Podcasts about amyloid plaques

Guest Michael Greicius is an authority on Alzheimer's disease. He makes the case that while effective treatments have remained elusive, there are high hopes for new approaches that target tau proteins in the brain associated with the disease. In the meantime, to reduce Alzheimer's risk stay active, eat well, and manage circulatory risks, but skip genetic testing for now until better treatments emerge, Greicius tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering's The Future of Everything podcast.Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your quest. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu.Episode Reference Links:Stanford Profile:  Michael GreiciusConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / FacebookChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss Altman introduces guest Michael Greicius, a professor of neurology and neurological sciences at Stanford University.(00:02:12) Understanding Alzheimer's DiseaseThe roles of amyloid and tau proteins in Alzheimer's disease.(00:04:53) Challenges in Developing TreatmentsThe multiple hurdles in creating Alzheimer's therapies.(00:09:07) Current Alzheimer's DrugsThe controversies and limitations of recently approved drugs.(00:10:23) Amyloid Plaques and Their ImpactWhy removing amyloid plaques hasn't improved patient outcomes.(00:14:29) Problems with Alzheimer's TrialsThe disconnect between amyloid removal and patient outcomes.(00:18:03) Functional Unblinding and Trial BiasHow functional unblinding affects trial results and drug evaluations.(00:23:51) The Potential of Targeting TauNew breakthroughs in targeting tau protein for Alzheimer's.(00:26:35) The Future of PreventionPotential preemptive treatments for Alzheimer's and their administration.(00:29:19) Lifestyle and Risk ReductionRecommendations for reducing risk of Alzheimer's disease.(00:31:43) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads / Bluesky / MastodonConnect with School of Engineering >>>Twitter/X / Instagram / LinkedIn / Facebook

We are BACK for SEASON FIVE of the pod! In this episode, Dr. Jessica Steier and Dr. Sarah Scheinman discuss Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline. They cover essential topics including the definition and symptoms of Alzheimer's, the genetic and epigenetic basis of the disease, brain changes associated with Alzheimer's, risk factors such as age, genetics, and lifestyle, modifiable risk factors and prevention strategies, and current treatments and their controversies. The scientists emphasize that maintaining overall health is crucial for brain health. They recommend a combination of lifestyle choices that promote general well-being, which in turn support cognitive health. They explore various treatment options, including cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, and monoclonal antibodies targeting amyloid beta. The conversation highlights the ongoing debates about treatment efficacy and the need for further research. The episode aims to provide valuable insights and alleviate fears surrounding Alzheimer's disease. It concludes with a rapid-fire Q&A segment addressing listeners' questions. All our sources from this episode are available at: https://www.unbiasedscipod.com/episodes/dont-you-forget-about-me-unraveling-alzheimers (00:01) Music and Season Five Welcome (04:30) Introducing Dr. Sarah Scheinman and the Topic of Alzheimer's (07:49) Understanding Alzheimer's Disease and Its Symptoms (10:50) The Genetic and Epigenetic Basis of Alzheimer's (18:23) Risk Factors for Alzheimer's: Age, Genetics, and Lifestyle (26:02) The Role of Amyloid Plaques and Tau Tangles in Alzheimer's (30:37) Promoting Early Diagnosis and Intervention for Alzheimer's (35:21) Breaking Down the Stigma and Building Scientific Literacy (41:51) Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease (46:27) Monoclonal Antibodies and Controversy (53:50) Diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease (55:32) Final Thoughts: Q&A: Common Questions About Alzheimer's Disease Interested in advertising with us? Please reach out to advertising@airwavemedia.com, with “Unbiased Science” in the subject line. PLEASE NOTE: The discussion and information provided in this podcast are for general educational, scientific, and informational purposes only and are not intended as, and should not be treated as, medical or other professional advice for any particular individual or individuals. Every person and medical issue is different, and diagnosis and treatment requires consideration of specific facts often unique to the individual. As such, the information contained in this podcast should not be used as a substitute for consultation with and/or treatment by a doctor or other medical professional. If you are experiencing any medical issue or have any medical concern, you should consult with a doctor or other medical professional. Further, due to the inherent limitations of a podcast such as this as well as ongoing scientific developments, we do not guarantee the completeness or accuracy of the information or analysis provided in this podcast, although, of course we always endeavor to provide comprehensive information and analysis. In no event may Unbiased Science or any of the participants in this podcast be held liable to the listener or anyone else for any decision allegedly made or action allegedly taken or not taken allegedly in reliance on the discussion or information in this podcast or for any damages allegedly resulting from such reliance. The information provided herein do not represent the views of our employers. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Good morning from Pharma and Biotech daily: the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in the Pharma and Biotech world. ## News 1: New Breakthrough in Cancer TreatmentResearchers have made a groundbreaking discovery in cancer treatment. They have identified a new target protein that plays a crucial role in tumor growth. This finding could lead to the development of more effective therapies for cancer patients. The team is now working on designing drugs that can specifically target this protein and inhibit its function. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment and improve patient outcomes.## News 2: Successful Clinical Trial for Alzheimer's DrugIn a recent clinical trial, an experimental drug has shown promising results in treating Alzheimer's disease. The drug, which targets the build-up of amyloid plaques in the brain, was able to slow down cognitive decline in patients with early-stage Alzheimer's. This is a significant step forward in the search for a cure for this devastating disease. Further research and development are needed, but this trial brings hope to millions of people affected by Alzheimer's.## News 3: FDA Approves New Diabetes MedicationThe FDA has recently approved a new medication for the treatment of diabetes. This drug works by increasing insulin production and improving insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes. It has shown great potential in clinical trials, with many patients experiencing improved blood sugar control and reduced risk of complications. This approval provides another option for individuals struggling with this chronic condition and could help them better manage their diabetes.## News 4: Breakthrough in Gene Therapy for Cystic FibrosisScientists have made a significant breakthrough in gene therapy for cystic fibrosis. They have successfully delivered a healthy copy of the defective gene responsible for this condition into the lungs of patients using a viral vector. This has resulted in improved lung function and quality of life for these individuals. Gene therapy holds great promise for treating genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis, and this breakthrough brings us one step closer to making it a reality.## News 5: Exciting Developments in COVID-19 VaccinesSeveral pharmaceutical companies are making significant progress in the development of COVID-19 vaccines. Phase 3 clinical trials have shown promising results, with high efficacy rates and minimal side effects. These vaccines have the potential to bring an end to the global pandemic and allow us to return to normalcy. The scientific community is working tirelessly to ensure the safety and effectiveness of these vaccines, and they are expected to be available to the public in the near future.Thank you for listening to Pharma and Biotech daily. Stay tuned for more updates on the latest news and breakthroughs in the Pharma and Biotech world.

TPS Report Live Show • Zelenskyy wants WW3 at ANY cost! Volodymyr Zelenskyy is trying to drag United States into a war based solely on a lie. And everyone is covering for him. Donald Trump announced that he will be running for president again in 2024, the polls. Don't look good for him at the moment. Scientists Say Alzheimer's Is an Autoimmune Disease, Not Result of Amyloid Plaques. ~~~~ SUPPORT THE CHANNEL ~~~~ If you've enjoyed our content consider supporting the channel by becoming a member for $2! Bonus content and perks. https://tpsreportlive.locals.com Subscribe and turn on notifications to know when we go LIVE... www.rumble.com/tpsreportlive www.facebook.com/tpsreportlive

An experimental Alzheimer's drug really may be 'historic,' and some stunning data on what COVID does to people's brains. Also, is coffee good (or bad) for your heart?

