Podcasts about Germanicus

LONDINIUM 91 A.D.: Roman Siege Tactics and Russian Attrition: A Study in Political Vengeance and War Strategy Gaius (John Batchelor) and Germanicus (Michael Vlahos) Gaius and Germanicus open by discussing fresh swan meat in Londinium before moving to the main topic of political vengeance, noting that Romans recognize it while American editorialists are discovering it afresh due to Emperor Trump. They review the war in Ukraine, where Russians are employing a strategy of attrition to achieve the collapse of the Ukrainian army. Germanicus explains that Ukraine's strategy of refusing to retreat has led to disproportionate losses and the encirclement of up to 10,000 soldiers in "cauldrons" near Pokrovsk and Kupyansk. Gaius relates this situation to successful Roman siege tactics used at Carthage and Jerusalem. Historically, the reward for Roman soldiers breaking a siege was to ransack the city, causing the prices of gold and slaves to plummet. Germanicus asserts, however, that the Russians are taking pains to signal that leveling cities is not their way, emphasizing mercy due to the kinship between the two related peoples. The hosts also mention the delay of a summit involving Vladimir Putin and Mr. Trump's proposed Greco-Roman style building at the White House. 80 BCE SULLA SACKS ROME

LONDINIUM 91 A.D.: The Emperor's Legacy: Debating Trump's Greco-Roman White House Addition Gaius (John Batchelor) and Germanicus (Michael Vlahos) Gaius and Germanicus discuss the proposed 90,000 square foot Greco-Roman casino-style building intended for the White House, which the Washington Post endorsed, calling the current need to erect tents on the South Lawn an embarrassment. Gaius notes that changes to the White House traditionally draw large protests, citing Jefferson and Jackie Kennedy. He compares Mr. Trump, who has no claim to royalty, to the Flavians (Vespasian and Titus), who were business-class provincials yet built the Colosseum, the symbol of Rome. Germanicus explains that it is the prerogative of the emperor to leave a physical legacy, a tradition dating back to Augustus, who transformed Rome from a city of brick to one of marble. He argues that official architecture in Washington, D.C., follows this majestic imperial Greco-Roman tradition, cemented by Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Gaius reveals that the current White House is actually a complete 1950s reproduction, rebuilt under Truman after structural deficiencies were discovered. Finally, they discuss Mr. Trump's desire for a moon landing before leaving office, viewing it as part of his mission to restore American greatness and secure a significant legacy. 1902 ROME

LONDINIUM 91 AD. Political Revenge: Comparing Modern American Vendettas to Roman Gore Gaius (John Batchelor) and Germanicus (Michael Vlahos) The conversation focuses on the nature of political revenge, prompted by the revival of Seneca's bloody revenge play Octavia. Gaius expresses astonishment that editorialists appear surprised by Mr. Trump seeking vengeance against those who attempted to jail him, noting that revenge is inherent to the Roman and American empires. Germanicus states he is only surprised that the opposing party refuses to confess to similar actions, citing historical Democratic precedents such as the Palmer raids under Wilson and successful efforts against Richard Nixon. He calls the opposition's outrage a "forked tongue expression," noting the unjustified high-security incarceration of individuals for minor offenses following the 2020 events. Gaius observes that the opposition employs false piety and melodrama—such as claiming democracy faces an existential crisis—in place of historical understanding. Germanicus argues that political bitterness and high levels of lying stem from the opposition's belief that they represent light and truth, leading to the "othering" of the enemy. This dehumanization means that lying becomes perceived as an act of virtue. The hosts conclude that while Roman political revenge sometimes involved preemptively wiping out one's own family, the current American conflict represents a comparatively mild cupcake tyranny. 1883 CATO SUICIDE

LONDINIUM 91 AD. Carthage, Gaza, and the Risk of Unhealable Imperial Wounds. Gaius and Germanicus open by reviewing recent international news, including a major ceasefire signing hosted by Mr. Trump and proposals for US-Russia talks in Budapest, moderated by Mr. Orbán. The conversation pivots to the analogy between the Roman destruction and subsequent revival of Carthage and the modern conflict in Gaza. Despite being destroyed in 146 BCE, Carthage became prosperous and essential to the Western Roman Empire's bread basket centuries later. Gaza, however, is a "wholly symbolic artifact of contention." Germanicus observes that Israel's dependence on the US to preserve its vision, which currently requires the emptying and incorporation of Gaza, tests the West's moral standards regarding the conduct of war. The hosts discuss whether reconciliation can occur over historical time. However, if Israel forces an expulsion of the people of Gaza—mirroring what the Romans did to Israel—the resulting transgression will be so great that the wound will become "codified in the very identity of the people who were wronged" and never heal. This unforgiven wrong risks the long-term disappearance of the US and Israel, much like how the memory of the Roman presence in North Africa was "expunged and wiped away." 1569 LONDINIUM

