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Hanged for piracy and murder, sea captain William Kidd was executed in Wapping on 23rd May, 1701. From the gallows he proclaimed to the large assembled crowd that he was innocent of the crimes, as he was a licensed privateer. The vessel he'd captured, the Quedagh Merchant, was indeed sailing under a ‘French pass' - though the documents that prove this lay unearthed until the 20th century. His trial was used by the governing Tory party as a political opportunity to embarrass his Whig sponsors, and he was convicted on all counts. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly explain what happened to his body after his botched hanging; reveal the extraordinary monetary value of his plunder; and explain how, despite his established prowess as a seaman, he became seen as a public enemy… Further Reading: • ‘Biography of Captain William Kidd, Scottish Pirate' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/captain-william-kidd-2136225 • ‘The sacrifice of Captain Kidd' (HistoryExtra, 2011): https://www.historyextra.com/period/stuart/the-sacrifice-of-captain-kidd/ • ‘Accidental Pirate' (National Geographic, 2008): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f4aGvWzFoko Love the show? Support us! Join
A woman floats from her 12th-story apartment into a waiting UFO — witnessed by bodyguards, dignitaries, and possibly the United Nations itself.Download the FREE WORD SEARCH GAME and CROSSWORD PUZZLE For This Episode: https://weirddarkness.com/manhattanttransferabductionGet the Darkness Syndicate version of #WeirdDarkness: https://weirddarkness.com/syndicateDISCLAIMER: Ads heard during the podcast that are not in my voice are placed by third party agencies outside of my control and should not imply an endorsement by Weird Darkness or myself. *** Stories and content in Weird Darkness can be disturbing for some listeners and intended for mature audiences only. Parental discretion is strongly advised.IN THIS EPISODE: I'll share a heartbreaking story of love gone wrong. It's a tale of passion, betrayal, murder, and the electric chair. (Love And The Electric Chair) *** The terrifying true story of the abduction of Linda Cortile – was she truly abucted by aliens or is there another explanation? (The Abduction of Linda Cortile) *** A man keeps seeing shadowy figures in his peripheral vision. (Her Feet Were Swinging) *** They say the widow's ghost lingers in the tower of the Drish House - and sets the house ablaze with phantom fire. (The Drish House Hauntings) * It is said that some hundred years ago, people in Jamaica believed the powers of so-called “Shadow Killers” - but who or what were they? (The Shadow Killers of Jamaica) *** Fifteen acres of land purchased by the city of Long Beach, California in 1976 is what comprises a place known as DeForest Park. By day it is filled with sun, sand, and fun. By night, it is filled with shudders, scares, and screams. (The Darkness of DeForest Park) *** Friends were planning for a good time of dirt biking, hunting, and drinking beer. They should never have visited the cemetery. (The Haunted Farmstead) *** Two women walking home in the twilight come across the ghost of a woman dead for the past year. *** A man tells the terrifying story of how he was possessed by a demon. *** Two girls discover that even if you don't believe a legend of ghostly children, you still shouldn't tease them. *** If you vacation at Carlsbad Lagoon, you'll need something stronger than sunscreen to protect you. *** Traumatic events can sometimes trigger poltergeist activity, but for one young girl, the torment seemed to have no end. *** The hills of Northern Chile are not safe for men walking alone at night. A female spirit known as La Lola stalks the night, lost and enraged over the murder of her husband. *** Glowing eyes in the dark, a man in a dark suit, and a party in the other room… none of which are real, except to two young girls who swear it actually happened. *** Lehigh, Oklahoma – with the dark past of gangsters, the KKK, a corrupt sheriff… and the paranormal. CHAPTERS & TIME STAMPS (All Times Approximate)…00:00:00.000 = Lead-In00:00:58.241 = Show Open00:04:17.776 = The Alien Abduction of Linda Cortile00:14:03.089 = The Drish Hauntings00:18:34.050 = The Darkness of DeForest Park00:22:14.775 = The Haunted Farmstead00:29:53.431 = The Shadow Killers of Jamaica00:35:32.769 = Her Feet Were Swinging00:39:41.767 = Love And The Electric Chair00:49:04.364 = My First Spooky Experience00:54:01.633 = The Haunting of Laura01:04:28.806 = The Ghostly Kids of Hungry Hollow Road01:07:08.902 = I Was Possessed By a Demon01:10:48.372 = The Woman In The Blue Sari01:13:13.940 = The Woman IN The Blue Sari01:16:49.465 = La Lola, The Vengeful Female Spirit of Northern Chile01:20:38.776 = Haunted Lehigh, Oklahoma01:26:20.159 = Show CloseSOURCES AND RESOURCES FROM THE EPISODE…“Love And The Electric Chair” by Troy Taylor: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/y9x5dszv“The Abduction of Linda Cortile” by Les Hewitt for Paranorms.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1s7n41oz“Her Feet Were Swinging” from YourGhostStories.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/504clul2“The Drish Hauntings” by Elisabeth Tilstra for The Line Up: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/2dqwhue5“The Darkness of DeForest Park” from BackpackerVerse: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1x5i7veu“The Haunted Farmstead” from GhostsNGhouls.com (link no longer valid)“The Shadow Killers of Jamaica” from MessageToEagle.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/4jjws8tp“The Woman in the Blue Sari” by Amardeep Singh for MyHauntedLifeToo.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/3ozpxps6“I Was Possessed By a Demon” by Jon Austin for Express.co.uk: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/m9m5jbe0“The Ghostly Kids of Hungry Hollow Road” submitted anonymously to Weird Darkness: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/drwxy79f“Carlsbad Lagoon's Sinister Siren” from BackpackerVerse: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1d1sye5y“The Haunting of Laura” from ThoughtCo.com (link no longer available)“La Lola: The Vengeful Female Spirit in Northern Chile“ from ParanormalInvestigating.com (website no longer exists)“My First Spooky Experience” submitted anonymously to Weird Darkness: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/mmw30w8x“Haunted Lehigh, Oklahoma” by Paul Dale Roberts, submitted to MyHauntedLifeToo.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/4yj3u7ay=====(Over time links seen above may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2025, Weird Darkness.=====Originally aired: February 2019EPISODE PAGE at WeirdDarkness.com (includes list of sources): https://weirddarkness.com/ManhattanTransferAbductionTAGS: weird darkness, Linda Cortile abduction, Manhattan Transfer Abduction, Budd Hopkins UFO, alien abduction case, Linda Napolitano, alien abductions New York, UN Secretary General UFO, Javier Perez de Cuellar UFO, Brooklyn Bridge UFO sighting, 1989 alien abduction, gray aliens, real alien abductions, Budd Hopkins books, Intruders Copley Woods, UFO eyewitness accounts, alien abduction hypnosis, CIA UFO cover-up, alien abduction investigation, Linda Cortile case witnesses, UFO sightings New York City
The headstones don't speak — but something beneath them remembers, and it's not done watching the living.Darkness Syndicate members get the ad-free version of #WeirdDarkness: https://weirddarkness.com/syndicate*** DOWNLOAD THE FREE PDF For This Episode's Word Search Game: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/2p867jcxDISCLAIMER: Ads heard during the podcast that are not in my voice are placed by third party agencies outside of my control and should not imply an endorsement by Weird Darkness or myself. *** Stories and content in Weird Darkness can be disturbing for some listeners and intended for mature audiences only. Parental discretion is strongly advised.IN THIS EPISODE: Cemeteries are more than just resting places for the dead; they are steeped in history, emotion, and, some believe, paranormal activity. We'll explore the eerie tales and scientific theories that make these hallowed grounds a focal point for ghostly encounters. (Unveiling The Secrets of Spirits At Cemeteries) *** Ever driven down a dark, winding country road and felt the hair on the back of your neck stand up? It's very possible you did if you were traveling down Sleepy Hollow Road. This isn't the Washington Irving tale of a hamlet in New York State – this is an infamous road in Kentucky with eerie legends of ghostly hearses, time warps, satanic rituals and haunted bridges. (The Sleepy Hollow of Kentucky) *** In the picturesque village of Bennington, Vermont, 18-year-old Paula Jean Welden disappeared on a chilly December afternoon in 1946. The case took many twists, including a fruitless search in the wilderness, misleading clues, and even the formation of the Vermont State Police due to criticism of the investigation. To this day, Paula's fate remains unknown. (Vanished: The Unsolved Disappearance of Paula Jean Welden”) *** In 1968, Spain experienced an unprecedented wave of UFO and humanoid sightings that left many mystified, terrified… and mesmerized. From encounters with mysterious figures in homes, to bizarre sightings outdoors, 1968 had the entire country of Spain talking about aliens from outer space. (1968: The Year Of High Strangeness) *** Despite humanity's efforts to control nature, sometimes the natural world pushes back in unexpected and chaotic ways. From a pigeon poop-induced blackout in Japan to a squirrel terrorizing a Welsh town, animals can disrupt our lives… and sometimes in humorous ways. (Man Vs Nature – When Animals Wreak Havoc) *** On a stormy night in April 1893, two condemned prisoners at Sing Sing Prison blinded a guard with pepper spray, and executed a daring escape down the Hudson River that left authorities baffled and the public enthralled. (The Great Escape From Sing Sing) *** You seemed to like my new film noir story idea, so I have another Murder Noir tonight – based on a true case from Halloween Day, 1981 when 11-year-old Karl Heikell told his parents he was going for a walk in Calumet, Michigan. He never returned home. (Murder Noir: The Case of the Vanishing Trick-or-Treater) *** Did pterosaurs, the ancient flying reptiles, truly vanish millions of years ago, or do they still soar through our skies? We'll look at claims of modern-day sightings, some controversial theories, and a tantalizing photograph that challenges their extinction. Could these prehistoric flying giants still be among us in hiding?CHAPTERS & TIME STAMPS (All Times Approximate and Only Accurate For the Commercial Version)…00:00:00.000 = Lead-In00:00:46.290 = Show Open00:04:10.752 = Unveiling The Secrets of Spirits In Cemeteries00:15:33.766 = The Great Escape From Sing Sing00:20:33.377 = Vanished: the Unsolved Disappearance of Paula Jean Welden00:26:46.114 = The Sleepy Hollow of Kentucky00:35:19.474 = 1968: The Year of High Strangeness00:42:27.033 = Man Vs Nature – When Animals Wreak Havoc00:53:40.741 = In Search Of Living Pterosaurs (links to photos below)00:57:44.402 = Show CloseSOURCES AND RESOURCES FROM THE EPISODE…“In Search of Living Pterosaurs” by David Albaugh for BasementOfTheBizarre.com (used with permission):https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/yjvb29mrPHOTO OF PTEROSAUR FROM CIVIL WAR: https://weirddarkness.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PterosaurPhotoFromCivlWar.pngPHOTO OF PTEROSAUR FROM OLD WEST, NAILED TO BARN: https://weirddarkness.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PterosaurPhotoFromOldWest.png“Unveiling The Secrets Of Spirits In Cemeteries” sources: ***Encyclopaedia Britannica:https://www.britannica.com/topic/burial-death-rite; ***The World History Encyclopedia:https://www.worldhistory.org/burial/; ***Ecobear: https://ecobear.co/resources/dying-and-death/history-of-cemeteries/; ***ThoughtCo: https://www.thoughtco.com/death-and-burial-customs-1421757; ***Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burial“Vanished: The Unsolved Disappearance of Paula Jean Welden” by Gary Sweeney for The-Line-Up.com (used with permission): https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/2p853yzu“The Sleepy Hollow of Kentucky” source: Todd Atteberry, GothicHorrorStories.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/e57rjdm8“1968: The Year of High Strangeness” source: Brent Swancer, MysteriousUniverse.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/yckpzv8m“Man Vs Nature – When Animal Wreak Havoc” source: George Wilson, ListVerse.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/nkc5nyr6“The Great Escape From Sing Sing” source: Robert Wilhelm, MurderByGaslight.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/yc2mj26d=====(Over time links seen above may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2025, Weird Darkness.=====Originally aired: June 07, 2024EPISODE PAGE at WeirdDarkness.com (includes list of sources): https://weirddarkness.com/GhostsInCemeteriesTAGS: weird darkness, weird darkness podcast, paranormal stories, cemetery ghosts, haunted cemeteries, spirit encounters, paranormal investigation, true ghost stories, unsolved mysteries, sleepy hollow road kentucky, haunted roads, paranormal activity, cemetery hauntings, missing persons cases, paula jean welden disappearance, unexplained disappearances, sing sing prison escape, ufo sightings spain 1968, highgate cemetery, greyfriars kirkyard, pere lachaise cemetery, st louis cemetery new orleans, animal attacks, intelligent spirits, residual hauntings, guardian spirits in cemeteries, cemetery folklore, living pterosaurs, mackenzie poltergeist, animal disruptions, spanish ufo wave 1968, bennington triangle disappearances, famous prison escapes
Gerald Holtom's CND symbol, known internationally as the ‘peace' symbol, made its debut at a protest march by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament on 4th April, 1958. The march went from London to Aldermaston, where Britain's nuclear weapons were and still are manufactured. Five hundred cardboard ‘lollipop sticks' displaying the logo were produced - and it's since scarcely been out of circulation as an anti-establishment plea for peace around the world. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly question whether Goya helped influence Holton's iconic design; reveal how author J.B. Priestley had fermented the protests on this day; and consider the International Shoe Corporation's dubious claim to the patent … Further Reading: • ‘The Peace Symbol: Beginnings and Evolution' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/the-peace-symbol-1779351# • ‘He gave his unforgettable work for nothing. Shouldn't the designer of the peace symbol be commemorated?' (The Guardian, 2015): https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/28/shouldnt-british-designer-gerard-holtom-of-peace-symbol-be-commemorated-paris-attacks • ‘Walter Wolfgang: 'why I marched to Aldermaston in 1958' (CND, 2018): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLqBUws7R8E #50s #UK #War #Design Love the show? Support us! Join
