Long may she reign

Wetamoo is often unknown to most people in American history, probably because she was around just after the far more famous Pocahontas. Weetamoo grew up knowing she would lead her tribe, but English settlers were making the world a much more dangerous place, bringing sickness and war, causing her to go head to head with them at the head of an army. come and learn about the most famous warrior and leader you probably haven't heard of!This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code AYDEN for 15% off your entire purchase. BibliographyBalasa, Josh. “Life Story: Weetamoo (ca. 1635-40 – ca. 1676).” Women & the American Story, October 17, 2018. https://wams.nyhistory.org/early-encounters/english-colonies/weetamoo/.Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Corbitant.” Wikipedia, April 10, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbitant.———. “Wampanoag.” Wikipedia, February 5, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wampanoag#Culture.———. “Wampanoag.” Wikipedia, February 5, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wampanoag#Culture.———. “Wamsutta.” Wikipedia, April 2, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wamsutta.———. “Weetamoo.” Wikipedia, March 20, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weetamoo.“HERStory.” Accessed April 4, 2025. ht ps://malegislature.gov/StateHouse/HERStory.Mark, Joshua J. “Weetamoo.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed April 4, 2025. https://www.worldhistory.org/Weetamoo/.Native Americans. “Weetamoo - Native-Americans.Org,” August 30, 2018. https://www.native-americans.org/weetamoo/.Silveira, Nathan. “Weetamoo - Lighting the Way, Historic Women of the SouthCoast.” Lighting the Way, Historic Women of the SouthCoast - Profiles of Women of the SouthCoast, March 28, 2024. https://historicwomensouthcoast.org/weetamoo/.

Mary Boleyn was Anne Boleyn's elder sister, and while she didn't lose her head, she still had a hell of a life. As the eldest daughter of a rising family in the Tudor court, she was expected to keep her head down, marry well and advance her family, but much like her sister, she took her own path in life, and it led to scandal. Hear her story on today's episode.This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewellery. Use code: AYDEN for 15% offBibliographyBevan, Richard. “Anne's Sister: 10 Facts About Mary Boleyn.” History Hit. Accessed February 20, 2025. https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-mary-boleyn/.Claire. “The Anne Boleyn Files.” The Anne Boleyn Files, August 26, 2011. https://www.theanneboleynfiles.com/bios/tudor-characters-competition/mary-boleyn-by-karissa-baker/.Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire.” Wikipedia, February 19, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Boleyn,_Countess_of_Wiltshire.———. “Mary Boleyn.” Wikipedia, February 20, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Boleyn.———. “Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire.” Wikipedia, February 19, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Boleyn,_1st_Earl_of_Wiltshire.———. “William Carey (Courtier).” Wikipedia, February 4, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Carey_(courtier).———. “William Stafford (Courtier).” Wikipedia, January 13, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Stafford_(courtier).Dunn, Wendy J. “The Final Mystery of Mary Boleyn.” The Hist Fic Company (blog), March 10, 2023. https://www.thehistoricalfictioncompany.com/post/the-final-mystery-of-mary-boleyn?srsltid=AfmBOopLQlnDKiy4ZULxLDrs1x_1cy61k4KPalyHCEIk6oOmHW2EsN22.History... the interesting bits! “Mary Boleyn – History… the Interesting Bits!” Accessed February 20, 2025. https://historytheinterestingbits.com/tag/mary-boleyn/.ryangibson. “Mary Boleyn: Biography, Portrait, Facts & Information.” cldyson, January 31, 2015. https://englishhistory.net/tudor/citizens/mary-boleyn/.

Agrippina the Elder was the imperial princess of Rome who did everything right. She married who she was told, keeping her family line going and effortlessly maintaining her family's perfect image. However, Roman politics are tough, and not even she could outmaneuver betrayal and bloodshed. Join me on this episode to learn about the infamous grandaughter of Augustus. This podcast is sponserd by Common Era Jewlery. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire purchuse. BibliographyBerlin, Ursa Major Design. “Agrippina the Elder.” My Favourite Planet People. Accessed January 20, 2025. http://www.my-favourite-planet.de/english/people/a1/agrippina-major.html.Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Agrippina the Elder.” Wikipedia, January 4, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrippina_the_Elder.———. “Germanicus.” Wikipedia, January 10, 2025. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanicus#Illness_and_death.Naples, Mary. “Agrippina the Elder: The Woman Who Would Be Empress.” Femmina Classica, June 12, 2020. https://femminaclassica.com/agrippina-the-elder-the-woman-who-would-be-empress/.primeo. “Agrippina the Elder (14 BC-AD 33), Granddaughter of Augustus.” Totally History, May 20, 2022. https://totallyhistory.com/agrippina-the-elder/.Adams, Geoff W. (2007), The Roman Emperor Gaius "Caligula" and His Hellenistic Aspirations, BrownWalker Press,Dando-Collins, Stephen (2008), Blood of the Caesars: How the Murder of Germanicus Led to the Fall of Rome, WileyHawley, Richard; Levick, Barbara (2002), Women in Antiquity: New Assessments, Routledge“Agrippina the Elder” by Queens Podcast on Spotify. Salisbury, Joyce E. (2001), Women in the ancient world, ABC-CLIO

Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, is often not given her due credit for how influential she was in the crushing of the Viking Age. Æthelflæd was raised by Alfred the Great, who would have been a fine model for her future leadership. When she married the Lord of Mercia, she showed she was her father's daughter by teaming up with her brother to drive Vikings from England, and securely handing her throne down to her daughter. Come and learn about the badass Lady of the Mericans on this episode of the pod.This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire purchase. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Ælfwynn.” Wikipedia, July 18, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86lfwynn.———. “Æthelflæd.” Wikipedia, November 27, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86thelfl%C3%A6d#Family.———. “Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians.” Wikipedia, August 5, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86thelred,_Lord_of_the_Mercians#Early_rule.———. “Alfred the Great.” Wikipedia, December 14, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_the_Great.———. “Ealhswith.” Wikipedia, October 26, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ealhswith.Historic UK. “Æthelflæd (Aethelflaed), Lady of the Mercians,” October 29, 2016. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Aethelflaed-Lady-of-the-Mercians/.History... the interesting bits! “Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians,” June 12, 2018. https://historytheinterestingbits.com/2018/06/12/aethelflaed-lady-of-the-mercians/.LSS. “Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians.” The British Monarchy (blog), June 12, 2021. https://www.thebritishmonarchy.co.uk/post/%C3%A6thelfl%C3%A6d-lady-of-the-mercians.Mark, Joshua J. “Aethelflaed, Lady of the Mercians Timeline.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed December 16, 2024. https://www.worldhistory.org/timeline/Aethelflaed,_Lady_of_the_Mercians/.Ramirez, Dr Janina. “Aethelflaed, Lady of the Mercians: The Warrior Queen Who Crushed the Vikings.” HistoryExtra, March 11, 2022. https://www.historyextra.com/period/anglo-saxon/aethelflaed-aethelflaed-woman-who-vikings-anglo-saxon-england/.The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Aethelflaed.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aethelflaed.The History Press. “Aethelflaed, Lady of the Mercians Timeline,” May 3, 2018. https://thehistorypress.co.uk/article/aethelflaed-lady-of-the-mercians-timeline/.

Olga of Kyiv started out life as an obscure Rus noblewoman until she was thrust onto the centre stage by marrying the most powerful man in Eastern Europe. Soon enough, she was faced with a crisis when that man died, and she was left regent of a whole principality with a baby son and no protection. However, she rose to the occasion kicking asses and taking names and making sure no one would forget the name, Olga. She was so good at her job that she even became a saint in the catholic church. Join me on today's episode to hear her blood-soaked story.This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire purchase!BibliographyBloks, Moniek. “Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Olga - A Most Brutal Saint.” History of Royal Women, February 16, 2017. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/olga-of-kiev/holy-equal-apostles-olga/.Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Igor of Kiev.” Wikipedia, October 24, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_of_Kiev.———. “Olga of Kiev.” Wikipedia, November 4, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga_of_Kiev#Legacy.———. “Sviatoslav I.” Wikipedia, November 23, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sviatoslav_I.Duits, Simon. “Olga of Kiev: History's Most Vengeful Saint.” Medieval Reporter, June 1, 2022. https://medievalreporter.com/olga-of-kiev/.Johnson, Alex. “Olga of Kiev: The One Saint You Don't Want to Mess With.” Museum Hack, May 30, 2018. https://museumhack.com/olga-of-kiev/.Morris, Deianira. “Olga of Kiev: Pious Saint or Murderous Queen?” TheCollector, February 19, 2022. https://www.thecollector.com/olga-of-kiev-russian-saint-or-queen/.The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Saint Olga.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Olga.

Empress Josephine was one of the most fascinating women of the French Revolutionary period. Little Jo started out as the oldest daughter of a French noble family in the Caribbean with plenty of clout but not enough cash, so she was soon married off to her first husband, who provided her with the cash she needed but not the love. The French Revolution turned her life upside down, and in the fight for financial security, she met a rising star named Napoloan, who would carry her from being the wife of a soldier to being the empress of his short-lived empire. Learn about her fascinating life on the season primer of season seven. This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry use code AYDEN for 15% off your entire purchase. BibliographyBloks, Moniek. “The Bonaparte Women - Joséphine de Beauharnais (Part One).” History of Royal Women, March 29, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/josephine-de-beauharnais/the-bonaparte-women-josephine-de-beauharnais-part-one/.———. “The Bonaparte Women - Joséphine de Beauharnais (Part Three).” History of Royal Women, April 12, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/josephine-de-beauharnais/the-bonaparte-women-josephine-de-beauharnais-part-three/.———. “The Bonaparte Women - Joséphine de Beauharnais (Part Two).” History of Royal Women, April 5, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/josephine-de-beauharnais/the-bonaparte-women-josephine-de-beauharnais-part-two/.Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Alexandre de Beauharnais.” Wikipedia, August 15, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre_de_Beauharnais.———. “Eugène de Beauharnais.” Wikipedia, October 30, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Beauharnais.———. “Hortense de Beauharnais.” Wikipedia, November 21, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hortense_de_Beauharnais.———. “Joséphine de Beauharnais.” Wikipedia, November 26, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_de_Beauharnais.———. “Napoleon.” Wikipedia, November 27, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon.McIlvenna, Una. “Napoleon and Joséphine: Their Tumultuous Love Story.” HISTORY, November 20, 2023. https://www.history.com/news/napoleon-josephine-bonaparte-love-story-marriage-divorce.The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Josephine.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Josephine.

Welcome to the season six finale! On today's episode, we go out with a bang and discuss Queen Nzinga, one of the most badass African warrior queens in history. Nzinga was trained to be a warrior and a diplomate from the time she was small, which came in handy when negotiating with the Portuguese at first for her wimp of an older brother and even more so when she became queen in her own right. Nzinga had a massive effect on her kingdom and the modern country of Angola, which still views her as a proud part of their history. Join me on this episode to hear her story. This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewellery. Use code AYDEN for 15% off your entire order. Bibliography 101 Last Tribes - Mbundu people. “AFRICA.” Accessed September 13, 2024. https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/mbundu.html. Bortolot, Alexander Ives. “Women Leaders in African History: Ana Nzinga, Queen of Ndongo.” The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, January 1, 1AD. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/pwmn_2/hd_pwmn_2.htm. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Mukambu of Matamba.” Wikipedia, August 28, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukambu_of_Matamba. ———. “Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba.” Wikipedia, August 30, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nzinga_of_Ndongo_and_Matamba#Legacy. http://www.facebook/com/rejectedprincesses. “Nzinga Mbande: Mother of Angola.” Rejected Princesses. Accessed September 13, 2024. https://www.rejectedprincesses.com/princesses/nzinga-mbande. Black History Month 2024. “Queen Nzinga Mbande: The Unyielding Beacon of Resistance and Sovereignty ,” May 1, 2024. https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/section/african-history/queen-nzinga-mbande-the-unyielding-beacon-of-resistance-and-sovereignty/. Segovia, Becca. “Queen Nzinga: The Warrior Queen Brought to Life — RoyaltyNow.” RoyaltyNow, March 3, 2022. https://www.royaltynowstudios.com/blog/blog-post-title-one-pxydc-3e4k2-lwr6a-kleed-dxwc4-cr3nm-welff-kkp9h-lzwy8. Snethen, Jessica. “Queen Nzinga (1583-1663) •,” June 16, 2009. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/queen-nzinga-1583-1663/. Open Learning. “World-Changing Women: Queen Nzinga.” Accessed September 13, 2024. https://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/world-changing-women-queen-nzinga. Queens of Infamy: Njinga". Longreads. 3 October 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2020. Miller, Joseph C. "Nzinga of Matamba in a New Perspective." The Journal of African History 16, no. 2 (1975) pp. 201–206, 208, 209, 210–216. Accessed 30 March 2021. JSTOR 180812 Jackson, Guida M. (1990). Women Who Ruled: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 130. ISBN 0874365600.

