Podcasts about coinage act

Watch The X22 Report On Video No videos found Click On Picture To See Larger PictureGermany is the process of destroying their economy, they just removed a state of the art coal power plant.Business are moving out of the blue states. Trump has brought in almost 3 trillion dollars into this country via investments. April 2, 1792 was liberation day for the US, we became financially independent. The [DS] is now using the Judicial branch of the government to fight against the Executive branch, it's almost like the [DS] wants the US in a constitution crisis. Our Founding Fathers warned that something like this might happen and built safe guards into the constitution. When we talk about a clean house, it's not just in DC, it's the entire country.   (function(w,d,s,i){w.ldAdInit=w.ldAdInit||[];w.ldAdInit.push({slot:13499335648425062,size:[0, 0],id:"ld-7164-1323"});if(!d.getElementById(i)){var j=d.createElement(s),p=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];j.async=true;j.src="//cdn2.customads.co/_js/ajs.js";j.id=i;p.parentNode.insertBefore(j,p);}})(window,document,"script","ld-ajs"); Economy https://twitter.com/HansMahncke/status/1904169511051247737 https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1903937937722478761   https://twitter.com/libsoftiktok/status/1904179365061005465   billion - Johnson & Johnson $55 billion - CMA CGM Group $20 billion - Eli Lilly $27 billion - Merck $1 billion - GE Aerospace $1 billion    Terrorist Organization.” We are in the process of returning them to Venezuela — It is a big task! In addition, Venezuela has been very hostile to the United States and the Freedoms which we espouse. Therefore, any Country that purchases Oil and/or Gas from Venezuela will be forced to pay a Tariff of 25% to the United States on any Trade they do with our Country. All documentation will be signed and registered, and the Tariff will take place on April 2nd, 2025, LIBERATION DAY IN AMERICA. Please let this notification serve to represent that the Department of Homeland Security, Border Patrol, and all other Law Enforcement Agencies within our Country have been so notified. Thank you for your attention to this matter! https://twitter.com/RapidResponse47/status/1904131603720175702 https://twitter.com/TimRunsHisMouth/status/1022856119113449472 TAKE. A LISTEN So what is the magic wand, tariffs, energy independence, going back to the constitution and the gold standard. https://twitter.com/KobeissiLetter/status/1904210394849083650 1792: The U.S. Coinage Act was passed by Congress, establishing the United States Mint and authorizing the production of the U.S. dollar, a foundational moment for the nation's economy.  it was a cornerstone for America's economy, setting up the United States Mint and greenlighting the production of the U.S. dollar as the nation's official currency. This wasn't just about making coins—it was about asserting economic independence from Britain and stabilizing a young country drowning in a mess of foreign currencies, state-issued money, and bartering. The Act, officially titled "An Act establishing a Mint, and regulating the Coins of the United States," pegged the dollar to a bimetallic standard—gold and silver—with specific weights: a dollar was defined as 371.25 grains of pure silver or 24.75 grains of pure gold, roughly matching the Spanish silver dollar's value, which was already widely used. It authorized coins like the silver dollar, half-dollar, and gold eagles ($10, $5, $2.50 denominations), plus smaller copper cents and half-cents. The Mint, set up in Philadelphia (then the capital), started churning out coins by 1793, with the first silver dollars appearing in 1794. This move was huge. Before 1792, the U.S. had no unified currency—think British pounds, French livres, and Spanish pieces of eight sloshing around with state banknotes that nobody trusted. The Articles of Confederation left Congress powerless to coin money eff...

Donald Trump got bored during the Super Bowl, and now apparently pennies are illegal. Also, as everything Trump torches the entire executive branch, trial judges aim their garden hoses at the flames to save what they can. Today we'll talk about as many cases as we can cram into an hour. Come for the DOGE take over of Treasury, stay for the Project 2025 shutdown of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.   Links: ABA STATEMENT on the Rule of Law https://www.americanbar.org/news/abanews/aba-news-archives/2025/02/aba-supports-the-rule-of-law/   When You've Lost Clarence Thomas https://www.lawandchaospod.com/p/when-youve-lost-clarence-thomas   New York v. Trump (state Treasury challenge) docket https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/69623558/state-of-new-york-v-donald-j-trump/   CNN: Trump stopping penny production https://www.cnn.com/politics/live-news/trump-doge-usaid-news-02-09-25#cm6yd9c61001m3b6no8ip8cc3   Coinage clause annotated https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C5-1/ALDE_00001066/   Coinage Act of 1792 https://www.usmint.gov/learn/history/historical-documents/coinage-act-of-april-2-1792   31 U.S.C. § 5112 https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/31/5112   12 U.S.C. § 5481 et seq. (creating CFPB) https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/chapter-53/subchapter-V   Sen. Warren Initial Report on the CFPB https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/2011/07/Report_BuildingTheCfpb1.pdf   Seila Law, LLC v. CFPB https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=14557349188638541514   NTEU V. VOUGHT I docket (CFPB data) https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.dcd.277286/   NTEU V. VOUGHT II docket (CFPB dismantling) https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.dcd.277287/   CFPB v. CFSA https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/22-448_o7jp.pdf Show Links: https://www.lawandchaospod.com/ BlueSky: @LawAndChaosPod Threads: @LawAndChaosPod Twitter: @LawAndChaosPod Patreon: patreon.com/LawAndChaosPod

