Podcast appearances and mentions of sean mcfate

On this episode of the Adventure Capitalist, Cody and Austin dive into the next five potential global conflicts that could reshape the world. Featuring expert insights from Dr. Sean McFate and Ray Powell, they unpack the escalating tensions in the Middle East, Africa's volatile Sahel region, and the Indo-Pacific's strategic flashpoints. Dr. McFate breaks down Iran-Israel dynamics, Syria's fallout, and the Sahel's brewing crises, while Ray Powell reveals China's aggressive moves in the South China Sea, the Philippines' struggle, and Taiwan's precarious future. Learn how Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Thailand are navigating this high-stakes geopolitical chessboard. From U.S. strategic missteps to China's bold tactics, this episode is a must-watch for understanding global security in 2025. Chapters: 00:00 - Intro 01:15 - Cody on break 05:19 - 50 Mile walk update 06:43 - Turning point of the world 13:31 - Welcome back Dr. Sean McFate! 14:05 - The Middle East 23:23 - Landmines to avoid 27:48 - What happened in Syria? 29:20 - What is the Sahel block? 39:11 - Conflict and context 42:20 - Conflict in Africa 45:44 - Consequences of the US pulling back 50:22 - Thanks Dr. Sean McFate! 51:54 - Coming up next: Asia 53:00 - Welcome Ray Powell! 52:36 - Why should we care about the Indo-Pacific? 56:30 - What is going on in Taiwan? 59:04 - China's Strategy 01:06:06 - Red Lining 01:08:09 - Freedom of navigation 01:11:02 - Conflict starters 01:15:56 - US losing ground 01:19:26 - Mistakes President Xi is making 01:22:28 - US relations in East Asia 01:27:12 - What happened in South Korea? 01:34:20 - How would China "Hong Kong" Taiwan? 01:38:45 - Thank you Ray Powell! 01:39:42 - Recap 01:44:37 - Outro Watch this episode on YouTube: https://youtu.be/90CZpXYpUuc Follow us on X: Austin - https://x.com/a_brawn Cody - https://x.com/CodyShirk

The Cognitive Crucible is a forum that presents different perspectives and emerging thought leadership related to the information environment. The opinions expressed by guests are their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of or endorsement by the Information Professionals Association. During this episode, JD Maddox discusses new influence opportunities borne out of necessity. JD suggests that listeners consider radical-sounding concepts for, such as letters of marque, indemnification, task-based organization, public-private operations, and new authorities as viable influence pathways for today's strategic landscape. Recording Date: 31 Mar 2025 Resources: Cognitive Crucible Podcast Episodes Mentioned or Related #110 Sean McFate on The New Rules of War #220 Tom Kent on US International Broadcasting and Soft Power Lord's Resistance Army (Central Africa) The Kherson Ruse: Ukraine and the Art of Military Deception Letters of Marque US Agency for Global Media Link to full show notes and resources Guest Bio: J.D. Maddox is an expert in political warfare, and an academic, writer and former political candidate. He has served as a Central Intelligence Agency branch chief, deputy coordinator of the U.S. Global Engagement Center, advisor to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and as a U.S. Army Psychological Operations team leader. He is the founder of Inventive Insights LLC, and the Vice President of Technology and Innovation at Deft9 Solutions, and currently consults on Operations in the Information Environment to government organizations, and consults to commercial and political organizations on strategic communications. He's an adjunct professor of national security studies at George Mason University's Schar School, teaching Disinformation and Policy Responses, and he's an adjunct professor at Tulane University, where he teaches Open Source Information Analysis. He also recently initiated "Tab D," a biweekly report highlighting U.S. adversaries' narrative vulnerabilities. About: The Information Professionals Association (IPA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to exploring the role of information activities, such as influence and cognitive security, within the national security sector and helping to bridge the divide between operations and research. Its goal is to increase interdisciplinary collaboration between scholars and practitioners and policymakers with an interest in this domain. For more information, please contact us at communications@information-professionals.org. Or, connect directly with The Cognitive Crucible podcast host, John Bicknell, on LinkedIn. Disclosure: As an Amazon Associate, 1) IPA earns from qualifying purchases, 2) IPA gets commissions for purchases made through links in this post.

If Americans are drawn into major armed conflict, can we win? The answer is unclear. The US Military hasn't won a war since the 1940s and seems blind to the changes happening all around them. The age of the aircraft carrier and fighter jet is over, but its proponents in Washington won't give it up. Instead, they are hell-bent on pursuing failed strategies no longer relevant in a world of drones, mercenaries, and shadow wars. In this episode, we interview Professor Sean McFate, author of "The New Rules of War" and discuss how the US can prepare for the future of warfare. We discuss the rise of mercenary armies, what Israel is doing right (and wrong), how America can win against Russia and China, and Biden's reckless escalation of the war in Ukraine.   Chapters: 00:00 - Intro 00:42 - Prelude 03:04 - Welcome Dr. Sean McFate 03:56 - How opera & war go hand-in-hand 06:44 - The misconceptions of General Stanley McChrystal 09:32 - How Billy Mitchell predicted Pearl Harbor 15 years before it happened 13:36 - The concept of "Durable Disorder" 20:05 - Why did Biden escalate the conflict in Ukraine? 23:52 - Dealing with current hostile regimes 27:57 - The new rules of modern warfare 32:33 - How should we use our assets in war? 37:57 - Why the US should start dumpster fires instead of wars 40:50 - Are mercenaries the way of the future? 45:29 - Will the US hire mercenaries instead of using their soldiers? 48:51 - Should we send mercenaries to Mexico? 50:48 - What is Israel doing right & wrong? 57:23 - How is China currently waging war against the US 01:02:40 - Thoughts on Pete Hegseth as Sec Def 01:05:54 - Will China invade Taiwan? 01:12:29 - Outro   Watch this on YouTube:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G38mpciBmxU Follow us on X: Austin - https://x.com/a_brawn Cody - https://x.com/CodyShirk