The Oligarchic Motives Behind the "No Kings" Protest. Gaius and Germanicus, speaking from Londinium, discuss the contemporary "No Kings" protest occurring across the American Empire, noting the young people involved are protesting the outcome and subsequent actions taken following the 2024 democratic vote. While Gaius sees the protest as amateurish, Germanicus finds it rooted in deep ignorance. Germanicus emphasizes that kingship is profoundly alien to both the Roman experience (which was founded on the overthrow of kings) and the American experience, pointing out that even a Roman emperor would never call himself a king. The true American Revolution was a rebellion against Parliament, not King George III. The element that is truly sinister, however, is not the youthful protestors but the oligarchy that created the enterprise. This elite class, which feels entitled to rule and controls the ruling institutions, is threatened by the rise of "big men" (like Crassus or Pompey) supported by populism. The "No Kings" metaphor is an absurd and ahistorical tactic used by the threatened oligarchy to quash this popular movement. The hosts then turn to debating the necessity of moving the American Empire's capital, as DC's usefulness is outworn. 1582 OTHO

DC's Decline and the Search for a New Imperial Capital. Gaius and Germanicus debate where the new capital of the American Empire should be located, noting that Washington, D.C., is losing its usefulness. This parallels the Roman abandonment of Rome when it became indefensible and the imperial economy shifted east, leading Constantine to establish Constantinople. DC is troubled by a bypassed population and a shrinking federal workforce, partly due to the consolidation of AI data centers in Virginia. A shift in the capital would symbolize a dramatic transformation of American identity. Germanicus suggests Miami as a potential new capital because it already serves as the entrepôt for Latin America, fitting a potential "America First" hemispheric identity. This focus aligns with the large Hispanic influx and the migration of Northerners into strong Southern states like Florida and Texas. Just as DC was originally situated midway between the North and South colonies, the new capital must be centered where North and South meet to cement a new identity. The hosts anticipate a future hemispheric alliance where America becomes a fortress and a startup for a billion people in the 22nd century. 1712 CAESAR Retry

The American Empire, Israeli Ethos, and the Carthaginian Peace Gaius (John Batchelor) and Germanicus (Michael Vlahos) discuss the enduring influence of the Roman Empire on the American Empire. Their immediate topic is the situation in Gaza, which Gaius defines as a "Carthaginian peace"—total destruction of the enemy, mirroring Rome's leveling of Carthage in 146 B.C.E. Germanicus posits that this outcome results from the convergence of Israeli and U.S. sensibilities. Israel is driven by the axiom Carthago delenda est (Cato the Elder's decree that Carthage must be destroyed), viewing a successful Palestinian state as intolerable. The U.S. is similarly steeped in the ruthless Roman way of war, pursuing victory to complete destruction, a tradition reflected in conflicts like World War II and the destruction of Mosul against the Islamic State. The Israeli ethos, rooted in narratives of destruction visited upon them by figures like Titus and Hadrian, now embraces the spirit of destruction itself. The American imperial ruthlessness, exemplified by historical figures like Robert McNamara, stems from a fierce Calvinist wrath that aligns well with the Zionist narrative. Although the result appears visually and structurally to be a Carthaginian peace, the survival of some Gazans is attributed to a countervailing American vision of the U.S. as a "redeemer nation." The speakers plan to next discuss revenge lawfare, which Cicero practiced. 1907 CARTHAGE

      Roman Revisionism and the Crisis of the American Republic Gaius and Germanicus discuss the 21st-century revisionism of Rome, which they find entertaining, noting that it presents figures like Domitian as successful and Nero as misunderstood. They counter the revisionist view that the Roman Republic was vital by asserting that Rome was perpetually embroiled in civil war until the ultimate resolution by an emperor. This leads to the central question of whether the American Republic is in a late stage heading toward an emperor. They debate whether political strife signals societal vitality or decadence, noting that while conflict in U.S. history was sometimes resolved by figures like Franklin Delano Roosevelt or McKinley, the late Roman Republic required the intervention of "big men" like the triumvirates (Pompey and Caesar). The speakers suggest the current American political structure and unsustainable economic inequality may require a major adjustment, echoing the Roman path. They conclude by heading off to make a sacrifice to the great god Augustus. 1876 NERO AND TORCHES FOR CHRISTIANS

