Podcasts about Arve

Hør Arve Kjær, regionleder i Telemark fortelle om sin vei fra å jobbe i posten til å jobbe med mennesker. Videre om hans rolle nå som pårørende, og hvor han henter styrke, samtidig hvordan han bruker sin tid i rollen som regionleder. 

durée : 00:02:47 - A Contamine sur Arve, Jean Paul vient de publier son 35ème livre Vous aimez ce podcast ? Pour écouter tous les autres épisodes sans limite, rendez-vous sur Radio France.

Kan vi tjene penger på søppel? Eller vent - råvarer! I denne episoden tar vi et dypdykk i sirkulær økonomi med Elin Schjenken Halvorsen fra Hovinbyen Sirkulære Oslo og Bjørn Arve Ofstad fra NG Nordic. Hva skal til for å bygge en økonomi der ingenting kastes og alt får nytt liv? Og hvordan går vi fra 2 til 50 prosent gjenbruk i Norge?

14.09.2025 | Søndagsmøte på Fossnes

Rio Ngumoha lever tenåringsdrømmen, Florian Wirtz har litt å gå på, og hvem skal spille venstreback mot Arsenal?Mari Lunde har med seg Arve Vassbotten og Tore Hansen for en prat om søndagens storkamp.Tikk takk, tikk takk, klokka tikker, overgangsvinduet stenger snart, og Liverpool burde ikke være ferdig med handlingen. Har man satset for hardt på Alexander Isak?Tore og Arve får i tillegg oppgaven med å sette opp en ellever med to spillere fra hvert av de andre «seks store» klubbene som skal spille foran Alisson Becker i et super-lag. Det ble vanskelig. Se lagene deres under. Her er temaene:00:00 Intro00:50 Rio og tenåringsdrømmer08:30 Kommende superstjerne13:00 Forventninger til Arsenal-kampen19:30 Tøff start for Konate27:30 Robertson eller Kerkez?33:10 Høyrebacken35:30 Kan Wirtz benkes?41:20 Federico Chiesas nye vår46:00 Arsenals pengebruk51:00 Oppgave: plukk to spillere fra de andre «topp seks» og lag et uslåelig lag55:00 Har man gjort en Isak-tabbe?01:00:00 Van Dijk etter taklingen01:04:00 Jota-kritikk Tores lag: Alisson, James, Saliba, de Ven, Udogie, Rodri, Fernandes, Rice, Palmer, Haaland, Mbeumo.Arves lag: Alisson, Porro, Saliba, De Ligt, Cucurello, Rodri, Fernandes, Palhinha, Saka, Haaland, PalmerIntromusikk Pausepraten: The Epic 2 by Rafael Krux Link: https://filmmusic.io/song/5384-the-epic-2- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Music promoted on https://www.chosic.com/free-music/all/ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hva rører seg i HR-Norge akkurat nå? I årets første episode etter sommeren får du et dypdykk i HR-meldingen 2025, en av de største HR-undersøkelsene i landet. Arve Kvalsvik fra Evidente og Anne Lise Heide fra Leonda deler ferske funn og refleksjoner fra undersøkelsen – og gir deg konkrete råd om hvordan du kan bruke innsikten i egen HR-strategi.Du får blant annet høre: 

Três artistas brasileiros se apresentam juntos numa mesma exposição em Genebra, na Suíça. A mostra “Dichotomie”, que reúne obras de Christina Oiticica, TxaTxu Pataxó e fotografias de Sergio Zalis, tratam da ancestralidade, da natureza e da conexão simbólica. A RFI entrevistou os três no novo espaço dedicado às artes da Fundação que leva o nome do escritor Paulo Coelho e da mulher dele, a artista plástica Christina Oiticica.  Valéria Maniero, correspondente da RFI em Genebra, na SuíçaChristina conta que o projeto está sendo feito há seis anos. Primeiro, ela pintou os quadros em Genebra, depois os enterrou na margem do rio Arve. Em seguida, enviou as telas para o artista Pataxó Txa Txu, de 26 anos, da Aldeia Porto do Boi, localizada no território Indígena de Aldeia Barra Velha, em Caraíva, sul da Bahia. Txa Txu desenvolve a arte do grafismo Pataxó e trabalhou em parceria com Christina. “Ele fez a interferência e enterrou na aldeia dele, embaixo de uma árvore muito poderosa, um pé de gameleira, que tem as raízes super profundas. Aí, ficou trabalhando lá”, explica a artista plástica, que é referência em LandArt e já enterrou obras em lugares como Japão, Índia, Brasil e Suíça. Raízes brasileiras na vida e nas telas  A RFI perguntou à artista plástica se essa mostra, que inaugura um novo espaço dedicado a exposições da Fundação Paulo Coelho e Christina Oiticica, tinha muito de Brasil. Ela também falou sobre as mensagens que as pinturas, grafismos e fotografias queriam passar. “Nós somos brasileiros. Moro aqui na Europa há uns 25 anos e esses trabalhos são as nossas raízes. As minhas raízes são brasileiras. São muito simbólicos esses desenhos tribais que os indígenas tatuam na pele quando têm ritual de matrimônio, de guerra, de batizado. E são trabalhos muito preciosos para mim. Quando eu mandei lá para o Sul da Bahia, para o Txa Txu, ele também sentiu uma coisa muito forte”, disse. Segundo ela, “Dichotomie” é um convite à contemplação de metades que não se opõem, mas que se completam em harmonia. “São partes que dialogam e se fundem para formar um todo vivo, pulsante e sagrado'.  Txa Txu: “uma honra mostrar a cultura indígena”A RFI também conversou com Txa Txu, que falou sobre a sua participação na mostra e o que representava para ele estar na Suíça, apresentando o seu trabalho.“É uma honra, não só para mim, mas para o meu povo, estar mostrando o grafismo do povo pataxó, que é uma cultura de muita resistência. Quando eu recebi as telas lá no meu território, foi um momento de nós estarmos em conexão com a mãe natureza, porque as telas ficaram enterradas no pé de uma árvore muito poderosa para o povo pataxó, uma árvore onde moram todos os espíritos da natureza, e principalmente os espíritos dos nossos velhos que já fizeram as suas partidas. Mas nós acreditamos que eles morreram em carne, mas o espírito está lá para proteger o nosso povo”, afirmou.Para o artista Pataxó, “é uma honra muito grande estar fazendo essa parceria com a Christina Oiticica, de estar mostrando a cultura do Brasil, que é a cultura indígena”. “Então, viva o povo pataxó e viva todos os povos indígenas do Brasil”, afirmou. Fotografias que mostram “um jeito diferente de ver a natureza”A exposição também conta com fotografias de Sérgio Zalis retratando a floresta, com imagens feitas em Haia, na Holanda, e no Jardim Botânico, no Rio de Janeiro. As imagens revelam a textura, a força e a complexidade da vegetação.À RFI, Sérgio, que trabalhou 40 anos em revistas no Brasil, explicou como foi o processo de criação desse projeto, o seu primeiro com a natureza. De acordo com ele, trata-se de um trabalho “profundo”, porque são 60 fotos juntas em cada uma “para mostrar uma profundeza que raramente o olho vê”. “Hoje em dia, com o excesso de imagens que a gente está tendo, ver esse tipo de imagem dá um descanso, uma calma muito grande. É um trabalho que é lento, que demora muito para fazer, porque são 60 fotos. Depois, elas têm que ser montadas para ter a qualidade que eu quero, porque se você vir as fotos, não têm nada fora de foco. São meio hiper realistas, até meio imersivas. Então, é um jeito diferente de ver a natureza”, disse. A exposição na Fundação Paulo Coelho e Christina Oiticica, em Genebra, com curadoria de Marcelo Mendonça, vai até o dia 31 de outubro. A entrada é gratuita.

Har Maj My Humaidans nye bog Blødt fået en alt for hård modtagelse? I Weekendavisens anmeldelse skrev debatredaktør Asker Hedegaard Boye, at bogen er »en omgang forkælet og arrogant solipsisme, der snævrer tilværelsen ind, selvom den påstår at gøre det modsatte«. Andre medier var mindst lige så kritiske. Men ifølge udlandsredaktør Anna Libak har Humaidan »såmænd bare tilladt sig at skrive en debatbog, der rejser det helt centrale spørgsmål: Hvis indretningen af en velfærdsstat af danske dimensioner betyder, at vi må svigte vores nærmeste, er den så prisen værd?« I dagens Avistid mødes Libak og Hedegaard Boye til en livlig debat om den bløde bog, der lander midt i en hård tid. Nikolaj Arve er vært. Avistid er produceret og tilrettelagt af Marie Louise Vesthardt og Karen Sigrid JacobsenSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Først ville Usha Vance bare til Grønland for at se på slædehunde. Pludselig skulle hun i stedet blot besøge Pituffik Space Base sammen med sin mand, den amerikanske vicepræsident J.D. Vance. Samtidig blev flere af Trumps topfolk grillet i Kongressen, fordi de forleden sad og planlagde et angreb på houthierne i Yemen, mens en journalist læste med i de fortrolige beskeder. Det er to historier, der er så skøre, at man næsten ikke kan tro dem. Har Trumps folk simpelthen bare afsløret sig som ualmindeligt uduelige? Og hvad kan det få af konsekvenser for Trump-administrationen? »De her to historier har det tilfælles, at det afslører inkompetence helt oppe i toppen af regeringen,« siger Klaus Wivel i dagens Avistid, hvor han sammen med en anden tidligere USA-korrespondent Ole Nyeng diskuterer den inkompetence, der gennemsyrer Trump-administrationen. Nikolaj Arve er vært. Avistid er produceret og tilrettelagt af Karen Sigrid Jacobsen og Marie Louise Vesthardt. Modtag nyhedsbrevet 'Ugens ørehængere', og få aktuelle og kuriøse højdepunkter fra podcasten Avistid og udvalgte oplæste artikler fra ugens løb.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Donald Trump ønsker Grønland. Det er der ikke længere skyggen af tvivl om. USA udsætter derfor Danmark og Grønland for et »uacceptabelt pres«, når vicepræsident J.D. Vances kone, Usha Vance, sammen med en større delegation rejser til Grønland i denne uge. Sådan lød det tidligere i dag fra statsminister Mette Frederiksen, som også lover at »stå imod« presset fra USA. »Det er et løfte om, at vi nu tager skeen i den anden hånd,« siger Martin Krasnik om Mette Frederiksens udtalelser. Og det er helt nødvendigt at skifte strategi, mener chefredaktøren. For indtil nu har regeringen høfligt afventet amerikanerne, og spørgsmålet er, om det var en stor fejl? Det mener chefredaktør Martin Krasnik, som er dagens gæst i Avistid med Nikolaj Arve. Avistid er produceret og tilrettelagt af Marie Louise Vesthardt. Få et godt tilbud og prøv Weekendavisen: weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