A slightly-longer Sunday morning thought piece than usual today, but one that is well worth the effort I hope you'll discover.A reminder that:* This August I am going to the Edinburgh Fringe to do one of my “lectures with funny bits”. This one is all about the history of mining. As always, I shall be delivering it at Panmure House, where Adam Smith wrote Wealth of Nations. It's at 2pm most afternoons. Please come. Tickets here.* My first book and many readers' favourite, Life After the State - Why We Don't Need Government (2013), is now back in print - with the audiobook here: Audible UK, Audible US, Apple Books. I recommend the audiobook ;)Isaac Newton, who, along with William Shakespeare, Leonardo Da Vinci and Aristotle, must be one of the cleverest individuals to have ever lived, made groundbreaking contributions to physics, mathematics, optics, mechanics, philosophy and astronomy. The laws of motion, the theory of gravitation and the reflecting telescope were among his many contributions. He was also a brilliant alchemist, obsessed with theology and biblical prophecy. As if that isn't enough, he is credited with the design of the Gold Standard, the primary monetary system of the world for over two hundred years. Today we explore how this brilliant system was accidental.In 1695, counterfeit coins accounted for more than a tenth of all English money in circulation. Massive LOL: the English used the counterfeit coins, in particular, to pay their taxes. The Exchequer that year reported no more than ten good shillings for every hundred pounds of revenue. Coin clipping was also a major problem, especially of old coins, and silver coins were disappearing from circulation altogether. Silver was worth more on the continent as bullion than it was in the UK as tender, so arbitrageurs shipped coins abroad, melted them down, and sold them for gold. Everyone from the Jews to the French was blamed, but by 1695 it was almost impossible to find legal silver in circulation. It had all been melted down and sold.This all led to a scarcity of money, which inhibited trade. More damage was caused to the English nation in just one year by bad money than “by a quarter century of bad kings, bad Ministers, bad Parliaments and bad Judges”, said the historian Thomas Babington Macaulay.King William begged the House of Commons to respond to the crisis and, seeking help, Secretary of the Treasury, William Lowndes wrote letters to England's wisest men, asking their advice: among them, philosopher John Locke, architect Sir Christopher Wren, banker Sir Josiah Child, and scientist, Sir Isaac Newton.Newton was in his mid 40s and probably not far off the peak of his powers. He had published his most famous work, the Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, just eight years earlier in 1687, and it had established him as the smartest man in the country. He would now put his great mind to money.With the formation of the Bank of England the previous year, Newton had become aware of the possibilities of paper money. “If interest be not yet low enough for the advantage of trade,” he wrote, “the only proper way to lower it is more paper credit till by trading and business we can get more money.” He could see that token value and intrinsic value were not necessarily one and the same.It was also obvious to Newton that the currency criminals were rational actors. They would continue to clip, counterfeit, and sell abroad while there was profit in it. Bullion smuggling carried the death sentence, yet still it went on. Coercion alone would not be enough to stop it from happening. The market itself needed to be changed.He came up with two measures. First, to deal with the clipping, all coins minted prior to 1662 should be called in, melted down, and, using machines, re-made into coins that had a single consistent edge. With no more hand-hammered coins in circulation, clipping coins would become that much more difficult. Re-minting the entire country's coin, however, at a time of such primitive machinery, was no small undertaking. Second, to deal with the silver issue, the amount of silver in coins should be lowered so that the silver content and the face value of the coin were the same.The thought of such a devaluation went against the psyche. The idea that token value and intrinsic value might be different was alien and Newton's second proposal was not widely welcomed. There were 20 shillings to a pound, so a shilling should contain a concomitant amount of silver.  Newton may have thought that the token was more important than the silver content, but landowners and the government, which was largely made up of them, would lose 20% of their silver by Newton's proposal. In 1696 Parliament approved the recoinage, but stipulated the new coins maintain the old weights. Newton warned that the silver outflow would continue.The following year, nudged by John Locke, Charles Montague, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, sent Newton a letter notifying him that the King intended to make him Warden of the Mint. So began his new career. Perhaps the role was only intended as a sinecure, but Newton took it very seriously.Putting his chemical and mathematical knowledge to good use, Newton got the Mint's machines working and the coins minted at a speed that defied the predictions of even the boldest optimist and, as an industrial operation, Newton's recoinage was an enormous success. Newton would also have to learn the skills of a policeman—both investigator and interrogator—and he proved masterful. This ruthless enforcer of the law, oversaw numerous investigations, exposing frauds, and then prosecuting perpetrators. Poor counterfeiters had no idea what they were up against, and many were sent to the gallows for their crimes.So good at the job of Warden was Newton that, in 1699, he was promoted and made Master of the Royal Mint, and after the Union between England and Scotland in 1707, Newton directed a Scottish recoinage that would lead to a new currency for the new Kingdom of Great Britain.He had solved the clipping issue, the counterfeiting issue was vastly improved, but silver was still making its way across the Channel, just as Newton had said it would. As long as the silver content exceeded the face value of the coins, the trade would continue. By 1715, almost all of the coins that Newton had struck between 1696 and 1699 had left t he country.Newton's studies had moved on from tides, planetary motions, and pendulums to the gold markets. He drew up an extensive table of assays of foreign coins and in doing so realised that gold was cheaper in the new markets opening up in Asia than in Europe, and thus that silver was not just being sucked out of England, but out of Europe itself to India and China where it was traded for gold.Meanwhile, the world's next great gold rush had started.If you are interested in buying gold, check out my recent report. I have a feeling it is going to come in very handy in the not-too-distant future.My recommended bullion dealer is the Pure Gold Company.World gold output doublesSome time in 1694 Portuguese deserters had found alluvial gold two hundred miles inland from Rio De Janeiro in Minas Gerais in Brazil. Soon everyone was flocking there, “white, coloured, black, Amerindian, men and women; young and old; poor and rich; nobles and commoners; laymen and clergy,” said a Jesuit priest who lived in the area. By 1724, within just three decades of the discovery, world output had doubled. By 1750, 65% of global production was emanating from Brazil. The gold made its way to Lisbon, along with sugar, tobacco and other Brazilian products - similar amounts to that which the Conquistadors had sent back to Spain the previous century - and with it the Portuguese minted their moidores coins.The Portuguese used their gold to buy English cereal crops, beef and fish, woollen goods, manufactured articles, and luxuries. Portugal imported five times as much from England as it exported to it, and it used its gold to settle the difference. The moidores, which weighed slightly more than an English guinea, worth 28 shillings, actually became currency, especially in the west country, where there were more of them than local coins. “We hardly have any money,” wrote an Exeter man in 1713, “but Portugal gold.” In London, the Bank of England began buying vast amounts of gold, “to be coined as it comes in” and the Mint began minting guineas from the moidores. By 1715 the Bank had 800 kg/25,700 t.oz, a nascent central bank reserve, and this figure would rise would to 15.5 tonnes/500,000 t.oz by 1730. So much gold coin had never been minted before and London soon overtook Amsterdam as the foremost precious metals market. Gold was coming and staying. Silver was leaving for Asia. In 1717 Newton was called on to investigate.He came up with a new system and outlined it in a report to the Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury in September 1717. Less than three months later there was a Royal Proclamation that forbade the exchange of gold guineas for more than 21 silver shillings - even if they were clipped or underweight. Thus was a guinea just over a pound, which was 20 shillings, or 113 grains of gold. The ratio of gold to silver was effectively set at roughly 1:15.5.But silver coin clipping continued, and full-weight silver coins continued to be exported to the continent, where 21 shillings of silver could still get you more than a guinea's worth of gold (just over 7.6 grams/1/4 t.oz), and to Asia, especially India and China, often via the East India Company, where silver was even more valuable. The result was that silver was used for imports, and so left the country, while exports were traded for gold, which thus came into the country.All in all, some two-thirds of that Brazilian gold is thought to have ended up in England. Hundreds of tonnes in total.Britain had always been on a silver standard. A pound was a pound of sterling silver. “In all men's minds the only true money of the country was the silver coin,” said Sir John Craig, historian of the Mint. Although that Royal Proclamation suggested a bimetallic standard, in practice, with so much silver going abroad, it moved Britain from silver to its first gold standard. Gold was more dependable than clipped silver. The future would look back on Newton as the father of the gold standard. His system proved the bedrock of Britain's domestic and international trade through the 18th century, helping it to become such a formidable commercial power. But it was an accidental gold standard. Nobody—not the institutions nor the persons involved—had had the slightest intention of creating a new monetary system on gold. Most people wanted to sustain silver as the prime coinage of the land. Newton had tried to create a functioning bimetallic standard. But market forces had other ideas.In the 1770s there was another recoinage in Britain, which, in terms of sheer scale, was unprecedented. Some 155 tonnes/5 million t.oz of gold in total, perhaps 30 times greater than Newton's recoinage of 1696-9, greater than anything attempted by Spain or Venice, or even Rome. No attempt was made to recoin silver. It was a formal admission that Britain was now on a gold standard. Newton's accidental gold standard was formalised.Anno domini for goldThe second half of the 19th century proved the golden age of the gold rush. First California, then Australia, then New Zealand, then South Africa, then Western Australia, and finally the Klondike.Aside from taxation (see Daylight Robbery), it is difficult to think of anything more overlooked that has had a more profound influence on the course of human history than the gold rush. Nations, indeed civilisations, have been formed on the back of them. (The beneficial impact of gold discoveries in Northern Spain to the Roman Empire is dramatically understated, for example). The fifty years from January 24th, 1848, were perhaps the golden era of the gold rush. The date stands as a watershed moment, the dawn of a new golden age. You might say there are two histories of gold, one before and one after 1848, akin to a BC and AD moment in time. On that day a carpenter from New Jersey by the name of James Marshall saw something shiny at the bottom of a ditch while carrying out a routine inspection of a lumbar mill he was helping build on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada in California. The scale of the gold business changed out of all proportion. The amount of metal available changed beyond all recognition. Annual production rose fivefold in five years. The Paris Mint coined 150 million Napoléons D'Or in eight years from 1850-57, compared to 65 million in the preceding 50 years. The US Mint's output of gold eagles rose fivefold.The gold price should surely fall with all the new supply, feared bankers and economists. “The price must fall,” said the Economist, wrong about everything even then. The Times agreed. French economist Michel Chevalier wrote an entire book, On the Probable Fall in the Value of Gold. But the gold price did not fall. It stayed constant. Surprisingly perhaps, the biggest casualty of the gold rush, and the dramatic increase in gold supply, was silver. Silver had been money for thousands of years. Not for much longer. Its price halved. In 1850 only Britain, Portugal, Brazil, and a handful of other nations were on the gold standard. Everyone else was on bi-metallic standards. Come 1900 China was the only major nation not on a pure gold standard. Scarcely had the discoveries in California been made when the US began minting $1 and $20 gold coins, in addition to the $10 eagle. Before the discovery, the US Mint struck $4 million worth; in 1851 it minted over $62 million worth. Gold is “virtually the only currency of the country,” said a Congressman proposing a $3 gold coin in a debate in 1853. 1853 would also prove the last time silver dollars were struck, though they still circulated. In practical terms, if not nominal, the US was moving to a gold standard. Then the Coinage Act of 1873 eliminated the standard silver dollar altogether. The act became known as the Crime of 1873. There was a rearguard action, a “silver crusade” to get silver reinstated, especially as silver supply was now increasing thanks to discoveries in Nevada, Colorado, and Mexico. There was, thought some, a “deep-laid plot” engineered by a foreign conspiracy to increase the national debt, which would have to be paid in gold. Bimetallism became a central issue of the election of 1896, when an ambitious young Democrat by the name of William Jennings Bryan won the nomination that he thought would carry him to the presidency with what is widely regarded as one of the greatest speeches in American political history. “Thou shalt not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold,” he bellowed. But no.Gold rather than silver was now in the pockets of millions of people around the world. The increased gold supply effectively sent both France and the US onto gold standards, even though nominally they remained bimetallic (the US until 1900). The move from silver to gold gathered pace in Europe from the 1870s. In 1872-3 Germany launched its new mark, followed by Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and the Netherlands. France, Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy had signed up to a Latin bimetallic monetary union in 1865, which was undermined by the tumbling silver price, and they largely abandoned the silver part of the equation after 1874. By the end of the century, every major nation bar China was on a gold standard, the classical gold standard which Isaac Newton is credited with having designed.But that classical gold standard, that golden age of sound money for which many hard money advocates of today, including yours truly, pine, was not designed and planned, it was accidental.As a the poet Robert Burns wrote:But Mousie, thou art no thy-lane,In proving foresight may be vain:The best laid schemes o' Mice an' MenGang aft agleyThe modern system of fiat money by which we operate today is also accidental, evolving from political expediency, political pressure, technological developments, deficit spending, suppressed interest rates, misguided obsession with GDP, and more. Many, especially the powerful, have exploited it for their own ends, but nobody designed a system in which 99% of money is digital, in which 99% of money is debt, in which loss of purchasing power and Cantillon Effect are built in, which robs the young, the salaried, and the saver, which makes an increase in the wealth gap inevitable and so on. The modern system is clearly in its endgame. Better systems are emerging. But endgames last a long time.Enjoy this article? Please consider becoming a paid subscriber. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.theflyingfrisby.com/subscribe