JMART CAST is J-Mart's Monday Morning Podcast about his life and Bitcoin. Like Bill Burr but bettah :PToday's episode is about:Going to Echo Valley Ranch to buy raw milkImpact of nutrition on dementiaFraudulent research on amyloid plaques causing Alzheimer's diseaseMy favourite tweet from #TrudeauMustGo and #TrudeauHasGotToGo Connect with J-Mart on Social MediaInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/jmartfit/​Twitter - https://twitter.com/jmartfitFacebook page - https://fb.me/jmartmoves​Medium page - https://jmartwrites.medium.com/Newsletter - newsletter@jmartfit.comYou can also check out my State of Health Podcast (health education geared) on the platform of your choice:Apple - https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/state-of-health/id1540500767Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/280adseGOPdxg6cZZrTqbR?si=gBPeEknXR0y7gW1DuZpSxQAmazon Music - https://music.amazon.ca/podcasts/01bb34c0-00a2-45e2-8627-95c32aba7c0e/state-of-healthStitcher - https://www.stitcher.com/show/state-of-healthGoogle Podcasts - https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5yZWRjaXJjbGUuY29tL2QzZGIwODYxLWJmODItNDc0Mi1iZGYzLWMyZDAxODQ4ODY2Ng==Referral LinksShakepay - Sign up with my link and we'll each get $10 to buy Bitcoin:https://shakepay.me/r/HNT0N6QLedn - Earn interest on your Bitcoin (could be risky to have someone else hold your Bitcoin for you though, be cautious)https://platform.ledn.io/join/c15adfd34db69ea38fcdbf571467c643Wild Meadows Farm — Amazing quality meat from a Southern Ontario farmhttps://wildmeadowsfarm.ca/register?referral_code=V2OMFtc5XYJdSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/state-of-health/donationsMusic: www.bensound.com

We're talking brain health this week! And we have a treat for you! “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator joins us in the studio to share his story. Tune in to learn how he found a passion in plant medicine. We also dig into brain health and the causes of Alzheimer's and dementia.   ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.   Since then, his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated.   Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.   Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide.   John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.”   Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Evolution of a Treasure Hunter Traveled to Ecuador and down into Peru, with a passion for finding lost cities of gold, essentially a treasure hunter. Was making his living with some of that material, and then some artifacts. Next, into Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina with gemstones, and took that on as treasure. Then later going up the river in the Amazon rainforest, he was trading in blowguns and carved monkey bones, and a variety of tribal artifacts and became ill. This is where his passion for plant medicine was ignited. The natives brewed a special tea from local plants. This not only improved his illness but he actually felt better than ever before in his life. This is where the Amazon Herb Company was born and has helped people improve their health with plant medicine for 30 years. How Amazon John Came to Focus on Brain Health Through research of diseases with Doctors he found eight major areas where everyone is affected, and almost every specific challenge falls within these categories: Immune System Primary Digestion Secondary Digestion (Metabolism) Energy Circulation Calming & Stress Related Issues Hormonal Balancing Inflammatory Issues (pain, sewelling) Blood Sugar Balancing The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw. The incidence of death from heart disease in the last 15 years has actually declined by about 11%. The deaths due to Alzheimer's have increased 123%.   Alzheiners and Dementia by the Numbers “The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw.” People over 65, one in 10 have Alzheimer's dementia. Deaths of people over 65 years old, one out of three of those deaths will be due to Alzheimer's. Actually, more people are dying of Alzheimer's than prostate cancer and breast cancer combined. And the cost is 270 billion dollars now. It's expected to go to 1.4 trillion over the next few years. The Center of Disease Control said that this could break the entire health system.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off. Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Brain Health – Supplementation and Diet Polyphenols – Many of the health benefits associated with polyphenols may be related to their role as antioxidants. Antioxidants are known for their ability to combat cell damage. Anthocyanins – Powerful antioxidants – the red/blue/violet phytonutrients responsible for the vibrant pigmentation of many berries and vegetables. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor – several botanicals that help stimulate; una de gato, cat's claw Cacao – can slow down the process of brain cells dying. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde, has been shown to slow down, to break down amyloid plaquing, and help dissolve the tau tangles.   Resources: Organixx's NEW Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Whole World Botanicals Vibrational Energy Medicine The Moche-Chimú Transition Chimu Civilization Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications Epicatechin Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Bacopa: This Little-Known Indian Herb Supports Brain Health and More! Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay

We're talking brain health this week! And we have a treat for you! “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator joins us in the studio to share his story. Tune in to learn how he found a passion in plant medicine. We also dig into brain health and the causes of Alzheimer's and dementia.   ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.   Since then, his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated.   Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.   Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide.   John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.”   Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Evolution of a Treasure Hunter Traveled to Ecuador and down into Peru, with a passion for finding lost cities of gold, essentially a treasure hunter. Was making his living with some of that material, and then some artifacts. Next, into Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina with gemstones, and took that on as treasure. Then later going up the river in the Amazon rainforest, he was trading in blowguns and carved monkey bones, and a variety of tribal artifacts and became ill. This is where his passion for plant medicine was ignited. The natives brewed a special tea from local plants. This not only improved his illness but he actually felt better than ever before in his life. This is where the Amazon Herb Company was born and has helped people improve their health with plant medicine for 30 years. How Amazon John Came to Focus on Brain Health Through research of diseases with Doctors he found eight major areas where everyone is affected, and almost every specific challenge falls within these categories: Immune System Primary Digestion Secondary Digestion (Metabolism) Energy Circulation Calming & Stress Related Issues Hormonal Balancing Inflammatory Issues (pain, sewelling) Blood Sugar Balancing The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw. The incidence of death from heart disease in the last 15 years has actually declined by about 11%. The deaths due to Alzheimer's have increased 123%.   Alzheiners and Dementia by the Numbers “The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw.” People over 65, one in 10 have Alzheimer's dementia. Deaths of people over 65 years old, one out of three of those deaths will be due to Alzheimer's. Actually, more people are dying of Alzheimer's than prostate cancer and breast cancer combined. And the cost is 270 billion dollars now. It's expected to go to 1.4 trillion over the next few years. The Center of Disease Control said that this could break the entire health system.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off. Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Brain Health – Supplementation and Diet Polyphenols – Many of the health benefits associated with polyphenols may be related to their role as antioxidants. Antioxidants are known for their ability to combat cell damage. Anthocyanins – Powerful antioxidants – the red/blue/violet phytonutrients responsible for the vibrant pigmentation of many berries and vegetables. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor – several botanicals that help stimulate; una de gato, cat's claw Cacao – can slow down the process of brain cells dying. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde, has been shown to slow down, to break down amyloid plaquing, and help dissolve the tau tangles.   Resources: Organixx's NEW Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Whole World Botanicals Vibrational Energy Medicine The Moche-Chimú Transition Chimu Civilization Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications Epicatechin Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Bacopa: This Little-Known Indian Herb Supports Brain Health and More! Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay

GET TRANSCRIPT AND FULL SHOWNOTES: melanieavalon.com/geniusfoods 2:05 - IF Biohackers: Intermittent Fasting + Real Foods + Life: Join Melanie's Facebook At Facebook.com/groups/paleoOMAD Group For A Weekly Episode GIVEAWAY, And To Discuss And Learn About All Things Biohacking! All Conversations Welcome! 2:15 - Follow Melanie On Instagram To See The Latest Moments, Products, And #AllTheThings! @MelanieAvalon 2:30 - AVALONX SERRAPEPTASE: Get Melanie's Serrapeptase Supplement: A Proteolytic Enzyme Which May Help Clear Sinuses And Brain Fog, Reduce Allergies, Support A Healthy Inflammatory State, Enhance Wound Healing, Break Down Fatty Deposits And Amyloid Plaque, Supercharge Your Fast, And More!  AvalonX Supplements Are Free Of Toxic Fillers And Common Allergens (Including Wheat, Rice, Gluten, Dairy, Shellfish, Nuts, Soy, Eggs, And Yeast), Tested To Be Free Of Heavy Metals And Mold, And Triple Tested For Purity And Potency. Order At AvalonX.us, And Get On The Email List To Stay Up To Date With All The Special Offers And News About Melanie's New Supplements At melanieavalon.com/avalonx 6:20 - FOOD SENSE GUIDE: Get Melanie's App At Melanieavalon.com/foodsenseguide To Tackle Your Food Sensitivities! Food Sense Includes A Searchable Catalogue Of 300+ Foods, Revealing Their Gluten, FODMAP, Lectin, Histamine, Amine, Glutamate, Oxalate, Salicylate, Sulfite, And Thiol Status. Food Sense Also Includes Compound Overviews, Reactions To Look For, Lists Of Foods High And Low In Them, The Ability To Create Your Own Personal Lists, And More! 7:15 - BEAUTYCOUNTER: Non-Toxic Beauty Products Tested For Heavy Metals, Which Support Skin Health And Look Amazing! Shop At beautycounter.com/melanieavalon For Something Magical! For Exclusive Offers And Discounts, And More On The Science Of Skincare, Get On Melanie's Private Beautycounter Email List At melanieavalon.com/cleanbeauty! Find Your Perfect Beautycounter Products With Melanie's Quiz: melanieavalon.com/beautycounterquiz 11:05 - Max's Personal Story 15:05 - Having The Risk Factor 20:40 - Dietary And Lifestyle Factors 21:30 - Environmental Pollutants; Fine Particle Matter 24:35 - DRY FARM WINES: Low Sugar, Low Alcohol, Toxin-Free, Mold-Free, Pesticide-Free, Hang-Over Free Natural Wine! Use The Link dryfarmwines.com/melanieavalon To Get A Bottle For A Penny! 26:20 - Protein Build Up In The Brain 28:05 - Amyloid Hypothesis & Other Possible Causes Of Dementia 28:30 - Cholesterol 30:15 - APOE4 Gene 35:10 - Variances In APOE  37:15 - Dietary Fats, Specifically Saturated Fat 41:10 - Vegan Approach To Brain Health​​ 43:10 - Choline 44:15 - Creatine 46:05 - SUNLIGHTEN: Get Up To $200 Off AND $99 Shipping (Regularly $598) With The Code MelanieAvalon At MelanieAvalon.Com/Sunlighten. Forward Your Proof Of Purchase To Podcast@MelanieAvalon.Com, To Receive A Signed Copy Of What When Wine! 47:40 - Furan Fatty Acids 49:40 - The Problem With Isolating Nutrients 50:30 - Taurine 52:00 - Types Of Fuel For The Brain 56:10 - Ketones Affect On Alzheimer's  57:20 - Medium Chain Triglycerides 58:00 - Insulin Degrading Enzyme 1:00:50 - Mindset & Wobbly Furniture