89.000 mennesker har meldt sig ind i FB-gruppen »Boykot varer fra USA«. 47 procent af danskerne siger, at de har fravalgt amerikanske varer, efter at Trump blev præsident. Og den borgerlige debattør Jarl Cordua taler ligefrem om, at han ikke vil »handle med forrædere«. Men hvad får vi ud af at boykotte USA? Og hvad kan vi selv miste? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve i dagens Avistid med sine kollegaer Søren K. Villemoes og Christoffer Zieler, som begge har stærke holdninger til sagen. Avistid er produceret og tilrettelagt af Karen Sigrid Jacobsen og Marie Louise Vesthardt.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

De fleste ville nok gerne have siddet som en flue på væggen i Det Hvide Hus i går eftermiddags, da Trump og Putin talte i telefon med hinanden. Men når man ikke kan det, hvad gør man så? Jo, så læser man selvfølgelig de referater, som begge sider har sendt ud efter samtalen. Så i dagens Avistid kigger Nikolaj Arve og udlandsredaktør Anna Libak grundigt på, hvad der egentlig står – og ikke står – i de to ret forskellige udlægninger af samtalen. Og det viser sig, at det mest markante gennembrud måske i virkeligheden skete i Mellemøsten og ikke i Ukraine. »Når Det Hvide Hus fremhæver Iran og houthierne, så er det for at gøre opmærksom på, at Putin godt kunne tænkes at give indrømmelser på andre områder«, siger Anna Libak i dagens Avistid. Nikolaj Arve er vært. I redaktionen sidder Karen Sigrid Jacobsen og Marie Louise Vesthardt. Få et godt tilbud og prøv Weekendavisen: weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hvis Europa skal kunne forsvare sig selv, så har vi også brug for den ultimative afskrækkelse: atombomberne. Det mener flere og flere. Macron vil dele de franske våben. Polakkerne vil måske have deres egen bombe. Mette Frederiksen udelukker ikke, at der skal være atomvåben på dansk jord. Men bliver verden mere sikker, hvis Europa får sin egen atomparaply? Og kan det overhovedet ende godt, når én mand – en Trump, en Putin, en Kim Jong-un – på et øjeblik kan starte en kædereaktion af ødelæggelse? »Det er jo det, der er afskrækkelsens styrke, som også er dens svaghed; det afhænger af én mand,« siger frankrigskorrespondent Aske Munck i dagens Avistid, hvor han er gæst sammen med chefredaktør Martin Krasnik. Nikolaj Arve er vært. Avistid er produceret og tilrettelagt af Marie Louise Vesthardt.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Sami Kanaan s'apprête à quitter le Conseil administratif de la Ville de Genève, après 14 ans à la tête de la culture. Il était invité de Béatrice Rul, à 7h30, sur Radio Lac.14 ans à la tête de la culture à Genève. Il y a forcément plus qu'un passement au cœur de se dire que dans un mois, c'est terminé…"Oui, je me réjouis et en même temps je sais que dès le 1er juin, plein de choses vont me manquer, à commencer, les gens, l'équipe, les partenaires, mais c'est aussi bien de tourner une page. 14 ans c'est pas mal"14 ans avec des succès et des revers. Côté revers, il y a l'extension du MAH ou encore la Cité de la Musique. Les Genevois ont estimé que c'était trop. Trop grand, trop gros, trop cher. Le regret d'avoir trop voulu…"La Cité de la musique ce n'est pas mon histoire, je le dis clairement, c'est un projet privé soutenu par le canton. J'aurais bien aimé que ça se fasse mais on avait des malentendus donc ça je ne mets pas dans la catégorie des revers. Pour le MAH, j'ai hérité d'un projet ficelé, ficelé à tel point que je n'avais aucun choix pour renoncer à Jean Nouvel ou à Jean-Claude Gandur.  j'ai essayé de le passer, c'était des contrats, vous savez que vous ne pouvez pas résilier, ça c'est pas mal, merci aux prédécesseurs. Le projet Nouvel était porté par Rémy Pagani, c'était plutôt à lui d'estimer s'il pouvait sauver la mise. Moi j'ai adoré le projet d'origine. Aujourd'hui, vous auriez un restaurant d'altitude et une très belle feuille de verre. C'est du passé, c'est la démocratie, mais disons la convention avec la fondation Gandur était non résiliable par la Ville et puis même si l'intention n'était certainement pas mal honnête, les gens ont cru que la fondation prenait le pouvoir"Côté réussite: Genève s'est aussi dotée d'une Nouvelle Comédie, un MEG rénové. Une certaine fierté d'avoir réussi, aussi, à faire avancer ces dossiers là… "La Comédie estune très grande réussite, le MEG aussi, c'est impressionnant, il y a aussi la l'Alhambra, le pavillon de la danse le muséum est en chantier, il va rouvrir plus tard"Quand rouvre exactement le Muséum d'histoire naturelle?"C'est un bâtiment ancien, des années 60 et l'on a réalisé qu'il y avait d'autres choses à faire. Il y a des normes: normes sécurité, énergétiques! C'est une institution qui accueille 300'000 personnes par année et qui avait besoin d'un sérieux lifting. On a essayé de ne pas tout faire mais l'on se rend compte que l'on ne peut pas. Dès qu'on commence, il faut tout assainir. Le Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle restera fermé jusqu'à l'automne 2026"Est-ce qu'il n'y a pas un regret de ne pas avoir fait avancer autant le sport que la culture ?"Je pense que les choses ont bien avancé à l'époque, et je suis très heureux que ma collègue Marie Barbey-Chapuis ait pris le relais avec beaucoup d'enthousiasme et d'énergie.  Il y a notamment le plan directeur des infrastructures sportives, qu'on a vraiment lancé à l'époque, qui se déploie maintenant avec le nouveau centre de tennis au Bois des frères, la Queue d'Arve en partie refaite, le crédit pour le Bout du monde... On a aussi beaucoup travaillé sur la violence dans le sport, qui est malheureusement quelque chose qui existe, et la lutte contre le harcèlement.Et la suite, pour vous, Sami Kanaan?"D'abord une vraie pause, après 14 ans quasiment non-stop, parce que quand vous avez ce genre de fonction, je l'ai choisi, j'ai adoré, mais même les vacances, vous n'êtes jamais totalement tranquille. Donc une vraie pause pendant quelques mois, ça tombe bien, c'est l'été, l'été à Genève c'est quand même sympa et puis après plein de projets. Je ne resterai pas dans la culture. Je n'aimerais pas être dans les pattes de ma succession, ce serait un peu gênant. Je suis en charge du numérique depuis 2020, et j'adore ce sujet, il est plein de défis".

Il rapporto Draghi «è stato pubblicato in settembre» oggi «cinque mesi dopo» emerge che «ciò che è nel rapporto è ancora più urgente di quanto fosse cinque mesi fa». «C è una situazione molto difficile. Ora abbiamo i nostri valori. Abbiamo differenze di opinioni. Ma non è il momento di sottolineare queste le differenze ora, è il momento di sottolineare il fatto che dobbiamo lavorare insieme, sottolineare ciò che ci accomuna e ciò che credo ci accomuna sono i valori fondanti dell Unione Europea. E dobbiamo sperare e dobbiamo lavorare per questo» Lo ha detto Mario Draghi, ex presidente della Bce e autore del rapporto sulla Competitività Ue, intervenendo a una seduta del Parlamento europeo a Bruxelles. L'Unione europea deve attrezzarsi a far fronte a novità nei cambiamenti economici e politici globali. Ed «è sempre più chiaro che dobbiamo agire sempre di più come se fossimo un unico stato. La complessità della risposta politica che coinvolge ricerca, industria, commercio e finanza richiederà un livello di coordinamento senza precedenti tra tutti gli attori: governi e parlamenti nazionali, Commissione e Parlamento europeo» ha spiegato Draghi. Il commento è di Adriana Cerretelli, editorialista Sole 24 Ore Bruxelles.Raddoppio del traforo del Monte Bianco, "no" del ministro franceseParigi non vuole il raddoppio del traforo del Monte Bianco. Il ministro dei Trasporti transalpino Philippe Tabarot ha espresso di fatto un parere negativo in una lettera, datata 14 febbraio ma pubblicata ieri, in cui scrive che "La posizione della Francia , espressa regolarmente nel quadro della commissione intergovernativa del tunnel del Monte Bianco, non è cambiata". Nessuno sviluppo, dunque. Lo ribadisce il ministro dopo che il deputato dell'Alta Savoia all'Assemblea nazionale, Xavier Roseren, aveva chiesto di assumere una posizione definitiva sul tema. La decisione asseconda le volontà soprattutto della valle dell'Arve, da Chamonix-Mont-Blanc in giù, dove i tir sono un problema molto più sentito rispetto alla Valle d'Aosta e dove i livelli di traffico e inquinamento sono ritenuti da anni insostenibili. Interviene Francesco Turcato, presidente Confindustria Valle d'Aosta.Poste in Tim, filosofia industriale, faro su sinergie La prima mossa nel risiko delle tlc l'hanno fatta Poste e Cdp. I cda dei due gruppi nel week end hanno dato il via libera allo scambio azionario: Poste ha acquistato il 9,81% circa di Tim da Cassa Depositi e Prestiti e al contempo l'intera sua partecipazione in Nexi (pari al 3,78% circa) è passata a Cdp che così si rafforza nella 'pay tech' salendo al 18,25 per cento. Il corrispettivo per l'acquisto delle azioni di Tim sarà riconosciuto "in parte mediante i proventi derivanti dal trasferimento da Poste Italiane a Cassa Depositi e Prestiti della partecipazione in Nexi e in parte mediante cassa disponibile", appena sotto i 180 milioni di euro (valorizzando quindi Tim approssimativamente di 0,26/0,27 euro per azione). E' la prima tessera di un domino, alla quale Poste, che diventa il secondo azionista, guarda con un approccio industriale, che apre un ampio spazio di accordi commerciali e sinergie. Tra Tim e Poste, annuncia subito la società guidata da Matteo del Del Fante "è in fase avanzata la negoziazione per la fornitura di servizi per l'accesso di Postepay all'infrastruttura di rete mobile di Tim", l'ingresso nel capitale infatti "abilita l'evoluzione dei rapporti commerciali tra Tim e Poste Italiane" spiega il cda in una nota. Per la Cassa invece il focus è tutto puntato su Nexi, di cui è azionista dalla nascita: «Il Gruppo Cdp aumenta la propria quota in Nexi dall attuale 14,46% al 18,25% complessivo - spiega Cdp in una nota -, rafforzando così il sostegno alla strategia industriale di un azienda protagonista in Europa nell infrastruttura dei pagamenti digitali, che sin dalla sua nascita quattro anni fa ha avuto Cassa al suo fianco». Ne abbiamo parlato con Laura Serafini, Il Sole24Ore.Elon Musk presenta Grok-3 e rinviglorisce la rivalità con Sam AltmanElon Musk rilancia sull intelligenza artificiale e con la sua startup xAI ha presentato nelle scorse ore il modello Grok-3 aggiornato: una versione della tecnologia chatbot che secondo il miliardario è «la AI più intelligente della Terra». In una diretta streaming la società ha affermato che, in base a parametri matematici, scientifici e di codifica, Grok-3 «batte Google Gemini di Alphabet, il modello V3 di DeepSeek, Claude di Anthropic e GPT-4o di OpenAI». Grok-3 ha una potenza di calcolo «più che decuplicata» rispetto al suo predecessore e ha completato il pre-training all inizio di gennaio, ha detto Musk in una presentazione insieme a tre ingegneri di xAI. Approfondiamo con Enrico Pagliarini, Radio24.