After a 23 year run that included introducing American audiences to The Beatles, Elvis Presley and The Rolling Stones, the last original episode of ‘The Ed Sullivan Show' aired on CBS on March 28, 1971. The variety programme, which cost $8 million per year, fell victim to ‘the rural purge', via which several iconic shows that appealed mainly to poorer and older demographics were axed in favour of screening old movies. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly consider how Sullivan was able to become a TV superstar, despite having no discernible talent for presentation; explain how the host's advancing senility gave an early advantage to comedian Joan Rivers; and reveal whom this famously polite father figure deigned to call ‘bitch'… Further Reading: • ‘Right Here on Our Stage Tonight! - Ed Sullivan's America, By Gerald Nachman' (University of California Press, 2009): https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Right_Here_on_Our_Stage_Tonight/v7owDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=ed+sullivan+show+28th+march+1971&pg=PA384&printsec=frontcover • ‘Ed Sullivan, Variety Show Host Influenced American Culture' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/ed-sullivan-4589827 • ‘Elvis Presley performs "Hound Dog" on The Ed Sullivan Show' (CBS, 1956): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNYWl13IWhY&list=PLQWND5qZhbj0nqnmye5U2g3Z-ai8wos4p Love the show? Support us! Join
Send us a textIn this episode, April attempts to unpack the complicated topic of propaganda, a form of persuasion used by corporations, advertisers, pundits, influencers, and political personalities. These days, it's important for critical thinkers to understand that there should be a delineation between propaganda and the kind of rhetoric used in democratic governance, to recognize propaganda and to avoid being influenced by it. If this sounds important--well, it is.Episode 39 Show Noteshttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/propaganda--this references the origins of the word propaganda and its original link to religious proselytizinghttps://www.thoughtco.com/propaganda-definition-1691544--Dr. Richard Nordquist's excellent ThoughtCo article about the difference between rhetoric and propagandahttps://researchguides.uoregon.edu/medialiteracy/propaganda --University of Oregon's Media Literary Research guide's deep dive into propaganda has some great information about how to determine if something is propagandahttps://researchguides.uoregon.edu/medialiteracy/propaganda --the Naab Research Center gives examples of positive uses of propagandaEmotional Campaigning in Politics: Being Moved and Anger …--a pdf of Gruning and Schubert's article about the use of emotion in political campaignshttps://www.yourdictionary.com/articles/glittering-generalities--YourDictionary.com has a great article with examples of glittering generalitieshttps://rationalwiki.org/wiki/Loaded_language--the list of "snarl" words is at the bottom of this wiki page devoted to loaded languagehttps://www.allsides.com/sites/default/files/AllSidesMediaBiasChart-Version2.jpg--an updated version of the AllSides Media Bias charthttps://mediabiasfactcheck.com/--a great source for checking the bias of any news source, as well as whether it has failed any fact checkshttps://disinformation-nation.org/combat-propaganda/--great article about ways to combat propagandahttps://www.shortform.com/summary/thinking-fast-and-slow-summary-daniel-kahneman?utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=531475976&msclkid=704335b2e9371134f6f7526e8cdafb8c--a long web address leading to a short summary of Daniel Kahneman's book Thinking Fast and Slowhttps://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/think-act-be/202003/can-you-be-abundantly-cautious-and-fearless--while this article was written about the Covid pandemic, the ideas in it still resonatehttps://www.neuroandcounselingcenter.com/single-post/informed-protect-peace--good ideas from certified mental health counselor Amanda Levison, about how to keep your cool and not get overwhelmed w
Deciphering the structure of DNA was as complex as the double helix itself. On 28th February, 1953, Dr. James Watson and Dr. Francis Crick rushed to the pub and announced to their fellow drinkers in The Eagle, Cambridge that they had just found “the secret of life”. But their work would not have been possible without the uncredited contribution of Dr. Rosalind Franklin - whose photographs of the X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA were the first to reveal its three-dimensional structure. And it was her colleague, Dr Maurice Wilkins, who first brought Franklin's work to the attention of Watson and Crick. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly consider how it came to be that Crick's wife, Odile; drew the iconic depiction of the structure published in Nature; explain why *technically* Dr Franklin didn't even have a degree; and recall how James Watson's legacy was tainted by his bitter and snide memoir, ‘The Double Helix'... Further Reading: • ‘Double-Helix Structure of DNA' (ThoughtCo, 2020): https://www.thoughtco.com/double-helix-373302 • ‘The Geek Atlas - 128 Places Where Science and Technology Come Alive, By John Graham-Cumming' (O'Reilly Media, 2009): https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Geek_Atlas/rXH0AQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=crick+watson+eagle+1953&pg=PA267&printsec=frontcover • ‘Rosalind Franklin: DNA's unsung hero - Cláudio L. Guerra' (Ted-Ed, 2016): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIP0lYrdirI This episode first aired in 2023 Love the show? Support us! Join
Chariot racing was a dangerous and violent sport at the best of times, but on 13th January, 532, a hooligan-led protest at the Hippodrome of Constantinople - known as ‘the Nika rebellion' - ultimately lead to over 30,000 deaths and the destruction of half the City. Upon hearing his wife urge him that ‘royalty is a good burial shroud', the Emperor Justinian reportedly decided to slaughter his own people to maintain his position of power. Yet, despite this, he was ultimately deemed to have earned his epithet: ‘The Great'. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly unearth the tradition of ‘curse tablets'; explain why Empress Theodora switched allegiances from the ‘greens' to the ‘blues'; and reveal how a eunuch wielding gold coins helped to stabilise the Byzantine empire… Further Reading: • ‘Overview of the Nika Revolt' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/the-nika-revolt-1788557 • Deadly Moments in History - The Nika Riots (Invicta, 2018): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dm9mscL2qHU • ‘12 Historic Little Known Rebellions with Tragic and Bloody Ends' (History Collection, 2017): https://historycollection.com/12-historic-little-known-rebellions-tragic-bloody-ends/9/ ‘Why am I hearing a rerun?' Each Thursday and Friday we repeat stories from our archive of 800+ episodes, so we can maintain the quality of our independent podcast and bring you fresh, free content every Monday-Wednesday… … But
Rerun: Anne Bonny and Mary Read - the most notorious women to swashbuckle and plunder in the ‘golden age of piracy' - were captured near Jamaica by pirate-hunter Jonathan Barnet on 8th November, 1720. Disguised as men for most of their careers, they sailed (and cavorted) with Pirate Captain ‘Calico Jack'. But, when their crimes came to trial, they both avoided being sentenced to death by ‘pleading the belly'. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly speculate about how Bonny and Read were able to pass as men so convincingly; explain how they met in the ‘pirate republic' of Nassau; and reveal why ‘Robinson Crusoe' author Daniel Defoe may just be responsible for the enduring ‘Reader's Wives' version of Bonny and Read's friendship... CONTENT WARNING: reference to rape Further Reading: • ‘Comparing the Female Pirates Anne Bonny and Mary Read' (ThoughtCo, 2018): https://www.thoughtco.com/facts-about-anne-bonny-mary-read-2136281 • ‘How Anne Bonny and Mary Read Changed The Face Of Female Piracy' (All That's Interesting, 2018): https://allthatsinteresting.com/anne-bonny-mary-read • ‘Behind the myth of a breast-baring pirate' (BBC Reel, 2019): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vBVeQwhcjZg ‘Why am I hearing a rerun?' Each Thursday and Friday we repeat stories from our archive of 800+ episodes, so we can maintain the quality of our independent podcast and bring you fresh, free content every Monday-Wednesday… … But
Today, you'll learn about how earthquakes shake up quartz to make gold nuggets, the discovery of a new type of cell, and an effort to redefine sustainability in our oceans. Gold Nuggets “How do gold nuggets form? Earthquakes may be the key.” by Robin George Andrews. 2024. “Gold nugget formation from earthquake-induced piezoelectricity in quartz.” by Christopher R. Voisey, et al. 2023. New Cell Type “New cell type discovered.” Scimex. 2024. “Discovery of an embryonically derived bipotent population of endothelial-macrophage progenitor cells in postnatal aorta.” by Anna E. Williamson, et al. 2024. “The facts about cells.” by ThoughtCo.com. 2017. Redefining Sustainability “Leading scientists redefine ‘sustainability' to save the ocean and feed a hungry and warming planet.” by Alex Morrison. 2024. “11 Overfishing Statistics and Facts You Should Know About.” by Martina Igini. 2022. “Rethinking sustainability of marine fisheries for a fast-changing planet.” by Callum Roberts, et al. 2024. Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
Rerun: The first ever emoji set, including the earliest incarnations of
Being queen is never easy, and no one knew that better than Queen Min. At only eight years old, she was left without a father, but funnily enough, her lack of ambitious male relatives made her the perfect candidate for queen to the irresponsible and impressionable King of Korea. Min bided her time under the thumb of her overbearing father-in-law until she was able to outsmart him and take over the court. Over her twenty-year reign, she managed to modernize Korea in everything from the military to education, all while dealing with the encroaching Japanese empire. Join me to learn about her story on today's episode. This podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire purchase. Bibliography Administration, Cultural Heritage. “Birth Home of Empress Myeongseong - Heritage Search.” Cultural Heritage Administration. Accessed August 28, 2024. https://english.cha.go.kr/chaen/search/selectGeneralSearchDetail.do?mn=EN_02_02&sCcebKdcd=21&ccebAsno=00460000&sCcebCtcd=31&pageIndex=388®ion=&canAsset=&ccebPcd1=&searchWrd=&startNum=&endNum=&stCcebAsdt=&enCcebAsdt=&canceled=&ccebKdcd=&ccebCtcd=. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Empress Myeongseong.” Wikipedia, August 26, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Myeongseong#Photographs_and_illustrations. ———. “Gojong of Korea.” Wikipedia, August 27, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gojong_of_Korea. ———. “History of Women in Korea.” Wikipedia, June 23, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_women_in_Korea. ———. “Internal Princess Consort Hanchang.” Wikipedia, March 25, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_Princess_Consort_Hanchang. ———. “Min Chi-Rok.” Wikipedia, June 4, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Min_Chi-rok. ———. “Shamanism.” Wikipedia, August 25, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamanism#Ecological_aspect. ———. “Sunjong of Korea.” Wikipedia, July 12, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunjong_of_Korea. New World Encyclopedia. “Empress Myeongseong.” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Empress_Myeongseong. “FamilySearch.Org.” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://www.familysearch.org/en/surname?surname=min. MadMonarchist. “Consort Profile: Empress Myeongseong of Korea.” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://madmonarchist.blogspot.com/2011/10/consort-profile-empress-myeongseong-of.html. Szczepanski, Kallie. “Biography of Queen Min, Korean Empress.” ThoughtCo, July 23, 2012. https://www.thoughtco.com/queen-min-of-joseon-korea-195721. Team, Gale Review. “The Murder of Empress Myeongseong of Korea.” The Gale Review, August 16, 2022. https://review.gale.com/2022/08/16/the-murder-of-empress-myeongseong-of-korea/. “The Legacy of Joseon Korea (1392-1897).” Accessed August 28, 2024. https://www.roots.gov.sg/stories-landing/stories/the-legacy-of-joseon-korea/story.
Larry Donovan made headlines by jumping off the Brooklyn Bridge on 28th August, 1886: a daring feat that earned him the name of the ‘Champion Jumper of the World' and a reputation for daredevil jumps that ultimately led to his early death. Donovan, who worked for the Police Gazette, an early men's magazine filled with sensational stories, prepared for the jump via a mix of practicality and showmanship, deploying weighted shoes to maintain his posture during the fall and padded leggings for protection, but also a black derby hat for style. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly discover the 1880s meme for jumping off bridges; consider why Donovan never attracted the devoted following in Britain he had managed to achieve in America; and reveal how a drunken bet brought the story of this early viral star to a tragic end… CONTENT WARNING: reference to suicide, death by jumping Further Reading: • ‘Larry Donovan, 1880s Bridge Jumper, Lived Too Soon' (Atlas Obscura, 2017): https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/larry-donovan-bridge-jumper • 'Steve Brodie and the Brooklyn Bridge' (ThoughtCo, 2017): https://www.thoughtco.com/steve-brodie-and-the-brooklyn-bridge-1773925 • ‘The Infamous Eiffel Tower Death Jump of 1912' (Content Warning: Death) (Bailey James, 2020): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MDUYPrKKM5M Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
Berengaria of Castile spent much of her life as a political pawn with a throne just in her grasp, only to have it taken away from her time and time again because of her gender. Despite all that, she became an amazing politician who actively contributed to her kingdom's future, whether she was on the throne or not. In her time, she tried to find a balance between a strong politician and a demure medieval queen. Join me to hear her fascinating story. This Podcast is sponsored by Common Era Jewelry. Use code: AYDEN for 15% off your entire order BibliographyBrooklyn Museum. “Berengaria.” Accessed July 4, 2024. https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/berengaria. Order of Medieval Women. “Berengaria of Castile.” Accessed July 4, 2024. https://www.medievalwomen.org/berengaria-of-castile.html. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Alfonso IX of León.” Wikipedia, June 14, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_IX_of_Le%C3%B3n. ———. “Alfonso VIII of Castile.” Wikipedia, March 11, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_VIII_of_Castile. ———. “Berengaria of Castile.” Wikipedia, May 28, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berengaria_of_Castile. ———. “Conrad II, Duke of Swabia.” Wikipedia, April 27, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_II,_Duke_of_Swabia. ———. “Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile.” Wikipedia, June 17, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_England,_Queen_of_Castile. ———. “Henry I of Castile.” Wikipedia, March 19, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_I_of_Castile. Jansen, Sharon L. “Berengaria ‘the Great.'” Accessed July 4, 2024. https://www.monstrousregimentofwomen.com/2017/11/berengaria-great.html. Lewis, Jone Johnson. “Berenguela of Castile, Queen of Leon, Granddaughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine.” ThoughtCo, August 8, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/berenguela-of-castile-3529740. Olaya, Vicente G. “Queen Berengaria's Sad Message Hidden in the Ceiling of a Spanish Convent.” Ediciones EL PAÍS S.L., June 23, 2023. https://english.elpais.com/culture/2023-06-23/queen-berengarias-sad-message-hidden-in-the-ceiling-of-a-spanish-convent.html.