Ready to take your brain health to the next level? Ready to be proactive, or even reverse, the signs of brain aging? Then this episode is definitely for you! We are fortunate to have “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator, with us again this week. He dives into the plant medicine treasures he's found in the Amazon Rainforest that beautifully support healthy brain function and help you ward off brain aging.   ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.   Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated.   Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.   Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide.   John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.”   Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Botanicals to Improve Brain Health Una de Gato – Cat's Claw Primarily known for its ability to stimulate the macrophage phagocytosis activity, which is our immune system. Source of epicatechins and the brain derived neurotropic. Stimulates neurogenesis – the creation of new brain cells. Camu Camu Tremendous source for a whole food vitamin C. Powerful anti-inflammatory. Increases the proper cycling of serotonin. Potent source of polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol. Bacopa Reduces brain amyloid levels in mice by as much as 60%. Increases cognitive function in humans. An ayurvedic plant. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde Able to break down tau tangles. It's anti-inflammatory. Balances sugar levels. Cacao Is anti-inflammatory. Helps increase microcirculation in the brain. Contains epicatechins, which have been shown to be very helpful for brain chemistry and to help to slow down the death of healthy brain cells Pau d'Arco Many medicinal properties include antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-parasitic. Scientists have found that Pau d'Arco has a unique, two-pronged effect on fungal infections. … In this way, it is able to kill off a variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, including Candida albicans. Good source of polyphenols. Anti-inflammatory. Dragon's Blood – Sangra de Grado Pure antioxidant by dry weight. Great source of proanthocyanidins. Anti-inflammatory. Helps facilitate the breakdown of plaquing in the brain. Guayusa Substitute for caffeine. Enables ‘first time' memories to be recalled. Anti-inflammatory.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Resources: Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Camu Camu Cat's Claw, Uña De Gato (Uncaria Tomentosa) Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor And Its Clinical Implications Bacopa monniera Extract Reduces Amyloid Levels In Psapp Mice Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Cacao Pau d‘Arco Proanthocyanidins Guayusa Raphael Mechoulam Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures - Infographic Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Epicatechin Caffeine Reverses Cognitive Impairment and Decreases Brain Amyloid-β Levels in Aged Alzheimer's Disease Mice Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay Lion's Mane Mushroom: Brain Protector? 6 Incredible Health Benefits of Cinnamon for Metabolism, the Brain and More!  

Ready to take your brain health to the next level? Ready to be proactive, or even reverse, the signs of brain aging? Then this episode is definitely for you! We are fortunate to have “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator, with us again this week. He dives into the plant medicine treasures he's found in the Amazon Rainforest that beautifully support healthy brain function and help you ward off brain aging.   ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.   Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated.   Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.   Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide.   John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.”   Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Botanicals to Improve Brain Health Una de Gato – Cat's Claw Primarily known for its ability to stimulate the macrophage phagocytosis activity, which is our immune system. Source of epicatechins and the brain derived neurotropic. Stimulates neurogenesis – the creation of new brain cells. Camu Camu Tremendous source for a whole food vitamin C. Powerful anti-inflammatory. Increases the proper cycling of serotonin. Potent source of polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol. Bacopa Reduces brain amyloid levels in mice by as much as 60%. Increases cognitive function in humans. An ayurvedic plant. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde Able to break down tau tangles. It's anti-inflammatory. Balances sugar levels. Cacao Is anti-inflammatory. Helps increase microcirculation in the brain. Contains epicatechins, which have been shown to be very helpful for brain chemistry and to help to slow down the death of healthy brain cells Pau d'Arco Many medicinal properties include antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-parasitic. Scientists have found that Pau d'Arco has a unique, two-pronged effect on fungal infections. … In this way, it is able to kill off a variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, including Candida albicans. Good source of polyphenols. Anti-inflammatory. Dragon's Blood – Sangra de Grado Pure antioxidant by dry weight. Great source of proanthocyanidins. Anti-inflammatory. Helps facilitate the breakdown of plaquing in the brain. Guayusa Substitute for caffeine. Enables ‘first time' memories to be recalled. Anti-inflammatory.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Resources: Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Camu Camu Cat's Claw, Uña De Gato (Uncaria Tomentosa) Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor And Its Clinical Implications Bacopa monniera Extract Reduces Amyloid Levels In Psapp Mice Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Cacao Pau d‘Arco Proanthocyanidins Guayusa Raphael Mechoulam Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures - Infographic Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Epicatechin Caffeine Reverses Cognitive Impairment and Decreases Brain Amyloid-β Levels in Aged Alzheimer's Disease Mice Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay Lion's Mane Mushroom: Brain Protector? 6 Incredible Health Benefits of Cinnamon for Metabolism, the Brain and More!

We're talking brain health this week! And we have a treat for you! “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator joins us in the studio to share his story. Tune in to learn how he found a passion in plant medicine. We also dig into brain health and the causes of Alzheimer's and dementia.    ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.   Since then, his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated.   Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.   Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide.   John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.”   Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Evolution of a Treasure Hunter Traveled to Ecuador and down into Peru, with a passion for finding lost cities of gold, essentially a treasure hunter. Was making his living with some of that material, and then some artifacts. Next, into Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina with gemstones, and took that on as treasure. Then later going up the river in the Amazon rainforest, he was trading in blowguns and carved monkey bones, and a variety of tribal artifacts and became ill. This is where his passion for plant medicine was ignited. The natives brewed a special tea from local plants. This not only improved his illness but he actually felt better than ever before in his life. This is where the Amazon Herb Company was born and has helped people improve their health with plant medicine for 30 years. How Amazon John Came to Focus on Brain Health Through research of diseases with Doctors he found eight major areas where everyone is affected, and almost every specific challenge falls within these categories: Immune System Primary Digestion Secondary Digestion (Metabolism) Energy Circulation Calming & Stress Related Issues Hormonal Balancing Inflammatory Issues (pain, sewelling) Blood Sugar Balancing The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw. The incidence of death from heart disease in the last 15 years has actually declined by about 11%. The deaths due to Alzheimer's have increased 123%.   Alzheiners and Dementia by the Numbers “The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw.” People over 65, one in 10 have Alzheimer's dementia. Deaths of people over 65 years old, one out of three of those deaths will be due to Alzheimer's. Actually, more people are dying of Alzheimer's than prostate cancer and breast cancer combined. And the cost is 270 billion dollars now. It's expected to go to 1.4 trillion over the next few years. The Center of Disease Control said that this could break the entire health system.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off. Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Brain Health – Supplementation and Diet Polyphenols – Many of the health benefits associated with polyphenols may be related to their role as antioxidants. Antioxidants are known for their ability to combat cell damage. Anthocyanins – Powerful antioxidants – the red/blue/violet phytonutrients responsible for the vibrant pigmentation of many berries and vegetables. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor – several botanicals that help stimulate; una de gato, cat's claw Cacao – can slow down the process of brain cells dying. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde, has been shown to slow down, to break down amyloid plaquing, and help dissolve the tau tangles.   Resources: Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Whole World Botanicals Vibrational Energy Medicine The Moche-Chimú Transition Chimu Civilization Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia: Facts & Figures - infographics Alzheimer's & Dementia: Facts and Figures - article Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications Epicatechin Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Bacopa: This Little-Known Indian Herb Supports Brain Health and More! Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay  