Alle hader Herning. Det skrev vi i sidste uges avis. Men det er ikke bare Herning, folk hader. Det lader til, at folk i næsten alle byer har mindst én anden by, som de elsker at rivalisere med. »I virkeligheden er det jo en frygt for de fremmede. For dem på den anden side af åen,« forklarer Pernille Stensgaard, der sammen med Morten Beiter har rejst rundt i landet for at studere byer, der hader hinanden. I dagens program gæster de Avistid, hvor vært Nikolaj Arve spørger dem, hvorfor vi egentlig har brug for hadet til de andre? »Det er menneskets dans over engen,« som Beiter siger. »Det er det, der holder os i gang.« Programmet er produceret og tilrettelagt af Marie Louise Vesthardt. Nikolaj Arve er vært. Find alle artikler i serien her. Få et godt tilbud på weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

USA vil – måske – overtage Gazastriben og forvandle den til »Mellemøstens Riviera«. Det sagde Donald Trump pludselig i denne uge til de flestes overraskelse. Samtidig vil han flytte de knap to millioner palæstinensere i området til et andet sted, Egypten, Jordan … eller hvem ved hvor? Igen diskuterer alle, om Trump mener det alvorligt eller bogstaveligt. Igen er alt kaos, de gængse spilleregler sat ud af kraft. Så hvad er det, Trump håber at opnå? Kan det faktisk lykkes for ham? Og hvor meget kan han ødelægge på vejen? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve med mellemøstkorrespondent Waleed Safi og redaktionschef Klaus Wivel i dagens udgave af Avistid. Programmet er produceret og tilrettelagt af Marie Louise Vesthardt. Find et godt tilbud på weekendavisen.dk/tilbud Modtag nyhedsbrevet 'Ugens ørehængere', og få aktuelle og kuriøse højdepunkter fra podcasten Avistid og udvalgte oplæste artikler fra ugens løb.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Alle kender Trumps slogan: MAKE AMERICA GREAT AGAIN. Men på det seneste har det også fået følge af et lidt andet slogan: MAKE AMERICA HEALTHY AGAIN. Og særligt én mand er blevet billedet på det: den gamle miljøforkæmper fra venstrefløjen, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., som Trump nu vil have som sundhedsminister. Her vil Kennedy blive øverste chef for de myndigheder, han i årevis har beskyldt for at være en trussel mod amerikanernes sundhed og i lommen på industrien. Men hvordan er de to bevægelser – Trumps populistiske MAGA og Kennedys konspiratoriske MAHA – pludselig smeltet sammen? Og hvilke konsekvenser har det? Det taler Nikolaj Arve og videnskabsjournalist Anders Boas om i dagens udgave af Avistid. Avistid er produceret og tilrettelagt af Karen Sigrid Jacobsen. Få et godt tilbud på weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Told er det smukkeste ord i ordbogen, siger Trump. Alligevel udskød han pludselig den varslede told på 25 procent mod nabolandene Canada og Mexico. Nu truer han i stedet EU med en straftold, fordi vi har behandlet USA »forfærdeligt«. Bluffer han bare for at få sin vilje på andre områder? Eller vil han faktisk gerne bygge en ny, stor toldmur omkring USA? I dagens Avistid taler Nikolaj Arve med tidligere USA-korrespondent Ole Nyeng og tidligere Europa-korrespondent Christian Bennike om, hvad toldkrigen betyder for Europa, og hvordan vi bedst svarer på truslerne. Avistid er produceret og tilrettelagt af Karen Sigrid Jacobsen og Marie Louise Vesthardt. Få et godt tilbud på weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

I de seneste måneder har Israel fået ram på den ene Hamas-leder efter den anden, og Israel hævder nu at have dræbt flere end 17.000 Hamas-krigere. Men da våbenhvilen trådte i kraft i weekenden, myldrede det alligevel frem med maskerede mænd med geværer og grønne Hamas-flag. Så hvor svækket er Hamas egentlig efter 15 måneders krig? Det taler Nikolaj Arve og mellemøstkorrespondent Waleed Safi om i dagens udgave af Avistid. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Karen Sigrid Jacobsen og Birgit Nissen Pedersen. Modtag nyhedsbrevet 'Ugens ørehængere', og få aktuelle og kuriøse højdepunkter fra podcasten Avistid og udvalgte oplæste artikler fra ugens løb.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

De seneste uger har flere erklæret wokeismen for død og borte. Men er det rigtigt – eller har bevægelsen allerede forandret verden på godt og ondt? Hvad mener vi egentlig, når vi taler om wokeismen? Og hvor kom den fra? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve i dagens Avistid med Frederik Stjernfelt, professor i idéhistorie på Aalborg Universitet og fast skribent i Weekendavisen. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Karen Sigrid Jacobsen. Modtag nyhedsbrevet 'Ugens ørehængere', og få aktuelle og kuriøse højdepunkter fra podcasten Avistid og udvalgte oplæste artikler fra ugens løb.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mandag holdt Donald Trump sin store indsættelsestale, hvor han lovede en ny guldalder i USA. Han lovede at løse stort set alle indenrigspolitiske problemer. Og så lovede han ikke bare at vinde krige og standse krige, men også at sætte et flag på Mars, at tage kontrol med Panamakanalen og at udvide USAs territorium – uden dog at nævne Grønland denne gang. »Intet vil stå i vejen for os,« sagde Trump, som igen vil bruge bøllemetoder for at få sin vilje. Hvad betyder det for USA, for landets fjender – og ikke mindst for venner som Danmark og Grønland? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve og udlandsredaktør Anna Libak i dagens udgave af Avistid. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Elon Musk er der, selvfølgelig. Men også countrysangeren Carrie Underwood, bandet Village People, eksbokseren Mike Tyson og mange flere. Selv Mike Pence, der ellers advarede kraftigt mod sin gamle boss, deltager i dag i Donald Trumps indsættelse som USAs præsident. Sådan var det langtfra for otte år siden, da Trump første gang blev indsat som præsident. Dengang kunne han knap nok finde nogen til at optræde ved ceremonien. Nu taler man om et vibe shift. Hvad har ændret sig? Og hvad fortæller det om USA anno 2025? Dagens gæst er journalist Sarah von Essen, som har fulgt amerikansk politik og kultur i en årrække. Nikolaj Arve er vært, og programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hvem bærer ansvaret for autofiktionens konsekvenser? Det spørgsmål diskuteres for tiden heftigt blandt forfattere, forlæggere, kritikere og folk, der pludselig kan læse om litterære karakterer, der minder mistænkeligt meget om dem selv: som øboerne på Fejø i Thomas Bobergs Insula eller Karl Ove Knausgårds familie i Min kamp-serien. Avistid tager debatten med litteraturredaktør David Jacobsen Turner og teaterinstruktør Liv Helm, der tidligere i år selv debuterede med den autofiktive roman Med hjertet i hånden. Nikolaj Arve er vært. Avistid er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt. Mangler De en julegave? Giv et abonnement på Weekendavisen: www.weekendavisen.dk/gaveSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tirsdag aften klokken 22.27 lokal tid gik Yoon Suk Yeol, den sydkoreanske præsident, pludselig på talerstolen og erklærede undtagelsestilstand i Sydkorea. Men selvom en gruppe soldater efterfølgende landede i helikoptere og tiltvang sig adgang til parlamentsbygningen, lod Nationalforsamlingen sig ikke kue. De stemte imod undtagelsestilstanden, regeringsmedlemmer begyndte at trække sig, og så gav præsidenten op igen. Efter seks timer var det hele afblæst. Nu presser oppositionen i stedet på for, at præsident Yoon Suk Yoel træder af og bliver stillet for rigsret.Hvad i alverden sker der i Sydkorea? Og hvor skrøbeligt er det koreanske demokrati? Journalist Malene Jensen, som har boet i Sydkorea i flere år, er dagens gæst i Avistid med Nikolaj Arve. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt. Giv Weekendavisen i julegave på www.weekendavisen.dk/gaveSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hvert år rejser tusindvis af mere eller mindre skaldede mænd til Istanbul for at få lavet nyt hår. I år rejste Christoffer Zieler med for at få plantet nye hår på sin måne og i de høje tindinger. »Der er noget latterligt ved forfængeligheden,« siger han om sin skønhedsrejse, »men værdigheden kan også være frygtelig.« I dagens Avistid med Nikolaj Arve fortæller Christoffer Zieler om sin hårrejse, sin forfængelighed – og hvorfor mænd har det svært med at tabe håret. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt. Læs Christoffer Zielers artikel 'Månerejsen' her. Få et godt tilbud på Weekendavisen på www.weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Engang var hun alles »Mutti«, inkarnationen af ro, stabilitet og sund fornuft. I dag får hun skylden for mange af Europas problemer – på grund af den naive håndtering af flygtningekrisen i 2015. Og på grund af den »djævlepagt«, hun indgik med Vladimir Putin om billig russisk gas. Angela Merkel har på en måde altid inkarneret tidsånden. På godt og ondt. I en ny bog med titlen Frihed forsøger hun nu at sikre sit eftermæle. Men hvordan vil historien dømme Merkels 16 år som tysk kansler? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve med Weekendavisens tysklandskorrespondent Jesper Vind i dagens Avistid. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Birgit Nissen Pedersen. Få et godt tilbud på Weekendavisen på www.weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Klokken 3 i nat trådte en ny våbenhvile mellem Israel og Libanon i kraft, og nu drømmer den amerikanske præsident Joe Biden og andre også om en våbenhvile i Gaza og en større fred i Mellemøsten. Men er det overhovedet realistisk, så længe premierministeren i Israel hedder Benjamin Netanyahu? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve med chefredaktør Martin Krasnik i dagens Avistid. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt og Birgit Nissen Pedersen. Find et godt tilbud på Weekendavisen på www.weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Næsten 100.000 danskere har nu meldt sig ind i facebookgruppen »Svindlerjagten«, hvor de tager sagen i egen hånd og tvinger svindlere til at hoste op med pengene. »Det er ikke bare en hævn mod svindlerne,« siger journalist Mads Staghøj. »Det er en hævn mod systemet.« Politiet kan nemlig slet ikke følge med for tiden, hvor flere og flere bliver udsat for svindel: Det ene øjeblik tror folk, at de står med den helt store bitcoingevinst eller et fedt Garmin-ur til spotpris. Det næste øjeblik står de med en lang næse – og ingen hjælp fra myndighederne. Så: Er svindeljægerne vor tids helte? Eller går de for vidt? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve med Mads Staghøj og Laura Hattens, som har dækket sagen i Weekendavisen. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt. Find et godt tilbud på Weekendavisen på www.weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Denne episoden har vi gleden av å ha med oss Arve Walde, pastor i Logoskirken på Nesttun og en god venn av huset. Arve deler åpent om sin kamp med spilleavhengighet og gambling, veien til frihet gjennom sårbarhet, og hvordan både han og familien har opplevd fornyelse i troslivet. Han forteller også om sin vei til å bli pastor, og byr på en samtale fylt med inspirasjon, ærlighet og håp. Lytt inn og la deg oppmuntre!

