Podcasts about Nutrient management

As farmers work to get the 2025 crop in the ground, Corteva Agriscience Market Development Specialist Chris Kluemke says it's important to get off to the best start possible this spring. He tells Brownfield there are many nitrogen decisions yet to be made as conditions vary across the Corn Belt.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

“Using electromagnetic induction to inform precision turfgrass management strategies in sand-capped golf course fairways” with Dr. Briana Wyatt and Dallas Williams Golf courses are well known for their beautiful greens, but overusing fertilizer and water to keep them looking pristine can lead to inefficient, expensive, and environmentally damaging waste. Precision turfgrass management can help, but only if we can find the right methods to put it into use. In this episode, Briana and Dallas join me to discuss their research on how electrical conductivity can be used to help determine golf course needs. Tune in to learn: ·         How many management zones might be in a fairway ·         How turfgrass type can effect electromagnetic induction correlations ·         Which properties are most correlated with electromagnetic induction readings ·         How researchers can get readings on large areas of a golf course fairway If you would like more information about this topic, this episode's paper is available here: https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70020 This paper is always freely available. Contact us at podcast@sciencesocieties.org or on Twitter @FieldLabEarth if you have comments, questions, or suggestions for show topics, and if you want more content like this don't forget to subscribe. If you'd like to see old episodes or sign up for our newsletter, you can do so here: https://fieldlabearth.libsyn.com/. If you would like to reach out to Briana, you can find her here: briana.wyatt@tamu.edu If you would like to reach out to Dallas, you can find her here: dmwilliams22@tamu.edu Resources CEU Quiz: https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses/Course-Detail?productid=%7bD35BC10D-F821-F011-9989-000D3A32C099%7d Transcripts: https://www.rev.com/app/transcript/NjgyNGU4NmRkZjIzY2FlOWRmYTQ4ZmEwV2Y5WFhuVTFpTnR3/o/VEMwODY4NTQyOTM4 TAMU turfgrass website: https://soilcrop.tamu.edu/research/turfgrass/ TAMU Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tamusoilcrop TAMU Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Twitter: https://x.com/tamusoilcrop Thank you to our volunteer Om Prakash Ghimire for help with the shownotes and other assets. Thank you to Cole Shalk from 12twelve Media for the Audio Processing on today's episode. Field, Lab, Earth is Copyrighted by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.

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Timestamps & Summary  Chris Gwyn (03:02)What is important for producers and nutritionists to consider when optimizing stock and density in their dairies?Dr. Rick Grant (03:10)Well, that's the big question, isn't it?And there are at least two or three main factors that we can get into today. One would be just, I had an aha moment a few years ago when a grad student and I realized that we need to think about overcrowding as a subclinical stressor. That allows us to think about how the same level of stocking density of stalls or feed bunk doesn't affect every herd the same way because the point at which a subclinical stressor affects a cow within a herd really is a function of the quality of the management on that dairy as well as the quality of the facilities. […]The other thing, I would say is, we know this, but we don't think about it enough. When we say stocking density, we count stalls, we count cows, or we count headlocks, we count cows. But we need to always step back and think within a pen, what is the experienced stocking density from an individual cow's perspective? […] I think that's something we need to think more about in terms of managing a given stocking density on a specific farm, the cow's perspective. […]We did a study where we found that cows tend to prefer the stalls nearest the pen exit, particularly lame cows. And doesn't that make sense? If you're a lame cow and walking is a bit challenging for you, you may have 50 stalls to choose from, but you choose the ones that are closest to the exit or the entrance. That tells me right there that a simple mathematical calculation of stocking density would fail those moderately lame cows because they don't have 50 stalls available to them. They might only have 10 or 12 if you allow them to express their natural desired resting behavior. That's something we need to wrestle with in the industry. Chris Gwyn (07:13)What are some of the key metrics or cow observations that we should follow in order to ensure that what we use on the farm, as far as stocking density, helps us to maximize that component yield or profitability?Dr. Rick Grant (07:30)Well, certainly, the things that we normally measure, like milk yield, intake, repro health, all of those things can give us clues in terms of how well the cows in that pen are dealing with the day-over-day chronic subclinical stress of the overcrowding. […] But at some point, every herd will have a problem with additional stressors. And how many stressors are there on a typical farm? The list is long. You might say time outside the pen is too long. Are all the stalls comfortable? Is feed available 24/7? All these things are critical factors that can snowball or add to the negative consequences of some subclinical degree of overcrowding. […] Chris Gwyn (10:05)What are the essential factors in managing these cow pens if we're managing to a higher level of stocking density?Dr. Rick Grant (10:12)We did some work a number of years ago. We looked at almost 80 farms in New York and Vermont, and it was all breeds. Jersey and Holstein breeds, tie stalls, free stalls, and some robotic herds. The things that rose to the top in terms of essential factors […] is that they don't go as high in bunk stocking density. They just don't push the system as hard. That's simple to say, but that was the biggest factor. In fact, we looked at all the variations in terms of milk fat and protein across these 69 herds; 65 % of the variation in component output was due just to bunk stocking density, not necessarily nutrition. […] Chris Gwyn (12:58)What are the key takeaways that you would share with the audience: nutritionists, veterinarians, and primary producers? If they're going to manage through stocking density, what do they need to really pay attention to?Dr. Rick Grant (13:12)I think the best answer for that hit me a few years ago. I was reading this paper on robotic milking systems and automated milking systems. It was over 120 farms. […] What struck me is the factors on the farm that contributed to the best milk yield, and the best lameness outcomes were the exact same list of factors that we've seen with free stall barns and probably even tie stall barns to a certain extent. But it's feed push ups and deep-bedded sand in these 120 farms. Those two factors, feed availability, comfortable stalls, and deep-bedded sand, resulted in 4 to 5 pounds, at least more milk production on average. The other thing about lameness […] is the same as the free stall herds: greater bunk space, feeding frequency, and deep-bedded stalls. You sound like a broken record, but those factors rise to the top in every study that I'm aware of. […]At the end of the day, if you can get that done, you're going to have a good balance in your herd between eating time, and eating behavior, and you're going to have that recumbent rumination, that lying down rumination that we think is so critical to cow health and performance.

How many crops can actually benefit from stress? Sweet potatoes are in a league of their own.  In fact, they've recently become Mississippi's official state vegetable.   Join Mike Howell and Crop Consultant, Phil McKibben, as they explore the surprising science behind sweet potato production. Explore what makes this crop different, from their resilience under stress to the important role of the mother plant. Dive into everything from soil fertility considerations to harvest management tips on this episode of The Dirt.   Looking for the latest in crop nutrition research? Visit nutrien-ekonomics.com    Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NutrieneKonomics 

Cation exchange capacity and cation balancing are the topics of the day in this episode of the Nutrient Management Podcast. What are the definitions of cation exchange capacity and cation balancing? How is CEC measured, and are those estimates reliable? What does the research say about CEC and CB and their role in a nutrient management strategy? What should farmers remember about cation exchange capacity and cation balancing for their own operations?Guests:Fabian Fernandez, Extension nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Daniel Kaiser, Extension nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Carl Rosen, Extension nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Additional Resources:Timing of K application for corn and soybean productionChloride and soybean: What to know about potash fertilizer managementImpact of cation exchange on corn K guidelinesFour soil test myths that farmers should knowCorn planting and nitrogen management: 5 things to considerFall K fertilizer decisions: How should corn growers prioritize applying potassium?Potassium management: Maps showing soil clay type could help Minnesota farmers---Click here to listen to all Nutrient Management Podcast episodes.For the latest nutrient management information, subscribe to the Nutrient Management Podcast. And don't forget to subscribe to the Minnesota Crop News daily or weekly email newsletter, subscribe to our YouTube channel, like UMN Extension Nutrient Management on Facebook, follow us on X (formerly twitter), and visit our website.If you have questions or comments, please email us at nutmgmt@umn.edu.Support for the Nutrient Management Podcast is provided by Minnesota's fertilizer tonnage fee through the Agricultural Fertilizer Research & Education Council (AFREC). Learn more at MNsoilfertility.com.

Gunny Kreps joins the show to break down the fundamentals of plant nutrition and how it directly impacts crop growth, resilience, and yield. Representing AgXplore, Gunny explains the five stages of crop development—Foundation, Establishment, Architecture, Reproductive, and Maturity—and highlights how understanding and supporting each phase can maximize ROI.We also tackle real-world challenges like slow plant growth, leaf rolling, grain fill issues, and unpredictable weather. Gunther shares what separates top-performing farms from the rest and offers advice on trying new practices, field trialing with check strips, and planning fertility strategies for 2025-2026. Plus, we wrap things up Farm4Fun style with some lighthearted agronomy banter. www.agxplore.com  Want Farm4Profit Merch? Custom order your favorite items today!https://farmfocused.com/farm-4profit/ Don't forget to like the podcast on all platforms and leave a review where ever you listen! Website: www.Farm4Profit.comShareable episode link: https://intro-to-farm4profit.simplecast.comEmail address: Farm4profitllc@gmail.comCall/Text: 515.207.9640Subscribe to YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSR8c1BrCjNDDI_Acku5XqwFollow us on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@farm4profitllc Connect with us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Farm4ProfitLLC/

Managing manure may not be glamorous, but it can be a key player in your nutrient management plan. Unpack the nutrient value of manure in this episode of The Dirt. From what your soil says about manure management to the benefits and drawbacks, we explore it all to help you uncover its true value in your fields.   What's the difference between dry and liquid manure? How much manure can you apply? How is manure stored throughout the season? How does composting support manure management? Uncover the dirt truth about manure in this episode of The Dirt featuring Penn State University professors, Robert Meinen and Charles White.   Calculate the economic value of manure today at www.extension.psu.edu/manure-nutrient-value-calculator.   Looking for the latest in crop nutrition research? Visit nutrien-ekonomics.com   Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NutrieneKonomics