A slightly-longer Sunday morning thought piece than usual today, but one that is well worth the effort I hope you'll discover.A reminder that:* This August I am going to the Edinburgh Fringe to do one of my “lectures with funny bits”. This one is all about the history of mining. As always, I shall be delivering it at Panmure House, where Adam Smith wrote Wealth of Nations. It's at 2pm most afternoons. Please come. Tickets here.* My first book and many readers' favourite, Life After the State - Why We Don't Need Government (2013), is now back in print - with the audiobook here: Audible UK, Audible US, Apple Books. I recommend the audiobook ;)Isaac Newton, who, along with William Shakespeare, Leonardo Da Vinci and Aristotle, must be one of the cleverest individuals to have ever lived, made groundbreaking contributions to physics, mathematics, optics, mechanics, philosophy and astronomy. The laws of motion, the theory of gravitation and the reflecting telescope were among his many contributions. He was also a brilliant alchemist, obsessed with theology and biblical prophecy. As if that isn't enough, he is credited with the design of the Gold Standard, the primary monetary system of the world for over two hundred years. Today we explore how this brilliant system was accidental.In 1695, counterfeit coins accounted for more than a tenth of all English money in circulation. Massive LOL: the English used the counterfeit coins, in particular, to pay their taxes. The Exchequer that year reported no more than ten good shillings for every hundred pounds of revenue. Coin clipping was also a major problem, especially of old coins, and silver coins were disappearing from circulation altogether. Silver was worth more on the continent as bullion than it was in the UK as tender, so arbitrageurs shipped coins abroad, melted them down, and sold them for gold. Everyone from the Jews to the French was blamed, but by 1695 it was almost impossible to find legal silver in circulation. It had all been melted down and sold.This all led to a scarcity of money, which inhibited trade. More damage was caused to the English nation in just one year by bad money than “by a quarter century of bad kings, bad Ministers, bad Parliaments and bad Judges”, said the historian Thomas Babington Macaulay.King William begged the House of Commons to respond to the crisis and, seeking help, Secretary of the Treasury, William Lowndes wrote letters to England's wisest men, asking their advice: among them, philosopher John Locke, architect Sir Christopher Wren, banker Sir Josiah Child, and scientist, Sir Isaac Newton.Newton was in his mid 40s and probably not far off the peak of his powers. He had published his most famous work, the Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, just eight years earlier in 1687, and it had established him as the smartest man in the country. He would now put his great mind to money.With the formation of the Bank of England the previous year, Newton had become aware of the possibilities of paper money. “If interest be not yet low enough for the advantage of trade,” he wrote, “the only proper way to lower it is more paper credit till by trading and business we can get more money.” He could see that token value and intrinsic value were not necessarily one and the same.It was also obvious to Newton that the currency criminals were rational actors. They would continue to clip, counterfeit, and sell abroad while there was profit in it. Bullion smuggling carried the death sentence, yet still it went on. Coercion alone would not be enough to stop it from happening. The market itself needed to be changed.He came up with two measures. First, to deal with the clipping, all coins minted prior to 1662 should be called in, melted down, and, using machines, re-made into coins that had a single consistent edge. With no more hand-hammered coins in circulation, clipping coins would become that much more difficult. Re-minting the entire country's coin, however, at a time of such primitive machinery, was no small undertaking. Second, to deal with the silver issue, the amount of silver in coins should be lowered so that the silver content and the face value of the coin were the same.The thought of such a devaluation went against the psyche. The idea that token value and intrinsic value might be different was alien and Newton's second proposal was not widely welcomed. There were 20 shillings to a pound, so a shilling should contain a concomitant amount of silver.  Newton may have thought that the token was more important than the silver content, but landowners and the government, which was largely made up of them, would lose 20% of their silver by Newton's proposal. In 1696 Parliament approved the recoinage, but stipulated the new coins maintain the old weights. Newton warned that the silver outflow would continue.The following year, nudged by John Locke, Charles Montague, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, sent Newton a letter notifying him that the King intended to make him Warden of the Mint. So began his new career. Perhaps the role was only intended as a sinecure, but Newton took it very seriously.Putting his chemical and mathematical knowledge to good use, Newton got the Mint's machines working and the coins minted at a speed that defied the predictions of even the boldest optimist and, as an industrial operation, Newton's recoinage was an enormous success. Newton would also have to learn the skills of a policeman—both investigator and interrogator—and he proved masterful. This ruthless enforcer of the law, oversaw numerous investigations, exposing frauds, and then prosecuting perpetrators. Poor counterfeiters had no idea what they were up against, and many were sent to the gallows for their crimes.So good at the job of Warden was Newton that, in 1699, he was promoted and made Master of the Royal Mint, and after the Union between England and Scotland in 1707, Newton directed a Scottish recoinage that would lead to a new currency for the new Kingdom of Great Britain.He had solved the clipping issue, the counterfeiting issue was vastly improved, but silver was still making its way across the Channel, just as Newton had said it would. As long as the silver content exceeded the face value of the coins, the trade would continue. By 1715, almost all of the coins that Newton had struck between 1696 and 1699 had left t he country.Newton's studies had moved on from tides, planetary motions, and pendulums to the gold markets. He drew up an extensive table of assays of foreign coins and in doing so realised that gold was cheaper in the new markets opening up in Asia than in Europe, and thus that silver was not just being sucked out of England, but out of Europe itself to India and China where it was traded for gold.Meanwhile, the world's next great gold rush had started.If you are interested in buying gold, check out my recent report. I have a feeling it is going to come in very handy in the not-too-distant future.My recommended bullion dealer is the Pure Gold Company.World gold output doublesSome time in 1694 Portuguese deserters had found alluvial gold two hundred miles inland from Rio De Janeiro in Minas Gerais in Brazil. Soon everyone was flocking there, “white, coloured, black, Amerindian, men and women; young and old; poor and rich; nobles and commoners; laymen and clergy,” said a Jesuit priest who lived in the area. By 1724, within just three decades of the discovery, world output had doubled. By 1750, 65% of global production was emanating from Brazil. The gold made its way to Lisbon, along with sugar, tobacco and other Brazilian products - similar amounts to that which the Conquistadors had sent back to Spain the previous century - and with it the Portuguese minted their moidores coins.The Portuguese used their gold to buy English cereal crops, beef and fish, woollen goods, manufactured articles, and luxuries. Portugal imported five times as much from England as it exported to it, and it used its gold to settle the difference. The moidores, which weighed slightly more than an English guinea, worth 28 shillings, actually became currency, especially in the west country, where there were more of them than local coins. “We hardly have any money,” wrote an Exeter man in 1713, “but Portugal gold.” In London, the Bank of England began buying vast amounts of gold, “to be coined as it comes in” and the Mint began minting guineas from the moidores. By 1715 the Bank had 800 kg/25,700 t.oz, a nascent central bank reserve, and this figure would rise would to 15.5 tonnes/500,000 t.oz by 1730. So much gold coin had never been minted before and London soon overtook Amsterdam as the foremost precious metals market. Gold was coming and staying. Silver was leaving for Asia. In 1717 Newton was called on to investigate.He came up with a new system and outlined it in a report to the Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury in September 1717. Less than three months later there was a Royal Proclamation that forbade the exchange of gold guineas for more than 21 silver shillings - even if they were clipped or underweight. Thus was a guinea just over a pound, which was 20 shillings, or 113 grains of gold. The ratio of gold to silver was effectively set at roughly 1:15.5.But silver coin clipping continued, and full-weight silver coins continued to be exported to the continent, where 21 shillings of silver could still get you more than a guinea's worth of gold (just over 7.6 grams/1/4 t.oz), and to Asia, especially India and China, often via the East India Company, where silver was even more valuable. The result was that silver was used for imports, and so left the country, while exports were traded for gold, which thus came into the country.All in all, some two-thirds of that Brazilian gold is thought to have ended up in England. Hundreds of tonnes in total.Britain had always been on a silver standard. A pound was a pound of sterling silver. “In all men's minds the only true money of the country was the silver coin,” said Sir John Craig, historian of the Mint. Although that Royal Proclamation suggested a bimetallic standard, in practice, with so much silver going abroad, it moved Britain from silver to its first gold standard. Gold was more dependable than clipped silver. The future would look back on Newton as the father of the gold standard. His system proved the bedrock of Britain's domestic and international trade through the 18th century, helping it to become such a formidable commercial power. But it was an accidental gold standard. Nobody—not the institutions nor the persons involved—had had the slightest intention of creating a new monetary system on gold. Most people wanted to sustain silver as the prime coinage of the land. Newton had tried to create a functioning bimetallic standard. But market forces had other ideas.In the 1770s there was another recoinage in Britain, which, in terms of sheer scale, was unprecedented. Some 155 tonnes/5 million t.oz of gold in total, perhaps 30 times greater than Newton's recoinage of 1696-9, greater than anything attempted by Spain or Venice, or even Rome. No attempt was made to recoin silver. It was a formal admission that Britain was now on a gold standard. Newton's accidental gold standard was formalised.Anno domini for goldThe second half of the 19th century proved the golden age of the gold rush. First California, then Australia, then New Zealand, then South Africa, then Western Australia, and finally the Klondike.Aside from taxation (see Daylight Robbery), it is difficult to think of anything more overlooked that has had a more profound influence on the course of human history than the gold rush. Nations, indeed civilisations, have been formed on the back of them. (The beneficial impact of gold discoveries in Northern Spain to the Roman Empire is dramatically understated, for example). The fifty years from January 24th, 1848, were perhaps the golden era of the gold rush. The date stands as a watershed moment, the dawn of a new golden age. You might say there are two histories of gold, one before and one after 1848, akin to a BC and AD moment in time. On that day a carpenter from New Jersey by the name of James Marshall saw something shiny at the bottom of a ditch while carrying out a routine inspection of a lumbar mill he was helping build on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada in California. The scale of the gold business changed out of all proportion. The amount of metal available changed beyond all recognition. Annual production rose fivefold in five years. The Paris Mint coined 150 million Napoléons D'Or in eight years from 1850-57, compared to 65 million in the preceding 50 years. The US Mint's output of gold eagles rose fivefold.The gold price should surely fall with all the new supply, feared bankers and economists. “The price must fall,” said the Economist, wrong about everything even then. The Times agreed. French economist Michel Chevalier wrote an entire book, On the Probable Fall in the Value of Gold. But the gold price did not fall. It stayed constant. What the Times, the Economist and Chevalier had all failed to appreciate was that most of the gold would use as money, and that trade, exchange and economic expansion would be the result.Surprisingly perhaps, the biggest casualty of the gold rush was silver. Silver had been money for thousands of years. Not for much longer. Its price halved. In 1850 only Britain, Portugal, Brazil, and a handful of other nations were on the gold standard. Everyone else was on bi-metallic standards. Come 1900 China was the only major nation not on a pure gold standard. Scarcely had the discoveries in California been made when the US began minting $1 and $20 gold coins, in addition to the $10 eagle. Before the discovery, the US Mint struck $4 million worth; in 1851 it minted over $62 million worth. Gold is “virtually the only currency of the country,” said a Congressman proposing a $3 gold coin in a debate in 1853. 1853 would also prove the last time silver dollars were struck, though they still circulated. In practical terms, if not nominal, the US was moving to a gold standard. Then the Coinage Act of 1873 eliminated the standard silver dollar altogether. The act became known as the Crime of 1873. There was a rearguard action, a “silver crusade” to get silver reinstated, especially as silver supply was now increasing thanks to discoveries in Nevada, Colorado, and Mexico. There was, thought some, a “deep-laid plot” engineered by a foreign conspiracy to increase the national debt, which would have to be paid in gold. Bimetallism became a central issue of the election of 1896, when an ambitious young Democrat by the name of William Jennings Bryan won the nomination that he thought would carry him to the presidency with what is widely regarded as one of the greatest speeches in American political history. “Thou shalt not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold,” he bellowed. But no.Gold rather than silver was now in the pockets of millions of people around the world. The increased gold supply effectively sent both France and the US onto gold standards, even though nominally they remained bimetallic (the US until 1900). The move from silver to gold gathered pace in Europe from the 1870s. In 1872-3 Germany launched its new mark, followed by Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and the Netherlands. France, Belgium, Switzerland, and Italy had signed up to a Latin bimetallic monetary union in 1865, which was undermined by the tumbling silver price, and they largely abandoned the silver part of the equation after 1874. By the end of the century, every major nation bar China was on a gold standard, the classical gold standard which Isaac Newton is credited with having designed.But that classical gold standard, that golden age of sound money for which many hard money advocates of today, including yours truly, pine, was not designed and planned, it was accidental.As a the poet Robert Burns wrote:But Mousie, thou art no thy-lane,In proving foresight may be vain:The best laid schemes o' Mice an' MenGang aft agleyThe modern system of fiat money by which we operate today is also accidental, evolving from political expediency, political pressure, technological developments, deficit spending, suppressed interest rates, misguided obsession with GDP, and more. Many, especially the powerful, have exploited it for their own ends, but nobody designed a system in which 99% of money is digital, in which 99% of money is debt, in which loss of purchasing power and Cantillon Effect are built in, which robs the young, the salaried, and the saver, which makes an increase in the wealth gap inevitable and so on. The modern system is clearly in its endgame. Better systems are emerging. But endgames last a long time.Enjoy this article? Please consider becoming a paid subscriber. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.theflyingfrisby.com/subscribe