Welcome to One CA Podcast.  As we go into the holidays, the One CA brings on the show's founder, John McElligott, to talk with Brian Hancock and Jack Gaines about the show's beginnings, current updates and goals for the future. So, stay tuned.  --- One CA is a product of the civil affairs association  and brings in people who are current or former military, diplomats, development officers, and field agents to discuss their experiences on the ground with a partner nation's people and leadership. We aim to inspire anyone interested in working in the "last three feet" of U.S. foreign relations.  To contact the show, email us at CApodcasting@gmail.com  or look us up on the Civil Affairs Association website at https://www.civilaffairsassoc.org/podcast --- Episode list: Past Episodes: 202 Andrew Gonzalez on Marine Civil Affairs in the Pacific (Part II)  201 Andrew Gonzalez on Marine Civil Affairs in the Pacific (Part I)  200 Jörg Grössl on the NATO Civil-Military Cooperation Centre of Excellence  199 Jeffrey Fiddler and the U.S. Gaza Relief Mission  198 David Luna, State-sponsored criminality in strategic competition  197 Scott Mann "Nobody is Coming to Save You"  196 Jeffrey Fiddler on the DOD response to COVID 19  195 Cleo Paskal on PRC operations in Guam  194 Doug Stevens on faith-based diplomacy  193 Patrick Alley on Global Influence (Part II)  192 Patrick Alley on Global Influence (Part I)  191 Drew Biemer on Energy Sector Civil Affairs  190 Pavlo Kuktha on Ukraine Reconstruction  189 Phillip Smith in discussion with Brian Hancock  188 Part II, Mickey Bergman on Diplomacy in the Shadows  187 Part I, Mickey Bergman on Diplomacy in the Shadows  186 Major Gustavo Ferreira testifies at the U.S. China Economic and Security Review Commission.  185 Scott Mann, Life After Afghanistan  184 Megan O'Keefe-Schlesinger on Information Operations. Part II.  183 Megan O'Keefe-Schlesinger. Leading Information Operations and Influence. Part I  182 Natacha Ciezki, from Zaire to America  181 Proxy Wars, by Pawel Bernat, Juneyt Gurer, and Cyprian Kozera  180 Sandor Fabian: Europe is Learning the wrong lessons from the conflict in Ukraine  179 Civil Affairs Innovation with Colonel Brad Hughes, part II  178 Civil Affairs Innovation with Colonel Brad Hughes, part I  177 Patrick Passewitz on the Sicilian Model  176 Part II, interview with J. David Thompson  175 Part I interview with J. David Thompson  174 Direct Commissions with Heater Cotter  173 Achieving post conflict stabilization with Prof. Beatrice Heuser (Pt.2)  172 Achieving post conflict stabilization with Prof. Beatrice Heuser (Pt.1)  171 Civil Military What?  170 Combat First Aid in Ukraine by Michael Baker  169 Part II, Bas Wouters on Influence and Persuasion  168 Part I, Bas Wouters on Influence and Persuasion  167 Electronic Warfare with Michael Gudmundson  166 On Alexei Navalny and Political Dissent  165 Part II of the Courtney Mulhern and Dan Joseph interview  164 Part I, Courtney Mulhern and Dan Joseph on the book "Backpack to Rucksack"  163 Sam Cooper on China political and Economic Warfare  162 Rob Boudreau and Joel Searls  161 Curtis Fox, Part II on Russian Hybrid Warfare  160 Curtis Fox: Part I, Russian Hybrid Warfare  159 Albert Augustine and V Corps CA  158 Introducing the 1st CAG Human Dimension Podcast  157 Part II Robert Curris on Psychological Operations integration with CA and SOF  156 Part I, Robert Curris on Psychological Operations integration with CA and SOF  155 Gen (R) David Petraeus at Carnegie  154 Angie Smith, Environmental Science and Foreign Policy  153 One CA Classic. John visits AUSA  152 Dan Blumenthal and Fred Kagan  151 Dan Blumenthal and Fred Kagan  150 The WestPoint Center for the Study of Civil-Military Operations  149 Part II. Tony Vacha on Civil Affairs in Europe and Africa  148 Part I.Tony Vacha on Civil Affairs in Europe and Africa  147 Jack's first year hosting the One CA Podcast  146 Jess Langerud talks on medical diplomacy in Poland  145 Courtney Mulhern. Three tools to improve local public outreach  144 Garric Banfield on the 95th Civil Affairs Brigade  143 Richard Messick. Advising partner nations on Rule of Law and anti-corruption  142 Scott DeJesse and the new Monuments Men and Women  141 Paul Hutchinson on the film ”Sound of Freedom” and human trafficking  140 Brian Hancock interview Col. Rachael Sherrer discuss Army Europe and Africa  139 John Cassara on China's Criminal Economy  138 Part II. Joseph Long on relational leadership and military diplomacy  137 Part I. Joseph Long on relational leadership and military diplomacy  136 Joe Pastorek and the 95th CA Advanced Skills Detachment  135 Jack Gaines interview with Global Integrity  134 Calvin Chrustie on conflict and hostage negotiation  133 Part II: Afghan resettlement in the U.S.  132 Part I: Afghan resettlement in the U.S.  131 Climate and Security  130 Chris Hyslop on human rights and diplomacy  129 Special Episode: Digital Civil Reconnaissance with Carrick Longley and Stephen Hunnewell  128 128 Josh Bedingfield on Shadow Governments Part II  127 Josh Bedingfield on Shadow Governments, Part I  126 Juan Quiroz on CA leading in Competition  125 Chris Hyslop: The Peace Corps  124 Special episode. Jordan Harbinger interviews H.R. McMaster on his book ”Battlegrounds”  123 Part II 38G: Agriculture and foreign policy  122 Part I 38G: Agriculture and foreign policy  121 Korea Reunification by David Maxwell  120 Special episode. IWP: The Columbia Plan  119 Discussing the USMC, 31st MEU CA Marines  118 Part II. Integrating Civil Affairs, field operations and diplomacy, by former Under-Secretary, Michael Patrick Mulroy  117 Part I. former DASD, Michael Patrick Mulroy on Integrating Civil Affairs, field operations and diplomacy  116 Assad Raza talk-back on the Frank Sobchak interview  115 Frank Sobchak on advising and training partner nation forces  114 Special Episode from the IW Podcast: Slow Burn: How Security Cooperation shapes operational environments  113 Jodi Harman and the HillVets Foundation  112 David Maxwell on grand strategy  111 Civil Affairs and Security Cooperation with Chris Stockel  110 CSM Riccio Christmas Day Concert  109 John Hutcheson on Hiring our Heroes  108 Advertisement for the CSM Riccio holiday concert  107 Operation Joint Endeavor  106 Special episode: John McElligott passes the mic  105 Major John Burns on Ghost Team at NTC  104 Stanislava Mladenova on Civ-Mil Relationships in Low-Intensity Conflict and State Fragility  103 Benjamin Ordiway and Anthony Pfaff  102 Nick Krohley and Lt Col Stefan Muehlich on Doctrinal Comparison, Part 2  101 Nick Krohley and Lt Col Stefan Muehlich on Doctrinal Comparison, Part 1  100 Episode 100 of the One CA Podcast  99 Theater Information Advantage Element 98 Brig Gen Chris Dziubek of the 351st CACOM  97 Mark Delaney on Civil Affairs Skills for Post Military Life  96 Colonel Marco Bongioanni on Emergency Preparedness Liaison Officers  95 Maj Gen Jeff Coggin of USACAPOC(A)  94 Operation Allies Refuge: Lessons on Interagency and Multinational Collaboration  93 Vish Odedra on COVID-19 Vaccinations in the UK  92 LTC Greg Banner on Training for Unconventional Warfare  91 Chris Bryant on Social Media for CA  90 CA Issue Papers 2021 - Part 3  89 CA Issue Papers 2021 - Part 2  88 CA Issue Papers 2021 - Part 1  87 USACAPOC(A) Command Strategic Initiatives  86 Civil Affairs Interagency Panel - Part 2  85 Civil Affairs Interagency Panel - Part 1  84 Zach Hyleman and Kevin Chapla on FAO and CA  83 Civil Affairs in Regional Competition for Influence - Part 2  82 Civil Affairs in Regional Competition for Influence - Part 1  81 SFC Josh Spiers on San Pedro Sula, Honduras  80 Major Lauren Holl on San Pedro Sula, Honduras  79 Josh Bedingfield on Human Network Analysis  78 Lieutenant General Eric Wesley on Civil Competition - Part 2  77 Lieutenant General Eric Wesley on Civil Competition - Part 1  76 Maj Gen Hugh Van Roosen on a Career in SF, CA, and PSYOP  75 Brig. Gen. Jeffrey Coggin of USACAPOC(A)  74 Colonel Mattia Zuzzi of the Multinational CIMIC Group  73 Jonathan Papoulidis on Country Coordination Platforms  72 Colonel Frank van Boxmeer of NATO CCOE  71 LTC Matthias Wasinger of the Austrian Armed Forces  70 Request for Capabilities Brief Guests and Show Hosts  69 Lt Col Jahn Olson and Lt Col Korvin Kraics on III Marine Expeditionary Force  68 LTC Albert Augustine on CA Missions in Africa  67 Justin Constantine  66 John Steed of Tesla Government on GIS  65 65 Digital Civil Reconnaissance with Carrick Longley and Stephen Hunnewell  64 Joe Pastorek on the 95th Civil Affairs Brigade's Advanced Skills Detachment  63 Lauren Ladenson, Lieutenant Colonel Matt Holmes, and Lieutenant Colonel Kyle Kouri on Defense Support to Stabilization (DSS)  62 CPT Al Oh and SGM Chris Melendez discuss Civil Reconnaissance  61 Dr. E. Casey Wardynski, ASA (M&RA) on Talent Management  60 LTC Scott Dickerson on the Army CA Force Modernization Assessment  59 MAJ Ashley Holzmann on the History of US Propaganda and Psychological Operations  58 Doowan Lee on Innovating Influence Intelligence  57 LTC Marco Bongioanni on the International Visitor Leadership Program  56 Paul Giannone on CA in Vietnam and his Career in Public Health  55 LTC Jeff Uherka and COL Steve Barry of Joint Task Force - Bravo  54 John Barsa, Acting Administrator of USAID  53 Dr. Ajit Maan - Narrative Warfare  52 Karen Walsh and Bron Morrison of Dexis Consulting  51 Intergrating Civil Affairs, with MAJ Brian Hancock and Dr. Timothy Darr  50 COL Steve Battle on CA Support for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea  49 LTC Rachel Sullivan and MAJ Mike Karlson on CA during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea  48 Dr. Lynn Copeland on the Future of Civil Information Management  47 Letting the CAT out of the Bag Part 2  46 Letting the CAT out of the Bag, Part 1  45 MAJ Ian Duke on the need for a Civil Knowledge Battalion  44 MAJ James Ontiveros discusses Civil Affairs and Megacities  43 Captains Chapla, Micciche, and Staron on Storyboards as the TPS Reports of the Army  42 LTC Sue Gannon on Leading the 450th CA Battalion  41 Sean McFate on the New Rules of War, Part 2  40 Sean McFate on the New Rules of War, Part 1  39 Abubakr Elnoor on Darfur and Terrorist Recruitment  38 Devin Conley on the National Training Center  37 General Anthony Zinni on a Unified, Interagency Command  36 Garric Banfield on the 95th Civil Affairs Brigade  35 Justin Richmond on the Impl. Project  34 Alexandra Lamarche on Internally Displaced People in Cameroon  33 Jamie Schwandt on Swarm Intelligence, Swarm Learning, and Red Teams  32 Jay Liddick and Scott Dickerson on the CA Force Modernization Assessment  31 Narayan Khadka on Nepal, castes, and community trauma  30 Jay Liddick and Scott Dickerson on CA in Large Scale Combat Operations  29 Giancarlo Newsome and Jesse Elmore on Military Government Specialists  28 Nicholas Krohley on Human Terrain and CA Integration  27 Dale Yeager with Travel Safety Tips  26 Cori Wegener on Cultural Heritage Preservation  25 Major General Darrell Guthrie of USACAPOC(A)  24 Kwadjo Owusu-Sarfo on Ghana and Boko Haram  23 Manya Dotson on Life in the NGO Community  22 Wyatt Hughes Trains the Central Readiness Force of Japan  21 Bonus episode with Ryan McCannell of USAID  20 Ryan McCannell of USAID on the Evolution of CA in Sub-Saharan African  19 Arnel David on Strategy in the 21st Century  18 Michael Coates and Mark Grimes, Startup Radio Network  17 Max Steiner and Mazi Markel, CA Issue Paper  16 Diana Parzik, USAID Office of Civilian-Military Cooperation  15 Will Ibrahim, S-9 of 2/1 CAV  14 What is Civil Affairs - AUSA Answers  13 Scott Fisher and Information Operations  12 Aleks Nesic and James Patrick Christian of Valka-Mir  11 Norm Cotton of the Institute for Defense Analyses  10 Kevin Melton, USAID Office of Transition Initiatives  9 Dr. Larry Hufford discusses the 20th Anniversary of the Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland  8 Valor Breez and Jarrett Redman on "Beyond Hearts and Minds"  7 John Stefula and PKSOI  6 Michael Schwille, Iraq and Djibouti and RAND  5 Gonul Tol, Middle East Institute, on Turkey  4 Roberto Carmack, PhD, on Russian actions  3 Sean Acosta, Instructor, USAJFKSWCS  2 Valerie Jackson, 4th CA Group, USMC  1 Jon May: Artificial Intelligence for HA/DR Operations - LORELEI  --- Special thanks to Cool Jazz Hot Bassa for sampling music in their  album, Energy Jazz Playlist. Retrieved at: https://youtu.be/bdWUj2NYDYQ?si=00ylFfJ6DhGCwPsO

