The Pastore Podcast

Dr. Pastore discusses the role hormones play when it comes to food allergies and food-mediated reactions. High estrogen can cause worsened food allergy symptoms.  Show notes will be available Tuesday, August 4th at drrrobertpastore.com/podcasts  

According to the American college of allergy, asthma and immunology, approximately 25 million Americans suffer from Seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. One in six Canadians suffers from seasonal allergic rhinitis (commonly known as hay fever). If you suffer from seasonal allergies or hay fever, there may be a connection to fruit and/or vegetable food allergies.  University of Manchester webpage for foods cross-reacting with pollen http://research.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/foodallergens/facts/pollen/pollenandfood/

Dr. Pastore discusses the top 9 food allergies, and a new consumer study showing that these allergy diagnoses are on the rise. Topics covered include what a food allergy is, when and why food allergies appear, anaphylaxis and less severe symptoms of a food allergy, and what to discuss with your doctor to get a formal diagnosis. Show notes:  https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts/070-food-allergies

Dr. Pastore discusses a new, at-home test that celiacs can utilize to determine if they have been exposed to gluten, why it's important to monitor gluten exposure, the shockingly high rates of unknown gluten exposure among celiacs following a gluten-free diet at home and in restaurants, and what the research has to say about the accuracy of the new test. Show notes:  https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts/069-new-gluten-exposure-testing

Dr. Pastore covers the thyroid gland, non-autoimmune hypo & hyperthyroidism, the autoimmune thyroid diseases Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Grave's Disease, how the two are connected to celiac disease, and what tests you should request from your physician to be an advocate for your own health. SHOW NOTES: https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts/068-thyroid-celiac 

Dr. Pastore discusses the connection between celiac disease and cardiovascular disease that many physicians miss when treating a patient with either. He covers how gluten consumption can affect the cardiovascular system, arteries, and veins; cause physical structure and electrical changes of the heart; and increase the risk of a heart attack.  If you have cardiovascular disease, get tested for celiac disease. If you have celiac disease, request that your cardiovascular health be evaluated.   SHOW NOTES: https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts/067-celiac-cardiovascular

Dr. Pastore discusses a new NYU study that monitored children's exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) - chemicals that have a long-lasting effect on the planet with the ability to accumulate in our ecosystem and bodies, such as DDT and PCB - and the connection to celiac disease. He covers where POPs are found, the risks of chronic POP exposure for celiacs and non-celiacs, and what you can control to limit your exposure.

A new study released in May 2020 has revealed connections between inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and celiac disease. Before discussing study findings, Dr. Pastore first covers what IBD is, how it differs from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), who is most at risk, the complications and treatment for IBD.  SHOW NOTES:  https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts

Continuing with topics around Celiac Disease Awareness Month, Dr. Pastore discusses a condition that some diagnosed celiacs are still faced with - refractory celiac disease. He covers what it is, how it's diagnosed, how common it is amongst diagnosed celiac disease patients, the signs and symptoms to look out for, causes, treatments, secondary food reactions and what to discuss with your physician.   The 6 Steps to Diagnosing Refractory Celiac Disease: 1. Review the original diagnosis of celiac disease, going back as far as you can to in the medical records, including the original biopsy, serology, DNA, etc., and then you must have confirmation that the patient was following a strict GF diet for at least 1 year but still has symptoms and villi damage. You want to be certain there is no gluten contamination because that could rule out RCD quickly.   2. Identify any other condition that can negatively impact the villi including cancers such as intestinal lymphoma, inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease, microscopic colitis, hypogammaglobulinemia (is an immune system abnormality that results in reduced antibody production making enough antibodies called immunoglobulins)  and believe it or not, even small intestinal bacterial overgrowth – if severe enough, and over use of NSAIDS or reaction to NSAIDS, etc.   3. Andoscopy and colonoscopy must be performed, with biopsies taken at both sites.   4. If possible, a capsule endoscopy (basically swallowing a camera in a pill format). You can obtain excellent images and identify some inflammation and ulceration.   5. If warranted, a CT scan (computerized tomography) and MRE (Magnetic resonance enterography) as well as a barium x-ray (A barium X-ray is a radiographic (X-ray) examination of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Barium absorbs x-rays and appears white on the images. These tests should be done particularly if there is any suspicion of lymphoma. There may be multiple diagnoses during the search for the cause behind suspected refractory celiac disease.   6. Fecal fat and pancreatic tests should be completed as well.

Dr. Pastore covers a well-known, yet not well-understood diagnostic marker of celiac disease -  tissue transglutaminase (TTG). He covers the function TTG plays as an enzyme, how TTG affects gluten and shares vital information about various TTG blood tests (TTG IgA and TTG IgG) for those looking for a diagnosis, and for the diagnosed celiac wanting to monitor their progress. Show notes: https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts/063-tissue-transglutaminase

May is Celiac Disease Awareness Month, and Dr. Pastore covers important and relevant information on all-things celiac disease including statistics, symptoms, the history of the disease and how to go about being diagnosed, as 83% of those with the disease are not. Show notes: https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts/celiac-disease-awareness-month-2020

Dr. Pastore answers questions asked by Lexie's fitness training team around gut health, digestion, food intolerances, candida, h-pylori, probiotics, and gut microbiota.    Show notes:  https://drrobertpastore.com/podcasts