What do you get when you take a French noble women and marry her to a Scottish king? A headache for the English. At just twenty-two, Yolande was thrust into the world of Scottish politics when she was married to the ageing king of Scotland, who had unfortunately lost almost every heir he had. Yolande's story had everything a dramatic death, a theory of an imposter baby, and, well, the English trying to screw everyone over. Join me on today's episode to learn about how a seemingly unimportant French girl got caught up in all of this. This Podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire order. Bibliography Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Alexander III of Scotland.” Wikipedia, August 26, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_III_of_Scotland. ———. “Arthur II, Duke of Brittany.” Wikipedia, April 14, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_II,_Duke_of_Brittany. ———. “Beatrice, Countess of Montfort.” Wikipedia, December 8, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beatrice,_Countess_of_Montfort. ———. “John of Montfort.” Wikipedia, August 22, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Montfort. ———. “Robert IV, Count of Dreux.” Wikipedia, October 15, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_IV,_Count_of_Dreux. ———. “Yolande of Dreux, Queen of Scotland.” Wikipedia, April 1, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolande_of_Dreux,_Queen_of_Scotland. info@undiscoveredscotland.co.uk, Undiscovered Scotland: “Yolande de Dreux: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland.” Accessed September 9, 2024. https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/d/yolandededreux.html. Longacre, Celeste. “Pisces Zodiac Sign: Dates, Personality Traits, and More.” Almanac.com, May 2, 2024. https://www.almanac.com/pisces-zodiac-sign. Medievalists.net. “Yolande de Dreux, Queen of Scots.” Medievalists.net, April 19, 2016. https://www.medievalists.net/2016/04/yolande-de-dreux-queen-of-scots/. fourteenthcenturyfiend.com. “The Maid of Norway: The Child Queen of Scots, 1286-1290,” January 5, 2019. https://fourteenthcenturyfiend.com/2019/01/05/the-maid-of-norway-the-child-queen-of-scots-1286-1290/. History... the interesting bits! “Yolande and the Hope for the Scottish Succession,” October 30, 2016. https://historytheinterestingbits.com/2016/10/30/yolande-and-the-hope-for-the-scottish-succession/. Connolly, Sharon Bennett (2017). Heroines of the Medieval World. Amberley Publishing Elizabeth Ewan, Sue Innes and Sian Reynolds: The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women

Being queen is never easy, and no one knew that better than Queen Min. At only eight years old, she was left without a father, but funnily enough, her lack of ambitious male relatives made her the perfect candidate for queen to the irresponsible and impressionable King of Korea. Min bided her time under the thumb of her overbearing father-in-law until she was able to outsmart him and take over the court. Over her twenty-year reign, she managed to modernize Korea in everything from the military to education, all while dealing with the encroaching Japanese empire. Join me to learn about her story on today's episode. This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire purchase. Bibliography Administration, Cultural Heritage. “Birth Home of Empress Myeongseong - Heritage Search.” Cultural Heritage Administration. Accessed August 28, 2024. https://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?mn=EN_02_02&sCcebKdcd=21&ccebAsno=00460000&sCcebCtcd=31&pageIndex=388®ion=&canAsset=&ccebPcd1=&searchWrd=&startNum=&endNum=&stCcebAsdt=&enCcebAsdt=&canceled=&ccebKdcd=&ccebCtcd=. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Empress Myeongseong.” Wikipedia, August 26, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Myeongseong#Photographs_and_illustrations. ———. “Gojong of Korea.” Wikipedia, August 27, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gojong_of_Korea. ———. “History of Women in Korea.” Wikipedia, June 23, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_women_in_Korea. ———. “Internal Princess Consort Hanchang.” Wikipedia, March 25, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_Princess_Consort_Hanchang. ———. “Min Chi-Rok.” Wikipedia, June 4, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Chi-rok. ———. “Shamanism.” Wikipedia, August 25, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamanism#Ecological_aspect. ———. “Sunjong of Korea.” Wikipedia, July 12, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunjong_of_Korea. New World Encyclopedia. “Empress Myeongseong.” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Empress_Myeongseong. “FamilySearch.Org.” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname?surname=min. MadMonarchist. “Consort Profile: Empress Myeongseong of Korea.” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://madmonarchist.blogspot.com/2011/10/consort-profile-empress-myeongseong-of.html. Szczepanski, Kallie. “Biography of Queen Min, Korean Empress.” ThoughtCo, July 23, 2012. https://www.thoughtco.com/queen-min-of-joseon-korea-195721. Team, Gale Review. “The Murder of Empress Myeongseong of Korea.” The Gale Review, August 16, 2022. https://review.gale.com/2022/08/16/the-murder-of-empress-myeongseong-of-korea/. “The Legacy of Joseon Korea (1392-1897).” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://www.roots.gov.sg/stories-landing/stories/the-legacy-of-joseon-korea/story.

Mary Todd Lincoln does not have the best reputation amongst first ladies. She was remembered in her time as a mentally unstable overspender who had questionable ties to the Confederacy. However, in this episode, I want pepole to learn about the bright and independent young woman who tried to make the best of every situation she was in and suffered more tragedy than anyone could understand. Join me on this episode as we talk about the sad but extraordinary life of Mary Todd Lincoln. This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire order. Boomer, Lee. “Life Story: Mary Todd Lincoln (1818-1882).” Women & the American Story, November 11, 2020. https://wams.nyhistory.org/a-nation-divided/civil-war/mary-todd-lincoln/. Caroli, Betty Boyd. “Mary Todd Lincoln.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Todd-Lincoln. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Abraham Lincoln.” Wikipedia, August 8, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln#Assassination. ———. “Mary Todd Lincoln.” Wikipedia, July 26, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Todd_Lincoln. ———. “Robert Smith Todd.” Wikipedia, June 26, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smith_Todd#Personal_life. Family, Death, Facts | HISTORY Mary Todd Lincoln: “Mary Todd Lincoln: Family, Death, Facts.” HISTORY, December 16, 2009. https://www.history.com/topics/first-ladies/mary-todd-lincoln. The White House. “Mary Todd Lincoln,” January 12, 2021. https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/first-families/mary-todd-lincoln/. Mary Todd Lincoln House. “Mary Todd Lincoln — Mary Todd Lincoln House.” Accessed August 9, 2024. https://www.mtlhouse.org/biography. “Mary Todd Lincoln Timeline and Highlights.” Accessed August 9, 2024. https://www.abrahamlincolnonline.org/lincoln/education/marytimeline.htm. Turner, Justin G. and Turner, Linda Levitt (1987) Mary Todd Lincoln: Her Life and Letters, Fromm International Pub. Corp. Emerson, Jason (2006). "The Madness of Mary Lincoln". American Heritage Magazine. Catherine Clinton, Mrs. Lincoln: A Life (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010)

Many pepole know Alexander the Great. After all, he conquered most of the known world before the age of twenty-five and was considered a military genius, but few know about his little sister, who contributed to his success. Cleo grew up in a chaotic household with two parents constantly at each other's throats and living in the shadow of her golden child brother. However, when she married into the royal family of Epirus, she was able to exercise her own authority as regent for her husband and son, and she would later work with her mother to keep the peace in Greece while her brother expanded his rule across Asia where he would not have been able to do without her support. Join me in this episode to learn the story of the little sister who supported the Macedonian empire. This Podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewellery. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire order. Bibliography Livius. “Cleopatra of Macedonia.” Accessed July 10, 2024. https://www.livius.org/articles/person/cleopatra-of-macedonia/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Alexander I of Epirus.” Wikipedia, December 10, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Epirus. ———. “Cleopatra of Macedon.” Wikipedia, March 20, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleopatra_of_Macedon. ———. “Epirus (Ancient State).” Wikipedia, March 27, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epirus_(ancient_state). ———. “Neoptolemus II of Epirus.” Wikipedia, May 3, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoptolemus_II_of_Epirus. ———. “Olympias.” Wikipedia, June 4, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympias. ———. “Philip II of Macedon.” Wikipedia, June 21, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon. Klimczak, Natalia. “Standing in the Shadow of Alexander the Great: Cleopatra of Macedon and Her Life of Danger.” Ancient Origins, December 23, 2016. https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/standing-shadow-alexander-great-cleopatra-macedon-and-her-life-danger-007239#google_vignette. primeo. “Alexander the Great's Sister: Cleopatra of Macedonia (354-308 BC).” Totally History, May 16, 2022. https://totallyhistory.com/alexander-the-greats-sister-cleopatra/. Xhabrahimi, Kreshnik. “Cleopatra of Macedon: Ruling in Two Continents - Albanopedia.” Albanopedia, June 5, 2020. https://www.albanopedia.com/biographies/cleopatra-of-macedon#google_vignette. Lyngsnes, Øystein Wiklund. "The Women Who Would Be Kings": A study of the Argead royal women in the early Diadochoi Wars (323-316 BCE): The Rivalry of Adea-Eurydike and Olympias and the Death of the Argead dynasty. [Master's Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology] https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/2503322/Lyngsnes_%C3%98ystein_Wiklund.pdf?sequence=1 Carney, Elizabeth D. (2003-01-01). "Chapter Nine: Women in Alexander's Court". Brill's Companion to Alexander the Great. Brill. pp. 227–252. doi:10.1163/9789004217553_010. ISBN 978-90-04-21755-3. Carney, Elizabeth (1995). "Women and Basileia: Legitimacy and Female Political Action in Macedonia." The Classical Journal. 90 (4): 367–391. ISSN 0009-8353. JSTOR 3297828.

Berengaria of Castile spent much of her life as a political pawn with a throne just in her grasp, only to have it taken away from her time and time again because of her gender. Despite all that, she became an amazing politician who actively contributed to her kingdom's future, whether she was on the throne or not. In her time, she tried to find a balance between a strong politician and a demure medieval queen. Join me to hear her fascinating story. This Podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire order BibliographyBrooklyn Museum. “Berengaria.” Accessed July 4, 2024. https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/berengaria. Order of Medieval Women. “Berengaria of Castile.” Accessed July 4, 2024. https://www.medievalwomen.org/berengaria-of-castile.html. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Alfonso IX of León.” Wikipedia, June 14, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_IX_of_Le%C3%B3n. ———. “Alfonso VIII of Castile.” Wikipedia, March 11, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_of_Castile. ———. “Berengaria of Castile.” Wikipedia, May 28, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berengaria_of_Castile. ———. “Conrad II, Duke of Swabia.” Wikipedia, April 27, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_II,_Duke_of_Swabia. ———. “Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile.” Wikipedia, June 17, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_England,_Queen_of_Castile. ———. “Henry I of Castile.” Wikipedia, March 19, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_I_of_Castile. Jansen, Sharon L. “Berengaria ‘the Great.'” Accessed July 4, 2024. https://www.monstrousregimentofwomen.com/2017/11/berengaria-great.html. Lewis, Jone Johnson. “Berenguela of Castile, Queen of Leon, Granddaughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine.” ThoughtCo, August 8, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/berenguela-of-castile-3529740. Olaya, Vicente G. “Queen Berengaria's Sad Message Hidden in the Ceiling of a Spanish Convent.” Ediciones EL PAÍS S.L., June 23, 2023. https://english.elpais.com/culture/2023-06-23/queen-berengarias-sad-message-hidden-in-the-ceiling-of-a-spanish-convent.html.

Queen Boudicca of the Iceni is by far one of the most impressive queens I have ever read about. Boudicca grew up in a time before the Romans came to Britain, but in her adult life, she had to deal with constant Roman oppression against her pepole. When the Romans refused to honour the will of her husband and attacked her and her daughters, she called upon her fellow Celts. She started one of the most destructive rebellions that the Romans ever dealt with, all to avenge her pepole and her children. Join me on today's episode to learn about her remarkable story. This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire order. Bibliography “Boudica.” Accessed June 10, 2024. https://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/britannia/boudica/boudicanrevolt.html. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Boudica.” Wikipedia, May 6, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boudica#Background. ———. “Prasutagus.” Wikipedia, March 6, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasutagus. Express, Britain. “Celtic Britain - History and Culture.” Britain Express. Accessed June 10, 2024. https://www.britainexpress.com/History/Celtic_Britain.htm#google_vignette. ———. “Iceni Tribe in Roman Britain.” Britain Express. Accessed June 10, 2024. https://www.britainexpress.com/History/roman/iceni.htm. Roman Britain. “Iceni Celtic Tribe,” April 13, 2021. https://www.roman-britain.co.uk/tribes/iceni/. Jacks, Lauralee. “Boudicca - The Celtic Queen Who Defied Rome.” History of Royal Women, March 3, 2018. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/boudicca/boudicca-celtic-queen-defied-rome/. Pruitt, Sarah. “Who Was Boudica?” HISTORY, May 31, 2016. https://www.history.com/news/who-was-boudica. Historic UK. “Queen Boudica (Boadicea) of the Iceni,” October 26, 2016. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Boudica/. Historic UK. “Roman England, the Roman in Britain 43 - 410 AD,” October 25, 2016. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/The-Romans-in-England/. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Boudicca.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boudicca. English Heritage. “The Roman Invasion of Britain.” Accessed June 10, 2024. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/story-of-england/romans/invasion/.