Soil Health Revolution: Unlocking the Potential Beneath Your Feet | Growing the Future Mastermind Join host Dan Aberhart in the 'Engine of the Soil Igniting the Evergreen Revolution' webinar as he speaks with Greg Patterson, CEO and founder of A&L Canada Laboratories. This webinar, presented by A&L Canada Laboratories and Growing the Future Productions, gathers a powerhouse of agronomic expertise to discuss soil health and its transformative potential in agriculture. Greg shares his 40 years of experience and unveils a comprehensive soil health series that will bring agronomic insights to farmers in Western Canada and beyond. The session explores the history of green revolutions, the importance of soil microbiomes, balanced fertility, and innovative techniques to boost crop yields while maintaining environmental sustainability. Engage with the discussion, learn about the groundbreaking Soil Health Index, and discover how proper soil management can revolutionize agricultural productivity. Stay tuned for future sessions and masterclasses aimed at elevating agronomy practices globally. 00:00 Welcome and Introduction 01:30 Excitement for Soil Health Series 03:04 Greg Patterson's Vision and Goals 06:00 Historical Overview of Fertility 06:18 The First Green Revolution 08:23 The Second Green Revolution 09:24 The Evergreen Revolution 09:50 Plant-Microbe Interactions 11:36 Soil Health and Microbial Activity 16:18 Case Study: Potato Production 19:49 A&L Biologicals and Soil Health 25:56 Balanced Fertility and Nutrient Management 33:14 Q&A Session: Soil Health and Fertility 47:59 Impact of Agriculture on Organic Matter 49:46 The Role of Sulfur in Soil Health 52:47 Microbial Activity and Soil Moisture 01:02:10 No-Till Farming and Soil Stratification 01:09:29 Soil Health Index and Microbial Populations 01:23:21 Introducing the Growing the Future Mastermind

The goalpost has shifted in nutrient management—are you keeping up?   Explore new insights from the University of Kentucky to help meet your soil's rising demand for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur on this episode of The Dirt.   Declining soil test levels inspired the University to revisit their nutrient management recommendations. What actually changed? How can you maintain an optimum rate of each nutrient? Find out everything you need to know in this exciting episode with Mike Howell and John H. Grove.   Looking for the latest in crop nutrition research? Visit nutrien-ekonomics.com   Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NutrieneKonomics

Uncover the pros and cons of cutting back on fertilizer and strategies to optimize fertilizer efficiency. Kick off season four with Mike Howell as he takes a closer look at how growers can manage phosphorus and potassium under tight budgets and the importance of maintaining an optimum soil test range. Explore the value of fertilizer in various soil types, uncover tips for managing your nutrient budget and discover how nutrients work together to boost your yield and profitability.   Looking for the latest in crop nutrition research? Visit nutrien-ekonomics.com   Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NutrieneKonomics

Joining us today is plant physiologist Nicolas Cafaro La Menza, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Here, he researches the development of agronomic strategies and tools to enhance agroecosystems management. Based at a research station in West Central Nebraska, Nicolas works in both research and extension. Nicolas closely studies the nutrients and resource use of crops to enhance plant growth – specifically looking at factors such as sunlight, water, phosphorus, and nitrogen… Click play to find out: The importance of maintaining well-balanced nutrient levels in crops. How nitrogen levels in soybeans can be altered to achieve higher yields. The kinds of crops that react well to nitrogen fixation. Why phosphorus is a less mobile nutrient than nitrogen. Click here to learn more about Nicolas and his research! Episode also available on Apple Podcast: http://apple.co/30PvU9C Upgrade Your Wallet Game with Ekster!  Get the sleek, smart wallet you deserve—and save while you're at it! Use coupon code FINDINGGENIUS at checkout or shop now with this exclusive link: ekster.com?sca_ref=4822922.DtoeXHFUmQ5  Smarter, slimmer, better. Don't miss out!

Brian Dougherty of Understanding Ag joins me once again. This time to discuss how we can become more adaptable with our nutrient management. Rather than following the conventional 4R approach of right source, right rate, right time, right place we look at the 6P approach where we let the 6 Principles of Soil Health guide...

Today we talk with four panelists throughout Minnesota about nutrient management and cover crops. What are some results of new research looking into incorporating covers into a nutrient management strategy? What are some of the specific rotations being measured, and why? What do farmers need to know about new manure management regulations and cover crops? How much of MN has incorporated covers? This and more on today's episode.Guests:Lindsay Pease, Extension nutrient and water management specialist (Crookston)Melissa Wilson, Extension manure nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Jeff Vetsch, U of M researcher (Waseca)Bailey Tangen, Extension educator (Farmington)Additional Resources:Land application of manureMPCA announces updated water permits now available to large feedlot operatorsFeedlot permits: What's new in 2025?Great Lakes Cover Crop Project—Click here to listen to all Nutrient Management Podcast episodes.For the latest nutrient management information, subscribe to the Nutrient Management Podcast. And don't forget to subscribe to the Minnesota Crop News daily or weekly email newsletter, subscribe to our YouTube channel, like UMN Extension Nutrient Management on Facebook, follow us on X (formerly twitter), and visit our website.If you have questions or comments, please email us at nutmgmt@umn.edu.Support for the Nutrient Management Podcast is provided by Minnesota's fertilizer tonnage fee through the Agricultural Fertilizer Research & Education Council (AFREC). Learn more at MNsoilfertility.com.

This episode features Rishi Prasad, the nutrient management guy.  He says where the nutrients go, his research follows. The group discusses chicken litter production and its wide use on Alabama....

In this episode of the Alabama Crops Report podcast, hosts Simer Virk and Scott Graham continue their nutrient management discussion with Rishi Prasad. Different areas of the state call for....

From Father to Son: Preston Marthey's Water Management Legacy In this heartfelt episode of the Growing the Future podcast, host Dan Aberhart reconnects with Preston Marthey, a Territory Manager for CropX. Join us as Preston shares his inspiring journey from high school 'wild child' to an innovator in the precision ag industry, stepping into the huge shoes left behind by his father, Big Dave. Dive into the rich history of water management, the evolution of precision agriculture, and the transformative power of ag tech. Witness the strong familial bonds and core values that drive Preston's passion for sustainable farming practices, as well as the cutting-edge solutions he's bringing to farmers across North America. Tune in for a conversation filled with wisdom, wit, and a touch of nostalgia, celebrating the past while paving the way for the future of agriculture. 00:00 Welcome to Growing the Future Podcast 02:25 Introducing Today's Guest: Preston Marthey 03:12 Preston's Early Journey in Agriculture 06:23 Technological Shifts in Precision Agriculture 09:39 Generational Wisdom and Business Evolution 13:15 Challenges and Innovations in Water Management 26:39 Balancing Family and Work in Agriculture 31:38 The Art and Science of Land Forming 47:04 Balancing Simplicity and Precision in Farming 47:28 The Impact of OptiSurface on Land Leveling 48:10 Challenges and Solutions in Soil Management 50:14 Regional Differences in Agricultural Practices 53:33 The Importance of Precision Investment 55:17 Nutrient Management and Technology Integration 01:10:06 Mentorship and Personal Growth in Agriculture 01:27:40 Final Thoughts and Reflections

Here we are in 2025. Today on the Nutrient Management Podcast, our panelists talk about how the practice of nutrient management has changed over the last quarter century. How have precipitation levels - and perceptions about precipitation - changed? What came before the current Maximum Return To Nitrogen management model, and what did the change address? How has U of M research contributed to sulfur nutrient management understanding? How has awareness of ground and surface water quality evolved? Finally, how has tech changed (or not changed) the practice of fertilizer management over the last quarter century? This and much more on today's show.Guests:Daniel Kaiser, Extension nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Carl Rosen, Extension nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Jeff Vetsch, U of M researcher (Waseca)Brad Carlson, Extension educator (Mankato)Fabian Fernandez, Extension nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Additional Resources:Nutrient management (UMN Extension)Register for Nitrogen Conference & Nutrient Management Conference—Click here to listen to all Nutrient Management Podcast episodes.For the latest nutrient management information, subscribe to the Nutrient Management Podcast. And don't forget to subscribe to the Minnesota Crop News daily or weekly email newsletter, subscribe to our YouTube channel, like UMN Extension Nutrient Management on Facebook, follow us on X (formerly twitter), and visit our website.If you have questions or comments, please email us at nutmgmt@umn.edu.Support for the Nutrient Management Podcast is provided by Minnesota's fertilizer tonnage fee through the Agricultural Fertilizer Research & Education Council (AFREC). Learn more at MNsoilfertility.com.

“Microarthropods improve oat nutritional quality and mediate fertilizer effects on soil biological activity” with Dr. Ashley Jernigan Microarthropods are little critters that can have a big impact on crop production, particularly when it comes to nutrient cycling and nutrient acquisition. However, there's still much to learn about how the work these little helpers do is affected when paired with different types of fertilizers. In this episode, Dr. Jernigan joins me to discuss how microarthropods get along with different fertilizer treatments. Tune in to learn: ·         What other animal springtails look like ·         How researchers count microarthropods ·         What impacts organic fertilizers have on microarthropods ·         How microarthropods can help crops thrive If you would like more information about this topic, this episode's paper is available here: https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.21597 This paper is always freely available. Contact us at podcast@sciencesocieties.org or on Twitter @FieldLabEarth if you have comments, questions, or suggestions for show topics, and if you want more content like this don't forget to subscribe. If you'd like to see old episodes or sign up for our newsletter, you can do so here: https://fieldlabearth.libsyn.com/. If you would like to reach out to Ashley, you can find her here: https://x.com/Jernigan_AB www.ashleybjernigan.com Ashley Jernigan | School of Plant and Environmental Sciences | Virginia Tech   Resources CEU Quiz: https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses/Course-Detail?productid=%7b7285E2E8-2CD4-EF11-8EE9-0022480C3B17%7d Transcripts: https://www.rev.com/app/transcript/Njc4OTI5M2Y0ZjNhZjcwMTI3OGE5Y2ExX3hzQURLZWFjR1NX/o/VEMwMDYzOTQ3MjA5 Soil mesofauna fact sheets: https://bpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blogs.cornell.edu/dist/9/4123/files/2021/07/Jernigan_EOA-Fact-Sheets_Merged.pdf Soil mesofauna video: https://youtu.be/AHVGFDpRXhQ?si=-q_ASEwB2D-4u3kF  Chaos of Delight: https://www.chaosofdelight.org/gallery Thank you to our volunteer Om Prakash Ghimire for help with the shownotes and other assets. Thank you to Cole Shalk from 12twelve Media for the Audio Processing on today's episode. Field, Lab, Earth is Copyrighted by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.

Today on the podcast we focus on soybean nutrient management. Our four soybean and nutrient management panelists from across Minnesota and North Dakota explain their research trials, and discuss some preliminary results in the region. Also, what should growers keep in mind as we transition into 2025? What are the panelists' concerns about IDC? That and much more on our last episode of 2024.  Guests:Lindsay Malone, Assistant professor, Climate Smart Approaches to Agriculture (NDSU)Lindsay Pease, Extension nutrient and water management specialist (Crookston)Seth Naeve, Extension soybean agronomist (St. Paul)Daniel Kaiser, Extension nutrient management specialist (St. Paul)Additional Resources:Growing soybeanIs it worth applying sulfur to your soybean crop?Chloride and soybean: What to know about potash fertilizer management—Click here to listen to all Nutrient Management Podcast episodes.For the latest nutrient management information, subscribe to the Nutrient Management Podcast wherever you listen and never miss an episode. And don't forget to subscribe to the Minnesota Crop News daily or weekly email newsletter, and to our YouTube channel. Be sure to like UMN Extension Nutrient Management on Facebook, follow us on X (formerly Twitter), and of course visit our website.If you have questions or comments, please email us at nutmgmt@umn.edu.Support for the Nutrient Management Podcast is provided by Minnesota's fertilizer tonnage fee through the Agricultural Fertilizer Research & Education Council (AFREC). Learn more at MNsoilfertility.com.