Dr. Pastore discusses the vital role sleep plays in immunity, how lack of sleep and poor quality sleep can lower your immune system, sleep duration guidelines for optimal health and steps you can take to improve your sleep.    What is “poor” sleep [1:00] Quality sleep for adults 7-9 continuous, uninterrupted hours of sleep per night  Likely not possible for parents, like Dr. Pastore  Teenagers require 8-10 continuous, uninterrupted hours of sleep per night  6.5 - 7 hours for teenagers can have same effect as being inebriated  Sleep science still needs much more research  Those staying home & safe during COVID-19 can cause COVID-19 dreams Intense/horror dreams due to inability to normalize stress/anxiety during the day   Lack of quality sleep mentioned above is directly associated with higher likelihood of being sick after being exposed to a virus [3:55] Studies on common cold  Lack of sleep or disrupted sleep increases risk of getting a virus    Lack of sleep impacted how fast you recover if you do get sick [4:40] Dr. Pastore treating patients & working with other doctors treating patients with COVID-19, those recovering slower & have the virus longer have worse sleep  21 & 23 days of having the active COVID-19 infection  Seen faster COVID-19 recovery of 9 days with better, quality sleep    Quality sleep needs to be uninterrupted [7:05] Difficult for parents waking up for children 7-9 for adults, 8-10 hours for teenager straight    Long-term poor quality sleep increase risk of obesity & diseases that further the risk for infections [9:05]   Medical fact: poor sleep causes cardiovascular disease, diabetes & obesity  Cardiovascular disease, diabetes & obesity increase risk for infections such as COVID-19 or regular flu  Inflammasome is byproduct of being overweight & obesity  Proinflammatory response that can lower immune system  Quality sleep drastically improves fat loss progress  Lack of sleep (as little as 2-3 nights in a row) - cells become temporarily insulin resistant which causes elevation in glucose, can lead to weight gain & fat storage  Chronic lack of sleep can make cells permanently insulin resistant  Quality sleep improves cell-signalling communication between insulin receptor cells & GLUT receptors to let glucose into the cells    Poor sleep lowers your immune system, makes it longer to recover from a virus, increases risk of diseases that can further lower the immune system, and can worsen health if pre-existing disease exists [13:00]  We're all biochemically & genetically unique  Knowing genetics, medical history, biological markers, calcium score    Why does decreased sleep lower the immune system? [14:55] Sleep supports & enhances the initiation of an adaptive immune system response  Adaptive immune system response process: Trouble maker / invading antigen / virus invading body Human immune system takes up antigen & appropriates it Breaks apart the antigen & presents fragments of antigen to T Helper Cells T Helper Cells signal cytokines Interleukin 12 Interleukin 12 calls in T-Helper Cell One Response, supports antigen specific T-Cells T-Helper Cell 1 Response starts B-Cell production of antibodies to always be able to recognize the invading antigen / virus  If the invading antigen is presented in the body again, the body will attack it  Produced in the lymph nodes  Vaccines are a great example of adaptive immunity, producing herd immunity  Sleep turns this response on, lack of sleep turns it off Immune cannot identify the invading antigen  Sleep deprived hepatitis A vaccine patients vs quality sleep hepatitis A vaccine patients Poor sleep patients did not have amplified adaptive immune system response to vaccine Parents typically lose hundreds of hours of sleep    Prescription medications to improve sleep quality [21:05] Dr. James Maas, “Father of Sleep” & other sleep doctors confirm prescription sleep medications will not lead to a perfect night's sleep or “sleep saviours” Have seductive-type affects Can affect memory & perception of sleep quality  Our Neurochemistry of Sleep Podcast  LINK Be aware of side effects Rebound insomnia Dizziness Headaches Difficult swallowing or breathing Worsening depression & suciride ideation Study showed those with highest sleep medication prescriptions had highest risk of all-cause mortality  Study showed increased risk of various cancers, increased risk of dementia  Not getting into a deep sleep, interferes with glucose & cell receptor response    Could be underlying issue or health concern causing lack of sleep [24:20] Chronic pain & arthritis  Breathing disorders  Dietary supplements & stimulants (caffeine) close to bed  Gastoresophorefluz disorder Hypothyroidism, Graves Disease Chronic back pain  Sinus disorder or allergies  Medications can disrupt sleep Birth control Cold medicine  Asthma medication High blood pressure medication  Depression  Thyroid medication Talk to your doctor to find the underlying cause  Pharmacogenetics - PGX  Test genetics to determine drug response based on individual genetics  Medications aren't a one-size fits all Could be nutritional deficiency  Magnesium, Vitamin D Request bloodwork from physician  40% population at risk for low magnesium  Undiagnosed sleep apnea  Temporarily stop breathing, adrenaline wakes you up    Lifestyle changes to implement to improve sleep [29:30] Address stress  Get regular physical activity & exercise  Exercise helps lower stress Caffeine consumption Genetic variations to process caffeine faster/slower Avoid caffeine after 3-4PM  Green tea, diet cola, soft drinks with caffeine  Exposure to artificial light Disrupts normal neurological signalling for sleep, turns off melatonin production Can upregulate alert/excitatory neurotransmitters to keep you awake Blue light blocking glasses Night mode on electronics reducing blue light Limit alcohol  Sedative effect - can help you fall asleep initially  Later in night, causes dopamine rush & interferes with adaptive immune response More consistent alcohol consumption will continue to lower immune system nightly Limit or eliminate nicotine  Vaping, chewing tobacco  Nicotine neurotoxin, extremely addictive Makes it difficult to fall asleep  Sleep in a cool bedroom  Lower temperature helps with sleep   Melatonin for sleep [35:30] Melatonin is both a hormone and neurotransmitter Excreted from penial gland  Exposure to natural light during day, as sun sets, darkness cues melatonin production Helps stimulate our sleep - high affinity melatonin receptors in SCN  MTA & MT1A, MT2 & MT2B receptors - absorbs melatonin & slows excitatory function to prepare for sleep  Promotes sleep by stimulating acute inhibition of neurological firing of awake neurotransmitters in SCN Helps initiate sleep process, but won't benefit rest of sleep cycle  Helps regulate circadian rhythm (sleep/wake cycles) Taking a “low” dose of 1mg of melatonin is still incredibly high compared to what the brain produces naturally   Can produce “hangover” in the morning Fatigued, tired, brain fog, delayed responses Suppressing dopamine responses  Receptors of SCN turned off way past sleep period  Up to 18 hours of hangover Walking wounded: feel better at 8-10PM and take another dose High-dose (1mg+) melatonin should not be a nightly supplement for sleep    Effective natural products for sleep do exist [40:50] Dr. Pastore's poor sleep practicing as a doctor, then being a father Developed sleep supplement Power OFF for his own sleep issues as nothing else worked https://poweronpoweroff.com/products/power-off We can provide you with the scientific paper Dr. Pastore wrote  Help turn off excitatory neurotransmitters before bed to fall asleep Help stay asleep without waking up   Studies on theanine + 5 hydroxytryptophan shown to keep you asleep GABA to help you fall asleep  Most GABA can't cross blood-brain barrier Blood-brain barrier: only allows certain nutrients/neurotransmitters into the brain from the bloodstream to protect the brain  Dr. Pastore used his PhD in nanomedicine to make GABA pass the blood brain barrier  Magnolia plant - honokiol   Studies show honokiol primes receptor for GABA uptake Combination of ingredients address mechanism of turning off cellular stress response constantly being fired by ephedrine (excitatory / awake neurotransmitter) at night  Requires sulphur enzyme system - enzyme phenalethol…..help :)  Cysteine & dimer to create cystine Helps fall back asleep after interrupted sleep Won't prevent you from waking up if needed Formula evolves as new studies & research comes out    Antihistamines / Benadryl before bed [52:55] Dangerous for long-term health Harvard in 2005 urged doctors to advise patients to stop using antihistamines for sleep Antihistamines reduce acetylcholine, which over time increases risk of age-related mental decline Disrupts memory, cognitive sharpness, more forgetful    Wrap-Up [55:15] Aim for 7-9 hours per night Work with physician to find underlying cause for lack of sleep  Stay away from prescription sleep aids & over the counter sleep aids as much as possible Be mindful of melatonin  help@poweronpoweroff.com & https://poweronpoweroff.com/products/power-off www.drrobetpastore.com & @drrobetpastore

As covered in previous podcasts, celiac disease can have many symptoms beyond gastrointestinal issues and looking skinny/malnourished. In this episode, Dr. Pastore discusses a study that revealed two new acute, non-classic symptoms that could be the only sign of celiac disease - nausea and vomiting within 2-4 hours of eating. Both symptoms typically originate in the stomach, whereas classic celiac symptoms are caused due to damage of the small intestine. He covers what is causing these symptoms and what to do if you experience them.   Links mentioned:   Nausea & Vomiting after Gluten Exposure https://celiac.org/glutenexposuremarkers/   Full vaccine study: https://celiac.org/main/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/NexVax2-Study.pdf  