Rehoboam enjoyed prosperity for three years -2 Chronicles 11-13-17-.--Then he and all Israel with him abandoned the law of the LORD -2 Chronicles 12-1-.--Because they had been unfaithful to the LORD, he authorized Shishak king of Egypt to attack Jerusalem in the fifth year of King Rehoboam -2 Chronicles 12-2-. And God stated, -You have abandoned me- therefore, I now abandon you to Shishak.-' -2 Chronicles 12-5---The leaders of Israel and the king humbled themselves and said, 'The LORD is just' -2 Chronicles 12-6-. That is the beginning of getting things right.--However, the Lord wanted them to learn the difference between serving him and serving the kings of other lands -2 Chronicles 12-7-8-.--Because the LORD was to be Israel's King, asking for a worldly king was rejecting the LORD -1 Samuel 8-7-9-. --After Shishak took the gold shields, Rehoboam replaced them with bronze -2 Chronicles 12-10-11-, maintaining the appearance of prosperity for most people. --Do you know about the Coinage Act of 1965, or what happened when President Nixon disconnected the dollar from the price of gold in 1971, when gold was valued at -35 an ounce and the American dollar was the world's reserve currency----Consider how denominations that once were solidly committed to the gospel and the Bible have traded their gold for brass.--Is there any area in your life where you are maintaining an appearance of spiritual prosperity, but your gold has been replaced with brass--