Det var den forsonlige udgave af Donald Trump, som i sin sejrstale lovede en ny »guldalder« i USA. Men verden er alligevel vågnet til en ny og mere usikker fremtid – med en uforudsigelig og hævngerrig amerikansk præsident. Samtidig afslører Kamala Harris' sviende nederlag, at Demokraterne aldrig formåede at svare overbevisende på vælgernes største bekymringer, men tog deres traditionelle vælgergrupper for givet. Weekendavisens tidligere USA-korrespondenter Martin Krasnik, Klaus Wivel og Ole Nyeng er dagens gæster i Avistid med Nikolaj Arve. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt og Birgit Nissen Pedersen.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

I denne lille arveserien svarer vi på de vanligste spørsmålene vi får om arv. I denne episoden snakker vi om arv og gjeld. Mange frykter - med rette -  at det er mer gjeld enn verdier i dødsboet - hvordan løser du det problemet på best mulig måte? Episoden er ved advokatene Line Karlsen Ask og Dag Are Børresen i HELP Forsikring. Lyd: Francesco Hygen Puddu. 

Overalt har historien om den amerikanske valgkamp været den samme. Det har handlet om splittelse og polarisering. Om to modsatrettede udgaver af Amerika, der står og stirrer olmt på hinanden. Men måske er der også en anden historie om amerikansk politik. En mere håbefuld historie, hvor vælgerne ikke opfatter hinanden som »fjender«, og hvor partierne stadig står med muligheden for igen at favne bredt i det amerikanske samfund. Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve i dagens Avistid med Frederik Hjorth, som er lektor i statskundskab på Københavns Universitet. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt og Birgit Nissen Pedersen. Prøv også et abonnement på Weekendavisen: https://weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Verdens rigeste mand, Elon Musk, er her, der og allevegne i den amerikanske valgkamp. Han donerer enorme millionbeløb til Donald Trump. Han holder rallies og fylder alt på sit eget sociale medie X. Og så er han tilsyneladende udset til at få en nøglerolle i Trumps regering. Sker det, vil fremtiden blive »AMAZING!«, siger Musk selv. Men hvad er det for en fremtid, han forestiller sig? Og har vi virkelig lyst til at leve i Elon Musks verden? Det diskuterer Nikolaj Arve og Christian Bennike i dagens udgave af Avistid. Programmet er tilrettelagt og produceret af Marie Louise Vesthardt og Birgit Nissen Pedersen. Prøv også et abonnement på Weekendavisen: https://weekendavisen.dk/tilbudSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Det var en gång en ensam prins som inte gjorde annat än drömde om en prinsessa att dela livet med. Men att hitta prinsessor är förstås inte så lätt, speciellt inte riktiga prinsessor. Men en regnig kväll knackar det på slottets port, och utanför står någon. Kan det vara en riktig prinsessa tro? Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Lyssningslov i Barnradion 2024: ”Artister läser klassiska sagor”Sagan Prinsessan på ärten är en del av Barnradions special till läslovet – där fem artister läser varsin klassisk saga. Genom dessa röster och sagor hoppas vi kunna inspirera fler familjer att lyssna, och läsa, tillsammans.Patrik Arve är sångare i bandet Teddybears. Han har även gjort barnprogrammet ”Ibbe och Arve” för SVT och gästar ofta Bröderna Lindgrens barnunderhållning.Sagans ursprungPrinsessan på ärten är skriven av den danske författaren H.C. Andersen och den publicerades första gången år 1835.MedverkandeBerättare: Patrik ArveIllustration: Johanna KristianssonProducent: Klara Grape, Barnradion

Kan man arve en person hvis man selv er grunnen til at hen ikke lever lenger? Hva hvis man var utilregnelig og dermed ikke kan stå ansvarlig for sine handlinger. Vi hører stadig om personer som har blitt drept av noen som står dem nær. Dette er en tragedie uten sidestykke. Men det reiser også spørsmålet om arv. For kan en som har forårsaket en annens død arve verdiene som etterlates? Og hva hvis gjerningspersonen var utilregnelig da drapet ble begått – og sånn sett ikke kan stå til ansvar for sin handling fordi hen ikke har skyldevne? Dette så Høyesterett på i HR-2023-2098-A. Frode Sulland jobber som forsvarer og forteller her om reglene for arv ved drap og Høyesteretts vurderinger av hva som skal skje når drapsmannen er utilregnelig. Jusspodden vil se nærmere på interessante avgjørelser fra Høyesterett fra det siste året. Har du en sak du ønsker å høre mer om? Ta kontakt på jusspodden@gmail.com Neste episode publiseres om to uker (24.10). Jusspodden sponses av stiftelsen Lovdata. Lenker over leder til Lovdatas åpne sider. Jusspodden er uavhengig og Lovdata legger ikke føringer på produksjonen.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Vikarieveckan går i mål! Studion blir het när Vendela Lundberg bjuder på en egenskriven slashnovell. Hon möter Christopher Garplind i en 1 år på 10-15 sekunder-megabattle! Är Patrik Arve fortfarande Sveriges främsta romantiker? Vi testar hans moral i Vardagsfilosofiska rummet! Mad respect. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Programledare: Christopher Garplind och Vendela Lundberg.

Viktor Arve eller Ville, som jag ibland kallar honom, lärde jag känna i mellanstadiet och vi umgås fortfarande. I detta avsnitt pratar vi om tecknade serier och diverse pojkstreck vi gjorde som barn. Det finns ett bonusavsnitt på 35 minuter för dig som donerar valfri summa till den här podden på Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/arkivsamtalJag, Anton Magnusson och Albin Olsson åker ut i sommar och kör standup och livepod: Specialisterna Uncensored! Vi kommer Göteborg den 1:a augusti, Malmö den 5:e och Stockholm den 8:e. Jag har även andra standupgig framöver i Norrtälje, Oslo, Lund och Uppsala. Dessutom har jag nyligen släppt en ny standuptimme på Youtube och Spotify. STAD heter den. Länkar till allt det här hittar ni på gardenfors.comSwish: 0760724728X (Twitter): @gardenfors#arkivsamtalInstagram: @gardenforsFacebook: Arkiv Samtal - eftersnackgruppenStandup med Simon Gärdenfors: https://www.gardenfors.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Det är dags för årets sista kamp om den Gyllene Torbjörnen! Och vi är så glada att det är just Patrik Arve och Jelly Crystal som kommer att göra upp och bidra med otrolig stämning. Kul ska vi ha! Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play.

In Mellingen im Kanton Aargau etwa droht die Reuss über die Ufer zu treten. Und in der Region Laupen-Gümmenen im Kanton Bern muss mit Überschwemmungen der Saane gerechnet werden. Das meldet der Warndienst des Bundes, Alertswiss. Besonders betroffen ist die Romandie. In Genf wurden aus Sicherheitsgründen mehrere Brücken über die Arve bis auf weiteres gesperrt, einen Nebenfluss der Rhone. Weitere Themen in dieser Sendung: * Frankreichs Präsident Emmanuel Macron wird in Bern mit viel Pomp von Bundespräsident Alain Berset empfangen. Der Besuch soll zeigen: Zwischen Bern und Paris ist alles wieder im Lot. * Die israelische Armee teilt mit, dass sie einen Teil des Al-Schifa-Spitals im Gazastreifen eingedrungen sei. Laut Israel nutzt die Hamas das Spital als Kommandozentrale. * Der befürchtete Stillstand der Regierungsgeschäfte in den USA, der sogenannte Shutdown, scheint abgewendet. Das Repräsentantenhaus hat einem Übergangsbudget zugestimmt.