Dr. Pastore shares the science and latest research behind coronavirus, how it differs from COVID-19 and what makes it so dangerous. As he is actively treating those with the virus, he covers the lesser-known symptoms, the genetic polymorphisms (gene errors) that put some more at risk than others beyond age and pre-existing medical conditions, the current status of treatment for COVID-19 and what you can do to keep you and those around you safe.   SHOW NOTES Review of Dr. Pastore's qualifications [0:20] PhD Biomedical informatics, nanomedicine and clinical informatics from Rutgers University, School of Health Professions Expertise is understanding biomedical sciences, human genetics & RNA mechanisms, disease processes & systems, nanomedicine, drug discovery Graduate degree in Human Nutrition, Certified Nutrition Specialist    All of the information today is backed by science [3:00]   What is the Coronavirus and what is COVID-19 and how does this compare to SARS [3:45] Coronavirus - simply type of virus, under microscope has pointed structure looks like it wears a crown  Been exposed to coronavirus for a long time - cold, mild upper respiratory tract infection where bodies fight back - no cure  200+ different types “Novel” coronavirus = newly identified coronavirus type, no resistance against it  SARS 2003-2004 [6:20] Severe acute respiratory syndrome, caused by a novel coronavirus at the time Jumped from animal kingdom to humans, which is what is believed to have happened with the new 2019 coronavirus  COVID-19 [7:05] The upper respiratory infection some people develop after contracting the novel 2019 coronavirus (hence the name COVID-19)   You can be exposed to the coronavirus, be a carrier of the coronavirus, potentially exhibiting zero symptoms ever, transmit the virus to someone else and they can develop COVID-19 symptoms [7:30]   Coronavirus is spreading faster than SARS in 2003 [8:00] Less severe of an illness in the majority of those infected when compared to SARS Those with strong immune systems may only ever feel incredibly mild cold/flu symptoms or nothing at all, yet are giving the coronavirus to others with weaker immune systems [9:40] There are some individuals who do not feel sick, infect others, and then  develop COVID-19 symptoms    What makes the coronavirus so dangerous? [10:50] Spreading faster than any other virus in history  Those that have passed away from COVID-19 experienced a “cytokine storm” [11:30] Mutli-factorial hyper-inflammatory process  Over-stimulates the immune system factors, causing the lungs to shut down the normal process of breathing  Genetic polymorphism (genetic expression) in gene ACE2 can allow COVID-19 to get deeper into the lungs, greater chance of developing cytokine storm requiring hospitalization & ventilation [13:25] As of April 9, 2020, 25% of people walk around asymptomatic (constantly changing) [17:00] was 17.3% March 20th, 2020 People need to behave like they have the infection   Less-known/more rare symptoms of the coronavirus beyond cough/fever/chills [18:00] 3% of carriers present with pink-eye, can be the only symptom Diarrhea & other gastrointestinal/digestive complaints can be your only symptoms, don't assume it's a stomach bug or bad food  Loss of taste or smell  Sudden confusion - potentially caused by reduced blood-oxygen levels   What causes the more common symptoms [22:05] Dry “barking” cough, fever, chills, body aches, headache, shortness of breath, congestion  Virus interacting with immune system  Virus is replicating within body [22:45] Virus is RNA strands that fool your own cells into reproducing the virus (making your body “photocopy” the virus to take over more of your body) and then bust out of cells & take over nearby healthy cells   Replication of virus + immune system response causes the common symptoms    Immediately notify your physician if these symptoms arise, get immediate medical help if you have trouble breathing or pale/bluish skin [24:30] How long does it take to show symptoms? [25:15] 2-14 days from time of exposure, if at all Some reports of people being sick/developing symptoms beyond that  Learning more about how long virus can survive.  can live 3 days on stainless steel, 24 hours on package delivered to your door [26:25]   Who's most at risk? [27:00] Those with pre-existing conditions like diabetes, heart disease, lung diseases Immuno-compromised individuals - HIV, autoimmune diseases, undiagnosed or newly diagnosed celiac disease patients that are sIgA deficient    Recovery [29:15] Some feel fine after 3 days, some passing away - why? Genetic ACE2 polymorphism Some have the ACE2 polymorphism that better prevents the coronavirus from infecting the body  Pre-existing conditions, those with poor health  Body produces surfactant chemical that makes lungs sponge-like [31:05]  Genetic polymorphism that lowers surfactant production, makes lungs less sponge-like and makes breathing more challenging with COVID-19     What can we do? [32:15] Pretend you have the coronavirus  Social distancing - use technology to virtually connect with others REALLY wash your hands - scrub & sing “Happy Birthday” twice Hand sanitizer - minimum 60% alcohol  Other types are NOT designed to kill novel/new viruses  Stay home as much as possible - 6 feet from others is not enough  Wear a mask when going out To protect others from you Don't touch your face before washing your hands Study showed even trained, educated medical professionals touch their face 23 times per hour Clean & disinfect all surfaces that could have been exposed (groceries, counter where you rested groceries, car surfaces)  Alcohol-based surface cleaners need to have at least 70% alcohol  Strip off & wash your clothing in hot water, warm shower with soap as soon possible So far, we know virus can live on cloth for 3 days  How is COVID-19 treated? Current research shows…. [45:00] No FDA/CDC/WHO approved medical treatment Hospitals are practicing palliative care, symptom treatment  Ongoing experimental medical trials around the world (approx. 60 so far) NYU hyperbaric oxygen therapy - putting COVID-19 patients in more oxygen-rich environment, previously used to treat lung damage  Repurposing FDA-approved drugs to treat COVID-19 [47:15] Scientists are using drugs that have already been approved for other conditions and are currently being studied on effect to combat COVID-19 & slowing the spread within the body  Limits the virus spread so your own immune system can battle it  DRUG TRIAL: Remdesivir Believed to inhibit the action of RNA polymerase, intravenous delivery Targets how coronavirus replicates DRUG TRIAL: Galidesivir Viral RNA-polymerase binder, intravenous delivery DRUG TRIAL: Camostat Transmembrane protease, serine 2 inhibitor Blocks penetration of coronavirus to get into cell  DRUG TRIAL: Favipiravir  Selective viral RNA-polymerase inhibitor, delivered orally Two HIV drugs being studied right now DRUG TRIAL: Darunavir and Cobicistat, delivered orally DRUG TRIAL: Fingolimod  Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator, delivered orally Class of drugs used as immunomodulators and are used in conditions such as multiple sclerosis. Calms the immune system/cytokine storm to prevent it from attacking your own cells DRUG TRIAL: Plaquenil, better known as hydroxychloroquine  May inhibit the terminal glycosylation of ACE2 of this virus   These drugs SHOULD NOT be taken as a prophylactic / to “prevent” the coronavirus [51:00] All medications have side effects Pharmacogenetics - study of genetic reaction to drugs  (99.999% accurate) Based on an individual's genetics and polymorphisms, some may have opposite reaction and worsen health Can not respond to a drug Won't be one specific drug to treat it Instead, a polypharmacy - multiple options to treat based on genetics and other pre-existing medical conditions  Testing accuracy & false negatives [57:25] NIH estimates weeks away from a finger-prick test with almost 100% coronavirus diagnosis accuracy  Current testing of throat swabs 87.3% accurate, at best 13 of every 100 people that have been tested are given a false negative and are out in public infecting others    Vaccination? [60:00] Over a year out, but trials are underway Using plasma of those that have recovered from the virus Cell-surface receptor to suppress cytokine storm (keep immune system calm to prevent degrading of lung function)  When vaccine is available, celiacs should get tested to ensure vaccine is effective (often times they do not)   The future evolution of the coronavirus [63:20] Hard to determine next 6 months, constantly changing Hoping to flatten curve - signs are showing improvement Less infected, more time to react  The faster everyone does their part, the faster the curve will flatten Drug trials to conclude in a few months - more answers to what drugs work for certain categories of people   Conclusion [66:30] Do your part - stay home www.drrrobertpastore.com @drrobertpastore LINKS: EPA Disinfectants for Use Against SARS-CoV-2 https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/list-n-disinfectants-use-against-sars-cov-2   CDC Cleaning and Disinfection for Households https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cleaning-disinfection.html