Rehoboam enjoyed prosperity for three years -2 Chronicles 11-13-17-.--Then he and all Israel with him abandoned the law of the LORD -2 Chronicles 12-1-.--Because they had been unfaithful to the LORD, he authorized Shishak king of Egypt to attack Jerusalem in the fifth year of King Rehoboam -2 Chronicles 12-2-. And God stated, -You have abandoned me- therefore, I now abandon you to Shishak.-' -2 Chronicles 12-5---The leaders of Israel and the king humbled themselves and said, 'The LORD is just' -2 Chronicles 12-6-. That is the beginning of getting things right.--However, the Lord wanted them to learn the difference between serving him and serving the kings of other lands -2 Chronicles 12-7-8-.--Because the LORD was to be Israel's King, asking for a worldly king was rejecting the LORD -1 Samuel 8-7-9-. --After Shishak took the gold shields, Rehoboam replaced them with bronze -2 Chronicles 12-10-11-, maintaining the appearance of prosperity for most people. --Do you know about the Coinage Act of 1965, or what happened when President Nixon disconnected the dollar from the price of gold in 1971, when gold was valued at -35 an ounce and the American dollar was the world's reserve currency----Consider how denominations that once were solidly committed to the gospel and the Bible have traded their gold for brass.--Is there any area in your life where you are maintaining an appearance of spiritual prosperity, but your gold has been replaced with brass--