We're talking brain health this week! And we have a treat for you! “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator joins us in the studio to share his story. Tune in to learn how he found a passion in plant medicine. We also dig into brain health and the causes of Alzheimer's and dementia.    ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.   Since then, his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated.   Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.   Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide.   John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.”   Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Evolution of a Treasure Hunter Traveled to Ecuador and down into Peru, with a passion for finding lost cities of gold, essentially a treasure hunter. Was making his living with some of that material, and then some artifacts. Next, into Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina with gemstones, and took that on as treasure. Then later going up the river in the Amazon rainforest, he was trading in blowguns and carved monkey bones, and a variety of tribal artifacts and became ill. This is where his passion for plant medicine was ignited. The natives brewed a special tea from local plants. This not only improved his illness but he actually felt better than ever before in his life. This is where the Amazon Herb Company was born and has helped people improve their health with plant medicine for 30 years. How Amazon John Came to Focus on Brain Health Through research of diseases with Doctors he found eight major areas where everyone is affected, and almost every specific challenge falls within these categories: Immune System Primary Digestion Secondary Digestion (Metabolism) Energy Circulation Calming & Stress Related Issues Hormonal Balancing Inflammatory Issues (pain, sewelling) Blood Sugar Balancing The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw. The incidence of death from heart disease in the last 15 years has actually declined by about 11%. The deaths due to Alzheimer's have increased 123%.   Alzheiners and Dementia by the Numbers “The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw.” People over 65, one in 10 have Alzheimer's dementia. Deaths of people over 65 years old, one out of three of those deaths will be due to Alzheimer's. Actually, more people are dying of Alzheimer's than prostate cancer and breast cancer combined. And the cost is 270 billion dollars now. It's expected to go to 1.4 trillion over the next few years. The Center of Disease Control said that this could break the entire health system.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off. Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Brain Health – Supplementation and Diet Polyphenols – Many of the health benefits associated with polyphenols may be related to their role as antioxidants. Antioxidants are known for their ability to combat cell damage. Anthocyanins – Powerful antioxidants – the red/blue/violet phytonutrients responsible for the vibrant pigmentation of many berries and vegetables. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor – several botanicals that help stimulate; una de gato, cat's claw Cacao – can slow down the process of brain cells dying. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde, has been shown to slow down, to break down amyloid plaquing, and help dissolve the tau tangles.   Resources: Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Whole World Botanicals Vibrational Energy Medicine The Moche-Chimú Transition Chimu Civilization Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia: Facts & Figures - infographics Alzheimer's & Dementia: Facts and Figures - article Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications Epicatechin Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Bacopa: This Little-Known Indian Herb Supports Brain Health and More! Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay  

Ready to take your brain health to the next level? Ready to be proactive, or even reverse, the signs of brain aging? Then this episode is definitely for you! We are fortunate to have “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator, with us again this week. He dives into the plant medicine treasures he's found in the Amazon Rainforest that beautifully support healthy brain function and help you ward off brain aging.   ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru. Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated. Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research. Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide. John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.” Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Botanicals to Improve Brain Health Una de Gato – Cat's Claw Primarily known for its ability to stimulate the macrophage phagocytosis activity, which is our immune system. Source of epicatechins and the brain derived neurotropic. Stimulates neurogenesis – the creation of new brain cells. Camu Camu Tremendous source for a whole food vitamin C. Powerful anti-inflammatory. Increases the proper cycling of serotonin. Potent source of polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol. Bacopa Reduces brain amyloid levels in mice by as much as 60%. Increases cognitive function in humans. An ayurvedic plant. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde Able to break down tau tangles. It's anti-inflammatory. Balances sugar levels. Cacao Is anti-inflammatory. Helps increase microcirculation in the brain. Contains epicatechins, which have been shown to be very helpful for brain chemistry and to help to slow down the death of healthy brain cells Pau d'Arco Many medicinal properties include antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-parasitic. Scientists have found that Pau d'Arco has a unique, two-pronged effect on fungal infections. … In this way, it is able to kill off a variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, including Candida albicans. Good source of polyphenols. Anti-inflammatory. Dragon's Blood – Sangra de Grado Pure antioxidant by dry weight. Great source of proanthocyanidins. Anti-inflammatory. Helps facilitate the breakdown of plaquing in the brain. Guayusa Substitute for caffeine. Enables ‘first time' memories to be recalled. Anti-inflammatory.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Resources: Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Camu Camu Cat's Claw, Uña De Gato (Uncaria Tomentosa) Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor And Its Clinical Implications Bacopa monniera Extract Reduces Amyloid Levels In Psapp Mice Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Cacao Pau d‘Arco Proanthocyanidins Guayusa Raphael Mechoulam Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures - PDF Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures - website Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Epicatechin Caffeine Reverses Cognitive Impairment and Decreases Brain Amyloid-β Levels in Aged Alzheimer's Disease Mice Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay Lion's Mane Mushroom: Brain Protector? 6 Incredible Health Benefits of Cinnamon for Metabolism, the Brain and More!

Ready to take your brain health to the next level? Ready to be proactive, or even reverse, the signs of brain aging? Then this episode is definitely for you! We are fortunate to have “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator, with us again this week. He dives into the plant medicine treasures he's found in the Amazon Rainforest that beautifully support healthy brain function and help you ward off brain aging.   ABOUT “AMAZON JOHN” EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru. Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated. Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research. Amazon John's 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including “Good Morning America” and “Fox and Friends”.  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide. John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report “Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines” and Jean Michel Cousteau's “Return to the Amazon.” Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Causes of Alzheimer's and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet – low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics – maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise – improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep – get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Botanicals to Improve Brain Health Una de Gato – Cat's Claw Primarily known for its ability to stimulate the macrophage phagocytosis activity, which is our immune system. Source of epicatechins and the brain derived neurotropic. Stimulates neurogenesis – the creation of new brain cells. Camu Camu Tremendous source for a whole food vitamin C. Powerful anti-inflammatory. Increases the proper cycling of serotonin. Potent source of polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol. Bacopa Reduces brain amyloid levels in mice by as much as 60%. Increases cognitive function in humans. An ayurvedic plant. Cinnamon – cinnamaldehyde Able to break down tau tangles. It's anti-inflammatory. Balances sugar levels. Cacao Is anti-inflammatory. Helps increase microcirculation in the brain. Contains epicatechins, which have been shown to be very helpful for brain chemistry and to help to slow down the death of healthy brain cells Pau d'Arco Many medicinal properties include antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-parasitic. Scientists have found that Pau d'Arco has a unique, two-pronged effect on fungal infections. … In this way, it is able to kill off a variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, including Candida albicans. Good source of polyphenols. Anti-inflammatory. Dragon's Blood – Sangra de Grado Pure antioxidant by dry weight. Great source of proanthocyanidins. Anti-inflammatory. Helps facilitate the breakdown of plaquing in the brain. Guayusa Substitute for caffeine. Enables ‘first time' memories to be recalled. Anti-inflammatory.   Signs of Alzheimer's and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Resources: Organixx's Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. Camu Camu Cat's Claw, Uña De Gato (Uncaria Tomentosa) Sangre de Drago - Dragon's Blood Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor And Its Clinical Implications Bacopa monniera Extract Reduces Amyloid Levels In Psapp Mice Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer's Prevention Cacao Pau d‘Arco Proanthocyanidins Guayusa Raphael Mechoulam Alzheimer's & Dementia Resource Center Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures - PDF Alzheimer's & Dementia Facts & Figures - website Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles Candidiasis Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease Anthocyanins Epicatechin Caffeine Reverses Cognitive Impairment and Decreases Brain Amyloid-β Levels in Aged Alzheimer's Disease Mice Brain Health: 10 Tips for Keeping "Senior Moments" at Bay Lion's Mane Mushroom: Brain Protector? 6 Incredible Health Benefits of Cinnamon for Metabolism, the Brain and More!

