POPULARITY
6 episodes with gene regulation
5 episodes with gene regulation
4 episodes with gene regulation
2 episodes with gene regulation
3 episodes with gene regulation
4 episodes with gene regulation
4 episodes with gene regulation
4 episodes with gene regulation
2 episodes with gene regulation
In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Arnau Sebé-Pedrós from the Center for Genomic Regulation in Barcelona about his work on chromatin evolution. The Interview starts by examining specific research findings, including his seminal 2018 paper demonstrating whole-organism single-cell transcriptomics to map larval and adult cell types in the model organism Nematostella vectensis. Dr. Sebe-Pedros recounted the challenges and triumphs faced when delving into single-cell studies of non-model organisms, revealing the innovative strategies employed in the lab to overcome these hurdles. Shifting gears, we touched upon his work comparing cell types and molecular pathways in reef-building corals through single-cell RNA sequencing, contributing to our understanding of evolutionary conservation and divergence within the cnidarian lineage. We discussed how this comparative approach not only adds to knowledge about coral biology but also enhances methodological frameworks in ecological studies. In addition, Dr. Sebe-Pedros shared insights into ongoing efforts to reconstruct eukaryotic chromatin evolution using comparative proteomics and genomics analysis, as well as the mechanisms of genomic regulation in various species. His reflections on the sharing of experimental insights across research groups illustrated the collaborative spirit prevalent in the scientific community, particularly regarding endeavors like the Biodiversity Cell Atlas consortium aimed at expanding single-cell efforts across the tree of life. The episode culminated with Dr. Sebe-Pedros's thoughts on the revolutionary impact of functional genomic technologies and the vast potential they hold for answering longstanding questions in evolutionary biology. With an emphasis on epigenetics, he defined this field as encompassing any information not encoded directly in the DNA, especially in its role in establishing cell identity and differentiation. References https://www.biodiversitycellatlas.org Sebé-Pedrós, A., Saudemont, B., Chomsky, E., Plessier, F., Mailhé, M. P., Renno, J., Loe-Mie, Y., Lifshitz, A., Mukamel, Z., Schmutz, S., Novault, S., Steinmetz, P. R. H., Spitz, F., Tanay, A., & Marlow, H. (2018). Cnidarian Cell Type Diversity and Regulation Revealed by Whole-Organism Single-Cell RNA-Seq. Cell, 173(6), 1520–1534.e20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.019 Sebé-Pedrós, A., Chomsky, E., Pang, K., Lara-Astiaso, D., Gaiti, F., Mukamel, Z., Amit, I., Hejnol, A., Degnan, B. M., & Tanay, A. (2018). Early metazoan cell type diversity and the evolution of multicellular gene regulation. Nature ecology & evolution, 2(7), 1176–1188. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0575-6 Kim, I.V., Navarrete, C., Grau-Bové, X. et al. Chromatin loops are an ancestral hallmark of the animal regulatory genome. Nature 642, 1097–1105 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08960-w Related Episodes Evolutionary Epigenetic Clocks and Epigenetic Inheritance in Plants (Frank Johannes) Neuroepigenetic Mechanisms and Primate Epigenome Evolution (Boyan Bonev) Transposable Elements in Gene Regulation and Evolution (Marco Trizzino) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com
When we talk about gene expression, most of the focus is on DNA and RNA sequences, but there's a lesser-known, more subtle layer of regulation: RNA modifications. In this episode, I spoke with Gudrun Stengel, CEO and co-founder of Alida Biosciences, to explore how this fine-tuning mechanism affects everything from cell differentiation to cancer survival, and how her company is helping to decode it.RNA Modifications: A Hidden Code Within the CodeGudrun kicked things off by explaining how RNA modifications influence gene expression at multiple levels: splicing, translation initiation, intracellular trafficking and mRNA half life. These changes enable the cell to switch functions on or off quickly, presumably in response to some cue or cascade of events.The most studied RNA modification is m6A. Its effects depend heavily on the context in which it occurs, acting through “reader” proteins like YTH family members. m6A plays crucial roles in processes like stem cell differentiation and cancer survival. For instance, without m6A, pluripotent stem cells fail to differentiate. On the other end of the spectrum, overexpression of m6A-related enzymes in cancer can help tumor cells evade programmed cell death.Not subscribed? Let's fix that. No spam, just good content wherever I find it.The Tools Are Just Now Catching Up to the BiologyOne of the big hurdles in studying RNA modifications has been detection. These modifications occur at low frequencies, sometimes affecting just 0.1% of a given base, and lack a "reference genome" to compare against. Traditional approaches using mass spectrometry or antibody pull-downs have significant limitations in resolution and specificity.That's where Alida Biosciences' EpiPlex platform comes in. It allows multi-target detection of RNA modifications with a sequencing-based approach. Their method attaches barcodes to RNA segments where modifications occur, enabling quantification without relying on antibodies.Unlike academic tools built for discovery, AlidaBio's platform is designed to be robust and scalable, bringing more reliability and speed to RNA modification analysis. It offers about 100–200 base pair resolution and focuses on three key modifications: m6A, pseudouridine, and inosine.Why It Matters: From Diagnostics to Drug DiscoveryThere a several potential applications. For diagnostics, RNA modification patterns could help differentiate between disease states that look nearly identical via RNA-seq alone. Gudrun mentioned studies in glioblastoma where RNA modification profiles enabled more accurate cancer staging.RNA modifications could also guide drug development. For example, Storm Therapeutics is already testing METTL3 inhibitors in leukemia. There's also growing interest in plant engineering, and tuning the epi-transcriptome could help increase crop yields and stress resistance.Alida Biosciences' Vision: More Than a Tools CompanyGudrun sees AlidaBio not just as a platform company but as a partner in solving real-world problems. Long-term, she hopes to expand into clinical applications and potentially therapeutics, either by developing companion diagnostics or helping modulate modification states for therapeutic benefit.I've been studying biology for 45 years. This episode gives me a renewed appreciation for the complexity of biological systems. Every time it seems we have it figured out, there is a new level of regulation to be discovered. It reminds me of when we thought atoms were just protons, neutrons and electrons. Then we discovered quarks.Your deepest insights are your best branding. I'd love to help you share them. Chat with me about custom content for your life science brand. Or visit my website. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit cclifescience.substack.com
Phenotypic variation within the skeleton has biological, behavioral, and biomedical functional implications for individuals and species. Thus, it is critical to understand how genomic, environmental, and mediating regulatory factors combine and interact to drive skeletal trait development and evolution. One way to do this is by studying skeletal diseases that disrupt skeletal function — like osteoarthritis (OA) which is a chronic disorder characterized by the degradation of cartilage and underlying bone in joints and can lead to severe pain and mobility limitations. This talk will discuss what is known about OA in humans and other primates, as well as recent advances that are further informing these topics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40695]