Dan Brown is a fifth-generation farmer who grows hazelnuts in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, the primary hazelnut-growing region in the United States. Dan is always experimenting with new growing methods, and views failures as opportunities for learning and growth. This perspective has led to significant successes, such as improving yields while reducing input costs and demonstrating the potential for regenerative practices in hazelnut farming. In this episode, John and Dan discuss:  Farming hazelnuts in Oregon's unique microclimate Tackling soil compaction, erosion, and disease resistance Using sap analysis and foliar feeding to optimize crop health Testing new ideas on small scales despite potential failures Dealing with shifts in market demands Reducing nitrogen applications  About John Kempf John Kempf is the founder of Advancing Eco Agriculture (AEA). A top expert in biological and regenerative farming, John founded AEA in 2006 to help fellow farmers by providing the education, tools, and strategies that will have a global effect on the food supply and those who grow it. Through intense study and the knowledge gleaned from many industry leaders, John is building a comprehensive systems-based approach to plant nutrition – a system solidly based on the sciences of plant physiology, mineral nutrition, and soil microbiology. Support For This Show & Helping You Grow Since 2006, AEA has been on a mission to help growers become more resilient, efficient, and profitable with regenerative agriculture.  AEA works directly with growers to apply its unique line of liquid mineral crop nutrition products and biological inoculants. Informed by cutting-edge plant and soil data-gathering techniques, AEA's science-based programs empower farm operations to meet the crop quality markers that matter the most. AEA has created real and lasting change on millions of acres with its products and data-driven services by working hand-in-hand with growers to produce healthier soil, stronger crops, and higher profits. Beyond working on the ground with growers, AEA leads in regenerative agriculture media and education, producing and distributing the popular and highly-regarded Regenerative Agriculture Podcast, inspiring webinars, and other educational content that serve as go-to resources for growers worldwide. Learn more about AEA's regenerative programs and products: https://www.advancingecoag.com

What You Will LearnThe importance of soil health and nutrient management in agricultureThe impact of recent rainfall on winter crops and pasturesThe adaptability of wheat and its role in Oklahoma's agriculturePractical advice on soil testing and nutrient applicationInsights into the debate surrounding cover cropsSoil Health and Nutrient ManagementThe podcast emphasizes the critical role of soil organic matter and microbial activity in maintaining soil health. These factors are particularly important after periods of drought, as they influence nutrient availability and overall soil quality. Producers must prioritize soil health to ensure sustainable crop production.Impact of Recent RainfallOklahoma has experienced significant rainfall, with some areas receiving up to 10 inches. This precipitation has revitalized winter crops and pastures, leading to improved conditions for wheat and other crops. The rainfall has also resulted in elevated nitrate levels in the soil, which necessitates careful nutrient management strategies to optimize crop growth.Adaptability of WheatThe flexibility of wheat as a crop is a key highlight of the episode. Wheat demonstrates resilience in Oklahoma's variable climate, making it a staple for producers. Understanding the adaptability of crops like wheat can help farmers make informed decisions about crop management and planting strategies.Practical Advice on Soil TestingProducers are encouraged to conduct soil tests to monitor nutrient levels, particularly after significant rainfall. Soil testing allows farmers to adjust their nutrient management practices accordingly. For instance, if grazing, it is advisable to consider nitrogen application during slow growth periods to support crop health.Debate on Cover CropsThe podcast also touches on the ongoing debate regarding the effectiveness of cover crops in different soil types and climates. Opinions vary on their benefits in Oklahoma compared to northern states. Understanding these differing perspectives can help producers make better decisions about incorporating cover crops into their management practices.Key LearningsSoil health is essential for sustainable agriculture, particularly after drought.Recent rainfall has improved conditions for winter crops, necessitating careful nutrient management.Wheat's adaptability is crucial for resilience in Oklahoma's agriculture.Soil testing is vital for informed nutrient application decisions.The debate on cover crops highlights the need for tailored management strategies based on local conditions.(00:00:03) - Introduction to the episode and guest Dr. Danny Adamson(00:00:16) - Update on rainfall across Oklahoma and its impact on winter crops(00:01:04) - Introduction of the team including Dr. Brian Arnall and Dr. Josh Lofton(00:01:43) - Discussion on summer crop harvest and winter crop progress(00:02:10) - Brian shares insights on the recent rain and its effects on wheat(00:03:05) - Observations on soil tests and microbial activity post-rain(00:05:01) - Recommendations for nitrogen application for grazing and grain-only scenarios(00:06:40) - Discussion on the timing of nitrogen applications and its impact on wheat growth(00:08:01) - Comparison of canola and wheat regarding winter applications and tiller management(00:09:37) - Discussion on canola tillers and their impact on yield.(00:10:09) - Brian mentions the challenges canola faces.(00:10:12) - Josh emphasizes the importance of leaf regrowth in canola compared to wheat.(00:10:49) - The difference in bolting times between canola and wheat is highlighted.(00:11:21) - Dave raises a question about insect benefits for plant growth.(00:11:43) - Brian discusses the expected absence of army worms due to cold weather.(00:12:06) - Josh shares insights on the flexibility of wheat planting in Oklahoma.(00:12:31) - The adaptability of crops to local conditions is discussed.(00:13:02) - Brian expresses pride in Josh's presentation on the importance of wheat.(00:13:35) - Josh talks about the stability of wheat compared to other crops.(00:14:03) - The challenges faced by the canola market in Oklahoma are mentioned.(00:14:42) - Dave asks about replant strategies for wheat affected by soil crust.(00:15:56) - Brian advises checking the wheat's emergence through crusts.(00:16:15) - Josh highlights the growing interest in spring-planted oats.(00:17:13) - Introduction of Danny, the new soil and water conservation specialist.(00:18:11) - Danny shares a childhood memory of heavy snow on the ranch.(00:19:04) - Dave recounts a recent trip to Wyoming and the challenges of snow closures.(00:19:08) - Introduction of Josh Lofton, Ph.D. and light banter about chains for vehicles.(00:19:35) - Discussion on Brian Arnall, Ph.D.'s certification as a Certified Crop Advisor (CCA) and its significance.(00:20:12) - Danny Adamson, Ph.D. shares his background growing up on a ranch and his journey into agronomy.(00:21:04) - Danny reflects on his early career experiences in northern Colorado and the realities of agricultural retail.(00:22:16) - Emphasis on the value of obtaining a CCA for building confidence and credibility in the field.(00:23:23) - Danny discusses his transition from a sales role to academia and the importance of research in agriculture.(00:24:40) - Danny highlights his unique perspective on soil health gained from his research experiences.(00:25:39) - The group discusses Danny's podcast voice and the dynamics of their conversation style.(00:26:19) - Danny talks about his new position and the excitement of exploring Oklahoma's diverse agricultural landscape.(00:27:17) - Josh mentions the need for a new direction in the role, referencing the previous position holder's influence.(00:28:26) - Danny expresses enthusiasm for the flexibility of his new role and the importance of producer-driven ideas.(00:29:14) - Discussion on soil health as a growing focus in agriculture and the challenges of quantifying it.(00:29:41) - Brian Arnall asks Danny about his early observations and thoughts on direction after a couple of months on the ground.(00:29:57) - Danny discusses the importance of soil organic matter as a foundational indicator of soil health and shares his experiences with the local environment.(00:30:31) - Danny emphasizes the significance of soil functionality over just building organic matter, noting that management tactics should be tailored regionally.(00:31:16) - Brian explains the distribution of organic matter in soil, highlighting that most is found in the top 2 to 3 inches.(00:32:14) - Josh shares insights from his previous experiences, noting that while organic matter gains are possible, expectations should be adjusted for different regions.(00:33:26) - Brian inquires about Danny's travels, suggesting a sampling trip to the eastern border.(00:34:12) - Brian outlines an upcoming project involving potassium response strips and soil health properties across various locations.(00:35:11) - Danny expresses concerns about the challenges of quantifying soil health and the complexity of correlating various soil parameters.(00:36:33) - Brian discusses the variability in analytical methods for measuring soil properties and the need for more research in this area.(00:37:46) - Josh raises questions about interpreting CO2 flux measurements and their implications for soil health.(00:39:34) - Danny suggests starting with practical tools for producers, emphasizing fundamental ideas of soil health like retaining residue and using cover crops.(00:40:03) - Danny discusses the importance of considering different tillage systems and management options to improve soil health.(00:40:50) - Josh raises questions about the impact of cover crops in cattle-driven systems, particularly in northern Colorado and Wyoming.(00:41:07) - Danny shares his experiences with irrigated sugar beet farming and the challenges of soil disturbance and residue management.(00:41:32) - He highlights the potential benefits of integrating legumes into farming practices to enhance nitrogen availability economically.(00:42:36) - Danny emphasizes that the outcomes of using cover crops may not be as severe as perceived, suggesting it could be worth trying.(00:42:50) - Josh reflects on the skepticism surrounding cover crops and discusses their role in water management and biomass production.(00:44:23) - Dave asks Danny about the similarities he has observed between producers in Oklahoma and those in Wyoming and northern Colorado.(00:45:01) - Danny expresses his appreciation for the focus on cattle in Oklahoma and the importance of integrating livestock into soil management practices.(00:46:08) - Raedan raises concerns about the future of water availability and the role of cattle in sustainable food systems in the High Plains.(00:48:35) - Dave thanks Danny for joining the podcast and invites listeners to engage with the Red Dirt Agronomy community. RedDirtAgronomy.com

Frank speaks with Dr. Chas Schmid from Oregon State University on the evolution of his thinking on organic matter and nutrient management from early days meeting in Nebraska, a stint for Chas Ph.D. at Rutgers University and now as part of the thriving OSU Turfgrass Program. An in-depth discussion of modern-day organic matter management with particular reference to the new 5 yr project underway at OSU investigating cultivation and topdressing on Poa annua greens in the PNW is followed by the same throughline from Rutgers to OSU on nutrient management. If you are looking for a deeper understanding of organic and nutrient management, this is the listen for you.