Ahilybai Rani of Indore is often remembered as one of India's greatest female rulers. At only eight years old, she married far above her station, and due to many unfortunate deaths, she ended up in charge of a key state in the Maharathi confederacy and started a golden age of rule lasting over thirty years. join me today to learn about her incredible story. Bibliography New World Encyclopedia. “Ahilyabai Holkar.” Accessed June 5, 2024. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Ahilyabai_Holkar. Aranha, Jovita. “The Untold Story of the Brave Maratha Warrior Queen Ahilyabai Holkar!” The Better India, October 31, 2017. https://www.thebetterindia.com/119761/queen-ahilyabai-holkar-maratha/#google_vignette. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Ahilyabai Holkar.” Wikipedia. Accessed June 5, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahilyabai_Holkar. ———. “Dhangar.” Wikipedia, June 3, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhangar. ———. “Khanderao Holkar.” Wikipedia, June 1, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khanderao_Holkar. ———. “Male Rao Holkar.” Wikipedia, May 17, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Male_Rao_Holkar. ———. “Malhar Rao Holkar.” Wikipedia, May 30, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malhar_Rao_Holkar. ———. “Marathi People.” Wikipedia, June 1, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marathi_people. History Today. “Death of a Philosopher Queen.” Accessed June 5, 2024. https://www.historytoday.com/archive/months-past/death-philosopher-queen. Malik, Tanya. “Ahilyabai Holkar: The Lesser Known Story Of Malwa's Fearless Warrior.” HerZindagi, May 3, 2023. https://www.herzindagi.com/society-culture/ahilyabai-holkar-malwa-queen-warrior-life-story-death-article-230184. Raikar, Sanat Pai. “Maratha Empire.” Encyclopedia Britannica, September 8, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Maratha-Empire. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Holkar Dynasty.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Holkar-dynasty. Vaidya, Shefali. “Ahilya's Daughters - Pragyata.” Pragyata - Journal of Indic Ideas, May 23, 2016. https://pragyata.com/ahilyas-daughters/. Zubaan. “Ahilyabai Holkar.” Google Arts & Culture. Accessed June 5, 2024. https://artsandculture.google.com/story/ahilyabai-holkar-zubaan/AgUB6rvnxUwIJw?

It's Pride Month, and I thought what a great time to talk about the other half of one of the most infamous pirate duos in history: pirate queen Mary Read. We don't know a ton for sure about Mary's life before she became a pirate. However, we do know that Mary had wild adventures disguised as a boy in the military before she ever took up a life of privacy with her girlfriend, Anne Bonney and Anne Bonney's boyfriend, Jack Rackham. Join me on this episode to learn the wild tale of how a less than half-a-year private career made Mary the most famous female pirate in history. Bibliography Abbott, Karen. “If There's a Man Among Ye: The Tale of Pirate Queens Anne Bonny and Mary Read.” Smithsonian Magazine, August 9, 2011. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/if-theres-a-man-among-ye-the-tale-of-pirate-queens-anne-bonny-and-mary-read-45576461/. Cartwright, Mark. “Calico Jack.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.worldhistory.org/Calico_Jack/. ———. “Mary Read.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.worldhistory.org/Mary_Read/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Mary Read.” Wikipedia, May 12, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Read. “Early Life · Mary Read and Anne Bonny: Two of England's Most Notorious Pirates · Gallery.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://gallery.lib.umn.edu/exhibits/show/mary-read-anne-bonny/mary-read/mary-read--early-life. Pirates! Fact and Legend. “Life in a Man's World: Mary Read.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.piratesinfo.com/famous-pirates/mary-read/life-in-a-mans-world-mary-read/. Historic UK. “Mary Read the Pirate,” September 3, 2017. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Mary-Read-Pirate. Minster, Christopher. “Biography of Mary Read, English Pirate.” ThoughtCo, February 8, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/biography-of-mary-read-2136221. Queen Anne's Revenge Project. “Pirate Profile: Mary Read.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.qaronline.org/blog/2020-03-15/pirate-mary-read. Simon, Rebecca Alexandra. Pirate Queens: The Lives of Anne Bonny & Mary Read. Pen and Sword History, 2022. “The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Pyrates, by Daniel Defoe.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/40580/40580-h/40580-h.htm. Tikkanen, Amy. “Mary Read.” Encyclopedia Britannica, August 2, 2017. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Read.

Matilda of Scotland has often been overshadowed in her accomplishments because of her saintly mother and empress daughter, but it was because of her mother that she became who she needed to be to make sure her daughter could be even better. Matilda had a rough but pretty normal Scottish royal childhood with a lot of murder and succession crises, but it hardened her to make her an astute politician in the court of her husband, Henry I. In addition to that, Matilda was worldly and generous and made her court one of culture and arts, and she made active efforts to be kind and helpulf to the less fortunate, a trait instilled in her by her mother. Come join me to learn about her facinating story. Bibliography Brown, Laura. “Queen Matilda of Scotland.” The Scots Magazine, October 25, 2019. https://www.scotsmagazine.com/articles/series/queen-matilda-of-scotland/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Empress Matilda.” Wikipedia, April 13, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Matilda. ———. “Henry I of England.” Wikipedia, April 3, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_I_of_England#Family_and_children. ———. “Malcolm III of Scotland.” Wikipedia, February 21, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_III_of_Scotland. ———. “Matilda of Scotland.” Wikipedia, April 18, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matilda_of_Scotland#Death. ———. “Saint Margaret of Scotland.” Wikipedia, April 15, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland. ———. “William Adelin.” Wikipedia, January 28, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Adelin. Lewis, Jone Johnson. “Biography of Matilda of Scotland, Wife of Henry I of England.” ThoughtCo, November 28, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/matilda-of-scotland-3529598. New World Encyclopedia. “Matilda of Scotland.” Accessed April 18, 2024. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Matilda_of_Scotland. The Freelance History Writer. “Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England,” June 10, 2012. https://thefreelancehistorywriter.com/2012/06/10/matilda-of-scotland-queen-of-england/. “Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England.” Accessed April 18, 2024. https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/normans_6.html#google_vignette. pixeltocode.uk, PixelToCode. “Matilda (Maud) Wife of Henry I.” Westminster Abbey. Accessed April 18, 2024. https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/matilda-maud-wife-of-henry-i. Susan. “Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England.” Unofficial Royalty, September 1, 2016. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/matilda-of-scotland-queen-of-england/. Rebecca Starr Brown. “The Almost Saint Matilda of Scotland,” May 1, 2017. https://rebeccastarrbrown.com/2017/05/01/the-almost-saint-matilda-of-scotland/.

Many forget that Johnny Cash had a first wife, and if they do remember her, they think of her as a vindictive shrew who hated his career. Vivian Liberto Cash has been horribly misrepresented in popular culture, but she supported her husband throughout much of his early career and dealt with anxiety and depression from her husband's drug use and from attacks by the KKK concerning her non-European appearance. Come join me today to learn about the women who inspired the famous song "Walk the Line" Alexander, Harriet. “DNA Tests Reveals Johnny Cash's First Wife Was Black and Her Great-Grandmother Was a Freed Slave.” Daily Mail, May 17, 2021. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9588299/Johnny-Cashs-wife-black-great-grandmother-freed-slave.html. Betts, Stephen L. “Rolling Stone.” Rolling Stone, April 29, 2020. https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-country/johnny-cash-first-wife-my-darling-vivian-movie-991700/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Johnny Cash.” Wikipedia, April 4, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Cash. ———. “Vivian Cash.” Wikipedia, April 4, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivian_Cash. Ishak, Natasha. “Vivian Cash, The Controversial First Wife Of Singer Johnny Cash.” All That's Interesting, July 16, 2022. https://allthatsinteresting.com/vivian-cash-liberto. Find a Grave Memorial. “Richard Laurence ‘Dick' Distin (1937-2019) - Find...” Accessed April 6, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/196577110/richard_laurence-distin. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Johnny Cash.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johnny-Cash. This Heart of Mine, LLC. “My Darling Vivian.” My Darling Vivian, January 1, 2020. https://www.mydarlingvivian.com/. Tremaine, Julie. “Johnny Cash's 7 Children: All About the Musical Legend's Son and Daughters.” PEOPLE, January 19, 2024. https://people.com/all-about-johnny-cash-kids-8430822. Trent, Sydney. “White Supremacists Attacked Johnny Cash for Marrying a ‘Negro' Woman. But Was His First Wife Black?” The Washington Post, May 16, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2021/05/16/johnny-cash-first-wife-vivian-black/.

China has had many influential and ambitious Empresses in its history, such as Empress Wu, but Zhao Feiyan certainly gives them all a run for their money. Zhao Feiyan was born into a relatively poor family, but due to her talent as a dancer, she was able to get the attention of the emperor, and from there, hijinx ensued. Join me on today's episode to learn about China's most underrated and controversial Empress. Bibliography Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Emperor Cheng of Han.” Wikipedia, March 21, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Cheng_of_Han. ———. “Imperial Chinese Harem System.” Wikipedia, March 4, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Chinese_harem_system. ———. “Zhao Feiyan.” Wikipedia, March 8, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_Feiyan. ———. “Zhao Hede.” Wikipedia, March 21, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhao_Hede. Encyclopedia Britannica. “Han Dynasty,” July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Han-dynasty/Cultural-achievements-of-the-Han-dynasty. Jacks, Lauralee. “Zhao Feiyan - Her Notorious Reputation as a Wanton Empress.” History of Royal Women, January 21, 2022. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/zhao-feiyan/zhao-feiyan-her-notorious-reputation-as-a-wanton-empress/#google_vignette. Keats School. “The Dancing of the Han Dynasty.” Accessed March 30, 2024. https://keatschinese.com/china-culture-resources/the-dancing-of-the-han-dynasty/. ChinaFetching.com. “Zhao Feiyan - From Dancer to Queen of Han.” Accessed March 30, 2024. https://www.chinafetching.com/zhao-feiyan. Schottenhammer, Angela (1 August 2003). "Slaves and Forms of Slavery in Late Imperial China (Seventeenth to Early Twentieth Centuries)." Slavery & Abolition. 24 (2): 143–154. doi:10.1080/01440390308559161. ISSN 0144-039X. S2CID 143643161. Fairbank, John King and Merle Goldman 1992. China: a new history. 2nd enlarged edition 2006. Cambridge, MA; London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-01828-1 MacMahon, Keith (2013), Women Shall Not Rule: Imperial Wives and Concubines in China from Han to Liao, Rowman & Littlefield, p. 11, ISBN 9781442222908 Book of Han, vol. 97, part 2. Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 31, 32, 33, 34, 35. Lee, Lily Xiao Hong & Stefanowska, A.D. (2007). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: Antiquity through Sui, 1600 B.C.E-618 C.E. M.E. Sharpe, Inc. Milburn, Olivia, and Xuan Ling. 2021. The Empress in the Pepper Chamber: Zhao Feiyan in History and Fiction. Seattle: University of Washington Press. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctv1p2gjd6

As a hardcore Swiftie, I was elated when I found out that Taylor Swift had a new song named after Clara Bow, and I thought, what better time to help people who may not know her story get to know her better? Clara was born desperately poor in early 1900s New York and suffered from a bad home life with an alcoholic father and a mentally ill mother. However, by the time she was a teenager, she won a beauty contest that shot her into stardom. Her fame came with a price, and she had her life intruded on by paparazzi; she was exploited by her managers and suffered from her own mental health issues. Come join me on today's episode to learn about the women who coined the term IT girl. Bibliography The Clara Bow Page. “Biography,” June 30, 2019. https://www.clarabow.net/biography/biography.html. Biography.com Editors. “Clara Bow.” Biography, February 6, 2024. https://www.biography.com/actors/a45863068/clara-bow. Carlton, Genevieve. “Clara Bow, The Wild Child ‘It Girl' Of 1920s Hollywood.” All That's Interesting, January 13, 2024. https://allthatsinteresting.com/clara-bow. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Clara Bow.” Wikipedia, March 19, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clara_Bow. ———. “Rex Bell.” Wikipedia, February 28, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rex_Bell. Gibson, Kelsie. “Who Is Clara Bow? All About the Namesake of Taylor Swift's New Song.” PEOPLE, February 6, 2024. https://people.com/who-is-clara-bow-all-about-actress-behind-taylor-swift-song-8559688. Hutchinson, Pamela. “Clara Bow: The Hard-Partying Jazz-Baby Airbrushed from Hollywood History.” The Guardian, June 21, 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2016/jun/21/clara-bow-wild-child-hollywood-history-silent-film. Find a Grave Memorial. “Rex Anthony Bell Jr. (1934-2011) - Find a Grave...” Accessed March 23, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/73185860/rex_anthony_bell. Find a Grave Memorial. “Rex Bell (1903-1962).” Accessed March 23, 2024. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2096/rex-bell. EP Studios. “The Bittersweet Life of Clara Bow,” June 11, 2018. https://www.epstudiossoftware.com/clara-bow/. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Clara Bow.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clara-Bow.

If you have not heard of Arsinoe II, you are missing out on a great story. Arsinoe started out as the daughter of the first Ptolemaic pharaoh of Egypt and, through her own grit, determination and political savvy, managed to survive the disastrous political consequences of her first husband's death and come back to her home country as its queen. Join me in learning about the women who set the standard for Greek-Egyptian queens!