*** VIDEO EN NUESTRO CANAL DE YOUTUBE **** https://youtube.com/live/oUNUBOTFifo +++++ Hazte con nuestras camisetas en https://www.bhmshop.app +++++#Historia #Roma #ImperioRomano ️ Trajano: El Mejor Emperador de Roma – con David Soria Molina En este nuevo episodio de Bellumartis Historia Militar, nos acompaña el historiador David Soria Molina, autor del aclamado libro "Trajano. El mejor emperador" ** https://amzn.to/4iEiAZS **, para adentrarnos en la vida, campañas y legado de uno de los grandes titanes del Imperio romano: Marco Ulpio Trajano. Desde su nacimiento en la Bética hasta sus victorias en Dacia y su muerte en Oriente, analizamos su trayectoria como militar, administrador y símbolo del poder romano. El emperador hispano que alcanzó la máxima expansión del Imperio no fue solo un conquistador, sino también un constructor de imperios, de monumentos... y de memoria. Descubre con nosotros las claves geopolíticas de su reinado, sus decisiones militares, su propaganda visual y cómo su figura marcó para siempre la historia de Roma. Con David Soria Molina abordamos: - Las guerras dácicas y la monumental columna que las inmortaliza - La campaña en Mesopotamia frente al Imperio parto - La ideología imperial traianea y su reflejo en la arquitectura - Su legado político y militar en el imaginario romano Un episodio imprescindible para comprender el auge del poder romano en su cénit. ⚔️ BELLUMARTIS HISTORIA MILITAR Donde la historia cobra vida a través de la guerra. Suscríbete y acompáñanos en este viaje al corazón del Imperio. COMPRA EN AMAZON CON EL ENLACE DE BHM Y AYUDANOS ************** https://amzn.to/3ZXUGQl ************* Si queréis apoyar a Bellumartis Historia Militar e invitarnos a un café o u una cerveza virtual por nuestro trabajo, podéis visitar nuestro PATREON https://www.patreon.com/bellumartis o en PAYPALhttps://www.paypal.me/bellumartis o en BIZUM 656/778/825

LONDINIUM CHRONICLES: GAIUS & GERMANICUS PHILOSOPHIZE Summary of Audio Part 2 Gaius and Germanicus discuss the emperor's ceremonial gathering of the legion leadership at Quantico, where the new mission of "Fortress America" was announced, an event they view as a necessary ritual to overturn previous command disobedience and re-establish the emperor's authority. They connect the current US political crisis to the end of the Roman Republic, observing that the constitutional system cannot sustain the ongoing conflict between the immensely rich oligarchic Senate faction (represented by "blue" elites) and the popular movement championed by the powerful leader, similar to the clash between senators and populares. This power struggle is visible in the Governor of California's challenge to the president's authority to use the National Guard against perceived "insurrections," which they believe is an unavoidable dynamic leading towards the establishment of a principate system.

3. Rituals of Command and the Cicero Revelation Londinium Chronicles Gaius & Germanicus Debate The emperor asserted command authority over the legions in a ritual event at Quantico, Virginia, with his viceroy addressing the leadership of the legions. This ceremony was designed to overturn the previous instances of "command disobedience" experienced by Trump during his first term (such as General Milley's reported actions). The message delivered was a direct command: "New mission. Fortress America. If you are uncomfortable with that, leave."Domestically, this ongoing power transition draws parallels with the murder of Caesar, which marked the end of the Roman Republic and the path toward the principate. A newly shared detail from the documents of Marcus Tullius Cicero reveals that Brutus allegedly raised his dagger while striking Caesar and shouted "Cicero." This detail suggests Cicero, the master storyteller and champion of the senatorial class, provided the intellectual legitimacy and imprimatur for the assassination, affirming that the murder was committed in the name of the Senate's vision of republicanism. 1802

LONDINIUM CHRONICLES: GAIUS & GERMANICUS PHILOSOPHIZE Summary of Audio Part 1 Gaius and Germanicus, reflecting on 21st-century events from Londinium, compare the American "princeps" (emperor) issuing ultimatums against "gangsters" in places like Gaza and Caracas to the Roman precedent of figures like Pompey suppressing the Cilician pirates, noting that emperors do not negotiate. Germanicus suggests the current US administration's approach of reducing direct administrative control over allies while maintaining titular supremacy is reminiscent of how the Roman Emperor in Constantinople dealt with emerging barbarian kingdoms by bestowing Roman titles like Consul and Patrician. They debate whether Europe's recent emergency meeting in Copenhagen regarding a "drone wall" signifies European independence or a success of the US princeps' policy of creative retrenchment, criticizing the arbitrary basis of 20th-century alliances like NATO and the discredited domino theory.