Welcome to One CA Podcast.  As we go into the holidays, the One CA brings on the show's founder, John McElligott, to talk with Brian Hancock and Jack Gaines about the show's beginnings, current updates and goals for the future. So, stay tuned.  --- One CA is a product of the civil affairs association  and brings in people who are current or former military, diplomats, development officers, and field agents to discuss their experiences on the ground with a partner nation's people and leadership. We aim to inspire anyone interested in working in the "last three feet" of U.S. foreign relations.  To contact the show, email us at CApodcasting@gmail.com  or look us up on the Civil Affairs Association website at www civilaffairsassoc.org   --- Past Episodes: 202 Andrew Gonzalez on Marine Civil Affairs in the Pacific (Part II)  201 Andrew Gonzalez on Marine Civil Affairs in the Pacific (Part I)  200 Jörg Grössl on the NATO Civil-Military Cooperation Centre of Excellence  199 Jeffrey Fiddler and the U.S. Gaza Relief Mission  198 David Luna, State-sponsored criminality in strategic competition  197 Scott Mann "Nobody is Coming to Save You"  196 Jeffrey Fiddler on the DOD response to COVID 19  195 Cleo Paskal on PRC operations in Guam  194 Doug Stevens on faith-based diplomacy  193 Patrick Alley on Global Influence (Part II)  192 Patrick Alley on Global Influence (Part I)  191 Drew Biemer on Energy Sector Civil Affairs  190 Pavlo Kuktha on Ukraine Reconstruction  189 Phillip Smith in discussion with Brian Hancock  188 Part II, Mickey Bergman on Diplomacy in the Shadows  187 Part I, Mickey Bergman on Diplomacy in the Shadows  186 Major Gustavo Ferreira testifies at the U.S. China Economic and Security Review Commission.  185 Scott Mann, Life After Afghanistan  184 Megan O'Keefe-Schlesinger on Information Operations. Part II.  183 Megan O'Keefe-Schlesinger. Leading Information Operations and Influence. Part I  182 Natacha Ciezki, from Zaire to America  181 Proxy Wars, by Pawel Bernat, Juneyt Gurer, and Cyprian Kozera  180 Sandor Fabian: Europe is Learning the wrong lessons from the conflict in Ukraine  179 Civil Affairs Innovation with Colonel Brad Hughes, part II  178 Civil Affairs Innovation with Colonel Brad Hughes, part I  177 Patrick Passewitz on the Sicilian Model  176 Part II, interview with J. David Thompson  175 Part I interview with J. David Thompson  174 Direct Commissions with Heater Cotter  173 Achieving post conflict stabilization with Prof. Beatrice Heuser (Pt.2)  172 Achieving post conflict stabilization with Prof. Beatrice Heuser (Pt.1)  171 Civil Military What?  170 Combat First Aid in Ukraine by Michael Baker  169 Part II, Bas Wouters on Influence and Persuasion  168 Part I, Bas Wouters on Influence and Persuasion  167 Electronic Warfare with Michael Gudmundson  166 On Alexei Navalny and Political Dissent  165 Part II of the Courtney Mulhern and Dan Joseph interview  164 Part I, Courtney Mulhern and Dan Joseph on the book "Backpack to Rucksack"  163 Sam Cooper on China political and Economic Warfare  162 Rob Boudreau and Joel Searls  161 Curtis Fox, Part II on Russian Hybrid Warfare  160 Curtis Fox: Part I, Russian Hybrid Warfare  159 Albert Augustine and V Corps CA  158 Introducing the 1st CAG Human Dimension Podcast  157 Part II Robert Curris on Psychological Operations integration with CA and SOF  156 Part I, Robert Curris on Psychological Operations integration with CA and SOF  155 Gen (R) David Petraeus at Carnegie  154 Angie Smith, Environmental Science and Foreign Policy  153 One CA Classic. John visits AUSA  152 Dan Blumenthal and Fred Kagan  151 Dan Blumenthal and Fred Kagan  150 The WestPoint Center for the Study of Civil-Military Operations  149 Part II. Tony Vacha on Civil Affairs in Europe and Africa  148 Part I.Tony Vacha on Civil Affairs in Europe and Africa  147 Jack's first year hosting the One CA Podcast  146 Jess Langerud talks on medical diplomacy in Poland  145 Courtney Mulhern. Three tools to improve local public outreach  144 Garric Banfield on the 95th Civil Affairs Brigade  143 Richard Messick. Advising partner nations on Rule of Law and anti-corruption  142 Scott DeJesse and the new Monuments Men and Women  141 Paul Hutchinson on the film ”Sound of Freedom” and human trafficking  140 Brian Hancock interview Col. Rachael Sherrer discuss Army Europe and Africa  139 John Cassara on China's Criminal Economy  138 Part II. Joseph Long on relational leadership and military diplomacy  137 Part I. Joseph Long on relational leadership and military diplomacy  136 Joe Pastorek and the 95th CA Advanced Skills Detachment  135 Jack Gaines interview with Global Integrity  134 Calvin Chrustie on conflict and hostage negotiation  133 Part II: Afghan resettlement in the U.S.  132 Part I: Afghan resettlement in the U.S.  131 Climate and Security  130 Chris Hyslop on human rights and diplomacy  129 Special Episode: Digital Civil Reconnaissance with Carrick Longley and Stephen Hunnewell  128 128 Josh Bedingfield on Shadow Governments Part II  127 Josh Bedingfield on Shadow Governments, Part I  126 Juan Quiroz on CA leading in Competition  125 Chris Hyslop: The Peace Corps  124 Special episode. Jordan Harbinger interviews H.R. McMaster on his book ”Battlegrounds”  123 Part II 38G: Agriculture and foreign policy  122 Part I 38G: Agriculture and foreign policy  121 Korea Reunification by David Maxwell  120 Special episode. IWP: The Columbia Plan  119 Discussing the USMC, 31st MEU CA Marines  118 Part II. Integrating Civil Affairs, field operations and diplomacy, by former Under-Secretary, Michael Patrick Mulroy  117 Part I. former DASD, Michael Patrick Mulroy on Integrating Civil Affairs, field operations and diplomacy  116 Assad Raza talk-back on the Frank Sobchak interview  115 Frank Sobchak on advising and training partner nation forces  114 Special Episode from the IW Podcast: Slow Burn: How Security Cooperation shapes operational environments  113 Jodi Harman and the HillVets Foundation  112 David Maxwell on grand strategy  111 Civil Affairs and Security Cooperation with Chris Stockel  110 CSM Riccio Christmas Day Concert  109 John Hutcheson on Hiring our Heroes  108 Advertisement for the CSM Riccio holiday concert  107 Operation Joint Endeavor  106 Special episode: John McElligott passes the mic  105 Major John Burns on Ghost Team at NTC  104 Stanislava Mladenova on Civ-Mil Relationships in Low-Intensity Conflict and State Fragility  103 Benjamin Ordiway and Anthony Pfaff  102 Nick Krohley and Lt Col Stefan Muehlich on Doctrinal Comparison, Part 2  101 Nick Krohley and Lt Col Stefan Muehlich on Doctrinal Comparison, Part 1  100 Episode 100 of the One CA Podcast  99 Theater Information Advantage Element 98 Brig Gen Chris Dziubek of the 351st CACOM  97 Mark Delaney on Civil Affairs Skills for Post Military Life  96 Colonel Marco Bongioanni on Emergency Preparedness Liaison Officers  95 Maj Gen Jeff Coggin of USACAPOC(A)  94 Operation Allies Refuge: Lessons on Interagency and Multinational Collaboration  93 Vish Odedra on COVID-19 Vaccinations in the UK  92 LTC Greg Banner on Training for Unconventional Warfare  91 Chris Bryant on Social Media for CA  90 CA Issue Papers 2021 - Part 3  89 CA Issue Papers 2021 - Part 2  88 CA Issue Papers 2021 - Part 1  87 USACAPOC(A) Command Strategic Initiatives  86 Civil Affairs Interagency Panel - Part 2  85 Civil Affairs Interagency Panel - Part 1  84 Zach Hyleman and Kevin Chapla on FAO and CA  83 Civil Affairs in Regional Competition for Influence - Part 2  82 Civil Affairs in Regional Competition for Influence - Part 1  81 SFC Josh Spiers on San Pedro Sula, Honduras  80 Major Lauren Holl on San Pedro Sula, Honduras  79 Josh Bedingfield on Human Network Analysis  78 Lieutenant General Eric Wesley on Civil Competition - Part 2  77 Lieutenant General Eric Wesley on Civil Competition - Part 1  76 Maj Gen Hugh Van Roosen on a Career in SF, CA, and PSYOP  75 Brig. Gen. Jeffrey Coggin of USACAPOC(A)  74 Colonel Mattia Zuzzi of the Multinational CIMIC Group  73 Jonathan Papoulidis on Country Coordination Platforms  72 Colonel Frank van Boxmeer of NATO CCOE  71 LTC Matthias Wasinger of the Austrian Armed Forces  70 Request for Capabilities Brief Guests and Show Hosts  69 Lt Col Jahn Olson and Lt Col Korvin Kraics on III Marine Expeditionary Force  68 LTC Albert Augustine on CA Missions in Africa  67 Justin Constantine  66 John Steed of Tesla Government on GIS  65 65 Digital Civil Reconnaissance with Carrick Longley and Stephen Hunnewell  64 Joe Pastorek on the 95th Civil Affairs Brigade's Advanced Skills Detachment  63 Lauren Ladenson, Lieutenant Colonel Matt Holmes, and Lieutenant Colonel Kyle Kouri on Defense Support to Stabilization (DSS)  62 CPT Al Oh and SGM Chris Melendez discuss Civil Reconnaissance  61 Dr. E. Casey Wardynski, ASA (M&RA) on Talent Management  60 LTC Scott Dickerson on the Army CA Force Modernization Assessment  59 MAJ Ashley Holzmann on the History of US Propaganda and Psychological Operations  58 Doowan Lee on Innovating Influence Intelligence  57 LTC Marco Bongioanni on the International Visitor Leadership Program  56 Paul Giannone on CA in Vietnam and his Career in Public Health  55 LTC Jeff Uherka and COL Steve Barry of Joint Task Force - Bravo  54 John Barsa, Acting Administrator of USAID  53 Dr. Ajit Maan - Narrative Warfare  52 Karen Walsh and Bron Morrison of Dexis Consulting  51 Intergrating Civil Affairs, with MAJ Brian Hancock and Dr. Timothy Darr  50 COL Steve Battle on CA Support for the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea  49 LTC Rachel Sullivan and MAJ Mike Karlson on CA during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea  48 Dr. Lynn Copeland on the Future of Civil Information Management  47 Letting the CAT out of the Bag Part 2  46 Letting the CAT out of the Bag, Part 1  45 MAJ Ian Duke on the need for a Civil Knowledge Battalion  44 MAJ James Ontiveros discusses Civil Affairs and Megacities  43 Captains Chapla, Micciche, and Staron on Storyboards as the TPS Reports of the Army  42 LTC Sue Gannon on Leading the 450th CA Battalion  41 Sean McFate on the New Rules of War, Part 2  40 Sean McFate on the New Rules of War, Part 1  39 Abubakr Elnoor on Darfur and Terrorist Recruitment  38 Devin Conley on the National Training Center  37 General Anthony Zinni on a Unified, Interagency Command  36 Garric Banfield on the 95th Civil Affairs Brigade  35 Justin Richmond on the Impl. Project  34 Alexandra Lamarche on Internally Displaced People in Cameroon  33 Jamie Schwandt on Swarm Intelligence, Swarm Learning, and Red Teams  32 Jay Liddick and Scott Dickerson on the CA Force Modernization Assessment  31 Narayan Khadka on Nepal, castes, and community trauma  30 Jay Liddick and Scott Dickerson on CA in Large Scale Combat Operations  29 Giancarlo Newsome and Jesse Elmore on Military Government Specialists  28 Nicholas Krohley on Human Terrain and CA Integration  27 Dale Yeager with Travel Safety Tips  26 Cori Wegener on Cultural Heritage Preservation  25 Major General Darrell Guthrie of USACAPOC(A)  24 Kwadjo Owusu-Sarfo on Ghana and Boko Haram  23 Manya Dotson on Life in the NGO Community  22 Wyatt Hughes Trains the Central Readiness Force of Japan  21 Bonus episode with Ryan McCannell of USAID  20 Ryan McCannell of USAID on the Evolution of CA in Sub-Saharan African  19 Arnel David on Strategy in the 21st Century  18 Michael Coates and Mark Grimes, Startup Radio Network  17 Max Steiner and Mazi Markel, CA Issue Paper  16 Diana Parzik, USAID Office of Civilian-Military Cooperation  15 Will Ibrahim, S-9 of 2/1 CAV  14 What is Civil Affairs - AUSA Answers  13 Scott Fisher and Information Operations  12 Aleks Nesic and James Patrick Christian of Valka-Mir  11 Norm Cotton of the Institute for Defense Analyses  10 Kevin Melton, USAID Office of Transition Initiatives  9 Dr. Larry Hufford discusses the 20th Anniversary of the Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland  8 Valor Breez and Jarrett Redman on "Beyond Hearts and Minds"  7 John Stefula and PKSOI  6 Michael Schwille, Iraq and Djibouti and RAND  5 Gonul Tol, Middle East Institute, on Turkey  4 Roberto Carmack, PhD, on Russian actions  3 Sean Acosta, Instructor, USAJFKSWCS  2 Valerie Jackson, 4th CA Group, USMC  1 Jon May: Artificial Intelligence for HA/DR Operations - LORELEI  --- Special thanks to Cool Jazz Hot Bassa for sampling music in their  album, Energy Jazz Playlist. Retrieved at: https://youtu.be/bdWUj2NYDYQ?si=00ylFfJ6DhGCwPsO