Rehoboam enjoyed prosperity for three years (2 Chronicles 11:13-17).Then he and all Israel with him abandoned the law of the LORD (2 Chronicles 12:1).Because they had been unfaithful to the LORD, he authorized Shishak king of Egypt to attack Jerusalem in the fifth year of King Rehoboam (2 Chronicles 12:2). And God stated, "You have abandoned me; therefore, I now abandon you to Shishak."' (2 Chronicles 12:5)The leaders of Israel and the king humbled themselves and said, 'The LORD is just' (2 Chronicles 12:6). That is the beginning of getting things right.However, the Lord wanted them to learn the difference between serving him and serving the kings of other lands (2 Chronicles 12:7-8).Because the LORD was to be Israel's King, asking for a worldly king was rejecting the LORD (1 Samuel 8:7-9). After Shishak took the gold shields, Rehoboam replaced them with bronze (2 Chronicles 12:10-11), maintaining the appearance of prosperity for most people. Do you know about the Coinage Act of 1965, or what happened when President Nixon disconnected the dollar from the price of gold in 1971, when gold was valued at $35 an ounce and the American dollar was the world's reserve currency?Consider how denominations that once were solidly committed to the gospel and the Bible have traded their gold for brass.Is there any area in your life where you are maintaining an appearance of spiritual prosperity, but your gold has been replaced with brass?

Today's avatar courtesy of Wikipedia - "Twenty Walking Liberty half dollars (left), which contain 90% silver. In an example of Gresham's law, these coins were quickly hoarded by the public after the Coinage Act of 1965 debased half dollars to contain only 40% silver, and then were debased entirely in 1971 to base cupronickel (right)." Today's factoid -- Memo to POSITV Stalag 17 depicts life in a prisoner of war camp, NOT a "death camp" -- Typically the Luftwaffe (read military) was responsible.  Banjo music courtesy of Banjo HangOut,  Waiting For The Robert E. Lee.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 619, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: Female Flyers 1: On August 1, 1911 Harriet Quimby became the first American woman to get one of these. Pilot's license. 2: "Charlie", now in the Smithsonian, was the plane in which Flying Angel Geraldine Mock did this in 29 days in 1964. Circumnavigate the globe. 3: Anne Spencer Morrow's first date with this man, her future husband, was a flying lesson. Charles Lindbergh. 4: Some say Ruth Law was the first woman to perform this big circle trick, others say it was Katharine Stinson. Loop-the-loop. 5: Geraldyn Cobb began testing to get into this program in 1960; after besting many of the men, she wasn't allowed in. Space/astronaut program. Round 2. Category: The Circulatory System 1: Carbon dioxide is swapped for oxygen in the alveoli of these organs. lungs. 2: Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of this poisonous metal. mercury. 3: When the heart's atria contract, blood flows from the right atrium into the right this. ventricle. 4: The plasma globulin called transferrin transports this ferric material. iron. 5: These tiny bits of cytoplasm lacking nuclei are there to gang up in clots. platelets. Round 3. Category: It's A Living 1: Donna Karan,Mossimo. a fashion designer. 2: Aka custodians, they may use the supplies of the Cintas Corp., which sponsors an award for the one of the year. janitors. 3: A specialized job in a police force, CSI stands for this, just like on TV. crime scene investigator ("crime scene investigation" accepted). 4: In 1968 a U.S. craft with this name, also George Washington's pre-military occupation, landed on the moon. Surveyor. 5: 2-word term for one who studies the plant and animal life of the oceans. marine biologist. Round 4. Category: Money, Money, Money 1: In 1792 Congress passed the Coinage Act, which authorized construction of a mint in this city. Philadelphia. 2: In 1994 a portrait of this author whose father went to debtor's prison was put on the British 10-pound note. Charles Dickens. 3: From 1792 to 1873 the U.S. issued silver 5-cent coins called not nickels but "half" these. dimes. 4: Iraq's 25-dinar note features Saddam Hussein on the front and this ancient city's Ishtar Gate on the back. Babylon. 5: Unit of currency used by the greatest number of Arab countries. dinar. Round 5. Category: House Standing Committees 1: There's a committee for this size of business. a small business. 2: Transportation and Infrastructure is one committee; this and Means, another. Ways. 3: There's a Permanent Select Committee on this headed by Porter Goss; how smart!. Intelligence. 4: The name of a small committee says it covers the "standards of official" this for House members. conduct. 5: C.W. Bill Young has a tendency to pass out (money) as chairman of this committee. Appropriations. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia! Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/