How can you achieve the right balance of sulfur and nitrogen in your soil? What effect do these two nutrients have on plant nutrition and crop yield? How do sulfur and nitrogen work together in the field?   Tune in to this week's episode as Mike Howell sits down with Senior Agronimist, Dr. Alan Blaylock, to uncover the relationship between sulfur and nitrogen. From achieving balanced nutrition and addressing deficiencies to the latest research in the industry, this episode digs into everything you need to know about sulfur and nitrogen management and growing healthy crops.   Looking for the latest in crop nutrition research? Visit nutrien-ekonomics.com   Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NutrieneKonomics

As you start to pivot from 2024 harvest to 2025 planting, it's time to start thinking about soil fertility. During this episode of the Pioneer Agronomy podcast, to soil test or not to soil test in drought conditions?"I wouldn't delay it. There's the option, but if you're usually sampling after Harvest, do it then. Understand that those results might be skewed a little bit. You could make an argument to wait for more moisture in the ground. But if it's my ground and I have the time to get across the field, I'm going to do it in that weather window. I'm in favor of getting it done," says Pioneer Agronomist Ben Jacob.It's harder to take soil samples when the ground is dry, and some of the numbers could be skewed slightly due to the lack of moisture. If you're going to sample now, podcast host and agronomist Brian Shrader reminds us that soil samples need to be taken at the same depth, even if it's hard to drive the probe to full depth.Find more resources on nutrient management in the soil from Pioneer here: https://www.pioneer.com/us/agronomy-science/topic.nutrientManagement.html     

The Dairy Innovation has been influential in a lot of dairy research and today our focus will be on the SnapPlus Manure Application Realtime Tracker (SMART) mobile manure app. This app helps farmers identify restricted manure hauling areas and help maintain better manure hauling records. Dairy Stream host Joanna Guza and guests Hava Blair of UW-Madison and Jeremy Heim of Heim's Hillcrest Dairy and Heim Brothers Custom walk through the app, opportunities, challenges, data protection and questions from dairy farmers. Joanna, Hava and Jeremy discuss the following topics: Overview of the SMART app Opportunities with the app Challenges How to get support Data protection and access to the maps Compatibility with other apps Future of manure tracking Special thanks to Dairy Farmers of Wisconsin for sponsoring this episode. About the guests: Hava Blair, soil scientist with the SnapPlus team. She received her Ph.D. in Land and Atmospheric Science from the University of Minnesota. She helps lead the SnapPlus team and works on the science behind the SnapPlus software, including soil fertility, erosion, and nutrient loss components. In addition, she develops trainings and educational materials on how to use SnapPlus and related tools.   Jeremy Heim, owner of Heim's Hillcrest Dairy and Heim Brothers Custom in Algoma, Wisconsin. The dairy farm milks 825 cows and runs 1,800 acres. The custom business operates 26,000 acres and assists with crop harvesting, manure transportation and other trucking needs.    Resources: For tech problems and support: support@snapplus.wisc.edu What is the SMART mobile manure app, download information here Guide: Getting started to SMART here Project summary of SMART here SnapPlus3 information UW Nutrient Management Education self-paced program DATCP Nutrient Management Trainings and resources About the Dairy Innovation Hub This podcast is co-produced by the Dairy Business Association and Edge Dairy Farmer Cooperative, sister organizations that fight for effective dairy policy in Wisconsin and Washington, D.C.  Become a sponsor, share an idea or feedback by emailing podcast@dairyforward.com.  Attend Dairy Strong on Jan. 15-16 in Green Bay, Wisconsin to hear from inspiring speakers and experts on policy, sustainability and the future of dairy. This year's event kicks-off with the return of Tailgate on the Tundra at Lambeau, followed by a jammed pack day of breakout sessions, and networking opportunities and concludes with an evening celebrating award winners and DBA's 25th Anniversary! Learn more and register at dairystrong.org.

Tune in to this week's episode of The Dirt as Mike Howell sits down with Dr. John Jones to discuss his new agronomic role at the University of Illinois and his important research in soil fertility and agronomy.   Take a close look at Dr. Jones' areas of research and the agronomic challenges he is helping producers solve. From the relationship between soil properties and nutrient use efficiency to soil acidity and liming recommendations, we dig into the research and trials that Jones is performing to support farmers across the state.   Looking for the latest in crop nutrition research? Visit nutrien-ekonomics.com   Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NutrieneKonomics

The Dairy Streamlet is a condensed version of a long Dairy Stream episode and covers the high-level points of the conversation. If this topic interest you, then listen to the full episode on Oct. 9. Dairy Stream host Joanna Guza and guests Hava Blair of UW-Madison and Jeremy Heim of Heim's Hillcrest Dairy and Heim Brothers Custom discuss the SnapPlus Manure Application Realtime Tracker (SMART) mobile manure app funded by the Dairy Innovation Hub. This app helps farmers identify restricted manure hauling areas and help maintain better manure hauling records. Special thanks to Dairy Farmers of Wisconsin for sponsoring this episode. About the guests: Hava Blair, soil scientist with the SnapPlus team. She received her Ph.D. in Land and Atmospheric Science from the University of Minnesota. She helps lead the SnapPlus team and works on the science behind the SnapPlus software, including soil fertility, erosion, and nutrient loss components. In addition, she develops trainings and educational materials on how to use SnapPlus and related tools.   Jeremy Heim, owner of Heim's Hillcrest Dairy and Heim Brothers Custom in Algoma, Wisconsin. The dairy farm milks 825 cows and runs 1,800 acres. The custom business operates 26,000 acres and assists with crop harvesting, manure transportation and other trucking needs.    Resources: For tech problems and support: support@snapplus.wisc.edu What is the SMART mobile manure app, download information here Guide: Getting started to SMART here Project summary of SMART here SnapPlus3 information UW Nutrient Management Education self-paced program DATCP Nutrient Management Trainings and resources About the Dairy Innovation Hub This podcast is co-produced by the Dairy Business Associationand Edge Dairy Farmer Cooperative, sister organizations that fight for effective dairy policy in Wisconsin and Washington, D.C.  Become a sponsor, share an idea or feedback by emailing podcast@dairyforward.com.  Attend Dairy Strong on Jan. 15-16 in Green Bay, Wisconsin to hear from inspiring speakers and experts on policy, sustainability and the future of dairy. This year's event kicks-off with the return of Tailgate on the Tundra at Lambeau, followed by a jammed pack day of breakout sessions, and networking opportunities and concludes with an evening celebrating award winners and DBA's 25th Anniversary! Learn more and register at dairystrong.org.

North Dakota growers, this episode is for you! This week, Mike Howell sits down with Brady Goettl, the new Assistant Professor of Extension Soil Science with North Dakota State University. From building banks to boosting yields, we uncover expert insights to help North Dakota growers.   Tune in as we discuss navigating nutrient management in North Dakota and the importance of supporting your soil. What research has been done to support North Dakota farmers? What unique challenges does the state face in crop production, and how can we address them? Uncover everything you need to know about nutrient management in North Dakota today.   Looking for the latest in crop nutrition research? Visit nutrien-ekonomics.com   Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NutrieneKonomics

This week, Adam Woods chats about the beef trade, Darren Carty on the growing problems with resistance to dosing and Siobhan Walsh talks to us on straw price. Also, Adam chats to John O'Loughlin from Grassland AGRO on nutrient management. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Like most crops, a strong, high yielding corn crop depends on what nutrients are in the soil. Knowing what is currently in the field is key to deciding how much of what to add in. With corn being a such a big, high-yielding plant, this crop is particularly reliant on a high amount of nitrogen,... Read More

In this episode of AgCredit Said It, host Matt Adams interviews Glen Arnold, a field specialist for manure nutrient management systems at The Ohio State University Extension. Glen discusses his background and how he got into his current position. He explains the importance of manure nutrient management in the agriculture industry and how it can maximize the use of resources. Glen also talks about the key components of effective manure management and common mistakes that farmers make. Glen provides resources and tools available to farmers for manure management and mentions upcoming research projects and events in the field.  Show Notes: https://www.agcredit.net/news/s3-ep-64-nutrient-management Resources mentioned in this episode: Manure Science Review - https://ocamm.osu.edu/events/manure-science-review-2024 Manure Sampling Laboratories  Brookside Labs - https://www.blinc.com/ A&L Great LakesLaboratories - https://algreatlakes.com/ North American Manure Expo - https://www.manureexpo.ca/ Connect with Glen Arnold https://agnr.osu.edu/people/glen-arnold Connect with AgCredit on Facebook, X, and Instagram Share questions and topic ideas with us:  Email podcast@agcredit.net  

Cathal Somers, Teagasc Water Quality Specialist, and Deirdre Glynn, Teagasc ASSAP advisor in Kilkenny, and hosts of the Environment Edge podcast, join Stuart Childs on this week's Dairy Edge to discuss the recently launched Teagasc campaign for water quality, Better Farming for Water. Deirdre first explains where water quality is currently and outlines the years of work that have gone into water quality from the start of the Agricultural Catchments Programme (ACP) back in 2008 to the launch of the ASSAP programme in 2019. The Better Farming for Water campaign is based around 6 pillars: Stakeholder Engagement, Building of Awareness, Upskilling of all involved from students through to industry level, Knowledge transfer through the Teagasc and private advisory service and everyone in between, and Communication to get the messages from the Research Pillar out to where they are needed. Cathal highlights the 8 actions for change in the strategy which are under the three headings of Nutrient Management, Farmyard Management and Land Management with these important for all farmers not just livestock farmers. Cathal and Deirdre also expand as to why these points are believed to be the keys to the kingdom. Many of the solutions are practical and can be easily implemented without cost or with minimal cost. Finally, Deirdre encourages farmers to engage with their advisors to develop a plan to contribute to improving water quality in their region. For more episodes from the Dairy Edge podcast go to the show page at: https://www.teagasc.ie/animals/dairy/the-dairy-edge-podcast/ The Dairy Edge is a co-production with LastCastMedia.com

In this episode of the Yara Crop Nutrition Podcast we talk with citrus growing expert John Martzen and Yara Sales Agronomist, Vanessa Dominguez, about the crucial role of micronutrients in citrus health and productivity. They discuss the importance of regular tissue sampling, the risks of over-applying micronutrients, and emerging technologies in nutrient management. John shares success stories that highlight the positive impact of effective nutrient management on crop yields and quality, offering valuable insights for citrus growers aiming for optimal crop performance. Key Takeaways:   • Micronutrients' Role: Micronutrients are essential for the overall health and productivity of citrus crops, influencing energy cycles and chlorophyll development. • Importance of Tissue Sampling: Regular tissue sampling is vital for understanding the nutrient needs of citrus trees and tailoring nutrition programs accordingly. • Risks of Over-application: Over-applying micronutrients can lead to toxicity and imbalances, while under-applying can cause nutrient deficiencies. • Technological Advancements: New technologies, such as sap analysis and improved nutrient delivery systems, offer more accurate monitoring and management of micronutrient levels. • Success Stories: Real-world examples demonstrate the positive impact of tissue sampling and nutrient management on crop yields and quality.