Phenotypic variation within the skeleton has biological, behavioral, and biomedical functional implications for individuals and species. Thus, it is critical to understand how genomic, environmental, and mediating regulatory factors combine and interact to drive skeletal trait development and evolution. One way to do this is by studying skeletal diseases that disrupt skeletal function — like osteoarthritis (OA) which is a chronic disorder characterized by the degradation of cartilage and underlying bone in joints and can lead to severe pain and mobility limitations. This talk will discuss what is known about OA in humans and other primates, as well as recent advances that are further informing these topics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40695]
CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (Video)
Phenotypic variation within the skeleton has biological, behavioral, and biomedical functional implications for individuals and species. Thus, it is critical to understand how genomic, environmental, and mediating regulatory factors combine and interact to drive skeletal trait development and evolution. One way to do this is by studying skeletal diseases that disrupt skeletal function — like osteoarthritis (OA) which is a chronic disorder characterized by the degradation of cartilage and underlying bone in joints and can lead to severe pain and mobility limitations. This talk will discuss what is known about OA in humans and other primates, as well as recent advances that are further informing these topics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40695]
Phenotypic variation within the skeleton has biological, behavioral, and biomedical functional implications for individuals and species. Thus, it is critical to understand how genomic, environmental, and mediating regulatory factors combine and interact to drive skeletal trait development and evolution. One way to do this is by studying skeletal diseases that disrupt skeletal function — like osteoarthritis (OA) which is a chronic disorder characterized by the degradation of cartilage and underlying bone in joints and can lead to severe pain and mobility limitations. This talk will discuss what is known about OA in humans and other primates, as well as recent advances that are further informing these topics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40695]
Phenotypic variation within the skeleton has biological, behavioral, and biomedical functional implications for individuals and species. Thus, it is critical to understand how genomic, environmental, and mediating regulatory factors combine and interact to drive skeletal trait development and evolution. One way to do this is by studying skeletal diseases that disrupt skeletal function — like osteoarthritis (OA) which is a chronic disorder characterized by the degradation of cartilage and underlying bone in joints and can lead to severe pain and mobility limitations. This talk will discuss what is known about OA in humans and other primates, as well as recent advances that are further informing these topics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40695]
Phenotypic variation within the skeleton has biological, behavioral, and biomedical functional implications for individuals and species. Thus, it is critical to understand how genomic, environmental, and mediating regulatory factors combine and interact to drive skeletal trait development and evolution. One way to do this is by studying skeletal diseases that disrupt skeletal function — like osteoarthritis (OA) which is a chronic disorder characterized by the degradation of cartilage and underlying bone in joints and can lead to severe pain and mobility limitations. This talk will discuss what is known about OA in humans and other primates, as well as recent advances that are further informing these topics. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40695]
Denis DubouleCollège de FranceÉvolution du développement et des génomesAnnée 2024-2025Colloque - Enhancers Sequences and Gene RegulationWelcome and IntroductionIntervenant(s)Denis DubouleProfesseur du Collège de France
Denis DubouleCollège de FranceÉvolution du développement et des génomesAnnée 2024-2025Enhancers Sequences and Gene RegulationColloque - Wendy Bickmore : Role of the 3D Genome in Enhancer Driven Gene RegulationWendy BickmoreMRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
Denis DubouleCollège de FranceÉvolution du développement et des génomesAnnée 2024-2025Enhancers Sequences and Gene RegulationColloque - Mira T. Kassouf : Using a Model Locus to Understand Enhancer-driven Gene RegulationMira T. KassoufRadcliff Department of Medicine, Medical science division, University of Oxford, UK
In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Boyan Bonev from the HelmholtzZetrum in Munich about his work on neuroepigenetics, focusing on gene regulation, chromatin architecture, and primate epigenome evolution, This Episode focuses on Dr. Bonev's recent research, particularly focusing on how chromatin architecture and gene regulation influence neural cell identity and function. He discusses his work investigating transcriptional activity in relation to chromatin insulation, highlighting a critical finding that induced expression of genes does not necessarily lead to chromatin insulation—a point that complicates prior assumptions about the relationship between gene expression and chromatin organization. This study aimed to determine the causal versus correlative aspects of chromatin architecture in brain development and links it to developmental processes and neurodevelopmental disorders. Building on his findings in gene regulation, Dr. Bonev elaborates on a significant study he conducted in his own lab, where he mapped the regulatory landscape of neural differentiation in the mouse neocortex. Here, he employed cutting-edge single-cell sequencing methodologies to analyze intricate gene and enhancer interactions, revealing that selective enhancer-promoter interactions are primarily cell-type specific. This nuanced understanding aids in deciphering the complexities associated with gene expression as it relates to neural stem cells and differentiated neurons, emphasizing the importance of single-cell analyses over bulk sequencing methods. Moreover, Dr. Bonev reveals a novel methodology developed in his lab that allows for the simultaneous assessment of spatial genome organization, chromatin accessibility, and DNA methylation at high resolution. This advancement not only reduces costs but also enhances the potential to correlate higher-dimensional genomic data with specific biological questions, fostering a more integrative approach to understanding genetic regulation. The discussion then shifts focus towards Dr. Bonev's recent project profiling primate epigenome evolution, where he investigated the 3D genome organization, chromatin accessibility, and gene expression among iPSCs and neural stem cells from various species, including humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and macaques. In this research, he identifies trends related to transcription factor evolution and chromatin modifications across species. The insights gleaned from this work underscore the evolutionary significance of structural variations in the 3D genome, pointing to a possible link between chromatin dynamics and the evolutionary development of the primate brain. References Bonev B, Mendelson Cohen N, Szabo Q, Fritsch L, Papadopoulos GL, Lubling Y, Xu X, Lv X, Hugnot JP, Tanay A, Cavalli G. Multiscale 3D Genome Rewiring during Mouse Neural Development. Cell. 2017 Oct 19;171(3):557-572.e24. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.043. PMID: 29053968; PMCID: PMC5651218. Noack, F., Vangelisti, S., Raffl, G. et al. Multimodal profiling of the transcriptional regulatory landscape of the developing mouse cortex identifies Neurog2 as a key epigenome remodeler. Nat Neurosci 25, 154–167 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-021-01002-4 Noack F, Vangelisti S, Ditzer N, Chong F, Albert M, Bonev B. Joint epigenome profiling reveals cell-type-specific gene regulatory programmes in human cortical organoids. Nat Cell Biol. 2023 Dec;25(12):1873-1883. doi: 10.1038/s41556-023-01296-5. Epub 2023 Nov 23. PMID: 37996647; PMCID: PMC10709149. Related Episodes Characterization of Epigenetic States in the Oligodendrocyte Lineage (Gonçalo Castelo-Branco) Polycomb Proteins, Gene Regulation, and Genome Organization in Drosophila (Giacomo Cavalli) The Effect of lncRNAs on Chromatin and Gene Regulation (John Rinn) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com