[PART 2] Dr. Pastore continues on the topic of brain health, and what celiacs & non-celiacs can do now to lower the risk of future neurological & cognitive health issues. He covers what medical tests to have done, recommended foods and supplements, as well as ways to cognitively challenge your brain.    Recap of part 1, upcoming in episode  [0:40] Key action steps for celiac and non-celiac patients for brain health Decrease in gray & white matter in the brain for those with celiac disease, even if following a strict gluten-free diet [1:35] Can lead to cognitive decline or mental illnesses  Celiac Disease & Mental Health (Part 1) podcast episode: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/on-mental-health-celiac-disease-part-1/id1455383694?i=1000468339779   Why celiacs feel brain fog, forgetful or fatigued  [2:30] Multifactorial - many reasons for these symptoms based on structural gray/white matter changes in the brain celiacs have Malabsorption of nutrients due to damaged villi, causing nutrient deficiency [4:15]   Recommended test #1 for brain health and cognition: BrainSpan [4:40] https://www.brainspan.com/home Can be ordered directly to your house & mailed back  Finger-prick blood test  Measuring Omega 3 fatty acid levels EPA/DHA  Celiacs should use fish oil supplementation [6:30]  Brain health & cardiovascular diseases are connected [8:50] Plaquing of the arteries negatively affects brain health  High blood pressure presents with a higher risk of dementia  Analyze palmitic acid levels to help normalize insulin, leptin signalling, appetite cues, never feeling full [10:05]  Blood test is paired with brain games both developed by US military physician & used by physicians from Harvard. Sanjay Gupta, MD of CNN is an advisor [11:40] Measures memory, sustained attention, cognitive flexibility, and processing speed   Celiacs - speak to your physician about the test [13:00] Covered by Medicare in USA Recommended test #2 for brain health and cognition: Bloodwork for nutritional deficiencies [15:30] Deficiencies for celiacs podcast episode https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/on-nutritional-deficiencies-increased-infection-risk/id1455383694?i=1000454914981 Deficiencies for non-celiacs https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/on-common-nutritional-deficiencies/id1455383694?i=1000445381290   High blood sugar & insulin [16:45] Previous podcast: Alzheimer's Type 3 diabetes https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/on-alzheimers-disease-a-new-type-of-diabetes/id1455383694?i=1000448202120 Poor circulation can affect white & grey matter in the brain  Previous podcast on Blood Sugar & Insulin here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/on-blood-sugar-insulin/id1455383694?i=1000438688442 Previous podcast on Triglycerides & Glycemic Index here:  https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-glycemic-index-triglycerides-and-cholesterol/id1455383694?i=1000440223375 Celiac disease is connected to Type 1 diabetes Eat low-glycemic index carbohydrates   Identify if there is a  risk factor for insulin resistance [18:45] Take fasting glucose & fasting triglycerides level from last bloodwork to predict risk of insulin resistance [20:05] Triglyceride-Glucose Index - https://jscalc.io/calc/4VDpIssERFymapm5 (calculator) Fasting Glucose * Fasting Triglycerides / 2  Index of 4.9+ have greater risk of insulin resistance    Foods & Nutrients to consume daily for brain health [22:55] Berries - blueberries, strawberries [23:20] Harvard study: 2 servings per week delayed memory decline by 2.5 years Caffeine [24:40] John Hopkins: Caffeine equivalent to 1 cup of coffee, better memory recall the next day than placebo  Genetics affect reaction to caffeine [25:35]  Previous podcast on caffeine genetics: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/on-functional-nutrigenomics/id1455383694?i=1000446534488 Omega 3 Fatty Acids [28:10] UCLA study: Walnut consumption improved cognitive test scores Rich is ALA, converted into EPA  Fish  Can reduce beta amyloid plaque production, improving brain signalling  Choline [29:25] 92% people deficient in choline   ~400-550mg/day Critical for white matter function & reducing inflammation Found in beef liver, egg yolk, chicken breast, ground beef, cod, broccoli  Celiacs not absorbing food optimally Supplementation recommended  Power ON to improve cognitive function and cell integrity -  https://poweronpoweroff.com/products/power-on   Brain games to improve cognition [36:05] AARP brain games, apps such as Lumosity   Get adequate sleep [37:05] Journal of Sleep - short sleep duration showed worse white matter markers in mid-life Middle-aged celiacs with already lower white matter because of the disease especially need adequate sleep to lessen risk of cognitive decline, dementia, stroke Power OFF to help calm the mind & improve sleep quality   https://poweronpoweroff.com/products/power-off   Learn something new and complex [38:45] Leads to rapid structural changes in white and grey matter Must be complex - multiple steps to achieve success Must be something entirely new to you - language, computer code, tactile skill, musical instrument, a new exercise with proper form   Probiotics [40:40] Journal of Nutrients April 2019 study showed  You must care for your gut microbiome Eating healthy, whole foods Removing digestive irritants/intolerant foods  Consuming fiber (prebiotic)  Take a probiotic supplement *if* recommended by a physician Gut & Mood are connected for cell communication and neurotransmitter production Podcast: LINK   Episode recap [41:45] We'll be back next week with a COVID19 episode 