The Cognitive Crucible is a forum that presents different perspectives and emerging thought leadership related to the information environment. The opinions expressed by guests are their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of or endorsement by the Information Professionals Association. During this episode, Dave Troy discusses threats to democracy. The related problems of disinformation, misinformation, and radicalization have been popularly misunderstood as technology or fact-checking problems, but this ignores the mechanism of action, which is the reconfiguration of social capital. By recasting these problems as one problem rooted in the reconfiguration of social capital and network topology, we can consider solutions that might maximize public health and favor democracy over fascism, even as the urgent need for stewarding human behavior may introduce ethical questions about what kinds of network configurations are ideal, and who might have the moral authority to oversee their pursuit. Recording Date: 25 June 2024 Resources: Cognitive Crucible Podcast Episodes Mentioned #62 Jonathan Rauch on the Constitution of Knowledge #76 Yuval Levin on the Constitution & Institutions #110 Sean McFate on The New Rules of War Dave Troy's website Clarence Streit Work in Progress Article: Disinformation and its effects on social capital networks by Dave Troy The Network State: How To Start a New Country by Balaji Srinivasan Adventure Capitalism: A History of Libertarian Exit, from the Era of Decolonization to the Digital Age by Raymond Craib Link to full show notes and resources Guest Bio: Dave Troy is an investigative journalist focused on exposing threats to democracy. Based in Baltimore, his background as a technologist with an interest in studying online extremism affords him a unique perspective. His work has appeared at MoMA in New York, and he is a fellow with New America Foundation's Future Frontlines. Dave writes regularly about information warfare, history, and politics. He is the host of the podcast Dave Troy Presents, and speaks regularly at conferences on disinformation, extremism, and information warfare. Contact information is available at davetroy.com. About: The Information Professionals Association (IPA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to exploring the role of information activities, such as influence and cognitive security, within the national security sector and helping to bridge the divide between operations and research. Its goal is to increase interdisciplinary collaboration between scholars and practitioners and policymakers with an interest in this domain. For more information, please contact us at communications@information-professionals.org. Or, connect directly with The Cognitive Crucible podcast host, John Bicknell, on LinkedIn. Disclosure: As an Amazon Associate, 1) IPA earns from qualifying purchases, 2) IPA gets commissions for purchases made through links in this post.