Send a Message to the TeamIn this fork, the team examines what would have happened if Germanicus, the heir apparent to the Roman Empire, survived.Panel:Dylan and ChrisShow Note: The Commercial we are talking about is linked here. You can follow and interact with A Fork In Time on….Discord: https://discord.com/invite/xhZEmZMKFSFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/aforkintimeTwitter: @AFITPodcastOur YouTube ChannelIf you enjoy the podcast and want to support it financially, you can help by:Supporting us monthly via Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/aforkintime....or, make a one-time donation via Podfan to A Fork In TimeWebsite: www.aforkintimepodcast.comE-Mail: aforkintimepodcast@gmail.comTheme Music: Conquer by Shane Ivers - https://www.silvermansound.comSupport the showSupport the show

Londinium Chronicles Part 2 Sept 28.mp3 HEADLINE: The Verres Moment: Indictment, Corruption, and the Threatened Legitimacy of the American Vote SPEAKERS: Gaius and Germanicus 200 WORD SUMMARY: Gaiusand Germanicus draw parallels between the collapse of the Roman Republic—where the people lost confidence in the Senate—and modern America. They recount the trial of Verres, the notoriously corrupt governor of Sicily in 70 B.C.E., whom Cicero prosecuted to expose corruption not just of Verres, but of the entire Roman establishment. Cicerofamously appealed to common sense and immediately brought in witnesses to demonstrate the blatant nature of the corruption. Gaius asks if the indictment of former FBI Director Comey represents a modern "Verres moment," a necessary "hinge moment" to expose deep corruption in the US political system. Germanicus confirms the goal is to expose the systemic failure that is strangling representative government. Gaius views Trump as a "tribune of the people" seeking payback against a corrupt system that undermined the vote's credibility in 2016, 2020, and 2024. Gaius expects more indictments, noting that, like Cicero, the current political appeal is to sentiment rather than solely evidence. Germanicus worries that the escalation of political combat into "lawfare" could lead to a complete breakdown of constitutional order and legitimate transfers of power, citing the Spanish Civil War. The underlying cause is the extreme inequality of wealth and income, where a tiny minority holds immense political status while the majority is reduced to "plebeians." 1902

Londinium Chronicles Part 3 Audio Sept 28.mp3 HEADLINE: How to Move the Billionaires: War, Leveling, and the Failure of Reform SPEAKERS: Germanicus and Gaius 200 WORD SUMMARY: The speakers address the internal crisis within "Fortress America": the modern-day Palatine Hill, represented by the billionaires who are untouchable and above the law. Gaius cites economist Thomas Piketty, highlighting the "gigantic" wealth amassed by the super-rich. Germanicus asserts that the only guaranteed pathway to practical leveling—bringing the super-rich back down—is through war, whether external conflict or civil war. He explains that upheaval is necessary because the rate of return on investments consistently outpaces inflation, creating extraordinary wealth imbalance. World War II and the Great Depression were instruments of leveling in the US, creating the middle class and a more cohesive society. Today, US society is highly bifurcated, with the top 7-8% of the population holding 60% of the nation's wealth. Germanicus suggests that the populares committed to radical change are not the conventional "socialist" progressives (who are "parasites" of the state), but groups motivated by non-material goals. Both speakers emphatically agree that the problem of wealth inequality and the power of the Palatine will not be solved by reforms, calling reform a "misdirection." They conclude that maintaining the "status quo" means they are deeply "in trouble." 1790 SULLA'S PROSCRIPTIONS

Londinium Chronicles Part 1 Sept 28.mp3 HEADLINE: Reorganizing the Legions: Fortress America, the Corrupt Senate, and the Stranglehold of the Military-Industrial Complex SPEAKERS: Gaius Londinium and Germanicus 200 WORD SUMMARY: The Friends of History Debating Society opens by discussing the panicking temperament of European leadership due to Russian provocations (drones, jamming) and Washington's silence on requests for Tomahawks for Kyiv. They contrast the effective Roman legions—combat units and engineers—with the modern USmilitary, which has "too many generals and too few war fighters." Major changes are anticipated, including a speech by Secretary of Defense Hegseth promoting the theme of "Fortress America" and reorganizing the military to match the needs of an empire. Germanicus argues that the US military needs an overhaul akin to Rome's transition from the Republic, having squandered its post-Cold War strength and now facing powerful rivals like Russia and China, who have adopted new technologies. He notes that the US military is hampered by reliance on 1945 weapon systems (like the heavy bomber). Germanicus believes the military is unwilling to change because the military-industrial complex (MIC), dominated by five defense firms, maintains a powerful stranglehold over procurement and general officers. This results in massive inefficiencies, such as the F-35 program, a trillion-dollar effort with only 10% combat availability. Gaius insists the core problem is the corrupt Senate (Congress), which enables these wasteful contracts and sets priorities like focusing on DEI and climate change over war fighters. 1770 PANTHEON