Hello there!In this episode of The Crop Science Podcast Show, Dr. Bronc Finch from the University of Arkansas shares insights about soil fertility and forage production aspects. He discusses the challenges of potassium deficiency in Arkansas soils and suggests management practices to optimize nutrient application. Dr. Finch also explores using precision agriculture technologies to enhance forage production efficiency. Tune in to gain valuable insights into improving soil health and crop yields in the crop industry."Arkansas has approximately 6 million acres of what we call forage land, impacting both the economy and the agriculture industry."Meet the guest: Dr. Bronc Finch is a Soil Fertility Extension Specialist at the University of Arkansas, specializing in nutrient management for forages and pastures. He holds a B.S. and an M.S. from West Texas A&M University and a Ph.D. from Oklahoma State University. With a background in teaching, research, and farming, Dr. Finch focuses on improving nutrient management and fertilizer use and offers valuable insights for optimizing crop yields.What you will learn:(00:00) Highlight(01:32) Introduction (04:12) Potassium deficiency issues(09:32) Economic impact of forage production(14:02) Precision agriculture technologies(17:30) Nitrogen-rich strip concept(22:44) Precision technologies adoption(27:01) Final three questionsThe Crop Science Podcast Show is trusted and supported by the innovative companies:- CNH Reman- KWSAre you ready to unleash the podcasting potential of your company?

Here at the Ohio Ag Net, we love to highlight all the amazing things going on in Ohio Agriculture. But sometimes, especially during this hot season, you just have to let off some steam and talk about the frustrating things. Nothing is left unsaid in this year's summer agriculture rant podcast. Hear from Ohio's Country Journal and Ohio Ag Net team members, alongside agriculture industry leaders, as they share their thoughts regarding everything from falling commodity prices to environmentalists' perception of agriculture.  Included in this week's podcast: Hosts Matt Reese and Dusty Sonnenberg chat with Luke Crumley, Director of Public Policy and Nutrient Management for Ohio Corn & Wheat, about his summer ag frustrations.  Dale gets a biodiesel update from Scott Fenwick of the Clean Fuels Alliance. Matt interviews farmer and industry leader Ray Von Horn about the 2024 wheat harvest. Joe Everett, farmer and team member, shares his thoughts on falling commodity prices. Ty Higgins of the Ohio Farm Bureau airs out his frustrations with repetitive attacks on agriculture by anti-agriculture activists.

Nutrient management is one of the most important aspects of growing a profitable crop that remains within a farmer's control.

In this week's podcast, hosts Matt Reese and Dusty Sonnenberg delve into the progress (or lack thereof) of the 2024 Farm Bill as we move closer to the November election. Join them as they speak with Brandon Kern, Director of Public Policy and Issues Analysis for the Ohio Soybean Association, and Luke Crumley, Ohio Corn & Wheat Growers Association Director of Public Policy and Nutrient Management.  Meanwhile, Dale Minyo visits Jennifer Hancock, a teacher whose classroom participated in the ChickQuest Program from GrowNextGen. This educational initiative provides unique, hands-on learning opportunities to students of all backgrounds.

Headstorm: https://headstorm.com/AGPILOT: https://headstorm.com/agpilot/Phospholutions: https://www.phospholutions.com/Sentinel Fertigation: https://www.sentinelfertigation.com/I'm a firm believer that in the U.S. our agricultural research and extension programs at our land grant universities truly are national treasures. But of all the outstanding research that's done at these institutions every year, not enough of it seems to get commercialized. Today we highlight two young entrepreneurs that each began their entrepreneurial journeys at their respective campuses, and are today growing real businesses helping farmers with different aspects of nutrient management. Today, you'll hear from Hunter Swisher, founder and CEO of Phospholutions which initially commercialized research done at Penn State. He does a great job talking about some of the major issues with the status quo when it comes to phosphorous. If you haven't looked into it before it's seriously eye opening. Then we'll move west to Nebraska, where Jackson Stensell formed his company Sentinel Fertigation based on research he was doing as a grad student at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He also focuses on nutrient management but specifically on irrigated crops. Hunter Swisher currently serves as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Phospholutions, Inc., which he founded prior to graduating with his B.S. degree in Plant Sciences from Pennsylvania State University. Phospholutions is a sustainable fertilizer company with the mission of improving global phosphate efficiency. Jackson Stansell is the founder and CEO of Sentinel Fertigation. Sentinel Fertigation leverages satellite imagery and geospatial data to empower precision nutrient management - particularly for nitrogen fertigation. Originally from Dothan, Alabama, Jackson did his undergrad at Harvard where he also played football. He was pursuing a masters degree at Nebraska when he turned the research he was doing into a business and decided to put his PhD on hold to commercialize the technology.

Alfalfa weevil and nutrient management update  - May 29Strategic Farming: Field Notes 2024 Contact information for today's show:Anthony Hanson, Regional Extension Educator, IPM, hans4022@umn.eduBrad Carlson, Extension Educator, Water Resources, bcarlson@umn.eduClaire LaCanne, Extension Educator, Crops, lacanne@umn.eduWe want to thank our sponsors the Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council, along with the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council.Transcripts are auto-transcribed. If you need more accurate transcripts of an episode for ADA purposes, please contact Anthony Hanson - hans4022@umn.edu.

Here are the podcast timestamps with brief descriptions:(00:00:02) Introduction and welcome to the podcast episode(00:00:33) Reminder about the website and introduction of the guests(00:01:02) Introduction of Dr. Brian Arnall(00:01:06) Humorous exchange about gnats and historic sites(00:01:28) Introduction of Dr. Josh Lofton(00:01:51) Brent Rendel introduces himself and the location(00:02:25) Banter about Brent and Zack Rendel's appearances(00:03:08) Discussion of Brent's early involvement with green seeker technology(00:04:03) Mention of the diverse crop rotation at the Rendel farm(00:04:25) Recollection of filming video at the Rendel farm years ago(00:05:59) Importance of on-farm research for the Rendel operation(00:10:19) Reasons why more farmers don't do on-farm research(00:13:03) Discussion about learning from mistakes in on-farm research(00:15:01) Perspective on failing and learning in on-farm research(00:17:17) Potential opportunities with the new government protocols and strip-tilling(00:19:28) Value of field days for growers involved in research(00:22:04) Judging the local community's interest in research through field days(00:24:08) Inquiry about the Rendel family's history of progressive farming(00:26:43) Discussion of the family's mining history in the area(00:27:45) Future directions for on-farm research at the Rendel farm(00:30:22) Potential benefits of autonomous farming with smaller equipment(00:36:51) Neighbors' reactions to the Rendel's on-farm research efforts(00:38:40) Closing remarks and clarification about the Rendel's role in introducing pests(00:40:49) Final thanks and appreciation for the conversation RedDirtAgronomy.com

Listen in as we uncover the essentials of tissue testing for nutrient management in crops such as corn and soybeans. We'll take you through the importance of early and accurate detection of nutrient deficiencies through tissue testing, a key step for successful foliar feeding. By following strategic testing throughout various growth phases, we can pave the way for informed decisions in both current and future cultivation practices. Tune in to this episode to learn how combining tissue and soil testing helps to create the most precise nutrient management strategy that boosts your farm's productivity and profitability.

As of March 25th, citrus growers here in the state of California are able to enroll in a program that could award up to $200,000.

Farmer Jesse is back this week with Kyle Forest-Burns of Burns Blossom Farm, which he runs with his partner Mel, in Chico California. They discuss farming with a debilitating disease, nutrient management, and tips for new farmers. A very cool and wide-ranging talk that we've been waiting to have for several years. If you want to SEE the conversation, along with some pictures that illustrate what they are talking about, head over to the No-Till Growers PODCAST YouTube channel! Folks who support The No-Till Market Garden Podcast... Join Organic Growers School for their Spring Conference in Western North Carolina March 8-10, 2024, with 60+ workshops organized into 13 themed tracks. Plus, I (Jesse Frost) will be there leading half-day workshops. High Mowing Organic Seeds for 100% organic, Non-GMO Project Verified vegetable, flower and herb seeds trialed for optimal performance in organic growing systems. Since 1972 Ohio earth food has been the go to source for the highest performing and most cost effective granular and liquid fertilizers, seed starting soils, foliar sprays and disease and insect controls. Feed your soil and let your soil feed the plants. Visit ohioearthfood.com. ... and, as always, our work is powered by the individual growers who support us every month over at patreon.com/notillgrowers. You can pick up a copy of The Living Soil Handbook if you don't have one already, as well as a No-Till Growers hat or other merch, check out our YouTube channel, and you can ask you questions or share your insights into ecological market gardening on our free growers forum at notillgrowers.community.chat Find Farmer Jesse at these upcoming workshops & conferences... The Rough Draft Workshop Farm Tour Dates & Tickets Grow Riverside & Beyond in CA

I'm Dr. Leonardo Bastos and that's my first episode as a cohost on The Crop Science Podcast Show! Very excited to embark on this journey with you. In this episode, our special guest is Dr. Rishi Prasad, Associate Professor and Extension Specialist in Nutrient Management at Auburn University. With his extensive background in soil and water science, Dr. Prasad explored nutrient management strategies and the efficacy of poultry litter as an organic fertilizer. This episode is an essential listen for anyone engaged in the crop industry, filled with practical recommendations and forward-thinking solutions. Tune in on major platforms for an in-depth exploration into the future of crop science and nutrient management."If you are using litter, the best window of application to get maximum benefit from the litter is 2 to 3 weeks before planting."What you'll learn:(00:00) Highlight(00:58) Introduction(04:58) Managing water and fertilizer(07:21) Transitioning from industry to academic research(10:55) Addressing phosphorus buildup and water quality issues(15:30) Organic fertilizer development from poultry litter(34:42) Incorporating poultry litter into crop management for enhanced sustainability(42:33) Final Three QuestionsMeet the guest: Dr. Rishi Prasad is an Associate Professor and Nutrient Management Extension Specialist at Auburn University and has a career dedicated to sustainable agriculture and nutrient management. With a M.S. in Plant and Soil Science from West Virginia University and a Ph.D. in Soil Science and Agronomy from the University of Florida, his expertise bridges the gap between modern farming challenges and environmental stewardship. Dr. Prasad's work focuses on developing innovative Best Management Practices (BMPs) for nutrient management, using crop-soil systems modeling to enhance yield, reduce environmental impacts, and boost profitability. His dedication to science-based agriculture aims to feed the world sustainably.The Crop Science Podcast Show is trusted and supported by the innovative company:- KWSAre you ready to unleash the podcasting potential of your company? wisenetix.co/custom-podcast