Send us a Text Message.Check out Outer Lore! In January of 1812 a schooner named The Patriot disappeared off the coast of North Carolina's Outer Banks. This dangerous stretch of coastline has claimed some 3,000 ships, earning it the nickname "Graveyard of the Atlantic." Aboard the Patriot was Theodosia Burr Alston, daughter of infamous US vice president Aaron Burr, on her way to visit her father in New York. The disappearance of The Patriot and its famous passenger remain a mystery to this day. The discovery of a portrait resembling Theodosia that supposedly washed up with a shipwreck along the Outer Banks only adds to the mystery. Is the Nags Head portrait really Theodosia Burr? What really happened to her? A storm? Mutiny? Pirates? Is it possible she survived? Support the show! Join the PatreonBuy Me a CoffeeVenmo @Shea-LaFountaineSources: Library of Congress Blogs "The Unsolved Mystery of Aaron Burr's Daughter" ECU Joyner Library Special Collections "Unsolved North Carolina Mysteries: The Case of Theodosia Burr Alston"South Carolina Historical Society "December, 1812: Theodosia Burr Alston is Lost at Sea" allthatsinteresting.com "Inside the Mysterious Disappearance of Aaron Burr's Daughter, Theodosia Burr Alston"teachingamericanhistory.org "The Mysterious Disappearance of Theodosia Burr Alston"DigitalNC "The Real Life 'Hamilton' Sequel Set in Nags Head"National Constitution Center "Aaron Burr's trial and the Constitution's treason clause"The Aaron Burr Association "The Tragedies in Aaron Burr's Life"Encyclopedia Britannica "Aaron Burr"ThoughtCo "Dueling in the 19th Century"Support the show! Join the PatreonBuy Me a CoffeeVenmo @Shea-LaFountaine
Rerun: Chubby Checker's "The Twist", the most popular single in the history of the Billboard Hot 100, was released on 1st August, 1960. It was just a cover version of a B-side which had already been released by its writer, Hank Ballard - but after it appeared on The Dick Clark Show, the world slowly became obsessed with the catchy tune and simple lyrics, and the suggestive dance that inspired it. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly tell the bizarre story of how Checker was selected to perform the version that sold millions of copies; revisit other 60's dance crazes the turkey trot, bunny hug, and the grizzly bear; and explain how the song reached No.1 again two years later, thanks to a completely different audience getting hold of the trend… Further Reading: • ‘The Twist: A Worldwide Dance Craze in the 1960s' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/the-twist-dance-craze-1779369 • ‘‘The Twist' top song of Billboard Hot 100 era' (NBC Today, 2008): https://www.today.com/popculture/twist-top-song-billboard-hot-100-era-1C9421254 • ‘Chubby Checker performs ‘The Twist' & ‘Let's Twist Again' on ‘The Ed Sullivan Show'' (CBS, 1961): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDGprGUreOc ‘Why am I hearing a rerun?' Each Thursday and Friday we repeat stories from our archive of 800+ episodes, so we can maintain the quality of our independent podcast and bring you fresh, free content every Monday-Wednesday… … But
Rerun: China's greatest naval explorer, Zheng He, set sail on the first of seven epic voyages on 11th July, 1405. He led a fleet of 255 ships, with an estimated 28,000 people on board. A eunuch, and a Muslim, he had risen through the ranks to become a right-hand man of the Emperor, and his prowess at sea vastly bettered the likes of his European contemporaries Christopher Columbus and Marco Polo. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly ask whether reports of his size and stature were nonetheless exaggerated; consider why, for many years prior to this, China had limited exploration by sea; and explain why, despite his incredible success, bureaucrats then tried to purge He's name from the records… Further Reading: • ‘Biography of Zheng He, Chinese Admiral' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/zheng-he-ming-chinas-great-admiral-195236 • ‘China's greatest naval explorer sailed his treasure fleets as far as East Africa' (National Geographic): https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/history-and-civilisation/2020/05/chinas-greatest-naval-explorer-sailed-his-treasure-fleets-as-far-as-east-africa • ‘Zheng He: World Explorers' (PBS): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGcbIoTyY6s Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
This episode covers three examples of historically important roads. One is quite ancient, one is an important part of the development of the U.S., and the third is a more modern road that's been lauded for its design. Research: “The Ancient Ridgeway.” Friends of the Ridgeway. https://ridgewayfriends.org.uk/the-trail/the-ancient-ridgeway/· Atkins, Harry. “The Best Historic Sites in Oxfordshire.” History Hit. May 24, 2022. https://www historyhit.com/guides/the-best-historic-sites-in-oxfordshire/· “Avebury.” English Heritage. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/avebury/ Benetti, Alessandro. “The bridge-type autogrill, infrastructure and icon of the Italian highways.” Domus. July 27, 2020. https://www.domusweb.it/en/architecture/2020/07/27/infrastructures-and-icons-the-bridge-type-autogrill-by-angelo-bianchetti-and-mario-pavesi.html Benetti, Alessandro. “Italy's ‘Sun Motorway,' the story of an exceptional infrastructure.” Domus. Aug. 5, 2023. https://www.domusweb.it/en/architecture/gallery/2021/07/16/the-sun-motorway-is-65-years-old-a-short-story-of-an-extraordinary-infrastructure.html Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "macadam". Encyclopedia Britannica, 11 Aug. 2014, https://www.britannica.com/technology/macadam-road-construction Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Saxony". Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Jun. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/place/Saxony-historical-region-duchy-and-kingdom-Europe Calvano, Angela & Canducci, Andrea & Rufini, Andrea. (2023). Urban regeneration of public housing settlements, in Rome: the case study of San Basilio district. Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability. 8. 10.1051/rees/2023012 Cleaver, Emily. “Against All Odds, England's Massive Chalk Horse Has Survived 3,000 Years.” Smithsonian. July 6, 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/3000-year-old-uffington-horse-looms-over-english-countryside-180963968/ Ellis, Sian. “Just follow the Ridgeway, Britain's oldest highway.” British Heritage. April 30, 2024. https://britishheritage.com/travel/the-ridgeway-britains-oldest-highway Haughton, Brian. “The White Horse of Uffington.” March 30, 2011. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/229/the-white-horse-of-uffington/ Johnson, Ben. “Ancient Standing Stones.” Historic UK. https://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/Ancient-Standing-Stones/ “Lane Width.” U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration. https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/geometric/pubs/mitigationstrategies/chapter3/3_lanewidth.cfm Lenarduzzi, Thea. “The Motorway That Built Italy: Piero Puricelli's masterpiece is the focus of an unlikely pilgrimage.” Independent UK. Jan. 30, 2016. https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/europe/the-world-s-first-motorway-piero-puricelli-s-masterpiece-is-the-focus-of-an-unlikely-pilgrimage-a6840816.html Longfellow, Rickie. “The National Road.” U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration. https://highways.dot.gov/highway-history/general-highway-history/back-time/national-road Mclaughlan, Scott, PhD. “What were the enclosure acts?” The Collector. Nov. 12, 2023. https://www.thecollector.com/what-were-the-enclosure-acts/ McNamara, Robert. "The National Road, America's First Major Highway." ThoughtCo, Apr. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/the-national-road-177405 “The National Road.” National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/articles/national-road.htm “National Road Heritage Corridor.” https://nationalroadpa.org/ "The Nation's First Mega-Project: A Legislative History of the Cumberland Road" United States Department of transportation. 2021. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/68561 Nifosi, Giuseppe. “Michelucci's Highway Church.” Art Unveiled. https://www.artesvelata.it/chiesa-autostrada-michelucci/ “RESEARCH AND SOURCES FOR WAYLAND'S SMITHY.” English Heritage. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/waylands-smithy/history/research-and-sources/ “The Ridgeway.” National Trails. https://www.nationaltrail.co.uk/en_GB/trails/the-ridgeway/ “The Ridgeway Information.” National Trails. https://www.nationaltrail.co.uk/en_GB/trails/the-ridgeway/trail-information/ Stenton, F. M. “The Road System of Medieval England.” The Economic History Review, vol. 7, no. 1, 1936, pp. 1–21. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/2590730 “WAYLAND'S SMITHY.” English Heritage. https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/waylands-smithy/ “Wayland's Smithy chambered long barrow, including an early barrow and Rion Age and Roman boundary ditches.” Historic England. https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1008409?section=official-list-entry Whittle, Alasdair & Brothwell, Don & Cullen, Rachel & Gardner, Neville & Kerney, M.. (2014). Wayland's Smithy, Oxfordshire: Excavations at the Neolithic Tomb in 1962–63 by R. J. C. Atkinson and S. Piggott. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society. 57. 61-101. 10.1017/S0079497X00004515. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
IN THIS EPISODE: I'll share a heartbreaking story of love gone wrong. It's a tale of passion, betrayal, murder, and the electric chair. (Love And The Electric Chair) *** The terrifying true story of the abduction of Linda Cortile – was she truly abucted by aliens or is there another explanation? (The Abduction of Linda Cortile) *** A man keeps seeing shadowy figures in his peripheral vision. (Her Feet Were Swinging) *** They say the widow's ghost lingers in the tower of the Drish House - and sets the house ablaze with phantom fire. (The Drish House Hauntings) * It is said that some hundred years ago, people in Jamaica believed the powers of so-called “Shadow Killers” - but who or what were they? (The Shadow Killers of Jamaica) *** Fifteen acres of land purchased by the city of Long Beach, California in 1976 is what comprises a place known as DeForest Park. By day it is filled with sun, sand, and fun. By night, it is filled with shudders, scares, and screams. (The Darkness of DeForest Park) *** Friends were planning for a good time of dirt biking, hunting, and drinking beer. They should never have visited the cemetery. (The Haunted Farmstead) *** Two women walking home in the twilight come across the ghost of a woman dead for the past year. *** A man tells the terrifying story of how he was possessed by a demon. *** Two girls discover that even if you don't believe a legend of ghostly children, you still shouldn't tease them. *** If you vacation at Carlsbad Lagoon, you'll need something stronger than sunscreen to protect you. *** Traumatic events can sometimes trigger poltergeist activity, but for one young girl, the torment seemed to have no end. *** The hills of Northern Chile are not safe for men walking alone at night. A female spirit known as La Lola stalks the night, lost and enraged over the murder of her husband. *** Glowing eyes in the dark, a man in a dark suit, and a party in the other room… none of which are real, except to two young girls who swear it actually happened. *** Lehigh, Oklahoma – with the dark past of gangsters, the KKK, a corrupt sheriff… and the paranormal. YOUTUBE CHAPTERS & TIME STAMPS…00:00:00.000 = Title Story Preview and Show Open00:04:35.459 = The Alien Abduction of Linda Cortile00:14:11.003 = The Drish Hauntings00:18:41.830 = The Darkness of DeForest Park00:22:22.573 = The Haunted Farmstead00:30:16.122 = The Shadow Killers of Jamaica00:35:54.902 = Her Feet Were Swinging00:40:04.181 = Love And The Electric Chair00:49:35.598 = My First Spooky Experience00:54:33.033 = The Haunting of Laura01:04:04.565 = The Ghostly Kids of Hungry Hollow Road01:06:44.349 = I Was Possessed By A Demon01:10:25.134 = The Woman IN The Blue Sari01:12:49.273 = Carlsbad Lagoon's Sinister Siren01:16:25.847 = La Lola, The Vengeful Female Spirit of Northern Chile01:20:25.885 = Haunted Lehigh, Oklahoma01:26:07.059 = Show CloseSOURCES AND REFERENCES FROM THE EPISODE…“Love And The Electric Chair” by Troy Taylor: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/y9x5dszv“The Abduction of Linda Cortile” by Les Hewitt for Paranorms.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1s7n41oz“Her Feet Were Swinging” from YourGhostStories.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/504clul2“The Drish Hauntings” by Elisabeth Tilstra for The Line Up: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/2dqwhue5“The Darkness of DeForest Park” from BackpackerVerse: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1x5i7veu“The Haunted Farmstead” from GhostsNGhouls.com (link no longer valid)“The Shadow Killers of Jamaica” from MessageToEagle.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/4jjws8tp“The Woman in the Blue Sari” by Amardeep Singh for MyHauntedLifeToo.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/3ozpxps6“I Was Possessed By a Demon” by Jon Austin for Express.co.uk: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/m9m5jbe0“The Ghostly Kids of Hungry Hollow Road” submitted anonymously to Weird Darkness: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/drwxy79f“Carlsbad Lagoon's Sinister Siren” from BackpackerVerse: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1d1sye5y“The Haunting of Laura” from ThoughtCo.com (link no longer available)“La Lola: The Vengeful Female Spirit in Northern Chile“ from ParanormalInvestigating.com (website no longer exists)“My First Spooky Experience” submitted anonymously to Weird Darkness: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/mmw30w8x“Haunted Lehigh, Oklahoma” by Paul Dale Roberts, submitted to MyHauntedLifeToo.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/4yj3u7ayWeird Darkness theme by Alibi Music Library= = = = =(Over time links seen above may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2024, Weird Darkness.= = = = =Originally aired: February, 2019CUSTOM LANDING PAGE: https://weirddarkness.com/alien-abduction-of-linda-cortile/
Send us a Text Message.Join the Patreon for exclusive bonus content! Othniel Charles Marsh and Edward Drinker Cope were American paleontologists during the second half of the 19th century. Although they started as friends, they soon turned bitter enemies, competing against one another for 20 years to find and name the most fossils. This duel, often dubbed the “bone wars” led to espionage, sabotage, scandal, backstabbing, name calling, bribery, theft, and the throwing of literal rocks. It also led to a lot of mistakes made in haste. But, at the end of the day, it led to the discovery of 130 dinosaur species including Stegosaurus, Triceratops, Allosaurus, Apatosaurus (AKA Brontosaurus… I'll explain in the episode!), and more. Check out this week's episode of History Fix to learn more, wherever you get your podcasts (or link in bio). Sources: PBS American Experience "O.C. Marsh and E.D. Cope: A Rivalry"Encyclopedia Britannica "George Peabody"BBC "The bitter dinosaur feud at the heart of paleontology"ThoughtCo "The 20-Year Bone Wars That Changed History"WTTW "The Two Paleontologists Who Had a Bone to Pick With Each Other"Berkeley University "Early Dinosaur Discoveries in North America"Mental Floss "Edward Drinker Cope and the Story of the Paleontologist's Wandering Skull"Support the show! Join the PatreonBuy Me a CoffeeVenmo @Shea-LaFountaine
It's Pride Month, and I thought what a great time to talk about the other half of one of the most infamous pirate duos in history: pirate queen Mary Read. We don't know a ton for sure about Mary's life before she became a pirate. However, we do know that Mary had wild adventures disguised as a boy in the military before she ever took up a life of privacy with her girlfriend, Anne Bonney and Anne Bonney's boyfriend, Jack Rackham. Join me on this episode to learn the wild tale of how a less than half-a-year private career made Mary the most famous female pirate in history. Bibliography Abbott, Karen. “If There's a Man Among Ye: The Tale of Pirate Queens Anne Bonny and Mary Read.” Smithsonian Magazine, August 9, 2011. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/if-theres-a-man-among-ye-the-tale-of-pirate-queens-anne-bonny-and-mary-read-45576461/. Cartwright, Mark. “Calico Jack.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.worldhistory.org/Calico_Jack/. ———. “Mary Read.” World History Encyclopedia. Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.worldhistory.org/Mary_Read/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Mary Read.” Wikipedia, May 12, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Read. “Early Life · Mary Read and Anne Bonny: Two of England's Most Notorious Pirates · Gallery.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://gallery.lib.umn.edu/exhibits/show/mary-read-anne-bonny/mary-read/mary-read--early-life. Pirates! Fact and Legend. “Life in a Man's World: Mary Read.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.piratesinfo.com/famous-pirates/mary-read/life-in-a-mans-world-mary-read/. Historic UK. “Mary Read the Pirate,” September 3, 2017. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Mary-Read-Pirate. Minster, Christopher. “Biography of Mary Read, English Pirate.” ThoughtCo, February 8, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/biography-of-mary-read-2136221. Queen Anne's Revenge Project. “Pirate Profile: Mary Read.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.qaronline.org/blog/2020-03-15/pirate-mary-read. Simon, Rebecca Alexandra. Pirate Queens: The Lives of Anne Bonny & Mary Read. Pen and Sword History, 2022. “The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Pyrates, by Daniel Defoe.” Accessed May 18, 2024. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/40580/40580-h/40580-h.htm. Tikkanen, Amy. “Mary Read.” Encyclopedia Britannica, August 2, 2017. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Read.