In der Nachmittagsfolge begrüßen wir heute Manuel Opitz, CEO und Co-Founder von Deepeye Medical, und sprechen mit ihm über die Seed-Runde in Höhe von 2,5 Millionen Euro.Deepeye Medical hat gemeinsam mit Augenärztinnen und Augenärzten sowie Pharma- und Diagnostikherstellern einen KI-Assistenten für die Netzhauttherapie entwickelt, um die Behandlung der altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (AMD) zu verbessern. AMD ist eine schwerwiegende Augenerkrankung und die häufigste Ursache für Erblindung. Das Startup verwendet einen Algorithmus, der auf dreidimensionalen Augentomographien basiert, um Netzhautbilder zu analysieren. Dies ermöglicht Ärztinnen und Ärzten, personalisierte Behandlungsvorschläge zu erstellen und die Erfolgsaussichten der Therapie zu erhöhen. Der Algorithmus hat von hunderttausenden Netzhaut-Scans gelernt und bietet datenbasierte Informationen zur besseren Einschätzung der Krankheitsaktivität und des Verlaufs. Die Software ergänzt die klinische Expertise und hilft den Behandelnden, das Krankheitsbild besser zu verstehen und Therapieintervalle zu optimieren. Sie erleichtert darüber hinaus auch die Aufklärung der Patientinnen und Patienten. Deepeye Medical wurde im Jahr 2021 von Ratko Petrovic und Manuel Opitz in München gegründet. Das bayerische Startup hat bereits Erfolge in der Zusammenarbeit mit großen Pharmaunternehmen wie Novartis, Bayer und Roche verzeichnet. Die KI-Plattform wird auch von anderen Unternehmen sowie von Ärztinnen und Ärzten genutzt, um wertvolle Erkenntnisse aus vorhandenen Therapiedaten zu gewinnen.Nun hat das Münchner MedTech in einer Seed-Runde 2,5 Millionen Euro unter der Führung von YZR Capital eingesammelt. Außerdem beteiligte sich Arve Capital an der Runde. Zudem hat sich Bayern Kapital an Deepeye Medical beteiligt. Zu der Gesamtsumme der Seed-Finanzierungsrunde zählen auch Forschungs- und Entwicklungszuschüsse mit dazu. Das Startup plant mit dem frischen Kapital seine KI-basierte Plattform weiterzuentwickeln und bis zum Jahr 2024 eine patientennahe Therapieentscheidungshilfe anzubieten. Das Ziel ist dabei, bis zum Jahr 2030 eine Million Menschen vor Erblindung zu bewahren, indem sie Augenärztinnen und -ärzten entscheidende datengestützte Informationen zur Verfügung stellen.

Da Sidsel Ana Welden Gajardo var barn, oplevede hun, hvordan hendes far havde voldsomme mareridt og vrangforestillinger efter sine oplevelser i hjemlandet. Faderen flygtede fra Chile efter militærkuppet i 1973, men han fik aldrig et ordentligt liv i Danmark, hvor han boede til sin død. Kan man som barn arve sine forældres traumer? Det taler forfatteren med vært, Nanna Mogensen om i forbindelse med udgivelsen af bogen, 'Du er min arv'. Redaktør: Hanne Barslund.

In diesem Podcast nimmt uns Jürg Horlacher mit auf einen Spaziergang im Wald. Er erzählt uns, was man unter dem Begriff «Waldbaden» genau versteht und weshalb Walddüfte eine so wohltuende und beruhigende Wirkung auf uns haben. Jürg Horlacher, Gründer und Geschäftsführer von Aromalife, beantwortet Simone Walther Büel folgende Fragen: - Jürg, was bedeutet dir der Wald? 4:04 - Und wie hältst du es mit Waldbaden? Gehst du zwischendurch ganz bewusst durch den Wald, also nicht «nur» zum Spazieren? 4:28 - Warum tut uns Waldbaden eigentlich so gut? 5:30 - Jürg, hast du einen Lieblingswald? Oder vielleicht auch mehrere Lieblingswälder? 6:35 - Der Arvenwald im Engadin – mit der Arve hast du ja eine ganz besondere Verbindung und hast eine eigene Arven-Produktelinie entwickelt. Möchtest du uns erzählen, wie es dazu kam? 7:15 - Wer schon einmal im Engadin und in einer Arvenstube war, der hat diesen wunderbaren Duft von diesem Holz sicher noch in der Nase. Was macht eigentlich das Spezielle an diesem Duft aus? 8:40 - Neben der Arvenlinie gibt es bei Aromalife auch noch andere Walddüfte. Welche zum Beispiel? 9:30 - Das tönt wunderbar, also wenn man es einmal nicht in den Wald schafft, so kann man sich den Wald mit euren Walddüften auch ganz einfach in die Wohnstube holen. 10:21 - Welche Walddüfte in Form von ätherischen Ölen sollte aus deiner Sicht jeder bei sich zu Hause haben und weshalb? 10:31 --- Webseite | https://www.ebi-pharm.ch/wissen/ebi-aktuell Linkedin | https://www.linkedin.com/company/ebipharm-ag/ Instagram | https://www.instagram.com/ebipharmag/ Soundcloud | https://soundcloud.com/ebi-pharm-ag YouTube | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzF2mDbNz1YHunlEE-6bluA Apple Podcasts | https://podcasts.apple.com/ch/podcast/ebi-podcast/id1537109827 Spotify | https://open.spotify.com/show/0efW5HJVKaZUYxOOCLUgQU

Festivalrävarna Mange Schmidt och Patrik Arve tar oss tillbaka till leriga festivaler och knäckta Bertils! Linnea Wikblad tar oss till Costa del Sol och AC-kylda supermercados. Mellanösternkorrespondenten Johan Mathias Sommarström är tillbaka i Sverige, vi pratar såklart Turkiet och Nato! Linnea Beijer på P3 Nyheter om reaktionerna efter ny koranbränning och Pernilla Wahlgrens våtmarksskämt Programledare: David Druid och Linnea Wikblad

In this episode, we discuss Arve Hansen's new book Consumption and Vietnam's New Middle Classes: Societal Transformations and Everyday Life (Springer, 2022). In this book, Hansen studies the dramatic changes in consumption patterns in Vietnam over the past decades, focusing on how everyday life changes in the context of rapid economic development and capitalist transformations. How does a consumer society emerge and take shape in Vietnam's socialist market economy? What is consumer socialism? Why should we study the consumption patterns of Asia's new middle classes, and are there similarities between the middle classes in Vietnam and India? To discuss these questions, we are joined by the author and Manisha Anantharaman Manisha Anantharaman, associate professor of Justice, Community and Leadership at Saint Mary's College of California in the Bay Area. She teaches and does research on the politics of sustainability, and has among many other things written extensively on the ‘environmentalism' of India's middle classes. Arve Hansen is a human geographer at the Centre for Development and the Environment at the University of Oslo, teaching and researching consumption and sustainability with particular focus on Vietnam. He also leads the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies with Kenneth Bo Nielsen. Kenneth Bo Nielsen is an Associate Professor at the dept. of Social Anthropology at the University of Oslo and one of the leaders of the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies. The Nordic Asia Podcast is a collaboration sharing expertise on Asia across the Nordic region, brought to you by the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS) based at the University of Copenhagen, along with our academic partners: the Centre for East Asian Studies at the University of Turku, and Asianettverket at the University of Oslo. We aim to produce timely, topical and well-edited discussions of new research and developments about Asia. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In this episode, we discuss Arve Hansen's new book Consumption and Vietnam's New Middle Classes: Societal Transformations and Everyday Life (Springer, 2022). In this book, Hansen studies the dramatic changes in consumption patterns in Vietnam over the past decades, focusing on how everyday life changes in the context of rapid economic development and capitalist transformations. How does a consumer society emerge and take shape in Vietnam's socialist market economy? What is consumer socialism? Why should we study the consumption patterns of Asia's new middle classes, and are there similarities between the middle classes in Vietnam and India? To discuss these questions, we are joined by the author and Manisha Anantharaman Manisha Anantharaman, associate professor of Justice, Community and Leadership at Saint Mary's College of California in the Bay Area. She teaches and does research on the politics of sustainability, and has among many other things written extensively on the ‘environmentalism' of India's middle classes. Arve Hansen is a human geographer at the Centre for Development and the Environment at the University of Oslo, teaching and researching consumption and sustainability with particular focus on Vietnam. He also leads the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies with Kenneth Bo Nielsen. Kenneth Bo Nielsen is an Associate Professor at the dept. of Social Anthropology at the University of Oslo and one of the leaders of the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies. The Nordic Asia Podcast is a collaboration sharing expertise on Asia across the Nordic region, brought to you by the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS) based at the University of Copenhagen, along with our academic partners: the Centre for East Asian Studies at the University of Turku, and Asianettverket at the University of Oslo. We aim to produce timely, topical and well-edited discussions of new research and developments about Asia. Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/southeast-asian-studies

In this episode, we discuss Arve Hansen's new book Consumption and Vietnam's New Middle Classes: Societal Transformations and Everyday Life (Springer, 2022). In this book, Hansen studies the dramatic changes in consumption patterns in Vietnam over the past decades, focusing on how everyday life changes in the context of rapid economic development and capitalist transformations. How does a consumer society emerge and take shape in Vietnam's socialist market economy? What is consumer socialism? Why should we study the consumption patterns of Asia's new middle classes, and are there similarities between the middle classes in Vietnam and India? To discuss these questions, we are joined by the author and Manisha Anantharaman Manisha Anantharaman, associate professor of Justice, Community and Leadership at Saint Mary's College of California in the Bay Area. She teaches and does research on the politics of sustainability, and has among many other things written extensively on the ‘environmentalism' of India's middle classes. Arve Hansen is a human geographer at the Centre for Development and the Environment at the University of Oslo, teaching and researching consumption and sustainability with particular focus on Vietnam. He also leads the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies with Kenneth Bo Nielsen. Kenneth Bo Nielsen is an Associate Professor at the dept. of Social Anthropology at the University of Oslo and one of the leaders of the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies. The Nordic Asia Podcast is a collaboration sharing expertise on Asia across the Nordic region, brought to you by the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS) based at the University of Copenhagen, along with our academic partners: the Centre for East Asian Studies at the University of Turku, and Asianettverket at the University of Oslo. We aim to produce timely, topical and well-edited discussions of new research and developments about Asia. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/anthropology

In this episode, we discuss Arve Hansen's new book Consumption and Vietnam's New Middle Classes: Societal Transformations and Everyday Life (Springer, 2022). In this book, Hansen studies the dramatic changes in consumption patterns in Vietnam over the past decades, focusing on how everyday life changes in the context of rapid economic development and capitalist transformations. How does a consumer society emerge and take shape in Vietnam's socialist market economy? What is consumer socialism? Why should we study the consumption patterns of Asia's new middle classes, and are there similarities between the middle classes in Vietnam and India? To discuss these questions, we are joined by the author and Manisha Anantharaman Manisha Anantharaman, associate professor of Justice, Community and Leadership at Saint Mary's College of California in the Bay Area. She teaches and does research on the politics of sustainability, and has among many other things written extensively on the ‘environmentalism' of India's middle classes. Arve Hansen is a human geographer at the Centre for Development and the Environment at the University of Oslo, teaching and researching consumption and sustainability with particular focus on Vietnam. He also leads the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies with Kenneth Bo Nielsen. Kenneth Bo Nielsen is an Associate Professor at the dept. of Social Anthropology at the University of Oslo and one of the leaders of the Norwegian Network for Asian Studies. The Nordic Asia Podcast is a collaboration sharing expertise on Asia across the Nordic region, brought to you by the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS) based at the University of Copenhagen, along with our academic partners: the Centre for East Asian Studies at the University of Turku, and Asianettverket at the University of Oslo. We aim to produce timely, topical and well-edited discussions of new research and developments about Asia. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/sociology