Is “strategic” the size of the bomb you drop, the scale of the map you use, or way you play Monopoly? In this episode, Mike and Jim turn Sun Tzu's fortune cookie sayings into operational reality.  We work through how we can win fights all over Iraq, Afghanistan, and Vietnam and still lose. We also cover strategies for winning against Active Shooters and the Chinese Communist Party. New Rules of War by Sean McFate - https://amzn.to/4bYaGrT  Little Book on Big Strategy - https://press.armywarcollege.edu/monographs/723/ Amatuers Study Tactics - https://www.strategynotes.co/p/the-nonsense-of-amateurs-study-tactics How to Win in Anbar by CPT Travis Patriquin - https://abcnews.go.com/images/US/how_to_win_in_anbar_v4.pdf The Strategic Corporal by Gen Krulak - https://www.mca-marines.org/wp-content/uploads/1999-Jan-The-strategic-corporal-Leadership-in-the-three-block-war.pdf On Strategy: A Primer by Nathan Finney - https://www.armyupress.army.mil/Portals/7/combat-studies-institute/csi-books/on-strategy-a-primer.pdf Strategy: Context and Adaptation from Archidamus to Airpower (Transforming War) - https://amzn.to/3KOdprC Adaptive Leadership Handbook - Law Enforcement & Security: Innovative Ways to Teach and Develop Your People by Lt Fred Leland -  https://amzn.to/3z2vzDx  Find us on social media (Facebook/Twitter/Instagram/YouTube) @TacTangents. You can join the conversation in our Facebook Discussion Group. Find all of our episodes, articles, some reading list ideas, and more on our website www.tacticaltangents.com Like what we're doing? Head over to Patreon and give us a buck for each new episode. You can also make a one-time contribution at GoFundMe. Intro music credit Bensound.com

The Cognitive Crucible is a forum that presents different perspectives and emerging thought leadership related to the information environment. The opinions expressed by guests are their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of or endorsement by the Information Professionals Association. During this episode, Dr. Ben Zweibelson, Director, USSPACECOM Strategic Innovation Group (SIG), discusses his book 'Beyond the Pale: Designing Military Decision-Making Anew.' The discussion cover's Ben philosophy related to managing the inter-war period we are experiencing, and his perspective on complexity. Resources: Cognitive Crucible Podcast Episodes Mentioned #85 Josh Kerbel on Complexity and Anticipatory Intelligence #47 Yaneer Bar-Yam on Complex Systems and the War on Ideals #110 Sean McFate on The New Rules of War #73 Ori Brafman on The Starfish, Spider, and Resilient Societies PART I: The Singleton Paradox: On the Future of Human-Machine Teaming and Potential Disruption of War Itselfby Ben Zweibelson, PhD PART II: Whale Songs of Wars Not Yet Waged: The Demise of Natural-Born Killers through Human-Machine Teamings Yet to Come by Ben Zweibelson, PhD Types and Forms of Emergence by Jochen Fromm Earth Liberation Front Understanding the Military Design Movement: War, Change and Innovation by Ben Zweibelson, PhD Beyond the Pale: Designing Military Decision-Making Anew by Ben Zweibelson, PhD Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid by Douglas R. Hofstadter Link to full show notes and resources Guest Bio: Dr. Ben Zweibelson is the director of the U.S. Space Command's Strategic Innovation Group at Peterson Space Force Base, CO. A retired Army infantry officer with combat tours in Iraq and Afghanistan, he earned the Combat Infantryman Badge, Master Parachutist Badge, Pathfinder Badge, Air Assault Badge, the Ranger Tab, four Bronze Star medals, and various awards and citations in his 22 years combined service. He previously worked for U.S. Special Operations Command for seven years, running all design education, theory, and outreach for the Joint Special Operations University. He has a doctorate in philosophy, three master's degrees, and an undergraduate degree in graphic design. He has two design books forthcoming in the summer of 2023. About: The Information Professionals Association (IPA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to exploring the role of information activities, such as influence and cognitive security, within the national security sector and helping to bridge the divide between operations and research. Its goal is to increase interdisciplinary collaboration between scholars and practitioners and policymakers with an interest in this domain. For more information, please contact us at communications@information-professionals.org. Or, connect directly with The Cognitive Crucible podcast host, John Bicknell, on LinkedIn. Disclosure: As an Amazon Associate, 1) IPA earns from qualifying purchases, 2) IPA gets commissions for purchases made through links in this post.

The Cognitive Crucible is a forum that presents different perspectives and emerging thought leadership related to the information environment. The opinions expressed by guests are their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of or endorsement by the Information Professionals Association. During this episode, Meredith Wilson of Emergent Risk International discusses the increasingly complex world that companies are navigating today. Our conversation touches upon Chinese export controls, the Russia/Ukraine War, environmental-social-governance (ESG) dynamics, and government policies regarding sharing classified material. Research Question: Meredith suggests an interested student examine how Western companies go forward in today's shifting global landscape with a dual-structured economy. Resources: Cognitive Crucible Podcast Episodes Mentioned #85 Josh Kerbel on Complexity and Anticipatory Intelligence #110 Sean McFate on The New Rules of War Emergent Risk International International Traffic in Arms Regulations Political Risk: How Businesses and Organizations Can Anticipate Global Insecurity by Condoleezza Rice and Amy Zegart Scary Smart: The Future of Artificial Intelligence and How You Can Save Our World by Mo Gawdat Link to full show notes and resources https://information-professionals.org/episode/cognitive-crucible-episode-162 Guest Bio:  Meredith Wilson has over 20 years experience in intelligence, government, corporate and international environments. She started Emergent Risk International with the belief that, with the proper strategy and mindset, risk intelligence could add more than worry to an organization's bottom line. As a former Defense Intelligence Officer as well as an oil and gas industry veteran – first building a risk intelligence function for ConocoPhillips and then for Kosmos Energy – Ms. Wilson has seen how intelligence can function well in both environments, but also how differently these functions operate within their organizations. With that knowledge and an extremely talented and adventurous team, since its founding in 2014, ERI has grown into a multi-national company with offices in the United States (Dallas, Austin, Washington DC and greater Boston), the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Singapore; serving some of the world's most valuable brands. Ms. Wilson was a founding member of the Private Sector Intelligence Council (PSIC) and a Founding Board Member of the Association of International Risk and Intelligence Professionals (AIRIP). She previously served on the Business Intelligence Advisory Council for the National Intelligence Officer for Science and Technology. She spent much of her early career abroad, living in Southeast Asia and Europe. She, her family, and her three furry coworkers currently call Rhode Island home. About: The Information Professionals Association (IPA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to exploring the role of information activities, such as influence and cognitive security, within the national security sector and helping to bridge the divide between operations and research. Its goal is to increase interdisciplinary collaboration between scholars and practitioners and policymakers with an interest in this domain. For more information, please contact us at communications@information-professionals.org. Or, connect directly with The Cognitive Crucible podcast host, John Bicknell, on LinkedIn. Disclosure: As an Amazon Associate, 1) IPA earns from qualifying purchases, 2) IPA gets commissions for purchases made through links in this post.

Historically, U.S. firms dominated the private security company market, in places like Afghanistan and Somalia. But in recent years they have been emerging in other countries. Warlords and militias have restyled themselves as private security companies, and in Russia we have seen the incredible consequences of PMC Wagner rising as a force to challenge the reputation of the regular military. Mercenaries were common in the European Middle Ages and contract warfare the norm. The proliferation of private military forces is having a profound effect on international relations, meaning the twenty-first century may have more in common with the twelfth century than the twentieth. ---------- SPEAKER: Dr Sean McFate is a strategist and expert on international relations. He is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council, and a professor at: Georgetown University's Walsh School of Foreign Service, Syracuse University's Maxwell School, and the National Defence University's College of International Security Affairs. His career began as a paratrooper and officer in the US Army's 82nd Airborne Division. He served under Stan McChrystal and David Petraeus, and graduated from elite training programs, such as Jungle Warfare School in Panama. Sean has held many roles in a long and distinguished career, including private military contractor, business consultant and author of several successful books, including ‘The New Rules of War' and ‘Goliath: Why the West Doesn't Win Wars. And What We Need to Do About It'. Dr McFate a consultant to the Pentagon, CIA, and Hollywood. His writing has appeared in the New York Times, Washington Post, and Wall Street Journal, and he has been interviewed on CNN, Fox, MSNBC, BBC, NPR, Vice on Home Box Office, and The Discovery Channel. #seanmcfate #mercenaries # wagner #yevgenyprigozhin #prigozhin #privatemilitarycompany #pmc #ukraine #ukrainewar #russia #zelensky #putin #propaganda #war #disinformation #hybridwarfare #foreignpolicy #communism #sovietunion #postsoviet ---------- LINKS: https://www.seanmcfate.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/seanmcfate/ https://twitter.com/seanmcfate https://www.youtube.com/@seanmcfate826 https://gufaculty360.georgetown.edu/s/contact/00336000014TYDIAA4/sean-mcfate https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/expert/sean-mcfate/ https://cisa.ndu.edu/About/Faculty-and-Staff/Article-View/Article/2168026/dr-sean-mcfate/ ----------   ARTICLES: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ux98Xl_lIWk https://www.rferl.org/a/military-strategist-mcfate-what-could-stop-russia/32180030.html https://www.newsweek.com/how-defeat-russias-mercenaries-opinion-1785481 https://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/3757281-irregular-warfare-will-win-strategic-competition/ https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/commentary/podcast/defeating-the-wagner-group/ ---------- BOOKS: The Modern Mercenary: Private Armies and What They Mean for World Order (2014) Goliath: What the West got Wrong about Russia and Other Rogue States (2019) ----------

Todo el rato estamos hablando de los #Warriors, sin embargo... nunca hemos explicado qué implica ser un Warrior Diplomat y de dónde viene este concepto. En este "Keeping", Sergio y Fabio nos explican del origen del nombre de tu podcast favorito y de su visión sobre la nueva generación de diplomáticos. Lectura obligatoria para todo Warrior: Goliath, Sean McFate

Dr Sean McFate is a strategist and expert on international relations. He is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council, and a professor at: Georgetown University's Walsh School of Foreign Service, Syracuse University's Maxwell School, and the National Defence University's College of International Security Affairs. His career began as a paratrooper and officer in the US Army's 82nd Airborne Division. He served under Stan McChrystal and David Petraeus, and graduated from elite training programs, such as Jungle Warfare School in Panama. Sean has held many roles in a long and distinguished career, including private military contractor, business consultant and author of several successful books, including ‘The New Rules of War' and ‘Goliath: Why the West Doesn't Win Wars. And What We Need to Do About It'. Dr McFate a consultant to the Pentagon, CIA, and Hollywood. His writing has appeared in the New York Times, Washington Post, and Wall Street Journal, and he has been interviewed on CNN, Fox, MSNBC, BBC, NPR, Vice on Home Box Office, and The Discovery Channel.