Solon is one of the seven sages of Athens, and he's credited with laying the groundwork for Athenian democracy. But most of what we know about him comes biographies written centuries after he lived. Research: Aristotle, tr. Sir Frederic G. Kenyon. “The Athenian Constitution.” https://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/athenian_const.1.1.html Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Draco". Encyclopedia Britannica, 28 Feb. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Draco-Greek-lawgiver Cadoux, T. J. “The Athenian Archons from Kreon to Hypsichides.” The Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol. 68, 1948, pp. 70–123. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/626301 Cartwright, Mark. “Solon.” World History Encyclopedia. March 10, 2016. https://www.worldhistory.org/solon/ Forrest, W. G., and D. L. Stockton. “The Athenian Archons: A Note.” Historia: Zeitschrift Für Alte Geschichte, vol. 36, no. 2, 1987, pp. 235–40. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4436007 French, A. “Solon and the Megarian Question.” The Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol. 77, 1957, pp. 238–46. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/629363 Gill, N.S. "Solon's Reforms and the Rise of Democracy in Athens." ThoughtCo, Aug. 30, 2020, thoughtco.com/solons-reforms-democracy-121062. Hölkeskamp, Karl-Joachim. “What's in a Code? Solon's Laws between Complexity, Compilation and Contingency.” Hermes, vol. 133, no. 3, 2005, pp. 280–93. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4477659 Leão, Delfim F. and P.J. Rhodes. “The Laws of Solon.” I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd. London. 2015. Linforth, Ivan Mortimer. “Solon the Athenian.” University of California Press. 1919. Accessed online: https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=_NENAAAAIAAJ&rdid=book-_NENAAAAIAAJ&rdot=1 Plutarch, and Aubrey Stewart, MA. “Plutarch's Lives.” George Bell & Sons. London. 1894. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/14033/14033-h/14033-h.htm#LIFE_OF_SOLON Plutarch, and John Dryden. “Plutarch's Lives.” Little, Brown & Co. Boston. 1895. Accessed online: https://archive.org/details/plutarchslivest02clougoog/page/n7/mode/1up Starr, Chester G.. "Peisistratus". Encyclopedia Britannica, 1 Apr. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Peisistratus See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
India's most famous building, Agra's Taj Mahal, was commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan - following the death in childbirth of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, on 17th June, 1631. Renowned for its stunning architecture - a blend of Indian, Persian, and Islamic styles - the mausoleum can be seen not only as a testament to the couple's love (despite the fact the Shah had three other wives…), but also as an embodiment of his empire's extraordinary wealth and power. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly reveal the scale of the workforce brought in to construct this pioneering palace; consider whether Mumtaz truly was a ‘Queen of Hearts'; and assess the various Taj Mahal replicas across the world… Further Reading: • ‘The History and Love Story of the Taj Mahal' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/the-taj-mahal-1434536 • 'A husband's love built the Taj Mahal—but cost him an empire' (National Geographic): https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/history-magazine/article/a-husbands-love-built-the-taj-mahal-but-cost-him-an-empire • ‘Is this the most beautiful building in the world? - Stephanie Honchell Smith' (TedEd, 2023): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v580zy82rcE Love the show? Support us! Join
Once Dr. Ray Damadian had the idea to create a machine that used nuclear magnetic resonance to capture diagnostic data by scanning a human body, he still had to build it. And though he did, other scientists got credit for inventing the MRI. Research: Bashir U, Rock P, Murphy A, et al. T2 relaxation. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org. https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-16494 Bellis, Mary. "A Guide to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)." ThoughtCo, Apr. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri-1992133 Bloch, Felix. “The Principle of Nuclear Induction.” Nobel Lecture. Dec. 11, 1952. https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/bloch-lecture-1.pdf Bloembergen, Nicolas. “Edward M. Purcell (1912-97).” Nature. April 17, 1997. https://www.nature.com/articles/386662a0.pdf Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Isidor Isaac Rabi". Encyclopedia Britannica, 3 Apr. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isidor-Isaac-Rabi Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Paul Lauterbur". Encyclopedia Britannica, 2 May. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-Lauterbur Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "nuclear magnetic resonance". Encyclopedia Britannica, 25 Apr. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/science/nuclear-magnetic-resonance Damadian, Raymond, and Jeff Kinley. “Gifted Mind: The Dr. Raymond Damadian Story.” Master Books. 2015. Damadian R. “Tumor detection by nuclear magnetic resonance.” Science. 1971 Mar 19;171(3976):1151-3. doi: 10.1126/science.171.3976.1151 Deutsch, Claudia H. “Patent Fights Aplenty for MRI Pioneer.” New York Times. July 12, 1997. https://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/12/business/patent-fights-aplenty-for-mri-pioneer.html “Dr. Edward Purcell, 84, Dies; Shared Nobel Prize in Physics.” New York Times. March 10, 1997. https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/10/us/dr-edward-purcell-84-dies-shared-nobel-prize-in-physics.html Drew Z, Jones J, Murphy A, et al. Longitudinal and transverse magnetization. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 03 Jun 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-60738 "Edward Mills Purcell." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 78. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9977 :"Felix Bloch." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4547 LAUTERBUR, P. Image Formation by Induced Local Interactions: Examples Employing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Nature242, 190–191 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1038/242190a0 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 1994. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/4547. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2000. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 78. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/9977. Hofstadter, Robert. “Felix Bloch.” National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 1994. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/4547. Isidor Isaac Rabi – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2024. Tue. 4 Jun 2024. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1944/rabi/biographical/ Jones J, Howden W, Rock P, et al. T1 relaxation time. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 03 Jun 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-6315 Luiten, A.L. (1999). Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Historical Introduction. In: Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03800-0_1 MacWilliams, B. Russian claims first in magnetic imaging. Nature426, 375 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/426375a “Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).” National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioEngineering. https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri “The Man Who Did Not Win.” Sydney Morning Herald. October 17, 2003. https://www.smh.com.au/national/the-man-who-did-not-win-20031017-gdhlpn.html Odeblad E, Lindström G. Some preliminary observations on the proton magnetic resonance in biologic samples. Acta Radiol Suppl (Stockholm). 2008 Aug;434:57-61. doi: 10.1080/02841850802133337 Paul C. Lauterbur – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2024. Tue. 4 Jun 2024. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2003/lauterbur/biographical/ Plewes, Donald B., PhD, and Walter Kucharczyk, PhD. “Physics of MRI: A Primer.” MR Physics for Clinicians. April 12, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.23642 Prasad, Amit. “The (Amorphous) Anatomy of an Invention: The Case of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).” Social Studies of Science, vol. 37, no. 4, 2007, pp. 533–60. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25474534 Purcell, E.M. et al. “Resonance Absorption by Nuclear Magnetic Moments in a Solid.” Physics Review. January 1, 1946. https://journals.aps.org/pr/pdf/10.1103/PhysRev.69.37 “Raymond Damadian.” Lemelson-MIT. https://lemelson.mit.edu/award-winners/raymond-damadian Sandomir, Richard. “Raymond Damadian, Creator of the First M.R.I. Scanner, Dies at 86.” New York Times. Aug. 17, 2022. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/17/science/raymond-damadian-dead.html Serai, Suraj, PhD, and Tony Dandino. “Why are MRI scans so loud?” Cincinnati Children's Radiology Department Blog. October 13, 2016. https://radiologyblog.cincinnatichildrens.org/whats-with-all-the-noise/ Sullivan, Walter. “Five Named as Winners of Lasker Medical Research Awards.” New York Times. Nov. 15, 1984. https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/15/us/five-named-as-winners-of-lasker-medical-research-awards.html National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2000. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 78. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/9977. Wakefield, Julie. “The ‘Indomitable' MRI.” Smithsonian. June 2000. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-indomitable-mri-29126670/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Who invented the MRI? Well, that's actually tricky to say, and it is a topic that still opens debate. In this first part, we'll talk about the various developments in physics that led to the idea of an MRI machine even existing. Research: Bashir U, Rock P, Murphy A, et al. T2 relaxation. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org. https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-16494 Bellis, Mary. "A Guide to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)." ThoughtCo, Apr. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri-1992133 Bloch, Felix. “The Principle of Nuclear Induction.” Nobel Lecture. Dec. 11, 1952. https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/bloch-lecture-1.pdf Bloembergen, Nicolas. “Edward M. Purcell (1912-97).” Nature. April 17, 1997. https://www.nature.com/articles/386662a0.pdf Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Isidor Isaac Rabi". Encyclopedia Britannica, 3 Apr. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isidor-Isaac-Rabi Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Paul Lauterbur". Encyclopedia Britannica, 2 May. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Paul-Lauterbur Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "nuclear magnetic resonance". Encyclopedia Britannica, 25 Apr. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/science/nuclear-magnetic-resonance Damadian, Raymond, and Jeff Kinley. “Gifted Mind: The Dr. Raymond Damadian Story.” Master Books. 2015. Damadian R. “Tumor detection by nuclear magnetic resonance.” Science. 1971 Mar 19;171(3976):1151-3. doi: 10.1126/science.171.3976.1151 Deutsch, Claudia H. “Patent Fights Aplenty for MRI Pioneer.” New York Times. July 12, 1997. https://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/12/business/patent-fights-aplenty-for-mri-pioneer.html “Dr. Edward Purcell, 84, Dies; Shared Nobel Prize in Physics.” New York Times. March 10, 1997. https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/10/us/dr-edward-purcell-84-dies-shared-nobel-prize-in-physics.html Drew Z, Jones J, Murphy A, et al. Longitudinal and transverse magnetization. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 03 Jun 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-60738 "Edward Mills Purcell." National Academy of Sciences. 2000. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 78. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9977 :"Felix Bloch." National Academy of Sciences. 1994. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/4547 LAUTERBUR, P. Image Formation by Induced Local Interactions: Examples Employing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Nature242, 190–191 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1038/242190a0 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 1994. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/4547. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2000. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 78. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/9977. Hofstadter, Robert. “Felix Bloch.” National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 1994. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/4547. Isidor Isaac Rabi – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2024. Tue. 4 Jun 2024. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1944/rabi/biographical/ Jones J, Howden W, Rock P, et al. T1 relaxation time. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 03 Jun 2024) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-6315 Luiten, A.L. (1999). Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Historical Introduction. In: Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03800-0_1 MacWilliams, B. Russian claims first in magnetic imaging. Nature426, 375 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/426375a “Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).” National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioEngineering. https://www.nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri “The Man Who Did Not Win.” Sydney Morning Herald. October 17, 2003. https://www.smh.com.au/national/the-man-who-did-not-win-20031017-gdhlpn.html Odeblad E, Lindström G. Some preliminary observations on the proton magnetic resonance in biologic samples. Acta Radiol Suppl (Stockholm). 2008 Aug;434:57-61. doi: 10.1080/02841850802133337 Paul C. Lauterbur – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2024. Tue. 4 Jun 2024. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2003/lauterbur/biographical/ Plewes, Donald B., PhD, and Walter Kucharczyk, PhD. “Physics of MRI: A Primer.” MR Physics for Clinicians. April 12, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.23642 Prasad, Amit. “The (Amorphous) Anatomy of an Invention: The Case of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).” Social Studies of Science, vol. 37, no. 4, 2007, pp. 533–60. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25474534 Purcell, E.M. et al. “Resonance Absorption by Nuclear Magnetic Moments in a Solid.” Physics Review. January 1, 1946. https://journals.aps.org/pr/pdf/10.1103/PhysRev.69.37 “Raymond Damadian.” Lemelson-MIT. https://lemelson.mit.edu/award-winners/raymond-damadian Sandomir, Richard. “Raymond Damadian, Creator of the First M.R.I. Scanner, Dies at 86.” New York Times. Aug. 17, 2022. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/17/science/raymond-damadian-dead.html Serai, Suraj, PhD, and Tony Dandino. “Why are MRI scans so loud?” Cincinnati Children's Radiology Department Blog. October 13, 2016. https://radiologyblog.cincinnatichildrens.org/whats-with-all-the-noise/ Sullivan, Walter. “Five Named as Winners of Lasker Medical Research Awards.” New York Times. Nov. 15, 1984. https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/15/us/five-named-as-winners-of-lasker-medical-research-awards.html National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2000. Biographical Memoirs: Volume 78. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/9977. Wakefield, Julie. “The ‘Indomitable' MRI.” Smithsonian. June 2000. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-indomitable-mri-29126670/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