Join us for an insightful conversation with Dr. Nadav Ahituv, a leader in human genetics and gene regulation at UCSF. He shares his personal journey from scoliosis patient to genetic researcher, exploring the mysteries of non-coding DNA, massively parallel reporter assays, and CRISPR-based therapeutic innovations.We dive into his lab's diverse projects, from decoding bat wing development and diet adaptation to tackling complex diseases like scoliosis and cancer through gene modulation. Learn how cloning is used alongside technologies like AI, genome-wide sequencing, and CRISPR to revolutionize our understanding of regulatory elements and shape the future of precision medicine.Plus, discover how a surprising approach—using modified fat cells—could be a game-changer in cancer therapy. This episode is a must-listen for anyone fascinated by the intersection of genetics, technology, and evolution. Subscribe to get future episodes as they drop and if you like what you're hearing we hope you'll share a review or recommend the series to a colleague. Visit the Invitrogen School of Molecular Biology to access helpful molecular biology resources and educational content, and please share this resource with anyone you know working in molecular biology. For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Giacomo Cavalli from the Institute of Human Genetics in Montpellier about his work on critical aspects of epigenetic regulation, particularly the role of Polycomb proteins and chromatin architecture. We start the Interview by talking about Dr. Cavalli's work on Polycomb function in maintaining chromatin states and how it relates to gene regulation. He shares insights from his early lab experiences, where he aimed to understand the inheritance mechanisms of chromatin states through various models, including the FAB7 cellular memory module. The discussion uncovers how Polycomb proteins can silence gene expression and the complex interplay between different epigenetic factors that govern this process. Dr. Cavalli also addresses how he has investigated the recruitment mechanisms of Polycomb complexes, highlighting the roles of several DNA-binding proteins, including DSP-1 and GAGA factor, in this intricate regulatory landscape. He emphasizes the evolution of our understanding of Polycomb recruitment, illustrating the multifactorial nature of this biological puzzle. As the conversation progresses, we explore Dr. Cavalli's fascinating research into the three-dimensional organization of the genome. He explains his contributions to mapping chromosomal interactions within Drosophila and the distinctions observed when performing similar studies in mammalian systems. Key findings regarding topologically associated domains (TADs) and their association with gene expression are presented, alongside the implications for our understanding of gene regulation in development and disease. References Déjardin, J., Rappailles, A., Cuvier, O., Grimaud, C., Decoville, M., Locker, D., & Cavalli, G. (2005). Recruitment of Drosophila Polycomb group proteins to chromatin by DSP1. Nature, 434(7032), 533–538. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03386 Sexton, T., Yaffe, E., Kenigsberg, E., Bantignies, F., Leblanc, B., Hoichman, M., Parrinello, H., Tanay, A., & Cavalli, G. (2012). Three-dimensional folding and functional organization principles of the Drosophila genome. Cell, 148(3), 458–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.010 Bonev, B., Mendelson Cohen, N., Szabo, Q., Fritsch, L., Papadopoulos, G. L., Lubling, Y., Xu, X., Lv, X., Hugnot, J. P., Tanay, A., & Cavalli, G. (2017). Multiscale 3D Genome Rewiring during Mouse Neural Development. Cell, 171(3), 557–572.e24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.043 Szabo, Q., Donjon, A., Jerković, I., Papadopoulos, G. L., Cheutin, T., Bonev, B., Nora, E. P., Bruneau, B. G., Bantignies, F., & Cavalli, G. (2020). Regulation of single-cell genome organization into TADs and chromatin nanodomains. Nature genetics, 52(11), 1151–1157. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-020-00716-8 Related Episodes BET Proteins and Their Role in Chromosome Folding and Compartmentalization (Kyle Eagen) Long-Range Transcriptional Control by 3D Chromosome Structure (Luca Giorgetti) Epigenetic Landscapes During Cancer (Luciano Di Croce) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com
Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., examines the relationship between telomeres, cellular aging, and metabolic health, highlighting how telomere regulation differs between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. She discusses the effects of environmental factors—like glucose levels, stress hormones, and drugs—on telomere maintenance, which can disrupt cellular coordination and contribute to age-related diseases. Blackburn also shares insights from studies on hibernating lemurs, indicating that while their telomere health remains stable during metabolic slowdowns, it declines upon reactivation. Ultimately, she suggests that telomere maintenance could serve as a valuable biomarker for early signs of metabolic dysfunction, informing strategies for long-term health and resilience. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 39944]
Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., examines the relationship between telomeres, cellular aging, and metabolic health, highlighting how telomere regulation differs between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. She discusses the effects of environmental factors—like glucose levels, stress hormones, and drugs—on telomere maintenance, which can disrupt cellular coordination and contribute to age-related diseases. Blackburn also shares insights from studies on hibernating lemurs, indicating that while their telomere health remains stable during metabolic slowdowns, it declines upon reactivation. Ultimately, she suggests that telomere maintenance could serve as a valuable biomarker for early signs of metabolic dysfunction, informing strategies for long-term health and resilience. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 39944]
Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., examines the relationship between telomeres, cellular aging, and metabolic health, highlighting how telomere regulation differs between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. She discusses the effects of environmental factors—like glucose levels, stress hormones, and drugs—on telomere maintenance, which can disrupt cellular coordination and contribute to age-related diseases. Blackburn also shares insights from studies on hibernating lemurs, indicating that while their telomere health remains stable during metabolic slowdowns, it declines upon reactivation. Ultimately, she suggests that telomere maintenance could serve as a valuable biomarker for early signs of metabolic dysfunction, informing strategies for long-term health and resilience. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 39944]
Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., examines the relationship between telomeres, cellular aging, and metabolic health, highlighting how telomere regulation differs between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. She discusses the effects of environmental factors—like glucose levels, stress hormones, and drugs—on telomere maintenance, which can disrupt cellular coordination and contribute to age-related diseases. Blackburn also shares insights from studies on hibernating lemurs, indicating that while their telomere health remains stable during metabolic slowdowns, it declines upon reactivation. Ultimately, she suggests that telomere maintenance could serve as a valuable biomarker for early signs of metabolic dysfunction, informing strategies for long-term health and resilience. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 39944]
Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., examines the relationship between telomeres, cellular aging, and metabolic health, highlighting how telomere regulation differs between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. She discusses the effects of environmental factors—like glucose levels, stress hormones, and drugs—on telomere maintenance, which can disrupt cellular coordination and contribute to age-related diseases. Blackburn also shares insights from studies on hibernating lemurs, indicating that while their telomere health remains stable during metabolic slowdowns, it declines upon reactivation. Ultimately, she suggests that telomere maintenance could serve as a valuable biomarker for early signs of metabolic dysfunction, informing strategies for long-term health and resilience. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 39944]
Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., examines the relationship between telomeres, cellular aging, and metabolic health, highlighting how telomere regulation differs between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. She discusses the effects of environmental factors—like glucose levels, stress hormones, and drugs—on telomere maintenance, which can disrupt cellular coordination and contribute to age-related diseases. Blackburn also shares insights from studies on hibernating lemurs, indicating that while their telomere health remains stable during metabolic slowdowns, it declines upon reactivation. Ultimately, she suggests that telomere maintenance could serve as a valuable biomarker for early signs of metabolic dysfunction, informing strategies for long-term health and resilience. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 39944]
Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D., examines the relationship between telomeres, cellular aging, and metabolic health, highlighting how telomere regulation differs between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals. She discusses the effects of environmental factors—like glucose levels, stress hormones, and drugs—on telomere maintenance, which can disrupt cellular coordination and contribute to age-related diseases. Blackburn also shares insights from studies on hibernating lemurs, indicating that while their telomere health remains stable during metabolic slowdowns, it declines upon reactivation. Ultimately, she suggests that telomere maintenance could serve as a valuable biomarker for early signs of metabolic dysfunction, informing strategies for long-term health and resilience. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 39944]
In this episode, we explore the role of Vitamin D in brain health, focusing on how its active form, calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), influences cognitive function and neuroprotection. We'll discuss the synthesis of Vitamin D, its conversion into its active form, and its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert effects on neurons and glial cells. Additionally, we will highlight how calcitriol regulates gene expression through Vitamin D Response Elements (VDREs), impacting inflammation, antioxidant defense, and neurotrophic support. Finally, we touch on the symptoms of low Vitamin D and the link to cognitive decline. Topics: 1. Introduction to Vitamin D and the Brain - Forms of Vitamin D, synthesis, conversion/activation, and its role in the brain 2. Vitamin D - Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), plant-based sources like mushrooms - Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), UVB radiation, animal-based foods - Inactive forms 3. Synthesis and Conversion of Vitamin D3 - Synthesis in the skin: 7-dehydrocholesterol converts to pre-vitamin D3 - Conversion in the liver: 25-hydroxylase converts D3 to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcidiol) - Final activation in the kidneys: 1-alpha-hydroxylase converts calcidiol to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol), the active form 4. Calcitriol and the Blood-Brain Barrier - Calcitriol's lipophilic nature, crossing the BBB - The structure and function of the blood-brain barrier - How calcitriol diffuses across the BBB and reaches brain cells 5. Calcitriol's Role in the Brain - Interaction with Vitamin D receptors (VDRs) in neurons and glial cells - VDRs in key brain regions: hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia - Binding of calcitriol to VDRs, conformational change, and formation of the VDR-RXR complex 6. Gene Regulation via Vitamin D Response Elements (VDREs) - Overview of VDREs in promoter regions of genes - Role of calcitriol in activating or repressing gene transcription 7. Impact on Inflammatory Responses - VDREs in anti-inflammatory genes promote IL-10 expression - Calcitriol's role in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and TNF-alpha 8. Neurotrophic Factors - VDREs' role in regulating genes that promote BDNF - BDNF's impact on neuron survival, growth, and synaptic connectivity 9. Antioxidant Enzymes - VDREs influence the expression of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) - The role of these enzymes in defending neurons from oxidative stress 10. Brain Regions & Calcitriol - Hippocampus: Learning, memory, neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity - Prefrontal Cortex: Executive functions, mood regulation - Cerebellum: Motor control, cognitive processing, calcium homeostasis - Basal Ganglia: Movement regulation, protection of dopaminergic neurons - Amygdala: Emotion processing, fear, anxiety, stress response 11. Interconnection of Brain Regions - How Vitamin D's effects on neurotransmitter regulation, anti-inflammatory action, and calcium homeostasis create a global protective effect. 12. Conclusion - Recap of calcitriol's cellular mechanisms and neuroprotective effects - Symptoms of low Vitamin D Thank you to our episode sponsor: 1. Check out Daily Nouri and use code CHLOE20 for 20% off your order. Thanks for tuning in! Get Chloe's Book Today! "75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks" Follow Chloe on Instagram @synthesisofwellness Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit synthesisofwellness.com to purchase products, subscribe to our mailing list, and more! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support
This week, we're thrilled to welcome Nadav Ahituv, the Director of the Institute of Human Genetics at the University of California, Berkeley. Patrick and Nadav discuss his research on gene regulation, including his intriguing work on bats and their unique metabolic adaptations – and what that means for human health. They also discuss the evolution of our understanding of genetics, from ancient DNA insights to the mechanisms driving human traits, and how these discoveries could pave the way for future therapies.
Synthetic technologies allow scientists to venture into uncharted waters, asking unique research questions and finding previously unattainable solutions to some of life's biggest mysteries. From gene editing to protein engineering, synthesized DNA libraries enable researchers to grasp once unreachable high-throughput screening applications and dismantle barriers between experimental ideation and execution. In this podcast series, Synthetic Screens, Genes, and De Novo Proteins, The Scientist's Creative Services Team talks to experts about their experiences implementing Twist Bioscience's synthesized long double-stranded gene pools, called Multiplexed Gene Fragments, for high-throughput screening. In this episode, Deanna MacNeil from The Scientist spoke with Josh Tycko, a neurobiology postdoctoral researcher in Michael Greenberg's laboratory at Harvard Medical School, about investigating gene regulation with synthetic DNA libraries.
Human females have two X chromosomes. One is inactive. Monotremes have five X chromosomes and their effect is regulated by RNA which somehow coordinates which chromosome will lead to the production of proteins.