Killers of the Flower Moon has brought the world's attention to one of the most vile murder cases in American history, and at the center of it all was Mollie Kyle-Burkhart. Mollie would have grown up in the traditional way of her Osage ancestors, but by the time she was an adult, her family was wealthy, and she lived in a big home with white servants and with a white husband. Mollie lost all of her family members during the reign of terror, and I can't imagine what it must have been like to go through something that horrible. On today's episode, we get into her story of resilience.  Bibliography Osage Nation. “About.” Accessed February 25, 2024. https://www.osagefoundation.org/about. Blakemore, Erin. “Erin Blakemore.” National Geographic, September 15, 2023. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/osage-murders-killers-of-the-flower-moon. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Ernest Burkhart.” Wikipedia, February 24, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Burkhart. ———. “Mollie Kyle.” Wikipedia, February 6, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollie_Kyle. ———. “Osage Nation.” Wikipedia, February 23, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osage_Nation. ———. “William King Hale.” Wikipedia, February 19, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_King_Hale. Evans, Elinor. “Who Was Mollie Burkhart in Killers of the Flower Moon?” HistoryExtra, October 19, 2023. https://www.historyextra.com/period/20th-century/mollie-burkhart-who-killers-flower-moon/. Grann, David. Killers of the Flower Moon: The Osage Murders and the Birth of the FBI. Vintage, 2018. ———. “The Rare Archival Photos Behind ‘Killers of the Flower Moon.'” Atlas Obscura, May 18, 2017. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/osage-murders-photos-killers-of-flower-moon. Hemenway, Megan. “What Happened To Mollie & Ernest's Children After Killers Of The Flower Moon.” Screen Rant, October 26, 2023. https://screenrant.com/killers-flower-moon-mollie-ernest-children-what-happened/. Sam Noble Museum - The Sam Noble Museum at The University of Oklahoma inspires minds to understand the world through collection-based research, interpretation, and education. “History Behind A Giving Heritage - Sam Noble Museum,” October 1, 2019. https://samnoblemuseum.ou.edu/history-behind-osage-weddings-exhibit/. Kaplan, Anna. “What Happened To Mollie Burkhart, Subject of Killers Of The Flower Moon?” TODAY, January 11, 2024. https://www.today.com/popculture/movies/killers-of-the-flower-moon-what-happened-to-mollie-burkhart-now-rcna121685. McCluskey, Megan. “How Killers of the Flower Moon Captures the True Story of the Osage Murders.” Time: October 20, 2023. https://time.com/6325586/killers-of-the-flower-moon-true-story/. Montalvan, Karla. “The True Story of Osage Woman Mollie Burkhart.” Fierce, November 16, 2023. https://fiercebymitu.com/entertainment/mollie-burkhart-true-story-killers-of-the-flower-moon-osage/. Kansas Historical Society. “Osage - History and Culture From Early 20th Century to Present         - Kansapedia.” Accessed February 25, 2024. https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/osage-history-and-culture-from-early-20th-century-to-present/19296. Oklahoma Historical Society | OHS. “Osage Murders.” Accessed February 25, 2024. https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=OS005. Quinn, Liam. “‘Killers of the Flower Moon True Story': All About the Real Events That Inspired the Martin Scorsese Film.” PEOPLE, October 20, 2023. https://people.com/killers-of-the-flower-moon-real-events-inspired-martin-scorsese-film-8364150. Romano, Aja. “Killers of the Flower Moon: What Is the True Story about the Osage Murders?” Vox, October 18, 2023. https://www.vox.com/culture/23920002/killers-flower-moon-true-story-osage-murders-reign-of-terror-mollie-burkhart-what-happened. Solly, Meilan. “The Real History Behind ‘Killers of the Flower Moon.'” Smithsonian Magazine, October 18, 2023. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-real-history-behind-killers-of-the-flower-moon-180983086/. World, Lenzy Krehbiel-Burton Tulsa. “Following the Headrights: Mollie Burkhart's Many Connections to the Osage Reign of Terror.” Tulsa World, October 4, 2023. https://tulsaworld.com/news/local/indigenous/following-the-headrights-mollie-burkharts-many-connections-to-the-osage-reign-of-terror/article_de635c84-5268-11ee-abe5-8b306bd2c14c.html.  

If I had an award to give out for the messiest Queen of England, I'm sure Isabella of Angoulême would be in the running. Isabella started out as a young child heiress in France and had the unfortunate experience of being married to bad King John. It gets worse from there. Come join me this week to hear her crazy story. Bibliography Rebecca Starr Brown. “A Legacy of Destruction: King John & Isabella of Angouleme,” June 7, 2017. https://rebeccastarrbrown.com/2017/06/07/a-legacy-of-destruction-king-john-isabella-of-angouleme/. Bloks, Moniek. “Isabella of Angoulême - Queen of England.” History of Royal Women, June 17, 2017. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/isabella-of-angouleme/isabella-angouleme-queen-england/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Alice of Courtenay.” Wikipedia, June 1, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_of_Courtenay. ———. “Aymer, Count of Angoulême.” Wikipedia, September 17, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymer,_Count_of_Angoul%C3%AAme. ———. “Hugh IX of Lusignan.” Wikipedia, October 7, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_IX_of_Lusignan. ———. “Hugh X of Lusignan.” Wikipedia, November 3, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_X_of_Lusignan. ———. “Isabella of Angoulême.” Wikipedia, December 12, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_of_Angoul%C3%AAme. ———. “John, King of England.” Wikipedia, January 14, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_King_of_England. “History of Isabella of Angoulême.” Accessed January 14, 2024. https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/plantagenet_31.html. History... the interesting bits! “Isabelle d'Angoulême: A Complicated Queen,” January 22, 2022. https://historytheinterestingbits.com/2022/01/22/isabelle-dangouleme-a-complicated-queen/. The Freelance History Writer. “Isabelle of Angoulême, Queen of England,” May 15, 2015. https://thefreelancehistorywriter.com/2015/05/15/isabelle-of-angouleme-queen-of-england/. Lewis, Jone Johnson. “Isabella of Angouleme: Young Queen Consort of John of England.” ThoughtCo, December 4, 2010. https://www.thoughtco.com/isabella-of-angouleme-biography-3530277. Ratio7.com, Steve -. “Isabella of Angoulême, Wife of King John.” Magna Carta Trust 800th Anniversary | Celebrating 800 years of democracy, August 29, 2014. https://magnacarta800th.com/schools/biographies/women-of-magna-carta/isabella-of-angouleme-wife-of-king-john/. Roller, Sarah. “How Did King John Lose the Crown Jewels?” History Hit. Accessed January 14, 2024. https://www.historyhit.com/day-king-john-loses-crown-jewels-wash/.

Welcome to the second special episode of black history month, where we will be discussing one of the South's wealthiest black women, Amanda America Dickson. Amanda, like many mixed people in the South before the Civil War, was a product of an assault, but unlike most mixed-race children, she was raised in white society. She would go on to inherit her father's vast estate and become one of Georgia's most famous socialites. Come and hear her story today on this episode! Bibliography New Georgia Encyclopedia. “Amanda America Dickson,” March 10, 2003. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/amanda-america-dickson-1849-1893/. History of American Women. “Amanda Dickson,” October 24, 2008. https://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2008/10/amanda-dickson.html. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Amanda America Dickson.” Wikipedia, November 20, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanda_America_Dickson. ———. “Jean Toomer.” Wikipedia, December 6, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Toomer. ebutler. “Amanda America Dickson Toomer.” Georgia Historical Society, May 25, 2021. https://georgiahistory.com/amanda-america-dickson-toomer/. Nielsen, Euell A. “Amanda America Dickson Toomer (1849-1893) •,” November 22, 2015. https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/amanda-america-dickson-toomer-1849-1893/. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “David Dickson.” Encyclopedia Britannica, November 16, 2007. https://www.britannica.com/biography/David-Dickson. Leslie, Kent Anderson. Woman of Color, Daughter of Privilege : Amanda America Dickson, 1849-1893, University of Georgia Press, 1995. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/unb/detail.action?docID=3038897.

Happy Black History Month everybody. To kick off this month I wanted to start with a story of one of my favourite African queens Yaa Asantewaa. Yaa Asantewaa was not born to be a leader but when her brother appointed her to the important position of queen mother it thrusted her into a world of complicated politics and a war against the British. Today she's remembered in the modern nation of Ghana as a hero and I'm so excited to present her story this month. Come join me to learn about this badass gun wielding queen on today's episode. Bibliography ADF. “Nana Yaa Asantewaa and the War of the Golden Stool.” Africa Defense Forum (blog), August 1, 2022. https://adf-magazine.com/2022/08/nana-yaa-asantewaa-and-the-war-of-the-golden-stool/. Modern Ghana. “Asante (Ashanti) History Much of the Modern Nation of Ghana.” Accessed December 16, 2023. https://www.modernghana.com/ghanahome/ashanti/ashanti.asp?menu_id=6&sub_menu_id=496&menu_id2=67&s=e. “Ashanti People, Tradition and Culture.” Accessed December 16, 2023. https://www.africancraftsmarket.com/african-tribes/ashanti-people.html. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Ashanti Empire.” Wikipedia, December 11, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashanti_Empire#Culture_and_society. ———. “Yaa Asantewaa.” Wikipedia, December 14, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaa_Asantewaa. Guide, Africa. “Ashanti People.” Accessed December 16, 2023. https://www.africaguide.com/culture/tribes/ashanti.htm. King, Deolu. “Yaa Asantewaa, Queen Mother Of The Ashanti - Celebrating Black History & Black Culture.” I AM History, August 5, 2022. https://www.iamhistory.co.uk/home/yaa-asantewaa. notch-admin. “History – Yaa Asantewaa.” Accessed December 16, 2023. https://yaaasantewaa.co.uk/history/. “Queen Mother Nana Yaa Asantewaa of West Africa's Ashanti Empire.” Accessed December 16, 2023. https://www.blackhistoryheroes.com/2010/05/queen-mother-nana-yaa-asantewaa.html. Team, IASH. “Yaa Asantewaa.” Dangerous Women Project, July 22, 2016. https://dangerouswomenproject.org/2016/07/22/yaa-asantewaa/. West, Racquel. “Yaa Asantewaa (Mid-1800s-1921) •,” February 8, 2019. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/yaa-asantewaa-mid-1800s-1921/. Team Queens. “Yaa Asantewa,” December 24, 2022. https://teamqueens.org/yaa-asantewa/. “Yaa Asantewaa, Biography.” Accessed December 16, 2023. https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Yaa-Asantewaa-175. Encyclopedia.com. “Yaa Asantewaa (c. 1850–1921).” Accessed December 16, 2023. https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/yaa-asantewaa-c-1850-1921

Very recently, I've become obsessed with the HBO TV show the Gilded Age and it has led me to a new appreciation for this time. And what a better way to explore it, then to talk about the queen bee of the Gilded Age Caroline Astor. Caroline set the standard for gilded age New York society and she had to be petty to keep society the way she thought it ought to run. Join me on my season, premiere and learn about the fascinating life of Caroline Astor. Bibliography Block, Elizabeth. “Mrs. Caroline Astor Was the Ultimate New York Socialite.” Town & Country, February 8, 2022. https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a38847567/mrs-caroline-astor-the-gilded-age/. Factinate. “Caroline Astor, The Gilded Age Socialite Who Ruled New York,” March 9, 2022. https://www.factinate.com/people/facts-caroline-astor. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Abraham Schermerhorn.” Wikipedia, October 14, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Schermerhorn. ———. “Caroline Schermerhorn Astor.” Wikipedia, December 13, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Schermerhorn_Astor. ———. “John Jacob Astor IV.” Wikipedia, November 4, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor_IV. ———. “New York Dutch.” Wikipedia, December 10, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Dutch. ———. “Peter Schermerhorn.” Wikipedia, April 14, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Schermerhorn. ———. “William Backhouse Astor Jr.” Wikipedia, November 19, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Backhouse_Astor_Jr. Evans, Elinor. “Mrs Astor and the Four Hundred.” HistoryExtra, February 21, 2022. https://www.historyextra.com/period/victorian/mrs-astor-who-four-hundred-new-york-society-list-ward-mcallister-gilded-age/. Beyond. “Mrs Astor Invites,” February 12, 2018. https://magazine.stregis.com/mrs-astor-invites-2/. HISTORY. “New Amsterdam Becomes New York,” February 9, 2010. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york. Albany and New York City. “Schermerhorns of New York.” Accessed December 15, 2023. https://www.americanajourneys.com/genealogy/schermerhorns_of_new_york.html. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Astor Family.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Astor-family.