We're back! Really! Having revived ourselves with grapefruit Spindrift and coffee following our lackluster 2nd anniversary show, we invited Andrew 'actually Armenian' Martin, author of the novel Early Work and the short story collection Cool for America, to join us at Lauren's Park Slope manse for a rollicking discussion of Book 2's famous face-slashing section! Andrew did not disappoint: with typical Armenian wit and candor, he helped us to pick apart the drunken series of events leading to Karl Ove's facial mutilation. Enjoy! cheat sheet: 00:50 - Andrew gives us the DL on all the most important Armenian Americans; we start beef with Elif Batuman; the Queen is mourned, we ponder which British 80s singers are bereft, and which are overjoyed; 25:16 - Karl Ove sets eyes on Linda for the first time; it's the summer of 1999, Linda's wearing cool Matrix sunglasses (we're pretty sure) and we ponder what other y2k phenomena Karl Ove engaged with. Also: the 2022 film The Northman helps us to understand some peculiar actions reportedly undertaken by Karl Ove and Arve at the Biskops Arno seminar. 52:00 - Karl Ove tries to impress Linda by playing Wilco's Summerteeth and showing her a Roman cookbook, to no avail; this leads Lauren to prompt Drew and Andrew to share their picks on which album and cookbook they would choose to impress a woman in 2022. 1:19:06 - The rejection comes, somewhat robotically; Karl Ove takes a shard of glass to his face but it doesn't stop him from enjoying some pizza and catching a Garbage concert with Tonje the day after. Andrew and Drew reflect on acts of drunken destruction undertaken as young men. Until next time! Also.... Have brain damage? Consider donating to our patreon! --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/ourstrugglepod/message