In this episode, I share with you the latest science investigating the disease -- and some promising research on what each of us can do to build an Alzheimer's-resistant brain. Alzheimer's doesn't have to be your brain's destiny, so let me tell you how to prevent it before it strikes!

Will mutations change our vaccination strategy? Also, a controversial step in the fight against Alzheimer's, and how to tell a six-year-old what a quantum computer is.

In episode 1 we take on Alzheimer's Disease. We dive into the genes that come into play as well as how lifestyle choices can help prevent the disease and treating some of its symptoms. References: https://journals-scholarsportal-info.proxy1.lib.uwo.ca/pdf/19454589/v12i0006/5539_gmapiad.xmlhttps://academic-oup-com.proxy1.lib.uwo.ca/nutritionreviews/article/74/10/624/2349955https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2013/07000/Mediterranean_Diet,_Cognitive_Function,_and.1.aspxhttps://agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jgs.12887

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.11.19.389023v1?rss=1 Authors: Preman, P., TCW, J., Calafate, S., Snellinx, A., Alfonso-Triguero, M., Corthout, N., Munck, S., Thal, D. R., Goate, A. M., De Strooper, B., Arranz, A. M. Abstract: Background: Increasing evidence for a direct contribution of astrocytes to neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes causing Alzheimer's disease comes from molecular studies in rodent models. However, these models may not fully recapitulate human disease as human and rodent astrocytes differ considerably in morphology, functionality, and gene expression. Methods: To address these challenges, we established an approach to study human astroglia within the context of the mouse brain by transplanting human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived glia progenitors into neonatal brains of immunodeficient mice. Results: Xenografted (hiPSC)-derived glia progenitors differentiate into astrocytes that integrate functionally within the mouse host brain and mature in a cell-autonomous way retaining human-specific morphologies, unique features and physiological properties. In Alzheimer's chimeric brains, transplanted hiPSC-derived astrocytes respond to the presence of amyloid plaques with various morphological changes that seem independent of the APOE allelic background. Conclusion: In sum, this chimeric model has great potential to analyze the role of patient-derived and genetically modified astroglia in Alzheimer's disease. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Commentary by Drs. Kevin Alexander & Ronglih Liao

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.10.16.342196v1?rss=1 Authors: Jorda-Siquier, T., Petrel, M., Kouskoff, V., Cordelieres, F., Frykman, S., Muller, U., Mulle, C., Barthet, G. Abstract: In Alzheimer's disease (AD), a central role is given to the extracellular deposition of A{beta} peptides, remotely produced by the proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). This contrasts with other neurodegenerative diseases which are characterized by the intraneuronal aggregation of full-length proteins such as huntingtin, -synuclein or TDP-43. Importantly, the distribution of APP around amyloid plaques is poorly characterized. Here, we combined an extensive set of methodological and analytical tools to investigate neuropathological features of APP in the human AD hippocampus and in two mouse models of AD. We report that APP remarkably accumulates in the surrounding of dense-core amyloid plaques together with the secretases necessary to produce A{beta} peptides. In addition, the Nter domain, but not the Cter domain of APP is enriched in the core of amyloid plaques uncovering a potential pathological role of the secreted APP-Nter in dense-core plaques. To investigate the subcellular compartment in which APP accumulates, we labelled neuritic and synaptic markers and report an enrichment in presynaptic proteins (Syt1, VAMP2) and phosphorylated-Tau. Ultrastructural analysis of APP accumulations reveals abundant multivesicular bodies containing presynaptic vesicles proteins and autophagosomal built-up of APP. Altogether, our data supports a role of presynaptic APP in AD pathology and highlights APP accumulations as a potential source of A{beta} and Nter peptides to fuel amyloid plaques. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Ready to take your brain health to the next level? Ready to be proactive, or even reverse, the signs of brain aging? Then this episode is definitely for you! We are fortunate to have “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator, with us again this week. He dives into the plant medicine treasures he’s found in the Amazon Rainforest that beautifully support healthy brain function and help you ward off brain aging.   * * *   ABOUT "AMAZON JOHN" EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.  Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated. Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.  Amazon John’s 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including "Good Morning America" and "Fox and Friends".  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide. John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report "Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines" and Jean Michel Cousteau's "Return to the Amazon."  Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Causes of Alzheimer’s and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet - low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics - maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise - improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep - get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Botanicals to Improve Brain Health Una de Gato - Cat’s Claw Primarily known for its ability to stimulate the macrophage phagocytosis activity, which is our immune system. Source of epicatechins and the brain derived neurotropic. Stimulates neurogenesis - the creation of new brain cells. Camu Camu Tremendous source for a whole food vitamin C. Powerful anti-inflammatory. Increases the proper cycling of serotonin. Potent source of polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol. Bacopa Reduces brain amyloid levels in mice by as much as 60%. Increases cognitive function in humans. An ayurvedic plant. Cinnamon - cinnamaldehyde Able to break down tau tangles. It’s anti-inflammatory. Balances sugar levels. Cacao Is anti-inflammatory. Helps increase microcirculation in the brain. Contains epicatechins, which have been shown to be very helpful for brain chemistry and to help to slow down the death of healthy brain cells Pau d'Arco Many medicinal properties include antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-parasitic. Scientists have found that Pau d'Arco has a unique, two-pronged effect on fungal infections. ... In this way, it is able to kill off a variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, including Candida albicans. Good source of polyphenols. Anti-inflammatory. Dragon’s Blood - Sangra de Grado Pure antioxidant by dry weight. Great source of proanthocyanidins. Anti-inflammatory. Helps facilitate the breakdown of plaquing in the brain. Guayusa Substitute for caffeine. Enables ‘first time’ memories to be recalled. Anti-inflammatory.   Signs of Alzheimer’s and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite     Deeper Dive Resources   Camu Camu https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/camu-camu#4%E2%80%937.-Other-potential-benefits   Cat’s Claw, Uña De Gato (Uncaria Tomentosa) https://wholeworldbotanicals.com/cats-claw-una-de-gato-uncaria-tomentosa/   Sangre de Drago - Dragon’s Blood https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croton_lechleri   Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor And Its Clinical Implications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697050/   Bacopa monniera Extract Reduces Amyloid Levels In Psapp Mice https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16914834   Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer’s Prevention https://www.alzheimers.net/cinnamon-prevents-alzheimers/   Cacao https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocoa_bean   Pau d‘Arco http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/pharmacy/currentstudents/OnCampusPharmDStudents/ExperientialProgram/Documents/nutr_monographs/Monograph-pau_darco.pdf   Proanthocyanidins https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proanthocyanidin   Guayusa https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilex_guayusa   Raphael Mechoulam https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphael_Mechoulam   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Resource Center https://adrccares.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI5-i54vnU4QIVnLjACh161gXdEAAYASAAEgJ3NPD_BwE   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Facts & Figures https://www.alz.org/media/Documents/alzheimers-facts-and-figures-infographic-2019.pdf https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/facts-figures   Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443904001619   Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers-disease/infographic/amyloid-plaques-and-neurofibrillary-tangles   Candidiasis https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/candidiasis-a-to-z   Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835915/   Anthocyanins https://nutritionfacts.org/topics/anthocyanins/   Epicatechin https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/epicatechin   Caffeine Reverses Cognitive Impairment and Decreases Brain Amyloid-β Levels in Aged Alzheimer’s Disease Mice https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/22236175/jad_arendash_caffeine.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1555534722&Signature=n916JYzngT0Ze610mx1uCDNHAJs%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DCaffeine_reverses_cognitive_impairment_a.pdf   Organixx’s NEW Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. http://www.organixx.com/ageless-brain