Malinche's name is synonymous with betrayal. She has been called all sorts of names throughout history, but does she really deserve such a bad reputation? Malinche was a slave girl sold to the Spanish as they arrived in Mexico, and when they realized she had a talent for languages, she was an instrumental tool in the takedown of the Aztec empire. Malinche was lucky to have a decent amount of agency for her situation, but it's also important to remember she was a teenage girl who had no idea what the long-running consequences of her actions would be. Join me to learn about the incredible story of the translator La Malinche! Bibliography Anderson, Gracie. “Was La Malinche, Indigenous Interpreter for Conquistador Hernán Cortés, a Traitor, Survivor or Icon?” Smithsonian Magazine, July 30, 2021. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/was-la-malinche-indigenous-interpreter-conquistador-hernan-cortes-traitor-survivor-or-icon-180978321/. Encyclopedia Britannica. “Aztec Empire.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.britannica.com/summary/Aztec-Empire-Timeline. “Basic Aztec Facts: AZTEC SLAVES.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/kids/aztec-slaves. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Hernán Cortés.” Wikipedia, August 24, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s. ———. “La Malinche.” Wikipedia, September 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Malinche. ———. “Martín Cortés (Son of Malinche).” Wikipedia, September 18, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Cort%C3%A9s_(son_of_Malinche). dhwty. “The Controversial Role of La Malinche in the Fall of the Aztec Empire: Traitor or Hero?” Ancient Origins, July 24, 2019. https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/controversial-role-la-malinche-fall-aztec-empire-traitor-or-hero-005284. Hellman, Reviewed by David. “Mystery of the First Mestizo / Loyal to Father, Malinche's Son Lost to History.” SFGATE, July 11, 2004. https://www.sfgate.com/books/article/mystery-of-the-first-mestizo-loyal-to-father-2742590.php. History Skills. “La Malinche: The Woman Who Helped Destroy the Aztec Empire.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.historyskills.com/classroom/year-8/la-malinche/. AHA. “Malinche: Indian Princess or Slavish Whore?” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.historians.org/teaching-and-learning/teaching-resources-for-historians/teaching-and-learning-in-the-digital-age/the-history-of-the-americas/the-conquest-of-mexico/narrative-overviews/malinche-indian-princess-or-slavish-whore. Britannica Kids. “Marina, or Malinche.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Marina-or-Malinche/628972. Minster, Christopher. “Biography of Malinche, Enslaved Woman and Interpreter to Hernán Cortés.” ThoughtCo, May 21, 2015. https://www.thoughtco.com/biography-of-malinche-2136516. a short introduction. “Music, Song and Dance among the Aztecs.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/music/music-song-and-dance-among-the-aztecs-a-short-introduction. Purcell, Ryan. “Life Story: Malitzen (La Malinche).” Women & the American Story, October 17, 2018. https://wams.nyhistory.org/early-encounters/spanish-colonies/malitzen/. “Resource for Students: Malinche and Pocahontas.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/spanish-invasion/resource-malinche-and-pocahontas. root. “Aztec Education: Learning at Home and School.” History, July 22, 2014. https://www.historyonthenet.com/aztec-education-at-home-and-school. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Nahua.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nahua.

Many of you know my deep love for my birthday twin Queen Claude of France but have you heard of Claude's little sister Renee? Renee had a turbulent life from almost the second she was born from the death of her parents to her disinheritance at a young age. Renee also lived at the height of the religious wars in France and was a princess caught between worlds and it almost cost her everything. Join me to learn about her fascinating life on today's episode. Bibliography Barlow, Jill. “Renée de France: A Woman of the Reformation.” The Village Church. Accessed August 12, 2023. https://www.thevillagechurch.net/resources/articles/renee-de-france-a-woman-of-the-reformation. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Anne of Brittany.” Wikipedia, August 10, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_of_Brittany. ———. “Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara.” Wikipedia, May 1, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ercole_II_d%27Este,_Duke_of_Ferrara. ———. “Louis XII.” Wikipedia, August 6, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XII. ———. “Michelle de Saubonne.” Wikipedia, July 3, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelle_de_Saubonne. ———. “Renée of France.” Wikipedia, July 13, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_of_France. Editor. “Renée of France: Kept by God's Grace.” Leben, December 19, 2016. https://leben.us/renee-france-kept-gods-grace/. Jansen, Sharon L. “Renée of France, Duchess of Ferrara.” Accessed August 12, 2023. https://www.monstrousregimentofwomen.com/2015/10/renee-of-france-duchess-of-ferrara.html. Kelly, Amy Eloise. “Renée of France - The Protestant Duchess of Ferrara.” History of Royal Women, October 24, 2017. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/renee-of-france/renee-france-protestant-duchess-ferrara/. kyra. “Renée of France – Kyra Cornelius Kramer.” Accessed August 12, 2023. https://www.kyrackramer.com/2017/10/24/rene-of-france/. Longueville, Olivia. “Renée of France: A Valois Princess, a Protestant Duchess of Ferrara.” Olivia Longueville, October 26, 2020. https://olivialongueville.com/2020/10/26/renee-of-france-a-valois-princess-a-protestant-duchess-of-ferrara/. The Freelance History Writer. “Princess Renée de France: Staunch Huguenot ~ A Guest Post by Keira Morgan,” March 10, 2021. https://thefreelancehistorywriter.com/2021/03/10/princess-renee-de-france-staunch-huguenot-a-guest-post-by-keira-morgan/. Musée protestant. “Renée de France (1510-1575).” Accessed August 12, 2023. https://museeprotestant.org/en/notice/renee-de-france-1510-1575-2/. The Horoscope. “October 25 Zodiac - Full Horoscope Personality.” www.thehoroscope.co. Accessed August 12, 2023. https://www.thehoroscope.co/zodiac-signs/october-25-zodiac-scorpio.html.

Many people are familiar with the stories that come out of the Hundred Years War, like the heroism of Joan of Arc or the battle of Agincourt, but few know the story of the queen of four kingdoms who helped France win the war. Yolande was born the daughter of the king of Aragon and, over her life, was the unofficial queen of four nations. As a teen, she was strategically married off to the Duke of Anjou, but despite being Spanish, she became a full-blown Francophile and was key to the continued survival of the French monarchy. Join me today to learn her story. Bibliography BookBrowse. “Yolande of Aragon: Background Information When Reading Joan of Arc.” BookBrowse.com. Accessed August 6, 2023. https://www.bookbrowse.com/mag/btb/index.cfm/book_number/3238/joan-of-arc. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Joanna of Aragon, Countess of Foix.” Wikipedia, June 14, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanna_of_Aragon,_Countess_of_Foix. ———. “John I of Aragon.” Wikipedia, June 28, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_I_of_Aragon. ———. “Louis II of Anjou.” Wikipedia, April 30, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_II_of_Anjou. ———. “Violant of Bar.” Wikipedia, July 14, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violant_of_Bar. ———. “Yolande of Aragon.” Wikipedia, July 25, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolande_of_Aragon. Dan Moorhouse - The Hundred Years War. “Yolande of Aragon - The Hundred Years War.” The Hundred Years War - 1337-1453, February 13, 2022. https://thehundredyearswar.co.uk/yolande-of-aragon/. ellena. “August 11th Zodiac Sign — Leo Traits, Careers, Mantras & More.” Popular Vedic Science, December 7, 2022. https://popularvedicscience.com/astrology/august-11-zodiac-sign/. Jansen, Sharon L. “Yolande of Aragon, the Queen of Four Kingdoms.” Accessed August 6, 2023. https://www.monstrousregimentofwomen.com/2019/08/yolande-of-aragon-queen-of-four-kingdoms.html. Longueville, Olivia. “Yolande of Aragon: Her Mother, Violant de Bar, as a Role Model.” Olivia Longueville, August 13, 2021. https://olivialongueville.com/2021/08/13/yolande-of-aragon-her-mother-as-a-role-model/. TV Tropes. “Yolande Of Aragon / Useful Notes.” Accessed August 6, 2023. https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/UsefulNotes/YolandeOfAragon. Encyclopedia.com. “Yolande of Aragon (1379–1442).” Accessed August 6, 2023. https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/yolande-aragon-1379-1442.

The Taj Mahal is one of the most famous buildings to ever exist. No matter who you are or what language you speak you've probably heard of the building, but I bet you haven't heard of the woman who it was built for. Mumtaz Mahal was the most beloved wife of the Mughal emperor Shah Jehan but while Mumtaz may be famous for dying, I'm more interested in the things she did in her life that made her so beloved to everyone. Join me on this episode to learn about the Mughal's most beloved empress. Biography of Mumtaz Mahal, the Woman for Whom the Taj Mahal Was Built.” Accessed July 19, 2023. https://www.wonders-of-the-world.net/Taj-Mahal/Mumtaz-Mahal.php. Bloks, Moniek. “A Love to Remember - Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan.” History of Royal Women, February 14, 2016. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/the-royal-women/a-love-to-remember/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan.” Wikipedia, May 21, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu%27l-Hasan_Asaf_Khan. ———. “Aurangzeb.” Wikipedia, July 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurangzeb. ———. “Mirza Ghiyas Beg.” Wikipedia, June 13, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirza_Ghiyas_Beg. ———. “Mumtaz Mahal.” Wikipedia, July 13, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mumtaz_Mahal#Bibliography. ———. “Shah Jahan.” Wikipedia, July 18, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah_Jahan. Your Article Library. “Education of Women in Medieval India: Hindu and Muslim,” August 11, 2015. https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/education/indian-education/education-of-women-in-medieval-india-hindu-and-muslim/63503. etajmahaltour. “Queen Mumtaz Mahal.” Taj Mahal Tour. Accessed July 19, 2023. https://www.etajmahaltour.com/mumtaz-mahal.html. New World Encyclopedia. “Mumtaz Mahal.” Accessed July 19, 2023. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Mumtaz_Mahal. Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan. “Mumtaz Mahal - Mumtaz Mahal Life History - Mumtaj Mahal Biography.” Accessed July 19, 2023. https://www.tajmahal.org.uk/mumtaz-mahal.html. Regan, Sarah. “Scorpio Sign 101: Personality Traits, Compatibility & More.” Mindbodygreen, October 24, 2021. https://www.mindbodygreen.com/articles/scorpio. Sherriff, Lucy. “Ever Wondered Who Built India's Most Iconic Structure? It's a Romantic Love Story.” Discovery, August 23, 2022. https://www.discovery.com/exploration/the-taj-mahal-s-love-story. srinivas, pendem. “Mumtaz Mahal History, Biography, Love Story and Facts.” India the Destiny, August 2, 2017. https://indiathedestiny.com/indian-kings/mumtaz-mahal-hisotry/. The Big Fat Indian Wedding. “The Essential Guide to Mughal Weddings: Wedding Traditions.” The Big Fat Indian Wedding, October 28, 2013. http://thebigfatindianwedding.com/2013/the-essential-guide-to-mughal-weddings-wedding-traditions. “The Cause of The Taj:: Mumtaz Mahal.” Accessed July 19, 2023. https://www.tajmahal.gov.in/the-cause-of-the-taj.aspx. Zeidan, Adam. “Mumtaz Mahal.” Encyclopedia Britannica, June 24, 2019. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mumtaz-Mahal.

Many people have never heard of Sarah Winnemucca, but they really should have. Sarah was born amongst the Paiute people at a time when Americans were flocking west by the thousands and causing lots of issues for Native Americans. Sarah's family sought out a strategy of being kind and helpful to settlers coming west, and as a child, she performed shows to teach settlers about her culture. Despite much hardship as an adult, she would go on to lecture and write about her people and was one of the first Native American women to write an autobiography. Join me and learn more about this remarkable lady! Bibliography Aliano, Kelly. “Life Story: Sarah Winnemucca.” Women & the American Story, November 15, 2022. https://wams.nyhistory.org/expansions-and-inequalities/westward-expansion/sarah-winnemucca/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Sarah Winnemucca.” Wikipedia, June 17, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Winnemucca. ———. “Truckee (Chief).” Wikipedia, July 1, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truckee_(chief). ———. “Winnemucca (Paiute Leader).” Wikipedia, May 28, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnemucca_(Paiute_leader). Eves, Rosalyn. “Sarah Winnemucca Devoted Her Life to Protecting Native Americans in the Face of an Expanding United States.” Smithsonian Magazine, July 27, 2016. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/sarah-winnemucca-devoted-life-protecting-lives-native-americans-face-expanding-united-states-180959930/. “Northern Paiute Chiefs and Leaders.” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://www.idahogenealogy.com/indian/northern_paiute_chiefs_leaders.htm. New World Encyclopedia. “Sarah Winnemucca.” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Sarah_Winnemucca. “Sarah Winnemucca – First Wave Feminisms.” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://sites.uw.edu/twomn347/2022/11/13/sarah-winnemucca/. “SARAH WINNEMUCCA – Nevada Women's History Project.” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://nevadawomen.org/research-center/biographies-alphabetical/sarah-winnemucca/. “Sarah Winnemucca (1844?-1891).” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/sarah_winnemucca/. “Sarah Winnemucca (U.S. National Park Service).” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://www.nps.gov/people/sarah-winnemucca.htm. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Sarah Winnemucca.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sarah-Winnemucca. “The Paiutes: History.” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://utahindians.org/archives/paiutes/history.html. “The Shoshone – Continuing the Traditions of Their Ancestors – Legends of America.” Accessed July 7, 2023. https://www.legendsofamerica.com/na-shoshone/. The National Women's Hall of Fame. “Winnemucca, Sarah - National Women's Hall of Fame,” February 20, 2015. https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/sarah-winnemucca/.