We're digging back into our archives with an episode with bioengineer Polly Fordyce. Polly studies the form and function of proteins. She refers to proteins as the “workhorses” that make things in the body happen, and her study of these molecules reveals a greater understanding of human life. We hope you'll tune in to this conversation again, and enjoy.Episode Reference Links:Stanford Profile: Polly FordycePolly's Lab: The Fordyce LabConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionHost Russ Altman introduces guest Polly Fordyce, a professor of bioengineering and genetics at Stanford University.(00:01:51) What are Proteins?The basics of proteins and their crucial roles in the body.(00:05:01) Protein Structure and FunctionThe relationship between protein structure and function.(00:07:07) Innovations in Protein ResearchThe high-throughput technologies used in the lab to study protein functions.(00:09:44) Mutant Proteins and Functional VariantsHow mutations in proteins affect their function and structure, using the example of the protein PafA.(00:14:24) The Impact of Protein Research on MedicineInsight into how protein mutations can aid in developing targeted therapies.(00:17:37) Proteins and DNA InteractionThe role of proteins in reading DNA and regulating gene expression.(00:21:41) Transcription Factors and DNA BindingThe relationship between transcription factors and specific DNA sequences.(00:25:36) Mechanisms of Transcription ActivationThe process of transcription activation and the role of co-activators and RNA polymerase.(00:28:15) Future Directions in Protein ResearchThe future of protein research, including making advanced research tools more accessible.(00:30:36) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X
In this episode, we delve into the science behind peptide bioregulators, specifically focusing on Glandokort, a natural extract from the adrenal gland. We explore the unique characteristics and mechanisms of peptide bioregulators, highlighting their tissue-specific effects and role in gene regulation. Additionally, we provide an overview of the adrenal glands' anatomy and functions, and discuss how Glandokort may aid in normalizing adrenal gland protein synthesis in the context of some types of adrenal insufficiency. Understanding Peptides Definition of peptides: Short chains of amino acids Comparison of peptide bioregulators and other peptides (e.g., BPC-157) Size and function of peptide bioregulators Bioregulators penetrate the cell membrane AND the nuclear membrane Function of Peptide Bioregulators Role in restoring organ balance Tissue-specific effect Gene Regulation and Cellular Differentiation Importance of gene regulation Nuance of cell differentiation and gene expression Today's focus: gene regulation impacting a cell's functional activity Mechanism of Bioregulators Interaction with DNA and gene expression Binding to histone proteins Promotion of gene expression in tissue-specific cells History and Development of Peptide Bioregulators Early isolation from animal tissues Examples of tissues used for extraction Development of the synthetic peptide bioregulators Natural vs. Synthetic Peptide Bioregulators Availability of natural and synthetic supplements Focusing on the natural extract of the adrenal gland: Glandokort Adrenal Glands Overview Location and function of adrenal glands Division into cortex and medulla 7.1 Adrenal Cortex Zona Glomerulosa: Production of mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) Zona Fasciculata: Production of glucocorticoids (cortisol) Zona Reticularis: Production of androgens 7.2 Adrenal Medulla Production of catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) Role in 'fight or flight' response Glandokort Supplement Description: Natural adrenal gland peptides Function: Normalizing adrenal gland protein synthesis Context of HPA-axis dysfunction or "adrenal fatigue" Importance of working with a licensed medical professional More research is needed Thanks for tuning in! Get Chloe's Book Today! "75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks" If you liked this episode, please leave a rating and review or share it to your stories over on Instagram. If you tag @synthesisofwellness, Chloe would love to personally thank you for listening! Follow Chloe on Instagram @synthesisofwellness Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit synthesisofwellness.com to purchase products, subscribe to our mailing list, and more! Or visit linktr.ee/synthesisofwellness to see all of Chloe's links, schedule a BioPhotonic Scanner consult with Chloe, or support the show! Thanks again for tuning in! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support
Ethnology, also known as cross-cultural analysis or comparative anthropology, involves comparing features of historically documented human societies. It has historical ties to archaeology, with notable figures like Augustus Pitt Rivers and Lewis Binford being proponents. Despite this, it's not commonly seen as a vital archaeological tool. This talk argues for its importance, citing both theoretical and practical benefits. Including ethnology in archaeological education can expedite our understanding of patterns in the archaeological record. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39271]
Ethnology, also known as cross-cultural analysis or comparative anthropology, involves comparing features of historically documented human societies. It has historical ties to archaeology, with notable figures like Augustus Pitt Rivers and Lewis Binford being proponents. Despite this, it's not commonly seen as a vital archaeological tool. This talk argues for its importance, citing both theoretical and practical benefits. Including ethnology in archaeological education can expedite our understanding of patterns in the archaeological record. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39271]
Ethnology, also known as cross-cultural analysis or comparative anthropology, involves comparing features of historically documented human societies. It has historical ties to archaeology, with notable figures like Augustus Pitt Rivers and Lewis Binford being proponents. Despite this, it's not commonly seen as a vital archaeological tool. This talk argues for its importance, citing both theoretical and practical benefits. Including ethnology in archaeological education can expedite our understanding of patterns in the archaeological record. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39271]
CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (Video)
Ethnology, also known as cross-cultural analysis or comparative anthropology, involves comparing features of historically documented human societies. It has historical ties to archaeology, with notable figures like Augustus Pitt Rivers and Lewis Binford being proponents. Despite this, it's not commonly seen as a vital archaeological tool. This talk argues for its importance, citing both theoretical and practical benefits. Including ethnology in archaeological education can expedite our understanding of patterns in the archaeological record. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39271]
Ethnology, also known as cross-cultural analysis or comparative anthropology, involves comparing features of historically documented human societies. It has historical ties to archaeology, with notable figures like Augustus Pitt Rivers and Lewis Binford being proponents. Despite this, it's not commonly seen as a vital archaeological tool. This talk argues for its importance, citing both theoretical and practical benefits. Including ethnology in archaeological education can expedite our understanding of patterns in the archaeological record. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39271]
Ethnology, also known as cross-cultural analysis or comparative anthropology, involves comparing features of historically documented human societies. It has historical ties to archaeology, with notable figures like Augustus Pitt Rivers and Lewis Binford being proponents. Despite this, it's not commonly seen as a vital archaeological tool. This talk argues for its importance, citing both theoretical and practical benefits. Including ethnology in archaeological education can expedite our understanding of patterns in the archaeological record. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39271]
Ethnology, also known as cross-cultural analysis or comparative anthropology, involves comparing features of historically documented human societies. It has historical ties to archaeology, with notable figures like Augustus Pitt Rivers and Lewis Binford being proponents. Despite this, it's not commonly seen as a vital archaeological tool. This talk argues for its importance, citing both theoretical and practical benefits. Including ethnology in archaeological education can expedite our understanding of patterns in the archaeological record. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39271]