Ready to take your brain health to the next level? Ready to be proactive, or even reverse, the signs of brain aging? Then this episode is definitely for you! We are fortunate to have “Amazon” John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator, with us again this week. He dives into the plant medicine treasures he’s found in the Amazon Rainforest that beautifully support healthy brain function and help you ward off brain aging.   * * *   ABOUT "AMAZON JOHN" EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.  Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated. Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.  Amazon John’s 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including "Good Morning America" and "Fox and Friends".  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide. John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report "Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines" and Jean Michel Cousteau's "Return to the Amazon."  Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Causes of Alzheimer’s and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet - low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics - maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise - improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep - get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Botanicals to Improve Brain Health Una de Gato - Cat’s Claw Primarily known for its ability to stimulate the macrophage phagocytosis activity, which is our immune system. Source of epicatechins and the brain derived neurotropic. Stimulates neurogenesis - the creation of new brain cells. Camu Camu Tremendous source for a whole food vitamin C. Powerful anti-inflammatory. Increases the proper cycling of serotonin. Potent source of polyphenols, quercetin, and resveratrol. Bacopa Reduces brain amyloid levels in mice by as much as 60%. Increases cognitive function in humans. An ayurvedic plant. Cinnamon - cinnamaldehyde Able to break down tau tangles. It’s anti-inflammatory. Balances sugar levels. Cacao Is anti-inflammatory. Helps increase microcirculation in the brain. Contains epicatechins, which have been shown to be very helpful for brain chemistry and to help to slow down the death of healthy brain cells Pau d'Arco Many medicinal properties include antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anti-parasitic. Scientists have found that Pau d'Arco has a unique, two-pronged effect on fungal infections. ... In this way, it is able to kill off a variety of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, including Candida albicans. Good source of polyphenols. Anti-inflammatory. Dragon’s Blood - Sangra de Grado Pure antioxidant by dry weight. Great source of proanthocyanidins. Anti-inflammatory. Helps facilitate the breakdown of plaquing in the brain. Guayusa Substitute for caffeine. Enables ‘first time’ memories to be recalled. Anti-inflammatory.   Signs of Alzheimer’s and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite     Deeper Dive Resources   Camu Camu https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/camu-camu#4%E2%80%937.-Other-potential-benefits   Cat’s Claw, Uña De Gato (Uncaria Tomentosa) https://wholeworldbotanicals.com/cats-claw-una-de-gato-uncaria-tomentosa/   Sangre de Drago - Dragon’s Blood https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croton_lechleri   Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor And Its Clinical Implications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697050/   Bacopa monniera Extract Reduces Amyloid Levels In Psapp Mice https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16914834   Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer’s Prevention https://www.alzheimers.net/cinnamon-prevents-alzheimers/   Cacao https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocoa_bean   Pau d‘Arco http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/pharmacy/currentstudents/OnCampusPharmDStudents/ExperientialProgram/Documents/nutr_monographs/Monograph-pau_darco.pdf   Proanthocyanidins https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proanthocyanidin   Guayusa https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilex_guayusa   Raphael Mechoulam https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphael_Mechoulam   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Resource Center https://adrccares.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI5-i54vnU4QIVnLjACh161gXdEAAYASAAEgJ3NPD_BwE   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Facts & Figures https://www.alz.org/media/Documents/alzheimers-facts-and-figures-infographic-2019.pdf https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/facts-figures   Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443904001619   Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers-disease/infographic/amyloid-plaques-and-neurofibrillary-tangles   Candidiasis https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/candidiasis-a-to-z   Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835915/   Anthocyanins https://nutritionfacts.org/topics/anthocyanins/   Epicatechin https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/epicatechin   Caffeine Reverses Cognitive Impairment and Decreases Brain Amyloid-β Levels in Aged Alzheimer’s Disease Mice https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/22236175/jad_arendash_caffeine.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1555534722&Signature=n916JYzngT0Ze610mx1uCDNHAJs%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DCaffeine_reverses_cognitive_impairment_a.pdf   Organixx’s NEW Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. http://www.organixx.com/ageless-brain

We’re talking brain health this week! And  we have a treat for you! "Amazon" John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator joins us in the studio to share his story. Tune in to learn  how he found a passion in plan medicine. We also dig into brain health and the causes of Alzheimer’s and dementia. * * *   ABOUT "AMAZON JOHN" EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.  Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated. Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.  Amazon John’s 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including "Good Morning America" and "Fox and Friends".  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide. John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report "Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines" and Jean Michel Cousteau's "Return to the Amazon."  Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Evolution of a Treasure Hunter Went down to Ecuador and down into Peru, with a passion for finding lost cities of gold, essentially a treasure hunter. Was making his living with some of that material, and then some artifacts. Next, into Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina with gemstones, and took that on as treasure. Then later going up the river in the Amazon rainforest, he was trading in blowguns and carved monkey bones, and a variety of tribal artifacts and became ill. This is where his passion for plant medicine was ignited. The natives brewed a special  tea from local plants. This not only improved his illness but  he actually felt better than ever before in his life. This is where the Amazon Herb Company was born and has helped people improve their health with plant medicine for 30 years.   How Amazon John Came to Focus on Brain Health Through research of diseases with Doctors he found eight major areas where everyone is affected, and almost every specific challenge falls within these categories: Immune System Primary Digestion Secondary Digestion (Metabolism) Energy Circulation Calming & Stress Related Issues Hormonal Balancing Inflammatory Issues (pain, sewelling) Blood Sugar Balancing The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw. The incidence of death from heart disease in the last 15 years has actually declined by about 11%. The deaths due to Alzheimer's have increased 123%.   Alzheimer's and Dementia by the Numbers “The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw.” People over 65, one in 10 have Alzheimer's dementia. Deaths of people over 65 years old, one out of three of those deaths will be due to Alzheimer's. Actually, more people are dying of Alzheimer's than prostate cancer and breast cancer combined. And the cost is 270 billion dollars now. It's expected to go to 1.4 trillion over the next few years. The Center of Disease Control said that this could break the entire health system.   Signs of Alzheimer’s and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Causes of Alzheimer’s and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet - low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics - maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise - improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep - get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Brain Health - Supplementation and Diet Polyphenols - Many of the health benefits associated with polyphenols may be related to their role as antioxidants. Antioxidants are known for their ability to combat cell damage. Anthocyanins - Powerful antioxidants - the red/blue/violet phytonutrients responsible for the vibrant pigmentation of many berries and vegetables. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor - several botanicals that help stimulate; una de gato, cat's claw Cacao - can slow down the process of brain cells dying. Cinnamon - cinnamaldehyde, has been shown to slow down, to break down amyloid plaquing, and help dissolve the tau tangles.      Deeper Dive Resources   Whole World Botanicals https://wholeworldbotanicals.com/herbal-library-with-scientific-research/   Vibrational Energy Medicine http://www.energyandvibration.com/energymedicine.htm   The Moche-Chimú Transition http://www.unm.edu/~gbawden/324-MTransition/324-MTransition.htm   Chimu Civilization https://www.ancient.eu/Chimu_Civilization/   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Resource Center https://adrccares.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI5-i54vnU4QIVnLjACh161gXdEAAYASAAEgJ3NPD_BwE   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Facts & Figures https://www.alz.org/media/Documents/alzheimers-facts-and-figures-infographic-2019.pdf https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/facts-figures   Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443904001619   Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers-disease/infographic/amyloid-plaques-and-neurofibrillary-tangles   Candidiasis https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/candidiasis-a-to-z   Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835915/   Anthocyanins https://nutritionfacts.org/topics/anthocyanins/   Sangre de Drago - Dragon’s Blood https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croton_lechleri   Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697050/   Epicatechin https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/epicatechin   Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer’s Prevention https://www.alzheimers.net/cinnamon-prevents-alzheimers/   Organixx’s NEW Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. http://www.organixx.com/ageless-brain