In the launch episode of the Guns for Hire podcast, host Alia Brahimi speaks with the author and former mercenary Dr Sean McFate about his three-pronged strategy for defeating the Wagner Group. They also discuss internal dynamics within the Kremlin-linked private military company, the dangerously outsized influence of its leader on the war in Ukraine, and Sean's argument that there's nothing more unconventional today than a conventional war– and that this is borne out by the way that Russia is fighting in Ukraine.“There's this natural schism, between for-profit and not-for-profit warriors. Let's just widen that schism in the Russian instance.”The Guns for Hire podcast is written, produced and hosted by Dr Alia Brahimi.

The Cognitive Crucible is a forum that presents different perspectives and emerging thought leadership related to the information environment. The opinions expressed by guests are their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of or endorsement by the Information Professionals Association. During this episode, Dr. Matthew Canham discusses the importance of cognitive security, and his neurosecurity framework. Research Question: Are there a finite and discoverable set of Principles of Influence for AI analogous to the Principles of Influence in humans? (Reference: Dr. Robert Cialdini's Seven Principles of Influence in Humans which form the basis of (most) social engineering attacks: Reciprocity, Social Proof, Liking, Authority, Commitment & Consistency, Scarcity, Unity) Resources: Cognitive Crucible Podcast Episodes Mentioned #113 Jeff Engstrom on Chinese Systems Warfare #135 Dave Maxwell on North Korea and Influence Operations #110 Sean McFate on The New Rules of War Matthew's personal website Cognitive Security: Exploring the Human Layer w/ Dr. Matthew Canham | CSI Talks #1 https://youtu.be/OGmvoj5Dj_A Unrestricted Warfare: China's Master Plan to Destroy America by Qiao Liang and Wang Xiangsui AntiFragile, 2014, Nassim Nicholas Taleb Unrestricted Warfare: China's Master Plan to Destroy America, 2015, Qiao Liang & Wang Xiangsui War Without Rules: China's Playbook for Global Domination, 2022, Robert Spalding The New Rules of War: How America Can Win--Against Russia, China, and Other Threats, 2020, Sean McFate The Weaponisation of Everything: A Field Guide to the New Way of War, 2022, Mark Galeotti The Sovereign Individual: Mastering the Transition to the Information Age, 1997, James Dale Davidson & Lord William Rees-Mogg The Network State: How To Start a New Country, 2022, Balaji Srinivasan What Technology Wants, 2010, by Kevin Kelly Influence, New and Expanded: The Psychology of Persuasion, 2021, Robert B Cialdini PhD Pre-Suasion: A Revolutionary Way to Influence and Persuade, 2016, Robert Cialdini Ph.D. Security risks of ChatGPT and other AI text generators Paul Wagenseil January 17, 2023 Link to full show notes and resources https://information-professionals.org/episode/cognitive-crucible-episode-138 Guest Bio: Dr. Matthew Canham is a security consultant and researcher dedicated to understanding and addressing the human element in cybersecurity. His research focuses on human susceptibility to mis-dis-mal (MDM) information operations and remote online social engineering attacks. He is also the host of the Cognitive Security Institute, an organization which holds monthly online meetings to discuss topics in cognitive security. You may watch past presentations here: https://www.youtube.com/@cognitivesecurityinstitute579/videos About: The Information Professionals Association (IPA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to exploring the role of information activities, such as influence and cognitive security, within the national security sector and helping to bridge the divide between operations and research. Its goal is to increase interdisciplinary collaboration between scholars and practitioners and policymakers with an interest in this domain. For more information, please contact us at communications@information-professionals.org. Or, connect directly with The Cognitive Crucible podcast host, John Bicknell, on LinkedIn. Disclosure: As an Amazon Associate, 1) IPA earns from qualifying purchases, 2) IPA gets commissions for purchases made through links in this post.

In this episode of the Indigenous Approach, we are joined by Dr. Sean McFate, author of the 2019 book The New Rules of War. Sean is currently a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council and a professor at National Defense University, Georgetown University, and Syracuse University. We discuss with Sean the role of SOF in Irregular Warfare and Strategic Competition. 

Author and national security expert, Dr. Sean McFate, joins me on the podcast today. Sean is a former paratrooper and contractor as well as an author of fiction and non-fiction. We discuss what corporate warfare looks like today and what it will look like in 2040. We discuss cyberpunk and other elements of corporate warfare and how to weave those into your role-playing game campaigns. Don't miss this podcast episode.

The Cognitive Crucible is a forum that presents different perspectives and emerging thought leadership related to the information environment. The opinions expressed by guests are their own, and do not necessarily reflect the views of or endorsement by the Information Professionals Association. During this episode, Dr. Sean McFate discusses his influential book, The New Rules of War. Sean describes how the Westphalian state system is changing, consequences for conventional war, the rise of mercenaries and international mega-corporations, and information operations. Plus, the Cognitive Crucible gets not only one–but two–Monty Python references. Research Question: Sean asks several questions worthy of examination. First, how can a democracy fight secretive wars without losing its democratic soul? Second, strategic culture can eclipse strategic IQ; so, how can a strong strategic culture be broken? Finally, what is strategic thinking, and how are good strategic thinkers created? Resources: Cognitive Crucible Podcast Episodes Mentioned #49 Matt Armstrong on the Smith-Mundt Act https://www.seanmcfate.com Unrestricted Warfare: China's Master Plan to Destroy America by Qiao Liang and Wang Xiangsui The Art of War by Sun Tzu  (Author) and Thomas Cleary (Translator) The Knights Who Say "Ni!" - Monty Python and the Holy Grail The Holy Hand Grenade of Antioch Link to full show notes and resources https://information-professionals.org/episode/cognitive-crucible-episode-110 Guest Bio:  Dr. Sean McFate is a foreign policy expert, author and novelist. He is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council, a Washington DC think tank, and a professor of strategy at the National Defense University and Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. Additionally, he serves as an Advisor to Oxford University's Centre for Technology and Global Affairs.  McFate's career began as a paratrooper and officer in the U.S. Army's 82nd Airborne Division. He served under Stan McChrystal and David Petraeus, and graduated from elite training programs, such as Jungle Warfare School in Panama. He was also a Jump Master. McFate then became a private military contractor and paramilitary. Among his many experiences, he dealt with African warlords, raised armies for U.S. interest, rode with armed groups in the Sahara, conducted strategic reconnaissance for the extractive industry, transacted arms deals in Eastern Europe, and helped prevent an impending genocide in the Rwanda region. In the world of international business, McFate was a Vice President at TD International, a boutique political risk consulting firm with offices in Washington, Houston, Singapore and Zurich. Additionally, he was a program manager at DynCorp International, a consultant at BearingPoint (now Deloitte Consulting), and an associate at Booz Allen Hamilton. McFate writes novels based on his own military experiences. His latest thriller is High Treason, and #1 New York Timesbestselling author James Patterson said: “Sean McFate just might be the next Tom Clancy, only I think he's even better...The action is non-stop.” James Rollins said: “It had me breathless—it's not to be missed!” McFate also writes serious non-fiction. The New Rules of War: How America Can Win—Against Russia, China, and Other Threats (Morrow) has been called “The Freakonomics of modern warfare.” It was named a “Book of the Year” by The Economist, The Times [UK], and The Evening Standard, and is included on West Point's “Commandant's Reading List.” Admiral Jim Stavridis, the former NATO Supreme Allied Commander, said: “Stunning. Sean McFate is a new Sun Tzu.” Max Hastings wrote in The Sunday Times: “[This] iconoclastic book is being hailed by radicals as a wake-up call to governments and armed forces everywhere.” It has been translated into six languages and the British edition is titled Goliath: Why the West Isn't Winning. And What We Must Do About It (Penguin). McFate also authored The Modern Mercenary: Private Armies and What They Mean for World Order (Oxford Univ Press). The Economist called it a "fascinating and disturbing book." McFate is a consultant to the U.S. military, U.S. intelligence community, United Nations, and Hollywood. His has written for the New York Times, Washington Post, The Atlantic, The New Republic, Foreign Policy, Politico, Daily Beast, Vice Magazine, War on the Rocks, Military Review and African Affairs. He has appeared on CNN's Amanpour, Morning Joe, Fox and Friends, MSNBC, Fox, Sky News, NPR, BBC, WSJ, FT, Economist, Vice/HBO, The Discovery Channel, and American Heroes Channel. As a scholar, he has authored eight book chapters in edited academic volumes, and two monographs on modern war for the U.S. Department of Defense. McFate holds a BA from Brown University, MPP from the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, and a Ph.D. in international relations from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). He was also a Fellow at Oxford. McFate lives in Washington, DC. About: The Information Professionals Association (IPA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to exploring the role of information activities, such as influence and cognitive security, within the national security sector and helping to bridge the divide between operations and research. Its goal is to increase interdisciplinary collaboration between scholars and practitioners and policymakers with an interest in this domain. For more information, please contact us at communications@information-professionals.org. Or, connect directly with The Cognitive Crucible podcast host, John Bicknell, on LinkedIn. Disclosure: As an Amazon Associate, 1) IPA earns from qualifying purchases, 2) IPA gets commissions for purchases made through links in this post.