IN THIS EPISODE: Cemeteries are more than just resting places for the dead; they are steeped in history, emotion, and, some believe, paranormal activity. We'll explore the eerie tales and scientific theories that make these hallowed grounds a focal point for ghostly encounters. (Unveiling The Secrets of Spirits At Cemeteries) *** Ever driven down a dark, winding country road and felt the hair on the back of your neck stand up? It's very possible you did if you were traveling down Sleepy Hollow Road. This isn't the Washington Irving tale of a hamlet in New York State – this is an infamous road in Kentucky with eerie legends of ghostly hearses, time warps, satanic rituals and haunted bridges. (The Sleepy Hollow of Kentucky) *** In the picturesque village of Bennington, Vermont, 18-year-old Paula Jean Welden disappeared on a chilly December afternoon in 1946. The case took many twists, including a fruitless search in the wilderness, misleading clues, and even the formation of the Vermont State Police due to criticism of the investigation. To this day, Paula's fate remains unknown. (Vanished: The Unsolved Disappearance of Paula Jean Welden”) *** In 1968, Spain experienced an unprecedented wave of UFO and humanoid sightings that left many mystified, terrified… and mesmerized. From encounters with mysterious figures in homes, to bizarre sightings outdoors, 1968 had the entire country of Spain talking about aliens from outer space. (1968: The Year Of High Strangeness) *** Despite humanity's efforts to control nature, sometimes the natural world pushes back in unexpected and chaotic ways. From a pigeon poop-induced blackout in Japan to a squirrel terrorizing a Welsh town, animals can disrupt our lives… and sometimes in humorous ways. (Man Vs Nature – When Animals Wreak Havoc) *** On a stormy night in April 1893, two condemned prisoners at Sing Sing Prison blinded a guard with pepper spray, and executed a daring escape down the Hudson River that left authorities baffled and the public enthralled. (The Great Escape From Sing Sing) *** You seemed to like my new film noir story idea, so I have another Murder Noir tonight – based on a true case from Halloween Day, 1981 when 11-year-old Karl Heikell told his parents he was going for a walk in Calumet, Michigan. He never returned home. (Murder Noir: The Case of the Vanishing Trick-or-Treater) *** Did pterosaurs, the ancient flying reptiles, truly vanish millions of years ago, or do they still soar through our skies? We'll look at claims of modern-day sightings, some controversial theories, and a tantalizing photograph that challenges their extinction. Could these prehistoric flying giants still be among us in hiding? YOUTUBE CHAPTERS & TIME STAMPS…00:00:00.000 = Title Story Preview00:01:04.228 = Show Open00:04:28.333 = Unveiling The Secrets of Spirits In Cemeteries00:16:10.533 = The Great Escape From Sing Sing00:21:06.361 = Vanished: the Unsolved Disappearance of Paula Jean Welden00:27:23.337 = The Sleepy Hollow of Kentucky00:35:27.839 = 1968: The Year of High Strangeness00:42:35.562 = Man Vs Nature – When Animals Wreak Havoc00:53:52.841 = In Search Of Living Pterosaurs (links to photos below)00:57:56.382 = Show CloseSOURCES AND REFERENCES FROM THE EPISODE…“In Search of Living Pterosaurs” by David Albaugh for BasementOfTheBizarre.com (used with permission): https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/yjvb29mrPHOTO OF PTEROSAUR FROM CIVIL WAR: https://weirddarkness.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PterosaurPhotoFromCivlWar.pngPHOTO OF PTEROSAUR FROM OLD WEST, NAILED TO BARN: https://weirddarkness.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/PterosaurPhotoFromOldWest.png“Unveiling The Secrets Of Spirits In Cemeteries” sources: ***Encyclopaedia Britannica:https://www.britannica.com/topic/burial-death-rite; ***The World History Encyclopedia:https://www.worldhistory.org/burial/; ***Ecobear: https://ecobear.co/resources/dying-and-death/history-of-cemeteries/; ***ThoughtCo: https://www.thoughtco.com/death-and-burial-customs-1421757; ***Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burial“Vanished: The Unsolved Disappearance of Paula Jean Welden” by Gary Sweeney for The-Line-Up.com (used with permission): https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/2p853yzu“The Sleepy Hollow of Kentucky” source: Todd Atteberry, GothicHorrorStories.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/e57rjdm8“1968: The Year of High Strangeness” source: Brent Swancer, MysteriousUniverse.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/yckpzv8m“Man Vs Nature – When Animal Wreak Havoc” source: George Wilson, ListVerse.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/nkc5nyr6“The Great Escape From Sing Sing” source: Robert Wilhelm, MurderByGaslight.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/yc2mj26dWeird Darkness theme by Alibi Music Library. = = = = =(Over time links seen above may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2024, Weird Darkness.= = = = =Originally aired: June 07, 2024CUSTOM WEBPAGE: https://weirddarkness.com/revealing-the-secrets-of-ghosts-in-cemeteries/
Matilda of Scotland has often been overshadowed in her accomplishments because of her saintly mother and empress daughter, but it was because of her mother that she became who she needed to be to make sure her daughter could be even better. Matilda had a rough but pretty normal Scottish royal childhood with a lot of murder and succession crises, but it hardened her to make her an astute politician in the court of her husband, Henry I. In addition to that, Matilda was worldly and generous and made her court one of culture and arts, and she made active efforts to be kind and helpulf to the less fortunate, a trait instilled in her by her mother. Come join me to learn about her facinating story. Bibliography Brown, Laura. “Queen Matilda of Scotland.” The Scots Magazine, October 25, 2019. https://www.scotsmagazine.com/articles/series/queen-matilda-of-scotland/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Empress Matilda.” Wikipedia, April 13, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empress_Matilda. ———. “Henry I of England.” Wikipedia, April 3, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_I_of_England#Family_and_children. ———. “Malcolm III of Scotland.” Wikipedia, February 21, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_III_of_Scotland. ———. “Matilda of Scotland.” Wikipedia, April 18, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matilda_of_Scotland#Death. ———. “Saint Margaret of Scotland.” Wikipedia, April 15, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland. ———. “William Adelin.” Wikipedia, January 28, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Adelin. Lewis, Jone Johnson. “Biography of Matilda of Scotland, Wife of Henry I of England.” ThoughtCo, November 28, 2011. https://www.thoughtco.com/matilda-of-scotland-3529598. New World Encyclopedia. “Matilda of Scotland.” Accessed April 18, 2024. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Matilda_of_Scotland. The Freelance History Writer. “Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England,” June 10, 2012. https://thefreelancehistorywriter.com/2012/06/10/matilda-of-scotland-queen-of-england/. “Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England.” Accessed April 18, 2024. https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/normans_6.html#google_vignette. pixeltocode.uk, PixelToCode. “Matilda (Maud) Wife of Henry I.” Westminster Abbey. Accessed April 18, 2024. https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/matilda-maud-wife-of-henry-i. Susan. “Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England.” Unofficial Royalty, September 1, 2016. https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/matilda-of-scotland-queen-of-england/. Rebecca Starr Brown. “The Almost Saint Matilda of Scotland,” May 1, 2017. https://rebeccastarrbrown.com/2017/05/01/the-almost-saint-matilda-of-scotland/.
Gottlieb Daimler's patent for his high-speed petrol engine (dubbed the "Grandfather Clock") on 3rd April, 1885, wasn't just a technological breakthrough—it inadvertently birthed the motorbike. Teaming up with Wilhelm Maybach, the duo had crafted a compact engine featuring float-metered carburetors and mushroom intake valves, all powered by hot tube ignition. This engine found its way into their first vehicle prototype, the Petroleum Riding Car, which bore little resemblance to today's motorcycles but represented a pioneering step towards motorised transportation. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly explain how it was not Daimler, but his son, Paul, who became the first-ever motorbiker; consider the steam-powered predecessors that could potentially lay claim to inventing the motorbike; and explain how Daimler took what he'd learned from these experiences to establish Mercedes… Further Reading: • ‘An Overview of the Motorcycle's History' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-the-motorcycle-1992151 • ‘History Channel' (Motoring World, 2017): https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Motoring_World/Pt0xDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Daimler+Reitwagen&pg=PA26&printsec=frontcover • ‘The riding car – a Daimler patent' (Mercedes-Benz TV, 2010): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z0Tvuya6otc Love the show? Join
If I had an award to give out for the messiest Queen of England, I'm sure Isabella of Angoulême would be in the running. Isabella started out as a young child heiress in France and had the unfortunate experience of being married to bad King John. It gets worse from there. Come join me this week to hear her crazy story. Bibliography Rebecca Starr Brown. “A Legacy of Destruction: King John & Isabella of Angouleme,” June 7, 2017. https://rebeccastarrbrown.com/2017/06/07/a-legacy-of-destruction-king-john-isabella-of-angouleme/. Bloks, Moniek. “Isabella of Angoulême - Queen of England.” History of Royal Women, June 17, 2017. https://www.historyofroyalwomen.com/isabella-of-angouleme/isabella-angouleme-queen-england/. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Alice of Courtenay.” Wikipedia, June 1, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_of_Courtenay. ———. “Aymer, Count of Angoulême.” Wikipedia, September 17, 2021. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymer,_Count_of_Angoul%C3%AAme. ———. “Hugh IX of Lusignan.” Wikipedia, October 7, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_IX_of_Lusignan. ———. “Hugh X of Lusignan.” Wikipedia, November 3, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_X_of_Lusignan. ———. “Isabella of Angoulême.” Wikipedia, December 12, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_of_Angoul%C3%AAme. ———. “John, King of England.” Wikipedia, January 14, 2024. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John,_King_of_England. “History of Isabella of Angoulême.” Accessed January 14, 2024. https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/plantagenet_31.html. History... the interesting bits! “Isabelle d'Angoulême: A Complicated Queen,” January 22, 2022. https://historytheinterestingbits.com/2022/01/22/isabelle-dangouleme-a-complicated-queen/. The Freelance History Writer. “Isabelle of Angoulême, Queen of England,” May 15, 2015. https://thefreelancehistorywriter.com/2015/05/15/isabelle-of-angouleme-queen-of-england/. Lewis, Jone Johnson. “Isabella of Angouleme: Young Queen Consort of John of England.” ThoughtCo, December 4, 2010. https://www.thoughtco.com/isabella-of-angouleme-biography-3530277. Ratio7.com, Steve -. “Isabella of Angoulême, Wife of King John.” Magna Carta Trust 800th Anniversary | Celebrating 800 years of democracy, August 29, 2014. https://magnacarta800th.com/schools/biographies/women-of-magna-carta/isabella-of-angouleme-wife-of-king-john/. Roller, Sarah. “How Did King John Lose the Crown Jewels?” History Hit. Accessed January 14, 2024. https://www.historyhit.com/day-king-john-loses-crown-jewels-wash/.