“Precision nitrogen management for improving yield and protein content in wheat” with Dr. Olga Walsh. Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients for crops, which is required in large amounts for crop production and demands precise nutrient management methods due to its highly mobile property in plants and soils and high chances of leaching. Precise nutrient management is also important for improving the yield and quality of grains, minimizing the input, and maximizing the efficiency. Assessing the real-time plant growth, biomass production, and nutrient depletion in the soil using different precision agriculture techniques like drones, remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and other camera-based devices helps optimize nutrient management. In this episode, Dr. Olga Walsh shares her research on precision nitrogen management for yield and protein content estimation on spring wheat and sugar beet by using different hand-held sensors, drones, and remote sensing approaches. Tune in to learn more about ·         What values are best to look for when doing remote sensing in wheat ·         How drones, remote sensing, and camera applications are helping predict biomass and nutrient requirements ·         What yield and protein content was estimated from the sensors tested ·         How hand-held and UAV sensors compare If you would like more information about this topic, this episode's paper is available here:  https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.20309 This paper is always freely available. Contact us at podcast@sciencesocieties.org or on Twitter @FieldLabEarth if you have comments, questions, or suggestions for show topics, and if you want more content like this don't forget to subscribe. If you'd like to see old episodes or sign up for our newsletter, you can do so here: https://fieldlabearth.libsyn.com/. If you would like to reach out to Olga Walsh, you can find her here: oswalsh@vt.edu https://spes.vt.edu/faculty-staff/faculty/walsh_olga.html If you would like to reach out to Ayush Kachrulal Sharma, you can find him here: ayushsharma@ufl.edu Resources CEU Quiz: https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses/Course-Detail?productid=%7b0C58D320-47CB-EE11-9079-000D3A355FD1%7d Transcripts: https://www.rev.com/transcript-editor/shared/-6STl4uhGJ_6rdM6-VHBcgpSzZoxD_pvMZqu-k9mwXKl0cSZPvAyPvz5J4XcoYMjUF3NlRgTD1hYymCEdyPW0CwO2iM?loadFrom=SharedLink  Extension outreach bulletins: Estimation of Wheat Yield and Grain Protein with Handheld and UAV-Mounted Sensors. UI Extension Bulletin 1033: https://www.uidaho.edu/extension/publications/publication-detail?id=bul1033 Nitrogen Management in Field Crops with Reference Strips and Crop Sensors. UI Extension Bulletin 896: https://www.uidaho.edu/extension/publications/publication-detail?id=bul0896 Southern Idaho Soft White Spring Wheat Quick Facts. UI Extension Bulletin 979: https://www.uidaho.edu/extension/publications/publication-detail?id=bul0979 Southern Idaho Hard Spring Wheat Quick Facts. UI Extension Bulletin 986: https://www.uidaho.edu/-/media/UIdaho-Responsive/Files/Extension/topic/cereals/scse/publications/SI-Wheat-Quick-Facts-HSW.pdf Optimum Nitrogen Rates for Wheat Depend on the Environment and Field-Specific Conditions. UI CIS 1028: https://www.uidaho.edu/extension/publications/publication-detail?id=bul1028 School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, Virginia: https://spes.vt.edu/ Thank you to Om Prakash Ghimire for help in assembling show notes and other assets. Field, Lab, Earth is Copyrighted by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.