Since humans split from their primate ancestors, their brains evolved with a larger mass relative to body weight, more cortical neurons, and distinct connectivity patterns. Human neurons mature more slowly, a trait known as neoteny, likely influencing these differences. Gene regulation, not new genes, may underlie species differences, particularly in the primate lineage. The role of these regulatory mechanisms in human neuron development remains poorly understood. This lecture explores the molecular factors affecting prolonged human neuron maturation and its implications for human development and neurodevelopmental diseases. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39270]
Since humans split from their primate ancestors, their brains evolved with a larger mass relative to body weight, more cortical neurons, and distinct connectivity patterns. Human neurons mature more slowly, a trait known as neoteny, likely influencing these differences. Gene regulation, not new genes, may underlie species differences, particularly in the primate lineage. The role of these regulatory mechanisms in human neuron development remains poorly understood. This lecture explores the molecular factors affecting prolonged human neuron maturation and its implications for human development and neurodevelopmental diseases. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39270]
Since humans split from their primate ancestors, their brains evolved with a larger mass relative to body weight, more cortical neurons, and distinct connectivity patterns. Human neurons mature more slowly, a trait known as neoteny, likely influencing these differences. Gene regulation, not new genes, may underlie species differences, particularly in the primate lineage. The role of these regulatory mechanisms in human neuron development remains poorly understood. This lecture explores the molecular factors affecting prolonged human neuron maturation and its implications for human development and neurodevelopmental diseases. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39270]
CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (Video)
Since humans split from their primate ancestors, their brains evolved with a larger mass relative to body weight, more cortical neurons, and distinct connectivity patterns. Human neurons mature more slowly, a trait known as neoteny, likely influencing these differences. Gene regulation, not new genes, may underlie species differences, particularly in the primate lineage. The role of these regulatory mechanisms in human neuron development remains poorly understood. This lecture explores the molecular factors affecting prolonged human neuron maturation and its implications for human development and neurodevelopmental diseases. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39270]
Since humans split from their primate ancestors, their brains evolved with a larger mass relative to body weight, more cortical neurons, and distinct connectivity patterns. Human neurons mature more slowly, a trait known as neoteny, likely influencing these differences. Gene regulation, not new genes, may underlie species differences, particularly in the primate lineage. The role of these regulatory mechanisms in human neuron development remains poorly understood. This lecture explores the molecular factors affecting prolonged human neuron maturation and its implications for human development and neurodevelopmental diseases. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39270]
Since humans split from their primate ancestors, their brains evolved with a larger mass relative to body weight, more cortical neurons, and distinct connectivity patterns. Human neurons mature more slowly, a trait known as neoteny, likely influencing these differences. Gene regulation, not new genes, may underlie species differences, particularly in the primate lineage. The role of these regulatory mechanisms in human neuron development remains poorly understood. This lecture explores the molecular factors affecting prolonged human neuron maturation and its implications for human development and neurodevelopmental diseases. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39270]
Since humans split from their primate ancestors, their brains evolved with a larger mass relative to body weight, more cortical neurons, and distinct connectivity patterns. Human neurons mature more slowly, a trait known as neoteny, likely influencing these differences. Gene regulation, not new genes, may underlie species differences, particularly in the primate lineage. The role of these regulatory mechanisms in human neuron development remains poorly understood. This lecture explores the molecular factors affecting prolonged human neuron maturation and its implications for human development and neurodevelopmental diseases. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 39270]
In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we caught up with Björn Schumacher from the Institute for Genome Stability in Ageing and Disease at the University of Cologne to talk about his work on DNA damage in longevity and ageing. In this episode Björn Schumacher discusses his research on DNA repair and its impact on ageing. We explore his insights on the effects of DNA damage on transcription, the importance of studying development, and the role of histone modifications. We also discuss paternal DNA damage inheritance and the DREAM complex as a master regulator of DNA repair. The lab's goal is to enhance somatic DNA repair for healthier ageing and disease prevention. References Schumacher, B., van der Pluijm, I., Moorhouse, M. J., Kosteas, T., Robinson, A. R., Suh, Y., Breit, T. M., van Steeg, H., Niedernhofer, L. J., van Ijcken, W., Bartke, A., Spindler, S. R., Hoeijmakers, J. H., van der Horst, G. T., & Garinis, G. A. (2008). Delayed and accelerated aging share common longevity assurance mechanisms. PLoS genetics, 4(8), e1000161. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000161 Ermolaeva, M. A., Segref, A., Dakhovnik, A., Ou, H. L., Schneider, J. I., Utermöhlen, O., Hoppe, T., & Schumacher, B. (2013). DNA damage in germ cells induces an innate immune response that triggers systemic stress resistance. Nature, 501(7467), 416–420. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12452 Wang, S., Meyer, D. H., & Schumacher, B. (2023). Inheritance of paternal DNA damage by histone-mediated repair restriction. Nature, 613(7943), 365–374. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05544-w Bujarrabal-Dueso, A., Sendtner, G., Meyer, D. H., Chatzinikolaou, G., Stratigi, K., Garinis, G. A., & Schumacher, B. (2023). The DREAM complex functions as conserved master regulator of somatic DNA-repair capacities. Nature structural & molecular biology, 30(4), 475–488. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-023-00942-8 Related Episodes Effects of Environmental Cues on the Epigenome and Longevity (Paul Shiels) Transposable Elements in Gene Regulation and Evolution (Marco Trizzino) Epigenetic Clocks and Biomarkers of Ageing (Morgan Levine) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Twitter Epigenetics Podcast on Instagram Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Active Motif on Twitter Active Motif on LinkedIn Email: podcast@activemotif.com