Former actor and SAG President Ronald Reagan was inaugurated as Governor of California just after midnight on 2nd January, 1967: the end of the beginning of a hugely successful political career that would propel him all the way to the White House. Reagan's used oratory to gain prominence, notably his 1964 speech ‘A Time for Choosing', supporting Barry Goldwater's Presidential campaign, which established the Reaganite themes of anti-communism, limited government, and individual freedom. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly discover how Reagan's Governorship led him to Commander In Chief; demonstrate how his political evolution from liberal Democrat to conservative Republican showcased his adaptability and pragmatism; and consider how he used charm and wit (oh, and astrology…) to connect with the public and beat Jimmy Carter at his own game… Further Reading: ‘Ronald Reagan nominated for governor of California, June 7, 1966' (HISTORY, 2009): https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/reagan-nominated-for-governor-of-california ‘Biography of Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the U.S.' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/ronald-reagan-fast-facts-104885 ‘"A Time for Choosing" by Ronald Reagan' (Barry Goldwater Campaign, 1964): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXBswFfh6AY Love the show? Join
We're back with new episodes on New Year's Day, but, before we finally turn our backs on 2023 for good, here's Olly's choice for his favourite episode of the year - our story from 23rd May, the day in 1701 when sea captain William Kidd was executed for piracy and murder. From the gallows, Kidd proclaimed to the large assembled crowd that he was innocent of the crimes, as he was a licensed privateer. The vessel he'd captured, the Quedagh Merchant, was indeed sailing under a ‘French pass' – though the documents that prove this lay unearthed until the 20th century. His trial was used by the governing Tory party as a political opportunity to embarrass his Whig sponsors, and he was convicted on all counts. In this episode, The Retrospectors explain what happened to his body after his botched hanging; reveal the extraordinary monetary value of his plunder; and explain how, despite his established prowess as a seaman, he became seen as a public enemy… Further Reading: ‘Biography of Captain William Kidd, Scottish Pirate' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/captain-william-kidd-2136225 ‘The sacrifice of Captain Kidd' (HistoryExtra, 2011): https://www.historyextra.com/period/stuart/the-sacrifice-of-captain-kidd/ ‘Accidental Pirate' (National Geographic, 2008): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f4aGvWzFoko Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
Arion's favourite episode from 2023 is this romp from May 12th, the day on which, in 1911, Richard the Lionheart finally got hitched. His Bride? Berengaria of Navarre, daughter of King Sancho VI – a key ally in extending his Kingdom across Europe. Sure, he may have already slept with her brother, but hey, that's less awkward than marrying his original betrothed princess, his father's mistress. The marriage was indifferent and potentially unconsummated; Berengaria becoming the only English Queen in history never to set foot in England. In this episode, The Retrospectors explain how the happy couple came to be wed in Cyprus in the first place; investigate whether it really is sacrilegious to get married over Lent; and consider historians' claims that Richard's proclivity for sharing a bed with the King of France was *purely symbolic*… We'll be back with new episodes from January 1st. In the meantime, get an ad-free feed of the show and unlock our Sunday episodes one year early by joining
Mary Somerville was dubbed the Queen of Science, a title earned through a lifetime of learning all she could about various math and science subjects and then parsing those concepts out in her writing for more general audiences. Research: Collins, Helen. “Mary Somerville: Her Legacy for Women in Science.” Oxford Scientist. Feb. 11, 2022. https://oxsci.org/mary-somerville-her-legacy-for-women-in-science/ Gregersen, Erik. "Mary Somerville". Encyclopedia Britannica, 22 Dec. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Somerville Neeley, Kathryn A. “Mary Somerville: Science, Illumination, and the Female Mind.” Cambridge University Press. 2001. Somerville, Mary. “On the magnetizing power of the more refrangible solar rays.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. December 31, 1833. Volume 2. Accessed online: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspl.1815.0282 Somerville, Mary. “Personal Recollections, from Early Life to Old Age, of Mary Somerville.” John Murray, London. 1872. Accessed online: https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/27747/pg27747-images.html Somerville, Mary. “On Molecular and Microscopic Science.” John Murray. London. 1869. Accessed online: https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/55886/pg55886-images.html Uri, John. “175 Years Ago: Astronomers Discover Neptune, the Eighth Planet.” NASA. Sept. 21, 2021. https://www.nasa.gov/history/175-years-ago-astronomers-discover-neptune-the-eighth-planet/#:~:text=On%20the%20night%20of%20Sept,orbit%20of%20the%20planet%20Uranus. Wills, Matthew. “Mary Somerville, Queen of 19th Century Science.” JSTOR Daily. March 2, 2016. https://daily.jstor.org/mary-somerville-queen-of-19th-century-science/ Lewis, Jone Johnson. "Biography of Mary Somerville, Mathematician, Scientist, and Writer." ThoughtCo, Apr. 5, 2023, thoughtco.com/mary-somerville-biography-3530354. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
In 1945, the population of the United States was around 140 million people, and those Americans owned an estimated 45 million guns, or about one gun for every three people. By 2023, the population of the United States stood at just over 330 million people, and according to historical data from the US Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, the number of guns produced and imported for the US market since 1899 exceeds 474 million firearms. Even assuming some of those guns have broken or been destroyed or illegally exported, there are easily more guns than people in the United States today. How and why the number of guns rose so precipitously in the US since World War II is our story today. Joining me to help us learn more about guns in the United States in the second half of the 20th Century is Dr. Andrew C. McKevitt, the John D. Winters Endowed Professor of History at Louisiana Tech University and author of Gun Country: Gun Capitalism, Culture, and Control in Cold War America. Our theme song is Frogs Legs Rag, composed by James Scott and performed by Kevin MacLeod, licensed under Creative Commons. The mid-episode music is “Johnny Get Your Gun,” composed by Monroe H. Rosenfeld and performed by Harry C. Browne, in New York on April 19, 1917; the audio is in the public domain and available via the Library of Congress National Jukebox. The episode image is a Hi-Standard ad from 1957. Additional sources: “How Many Guns Are Circulating in the U.S.?” by Jennifer Mascia and Chip Brownlee, The Trace, Originally posted March 6, 2023, and Updated August 28, 2023. “The Mysterious Meaning of the Second Amendment,” by James C. Phillips and Josh Blackman, The Atlantic, February 28, 2020. “Timeline of Gun Control in the United States,” by Robert Longley, ThoughtCo, updated on January 08, 2023. “Do Black People Have Equal Gun Rights?” by Charles C. W. Cooke, The New York Times, October 25, 2014. “Gun Control Is as Old as the Old West,” by Matt Jancer, Smithsonian Magazine, February 5, 2018. “The NRA Wasn't Always Against Gun Restrictions,” by Ron Elving, NPR, October 10, 2017. “How NRA's true believers converted a marksmanship group into a mighty gun lobby,” by Joel Achenbach, Scott Higham and Sari Horwitz, Washington Post, January 12, 2013. “Opinion: The reality of gun violence in the US is bleak, but history shows it's not hopeless,” by Julian Zelizer, CNN, April 1, 2023. “Firearms and Federal Law: The Gun Control Act of 1968,” by Franklin E. Zimring, The Journal of Legal Studies 4, no. 1 (1975): 133–98. “Remarks Upon Signing the Gun Control Act of 1968,” by President Lyndon B. Johnson, The American Presidency Project. “The Inside History of How Guns Are Marketed and Sold in America,” by Olivia B. Waxman, Time Magazine, August 19, 2022. “The Supreme Court will hear a case that could effectively legalize automatic weapons,” by Ian Millhiser, Vox, November 3, 2023. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Summary Uzi Arad (Wikipedia) joins Andrew (Twitter; LinkedIn) to discuss intelligence and policy at the highest level. Uzi was also a former foreign policy advisor to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Director of Intelligence for the Mossad. What You'll Learn Intelligence National security in Israel Israel's position within the Middle East State leaders as consumers of intelligence Uzi's relationship with PM Netanyahu Reflections Handling intense pressure Power, proximity, and influence And much, much more … Resources SURFACE SKIM *SpyCasts* Irregular Warfare & Intelligence with IWC Director Dennis Walters (2023) Israeli Military Intelligence with IDF Brig. General (Res.) Yossi Kuperwasser (2023) Keeping Secrets/Disclosing Secrets with Spy Chief turned DG of Australia's National Archives David Fricker (2022) Intelligence & the World's Largest Democracy with Former Indian Intelligence Director Vikram Sood (2021) *Beginner Resources* National Security Definition and Examples, R. Longley, ThoughtCo (2021) [Short article] What Was the Iran-Contra Affair?, HISTORY, YouTube (2018) [5 min. video] A 60-Second Guide To The Arab Spring, G. Wyler, Insider (2011) [Short article] DEEPER DIVE Books Eighteen Days in October: The Yom Kippur War and How It Created the Modern Middle East, U. Kaufman (St. Martin's Press, 2023) Bibi: The Turbulent Life and Times of Benjamin Netanyahu, A. Pfeffer (Basic Books, 2018) Gideon's Spies: The Secret History of the Mossad, G. Thomas (St. Martin's Griffin, 2015) Six Days of War: June 1967 and the Making of the Modern Middle East, M. B. Oren (Presidio Press, 2006) Primary Sources Trilateral Statement on the Middle East Summit at David Peace, The Avalon Project (2000) The Wye River Memorandum (1998) The Washington Declaration, Jewish Virtual Library (1994) Report of the Congressional Committees Investigating the Iran-Contra Affair, CIA FOIA (1987) Israel's “Peace for the Galilee” Operation in Lebanon – Some Initial Perspectives, Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs (1982) Sitting 145 of the Ninth Knesset (1978)
Malinche's name is synonymous with betrayal. She has been called all sorts of names throughout history, but does she really deserve such a bad reputation? Malinche was a slave girl sold to the Spanish as they arrived in Mexico, and when they realized she had a talent for languages, she was an instrumental tool in the takedown of the Aztec empire. Malinche was lucky to have a decent amount of agency for her situation, but it's also important to remember she was a teenage girl who had no idea what the long-running consequences of her actions would be. Join me to learn about the incredible story of the translator La Malinche! Bibliography Anderson, Gracie. “Was La Malinche, Indigenous Interpreter for Conquistador Hernán Cortés, a Traitor, Survivor or Icon?” Smithsonian Magazine, July 30, 2021. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/was-la-malinche-indigenous-interpreter-conquistador-hernan-cortes-traitor-survivor-or-icon-180978321/. Encyclopedia Britannica. “Aztec Empire.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.britannica.com/summary/Aztec-Empire-Timeline. “Basic Aztec Facts: AZTEC SLAVES.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/kids/aztec-slaves. Contributors to Wikimedia projects. “Hernán Cortés.” Wikipedia, August 24, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s. ———. “La Malinche.” Wikipedia, September 16, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Malinche. ———. “Martín Cortés (Son of Malinche).” Wikipedia, September 18, 2023. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Cort%C3%A9s_(son_of_Malinche). dhwty. “The Controversial Role of La Malinche in the Fall of the Aztec Empire: Traitor or Hero?” Ancient Origins, July 24, 2019. https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/controversial-role-la-malinche-fall-aztec-empire-traitor-or-hero-005284. Hellman, Reviewed by David. “Mystery of the First Mestizo / Loyal to Father, Malinche's Son Lost to History.” SFGATE, July 11, 2004. https://www.sfgate.com/books/article/mystery-of-the-first-mestizo-loyal-to-father-2742590.php. History Skills. “La Malinche: The Woman Who Helped Destroy the Aztec Empire.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.historyskills.com/classroom/year-8/la-malinche/. AHA. “Malinche: Indian Princess or Slavish Whore?” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.historians.org/teaching-and-learning/teaching-resources-for-historians/teaching-and-learning-in-the-digital-age/the-history-of-the-americas/the-conquest-of-mexico/narrative-overviews/malinche-indian-princess-or-slavish-whore. Britannica Kids. “Marina, or Malinche.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Marina-or-Malinche/628972. Minster, Christopher. “Biography of Malinche, Enslaved Woman and Interpreter to Hernán Cortés.” ThoughtCo, May 21, 2015. https://www.thoughtco.com/biography-of-malinche-2136516. a short introduction. “Music, Song and Dance among the Aztecs.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/music/music-song-and-dance-among-the-aztecs-a-short-introduction. Purcell, Ryan. “Life Story: Malitzen (La Malinche).” Women & the American Story, October 17, 2018. https://wams.nyhistory.org/early-encounters/spanish-colonies/malitzen/. “Resource for Students: Malinche and Pocahontas.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/spanish-invasion/resource-malinche-and-pocahontas. root. “Aztec Education: Learning at Home and School.” History, July 22, 2014. https://www.historyonthenet.com/aztec-education-at-home-and-school. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Nahua.” Encyclopedia Britannica, July 20, 1998. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nahua.
The ‘Women's March' of 1789 began spontaneously, when a market trader banged a drum in a Parisian square on 5th October - launching a chain of events which would eventually end a century of Versailles rule and lead to the execution of Louis XVI. Initially a reaction to the grain shortage that had left Parisians hungry as the aristocracy indulged in luxuries, the protest soon morphed into an angry mob demanding everything from the relocation of the monarchy to the murder of Marie Antoinette. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly ask why the protestors reportedly fainted at the King's feet once granted an audience with him; review some of the bizarre weaponry mobilised by the mob; and learn that the French Revolution happened a lot more slowly than you probably think it did… Further Reading: • ‘A History of the Women's March on Versailles' (ThoughtCo, 2019): https://www.thoughtco.com/womens-march-on-versailles-3529107 • ‘How Bread Shortages Helped Ignite The French Revolution' (HISTORY): https://www.history.com/news/bread-french-revolution-marie-antoinette#:~:text=The%20Bread%20Famine%20in%2018th%2Dcentury%20France.&text=It%20didn't%20work.,a%20little%20over%20three%20weeks • ‘What It Was Like To Live At Versailles' (Weird History, 2019): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qrKysG9aiic ‘Why am I hearing a rerun?' Every Thursday is 'Throwback Thursday' on Today in History with the Retrospectors: running one repeat per week means we can keep up the quality of our independent podcast. Daily shows like this require a lot of work! But as ever we'll have something new for you tomorrow, so follow us wherever you get your podcasts: podfollow.com/Retrospectors Love the show? Join
George Stephenson drove Britain's first-ever steam-powered passenger train, the Locomotion Number One, on 27th September, 1825, from Darlington to Stockton on Tees. The Cambridge Chronicle and Journal reported, with breathless excitement: “in the presence of great crowds of spectators, including many scientific gentlemen… 60 waggons were attached, containing one thousand persons, who were visibly delighted, as were the thousands of spectators. The cavalcade moved by signals, and the whole of this immense mass could be stopped at any prescribed place and moment. On one part of the line, the speed was 12 miles an hour.” In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly explain how this pivotal event lead to the development of the commuter class, larger-scale corporations, and trades unions with newfound power; explain how amenities including corridors, toilets, and proper ticketing systems were still decades away; and reveal how Wordsworth campaigned against the steam railway - in verse, of course… Further Reading: • ‘George Stephenson and the Invention of the Steam Locomotive Engine' (ThoughtCo, 2017): https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-the-railroad-1992457 • ‘George Stephenson - The Father of Railways' (Stockton Heritage): https://heritage.stockton.gov.uk/articles/people/george-stephenson-the-father-of-railways/ • ‘The Stockton and Darlington Railway' (BBC Teach, 2017): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6a4zDjLAlY #1800s #Science #UK #Technology Love the show? Join