When it comes to nutrition in your vineyard, you need to know the environment that your vineyard is planted in including mineral nutrition, soil microbes, nitrogen from rainwater, and nutrients or potentially salt from well water. Fritz Westover, Host of the Vineyard Underground Podcast and Founder of Virtual Viticulture Academy shares a big-picture approach to nutrient management that is practical for any grower. He covers: Why it is important to test tissue both at bloom and veraison How to take tissue samples When macro and micronutrient additions are most essential If you are a long time Member of our organization then you probably remember Fritz from his days with Vineyard Team in 2013 and 2014. We are thrilled to have Fritz back on air with us for the third time. Plus, I recently had the pleasure of being a guest on his podcast, Vineyard Underground. Search for episode 034: Why Sustainability Certification Programs for Vineyards Matter – with Beth Vukmanic on your favorite podcast player to listen in. And we have that linked in the show notes. Resources: 1/16/2024 Tailgate | Ag Order 4.0 Update 57: Wet Climate Viticulture 115: Examining Plant Nutrient Mobility with SAP Analysis 155: Sustainable Vineyard Management Across Different Climates 191: CropManage: Improving the Precision of Water and Fertilizer Inputs Fritz Westover Bio Healthy Soils Playlist The Science of Grapevines - Marcus Keller    Vineyard Underground Podcast Vineyard Underground Podcast - 016: Nitrogen Sources and Strategies for Application with Paul Crout Vineyard Underground Podcast - 034: Why Sustainability Certification Programs for Vineyards Matter – with Beth Vukmanic Virtual Viticulture Academy Vineyard Team Programs: Juan Nevarez Memorial Scholarship - Donate SIP Certified – Show your care for the people and planet   Sustainable Ag Expo – The premiere winegrowing event of the year Sustainable Winegrowing On-Demand (Western SARE) – Learn at your own pace Vineyard Team – Become a Member Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.   Transcript Craig Macmillan  0:00  Our guest today is Fritz Westover. He is a Viticulturist, who works around the United States. Especically the the south east and he is the host of the Vineyard Underground podcast, and also the founder of the Virtual Viticulture Academy. And today we're gonna talk about nutrient management. Thanks for being on the show.   Fritz Westover  0:20  Hey, Craig, how you doing today? Good to talk to you and to see you because I get to see you on video while we make this recording.   Craig Macmillan  0:27  You're back. This is another episode for you. Right?   Fritz Westover  0:29  This will be episode number three with Sustainable Winegrowing. So I love coming back. And you know, as you know, I worked with then Vineayrd Team back in 2013, and 14. So, of course, I love what you guys are doing and fully support it.   Craig Macmillan  0:42  Fantastic. So injury management in vineyards is today's topic. Can you give us a definition of what that means and why it's important?   Fritz Westover  0:51   Yeah, and I'm not going to give you the textbook version though, as you know, Craig, I'm going to talk from just how I view it and how I see my growers viewing it that.   Craig Macmillan  0:58  From the heart is that yeah,   Fritz Westover  1:00  I speak about nutrient management from the heart here. In terms of vineyards, you know, we want to see our vines grow healthy. When you plant to vine in the ground, there's certain things in the soil, there's mineral nutrition, there's microbes that cycle nutrients in the soil. So you have kind of a baseline there, you can add things to it. But you have to know what's in the soil. First, we have rain that falls from the sky, hopefully, and hopefully when it needs to, and that has certain mineral nutrient content and nitrogen, things like that people don't count that sometimes nothing will make a plant or like and rainwater. And then if you're pumping water through well, there's different ions, caverns and ions that are in that water, whether it be something that's good, like nitrogen, or magnesium or potassium or something that's not good, like a salt, in large amounts. So there's there's things coming out of the pumping out of the ground on a property that go to vineyard. And then you know, there's things that we put as inputs through a spray program or fertilization program. But before you do that, if you're going to manage the nutrition in your vineyard, you need to know what the content is what where the nutrients are coming from, how the vines take them up. Are you irrigating? Or is it a dry farmed vineyard, and that will determine how much of that nutrition is available to the vine, right, because you can have nutrition in the soil. But during a drought, if the roots aren't actively growing, or if they're pulling away from the soil, they're just not taking it in. It's a very dynamic thing. Management is really just knowing how to read your plants, how to read the environmental conditions, and knowing what you have there and what your inputs are contributing in terms of mineral nutrition to your system as a whole.   Craig Macmillan  2:31  What are some of the considerations then, that growers need to take into account when they're designing the fertilization program? Have you talked about where things come from? You've talked about what you need to look at. But how do you go about it.   Fritz Westover  2:43  I work with several growers all around the southeastern United States and in other states as well through my online academy. So I really get to see a large profile of soil reports, plant tissue reports. And there's certain benchmark measurements we can take in the vineyard that can help us to understand how vines are taking up nutrients. So we can look at a soil test. And we can determine what nutrients are available, we can look at the pH and that will determine the different availability of certain nutrients. We can also take into account the plant tissue samples that we should be doing in the vineyard, whether it's a tissue analysis from a petal, a leaf blade, a whole leaf with petiole attached, which is what I'm using currently, there's more and more interest in SAP analysis. So there's all these different methods of looking at nutrition within an actively growing plant. It gives you the snapshot at best during a certain time of the season. And those are benchmarks. So we're looking at the plants to see kind of what's being taken up from the soil and from the environment and from the water that's being either falling from the sky or going through the irrigation. My best analogy for grape grower would be the VSP probably the most common training system is the VSP so you have the that's vertical sheet positioning, but I use it and say the visual, we look at the soil for moisture, we look at the plants for any signs of higher low vigor to determine usually, if nitrogen is needed in greater quantities, or for certainly for any nutritional deficiencies that show up visually on leaves like magnesium or potassium deficiency, things like that. We know what those symptoms look like, we can look them up easily. And then the P would be the plant tissue test. So I always think of the soil is kind of the bank account of what nutrients are available. And then the tissue test is telling you if your plant is making that ATM withdrawals, so to speak from the soil. And then the visual really just validates if everything is really working as well as that plant tissue test says because I don't know about you, Craig, but I've looked at plant tissue tests that say everything is within the normal range of nutrients, but the plant is stunted. And it could see that the concentration of the nutrients is good in that plant, but the quantity is limiting the growth and production of that vine and it's going to limit the yields in that case. Those are the considerations I look into but there's one one more thing that there are some rules of thumb, what we're taking out of the system. When we ship our grapes out of the vineyard into the winery, whether it's your winery or winery across the state somewhere across the country that is removing nutrients. So you're literally mining your soil and your environment for nutrients, you're putting them into a truck, you're moving them with the fruit, and then they're being made into bottles of wine and someone's drinking those nutrients and they don't get back into the vineyard, if that's what's happening. So, when creating a nutritional budget, a lot of growers will account for the tonnage or whatever measurement of fruit is removed. And there are some tables available. I know Dr. Marcus Keller of Washington State University, in his book on the science of grapevines publishes some of those, but the example would be an average of four pounds of nitrogen. For every tonne of fruit removed from the vineyard, if you do four tons an acre, that's about 16 pounds of nitrogen. So we start to think in these terms of, okay, I just removed 16 pounds with that four ton per acre crop. This is an example of course of an average number, it's really not that simple, because the soil might have three or 4% organic matter in it. And we know from every 1% of organic matter, we're getting x units of nitrogen that are developed and processed within the soil system itself. And so if your organic matter is high enough, you may actually generate enough nitrogen in the soil to replace the nitrogen that was moved out of the vineyard. And this is why growers might go year in and year out without applying some fertilizer, even though they're moving it out of the vineyard in the fruit.   You got a good healthy soil web happening there, you got the relationships that you want, and you're cycling stuff. And so the impact of that removal is less. Yeah, yeah, absolutely. And cover cropping and whatnot.   Soil conditions, too. I mean, if the soil is dry in a drought condition, it's not really you're not gonna have a lot of activity, or if it's really hot, because it's been cleaned, cultivated. And you know, how does that affect the microbes that can then cycle those nutrients and convert organic matter into nitrogen and other other mineral nutrients?   Craig Macmillan  7:05  I want to touch on something, something regarded this and that's timing. So like at the grade school science version that we learn is there's a plant, and it grows and things come up. And there's a plant. Yeah, and grapevines don't work that way. There's certain things that they'll take up at certain times of year, they need to have water, moving through the plant, different nutrients are important at different times of year. What do you recommend? What do you how do you manage that?   Fritz Westover  7:34  Yeah. So you know, when I do a presentation on grapevine nutrition, there's this one slide that I go to from a study in Germany, and where they basically took plants apart at different times of the phenological steps throughout the year, whether pre bloom bloom, fruit set, version, and harvest, and they looked at the total mineral content of these nutrients. And they use that to determine what the demand of those nutrients were at different stages. And so what we see is that nitrogen and potassium sort of follow the same curve, where as you get into bloom, there's a spike in demand for nitrogen and potassium. And then after fruit set, it goes down a little, and then the roller coaster ride goes back up, and the demand goes back up in your veraison as your ripening fruit, you need more nitrogen, potassium, things like that. It's all part of the sugar production system. And then you look at also the quantities you know, nitrogen and potassium, are by far the macronutrients that are needed the most, and then something like magnesium. And we do see a lot of magnesium deficiency, east of the Rockies at many sites, it's needed, but not until after fruit set, really, that's where the bumps starts. So the bumps gonna start afterwards. And it's going to kind of gradually go up and down and up again towards veraison But the amount is not as, let's say the quantity that's needed is not as great as something like potassium. And you could do that for each nutrient and look at it to me that that triggers the kind of the benchmark of when we have to start applying fertilizer. And so the interesting thing about that is if I've got a vineyard, where we can put everything through the drip, irrigation and fertigation, we can wait until either right before the time of highest demand, or right at the time, and we can just slug it through the drip, right. If you don't have irrigation, you might be able to do foliar application, but that's not going to get a lot of nutrients into the vine like it will if you put it into the root system. So you'll you'll hear and I know we're going to discuss this as well, because we discussed it earlier that you know, dry farmed vineyards or vineyards in areas where it rains and they don't have irrigation, have to plan a little bit farther ahead. Because if you're going to put something like magnesium out or potassium, it needs to be worked into the soil with a rain event if you don't have to ration or cultivated in in some cases. So you can't wait until that perfect window. You've got to get it out ahead of time so that it makes its way down to the roots and it's available for uptake at that critical window that I was referring to before in the phenol logical stages.   Craig Macmillan  9:56  Can I wait till I see a forecast that there's a storm coming and then get my material out? Or do I put it up earlier than then just kind of hope that it rains? I mean, how much time do I have?   Fritz Westover  10:08  Yeah, that's a really great question to Craig. And so you don't want to answer every question with it depends, right? So you've got to get some concrete information for a grower to actually follow. So then you start thinking about...   Craig Macmillan  10:19  There's nothing wrong with it depends.   Fritz Westover  10:21  It's okay, as long as you follow up with, but this is what I would do, right. And that's what I like to say. So this is what I would do if nitrogen was the nutrient in question, if you put out especially an ammonia, nitrogen, something like that on the ground or something that is not bound up, like if compost, you have a more stable form of nitrogen that's in organic matter, if you have something like ammonium, it might be readily evaporated, or it's going to it's going to volatilize, and you'll lose it to the atmosphere. So you definitely want to get that out as soon as you can, right before the rain. So the rain can immediately move that nutrient into the soil. And that will secure it, so to speak, and stop the volatilization from occurring. If it's something like magnesium, really not as volatile, right. Or if it's something like phosphorus, or if you're putting out calcium in the form of lime, or gypsum, there's not going to be a lot of volatility. So you can put those types of products out farther ahead of the rain, and hope that the rain will eventually come and work them in. So I guess in that matter, depends on what you're applying. And you can, you can decide based on that, if you want to trust that forecast or not.   Craig Macmillan  11:28  You know, I just started something, I interviewed somebody else recently, and they were working with underlying vegetation issues. It was fascinating to me because of the work that they were doing in there not necessarily chemical burn down, not necessarily inrow cultivation in the comment was it rains enough here that I can do whatever I want. But there's going to be plants growing there two days later, in your experience in parts of the country. And I would love to have some, you know, compare and contrast here. What do I need to do in terms of preparing that area, you know, around the root system, because I'm trying to get top to bottom right down to get in there. And then also, you mentioned system wide things. And so what do I need to do there to make that work?   Fritz Westover  12:12  Let's cover the system wide. First, when I talk about system wide or make creating these, quote unquote, sea changes in the soil, you're not going to make a sea change the soil is the soil. It's got its own living breathing organisms in it. But let's say you were chronically deficient in calcium, or magnesium, right? We'll use those as two good examples. If you apply your calcium, whether it's lime, or magnesium in the form of dolomitic, lime, which is calcium with 10%, magnesium, great way to put magnesium and calcium in the soil to acidifying your soil like you would with a magnesium sulfate. Or if you're putting out a magnesium sulfate in a high pH, soil, anything that you're trying to put out to change the plant uptake. So let's say really high potassium uptake in your plant is undesirable to you for some reason, and you're getting magnesium deficiency. As a result, if we only put that magnesium or that calcium right at the base of the vine, you can only really change the the cation exchange or the base saturation of those cations right in that small area. And that's important because it's a major area of uptake. And this is something a lot of growers don't think about, even when you're dripping something through a system that biggest area of uptake is near the crown of the vine at the base of the root system. And feeder roots will take up stuff too. But that's where if you're going to put a one time slug, you know, it's got to be within 18 inches or so the trunk, but you still have roots, especially on older vines that are moving out into the row middles. Over the years, they get into the row middles. And so they're still getting access to that perhaps high level of potassium in that bass saturation or that cation exchange out there. So they can still kind of pull that up. So if you want to create a wider change and impacts the system as a whole, you're better off applying that product as a broadcast into the middle and under the vines. I have done that with magnesium when we're trying to compete with potassium, because we see magnesium magnesium deficiency, or also if we're aligning soil. So in eastern states, we have acid soil, parts of Maryland, Virginia, Pennsylvania, where I've worked, even in East Texas or north of that in Arkansas, depending on where you're at. You run into these acid soils, and we're talking like 4.5 ph. Yeah, so it is or like wine, right? Yeah, yeah. So we know that nutrients are not as available many nutrients like phosphorus is deficient boron, other cations are not as available. Due to that high hydrogen ion competition. We're going to add lime. Hopefully before the vineyard is planted. You do that before but I often go back and add maintenance applications of lime over the years as well within the vineyard system, and we do that over the whole field. We don't just do that in the rows where we're planting vines, because we want the vines to be encouraged to explore the soil and to mine, if you will, for nutrients outside of that immediate crown zone near the vine. Because eventually that will be depleted, your vines are going to keep growing and searching for these nutrients. So by doing a broadcast application, you create a soil that not only is more amendable, for roots to grow in, because acid soils are actually toxic to root tips that you get a high amount of available aluminum at 4.5 ph. And that will stop a root tip from growing. So if you want your roots to grow and expand, you don't want any chemical barriers, you don't want any physical barriers like compaction, you put something like that out before planting. So in Georgia where I work, very acidic soils, we will put out something around six tons per acre of the dolomitic lime before we plant some of the sites and then within two years, we're coming back with as much as two times per acre, because we're trying to to over time, bring that soil into maybe a 6.0 or 6.5 pH so that nutrients are just more available, so that we don't have to fertilize as much we don't have to put inputs into the soil. Right? We don't want to do that we don't have to cost money, and it could have environmental impacts.   