel hopeless. There's this kid in town and I raised money for him. Basically, I was like, you just got to do everything in your power to not let them spend an extra minute in jail. And all this scared straight stuff. Parents get into it, too. They're exhausted. They're like, "Well, he's got to learn his lesson." Nobody learns a damn thing in jail. They don't learn a lesson. Because y

In the 1980s, Bruno Manser was a Swiss activist who moved to Borneo to live amongst the indigenous Penan. He assimilated into the tribe, helping them fight against logging companies encroaching on their land. He returned to Switzerland and, for many years, tried to bring attention to the Penan cause. In 2000, he returned to the jungle and was never seen again. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Today I am excited to have my new friend Darren Manser the podcast where he joins me to talk about mindset and values. Darren is super passionate about family, life and helping people to be their bests. Darren has been a Naturopath, Kinesiologist and acupuncturist for the past 25 years and loves helping people that haven't been able to find solutions anywhere else. Darren loves helping people to understand what stress responses are and how to navigate their way through their lives. This is an amazing episode and I hope you enjoy it!  Darren can be found on instagram @ darrenmanser. and as always I can be found @ conniebegonnie --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/thefitfarmingfoodmom/support

Tracy Manser is a British TV Production Executive based in Los Angeles. https://twitter.com/ladytracym?lang=en (@LadyTracyM) To learn more about Tracy and connect with her as a coach, please check out her website: https://www.tracymanser.com/-speaking (https://www.tracymanser.com/-speaking) I'm an Emmy and BAFTA award-nominated British TV Producer turned Confidence Coach, NLP and CBT practitioner, and creator of "The Daily Five" system. Sounds impressive, right?  I promise you, it wasn't always that way.  I spent 15 years hiding from life, suffering from extremely low self-confidence and self-doubt, having debilitating panic attacks almost daily, binge eating to fill the void, and feeling like I simply wasn't able to live the life I had always wanted.  But, after an extraordinary year-long journey of self-discovery, lots of laughter, and a few crazy challenges along the way, everything changed. I would love for you to read my soul baby memoir, https://www.carlyisrael.com/seconds-inches-a-memoir (Seconds & Inches.) It is available on https://www.amazon.com/Seconds-Inches-Carly-Israel/dp/1938841115/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=&sr= (Amazon )as an audiobook with me narrating, a paperback, or digital. If you love this podcast: subscribe-rate-review & share with your people. xoxo I would love to have you as a guest. If you're ready to step up to the virtual microphone, please fill out a form at https://www.carlyisrael.com/must-love-self (CarlyIsrael.com )and join the movement.

Imagine being newly matriculated and going on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Antarctica with world-renowned global explorer, Riaan Manser? For five matrics, this will become a reality in January. The 'Matrics in Antarctica' competition provided every single matric student in South Africa with the chance to enter to become one of the five lucky matriculants to go on a five-day scientific adventure to Antarctica. On entry, participants had to answer the question: “What will exploration of the Antarctic continent do to help us preserve a greener, more sustainable existence on our planet?” The study tour will be led by Manser and a distinguished team of professors from the University of Stellenbosch. Manser joins Brent Lindeque to talk about the exciting programme, what the participants can look forward to and how to apply next year. Website

Our guest for this episode is Tracy Manser. Tracey is a certified Life Coach, NLP, and CBT practitioner. Tracy is also an Emmy and BAFTA-nominated British TV Production Executive. For over 15 years Tracy suffered from life-draining panic attacks caused by a horrific sexual assault; Tracy was raped by two men repeatedly a week before her 24th birthday. In this interview, Shane and Tracy bravely talk of the impact of sexual assault, the long-term damage if left unaddressed, and how to not be tied to your tragic past and move forward with life confidently. Her healing journey started a week before her 40th birthday after a friend suggested doing something special to celebrate. It was the start of an incredible, year-long journey. She did all the amazing things that she told herself she would do one day. Learned to chop like a chef, spent a day at the Louvre in Paris, rode rollercoasters, and even learned to do flying trapeze. All for the sake of healing and most of all to get that grip of anxiety out of her life. Now Tracey is helping other people with their journey as a Confidence Coach, equipped with her life-long experience and victory over depression and anxiety. Connect with Tracy Website: https://tracymanser.com/ Instagram: @ladytracym Facebook: https://web.facebook.com/ladytracym _______________________________________________________________________ About Carpe Diem Living The Podcast: Join us at our Facebook Group for exclusive content and offers from our amazing guests: https://web.facebook.com/groups/757818811652761 Follow me on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/carpediemlivingpodcast/ https://www.instagram.com/shanegitmed/ Listen to all episodes: https://linktr.ee/carpediemlivingpodcast --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/carpediemliving/support