#LONDINIUM90AD: MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS HEADLINE: From Dalmatia to Poland: Frontier Tensions, Roman Legacy, and the Danger of Miscalculation The discussion opens with Gaius (John Batchelor) in Londinium speaking to Germanicus (Michael Vlahos), who is in Dalmatia (the Dalmatian coast, modern Croatia), a frontier area of the former Roman Empire. Germanicus observes that this region, Ragusa, maintained its Roman continuity through the Middle Ages and was critical as it connected Italy and the Western Empire to Greece and the Eastern Empire. They reflect on Roman figures such as Augustus and Drusus(Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus), who fought in Germania. Drusus's son, Claudius, became a highly effective emperor who brought the empire to its maximal state, establishing Londinium. The conversation shifts to modern frontier tensions: the Russian probing of the Polish border using drones and warplanes, leading to NATO intervention and British assistance. Drawing on films like The Bedford Incident, they worry about accidental catastrophe due to miscalculation. Germanicus warns that tiny NATO states like the Baltics, driven by paranoia and insecurity, are acting "spasmodically and irresponsibly" and that the United Kingdom is acting like a "rogue state" aggressively pushing for conflict, creating a dangerous situation that could plunge Russia and the West into general war. 41 AD. CLAUDIUS BEGS

#LONDINIUM90AD: MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS HEADLINE: The Struggle for America: Ruling Elite vs. Populism and the Threat of Revolution The speakers analyze domestic American conflict, using David Brooks's framework of the credentialed elite versus the non-credentialed public. Germanicus argues that the conflict is fundamentally between an entrenched ruling elite, solidified since the Cold War, and the populace, similar to the Roman optimates. This elite maintains power by accumulating wealth across generations while regular people suffer. The elite appropriates an ideology—which Germanicus calls the "church of woke"—to suppress the people, mirroring how the Roman aristocracy co-opted Christianity in late antiquity. The growing wealth inequality and mass migration policies exacerbate this conflict, providing a vehicle for populist leaders like Mr. Trump. The situation is coming to a head, with every election becoming an "existential choice" between the ruling class and the people. Germanicus suggests the resolution will be a revolution: either a restoration (represented incoherently by Mr. Trump) or the elites cementing complete control. He also notes that American global engagement, while enriching the elite, makes them vulnerable; should world situations "go south," the resulting turmoil could overthrow the domestically weakened ruling class. 1917 YALE AND READINESS.

#LONDINIUM90AD: MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS HEADLINE: The American Empire Inheritance: Emperor Trump at Windsor Castle The conversation draws parallels between the Roman Empire and the current American Empire, emphasizing that the US inherited its imperial role. A state dinner at Windsor Castle, steeped in centuries of British tradition, was cited as a visual representation of this transition, featuring King Charles III hosting Emperor Trump. The setting—lined with gold, silver, and portraits of those who delivered the British Empire—symbolized the transfer of legacy to America. Germanicus notes that the American Empire's reach is solid, mirroring Rome's authority over an oecumene (the known world) and its ability to have supplicant kings, such as Herod the Great serving Augustus. The speakers argue that many Americans, unlike the "prissy elite," recognize the imperial reality. They criticize maintaining the "fig leaf" of the nation founded by George Washington, Jefferson, and Franklin, stating that until the US recognizes itself as an empire, it cannot act strategically to defend or move it forward. Mr. Trump is seen as refreshing because he does not hide this reality, thereby forcing this necessary recognition. 1876 NERO

The Friends of History Debating Society: Setting, Immediate Events, and Media Critique The Friends of History Debating Society convenes with Gaius (also known as John Batchelor) hosting from Londinium, specifically a wine bar he favors. Michael Vlahos participates from the "Edge of the Empire." In his persona as Germanicus, Michael Vlahos is on a mission in Dalmatia, a "slightly untamed" region that serves as "connecting tissue" between the Roman Empire's eastern and western halves, visiting fortified places like Ragusa and planning a trip to Spalato. As Dramaticus, Michael Vlahos is "traveling on the road" and is reminded by Gaius to "walk with Centurions" for protection from potentially "obsequious and violent" locals. The society's purpose is to review weekly events through a "Roman eye," with participants seeing themselves as "Roman citizens" attempting to understand and potentially "help" the 21st century, while also observing. Gaius reports on a recent visit by Michael Vlahos (in his Dramaticus persona) to the "Imperial Court," or President Trump's White House, during the sad news of Mr. Kirk'sdeath. Despite this somber event, the overall atmosphere in the Oval Office was described as "busy, positive, energetic, attractive, and working perfectly," reminiscent of Augustus's imperial court. Gaius notes that the mainstream media, committed to "hurting Trump," unanimously portrays him as a "demon," "evil force," or "another Hitler," with his followers characterized as "Nazis" or "white supremacists." This rhetoric, according to Michael Vlahos, contributed to events like Mr. Kirk's assassination. Both Gaius and Michael Vlahos find this equating of speech with violence "immature and ignorant," revealing a lack of historical understanding among those in the "blue" faction.             