Future war visionary and author, Dr. Sean McFate, joins me on the podcast today. Dr. McFate shares his expertise and paints a picture of where warfare is heading in the future. We discuss his novels and his nonfiction books and explore how game masters can use the ideas he is advancing in RPGs. We also learn Sean was a D&D player while growing up. Don't miss it!

Several of the atrocities happening in the Ukraine war are being linked to a mercenary organization called the Wagner Group. The Kremlin-linked mercenaries have operated in countries in the Middle East and in Africa as well, and are often trailed by allegations of human rights abuses.Sean McFate, former mercenary and now senior fellow at the Atlantic Council think tank, explains how this group operates, why mercenaries might become more common in the future and how Wagner members he speaks to feel about what they're doing.

The Wagner Group are Russian mercenaries, a private army best known for their brutal work in Ukraine and various parts of the world - a secretive operation believed to be linked to Vladimir Putin and the Russian military. To know more, Nexus speaks to Sean McFate, a former officer in the U.S. army turned private military contractor, who says this operation has Putin's blessing. Jelena Aparac, an expert on mercenaries and adviser to the UN says legally the group 'do not exist' and that makes it very difficult to hold them accountable for any atrocities committed. And Andrew Milburn, a former US Marine and founder of a military consultancy group who's currently in Ukraine believes that Wagner should not be so feared as they are not so impressive

For Day 18 of The Realignment's daily Ukraine and beyond coverage, Marshall spoke with Dr. Sean McFate, professor of strategy at the National Defense University and author of The New Rules of War: How America Can Win--Against Russia, China, and Other Threats. They discussed Dr. McFate's central argument that conventional warfare no longer furthers broad political objectives, why "peace" as we know it is over, and what Ukraine instructs about what's real and what's hype when it comes to predictions about the future of warfare. SEND US A TIP: https://app.swapstack.co/tips/the-realignment REALIGNMENT NEWSLETTER: https://therealignment.substack.com/ BOOKSHOP: https://bookshop.org/shop/therealignment

“Maverick strategist” Sean McFate, a former private mercenary, talks about the Ukraine deployment of Russia's paramilitary Wagner Group, while ex-senior CIA ops officer Gregory Sims says US security officials should “expect the unexpected” not to be caught flat-footed by a cornered Vladimir Putin, including big “surprises" like 9/11 and Pearl Harbor. Guests: Sean McFate: https://twitter.com/seanmcfate https://www.seanmcfate.com/ Gregory Sims https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregory-sims-b39a1115a?trk=pulse-article_main-author-card https://www.thecipherbrief.com/experts/gregory-sims Take our listener survey: http://survey.podtrac.com/start-survey.aspx?pubid=BffJOlI7qQcF&ver=short   Subscribe to SpyTalk on Substack https://www.spytalk.co/ Follow Jeanne Meserve on Twitter: https://twitter.com/JeanneMeserve https://www.jeannemeserve.com/ Follow Jeff Stein on Twitter: https://twitter.com/SpyTalker Follow SpyTalk on Twitter: https://twitter.com/talk_spy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

One of the fastest growing—and underreported—subjects in international relations is the rise of private armies. Dr. Sean McFate, Atlantic Council senior fellow and former private military contractor, joins Doorstep co-hosts Nick Gvosdev and Tatiana Serafin to discuss his book The New Rules of War and how our current paradigm of warfare is obsolete. With cyberweapons, disinformation, and mercenaries presenting new threats, how can America shore up its defenses and rethink the trillions of dollars spent on defense? Is the risk of inaction creating a new "Middle Ages"? For more on this subject, don't miss Carnegie Council's panel on December 14 at 3pm ET,  "Is Militarization Essential for Security in 2022 and Beyond?" And, for more on this podcast, please go to carnegiecouncil.org.

In the 20 years since the 9/11 attacks, national security decisions have tested the values of American democracy. This panel, hosted by Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal, examines lessons learned from the past two decades of conflict and the role that ethical action must play in helping to provide security while adhering to democratic principles. National security experts N. W. Collins, Sean McFate, and General Joseph Votel share their thoughts on these critical issues.

In the 20 years since the 9/11 attacks, national security decisions have tested the values of American democracy. This panel, hosted by Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal, examines lessons learned from the past two decades of conflict and the role that ethical action must play in helping to provide security while adhering to democratic principles. National security experts N. W. Collins, Sean McFate, and General Joseph Votel share their thoughts on these critical issues.

In the 20 years since the 9/11 attacks, national security decisions have tested the values of American democracy. This panel, hosted by Carnegie Council President Joel Rosenthal, examines lessons learned from the past two decades of conflict and the role that ethical action must play in helping to provide security while adhering to democratic principles. National security experts N. W. Collins, Sean McFate, and General Joseph Votel share their thoughts on these critical issues.

In this episode of Horns of a Dilemma, Sean McFate, senior fellow at the Atlantic Council and professor of strategy at Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service, discusses his book The New Rules of War: How America Can Win Against Russia, China, and Other Threats. McFate argues that the lack of strategic success achieved by the U.S. military over the last 30 to 40 years stems not from a lack of investment nor a lack of technology, but from the fact that the United States suffers from what he terms “victors curse.”   This talk took place at the University of Texas at Austin and was sponsored by the Clements Center.

Army veteran and author Sean McFate shows how we've wasted trillions on a plane that can't fight and reveals everything wrong with our military. See more in his book "The New Rules of War".

Konflikt försöker tränga igenom skuggorna till den ljusskygga verksamhet som innefattar legosoldater och privata militära företag, som dyker upp i allt fler konfliktområden nu. Medverkande: Thomas Roth, militärhistorisk expert på Armémuseum i Stockholm, Sergey Sukhankin forskare och expert på ryska privata militära företag, bland annat Wagnergruppen, Denis Korotkov, grävjournalist på den ryska oberoende ryska tidningen Novaja Gazeta, "Julijana", änka till stupad Wagnersoldat, Karine Ghazaryan, journalist på grävnätverket Bellingcat, "Mohammed", syrisk researcher och journalist, Jalel Harchaoui, Libyenexpert, Roland Strandberg, fd svensk kontraktör, Marcus Mohlin, expert på privata militära företag vid Försvarsmakten, Sean McFate, fd amerikansk legosoldat som idag undervisar vid Georgetown University. Programledare: Robin Olin robin.olin@sr.se Producent: Anja Sahlberg anja.sahlberg@sr.se Reportrar: Maria Georgieva, Tomas Thorén och Paloma Vangpreecha Inläsning: Jotiar Murad Tekniker: Joel Löf

In this webinar, Dr Sean McFate, Mr Jamie Williamson and Mr Doug Brooks will discuss how mercenaries and private military companies are changing the rules of war and peacebuilding. Since the second Iraq conflict, the growing presence of private military contractors has generated the need for effective public and private participation and re-statement of existing international law regarding the contractors' oversight, enforcement and accountability, specifically in armed conflict environments.

After almost a decade in prison, Yevgeny Prigozhin was released into a new world. Gorbachev gave his last speech as leader of the Soviet Union; the Communist Party was outlawed. Soon, gangs were violently extorting new business owners and the murder rate doubled. But Prigozhin was comfortable with chaos. He started a hot dog stand and climbed his way up into the highest echelons of power… then decided to diversify. In this episode, we look at a Russian businessman who takes on a new game, war in the shadows, and how we prepare for what we can't see. GUESTS: Anastasia Gorshkova, Russian Journalist; Sean McFate, Georgetown, Author, Former Mercenary ADDITIONAL READING: Putin’s Kleptocracy, Karen Dawisha. The Future is History, Masha Gessen. The New Rules of War, Sean McFate.