One of my favorite unexplained subjects is Fae Folk, and for many people, the topic conjures up thoughts of friendly forest elves that act as guardians to the natural world. Growing up, even my grandparents had books that spoke of these illusive beings. And although I, and my grandparents never fully believed that Fae Folk were in fact real entities, I was taught to respect them all the same, as well as the lore that surrounded them. Maybe it was my grandparent's way of teaching me to respect the woods, and all of the animals that reside within, or maybe it was actually something more.It may sound strange, but as I've gotten older, I've started believing in the possibility that these creatures could be real. Maybe they don't reside in our world as we know it, but perhaps they live alongside us, dwelling in an alternate reality or dimension, and stepping into our consciousness at opportune moments. This of course is just a theory, and I can't say with 100% certainty that I believe in The Fae, but I want to.The belief in these beings is deeply rooted in almost every culture throughout the world, albeit with slight variations as to how they look, their intentions, and their overall disposition. But one of the resounding characteristics that people everywhere seem to agree on, is that these creatures have a mischievous side. In some cases, which I've shared in previous episodes, some of them seem to be downright insidious. And this brings me to the main focus of tonight's episode.TELL YOUR STORY Email or Voice Message: https://www.paranormalmysteriespodcast.com/tell-your-story SUPPORT THE SHOW Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/join/paranormalmysteries?BuyMeACoffee: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/paranormalPayPal: https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=MG24QCZBAWRRNMerchandise: https://www.zazzle.com/store/paranormalmysteries WEBSITE, FORUM & SOCIAL MEDIA Website: https://www.paranormalmysteriespodcast.com Forum: https://www.paranormalmysteriespodcast.com/forum YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/ParanormalMysteriesPodcast Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/paranormalmysteriespodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/paranormalmysteriespodcast Twitter: https://twitter.com/ParaMysteryPod MY WIFE'S “SLEEP AND RELAXATION PODCAST” YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@SleepandRelaxationPodcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3aOsZoy Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3zwS29T Pandora: https://bit.ly/3xjB1NX EPISODE REFERENCES 1. Encounters with Gnomes – Part 1 (Mysterious Universe – Jason Offutt – April 17, 2013) https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2013/04/encounters-with-gnomes-part-1/2. Scary Encounters With the Evil Gnomes of Central and South America(Mysterious Universe – Brent Swancer - November 27, 2017) https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2017/11/scary-encounters-with-the-evil-gnomes-of-central-and-south-america/ 3. National Cryptid Society https://nationalcryptidsociety.org/ 4. Darkness Prevails https://www.darkstories.org/ 5. ThoughtCo https://www.thoughtco.com/ 6. World UFO Photos https://www.worldufophotos.org/#/page/home/ 7. Strange Encounters with Real Gnomes(Mysterious Universe – Brent Swancer – January 8, 2019) https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2019/01/strange-encounters-with-real-gnomes/ 8. Your Ghost Stories https://www.yourghoststories.com/PODCAST MUSIC & MEDIA https://www.paranormalmysteriespodcast.com/stock-music-media PODCAST SOURCE https://www.spreaker.com/show/paranormal-mysteries-podcast © Copyright Paranormal Mysteries Podcast
When German hikers Erika and Helmut Simon stumbled upon a dead body in the Oertzel Alps on 19th September, 1991, they believed it to be a recently fallen mountaineer, whose cadaver had been preserved in the ice. In fact, the specimen turned out to be 5,300 years old - older than Stonehenge and the Pyramids. The man, nicknamed ‘Ötzi' by the press, had been struck down in mid-stride, and was discovered surrounded by his possessions, which included a copper axe. His remains are now on permanent display in Italy. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly probe into the various theories about how ‘the Iceman' died; reveal what the post-mortem told us were the contents of his last meal; and consider the ‘Curse of the Frozen Mummy'... Further Reading: • 'The Discovery of Otzi the Iceman and Its Significance' (ThoughtCo, 2020): https://www.thoughtco.com/otzi-the-iceman-1779439 • ‘Who killed Oetzi the Iceman? Italy reopens coldest of cases' (BBC News, 2017): https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-40104139 • ‘Was Otzi the Iceman a Victim of Human Sacrifice?' (Smithsonian Channel, 2015): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUVtJ8oqRWA #Discoveries #Italy #Switzerland #BC Love the show? Join
Summary Brigadier General (Ret.) Wilson Boinett joins Andrew (Twitter; LinkedIn) to discuss Kenyan intelligence. Wilson is the former Director of Kenya's National Intelligence Service. What You'll Learn Intelligence The effect of colonialism on intelligence The organization of Kenya's National Intelligence Service Wilson's role in adapting and reforming Kenyan intelligence The Nairobi bombings and effects on East Africa Reflections Institutional insurgency The courage to push for and enact change *EXTENDED SHOW NOTES & FULL TRANSCRIPT HERE* Episode Notes This week on SpyCast, we are thrilled to be joined by our first ever African intelligence chief. Brigadier General (Ret.) Wilson Boinett is the individual credited with transforming Kenya's National Intelligence Service into the world-class agency it is today. Following a decades long career in the Kenyan Army, Wilson became the first Director of the newly created intelligence agency in 1999. He believed in the possibly of change and the potential for collaboration amongst East African countries and set out to do just that. Tune in to this week's episode to learn more about his extraordinary career and lessons in leadership. This episode is the second in our Spy Chiefs Special series that will run throughout September. Stay tuned in the weeks to come to hear perspectives from Ireland, India, and the first woman to direct an American intelligence organization. *EXTENDED SHOW NOTES & FULL TRANSCRIPT HERE* Quotes of the Week I was coming in at the time when all those things were happening and the Cold War was over, and the western intelligence did not care very much what Kenya was going to do. So, I had an opportunity to look at this monster called change …. I went to the president, and I said, “I think it is time to change.” And he said, “Go change it.” Resources SURFACE SKIM *SpyCasts* David Petraeus on Ukraine & Intelligence with the former CIA Director & 4* General (2023) Spies: The Epic Intelligence War Between East vs. West with Calder Walton (2023) Irregular Warfare & Intelligence with IWC Director Dennis Walters (2023) The 75th Anniversary of the CIA with former Director Robert Gates (2022) *Beginner Resources* A Brief History of Kenya, A. Boddy-Evans, ThoughtCo (2020) [Short Article] The Late British Empire, History Matters, YouTube (2017) [Ten-minute video] What Was the Mau Mau Uprising? Imperial War Museum (n.d.) [Short article] *EXTENDED SHOW NOTES & FULL TRANSCRIPT HERE* DEEPER DIVE Books History of Resistance in Kenya, M. wa Kĩnyattĩ (Mau Mau Research Center, 2019) Kenya After 50: Reconfiguring Historical, Political, and Policy Milestones, M. M. Kithinji et al. (Palgrave Macmillan, 2016) Population, Tradition, and Environmental Control in Colonial Kenya, M. S. Shanguhyia (University of Rochester Press, 2015) Kenya: A History Since Independence, C. Hornsby (I.B. Tauris, 2013) Primary Sources Report of the Accountability Review Boards: Bombings of the US Embassies in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam, US Department of Justice (1999) 5 Fugitives Indicted in Embassy Bombings, J. Mintz, The Washington Post (1998) The National Security Intelligence Service Act (1998) Lancaster House Agreement, United Nations Peacemaker (1979) Kenya Independence Act (1963) Kenyan Independence Memorandum by the Secretary of State for Commonwealth, UK National Archives (1963) Mau Mau Violence – Control Measures, CIA (1953) The Situation in Kenya (Mau Mau Uprising), CIA (1952) General Act of the Berlin Conference on West Africa, San Diego State University (1885) *EXTENDED SHOW NOTES & FULL TRANSCRIPT HERE* *Wildcard Resource* Take a trip to Nairobi from your couch and explore the National Museums of Kenya through Google Arts & Culture. Explore Kenya's 7 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Take a Tour of the Nairobi Gallery, or Learn a Bit of Swahili, one of Kenya's two official languages!
How could a tiny little island hold so much sway over so many Ancient Greek city-states? Is there a golden combo of location, faith and finance that makes certain places special or is simply one greater power forcing its way? Go to HelloFresh.com/50DANK and use code 50DANK for 50% off plus free shipping! Download the DraftKings Casino app NOW, sign up with promo code DANK, New customers get a deposit match up to ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS in casino credits when you deposit $5 or more! patreon.com/striderwilson Sources: Worldhistory.org ‘Delos' by Mark Cartwright, Thoughtco.com ‘What is the Origin of the Pyrrhic Victory?' by N.S. Gill, Britannica.com, Getty.edu “‘I am Isis': The Role Of Speech In The Cult Of Isis' by Martin Bommas, Wikipedia.org Gambling problem? Call 1-800-GAMBLER (Michigan/New Jersey/Pennsylvania/West Virginia). Please play responsibly. In partnership with Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races in West Virginia. All games regulated by the West Virginia Lottery. In Connecticut, help is available for problem gambling call 888-789-7777 or visit c c p g dot org. 21+. Physically present in Connecticut/Michigan/New Jersey/Pennsylvania/West Virginia only. Void in Ontario. One per opted-in new customer. Min. $5 deposit. Max match $100 in casino credits which require 1x play-thru within 7 days. See terms at casino dot draftkings dot com slash player's choice. Restrictions apply.
PLEASE SHARE THIS EPISODE in your social media so others who loves strange and macabre stories can listen too! Find all of podcasts I host at https://weirddarkness.com/links.IN THIS EPISODE: I'll share a heartbreaking story of love gone wrong. It's a tale of passion, betrayal, murder, and the electric chair. (Love And The Electric Chair) *** The terrifying true story of the abduction of Linda Cortile – was she truly abucted by aliens or is there another explanation? (The Abduction of Linda Cortile) *** A man keeps seeing shadowy figures in his peripheral vision. (Her Feet Were Swinging) *** They say the widow's ghost lingers in the tower of the Drish House - and sets the house ablaze with phantom fire. (The Drish House Hauntings) * It is said that some hundred years ago, people in Jamaica believed the powers of so-called “Shadow Killers” - but who or what were they? (The Shadow Killers of Jamaica) *** Fifteen acres of land purchased by the city of Long Beach, California in 1976 is what comprises a place known as DeForest Park. By day it is filled with sun, sand, and fun. By night, it is filled with shudders, scares, and screams. (The Darkness of DeForest Park) *** Friends were planning for a good time of dirt biking, hunting, and drinking beer. They should never have visited the cemetery. (The Haunted Farmstead) *** Two women walking home in the twilight come across the ghost of a woman dead for the past year. *** A man tells the terrifying story of how he was possessed by a demon. *** Two girls discover that even if you don't believe a legend of ghostly children, you still shouldn't tease them. *** If you vacation at Carlsbad Lagoon, you'll need something stronger than sunscreen to protect you. *** Traumatic events can sometimes trigger poltergeist activity, but for one young girl, the torment seemed to have no end. *** The hills of Northern Chile are not safe for men walking alone at night. A female spirit known as La Lola stalks the night, lost and enraged over the murder of her husband. *** Glowing eyes in the dark, a man in a dark suit, and a party in the other room… none of which are real, except to two young girls who swear it actually happened. *** Lehigh, Oklahoma – with the dark past of gangsters, the KKK, a corrupt sheriff… and the paranormal. SOURCES AND REFERENCES FROM THE EPISODE…“Love And The Electric Chair” by Troy Taylor: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/y9x5dszv “The Abduction of Linda Cortile” by Les Hewitt for Paranorms.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1s7n41oz “Her Feet Were Swinging” from YourGhostStories.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/504clul2 “The Drish Hauntings” by Elisabeth Tilstra for The Line Up: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/2dqwhue5 “The Darkness of DeForest Park” from BackpackerVerse: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1x5i7veu “The Haunted Farmstead” from GhostsNGhouls.com (link no longer valid)“The Shadow Killers of Jamaica” from MessageToEagle.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/4jjws8tp “The Woman in the Blue Sari” by Amardeep Singh for MyHauntedLifeToo.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/3ozpxps6 “I Was Possessed By a Demon” by Jon Austin for Express.co.uk: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/m9m5jbe0 “The Ghostly Kids of Hungry Hollow Road” submitted anonymously to Weird Darkness: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/drwxy79f “Carlsbad Lagoon's Sinister Siren” from BackpackerVerse: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/1d1sye5y “The Haunting of Laura” from ThoughtCo.com (link no longer available)“La Lola: The Vengeful Female Spirit in Northern Chile“ from ParanormalInvestigating.com (website no longer exists)“My First Spooky Experience” submitted anonymously to Weird Darkness: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/mmw30w8x “Haunted Lehigh, Oklahoma” by Paul Dale Roberts, submitted to MyHauntedLifeToo.com: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/4yj3u7ay Visit our Sponsors & Friends: https://weirddarkness.com/sponsors Join the Weird Darkness Syndicate: https://weirddarkness.com//syndicate Advertise in the Weird Darkness podcast or syndicated radio show: https://weirddarkness.com/advertise= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =Weird Darkness theme by Alibi Music Library. Background music provided by Alibi Music Library, EpidemicSound and/or StoryBlocks with paid license. Music from Shadows Symphony (https://tinyurl.com/yyrv987t), Midnight Syndicate (http://amzn.to/2BYCoXZ) Kevin MacLeod (https://tinyurl.com/y2v7fgbu), Tony Longworth (https://tinyurl.com/y2nhnbt7), and Nicolas Gasparini (https://tinyurl.com/lnqpfs8) is used with permission of the artists.= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =OTHER PODCASTS I HOST…Paranormality Magazine: (COMING SEPT. 30, 2023) https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/paranormalitymagMicro Terrors: Scary Stories for Kids: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/microterrorsRetro Radio – Old Time Radio In The Dark: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/retroradioChurch of the Undead: https://weirddarkness.tiny.us/churchoftheundead= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =(Over time links seen above may become invalid, disappear, or have different content. I always make sure to give authors credit for the material I use whenever possible. If I somehow overlooked doing so for a story, or if a credit is incorrect, please let me know and I will rectify it in these show notes immediately. Some links included above may benefit me financially through qualifying purchases.)= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = ="I have come into the world as a light, so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness." — John 12:46= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =WeirdDarkness® is a registered trademark. Copyright ©2023, Weird Darkness.= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =CUSTOM WEBPAGE: https://weirddarkness.com/archives/16840This show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/3655291/advertisement