Join us as we explore God's ancient wisdom and apply it to our modern lives. His word is as current and relevant today as it was when he inspired its authors more than two and a half millennia ago. The websites where you can reach us are alittlewalkwithgod.com, richardagee.com, or saf.church. I hope you will join us every week and be sure to let us know how you enjoy the podcast and let others know about it, too. Thanks for listening. Thanks for joining me today for "A Little Walk with God." I'm your host Richard Agee. We can find our nation's motto in a lot of places – on our coins and bills, on government buildings, in several federal department and state seals. It has been around for almost two centuries, first embellishing the one-cent coin in 1837 and becoming part of all our coins in 1873. It became the United States' official motto under President Eisenhower in 1956 and has been on our paper money since 1957. At the passage of the Coinage Act in 1873, the country still reeled from the effects of the Civil War. We needed a reminder that God remained as the guiding light from whom all things would prosper and proceed after a war that killed more Americans than any other. We needed to remember our real treasure didn't reside in money or wealth or property but God. So by putting "In God We Trust" on our coins and bills, every time we paid for an item, we are reminded God provides, not the government, or our jobs, or some other tangible or intangible force we might presume gives aid. God is the source of our strength and success. Many have tried to remove the words from our currency from the first day it appeared. To date, all attempts have failed. I'm afraid it won't be long until those opposed to God will soon succeed to the detriment of the nation, but as Christians, we need to continue to press to keep the motto alive across the land for as long as possible. Our heritage lies in the providence of God's grace. Were all our founding fathers Christian? No. As many point out, some were deists; some were atheists. But many did claim Jesus as their Lord and Savior. The reason for the several groups' departure from the European continent certainly involved escape from religious persecution. Others wanted to take advantage of the prospect of new lands for development, the potential for finding rare minerals, power, and a host of other reasons. However, the earliest settlers from Europe came seeking religious freedom, as seen by the early charters within their settlements. What can we learn from them? Perhaps the most important lesson, trust in God. I'm reminded of those words as I read the lectionary for this week from Psalms 25: Make me to know your ways, O LORD; teach me your paths. Lead me in your truth, and teach me, for you are the God of my salvation; for you I wait all day long. Be mindful of your mercy, O LORD, and of your steadfast love, for they have been from of old. Do not remember the sins of my youth or my transgressions; according to your steadfast love remember me, for your goodness' sake, O LORD! Good and upright is the LORD; therefore he instructs sinners in the way. He leads the humble in what is right, and teaches the humble his way. All the paths of the LORD are steadfast love and faithfulness, for those who keep his covenant and his decrees. (Psalms 25:4-10 NIV) Lord, teach me. We become so arrogant in our seeming knowledge, but we know so little. If we had real wisdom, we would face the mess we find ourselves in today with its racial strife, the enormous political divide, the clashes between socioeconomic or ethnic groups. We would not create such misunderstanding between people because of disparities in material or immaterial things that might cause those disparities. If we had real wisdom, we would work together in community to help each other, lift each other, encourage each other, strengthen each other, understand each other. So, my prayer is to teach me, Lord. Help me know your paths. Somehow get through my thick head, and lead me in your truth, not what some party or newscast or social media writer might want me to hear, but rather, lead me in your truth. I know that only your truth can save me from myself and from the evil that surrounds me. That's what the psalmist knows, and that's what I am learning daily from God's truth recorded in his word. I like the way "The Voice" renders the next verses. "Gracious Eternal One, remember Your compassion; rekindle Your concern and love, which have always been part of Your actions toward those who are Yours. Do not hold against me the sins I committed when I was young; instead, deal with me according to Your mercy and love. Then Your goodness may be demonstrated in all the world, Eternal one." (Ps 25:6-7 The Voice) I am so glad God doesn't give me what I deserve, but rather, in his compassion, his mercy, and love, which have always been part of his actions toward his children – humanity – he extends his grace instead. He forgives our sins. He forgets our transgressions. He wipes away the wrongs we commit against him because he is good and merciful and loving. But God doesn't leave us at that point. He doesn't abandon us at the point of forgiveness. Instead, God instructs us to live right. He teaches us to live honorably. God leads us down paths that will benefit us and keep his reputation and name clean and clear. The humble find themselves lifted by God's teaching. But what does humility mean? I think the best definition I've heard is not thinking less of yourself, but not think more of yourself, either. Remember that you are a child of the King, but only because the King died on the cross for you. So, where does all of this put us? I think it's time to pay attention to our motto. Whenever you pick up a coin or lay a bill on the counter to pay for something, remember where to put your trust. Faith in money doesn't work. There will never be enough to do everything you want to do. We will probably never pay off those trillions of dollars we owe that keep growing every day. The government won't fix things. For 245 years, the government has tried but has never succeeded in making life better for everyone. Someone always gets the short end of the stick. Social change doesn't make a difference. The change will benefit one group but harm another; it always does. Our only hope for the future comes from putting our trust in God. The psalmist knew it. The Secretary of Treasury Salmon P. Chase knew it in 1861. President Eisenhower knew it in 1956. As believers, we know it today. We need to show by our actions that we believe it, though. Read God's word. Soak your mind in it. Let it become part of your life. Act on it as you let God's Spirit work through your life to show his love in a world desperate for something more than what they get every day through their standard fare. Make a difference because of what you learn in and through Jesus, the Messiah, the true King of this world. You can find me at richardagee.com. I also invite you to join us at San Antonio First Church of the Nazarene on West Avenue in San Antonio to hear more Bible-based teaching. You can find out more about my church at SAF.church. Thanks for listening. If you enjoyed it, tell a friend. If you didn't, send me an email and let me know how better to reach out to those around you. Until next week, may God richly bless you as you venture into His story each day. Scriptures marked NIV are taken from the NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION (NIV): Scripture taken from THE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION ®. Copyright© 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™. Used by permission of Zondervan Scriptures marked THE VOICE are taken from the THE VOICE (The Voice): Scripture taken from THE VOICE ™. Copyright© 2008 by Ecclesia Bible Society. Used by permission. All rights reserved.  

If you are seeking guidance, facts, and empirical evidence regarding the Dollar and the FED, this is a must watch video for you. We realize that this is not the common vocabulary of citizens. The reason we bring this to your attention because we DONT' want you to be average. You deserve better and you deserve the truth. And never, ever allow facts to confuse you. Please share with your family and friends. 1792 Coinage Act: www.usmint.gov/learn/history/his…t-of-april-2-1792 Watch: My conversation with FED and BEP: www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XEKv4OjJhQ Proven and Probable Where we deliver Mining Insights & Bullion Sales. I’m a licensed broker for Miles Franklin Precious Metals Investments (www.milesfranklin.com/contact/) Where we provide unlimited options to expand your precious metals portfolio, from physical deliver, offshore depositories, and precious metals IRA’s. Call me directly at (855) 505-1900 or you may email maurice@milesfranklin.com. Proven and Probable provides insights on mining companies, junior miners, gold mining stocks, uranium, silver, platinum, zinc & copper mining stocks, silver and gold bullion in Canada, the US, Australia and beyond.

If you are seeking guidance, facts, and empirical evidence regarding the Dollar and the FED, this is a must watch video for you. We realize that this is not the common vocabulary of citizens. The reason we bring this to your attention because we DONT' want you to be average. You deserve better and you deserve the truth. And never, ever allow facts to confuse you. Please share with your family and friends. 1792 Coinage Act: https://www.usmint.gov/learn/history/historical-documents/coinage-act-of-april-2-1792 Watch: My conversation with FED and BEP: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XEKv4OjJhQ Proven and Probable Where we deliver Mining Insights & Bullion Sales. I’m a licensed broker for Miles Franklin Precious Metals Investments (https://www.milesfranklin.com/contact/) Where we provide unlimited options to expand your precious metals portfolio, from physical deliver, offshore depositories, and precious metals IRA’s. Call me directly at (855) 505-1900 or you may email maurice@milesfranklin.com. Proven and Probable provides insights on mining companies, junior miners, gold mining stocks, uranium, silver, platinum, zinc & copper mining stocks, silver and gold bullion in Canada, the US, Australia and beyond.

Today in history: 2001: A Space Odyssey has it's world premiere. Pope John Paul II dies. John Gotti convicted. Coinage Act passed.