#Londinium90AD: Gaius and Germanicus debate why the Optimates assert that "our democracy" is at risk? Gaius asks, what do they mean by "our democracy?" Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos. Headline: Roman Elite's Democracy Claims: Defining "Our Democracy" in Imperial Context In 90 AD Londinium, Gaius and Germanicus examine the Optimates' claims about democratic threats. Gaiuschallenges the aristocratic party's definition of "our democracy," questioning whether they truly defend popular governance or merely their own privileged position within the Roman Republic's institutions. Michael Vlahos of the Friends of History Debating Society moderates this discussion about how political elites historically invoke democratic rhetoric to legitimize their power. The Optimates traditionally controlled the Senate and claimed to protect Romantraditions against populist demagogues, yet their "democracy" often excluded common citizens from meaningful participation. This debate explores the tension between elite-controlled republican institutions and genuine popular sovereignty, examining whether appeals to "save democracy" represent authentic concern for citizen governance or strategic rhetoric deployed by threatened establishment powers seeking to maintain their influence against rising populist challenges. 1593 ROMAN WOMEN

#Londinium90AD: Gaius & Germanicus debate the question: Do empires need allies? Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos. Headline: Ancient Rome's Imperial Dilemma: Alliance Strategy in 90 AD In 90 AD Londinium, two Roman figures engage in a critical debate about imperial strategy. Gaius and Germanicusexamine whether the Roman Empire requires alliances to maintain its vast territories and growing influence. Michael Vlahos of the Friends of History Debating Society moderates this historical discussion, exploring how Rome'sapproach to partnerships with client states, tribal confederations, and regional powers shaped its longevity. The debate addresses fundamental questions about imperial overextension, the costs of military occupation versus diplomatic cooperation, and whether sustainable empire-building requires collaborative governance structures. This ancient discussion resonates with modern debates about great power competition, alliance systems, and the balance between unilateral strength and multilateral cooperation in maintaining global influence and regional stability. 1712 CAESAR

#LONDINIUM90AD: Gaius & Germanicus debate the cycle of Optimates and Populares. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos Headline: Roman Political Factions: The Eternal Cycle of Elite vs. Popular Power In 90 AD Londinium, Gaius and Germanicus examine the recurring political struggle between the Optimates(aristocratic party) and Populares (popular party) that defined late Republican Rome. Michael Vlahos of the Friends of History Debating Society moderates this discussion of Rome's fundamental political divide. The Optimates, representing senatorial privilege and traditional governance, consistently clashed with the Populares, who appealed directly to citizens and plebeian assemblies. This cycle saw figures like Sulla and Cato defending aristocratic interests against populist leaders like Marius, Pompey, and Caesar. The debate explores how this factional warfare ultimately destroyed the Roman Republic, leading to imperial autocracy. The discussion examines whether such political polarization represents an inevitable cycle in republican governments, questioning if elite-populist tensions doom democratic institutions to cyclical breakdown and authoritarian resolution. 1783 ABDICATION OF SULLA

3.  #LONDINIUM90AD LIVE AT 6 PM ET SUNDAY: 8/31:  GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE:  Women with Money, Billionaire Politicians, and the New Roman Republic.  This segment explores the historical and contemporary intertwining of money, power, and politics, comparing wealthy individuals in ancient Rome with those in 21st-century America. Gaius introduces Claudia of Matelis, a powerful Roman woman from the 1st century BCE who, despite formal restrictions like needing an advisor and being barred from court, inherited immense wealth and lived an independent life, exercising "great political power". Gaius observes that "politics and money in Rome were the same thing," a truth he believes also applies to America. Germanicus elaborates that in traditional societies, women historically played powerful, behind-the-scenes political roles, often linked to class and wealth, citing figures such as Livia in Rome or Madame de Pompadour. In the modern U.S., he notes a significant "galloping ahead" of women's wealth and influence, projecting that women will control 75% of discretionary spending by 2028, and already hold over 66% of consumer wealth and 51% of all stocks. The discussion then shifts to the emergence of billionaire politicians. While historical figures like JP Morgan, Carnegie, and John D. Rockefeller possessed immense wealth, they were not directly engaged in politics. Today, however, there is a rise of billionaires, including women such as Steve Jobs' wife (who owns The Atlantic and engages in "charitable or political charitable giving"), directly influencing politics. This trend, they suggest, could lead to "family dynasties," exemplified by the Pritzker family. The speakers connect this phenomenon to Roman history, particularly after Constantine's conversion to Christianity, where "unbelievably rich senators" and their widows became crucial political players and funders of networks like monasteries and churches. They mention a period in the 5th-century Western Empire where three senators each held more wealth than the imperial state itself. They further link the increasing disproportion of wealth and income in the United States to levels comparable to pre-French Revolution France. In Rome, such inequality led to the "revolution" that ended the Republic and ushered in "billionaire politicians" like Crassus, Caesar (who gained massive wealth despite being in debt), and Augustus (whose wealth "soared" with power). The segment concludes with the assertion that America is becoming "more and more like Rome every single day" and is heading towards a future potentially dominated by "billionaire presidents," with Mr. Trump making claims in this vein. Germanicus predicts that these billionaires will become the "new dukes and counts" of American politics, potentially creating a political system characterized by a struggle between the emperor/state and these extraordinarily powerful figures. 79 AD WOMEN OF ROME #LONDINIUM90AD LIVE AT 6 PM ET EVERY SUNDAY: GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS. PRODUCED BY CHRIS NOEL.