What was the best grade ever? J.T. joins strider as they rank grades 1 through 12 from best to worst based on curriculum, what was going on in the world at the time and perhaps most importantly where they were in their lives. Please forgive the nostalgia! Head to FACTORMEALS.com/dank50 and use code dank50 to get 50% off. Right now, Dad Grass is offering our listeners 20% off your first order when you go to DADGRASS.COM/DANK. patreon.com/striderwilson Sources: CA.gov, D64.org, Educationworld.com, Onthisday.com, Educationadvanced.com, Bhusd.org, Thoughtco.com ‘Math Courses of Study Grade by Grade' by Deb Russell
Summary Cory Graff (Website, LinkedIn) joins Andrew (Twitter, LinkedIn) to discuss the D-Day deception operation to mask the landings at Normandy. Cory is a Curator at The National World War II Museum in New Orleans, Louisiana. What You'll Learn Intelligence Deception tactics used by the Allies The core deception operations BODYGUARD and FORTITUDE The German secret agents who became British “double agents” The “Ghost Army” and General Patton's fictitious First U.S. Army Group Intelligence in the World War II Museum Reflections Appearance and intention The essential unknowability of the world And much, much more … *EXTENDED SHOW NOTES & FULL TRANSCRIPT HERE* Quotes of the Week “During the evenings, French Resistance is taking over and blowing up train tracks and sort of funneling people this way. And that's another thing to talk about when we talk about D-Day is, intelligence was gained from French citizens beforehand. And the night of the 5th & 6th, we witnessed something like a thousand points of sabotage within the area directed at the Germans.” – Cory Graff on the French Resistance's contribution to D-Day Resources SURFACE SKIM Andrew's Recommendation The D-Day episode of the landmark documentary The World at War (“Morning: June-August 1944 (Ep. 17 of 26)”) *SpyCasts* St. Ermin's Hotel, London – The History of a Legendary Spy Site with Stephen Duffy (2023) Hitler's Trojan Horse – Nazi Intelligence with Nigel West (2023) Nazis on the Potomac with former National Park Service Chief Historian Bob Sutton (2022) The Nuclear Doomsday Machine – with Sean Maloney on Cold War Emergency Plans (2022) *Beginner Resources* Here's what happened on D-Day, the largest amphibious invasion ever undertaken, CNN (2021) [1 min. video] When and How Did World War II End?, R. Wilde, ThoughtCo (2020 [Short article] The 10 Things You Need to Know about D-Day, Imperial War Museum (n.d.) [10 quick facts] DEEPER DIVE *EXTENDED SHOW NOTES & FULL TRANSCRIPT HERE* Primary Sources General Eisenhower's Order of the Day, National Archives (1944) In Case of Failure Message from Gen. Eisenhower, Eisenhower Presidential Library (1944) Overlord – Anvil Papers, Eisenhower Presidential Library (1944) Report of the 82nd Airborne Division, “Operation Neptune”, Eisenhower Presidential Library (1944) Neptune Monograph, The D-Day Story Museum (1944) *Wildcard Resource* The crossword panic of 1944! In the run up to D-Day important codenames such as “Omaha,” “Overlord,” “Mulberry,” and “Neptune,” appeared in the Daily Telegraph newspaper crossword puzzle. Was someone signaling the Allies plans to the Germans? We don't think so...but one possible explanation involves loose-lipped soldiers, a WWI veteran schoolteacher, and some naughty schoolboys! *EXTENDED SHOW NOTES & FULL TRANSCRIPT HERE*
This edition of eponymous consumables features a drink named after a child star, a cocktail with a much-debated origin, and a brand of soda that may or may not have been named for a doctor. Research: “Dr. Pepper Drug Store to Close.” The Daily News Leader. April 7, 1994. https://www.newspapers.com/image/288796641/?clipping_id=57950269&fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjI4ODc5NjY0MSwiaWF0IjoxNjc5OTY3NDc0LCJleHAiOjE2ODAwNTM4NzR9.EEq4KJ9NnYjObwXi-4eD3uuO8u4EcTnL7rphr6CvtKo Davis, Bob. “Bob Davis Recalls.” Spokane Chronicle. June 25, 1928. https://www.newspapers.com/image/562197576/?terms=negroni&match=1 Picchi, Luca. “Negroni Cocktail. An Italian Legend.” Giunti. 2015. Kindle edition. Regan, Gary. “The Negroni.” Clarkson Potter/Ten Speed. 2015. Boylan, Jennifer Finney. “The Negroni Is 100 Years Old — and the Perfect Cocktail for 2019.” New York Times. June 12, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/12/opinion/negroni-2019.html Bishop, Katherine. “THE LAW; Shirley Temple: Celebrity or Generic Term?” New York Times. October 28, 1988. https://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/28/us/the-law-shirley-temple-celebrity-or-generic-term.html Sutcliffe, Theodora. “Fosco Scarselli.” Difford's Guuide. https://www.diffordsguide.com/encyclopedia/2873/people/fosco-scarselli Bates, Kames. “Shirley Teed.” Los Angeles Times. Sept. 27, 1988. https://www.newspapers.com/image/405034465/?terms=shirley%20temple&match=1 Associated Press. “Shirley Temple Black Angry Over ‘Shirley T' Soft Drink.” Sept. 16, 1988. https://apnews.com/article/319cc7747919df46564f875e041e4447 “Shirley Temple Wins Round.” Los Angeles Times. Oct. 31, 1988. https://www.newspapers.com/image/404972201/?terms=%22soda%20pop%20kids%22&match=1 Rothman, Lily, “Inside the Shirley Temple: How Did the Mocktail Get Its Name?” Time. Feb. 11, 2014. https://time.com/6659/shirley-temple-drink/ “Shirley Temple.” Biography. April 20, 2021. https://www.biography.com/actors/shirley-temple Wondrich, David. “Imbibe!” Penguin, 2007. Dart, Bob. “Dr. Pepper's Drugstore Keeps His Secrets.” Detroit Free Press. April 17, 1994. https://www.newspapers.com/image/97516191/?fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjk3NTE2MTkxLCJpYXQiOjE2Nzk5Njc0NjIsImV4cCI6MTY4MDA1Mzg2Mn0.3vHBeoCmdb1ZIYZPIJK636tYWfr2k0xNjtRK6KdirFc Reed, David. “Virginia Town Says It's a Pepper, Too.” The Times Leader. March 15, 1992. https://www.newspapers.com/image/416033562/?fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjQxNjAzMzU2MiwiaWF0IjoxNjc5OTY3NDU5LCJleHAiOjE2ODAwNTM4NTl9.eKRjapmbt8ACx88O9EG2JhxQYEa-5jR2d28Oxhr6Kbs&clipping_id=57978378 “Negroni Cocktail.” Difford's Guide. https://www.diffordsguide.com/g/1078/negroni-cocktail/negroni-story Bellis, Mary. "The Early History of Dr Pepper." ThoughtCo, Aug. 29, 2020, thoughtco.com/history-of-dr-pepper-4070939. Bellis, Mary. "The Early History of Dr Pepper." ThoughtCo, Aug. 29, 2020, thoughtco.com/history-of-dr-pepper-4070939. Pepper Museum. “History.” https://drpeppermuseum.com/history/ Hawthorne, Rusty. "New Evidence Negroni was Invented in Africa – Sorry Italy." Drinking Cup. https://web.archive.org/web/20190722110015/http://www.drinkingcup.net/negroni-invented-africa-sorry-italy/ See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
There are lesser known stories of enslaved men and women who fought for their freedom in court. Elizabeth Key was at the center of one of the most important colonial court cases involving slavery. Henrietta Wood made history when she sued the man who kidnapped and enslaved her. Want more Southern Mysteries? Hear the Southern Mysteries show archive of 60+ episodes along with Patron exclusive podcast, Audacious: Tales of American Crime and more when you become a patron of the show. You can immediately access exclusive content now at patreon.com/southernmysteries Connect Website: southernmysteries.com Facebook: Southern Mysteries Podcast Twitter: @southernpod_ Instagram: @shannonballard_ Email: southernmysteriespodcast@gmail.com Episode Sources Elizabeth Key. Women in History. Accessed January 10,2023 Elizabeth Key. Library of Virginia. Accessed January 13, 2023 Elizabeth Key and Her History-Changing Lawsuit. ThoughtCo. Accessed January 14, 2023 The Case of Elizabeth Key, 1655/1656 Northumberland County Record Books, 1652-1658, fols. 66-67, 85; 1658-1660, fol. 28; Northumberland County Order Book, 1652-1665, fols. 40, 46, 49. University of Chicago Taunya Lovell Banks, "Dangerous Woman: Elizabeth Key's Freedom Suit - Subjecthood and Racialized Identity in Seventeenth Century Colonial Virginia", 41 Akron Law Review 799 (2008), Digital Commons Law, University of Maryland. Sweet Taste of Liberty Open Source Notebook. Caleb McDaniel. Accessed January 14, 2023 In 1870, Henrietta Wood Sued for Reparations—and Won. Smithsonian Magazine. Accessed February 1, 2023 Episode Music Magic Forest by Sir Cubworth Licensed under a Creative Commons; Theme Song “Dark & Troubled” by Pantherburn. Special thanks to Phillip St Ours for permission for use
There is one woman in particular who normally gets the credit for inventing the dish washer. But there were other inventors trying to come up with ways to automatically take care of kitchen clean up both before and after Josephine Cochran. Research: Bellis, Mary. "Josephine Cochran and the Invention of the Dishwasher." ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/josephine-cochran-dishwasher-4071171. Houghton, Joel. “IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR WASHING TABLE FURNITURE.” United States Patent Office. May 14, 1850. https://todayinsci.com/Events/Patent/DishwashingMachine7365.htm Cochran, J.G. “Dish Washing Machine.” U.S. Patent Office. Dec. 28, 1886. https://patents.google.com/patent/US355139 Fenster, Julie M. “The Woman Who Invented the Dish Washer.” Invention & Technology. Fall 1999. Volume 15, Issue 2. https://www.inventionandtech.com/content/woman-who-invented-dishwasher-1 “Restoring History: Family Purchases Home of Dishwasher Inventor Josephine Cochrane and Pledges to Return it to its Former Glory.” Whirlpool. July 30, 2020. https://www.whirlpoolcorp.com/restoring-history-dishwasher-inventor-josephine-cochrane/ Eschner, Kat. “This Time-Saving Patent Paved the Way for the Modern Dishwasher.” Smithsonian. Dec. 28, 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/time-saving-patent-paved-way-modern-dishwasher-180967656/ Ram, Jocelyn, et al. “I'll Do It Myself.” United States Patent and Trademark Office. https://www.uspto.gov/learning-and-resources/journeys-innovation/historical-stories/ill-do-it-myself “Josephine Garis Cochran.” National Inventors Hall of Fame. 2006. https://www.invent.org/inductees/josephine-garis-cochran Smyser, Sue. “Woman's Quest to Save Good China Leads to Invention of Dishwasher.” Journal Gazette (Mattoon, Illinois). March 13, 2002. https://www.newspapers.com/image/84706698/?terms=Garis-Cochran&match=1 “Mrs. Cochran, Who Has Won Success as an Inventor.” The Dispatch (Moline, Illinois). Nov. 16, 1895. https://www.newspapers.com/image/?clipping_id=55415779&fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjMzODYyNTg5OCwiaWF0IjoxNjU5OTY3OTUzLCJleHAiOjE2NjAwNTQzNTN9.a3m-ZQ4f6PFlFUG8ibS-p2qBxNpg0C9Z2gEwg1t5lOU See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Midgley was a deeply respected researcher and chemist who received multiple awards. He also developed both leaded gas and freon, two substances banned around the world now because they are very bad for the environment and public health. Research: Bellis, Mary. "The History of Freon." ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/history-of-freon-4072212. Blakemore, Erin. “The Ozone Hole Was Super Scary, So What Happened To It?” Smithsonian. 1/13/2016. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/ozone-hole-was-super-scary-what-happened-it-180957775/ Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "tetraethyl lead". Encyclopedia Britannica, 7 Dec. 2018, https://www.britannica.com/science/tetraethyl-lead. Accessed 3 August 2022. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Thomas Midgley, Jr.". Encyclopedia Britannica, 14 May. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Thomas-Midgley-Jr. Accessed 3 August 2022. Dayton Herald. “Midgey's Death Termed Suicide.” P. 28. 11/10/1944. Giunta, Carmen J. “Thomas Midgley Jr. and the Inventions of Chlorofluorocarbon Refrigerants: It Ain't Necessarily So.” Bull. Hist. Chem., VOLUME 31, Number 2 (2006). http://acshist.scs.illinois.edu/bulletin_open_access/v31-2/v31-2%20p66-74.pdf Kettering, Charles F. “Thomas Midgley, Jr: 1889-1944.” National Academy of Sciences Annual Meeting, 1947. http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/midgley-thomas.pdf Kovarik, Bill. “Ethyl leaded gasoline: How a Classic Occupational Disease Became an International Public Health Disaster. INT J OCCUP ENVIRON HEALTH 2005;11:384–397. VOL 11/NO 4, OCT/DEC 2005. https://environmentalhistory.org/about/ethyl-leaded-gasoline/ NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. “History of the Ozone Hole.” https://ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov/facts/history_SH.html “Novel Method of Removing Metal from An Eye.” Ind. Eng. Chem. 1919, 11, 9, 892–895 Publication Date. September 1, 1919 https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50117a017 Press release. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2022. Thu. 4 Aug 2022. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1995/press-release/ Seyferth, Dietmar. “The Rise and Fall of Tetraethyllead. 1.” Organometallics, Vol. 22, No. 12, 2003. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/om030245v Seyferth, Dietmar. “The Rise and Fall of Tetraethyllead. 2.” Organometallics Organometallics, Vol. 22, No. 25, 2003. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/om030621b U.S. Department of Energy. “Fact #841: October 6, 2014 Vehicles per Thousand People: U.S. vs. Other World Regions.” https://www.energy.gov/eere/vehicles/fact-841-october-6-2014-vehicles-thousand-people-us-vs-other-world-regions See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Humans have understood how to calculate the length of a day pretty accurately for a long time. But there wasn't a standard way to approach time on a global scale until the late 19th century, and happened because of railroads. Research: “INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE HELD AT WASHINGTON FOR THE PURPOSE OF FIXING A PRIME MERIDIAN AND A UNIVERSAL DAY.” (Protocols of the Proceedings.” October 1884. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/17759/17759-h/17759-h.htm Fleming, Sandford. “Terrestrial time: a memoir.” 1876. Digitized: https://archive.org/details/cihm_06112/page/n17/mode/2up Fleming, Sandford. “Papers on time-reckoning and the selection of a prime meridian to be common to all nations.” 1879. Digitized: https://archive.org/details/cihm_03135/page/n17/mode/2up Creet, Mario. “FLEMING , Sir SANDFORD.” Dictionary of Canadian Biography. http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio.php?id_nbr=7370 Creet, Mario. “Sandford Fleming and Universal Time.” Scientia Canadensis. Volume 14, numéro 1-2 (38-39). https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/scientia/1990-v14-n1-2-scientia3118/800302ar.pdf Shepardson, David. “U.S. Senate approves bill to make daylight saving time permanent.” Reuters. March 16, 2022. https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-approves-bill-that-would-make-daylight-savings-time-permanent-2023-2022-03-15/ “What Shall Be the Prime Meridian for the World?” International institute for preserving and perfecting weights and measures. Committee on standard time. Cleveland, O., 1884. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015019895203&view=1up&seq=8 Biggerstaff, Valerie. “Opinion: When Georgia had two time zones.” Appen Media. April 14, 2021. https://www.appenmedia.com/opinion/opinion-when-georgia-had-two-time-zones/article_0bb3e6c4-9c84-11eb-a1f5-6b1a42a8e61a.html Lange, Katie. “Daylight Saving Time Once Known As 'War Time.'” U.S. Department of Defense. March 8, 2019. https://www.defense.gov/News/Feature-Stories/story/Article/1779177/daylight-saving-time-once-known-as-war-time/ “DID BEN FRANKLIN INVENT DAYLIGHT SAVING TIME?” The Franklin Institute. https://www.fi.edu/benjamin-franklin/daylight-savings-time “United States Congressional Serial Set.” U.S. Government Printing Office. Volume 2296. 1885. Accessed online: https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=_1JHAQAAIAAJ&rdid=book-_1JHAQAAIAAJ&rdot=1 Rosenberg, Matt. "The History and Use of Time Zones." ThoughtCo, Aug. 27, 2020, thoughtco.com/what-are-time-zones-1435358. “The New Railroad Time.” New York Times. Oct. 12, 1883. https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1883/10/12/106260579.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0 Glass, Andrew. “President Wilson signs Standard Time Act, March 19, 1918.” Politico. March 19, 2018. https://www.politico.com/story/2018/03/19/wilson-signs-standard-time-act-march-19-1918-467550 Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Sir Sandford Fleming". Encyclopedia Britannica, 3 Jan. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sandford-Fleming “History of Time Zones.” Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Feb. 21, 2021. https://www.bts.gov/geospatial/time-zones Gordon, Nicholas. “The Senate wants to make daylight saving time permanent—but that could leave Americans with less sleep and worse health.” Fortune. March 16, 2022. https://fortune.com/2022/03/16/daylight-saving-time-sleep-senate-protecting-sunshine-act/ “Public Law 89-387 – An ACT To promote the observance of a uniform system of time throughout the United States.” April 13, 1966. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-80/pdf/STATUTE-80-Pg107.pdf See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
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