Of all the queens of England Berengaria is famous for one strange fact about her reign she never stepped foot in England while she was Queen. As the wife of Richard the Lionheart Berengaria faced a heavy challenge of trying to make a marriage work with a man who was more interested in crusading than dynasty making. Come and join me on today's episode to learn about the queen of England who likely never stepped foot in England. Bibliography Gazette665. “10 Things You Should Know About Berengaria of Navarre,” May 12, 2018. https://gazette665.com/2018/05/11/10-things-you-should-know-about-berengaria-of-navarre/. SheKnows. “Berengaria,” August 22, 2018. https://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/berengaria/. “Berengaria of Navarre.” Accessed June 18, 2023. https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/plantagenet_37.html. New World Encyclopedia. “Berengaria of Navarre.” Accessed June 18, 2023. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Berengaria_of_Navarre. Encyclopedia.com. “Berengaria of Navarre (c. 1163–c. 1230).” Accessed June 18, 2023. https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/berengaria-navarre-c-1163-c-1230. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Berengaria of Navarre.” Wikipedia, June 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berengaria_of_Navarre. ———. “Richard I of England.” Wikipedia, June 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_I_of_England. ———. “Sancha of Castile, Queen of Navarre.” Wikipedia, June 13, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancha_of_Castile,_Queen_of_Navarre. ———. “Sancho VI of Navarre.” Wikipedia, April 29, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancho_VI_of_Navarre. Lewis, Jone Johnson. “Berengaria: Wedded to England's Richard the Lionhearted.” ThoughtCo, October 14, 2004. https://www.thoughtco.com/berengaria-of-navarre-3529619. Medievalists.net. “Berengaria of Navarre, Queen of England.” Medievalists.net, September 4, 2014. https://www.medievalists.net/2014/09/berengaria-navarre-queen-england/. Rodriguez, Vicente. “Navarra.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/place/Navarra.

Zenobia of Palmyra could rival the famous Cleopatra when it came to pissing off Rome. Zenobia grew up at the daughter of a minor Syrian nobleman but when she married the king of the small but important city of Palmyra her life changed. When her husband died Zenobia took her small city and turned into an empire while simultaneously challenging the known world's greatest power. Join me to learn the story of this awesome Syrian Queen. Bibliography Bileta, Vedran. “Who Was Queen Zenobia of Palmyra?” TheCollector, May 23, 2023. https://www.thecollector.com/who-was-queen-zenobia-of-palmyra/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Odaenathus.” Wikipedia, March 27, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odaenathus. ———. “Vaballathus.” Wikipedia, March 27, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaballathus. ———. “Zenobia.” Wikipedia, May 29, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenobia. Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art. “Palmyra.” The Met's Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, January 1, 1AD. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/palm/hd_palm.htm. Duncan, Mike. “When Palmyra Rivaled the Roman Empire.” Reuters, May 25, 2015. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUK270203556420150525. Arab America. “Five Things You Didn't Know Zenobia of Palmyra,” August 25, 2021. https://www.arabamerica.com/five-things-you-didnt-know-zenobia-of-palmyra/. Mark, Joshua J. “Zenobia.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed June 13, 2023. https://www.worldhistory.org/zenobia/. “Palmyra: The Modern Destruction of an Ancient City – Smarthistory.” Accessed June 13, 2023. https://smarthistory.org/palmyra-arches/. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Septimius-Odaenathus. Warfare History Network. “Zenobia's Bloody War of Independence,” January 2, 2023. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/zenobia-queen-of-palmyra/.

Maria of Portugal is often remembered for her decent into madness. Much like her contemporary George III, Maria suffered from severe mental health issues that made her seem like a raving lunatic but before all that she was an accomplished and beautiful princess who was preparing to be the first queen of Portugal. Join me to hear about the story of Portugal's Mad Queen. Factinate. “42 Tormented Facts About Maria I, Portugal's Mad Queen,” September 10, 2019. https://www.factinate.com/people/facts-maria-i/. “Biography of Queen Maria I of Portugal (1734-1816).” Accessed June 6, 2023. https://www.madmonarchs.nl/madmonarchs/maria1/maria1_bio.htm. Bloks, Moniek. “Queens Regnant - Maria I of Portugal.” History of Royal Women, December 14, 2015. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/the-royal-women/queens-regnant-maria-portugal/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “John VI of Portugal.” Wikipedia, June 1, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal. ———. “Joseph I of Portugal.” Wikipedia, March 15, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_I_of_Portugal. ———. “Maria I of Portugal.” Wikipedia, May 1, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_I_of_Portugal. ———. “Mariana Victoria of Spain.” Wikipedia, May 21, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariana_Victoria_of_Spain. Magazine, Hakai. “The Earthquake That Brought Enlightenment.” Hakai Magazine. Accessed June 6, 2023. https://hakaimagazine.com/features/the-earthquake-that-brought-enlightenment/. Susan. “Maria I, Queen of Portugal.” Unofficial Royalty, August 8, 2022. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/maria-i-queen-of-portugal/. ———. “Pedro III, King of Portugal.” Unofficial Royalty, August 12, 2022. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/pedro-iii-king-of-portugal/.

Queen Seondeok of Silla is by far one of the most fascinating Asian queens I have ever read about. Her father fought ferociously for her right to rule and she presided over a golden age for the Korean kingdoms in terms of art and culture. However the political situation between the various Korean kingdoms was always shaky and Queen Seondeok spent most of her reign trying to keep Silla from tearing itself apart. Join me to learn about Korea's first ever queen regent. Bibliography Bloks, Moniek. “The Three Queens of Silla.” History of Royal Women, November 24, 2016. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/the-queens-regnant-series/three-queens-silla/. Cartwright, Mark. “The Gold Crowns of Silla.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed April 17, 2023. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/957/the-gold-crowns-of-silla/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Jinpyeong of Silla.” Wikipedia, April 6, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinpyeong_of_Silla. ———. “Kim Yongchun.” Wikipedia, August 13, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Yongchun. ———. “Princess Cheonmyeong of Silla.” Wikipedia, January 4, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Cheonmyeong_of_Silla. ———. “Queen Maya of Silla.” Wikipedia, January 4, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Maya_of_Silla. ———. “Queen Seondeok of Silla.” Wikipedia, April 14, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Seondeok_of_Silla. Katie. “Warrior Princess: Queen Seondeok of Korea.” Girl Museum, October 21, 2016. https://www.girlmuseum.org/warrior-princess-queen-seondeok-of-korea/. New World Encyclopedia. “Queen Seondeok of Silla.” Accessed April 17, 2023. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Queen_Seondeok_of_Silla. Szczepanski, Kallie. “Ancient Silla, a Korean Great Power.” ThoughtCo, June 29, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-was-the-silla-kingdom-195405. ———. “Korea's Bone-Rank System.” ThoughtCo, August 19, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-was-koreas-bone-rank-system-195711. ———. “Meet Korea's First Female Ruler, Queen Seondeok.” ThoughtCo, August 18, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/queen-seondeok-of-koreas-silla-kingdom-195722. Asia Society. “The History of Korean Beauty Part 2: Goryeo Dynasty.” Accessed April 17, 2023. https://asiasociety.org/korea/history-korean-beauty-part-2-goryeo-dynasty. TOTA. “Traditional Gender Roles of Korea.” Accessed April 17, 2023. https://www.tota.world/article/107/.

Winston Churchill is probably one of the most iconic symbols of modern Britain but did you know his mom was American. Jennie Jerome was born into new American money and would start the dollar princess trend where rich American heiress would trade 5th avenue mansions for tiaras. Come learn about the incredible life of the first dollar princess. Bibliography Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “George Cornwallis-West.” Wikipedia, January 12, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Cornwallis-West. ———. “Jack Churchill (1880–1947).” Wikipedia, February 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Churchill_(1880%E2%80%931947). ———. “Jerome Mansion.” Wikipedia, May 24, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_Mansion. ———. “Lady Randolph Churchill.” Wikipedia, March 21, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Randolph_Churchill. ———. “Leonard Jerome.” Wikipedia, March 2, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Jerome. ———. “Lord Randolph Churchill.” Wikipedia, March 29, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_Randolph_Churchill. ———. “Montagu Porch.” Wikipedia, March 2, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montagu_Porch. ———. “Winston Churchill.” Wikipedia, April 4, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill. History.com. “How American ‘Dollar Princesses' Invaded British High Society.” Accessed April 6, 2023. https://www.history.com/news/american-heiress-marry-british-aristocrat. Howard, Victoria. “The American Heiresses Who Saved the British Aristocracy - Jennie Jerome, Lady Randolph Churchill.” The Crown Chronicles (blog), December 30, 2015. https://thecrownchronicles.co.uk/history/history-posts/american-heiresses-saved-british-aristocracy-jennie-jerome-lady-randolph-churchill/. pixelstorm. “90th Anniversary Talk on Jennie, Lady Randolph Churchill.” International Churchill Society, June 27, 2011. https://winstonchurchill.org/publications/churchill-bulletin/bulletin-037-jul-2011/90th-anniversary-talk-on-jennie-lady-randolph-churchill/. ———. “Jennie Churchill and Her Attempts to Be an Independent Woman.” International Churchill Society, April 3, 2017. https://winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-175/jennie-churchill-independent-woman/. ———. “Sir Winston and His Mother.” International Churchill Society, April 10, 2017. https://winstonchurchill.org/the-life-of-churchill/life/family-man/sir-winston-and-his-mother/. Scott. “Jennie Jerome, Mistress of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom.” Unofficial Royalty, November 26, 2020. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/jennie-jerome-mistress-of-king-edward-vii-of-the-united-kingdom/. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Jennie Jerome Churchill.” Encyclopedia Britannica, August 9, 1999. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jennie-Jerome-Churchill.

Compared to Queen Liliuokalani, Queen Emma gets very little attention in the grand scheme of things. Like her cousin Lili, Emma was born into Hawaiian royalty, but she hardly could have conceived that she would not only be a popular consort but also have the chance to campaign to run the kingdom in her own name. Emma was fashionable, beautiful and a true jewel of the Hawaiian royal family. Come learn about her story on today's episode. Bibliography Bloks, Moniek. “Emma of Hawaii - A Beloved Queen (Part One).” History of Royal Women, February 27, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/emma-of-hawaii/emma-of-hawaii-a-beloved-queen-part-one/. ———. “Emma of Hawaii - A Beloved Queen (Part Two).” History of Royal Women, March 6, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/hawaii/emma-of-hawaii-a-beloved-queen-part-two/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Albert Kamehameha.” Wikipedia, January 2, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Kamehameha. ———. “Fanny Kekelaokalani.” Wikipedia, September 6, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanny_Kekelaokalani. ———. “George Naea.” Wikipedia, July 11, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Naea. ———. “Grace Kamaikui.” Wikipedia, August 31, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Kamaikui. ———. “Kamehameha IV.” Wikipedia, January 12, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamehameha_IV. ———. “Queen Emma of Hawaii.” Wikipedia, December 31, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Emma_of_Hawaii. ———. “Thomas Charles Byde Rooke.” Wikipedia, November 14, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Charles_Byde_Rooke. Royal Family Hawaii. “Royal Family of Hawaii Official Website.” Accessed February 4, 2023. https://www.crownofhawaii.com/queen-emma-rs.

We're back at it again entering the Tudor era. However instead of discussing women married to Henry VIII it's time to discuss the women unfortunate enough to be related to him. Margaret was Henry VIII older sister and a force to be reckoned with. As a young girl she was married to the king of Scot's and spent her entire life navigating bloody Scottish politics while annoying the hell out of her brother in the process. Bloks, Moniek. “Margaret Tudor - The Thistle.” History of Royal Women, January 9, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/margaret-tudor/margaret-tudor-the-thistle/. Cartwright, Mark. “James V of Scotland.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed January 19, 2023. https://www.worldhistory.org/James_V_of_Scotland/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus.” Wikipedia, January 6, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archibald_Douglas,_6th_Earl_of_Angus. ———. “Elizabeth of York.” Wikipedia, January 13, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_of_York. ———. “Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven.” Wikipedia, November 12, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Stewart,_1st_Lord_Methven. ———. “Henry VII of England.” Wikipedia, January 18, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VII_of_England. ———. “Margaret Tudor.” Wikipedia, December 15, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Tudor. Elton, Matt. “The Forgotten Tudor: Margaret Tudor, Sister of Henry VIII.” HistoryExtra, August 7, 2020. https://www.historyextra.com/period/tudor/margaret-tudor-the-forgotten-tudor/. King James IV of Scotland. “History of the Stewarts.” Accessed January 19, 2023. https://www.stewartsociety.org/history-of-the-stewarts.cfm?section=famous-stewarts&subcatid=17&histid=158. cldyson. “Margaret Tudor Queen of Scotland Facts & Biography,” February 10, 2015. https://englishhistory.net/tudor/relative/margaret-tudor/. Margaret Douglas: The other Tudor princess. “The History Press.” Accessed January 19, 2023. https://www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/margaret-douglas-the-other-tudor-princess/. Margaret Douglas: The other Tudor princess. “The History Press.” Accessed January 19, 2023. https://www.thehistorypress.co.uk/articles/margaret-douglas-the-other-tudor-princess/.