2.  #LONDINIUM90AD LIVE AT 6 PM ET SUNDAY: 8/31:  GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE: The Federal Reserve: America's Vestal Virgins and the Emperor's Reach.    Gaius and Germanicus use the Roman Vestal Virgins as a metaphor for the American Federal Reserve, focusing on themes of trust, independence, and accountability to the "emperor" (the President). In Rome, Vestal Virgins were "contract keepers," embodying "trust" and "nonpartisanship," essential for the "Roman worthiness" of the state. They safeguarded the "eternal flame of Vesta, the goddess of the hearth," which symbolized the protection of Rome's identity and integrity. Initially, Vestal Virgins were independent of the Senate, with the Pontifex Maximus holding ultimate authority over them; upon becoming emperor, Augustus assumed this role, blurring the lines between religion and politics. The speakers portray the Federal Reserve as America's "Vestal Virgins," with the "almighty dollar" and the monetary system serving as the nation's "hearth". Gaius explains that the Federal Reserve was established in 1907 to address market failures, such as the one bailed out by JP Morgan. It only gained its "so-called independent" status through legislation in 1951, having been seen as a clear "function of the government" before then. Despite this perceived independence, they argue that the Federal Reserve is "not outside of the emperor and the emperor's reach". A recent "melodrama" involving a Federal Reserve board member (Cook) accused of misleading on mortgage applications, and the President's swift public response ("you're fired"), underscores the tension between the Fed's asserted independence and presidential authority. Germanicus clarifies that while the Fed's "independence" implies its decisions shouldn't be controlled "capriciously by the emperor," it remains "part of the state" and "under the purview of the emperor". Like the six Vestal Virgins, there are seven governors on the Federal Reserve, nominated for terms. The legitimacy and authority of such institutions, much like the Vestal Virgins, require a "superordinate authority" to ensure accountability. Germanicus critically views Jerome Powell's (the Federal Reserve chairman) consistent defiance of the President's desire for lower interest rates as "unwise" and possibly "personal," which he believes eroding public trust. He questions why Powell has not publicly addressed concerns about his leadership or a board member's alleged misconduct. The Federal Reserve Board, they point out, is not part of the "original constitutional system" laid out in America's founding documents, meaning its "independence" granted by 1951 legislation is not constitutionally embedded. The Federal Reserve, therefore, like the Vestal Virgins, remains "under the purview of the emperor". 1712 CAESAR #LONDINIUM90AD LIVE AT 6 PM ET EVERY SUNDAY: GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS. PRODUCED BY CHRIS NOEL.

1.  #LONDINIUM90AD LIVE AT 6 PM ET SUNDAY: 8/31:  GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE:  The Tiberius Model: Aged Leadership and Succession in the American Empire.  Gaius and Germanicus, speaking as 1st-century Romans from Londinium, discuss the "Tiberius model" to analyze challenges in 21st-century American leadership, particularly concerning the age of leaders and succession. They note that empires, much like history, often repeat themes or "rhyme". Tiberius, despite being Augustus's successful stepson and a capable general, showed little interest in being emperor after 14 AD, eventually assigning duties to Sejanus (head of the Praetorian Guard) and retiring to an island. His later years were chaotic, and his reign was followed by disruption. Germanicus describes Tiberius as "careless and irresponsible" and narcissistic, which "played havoc with the stability of Rome". The speakers draw direct parallels to recent and current American presidents, including Joe Biden and Mr. Trump, highlighting the inherent risks of age in leadership. Historically, Romans preferred a a "young and vigorous" emperor, with older rulers like Andronicus II often leading to disaster, though Nerva served as a transitional exception. In America, they recall FDR's fourth election in 1944 as retrospectively "not responsible" due to an unfixed succession plan, leading to "great turmoil" in 1945. In contrast, successful succession planning is exemplified by Eisenhower choosing a young Richard Nixon (39 years old at the time) as his running mate, providing a vital "plan B". Gaius notes that Joe Biden's presidency represented a "Tiberius moment" not only because of his age but also due to the "aged" leadership within the Democratic Party, making Kamala Harris "as infirm a choice as was Caligula" for succession. Mr. Trump is commended for being candid about his legacy and preparing for succession, which Gaius considers "sensible and grown up". The conversation emphasizes that the U.S. has effectively become an "emperor system," where the "health of the emperor is also so directly connected to the health of the nation". This makes the age issue one of "transcendent importance," teasing out the transition to this emperor system for all to see. They also acknowledge that younger generations (Gen X, millennials, Gen Z, and the alpha generation) need to understand these critical discussions about leadership and aging.  1872 EXCAVATING ROMAN FORUM. #LONDINIUM90AD LIVE AT 6 PM ET EVERY SUNDAY: GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS. PRODUCED BY CHRIS NOEL.