[PART 1] Dr. Pastore discusses the topic of mental health and celiac disease after the results of a brand new study that was released this week.   Sometimes, mental illnesses, ataxia, multiple sclerosis, personality disorders can be the only sign or symptom of celiac disease. These can also be comorbidities of celiac disease (simultaneous presence of multiple diseases or conditions).   Studies with MRIs have shown that both white and gray matter in the brain are negatively impacted for those with celiac disease, even if following a gluten-free diet and considered “healthy”   White matter consists of myelinated axons, which forms connections between brain cells.   Gray matter consists primarily of neuronal cell bodies in a a spherical structure that houses the neuron's nucleus. It also contains glial cells.   Celiac disease patients have an increased risk for brain disorders, but can be minimized if following a MILITANT gluten-free diet.   White matter disorders: https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/rg.2016160031   [BLOG] Celiac disease & nutritional deficiencies: https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-10-09-common-nutrient-deficiencies-in-the-newly-diagnosed-celiac-disease-patient/   [BLOG] How to get tested for celiac disease https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-26-what-do-you-do-if-you-think-you-may-have-celiac-disease/   [BLOG] Proper medical follow-up for celiacs https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2020-02-27-what-is-the-proper-medical-follow-up-for-a-celiac-patient/

Dr. Pastore discusses the dental defects he suffered with prior to his celiac diagnosis, and how gluten and oral health are connected.   Discussed:   - What causes dental enamel defects (DED) and demineralization   - How DED is associated with celiac disease   - One study found that 83% of celiac disease patients had some degree of DED   - How other oral health issues such as cavities and canker sores are connected to gluten   - How to treat DED and other oral issues for celiac disease patients

Dr. Pastore discusses Dermatitis Herpetiformis - an autoimmune condition with skin rashes that is caused by the consumption of gluten.   He covers who is most at risk, what this autoimmune condition is, how to get properly diagnosed and the celiac disease connection.   Discussed:   Dermatitis Herpetiformis (DH) is NOT the same as celiac disease. The majority of those with DH also have celiac disease, however there are people that only have DH and not celiac disease, and vice versa.   DH is an autoimmune reaction where antibodies (IgA) are formed after the consumption of gluten, which travels in bloodstream and are deposited in skin. This signals a reaction that creates itchy/blistering skin or bumps, resembles herpes-like lesions.   DH is misdiagnosed 95% of the time for eczema.   The prominent sign that it is DH and not eczema is that rashes will occur on both sides of body - typically around the knees, scalp, buttocks, elbows.    DH is diagnosed via skin biopsy, as 20% of patients have normal blood and intestine testing for celiac. Most have no gastrointestinal issues.   If you or a relative had Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Grave's disease, Celiac disease, type 1 diabetes,  lupus, or Sjogren's syndrome and you have eczema-like rash, speak to your doctor about a skin biopsy.   Misdiagnosed DH patients that are prescribed Prednisone/topical corticosteroids creams can mask symptoms temporarily, then cause a rebound flare-up.   Consuming other food intolerances (besides gluten) can make DH worse.   A gluten free diet combined with the antibiotic dapsone (topical or orally) is the common treatment for DH. It can take up to 2 years for full skin recovery.   Iodine and Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can also cause or worsen flares. Iodine is found in: cough medicine, iodized salt, shellfish, seaweed/kelp/nori, yogurt, milk, and iodine supplements.        

Dr. Pastore dives into the prevalence of lactose intolerance in celiacs, and celiac disease in those with lactose intolerance.   In this episode, he covers: -What a lactose intolerance is and how is it different from a milk/dairy allergy or sensitivity -68% of the adult population has a lactose intolerance, but who is most at-risk: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/lactose-intolerance#statistics -How lactose intolerance is traditionally diagnosed, and what celiacs should do after being diagnosed to be tested for lactose intolerance (H2-lactose breath test) -The genetic testing for lactose intolerance (MCM6-RS4988235 - C or CC allele)  -Why you should get tested for celiac disease if you have a lactose intolerance. In a study done by Ojetti in 2005, 24% had celiac disease with lactose intolerance presenting as their ONLY symptom: https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/84526 - What other medical conditions may be causing “secondary lactose intolerance” - your body produces lactase, but something else isn't right in your digestive tract - How some celiacs can recover from secondary lactose intolerance after following a gluten-free, dairy-free diet for 3-6 months to allow their small intestine villi to heal

Dr. Pastore covers key information a newly diagnosed celiac patient should know, including:   Why a biopsy is key for confirmed diagnosis   You cannot outgrow this disease   Why you should see a Registered Dietician or Certified Nutrition Specialist immediately after your physician's diagnosis   “Gluten free” foods & cross contamination   How to tackle restaurants and family dinners   Why you may feel sick after eating doesn't necessarily mean that you consumed gluten. It could also be a different food intolerance or even an an intestinal parasite.   What to do if you consume gluten, and why charcoal isn't the best for recovery   Why it's critical to see your doctor post-diagnosis at month 3 and/or 6, and definitely month 12 for follow-ups Vitamin/nutrient deficiencies Re-test ALL diagnostic tests at each Hepatitis B vaccination Pneumococcal infection vaccination

In this episode Dr. Pastore covers: Infertility in men and women could be caused by Celiac Disease   If you have the HLADQ2 or HLADQ8 Celiac gene but do not have Celiac disease, your child still could be born with or develop Celiac disease   If one of the biological parents are a gene carrier or are a diagnosed Celiac, a gluten-free diet should be followed during pregnancy   If a biological relative (parent, sibling, grandparent) is a gene carrier or a diagnosed Celiac, studies show there is a [1 in 10] to [1 in 22] chance of your child being born with or developing Celiac disease   The complications and risks of consuming gluten during pregnancy, including miscarriage and developing diabetes   Many prescriptions and prenatal vitamins contain gluten   Pregnant celiac patients have a higher chance of anemia (iron deficiency), placental abruption and  miscarriage   Infants at-risk should have no more than 5g of gluten at the age of introducing grains (roughly 6 months old)   What to discuss with your doctor during pregnancy, how often you should see them, the tests that should be run and the follow-up required   Things all Celiac Disease patients should do: Celiac testing for baseline IgG antibody titers. This also applies to all newly diagnosed celiacs at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after diagnosis   Get tested for ALL nutrients beyond the traditional Folic Acid, B12, Iron, Magnesium, Calcium, Vitamin D, Vitamin E and Vitamin A to determine deficiencies    Review your vaccination history - such as being a non-responder for the Hepatitis B  