I talk about the coinage act, federal reserve, water privatization, politics, globalization, stimulus package, illness update, and Norm MacDonald.Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/bePatron?u=27828609&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fdowngradeandafterl.wixsite.com%2Fkylewilley&utm_medium=widget&utm_source=wix)

04/01/2019 God Is In Control- Exodus 14-The Miracle of Israels Exodus, Pharaohs Destruction And The Power of Gods Word & The Inevitable Financial Meltdown From Mans Abandonment of Gods Word & Economic System. Build Your Private Gold Standard While You Still Can!!!   When it was time for God to begin the process and story of the Israelites, he used the cruelty and self-proclaimed deification of Pharaoh combined with a simple man names Moses who was miraculously saved from the icy heartless destructive crutches of Pharaoh who began a campaign of ruthless genocide, demanding the midwives to kill all new-born males by casting them into the river nile which was, ironically, the supplier of life for the Egyptians. Moses is rescued and “ironically” directed by Pharaohs own daughter to act as a wet nurse and raise moses-her own son up as an infant. What an absolute blessing and impossibility orchestrated by God.  God preserved Moses for a very special day and a very special act that was to lead to the freeing of the Israelites. After 400 years in captivity, the Israelites were terrified of the Egyptians and fled aggressively, however, they were directed by God to camp in a special spot where God new they would be easily discovered by Pharaohs army. Once Pharaohs army came after them, God told Moses to push them toward the Red Sea where God used natural processes to open a literal valley across the sea for the Israelites to pass. Once the army began pursuing them, God confused them and they began swerving and riding their chariots randomly around, not knowing where to go or what to do. Soon thereafter, the Israelites eventually reached dry land and every person in Pharaohs army was destroyed.   God intentionally hardened pharaohs heart to extricate them and then, once he realized his lack of slaves left him powerless in every way, he went to recover them. This was after Moses had clearly shown pharaoh who God was. Pharaohs arrogance and hardness of heart lead to his own destruction, ultimately weakening his entire empire. Various calendars debate the exact dates of these events but the Hebrew Calendar and evidence of a complete & immediate abandonment of the palace district  coincides well with the stories of exodus, the plagues and death of the pharaoh Amenhotep II. It is believed that Amenhotep !! was immediately replaced with another pharaoh with the same name “AMenhotep IIA”   to hide or deny the events that too place during the exodus.    According to: Bryant G. Wood, ABR Director of Research, principal archaeologist and director of ABR’s excavation at Khirbet el-Maqatir. He has a MS in Nuclear Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, a MA in Biblical History from the University of Michigan, and a PhD in Syro-Palestinian Archaeology from the University of Toronto. “The boastful and arrogant attitude of Amenhotep IIA matches that of the Pharaoh of the Exodus described in the Bible. When Moses first confronted the Egyptian king, his response was, “Who is the Lord, that I should obey him and let Israel go? I do not know the Lord and I will not let Israel go” (Ex 5:2). His cruelty can be seen in his withholding the straw the Israelites needed for making mud bricks (Ex 5:6–9). In addition, he was stubborn and went back on his word on numerous occasions. Even after the death of the first-born, when he finally let the Israelites go, he reneged and pursued them. In spite of his human strength and abilities, Amenhotep IIA and his army were no match for the God of Israel. The residency was suddenly abandoned during the reign of Amenhotep II, with no known reason: The palace district was probably abandoned after the reign of Amenophis II [=Amenhotep II]…The reason for the abandonment of this district, and, presumably, the entire city adjoining the district on the south is an unsolved puzzle at this time. Its solution would be of the greatest importance to historians. The suggestion that the peaceful foreign policy of the late reign of Amenophis II and Tuthmose IV made this militarily important settlement unnecessary is not convincing. A plague, such as the one documented for Avaris in the late Middle Kingdom, and associated with Avaris in later tradition, appears to be the most likely solution of this problem, although it cannot be proven at this time (Bietak and Forstner-Müller 2005: 93, 95; translation by ABR Board member Walter Pasedag). Although Egyptian history does not provide an answer for this abandonment, Exodus 7–14 certainly does. As a result of the 10 plagues and the death of Pharaoh in the Sea of Reeds Perunefer became an unsuitable, or undesirable, place to live. With the Israelites and their God gone, it appears that the Egyptians quickly put a new Pharaoh on the throne, gave him the same name as the previous Pharaoh, and tried to put things back to normal, including making sure that none of these events were recorded in the history books.”   04/01/2019 True Wealth Radio Precious Metals and Financial Opinion: This 04/01/2019 True Wealth Radio show covered the biblical exodus account in relatively extensive detail. In addition, it also briefly touched on the importance of protecting your wealth in hard assets to protect against a total and complete financial meltdown which is inevitable unless drastic changes are made immediately. The real problem is that the current generation has no clue that the unsound monetary policy by all world governments, cresting fiat currency like wild-fire t will combined with an unsustainable fiat based fractional reserve banking system that has facilitated the creation and accumulation of insurmountable quantities of debt. The only real solutions to avoiding an inevitable financial meltdown are to eliminate the following: *Federal reserve bank-Must be replaced with a return to the gold backed money demanded in the US Constitution and Coinage Act of 1792. HOWEVER, WE SHOULD ALL IMMEDIATELY TAKE THIS STEP INDIVIDUALLY NOW. *Eliminate Debts-Nationally this may require a default on debts and non-life threatening social entitlements. Most likely this will continue to be felt with hyper-inflation rather than default. The 2 are identical while one is virtually transparent. The government should operate just as a family in a personal financial crisis. *Eliminate Derivatives Altogether-These currently exceed $1Quadrillion. Guaranteed economic explosion.  Eliminate Long-term Politicians-Term Limits. Career Politicians behave for re-election alone. New transparent Tax System based on consumption alone. Could easily lead to a 100% tax increase leading to lower tax rates. *Eliminate money creation by politicians and/or private corporations. As per the Article 1. Section 8 of the constitutional directives, only congress should be able allowed to create money-backed only by gold & silver, and equalled only by what is taxed revenue. Eliminate Bretton-Woods Act and all fiat currencies worldwide. Other countries could and would use our money again. Money must be trusted and fungible. Gold & Silver or hard-fungible-assets only. Precious metals are uniform, globally recognized. compact, transportable and (in general) immediately liquid anywhere at anytime in the world. Precious metals have served as money from the beginning of written human history. Written by Kevin Wolter, President of COINSPlus, Spokane, WA, 509-444-0044.

David Morgan sits down with Maurice Jackson. It is critical to understand the difference between money and currency. Over time systems get corrupted and we wind up with a fiat based currency system. A Federal Reserve Note is not a dollar as defined by the Constitution and the Coinage Act of 1792. Real money has a value in and of itself. All fiat monetary systems always fail. The 1913 dollar is worth 3 cents. The Federal Reserve has had a history of failure. How much further do we have to fail? 

On this episode of The Coin Show we discuss the history of the New Orleans Mint, the Coinage Act of 1965 and the Coolest Thing to Walk Into Matt's Shop This Week as well as give you our take on the news of the day.