Queen Zabel of Armenia is a little-known, often-forgotten reigning queen due to her short life and the lack of information on her. However, in her short life, she became a very successful first queen of the Armenian crusader state but also suffered much tragedy as a child queen in a world of complex crusade politics. Join me to learn about Zabel's complicated life. Bibliography Alvarez, Sandra. “The Crusaders through Armenian Eyes.” Medievalists.net, July 12, 2011. https://www.medievalists.net/2011/07/the-crusaders-through-armenian-eyes/. Encyclopedia Britannica. “Armenia,” July 26, 1999. https://www.britannica.com/place/Armenia/The-marzpans. Avetisyan, Vigen. “The Traditional Armenian Wedding Dress.” Art-A-Tsolum, July 9, 2020. https://allinnet.info/culture/the-traditional-armenian-wedding-dress/. Bloks, Moniek. “Queens Regnant - Isabella, Queen of Armenia.” History of Royal Women, February 15, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/the-queens-regnant-series/queens-regnant-isabella-queen-of-armenia/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.” Wikipedia, December 9, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia. ———. “Hethum I of Armenia.” Wikipedia, June 13, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hethum_I_of_Armenia. ———. “Isabella, Queen of Armenia.” Wikipedia, August 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella,_Queen_of_Armenia. ———. “Leo I, King of Armenia.” Wikipedia, October 8, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_I,_King_of_Armenia. ———. “Leo II, King of Armenia.” Wikipedia, June 12, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_II,_King_of_Armenia. ———. “Philip of Antioch.” Wikipedia, March 15, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_of_Antioch. ———. “Rubenids.” Wikipedia, February 15, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubenids. ———. “Sibylla of Cyprus.” Wikipedia, December 20, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibylla_of_Cyprus. ———. “Stephanie of Armenia.” Wikipedia, January 19, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephanie_of_Armenia. Smithsonian Folklife Festival. “Hopa! Rituals and Symbols of an Armenian Wedding.” Accessed December 28, 2022. https://festival.si.edu/blog/rituals-symbols-armenian-wedding-celebration.

Grand Duchess Marie has often been called the grandest of the grand duchess's and boy did she certainly earn that title. Marie was a breath of sophisticated air to the Russian court and she kept her composure even in hardships like the Russian Revolution. Join me to learn about her fascinating life. Bloks, Moniek. “Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin - ‘A Grand Duchess to Her Fingertips.'” History of Royal Women, June 12, 2020. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/marie-of-mecklenburg-schwerin/marie-of-mecklenburg-schwerin-a-grand-duchess-to-her-fingertips/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.” Wikipedia, November 18, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchess_Marie_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin. ———. “Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.” Wikipedia, October 31, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Francis_II,_Grand_Duke_of_Mecklenburg-Schwerin. ———. “Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia.” Wikipedia, October 31, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchess_Elena_Vladimirovna_of_Russia. ———. “Grand Duke Andrei Vladimirovich of Russia.” Wikipedia, October 3, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duke_Andrei_Vladimirovich_of_Russia. ———. “Grand Duke Boris Vladimirovich of Russia.” Wikipedia, October 3, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duke_Boris_Vladimirovich_of_Russia. ———. “Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia.” Wikipedia, December 17, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duke_Kirill_Vladimirovich_of_Russia. ———. “Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia.” Wikipedia, December 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duke_Vladimir_Alexandrovich_of_Russia. ———. “Princess Augusta Reuss of Köstritz.” Wikipedia, October 31, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess_Augusta_Reuss_of_K%C3%B6stritz. liamfoley63. “Life of Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Later Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia the Elder).” European Royal History, November 27, 2019. https://europeanroyalhistory.wordpress.com/2019/11/27/life-of-duchess-marie-of-mecklenburg-schwerin-later-grand-duchess-maria-pavlovna-of-russia-the-elder/. Scott. “Augusta Reuss of Köstritz, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.” Unofficial Royalty, January 29, 2018. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/augusta-reuss-of-kostritz-grand-duchess-of-mecklenburg-schwerin/. Susan. “Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia.” Unofficial Royalty, July 20, 2018. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/marie-of-mecklenburg-schwerin-grand-duchess-maria-pavlovna-of-russia/.

Ingeborg of Denmark probably thought her life wouldn't amount to much until she scored the marriage alliance of a lifetime with the King of France, but less than a few days after her wedding, her new husband was demanding a divorce, and Ingeborg would spend the next few decades of her life defending her place as the rightful Queen of France! Bibliography Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Canute VI of Denmark.” Wikipedia, December 10, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canute_VI_of_Denmark. ———. “Ingeborg of Denmark, Queen of France.” Wikipedia, December 9, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeborg_of_Denmark,_Queen_of_France#cite_note-8. ———. “Philip II of France.” Wikipedia, November 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_France. ———. “Sophia of Minsk.” Wikipedia, December 15, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophia_of_Minsk. ———. “Valdemar I of Denmark.” Wikipedia, November 18, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdemar_I_of_Denmark. ———. “Valdemar II of Denmark.” Wikipedia, December 4, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdemar_II_of_Denmark. History... the interesting bits! “Ingeborg of Denmark – History… the Interesting Bits!” Accessed December 16, 2022. https://historytheinterestingbits.com/tag/ingeborg-of-denmark/. The Freelance History Writer. “Ingeborg of Denmark, Queen of France,” April 1, 2016. https://thefreelancehistorywriter.com/2016/04/01/ingeborg-of-denmark-queen-of-france/. liamfoley63liamfoley63. “Ingeborg of Denmark – European Royal History.” European Royal History. Accessed December 16, 2022. https://europeanroyalhistory.wordpress.com/tag/ingeborg-of-denmark/. Teaching, Center for, and Learning at Columbia University. “Epistolae.” Epistolae. Accessed December 16, 2022. https://epistolae.ctl.columbia.edu/woman/68.html. The Creative Historian. “Unlucky Princesses: Ingeborg of Denmark,” August 14, 2018. https://www.creativehistorian.co.uk/blog/read_185817/unlucky-princesses-ingeborg-of-denmark.html.

Abigail Adams is often a name heard after you mention her husband John Adams but she was so much more than the wife of a president. Abigail was a forward thinking woman who wanted better for her children and was staunch abolitionist. Join me and my first ever podcast collab guests Aubrey and Emily of the National Treasure Hunt podcast to hear the story of this amazing woman. Abigail Adams – History's Women.” Accessed December 15, 2022. https://historyswomen.com/early-america/abigail-adams/. “Abigail Adams Biography :: National First Ladies' Library.” Accessed December 15, 2022. http://www.firstladies.org/biographies/firstladies.aspx?biography=2. The White House. “Abigail Smith Adams,” January 12, 2021. https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/first-families/abigail-smith-adams/. The National Women's Hall of Fame. “Adams, Abigail - National Women's Hall of Fame,” February 20, 2015. https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/abigail-adams/. Biography. “Abigail Adams.” Biography, April 28, 2017. https://www.biography.com/us-first-lady/abigail-adams. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Abigail Adams.” Wikipedia, December 4, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abigail_Adams. ———. “John Adams.” Wikipedia, December 15, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Adams. History.com Editors. “Abigail Adams.” HISTORY, October 27, 2009. https://www.history.com/topics/first-ladies/abigail-adams. 5 April 1776. “Letter from Abigail Adams to John Adams, 31 March.” Accessed December 15, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/digitaladams/archive/doc?id=L17760331aa.

As African countries go, Ethiopia has always been a place I have known very little about, but I was fascinated to find that the country's ancient monarchy has had just one women rule independently. Empress Zewditu is incredibly underrated in her own country and in world history so I feel as if it is time to bring her story alive and learn all about Ethiopia's only female ruler! Bloks, Moniek. “Empress Taytu of Ethiopia - The Founder of Addis Ababa.” History of Royal Women, October 14, 2019. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/taytu-of-ethiopia/empress-taytu-of-ethiopia-the-founder-of-addis-ababa/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Araya Selassie Yohannes.” Wikipedia, September 27, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araya_Selassie_Yohannes. ———. “Ethiopian Empire.” Wikipedia, November 24, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_Empire. ———. “Gugsa Welle.” Wikipedia, August 29, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugsa_Welle. ———. “Haile Selassie.” Wikipedia. Accessed December 3, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haile_Selassie. ———. “Lij Iyasu.” Wikipedia, November 12, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lij_Iyasu. ———. “Menelik II.” Wikipedia, November 28, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menelik_II. ———. “Traditional Education in Ethiopia.” Wikipedia, August 14, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_education_in_Ethiopia. ———. “Yohannes IV.” Wikipedia, December 3, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yohannes_IV. ———. “Zewditu.” Wikipedia, September 16, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zewditu. Dan, Major. “The Last Empress in the World (A Real African Game of Thrones).” History and Headlines, April 2, 2020. https://www.historyandheadlines.com/the-last-empress-in-the-world-a-real-african-game-of-thrones/. Cultural Atlas. “Ethiopian Culture - Family.” Accessed December 3, 2022. https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/ethiopian-culture/ethiopian-culture-family. New World Encyclopedia. “Ethiopian Empire.” Accessed December 3, 2022. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Ethiopian_Empire. MadMonarchist. “Monarch Profile: Empress Zewditu of Ethiopia.” Accessed December 3, 2022. http://madmonarchist.blogspot.com/2009/07/monarch-profile-empress-zewditu-of.html. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/empress-zewditu-1876-1930

If you don't know who Anna May Wong your missing out on by far one of the most interesting Hollywood stars I have ever read about. Anna was a second generation Chinese American who came from humble beginnings to become one of the most popular Asian actresses of her time. Anna faced a great amount of racism and typecasting in her career but persevered and made a truly great name for herself that is only recently being recognized. Come join me to learn about her life and work on today's episode. Works Cited Alexander, Kerri Lee. Biography: Anna May Wong, www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/anna-may-wong. “Anna May Wong.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Sept. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_May_Wong. “Anna May Wong.” Biography.com, A&E Networks Television, 11 May 2021, www.biography.com/actor/anna-may-wong. Gonzales, Erica. “'Hollywood' Tries to Right Anna May Wong's Story-Here's What Really Happened.” Harper's BAZAAR, Harper's BAZAAR, 25 Aug. 2022, www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/film-tv/a32346961/who-is-anna-may-wong-hollywood-star/. Liu, Nathan, and Nathan Liu. “Why Do We Remember Anna May Wong?” Asian CineVision, 10 May 2021, www.asiancinevision.org/why-do-we-remember-anna-may-wong/. Pahle, Rebecca. “12 Facts About Anna May Wong.” Mental Floss, Mental Floss, 4 Mar. 2022, www.mentalfloss.com/article/655778/anna-may-wong-facts. Shirley J. Lim Professor of History. “After Hollywood Thwarted Anna May Wong, the Actress Took Matters into Her Own Hands.” The Conversation, 13 Sept. 2022, theconversation.com/after-hollywood-thwarted-anna-may-wong-the-actress-took-matters-into-her-own-hands-175998. “The Toll of the Sea.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Sept. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Toll_of_the_Sea.

The fall of the Aztecs and the rise of the Spanish in Mexico was a traumatic experience for the people that lived it, especially for Isabella Montezuma. Isabella, originally born as Tecuichpoch Ichcaxochitzin, was the most beloved daughter of Emperor Montezuma, but her life all came crashing down when the Spanish arrived. For the next few decades of her life, Isabella strives to conform to the new society forced on her and watches six husbands come and go throughout her lifetime. Come join me to learn about the life of the last Aztec empress. Works Cited The Last Mexica Princess (2), www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/moctezuma/last-mexica-princess-2. The Last Mexica Princess (1), www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/moctezuma/last-mexica-princess-1. Aztec Education, aztecsandtenochtitlan.com/aztec-civilisation/aztec-education/. Aztec Women, www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/home/aztec-women. Metmuseum.org, www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/teno_1/hd_teno_1.htm#:~:text=At the time of the,as many as 200,000 inhabitants. “Alonso De Grado.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 6 July 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alonso_de_Grado. “Aztec Daily Life.” HISTORY CRUNCH - History Articles, Biographies, Infographics, Resources and More, www.historycrunch.com/aztec-daily-life.html#/. “Cuauhtémoc.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 4 June 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuauhtémoc. “Cuitláhuac.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 1 June 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuitláhuac. Dhwty. “Isabel Moctezuma: The Last Aztec Princess.” Ancient Origins, Ancient Origins, 30 June 2021, www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/isabel-moctezuma-0015222. Harris, Marea, and Marea Harris Marea Harris is one of the authors writing for The Vintage News. “The Amazing Survival Story of the Last Aztec Empress.” Thevintagenews, 10 Oct. 2018, www.thevintagenews.com/2018/08/22/isabel-moctezuma/?chrome=1. History.com Editors. “Hernán Cortés.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 9 Nov. 2009, www.history.com/topics/exploration/hernan-cortes. “Isabel Moctezuma.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 7 June 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_Moctezuma. “Leonor Cortés Moctezuma.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 25 July 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonor_Cortés_Moctezuma. “Moctezuma II.” Aztec History, www.aztec-history.com/moctezuma-ii.html. “Teotlalco.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 23 Mar. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teotlalco. Chipman, Donald E. Moctezuma's Children: Aztec Royalty under Spanish Rule, 1520–1700. University of Texas Press, 2005. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7560/706286. Accessed 14 Sep. 2022.