In this episode, Dr. Pastore discusses: DAILY Nutrient Requirements for Pregnant Women: 1) Folate 1000 micrograms of L-methyl-folate per day, rather than folic acid MTHFR gene variance - affects folate utilization and can cause folic acid deficiency which can cause the infant to be born with spina bifida or cleft pallet 2) Iodine 250 micrograms per day High quality table salt with iodine [1/4 teaspoon = 75 micrograms] instead of/in combination wth sea salt or pink salt Non-mercury containing fish like cod 3) Choline Incredibly important for cell replication 450mg per day (550+ during breastfeeding)  1 organic egg yolk = 147mg 3 oz. chicken breast = 72mg Choline bitartrate supplement Power ON - NSF Certified supplement 4) EPA & DHA - Omega 3 Fatty Acid 300mg per day minimum DHA 300mg per day minimum EPA Deficiency can increase likelihood of postpartum depression EPA helps transport DHA to baby through placenta EPA/DHA enteric-coated supplement to help with nausea - NSF Certified to ensure no unsafe levels of mercury 5) Iron 30g of iron per day Ferronyl - form of iron supplement without constipation Bloodwork showing slight hemoglobin (protein that transports oxygen in the blood) decreases are normal as blood volume is doubling. Unsafe below: 10.5g/dL 2nd trimester 11.0/dL 3rd trimester Rising hemoglobin - also a warning sign 6) Magnesium 400mg per day Leafy vegetables Magnesium bisglycinate or magnesium taurate supplement Deficiency can increase likelihood of gestational diabetes 7) Inositol 50mg per day Cantaloupe A type of sugar, can reduce the likelihood of developing gestational diabetes for those at-risk 8) Calcium 1000-1500mg per day High-calcium foods also include dairy products (for non-intolerant people), collard greens, kale, dark green leafy vegetables Calcium citrate supplement — Preeclampsia A pregnancy condition involving high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine. This can keep the baby from getting enough blood and oxygen. It also can harm the mother's liver, kidneys, and brain. A highly processed diet & poor nutrient intake can be a cause. Studies have shown that simply increasing your fruit & vegetable intake causes a 50% reduction of risk. Adequate calcium intake also reduces risk — Monitoring for gestational diabetes Monitor glucose and insulin levels at every doctors appointment - elevation is warning sign of insulin resistance To be proactive, swap fast-digesting carbs for low-digesting whole-food carbs (choosing sweet potato over bread) — Morning sickness & nausea 50mg of standardized ginger root (5% gingerols) — Pregnancy / “Mommy” Brain Forgetful, foggy, low energy - can be due to choline deficiency

The first 1000 days of life - from conception to age two - are the most CRITICAL nutritional period to prevent health issues and diseases that may arise later in a human's life. Dr. Pastore shares his two+ decades of experience treating pregnant women and optimizing their nutrition for a safe, healthy pregnancy.   Information discussed:   Ask your doctor to be tested for the: MTHFR gene variance - affects folate utilization and can cause folic acid deficiency which can cause the infant to be born with spina bifida or cleft pallet    BCMO1 - T allele - unable to convert beta-carotene into the bioavailable from of vitamin A, which can lead to deficiency - affecting fetus growth and eye development   Blood work to be run for: Iron status - (anemia) Vitamin D level Magnesium Lipid levels Fasting glucose & insulin - warning sign for developing gestational  diabetes   Average caloric increase required for pregnant women: +300 cal/day, +2100/week   Healthy weight gain should be an average of 25lb total gain for pregnancy (most weight gained in the last trimester) for woman with a healthy BMI. Weight gain should be less for overweight women.   Foods to avoid while pregnant, even if you crave them: ANY & ALL alcohol Artificial sweeteners, flavors and colors in foods Fast food & highly processed foods Trans fats Unpasteurized foods/drinks like kombucha Refrigerated/smoked: sea food, white fish, seafood, deli meats, hot dogs, meat spreads Pre-made salads Raw sprouts such as broccoli sprouts, bean sprouts, alfalfa sprouts Caffeine (ideally none, but under 200mg a day) Fish high in mercury & other heavy metals - https://www.ewg.org/research/ewgs-good-seafood-guide/executive-summary   Food cravings: PICA: cravings for clay/dirt - warning sign of a nutrient/iron deficiency Ice cube cravings - warning sign of an iron deficiency     

Dr. Pastore and Lexie are back and kicking off 2020 with a popular “New Years Resolution” health topic - calories in vs. calories out. When it comes to weight loss, there are many factors people typically don't take into consideration when calculating both the “calories in” and “calories out” portions of the equation. They discuss: What a calorie is Thermodynamics Macronutrients and their thermogenic effect A protein study on the thermogenic effect of pork vs other meats Gene variances that make it more difficult for some of the population to lose weight compared to others COMT-RS4680-GG - likely to overeat/never feel satiated gene SLC2A2-RS5400-TC or GT - “sweet tooth” gene The negative metabolic effects of yo-yo dieting The negative metabolic effects of losing a significant amount of weight in a short period of time How food intolerances affect both “calories in” and “calories out” Why “adrenal fatigue” is NOT recognized as an official diagnosis in the medical community   Articles mentioned: Thermodynamics of weight loss diets https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC543577/   "A calorie is a calorie" violates the second law of thermodynamics https://nutritionj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1475-2891-3-9   Effects of Eating Fresh Lean Pork on Cardiometabolic Health Parameters https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3407990/   Biggest Loser Metabolism Study https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4989512/   Harvard Magazine - Are All Calories Equal? https://harvardmagazine.com/2016/05/are-all-calories-equal

“If you hear hoofs coming behind you, don't assume it's a zebra”   In this episode, Dr. Pastore shares one of his favorite patient cases where he was able to identify a “zebra” diagnosis when the medical community had diagnosed this patient with ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Lou Gehrig's disease) - a disease that gradually paralyzes people because the brain is no longer able to communicate with the muscles of the body.   Dr. Pastore shares his thought process, the tests he ran, what he discovered and the dietary changes he implemented that halted the ALS diagnosis in its tracks.     Links mentioned in the show:   Dr. Pastore's work on diagnosing celiac disease: https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-26-what-do-you-do-if-you-think-you-may-have-celiac-disease/   https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/physician-review-of-a-celiac-disease-risk-estimation-and-decision   Aspartame and its effects on health https://www.bmj.com/content/330/7486/309.2  

This week we discuss being “punked” and what to do if you unknowingly (or willingly against all recommendations) ingest gluten as a celiac.   Dr. Pastore shares his personal experience and discusses the typical symptoms a celiac would experience, the facts and myths about what a celiac should do to recover if they have consumed gluten, the immediate steps you should take and when you need to see your medical professional.   https://drrobertpastore.com/blog

In this conversation, Dr. Pastore explains the direct scientific links between gut health and mood. He covers how the gut and brain are systematically connected, the balance of gut microbiome, and why a damaged digestive tract can lead to mood-related disorders such as depression and anxiety.

Dr. Pastore shares his history with migraines and the signs, symptoms, causes, treatments and science behind migraines. Talking points include: The 4 stages of the migraine, including the “migraine hangover” A sub-class of migraines called allodynia -  the experience of pain from stimuli that isn't normally painful (ex - pain caused by steam/water from a shower) What triggers migraines, including MSG, aspartame, and tyramine-containing foods such as dairy, yeast extract & fermented foods  The prevalence of dairy being a trigger in Dr. Pastore's migraine patients & how to follow a one-month dairy elimination diet Why it's probably NOT the weather causing your migraine   