We’re talking brain health this week! And  we have a treat for you! "Amazon" John Easterling, Plant Medicine Formulator joins us in the studio to share his story. Tune in to learn  how he found a passion in plan medicine. We also dig into brain health and the causes of Alzheimer’s and dementia. * * *   ABOUT "AMAZON JOHN" EASTERLING Since 1976 John Easterling has been an explorer and treasure hunter in the Amazon Rainforest. It was there, after a personal health crisis, he was introduced to the traditional use of medicinal plants by the Indigenous People in Peru.  Since then his passion for plant medicine has only accelerated. Easterling's original degree is in Environmental Studies, he founded the Amazon Herb Company in 1990 and serves on the board of the Amazon Center of Environmental Education and Research.  Amazon John’s 28 years of Plant Medicine experience have been profiled on TV and Radio including "Good Morning America" and "Fox and Friends".  His product formulations have sold over $100 million worldwide. John has been featured in two PBS documentaries, World News Report "Amazon John and Rainforest Medicines" and Jean Michel Cousteau's "Return to the Amazon."  Easterling believes the dramatic growth and interest in plant medicine is still in its early stages and will continue to significantly improve life experiences and healthy outcomes into the future.   Evolution of a Treasure Hunter Went down to Ecuador and down into Peru, with a passion for finding lost cities of gold, essentially a treasure hunter. Was making his living with some of that material, and then some artifacts. Next, into Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina with gemstones, and took that on as treasure. Then later going up the river in the Amazon rainforest, he was trading in blowguns and carved monkey bones, and a variety of tribal artifacts and became ill. This is where his passion for plant medicine was ignited. The natives brewed a special  tea from local plants. This not only improved his illness but  he actually felt better than ever before in his life. This is where the Amazon Herb Company was born and has helped people improve their health with plant medicine for 30 years.   How Amazon John Came to Focus on Brain Health Through research of diseases with Doctors he found eight major areas where everyone is affected, and almost every specific challenge falls within these categories: Immune System Primary Digestion Secondary Digestion (Metabolism) Energy Circulation Calming & Stress Related Issues Hormonal Balancing Inflammatory Issues (pain, sewelling) Blood Sugar Balancing The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw. The incidence of death from heart disease in the last 15 years has actually declined by about 11%. The deaths due to Alzheimer's have increased 123%.   Alzheimer's and Dementia by the Numbers “The issues with Alzheimer's and dementia, when you look at the statistics, as I've really gotten into more recently, it is really shocking. It is startling. I was surprised at a lot of the data that I saw.” People over 65, one in 10 have Alzheimer's dementia. Deaths of people over 65 years old, one out of three of those deaths will be due to Alzheimer's. Actually, more people are dying of Alzheimer's than prostate cancer and breast cancer combined. And the cost is 270 billion dollars now. It's expected to go to 1.4 trillion over the next few years. The Center of Disease Control said that this could break the entire health system.   Signs of Alzheimer’s and Dementia People may experience: Cognitive: mental decline, difficulty thinking and understanding, confusion in the evening hours, delusion, disorientation, forgetfulness, making things up, mental confusion, difficulty concentrating, inability to create new memories, inability to do simple math, or inability to recognize common things Behavioral: aggression, agitation, difficulty with self care, irritability, meaningless repetition of own words, personality changes, restlessness, lack of restraint, or wandering and getting lost Mood: anger, apathy, general discontent, loneliness, or mood swings Psychological: depression, hallucinations, or paranoia Also common: inability to combine muscle movements, jumbled speech, or loss of appetite   Causes of Alzheimer’s and Dementia Beta amyloid plaquing. “So when you get plaquing, your spark plug would foul, and you couldn't start your engine. So same thing here. You get that plaquing in there, and it just can't transmit to the next one, and you don't remember. You can't access that data where you put your keys.” Tau tangle, where you get the neurons that really just become tangled. Inflammation is a really big deal, and actually these other factors are really caused by it. It's a kind of inflammatory response from your brain to protect itself sometimes, developing this amyloid plaquing to seal off what it sees as an insult. Involvement of Candida in brain issues. Recent research showed was that people did not think before that the Candida could cross the blood brain barrier. Now they found that it actually can. It travels through your body doing that, looking for a place to reside where the biological terrain is right. If you introduce a lot of sugar and a lot of carbs into that terrain, they really love that. When these Candida cross that blood brain barrier, the brain recognizes that as an insult, and then you have this coating process. The brain will try to coat that to seal it off.   Prevention Lifestyle and diet - low sugar, more green vegetables Probiotics after a course of antibiotics - maintain a diverse colony-forming units of probiotics. Maintain healthy inflammation levels throughout the body. Exercise - improves the microcirculation to the brain. Sleep - get quality sleep each night (7-9 hours). Lower your exposure to environmental toxins.   Brain Health - Supplementation and Diet Polyphenols - Many of the health benefits associated with polyphenols may be related to their role as antioxidants. Antioxidants are known for their ability to combat cell damage. Anthocyanins - Powerful antioxidants - the red/blue/violet phytonutrients responsible for the vibrant pigmentation of many berries and vegetables. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor - several botanicals that help stimulate; una de gato, cat's claw Cacao - can slow down the process of brain cells dying. Cinnamon - cinnamaldehyde, has been shown to slow down, to break down amyloid plaquing, and help dissolve the tau tangles.      Deeper Dive Resources   Whole World Botanicals https://wholeworldbotanicals.com/herbal-library-with-scientific-research/   Vibrational Energy Medicine http://www.energyandvibration.com/energymedicine.htm   The Moche-Chimú Transition http://www.unm.edu/~gbawden/324-MTransition/324-MTransition.htm   Chimu Civilization https://www.ancient.eu/Chimu_Civilization/   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Resource Center https://adrccares.org/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI5-i54vnU4QIVnLjACh161gXdEAAYASAAEgJ3NPD_BwE   Alzheimer’s & Dementia Facts & Figures https://www.alz.org/media/Documents/alzheimers-facts-and-figures-infographic-2019.pdf https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/facts-figures   Tau, tangles, and Alzheimer's disease https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443904001619   Amyloid Plaques and Neurofibrillary Tangles https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers-disease/infographic/amyloid-plaques-and-neurofibrillary-tangles   Candidiasis https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/candidiasis-a-to-z   Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835915/   Anthocyanins https://nutritionfacts.org/topics/anthocyanins/   Sangre de Drago - Dragon’s Blood https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croton_lechleri   Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its clinical implications https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4697050/   Epicatechin https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/epicatechin   Why Cinnamon May Hold Secrets to Alzheimer’s Prevention https://www.alzheimers.net/cinnamon-prevents-alzheimers/   Organixx’s NEW Ageless Brain - Nutrition for your brain. http://www.organixx.com/ageless-brain

An experimental agent slowed cognitive decline and cleared Alzheimer’s plaques. Can meteorology predict migraines? Why closing a patent foramen ovale is the right approach to prevent recurring ischemic stroke. And claims that cannabis relieves noncancer pain go up in smoke.

A major neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the deposition of amyloid plaques in the brains of affected individuals. Amyloid plaques mainly consist of fibrillar β-amyloid, which is a cleavage product of the amyloid precursor protein. The amyloid-cascade-hypothesis postulates Aβ accumulation as the central event in initiating a toxic cascade leading to Alzheimer's disease pathology and, ultimately, loss of cognitive function. We studied the kinetics of β-amyloid deposition in Tg2576 mice, which overexpress human amyloid precursor protein with the Swedish mutation. Utilizing long-term two-photon imaging we were able to observe the entire kinetics of plaque growth in vivo. Essentially, we observed that plaque growth follows a sigmoid-shaped curve comprising a cubic growth phase, followed by saturation. In contrast, plaque density kinetics exhibited an asymptotic progression. Taking into account the fact that a critical concentration of Aβ is required to seed new plaques, we can propose the following kinetic model of β-amyloid deposition in vivo. In the early cubic phase, plaque growth is not limited by Aβ concentration and plaque density increases very fast. During the transition phase, plaque density stabilizes whereas plaque volume increases strongly reflecting a robust growth of the plaques. In the late asymptotic phase, Aβ peptide production becomes rate-limiting for plaque growth. In conclusion, the present study offers a direct link between in vitro and in vivo studies facilitating the translation of Aβ-lowering strategies from laboratory models to patients.