#Londinium90AD: Gaius & Germanicus debate the observation that European powers (Berlin, Paris, London) each have populist parties moving toward favoring Russia. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos 1890 SAXONY

#Londinium90AD: Gaius & Germanicus puzzle why any sophisticated interest would oppose the POTUS aspiration to clean major cities of disorder. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos 1863 Draft Riot

#Londinium90AD: Gaius & Germanicus debate the lessons learned about emperors and kings. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos 79 AD at Pompeii: PLATO'S SACADEMY

#Londinium90AD: Gaius & Germanicus observe the Anchorage meeting of Trump and Putin as an echo of Napoleon and Alexander on the raft at Tilsit, June 25, 1807. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos

#Londinium90AD: Gaius & Germanicus recommend the POTUS order to clean up DC of homeless and ruffians. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos  1936  JOBLESS

#Londinium90AD: Gaius & Germanicus discover that Italy continues to celebrate Emperor Augustus with the holiday Ferragosto, August 15. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @Michalis_Vlahos Cleopatra argues with Augustus

#LONDINIUM90AD: Gaius & Germanicus debate the lessons learned from the 1968-1973 Paris Peace Talks. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1968 VIET CONG/ NVA

#LONDINIUM90AD: Gaius & Germanicus recall the propaganda of the 1968 John Wayne Hollywood movie "The Green Berets." Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1971

#LONDINIUM90AD: 1500 years. Gaius & Germanicus speculate that the American Empire can continue as much as Rome -- 1500 years. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1967

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS REMIND OF THE ROMAN ANSWER TO REBELLION AS REMARKED BY THE QUARRELSOME AND PREACHY TACITUS: "They make a desert and call it peace" (Latin: "ubi solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant") MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1600 SABINE WOMEN

#LONDINIUM90AD:  GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE THE VIETNAM WAR, LESSONS NOT LEARNED BY THE STALEMATED AND DEFEATED US.  ICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1967 4TH MARINES

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS IN CONVERSATION RE FOUR TURNS THAT CAN WEAKEN THE EMPIRE'S HARD POWER.   MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1650

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS OBSERVE WRYLY THE SUDDEN PLEBEIAN (POPULARES) DISMISSAL OF OPTIMATES EXPERT OPINION. MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1872 EXCAVATION OF ROME FORUM

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS OBSERVE THE ADVANCE OF THE GRACCHI TIDE IN EU ELECTIONS. MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1573 THE CELEBRATED ROMAN WOMEN

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS COMMENT ON THE SIMULTANEOUS DIPLOMATIC CARD PLAYED BY MOSCOW AND KYIV. MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1945 TRINITY TEST SITE

#LONDINIUM90AD.  GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE THE SHRINKING APPEAL OF THE OPTIMATES IN MODERN TIMES. MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1945 AFTER TRINITY TEST

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE THE COMPETING NERO-LIKE NARRATIVES IN AMERICA. MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1945 THE GADGET

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS SPECULATE HOW MUSK AS MARC ANTONY WILL CONTEND WITH VANCE AS OCTAVIAN. MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1480 DEATHS OF ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA

#LONDINIUM90AD: GAIUS & GERMANICUS DEBATE RUSSIA AND THE NORTH KOREANS AS ROME AND THE GERMANIC SAVAGES AND BURGOYNE AND THE INDIGENOUS TRIBES OF CANADA AND NEW ENGLAND. MICHAEL VLAHOS. FRIENDS OF HISTORY DEBATING SOCIETY. @MICHALIS_VLAHOS 1755

PREVIEW LONDINIUM 90AD: Gaius & Germanicus debate the drawn-out end of Ukraine as sovereign. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @michalis_vlahos 1942 UKRAINE

PREVIEW LONDINIUM 90AD: Gaius & Germanicus observe Musk challenge the emperor and his heir, Vance. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @michalis_vlahos 1672 ACTIUM

PREVIEW LONDINIUM 90AD: Gaius admits to Germanicus that he had not understood before reading that the 5th century Visigoths were Romans. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @michalis_vlahos 1750 ROME

PREVIEW LONDINIUM 90AD: Gaius & Germanicus praise the American emperor for a good week of dominating foe and friend, especially at the NATO summit. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @michalis_vlahos 1799 Agrippina Minor, wife and poisoner of an emperor, mother of an emperor.

PREVIEW LONDINIUM 90AD: Gaius & Germanicus remark that Russia manages the Ukraine front in the way Rome managed the Danube and Rhine front with occasional extreme violence. Michael Vlahos. Friends of History Debating Society. @michalis_vlahos 1600 SABINE WOMEN