Dr. Pastore covers the typical nutritional deficiencies the newly diagnosed celiac patient may experience, the mistakes practitioners make when attempting to correct these deficiencies, and what YOU can do to be your own health-care advocate.   He then explains why those with celiac diseases (following a gluten-free diet or not), or even those with a gluten intolerance are more at risk to pneumococcal infections such as bronchitis, sinusitis, meningitis, and sepsis and what you can do to prevent this.   https://drrobertpastore.com/blog   Blood test names: Vitamin D: 25-hydroxy vitamin D   Magnesium: Magnesium, RBC   Omega 3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA): EPA/DHA plasma & red blood cell membrane analysis   Zinc: Serum or plasma zinc concentration   Iron: Serum Iron & Transferrin & TIBC (total iron binding capacity)& UIBC (unsaturated iron-binding capacity) & Serum ferritin     Food sources for each vitamin/nutrient/mineral:   Iron: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iron-HealthProfessional/   Magnesium: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/   Zinc: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-HealthProfessional/   Choline: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Choline-HealthProfessional/   Vitamin D: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/   Omega 3 EPA: https://ods.od.nih.gov/pubs/usdandb/EPA-Content.pdf#search=%22omega%203%22   Omega 3 DHA: https://ods.od.nih.gov/pubs/usdandb/DHA-Content.pdf#search=%22omega%203%22

(Part 2 of 2) Dr. Pastore and Lexie dive into what is happening to the brain chemically in the days, weeks and months after a concussion and why these neurological changes cause concussion symptoms including loss of consciousness, laps in memory, fatigue, anxiety, memory, food cravings and even catching a cold.   Links mentioned: poweronpoweroff.com

[Part 1 of 2]   Dr. Pastore and Lexie introduce concussions and traumatic brain injuries (TBI) - including what causes a concussion, the common symptoms, recovery time, and what to do to recover as quickly and efficiently as possible.   Stay tuned for a more in-depth look at “The Neurochemistry of Concussions” next episode.   Links mentioned:   Light therapy tools: https://www.usa.philips.com/c-m-pe/light-therapy   Physical exercise for concussion recovery: http://www.eldoamethod.com/about

Lexie and Dr. Pastore cover all things poop-related, including how food is turned into poop, what's normal & what's not.   They discuss constipation, gas, diarrhoea, laxatives, fecal transplants and warning signs for when you should book an appointment with your doctor to discuss your digestive health.

Infertility may be the one and only symptom that a woman OR man has undiagnosed celiac disease - there may be no gastrointestinal distress or typical “digestion” symptoms you'd assume to be present.a Dr. Pastore discusses the most recent study around celiac disease research and then dives into the studies around infertility in celiacs, and how for Dr. Pastore's celiac patients, following a gluten-free diet led to a 100% success rate for a couple to be able to conceive.   Infertility & Celiac Disease: https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-28-could-your-infertility-be-a-symptom-of-celiac-disease   What to do if you think you have celiac disease: https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-26-what-do-you-do-if-you-think-you-may-have-celiac-disease/

Comorbidity is the presence of one or more additional medical conditions co-occurring with a primary condition. Dr. Pastore discusses the most common comorbidities (disorders and diseases) that are connected with celiac disease and the research that uncovers why this is the case. He also elaborates on the intestinal epithelial barrier, it's importance for immunity and how gliadin (the protein found in gluten) reacts with zonulin to causes tight junction dysfunction in the small intestine.   -People with the diseases/disorders discussed may be at a higher risk of having celiac disease   -Celiac disease may be causing the signs/symptoms of other medical conditions and those may be reduced/eliminated once going gluten-free   -Those that know they have celiac disease should also be tested for the mentioned medical conditions, especially if there is a family history     Articles mentioned:   Celiac Disease: High Risk Groups, Related Disorders and Comorbidities https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-09-12-celiac-disease-high-risk-groups-related-disorders-and-comorbidities   What do you do if you think you may have celiac disease https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-26-what-do-you-do-if-you-think-you-may-have-celiac-disease

Dr. Pastore discusses the topic of obesity and the newest emerging studies showing it as one of the most common symptoms of undiagnosed celiac disease. He explains the misconception that undiagnosed celiac patients would appear underweight due to malnutrition; as well as what is physiologically happening in the gastrointestinal tract and throughout the body for those that present obesity as a symptom.   Dr. Pastore's articles mentioned in the podcast:   Celiac Disease: A Clinical Chameleon https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-19-celiac-disease-a-clinical-chameleon     What do you do if you think you may have celiac disease? https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-26-what-do-you-do-if-you-think-you-may-have-celiac-disease     The Celiac and Obesity Connection https://drrobertpastore.com/blog/2019-08-30-the-celiac-and-obesity-connection/    

Dr. Pastore and Lexie cover how certain variations of specific genes can affect your performance, your nutrition, your cravings and even how food tastes.   In-depth topics include how genetics affect: High carbohydrate consumption and low HDL cholesterol levels How food tastes, and why some people can never get enough sugar How your risk for tendon/ligament/joint injury is increased/decreased Over-eating and difficulty losing weight       Genetic SNPs covered in the episode:   KCTD10-GG MMAB-GG MVK May cause low HDL (“good”) cholesterol levels with high carbohydrate consumption (~231g+ per day)   SLC2A2 rs5400 - T allele (even just one) “Sweet tooth” gene, linked to over-eating, not feeling satisfied after sugar consumption, less sensitive to feeling the affects of high glucose levels in blood   TAS1R3-AA TAS1R3-GA Sugar tastes less sweet, increases the likelihood over overconsumption of sugar and artificial sweeteners   TAS2R38-C allele TAS2R38-G allele Do not like the taste of bitter foods (coffee, broccoli, kale, Brussels sprouts), over-salt or sweeten foods to cover up the taste   TAS2R38-TT Find bitter foods less bitter than other people (enjoy broccoli, cabbage, kale, etc)   COL5A1-TT Decreased elasticity and range of motion in joints. Increased risk of injuring joints, connective tissue (tendons/ligaments) and soft tissue.   COL5A1-CC Protective genotype, reduced rate of tendon injury   COL1A1-TT Decreased risk of injuring joints, connective tissue (tendons/ligaments) and soft tissue.   GDF5-T allele Increased risk for joint injuries, can be a warning sign of early (mid-40's) onset osteoarthritis   MC4R-C allele KCDT15-C allele Increases likelihood of higher BMI (from fat mass), slows the process of weight loss, can cause more cravings for higher caloric/processed food intake   COMT-GG Increases the likelihood to overeat   SHTB2, LEP, PCSK1-2, and FTO are currently being researched for their connection to obesity.