Brian Friel sits down with Solend founder Rooter to hear how he built the largest lending protocol on Solana.Show Notes00:41 -  Origin of PFP                    01:27 - Origin Story                     03:26 - When did they settle on Solana?  04:36 - The Journey of Solend            08:19 - Dealing with the Whale and Governance Proposals14:23 - Time Frame from whale discovery to governance proposal16:06 - What were the proposals?         19:06 - The third proposal               21:31 - Thoughts on governance and decentralization23:46 -  What would he do anything differently?25:36 - Advice to other founders on governance26:49 - Isolated pools                   31:24 - Onboarding onto DeFi             32:57 - Permissionless pools             35:39 - What's next for Solend           36:33 - A builder he admires        Full TranscriptBrian (00:06):Hey everyone and welcome to the Zeitgeist, the show where we highlight the founders, developers, and designers who are pushing the web three space forward. I'm Brian Friel, Developer Relations at Phantom. I'm super excited to introduce my guest, Rooter. Rooter is the founder of Solend, the largest decentralized lending protocol on Solana. Rooter, welcome to the show.Rooter (00:26):Hey, thank you, and thanks for having me.Brian (00:27):I think everyone on crypto Twitter will recognize you by your iconic profile picture. It looks to me like a aardvark that's shedding a single tear. Can you give a little background on what is that animal in your profile pic and how you came to rock that as your PFP?Rooter (00:41):So it's actually Pequenino, which is a fictional species from a book called Speaker for the Dead, which is part of Ender's Game series.Brian (00:52):Oh, I love it.Rooter (00:52):Basically, I was looking for a profile picture and this is one of my favorite sci-fi books. I found a frame in a comic and thought it was unique to have the character crying. Took that frame and ended up getting a custom artist piece made.Brian (01:08):That's an awesome backstory. I even seen some derivative pieces of that made now that you're a judge on the latest Solana Hackathon that's become a very iconic image in Solana lore.Rooter (01:18):Yes, it's funny.Brian (01:20):For folks who maybe aren't on crypto Twitter, would you mind giving us a little background on who you are and how you became to be founding Solend?Rooter (01:28):Sure. My background is in software engineering. Basically, I've been working as a software engineer for multiple years. Been doing smart contract development for a few years as well. Started off in the Ethereum space, did a startup in the past, which ended up getting acquired. And basically last year, I was looking at what to do next in crypto. And it was very clear that building something on a scalable version of Ethereum was the way to go because it would cost hundreds of dollars to do certain operations which would add up to thousands very quickly. Basically, at the time, Solana was one of the only alternative blockchains that provided good scalability and was actually live, since a lot of what was out there was just not live yet.Brian (02:13):And how did you settle on a decentralized lending protocol, in particular?Rooter (02:17):I was always quite fascinated by lending protocols. I read the Compound white paper when it first came out and was super excited about it when it first launched, I was a user. I always felt like there was something missing in the lending space, namely that not enough assets were supported. During DeFi Summer, there were all these different old coins launching like YAM, and PASTA coin, and whatnot. One thing I really wish I could do was short a lot of them or at least farm and hedge the risk, but there were no lending markets that wanted to list these coins because they're too risky and it imposes risk on the rest of the protocol. So I really felt isolated lending protocol was needed, which eventually came in the form. It was Arari launched Fuse. It was always like really want to see this in the market. The opportunity that Solana presented was perfect since basically, Solana was a fast-growing blockchain, and the ecosystem was rapidly coming together, and there was not yet any leader in lending. It just made sense that someone would need to lead that space, and why not be us?Brian (03:27):When did you guys settle on Solana as the chain that you were going to build onRooter (03:31):At the very start, I just want to learn about different technologies so I was looking at Optimism, which hadn't launched yet. Polygon was live, aka MATIC, and I had dabbled around with that a bit. Basically, I want to mess around with Solana a little bit, see what the developer experience was like, and it turned out to be pretty good, which I guess some people might be surprised to hear. It wasn't terrible, terrible. We built the first version of Solend prototype during the Solana Season Hackathon, and we saw from that experience how powerful it could be and that there was a lot of potential. After that learning experience, we decided to double DAOn on it.Brian (04:13):That's great. And so you guys essentially went from a Hackathon project to today, one of the largest DeFi protocols on Solana, the largest lending protocol. You guys are facilitating hundreds of millions of dollars in loans every day. Walk us through that journey. What do you attribute that success to? And how big is the Solend team? You guys started, I assume, mostly just you in a Hackathon project. What's that journey like?Rooter (04:37):So in the start for the Hackathon, it was about four of us I think, and then we became five for launching the Mainnet, stayed around that size for a couple months. More recently we started growing so we're up to nine people now, mainly engineers still. And as for what I would attribute the success to? I would say, a lot of our success was on this pivotal moment which was when we launched our liquidity mining program and our token, that's when we saw a really huge spike in deposits. Basically, I think it was timed well.Rooter (05:12):Liquidity mining is just a really great way to bootstrap liquidity, which in lending you need that liquidity for it to be useful because if there's only a couple hundred thousand dollars of liquidity in assets, a lot of users just ... It's not useful to use it. If you're doing any size, you would be moving the rates too much. If you borrowed the rates would spike due to the algorithmic nature of it. I'd say that was definitely a pivotal moment since ... When we launched it I think we had $200 million in deposits, and basically, in one or two days we jumped up to $2 billion so that was quite a wild day for us.Rooter (05:48):Before that, there was a lot of anticipation to our token launch and our liquidity mining because I think we just did a good job with our branding and our UI. To this day, I think we have the simplest UI for a lending protocol that's the most easy to use and just straightforward. And, of course, coming from myself, take it with a grain of salt but I actually really do believe that. And we spent a lot of time going back and forth with a designer who is really, really talented, and coming up with this design that we felt was improving upon existing models. We tried to design it from the ground up, especially having used these products a lot. What are the pain points and what do we want to improve on?Brian (06:28):It sounds like you guys took a lot of your learnings too from DeFi Summer, as you mentioned that being a inspiration for you guys and how Compound's COMP token really kicked off that whole scene. I definitely agree that a well-timed liquidity mining event can really spur some pretty crazy liquidity in a bull market here.Rooter (06:45):And actually, I would add another thing, which is that we've built up this reputation of doing what's right by our users. Multiple times there have been issues, whether it's Oracle issues, where wrong prices are printed, and then there are some wrongful liquidations that happened. Or, at some other occasion, the Solana network went DAOn for quite a long time, which meant that some people couldn't pay back their loans when they wanted to, and as a result, they got liquidated so we've refunded people for all of these issues. And also, there was a vulnerability disclosure from Neodyme at one point, and we worked with them to get them a million-dollar bug bounty payout. No users have ever lost money due to anything that's out of their control really on Solend, and I think that goes a long way as well.Brian (07:39):I think that's a great segue. I think a lot of folks who maybe aren't users of Solend might have heard Solend for the first time back in June, this was around when much of the crypto market was experiencing cascading liquidations. Solend was trading around 25, $26 today, at the time of this recording in July, just a month later it's back up to $40. Around this time, there was a pretty big whale on Solend who was at risk of liquidation, and Solend initiated its first three governance proposals all in rapid succession. Could you walk us through what events were going on at that time in your own words? How the situation was affecting Solend?Rooter (08:20):I'll rewind a little bit. So basically, we first noticed this whales activity back in February when they deposited around $200 million worth of Solana at a time when we had around $2 billion. Or, maybe it was closer to one billion actually. Basically, they were a very large position but it wasn't anything super crazy, and also, they weren't borrowing anything at the start. And basically, what happened is, over time they started borrowing USD against their SOL position until it got to a point where they were borrowing $100 million.Rooter (08:52):At the time, it was almost 90% of the USDC borrowers in the main pool, and their so deposits were 95% of the deposits in the main pool. Over time, they gradually became an extremely large user on our platform. When we saw this, we tried to contact them so we did a couple of things. First, we went through our own private networks. Asked investors, "Hey, is this you or do you know who this is?" Didn't get any success there. The next thing we tried was sending an on-chain message and posting on Twitter a public announcement like "Hey, is this anyone out there, please reduce your position." IBrian (09:33):I remember seeing some of your tweets saying, "We're trying to reach you about your car's extended warranty jokes."Rooter (09:39):Definitely tried to use some humor to make it go more viral so that we could have a better chance of getting in contact with them. And the issue is that they're borrowing so much that their liquidation price was $22.30 cents, and SOL was trading at $26 and had just come DAOn from $100 just a month ago or something. If it continued to go DAOn, as was a trend, what we were worried about is that they would get liquidated which would cause such a massive amount of SOL to come onto the market in a sudden way that we were really concerned about the side effects of that. Specifically, on Solend, generally, the way that liquidations work is, there are bots that will liquidate someone and sell the assets on chain in one transaction. Basically, if that transaction is not profitable they're just not going to do it. If it is, then they will.Rooter (10:37):And typically this is fine because Solend has partial liquidations of 20% so only up to 20% of your position can get liquidated. And usually, positions are relatively small so it gets handled with ease. But this would be an unprecedented size of liquidation where basically, around $120 million would become liquidable in around $21 million chunks, which if you try to market sell $20 million, especially on DEXs on Solana, you're just going to crush the market.Brian (11:09):There's no liquidity to support that.Rooter (11:11):Exactly. If you try to sell one to $2 million, there would be 5% slippage. At 20 there's just no liquidity or tank it by maybe 50%, and doing this over and over again would cause a lot of issues. A couple of things there. One, it's a super lucrative liquidation transaction that Boss will be incentivized to spam so much to try to win, right. And two, it would create a very large arbitrage opportunity on the DEXs for people to ARVE between other venues. Both these combined would cause such incentive for a lot of bot activity that we were worried that it would potentially overload the Solana network. At the time, Solana was experiencing a lot of network issues, transactions would fail.Brian (12:00):This is the pre-1.10 release.Rooter (12:04):It's gotten so much better since then, thankfully.Brian (12:06):Was there any risk at this time to say just your average depositor in Solend, "I have a couple hundred USDC, I just want to deposit in Solend for a yield? Was I at risk here based on this mega whale's actions or failure to respond?"Rooter (12:22):So usually other users are not at risk, but given the size of this user and the fact that they could move the market with their liquidation, then other users were at risk because what could potentially happen is the Solana network could go DAOn, and in the worst case it would go DAOn for a couple hours. And in the worst case, the price of SOL would also continue to drop, and so liquidations would not be able to occur, or even if they did they potentially wouldn't be able to happen fast enough which would leave bad bet on the platform. Basically, when the collateral is not worth enough to cover the loan then there's a mismatch in liabilities and that would mean basically that some users who withdraw last would not be able to withdraw. Solend has an insurance fund to repay these bad debts, but there's a chance that our insurance fund of $20 million would get depleted, and on top of that users would lose a bunch of money.Rooter (13:20):Basically, what we were looking at is, do something about it and avoid gambling for the outcome where users would lose maybe $100 million dollars and Solend's treasury gets depleted and basically spells the end for the land potentially, or do nothing and hope for the best. We're being proactive, and we looked at this situation and felt that it would make sense to do something about it. The solution that we came to was basically a very large market sale is extremely hard to do on chain but it's a lot more routine to do so OTC. So we made a governance proposal of this so then one, and basically the proposal was to liquidate these assets OTC, over the counter, to minimize flippage, get better execution, et cetera. Minimize impact to the market rather than doing so on chain. There was a lot of controversy around that.Brian (14:20):And I just want to set the stage here a little bit because I think this is a really fascinating case study for everyone who's interested in decentralized governance. I've been in the space for a couple of years now. Maybe thinking back to March 2020, but even then having governance issues that were so important. Solend being the lifeblood of the lending ecosystem on Solana, this being like you said, a potential existential question, but then also the fact that it's time sensitive. Can you just recap real quick how long you guys had from essentially finding out that this was an issue to turning out your first governance proposal?Rooter (14:56):So I think we first noticed this on June 15th, and a couple tweets trying to get in contact the 16th and around that. And then it was a couple days later that this proposal happened. And basically, we were looking at the sold charts and it's a very volatile asset, right. It actually dipped to $25, and I think in the high 25s for some time, which meant that only around a 15% drop would cause liquidations to happen, and doomsday scenario could happen. For SOL which dropped 80% in a very short period of time, a little 15% dip is not unfathomable, right.Brian (15:41):Walk us through some of the strategies here. You mentioned the first governance proposal involved taking control of the user's account in the event of a liquidation to handle this over OTC. The thinking being that OTC desk can provide better rates than the liquidity that's available latently on decentralized exchanges, there'd be less impact on users. Walk us through that proposal and then some of the subsequent proposals that followed.Rooter (16:08):That was essentially the proposal is to temporarily move the assets such that they can get liquidated over the counter and then move them back into the user's account. One common misconception is, people thought that we were taking their funds or stealing them or what whatnot, which is definitely not the case. Basically, they were just to get liquidated. And that money is still their own money it's just would be converted from SOL to USDC with the best execution that we could find. Better than what would be on Dex's. Of course, there's a lot of controversy around the method of doing that. Following that, there's a ton of controversy. And thankfully actually, the price of SOL started to recover which bought us some time. And re-evaluating the situation we thought okay, now that we have more time we can consider some other options potentially.Rooter (17:01):We made a second proposal, which rolled back the first one. We were listening to our community and the general community at large of crypto. It was definitely unpopular. Although one interesting fact actually is, it was definitely very controversial in the general sphere, but for our users that had money stuck in the platform and who were just waiting for a train to come and hit them, they really wanted us to do something about it. And we would get a lot of messages like F the haters, just do something. Don't listen to them. Just try to appease a bunch of people on Twitter and let us lose our money.Brian (17:41):And these are messages on Realms, the voting platform, is that right?Rooter (17:44):Realms and in our Discord just talking to users directly. One additional piece that I forgot to mention earlier was that, due to the utilization of the pool being so high because all of the USDC in the platform was borrowed out. That meant that people couldn't withdraw their USDC anymore because basically, the funds are not within the platformBrian (18:08):They're not available. Right.Rooter (18:10):Users were stuck in their position. They were frozen in and they couldn't exit so that was an additional thing that was exacerbating. The whale was causing real problems, it wasn't just potential.Brian (18:20):The borrow rates must've been crazy then.Rooter (18:24):I think USDC was at 60% APR and USCT went up to 200 something.Brian (18:31):Wow.Rooter (18:31):It was quite crazy. Some people were happy to collect that interest, but definitely, I think most people were sweating a little bit.Brian (18:40):Understandably so. Okay. You