Queen Fred has a nasty reputation in history, from accusations of murder to a blood feud with her sister-in-law that lasted decades, and an infamous fight with her daughter, Fred, has been through the wringer. But was she really as bad as we think she is? Kinda.  However, in this house, we support women's wrongs; join me and my bestie Lindsay in my season five premiere to talk about this badass dark ages queen. Brunhilda of Austrasia.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 24 June 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunhilda_of_Austrasia. “Chilperic I.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 3 Aug. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilperic_I. “Chlothar II.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 3 Aug. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlothar_II. Dpogden. The Trident, 5 Apr. 2021, sites.owu.edu/trident/2021/03/28/the-ballad-of-brunhilde-and-fredegund-part-one-the-royal-rumble-begins/. “Fredegund.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 3 Sept. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fredegund. “Fredegund.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/biography/Fredegund. “Fredegund.” Biography Articles & Resources, YOURDICTIONARY, biography.yourdictionary.com/fredegund. “Fredegund.” Badass of the Week, www.badassoftheweek.com/fredegund. “Fredegund: Assassination-Obsessed Queen.” Rejected Princesses, www.rejectedprincesses.com/princesses/fredegund. Gabrielle. “Fredegund: The Assassin Queen.” FrumiousReads, 25 Jan. 2022, www.frumiousreads.com/post/fredegund-the-assassin-queen. Sanger, Katherine. “Fredegund: Vicious Tyrant or Average Merovingian Royal?” HubPages, HubPages, 19 Aug. 2012, hubpages.com/politics/Fredegund-Vicious-Tyrant-or-Average-Merovingian-Royal. PUHAK, SHELLEY. DARK QUEENS: the Bloody Rivalry That Forged the Medieval World. BLOOMSBURY, 2023.

Lucrezia Borgia has gone down In history with a pretty bad rep. From murder accusations to incest accusations, this girl never gets a break. In reality, Lucrezia was a political pawn used by her father to establish her low-key Italian mobster family. In today's episode, see how this little girl went from an irrelevant illegitimate child to a reported murderer and Italian Duchess. 08, Samantha Henman | Apr, et al. “Infamous Facts About Lucrezia Borgia, The Black Widow Of Rome.” Factinate, 25 Feb. 2022, www.factinate.com/people/facts-lucrezia-borgia/. Adhamy, Amir. “Lucrezia Borgia: Is Her Bad Reputation Deserved?” Lucrezia Borgia: Is Her Bad Reputation Deserved?, 11 Apr. 2022, www.historyextra.com/period/renaissance/lucrezia-borgia-reputation-adulteress-pope-alexander-vi/. “Alfonso I D'Este, Duke of Ferrara.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 15 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_I_d'Este,_Duke_of_Ferrara. “Alfonso of Aragon (1481–1500).” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 7 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_of_Aragon_(1481–1500). “Giovanni Sforza.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 4 Feb. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Sforza. “House of Borgia.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 30 Apr. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Borgia. “Lucrezia Borgia.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 11 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucrezia_Borgia. “Lucrezia Borgia.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/biography/Lucrezia-Borgia. “Lucrezia Borgia Biography.” Encyclopedia of World Biography, www.notablebiographies.com/Be-Br/Borgia-Lucrezia.html. “Pope Alexander VI.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 12 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_VI. Shelton, Denise. “Vixen or Victim? The Truth About Lucrezia Borgia.” Medium, History of Yesterday, 10 Aug. 2021, historyofyesterday.com/victim-or-vixen-the-truth-about-lucrezia-borgia-f5015102ad1c. “Vannozza Dei Cattanei.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Jan. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vannozza_dei_Cattanei.

Nanyehi is perhaps one of the most impressive leaders I have ever come across. As a teenager she lept into battle while her husband was shot down and under the Cherokee title of “ Beloved Woman” tried to negotiate the independence of her people from increasing European incursions onto their land. Come listen to her incredible story on today's episode! Works Cited “Attakullakulla.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 3 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attakullakulla. Lashley, Larry J, et al. “Nancy Ward.” History of American Women, 2 Apr. 2017, www.womenhistoryblog.com/2008/11/nanyehi-nancy-ward.html. “Life Story: Nanyehi Nancy Ward.” Women & the American Story, 18 June 2021, wams.nyhistory.org/settler-colonialism-and-revolution/the-american-revolution/nanyehi-nancy-ward/. “MY DREAM.” About Nancy Ward (NANYEHI), www.nanyehi.com/about-nanyehi.html. “Nancy Ward.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 10 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Ward. “Nancy Ward.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/biography/Nancy-Ward. “Nancy Ward.” Biography, biography.yourdictionary.com/nancy-ward. “Nancy Ward.” Brooklyn Museum: Nancy Ward, www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/nancy_ward. Schettino, Caroline Klibanoff and Allyson. “This 17-Year-Old Girl Was Once a Leader of The Cherokee Nation.” Teen Vogue, 30 Nov. 2020, www.teenvogue.com/story/who-was-nanyehi-nancy-ward. Smith, David Ray. “Ward, Nancy.” Tennessee Encyclopedia, Tennessee Historical Society, 1 Mar. 2018, tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/nancy-ward/.

Queen Salote started out as an unlikely heir to the throne of Tonga. Her parent's marriage was unpopular with the people, so Salote grew up isolated and ignored until she ascended the throne as a young teenager who was determined to be the best queen she could be. It was through her efforts in Tonga and abroad during WWII that Tonga began to prosper and rise on the international stage. Making Salote one of the most popular rulers in Tongan history. Come listen to the story of this iconic Pacific Queen who fought for women's rights, the culture of Tonga and managed to defy imperial japan. Become a Paid Subscriber: https://anchor.fm/ayden-fitzgerald/subscribe. Works Cited “." Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. . Encyclopedia.com. 26 Apr. 2022 .” Encyclopedia.com, Encyclopedia.com, 15 May 2022, www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/salote-topou-iii-1900-1965. Brierley, Mark. “From the Archives: Queen Salote of Tonga.” Royal Over-Seas League (ROSL), www.rosl.org.uk/rosl_news/517-from-the-archives-queen-salote-of-tonga. “Coronations in Oceania.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 29 Apr. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronations_in_Oceania. “George Tupou II.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 2 Mar. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Tupou_II. “Lavinia Veiongo.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Mar. 2021, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavinia_Veiongo#CITEREFWood-Ellem1999. “List of Monarchs of Tonga.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 4 Mar. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Tonga. “Queen Sālote Tupou II.” Girl Museum, 16 Jan. 2022, www.girlmuseum.org/encyclopedia/queen-salote-tupou-ii/. Saad719, ~. “Queen in Tonga, 1953.” The Royal Watcher, 18 Dec. 2017, royalwatcherblog.com/2017/12/19/queen-in-tonga-1953/. Susan, and Susan. “Queen Sālote Tupou III of Tonga.” Unofficial Royalty, 3 July 2021, www.unofficialroyalty.com/queen-salote-tupou-iii-of-tonga/. “Sālote Tupou III.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Mar. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sālote_Tupou_III. “Tonga Country Profile.” BBC News, BBC, 17 Jan. 2022, www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-16197014. “Viliami Tungī Mailefihi.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Apr. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viliami_Tungī_Mailefihi. “Women's Rights in Tonga.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Mar. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women's_rights_in_Tonga#:~:text=Women within Tonga have had,allowing this right in 1951. Www.facebook.com/historyofroyalwomen. “Queens Regnant - Sālote Tupou III of Tonga.” History of Royal Women, 12 June 2020, www.historyofroyalwomen.com/tonga/queens-regnant-salote-tupou-iii/. admin@pxp200.com, et al. “Tongan Wedding Traditions.” Polynesia.com | Blog, 20 Nov. 2020, www.polynesia.com/blog/a-tongan-wedding-courtship-and-marriage-on-the-isle-of-tonga

Mary duchess of burgundy was perhaps one of the most eligible bachelorettes of her time. She had one of the most desirable inheritances in Europe and she yet she managed to marry for love but is sadly overshadowed by her husband Maximillian. In her time as duchess she effectively lead her people against invaders and increased the wealth of her land becoming known as the rich duchess. Come and learn about this fascinating woman who would end up being the mother of the Hapsburg dynasty. Anderson, Natalie. “The Women around an Emperor: Mary of Burgundy.” Medievalists.net, 19 Jan. 2018, www.medievalists.net/2018/01/women-around-emperor-mary-burgundy/. “Charles the Bold.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 2 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_the_Bold. “Isabella of Bourbon.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Feb. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_of_Bourbon. “Mary.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-duchess-of-Burgundy. “Mary of Burgundy.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 12 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_of_Burgundy. “Mary, Duchess of Burgundy / Useful Notes.” TV Tropes, tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/UsefulNotes/MaryDuchessOfBurgundy. “Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 11 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor. Medievalists.net. “Mary, Duchess of Burgundy.” Medievalists.net, 17 Jan. 2016, www.medievalists.net/2014/01/mary-duchess-of-burgundy/. “Who Was Mary of Burgundy? Everything You Need to Know.” Mary Of Burgundy Biography - Facts, Childhood, Family Life & Achievements, www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/mary-of-burgundy-38218.php. Www.facebook.com/historyofroyalwomen. “Mary, Duchess of Burgundy - The Rich Duchess.” History of Royal Women, 13 July 2021, www.historyofroyalwomen.com/mary-of-burgundy/mary-duchess-of-burgundy-the-rich-duchess/.

Alice Roosevelt was by far one of the most iconic first daughters to enter the White House. Alice started off life partially orphaned and raised in an environment with a domineering stepmother. She would go on to cause scandal after scandal, from smoking on the White House roof to scaring people with her pet snake. Alice was a true American princess and an absolute icon. Special thanks to @lilencius for my intro “Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 25 Apr. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Hathaway_Lee_Roosevelt. “Alice Roosevelt Longworth.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Apr. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Roosevelt_Longworth. “Alice Roosevelt Longworth.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/biography/Alice-Roosevelt-Longworth. “Alice Roosevelt Longworth.” TR Center - Longworth, Alice Lee Roosevelt, www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Learn-About-TR/TR-Encyclopedia/Family-and-Friends/Alice-Lee-Roosevelt-Longworth.aspx. “Alice Roosevelt Longworth (U.S. National Park Service).” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, www.nps.gov/people/alice-roosevelt-longworth.htm. “Alice Roosevelt: TR's Little Girl.” Presidential History Blog, 28 Feb. 2018, featherfoster.wordpress.com/2014/08/01/alice-roosevelt-trs-little-girl/. Brandis, Alex. “‘The Other Washington Monument': Alice Roosevelt Longworth.” Historic America, Historic America, 13 Apr. 2021, www.historicamerica.org/journal/2021/3/23/the-other-washington-monument-alice-roosevelt-longworthx. Dickey, Amy, et al. “9 Things You Should Know about Alice Roosevelt, the Nations Most Iconic First Daughter.” Sandboxx, 14 Apr. 2021, www.sandboxx.us/blog/9-things-you-should-know-about-alice-roosevelt-the-nations-most-iconic-first-daughter/. “Nicholas Longworth.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 19 Jan. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Longworth. Silverman, Leah. “Wild Child Alice Roosevelt: The First Daughter Who Proverbially Brought Down The White House.” All That's Interesting, All That's Interesting, 12 July 2021, allthatsinteresting.com/alice-roosevelt-longworth. “Theodore Roosevelt.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Apr. 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt. Wilkinson, Annie. “Theodore Roosevelt's Daughter, Alice, Was the Original Political 'It Girl'.” LI Press, 20 Dec. 2021, www.longislandpress.com/2021/12/20/theodore-roosevelts-daughter-alice-was-the-original-political-it-girl

Throughout the history of the Ottoman Empire many influential women have lobbied for power and influence over the sultans but few did it better than Hurrem Sultan. Originally born somewhere in Poland and captured into slavery Hurrem worked her way up to becoming the beloved wife of the empire's most powerful Sultan. Works Cited You Are Being Redirected..., thetempest.co/2021/09/26/history/historical-badasses/hurrem-sultan/. 4, Lyndsey Jenkins January, and Lyndsey Jenkins. “Hurrem Sultan as the First Haseki of the Ottoman Empire by Zhara Adal.” Women's History Network, 17 Dec. 2021, womenshistorynetwork.org/hurrem-sultan-as-the-first-haseki-of-the-ottoman-empire-by-zhara-adal/. Afyoncu, Erhan. “Origin of Hürrem Sultan Still Hotly Debated in 21st Century.” Daily Sabah, Daily Sabah, 7 Feb. 2019, www.dailysabah.com/feature/2019/02/08/origin-of-hurrem-sultan-still-hotly-debated-in-21st-century. Ekinci, Ekrem Buğra. “Hürrem Sultan: A Beloved Wife or Master Manipulator?” Daily Sabah, Daily Sabah, 8 Jan. 2015, www.dailysabah.com/feature/2015/01/09/hurrem-sultan-a-beloved-wife-or-master-manipulator?gallery_image=undefined#big. “Hurrem Sultan.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 May 2022, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurrem_Sultan. “Hurrem Sultan: The Sultan's Concubine Who Became Queen.” TheCollector, 30 Dec. 2021, www.thecollector.com/hurrem-sultan-concubine-to-queen/. Jacks, Lauralee, et al. “Hurrem Sultan - Suleiman's True Love.” History of Royal Women, 11 Aug. 2021, www.historyofroyalwomen.com/hurrem-sultan/hurrem-sultan-suleimans-true-love/. Madden, Thomas F. “The Woman Who Smashed a Glass Ceiling in the 16th Century.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 22 Nov. 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/11/22/books/review/leslie-peirce-empress-of-the-east-roxelana-hurrem-sultan.html. “Roxelana.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/biography/Roxelana. Szczepanski, Kallie. “Biography of Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.” ThoughtCo, ThoughtCo, 15 May 2019, www.thoughtco.com/suleiman-the-magnificent-195757.