Dr. Pastore and Lexie review diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, why the emerging scientific evidence is showing that Alzheimer's disease may be Type 3 diabetes, and what you can do NOW to decrease the likelihood of developing these diseases.    Some important facts: Prolonged elevated glucose (blood sugar) levels damage blood vessels in the brain, disrupt neurotransmitters, and cause brain cell inflammation and neuronal cell death.   Type 2 diabetes increases the likelihood of developing Alzheimer's later in life.   30% of the population carries the APO-E4 gene, those with 2 copies - increase the likelihood of those individuals developing cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's.   Online Order for Genetic Testing: https://www.23andme.com/dna-health-ancestry/   Triglyceride and Glucose Index to determine Insulin Resistance: https://www.mdapp.co/tyg-index-calculator-359/   BMI Calculator: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/BMI/bmicalc.htm   For fish/seafood mercury levels, click “Show Full Table” here: https://www.ewg.org/research/ewgs-good-seafood-guide/executive-summary

Dr. Pastore and Lexie discuss emerging foods in society today, including:   -The artificial sweetener allulose, how it's made and why you should be mindful of dosages   -Plant-based “meats” such as the Impossible Burger & Beyond Meat, their protein quality and the downsides to how they are made & processed   -An up & coming plant-based protein source high in nutrients with a full amino acid profile known as duckweed

Dr. Pastore and Lexie discuss sunscreen, focusing on how the chemicals in the product designed to protect your skin against the sun's harmful affects can be absorbed and negatively affect the inside of your body, and what you can do about it now. Dr. Pastore covers what SPF is and what the SPF number on your sunscreen bottle means; melanin, sunburns & tans; UVA & UVB rays; how sunscreen affects your body's natural vitamin D production and what the FDA has to say about the current active chemical ingredients in sunscreen. “Active” chemical ingredients to look out for on your sunscreen bottle: avobenzone, oxybenzone (BP-3), octocrylene, & benzylidene camphor derivatives Check your sunscreen at: https://www.ewg.org/sunscreen/ The safe mineral-based sunscreen: Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide  

We are all bicohemically unique, and much of that has to do with our genetic makeup. Dr. Pastore and Lexie discuss one of Dr. Pastore's specialties as a practitioner - nutrigenomics; specifically functional nutrigenomics. Dr. Pastore covers what the research has shown and how he applies nutrigenomics with his patients to identify how their DNA sequence variation/mutations or “genetic errors”(scientifically known as single-nucleotide polymorphism or SNPs) can lead to health complications, nutritional deficiencies, and specific to reactions to medications and supplements. They discuss these genetic “errors”  specifically for the bioactive compound caffeine, and the nutrients vitamin A, folate, iron, B12 and vitamin D.   Caffeine Gene SNPs: CYP1A2  Folate Genetic Test: C677T / MTHFR Gene SNPs: CT/TT (40% of women) means increased risk low circulating folate Biological form of folic acid is L-methylfolate Iron Gene SNPs: TMPRSS6, TFR2, & TF B12 Gene FUT2 SNPs: GG GA Vitamin D Gene SNPs: DHCR7 CYP2R1

Dr. Pastore and Lexie cover 5 popular supplements typically marketed for weight loss. Dr Pastore discusses CLA, apple cider vinegar, L-carnitine, green tea extract (EGCG) and skinny teas; what the actual research and studies have to shown, and how some of them, if taken daily, are actually doing much more harm than good.

Dr. Pastore and Lexie discuss some of the most common nutritional deficiencies in the standard North American diet. They look in depth at vitamin D, choline, magnesium, Omega 3 (EPA/DHA), zinc and iron and what these vitamins/minerals/nutrients do in the body, where we find them in food, how much we need daily and what blood tests Dr. Pastore recommends to determine if you're deficient.   More info about Dr. Pastore: https://drrobertpastore.com/ More info about Lexie: https://www.instagram.com/lexircise/   Blood test names: Vitamin D: 25-hydroxy vitamin D Magnesium: Magnesium, RBC Omega 3 fatty acids (EPA/DHA): EPA/DHA plasma & red blood cell membrane analysis Zinc: Serum or plasma zinc concentration Iron: Serum Iron & Transferrin & TIBC (total iron binding capacity)& UIBC (unsaturated iron-binding capacity) & Serum ferritin     Food sources for each vitamin/nutrient/mineral:   Iron: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iron-HealthProfessional/   Magnesium: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Magnesium-HealthProfessional/   Zinc: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-HealthProfessional/   Choline: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Choline-HealthProfessional/   Vitamin D: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/   Omega 3 EPA: https://ods.od.nih.gov/pubs/usdandb/EPA-Content.pdf#search=%22omega%203%22   Omega 3 DHA: https://ods.od.nih.gov/pubs/usdandb/DHA-Content.pdf#search=%22omega%203%22

In this episode, Lexie and Dr. Pastore discuss: • The types of naturally occurring sugar • Artificial sweeteners, how they are chemically processed and their negative health benefits, specifically the increasingly popular sweeteners aspartame and acesulfame potassium (ace-K) • Sugar alcohols and how they are processed • Plant-based & natural sweeteners • Why you should retrain your taste buds to adapt to whole foods and natural sugar again

Lexie and Dr. Pastore discuss cannabinoids, specifically CBD and the scientific research around its current health claims. Dr. Pastore explains the endocannabinoid system, the current lack of regulation for CBD products such as tinctures, creams and food supplements and his hopes for the future of CBD research.

Roger is the CEO and Founder of Cell Science Systems and PreviMedica, a nutrition consulting firm.  He is also the CEO of Cell Science Systems, GmbH, Potsdam Germany. Roger is one of the pioneers of food and chemical sensitivities testing with involvement in this field since 1986.  Dr. Pastore and Roger discuss the ALCAT test, what it is and how it difference from standard traditional allergy testing. They discuss some of the research conducted at Yale School of Medicine, pathomechanisms of reactions to food and chemicals in the diet and conclude with a brief discussion of Cell Science Systems work in non-celiac gluten sensitivity research.

Dr. Pastore elaborates on his recent paper published in the Journal of the American College of Nutrition in May 2019 regarding the celiac disease clinical decision support system (CD-CDSS) he designed to help medical experts diagnose the clinical chameleon that is celiac disease. Celiac disease is a genetic disease affecting roughly 1 out of 100 people. The current average duration to diagnosis is 10 years, yet 83% of people with the disease will never be diagnosed.   Physician Review of a Celiac Disease Risk Estimation and Decision-Making Expert System can be read here: https://tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07315724.2019.1608477  

Lexie and Dr. Pastore look more in-depth at the glycemic index, glycemic load, how foods are scored, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) & how the GI score of a food affects symptoms, triglycerides, the negative effects of trans fats, and cholesterol, including the good kind of the “bad” LDL cholesterol. Dr. Pastore shares tools and resources including: Harvard Health's Glycemic Index for 60+ foods: https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/glycemic-index-and-glycemic-load-for-100-foods The Glycemic Index Food Search: http://glycemicindex.com   The Glycemic Load Calculator https://www.gisymbol.com/what-about-glycemic-load/   The Triglyceride Glucose Index to predict insulin resistance (Fasting triglycerides in mg/dL x fasting glucose in mg/dL) divided by 2. A score of 4.49+ may indicate insulin resistance. Online Triglyceride Glucose Index Calculator: https://www.mdapp.co/tyg-index-calculator-359/

In this episode, Dr. Pastore discusses carbohydrates, blood sugar & glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, symptoms of high blood sugar, medical testing methods, glycogen stores in muscles, diabetes and why you should reconsider drinking juice.

Dr. Pastore is joined by long time friend and renowned hockey strength and conditioning coach Ben Prentiss.   In this conversation, Ben shares a sliver of the knowledge he's learned over two decades of training professional athletes from the NHL and Olympic, including the importance of individualized macro and training cycles based on seasonal performance, physical testing, and biological and neurochemical analysis.   Learn more about Ben here: https://www.prentisshockey.com/