Obwohl seit der erstmaligen Beschreibung der Alzheimer-Erkrankung vor über 100 Jahren eine Vielzahl der ursächlichen histopathologischen Veränderungen und der beteiligten molekularen Mechanismen erforscht werden konnte, ist noch unklar, welche Faktoren die Spaltung des ß-Amyloid Vorläuferproteins (APP) beeinflussen und zu der pathologischen ß-Amyloid (Aß) Bildung und Aggregation führen. In zahlreichen Studien ergaben sich Hinweise, dass Cholesterin einen wichtigen Modulator der Alzheimer-Erkrankung darstellt. Zusammen mit Sphingolipiden bildet Cholesterin laterale Membrandomänen, sogenannte Lipid Rafts, die bei der Bildung der ß-Amyloid Plaques entscheidend beteiligt sein könnten. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Struktur dieser Domänen spezifisch verändert. Durch Transfektion mit dem Scavenger Rezeptor Klasse B Typ I (SR-BI) der die selektive Cholesterin- und Phospholipidaufnahme in die Zelle erhöht, wurden neue Lipid Rafts generiert und bestehende Domänen vergrößert. SR-BI induzierte eine Abnahme des von der α-Sekretase gespaltenen APP, sowie eine Zunahme des von der ß-Sekretase gespaltenen APP. Gleichzeitig kam es zu einem Anstieg der Menge des Aß-Peptids. Somit wurde gezeigt, dass ein Anstieg der Cholesterin-reichen Membrandomänen zu einer Abnahme der α-Sekretase Spaltung, einer Erhöhung der ß-Sekretase Spaltung und einer Zunahme der pathologischen ß-Amyloid Bildung führt. Während APP in Wildtyp-Zellen nahezu ausschließlich in DSM lokalisiert war, kam es durch die SR-BI Expression zu einer Translokation in DRM, die weitgehend Lipid Rafts repräsentieren. In den DRM konnte BACE damit mit APP interagieren. Um das subzelluläre Kompartiment zu identifizieren, an dem die APP-Spaltung stattfinden könnte, wurde mit Hilfe der Konfokalen Laserscanmikroskopie die intrazelluläre Verteilung von APP und BACE vor und nach SR-BI Expression untersucht. Nach SR-BI Transfektion war die Kolokalisation von APP und BACE in der Umgebung der Zellmembran deutlich verstärkt. Zusammen mit früheren Arbeiten lassen diese Ergebnisse vermuten, dass die verstärkte APP-Prozessierung durch Induktion Cholesterin-reicher Domänen vorwiegend submembranös (Early Endosomes) und auf der Ebene der Plasmamembran stattfindet. Ob eine medikamentöse oder diätetische Cholesterin-Reduzierung, die den Lipid Raft Anteil der Zelle senkt und somit die Interaktion von APP mit BACE verhindert, als Therapiemöglichkeit für die Alzheimer-Erkrankung in Frage kommt, bedarf noch weiterer intensiver Forschung.

Die Alzheimer-Krankheit (AD), die häufigste Form der Demenz, manifestiert sich klinisch meist ab dem 65. Lebensjahr mit langsam progredienten Gedächtnis-, Orientierungs- und Aufmerksamkeitsstörungen. Neuropathologische Korrelate sind die Amyloid-Plaques, die hauptsächlich aus extrazellulären Aggregaten des β-Amyloid-Proteins (Aβ) zusammengesetzt sind, und intrazelluläre neurofibrilläre Bündel, die aus Aggregaten des mikrotubulus-assoziierten Proteins Tau bestehen. Der „Auslöser“ der Alzheimer-Krankheit ist das β-Amyloid-Protein (Amyloid-Kaskaden-Hypothese), welches durch proteolytische Prozessierung von βAPP (β-Amyloid-Vorläufer-Protein) entsteht. Dies geschieht, indem zuerst BACE-1 (β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1) und anschließend der γ-Sekretase-Komplex βAPP schneiden. Menschen mit Down-Syndrom (DS), welches die häufigste autosomale Chromosomenaberration darstellt, entwickeln bereits ab einem Alter von 40 Jahren die typischen neuropathologischen Kennzeichen der Alzheimer-Krankheit und zeigen mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 56 Jahren die klinischen Symptome der Demenz. Die Gründe für das frühe Auftreten der Amyloid-Plaques sind noch nicht vollständig geklärt. Das Gen für βAPP befindet sich auf dem Chromosom 21, welches im DS dreifach vorhanden ist, und wird daher mit der frühen Plaque-Pathologie im Down-Syndrom in Zusammenhang gebracht. BACE-1 konnte durch Überexpressions- und Knock-out-Experimente eindeutig als alleinige β-Sekretase identifiziert werden. In Gehirnen von Alzheimer-Demenz-Patienten konnten im Vergleich zu Kontrollgehirnen erhöhte BACE-1-Proteinmengen und BACE-1-Aktivitäten nachgewiesen werden. Es war deshalb interessant zu untersuchen, ob auch im Gehirn von Down-Syndrom-Patienten die BACE-1-Proteinexpression erhöht ist. Durch eine Hochregulation von BACE-1 im Down-Syndrom könnte vermehrt βAPP prozessiert und somit Aβ gebildet werden. Daher war es das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit die Expression von BACE-1 in Gehirnen (Temporal- und Frontallappen) von DS-Patienten im Vergleich zu Kontrollgehirnen zu analysieren. In der Western-Blot-Analyse der Gewebeproben konnte gezeigt werden, dass die BACE-1-Proteinmengen im Down-Syndrom im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen (K) 1,4-fach erhöht waren. Die Proteinexpressionen von βAPP zeigten sich im DS im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen 1,4-fach erhöht. Diese Ergebnisse erzielten keine Signifikanz, zeigten aber deutliche Trends im Expressionsverhalten. Dies könnte auf die Anzahl der untersuchten Gehirne (Temporal- und Frontallappen je 3 DS, 4 AD und 5 K), Qualitätsmängel der Gehirnproben oder einer ungleichen Verteilung der Proteinexpression im Gewebe zurückzuführen sein. Es ist daher notwendig mehr Gehirne zu untersuchen. Zudem wäre es interessant in Gehirnschnitten das Verteilungsmuster der BACE-1-Expression im DS genauer zu studieren. Die Ergebnisse deuten jedoch auf eine Hochregulation von BACE-1 im DS-Gehirn und somit auf eine Beteiligung der Protease an der Plaquepathologie des Down-Syndroms hin. BACE-1 scheint also sowohl in der Pathogenese der Alzheimer-Demenz als auch in der des Down-Syndroms eine zentrale Rolle einzunehmen. Daher ist es sehr interessant die Regulation von BACE-1 weiter zu analysieren. Da in p25-überexprimierenden Mäusen erhöhte BACE-1-Proteinexpressionen gezeigt werden konnten, vermutete man eine Beteiligung von p25 an der Regulation der β-Sekretase. p25, das im Gehirn der AD-Patienten vermehrt gebildet wird und aus der Proteolyse von p35 entsteht, bindet und aktiviert die Kinase cdk5. cdk5 phosphoryliert unter anderem das Tau-Protein und wird daher mit der Bildung der neurofibrillären Bündel in Zusammenhang gebracht. Durch die Hochregulation von BACE-1 könnte p25 in der Pathogenese der Alzheimer-Erkrankung eine neue Bedeutung zugeschrieben werden. Zur Analyse der p25 induzierten Veränderungen in den Neuronen wurden humane Neuroblastomazellen mit einem induzierbaren p25-Expressionsvektor, Sp25-Zellen, verwendet. In diesen p25-überexprimierenden Zellen konnten sowohl in der Western-Blot-Analyse als auch in der BACE-1-Aktivitätsmessung erhöhte BACE-1-Proteinexpressionen bzw. BACE-1-Aktivitäten gezeigt werden. Die Northern-Blot-Analyse der Sp25-Zellen ergab erhöhte BACE-1-mRNA-Spiegel, die sich jedoch in einer für endogene BACE-1-mRNA untypische Größe detektieren ließen. p35, das membrangebundene Vorläufer-Protein von p25, war indes nicht in der Lage die BACE-1-Proteinexpression in humanen Neuroblastomazellen zu erhöhen. Die Ergebnisse der Sp25-Zellen konnten in p25-überexprimierenden murinen Neuroblastomazellen, Np25-Zellen, nicht reproduziert werden. Daher ist es notwendig, den p25-induzierten BACE-1-Regulationsmechanismus auf seine Reproduzierbarkeit, z.B. in weiteren In-vivo-Modellen, zu überprüfen.