mentioned that the first proposal was around the OTC liquidations, in the event it came to that. Luckily, it didn't come to that, the price rebounded, then you guys initiated a second proposal which essentially gave your team more time to reevaluate, introduce the minimum one-day voting period. And then you guys also launched a third proposal which passed. Can you walk us through a little bit about what that third proposal entailed?Rooter (19:07):So the third proposal basically implemented new liquidation rules for extremely large accounts so basically, it capped the borrows of any account to $50 million. It would start off the cap at $120 million and gradually decrease it by around 500,000 per hour. Two things there. One is we don't want any single user to be a systemic risk for the platform and so there should be some sort of cap. I think this makes sense and there's pressing for it.Rooter (19:39):If you go to a bank and you ask for 100X leverage on a trade, or if you go to a crypto exchange like FDX or Binance, for a very long time you could do 100X leverage if you had say $100 dollars in your account. It's just a gamble, it's a lottery ticket or whatever. But if you go to them and you have $100 million and you tell them, "I want to get 100X leverage," they're going to tell you no, right. They're not just going to give anybody that crazy amount of leverage so you have to consider size. In the same way here, we don't want extremely large users until the platform can absorb it. As Solend grows, we can increase these caps.Rooter (20:16):And then the second part was this gradual reduction. Basically, the intent there was to spread out the liquidation over time so that we don't get a sudden $20 million sale that could cause chaos. We have them in much smaller chunks, such that the liquidations could get absorbed. If you sell a little bit on the decks it'll cause some slippage but not a crazy amount, and then it can get armed with centralized exchanges and other parties. It'll happen over the course of a couple days rather than just a couple hours or less.Brian (20:48):This third proposal passed as well, this was the latest proposal. Thankfully in hindsight, none of this actually had to come to the test. SOL rebounded, I assume the whale is no longer in imminent risk of liquidation. But I'm curious because you mentioned throughout this, one of your guiding principles is doing right by your users. You guys have done a number of different initiatives outside of that to prove that. And then you also mentioned your users were among the most vocal asking for you guys to take action here. I'm curious, where does governance come into play? What is a good time for enacting governance as a protocol founder? What decisions can you guys make as a team? What times do you actually need to bring in the community vote in situations like these?Rooter (21:32):One last thing to wrap up the whale thing. In the end, we actually were able to get in contact with them. Basically, they heard the news and someone had reached out to the Binance team ... Or, we had reached out to some people who helped us get in touch with the Binance team who then forwarded our message along to the whale. Shortly after proposing SLND3, we got in contact and talked about some mitigation strategies. In the end, they reduced their position on Solend and the price of SOL rebounded, as you mentioned. We were in the clear after that. Moving on to the question about decentralization. Basically, my thinking there is that it's better to build something worth decentralizing than to decentralize nothing. And it takes time to get to that point where you have something valuable that's worth decentralizing. My thinking basically is, if you're fully decentralized from day one it makes things extremely hard.Rooter (22:26):I don't know if you've participated in many DAOs, but if you have you would know how extremely inefficient they can be and how oftentimes there's a lot of this bystander effect where people do nothing, just stand around waiting for others to do something. I believe that there needs to be some spearheading entity that gets things done and then gets it to a point where it can be decentralized to the community and governed by the community later on. But the whole startup maze of discovery and pivoting to find product market fit and reacting to changing market environments, that's very hard to navigate as a DAO.Rooter (23:04):I don't remember who put it out at the beginning, but this idea of decentralization over time, and we're embracing that. We are working on a decentralization roadmap, which we're going to release soon. And basically, it'll outline what are the milestones on the way to decentralization? And what are the steps that we're going to take? I mean, even Bitcoin wasn't decentralized on day one, right. At the beginning, most of the hash power was owned by Satoshi and his associates and whatnot, his friends, and, it took a while for the hash power to be, as we would call it, sufficiently decentralized.Brian (23:42):Is there anything that you would do differently looking back on this whole situation?Rooter (23:46):That's a very tough question. Looking back in the situation that we were at, we were in between a rock and a hard place, and we were faced with a real-life trolley problem where one option is we gamble with our users' funds and potentially let them lose hundreds of million dollars and the life of Solend. And the other is doing something controversial that doesn't sit well with a lot of people. It was very tough and definitely hope to never have to make this decision again, but I think what we would do is we would always put our users first I think. Having users lose money is the worst thing that could happen so we would do everything we can to prevent that from happening.Brian (24:28):I commend you for your composure in responding to that situation. A lot of people like to chirp on Twitter. I think a lot of people who are working in Web 3.0 or founders of projects know what it's like to be in the arena there, and definitely don't envy your position but also, I think it's great that you guys have that principle of doing right by your users.Rooter (24:50):That was definitely tough. There was a lot of criticism directed directly at us as well. And the frustrating thing was, none of these people were users. None of them had ever touched Solend's, maybe never even touched Solana, but they were just criticizing from the sidelines. A lot of them had something to gain sort of. Maybe they were maxis or they have a platform where controversy and engagement drives metrics for them. It's an ugly reality of things.Brian (25:23):One last point on this. For any founders who are thinking about starting their own project in Web 3.0, generally, maybe listening to this podcast, is there anything you would tell them about governance as a whole or what you've learned so far in your time at Solend?Rooter (25:37):It definitely helps to be proactive and to set things up, and discuss things with people as early as possible. But at the same time, I think if you're just starting out a project, I wouldn't suggest to spin up a DAO immediately unless it's a DAO-specific project like X DAO or whatever. NOODLE's DAO or some fan club. If you're working on a startup, which happens to be crypto-powered, I would definitely suggest to figure out your place in the market first, figure out some product market fit before spending too much time decentralizing. Because if you spend all of your time and effort on the DAO piece and your startup ends up failing because it can't find product-market fit, then what's the point? That would be my advice.Brian (26:25):Well said. I want to switch gears here. I know we've been talking a lot about your guys' plans with decentralization over time. I think that's really exciting. You guys also have a number of other product launches though related to Solend. And recently, you guys announced the launch of your isolated pools product. Can you give us a quick overview of what these isolated pools are? I know STEPN has been a big example here. Can you walk us through how end user might interact with some of these pools?Rooter (26:51):An isolated pool is basically a separate pool of assets that can be cross-lent and borrowed. And this is in contrast to the main pool that we have on Solend, which was the first one that we launched with, and every time we list an asset it would go into that main pool. But the problem with that is, if you list an asset with low liquidity that is, therefore, more easily manipulatable, it opens up the entire pool to attack, not just that asset. To take one simple example. Let's say there's some token and an attacker was able to manipulate the price such that Oracle's believe that it's a million dollars a coin, then a user could deposit some of these tokens and borrow millions of dollars worth of assets against it. Millions of dollars worth of USCC, SOL, et cetera, and then just let the price fall back DAOn to say pennies and just walk away with the debt not intending to ever repay it.Rooter (27:50):Basically, yes, you need to be very careful about which assets you list. And everything in the main pool has to be of extremely high-quality, and not manipulable, and not just mintable willy-nilly. If someone could just print an infinite amount and deposit and borrow against it, that's also a big issue that we want to avoid. What isolated pools does is, we can set up these separate pools that we can then list riskier assets. And if there is an issue, it would be isolated to that pool. So we're not saying there's not going to be any issues ever, potentially at some point there would be issues, but users are opting into that risk when they enter into an isolated pool.Rooter (28:30):Some of the interesting things that we've done with these in the past is one, it's called the Turbo SOL pool so it's a pool with only SOL and USDC in it. And basically, since we have only these two really high-quality assets, we're able to increase the loan-to-value ratios for these assets. So rather than being 75%, so you can only borrow 75% of the value against your collateral, here you can borrow 95% which lets you get 10X leverage. So that's a pretty interesting use case. If you only want to leverage trade SOL versus USCC then you're better off using the Turbo SOL pool where you can get higher leverage or you can just have a lower liquidation price.Rooter (29:13):And then the other side is, listing long tail assets. One very interesting one as you mentioned was a STEPN pool. We have this pool where there's GST, which is the token that you earn from walking, and GMT, which is the STEPN governance project token. This has been an extremely popular one where it was growing a lot. The number of users in this isolate pool was our fastest growing for some time. And it opened up some interesting use cases which showcases the power of DeFi and composability. So basically, STEPN just launched their token, they don't have anything to do with lending markets or whatnot, but we are able to just launch that permissionlessly and provide a product for users to use to do a couple of things.Rooter (30:01):One is, they can hedge their entry to STEPN. Rather than paying $500 for a pair of shoes to start walking, you can borrow a bunch of GMT or GST and sell it to US dollars and then buy the shoe with that. And what that does is, if STEPN as a whole doesn't do well, for whatever reason, and the price of its shoes go DAOn, probably the price of GST and GMT is going to go DAOn as well so you end up saving that money since you didn't make such a big upfront investment so you can hedge your entry costs. And another interesting thing you can do is you can borrow GST to level up your shoes and pay it off later so it's level up now pay later. Buy now pay later.Brian (30:49):Buy now pay later but for STEPN.Rooter (30:50):Exactly.Brian (30:52):That's awesome. How have you guys seen this DeFi component fitting in with the general onboarding funnel for something like STEPN? I think STEPN's fairly unique. It brought in maybe a lot of users who weren't familiar with crypto for the first time. Do you see this as something that's more of an advanced feature today or could this potentially, in its own way, be a bit of a gateway drug to onboarding on the DeFi directly getting new users who might not have ever had a wall before to open up wallet and deposit in Solend because of the yields that they see?Rooter (31:24):It's definitely a more advanced feature. Users that use this have to be aware of their liquidation risk and they have to manage that which is pretty tricky and ideally would understand how markets work. What's an order book? Just those basics. I think a lot of people in crypto take it for granted because they've been just breathing it, eating it for breakfast every day for so long, but it does take some time to learn these concepts. The one beginner feature is you could just deposit your GST or GMT and lend it out for yield, that's pretty simple. It's good to understand the risks involved as well, but that's a much simpler product than borrowing against and managing liquidation.Rooter (32:04):And, by the way, the interest rates on GST and GMT were historically extremely high, something like 500% API which made it very exciting. And that definitely brought on a lot of people, which a lot of them were beginners to DeFi, hadn't really used crypto products much but were attracted by those very high yields, especially those that were holding GST anyway because maybe they were saving up for the next big purchase and why not earn 500% API per year?Brian (32:33):That makes a lot of sense. 500% though, I think that starts to ... Maybe some folks who aren't familiar with crypto, that starts stirring a too good to be true. For those who were around in DeFi Summer, that's small fry numbers. I think a natural extension of this concept of an isolated pool gets at something that you guys have hinted a little bit called permissionless pools. Is there anything that you guys can share about this?Rooter (32:58):As I mentioned a while ago, when I was using lending protocols and then DeFi Summer, there are a bunch of things that I wish there were lending markets for. I really wish that I could just list my own, but it's a lot of work to start a whole lending protocol, and get usage, and get network effects, and whatnot. As you mentioned, the natural next step from isolated pools is allowing anyone to list their own. And this has been something that I've wanted to get to for a very long time and so it's very cool to finally be seeing this come to fruition. Basically, quite soon, maybe by the time this pod airs, we're launching permissionless pools, which anyone can list whatever asset they want. I think it's quite a powerful concept since on day one that an asset list gets launched you can have a lending market for it so you can short anything on day one, you can leverage long anything on day one, you can use anything as collateral for a loan on day one, all powered by the community.Rooter (33:57):Going back to isolated pools, we've been launching one isolated pool about once a week, but even then we only have ... Right now we have 40 something assets and around 16 different isolated pools, but it's going to take us forever to list everything in Solana ecosystem, right, there's thousands of tokens. And at this rate of once a week, even though that's a pretty decent rate we're just never going to get to everything. I guess borrowing some lessons from Uniswap, they have permissionless listings and it made sense that they could list everything under the sun without having to spend any engineering time on it.Rooter (34:34):And in contrast to that, centralized exchanges like buying that through Coinbase, they have to spend maybe a week of engineering's time to set everything up, especially if they have legacy systems that are not designed from the start to be rapid listing machines. Coinbase, for example, as a startup, it was only for buying Bitcoin, and then they added Ethereum later on. And then now there's hundreds of assets but it took a really long time to get there, and it takes up a lot of engineering time. In this way, we're able to provide a market for everything on Solana, and we're removing ourselves as a gatekeeper and as a blocker for having these markets.Brian (35:13):That's really cool to hear. I do think that is one of the main selling points of a decentralized protocol like this is just capturing the long tail of all assets in a really efficient way. I think this dovetails pretty nicely too with what you mentioned with this hint at what your guys' plans are for decentralizing long term. I guess looking ahead, what are you most excited to build with Solend? What do you envision is the end state for how Solend fits into the broader Solana ecosystem?Rooter (35:40):One of the big parts that we're encouraging is developer usage. Solend at the end of the day is a platform. We have Sea Tokens that make it extremely easy to integrate with. Sea Tokens are just like any other SPL token that represent your deposit. And basically, we want Solend to be pretty deeply integrated into the ecosystem and be used across various different use cases. Lending is a core primitive of DeFi and it's a building block that should be used as much as possible. I really see ourselves at the base layer of Solana as a primitive that's used in many different other products.Brian (36:21):That's awesome. Well, I think you guys are definitely well on your way to being there. Rooter, this is a great discussion. Thanks for your time. One last question we ask to all our guests. Who is a builder that you admire in the Solana ecosystem?Rooter (36:34):I really admire the Orca team. Yutaro and Grace inspired me to build Solend right at the beginning because ... I knew Yutaro from his Orion days and I knew he was a very talented dev. Seeing him jump into Solana was definitely a factor for me to take a second look at it. If you haven't already had them, I would definitely recommend them.Brian (36:58):Couldn't agree more. We had Orion for I believe our third episode that we launched. They do a really great job of setting the UX bar very high in crypto, especially when it comes to DeFi projects, as you guys do as well. Well, Rooter, this is great. Thanks so much for your time. Where can people go to learn more about you and to learn more about Solend?Rooter (37:18):So for myself, you can follow me on Twitter, I'm at 0xrooter, most active there. For Solend, Solend.fi is the website and Solendprotocol on Twitter where you can find all of our updates. From there you can find all the links to everything else like our documentation and whatnot. Developer, portal, and whatnot.Brian (37:38):Perfect. Thank you, Rooter.Rooter (37:39):Thank you.