Army veteran Brian Collins shared how "Onward to Opportunity" rescued him from a tough transition, Raymond Lott aka The Marine Rapper describes America's blind spot for racism, and explosive terror attacks killed the VP in “High Treason” a new fiction thriller from Army veteran, and former military contractor Sean McFate. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Barbara Peters in conversation with Sean McFate and Brad Taylor

Today’s author interview guest is Sean McFate, author of High Treason: A Novel (Tom Locke Series Book 3). “McFate just might be the next Tom Clancy, only I think he’s even better… The action is non-stop and shuttles back and […]

Dr. Sean McFate has a brain on him, and there's no getting around it. He's the kind of smart that causes a lot of problems for itself; his brilliance is attached to an unflinching path of truth telling.s He's getting the word out on the reality that the United States and the rest of the "Western World" are being outmaneuvered, out-innovated and losing ground rapidly on the modern battlefield. While the US and it's ostensible allies continue to develop technological and military capabilities aimed at defeating the kind of enemies that haven't been seen since WWII, our enemies have been developing the powers of information, deception and manipulation to win victories over the lumbering beast of the western Military Industrial Complex at a minuscule fraction of the cost in both manpower and resources. In his new novel, High Treason, McFate lays out in disturbingly plausible detail how just such tactics could play out on a slightly larger scale than perhaps we've yet seen, and how the resources and capabilities of the US are hampered by a dogmatic resistance to accepting the reality that the battlefield is not the one we've been spending decades and trillions of dollars preparing to dominate. As ever, with the good doctor, listening to this episode will deepen the understanding of those who can already see, and for those who don't - and are willing to listen well - it will shatter the old paradigm of strategic and combative thinking to reveal a world in which the truth is hidden, the lies war with each other for supremacy and the populace is manipulated by clever and powerful groups seeking to advance their own particular, and most often devious, agenda. Buckle up, listen well and cling not to thine ignorance. Want more from Dr. Sean McFate? Website: https://www.seanmcfate.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/seanmcfate Amazon Author Page: https://www.amazon.com/Sean-McFate/e/B00JIGATF8/ref=dp_byline_cont_ebooks_1 Harper Collins Author Page: https://www.harpercollins.com/author/cr-123134/sean-mcfate/ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/logocentrifugal/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/logocentrifugal/support

The United States spends trillions on its military, but is it really achieving stronger national security? Not really, says Sean McFate, the author of the book "The New Rules of War." In his conversation with Bob, McFate argues that the US has been obsessed with outdated conventional warfare, has fetishized technology and tactical battlefield victory, and has failed to understand that war has transitioned away for billion-dollar fighter jets to the strategic level, the political level, and the information level. How can the US be successful in this new environment in which warfare is getting sneakier, in which victory goes to the cunning, and not just the strong?

The Middle East and the global security architecture are undergoing rapid transitions that will change the future of war and conflict. In the first podcast of the series, Dr Sean McFate explains his theory of the world returning to a state of "durable disorder" and how private actors and mercenaries are replacing uniformed soldiers on the ground.

This week we heard the story behind the voice of Discovery Channel's Matt Baker, and why he went to boot camp twice. Sean McFate, Army veteran, military strategy expert and author talks about  Russia, China, the “Dark Arts” and his book, “The New Rules of War” and AMVETS Director of Advocacy Sherman Gillums Jr. and Executive Director Joe Chenelly explain the programs they're rolling out to help prevent veteran suicide. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Dr. Sean McFate is a one-man revolution in the world of military strategy. You might already know that, whether from his first appearance on this podcast, or from his vast body of work elsewhere, including his brilliant and accessible book The New Rules of War. Any way you slice it, he's an endless resource of thoughtful analysis, educated takes, and controversial opinions on all things war... which is exactly why I brought him back on the podcast. In this second episode in the series, Dr. McFate teaches us some novel ways of looking at conflict - who, how, why and so forth - that puts much of the news and rhetoric into perspective. We also dive into some specific real-world situations, as well as some not-unlikely hypotheticals, to apply these thinking skills in concrete ways. By the time you're finished with this episode, the world will likely look different than it did before, and you'll be ready to move into some of the more personal stories to come with eyes a bit more wide. Want more from Dr. McFate? Website: https://www.seanmcfate.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/seanmcfate Amazon Author Page: https://www.amazon.com/Sean-McFate/e/B00JIGATF8%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/logocentrifugal/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/logocentrifugal/support

The first episode of The Convergence features Dr. Sean McFate, foreign policy expert, author, and novelist. Dr. McFate is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council, a Washington DC think tank, and a professor of strategy at the National Defense University and Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. Additionally, he serves as an Advisor to Oxford University's Centre for Technology and Global Affairs. Dr. McFate's newest book is The New Rules of War: Victory in the Age of Durable Disorder, which was picked by The Economist as one of their best books of 2019. On the episode, Dr. McFate provides his opinions on the changing character of warfare, the rise of private military contractors, information warfare, and the effects these trends will have on the operational environment.

Over the past few episodes of Force for Hire, hosts Michelle Harven and Desmon Farris have broached a number of topics pertaining to private military contracting.  Throughout, they've briefly touched on the issue of money, from guest Adam Gonzales talking about his salary as a private security operator to author Sean McFate talking about the profit of doing business downrange.  Now, it's time to dive headfirst into the topic that has bubbled beneath the surface of nearly every conversation about private military contracting.  Money. 

About the Book: Though our military remains undefeated, the United States has lost every war since World War II. But within a generation, our military's fate will undoubtedly change if we continue to cling to the past. Today, more than eighty years after WWII and thirty years since the fall of the Berlin Wall, the number of armed conflicts being waged around the world has doubled. If the United States refuses to accept that we are, once again, living in dangerous, unpredictable times, it is inevitable that our military—until now undefeated—will fail. Hailed by Publishers Weekly as “an authoritative and skillful analysis of the state of war today” and with a foreword by General Stanley McChrystal (Ret.), The New Rules of War: Victory in the Age of Durable Disorder is an urgent exploration of warfare—past, present, and future—that asks why we no longer win wars, and then explains the ten rules we must follow so we can. About the Author: Dr. Sean McFate is a Professor of Strategy at the National Defense University and Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. He served as a paratrooper in the US Army's 82nd Airborne Division and, then, worked for a major private military corporation, where he ran operations similar to those in his novels Shadow War and Deep Black. He is the author of The Modern Mercenary: Private Armies and What They Mean for World Order, and he holds a BA from Brown University, an MA from Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, and a PhD in international relations from the London School of Economics and Political Science. He lives with his family in Washington, DC. You can learn more at www.seanmcfate.com

Welcome to Force for Hire, where we will take you on a deep dive into the shadowy world of private military contracting. Join hosts Michelle Harven and Desmon Farris as they talk to military contractors, defense experts and servicemembers to help clear up the myths surrounding private military contracting and find out the truth behind the legends. In this first episode Michelle and Desmon talk to Sean McFate, former self-proclaimed mercenary and author of "New Rules of War" and David Isenberg, a Navy veteran and international security affairs analyst.   Together, they'll talk about what private military contracting is, what it's capable of and how it has helped shape the modern battlefield. 

Al Bawaba Spoke with Sean McFate, an expert on mercenary warfare, on how war itself is becoming commodified, and why people are ignoring this development.

In this provocative seminar, Dr Sean McFate, author, novelist and expert in foreign policy and national security strategy, looks at the neglected area of the economics of war.

Though the Olympic Games have begun with all seemingly quiet on the terrorist front... threatening clouds have been gathering. ISIS has been advertising for Portuguese speakers and announcing 'Lone Wolf from anywhere in the world can move to Brazil now.' They even suggest how and where to attack, targeting Americans, British, French and Israeli visitors to Rio. Already about a dozen men have been arrested on suspicion of plotting attacks for a Brazilian Islamist militant group called the Defenders of Shariah. Today's guest, Dr. Sean McFate, is a terror-security analyst, who served as a paratrooper in the U.S. Army's Airborne Division, and is a professor at the National Defense University and at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. His newest book is Shadow War: A Tom Locke Novel. Besides Zika, polluted water, crime, political unrest, body parts washing up on the beach and more, we are waiting for the ISIS shoe to drop.

On September 14, 2015, The Institute of World Politics welcomed Dr. Sean McFate for a lecture on his recently published book, "The Modern Mercenary: Private Armies and What They Mean for World Order." About the book It was 2004, and Sean McFate had a mission in Burundi: to keep the president alive and prevent the country from spiraling into genocide, without anyone knowing that the United States was involved. The United States was, of course, involved, but only through McFate's employer, the military contractor DynCorp International. Throughout the world, similar scenarios are playing out daily. The United States can no longer go to war without contractors. Yet we don't know much about the industry's structure, its operations, or where it's heading. Even the U.S. government -- the entity that actually pays them -- knows relatively little. In The Modern Mercenary, Sean McFate combines a broad-ranging theory of the phenomenon with an insider's understanding of what the opaque world of the private military industry is actually like, explaining its economic structure and showing in detail how firms operate on the ground. McFate provides an unparalleled perspective into the nuts and bolts of the industry, as well as a sobering prognosis for the future of war. About the author Sean McFate is a Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council, a think tank in Washington, D.C. He is also an associate professor at the National Defense University and teaches national security strategy at Georgetown University. Previously, he was a paratrooper in the U.S. Army's 82nd Airborne Division and then a private military contractor in Africa. He holds BAs from Brown University, a MPP from Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government, and a PhD in international relations from the London School of Economics.

It was 2004, and Sean McFate had a mission in Burundi: to keep the president alive and prevent the country from spiraling into genocide, without anyone knowing that the United States was involved. The United States was, of course, involved, but only through McFate's employer, the military contractor DynCorp International. Throughout the world, similar scenarios are playing out daily. The United States can no longer go to war without contractors. Yet we don't know much about the industry's structure, its operations, or where it's heading. Even the U.S. government-the entity that actually pays them-knows relatively little.

It was 2004, and Sean McFate had a mission in Burundi: to keep the president alive and prevent the country from spiraling into genocide, without anyone knowing that the United States was involved. The United States was, of course, involved, but only through McFate's employer, the military contractor DynCorp International. Throughout the world, similar scenarios are playing out daily. The United States can no longer go to war without contractors. Yet we don't know much about the industry's structure, its operations, or where it's heading. Even the U.S. government-the entity that actually pays them-knows relatively little.