Craig Macmillan  16:12  While we're still on this, this area, you got pre planned, are you recommending that we shank materials in? Or are we incorporated in a disking pass? And then over time that moves down in? And then also, if I've got an established vineyard to incorporate these materials? Or to get these materials there? I mean, do I need to do a cultivation pass and then do a broadcast and then cultivate again to stir it in?   Fritz Westover  16:39  Yeah, so these are all different methods that are used Craig and any grower out there who's developing a vineyard site in the near future or has done it recently, you'll hear conflicting opinions on the best way to do it. But what I like to do is break it down to how did the nutrients move in the soil environment? And how do I put them by the root where they're needed, and make sure they're not going to get washed away right away? So yes, if I'm starting a new site, we're going to look at the soil, we're going to determine what our amendments are going to be, let's say that the vineyard soil is low in phosphorus and need some line that to change the pH but also to increase calcium. And let's say it's a little bit low on potassium as well. Okay. So in that instance, if you just stir the soil up and put the lime in and fix the pH, that would be wonderful, because you've already made nutrient availability, so much better for that for the uptake of that plant root system. So that's good. That's the first step. But if then you go in and plant the vines, and you say, well, we needed phosphorus and potassium. And I know that new plants need nitrogen, so I'm going to take like a triple 10, or a triple 13, that's nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium at 10 to 13%. And I'm just gonna sprinkle three ounces around the vine. Well, how did those nutrients move down into the soil? Well, the first time it rains, or you irrigate, and it touches those granules, the first thing that moves down quickly through the soil, what we call the mass flow is the nitrogen. And so that's going to be immediately available. So the vines is gonna pick up nitrogen, it's gonna say, let's go, let's grow. The next level of infiltration would be the potassium, we know that potassium is somewhat moderately mobile in the mass flow, but it doesn't move as fast as the nitrogen. So with enough rainfall and frequent rainfall or irrigation, it could move down gradually and get to the root system, that phosphorus on the other hand, it's just going to sit there on the surface like a rock. And it might take years for it really to move effectively. And so if you know your, your soil needs something like phosphorus, and potassium, you might add the phosphorus, whatever form phosphorus, you're using rock phosphate, if you're organic, or PTO five or some, put that on the on the surface, and you amend it with the lime to get it down deep to where the roots are going to be planted to. So maybe it's 15 inches, for an example 30 centimeters, that's all they're ready for the roots. And then later, you can come in and topdress something like potassium, for your final cultivation, just to work it into the topsoil. So it's, it's at a better stage, and I'm giving you an ideal scenario, obviously. And then the nitrogen, you could go ahead and top dress later, or put your drip system or let the rain work it in right before the rain like we talked about with that nitrogen. And that way you're getting things right at the root where it's needed. And you're not doing it in phases where it gets nitrogen grows a lot and then doesn't have enough other stuff like potassium, magnesium or micronutrients to keep up with that growth. And that's where you see these deficiencies starting to set in.   Craig Macmillan  19:26  Actually, that's a great kind of transition. You know, we talked about VSP and I think we do a lot of folks relies primarily upon visual and it's not simply the, you know, the tiger stripes in the leaf and that kind of a thing or the yellowing, but they're looking at how the crop set they're looking at when the sheets tipped start to quit. Because yeah, that's driven by water, but it's driven by by other resources to that kind of thing. Yeah. What can I do to quantify that? And how can I be kind of forward looking? I mean, you talked about removal. is a materials with harvest? So I know I'm I want to order some stuff, you know, but it's a long term kind of project.   Fritz Westover  20:07  Yeah, it is. It is.   Craig Macmillan  20:08  I mean, you walk vineyards with people, obviously. But then also you mentioned you see all these reports of it? What kinds of reports? Do you want to see what time of year? How do you put all that together?   Fritz Westover  20:19  Right. The visual is really important. And the only risky run there is some of these nutrients don't show visually until it's too late. A lot of our micronutrients are really important, as you know, Craig, for fruit set, and pollination, and fertilization rather, boron, zinc, molendinum, copper, all these things. So if you do your plant tissue test at bloom, which is the first time you would do it during the season, it you're already in bloom. So you're late to add that micronutrient, right. So then some growers will say, Well, I'm just going to put up this prophylactic kind of micronutrients, spray two or three weeks before bloom just to make sure they have what they need. And you can do that. But do you really need to. So I really rely on taking the bloom sample, because it is kind of like your progress report. It tells you, you know, how you're doing for the season. And you know, are you destined for an A plus a B minus by the time you get to the end of the season, because you still have a chance to get things in gear and improve your grade, right. So that bloom time sample of what I do is whole leaf sample with blade and petiole attached, some people just do petioles, separate the petiole and the blade, I've had very good success and consistent results with blade and petiole attached. I also, when I have an issue where there's, you know, maybe we're doing intensive fertilization, or I've got a deficiency, I might sometimes separate the petiole from the whole leaf. And that way, I can look at both reports and have two numbers to kind of look at instead of one. But the ranges are different for a blade versus petioles. So you definitely want to look at those. And I tell my growers to just go to my website, and you can download the, the standards there and look at them, because you don't need a consultant to just see what's out of balance, you can look at a table, I do that at bloom, and that gives me the report card. But the second time I do it is that version. And that's your report card for the season, so to speak. So by the time you get to version, you're at entering your maximum stress time, if you take the plant tissue sample too far after version, a lot of the nutrients have moved into the fruit. And the tissue sometimes is already suffering from the seasonal wear and tear. So it can give you these false ideas that you're really low and then you put out too much fertilizer. At bloom, we take a leaf next to a inflorescence or flower, because that is a representative leaf. And then at version, we go about seven leaves down from a shoot tip that has not been hedged or altered. And that is what's considered a representative leaf at that stage of growth. And that's the report card. Now the report card is really important. And I tell my growers if you can only afford or have time to do one sample, do the one version and get the final report card because that's the one that we then use for the next season to say okay, boron was a little low zinc was a little low. So we're going to find some boron and zinc to put into the system either through the drip or through a foliar spray before bloom, to make sure that we don't have issues with fruit set. So that's how we use that if we wait for bloom, it's a little late to make the change. So getting those two phases is really key for me. And then of course, like you said, being in the vineyard observing growth, looking for signs of deficiency, some things do show, you can clearly see nitrogen as pale leaves. Boron is actually important for nitrogen assimilation. So you could have what you think is adequate boron or nitrogen in your program. But if boron is missing, you might not get the assimilation and the you know, the proper use of the boron, or the nitrogen rather within the vines. So there's, you know, things to look for, to give you clues as well. So when I see something visual, sometimes magnesium deficiency can look a lot like potassium deficiency, it's on the order of interveinal, the potassium tends to be more beginning around the margin or outside edge of the leaf. So I always tell my growers, let's send in a sample, it's like 20 bucks, right? Let's just verify it with a lab report before we put the wrong thing down and make the problem way worse, right.   Craig Macmillan  24:10  When we're doing this, what are some of the most difficult decisions, some of the biggest obstacles to being successful here? And I'm talking about everything in terms of like you're getting good information, getting picking the right to formulations or the right products, the right individual minerals, and then getting into the plan. Are there regional differences that you've seen? Or are there kind of obstacles that everybody kind of faces?   Fritz Westover  24:37  There's definitely regional issues. You know, I can say that across the board. And this state over here, like I'll say, Georgia, we see magnesium and boron and nitrogen are our three biggest deficiencies consistently in those soils. You go to California, and certain areas where I work there we'd see it's either nitrogen or potassium that are low and sometimes zinc. And then if I go to the high planes in Texas, it's usually nitrogen and zinc, are my lowest. And sometimes, and then I go to the hill country of Texas, where it's cacareous soil. And we see that iron deficiency becomes an issue because it's just that high pH really ties it up, growers will sometimes put a lot of zinc down in the soil, but then we have to be mindful of the competition of certain nutrients with each other, because too much zinc can compete with phosphorus for uptake and vice versa. And then, as I mentioned already before, the pH of the soil varies greatly from one region to the next. And that's why getting the amendments and getting the soil in a pH that's, you know, ideally at that 6.5, for greens, right? That's kind of like, you know, you're good. From seven,   Craig Macmillan  25:40  Have you ever receive a site that was like, exactly 6.5.   Fritz Westover  25:45  I have I have because I've looked at it for their soil reports, I've seen a few but no, usually we're saying we need to add a little or, you know, seven is fine, we can deal with it, we'll put a different rootstock that's better under you know, calcareous soil. You know, I didn't mention that and really emphasize that enough, I talked about plant tissue sampling, and visual evaluation, I don't do soil sampling annually with most of my vineyards, because their soils just aren't changing that much, unless they're really doing heavy amendments of something that that sea change, they're trying to go for it. So we'll do this about once every three years, and just compare them. And so I think the most important thing any grower can do, and this is how I work with it with kind of my long term growers I've been with for 10 years, you know, we have a soil sample every three years. So we can compare what the trend is, over those years, if we see potassium is going down. Well, we know that's one of the greatest Nutrients taken out of the system of the soil with fruit that's much higher than nitrogen much, much, much higher than magnesium or phosphorus. So you're literally mining your soil for potassium, well, I have sites where we have high potassium, and we're trying to get more magnesium in there. So I almost never put potassium back in the soil, I'm happily mining it out of the soil. And that's going to be totally different than maybe a vineyard in California where potassium availability is just not as good or as high. We're kind of looking at it that way. And same thing with plant tissue test, you can really see sometimes more volatile fluctuation in plant tissue tests from year to year. And that's where you have to start asking the question, okay, how much rainfall did we have? Was there good soil moisture, I've run into problems where irrigated vineyards, we hit a drought, and you have normally rained during the season, like let's say, in West Texas, or parts of Arizona, where I work, there's rainfall during the monsoon season. So you go into the winter with a soil profile that's nice and full. And then in the spring, you come out and you really have full access to the whole mineral nutrient profile of the soil and the roots grow throughout the whole soil, then all of a sudden, you have a drought for year two. And this has happened in my West Texas growers, areas where those roots that are in the row, middle, all of a sudden are not able to pull up anything from the soil. So they're shrinking. And as they shrink, they pull away from the soil as a strategy to minimize water loss. And so you're not getting the nutrients that are available out there. So we have to consider that and sometimes increase our fertilizer levels based on the fact that we're losing access to the soil nutrients. And the best way to do that is to take the plant tissue test, and find out if that's really happening, but the plant tissue test can fluctuate. And I guess my point is understanding how the environmental conditions right in and around are leading up to that plant tissue test. really affected nutrient content is important. So we don't have that. Like I'll say it again, that knee jerk reaction like oh my gosh, nitrogen is low, let's put 50 pounds per acre out which is you know, ridiculously high. Yeah, maybe just needs to rain or you need to irrigate more, and that will fix the problem.   Craig Macmillan  28:41  Yeah, what is one thing, the one thing that you would tell growers on this topic, one piece of advice or insight or anything.   Fritz Westover  28:50  In addition to doing your soil sampling every few years, and your plant tissue tissue every year at bloom at veraison and some growers may even do it more often or some growers may prefer to do SAP analysis on a more frequent basis. That's all good and well. Just do it at your regular intervals, and get your long term data so you can see trends and changes. Then take some time to really understand number one, as we mentioned before, with the demand of the plant for each nutrient, okay, when is nitrogen, potassium versus magnesium or other micronutrients? When are they most essential for uptake into the vine? And how could you put them into the ground or into the system or onto the foliage in a method that is going to get that nutrient to the vine in time for its high demand, you need to know that vine needs it, because if it doesn't need it, you don't need to put it in there. And then finally understand how the nutrients move within the soil. That was the other thing we covered. So I had a great podcast on the vineyard underground with Paul Crout who works in the Central Coast a good friend of mine, he's worked with video team to Episode 16 We did a deep dive into Vine nutrition and availability in different forms of nitrogen and how some are immediately available and some are more slow release available. So I won't get into all that now. But understanding the availability of that fertilizer formulation that you're using is really critical. Because that's going to tell you not not only when you're going to apply it, how far ahead of the demand for the vine, but what method you're going to use to apply it. Will it be better off put into drip, apply to the soil? Or maybe as a foliar application.   Craig Macmillan  30:25  Where can people find out more about you?   Fritz Westover  30:27  Ok me? Oh, thanks, Craig.   Craig Macmillan  30:29  Oh, little Oh, me. Oh, me.   Fritz Westover  30:31  Well, you can find me chatting like I am with you on the Vineyard Underground podcast, the vineyardundergroundpodcast.com Or just look for that, wherever you stream podcast on Spotify or for Apple podcast, or if you would like to download some of the past presentations I've done on nutrition management, or the charts to determine the critical levels for nutrients have many of those that are free and available to the public go to virtualviticultureacademy.com The academy is where I teach grape growing and have a membership in there where I advise growers on a week to week basis.   Craig Macmillan  31:05  That's awesome. Our guest today has been Fritz Westover. He is a viticulturist. He's the host of the vineyard underground podcast. He's also the founder of a really great resource. You definitely need to know about this. If you're a grower, and that's the Virtual Viticulture Academy. He's not kidding, a lot of resources there and really good quality resources as well. So thanks for being on the podcast.   Fritz Westover  31:27  Hey, thanks, Craig. You guys are an amazing resource to the industry to and you have tons of free and available information. Keep doing the great things that you're doing. I'm a listener, so I'm a fan. It's really privileged to be on here my friend.   Nearly perfect transcription by https://otter.ai

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