Imagine regenerating your organs, resetting your DNA, and making aging optional. I know, it probably sounds too good to be true. With that said, our guest for this episode, Phil Micans is here to deliver some top-secret health information that will blow your mind. We're going to take a deep dive into the world of peptide bioregulators: a Soviet Military secret that is nothing short of revolutionary with incredible safety profiles. A high-level simplistic way to think of these is as a specialized multivitamins, except they are specific for each organ and system in our body. You've never heard of them because they would affect the bottom lines of Big Pharma and other mainstream Western medicine industries. For over 30 years, Phil Micans has been dedicated and completely immersed in the world of anti-aging and regenerative medicine. Phil spends his time helping to spread the latest international lifespan information to the public by being the Editor of the Aging Matters(TM) magazine and assisting with many other publications and conferences. He also established the IAS Group in 1991, an organization dedicated to finding hard-to-obtain supplements and health products. This episode is loaded with so many insights and revelations. In fact, I was so excited about this conversation that I forgot to turn my recording mic on for the majority of the conversation so I sound a bit muffled but Phil sounds amazing (and that's most important). — Episode Chapter Big Ideas (timing may not be exact) — (0:00:02) - Peptide Bioregulators and Aging and Longevity (0:11:25) - Bioregulators in Food (0:16:48) - Gene Regulation in Thyroid Health (0:30:19) - Bioregulators and Aging (0:40:38) - Biological Age Markers and Horvath Clock Test (0:51:17) - Peptides' Impact on Health and Longevity (0:59:35) - Pineal Peptide's Role in Aging (1:13:46) - Melatonin and Peptide for Cancer Patients (1:26:27) - Peptides and Stem Cells (1:35:06) - Exploring Peptide Bioregulators and Health (1:48:18) - Bioregulators for Lung and Eye Health (1:57:16) - Definitive Guide to Profound Health — Connect with Phil Micans — Website — https://www.antiaging-systems.com/ Store Website — https://profound-health.com/ (save 15% off your order with the code EXECHEALTH-15) Aging Matters (Magazine) Website — https://aging-matters.com/ — Connect with Julian and Executive Health — Curious about becoming a concierge client? Sign up for a complimentary 60-minute Executive Health Meeting — executivehealth.io/contact LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/julianhayesii/ Join my upcoming weekly 'Journal' + get our free executive health report: ‘The Optimal Executive: 17 Impactful Actions to Look, Feel, and Stay at The Top of Your Game.' Visit— executivehealth.io/report ***DISCLAIMER The information shared is not meant to treat or diagnose any condition. This is for educational, informational, and entertainment purposes. The content here is not intended to replace your relationship with your doctor and/or medical practitioner. Any decision to begin the use of the following supplements or use any of the information on this website or podcast should be discussed with your doctor and/or medical practitioner. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/executive-health/message
In today's episode, we are diving deep into the world of bioregulator peptides, what makes them unique when compared to other peptides, and different peptide stacks for different uses. Thanks so much for tuning in! Topics: 1. Introduction - Biohacking Congress Meet-up in Miami 2. Overview of Bioregulator Peptides - Introduction to bioregulator peptides - Comparison with other peptide types (e.g., bpc-157) - Advantages of bioregulator peptides due to size and permeability - Tissue-specific effects of bioregulators 3. Gene Regulation and Cellular Differentiation - Explanation of gene regulation's permanent impact on cell differentiation - Importance of gene expression in cell differentiation but also in the functional activity of the cell 4. Mechanism of Bioregulator Peptides - Interaction of bioregulator peptides with DNA regions - Binding to histone proteins at the gene promoter site - Activation of gene expression and protein synthesis - Tissue-specificity of bioregulator peptides 5. Discovery and Terminology of Bioregulator Peptides - Vladimir Khavinson's role in peptide bioregulator discovery - Extraction of peptides from various tissues - Introduction of synthetic bioregulator peptides - Terminology: cytomedines and cytogen 6. Examples of Bioregulator Peptides - Thymagen: Immunomodulatory effects - Epithalon (Epitalon): Anti-aging effects and telomere elongation - Cortagen: Benefits for central nervous system and neuroprotection - Pancragen: Influence on pancreas / metabolic dysfunction and diabetes - Pinealon: Neuroprotection, melatonin regulation, circadian rhythm, memory, etc... 7. Potential Applications and Stacking of Bioregulator Peptides - Discussion on administration methods (injections, sublingual, oral) - Introduction to an anti-aging stack - Components of the stack: epitalon, pinealon, BPC-157, NAD+ - Personal preferences on peptide selection Thanks for tuning in! Use code CHLOEP for 5% off all Timeline Nutrition products If you liked this episode, please leave a rating and review or share it to your stories over on Instagram. If you tag @synthesisofwellness, Chloe would love to personally thank you for listening! Follow Chloe on Instagram @synthesisofwellness Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit synthesisofwellness.com to purchase products, subscribe to our mailing list, and more! Or visit linktr.ee/synthesisofwellness to see all of Chloe's links, schedule a BioPhotonic Scanner consult with Chloe, or support the show! Thanks again for tuning in! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support
In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we caught up with Paul Shiels from the University of Glasgow to talk about his work on the effects of environmental cues on the epigenome and longevity. Paul Shiels and his team focus on the question on how age related health is influenced by the environment. Factors like the socio-economic position, nutrition, lifestyle and the environment can influence the microbiome and the inflammation burden on the body which in turn can alter individual trajectories of ageing and health. The lab also tries to understand the epigenetic, molecular and cellular mechanisms that link the exposome to chronic age related diseases of older people. They have shown that (1) imbalanced nutrition is associated with a microbiota-mediated accelerated ageing in the general population, (2) a significantly higher abundance of circulatory pathogenic bacteria is found in the most biologically aged, while those less biologically aged possess more circulatory salutogenic bacteria with a capacity to metabolise and produce cytoprotective Nrf2 agonists, (3) those at lower socioeconomic position possess significantly lower betaine levels indicative of a poorer diet and poorer health span and consistent with reduced global DNA methylation levels in this group. References Harris, S. E., Deary, I. J., MacIntyre, A., Lamb, K. J., Radhakrishnan, K., Starr, J. M., Whalley, L. J., & Shiels, P. G. (2006). The association between telomere length, physical health, cognitive ageing, and mortality in non-demented older people. Neuroscience Letters, 406(3), 260–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2006.07.055 Paul G. Shiels, Improving Precision in Investigating Aging: Why Telomeres Can Cause Problems, The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, Volume 65A, Issue 8, August 2010, Pages 789–791, https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glq095 Mafra D, Ugochukwu SA, Borges NA, et al. Food for healthier aging: power on your plate. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2022 Aug:1-14. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2107611. PMID: 35959705. Shiels PG, Stenvinkel P, Kooman JP, McGuinness D. Circulating markers of ageing and allostatic load: A slow train coming. Practical Laboratory Medicine. 2017 Apr;7:49-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2016.04.002. PMID: 28856219; PMCID: PMC5574864. Related Episodes Transposable Elements in Gene Regulation and Evolution (Marco Trizzino) Epigenetic Clocks and Biomarkers of Ageing (Morgan Levine) Aging and Epigenetics (Peter Tessarz) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Twitter Epigenetics Podcast on Instagram Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Active Motif on Twitter Active Motif on LinkedIn Email: podcast@activemotif.com
Jeffrey Magee, M.D., Ph.D., of Washington University in St. Louis, discusses how mechanisms that regulate hematopoietic stem cells change with age and how this shapes the biology of pediatric leukemia. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38398]
Jeffrey Magee, M.D., Ph.D., of Washington University in St. Louis, discusses how mechanisms that regulate hematopoietic stem cells change with age and how this shapes the biology of pediatric leukemia. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 38398]
In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we caught up with Marco Trizzino from Thomas Jefferson University to talk about his work on transposable elements in gene regulation and evolution. Marco Trizzino and his team focus on characterising transposable elements and how they affect gene regulation, evolution and ageing in primates. They could show that transposable elements that integrated into the genome turned into regulatory elements in the genome, like enhancers. They then contribute to regulation of processes like development or ageing, which could be among those factors that lead to increased brain development or longevity in great apes. References Trizzino M, Park Y, Holsbach-Beltrame M, Aracena K, Mika K, Caliskan M, Perry GH, Lynch VJ, Brown CD. Transposable elements are the primary source of novelty in primate gene regulation. Genome Res. 2017 Oct;27(10):1623-1633. doi: 10.1101/gr.218149.116. Epub 2017 Aug 30. PMID: 28855262; PMCID: PMC5630026. Pagliaroli L, Porazzi P, Curtis AT, Scopa C, Mikkers HMM, Freund C, Daxinger L, Deliard S, Welsh SA, Offley S, Ott CA, Calabretta B, Brugmann SA, Santen GWE, Trizzino M. Inability to switch from ARID1A-BAF to ARID1B-BAF impairs exit from pluripotency and commitment towards neural crest formation in ARID1B-related neurodevelopmental disorders. Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 9;12(1):6469. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26810-x. PMID: 34753942; PMCID: PMC8578637. Tejada-Martinez D, Avelar RA, Lopes I, Zhang B, Novoa G, de Magalhães JP, Trizzino M. Positive Selection and Enhancer Evolution Shaped Lifespan and Body Mass in Great Apes. Mol Biol Evol. 2022 Feb 3;39(2):msab369. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msab369. PMID: 34971383; PMCID: PMC8837823. Young transposable elements rewired gene regulatory networks in human and chimpanzee hippocampal intermediate progenitors. Sruti Patoori, Samantha M. Barnada, Christopher Large, John I. Murray, Marco Trizzino. bioRxiv 2021.11.24.469877; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.24.469877 Related Episodes Enhancer-Promoter Interactions During Development (Yad Ghavi-Helm) Chromatin Organization During Development and Disease (Marieke Oudelaar) Ultraconserved Enhancers and Enhancer Redundancy (Diane Dickel) Contact Active Motif on Twitter Epigenetics Podcast on Twitter Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Facebook Email: podcast@activemotif.com
In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we caught up with John Rinn from the University of Colorado in Boulder to talk about his work on the role of lncRNAs in gene expression and nuclear organization. The Rinn Lab pioneered the approach of screening the human genome for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). More recently, the lab has shifted focus from measuring the number of lncRNAs to finding lncRNAs that have a distinct biological function in human health and disease. One example of such a lncRNA is FIRRE, which is present in all animals, however the sequence is not conserved, except for in primates. FIRRE contains many interesting features, such as repeat sequences and CTCF binding sites. In absence of FIRRE, defects in the immune system can be observed and also some brain defects may also be observed. References Carter, T., Singh, M., Dumbovic, G., Chobirko, J. D., Rinn, J. L., & Feschotte, C. (2022). Mosaic cis-regulatory evolution drives transcriptional partitioning of HERVH endogenous retrovirus in the human embryo. eLife, 11, e76257. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.76257 Long, Y., Hwang, T., Gooding, A. R., Goodrich, K. J., Rinn, J. L., & Cech, T. R. (2020). RNA is essential for PRC2 chromatin occupancy and function in human pluripotent stem cells. Nature Genetics, 52(9), 931–938. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-020-0662-x Kelley, D., & Rinn, J. (2012). Transposable elements reveal a stem cell-specific class of long noncoding RNAs. Genome biology, 13(11), R107. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2012-13-11-r107 Khalil, A. M., Guttman, M., Huarte, M., Garber, M., Raj, A., Rivea Morales, D., Thomas, K., Presser, A., Bernstein, B. E., van Oudenaarden, A., Regev, A., Lander, E. S., & Rinn, J. L. (2009). Many human large intergenic noncoding RNAs associate with chromatin-modifying complexes and affect gene expression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(28), 11667–11672. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0904715106 Guttman, M., Amit, I., Garber, M., French, C., Lin, M. F., Feldser, D., Huarte, M., Zuk, O., Carey, B. W., Cassady, J. P., Cabili, M. N., Jaenisch, R., Mikkelsen, T. S., Jacks, T., Hacohen, N., Bernstein, B. E., Kellis, M., Regev, A., Rinn, J. L., & Lander, E. S. (2009). Chromatin signature reveals over a thousand highly conserved large non-coding RNAs in mammals. Nature, 458(7235), 223–227. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07672 Related Episodes The Role of lncRNAs in Tumor Growth and Treatment (Sarah Diermeier) The Role of Small RNAs in Transgenerational Inheritance in C. elegans (Oded Rechavi) Chromatin Structure and Dynamics at Ribosomal RNA Genes (Tom Moss) Contact Active Motif on Twitter Epigenetics Podcast on Twitter Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Facebook Email: podcast@activemotif.com
My guest is Rhonda Patrick, Ph.D. She earned her doctoral degree in biomedical science from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center and has become one of the leading public health educators on the brain and general health, aging, cancer, and nutrition. We discuss the four major categories of micronutrients that regulate cellular and organ stress and antioxidants, inflammation, hormone regulation, immune system, and longevity. Dr. Patrick provides actionable protocols for obtaining key micronutrients from food and/or supplement-based sources. Additionally, Dr. Patrick outlines protocols for deliberate cold and deliberate heat exposure to benefit metabolism, cardiorespiratory fitness, mental health, and lifespan. Thank you to our sponsors AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman Thesis: https://takethesis.com/huberman InsideTracker: https://insidetracker.com/huberman See Andrew Huberman Live: The Brain Body Contract Tuesday, May 17th: Seattle, WA Wednesday, May 18th: Portland, OR https://hubermanlab.com/tour Our Patreon page https://www.patreon.com/andrewhuberman Supplements from Momentous https://www.livemomentous.com/huberman. For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com. Timestamps (00:00:00) Dr. Rhonda Patrick – Micronutrients, Cold & Heat Exposure (00:03:12) Momentous Supplements (00:04:27) The Brain-Body Contract (00:05:30) AG1 (Athletic Greens), Thesis, InsideTracker (00:09:42) Stress Response Pathways, Hormesis (00:16:38) Plants, Polyphenols, Sulforaphane (00:21:12) Tools 1: Sulforaphane - Broccoli Sprouts, Broccoli, Mustard Seed (00:23:50) Tool 2: Moringa & Nrf2 Antioxidant Response (00:25:25) Sulforaphane: Antioxidants (Glutathione) & Air Pollution (Benzene Elimination) (00:27:10) Plants & Stress Response Pathways, Intermittent Challenges (00:29:35) Traumatic Brain Injury, Sulforaphane, Nrf2 (00:35:08) Tools 3: Omega-3 Fatty Acids (ALA, EPA & DHA), Fish Oil, Oxidation (00:48:40) EPA Omega-3s & Depression (00:52:02) Krill Oil vs. Fish Oil Supplements? (00:54:23) Benefits of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Omega-3 Index & Life Expectancy (00:59:24) Tool 4: Food Sources of EPA Omega-3s (01:06:07) Omega-3 Supplementation, Omega-3 Index Testing (01:10:22) Benefits of Omega-3s (01:14:40) Tool 5: Food Sources of DHA Omega-3s (01:17:07) Vitamin D & Sun Skin Exposure (01:22:18) Role of Vitamin D, Gene Regulation (01:25:30) Tool 6: Vitamin D Testing & Vitamin D3 Supplementation (01:33:15) Tool 7: Skin Surface Area & Sun Exposure, Vitamin D (01:34:23) Vitamin D & Longevity (01:36:46) Sun Exposure & Sunscreen (01:40:30) Role of Magnesium, Magnesium Sources, Dark Leafy Green Vegetables (01:44:50) Tool 8: Magnesium Supplements: Citrate, Threonate, Malate, Bisglycinate (01:50:57) Tool 9: Deliberate Cold Exposure Protocol & Mood/Anxiety (01:59:22) Tool 10: Cold Exposure, Mitochondria UCP1 & Heat Generation (02:02:30) Tool 11: Cold & Fat ‘Browning', PGC-1alpha, Metabolism (02:05:08) Cold Exposure & High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), PGC-1alpha, Muscle (02:08:04) Tools 12: Exercise, HIIT, Tabata & Sauna (02:13:30) Tool 13: Sauna, Endorphins/Dynorphins, Mood (02:17:45) Tool 14: Mild Stress, Adrenaline & Memory (02:19:53) Sauna, Vasodilation & Alzheimer's and Dementia Risk (02:25:30) Sauna Benefits, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) (02:31:29) Insulin signaling, FOXO3 & Longevity (02:33:22) Tools 16: Sauna Protocols, Hot Baths & Fertility (02:37:41) Tool 17: Exercise & Longevity, Osteocalcin (02:41:37) Tools 18: Red Light Sauna? Infrared Sauna? Sauna & Sweating of Heavy Metals (02:47:20) FoundMyFitness Podcast, Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Patreon, Momentous Supplements, Huberman Lab on Instagram & Twitter Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac Disclaimer
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